Pagina prima

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      <comment>Indicem Librorum renovavi</comment>
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Salve! Vicilibri est collectio '''operum liberorum''' quae tu quoque legere et recensere potes.
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'''Vicilibri (Latin Wikibooks)''' est bibliotheca publica, qua opera libera, Latine conscripta, in lucem edantur et condantur. Omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus, ex animo invitamus, ut Vicilibris operam navent.

'''Opera esse &quot;libera&quot; quid sibi vult?''' En responsum: cuicumque licet quemcumque librum, qui hic invenitur, depromere, vulgare, mutare, etiam vendere, modo condiciones [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] serventur.

'''Visne etiam tu aliquid conferre?''' Vicilibros lege, emenda, novos libros adde. Nobis opitulare, ut usus sermonis Latini latius vulgetur!
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&lt;h2&gt;Index Librorum&lt;/h2&gt;

Hi libri vel perfecti vel longe progressi sunt:

* [[Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter]]
* [[Silva Latinae Linguae sive Lexicon Ianuale]], opus J.A. Comenii
* [[Taciti Annalium Liber Primus]] (cum annotationibus)

Adde etiam tuum!

Hi libri imperfecti sunt:

* [[Compendium pathologiae hominis]] 
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum]]
* [[Grammatica Latina]]
* [[Lingua Latina in iure]]
* [[Islandice]]
* [[Glossarium Italice]]
* [[Glossarium Hispanice]]
* [[Glossarium Lusitanice]]
* [[Glossarium Anglice]]
* [[Glossarium Saxonice]]
* [[Glossarium Borussice]]
* [[Glossarium Polonice]]
* [[Glossarium Dacoromanice]]
* [[Glossarium Batave]]
* [[Musica Classica]]

Quid si tu unum vel alterum perficias?

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{{Projects}}</text>
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! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#bfffbf;&quot; | Legenda vicilibris
|-
| [[Fasciculus:00%.svg]] || Liber initialis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:25%.svg]] ||
|-
| [[Fasciculus:50%.svg]] || Liber maturandus
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| [[Fasciculus:75%.svg]] ||
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| [[Fasciculus:100%.svg]] || Liber finitus
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Categoria:Formulae]]

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|-
| colspan=&quot;6&quot; | &lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'''Alii inceptus'''&lt;/div&gt;
Vicilibri a [[wikimedia:|Wikimedia Foundation]] administrantur cui etiam [[wikimedia:Our projects|alii inceptus]] multilingues et liberi sunt:
|-
| width=&quot;48px&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|48px|center|Vicipaedia|link=w:]]
| width=&quot;33%&quot;  | '''[[w:|Vicipaedia]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Libera encyclopaedia
| width=&quot;48px&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo-la.png|48px|center|Victionarium|link=wikt:]]
| width=&quot;33%&quot;  | '''[[wikt:|Victionarium]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Dictionarium liberum
| width=&quot;48px&quot; | [[File:Wikisource-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicifons|link=s:]]
| width=&quot;33%&quot;  | '''[[s:|Vicifons]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Fontes liberae
|-
| [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicicitatio|link=q:]]
| '''[[q:|Vicicitatio]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Citationum collectio
| [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicispecies|link=wikispecies:]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Vicispecies]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Index specierum
| [[File:Wikinews-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicinuntii|link=http://www.wikinews.org/]]
| '''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[http://www.wikinews.org/ Vicinuntii]&lt;/span&gt;'''&lt;br /&gt;Nuntii liberi
|-
| [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|48px|center|Vicivia|link=incubator:Wy/la/Pagina prima]]
| '''[[incubator:Wy/la/Pagina prima|Vicivia]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Directorium viaticum liberum
| [[File:Wikiversity-logo.svg|48px|center|Viciversitas|link=betawikiversity:Pagina prima]]
| '''[[betawikiversity:Pagina prima|Viciversitas]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Libera instrumenta discendi
| [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicidata|link=d:]]
| '''[[d:|Vicidata]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Repositorium datorum liberum
|-
| [[File:Commons-logo.svg|48px|center|Vicimedia Communia|link=commons:]]
| '''[[commons:Pagina prima|Communia]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Thesaurus imaginum et sonorum
| [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|48px|center|Meta|link=m:]]
| '''[[m:|Meta]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Inceptuum Vicimediorum coordinatio
| [[File:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|48px|center|MediaWiki|link=mw:]]
| '''[[mw:|MediaWiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Programma interretiale vici liberum
|}
&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Categoria:Formulae]]

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <comment>[[d:Q4039395]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1015" xml:space="preserve">'''Magistratus''' possunt paginas delere, restituere et protegere sicut vandalos obstruere et textum interfaciei recensere.

==Criteria ut creatus sit administrator==
* 3 books edited
* election through third-person-candidation and votes

== Index magistratuum ==

Vide [[{{#special:Listadmins}}]]:

* [[Usor:Alex1011]] – magistratus temporarius usque ad diem 16 Septembris 2008 ([[meta:Requests for permissions/Approved temporary#Expiring: 16 Sep 2008]])
*[[usor:The Doc|The Doc]]:Administrator temporaneus, sive dehortare illum unum Steward advocare — Temporary sysop by his request on meta, in case of further opposition contact a Steward
* [[Usor:UV]] – magistratus temporarius usque ad diem 16 Septembris 2008 ([[meta:Requests for permissions/Approved temporary#Expiring: 16 Sep 2008]])

== Vide etiam ==

* [[{{ns:project}}:Petitio magistratus]]

== Nexus externus ==

* [[meta:Requests for permissions]]
* [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~vvv/adminstats.php?wiki=lawikibooks_p&amp;tlimit=none Acta magistratuum]</text>
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      <comment>re-adding sitesupport</comment>
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      <text bytes="166" xml:space="preserve">* navigation
** mainpage|mainpage
** portal-url|portal
** recentchanges-url|recentchanges
** randompage-url|randompage
** helppage|help
** sitesupport-url|sitesupport</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Main Page</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Reverti recensiones ab usore [[Special:Contributions/81.190.252.77|81.190.252.77]] ([[User talk:81.190.252.77|Disputatio]]) ad emendationem proximam ab [[User:UV|UV]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="26" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Pagina prima]]</text>
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    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis</title>
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      <comment>/* Request for Administrator status II */ Reply</comment>
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'''Salve!'''

''Please use this page to discuss Vicilibri Latina, as well as just to have general discussion.''

* '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection.

See also: [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera]]

== Request for Administrator status II ==

Dear all, 

'''This is a repeat request as the last one has timed out.'''

I would like to request (temporary) administrator status to make some changes, particularly to the front page to add one or two book links for instance. 

I believe {{Ping|Andreas Raether}} and {{Ping|Dr.Viktor.B}} would also like permission. We need six people to confirm / assent. We can then add a request at [[:meta:Steward requests/Permissions]]

Call to @[[Usor:UV|UV]] @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] @[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] @[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:39, 14 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
:I support the addition of {{Ping|JimKillock}} and {{Ping|Andreas Raether}} as admins. I'd be prepared to support {{Ping|Dr.Viktor.B}} if this user requests admin status. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:39, 14 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
:Hello everyone, I do request admin status and support @[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]]'s request for admin status. [[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Dr.Viktor.B|disputatio]]) 17:46, 14 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
::After that confirmation, and after seeing this user's work, I support {{Ping|Dr.Viktor.B}} as admin. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:33, 17 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
::@[[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]] (and @[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] if you are still interested) you should add your request for adminship at [[:meta:Steward requests/Permissions]] [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 17:57, 21 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
:::Thanks all @[[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]] and I now have the permissions to edit the main page, etc. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 18:53, 26 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
::::I added my name on the list for request at [[:meta:Steward requests/Permissions]]. Congratulations to [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] and [[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]]. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Raether|disputatio]]) [[Specialis:Conlationes/93.232.176.68|93.232.176.68]] 19:57, 28 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
:::::Congrats @[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]]! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 06:25, 29 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to select members of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 20:19, 25 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;</text>
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      <comment>iterum</comment>
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      <text bytes="1085" xml:space="preserve">'''Salve!'''

Gratus aut grata apud Vicilibros Latinos acciperis! Ob collata tua gratias agimus speramusque fore ut delecteris et manere velis. Cum Vicilibri nostri pauci humilesque sint, paucae et exiguae sunt paginae auxilii, sed quid ni his incipias?

*[[Project:Porta communis|Porta communis]]

Si plura de modis et moribus Vicilibrianis scire vis, tibi suademus, ut Vicilibri aliam adeas, exempli causa:

*[[:En:Template:Welcome|Formula salutandi Anglica]]
*[[:En:Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers|Pagina advenarum salutandorum Anglica]]

In ipsis articulis mos noster non est nomen dare, sed in paginis disputationis memento scriptis tuis subsignare, litteris imprimendis &lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;, quae sua sponte et nomen tuum et diem dabunt. Etiamsi in paginis ipsibus lingua Latina tantum uti liceat, in paginis disputationis qualibet lingua scribas. Si quid interrogare volueris, vel apud [[Project:Porta communis|Portam communem]] vel in pagina mea disputationis rogato. Ave, spero te &quot;Vicilibrianum&quot; aut &quot;Vicilibrianam&quot; fieri velle!&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Categoria:Formulae]]

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[[Categoria:Formulae]]

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    <title>Formula:Delenda est</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
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      <comment>vva</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="530" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div name=&quot;Deletion notice&quot; class=&quot;boilerplate&quot; id=&quot;attention&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #Fbb; width: 95%; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0px 10px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #AAA;&quot;&gt;

[[Image:Crystal Clear action button cancel.svg|45px]] '''Suasum est hanc paginam esse statim delendam.'''&lt;br /&gt;
Si huic proposito dissentias, sententiam tuam, quaesumus, profer apud [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|paginam disputationis]].

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;[[Categoria:Deletiones Propositae]]&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Categoria:Formulae]]

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>The Doc</username>
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      <comment>Redirecting to [[Formula:Delenda est]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="32" xml:space="preserve">#redirect[[Formula:Delenda est]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Deletiones Propositae</title>
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        <id>1868</id>
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      <comment>+__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__</comment>
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      <text bytes="57" xml:space="preserve">__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__
[[Categoria:Categoria servilis]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Categoria servilis</title>
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      <timestamp>2006-06-03T10:24:36Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="23" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:vicilibri]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Vicilibri</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2006-06-03T10:29:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>The Doc</username>
        <id>36</id>
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      <text bytes="50" xml:space="preserve">Mater categoriae, hac omnes categoriae descendant.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Quid Vicilibri non est</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>3650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-10-09T00:23:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Where might be more suitable */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="919" xml:space="preserve">'''Vicilibri is for textbook-style content that you have made yourself''', while '''Vicifons is for public source material that is notable for some reason'''.

==What Vicilibri is not==

* Vicilibri is not a store for important Latin texts.
* Vicilibri is not a place for Latin fiction.
* Vicilibri is not a place for text in languages other than Latin (unless you are writing a guide to learn that language).
* Vicilibri is not a place for writings about your favourite topic.

==Where might be more suitable==

* [[w:|Vicipaedia]] is for articles in Latin.
* [[s:|Vicifons]] is for important Latin texts.
* [[wikt:|Victionarium]] is for definitions into or in Latin.
* [[q:|Vicicitatio]] is for Latin quotations.
* [[:en:|Wikibooks]] is for textbook content in English.

==What Vicilibri is==

Vicilibri is a place where you can write tutorials, guides, textbooks and similar content about almost any topic, in Latin.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:Common.css</title>
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      <timestamp>2007-11-27T23:24:13Z</timestamp>
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      <model>css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="210" xml:space="preserve">/** CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */

 /* Makes redirects appear in italics on [[Special:Allpages]] and on category pages */
 .allpagesredirect, .redirect-in-category {
    font-style: italic;
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Administrators</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>タチコマ robot</username>
        <id>966</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Vicilibri:Magistratus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="35" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Magistratus]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
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      <id>6052</id>
      <parentid>6049</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-03-16T17:12:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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      <comment>archiving</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1135" xml:space="preserve">In hac pagina magistratus peti possunt. [[Vicilibri:Magistratus|Magistratus]], sive administratores, res delere, vandalos inhibere, mutationes revertere, et [[Specialis:Allmessages|MediaWiki]] reddere possunt. 

Magistratus usores certissimi, humanissimi, patientissimi sint. Latinitatem optimam habeant, etiam Vicilibri Latinae experti sint. 

Nominationes septem dies remanebunt. Usoribus anonymis suffragium ferre non licet.

==Nominationes==
''Nota bene nominationem non valere nisi ab ipso usore nominato acceptum. Si igitur usoris nomen hic proferes, scribeto quaesumus in pagina disputationis usoris eundum esse ad hanc paginam si nominationem accipere velit.''

''Nominationes novas in summa parte, quaeso, adscribeto.''

''Hora nunc est '''{{CURRENTTIME}}, {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}''' (UTC)''

Petitiones recentes:

=== USOR EXEMPLARIS (2/1/2), ad finem veniet TEMPORE ===
Nominatio et oratio pro USORem, &lt;nowiki&gt;--~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt; (signum nominatoris)
:Responsum USORis

'''Pro:'''
#Usor1
#Usor2

'''Contra:'''
#Usor3

'''Notanda:'''
#Nota1
#Nota2

== Petitiones veteres ==

* [[/Petitiones veteres/]]</text>
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    <title>Formula:Delete</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>fixing redirect</comment>
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    <title>Categoria:Formulae</title>
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      <timestamp>2015-02-25T20:23:44Z</timestamp>
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        <id>1626</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: removing existed iw links in Wikidata</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Pagina Prima</title>
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      <contributor>
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      <comment>[[Pagina Prima]] moved to [[Pagina prima]]: all other Latin Wikimedia projects (wikipedia, wikiquote etc.) use &quot;Pagina prima&quot; with a minuscule p</comment>
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      <text bytes="26" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Pagina prima]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>6842</id>
      <parentid>6618</parentid>
      <timestamp>2011-01-13T18:47:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Aliae declinationes */ +Athenae</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="4206" xml:space="preserve">'''Unde? Ubi? Quo? '''

='''Unde?'''=

==Urbes==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*Roma venit.

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Ariminio venit.

===Aliae declinationes===

*Neapoli venit.

==Parvae insulae==

*Delo venit.

==Cum [[appositio]]ne: Ablativus separativus cum praepositione &quot;ex&quot;==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*Ex urbe Rom'''a''' venit.
*Roma ex urbe celeberrima venit.

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Armini'''o''' ex Umbria venit.
*Armini'''o''' ex oppido magno venit.

===Aliae declinationes===

*Ex magna Neapoli venit.
*Neapoli ex bella urbe venit.

==Terrae==

*Ex Gallia venit.

==Magnae insulae==

*Ex Britannia venit. 

==Alia==

===Ablativus separativus===

[[Grammatica Latina/Ablativus|Ablativus]] separativus cum praepositione &quot;a&quot;, si distantia ab aliquo loco refertur:

*Zama quinque dierum iter a Carthagine abest. 
*Procul a, prope a , longe a.


===Regiones coeli===

*orientem solem versus

Hic populus quingentis passuum milibus ab Utopia distat ''orientem solem versus''. ([[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]], [[w:Utopia]])

='''Ubi? '''=

==Urbes==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*Romae vivit.
*Petrus Aegidius, Antverpiae natus. (Utopia, [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]])

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Ariminio vivit..

===Aliae declinationes===

*Neapoli vivit..
*[[:wikt:Athenae|Athenae]]

==Parvae insulae==

*Delo vivit.

==Cum [[appositio]]ne: Ablativus loci cum praepositione &quot;in&quot;:==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*In urbe Rom'''a''' vivit.
*Romae in urbe celeberrima vivit.

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Armini'''o''' in Umbria vivit.
*Armini'''o''' in oppido magno vivit.

===Aliae declinationes===

*Neapoli in urbe magna vivit.
*Neapoli in bella urbe vivit.
*Brugae (nominativus): Occurerunt nobis Brugis. (Utopia, [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]])

==Terrae==

*In Russia vivit

==Magnae insulae==

*In Britannia vivit.

==Alia==

''Ablativus loci cum verbo &quot;totus&quot; et &quot;locus&quot;:''

*loco salubri
*tota (in) urbe , toto orbe terrarum

='''Quo? '''=

[[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|Accusativus]] casus teli et regionis

==Urbes==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*Romam it.
*Me Antverpiam confero. (Utopia, [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]])

====ad====

*Ad Romam it. - In regionem circa Romam it. 

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Ariminium it.

*Confer [[Itinerarium Antonini Augusti maritimum]] [http://www.romaeterna.org/antichi/itinerario/index.html]: Ab Isthmo Naupact'''um usque''' provinciae Achaiae stadia DCCL [sunt].

====ad====

*Ad Ariminium it. - In regionem circa Ariminium it. 

===Aliae declinationes===

*[[:wikt:Neapolis|Neapolim]] it.
*Fugitivam Neapolim ad se retrahit. (Utopia, [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]])
*Bruxellae (nominativus): Bruxellas profecti sunt. (Utopia, [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]])
*A quo cum quaesisset, quo se deduci vellet, et ille [[:wikt:Athenae|Athenas]] dixisset, praesidium dedit, ut tuto perveniret. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]]
*Hic magno cum pondere auri [[:wikt:Thebae|Thebas]] venit. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]]

====ad====

*Ad Neopolim it. - In regionem circa Neopolim it.

==Parvae insulae==

*Delom it.

==Cum appositione: Accusativus teli cum praepositione &quot;in&quot;==

===Declinatio prima &quot;a&quot;===

*In urbem Rom'''am''' it.
*&quot;Romam in urbem celeberrimam it&quot; sive &quot;Romam urbem celeberrimam it.&quot; 

===Declinatio secunda &quot;o&quot;===

*Armini'''um''' in Umbriam it.
*&quot;Armini'''um''' in oppidum magnum it&quot; sive &quot;Arminium oppidum magnum it&quot;.

===Aliae declinationes===

*In [[:wikt:Neapolis|Neapolim]] urbem magnam it.
*&quot;Neapolim in bellam urbem it&quot; sive &quot;Neapolim bellam urbem it.&quot;
*in Africam Carthaginem [http://www.romaeterna.org/antichi/itinerario/index.html]

==Terrae==

*In Russiam it

==Magnae insulae==

*In Britanniam it.

==Alia==

Accusativus &quot;domum&quot; et &quot;rus&quot;

*domum ire
*rus mittere

=Vide etiam=

*[[Grammatica Latina/Declinationes nominum locorum|Declinationes nominum locorum]] 
*Nexus externus: http://webpages.ursinus.edu/classics/latin/grammar_locative.htm

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina|Unde? Ubi? Quo?]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|Unde? Ubi? Quo?]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/antequam</title>
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      <timestamp>2007-11-30T14:39:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
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      <comment>sort.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5617" xml:space="preserve">'''antequam''' est [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|coniunctio]] et verbum ex [[Grammatica Latina/Adverbia|adverbiis]] ''[[:wikt:ante|ante]]'' et ''[[:wikt:quam|quam]]'' compositum. ''[[:wikt:prius|prius]]'' quoque est adverbium.

'''[[:wikt:antequam|Antequam]]''' et '''[[:wikt:priusquam|priusquam]]''' regit modum indicativum vel modum coniunctivum. Ratio temporalis [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutione temporum]] regitur.

=Modus indicativus=

==Tempus praesens==

#Antequam pro reo dicere [[:wikt:instituo|instituo]], pro me pauca [[:wikt:dico|dicam]] [tempus futurum].&lt;br&gt;

==[[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|Tempus perfectum]]==

#Omnia ista ante facta sunt, quam Siciliam [[:wikt:attingo|attigi]].

==Futurum exactum==

#Ante provinciam sibi decretam [[:wikt:audio|audiet]] quam [[:wikt:possum|potuerit]] suspicari. &lt;br&gt;

=[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Modus coniunctivus]] apud sensum collateralem finalem= 

'''Antequam''' et '''priusquam''' regunt modum coniunctivum si sententia lateralis sensum habet collateralem finalem.

==Sententia capitalis tempore capitali==

[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|Tempora capitalia]] sunt tempus praesens et tempora futura et praesens historicum.

#In primis rationem esse habendam [[:wikt:dico|dicunt]], '''priusquam''' eorum clandestina consilia effer'''a'''ntur, ut Caesar ab exercitu intercludatur. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber VII]]
#Vercingetorix, '''priusquam''' munitiones ab Romanis perfici'''a'''ntur [sensu finali], consilium [[:wikt:capio|capit]] omnem ab se equitatum noctu dimittere. [[w:Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber VII]]
# Venite, [[:wikt:facio|faciamus]] nobis civitatem et turrim ... et celebremus nomen nostrum '''antequam''' [[:wikt:divido|dividamur]] in universas terras. [[w:la:Biblia Vulgata]] (Genesis 11, 4)
#...'''antequam''' ... suffragia [[:wikt:colligo|colligantur]], qui Senatui tum praesidet, rerum statum ... [[:wikt:doceo|docebit]], ... [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

==Sententia capitalis tempore laterali==

[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|Tempora Lateralia]] sunt [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|tempus imperfectum]], [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|tempus perfectum]] et [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|tempus plusquamperfectum]].

;Tempus perfectum in sententia capitali

#Tamen silentio noctis Caesar ex castris egr'''essus''', '''priusquam''' subsidio ex oppido veniri [[:wikt:possum|posset]], ... [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber VII]]
#'''Priusquam''' perven'''irent''' ad eum, confixi concid'''erunt'''. ([[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], XIV, 9, 5)
#'''Priusquam''' te Phillippus [[:wikt:voco|vocaret]], [[:wikt:video|vidi]] te. [[w:la:Biblia Vulgata|Biblia vulgata]]
#Numquam inde '''prius''' [[:wikt:discedo|discessit]] '''quam''' ad finem sermo [[:wikt:adduco|esset adductus]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], XV. Epaminondas 3.
#...'''priusquam''' honoribus operam [[:wikt:do|daret]], versatus est in Sabinis... [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelii Nepotis]] vita Catonis. 

;Tempus imperfectum in sententia capitali
#...priusquam Lacedaemonii subsidio [[:wikt:venio|venirent]], dimicare utile [[:wikt:arbitror|arbitrabatur]]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], Miltiades V)

===Problemata===

;Caesar

#Conantibus, '''priusquam''' id effici [[:wikt:possum|posset]], adesse Romanos [[:wikt:nuntio|nuntiatur]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaii Iulii Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber VI]], 4

In sententia capitali est tempus praesens &quot;nuntiatur&quot; quod est tempus capitale. In sententia laterali cum &quot;priusquam&quot; non est expectatum tempus praesens aut [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]], sed [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfectum]]. 

#praesens historicum: Conantibus, priusquam id effici posset, adesse Romanos (nuntiatur=) '''nuntiatum est'''.
#...priusquam id effici posset, adesse Romanos ... [[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|Infinitivus]] (adesse) tempus collaterale, hic imperfectum (posset), regnat. 

Vide [[:w:Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann|Grammatica Germanorum Rubenbauer atque Hofmann]], ''Zeitgebung in konjunktivischen Nebensätzen''

;Spinoza

*Nam earum essentia idealis eadem [[:wikt:sum|est]], [[Grammatica Latina/postquam|postquam]] existere [[:wikt:incipio|inceperunt]], quam [[Grammatica Latina/antequam|antequam]] [[:wikt:exsisto|existerent]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

In sententia capitali est tempus praesens &quot;nuntiatur&quot; quod est tempus capitale. In sententia laterali cum &quot;priusquam&quot; non est expectatum tempus praesens aut perfectum, sed imperfectum.

Respondeo: Sententia supplenda est sic: &quot;Nam earum essentia idealis eadem [[:wikt:sum|est]], [[Grammatica Latina/postquam|postquam]] existere [[:wikt:incipio|inceperunt]], quam - '''[[:wikt:sum|erat]]''' - [[Grammatica Latina/antequam|antequam]] [[:wikt:exsisto|existerent]].&quot;

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Antequam]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Antequam]]</text>
      <sha1>qlm9dq5udhe5jy999t11i4a35ijg6ol</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1887</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7563</id>
      <parentid>5123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-02-25T20:23:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dexbot</username>
        <id>1626</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: removing existed iw links in Wikidata</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Lingua Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>mtx33ucw5dlpfaqrri2v68qnysm6yhn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1888</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8396</id>
      <parentid>8374</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-10-05T20:01:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tempora */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3035" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Grammatica Latina|Grammatica Latina]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

== Vocabula ==

=== Vocabula flexibilia ===

==== Nomina====

===== Substantiva =====

====== [[Grammatica Latina/Genus substantivorum|Genus]] ======

====== [[Grammatica Latina/Declinationes substantivorum|Declinationes]] ======

====== [[Grammatica Latina/Declinationes nominum locorum|Declinationes nominum locorum]] ======

====== Casus ======

#[[Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|Nominativus]]&lt;br&gt;
#[[Grammatica Latina/Genetivus|Genetivus]] sive genitivus&lt;br&gt;
#Dativus&lt;br&gt;
#[[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|Accusativus]]&lt;br&gt;
#Vocativus
#[[Grammatica Latina/Ablativus|Ablativus]]&lt;br&gt;
#Locativus

===== [[Grammatica Latina/Pronomina|Pronomina]] =====

===== Adiectiva =====

====== [[Grammatica Latina/Declinationes adiectivorum|Declinationes]] ======

====== Casus ======
#Nominativus 
#Genetivus
#Dativus
#Accusativus
#Vocativus
#Ablativus

====== [[Grammatica Latina/Comparatio adiectivorum|Comparatio]] ======

===== [[Grammatica Latina/Numeralia|Numeralia]] =====

==== Verba ====
=====[[Grammatica Latina/Numerus verborum|Numerus singularis et pluralis]]=====

=====[[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|Infinitivus]]=====

===== [[Grammatica Latina/Coniugationes|Coniugationes]] =====

===== Modi =====

#[[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|Modus indicativus]]
#[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Modus coniunctivus]]
#Modus imperativus

=====[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempora]]=====

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora]]

===Vocabula inflexibilia===

==== [[Grammatica Latina/Adverbia|Adverbia]] ====

==== [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Coniunctiones]] ====

== Sententiae ==

===Sententiae capitales===

===[[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae laterales|Sententiae laterales]]===

=== [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Coniunctiones]] ===

=== [[Grammatica Latina/Quaestiones|Quaestiones]] ===

=== [[Grammatica Latina/Oratio obliqua|Oratio obliqua]] ===
Si quis &lt;u&gt;post verba vel sentiendi vel declarandi (seu dicendi)&lt;/u&gt; ductum ''alterius'' cogitationis narrantem inducat, narrationem hanc '''oratio obliqua''' oriatur. In oratione obliquae sententiarum quaeque principalium, quae narrationem vel declarationem contineant, accusativo cum infinitivo exprimeantur, at sententiae secundariae coniunctivo.

&lt;u&gt;Verba sentiendi vel declarandi (seu dicendi):&lt;/u&gt;
* '''Sentio''', sentire: Exemplum: ''Sensimus tunc bene Luciam dixisse, quo etiam oratores alii gauderent; at neminem etiam hodie stultissimum esse, ut considerationes suas approbare nolit.''
* '''Puto''', putare: Exemplum: ''Putatur generatim febrem medicamento prorsus abire, nisi aeger in loco frigido permaneat.''

=Libri=

*[[Grammatica Latina/Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann|Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/System-Grammatik Latein|Grammatica Latina Germanice scripta ''System-Grammatik Latein'']]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Throm: Lateinische Grammatik]]

=[[:Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Index]]=

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina|!]]</text>
      <sha1>9cf8fgfrn07w39fg6i4haifse3opulo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Libri</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1889</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4305</id>
      <timestamp>2006-10-12T14:25:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>The Doc</username>
        <id>36</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Vicilibri]]</text>
      <sha1>apen68v5elqkabq1gx9cc09htr95vj9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Islandice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1892</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7876</id>
      <parentid>7572</parentid>
      <timestamp>2017-06-27T17:28:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>fmt</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1120" xml:space="preserve">Haec est glossarium linguae Islandicae, vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Islandensis|lingua Islandica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Vocabularium
|-
! Islandice
! Latine
|-
| miki-ll -l -ð
| magn-us -a -um
|-
| góð-ur - gott
| bon-us -a -um
|-
| slæm-ur - -t
| mal-us -a -um
|-
| stelpa f.
| puell-a f.
|-
| strákur m.
| puer m.
|-
| skól-i m.
| lūd-us m.
|-
| herbergi n.
| triclīni-um n.
|-
| '''(að) vera'''&lt;br /&gt;(ég) er&lt;br /&gt;(þú) ert&lt;br /&gt;[skól-inn] er&lt;br /&gt;(við) erum&lt;br /&gt;(þið) erið&lt;br /&gt;[skól-arnir] eru
| '''esse'''&lt;br /&gt;(ego) sum&lt;br /&gt;(tū) es&lt;br /&gt;[lūd-us] est&lt;br /&gt;(nōs) sumus&lt;br /&gt;(vōs) estis&lt;br /&gt;[lūd-ī] sunt
|}


maður= ''homo, vir''&lt;br /&gt;
kona= ''femina''&lt;br /&gt;
hús= ''domus''&lt;br /&gt;
móðir (formal), mamma= ''mater''&lt;br /&gt;
faðir (formal), pabbi= ''pater''&lt;br /&gt;
hæ (informal), hæhæ (informal), halló, góðan daginn, góðan dag= ''salve''&lt;br /&gt;
bæ (informal), bæbæ (informal), vertu sæll (ad vir), vertu sæl (ad femina)= ''vale''&lt;br /&gt;
hönd (pluralis: hendur)= ''manus''&lt;br /&gt;
brjóst= ''mamma''&lt;br /&gt;

[[Categoria:Islandice]]</text>
      <sha1>6yobnt3sn3ypa7bf4dryfkxbvs94tgj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Linguae</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1893</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7559</id>
      <parentid>6634</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-02-25T04:08:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Romaine</username>
        <id>225</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>--&gt; Wikidata</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Libri]]</text>
      <sha1>hsle0pgtaydylqyu7nb9djhi11ly7cr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Islandice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1894</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4340</id>
      <parentid>4325</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-10-21T23:52:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Ablativus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1895</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7000</id>
      <parentid>6999</parentid>
      <timestamp>2012-01-06T14:33:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ablativus limitationis */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1412" xml:space="preserve">'''Ablativus''' plura genera habet:

=Ablativus ''limitationis''=
[[File:Turris Borghese 1.JPG|thumb|VETUSTA [[wikt:nomen|NOMINE]] GRATISSIMA HAUSTU]]

=Ablativus ''locativus''=

*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?#Unde?|Unde?]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?#Ubi?|Ubi?]]

=Ablativus ''mensurae'' sive ''discriminis''=
*: Hic populus ''quingentis'' passuum ''milibus'' ab Utopia distat orientem solem versus. ([[w:Thomas Morus]], [[w:Utopia]])

=Ablativus ''temporalis''=

==Ablativi temporales mensium (nominativus)==
*mensi Ianuario (mensis Ianuarius, -is, m.)
*mensi Februario (mensis Februarius)
*mensi Martio (mensis Martius)
*mensi Aprili (mensis Aprilis)
*mensi Maio (mensis Maius)
*mensi Iunio (mensis Iunius)
*mensi Iulio (mensis Iulius)
*mensi Augusto (mensis Augustus)
*mensi Septembri (mensis September)
*mensi Octobri (mensis October)
*mensi Novembri (mensis November)
*mensi Decembri (mensis December)

=Ablativus ''separativus''=

Cum praepositione „a“, si distantia ab aliquo loco refertur:
*: Zama quinque dierum iter ''a Carthagine'' abest. 
*: Procul a, prope a, longe a.
*: Hic populus quingentis passuum milibus ''ab Utopia'' distat orientem solem versus. ([[w:Thomas Morus]], [[w:Utopia]])

=Ablativus instrumentalis=

==Ablativus modi==

Locutiones:

*[[Grammatica Latina/nomine|nomine]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Ablativus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Ablativus]]</text>
      <sha1>8ynsvhs1guc8q3tlbctr6jir48a3ebd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Quaestiones</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1896</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7816</id>
      <parentid>6036</parentid>
      <timestamp>2016-08-31T09:18:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Particula interrogativa */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2336" xml:space="preserve">'''Quaestiones'''

=Quaestiones directae=

==Pronomina et Adverbia interrogativa==

===Qui?===

*Deinde [[:wikt:qui|qui]] [[:wikt:fio|fieri]] [[:wikt:possum|potuit]], [[Grammatica Latina/ut|ut]] ipse primus homo, qui mentis compos erat, et suae voluntatis dominus, seduceretur, et mente [[:wikt:patior|pateretur]] capi? ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===Quaestiones locativae===

*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?|Unde? Ubi? Quo?]]

==Particula interrogativa==

===[[:wikt:-ne|-ne]]:===

Responsio expecta est aut &quot;non&quot; aut &quot;ita&quot;.

===[[:wikt:nonne|nonne]]:===

Responsio expecta est &quot;ita&quot;.

*[[:wikt:nonne|Nonne]] enim [diabolus] se ipsum, qui Mentem sanam habebat, suumque esse, quantum in se erat, conservare [[:wikt:conor|conabatur]]? ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===[[:wikt:num|num]]:===

Responsio expecta est &quot;non&quot;.

*'''Num'''quid iniquitas est apud deum? (Biblia)

==Quaestiones duplices==
*[[:wikt:utrum|utrum]]...[[:wikt:an|an]]

= Quaestiones indirectae =

Quaestiones indirectae semper cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modo coniunctivo]] sunt. 

*&quot;Saepe et multum hoc mecum cogitavi, boni[[:wikt:-ne|ne]] [[:wikt:an|an]] mali plus [[:wikt:affero|attulerit]] hominibus et civitatibus copia dicendi ac summum eloquentiae studium.&quot; [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]], [[s:De inventione - Liber I]] 

*...conclamavit: [[:wikt:quis|quid]] ad se [[:wikt:venio|venirent]]? [[:wikt:an|an]] speculandi causa? [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]], 47, [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesar]]

*In Theoria motus corporum  coelestium ostendimus, [[:wikt:quomodo|quomodo]] valores incognitarum maxime probabiles eruendi [[:wikt:sum|sint]], ... [[Grammatica Latina/Carolus Fridericus Gauss|Carolus Fridericus Gauss]] [http://books.google.de/books?id=gitlWjTyz6QC&amp;pg=PA30&amp;lpg=PA30&amp;dq=methodus+quadratorum&amp;source=web&amp;ots=oh-B9L8-d5&amp;sig=sqEB5TsLmPO5QHO6ktZM2Kh8XUw&amp;hl=de#PPA30,M1 Theoria observationis observationum minimis erroribus obnoxiae]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina|Quaestiones]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Quaestiones]]</text>
      <sha1>7osx6j9o7t2ur9y7qlacjx1ksgf7ksj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Adverbia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8269</id>
      <parentid>8247</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-04-29T20:53:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="744" xml:space="preserve">'''Adverbia''' ad verba pertinent, sed nonnumquam etiam ad adiectiva vel ad alia adverba.

Vide etiam [[:wikt:Categoria:Adverbia Latina]]

*[[:wikt:adhuc|adhuc]]

*:Quod ab aliquot [[:wikt:abhinc|abhinc]] annos '''[[:wikt:adhuc|adhuc]]''' non expecto. ([[w:Thomas Morus]], [[w:Utopia]])

*[[:wikt:abhinc|abhinc]]

*:Quod ab aliquot '''[[:wikt:abhinc|abhinc]]''' annos [[:wikt:adhuc|adhuc]] non expecto. ([[w:Thomas Morus]], [[w:Utopia]])

*[[:wikt:deinde|deinde]] 
*[[:wikt:etiam|etiam]] 
* infra / ab infra
*[[:wikt:hactenus|hactenus]]
*[[:wikt:nondum|nondum]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/quam|quam]]
*[[:wikt:retro|retro]]
* supra / a supra
*[[:wikt:tum|tum]]


[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina|Adverbia]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Adverbia]]</text>
      <sha1>sj47omrjj3wldw8yf0ra9xsj6kqyvtq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1898</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6229</id>
      <parentid>5999</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-03T12:56:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="606" xml:space="preserve">'''Coniunctiones''' partes sententiarum coniungunt.

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Coniunctiones Latinae]]

*[[Grammatica Latina/antequam|antequam]] et priusquam
*[[Grammatica Latina/cum|cum]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/postquam|postquam]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/quamquam|quamquam]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/quod|quod]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|si]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/simulac|simulac]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/sive - sive|sive - sive]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/tametsi|tametsi]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/ut|ut]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|!]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Coniunctiones]]</text>
      <sha1>c2c63orbe6mjxvm3cn180you07s7o6q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Lingua Latina</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>1900</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7560</id>
      <parentid>7206</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-02-25T06:20:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Romaine</username>
        <id>225</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>--&gt; Wikidata</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/cum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1901</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10186</id>
      <parentid>7824</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-02T11:40:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* &quot;Cum&quot; cum modo indicativo: */ File:Cum tacent clamant.svg</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4582" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:cum|cum]]''' [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|coniunctio]] est (inter alia).

=&quot;Cum&quot; cum modo indicativo:=
[[Fasciculus:Cum tacent clamant.svg|thumb|Cum tacent clamant.]]
*'''cum temporale''' - vide autem &quot;cum historicum&quot;

:= eo tempore quo

*'''cum identicum'''

*'''cum sententiam amplius ducens''' (cum interea, cum tamen):

Forsitan (?): Ammianus Marcellinus: Ambitioso diademate utebatur '''cum''' inter exordia principatus [[:wikt:sum|erat]] xystarchae similis purpurato. - ''während (doch)''

*'''cum explicativum/coincidens'''

Qua de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt, quod fere cotidianis proeliis cum Germanis contendunt, '''cum''' aut suis finibus eos [[:wikt:prohibeo|prohibent]] aut ipsi in eorum finibus bellum [[:wikt:gero|gerunt]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaius Iulius Caesar]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]

=&quot;Cum&quot; cum modo coniunctivo:=

==cum causale==

'''cum causale''', etiam &quot;praesertim cum&quot;. Nota bene e contrario &quot;quod causale&quot; seu &quot;quia&quot; cum modo indicativo.

*His [[:wikt:cum|cum]] sua sponte persuadere non [[:wikt:possum|possent]], legatos ad Dumnorigem Haeduum mittunt, ut eo deprecatore a Sequanis impetrarent. [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
*Haedui, [[:wikt:cum|cum]] se suaque ab iis defendere non [[:wikt:possum|possent]], legatos ad Caesarem [[:wikt:mitto|mittunt]] rogatum auxilium: ... [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
*[[:wikt:cum|Cum]] se iuste [[:wikt:defendeo|defenderet]], tandem abiit innoxius. ([[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]])
*Illius sermo non potuit exquisitus esse, [[:wikt:cum|cum]] [[:wikt:sum|esset]] subitarius et extemporalis. ([[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]])
*Unde fit, [[:wikt:ut|ut]] [[:wikt:cum|cum]] [[:wikt:omnis|omnes]] pariter [[:wikt:appeto|appetant]] [[:wikt:primus|primi]] [[:wikt:sum|esse]], in contentiones veniant. [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

==cum adversativum==

'''cum adversativum''' et '''cum concessivum''':
*Sed nescio quo modo, '''cum''' eum nemo [[:wikt:anteeo|anteiret]] his virtutibus, multi nobilitate praecurrerunt. ([[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], classica Latinitate) 

*[[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]] autem (postclassica Latinitate): Ambitioso diademate utebatur '''cum''' inter exordia principatus [[:wikt:sum|erat]] xystarchae similis purpurato. - ''whereas''

==cum historicum==

'''cum historicum''' - vide autem &quot;cum temporale&quot;:
*[[:wikt:cum|Cum]] civitas ob eam rem incitata armis ius suum exequi [[:wikt:conor|conaretur]] multitudinemque hominum ex agris magistratus [[:wikt:cogo|cogerent]], Orgetorix mortuus est. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
*Caesari [[:wikt:cum|cum]] id [[:wikt:nuntio|nuntiatum esset]], eos per provinciam nostram iter facere conari, maturat ab urbe proficisci et quam maximis potest itineribus in Galliam ulteriorem contendit et ad Genavam pervenit. [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
*Hic pagus unus, [[:wikt:cum|cum]] domo [[:wikt:exeo|exisset]], patrum nostrorum memoria L. Cassium consulem [[:wikt:interficio|interfecerat]] et eius exercitum sub iugum [[:wikt:mitto|miserat]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesaris]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
*Hic enim [[:wikt:cum|cum]] Phylen [[:wikt:confugio|confugisset]], quod est castellum in Attica minutissimum, non plus [[:wikt:habeo|habuit]] secum triginta de suis. ([[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]]) 
*Saec16: Et reliqua sane quae ad Ciceronem imitandum spectant aut ex iis percipi possunt qui prudenter hac de re scriperunt, Quntiliano, Ioanne Francisco Pico, Vive, Longolio, Paulo Cortesio, Bembo, Bartholomaeo Ricio, Julio Casare Scaligero, qui etiam contra Ciceronianum Erasmi scripsit, ne quid dicam de Bruto, Salustio et aliis quibus, [[:wikt:cum|cum]] olim minus [[:wikt:probo|probaretur]] Ciceronis stylus, ii nonnulla in eo notarunt quae ad hanc rem faciunt; .... [[Antonius Possevinus]], cf. &quot;Ciceronian Controversies&quot;, ed. Joann Dellaneva, Cambridge, London 2007, p. 190.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Cum]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Cum]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1959</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6570</id>
      <parentid>6569</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-12-29T00:48:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>200.100.51.75</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1909" xml:space="preserve">:'''Sic, Ita, Rēctē''' = Sim   
:'''Nōn, Minimē''' = Não   
:'''Grātiās''' = Obrigado(a)   
:'''Grātiās multās''' = Muito obrigado(a)   
:'''Salūtātiō''' = De nada   
:'''Sīs, Quæsō''' = Se faz favor   
:'''Mē excūsā''' = Com licença
:'''Ignosce mihi''' = Desculpa-me(tu), Desculpe-me(você)    
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Olá, oi  
:'''Valē, Valēte''' = Adeus, Tchau   
:'''Avē''' = Até já; Até logo   
:'''Salvē''' = Bom dia, Boa tarde, Boa noite

:'''Nōn intellegō.''' = Não percebo; Não entendo; Não entendi (tempus perfectus) 
:'''Quōmodo Lūsitānicē hoc dīcis? Quōmodo Lūsitānicē hoc dīcitur?''' = Como é que se diz isso em português?   
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Tu falas ... ; Você fala ... 
:'''Anglicē''' = inglês   
:'''Gallicē''' = francês   
:'''Germānicē, Theodiscē''' = alemão   
:'''Hispānicē''' = espanhol   
:'''Sinicē''' = chinês 

:'''Ego''' = Eu   
:'''Nōs''' = Nós   
:'''Tū''' = Tu   
:'''Tū''' = Você (Brasilia) 
:'''Is''' = Ele (m), Ela (f)  
:'''Vōs''' = Vocês (Brasila); Vós (Portogallia)   
:'''Eī''' = Eles(m), Elas (f)   
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = Como é que (tu) te chamas?  Como é que você se chama? 
:'''Suāve est tibi occurrere. Suāve tē cognōscere est.''' = Prazer em conhecer-te.   
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs?''' = Como estás (tu)?; Como vai(você)?  
:'''Bene''' = Bem   
:'''Male''' = Mal   
:'''Admodum bene, Haud ita multum valeō''' = Mais ou menos  

:'''Uxor''' = Mulher, esposa  
:'''Marītus''' = Marido, esposo   
:'''Fīlia''' = Filha   
:'''Fīlius''' = Filho   
:'''Māter''' = Mãe   
:'''Pater''' = Pai   
:'''Amīcus (m), Amīca (f)''' = Amigo (m), Amiga (f)  

:'''Ubi sut latrinæ? Ubi sunt loca sēcrēta? Ubi est conclāve necessārium?''' = Onde é o quarto de banho? Onde é a casa de banho? Onde é o banheiro? (Brasilia)

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1960</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6574</id>
      <parentid>6573</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-12-29T01:06:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>200.100.51.75</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1020" xml:space="preserve">:'''nihil, zerum''' = zero   
:'''unus''' = um, uma   
:'''duo''' = dois, duas   
:'''tres''' = três   
:'''quattuor''' = quatro   
:'''quinque''' = cinco   
:'''sex''' = seis   
:'''septem''' = sete   
:'''octo''' = oito   
:'''novem''' = nove   
:'''decem''' = dez

:'''undecim''' = onze   
:'''duodecim''' = doze   
:'''tredecim''' = treze   
:'''quattuordecim''' = catorze, quatorze  
:'''quindecim''' = quinze   
:'''sedecim''' = dezasseis, dezesseis   
:'''septendecim''' = dezassete, dezessete   
:'''duodeviginti''' = dezoito   
:'''undeviginti''' = dezanove, dezenove   
:'''viginti''' = vinte   
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti'''  = vinte e um  

:'''triginta''' = trinta   
:'''quadraginta''' = quarenta   
:'''quinquaginta''' = cinquenta   
:'''sexaginta''' = sessenta   
:'''septuaginta''' = setenta   
:'''octoginta''' = oitenta   
:'''nonaginta''' = noventa   
:'''centum''' = cem, cento   
:'''mille''' = mil   
:'''decies centena milia''' = um milhão

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1961</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6566</id>
      <parentid>4945</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-12-29T00:30:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>200.100.51.75</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1480" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = Quanto custa?   
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = Que é isto?   
:'''Id emam.''' = Vou comprar.   
:'''Emere volo ...''' = Eu queria comprar...   
:'''Habesne ...''' = O senhor têm ...; Tu tens?   
:'''chartulas credit asccipis?''' = Os senhores aceitam cartão de crédito?   
:'''Apertus''' = Aberto (m), Aberta (f)   
:'''Occlusus''' = Fechado (m), Fechada (f)   
:'''Tabella''' = Postal   
:'''Vectura''' = Selos   
:'''Parvus''' = Pouco (m), (Pouca f)   
:'''Multus''' = Muito (m), (Muita f)   
:'''Omnia''' = Todo (m), Toda (f); Tudo  

:'''Prandium''' = Pequeno-almoço   
:'''Merenda''' = Almoço   
:'''Cena''' = Jantar   
:'''Vegetarius''' = Vegetariano m), Vegetariana(f)   
:'''Purus''' = Koscher   
:'''Sanitas bona! Bene tibi!''' = Tchim-tchim! Saude!   
:'''Pretium fer.''' = A conta, se faz favor.  

:'''Panis''' = Pão   
:'''Potio''' = Bebidas   
:'''Coffea Arabica, Faba Arabica''' = Café   
:'''Thea''' = Chá   
:'''Sucus''' = Sumo, suco  
:'''Aqua''' = Água   
:'''Cerevisia''' = Cerveja   
:'''Vinum''' = Vinho   
:'''Sal''' = Sal 
:'''Piper''' = Pimenta   
:'''Caro''' = Carne   
:'''Bubula Caro''' = Bife   
:'''Porcina''' = Porco   
:'''Piscis''' = Peixe   
:'''Aves cohortales''' = Aves   
:'''Holus''' = Vegetais   
:'''Fructus''' = Fruta   
:'''Solanum tuberosum''' = Batata   
:'''Acetaria''' = Salada   
:'''Bellaria''' = Sobremesa   
:'''Lac gellidum, Gelatum''' = Sorvete, Gelado

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1962</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4941</id>
      <parentid>4855</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:49:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria, nexus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1410" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ubi est ...?''' = ''Onde é ...?'', ''Onde está ...?'', ''Onde fica ...?''   
:'''Quantum vectura est? Quanti tessera constat?''' = ''Quanto é que custa o bilhete?''
:'''Tessera''' = ''Bilhete'' (Portugallia); ''Passagem'' (Brasilia)
:'''Una tessera ad ...''' = ''Um bilhete para ..., por favor.''
:'''Quo vadis?''' = ''Para onde é que vai?''
:'''Ubi habitas?''' = ''Onde é que mora?''

:'''tramen''' = ''Comboio'' (Portugallia); ''Trem'' (Brasilia)
:'''laophorum, autoraeda omnibus''' = ''Autocarro'' (Portugallia); ''Ônibus'' (Brasilia)
:'''ferrivia metropolitana''' = ''Metrô''
:'''aeroportus''' = ''Aeroporto''
:'''statio ferriviaria''' = ''Estação de caminho de ferro'' (Portugallia); ''Estação de trem'' vel ''Estação ferroviária'' (Brasilia)
:'''statio laophorica''' = ''Estação rodoviária'' vel ''Rodoviária'' (Brasilia)
:'''Statio metropolitana''' = ''Estação de metrô''
:'''Abitus''' = ''Partida'' vel ''Saída''
:'''Adventus''' = ''Chegada''
:'''autoraedae locandae''' = ''Agência de aluguer de carros'' (Portugallia); ''Locadora de automóveis'' (Brasilia)
:'''Area stativa''' = Estacionamento

:'''Hospitium, Deversorium''' = Hotel
:'''Conclave''' = Quarto
:'''Condicia''' = Reserva
:'''Suntne inanitates ullae?''' = Há vagas para hoje à noite?
:'''Nulla vacuitas''' = Não há vagas

:'''Diploma, Chartula''' = Passaporte

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>8hm14pz2ax8tgvgea4whln8el1weupz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Mandata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1963</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4943</id>
      <parentid>4857</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:51:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="450" xml:space="preserve">:'''Laeva, Sinister''' = À esquerda   
:'''Dextra''' = À direita   
:'''In derectum''' = A direito   
:'''Sursum''' = Para cima; Acima   
:'''Deorsum''' = Para baixo; Abaixo   
:'''Procul''' = Longe   
:'''Prope''' = Perto   
:'''Longus''' = Longo (m), Longa (f)   
:'''Brevis''' = Curto (m), Curta (f)   
:'''Tabula geographica''' = Mapa   
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Informações de Turismo

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>re9p9txcvbdfd4ft7c4e9mytgk0un9v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Tempus et diem ascribere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1964</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6575</id>
      <parentid>4944</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-12-29T01:12:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>200.100.51.75</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1531" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quota hora est?''' = Que horas são?   
:'''7:13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, Sete e treze   
:'''3:15, tres:quindecim''' = 3:15, Três e quinze   
:'''3:15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, Três um quarto   
:'''11:30, undecim:triginta''' = 11:30, Onze e trinta   
:'''11:30, hora undecima minuta tricesima''' = 11:30, Onze e meia   
:'''1:45, unus:quadraginta-quinque''' = 1:45, Uma e quarenta e cinco   
:'''1:45, hora prima et dodrante''' = 1:45, Um quarto para as duas  

:'''Dies''' = Dia   
:'''Septimana, Hebdomas''' = Semana   
:'''Mensis''' = Mês 
:'''Annus''' = Ano  

:'''Dies Lunae''' = Segunda-feira, Segunda   
:'''Dies Martis''' = Terça-feira, Terça   
:'''Dies Mercurii''' = Quarta-feira, Quarta   
:'''Dies Iovis''' = Quinta-feira, Quinta   
:'''Dies Veneris''' = Sexta-feira, Sexta   
:'''Dies Saturni, Sabbatum''' = Sábado   
:'''Dies Dominica, Dies Solis''' = Domingo  

:'''Ianuarius''' = Janeiro   
:'''Februarius''' = Fevereiro   
:'''Martius''' = Março   
:'''Aprilis''' = Abril   
:'''Maius''' = Maio 
:'''Iunius''' = Junho   
:'''Iulius''' = Julho   
:'''Augustus''' = Agosto   
:'''September''' = Setembro   
:'''October''' = Outubro 
:'''November''' = Novembro   
:'''December''' = Dezembro  

:'''Ver''' = Primavera   
:'''Aestas''' = Verão   
:'''Autumnus''' = Outono   
:'''hiems''' = Inverno  

:'''Hodie''' = Hoje   
:'''Heri''' = Ontem   
:'''Cras''' = Amanhã  

:'''Dies natalis''' = Aniversário, Dia de Anos, Anos

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>n3omqgh90nje5opnh8b0dv5v7h056uu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1965</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6809</id>
      <parentid>6808</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-10-08T03:16:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>71.138.213.62</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Enuntationes priores */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2032" xml:space="preserve">==Enuntationes priores==
:'''Ita (verō), Rēctē, Est, Sīc''' = Yes 
:'''Non, Minime''' = No 
:'''Grātiās agō''' = Thank you 
:'''Grātiās multās agō''' = Thank you very much 
:'''Ad voluntātem''' = You're welcome 
:'''Sīs / Quaesō / Amābo tē / Sī placet''' = Please 
:'''Mē excūsa / Ignōsce mihi''' = Excuse me 
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Hello, Goodbye; Good morning/evening, etc.
:'''Valē, Valēte / Avē, Avēte''' = Goodbye, Hello

==Linguae==
:'''Non intellegō.''' = I do not understand 
:'''Quōmodo anglicē hoc dicunt/dicitur?''' = How do you say this in [English]? 
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Do you speak ...  
:'''Anglicē''' = English
:'''Francogallicē''' = French  
:'''Theodiscē''' = German  
:'''Graecē''' = Greek
:'''Hispānicē''' = Spanish  
:'''Ītalicē''' = Italian
:'''Sinicē''' = Chinese 
:'''Indicē''' = Hindi

==Personae==
:'''Ego''' = I  
:'''Tū''' = You   
:'''Is / Ea / Id''' = He / She / It 
:'''Nōs''' = We 
:'''Vōs''' = You (pl.), Y'all, Yous
:'''Eī / Eae / Ea''' = They 

==Conversatio==
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = What is your name? 
:'''Gaudeō tē vidēre.''' = Nice to meet you. 
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs? Ut valēs? Qui valēs''' = How are you?
:'''Valeō / Bene mihi est / Rēctē / Bellē/ Mē bene Habeō''' = I'm fine
:'''Bene''' = Well
:'''Perbellē / Bellissimē''' = Very well
:'''Male''' = Bad  
:'''Admodum bene / Variē''' = So so
:'''Quid vis?''' = What do you want?
:'''Quid novi?''' = What's new?
:'''Cūrā ut valeās''' = Take care of yourself
:'''Molliter cubes''' = Good night

==Familia==
:'''Uxor''' = Wife  
:'''Maritus''' = Husband  
:'''Fīlia''' = Daughter  
:'''Fīlius''' = Son  
:'''Māter''' = Mother  
:'''Pater''' = Father  
:'''Soror''' = Sister
:'''Frater''' = Brother
:'''Amīcus / Amīca''' = Friend
:'''Avunculus''' = Uncle
:'''Avus / Ava''' = Grandfather / Grandmother

==Loci==
:'''Ubī sunt loca sēcrēta? Ubī est sēcessus?''' = Where is the bathroom? Where is the toilet?

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>hyut5o3452wqgg6698itk8e0p7qqunc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1966</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4964</id>
      <parentid>4863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:21:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="931" xml:space="preserve">:'''nihil, zero''' = zero  
:'''unus''' = one  
:'''duo''' = two  
:'''tres''' = three  
:'''quattuor''' = four 
:'''quinque''' = five  
:'''sex''' = six 
:'''septem''' = seven  
:'''octo''' = eight  
:'''novem''' = nine 
:'''decem''' = ten 

:'''undecim''' = eleven  
:'''duodecim''' = twelve  
:'''tredecim''' = thirteen 
:'''quattuordecim''' = fourteen  
:'''quindecim''' = fifteen  
:'''sedecim''' = sixteen  
:'''septendecim''' = seventeen 
:'''duodeviginti''' = eighteen 
:'''undeviginti''' = nineteen  
:'''viginti''' = twenty  
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti''' = twenty one

:'''triginta''' = thirty 
:'''quadraginta''' = forty 
:'''quinquaginta''' = fifty 
:'''sexaginta''' = sixty  
:'''septuaginta''' = seventy  
:'''octoginta''' = eighty 
:'''nonaginta''' = ninety 
:'''centum''' = one hundred  
:'''mille''' = one thousand  
:'''decies centena milia''' = one million

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>pc0h3700snz5na8qhhu7o11rxem0sch</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1967</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6112</id>
      <parentid>6105</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:54:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1324" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = How much does this cost?  
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = What is this?  
:'''Id emam.''' = I'll buy it. 
:'''Emere volo ...''' = I would like to buy ...  
:'''Habesne ...''' = Do you have ...  
:'''chartulas fidei accipis?''' = Do you accept credit cards?   
:'''Apertus''' = Open 
:'''Occlusus''' = Closed  
:'''Charta postalis''' = Postcard   
:'''Tessera epistularis''' = Stamps   
:'''Pauci''' = A little 
:'''Multi''' = A lot  
:'''Omnes''' = All 

:'''Ieiunium''' = Breakfast   
:'''Prandium''' = Lunch  
:'''Cena''' = Dinner   
:'''Vegetarius''' = Vegetarian  
:'''Purus''' = Kosher 
:'''Bene te!''' = Cheers!  
:'''Rationem affer, quaeso.''' = Please bring the bill.  

:'''Panis''' = Bread 
:'''Potio''' = Beverage   
:'''Cafea (Arabica)''' = Coffee   
:'''Thea''' = Tea  
:'''Sucus''' = Juice 
:'''Aqua''' = Water
:'''Aqua mineralis''' = Mineral Water 
:'''Cervisia''' = Beer   
:'''Vinum''' = Wine  
:'''Sal''' = Salt   
:'''Piper''' = Pepper  
:'''Caro''' = Meat   
:'''Bubula Caro''' = Beef  
:'''Porcina''' = Pork   
:'''Piscis''' = Fish   
:'''Aves cohortales''' = Poultry   
:'''Holus''' = Vegetable  
:'''Pomum''' = Fruit   
:'''Patata''' = Potato   
:'''Acetaria''' = Salad  
:'''Bellaria''' = Dessert   
:'''Glacies, Gelatum''' = Ice cream

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>cdcyapsb2k4069k2j28yf28e0y2otln</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1968</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6857</id>
      <parentid>5456</parentid>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:06:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1168" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ubi est ...?''' = Where is ...?   
:'''Quantum vectura est? Quanti tessera constat?''' = How much is the fare?   
:'''Tessera''' = Ticket   
:'''Una tessera ad ..., quaeso''' = One ticket to ..., please.   
:'''Quo vadis?''' = Where are you going?   
:'''Ubi habitas?''' = Where do you live?  

:'''automobilis''' = auto
:'''Trenum''', '''hamaxostychus''' = Train   
:'''Laophorum, autobus, autoraeda longa, coenautocinetum''' = Bus   
:'''Ferrivia subterranea''' = Subway, Underground   
:'''Aeroportus''' = Airport   
:'''Statio ferriviaria''' = Railway station   
:'''Statio autobusica''' = Bus station   
:'''Statio subterranea''' = Subway station, Underground station   
:'''Abitus''' = Departure   
:'''Adventus''' = Arrival   
:'''Autoraedae locandae''' = Car rental agency   
:'''Area stativa''' = Parking
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Tourist information

:'''Albergum, Deversorium, Hospitium''' = Hotel   
:'''Conclave''' = Room   
:'''Condicia''' = Reservation   
:'''Suntne cubicula libera?''' = Are there any vacancies for tonight?   
:'''Nulla sunt''' = No vacancies  

:'''Syngraphus''' = Passport

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>l4prp5gyx4nh7339q7d9kbg4ug5fcwd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Mandata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1969</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4962</id>
      <parentid>4873</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:20:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="369" xml:space="preserve">:'''Laeva, Sinister''' = Left   
:'''Dextra''' = Right   
:'''In derectum''' = Straight   
:'''Sursum''' = Up   
:'''Deorsum''' = Down   
:'''Procul''' = Far   
:'''Prope''' = Near   
:'''Longus''' = Long   
:'''Brevis''' = Short   
:'''Tabula geographica''' = Map   
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Tourist Information

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>n53xu9mja2nrfson4wlw2ee1d9qsmwv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Loca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1970</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4963</id>
      <parentid>4869</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:21:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="807" xml:space="preserve">:'''Deribitorium''' = Post office   
:'''Museum''' = Museum   
:'''Argentaria''' = Bank   
:'''Casa vigilum, Sedes custòdum''' = Police station   
:'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = Hospital   
:'''Pharmacopolium, Medicamentarii taberna''' = Pharmacy, Chemists   
:'''Taberna''' = Store, Shop   
:'''Caupona, Popina''' = Restaurant   
:'''Ludus / Schola''' =  Elementary school / School   
:'''Ecclesia''' = Church   
:'''Secessus / Loca secreta''' = Restrooms   
:'''Via''' = Street   
:'''Forum''' = Square, Market   
:'''Mons''' = Mountain   
:'''Collis''' = Hill   
:'''Vallis''' = Valley   
:'''Mare''' = Ocean   
:'''Lacus''' = Lake   
:'''Flumen / Fluvius''' = River   
:'''Piscina''' = Swimming Pool   
:'''Turris''' = Tower   
:'''Pons''' = Bridge

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>4p5ekot73ljqhslpf0nnjda4fap66ru</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice/Tempus et diem ascribere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1971</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6810</id>
      <parentid>4965</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-10-08T03:23:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>71.138.213.62</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1363" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quota hora est?''' = What time is it?   
:'''h7 min13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, Seven thirteen   
:'''h3 min15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, Three fifteen, A quarter past three   
:'''h11 min30, hora undecima et dimidia''' = 11:30, Eleven thirty,  Half past eleven      
:'''h1 min45, hora prima et dodrante''' = 1:45, One forty-five, A quarter till two  

:'''Dies''' = Day   
:'''Septimana / Hebdomas''' = Week 
:'''Mensis''' = Month   
:'''Annus''' = Year  

:'''Dies Lunae''' = Monday   
:'''Dies Martis''' = Tuesday   
:'''Dies Mercurii''' = Wednesday   
:'''Dies Iovis''' = Thursday   
:'''Dies Veneris''' = Friday   
:'''Dies Saturni, Sabbatum''' = Saturday   
:'''Dies Solis, Dies Dominica''' = Sunday  

:'''Ianuarius''' = January   
:'''Februarius''' = February   
:'''Martius''' = March   
:'''Aprilis''' = April   
:'''Maius''' = May   
:'''Iunius''' = June   
:'''Quinctilis, (Iulius)''' = July   
:'''Sextilis, (Augustus)''' = August   
:'''September''' = September   
:'''October''' = October   
:'''November''' = November   
:'''December''' = December  

:'''Ver''' = Spring   
:'''Aestas''' = Summer   
:'''Autumnus''' = Fall, Autumn   
:'''Hiems''' = Winter

:'''Hodie''' = Today   
:'''Heri''' = Yesterday   
:'''Cras''' = Tomorrow  

:'''Dies natalis''' = Birthday

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>pajfa96hhmz1mo8fw9wne6oyhn6wm91</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Saxonice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1972</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6054</id>
      <parentid>4952</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-03-18T04:45:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>141.41.96.105</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1549" xml:space="preserve">Verba principalia Saxonice

:'''Ita, Rēctē''' = Jo
:'''Nōn, Minimē''' = Nee   
:'''Grātiās''' = Dank di   
:'''Grātiās multās''' = Dank di schöön
:'''Salūtātiō''' = Gröten 
:'''Sīs, Quæsō''' = Wees so good. Bitte 
:'''Mē excūsā''' = Tschulligung 
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Moin Moin   
:'''Valē, Valēte''' = Atschüss, Tschüss
:'''Avē''' = Moin Moin 
:'''Salvē''' = Moin Moin, Goden Dag, Goden Avend, 'N Avend

:'''Nōn intellegō.''' = Ik verstah nich.
:'''Quōmodo Latīnā linguā hoc dīcis? Quōmodo Latīnē hoc dīcitur?''' = Woans seggst du dat op Latiensch? Wo warrt dat op Latiensch seggt?   
:'''Loquerisne …''' = Snackst du ...?
:'''Anglicē''' = Engelsch
:'''Gallicē''' = Franzöösch  
:'''Germānicē''' = Düütsch   
:'''Hispānicē''' = Spaansch   
:'''Sinicē''' = Kineesch 

:'''Ego''' = Ik
:'''Meus''' = Mien
:'''mē''', '''mihi''' = Mi
:'''Nōs''' = Wi   
:'''Tū''' = Du   
:'''Vōs''' = Ji
:'''Eī''' = Se
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = Wat is dien Naam? Wo heets du?
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs?''' = Wat maakst du? Wo geiht di dat?  
:'''Bene''' = Good 
:'''Male''' = Slecht   
:'''Admodum bene, Haud ita multum valeō''' = Geiht so.

:'''Uxor''' = Wiev, Fru
:'''Marītus''' = verheraadt   
:'''Fīlia''' = Dochter
:'''Fīlius''' = Söhn   
:'''Māter''' = Moder, Mudder 
:'''Pater''' = Vader, Vadder
:'''Amīcus (m), Amīca (f)''' = Fründ

:'''Ubi sunt loca sēcrēta? Ubī est conclāve necessārium?''' = Woneem geiht dat na Tant(e) Meier?

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      <sha1>10hqq64euwhxbnz06oq93x5tw51ovcy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Saxonice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1973</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6053</id>
      <parentid>4951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-03-18T04:40:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>141.41.96.105</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1145" xml:space="preserve">'''Numeri Saxonici'''
:'''nihil, zero''' = nix, null
:'''unus''' = een
:'''duo''' = twee
:'''tres''' = dree   
:'''quattuor''' = veer   
:'''quinque''' = fief   
:'''sex''' = söss   
:'''septem''' = söven   
:'''octo''' = acht
:'''novem''' = negen   
:'''decem''' = teihn  

:'''undecim''' = ölven
:'''duodecim''' = twölf, een Dutz   
:'''tredecim''' = dörteihn, drütteihn, darteihn
:'''quattuordecim''' = veerteihn
:'''quindecim''' = foffteihn   
:'''sedecim''' = sössteihn   
:'''septendecim''' = söventeihn
:'''duodeviginti''' = achteihn   
:'''undeviginti''' = negenteihn   
:'''viginti''' = twintig   
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti''' = eenuntwintig

:'''triginta''' = dörtig, drüttig, dartig
:'''quadraginta''' = veertig   
:'''quinquaginta''' = föfftig
:'''sexaginta''' = sösstig   
:'''septuaginta''' = söventig
:'''octoginta''' = tachentig, achtig 
:'''nonaginta''' = negentig 
:'''centum''' = hunnert
:'''mille''' = dusend
:'''decies centena milia''' = een Million

:'''primus''' = de eerst
:'''secundus''' = de tweet
:'''tertius''' = de drütt
:'''quartus''' = de veert

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      <sha1>rd7qu6iif27wdpl8cum3my4h9ir6l3c</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1974</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6714</id>
      <parentid>5260</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-03-22T14:01:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>190.41.246.160</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1829" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ita, Recte, Sic''' = Sí   
:'''Non, Minime, Immo''' = No   
:'''Gratias''' = Gracias   
:'''Gratias multas''' = Muchas gracias   
:'''Salutatio''' = De nada   
:'''Sis, Quaeso''' = Por favor   
:'''Me excusa , Ignosce mihi''' = Discúlpeme   
:'''Salve, Salvete, Ave''' = Hola   
:'''Vale, Valete''' = Adiós   
:'''Ave''' = Hasta luego   
:'''Salve''' = Buenos días   
:'''Salve''' = Buenas tardes   
:'''Salve''' = Buenas noches
:'''Bonam natalitiam''' = Feliz cumpleaños   

:'''Non intellego.''' = No entiendo   
:'''Quomodo [Hispanice] hoc dicitur?''' = ¿Cómo se dice esto [en Español]?   
:'''Quid  [Hispanice]hoc significat?''' = ¿Que significa esto [en Español]?
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Habla usted ...  
:'''Iaponice''' =japonés 
:'''Anglice''' = inglés   
:'''Francogallice''' = francés   
:'''Germanice''' = alemán   
:'''Hispanice''' = español   
:'''Siniace''' = chino  

:'''Ego''' = Yo   
:'''Nos''' = Nosotros   
:'''Tu''' = Tú, Usted   
:'''Vos''' = Ustedes, Vosotros   
:'''Ei, Eae''' = Ellos, Ellas   
:'''Quod nomen tibi est?''' = ¿Cómo se llama usted? ¿Cuál es su nombre?   
:'''Suave est tibi occurere. Suave te cognoscere est.''' = Encantado de conocerle.   
:'''Quid agis? Quomodo vales? Quomodo te habes?''' = ¿Cómo estás? ¿Qué pasa?
:'''Cura ut optime valeas''' = Cuidate y que te vaya muy bien   
:'''Bene''' = Bien   
:'''Male''' = Mal   
:'''Admodum bene, Haud ita multum valeo''' = Más o menos, Así así  

:'''Uxor''' = la esposa, la mujer   
:'''Maritus''' = el esposo, el marido   
:'''Filia''' = la hija   
:'''Filius''' = el hijo   
:'''Mater''' = la madre   
:'''Pater''' = el padre   
:'''Amicus, Amica''' = el amigo, la amiga 

:'''Ubi sunt loca secreta? Ubi est conclave necessarium?''' = ¿Dónde está el baño?

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1975</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4957</id>
      <parentid>4881</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:16:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1099" xml:space="preserve">:'''nihil, zero''' = cero   
:'''unus''' = uno, un (m), una (f)   
:'''duo''' = dos   
:'''tres''' = tres   
:'''quattuor''' = cuatro   
:'''quinque''' = cinco   
:'''sex''' = seis 
:'''septem''' = siete   
:'''octo''' = ocho   
:'''novem''' = nueve   
:'''decem''' = diez  

:'''undecim''' = once   
:'''duodecim''' = doce   
:'''tredecim''' = trece   
:'''quattuordecim''' = catorce   
:'''quindecim''' = quince   
:'''sedecim''' = dieciséis   
:'''septendecim''' = diecisiete   
:'''duodeviginti''' = dieciocho   
:'''undeviginti''' = diecinueve   
:'''viginti''' = veinte   
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti''' = veintiuno (veinte + uno)
:'''viginti duo, duos et viginti''' = veintidos (veinte + dos)

:'''triginta''' = treinta
:'''triginta unus''' = treinta y uno
   
:'''quadraginta''' = cuarenta   
:'''quinquaginta''' = cincuenta   
:'''sexaginta''' = sesenta   
:'''septuaginta''' = setenta   
:'''octoginta''' = ochenta   
:'''nonaginta''' = noventa   
:'''centum''' = cien   
:'''mille''' = mil   
:'''decies centena milia''' = un millón

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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1976</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4954</id>
      <parentid>4883</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:15:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1584" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = ¿Cuánto cuesta? ¿Cuál es el precio?   
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = ¿Qué es?   
:'''Id emam.''' = Lo compro.   
:'''Emere volo ...''' = Me gustaría comprar ...   
:'''Habesne ...''' = ¿Tiene usted ... ?   
:'''chartulas credit asccipis?''' = ¿Aceptan tarjetas de crédito?   
:'''Apertus''' = Abierto 
:'''Occlusus''' = Cerrado   
:'''Tabella''' = la postal   
:'''Vectura''' = los sellos, los timbres, las estampillas   
:'''Parvus''' = Un poco   
:'''Multus''' = Mucho   
:'''Omnia''' = Todo  

:'''Prandium''' = el desayuno   
:'''Merenda''' = el almuerzo la comida)   
:'''Cena''' = la cena   
:'''Vegetarius''' = vegetariano m), vegetariana f)   
:'''Purus''' = Conforme al régimen alimenticio judío   
:'''Sanitas bona! Bene tibi!''' = ¡Salud!   
:'''Pretium fer.''' = ¿Me trae la cuenta por favor?  

:'''Panis''' = el pan   
:'''Potio''' = la bebida   
:'''Coffea Arabica, Faba Arabica''' = el café   
:'''Thea''' = el té   
:'''Sucus''' = el jugo, el zumo   
:'''Aqua''' = el agua   
:'''Cerevisia''' = la cerveza   
:'''Vinum''' = el vino   
:'''Sal''' = la sal   
:'''Piper''' = la pimienta   
:'''Caro''' = la carne   
:'''Bubula Caro''' = la ternera, la carne de vaca, el res   
:'''Porcina''' = el puerco   
:'''Piscis''' = el pescado   
:'''Aves cohortales''' = las aves   
:'''Holus''' = las verduras   
:'''Fructus''' = la fruta   
:'''Solanum tuberosum''' = la patata, la papa   
:'''Acetaria''' = la ensalada   
:'''Bellaria''' = el postre   
:'''Lac gellidum, Gelatum''' = el helado

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1977</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6577</id>
      <parentid>4953</parentid>
      <timestamp>2009-01-01T21:13:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>212.183.212.84</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1244" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ubi est ...?''' = ¿Dónde está ...?   
:'''Quantum vectura est? Quanti tessera constat?''' = ¿Cuánto cuesta el boleto billete)? 
:'''Tessera''' = el boleto, el billete   
:'''Una tessera ad ...''' = Un boleto billete) para ..., por favor.   
:'''Quo vadis?''' = ¿Hacia dónde vas?   
:'''Ubi habitas?''' = ¿Dónde vive usted?  

:'''tramen''' = el tren 
:'''laophorum, autoraeda omnibus''' = el autobús   
:'''ferrivia metropolitana''' = el metro   
:'''aëroportus''' = el aeropuerto   
:'''statio ferriviaria''' = la estación del tren   
:'''statio laophorica''' = la estación de autobuses   
:'''Statio metropolitana''' = la estación del metro   
:'''Abitus''' = la salida 
:'''Adventus''' = la llegada   
:'''autoraedae locandae''' = Agencia de alquiler de coches; Un alquilador automóvil   
:'''Area stativa''' = el estacionamiento, el aparcamiento  

:'''Hospitium, Deversorium''' = el hotel   
:'''Conclave''' = el cuarto   
:'''Condicia''' = la reserva, la reservación   
:'''Suntne inanitates ullae?''' = ¿Tiene habitaciones para esta noche?   
:'''Nulla vacuitas''' = No hay lugares. No tenemos cuartos. No hay habitaciones.  

:'''Diploma, Chartula''' = el pasaporte  

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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Mandata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1978</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4958</id>
      <parentid>4887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:16:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="435" xml:space="preserve">:'''Laeva, Sinister''' = la izquierda   
:'''Dextra''' = la derecha   
:'''In derectum''' = derecho, directo   
:'''Sursum''' = arriba   
:'''Deorsum''' = abajo   
:'''Procul''' = lejos   
:'''Prope''' = cerca 
:'''Longus''' = largo (m), larga (f)   
:'''Brevis''' = corto (m), corta (f)   
:'''Tabula geographica''' = el mapa   
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Información turística

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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Loca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1979</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4956</id>
      <parentid>4889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:16:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="924" xml:space="preserve">:'''Epistularum distributorium''' = la oficina de correo   
:'''Museum''' = el museo   
:'''Argentaria''' = el banco   
:'''Casa vigilium, Sedes custòdum''' = la estación de policía; la comisaría de policía   
:'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = el hospital   
:'''Pharmacopolium, Medicamentarii taberna''' = la farmacia   
:'''Taberna''' = la tienda   
:'''Popina, Caupona''' = el restaurante   
:'''Ludus''' = la escuela   
:'''Ecclesia''' = la iglesia   
:'''Conclave necessarium, Loca secreta''' = el baño, el excusado, los servicios   
:'''Via''' = la calle   
:'''Forum''' = la plaza   
:'''Mons''' = la montaña, el monte
:'''Collis''' = la colina   
:'''vallis''' = el valle   
:'''Mare''' = el océano   
:'''Lacus, Schola''' = el lago   
:'''Flumen''' = el río   
:'''Piscina''' = la piscina la alberca)   
:'''Turris''' = la torre   
:'''Pons''' = el puente

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>s7r25a1ys2zs4plxl2h7x0wvr0soj95</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice/Tempus et diem ascribere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1980</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4959</id>
      <parentid>4891</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:17:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1539" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quota hora est?''' = ¿Qué hora es?   
:'''7:13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, Son las siete y trece   
:'''3:15, tres:quindecim''' = 3:15, Son las tres y quince   
:'''3:15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, Son las tres y cuarto   
:'''11:30, undecim:triginta''' = 11:30, Son las once treinta [rare]   
:'''11:30, hora undecima minuta tricesima''' = 11:30, Son las once y media   
:'''1:45, unus:quadraginta-quinque''' = 1:45, Es la una cuarenta y cinco   
:'''1:45, hora prima et dodrante''' = 1:45, Cuarto para las dos. Las dos menos cuarto.  

:'''Dies''' = el día   
:'''Septimana''' = la semana   
:'''Mensis''' = el mes   
:'''Annus''' = el año  

:'''Dies Lunae''' = lunes   
:'''Dies Martis''' = martes   
:'''Dies Mercurii''' = miércoles   
:'''Dies Iovis''' = jueves   
:'''Dies Veneris''' = viernes   
:'''Dies Saturni, Sabbatum''' = sábado   
:'''Dies Dominica, Dies Solis''' = domingo  

:'''Ianuarius''' = enero   
:'''Februarius''' = febrero   
:'''Martius''' = marzo   
:'''Aprilis''' = abril   
:'''Maius''' = mayo 
:'''Iunius''' = junio   
:'''Iulius''' = julio   
:'''Augustus''' = agosto   
:'''September''' = septiembre   
:'''October''' = octubre   
:'''November''' = noviembre   
:'''December''' = diciembre  

:'''Ver''' = la primavera   
:'''Aestas''' = el verano   
:'''Autumnus''' = el otoño   
:'''hiems''' = el invierno  

:'''Hodie''' = hoy   
:'''Heri''' = ayer   
:'''Cras''' = mañana  

:'''Dies natalis''' = Día de cumpleaños

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>c109sdyrg6b78ravylkx1byqlqrinxr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Borussice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1981</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4950</id>
      <parentid>4893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:11:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1129" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ita, Rēctē, Est''' = Ja 
:'''Nōn, Minimē''' = Nie 
:'''Grātiās agō''' = Dinkauia 
:'''Sīs / Quaesō''' = ? 
:'''Mē excūsā''' = ?? 
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = ? 
:'''Valē, Valēte''' = ? 

:'''Nōn intellegō.''' = ?? 
:'''Quōmodo linguā Borussicā hoc dīcis? Quōmodo Borussicē hoc dīcitur?''' = ?? [Prusiskai]? 
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Tu billi ...  
:'''Anglicē''' = ??
:'''Francogallicē''' = ??  
:'''Germānicē, Theodiscē''' = ??  
:'''Graecē''' = ??
:'''Hispānicē''' = ??
:'''Italicē''' = ?? 
:'''Borussicē''' = Prusiskai

:'''Ego''' = As 
:'''Nōs''' = Mes
:'''Tū''' = Tu  
:'''Vōs''' = Jous
:'''Is / Ea''' = Tans / Tenna 
:'''Iī / Eae''' = Tennei  
:'''Quis vocāris?''' = Ka ast twais emnes?  
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs?''' = ?  
:'''Bene''' = Labba 
:'''Male''' = ?  
:'''Admodum bene''' = ? 

:'''Uxor''' = ?  
:'''Marītus, Vir''' = ?  
:'''Fīlia''' = Dukti  
:'''Fīlius''' = Souns  
:'''Māter''' = Muti  
:'''Pater''' = Tawas  
:'''Frāter''' = Brote
:'''Soror''' = Swestra 

:'''Vbi sunt loca sēcrēta? Vbi est secessus?''' = ?

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>t7bafktlf66m9qu8gtfnvn81key76qa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Borussice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1982</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4949</id>
      <parentid>4895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:10:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>29 Aprilis 2006, categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="826" xml:space="preserve">:(Verba uncis circumdata sunt reconstructa, ea non inveniuntur in scriptis.)
:'''unus, -a, -um''' = ains, ainâ
:'''duo, -ae, -o''' = dwai
:'''tres, tria''' = (trijâi)
:'''quattuor''' = (keturjâi)
:'''quinque''' = (pênkjâi)
:'''sex''' = (uschi)
:'''septem''' = (septimi)
:'''octo''' = (astoni)
:'''novem''' = (newini)
:'''decem''' = dessîmtis
: ...
:'''mille''' = tûsimtis
:
:------------------------

:'''primus, -a, -um''' = pirmois, pirmoi
:'''alter, -a, -um''' = antars, antra
:'''tertius, -a, -um''' = tîrts, tirti
:'''quartus, -a, -um''' = ketwirts, ketwirta
:'''quintus, -a, -um''' = piêncts, pienckta
:'''sextus, -a, -um''' = [w]uschts, uschtai
:'''septimus, -a, -um''' = septmas, septmai
:'''octavus''' = asmus
:'''nonus''' = newînts
:'''decimus''' = dessîmts

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>71avrgd24sp6tm2bf4poysosxyh9e9z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Polonice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1983</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4947</id>
      <parentid>4897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T22:05:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="910" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ita, Rēctē''' = Tak 
:'''Nōn, Minimē''' = Nie 
:'''Grātiās''' = Dziękuję 
:'''Grātiās multās''' = Bardzo dziękuję
:'''Salūtātiō''' = Z wdzięcznością 
:'''Sīs, Quaesō''' = Proszę
:'''Mē excūsā''' = Przepraszam, proszę o wybaczenie
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Cześć, witaj
:'''Valē, Valēte''' = Do widzenia
:'''Avē''' = Witaj 

:'''Ego''' = Ja 
:'''Nōs''' = My  
:'''Tū''' = Ty  
:'''Vōs''' = Wy  
:'''Eī''' = Oni  
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = Jak masz na imię? 
:'''Suāve tē cognōscere est.''' = Miło Cię poznać. 
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs?''' = Jak się czujesz?  
:'''Bene''' = Dobrze 
:'''Male''' = Źle  

:'''Uxor''' = Żona  
:'''Marītus''' = Mąż  
:'''Fīlia''' = Córka  
:'''Fīlius''' = Syn  
:'''Māter''' = Matka  
:'''Pater''' = Ojciec 
:'''Amīcus''' = Przyjaciel
:'''Amīca''' = Przyjaciółka

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>lx1gy15nm1fpz3z1l18fvc53wff4oj7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Dacoromanice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1984</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7806</id>
      <parentid>6041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2016-06-15T11:36:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YaganZ</username>
        <id>1779</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>characteres speciales Dacoromani</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2548" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = Cât costă?  
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = Ce e asta (aceasta)?  
:'''Id emam.''' = Îl iau.  
:'''Emere volo ...''' = Vreau să cumpăr ...   
:'''Habesne ...''' = Aveți ...    
:'''Chartulas credit accipis?''' = Acceptați cărți de credit?   
:'''Apertus''' = deschis (m, sg), deschisă (f, sg), deschiși (m, pl), deschise (f, pl) 
:'''Occlusus''' = închis (m, sg), închisă (f, sg), închiși (m, pl), închise (f, pl)  
:'''Tabella''' = vedere   
:'''Vectura''' = timbre   
:'''Parvus''' = puțin (m, sg), puțină (f, sg), puțini (m, pl), puține (f, pl)   
:'''Multus''' = mult (m, sg), multă (f, sg), mulți (m, pl), multe (f, pl)  
:'''Omnia,tota''' = tot (m, sg), toată (f, sg), toți (m, pl), toate (f, pl)  
:'''Prandium''' = mic-dejun   
:'''Merenda''' = prânz (neutrum - un prânz, două prânzuri)  
:'''Cena''' = cină (femininum - o cină, două cine)  
:'''Vegetarius''' = vegetarian (m, sg), vegetariană (f, pl), vegetarieni (m, pl), vegetariene (f, pl)  
:'''Purus''' = cuşer   
:'''Sanitas bona! Bene tibi!''' = Sănătate!   
:'''Pretium fer.''' = Nota, vă rog.

:'''Panis''' = pâine  (femininum - o pâine, două pâini)  
:'''Potio''' = băuturi   (femininum - o băutură, două băuturi)  
:'''Coffea Arabica, Faba Arabica''' = cafea  (femininum - o cafea, două cafele)  
:'''Thea''' = ceai   (neutrum - un ceai, două ceaiuri)  
:'''Sucus''' = suc   (neutrum - un suc, două sucuri)  
:'''Aqua''' = apă   
:'''Cerevisia''' = bere  (femininum - o bere, două beri)  
:'''Vinum''' = vin   (neutrum - un vin, două vinuri)  
:'''Sal''' = sare  
:'''Piper''' = piper   
:'''Caro''' = carne   
:'''Bubula Caro''' = carne de vită  
:'''Porcina''' = porc  (masculinum - un porc, doi porci) 
:'''Piscis''' = pește   (masculinum - un pește, doi pești)  
:'''Aves cohortales''' = pasăre  (femininum - o pasăre, două pasări) 
:'''Holus''' = legume  (femininum - o legumă, două legume)  
:'''Fructus''' = fructe  (neutrum - un fructe, două fructe)  
:'''Solanum tuberosum''' = cartof (masculinum - un cartof, doi cartofi)  
:'''Acetaria''' = salată   (femininum - o salată, două salate)  
:'''Bellaria''' = desert   
:'''Lac gellidum, Gelatum''' = înghețată  (femininum - o înghețată, două înghețăți)

----

* '''sg''' = '''s'''in'''g'''ularis 
* '''pl''' = '''pl'''uralis
* '''m''', '''f''', '''n'''  = '''m'''asculinum, '''f'''emininum, '''n'''eutrum.

** m  -  un ~, doi ~~
** f  -   o ~, două ~~
** n  -  un ~, două ~~ 

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>3kd9yi852rz1fvebk7kudctb0hkbs6t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Accusativus cum infinitivo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1985</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7201</id>
      <parentid>6011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2013-03-14T18:02:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>85.76.58.206</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;regnare&quot; non est verbum transitivum</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1206" xml:space="preserve">Multa verba exempli gratia &quot;dicendi&quot;, &quot;putandi&quot;, &quot;sentiendi&quot; regunt '''[[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|accusativum]] cum [[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|infinitivo]]'''.

*Ex his perspicuum nobis fit, + AcI, [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]] §18.

=Exemplum=

*[[:wikt:aio|Ait]] latitudinem '''[Accusativus]''' fluminis [[:wikt:haud|haud]] [[:wikt:supra|supra]] trecentos passus ibi [[:wikt:contineo|continere]] '''[cum Infinitivo]'''. &lt;small&gt;Secundum Thomam Morum.&lt;/small&gt;
*Putet me '''[Accusativus]''' hunc libellum post annum fere ad te mittere '''[cum Infinitivo]''', quem te '''[Accusativus]''' non [[:wikt:dubito|dubito]] intra sesquimensem expactasse '''[cum Infinitivo]'''. (Utopia Thomae Mori)
* Ex his ..., perspicuum nobis fit, in statu naturali non [[:wikt:do|dari]] '''[cum Infinitivo]''' peccatum  '''[Accusativus]'''. [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]], §18. 

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina|Accusativus cum infinitivo]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Accusativus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Accusativus cum infinitivo]]</text>
      <sha1>lqgkkkucy2mvclay80mcaqnk78jw8n0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Accusativus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1987</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7740</id>
      <parentid>5677</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-09-20T16:37:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* facere, creare, nominare et similia */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" xml:space="preserve">'''Accusativus'''

Quaestio est: quem? quam? quod?

=Accusativus obiectivus=
==simplex==
==duplex==
===facere, creare, nominare et similia===
[[File:PosMeCustodemEllwangen.jpg|thumb|POSUERUNT ME CUSTODEM]]
*Veluti cum '''novercam''' '''''[[:wikt:saluto|salutamus]]''''' ''matrem'', '''privignum''' ''filium'', '''vitricum''' ''patrem'', '''sororis maritum''' ''fratrem'', '''fratris uxorem''' ''sororem''. ([[:w:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]], &quot;Familiarum colloquiorum formulae&quot;)
*Gratius enim [[:wikt:sum|fuerit]], si '''senem''' ''patrem'' aut ''virum eximium'' '''''[[:wikt:saluto|salutes]]''''' quam aetatis cognomine. ([[:w:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]], &quot;Familiarum colloquiorum formulae&quot;)

=Accusativus teli seu scopi=

*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?#Quo?|Accusativus teli et regionis: Quo?]]

=Accusativus cum infinitivo=
*[[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus cum infinitivo|Accusativus cum infinitivo]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|!]]</text>
      <sha1>04815n0e3l40dkfxo4z3dd7pznb6meb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2014</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4927</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:37:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="170" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Lusitana|Lingua Lusitana]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>ppou67wmrjrulsoqxqls6qqsjl9jh0h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Anglice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2015</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4928</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:39:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="168" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Anglica|Lingua Anglica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>9hmlnegvav5yrhrg7dpuxaeg2vjq28q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Saxonice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2016</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7522</id>
      <parentid>7521</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-01-16T04:00:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>67.173.69.202</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="171" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Saxonica|Lingua Saxonica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.


{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>koh3bmg08p8u2pnc85leoigqcwurizs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Hispanice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2017</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4930</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:40:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="172" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Hispanica|Lingua Hispanica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>mntbsdhrvu0wjeffnmyiyfa6jgbflng</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Borussice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2018</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4931</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:40:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="172" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Borussica|Lingua Borussica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>1nkz2ijru8psi2zefxt0mknwuwpb9qr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Polonice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2019</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4932</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:40:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="170" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Polonica|Lingua Polonica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>6aoado3u2xsu00aua2p16m5aer4fi9g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Dacoromanice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2020</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4933</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:40:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>liber novus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="178" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Dacoromanica|Lingua Dacoromanica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>cfcx6ieo3lkswccps478kagizpm9ziz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Lusitanice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2021</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4934</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:43:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Anglice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2022</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4935</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Saxonice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2023</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4936</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Hispanice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2024</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4937</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Borussice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2025</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4938</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Polonice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2026</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4939</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Dacoromanice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2027</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4940</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-05T20:44:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Categoria:Linguae]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Sententiae laterales</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2028</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5620</id>
      <parentid>5174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T09:10:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Posttemporale in sententiis coniunctivis */ Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="773" xml:space="preserve">*Tempora

=Contemporale atque Antetemporale=

*[[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|Consecutio temporum]]

=Posttemporale in sententiis [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|coniunctivis]]=

Tempus in sententia laterali:

1) tempus praesens (sententia capitalis praesens tempus habet)&lt;br&gt;
2) [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Imperfectum]] (sententia capitalis praeteritum tempus habet)

ad 1) et 2):&lt;br&gt;
#relatio ad futurum patet in sententia capitali
#futurum passivum in sententia laterali

3) '''coniugatio periphrastica activa'''

Apud quaestiones indirectas et &quot;non dubito quin&quot; et similia.

=[[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae relativae|Sententiae relativae]]=

=[[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|Sententiae conditionales]]=

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>d431hiwg50eubaehdoql1fc5cktfi3l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Genetivus apud adiectiva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2029</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5244</id>
      <parentid>5238</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-04-03T21:11:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatica Latina/Accusativus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="874" xml:space="preserve">'''Genetivus apud adiectiva'''

'''Adiectiva quantitatis''' sunt adiectiva in genere neutro, numero singulari, in casu nominativo vel in [[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus|casu accusativo]] sine praepositione

Haec adiectiva, que sicut substantiva in usu sunt, sunt:

*multum
*plus
*pluriumum
*nimium
*paulum
*paululum
*minus
*minimum
*nonnihil
*tantum
*quantum
*aliquantum

Exemplum:&lt;br&gt;
Fateor mihi adeo '''multum laboris''' his rebus paratis detractum ut paene nihil fuerit relictum. (Ex Thomae Mori Utopia)
&lt;br&gt;
Huius rei excogitatio potuisset ab ingenio neque infimo neque prorsus indocto postulare tum '''temporis nonnihil''' tum '''studii'''. (Ex Thomae Mori Utopia)

=Alia=

*Hoc temporis adquiro. (ThM)
*[[:wikt:similis|similis]] (etiam cum [[Grammatica Latina/Dativus|casu dativo]])

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Genetivus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Adiectiva]]</text>
      <sha1>070oa1dccbgnl75ckkp2jm626hy3ceu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2036</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4997</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-14T09:47:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Adiectiva]]</text>
      <sha1>o4gf5bgl7usa3i5uetj6357ag3ebw6c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2037</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5643</id>
      <parentid>4998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:12:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina]]</text>
      <sha1>efbgnsc75w8zaa5o6obgkdn5bkimz5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2038</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5664</id>
      <parentid>5656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:30:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula flexibilia]]</text>
      <sha1>gazbsmnf525gd36mvhylepuwejsqzw8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Ablativus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2039</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5001</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-14T09:50:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus]]</text>
      <sha1>k6fs55wu8bgcvx9jjcngal18vusj93m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Adiectiva</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2040</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5642</id>
      <parentid>5002</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:11:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina]]</text>
      <sha1>efbgnsc75w8zaa5o6obgkdn5bkimz5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Genetivus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2041</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5005</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-14T10:00:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus]]</text>
      <sha1>k6fs55wu8bgcvx9jjcngal18vusj93m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Accusativus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2042</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5007</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-14T12:10:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus]]</text>
      <sha1>k6fs55wu8bgcvx9jjcngal18vusj93m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Genetivus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2043</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5514</id>
      <parentid>5328</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T09:02:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="240" xml:space="preserve">*[[Grammatica Latina/Genetivus apud substantiva|Genetivus apud substantiva]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Genetivus apud adiectiva|Genetivus apud adiectiva]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Genetivus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Genetivus]]</text>
      <sha1>7rpsj192hgqfy2ls231wfz5jpvbmv5d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2044</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5013</id>
      <timestamp>2006-11-17T19:11:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>2jo2mk0k1oes3qdh6sruw082rj8rprq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2045</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7223</id>
      <parentid>7222</parentid>
      <timestamp>2013-05-13T03:03:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Igna</username>
        <id>1127</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverti recensiones ab usore [[Special:Contributions/222.79.81.215|222.79.81.215]] ([[User talk:222.79.81.215|Disputatio]]) ad emendationem proximam ab [[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="6552" xml:space="preserve">'''Consecutio temporum''' regit [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|tempora]] in sententiis lateralibus respectu temporis quod est in sententia capitali. Nonnumquam autem tempora etiam in sententiis lateralibus [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|absoluta]] sunt. 

=Sententiae laterales cum modo indicativo=

==Relationes temporales==

Tres relationes temporales distinguuntur:

===Ratio contemporanea===

Sententiae capitales et laterales eundem tempus habent.

====Praesens====
#Affectus, quibus conflictamur, concipiunt Philosophi veluti vitia, in quae homines sua culpa labuntur; quos propterea ridere, flere, carpere, vel (qui sanctiores videri volunt) detestari solent. [[w:Spinoza]], [[s:Tractatus Politicus]], liber I.
#... tantumque in naturam [[:wikt:habeo|habet]] iuris, quantum potentia [[:wikt:valeo|valet]]. [[w:Spinoza]], [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

====Perfectum====
[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Tempus imperfectum]] autem sententiae lateralis contemporaneum esse potest [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|tempori perfecto]] sententiae lateralis.

Exemplum [[Grammatica Latina/quod|quod]] explicativum, quod rationem contemporaneam regit: 

*...multum ei [[:wikt:detraho|detraxit]] inter eos viventi, quod alienae [[:wikt:sum|erat]] civitatis. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], XVIII, Eumenes.

{| border=&quot;2&quot;
! Consecutio temporum
! Ratio contemporanea
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Sententia
|-
! Capitalis
! Lateralis
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempus]]
|-
! Praesens
! Praesens
|-
! [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]]
! perfectum&lt;br&gt; [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfectum]]
|-
|}

===Ratio antetemporanea===

*Praetor provinciam [[:wikt:obtineo|obtinuit]] Sardiniam, ex qua ... Q. Ennium poetam [[:wikt:deduco|deduxerat]];... [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]], Cato, liber I.

===Ratio posttemporanea===

=Sententiae laterales cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modo coniunctivo]]=

==Relationes temporales==

Tres relationes temporales distinguuntur:

===Ratio contemporanea===

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|capitale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali est praesens.

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|laterale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali est [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfectum]].

=====Exempla=====

#...civitati persuasit ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent... [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|De bello Gallico]] [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I|Liber I]], 2
#...constituerunt ea quae ad proficiscendum pertinerent comparare... [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|De bello Gallico]] [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I|Liber I]], 3
#In eo itinere persuad'''et''' ([[Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum|praesens historicum]]) Castico ..., , ut regnum in civitate sua occup'''aret''', quod pater ante habuerit; [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|De bello Gallico]] [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I|Liber I]], 3
#Eam politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperunt]], quae pro chimaera [[:wikt:habeo|haberetur]]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])
#Nam ... [[:wikt:inde|inde]] oriri [[:wikt:debeo|deberet]], [[Grammatica Latina/quod|quod]] homo [[:wikt:habeo|haberet]] voluntatem liberam. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===Ratio antetemporanea===

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis est [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|capitale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali est [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]].

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis est [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|laterale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali est [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|plusquamperfectum]].

;Exemplum

#Eam politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperunt]], quae pro chimaera [[:wikt:habeo|haberetur]] [contemporaneum] vel quae in Utopia institui ... [[:wikt:possum|potuisset]] [antetemporaneum]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===Ratio posttemporanea===

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|capitale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali forma exprimitur eiusmodi: -urus, a, um, sim.

====Si tempus sententiae capitalis [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|laterale]]====

Tempus in sententia laterali forma exprimitur eiusmodi: -urus, a, um, essem.

==Tempora absoluta in sententiis modi coniunctivi lateralibus==

Nonnumquam tempora in sententiis lateralibus consecutione temporum non reguntur sed absoluta sunt:

===Imperfectum post [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|tempore capitale]]===

[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Coniunctivus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfecti]] post [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|tempus capitale]] potest esse coniunctivus potentialis vel dubitativus praeteriti aut coniunctivus irrealis praesentis.

;Irrealis praesentis? Dubitativus praeteriti?

*Religio minime in foro vel aula [[:wikt:valeo|valet]], [[:wikt:ubi|ubi]] id maxime necesse [[:wikt:sum|esset]]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===Perfectum loco imperfecti===

In sententia laterali res non narratur sed constituitur.

*Unde [[:wikt:facio|factum est]], [[Grammatica Latina/ut|ut]] .. pro ethica satyram [[:wikt:scribo|scripserint]] et ut numquam politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperint]] [constitutio, non narratio, ergo non &quot;scriberent&quot; quod secundum consecutionem temporum expectandum esset]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

===Praesens loco imperfecti===

Res in sententia laterali non solum temporibus praeteritis sed etiam nunc vera est.

*Numquam politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperunt]] quae [[:wikt:possum|possit]] ad usum revocari. [iam verum est, ergo non &quot;posset&quot; quod secundum consecutionem temporum expectandum esset]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Consecutio temporum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Sententiae|Consecutio temporum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Consecutio temporum]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Sententiae relativae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2046</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7578</id>
      <parentid>7577</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-03-16T02:29:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>91.63.248.227</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1630" xml:space="preserve">'''Sententiae relativae''' sententiae laterales sunt sicut:

*Putet me '''hunc libellum''' post annum fere ad te mittere, '''quem''' [hic sententia relativa incipit] te non dubito intra sesquimensem expactasse. (Utopia Thomae Mori)

=Modus indicativus=

=[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Modus coniunctivus]]=

*Consecutivum

Exemplum (ex Utopia Thomae Mori)&lt;br&gt;
Nihil [tale] erat '''quod''' in eloquendo '''elaboraretur'''.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Sententiae relativae]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Sententiae|Sententiae]]

*Unde factum est, ut plerumque pro Ethica Satyram [[:wikt:scribo|scripserint]] [perfectum constativum, [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]] ], et ut nunquam Politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperint]] [perfectum constativum, [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]] ], quae [[:wikt:possum|possit]] ad usum revocari [praesens, [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]] ], sed quae pro Chimaera haberetur [sensus lateralis consecutivus: [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutio temporum]], tempus contemporaneum], vel quae in Utopia, vel in illo Poëtarum aureo saeculo, ubi scilicet minime necesse erat, institui [[:wikt:possum|potuisset]] [sensus lateralis consecutivus: [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutio temporum]], tempus antetemporaneum]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

==Nexus externus==
*[http://www.wachstafelngrammatik.de/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=61&amp;Itemid=70 Pagina Germanice scripta]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Periodus irrealis et dependentia infinitiva */</comment>
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      <text bytes="2263" xml:space="preserve">== Periodus irrealis et dependentia infinitiva ==

Periodus irrealis post verba dicendi vel sentiendi:

=== exemplum: ===
*Cornelius Nepos: Itaque nemini erat his temporibus dubium, si affuisset, illam Atheniensis calamitatem accepturos non fuisse. 

Verbum dicendi vel sentiendi:&lt;br&gt;
*Itaque nemini '''erat''' his temporibus '''dubium''',

Periodus hypothetica: &lt;br&gt;
*si affuisset, illam Atheniensis calamitatem accepturos non fuisse. 

Infinitivum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|temporis perfecti]] [[Grammatica Latina/coniugatio periphrastica|coniugationis periphrasticae]]:&lt;br&gt;
*Atheniensis ... accepturos non fuisse

=== exemplum: ===
*Cornelius Nepos: Neque vero non fuit apertum, si ille non fuisset, Agesilaum Asiam regi fuisse erepturum. 

Verbum dicendi vel sentiendi:&lt;br&gt;
*Neque vero non '''fuit apertum''',

Periodus hypothetica: &lt;br&gt;
*si ille non fuisset, Agesilaum Asiam regi fuisse erepturum. 

Infinitivum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|temporis perfecti]] [[Grammatica Latina/coniugatio periphrastica|coniugationis periphrasticae]]:&lt;br&gt;
*Agesilaum ... fuisse erepturum

=== exemplum: ===

*Puto enim, etiamsi Icadius tum in spelunca non fuisset, saxum tamen illud casurum fuisse. [[s:De fato (Marcus Tullius Cicero)]]

Verbum dicendi vel sentiendi:&lt;br&gt;
*Puto enim,

Periodus hypothetica: &lt;br&gt;
*etiamsi Icadius tum in spelunca non fuisset, saxum tamen illud casurum fuisse.

Infinitivum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|temporis perfecti]] [[Grammatica Latina/coniugatio periphrastica|coniugationis periphrasticae]]:&lt;br&gt;
*saxum tamen illud casurum fuisse.

=== exemplum: ===

*Si enim hominem aliquem appellares, et ea vox asinum tibi significaret, putas illum injuria affectum iri? [[w:la:Ioannes Ludovicus Vives|Ioannes Ludovicus Vives]], In pseudo-dialecticos.

Verbum dicendi vel sentiendi:&lt;br&gt;
*putas

Periodus hypothetica: &lt;br&gt;
*Si enim hominem aliquem appellares, et ea vox asinum tibi significaret,

Infinitivum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|temporis perfecti]] [[Grammatica Latina/coniugatio periphrastica|coniugationis periphrasticae]]:&lt;br&gt;
*saxum tamen illud casurum fuisse.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Sententiae conditionales]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Sententiae|Sententiae]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|si]]</text>
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    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Sententiae</title>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Lusitanice/Loca</title>
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      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="789" xml:space="preserve">:'''Epistularum distributorium''' = Correio   
:'''Museum''' = Museu   
:'''Argentaria''' = Banco   
:'''Casa vigilium, Sedes custòdum''' = Polícia   
:'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = Hospital   
:'''Pharmacopolium, Medicamentarii taberna''' = Farmácia   
:'''Taberna''' = Loja   
:'''Popina, Caupona''' = Restaurante   
:'''Schola''' = Escola   
:'''Ecclesia''' = Igreja   
:'''Conclave necessarium, Loca secreta''' = Quarto de banho; Toilette; Casa de banho; Banheiro 
:'''Via''' = Rua   
:'''Forum''' = Praça   
:'''Mons''' = Montanha   
:'''Collis''' = Colina   
:'''vallis''' = Vale   
:'''Mare''' = Oceano   
:'''Lacus''' = Lago   
:'''Flumen''' = Rio   
:'''Piscina''' = Piscina   
:'''Turris''' = Torre   
:'''Pons''' = Ponte

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lingua Latina in iure</title>
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      <text bytes="88194" xml:space="preserve">Hic est glossarium iurisprudentiae Lingua Latina.

* Aberratio ictus
* Actio libera in causa
* Actio illicita in causa
* Actio pro socio
* Actus contrarius
* Alias facturus
* Aliud
* Animus auctoris
* Animus socii
* Animus iniurandi
* Argumentum e contrario
* Bona fides
* Brevi manu traditio
* Cessio legis
* Condictio sine causa
* Condictio ob rem
* Condictio causa data non secuta
* Condictio indebiti
* Condictio ob causam finitam
* Condictio ob turpem vel iniustam causam
* Conditio sine qua non
* Confessio est regina probationum
* Contra omnes
* Culpa in contrahendo
* Culpa in eligendo
* Culpa post contractum finitum
* De lege ferenda
* De lege lata
* Debet
* Debitor
* Delkredere
* Derelictio
* Diligentiam quam in suis
* Do ut des
* Dolo agit, qui petit, quod statim redditurus est
* Dolos
* Dolus
* Dolus antecedens
* Dolus generalis
* Dolus subsequens
* Error in persona vel obiecto
* Essentialia negotii
* Ex nunc
* Ex tunc
* Exeptio
* Falsa demonstratio non nocet
* Furtum usus
* Ignorantia facti
* In dubio contra reum
* In dubio mitius
* In dubio pro reo
* In fraudem legis
* Inter partes
* Invitatio ad offerendum
* Invitatio ad incertas personas
* Itio in partes
* Iudex a quo
* Iudex ad quem
* Iudex non calculat
* Iura novit curia
* Leges ab omnibus intellegi debent
* Lex generalis
* Lex specialis
* Lex specialis derogat legi generali
* Lucidum intervallum
* Luxuria
* Nasciturus
* Nasciturus pro iam nato habetur
* Ne bis in idem
* Ne ultra petita (etiam &quot;Ne eat iudex ultra petita partium&quot;)
* Non liquet
* Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege
* Omni modo facturus
* Pacta sunt servanda
* Pactum de non cedendo
* Pactum de non petendo
* Peius
* Prima facie
* Protestatio facto contraria
* Privilegium de non appellando
* Privilegium de non evocando
* Ratio legis
* Reformatio in peius
* Rei vindicatio
* Reservatio mentalis
* res inter alios acta
* Se ut dominum gerere
* Uti possidetis
* Venire contra factum proprium
* Vis absoluta
* Vis compulsiva
* Volenti non fit iniuria
* Ab abusu ad usum non valet consequentia 
* Ab assuetis non fit iniuria 
* Ab assuetis non fit passio 
* Ab heredis persona obligationem incipere non potest 
* Ab homine homini cotidianum periculum 
* Absens ex iusta causa latitare non dicitur 
* Absentia eius, qui rei publicae causa abest, neque ei neque alii damnosa esse debet
* Absentia longa et mors aequiparantur 
* Absentia longa morti aequiparatur
*  Absoluta sententia expositore non indiget 
* Absolutus semel non debet molestari 
* Abundans cautela non nocet
*  Abusus non est usus sed corruptela Abusus non tollit usum 
* Ab utraque parte dolus compensandus est 
* Acceptatio donationis requiritur ut valeat
*  Accessio potest pluris esse quam res qui accedit 
* Accessorium cedit principali 
* Accessorium naturam sequi congruit principalis 
* Accessorium non ducit, sed sequitur principale 
* Accessorium non praeiudicat principali 
* Accessorium sequitur naturam principalis
*  Accessorium sequitur principale
*  Accipere quam facere praestat iniuriam
*  Accumulatio actionum regulariter permittitur 
* Accusare nemo se debet nisi coram Deo 
* Accusator post rationabile tempus non est audiendus nisi se bene de omissione excusaverit 
* Accusatus ad confitendum delictum non tenetur
* A communi observantia non est recedendum 
* Acta simulata veritatis substantiam mutare non possunt 
* Actio civilis criminali non praeiudicit
*  Actio criminalis non tollit civiles 
* Actione principali sublata tenet accessoria
*  Actor debet sequi forum rei, non reus forum actoris 
* Actori incumbit necessitas probandi 
* Actor regulariter sequitur forum rei ubi fallit
*  Actus dubius interpretatur ut minus obligationes inducat 
* Actus non debent ultra intentionem contrahentium operari
*  Actus propter turpitudinem facientis non reputatur nullus 
* Ad absurdum nemo tenetur
*  Ad ea quae frequentius accidunt iura adaptantur 
* Admittitur nemo ad id probandum quod probato non sublevaretur in aliquo 
* Aedificata in solo alieno possunt per dominum soli propria auctoritate testrui 
* Aliae quoque cautelae a legitima auctoritate praescriptae serventur, ut Ecclesiae damnum vitetur 
* Amantibus omnia communia 
* Ambulatoria est actio furti 
* Ambulatoria est stipulatio
*  Ambulatoria est potestas
*  Ambulatoria est voluntas
*  Animus hominis ex ipsius cognoscitur loquela 
* Acta exteriora indicant interiora secreta 
* Acta publica probant se ipsa Actio civilis non tollit criminalem 
* Actio in rem transfertur translato dominio
*  Actio non datur non damnificato 
* Actio non potest esse sine obligatione 
* Actio personalis moritur cum persona
*  Actio semel extincta in perpetuum non resurgit
*  Actio semel extincta non reviviscit 
* Actiones ex contractu in heredes transeunt etiamsi heredum nulla facta sit mentio 
* Actiones heredi et in heredem competunt  
* Actioni nondum natae non praescribitur 
* Actor et reus idem esse non possum 
* Actor forum rei sequitur
*  Actor probare debet se emisse et pretium solvisse 
* Actor rei forum sequitur Actore non probante, reus est absolvendus
*  Actore non probante reus absolvitur
* Actori affirmanti incumbit onus probando 
* Actori incumbit necessitas probando 
* Actus ab initio nullus non potest validari 
* Actus curiae neminem gravabit 
* Actus Dei nemini facit iniuriam
*  Actus Dei nemini nocet
*  Actus dubius semper in meliorem partem interpretandus 
* Actus factus in fraudem legis totus annullatur
*  Actus incaeptus cuius perfectio pendet ex voluntate partium revocari potest 
* Actus legis neminem facit iniuriam 
* Actus legitimi condicionem non recipiunt neque diem 
* Actus legitimi non recipiunt modum
*  Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea
*  Actus omnino nullus, nullum effectum parit 
* Actus simulatus nullius est momenti 
* Actus testandi actus individuus est 
* Ad ea quae frequentius accidunt iura adaptantur
*  Ad impossibilia nemo tenetur
*  Ad paenitendum properat, cito qui iudicat 
* Ad poenam sufficit meditari puniendo 
* Ad quaestionem facti non respondent iudices; ad quaestiones iuris non respondent iuratores 
* Ad tempus prohibitum post illud tempus censetur permissum
*  Adiuvari nos non decipi beneficio oportet 
* Administrator non potest comprommitere in arbitrium
* Adoptare minor maiorem non potest Adoptio naturam imitatur
*  Ad tempus concessa post tempus censentur denegata 
* Adulterium sine dolo malo non commititur
* Adversus extraneos vitiosa possessio prodesse solet 
* Adversus naturale ius nulli quicquam agere licet 
* Adversus periculum naturalis ratio permittit se defendere 
* Advocati temperent se ab iniuria
*  Advocatorum error litigatoribus non nocet
*  Advocatus non accusat
*  Aequitas fuit causa introducendae fictionis
*  Aequitas in iudiciis inter litigantes servanda est 
* Aedificare in tuo proprio solo non licet quod alteri noceat 
* Aequitas compensationis usurarum excludit computationem 
* Aequitas non facti ius sed iuri auxiliatur
*  Aequitas numquam contravenit legi 
* Aequitas praefertur rigore iuris
*  Aequitas rigore debet praeferri 
* Aequitas sequitur legem
*  Aequitatem quoque ante oculos habere debet iudex
*  Aequum est ut cuius participavit lucrum participet et damnum 
* Aes debitorem leve, graviorem inimicum facit 
* Aestimatio libertatis ad infinitum extenderetur 
* Affectus punitur, etsi non sequatur effectus
* Affectus punitur licet non sequitur effectus
*  Agens ante diem, male agit 
* Agens rei vindicatione, dominium probare debet 
* Agere ad alterius utilitatem potest quis nomine proprio 
* Agere ex contractu non potest qui non observat contractum 
* Agere non valenti non currit praescriptio 
* Agere qui potest, excipere multo magis poterit 
* Aliena negotia exacto officio geruntur
* Alienatio facta in fraudem fisci non valet
* Alienatio rei praefertur iuri adscrescendi
* Alieno facto ius alterius non mutatur 
* Alienum negotium mea ratihabitione non facit meum 
* Alienus dolus nocere alteri non debet 
* Alimenta cum vita finiuntur
*  Alio modo, si sint mutatae conditiones personarum et negotiorum
* Aliud est capere aliud accipere 
* Aliud est celare aliud tacere
*  Aliud est credere, aliud deponere
*  Aliud est possidere aliud esse in possessione
*  Aliud est si per parem accuset vel maior minorem vel minor maiorem
* Aliud est veritatem tacere, aliud est falsitatem proponere 
* Aliud pro alio invito creditori solvi non potest
*  Allegans contraria non est audiendus 
* Allegans suam turpitudinem non est audiendus
* Allegare vel dicere non sufficit nisi illud probetur
* Alteri stipulari nemo potest Alterum non laedere 
* Alterius circumventio alii non praebet actionem
* Alterius contractu nemo obligatur
* Alterius mora alteri non nocet
*  Alterius negligentia alteri non obest
*  A maiore ad minus
*  Ambigua responsio contra proferentem est accipienda
*  Ambiguitas contra stipulatorem est 
* Ambiguitas verborum latens verificatione suppletur 
* Ambulatoria est voluntas defuncti usque ad vitae supremum exitum 
* Animus per signa extrinseca, vel per verba aut per instrumentum probari potest
*  Ante tempus debita exigi non possunt
*  Apertissimi iuris est licere litigatoribus iudices recusare
*  Apices iuris non sunt ius 
* Appellare licet regulariter in maioribus et minoribus in civilibus et criminalibus causis
* Appellatio admitenda videtur in dubio 
* Applicanda est lex reo favorabilior
*  Apud bonum iudicem argumenta plus quam testes valent
*  Arbiter tenetur compromisso recepto concludere et sententiare
*  Arbitramentum aequum tribuit cuique suum 
* Arbitrorum omnis potestas ex compromisso dependet
*  Argumenta non sunt numeranda sed ponderanda
* Argumentum a divisione est fortissimum in lege
* Argumentum a simili valet in lege Argumentum ab auctoritate est fortissimum in lege
* Argumentum ab inconvenienti plurimum valet in lege
* Assignatus utitur iure auctoris
* Atrocior est iniuria, si in conspectu iudicis facta est
* Auctoris dolus emptori non obicitur 
* Aucupia verborum sunt iudice indigna 
* Audaces fortuna iubat
* Audentes fortuna iuvat
*  Audaces fortuna iuvat non omnibus horis
*  Audi alteram partem Audi partem alteram 
* Audiatur et altera pars 
* Aut exhaeredare debet pater filium aut instituere, quia si eum praeterit, non valet testamentum
* A verbis legis non est recedendum
* Bellum omnium in omnes 
* Beneficium legis non debet esse captiosum
* Beneficium non confertur invito 
* Beneficium praetoris non debet esse alicui captiosum
* Beneficium unum a pluribus non possidetur
* Benigna sententia est praeferenda 
* Benignius leges interpretandae sunt, quo voluntas earum conservetur
* Bis de eadem re agere non liquet; bis de eadem re ne sit actio, crimen idem bis non cognoscentur y nemo bis punitur pro eodem delicto
* Bona fides exigit ut quod convenit fiat 
* Bona fides in transactionibus pro necessario requisito habetur
*  Bona fides de iure et bono inicio ad usucapiendum exigitur 
* Bona fides non patitur, ut semel exactum iterum exigatur 
* Bona fides praesumitur si titulus verus 
* Bona fides quae in contractibus exigitur aequitatem summam desiderat
*  Bona fides regulariter praesumitur 
* Bona fides semper praesumitur, nisi mala adesse probetur 
* Bonae fidei emptor esse videtur, qui ignoravit eam rem alienam esse 
* Bonae fidei possessor in percipiendis fructibus iuris habet 
* Bonam fidem in contractibus considerari aequum est 
* Boni iudicis est ampliare urisdictionem
* Boni iudicis est iudicium sine dilatione mandare executioni 
* Boni iudicis est lites dirimere ne lis ex lite oritur 
* Bonum sine ratione nullum est; sequitur autem ratio naturam 
* Bonus atque fidus / iudex honestum praetulit utili 
* Bonus iudex damnat improbanda non odit
*  Bonus iudex nihil ex arbitrio suo facit sed secundum leges et iura pronuntiat 
* Bonus iudex secundum aequum et bonum iudicat et aequitatem stricto iure praefert
* Calor iracundiae non excusat a delicto
* Casum sentit dominus 
* Casum sentit is quem tangit 
* Casus a nullo praestantur
* Casus fortuitus a mora excusat 
* Casus fortuitus excusat conductorem 
* Casus fortuitus in nullo contractu praestatur 
* Casus omissus habetur pro omisso 
* Causa causae est etiam causa causati 
* Causa criminalis non praeiudicat civili 
* Causa fictionis est aequitas
*  Cautela abundans non nocet 
* Cautio iudicatum solvi 
* Caveat emptor 
* Cavendum est a fragmentis
*  Cavere aut carere 
* Cedant arma togae
*  Cedi ius personale alii non potest 
* Census et monumenta publica potiora sunt testibus
*  Cepisse quis intellegitur, quamvis alii adquirit 
* Certo corpore legato demonstratio falsa posita non peremit legatum
* Certum confessus, pro iudicato erit, incertum, non erit 
* Certum est quod certum reddi potest
* Cessante causa cessat effectus
* Cessante causa finali cessat effectus
* Cessante causa prohibitionis cessat prohibitio
* Cessante ratione iuris cessat eius dispositio 
* Cessante ratione legis cessat ipsa lex
* Cessante statu primitivo cessat derivativus
* Cessat lex ubi venit necessitas
* Cessionarius est pro creditore
* Cessionarius utitur iure cedentis
* Circuitus est evitandus
* Clausula in fine posita refertur ad omnia praecedentia
* Clandestina iniusta praesumuntur
* Clausula generalis non refertur ad expressa
* Clausula quae abrogationem excludit ab initio non valet
* Clausula rebus sic stantibus semper intelligitur in contractibus
* Clausula specialis praefertur generali
* Clausula vel dispositio inutilis per praesumptionem remotam vel causam ex post facto non fulcitur
* Clausulae insolitae inducunt suspicionem
*  Coacta voluntas stricta iuris ratione voluntas est 
* Coactus volui 
* Cogitationis poenam nemo patitur
*  Cohaeredes una persona censentur propter unitatem iuris quod habent
* Collegium non moritur 
* Commercium iure gentium commune debet esse
* Commoda ferens, incommoda et onera sustinere debet
* Commodum eius esse debet, cuius periculum est
* Commodum est emptoris 
* Commodum quando sentire debeat, qui tulit incommodum
* Commodum ex inuria non oritur
* Commodum ex iniuria sua nemo habere debet 
* Communio est mater discordiarum 
* Communem rem habentes, non possunt regulariter super illud disponere 
* Communis error facit ius 
* Communis opinio habet autoritatem, non tam quia multorum est, quam quod ratione nititur
* Communis opinio habet vim consuetudinis
*  Communitas est causa discordiae 
* Compendiosa doctrina vel unius casus, vel plurium, in quibus eadem ratio est
* Compensatio compensationis non datur 
* Compensatio dicitur esse ficta solutio 
* Compensatio lucri cum damno 
* Compensatio non admittitur de specie ad speciem
*  Conceptus pro iam nato habetur 
* Concessum de uno negatur de altero 
* Concursu partes fiunt 
* Condicio in contractibus condicionalibus trahitur retro ad tempus celebrati contractus
* Condicio possidentis melior est in pari causa turpitudinis 
* Condicio suspendit actum
*  Condicio suspendit sed non cogit
* Condiciones, quae contra bonos mores inseruntur, remittendae sunt
* Conductor omnia secundum legem conductionis facere debet
* Confes si pro iudicatis habentur 
* Confessio facta in iudicio non potest retractari
* Confessio in favorem confitentis debet interpretari
* Confessio in uno iudicio facta in alio nocet
* Confessio iudicialis pro plena probatione habetur
* Confessio iuris errantis non praeiudicat
* Confessio omnem praesumptionem excludit 
* Confessio sine causa debendi nihil probat
*  Confessio vero per metum vel per fraudem extorta non valet
* Confessos in iure pro iudicatis haberi placet
*  Confessus pro iudicato est
*  Confirmare nemo potest priusquam ius ei acciderit
* Confirmatio nihil dat novi
*  Confirmatio non extendit actum sed corroborat 
* Confirmatio omnes supplet defectus
*  Confusione perinde exstingitur obligatio ac solutione
* Conscia mens recti famae mendacia risit
*  Conscientia mille testes
*  Consensu convenire intellegitur 
* Consensus domini negotium praecedere potest et subsequi
* Consensus facit nuptias 
* Consensus, id est, pactio coniugalis, matrimonium facit
* Consensus iniuste denegatus pro dato habetur
* Consensus non concubitus facit matrimonium
* Consensus tollit errorem
* Consentire iurisdictioni videtur qui sciunt se non esse subiectos iurisdictioni eius et in eum consentiunt
* Consentire matrimonio non possunt infra annos nubiles 
* Consentire videtur qui longo tempore patitur
*  Consequentiae non est consequentia; sed sisti debet extensio intra casus proximos
* Consilium habuisse non nocet, nisi et factum secutum fuerit 
* Consilium non punitur nisi ad malum tendere probetur
*  Constitutiones principum nec ignorare quemquam nec dissimulare permittimus
* Consuetudinis ususque longaevi non vilis auctoritas est 
* Consuetudo esse debet uniformis 
* Consuetudo est altera lex
*  Consuetudo est optima legum interpres
*  Consuetudo legis species est 
* Consuetudo loci est observanda 
* Consuetudo non derogat iure naturali
*  Consuetudo non praesumitur, sed probanda 
* Consuetudo semel reprobata non potest amplius induci 
* Consuetudo sine veritate et iustitia vetustas erroris est 
* Consuetudo tollit communem legem 
* Contemporanea expositio est optima et fortissima in lege 
* Contestatio pro petitione habetur
*  Contra absentes gesta ipso iure nulla sunt
* Contra eum, qui legem dicere potuit apertius, est interpretatio facienda 
* Contra absentia iusta excusatio admittitur
* Contra legem facit, qui id facit quod lex prohibet, in fraudem vero, qui salvis verbis legis sententiam eius circumvenit
* Contra negantem principia non est disputandum
* Contra non valentem agere non currit praescriptio
* Contractus contra legem prohibentem ipso iure nullus est
* Contractus ad heredes transeunt
* Contractus ex conventione legem accipere dinoscuntur
* Contractus mandati solo consensu perficitur
* Contractus non inter absentes sit, nisi nuntio vel epistula interveniente 
* Contractus nullus dicit, qui in re, forma vel materia peccat
* Contrarius sensus legis pro lege accipitur
* Contraxisse unusquisque in eo loco intellegitur, in quo ut solveret se obligavit 
* Contumaces non videntur, nisi qui, cum oboedire deberent, non obsequuntur 
* Conventio perficit emptionem
* Copulatio verborum indicat acceptationem in eodem sensu
* Corpora communia sed non pecunia
* Corpore et animo possessioni incumbere, iurisperiti dicunt, quia possessio non tantum corpore sed animo etiam retinetur 
* Credenda est scriptura 
* Creditor in pignore proprietatem non habet, sed ius in re specificum
* Creditor non tenetur aliam pro alia moneta accipere 
* Creditor potest eligere an velit pignus persequi, an debitorem convenire
* Creditor quando succedit debitori actiones confunduntur 
* Crescit contumelia ex persona eius qui contumelia fecit
* Crimen vel poena paterna nullam maculam filio inflingere potest
* Cui damus actionem, eidem et exceptionem competere multo magis qui dixerit
* Cui datur actio, ei multo magis exceptio
* Cui licet quod est plus, licet utique quod est minus 
* Cui usus relictus est, uti potest, frui non potest
* Cuicumque aliquis quid concedit concedere videtur et id sine quo res ipsa esse non potuit
* Cuilibet in sua arte perito est credendum
* Cuius commoda eius incommoda
* Cuius commoda, ibi ius
* Cuius commodum eius et incommodum
* Cuius est dare eius est disponere
* Cuius est instituere eius est abrogare
* Cuius est solum eius est usque ad coelum
* Cuius regio eius religio
* Culpa caret qui scit sed prohibere non potest
* Culpa commitere potest quis in re propria
* Culpa dolo proxima dolum repraesentat
* Culpa est immiscere se rei ad se non pertinente
* Culpa lata dolo aequiparatur
* Culpa lata dolus est praesumptus
* Culpa non caret qui rei non intellectae se immiscet
* Culpam esse, quod a diligente provideri poterit, non esse provisum aut tum denuntiatum esset, cum periculum evitari non possit
* Culpam poena premit comes
* Culpa tutoris non nocet pupilo 
* Cum a lege specialiter non prohibetur permittitur tacite 
* Cum in verbis nulla ambiguitas est, non debet admitti voluntatis quaestio 
* Cum fundus fundo servit, vendito quoque fundo servitutes sequuntur
* Cum lex in praeteritum quid indulget, in futurum vetat Cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur
*  Cum semel adita est hereditas, omnis defuncti voluntas rata constituitur
* Curiosus igitur debet esse creditur, quo vertatur 
* Currit tempus a tempore scientiae et potentiae
*  Cursus curiae est lex curiae
* Da mihi factum, dabo tibi ius Damnatio partes facit 
* Damnatus ille est ubi damnatio tenuit
* Damnum pati videtur, qui commodum amittit
* Damnum sine iniuria esse potest
* Damnum, quod quis sua culpa sensit, sibi debet, non aliis imputare
* Damnum quod quis sua culpa sentit, sibi et non alteri debet imputare
* Dare est dominium transferre Dare in solutum est vendere
* Debet factum ita clare proponere, ut ex eo ius agendi colligatur
* Debitoris est electio in contractibus
* De duobus malis minus est eligendum 
* De exemplis ius hauriendum sit, ubi lex deficit 
* De fide et officio iudicis non recipitur quaestio 
* Deficiente heredis institutione testamentum nullum est 
* De internis non iudicat praetor 
* De iure non rescinditur, cum ipso iure fit nulla 
* De legibus tunc iudicandum est, cum instituuntur, non cum institutae fuerint 
* De minimis non curat lex 
* De minimis non curat praetor 
* De momento ad momentum tempus inspicitur
*  De muliere tacite stipulata, contra quam praesumptionem non admittitur probatio in contrarium
* De nihilo nihilum, in nihilum nil posse reverti 
* De non apparentibus et non existentibus eadem est ratio 
* De qua re cognoverit iudex, pronunciare quoque cogendus erit 
* De similibus idem est iudicium 
* De suo, non de alieno iure quemque agere oportet 
* De suspicionibus non debet aliquem damnari
*  Debet esse titulus secundum ius Debile fundamentum fallit opus 
* Debitor non potest impedire venditionem pignus
*  Debitum et contractus sunt nullius loci 
* Deceptis, non decipientibus, opitulatur
*  De eadem re non bis sit actio
* Definitiva sententia, quae condemnationem vel absolutionem non continet, pro iusta non haberi
* Delegata potestas delegari non potest
* Delicta continuata dicantur unum
* Delictum defuncti non transit in heredem, sed condemnatio
* Denuncians falso impune non habet
* Derivata potestas non potest esse maior primitiva
* Destitisse autem is videtur non qui distulit, sed qui liti renuntiavit in totum
* Debita sequuntur persona debitoris
* Diei adiectio pro reo est, non pro stipulatore
* Dies a quo non computatur in termino sed computatur dies ad quem
* Dies dominicus non est iuridicus
* Dies incerta pro condicione habetur
* Dies incertus appellatur condicio
* Dies incertus condicionem in testamento facit
* Dies interpellat pro homine
* Dies pro domino interpellat
* Dies ultimus pro completo habetur
* Diligenter fines mandati custodiendi sunt
* Diligentia quam in suis
* Diliges proximum tuum sicut teipsum
* Diliges proximum tuum tamquam teipsum
* Dispensatio praecepti facta est propter necessitatem
* Diuturni mores consensu utentium comprobati legem imitantur
* Divus Traianus Adsidio Severo rescripsit: satius enim esse impunitum relinqui facinus nocentis quam innocentem damnari
* Do ut des
* Doctor qui imperite consulit, damnum passo satisfacere tenetur
* Dolo facit, qui petit quod redditurus est Dolo facit, qui petit quod restituere oportet eundem 
* Dolum auctoris bona fide emptori non nocere, certi iuris est
* Dolum ex indiciis perspicuis probari convenit
* Dolum non praesumi 
* Dolum praesumi a lege
*  Dolum proprium allegare quis non debet 
* Dolus a fraude differt velut genus a specie
*  Dolus dolo compensatu
*  Dolus ex qualitate facti consideratur 
* Dolus non praesumitur (in dubio)
*  Dolus omnimodo puniatur 
* Dolus semper praestatur Dolus volenti non infertur 
* Dominus ab alterius culpam tenetur, sive servi sive liberi 
* Dominus membrorum suorum nemo videtur 
* Domus sua cuique est tutissimum refugium 
* Donare est perdere 
* Donare nemo potest quod non habet 
* Donatio causa remunerationis non dicitur vera donatio
*  Donatio inofficiosa tantum rescinditur usque ad legitimam 
* Donatio non est modus adquirendi sed titulus 
* Donatio omnium bonorum dilapidatio non autem diligens administratio est
* Donatio omnium bonorum nulla est
*  Donatio revocatur per atrocem iniuriam
*  Donationis causa contrahi locatio non potest
*  Donationes sint stricti iuris, ne quis plus donasse presumatur quam in donatione expresserit
* Donatori plus favetur quam donatario 
* Dormiunt aliquando leges, moriuntur numquam 
* Dos sine matrimonio esse non potest 
* Duas uxores eodem tempore habere non liceo
*  Dubia in meliorem partem interpretari debent
*  Dum excusare credis, accusas 
* Duo non possunt in solidum unam rem possidere
*  Dura lex, sed lex
*  Durum est, sed ita lex scripta est
* Ea cessante cesset lex
*  Ea, quae contra leges fiunt, pro infectis habenda sunt 
* Ea, quae sunt moris et consuetudinis, in bonae fidei iudiciis debent venire 
* Eadem mensura vel moneta debetur quae erat tempore contractus 
* Eae obligationes, quae consensu contrahuntur, contraria voluntate dissolvuntur
* Ebrius aequiparatur infanti et sicut infans non punitur delinquendo ita etiam ebrius
* Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit non qui negat
*  Eius est electio in cuius favorem alternativa adiecta est
* Eius est legem interpretare, cuius est condere
* Electa una via per partem ad aliam non potest venire
* Electio semel facta non facile est cassanda
* Emptio consensu peragitur
* Emptio rei suae sive a sciente sive ab ignorante non valet
* Emptio tollit locatum
* Emptio ut consistat pretium debet dari in quantitae et non in specie
* Emptor curiosus esse debet
* Emptor rei locatae potest expellere conductorem ante tempus, nisi aliud convenit inter eum et venditorem...
* Emptori etiam venditoris iura prodesse non ambigitur
* Emptori quidem fundi necesse non est stare colonum, cui prior dominus locavit, nisi ea lege emit
* Enumeratio infirmat vim legis in casibus non enumeratis
* Epistula enim non erubescit 
* Errantis voluntas nulla est
*  Errans in iure non excusatur
* Error communis facit ius 
* Error excludit dolum et in dubio potius praesumitur error quam dolos 
* Error facit ius
* Error facti necdum finito negotio nemini nocet 
* Error iuris sive facti non prodest
*  Errore veritas non amittitur 
* Et adispicimus possessionem corpore et animo; neque per se animo neque per se corpore
* Et apiscimur possessionem corpore et animo; neque per se animo neque per se corpore
* Et non facere facere est 
* Et hoc argumentamur ex antiqua regula, quae voluit hererem heredis testatoris esse heredem
* Etiam ignorantis invitique meliorem condicionem facere licet
*  Etiam quod natura debetur, venit in compensationem 
* Et ideo requiritur binarius testium 
* Et verum est habere, licet difficilis est
*  Eum, qui certus est, certiorari ulterius non oportet 
* Ex antecedentibus et consequentibus fit optima interpretatio 
* Executio iuris non habet iniuriam 
* Executio legis coronat opus 
* Exceptionem qui ponere potest, actionem intentare potest 
* Exceptio confirmat regulam in contrarium in aliis non exceptuatis 
* Exceptio firmat vim legis in casibus non exceptis 
* Exceptio non rite adimpleti contractus 
* Exceptio probat regulam 
* Ex consilio nemo obligatur nisi sit fraudulentum 
* Ex commutata forma substantiali res non dicitur eadem 
* Ex die incipit obligatio
*  Ex dolo malo non oritur actio 
* Ex facto ius oritur
*  Ex facto non sequitur id quod sequi videtur 
* Ex initio falsi commissi, iusta possessio non paratur 
* Ex iudicio lex punit
* Ex lege fit ius 
* Ex maleficio non oritur contractus
*  Ex malis moribus bonae leges oriuntur 
* Ex multitudine signorum colligitur identitas vera
* Ex nihilo, nihil facit
*  Ex non scripto ius venit, quod usus comprobavit
* Ex nudo pacto non oritur actio 
* Ex Oriente lux ex Occidente ius
*  Ex pacto actio nulla nascitur 
* Ex persona ius oritur
*  Ex Roma ius 
* Ex scientia praesumitur consensus
*  Ex sententia fit ius 
* Ex turpi causa non oritur actio 
* Exceptio actorem excludit, replicatio reum
* Exceptio firmat regulam (in casibus non exceptis)
* Excusatio non petita, accusatio manifesta
* Executio est fructus et finis legis
*  Ex pacto illicito non oritur actio 
* Expedit rei publica ne quis re sua male utatur
* Expressa nocent non expressa non nocent
* Expressio eorum quae tacite insunt nihil operatur
* Expressio unius est exclusio alterius
*  Expressum facit cessare tacitum
* Extinguitur crimen mortalitate
*  Extra territorium ius dicenti impune non paretur
* Ex tribus saltem personis
* Facere iniuriam nemo, nisi qui scit se iniuriam facere, potest
* Facere videtur qui iubet et mandat
*  Facilior debet esse iudex ad absolvendum quam ad condemnandum
* Facta non praesumuntur sed probantur
* Facta pro infectis haberi non possunt
* Factum alienum inutiliter promittitur
* Factum alterius alteri prodest 
* Factum est illud: fieri infectum non potest
* Factum non potest esse infectum
* Factum spectatur, non quod debuit fieri
* Falsa demonstratio non nocet
*  Falsa demonstratione legatum non peremit
* Falsa grammatica non vitiat chartam
* Falsi procuratoris gesta possint ratificari
* Falsus in uno falsus in omnibus
* Favorabilior est rei causa quam actoris
* Favoralia amplianda
* Favoralia sunt amplianda, odiosa sunt restringenda
* Favor debitoris 
* Favor rei Favolabiliores rei potius quam actores habetur 
* Fetus occisio quocumque modo et quocumque tempore a momento conceptionis procuretur
* Fiat iustitia et pereat mundus
*  Fiat iustitia, pereat licet integer orbis 
* Fiat iustitia, ruat coelum 
* Fictio habet vim veritatis 
* Fidem frangenti fides frangitur 
* Fidem non servanti fides servanda non est 
* Fides bona contraria est fraudi et dolo 
* Fides est fundamentum iustitiae 
* Fides est dictorum conventorumque constantia et veritas 
* Fides non est servanda ei qui prior fidem fregit
*  Filius adoptivus habet imaginem filii naturalis 
* Filius naturalis ventrem sequitur 
* Fiscus ex suis contractibus usuras non dat, sed ipse accipit 
* Fiscus non erubescit
*  Fiscus semper idoneus successor sit et solvendo 
* Fiscus semper locuples
*  Forma est quae dat esse rei 
* Fortes fortuna iuvat
* Forum delicti comissi 
* Forum est ubi domicilium est
* Fractionem diei non recipit lex 
* Frangenti fidem, fides non est servanda 
* Fraudem suam nemo debet allegare
*  Fraus est celare fraudem 
* Fraus et dolus nemini debent patrocinari 
* Fraus nemini prodest 
* Fraus omnia corrumpit
*  Fructuarius causam proprietatis deteriorem facere non debent, meliorem facere potest
* Fructus dicuntur deductis impensis 
* Fructus intelleguntur deductis impensis 
* Fructus pendentes dicuntur esse pars rei 
* Fructus pendentes pars fundi videntur 
* Frui pro parte possumus, uti pro parte non possumus 
* Frustra probatur quod probatum non relevat
*  Frustra sibi fidem quis postulat ab eo servari, cui fidem a se praestitam servare recusat
* Fumo periit, qui fumum vendidit Fumo punitur qui vendidit fumum 
* Fumus boni iuris 
* Fur semper in mora 
* Furor superveniens non perimit actum prius perfectum 
* Furtum sine affectu furandi non committur
* Gallus putat non posse ita servitutem imponit, ut quis facere aliquid cogeretur
* Genera non pereunt Generale nihil certi implicat
*  Generale dictum generale est interpretandum
* Generalia specialibus derogant
*  Generalis clausula non prorrigitur ad ea quae antea specialiter sunt comprehensa
* Generalis regula generaliter est intelligenda 
* Generalitati legis est standum
*  Generi per speciem derogatur
*  Genus numquam perit 
* Genus perire non potest 
* Gratuitum debet esse commodatum 
* Grave est fidem fallere
* Habet rei vindicationem qui non habet possessionem 
* Habetur quod peti potest 
* Hanc si tollas, tollis mutua inter Principes commercia... quin et tollis ipsum ius pentium
* Heredis appellatione heredes heredis continentur 
* Hereditas enim non heredis personam, sed defuncti sustinet 
* Hereditas numquam ascendit
*  Hereditas personam defuncti substinet
*  Hereditas pro parte adiri nequit
* Hereditas semel repudiata adiri nequit
*  Hereditas sub condicione adirii non potest
*  Heredum appellatione veniunt heredes heredum in infinitum
* Heres eadem persona cum defuncto fingitur
*  Heres est aut iure proprietatis aut iure representationis
* Heres est eadem persona cum defuncto
*  Heres heredis mei meus heres est
*  Heres non potest venire contra factum defuncti 
* Heres substitutus excludit cohaeredem 
* Heres tenetur praestare factum defuncti 
* Hominum causa omne ius constitutum sit 
* Homo homini lupus 
* Homo homini persona 
* Homo sacra res homini
* Iam non sunt duo sed una caro
*  Ianua omnium vitiorum est iracundia
*  Ibi semper causa agatur ubi crimen admittitur
*  Id certum est quod certum reddi potest, sed id magis certum est quod de semetipso est
* Ignorantia facti, non iuris, excusat 
* Ignorantia facti proprii neminem excusat; ignorantia facti alieni excusat
*  Ignorantia iudicis calamitas innocentis
* Ignorantia iuris canonici sive civilis neminem excusat regulariter
* Ignorantia iuris licet a dolo excusat
*  Ignorantia iuris nemini prodest 
* Ignorantia iuris nocet
* Ignorantia iuris non excusat
* Ignorantia legis non excusat
* Ignorantia saepe tam iuris quam facti excusare potest
* Iis legibus (imperator) Caesar Vespasianus solutus sit
* Illicite factum obligationem inducit
* Impedito agere bene currit praescriptio quando ipse impedimentum removere potui et negligens in removendo fuit
* Impossibilium nulla obligatio est 
* Immobilia pupilli sine decreto superioris tutor alienare non potest Immo secundum allegata 
* Impossibilis condicio pro non scripta habetur 
* Impossibilitas superveniens non vitiat obligationem aut contractum 
* In aequali iure melior est condicio possidentis 
* In alienam voluntatem conferri legatum non potest
*  In alieni facti ignorantia tolerabilis error est
*  In alternativis debitoris est electio, et sufficit alterum adimpleri 
* In alternativis est electio venditoris
*  In ambigua voce legis ea potius accipenda est significatio, quae vitio caret
* In ambiguis rebus humaniorem sententiam sequi oportet
*  In ambiguo sermone non utrumque dicimus, sed id dumtaxat quod volumus
* In Anglia non est interregnum
* In argumentum trahi nequeunt, quae propter necessitatem aliquando sunt concessa
* In eadem observationem numeramus et dies solis, quos dominicos rite dixere maiores, qui repetitio in se calculo revolvuntur
* In bonae fidei contractibus ex mora usurae debentur
*  In casibus omissis deducenda est norma legis a similibus 
* In casu extremae necessitatis omnia sunt communia
*  In causa ius esse positum
*  In claris non fit interpretatio
*  In communione vel societate nemo compellitur invitus detineri 
* In condicionibus testamentorum voluntatem potius quam verba, considerari oportet
* In contractibus rei veritas potius quam scriptura prospici debet 
* In contractis tacite insunt quae sunt moris et consuetudinis
*  In contrahendis matrimoniis naturale ius et pudor inspiciendus est
*  In conventionibus contrahentium voluntatem potius quam verba spectari placuit 
* In criminali negotio rei forum accusator sequatur 
* Indicium unum indicium nullum 
* In disiunctivis sufficit alteram partem esse veram In dubiis, semper benigniora praeferenda sunt 
* In dubio absolvitur reus
*  In dubio, abstine 
* In dubio benigniora
*  In dubio contra fideicommissum 
* In dubio contra fiscum
*  In dubio contra stipulatorem 
* In dubio, contra proferentem
* In dubio facienda est interpretatio, quae aequalitatem conservat
* In dubio minus 
* In dubio non est praesumendum delictum 
* In dubio pars mitior est sequenda
* In dubio pro debitore
*  In dubio pro herede 
* In dubio pro lege
*  In dubio pro libertate 
* In dubio pro matrimonio
* In dubio pro operario
* In dubio pro possessore
*  In dubio pro reo
*  In dubio pro testamento 
* In dubio pro validitate 
* In dubio pro validitate testamento
*  In dubio quod minimum est sequimur 
* In eo quod plus sit semper inest et minus
*  In errore communi de facto aut de iure suplet Ecclesia potestatem regiminis exsecutivam
* In exceptione reus actor est et probare debet exceptionem
* In fictione iuris semper aequitas existit
*  In fictione iuris semper subsistit aequitas
*  In fideicommisso non heredi sed testatori succeditur 
* Infitiatio non est furtum
*  In his, quae contra rationem iuris constituta sunt, non possumus sequi regulam iuris
* Iniuria volenti non irrogatur
*  In illiquidis non fit mora 
* In iudicando criminosa est celeritas
*  In iudiciis non est acceptio personarum habenda
*  In iure erranti non procedit usucapio
*  In iure no remota causa sed proxima spectatur
*  In lege Aquilia et levissima culpa venit In legibus et statutis brevioris stili, extensio facienda est liberius 
* In maiore minus inest In maiore summa continetur minor 
* In maleficiis voluntas spectatur, non exitus In maleficio ratihabitio mandato comparatur 
* In obscuris minimum est sequendum In obscuro libertas praevalet In omni contractu bonam fidem praestare debet 
* In omnibus agendis inoffensus esse debet iudicium affectus non susceptus 
* In omnibus speciebus liberationum etiam accessiones liberantur
*  In pari causa turpitudinis cessat repetitio In pari delicto vel causa potior est condicio possidentis
*  In pignore autem nihil nisi quaedam securitas est solutione In poenam heres non succedit 
* In poenis benignior est interpretatio facienda 
* In praesentia maioris cessat potestas minoris
*  In praeteritum non vivitur
* In pretio emptionis et venditionis naturaliter licet contrahentibus se circumvenire
* In re communi, potior est condicio prohibentis In remediis versatur ius
*  In rem suam auctoritatem accomodare tutorem non potest
* In societatis contractibus fides exuberet
* In suo alii hactenus facere licet, quatenus nihil in alienum immittat
* In toto partem non est dubium contineri
* Inaudita causa quemquam damnari aequitatis ratio non patitur 
* Incertam partem possidere nemo potest
* Incivile est nisi tota lege perspecta una aliqua particula eius proposita iudicare vel respondere
* Inclusio unius, exclusio alterius
* Indicium unum tollit aliud
* Infitiando depositum nemo facit furtum
* Iniquum petendum, ut aequum feras
* Iniuria ex affectu facientis consistit
* Iniuriarum aestimatio non ad id tempus, quo iudicatur, sed ad id, quo facta est, referri debet
* In pari causa potior est prohibentis condicio
* In rebus novis constituendis evidens esse utilitas debet, ut recedatur ab eo iure, quod diu aequum visum est
* In re communi nemo dominorum iure facere quicquam invito altero potest
* In rem suam auctoritatem accomodare tutorem non potest 
* In re obscura melius est favere repetitioni quam adventicio lucro 
* In re pari potior est causa prohibentis
* Instrumentum in dubio interpretatur ut in eo mala grammatica non contineatur
* Instrumentum in uno falsum non in totius falsum praesumitur
* Intellegitur concessum quod non est prohibitum 
* Inter alios acta vel iudicata aliis non nocet
*  Inter arma, silent leges 
* Inter coheredes communicantur commoda et incommoda
* Inter genus et speciem
* Inter copulatos est coniugium ratum 
* Inter venditorem et emptorem coniunguntur tempora
*  Interest nostra potius non solvere quam solutum repetere 
* Interest rei publicae ne maleficia remaneant impunita 
* Interest rei publicae ut sit finis litium 
* Interpretatio fieri debet semper ut actus valeat 
* Interpretatione legum poenae molliendae sunt potius, quam asperandae
* Interventu novae personae nova nascitur obligatio, et prima tollitur
* Inutile est testamentum, in quo nemo heres instituitur
*  Inveterada consuetudo pro lege non immerito custoditur
*  Invito beneficium non datur 
* Invito creditori aliud pro alio solvitur
*  Invito nemini bonorum possessio adquiritur
*  Invitus agere vel accusare nemo cogatur
*  Invitus dicitur, qui expressum non consentit
*  Invitus liberari potest
*  Invitus nemo rem cogitur defendere 
* Invitus procurator non solet dari
*  Invitus procurationem suscipere nemo cogitur
* Ira non excusat delictum
* Is potest repudiare, qui et adquirere potest
* Is, qui in ius succedit alterius, eo iure, quo ille, uti debebit
* Is, qui precario habet, etiam possidet
* Iudex competens est, qui ordinariam iurisdictionem habet
* Iudex damnatur cum nocens absolvitur
* Iudex damnatur ubi nocens absolvitur
* Iudex debet stare semper et iudicare ad cartam et secundum quod in ea continetur nisi aliquod imposibile, vel contra ius naturale continetur in ea
* Iudex est interpres iustitiae Iudex ex conscientia iudicare debet 
* Iudex in causa propria quis esse non potest Iudex in propria causa nequit cognoscere 
* Iudex iudicare debet secundum allegata et probata partibus Iudex neminem debet condemmare nisi accusatum 
* Iudex non potest pertransire, quod principaliter in iudicio proponitur
* Iudex parte absente definitive in causa agere potest 
* Iudex qui omittit id quod facere debet punitur 
* Iudex suspectus excusatur 
* Iudicandum est secundum allegata et probata
*  Iudicare secundum ea quae in iudicio proponuntur et probantur
* Iudicati actio datur in eum qui non est condemnatus 
* Iudicem non posse recusari sine causa 
* Iudices sententiae suae ratione adducant 
* Iudicia, anchorae legum sunt, ut leges rei publicae
* Iudices ad restitutionem usurarum possunt compellere
* Iudicis est ius dicere non dare Iudicis sententia pro veritate accipitur
*  Iudicium non potest esse super futuro 
* Iudicium non potest pendere ex voluntate litigantium
* Iudicium pro veritate accipitur
*  Iura enim naturalia sunt immutabilia
*  Iura humana universalia sunt
* Iura naturae sunt inmutabilia 
* Iura naturalia immutabilia sunt 
* Iura non in singulas personas, sed generaliter constituuntur
*  Iura novit curia Iuramentum est indivisibile, et non est admitendum in parte verum et in parte falsum
* Iuravi mihi non liquere atque ita iudicatu illo solutus sum Iure gentium hoc introductum est, ut cunctis hominibus inter se libera esset negotiandi facultas
* Iure naturae enim aequum est neminem cum alterius detrimento et iniuria fieri locupletiorem
* Iure naturali ad quem spectat rei commodum spectare debet et damnum 
* Iurare rem sibi non liquere iudex licet
*  Iuris error nulli prodest
*  Iuris executio non habet iniuriam 
* Iuris ignorantia non prodest adquirere volentibus, suum vero petentibus non nocet 
* Iurisdictio territorio cohaeret
 * Iuris praecepta sunt haec: honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere
* Iurisperitus non excusatur a dolo per ignorantiam iuris
* Ius et fraus nunquam cohabitant 
* Ius est in natura; natura hominis socialis est
*  Ius ex facto oritur 
* Ius ex iuniuria non oritur 
* Ius interpretari circa veritatem
*  Ius privatum, sub tutela iuris publici, latet
*  Ius publicum privatorum pactis mutari non potest
* Iusiurandum vicem rei iudicatae optinet Ius soli sequitur aedificium 
* Iustum est ut omnia sint ordinatissima 
* Iustus es, Domine, et rectum iudicium tuum
* Lata culpa plane dolo comparabitur 
* Legato falsa causa non nocet Legatum in alienam voluntatem poni potest, in heredis non potest
*  Legatum nemo propria auctoritate ocupare potest 
* Legem brevem esse oportet, quo facilius ab imperitis teneatur 
* Legem patere quam ipse fecisti 
* Leges generales non debent extendendi ad leges quae habent suam particularem provisionem
* Leges habent maximam virtutem ex consuetudine
*  Leges intellegi ab omnibus debent 
* Leges naturae in statu naturae silent
* Leges non sunt de facili mutandae
* Leges posteriores corrigere solent leges priores
* Leges posteriores priores abrogant
* Leges posteriores priores contrarias abrogant
* Leges vigilantibus scriptae sunt
* Legis enim est, qui inscienter peccat, scienter emmendet
* Legis tantum interest ut certa sit, ut absque hoc nec iusta esse potest
* Legitima adminicula non sunt deneganda
* Legitima de fideicomisso detrahenda
* Legitima filii non continetur sub fideicomisso universali
* Lex Angliae est lex misericordiae
* Lex civilis naturalia iura tollere non potest
* Lex erit manifesta, secundum naturam, secundum consuetudinem civitatis, loco temporique conveniens, iusta et aequabilia praescribens, congruens, honesta et digna, utilis et necessaria
* Lex facit, quod ipse est rex 
* Lex in futurum vetat in praeteritum indulget 
* Lex iniqua non habet rationem legis Lex iubeat, non disputet 
* Lex naturae haec est, ut qui nascitur sine legitimo matrimonio matrem sequatur
* Lex naturalis est una omnium, quia praecepta communia continet Lex neminem cogit ad impossibilia 
* Lex non cogit ad impossibilia 
* Lex non extenditur contra rationem iuris communis
*  Lex plus laudatur quando ratione probatur
*  Lex posterior derogat priori
* Lex posterior generalis non derogat legi priori speciali
* Lex rebus imponitur non verbis Lex retro non agit Lex semper dabit remedium
* Lex semper loquitur
*  Lex specialis derogat generali 
* Lex spectat naturae ordinem
*  Libello conformis debet esse sententia 
* Libertati in dubio favetur 
* Licet actio ex delicto in heredem non detur, datur tamen exceptio 
* Licet lata culpa in criminibus dolo non equiparetur 
* Licet legibus soluti sumus, attamen legimus vivimos 
* Licitum est contrahentibus sine dolo se decipere
*  Limitata causa limitatum producit effectum 
* Linea recta semper praefertur transversali 
* Lis pendere incipit; et ideo statim locum habet principium lite pendente, nihil innovetur
* Lite pendente nihil innovetur
*  Lites debent celeriter terminari 
* Lites restringenda sint potius quam laxandae
*  Litora, in quae populus Romanus imperium habet, populi Romani esse arbitror
*  Litorum quoque usus publicus iuris gentium est Locare servitutem nemo potest
*  Locatio et conductio contrahi intellegitur, si de mercede convenerit
*  Locatio sine mercede certa contrahi non potest
* Locupletari non debet aliquis cum alterius iniuria vel iactura
* Locus regit actum Longaevi enim usus et consuetudinis non est vilis auctoritas
* Lucrum amittere non est semper damnum sentire
* Lupus est homo homini, non homo
* Magis punitur, et crimen augetur si perseveraverit in delicto
*  Magna negligentia culpa est: magna culpa dolus est 
* Maiorem diligentiam in rebus alienis quam in propriis quis praestare debet
*  Maius continet minus 
* Mala fides superveniens de iure canonico nocet praescribente 
* Mala fides superveniens nocet 
* Mala fides superveniens non nocet 
* Mala fides superveniens quae interrumpat praescriptionem et faciat cessare publicianam
* Mala grammatica non vitiat chartam
*  Malae fidei possessorem esse qui contra legem aliquid mercatur
*  Male nostro iure uti non debemus
*  Male verum examinat omnis corruptus iudex 
* Malitia et dolus nemini debent patrocinari 
* Malitia supplet aetatem
*  Malus usus abolendus est 
* Mandatam sibi iurisdictionem mandare alteri non posse manifestum est
* Mandatum ad transigendum et vendendum debet esse speciale
* Mandatum non est obligatorium, quod contra bonos mores est
* Mandatum solvitur morte Mandatum, nisi gratuitum, nullum est
* Manifesta non indigent demonstratione vel probatione
* Manifestum est quod per personarum acceptionem iudicium corrumpitur
* Mater semper certa est, pater vero is est, quem nuptiae demonstrant
* Matrimonialis viri et mulieris coniunctio indissolubilis est
* Matrimonium enim contrahitur per legitimum uiri et mulieris consensum 
* Matrimonium facit coitus
* Matrimonium facit partium consensus
* Matrimonium inter invitos non contrahitur
* Matrimonium ratum et consummatum nulla humana potestate nullaque causa, praeterquam morte, dissolvi potest
* Matrimonium solo consensu contrahitur 
* Mea mihi conscientia pluris est quam omnis sermo
* Medicus de imperitia tenetur
*  Melior causa erit possidentis
*  Melior est condicio defendentis
*  Melior est condicio possessoris
*  Melior est condicio possidentis 
* Melius est bene facientes... pati quam male facientes
* Melius est sensum magis quam verba amplecti
* Mente captus donare non potest
*  Mente captus non potest contrahere
* Mentiri non licet agendo 
* Mercede enim interveniente transit negotium in aliam formam 
* Metus coactionis sufficit ad rescindendum contractum 
* Merces constituta sic pretio convenerit
*  Meum est, quod ex re mea superest
*  Minima non curat praetor
*  Minime sunt mutanda, quae interpretationem certam semper habuerunt
* Mimimum atque angustissimum tempus
*  Minimum sequimur in obscuris 
* Minor non potest comprommitere 
* Minora di neglegunt
*  Minus ei licere debet, cui plus licet
*  Minus solutum intellegitur etiam si nihil esse solutum 
* Minus solutum videtur etiam si nihil esse exactum 
* Minus solvit qui tardius solvit: nam et tempore minus solvitur 
* Mobilia sequuntur personam 
* Modus et conventio vincunt legem 
* Modus legem dat donationis
*  Mora cum mora compensatur 
* Mora dolum in se praesumptum continet
*  Mora emptoris relevat venditorem a custodia, non a dolo malo
* Mora rei fideiussori quoque nocet
*  Mora sua cuilibet est nociva
*  Moram purgare licitum est
* Mors omnia iura solvit
*  Multa contra iuris rigorem pro libertate sunt constituta
* Mutare consilium quis non potest in alterius detrimentum
* Mutata forma prope interemit substantiam rei
* Nam qui non prohibet, cum prohibere possit, iubet 
* Nasciturus pro iam nato habetur, quotiens de eius commodo agitar
* Natura magistra, lex discipula 
* Naturalia iura civilis ratio perimere non potest 
* Naturaliter videtur possidere is qui usum fructum habet
*  Ne eat iudex ultra petita partium 
* Ne lis ex lite oriatur
*  Ne plus in accessione potest esse, quam in principali re 
* Ne quis in sua causa iudicet, vel ius sibi dicat 
* Nec creditoris creditori, quisquam invitus delegari potest
*  Nec emptio nec venditio sine re quae veneat potest intellegi
* Necesse est ei rei cedi, quod sine illa esse non potest
*  Necessitas inducit privilegium quoad iura privata
*  Neccesitas non habet legem 
* Necessitas publica maior est quam privata 
* Necessitas vel paupertas non habet legem 
* Nec posse, si commissoriam elegit, postea variare
* Negantis nulla probatio 
* Negativa non sunt probanda
*  Negatoria actio non competit nisi domino rei liberae
* Negligens in officio suo punitur 
* Negligentia cuiusque sibi non tertio nocet
* Negligentia sua cuique nocet
*  Nemini licet adversus sua facta venire 
* Nemini potest suus fundus servire
*  Nemini res sua servit
*  Nemo auditur propriam turpitudinem allegans
* Nemo censetur ignorare legem
*  Nemo commodando rem facit eius cui commodat
* Nemo condemnatus nisi auditus vel vocatus 
* Nemo contra factum suum venire potest
*  Nemo dat quod non habet
*  Nemo de improbitate sua consequitur actionem
* Nemo debet bis vexari pro una et eadem causa
* Nemo debet esse iudex et pars
*  Nemo debet esse iudex in propria causa 
* Nemo debet facere in suo quod noceat alieno
*  Nemo debet inaudito damnari
*  Nemo debet locupletari iniuste cum iactura aliena
* Nemo debet lucrari ex alieno damno
*  Nemo errans rem suam amittit
* Nemo est heres viventis 
* Nemo ex consilio mandati obligatur
*  Nemo ex consilio obligatur 
* Nemo ex industria protahat iurgium
*  Nemo ex suo delicto meliorem suam condicionem facere potest
* Nemo existimandus est dixisse, quod non mente agitaverit
* Nemo in propria causa potest esse testis
*  Nemo in propria causa testis esse debet
*  Nemo invitus agere cogatur
*  Nemo invitus compellitur ad communionem 
* Nemo invitus obligatur
*  Nemo iudex sine auctore
*  Nemo ius publicum remittere potest
*  Nemo plus commodi heredi suo relinquit, quam ipse habet
* Nemo plus iuris ad alium transferre potest, quam ipse haberet
* Nemo plus iuris transferre potest quam ipse habet
*  Nemo potest ad impossibile obligari 
* Nemo potest de aliena res transigere
*  Nemo potest mutare consilium suum in alterius iniuram
*  Nemo potest repudiare hereditatem, nisi cui delata est 
* Nemo potest super re aliena disponere 
* Nemo pro parte testatus pro parte intestatus decedere potest
* Nemo prohibendus est libertati favere 
* Nemo punitur pro delicto alieno
* Nemo punitur pro alieno delicto
* Nemo qui condemnare potest absolvere non potest
* Nemo quidem de factis suis praesumat disputare, nec multo fortius contra factum suum venire
* Nemo rem suam utiliter stipulatur
* Nemo sibi ipse causam possessionis mutare potest
* Nemo sibi sit iudex
* Nemo suam turpitudinem allegans auditur
* Nemo tenetur se detegere
* Nemo tenetur seipsum accusare
* Nemo videtur eos fraudare, qui sciunt et consentiunt 
* Ne procedat iudex ex officio
* Neque contra leges neque contra bonos mores pacisci possumus 
* Neque enim debuit praeripere ceteris post bona possessa, quum iam par conditio omnium creditorum facta esset
* Neque enim inaudita causa quemquam damnari aequitatis ratio patitur
* Neque enim lucrum intellegitur nisi omni damno deducto neque damnum nisi omni lucro reducto
* Neque imperare sibi neque se prohibere quisquam potest
*  Neque malitiis indulgendum est
*  Neque utique melius pronunciat, qui novissimus sententiam laturus est
* Nescio quid peccati portat haec purgatio 
* Nil prius esse fide
*  Nihil aliud est actio quam ius quod sibi debeatur, iudicio persequendi
* Nihil aliud potest rege, nisi id solum quod de iure potest
*  Nihil facit error nominis, cum de corpore constat 
* Nihil hoc ad ius, ad Ciceronem!
* Nihil in lege intolerabilius est eandem rem diverso iure censeri
* Nihil innovari appellatione interposita
* Nihil potest esse aequabile, quod non a certa ratione proficiscatur 
* Nihil prius fide
* Nihil tam conveniens est naturali aequitati, unumquodque dissolvi eo ligamine quo ligatum est
* Nil posse creari ex nihilo
* Nimia subtilitas in iure reprobatur et talis certitudo certitudinem confundit
* Nisi enim merces certa statuta sit, non videtur locatio et conductio contrahi
* Nocentem absolvere melius est quam innocentem damnare 
* Noli itaque erubescere testimonium Domini
* Nolite facere iniquum aliquid in indicio
* Non aliter a significatione verborum recedi oportet, quam cum manifestum est aliud sensisse testatorem
* Non ante iuris ratio quam persona quaerenda est
*  Non bis in idem
*  Non congruit de apicibus iuris disputare Non debet actori licere, quod reo non permittitur 
* Non debet alii nocere, quod inter alios actus est
*  Non debet calamitas matris nocere ei qui in ventre est 
* Non debet, cui plus licet, quod minus est non licere 
* Non debet poena ad alios extendi quam ad suos auctores 
* Non enim in mora est is, a quo pecunia propter exceptionem peti non potest 
* Non est in mora qui potest exceptione legitima se tueri
* Non est iurista qui non est civilista
* Non est personarum acceptio apud Deum 
* Non ex opinionibus singulorum, sed ex communi usu nomina exaudiri debent
* Non exemplis, sed legibus iudicandum est
*  Non facit alio iniuriam qui utitur iure suo 
* Non fatetur qui errat 
* Non firmatur tractu temporis, quod de iure ab initio non subsistit 
* Non idem in eodem negotio sit advocatus et iudex 
* Non in foro canonico nec civili valet praescriptio cum mala fide
* Non intellegitur amissum, quod ablatum alteri non est 
* Non intellegitur posse quod de iure fieri non potest 
* Non intellegitur quem posse facere nisi cum commodo suo facere possit 
* Non iudicabit Deus bis in id ipsum 
* Non ius deficit, sed probatio 
* Non ius sed seisina facit stipitem 
* Non licet actori quod reum licitum non exsistit 
* Non mutat substantiam rerum non necessaria verborum multiplicatio
*  Non omne quod iudex potest necesse habet facere 
* Non placet igitur extendi leges poenales, multo minus capitales, ad delicta nova
* Non plus habere creditor potest, quam habet qui pignus dedit
*  Non potest adduci exceptio eiusdem rei cuius petitur dissolutio 
* Non potest commodari id quod usu consumitur
* Non potest ex uno iudicio res iudicata in partem valere, in partem non valere 
* Non potest ignorari quod publice notum est 
* Non potest improbus videri, qui ignorat, quantum solvere debeat
* Non potest liberalitas nolenti adquiri
* Non potest quis usucapere nisi possideat
* Non potest quis venire contra errorem proprium
* Non potest sive enim quis sit condemnatus, sive absolutus, tamen super eodem crimine saepius agi non potest
* Non solet locatio dominium mutare
*  Non tantum verbis ratum haberi potest, sed etiam actu 
* Non tentanda quae effici omnino non possint 
* Non valenti agere non currit praescriptio 
* Non videbitur reddita, quae deterior facta redditur 
* Non videtur esse factum quod non est legitime factum 
* Non videtur iniuriam facere qui utitur iure suo 
* Non videtur vim facere qui iure suo utitur
*  Non videtur possessionem adeptus is, qui ita nactus est, ut eam retinere non possit
* Non videtur solvere qui totum non solvit 
* Noscitur a sociis Notarius praesumitur potius errare quam malignari
*  Notorium est quod probatione non indiget
 * Notorium non eget probationem 
* Nova constututio fututis formam imponere debet, non praeteritis
*  Novatione tollitur obligatio
*  Novissimus totus dies completus esse debet 
* Novum iudicium non dat novum ius sed declarat antiquum
*  Noxa caput sequitur 
* Nuda et imaginaria venditio pro non facta est
* Nulla acceptio personarum apud Deum est
* Nulla corporis aestimatio fieri potest
*  Nulla est venditio, quotiens in materia erratur
* Nulla ibi mora contrahitur ubi nulla petitio
* Nulla iniuria est, quae in volentem fiat
* Nulla misericordia est contra iustitiam
* Nulla poena sine crimine 
* Nulla poena sine dolo
*  Nulla poena sine lege
* Nulla poena sine iudicio
*  Nulla servitus in faciendo, sed in patiendo vel in non faciendo consistit
* Nulla sit conditio, quae in praeteritum confertur, vel quae in praesens
* Nulla valet praescriptio nisi bona fide nitatur
*  Nulla voluntas errantis est 
* Nulli leges nescire licet
*  Nulli res sua servit
*  Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege penali, praevia, stricta et scripta
* Nullum crimen sine poena legali 
* Nullum ius sine actione
*  Nullum tempus occurrit regi
*  Nullus bonus jurista nisi sit bartolista
*  Nullus commodum capere potest de iniuria sua propria
*  Nullus debet agere de dolo ubi alia actio subest
*  Nullus est consensus errantis
* Nullus idoneus testis in re sua intellegitur 
* Nullus iudex causam audire praesumat, quae in legibus non continetur
* Nullus videtur dolo facere, quo suo iure utitur
*  Numquam in usucapionibus iuris error possessori prodest
*  Numquam nuda traditio transfert dominium 
* Numquam volenti dolus infertur 
* Numquid lex nostra iudicat hominem, nisi prius audierit ab ipso?
* Nuptias non concubitus, sed consensus facit
* Obligatio est mater actionis 
* Obligatio naturalis ex contractibus iuris gentium oritur
*  Obligationis naturalis debitores licet minus proprie debere dicantur
*  Obligatio naturalis retentioni sufficit
*  Obscuritas brevitatis praetextu non admittenda
*  Odia restringi, et favores conveni ampliari 
* Odiosa restringenda, favoralia amplianda
*  Omne crimen ebrietas incendit et detegit 
* Omne ius aut consensus fecit aut necessitas constituit aut firmavit consuetudo
* Omne ius legibus et moribus constant Omne maius continet in se minu
*  Omne testamentum morte consumatum est
*  Omne, quod non iure fit, iniuria fieri dicitur
* Omnes res transire in novationem possunt 
* Omnes secundum leges vivant
*  Omnes servitutes sunt individuae 
* Omnes, qui non prohibentur, matrimonium contrahere possunt
* Omni obligationi fideiussor accedere potest
* Omnia interpretatio fieri debet, ut tolletur contrarietas 
* Omnia praesumuntur contra spoliatorem 
* Omnia praesumuntur legitime facta donec probetur in contrarium
* Omnia praesumuntur rite et solemniter esse acta 
* Omnia probant quod non singula 
* Omnibus his manentibus 
* Omnis consensus tollit errores 
* Omnis innovatio plus novitate perturbat quam utilitate prodest
* Omnis enim obligatio vel ex contractu nascitur vel ex delicto
* Omnis qui defenditur boni viri arbitratu defendendus est 
* Omnis vindicatio vel ad rem corporalem vel incorporalem pertinet
* Omnium consensus naturae vox est
*  Onus probandi incumbit ei qui asserit 
* Onus probandi incumbit ei qui dicit
*  Optima est legum interpres consuetudo 
* Optima lex, quae minimum relinquit arbitrio iudicis
*  Optimus interpres legum consuetudo 
* Optimus iudex qui minimum sibi 
* Optione facta, ius eligendi consumitur
* Ordine placitandi servato servatur et ius
* Pacta conventa servato
*  Pacta de futura successione non valent
*  Pacta impossibilia vel sub impossibili condicione non valet 
* Pacta novissima servari oportet 
* Pacta privatorum tuetur ius civile, pacta 
* Principum bona fides
*  Pacta, quae turpem causam continent, non sunt observanda 
* Pacta servanda dictat ratio naturalis
*  Pacta sunt servanda
*  Pacta, quae turpem causam continent, non sunt observanda 
* Pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt
*  Pacto hereditas dari non potest 
* Pactum antichreticum pignori potest adici
*  Pactum contra legem prohibitoriam factum, nec civilem nec naturalem producit obligationem
* Pactum de futura successione valet 
* Pactum de non succedendo non valet
*  Pactum periculi observari debet
*  Pactum super una re non nocet super alia 
* Par conditio creditorum 
* Par in parem imperium non habet 
* Paritas temporis tribuit paritatem iuris
* Partus sequitur ventrem 
* Patere quam ipse fecisti legem 
* Patiare potius ipse quam facias scelus 
* Patria potestas in pietate non in atrocitate consistere debet 
* Pax servetur, pacta custodiantur 
* Peccatum non dicitur perpetratum cogitatione solum, sed delectatione et consenso
* Pecunia paret pecuniam 
* Pendente lite nihil innovetur 
* Pendente lite nihil innovandum 
* Pensio extinguitur per matrimonii contractum 
* Per partes servitus imponi non potest, sed nec adquiri 
* Perfecta emptione periculum ad emptorem respiciet
*  Periculum est emptoris
*  Periculum est locatoris 
* Periculum in mora 
* Periculum ex pacto suscipi potest 
* Periculum rei venditae ad emptorem pertinet
*  Permissum ad tempus post tempus videtur prohibitum esse
*  Permissum id esse intellegitur, quod non prohibetur 
* Perpetua lex est nullam legem humanam ac positivam perpetuam esse 
* Per solutionem ipso iure tollitur obligatio 
* Persona coniuncta aequiparatur interesse proprio 
* Personam eius sustinere 
* Perspicua vera non sunt probanda
* Pignori rem acceptam uso non capimus, quia pro alieno possidemus
* Placuit inter omnes id quod invicem debetur ipso iure compensari
* Plenitudo legis est dilectio 
* Plura domicilia haberi potest
* Pluralis elocutio duorum numero contenta est
* Pluralis locutio duorum numero est contenta
* Plures res in obligatione, una autem in solutione
* Plus actum quam scriptum valet
* Plus facit datio quam promissio 
* Plus in accessione non potest esse, quam in principali re
*  Plus petit qui ante diem petit
*  Plus semper in se continet, quod est minus 
* Poena debet esse omne delicto conveniens 
* Poena ex delicto defuncti heres non debet 
* Poena maior absorbet poenam minorem 
* Poena nulla esse debet, ubi nullum delictum 
* Poenalis actio non competit in heredes
*  Poenam petere nequit qui in illam incidit 
* Ponitur poena conveniens culpae 
* Possessio fratris de feodo simplici facit sororem esse haeredem
* Possessio nobis etiam per alium adquiritur 
* Possessionis suae causa nemo mutare potest 
* Possessio plurimum facti habet 
* Possessionis causa prius est discutienda quam proprietatis
* Possessor malae fidei nullo tempore non praescribit
* Possessor nullo casu rei vindicationem intentare potest
* Possessores sunt potiores, licet nullum ius habeant
* Possessori non incumbit neccessitas probandi
* Possidet, cuius nomine possidetur
* Post diem commissoriae legi praestitutum si venditor pretium petat, legi commissoriae renuntiatum videtur, nec variare et ad hanc redire potest
* Posteriora derogant prioribus 
* Posteriores leges ad chartam magnam pertinent, nisi contrariae sint
* Posterior lex derogat legibus prioribus 
* Posteriora non derogat prioribus, nisi in iis fiat mentio de ipsis
* Posteriore testamento, quod iure perfectum est, superius rumpitur
* Posterior voluntas potior haberi debet 
* Posteriores leges ad priores pertinent, nisi contrariae sint 
* Postulatio facta revocari non potest 
* Potestas delegata non delegatur 
* Potest quis per alium, quod potest facere per se ipsum 
* Praesertim cum etiam voluntas legis ex hoc colligi possit
* Praesumitur ignorantia ubi scientia non probatur
* Praesumptio cedit veritati 
* Praesumptio iuris et de iure non admittit probationem in contrarium
* Praesumptio iuris probationem in contario admittit
*  Praesumptioni standum nisi contrarium probetur
*  Praesumptio relevat ab onere probando 
* Praevalet quod principale est
* Pretium in numerata pecuniam consistere debet
* Princeps legibus solutus 
* Principali accessorium tollitur 
* Principes tenentur et ipsi vivere legibus suis
* Prior atque potentior est quam vox mens dicentis
* Prior tempore potior iure
* Priores leges ad posteriores trahantur
* Privata debent cedere publicis 
* Privilegia ne inroganto 
* Privilegium non valet contra rem publicam
* Privilegium personale non transit ad heredes
* Privilegium propter abusum amitti potest
* Pro donato is usucapit, cui donationis causa res tradita est
* Pro herede posssidet, qui putat se heredem esse 
* Pro legato usucapit, cui recte legatum relictum est 
* Pro soluto usucapit, qui rem debiti causa recipit
* Probabilis error possidentis usucapioni non obstat
* Probatio nulla est per rerum naturam factum negantis
* Probatio praesumptionem enervat
* Probatio vincit praesumptionem
* Probationis onus in casibus etiam reo incumbit
* Prodesse sibi unusquisque, dum alii non nocet, non prohibetur
* Prohibitio temporalis non extenditur ultra tempus, sicut prohibitio unius loci non prorrigitur ad alia
* Pro magna utilitate vel necessitate
* Promittens illicitum non obligatur 
* Propinquor excludit propinquum, et propinquus remotum, et remotus remotiorem
* Proprie pignus dicimus quod ad creditorem transit, hypothecam cum non transit nec possessio ad creditorem
* Propter necessitatem illicitum efficitur licitum 
* Propter parvam rem non debet aliquid mutare
*  Propter praesumptionem etiam vehementem non debet quis de gravi crimine condemnari
* Puniri nemo debet, si nullam admisit culpam
* Quae accessionum locum optinent, exstinguuntur, cum principales res peremptae fuerint
* Quae contra ius fiunt, debent utique pro infectis haberi 
* Quae non prosunt singula, multa iuvant
*  Quaecumque per exceptionem perimi possunt, in compensationem non veniunt
* Quae simulate geruntur pro infectis habentur 
* Quale est, cum petitur, tale dari debet
*  Quam diu potest ex testamento adiri hereditas, ab intestato non defertur
*  Quamdiu possit valere testamentum, tamdiu legitimus non admittitur 
* Quando aliquid prohibetur, prohibetur et omne per quod devenitur ad illum 
* Quando lex aliquid concedit, concedere videtur et it sine quo res ipsa esse non potest
* Quando plures actiones nomine eiusdem rei competunt, una electa altera non tollitur
* Quando plures nominibus propriis investiti sunt, tum omnes in capita vocati censetur
* Quando verba sunt per se iniuriosa, animus iniuriandi praesumitur 
* Quasi agnum committere lupo ad devorandum
* Quattuor ex verbis virtutem colliget legis: permittit, punit, imperat atque vetat
* Quia coelum quod supra aedes meas est, usque ad coelum liberum esse debet
* Qui accepit satisfactionem, iniuriam suam remisit 
* Qui accusare volunt, probationes habere debent
* Qui appellat prior, agit
*  Qui casum allegat ipsum probet
*  Qui contra iure mercatur, bonam fidem habere non praesumitur
*  Qui contra iura mercatur, bonam fidem praesumitur non habere 
* Qui contra leges facit per eas non adiuvetur 
* Qui damnare potest, is absolvendi quoque potestatem habet
*  Qui donat perdit usumfructum, nisi utatur quis dedit 
* Qui errat non videtur consentire
*  Qui facit per alium, est perinde, ac si faciat per se ipsum 
* Qui facit per alium facit per se 
* Qui haeret in litera haeret in cortice 
* Qui ignorans est non vere paciscitur 
* Qui ignorare non debuit quod ius alienum emit 
* Qui in alterius locum succedit iustam habet ignorantiae causam 
* Qui in ius dominiumve alterius succedit iure eius uti debit 
* Qui in re illicita versatur, tenetur etiam de casu 
* Qui intellegit alienum se possidere, mala fide possidet 
* Qui in utero sunt, in toto paene iudicio civili intelleguntur in rerum natura esse 
* Qui iudicat me, Dominus est 
* Qui iussu iudicis aliquid facit, non videtur dolo malo facere
* Qui iussu iudicis aliquod fecerit, non videtur dolo malo fecisse
* Qui iustam causam ignorandi habuit non tenetur 
* Qui mandat solvi, ipse videtur solvere 
* Qui negat non teneatur probare
* Qui non habet in aere luat in corpore
*  Qui non prohibet quod prohibere potest assentire videtur 
* Qui rationem in omnibus quaerunt rationem subvertunt 
* Qui occasionem damni dat, damnum dedisse videtur
*  Qui occasionem praestat, damnum fecisse videtur 
* Qui omne dicit, nihil excludit 
* Qui onus patitur ipse debet commodum substinere
*  Qui per alium facit, per seipsum facere videtur 
* Qui possidet rem non praesumitur eam vendidisse 
* Qui prior est tempore potior est iure
*  Qui prius ad iudicium provocavit, actor est 
* Qui proprium facit negotium adversum alios regresus non habet
*  Qui provocet, nondum damnatus videtur
*  Quis contra factum proprium venire non potest
*  Quis promittit non movere controversiam ad quid teneatur
*  Qui statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit
* Qui semel est heres non desinit esse heres
*  Qui sentit commodum sentire debet et onus
*  Qui sentit onus, sentire debet commodum, et contra 
* Qui suo iure utitur neminem laedere
* Qui tacet, consentire videtur
*  Qui totam hereditatem adquirere potest, is pro parte eam scindendo adire non potest 
* Quicquid plantatur solo solo cedit 
* Quid prius est dignius est 
* Quidquid in fundo nascitur, quidquid inde percipi potest, ipsius fructus est
*  Quilibet potest renuntiare iuri pro se introducto 
* Quis contra factum proprium venire non potest
*  Quod ab initio non valet, in tracto temporis non convalescit 
* Quod ab initio nullum est, nullum effectum producit et tractu temporis convalescere non potest
* Quod ad agendum temporabilia sunt, ad excipiendum sunt perpetua 
* Quod ab initio non valet in tractu temporis non convalescit 
* Quod ab initio nullum est nullum effectum producit et tractu temporis convalescere non potest
* Quod abundat non nocet Quod autem omnes uti singulos tangit, ab omnibus approbari debet
*  Quod contra legem fit pro infecto habetur 
* Quod contra rationem iuris receptum est, non est producendum ad consequentias 
* Quod Deus coniunxit homo non separet
*  Quod dubitas ne feceris 
* Quod emptionem venditionemque recipit, etiam pignerationem recipere potest
*  Quod illius est superius, cuius est inferius 
* Quod incaute factum est pro non facto habetur 
* Quod initio vitiosum est, non potest tractu temporis convalescere
*  Quod licet per directum licet per obliquum 
* Quod meo nomine possideo, possum et alieno nomine possidere
* Quod meum est non posso tibi adimere
*  Quod non apparet non est Quod non est in actis non est in mundo
*  Quod non est licitum lege, necessitas facit licitum
* Quod non habet principium non habet finem
* Quod non vetat lex, hoc vetat fieri pudor
* Quod nullius est, id naturali ratione occupanti conceditur
* Quod nullum est confirmari non potest 
* Quod nullum est nullum effectum producit 
* Quod nullum est rescindi non potest
* Quod omnes tangit ab omnibus approbetur 
* Quod omnes tangit debet ab omnibus approbari
*  Quod omnes similiter tangit, ab omnibus comprobetur
*  Quod pendet, non est pro eo quasi sit 
* Quod per alluvionem agro tuo flumen adiecit, iure gentium tibi adquiritur
* Quod per alluvionem fundo accessit, simile fit ei cui accedit 
* Quod per me non possum, nec possum per alium 
* Quod Principi placuit legis habet vigorem 
* Quod proprium est ipsius, amplius eius fieri non potest
*  Quod quisque ob tutelam corporis sui fecerit, iure fecisse existimetur
* Quod remedio destituitur ipsa re valet si culpa absit
*  Quod scripsit, scripsit 
* Quod semel meum est, amplius meum esse non potest
*  Quod semel placuit amplius displicere non potest
* Quod tacuerunt, consensisse videntur
* Quot delicta tot poena
* Quot homines tot sententiae
* Quotiens faciendum aliquid datur, locatio est
* Quoties in stipulationibus ambigua oratio est, commodissimum est id accipi, quo res, qua de agitur, in tuto sit
* Quotiens pactum a iure communi remotum est, servari hoc non oportet
* Quotiens quis debitor ex pluribus causis unum debitum solvit, est in arbitrio solventis dicere, quod potius debitum voluerit solutum, et quod dixerit, id erit solutum
* Quotiens vero et immutatur et alienatur, emptio magis quam locatio intellegi debet
* Quoties in verbis nulla est ambiguitas ibi nulla expositio contra verba fienda est
* Quum quid prohibetur, prohibentur omnia, quae sequuntur ex illo
*  Quum quid una via prohibetur alicui, ad id alia non debet admitti
* Quum quis in ius succedit alterius: iustam ignorantiae causam censetur habere
* Raptor non liberatur a poena, licet rem restituat
* Ratihabitio retrotrahitur, et mandato comparatur
* Ratihabitio, ut valeat, fieri debet intra id tempus, infra quod actus qui debet ratificari, fieri potuisset
* Ratio non patitur, ut una eademque res et veneat et pretium sit emptionis 
* Ratum quis habere non potest, quod ipsius nomine non est gestum
* Rebus quidem iudicatis standum est
* Rebus sic stantibus (omnis contractus intellegitur)
* Redde quod debes
* Reddite ergo quae sunt Caesaris Caesari et quae sunt Dei Deo 
* Redhibitio tribuit titulum 
* Regula est iuris quidem ignorantiam cuique nocere, facti vero ignorantiam non nocere
* Regula legem indicat, non statuit
*  Rei depositae proprietas apud deponentem manet
*  Rei mutatio non tollit servitutem praedialem; secus in usufructu 
* Rei mutatione interit usus fructus 
* Rei propriae emptio non potest consistere 
* Rei suae pignus non est 
* Rei suae precarium non est
*  Rei turpis nullum mandatum est 
* Rei veritas potior habetur quam scripturae 
* Renuntiatio debet a sciente fieri 
* Reproba pecunia non liberat solventem 
* Rerum inhonestarum nulla est societas 
* Res inter alios acta, alteri nocere non debet 
* Res inter alios acta alteri non nocet
*  Res inter alios acta aliis non prodest nec praeiudicat
*  Res inter alios acta aliis prodest 
* Res inter alios iudicata aliis non obest
*  Res inter alios iudicata nullum aliis praeiudicium facit 
* Res inter iudicata inter alios nec nocet nec prodest
*  Res ipsa indicat 
* Res ipsa loquitur
* Res iudicata ius facit inter partes
* Res iudicata pro veritate accipitur
* Res iudicata pro veritate habetur
* Res perit domino
* Res tantum valet, quantum vendi potest
*  Resoluto iure dantis resolvitur ius concessum 
* Resoluto iure datoris ex causa de praeterito resolvitur ius acceptoris
* Resoluto iure donationis resolvitur ius acceptionis 
* Respondeat superior Reus excipiendo fit actor 
* Reus in exceptione actor est 
* Rex debet esse sub lege, quia lex fecit regem
* Rex non debet esse sub homine sed sub Deo et sub lege, quia lex facit regem
* Rex non habet parem 
* Rex non potest peccare 
* Rex nunquam moritur
* Salus Populi suprema lex esto 
* Salva rerum substantia
*  Sancimus ibi esse poenam, ubi et noxa est
* Satisfactio pro solutione est 
* Scelera non habent consilium
* Scienti et consentienti non fit iniuria neque dolus
*  Scienti et permittendi non fit dolus 
* Scienti et volenti dolus non infertur 
* Scire leges non hoc est verba earum tenere, sed vim ac potestatem 
* Scriptura privata pro scribente nihil valet; si contra scribentem, valet si est cum causa
* Secundum allegata et probata judex judiciare potest
* Secundum allegata sententiam est ferenda
*  Secundum naturam est, commoda cuiusque rei eum sequi, quem sequentur incommoda
* Sed ut aliquid patiatur aut non faciat
*  Seisina facit stipitem 
* Semel approbatum non potest reprobari
*  Semel heres semper heres 
* Semper praesumitur pro lege 
* Semper praesumitur pro negante 
* Semper praesumitur pro sententia 
* Sensum, non verbum, considerare debemus
*  Sententia habet praesumptionem iustitiae 
* Sententia ita danda ut sit conformis libello 
* Sententia iudicis est quasi quaedam particularis lex in aliquo particulari facto
*  Sententia nulla est, si non datur omnes termini 
* Sententia, quae transivit in rem iudicatam pro veritate habetur 
* Sententia rem inter partes facit 
* Sepulchri sit non solum is locus, qui recipiat humationem, sed omne etiam supra id coelum
* Sequi debet potentia iustitiam, non praecedere
* Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit
*  Servitus non potest imponi de eo quod fundi utilitatem non respicit
*  Servitus servitutis esse non potest 
* Servitutis causa debet esse perpetua
*  Sicut re corporale extincta, ita pignus hypothecave perit 
* Si duo dolo malo fecerint, invicem de dolo non agent 
* Si lex non distinguit nec nos distinguere debemus 
* Si mandatum conceptum sit post mortem, durat post mortem 
* Simulatae nuptiae nullius momenti sunt 
* Si post moram res interierit, aestimatio eius praestatur
*  Si quis ante diem vel ante condicionem petierit 
* Si quis intentione ambigua vel oratione usus sit, id, quod utilius ei est accipiendum est
*  Si quod universitati debetur, singulas non debetur; nec quod debet universitas singuli debent
* Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas
*  Sicut pactum legis commissoriae non valet in pignoribus, sic in emptione valet indistincte
* Silent leges, inter arma 
* Similes sunt in poena, qui similes sunt in delicto
*  Simplex commendatio non obligat 
* Sine possessione praescriptio non procedit
*  Sine possessione usucapio contingere non potest 
* Sine pretio nulla venditio est
*  Singularia non sunt extendenda 
* Si venditor fuit in mora, omne periculum ad eum pertinet
*  Societas delinquere non potest
* Societas ius quodammodo fraternitatis in se habet
* Societas non transit ad heredem, licet de suis gestis teneatur heres
* Socii mei socius, meus socius non est
* Socius socio etiam culpae nomine tenetur
* Solemnitates iuris posse remitti de consensu partium
* Solis die, quem dominicum rite dixere maiores, omnium omnino litium, negotiorum, conventionum quiescat intentio
* Solum superficiei cedit 
* Solutione vel iudicium pro nobis accipiendo et inviti et ignorantes liberari possumus
* Solus Deus facit heredes, non homo
*  Solvendo esse nemo intellegitur, nisi qui solidum potest solvere 
* Solvere pro ignorante et invito cuique licet
 * Speciali utilitati communem et minori maiorem praeferenda est
*  Specialis praeiudicat generalis 
* Species eximit de genere 
* Species perit ei cui debetur 
* Sponsalia sicut nuntiae consensu contrahentium fiunt 
* Standum est chartae 
* Stare decisis 
* Stare decisis et non quieta movere 
* Stari debet sententiae arbitri 
* Stipulatio non vitiatur verbis superfluis 
* Suae rei emptio non valet 
* Sua sententia damnatur 
* Sub generali continetur speciale
* Sublata causa, tollitur effectum 
* Sublato principali tolluntur accesoria 
* Sub plurali singulari continetur 
* Sufficit conscientia mea 
* Sufficit eos, qui negotia gerunt, consentire 
* Sufficit semel 
* Sufficit tacitus consensus domini 
* Summum ius summa crux 
* Summum ius summa iniuria 
* Superficies solo cedit 
* Superflua non nocent 
* Superflua non vitiant scripturas
*  Supervacua scriptura non nocet legato 
* Supremus est, quem nemo sequitur 
* Surrogatum sapit naturam eius, in cuius locum subrogat
* Tacens consentit si contradicendo impedire poterat
*  Taciti et expressi in contractibus est eadem virtus 
* Taciturnitas fraudolosa tacenti non prodest 
* Tamdiu societas durat, quamdiu consensus partium integer perseverat
* Temporalia ad agendum, perpetua ad excipiendum
* Tempus longissimum habetur loco tituli
* Tenor est qui legem dat feudo
* Territoria sunt ex occupationibus populorum
* Testamentum rumpitur cum postumus nascitur
* Testator praesumitur secundum iura voluisse testare
* Testibus duobus affirmantibus, plus creditur quam negantibus
* Testimonium unius non valet
* Testis unus testis nullus
* Testium fides diligenter examinanda est
* Tot gradus quot generationes
* Totiens secundum voluntatem testatoris facere compellitur, quotiens contra legem nihil sit futurum
* Totiens videtur heres institutus etiam in causa substitutionis ad heredem non transferret substitutionem
* Transactio convenit cum sententia in auctoritate
*  Transit terra cum onere
*  Tres faciunt collegium 
* Turpitudinem suam allegans non est audiendus
* Turpitudinem suam nemo detegere tenetur
*  Tutius semper est errare in acquietando quam in puniendo
* Tutor in rem suam auctor esse non potest
* Tutor non sibi, sed pupillo possidet
* Tutor rem pupilli emere non potest
* Ubi aliquorum praesentia exigitur in eorum absentia nihil agi potest
* Ubi certa forma desideratur, ea praetermissa, nihil agitur Ubi civitas ibi ius
*  Ubi damna dantur victus victori in expensis condemnari debet
* Ubi dantis et accipientis dolus versatur, melior condicio est possidentis 
* Ubi eadem est legis ratio, eadem et legis dispositio esse debet Ubi eadem ratio ibi idem ius 
* Ubi enim sunt duo vel tres congregati in nomine meo, ibi sum in medio eorum
* Ubi ergo iustitia vera non est, nec ius potest esse
* Ubi est eadem ratio, ibi idem ius 
* Ubi est eadem ratio vel aequitas idem ius statui debet
*  Ubi est onus ibi emolumentum 
* Ubi est verborum ambiguitas, valet quod acti est
*  Ubi ius ibi remedium 
* Ubi ius ibi societas 
* Ubi lex inhibet usucapionem, bona fides possidenti nihil prodest
* Ubi lex non distinguit nec nos distinguere debemos 
* Ubi lex voluit dixit, ubi noluit, tacuit 
* Ubi lucrum ibi est periculum 
* Ubi maior minus cessat
*  Ubi non est libertas ibi non est consensus
*  Ubi numerus testium non adicitur, etiam duo sufficient 
* Ubi periculum, ibi et lucrum collocetur
* Ubi principale non tenet nec eius accessorium 
* Ubi remedium ibi ius Ubi societas ibi ius
*  Ubi successionis est emolumentum, ibi et tutelae onus esse debet 
* Ultima voluntas testatoris est perimplenda secundum veram intentionem suma
* Ultra id quod in iudicium deductum est excedere potestas iudicis non potest
* Ultra posse nemo tenetur
* Ultra posse suum profecto nemo tenetur
*  Unicuique licet ea quae ipsi a lege data sunt contemnere
* Unicuique sua mora nocet 
* Uniuscuiusque contractus initium spectandum est et causam
* Unius positio alterius exclusio Unius responsio testis omnimodo non audiatur
*  Unius testimonium non sufficit ad condemnatione
*  Unus est actor et alius est reus Usu fructo legato omnis fructus rei ad fructuarium pertinet
* Usucapere non potest, quis quod vi possidet
*  Usucapio finitur licet non inchoetur 
* Usucapio interrumpitur si usucapiens possessione privetur
* Usucapio pignoris conventionem non extinguit
*  Usucapio sine possessione inchoari nequit
* Usura non natura pervenit, sed iure percipitur Usus est legum corrector
*  Usus fructus alienari non potest
* Usus fructus amissus ad proprietatem recurrit
* Usus fructus non habet de substantia 
* Usus fructus non portioni sed homini adcrescit
* Usus fructus sine persona esse non potest
* Usus fructus usucapi non potest
* Ususfructuarius ad culpam levem tenetur
* Ut actus confirmari possit, oportet eum gestum esse
*  Uti est commodum percipere re salva, abuti commodum percipere ita ut res utendo absumatur
* Utile non debet per inutile vitiari 
* Utile per inutile non vitiatur 
* Utilitas communis privatae praeponenda est
*  Utilitas publica praeferenda est privatorum contractibus 
* Ut privata dominia ex occupationibus singulorum 
* Ut res magis valeat quam pereat
* Veluti caput atque fundamentum intellegitur totius testamenti heredis institutio
* Venditio imaginaria seu simulata, nullius est efficacia 
* Venditio nullius est valoris, quae facta est in fraudem legis
*  Venire contra factum proprium non valet
* Venire contra proprium factum nulli conceditur
*  Venisse ad heredem nihil intellegitur nisi deducto aere alieno
* Verba ad unum finem prolatam, ad alium trahi non debent
* Verba chartarum fortius accipiuntur contra proferentum
* Verba debent intellegi cum effectu, ut res magis valeat quam pereat
* Verba dubia sunt interpretanda taliter, ut actus de quo agitur, valeat, et non pereat
* Verba generalia restringuntur ad habilitatem rei vel personam
* Verba non sunt curanda ubi mens disponentis est aperta
* Verba secundum naturam actos operantur
* Verba secundum naturam actus de quo agitur accipi debent
* Verba volant, scripta manent
* Veritas nominis tollit errorem demonstrationis
* Veritas rerum erroribus gestarum non vitiatur
* Verius est occupantis meliorem esse condicionem
* Versanti in re illicita imputantur omnia, quae sequuntur ex delicto
* Verum est unum testem inducere praesumptionem
* Vetatur advocatus emere litem, aut sibi de immodico emolumento vel rei litigiosae parte vindicata pacisci
* Vetustas semper pro lege habetur 
* Victor potest appellare
*  Videtur gesisse qui per alium gessit
* Vigilantibus non dormientibus iura subveniunt
* Vigilavit Iustitiae oculus sempiternus
* Vim vi defendere omnes leges omniaque iura permittunt
* Vim vi repellere licet
*  Violentus semper est in mora 
* Vi opprimi in bona causa est melius quam malae cedere
* Volenti enim dolus non infertur
* Volenti non fit iniuria 
* Voluntas coacta, voluntas est
*  Voluntas concedentis finitur eo mortuo
*  Voluntas est ambulatoria, et non consummatur usque ad mortem testatoris 
* Voluntas defuncti pro lege servatur
*  Voluntas donatoris in charta doni sui manifeste expressa observetur
* Voluntas morte extinguitur
*  Voluntas testatoris mandatum dicitur
*  Voluntas testatoris, quando certa est, servari debet omnino 


== Nexus externus ==
*[[w:Ius]] in Vicipaedia, encyclopaedia libera

[[Categoria:Lingua Latina in iure]]</text>
      <sha1>j4pnmvbc9rcvipf7p2ix50if5ai30h6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Lingua Latina in iure</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2053</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5075</id>
      <timestamp>2006-12-10T20:09:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>New page: [[Categoria:Lingua Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Lingua Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>mtx33ucw5dlpfaqrri2v68qnysm6yhn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Batave</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2054</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7567</id>
      <parentid>5096</parentid>
      <timestamp>2015-02-25T21:29:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>-iw (not exactly the same scope)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="188" xml:space="preserve">{{Glossarium Batave}}

Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Batava|Lingua Batava]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

*[[Glossarium Batave/Numeri]]
*[[Glossarium Batave/Iter facere]]</text>
      <sha1>bvl8k4y5yfn767yx1glwoy83rtf1a8u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Batave/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2055</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5094</id>
      <parentid>5091</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-12-11T21:54:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>81.247.97.110</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1154" xml:space="preserve">{{Glossarium Batave}}

{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;&quot;
! '''NUMERI''' || '''GETALLEN''' || ||  || 
|-
| nihil, zero / nullus || nul (niets) / geen || ||  || 
|-
| unus || één || || primus || eerste
|-
| duo || twee || || secundus || tweede, volgende
|-
| tres || drie || || tertius || derde
|-
| quattuor || vier || 
|-
| quinque || vijf
|-
| sex || zes
|-
| septem || zeven 
|-
| octo || acht 
|-
| novem || negen 
|-
| decem || tien || || decimus || tiende
|-
| undecim || elf 
|-
| duodecim || twaalf 
|-
| tredecim || dertien 
|-
| quattuordecim || veertien 
|-
| quindecim || vijftien 
|-
| sedecim || zestien 
|-
| septendecim || zeventien 
|-
| duodeviginti || achttien 
|-
| undeviginti || negentien 
|-
| viginti || twintig 
|-
| viginti unus, unus et viginti || eenentwintig 
|-
| triginta || dertig
|-
| quadraginta || veertig 
|-
| quinquaginta || vijftig 
|-
| sexaginta || zestig 
|-
| septuaginta || zeventig 
|-
| octoginta || '''t'''achtig 
|-
| nonaginta || negentig 
|-
| centum || honderd 
|-
| mille || duizend 
|-
| decies centena milia || (een) miljoen 
|}

[[categoria:Glossarium Batave]]</text>
      <sha1>oogqg818jqhnxia8uw0wwrl4bk7hpzf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Batave</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2057</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5098</id>
      <parentid>5087</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-12-11T23:55:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49" xml:space="preserve">vide [[Glossarium Batave]]

[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>rfsl13t0xpzwemuylqnfhcj4gmg49i1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Batave/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2058</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5095</id>
      <parentid>5090</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-12-11T21:54:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>81.247.97.110</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="940" xml:space="preserve">{{Glossarium Batave}}

{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;&quot;
! '''ITER FACERE''' || '''EEN REIS MAKEN'''
|-
| Ubi est ...? || Waar is ...? 
|- 
| Una tessera ad ..., quaeso || Een ticket naar ..., alstublieft. 
|-
| Tessera || Ticket 
|- 
| Quo vadis? || Naar waar ga je? / Naar waar gaat u?
|-
| Ubi habitas? - Ibi. || Waar woon je? - Daar.
|-
| automobilis || Auto 
|- 
| Trenum, hamaxostychus || Trein 
|-
| Laophorum, autobus, autoraeda longa, coenautocinetum || Bus 
|-
| Ferrivia subterranea || Metro
|-
| Aeriportus || Luchthaven
|-
| Statio ferriviaria || Treinstation
|- 
| Statio autobusica || Bushalte &lt;small&gt;(busstation)&lt;/small&gt;
|- 
| Statio subterranea || Metrostation
|- 
| Abitus || Vertrek
|-
| Adventus || Aankomst 
|- 
| Area stativa || Parking 
|-
|  Albergum, Deversorium, Hospitium || Hotel 
|-
| Condicia || Reservatie
|-
| Syngraphus || Paspoort 
|}


[[Categoria:Glossarium Batave]]</text>
      <sha1>sprg7tx8apx26lqb3adyugsq7br51kr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Glossarium Batave</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2059</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5093</id>
      <parentid>5092</parentid>
      <timestamp>2006-12-11T21:53:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>81.247.97.110</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="352" xml:space="preserve">{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;float:right;&quot;
! '''[[Glossarium_Batave|GLOSSARIUM BATAVE]]'''
|-
| 
* [[Glossarium Batave/Numeri|Numeri]]
|-
| 
* [[Glossarium Batave/Iter facere|Iter facere]]
|-
| 
* [[Glossarium Batave/Grammatica|Grammatica]]
** [[Glossarium Batave/Esse|Esse]]
|}

[[categoria:Glossarium Batave]]</text>
      <sha1>6ghdf1gimhaft2y5rgv8nlbfmed9uq2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Batave/Esse</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2060</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5097</id>
      <timestamp>2006-12-11T22:09:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>81.247.97.110</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>New page: {{Glossarium Batave}}

Het werkwoord &quot;'''zijn'''&quot; (verbum &quot;esse&quot;)

{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;width:30em;&quot;
! style=&quot;width:10em;&quot; | '''presens''' ...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="752" xml:space="preserve">{{Glossarium Batave}}

Het werkwoord &quot;'''zijn'''&quot; (verbum &quot;esse&quot;)

{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;width:30em;&quot;
! style=&quot;width:10em;&quot; | '''presens''' || style=&quot;width:20em;&quot; | '''onvoltooid tegenwoordige tijd'''
|-
| || 
|-
| sum || ik ben
|-
| es || jij bent
|-
| est || hij,zij,het is
|-
| || 
|-
| sumus || we zijn
|-
| estis || jullie zijn
|-
| sunt || ze zijn
|}

{| border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid silver;width:30em;&quot;
! style=&quot;width:10em;&quot; | '''imperfectum''' || style=&quot;width:20em;&quot; | '''onvoltooid verleden tijd'''
|-
| || 
|-
| eram || ik was
|-
| eras || jij was
|-
| erat || hij,zij,het was
|-
| || 
|-
| eramus || we waren
|-
| eratis || jullie waren
|-
| erant || ze waren
|}</text>
      <sha1>9jkifsqc7wfc9w4cyyxuvm6q2e1ilwb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Perfectum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2064</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8439</id>
      <parentid>8438</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T11:50:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1661" xml:space="preserve">'''Perfectum tempus'''

Rerum ''praeteritarium'' velut ''factarum principalium'' narratio de consuetudine [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|tempus]] '''perfectum''' requirit - temporum longitudinibus inter praesentem et perfectum contemptis.

=Perfectum historicum=

*'''Veni, vidi, vici.'''
*Et ita '''est factum'''. ([[w:Ammianus Marcellinus|Ammianus Marcellinus]])
*[[w:Cornelius Nepos]]: Hic enim cum Phylen confugisset, quod est castellum in Attica minutissimum, non plus hab'''uit''' secum triginta de suis.

=Perfectum constativum:=

*Apud Helvetios longe nobilissimus '''fuit''' et ditissimus Orgetorix. [[w:Iulius Caesar]], [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]

Exempla ex libro [[w:Cornelius Nepos|Cornelii Nepotis]]:

II. Themistocles: Pater eius Neocles generosus '''fuit'''.&lt;br&gt;
III. Aristides aequalis fere '''fuit''' Themistocli. &lt;br&gt;
IV. Pausanias magnus homo, sed varius in omni genere vitae '''fuit'''.&lt;br&gt;
V. Cimon duro admodum initio '''usus est''' adulescentiae.&lt;br&gt;
VI. Lysander magnam '''reliquit''' sui famam.  &lt;br&gt;
XIV: Datames primum militum numero '''fuit''' apud Artaxerxen eorum qui regiam tuebantur.

In sententiis lateralibus perfectum constativum potest esse [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]]. Verbi gratia:
#In eo itinere persuad'''et''' ([[Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum|praesens historicum]]) Castico ..., , ut regnum in civitate sua occup'''aret''', quod pater ante [[:wikt:habeo|habuerit]] ([[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]] constativum); [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]], 3

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Perfectum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Perfectum]]</text>
      <sha1>26zpizh2ohu32hs6yujfz26mib39yx0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2065</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5743</id>
      <parentid>5653</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-14T08:25:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]</text>
      <sha1>344mjtkhspett7qw8wrowntsp9lnaof</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2066</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5567</id>
      <parentid>5566</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T13:46:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Verba durativa */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1764" xml:space="preserve">'''Imperfectum tempus'''

Condiciones, tempora, ratio rerum, res, quae iuxta actionem praecipuam sunt, '''tempore imperfecto''' exprimuntur.

=Imperfectum durativum=

*Conclamabatur post haec nihilo minus... = continuabatur conclamari (Amm. Marc.)

=Exempla=

#Pro multitudine autem hominum et pro gloria belli atque fortitudinis angustos se fines habere arbitra'''bantur''', qui in longitudinem milia passuum CCXL, in latitudinem CLXXX pate'''bant'''. [[w:Iulius Caesar]], [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]] 
#Hoc crimine in contione ab inimicis compella'''batur''' ''[imperfectum conativum, durativum]''. Sed insta'''bat''' ''[condicio rerum]'' tempus ad bellum proficiscendi. Id ille intuens neque ignorans civium suorum consuetudinem postula'''bat''' ''[conativum, durativum]'', si quid de se agi vellent, potius de praesente quaestio haberetur, quam absens invidiae crimine accusaretur. Inimici vero eius quiescendum in praesenti, quia noceri non posse intellege'''bant''' ''[durativum, condiciones]'', et illud tempus exspectandum decreverunt ''([[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum historicum]])'', quo exisset, ut absentem aggrederentur; itaque fecerunt ''([[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum historicum, constativum]])''. [[w:Cornelius Nepos|Cornelius Nepos]]

=Verba durativa=

Nonnulla verba per se saepe durationem indicant et ergo saepe tempus imperfectum habent:

*[[:wikt:arbitror|arbitrabatur]]
*[[:wikt:cogito|cogitabat]]
*[[:wikt:puto|putabat]]
*[[:wikt:video|videbat]]

Haec verba etiam [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|tempus perfectum]] habere possunt, si puncti temporis actionem designent:
*Veni, [[:wikt:video|vidi]], vici.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Imperfectum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Imperfectum]]</text>
      <sha1>kfyj8218iab2l0h15kvms3xxui6ui1v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Coniugationes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2071</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5655</id>
      <parentid>5654</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:21:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1149" xml:space="preserve">'''Coniugationes'''

=a-coniugatio sive prima coniugatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Verba Latina coniugationis 1]]

==verba activa==

*[[:wikt:amo|amo]]

==verba deponentia==

*[[:wikt:conor|conor]]

=e-coniugatio sive secunda coniugatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Verba Latina coniugationis 2]]

*[[:wikt:defendeo|defendeo]]
*[[:wikt:habeo|habeo]]
*[[:wikt:moneo|moneo]]
*[[:wikt:prohibeo|prohibeo]]

=tertia coniugatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Verba Latina coniugationis 3]]

==verba activa==

===radices cum consonantibus atque radices &quot;u&quot;===

*[[:wikt:ago|ago]]
*[[:wikt:cogo|cogo]]

===verba finientia in &quot;-io&quot;===

*[[:wikt:capio|capio]]
*[[:wikt:confugio|confugio]]
*[[:wikt:fugio|fugio]]

==verba deponentia==

*[[:wikt:gradior|gradior]]
*[[:wikt:patior|patior]]

==verba semideponentia==

=i-coniugatio sive quarta coniugatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Verba Latina coniugationis 4]]

*[[:wikt:audio|audio]]
*[[:wikt:aperio|aperio]]

=Verba anormala=

*[[:wikt:anteeo|anteeo]]
*[[:wikt:eo|eo]]
*[[:wikt:facio|facio]]
*[[:wikt:fero|fero]]
*[[:wikt:sum|sum]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Coniugationes]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]</text>
      <sha1>5zcree32juz9833r8vj45qv8q8dz8ry</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba verba</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2073</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5154</id>
      <timestamp>2007-02-25T21:36:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]</text>
      <sha1>344mjtkhspett7qw8wrowntsp9lnaof</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Declinationes substantivorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2074</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7792</id>
      <parentid>6039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2016-03-08T13:28:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YaganZ</username>
        <id>1779</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* i-declinatio sive tertia declinatio */ corr.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2344" xml:space="preserve">'''Declinationes substantivorum'''

=a-declinatio sive prima declinatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina declinationis 1]]!

*[[:wikt:agricola|agricola ''masc.'']]
*[[:wikt:femina|femina ''fem.'']]

=o-declinatio sive secunda declinatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina declinationis 2]]!

*[[:wikt:castellum|castellum ''neutr.'']]
*[[:wikt:botulus|botulus ''masc.'']]
*[[:wikt:dominus|dominus ''masc.'']]
*[[:wikt:methodus|methodus ''fem.'']]
*[[:wikt:periodus|periodus ''fem.'']]

=i-declinatio sive tertia declinatio=

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina declinationis 3]]!

Casus genetivus pluralis in -um et in -ium finire potest. Casus genetivus pluralis in -um finit, si radix substantivi in littera consonanti finit: 

*[[:wikt:consul|consul ''masc.'']] → '''consul'''um
*[[:wikt:rex|rex ''fem.'']] → '''reg'''um
*[[:wikt:corpus|corpus ''neut.'']] → '''corpor'''um
*[[:wikt:natio|natio ''fem.'']] → '''nation'''um
Vide etiam: [[:wikt:labor|labor ''masc.'']], [[:wikt:mulier|mulier ''fem.'']], [[:wikt:lex|lex ''fem.'']], [[:wikt:vox|vox ''fem.'']], [[:wikt:fulgur|fulgur ''neut.'']], [[:wikt:tempus|tempus ''neut.'']]

Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina declinationis 3 &quot;cum i&quot;]]!

Casus genetivus pluralis in -ium finit, si radix substantivi in pluribus litteris consonantibus finit: 

*[[:wikt:ars|ars ''fem.'']] → '''art'''ium
*[[:wikt:nox|nox ''fem.'']] → '''noct'''ium (x = ks → ct, duae consonantes)

Casus genetivus pluralis in -ium finit, si substativum neutrum in -ar, -e, -al finit: 

*[[:wikt:animal|animal ''neutr.'']] → '''animal'''ium
*[[:wikt:mare|mare ''neutr.'']] → '''mar'''ium

Casus genetivus pluralis in -ium finit, si numerus syllabarum casu nominativo idem est quam casu genetivo et casus nominativu in -is vel -es finit: 

*[[:wikt:turris|turris ''fem.'']]

=u-declinatio sive quarta declinatio=
*[[:wikt:magistratus|magistratus ''masc.'']]

=e-declinatio sive quinta declinatio=

=declinatio Graeca=

Vide [[w:Usor:Fabullus/declinatio nominum Graecorum]]&lt;br&gt;
Vide [[w:Translitteratio Linguae Graecae]]&lt;br&gt;
Vide [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina declinationis Graecae]]

*[[:wikt:Atlas|Atlas]] ''masc''
*[[:wikt:systema|systema]] ''neutr.''

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva|Declinationes substantivorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Declinationes substantivorum]]</text>
      <sha1>i5nprun34o5jt2s7h5ruxpxbh58c5zd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Declinationes adiectivorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2075</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5517</id>
      <parentid>5451</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T09:03:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* adiectica trium suffixorum */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="789" xml:space="preserve">=Declinatio=

==a- et o-declinatio sive declinatio prima secundaque==

*[[:wikt:magnus|magnus]], magna, magnum cum comparativo &quot;maior&quot; et superlativo &quot;maximus&quot;
*[[:wikt:multus|multus]], multa, multum cum comparativo alius radicis &quot;plus&quot; et superlativo &quot;plurimus&quot;

==i-declinatio sive tertia declinatio==

===adiectica unius suffixi===

*Vide: [[wikt:Categoria:Adiectiva una syllaba ultima]]
*[[:wikt:simplex|simplex]]

===adiectica duorum suffixorum===

*Vide [[wikt:Categoria:Adiectiva duabus syllabis ultimis]]
*[[:wikt:similis|similis]]

===adiectica trium suffixorum===

*Vide [[wikt:Categoria:Adiectiva tribus syllabis ultimis]]
*[[:wikt:acer|acer]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Adiectiva|Declinationes adiectivorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Declinationes adiectivorum]]</text>
      <sha1>duf4jzxljl0wmf9n9fbhq7p847t006a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Futurum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2077</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7818</id>
      <parentid>7817</parentid>
      <timestamp>2016-09-05T20:41:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Exempla */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="627" xml:space="preserve">'''Tempus futurum'''

=Exempla=

&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:RevalLibauBerl1.jpg|[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|Futurum]]: DONEC ERIS FELIX&lt;br&gt; Futurum: MULTOS NUMERABIS AMICOS
Image:RevalLibauBerl.jpg|[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|Futurum exactum]]: TEMPORA SI FUERINT NUBILA&lt;br&gt; Futurum: SOLUS ERIS
&lt;/gallery&gt;

*Egregie, Caesar, [[Grammatica Latina/quod|quod]] lacrimas parentum vectigales esse non '''poteris'''. (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, cf. &quot;Ciceronian Controversies&quot;, ed. Joann Dellaneva, Cambridge, London 2007)

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Futurum tempus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Futurum tempus]]</text>
      <sha1>ed22ct43lh1q78fiutaztklnqvjbhpb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2078</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5515</id>
      <parentid>5331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T09:03:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Exempla */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="414" xml:space="preserve">'''Futurum exactum'''

=Exempla=

&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:RevalLibauBerl1.jpg|[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|Futurum]]: DONEC ERIS FELIX&lt;br&gt; Futurum: MULTOS NUMERABIS AMICOS
Image:RevalLibauBerl.jpg|[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|Futurum exactum]]: TEMPORA SI FUERINT NUBILA&lt;br&gt; Futurum: SOLUS ERIS
&lt;/gallery&gt;

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Futurum exactum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Futurum exactum]]</text>
      <sha1>g5ifj4mudxpkedc7i41v4bgvlueiz6v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2079</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5665</id>
      <parentid>5658</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:31:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula inflexibilia]]</text>
      <sha1>tr02hsjer7cgwnxwkor18iq2ia8ww9a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Genetivus apud substantiva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2080</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5344</id>
      <parentid>5343</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-08-15T13:53:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Metaphorice */ fmz.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1261" xml:space="preserve">'''Genetivus apud substantiva'''

=Genetivus partitivus=
==Substantiva designantia mensuram==
==Adiectiva substantivata mensuram designantia==
*quis
*quisquam
*quidam
*nemo
*alter
*nihil
*id
*idem
*hoc
*quid
*aliquid
*quidquid

===Exempla===

*Nonnullis '''hoc''' viti'''i''' conciliavit educatio verius quam natura. ([[:w:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]], &quot;Familiarum colloquiorum formulae&quot;)
*Urbanum est addere cognationis aut affinitatis titulum, nisi cum habent '''aliquid''' odi'''i'''. ([[:w:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]], &quot;Familiarum colloquiorum formulae&quot;)

==pronomina in usu substantivico==
==adverbia qualitatis==
==comparativa, superlativa, numeri ordinales==

=Genetivus possessivus=
==Possessorem indicat==
==Metaphorice==

Apud verba impersonalia est:
*est [[:w:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]], &quot;Familiarum colloquiorum formulae&quot;:
**Quidam usque adeo Deme'''ae''' ingenioque agresti '''sunt''', ut vix satutati resalutent.
**Urbanita'''tis est''' salutare obvios.
 
*videtur
*existimatur
*alia verba

=Genetivus definitivus=
=Genetivi subiectivus et obiectivus=
=Genetivus qualitatis=

=Genetivus ut Locativus vetus=
*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Genetivus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva]]</text>
      <sha1>h41bho2nk7ttr1r48iplh2jly5hs7ri</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/ut</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2082</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5841</id>
      <parentid>5840</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T23:20:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cum tempore absoluto */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1286" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:ut|ut]]''' est [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|coniunctio]] quam ''modus coniunctivus'' sequitur.

=adversativum=
=concessivum=
*[[:wikt:ut|Ut]] desint vires tamen laudanda est voluntas.

=consecutivum=

==cum [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempore absoluto]]==

*Unde [[:wikt:facio|factum est]], [[:wikt:ut|ut]] plerumque pro Ethica Satyram [[:wikt:scribo|scripserint]] [perfectum constativum, [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]] ], et [[:wikt:ut|ut]] nunquam Politicam [[:wikt:concipio|conceperint]] [perfectum constativum, [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempus absolutum]] ], ... ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])
*Qui [[:wikt:fio|fieri]] potuit, [[:wikt:ut|ut]] sciens ... lapsus [[:wikt:sum|fuerit]]? ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])
*Quis eum adeo amentem [[:wikt:reddo|reddidit]], [[:wikt:ut|ut]] Deo maior esse [[:wikt:volo|voluerit]]? ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

=explicativum=
=finale=

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|ut]]</text>
      <sha1>7ak8d3ospoz3rytjw7v4idofzqer2yf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter/Nova verba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10419</id>
      <parentid>10378</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-29T07:44:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>assula flammifera</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4056" xml:space="preserve">Hic collectio in primis novorum verborum est quae in libris Latinis de [[w:Harrius Potter|Harrio Potter]] inveniri possunt. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Lingua Anglica
!Lingua Latina
!Lingua Germanica
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | A
|-
|alarm clock
|horologium monitorium (-i, n)
|Wecker m
|-
|air-rifle
|manuballista aere compresso acta (-ae, f)
|Luftgewehr n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | B
|-
|bill
|mercium venditarum ratio (-nis, f)
|Rechnung f
|-
|briefcase
|chartarum theca (-ae, f)
|Brieftasche f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | C
|-
|Christmas day
|dies natalis Christi (-ei, m)
|Weihnachten f, pl
|-
|computer game
|ludus computatorius (-i, m)
|Computerspiel n
|-
|corridor
|[[:wikt:transitus|transitus]] (-us, m)
|Gang m
|-
|cupboard
|armarium (-i, n)
|Wandschrank m
|-
|curry
|prandium Indorum (-i, n)
|Curry n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | D
|-
|dairy
|cella lactaria (-ae, f)
|Molkerei f
|-
|doormat
|tapes calceis purgandis (-etis, m)
|Schuhabstreifer m
|-
|drive
|gestatio (-ionis, f)
|Auffahrt f
|-
|dustbin
|receptaculum sordium domesticarum (-i, n)
|Mülleimer m
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | F
|-
|food mixer
|machina mixtoria (-ae, f))
|Mixer m
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | G
|-
|glasses
|perspicilla (-orum, n, pl))
|Brille f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | H
|-
|holidays
|feriae (-arum, f, pl)
|Ferien f
|-
|-
|hospital
|valentudinarium (-i, n)&lt;ref&gt;Pagina 72&lt;/ref&gt;
|Krankenhaus n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | J
|-
|jeans
|bracae linteae caeruleae&lt;ref&gt;pagina 72&lt;/ref&gt;
|Jeans f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | K
|-
|keyhole
|foramen in quo clavis insereretur (-inis, n)
|Schlüsselloch n
|- 
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | L
|-
|letter-box
|arcus cursualis (-us, m))
|Briefkasten m
|-
|London Underground
|Ferrivia Subterranea Londoniensis (-ae, f))
|Londoner U-Bahn f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | M
|-
|map
|charta (-ae, f)
|Landkarte f
|-
|Mars Bar
|Quadra Martis (-ae, f)
|Mars-Bar f
|-
|match
|[[:wiktionary:en:assula#Latin|assula]] flammifera&lt;ref&gt;Pagina 108&lt;/ref&gt;
|Streichholz n
|-
|milk man
|lactearius (-i, m)
|Milchmann m
|-
|motorcycle
|birota automataria (-ae, f)
|Motorrad n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | P
|-
|postcard
|publici cursus chartula (-ae, f)
|Postkarte f
|-
|postman
|tabellarius (-i, m)
|Briefträger m
|-
|post office
|epistularum deribitorium (-i, n)
|Postamt n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | R
|-
|rifle
|manuballista (-ae, f)
|Gewehr n
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | S
|-
|sandwich
|quadrula duplex panis (quadrulae duplices panis) (-ae, f)&lt;ref&gt;Pagina 81&lt;/ref&gt;
|Sandwich n
|-
|shelf
|pluteum (-i, n)
|Regal n
|-
|sleeping bag
|saccus dormitorius (-i, m)
|Schlafsack m
|-
|stamp
|pittacium cursuale (-ii, n)
|Briefmarke f
|-
|steering wheel
|rota gubernatoris (-ae, f)
|Lenkrad n
|-
|summer holidays
|feriae aestivae (-arum, f, pl)
|Sommerferien f
|-
|suspension bridge
|pons suspensus (-tis, m)
|Hängebrücke f  
|-
|sweets
| [[:wiktionary:en:bellariola|bellariola]] (-orum, n) (diminitivus [[:wiktionary:en:bellariola|bellaria]])
|Süßigkeiten f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | T
|-
|tank
|currus loricatus machina propulsus (-i, m)
|Panzer m
|-
|telephone
|telephonium (-ii, n)
|Telefon n
|-
|Tenpin bowling
|[[:wiktionary:la:ludus|Ludus]] decem [[:wiktionary:la:conus|conorum]] (-i, m)
|Bowling n
|-
|ticket office
|diribitorium (-i, n)&lt;ref&gt;p76&lt;/ref&gt;
|Fahrkartenschalter m
|-
|-
|tie
|fascia (-ae, f)
|Krawatte f
|-
|train
|[[:wikt:hamaxostichus|hamaxostichus]] (-i, m)
|Zug m 
|-
|train driver
|[[:wikt:rector|rector]] hamaxostichi
|Zugführer-in 
|-
|traffic jam
|vehicula impedita (-orum, n, pl)
|Verkehrsstau m
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Z
|-
|team
|[[:wiktionary:en:turma|turma]] (-ae, f)
|Mannschaft f
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Z
|-
|zoo
|saeptum ferarum (-i, n)
|Zoo m
|}

==Libri==

Vide [[w:Harrius Potter#Latina lingua|indicem librorum de Harrio Potter Latine scriptorum]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

[[Categoria:Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter]]</text>
      <sha1>9xdcwg44al2wvl7u2wbhz3qwqqbxkfk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter/Verba quae ad tempus spectant</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2084</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10343</id>
      <parentid>5975</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-26T19:07:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sortable</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4054" xml:space="preserve">Hic collectio verborum est quae ad res temporales spectant et in libris Latinis de [[w:Harrius Potter|Harrio Potter]] inveniri possunt. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Lingua Anglica
!Lingua Latina
!Lingua Germanica
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | A
|-
|a few minutes later
|paucis post minutis
|ein paar Minuten später
|-
|about once a week
|circa semel in hebdomade
|ungefähr einmal die Woche
|-
|all day
|illo die
|den ganzen Tag
|-
|almost ten years
|paene decem annos
|seit fast zehn Jahren
|-
|another time
|alio tempore
|ein ander Mal
|-
|at five o'clock
|quinta hora
|um fünf Uhr
|-
|at six o'clock
|ubi sexta hora insonuit
|um sechs Uhr
|-
|at his birthday
|natali eius
|an seinem Geburtstag
|-
|at that moment
|illo momento
|in diesem Augenblick
|-
|at the moment
|illo tempore
|im Augenblick
|-
|at this very moment
|hoc ipso tempore
|genau in diesem Augenblick
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | E
|-
|every year
|quotannis
|jedes Jahr
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | B
|-
|by nightfall
|nocte cadente
|mit Einbruch der Dunkelheit
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | F
|-
|for a full minute
|per spatium minuti
|eine volle Minute lang
|-
|for a moment
|per momentum, momentum temporis
|einen Augenblick lang
|-
|for a second
|punctum temporis
|einen Augenblick lang
|-
|for about half an hour
|circa dimidiam horam
|etwa eine halbe Stunde lang
|-
|for eleven years
|his undecim annis&lt;br&gt;undecim iam annos
|die letzten elf Jahre&lt;br&gt;schon seit elf Jahren
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | H
|-
|half an hour later
|dimidia post hora
|eine halbe Stunde später
|-
|half past eight
|octava hora et dimidia
|halb neun
|-
|hours later
|aliquot horas post
|Stunden später
|-
|how much time
|quantum temporis
|wieviel Zeit inzwischen
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | I
|-
|in a few hours' time
|paucis horis 
|ein paar Stunden lang
|-
|in five minutes
|quinque minutis 
|in fünf Minuten
|-
|it was a few seconds before
|pauci secundi praeterierant priusquam 
|Es dauerte einige Sekunden bis
|-
|it was a very sunny Saturday
|illo die Saturni caelum erat serenum 
|An diesem sehr sonnigen Samstag
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | L
|-
|last night
|proxima nocte 
|letzte Nacht
|-
|last year
|proximo anno 
|letztes Jahr
|-
|late that afternoon
|serius postmeridiano tempore
|am späten Nachmittag
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | M
|-
|month old
|uno antea mense acceptus  
|ein Monat alt
|-
|much later
|multo postea  
|lange danach
|-
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | N
|-
|nearly ten years had passed since
|Paene decem anni praeterierant ex quo  
|Schon fast zehn Jahre waren vergangen seitdem
|-
|next morning
|postridie mane
|am nächsten morgen
|-
|next morning at breakfast
|postridie mane hora ientaculi
|am nächsten morgen beim Frühstück
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | O
|-
|on Friday
|die Veneris
|am Freitag
|-
|on Saturday
|die Saturni
|am Samstag
|-
|on Sunday
|die Solis
|am Sonntag
|-
|on Sunday morning
|die Solis mane
|am Sonntagmorgen
|-
|on the night when
|(ex) illa nocte qua
|in der Nacht als
|-
|one day in July
|die quodam mensis Iulii
|an einem Tag im Juli
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | T
|-
|ten minutes later
|decem minutis post
|zehn Minuten später
|-
|ten years ago
|decem abhinc annos
|vor zehn Jahren
|-
|that afternoon
|pomeridiano tempore
|am Nachmittag
|-
|that evening
|vespere illius diei
|an diesem Abend
|-
|the next few weeks
|per proximas hebdomades
|die nächsten Wochen
|-
|the next morning
|postridie mane
|am nächsten morgen
|-
|the second
|simul ac
|sowie
|-
|this time yesterday
|eadem hora pridie
|zu dieser Zeit vor einem Tag
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | W
|-
|what time
|quota hora
|wieviel Uhr
|-
|when
|ubi
|als
|-
|within seconds
|paucis minutis
|innerhalb von Sekunden
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Y
|-
|yet
|iam
|schon
|}

==Libri==

Vide [[w:Harrius Potter#Latina lingua|indicem librorum de Harrio Potter Latine scriptorum]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

[[Categoria:Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter]]</text>
      <sha1>33c5lqxwypykiqm1fue4kxjpjl7csl3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2086</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5298</id>
      <timestamp>2007-07-23T16:46:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Lingua Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Lingua Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>mtx33ucw5dlpfaqrri2v68qnysm6yhn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2090</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5992</id>
      <parentid>5991</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-01-04T22:24:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverti recensiones ab usore [[User:71.80.169.88|71.80.169.88]] ([[User talk:71.80.169.88|Disputatio]] | [[Special:Contributions/71.80.169.88|conlationes]]) ad mutationem proximam ab [[User:UV|UV]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="257" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Harrius Potter|Harrio Potter]] et [[w:Harrius Potter#Latina lingua|indicem librorum de Harrio Potter Latine scriptorum]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>3by5ssbusicvagb5mt1btvclweyh9j9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/quod</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2091</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6092</id>
      <parentid>5846</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-04-16T20:22:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* quod explicativum seu causale */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1174" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:quod|quod]]''' [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|coniunctio]] est (inter alia).

=quod explicativum seu causale=

Exemplum: 

;[[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|Tempus absolutum]]:

*...multum ei [[:wikt:detraho|detraxit]] inter eos viventi, quod alienae [[:wikt:sum|erat]] civitatis. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Nepos]], XVIII, Eumenes.

;[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Coniunctivus]] obliquus:

*..., graviter eos accusat, quod ... tam propinquis hostibus ab iis non [[:wikt:sublevo|sublevetur]], ... [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesaris]] [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]], 16
* ... iam non immeritus quaeritur, quae causa sit, quod ... 2000 annis incognita postea [[:wikt:sum|fuerit]].  — [[Grammatica Latina/Erasmus Schmidius|Erasmus Schmidius]]
*Hinc ... quod ... naturalium potentia ... ipsissima Dei [[:wikt:sum|sit]] potentia, facile intellegimus, quid ius naturae sit. ([[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]])

=quod causale=

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|quod]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|quod]]</text>
      <sha1>d24jt7n5iiy25ugqnbuj7ec9w7q5epj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Declinationes nominum locorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2095</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6615</id>
      <parentid>5446</parentid>
      <timestamp>2009-03-01T11:02:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lacus */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="595" xml:space="preserve">'''Declinationes nominum locorum'''

=Urbes et oppida=

Vide: [[:wikt:Categoria:Nomina Latina oppidorum]]

==a-declinatio - declinatio 1==

*[[:wikt:Athenae|Athenae]]
*[[:wikt:Roma|Roma]]

==o-declinatio - declinatio 2==

*[[:wikt:Antium|Antium]]
*[[:wikt:Bauzanum|Bauzanum]]
*[[:wikt:Lapurdum|Lapurdum]]

==i-declinatio - declinatio 3==

*[[:wikt:Neapolis|Neapolis]]

=Terrae=

=Flumina=

=Lacus=

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva|Declinationes nominum locorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Declinationes nominum locorum]]

= Vide etiam =
*[[Grammatica Latina/Unde? Ubi? Quo?]]</text>
      <sha1>om22a9n34h3ecwiahly0ezmd0qu43n6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/postquam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2097</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5935</id>
      <parentid>5603</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-26T22:37:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* tempus imperfectum */ Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5811" xml:space="preserve">'''Postquam''' regit modum indicativum et est cum 

=[[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|tempore perfecto]]=

Plerumque [[:wikt:postquam|postquam]] est cum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|tempore perfecto]], id est cum [[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|tempore absoluto]]:

#...'''postquam''' in dies dolores accrescere febresque accessisse [[:wikt:sentio|sensit]], Agrippam generum ad se accersi iussit [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], Atticus, cap. 21.
#Postquam id animum [[:wikt:adverto|advertit]], copias suas Caesar in proximum collem subduxit ... [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
#Eo postquam Caesar pervenit, obsides, arma, servos qui ad eos perfugissent, poposcit. [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I]]
#Postquam omnes Belgarum copias in unum locum coactas ad se venire [[:wikt:video|vidit]] neque iam longe abesse ab iis quos miserat exploratoribus et ab Remis cognovit, flumen Axonam, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus, exercitum traducere maturavit atque ibi castra posuit. [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber II]]
#Quod postquam barbari fieri [[:wikt:animadverto|animadverterunt]], expugnatis compluribus navibus, cum ei rei nullum reperiretur auxilium, fuga salutem petere contenderunt. [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber III]]

=[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|tempore plusquamperfecto]]=

[[:wikt:postquam|Postquam]] est cum [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|tempore plusquamperfecto]] modi indicativi si distantia temporalis ad actionem sententiae capitalis ablativo mensurae temporali exacte indicatur.

#...'''nono anno''', '''postquam''' in Hispaniam [[:wikt:venio|venerat]], in proelio pugnans adversus Vettones occisus est. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], Hamilcar, cap. 4
#Huc ut rediit, rex factus est, postquam praetor [[:wikt:sum|fuerat]], '''anno secundo et vicesimo'''. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], Hannibal, cap. 7
#...anno tertio, postquam domo profugerat,... [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], Hannibal, cap. 8
#Isdem rursus vestigiis situm est, postquam interiecto quadringentorum quindecim annorum spatio L. Scipione C. Norbano consulibus flagraverat. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber III]], LXXII

=aut [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens|tempore praesenti]] aut tempore imperfecto vel tempore plusquamperfecto=

Si status vel durationem in sententia laterali cum [[:wikt:postquam|postquam]] describitur tempus est aut praesens, si status etiam nunc est vel adhuc durat, aut imperfectum vel plusquamperfectum, si status fuit vel tempore praeterito duravit:

==Tempus praesens==

#Quae postquam firma suique roboris esse [[:wikt:video|videt]], terras hominumque labores perspicit. [[w:Ovidius Naso|Publii Ovidii Nasonis]] [[s:Metamorphoseon - Liber II]]
#Funeribus fessi postquam mortalia cernunt temptamenta nihil, nihil artes posse medentum, auxilium caeleste petunt ... [[w:Ovidius Naso|Publii Ovidii Nasonis]] [[s:Metamorphoseon - Liber XV]]
#Haec ferociter locutus, postquam perstare in perfidia Classicum Tutoremque [[:wikt:video|videt]], verso itinere Novaesium concedit. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber IV]], LVII
#...postquam maiorem legionum partem in officio [[:wikt:video|vident]], de sententia legati statuunt tempus,... [[w:Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]] [[s:Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales) - Liber I]], IIL
#Postquam vero nationes in familiis [[:wikt:habeo|habemus]], quibus diversi ritus, externa sacra aut nulla sunt, conluviem istam non nisi metu coercueris. [[w:Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]] [[s:Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales) - Liber XIV]], XLIV

==[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|tempus imperfectum]]==

#Labienus, postquam neque aggeres neque fossae vim hostium sustinere [[:wikt:possum|poterant]], coactis una XL cohortibus, quas ex proximis praesidus deductas fors obtulit, Caesarem per nuntios facit certiorem quid faciendum existimet. [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber VII]]
#Postquam in conspectu Padus et nox adpetebat vallari castra placuit. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber II]] 
# Haec ferociter iactando, postquam immissis lictoribus Valens coercere seditionem coeptabat, ipsum invadunt, saxa iaciunt, fugientem sequuntur. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber II]]
# ...postquam merces proditionis aut bellum ostendebatur, fluxa, ut est barbaris, fide pactus Aniceti exitium perfugas tradidit,... [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber III]], XLVIII
#Domitianum, postquam nihil hostile metuebatur, ad duces partium progressum et Caesarem consalutatum miles frequens utque erat in armis in paternos penatis deduxit. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber III]], LXXXVI

==[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|tempus plusquamperfectum]]==

#Infecit ea tabes legionum quoque et auxiliorum motas iam mentis, postquam vulgatum erat labare Germanici exercitus fidem. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber I]]
#igitur duobus militibus, altero legionis quintae, altero e Galli auxiliaribus, per lasciviam ad certamen luctandi accensis, postquam legionarius prociderat, insultante Gallo et iis qui ad spectandum convenerant in studia diductis, erupere legionarii in perniciem auxiliorum ac duae cohortes interfectae. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber II]] 
#...et postquam regnum in formam provinciae verterat,... [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber III]], XLVII
#At Romae senatus cuncta principibus solita Vespasiano decernit, laetus et spei certus, quippe sumpta per Gallias Hispaniasque civilia arma, motis ad bellum Germaniis, mox Illyrico, postquam Aegyptum Iudaeam Syriamque et omnis provincias exercitusque lustraverant, velut expiato terrarum orbe cepisse finem videbantur. [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber IV]], III
#Dein postquam inanem animum spe et cupidine impleverat, viris abolet... [[s:Historiae (Tacitus) - Liber IV]], XXXIX

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|postquam]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|postquam]]</text>
      <sha1>bck0ufwg648h59ibkairuwaiy9jt1ay</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2098</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5521</id>
      <parentid>5502</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T09:05:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Modus coniunctivus */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1639" xml:space="preserve">'''Tempus plusquamperfectum''' indicat actus vel eventus qui respectu puncti temporis praeteriti ante [[:wikt:sum|fuerunt]] vel [[:wikt:sum|fuerant]]. 

==Modus indicativus==
#...barbarus non dubitans, eo potissimum hostis impetum facturos, omnis suas cipiaas eo contr'''axerat'''. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], XVII,2,1
#...tantaque usus est celeritate, ut, quod iter Xerxes anno vertente confec'''erat''', hic transierit triginta diebus. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], XVII,4,3

==Modus coniunctivus==
#Primum [eius] ratio habebatur, qui maximus natu esset ex liberis eius, qui regnans decess'''isset''';... [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], XVII,1,3
#Et quo studiosius armarentur insigiusque ornarentur, praemia proposuit, quibus donarentur, quorum egregia in ea re [[:wikt:sim|fuisset]] industria. Fecit idem in exercitationum generibus, ut, qui ceteris praestit'''issent''', eos magnis afficeret muneribus. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], XVII,2,3.
#Huic cum tempus '''esset visum''' copias extrahere ex hibernaculis, vidit, si, quo esset iter facturus, palam pronunt'''iasset''', hostis non credituros aliasque regiones praesidiis occupaturos neque dubitaturos aliud eum facturum ac pronunt'''iasset'''. Itaque cum ille Sardis iturum se [[:wikt:dico|dixisset]], Tissaphernes eandem Cariam defendendendam putavit. In quo cum eum opinio fefell'''isset''' victumque se [[:wikt:video|vidisset]] consilio, sero suis praesidio profectus est. Nam cum illo [[:wikt:venio|venisset]], iam Agesilaus magna erat praeda potitus. [[w:Cornelius Nepos]], XVII,2,4seqq.


[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Plusquamperfectum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Plusquamperfectum]]</text>
      <sha1>gobp59388b8lwoeew34qlb9xudctciz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Tempora</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2099</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8436</id>
      <parentid>6838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T11:47:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Perfectum */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1175" xml:space="preserve">Verba '''tempora''' indicant quibus aliquid fit vel agitur.

=Tempora verborum sunt haec:=

Tempora sunt
*[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|capitalia]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|lateralia]]

et 

*[[Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum|absoluta]]
*recta secundum regulam [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|Consecutionis temporum]]

== Praesens==

Praesens&lt;br&gt;Praesens historicum

== [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Imperfectum]] ==
== [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|Perfectum]] ==
Rerum ''praeteritarium'' velut ''factarum principalium'' narratio de consuetudine tempus '''perfectum''' requirit - temporum longitudinibus inter praesentem et perfectum contemptis.

== [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|Plusquamperfectum]] ==
== [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|Futurum]] ==
== [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|Futurum exactum]] ==
== Coniugatio periphrastica ==

===Nexus externus===
*[http://www.taratalla.de/grammatik/index.php?a=satzlehre&amp;z=A412 Taratalla] (Germanice)

=Ordo temporum est hic:=

== [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|Consecutio temporum]] ==

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|!]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Tempora]]</text>
      <sha1>3lq4wko1r49nuzg9oeceje0pp7obxpx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2100</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5546</id>
      <parentid>5531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T11:53:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="618" xml:space="preserve">'''Tempora capitalia''' etiam ''tempora praesentia'' sunt [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|tempora]] haec:

*praesens
*Nonnumquam [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum|praesens historicum]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|tempus laterale]] esse potest.
*[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|futurum]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|exactum]]

Tempora capitalia et [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|lateralia]] in [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutione temporis]] maioris momenti sunt. 

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempora capitalia]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Tempora capitalia]]</text>
      <sha1>enokdoastcyusxvy9cpe10htkwu5k7i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2101</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5545</id>
      <parentid>5532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T11:50:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="602" xml:space="preserve">'''Tempora lateralia''' etiam ''tempora praeterita'' sunt [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|tempora]] haec:

*[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfectum]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]]
*[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|plusquamperfectum]]
*nonnumquam [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum|praesens historicum]]

Tempora lateralia et [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora capitalia|capitalia]] in [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutione temporis]] maioris momenti sunt. 

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempora lateralia]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Tempora lateralia]]</text>
      <sha1>ku4mvdi05csps0ke58wrtu6xwbneyz5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2102</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5548</id>
      <parentid>5547</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-08T11:58:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="372" xml:space="preserve">'''Praesens historicum''' habet formam temporis praesentis sed est sensu tempus praeteritum. Applicatur in narrationibus. Eo quod res gesta nec praesentia describit nonnumquam est [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora lateralia|tempus laterale]] seu praeteritum. 

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Praesens historicum]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Praesens historicum]]</text>
      <sha1>meeij8vf5mpz7i3dvunujazcxrwzojb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Tempus absolutum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2103</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5811</id>
      <parentid>5611</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T09:23:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Perfectum constativum regit tempus absolutum */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1134" xml:space="preserve">'''Tempus absolutum''' est in sententiis capitalibus. 

In sententiis autem lateralibus saepenumero [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|tempora]] reguntur 
*ratione temporali qua sententia lateralis est respectu sententiae capitalis
*[[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|Consecutione temporum]].

Nonnumquam autem etiam in sententiis lateralibus tempora sunt absoluta et consecutione temporum non reguntur. 

=Exempli gratia=

==Perfectum constativum regit tempus absolutum==

In sententia laterali perfectum constativum tempus absolutum est, quod non consecutione temporum regitur.

#In eo itinere persuad'''et''' ([[Grammatica Latina/Praesens historicum|praesens historicum]]) Castico ..., , ut regnum in civitate sua occup'''aret''', quod pater ante [[:wikt:habeo|habuerit]] ([[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]] constativum et tempus absolutum consecutione temporum non rectum);... [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]] [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico - Liber I|Liber I]], 3

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempus absolutum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Tempus absolutum]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2104</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8386</id>
      <parentid>5966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-10-05T17:02:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* concessivus */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2400" xml:space="preserve">'''Modus coniunctivus''' possibilitatem vel casum irrealem indicat. Contrarius est [[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|modo indicativo]]

Coniunctivi sunt hi:

=Sententiae voluntatem indicantes=
==optativus==
===optio possibilis===
===optio impossibilis===
====tempus praesens====
*[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Imperfectum]]

====tempus praeteritum====
*[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|plusquamperfectum]]

==concessivus==
*Nemo est qui non [[wikt:intellegat|intellegat]] universam rem publicam in gravi periculo esse.

Consecutio: Nemo est in hoc statu, quin (ut non) intellegat (consecutio) universam rem publicam in gravi periculo esse.

==hortativus==
==iussivus==
==prohibitivus==

=Sententiae aliquid indicantes=
==potentialis==
===tempus praesens===
[[Grammatica Latina/Praesens|Praesens]]:

*Unde factum est, ut plerumque pro Ethica Satyram scripserint, et ut nunquam Politicam conceperint, quae [[:wikt:possum|possit]] ad usum revocari, sed quae pro Chimaera haberetur, vel quae in Utopia, vel in illo Poëtarum aureo saeculo, ubi scilicet minime necesse erat, institui potuisset. [[s:Scriptor:Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedicti de Spinoza]] [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

===tempus praeteritum===
[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Imperfectum]]:

*Unde factum est, ut plerumque pro Ethica Satyram scripserint, et ut nunquam Politicam conceperint, quae possit ad usum revocari, sed quae pro Chimaera [[:wikt:habeo|haberetur]], vel quae in Utopia, vel in illo Poëtarum aureo saeculo, ubi scilicet minime necesse erat, institui potuisset. [[s:Scriptor:Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedicti de Spinoza]] [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

==irrealis==
===tempus praesens===
===tempus praeteritum===
[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|Plusquamperfectum]]:

*Unde factum est, ut plerumque pro Ethica Satyram scripserint, et ut nunquam Politicam conceperint, quae possit ad usum revocari, sed quae pro Chimaera haberetur, vel quae in Utopia, vel in illo Poëtarum aureo saeculo, ubi scilicet minime necesse erat, institui [[:wikt:possum|potuisset]]. [[s:Scriptor:Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedicti de Spinoza]] [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

=Sententiae [[Grammatica Latina/Quaestiones|quaesitivae]]=

=deliberativus=
===tempus praesens===
===tempus praeteritum===
*[[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|Imperfectum]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Coniunctivus, modus]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Modi|Modi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Modi</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2105</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5652</id>
      <parentid>5615</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:19:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2106</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5662</id>
      <parentid>5644</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:29:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula flexibilia]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5660</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:25:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula flexibilia</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2111</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5663</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:30:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="40" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula]]</text>
      <sha1>rtfhs2dt9lxvrekhru26c26hns7rio2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula inflexibilia</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2112</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5666</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-11T21:32:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="40" xml:space="preserve">[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula]]</text>
      <sha1>o7twwq1nk0qc6narq0rec2ufki7wa9m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/nomine</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5685</id>
      <parentid>5684</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-12T10:36:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="807" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:nomine|nomine]]''' est ablativus vocis &quot;[[:wikt:nomen|nomen]]&quot;

*... trans Menum nomine fluvium ... [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XVII.
*Eodem tempore Faustinam nomine sortitus est coniugem... [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XXI.
*...cum ad suburbanum venisset disiunctum exinde tertio lapide, Hippocephalum nomine, ... [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XXI.
*...osculo susceptum rectorem provinciae nomine Celsum ... Tarsum secum induxit. [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XXII.
*...post interfectum fratrem nomine Phocum... [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XXII.

=Cum [[Grammatica Latina/Genetivus|casu genetivo]]=

*...legationis nomine precator venerat... [[w:Ammianus Marcellinus]], liber XVIII.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Ablativus]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|nomine]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Nominativus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2116</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5734</id>
      <parentid>5716</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-13T09:27:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Nominativus apud infinitivum obiectum */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="624" xml:space="preserve">'''Nominativus''' seu '''rectus''' casus.

=Nominativus apud [[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|infinitivum]] obiectum=

*unde fit, ut cum [[:wikt:omnis|omnes]] pariter [[:wikt:appeto|appetant]] [[:wikt:primus|primi]] ([[Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|casus nominativus]]) [[:wikt:sum|esse]], in contentiones veniant. [[w:Spinoza]], [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

&quot;primi&quot; est coniunctum cum [[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|infinitivo]] &quot;[[:wikt:esse|esse]]&quot; et [[Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|casum nominativum]] habet &quot;omnes&quot; sequens.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|!]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Nominativus]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nominativus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2117</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5692</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-12T14:54:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Casus]]</text>
      <sha1>k6fs55wu8bgcvx9jjcngal18vusj93m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2119</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6009</id>
      <parentid>6006</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-02-11T21:22:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="754" xml:space="preserve">'''Infinitivus'''

=Infinitivum ut objectum=

*unde fit, ut cum [[:wikt:omnis|omnes]] pariter [[:wikt:appeto|appetant]] [[:wikt:primus|primi]] ([[Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|casus nominativus]]) [[:wikt:sum|esse]], in contentiones [[:wikt:venio|veniant]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]] 

&quot;primi&quot; est coniunctum cum [[Grammatica Latina/Infinitivus|infinitivo]] &quot;[[:wikt:esse|esse]]&quot; et [[Grammatica Latina/Nominativus|casum nominativum]] habet &quot;omnes&quot; sequens.

=Accusativus cum Infinitivo=
*[[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus cum infinitivo|Accusativus cum infinitivo]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Infinitivus]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba|Infinitivus]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5965</id>
      <parentid>5781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-30T12:10:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="250" xml:space="preserve">'''Modus indicativus''' describit res veras, eventus. Contrarius est [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modo coniunctivo]]

*Gallia est divisa in partes tres.

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Modi]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Indicativus]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Oratio obliqua</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2122</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8382</id>
      <parentid>8381</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-08-29T07:40:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Verba declarandi */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2087" xml:space="preserve">'''Oratio obliqua'''
Si quis ''post verba vel sentiendi vel declarandi'' (seu dicendi) ductum alterius cogitationis narrantem inducat, narrationem hanc '''oratio obliqua''' oriatur. In oratione obliquae sententiarum quaeque principalium, quae narrationem vel declarationem contineant, '''accusativo cum infinitivo''' exprimeantur, at sententiae secundariae '''coniunctivo'''.

= Tempora =

[[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|Tempora]] reguntur [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|consecutione temporum]].

= Verba sentiendi vel declarandi =
== Verba sentiendi ==
* Sentio, sentire

== Verba declarandi ==
* Coniciō, coniēcī, coniectus, conicere
* Dīcō, dīxī, dictus, dīcere
* Putō, putāvī, putātus, putāre

= Modi =

[[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

{| border=&quot;2&quot;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;|Oratio
|-
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| directa
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| obliqua
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;|[[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|Tempus plusquamperfectum]]
|-
! Omnes [[:wikt:conicio|coniecerant]]:
! Omnes [[:wikt:conicio|coniecerant]]
|-
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|Tempus perfectum]]
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| [[Grammatica Latina/Accusativus cum infinitivo|Accusativus cum infinitivo]] [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|Tempus perfectum]]
|-
! Is regnum ei [[:wikt:committo|commisit]],
! eum regnum ei [[:wikt:committo|commisisse]],
|-
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|Futurum exactum]]
! style=&quot;font-size: larger;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFC0CB&quot;| [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Coniunctivus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|Tempus plusquamperfectum]]
|-
! quoad liberi eius in tutelam suam [[:wikt:pervenio|pervenerint]]. 
! quoad liberi eius in tutelam suam [[:wikt:pervenio|pervenissent]].
|-
|}

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Oratio obliqua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/sive - sive</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2123</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5972</id>
      <parentid>5970</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-30T14:55:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2064" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:sive|sive]] ..., sive...''' est cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|Indicativo]]. ([[Grammatica Latina/Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann|Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann]])

*[[:wikt:sive|Sive]] enim ad sapientiam perveniri [[:wikt:possum|potest]], non paranda nobis solum ea, sed fruenda etiam [sapientia] est; [[:wikt:sive|sive]] hoc difficile [[:wikt:sum|est]], tamen nec modus est ullus investigandi veri, [[Grammatica Latina/nisi|nisi]] [[:wikt:inveneris|inveneris]], et quaerendi defatigatio turpis est, [[Grammatica Latina/cum|cum]] id, quod quaeritur, [[:wikt:sum|sit]] pulcherrimum. [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero]], [[Grammatica Latina/De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus|De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus]]
*exsiluere viri, [[:wikt:sive|sive]] hoc insania [[:wikt:facio|fecit]] / [[:wikt:sive|sive]] timor, ... [[Grammatica Latina/Publius Ovidius Naso|Publius Ovidius Naso]] [[Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri|Metamorphoseon]] liber III, 670 seqq.
*&quot;puer o dignissime credi / esse deus, [[:wikt:seu|seu]] tu deus [[:wikt:sum|es]], potes esse Cupido, / [[:wikt:sive|sive]] [[:wikt:sum|es]] mortalis, qui te genuere, beati, ... [[Grammatica Latina/Publius Ovidius Naso|Publius Ovidius Naso]] [[Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri|Metamorphoseon]] liber IV, 322 seqq.
*haec tibi [[:wikt:sive|sive]] aliqua [[:wikt:sum|est]], mea [[:wikt:sum|sit]] furtiva voluptas, / [[:wikt:seu|seu]] nulla [[:wikt:sum|est]], ego [[:wikt:sum|sim]], thalamumque ineamus eundem. [[Grammatica Latina/Publius Ovidius Naso|Publius Ovidius Naso]] [[Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri|Metamorphoseon]] liber IV, 327 seqq.
*[[:wikt:seu|seu]] gloria tangit / te generis magni, generis mihi Iuppiter auctor; / [[:wikt:sive|sive]] [[:wikt:sum|es]] mirator rerum, mirabere nostras;... [[Grammatica Latina/Publius Ovidius Naso|Publius Ovidius Naso]] [[Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri|Metamorphoseon]] liber IV, 639 seqq.

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Sive]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Sive]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Grammatica Rubenbauer-Hofmann</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2124</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5770</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-17T18:14:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: Hans '''Rubenbauer''', J. B. '''Hofmann''', neubearbeitet von R. Heine: Lateinische Grammatik. Bamberg, München. 10. Auflage 1977  (Iohannes '''Rubenbauer''', J. B. '''Hofmann''', de n...</comment>
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      <text bytes="427" xml:space="preserve">Hans '''Rubenbauer''', J. B. '''Hofmann''', neubearbeitet von R. Heine: Lateinische Grammatik. Bamberg, München. 10. Auflage 1977

(Iohannes '''Rubenbauer''', J. B. '''Hofmann''', de novo elaboratum a R. Heine: Grammatica Latina. [[w:Bamberga]]e, [[w:Monacum|Monaci]], X editione, anno 1977)

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Libri grammaticae Latinae|Rubenbauer-Hofmann]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Rubenbauer-Hofmann]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Libri grammaticae Latinae</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2125</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5771</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-17T18:15:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>2jo2mk0k1oes3qdh6sruw082rj8rprq</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5777</id>
      <parentid>5776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-10-17T18:29:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="255" xml:space="preserve">Vide '''[[s:Scriptor:Marcus Tullius Cicero]]'''

Usus huius paginae est invenire ubi ad Ciceronem hac in grammatica referatur &quot;nexus ad hanc paginam&quot;.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Cicero, Marcus Tullius]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2127</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5813</id>
      <parentid>5774</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T09:28:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes]]</text>
      <sha1>phqs3plbtjx4u10md45etpxvdtghbo1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2128</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5779</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-17T18:33:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: Vide: '''[[s:De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus]]'''  Usus huius paginae est invenire ubi ad Ciceronis operam hac in grammatica referatur: &quot;nexus ad hanc paginam&quot;.  [[Categori...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="295" xml:space="preserve">Vide: '''[[s:De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus]]'''

Usus huius paginae est invenire ubi ad Ciceronis operam hac in grammatica referatur: &quot;nexus ad hanc paginam&quot;.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Opera]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|De finibus bonorum et malorum - Liber Primus]]</text>
      <sha1>p7kcfs98fjbuh0jwjn9y3vtmwp5truu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Opera</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5780</id>
      <timestamp>2007-10-17T18:33:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>7l6bietgy2m831exkcv7bderz7ys6fd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2133</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5822</id>
      <parentid>5815</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T12:32:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="287" xml:space="preserve">'''Benedictus de Spinoza''' 

Philosophus, *1632, †1677

[[s:Benedictus de Spinoza]]

==Opus==
*[[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Spinoza, Benedictus de]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Spinoza, Benedictus de]]</text>
      <sha1>pwgdm0vjg6qj2m0bc9o8ab7uehoydu2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2134</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5803</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-06T23:24:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[categoria:Grammatica Latina]]</text>
      <sha1>7l6bietgy2m831exkcv7bderz7ys6fd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2135</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5824</id>
      <parentid>5805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T12:49:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="247" xml:space="preserve">'''Tractatus Politicus''' opus [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedicti de Spinoza]].

Vide: [[s:Tractatus Politicus]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes|Tractatus Politicus]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Tractatus Politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>kkft310x94t4ypxbabpfwdem3ga20ec</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2136</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5829</id>
      <parentid>5810</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T19:58:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>grm: abl.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="222" xml:space="preserve">'''Commentarii de bello Gallico''' scripti sunt a [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaio Iulio Caesari]].

Vide: [[s:Commentarii de bello Gallico]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes|Commentarii de bello Gallico]]</text>
      <sha1>in3ay3l4frow7wi7w7iiaao2akhdu9h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2137</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5817</id>
      <parentid>5816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-07T09:30:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="448" xml:space="preserve">'''Gaius Iulius Caesar''' (praenomine abbreviato, '''C. Iulius Caesar''') 13 Iulii anno 653 a.u.c. (100 a.C.n.) Romae natus est, et 15 Martii anno 709 a.u.c. (44 a.C.n.) a manibus senatorum occisus est. Vir publicus militarisque ex stirpe patricia bis consul et dictator perpetuus factus est.

==Opus==
*[[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Caesar, Gaius Iulius]]</text>
      <sha1>6alpznlgvcc99jy1ydz27hbp0zz8ng2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2138</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5848</id>
      <parentid>5843</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-08T07:48:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="255" xml:space="preserve">'''Cornelius Nepos''' (100 a.C.n. Papiae, natus - 25 a.C.n. Romae mortuus) fuit scriptor et historicus Romanus.

Vide: [[w:Cornelius Nepos]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Nepos, Cornelius]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Nepos Cornelius]]</text>
      <sha1>p670l4fze5g1dp3cokek5dft8t0qi09</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Publius Ovidius Naso</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2139</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5855</id>
      <parentid>5854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-09T21:16:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="217" xml:space="preserve">'''Publius Ovidius Naso'''

poeta, *43 a. Chr. n., † 8 p. Chr. n.

Vide: [[s:Publius Ovidius Naso]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Ovidius Naso, P.]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Ovidius Naso, P.]]</text>
      <sha1>q1fq7sg624zne6yka7efxc1hauff2ct</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2140</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5859</id>
      <parentid>5858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-09T21:25:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>movit [[Grammatica Latina/Metamophoseon libri]] ad [[Grammatica Latina/Metamorphoseon libri]]: lapsus</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="204" xml:space="preserve">'''Metamorphoseon''' libri. 

Vide: [[s:metamorphoseon]]. Auctor librorum est [[w:Publius Ovidius Naso]].

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Metamorphoseon libri]]</text>
      <sha1>pkezveof9l1yir5szkwxglwatt7expb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/tametsi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2142</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5883</id>
      <parentid>5881</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-13T12:04:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2237" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]]'''

Pro [[Grammatica Latina/Tempora|temporibus]] et modis confer etiam &quot;[[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|si]]&quot;.

;cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|modo indicativo]]
*Quae [[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]] Caesar [[:wikt:intellego|intellegebat]], tamen quam mitissime potest legatos [[:wikt:appello|appellat]]: ... [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaius Iulius Caesar]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]] Liber VII.
*Hi similitudine armorum vehementer nostros perterruerunt, ac [[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]] dextris humeris ex sertis [[:wikt:animadverto|animadvertebantur]], quod insigne pactum esse consuerat, tamen id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaius Iulius Caesar]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]] Liber VII.
*qui, [[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]] numero non amplius [[:wikt:sum|erant]] quingenti, tamen Germanorum adventu barbari [[:wikt:nitor|nitebantur]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gaius Iulius Caesar]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]] Liber VIII.
*Meum studium erga te et officium, [[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]] multis iam rebus [[:wikt:spero|spero]] tibi esse cognitum, [[:wikt:tamen|tamen]] in iis maxime declarabo, quibus plurimum significare potuero tuam mihi existimationem et dignitatem carissimam esse. [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero|Ciceronis]] [[Grammatica Latina/Epistulae ad Familiares|Epistulae ad Familiares III]]
*Sic habeto tamen: [[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|nisi]] iam tunc omnia negotia cum summa tua dignitate diligentissime confecissem, [[:wikt:tametsi|tametsi]] nihil [[:wikt:video|videbatur]] ad meum erga te pristinum studium addi posse, [[:wikt:tamen|tamen]] hac mihi affinitate nuntiata non maiore equidem studio, sed acrius, apertius, significantius dignitatem tuam defendissem. [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero|Ciceronis]] [[Grammatica Latina/Epistulae ad Familiares|Epistulae ad Familiares III]]


[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index]]</text>
      <sha1>07snroculiepj1ub8a1l7hf2aho5sza</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Epistulae ad Familiares</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2143</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5878</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-13T10:12:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>fons</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="229" xml:space="preserve">'''Epistulae ad Familiares''' est liber [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero|Marci Tulli Ciceronis]].

*[[s:Epistulae ad Familiares III]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index]]</text>
      <sha1>reys2glbe4p52qvbkvnw1ucif262myz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2144</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7951</id>
      <parentid>5936</parentid>
      <timestamp>2018-04-02T20:18:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[Special:LintErrors/missing-end-tag]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="323" xml:space="preserve">'''Sanctus Thomas Morus''' (ab Anglicum ''More'') ''m'' 

Episcopus, Catholicus Romanus, martyr, Philosophus. *1477 vel 1478, †1535

Vide: [[s:Scriptor:Thomas Morus]]

==Opus==
*[[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Thomas Morus]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Thomas Morus]]</text>
      <sha1>cp2iuh4upea9oemiuaiio7gmc2gj2cd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/nisi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2145</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5961</id>
      <parentid>5960</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-11-29T14:39:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Contemporale */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4664" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:nisi|Nisi]]''' non [[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|si]].

=Modus indicativus=

Secundum [[Grammatica Latina/Consecutio temporum|Consecutionem temporum]]

==Contemporale==

Sin res perierit, precio ex bonis furum confecto ac persoluto tum reliquo uxoribus eorum atque liberis integro, ipsi damnantur in opera, ac [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] atrociter [[:wikt:committo|commissum]] furtum est, neque clauduntur ergastulo, neque gestant compedes, sed liberi, ac soluti in publicis occupantur operibus. [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]]

==Posttemporale==

Periodus hypothetica:
... [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens|praesens]] - [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|futurum]]

Sententia anterior:
*

Sententia posterior:
*
Periodus hypothetica:
*... [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens|praesens]] - [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|futurum]]

==Antetemporale==

Periodus hypothetica:
*... [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum exactum|futurum exactum]] - [[Grammatica Latina/Futurum|futurum]]

Sententia anterior:
*Sententia posterior:

*...

=[[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|Modus coniunctivus]]=

== Periodus '''potentialis''' ==

In sententia anteriori (si...) et in sententia posteriori [[Grammatica Latina/Praesens|praesens]] vel [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|perfectum]]

#Quod [[Grammatica Latina/Sententiae conditionales|si]] quis in illo coetu uel alienis inuidentium, uel praeferentium sua, aliquid [[:wikt:affero|afferat]], quod aut alijs temporibus factum legit, aut alijs fieri locis uidit, ibi qui audiunt, perinde agunt, ac si tota sapientiae suae periclitaretur opinio, &amp; post illa pro stultis plane [[:wikt:sum|sint]] habendi, [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] aliquid sufficiant inuenire, quod in aliorum inuentis uertant uitio. [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia]]
#..., nihil in publicum prosint, [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] etiam [[:wikt:obsum|obsint]],... [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia]]

== Periodus '''irrealis''' ==

tempus praesens: In sententia anteriori (nisi...) et in sententia posteriori [[Grammatica Latina/Imperfectum|imperfectum]]

tempus praeteritum: In sententia anteriori (nisi...) et in sententia posteriori [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|plusquamperfectum]]

*[[:wikt:interficio|Interfecisset]], [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] ille clam ... [[:wikt:effugio|effugisset]]. Confer [[w:Cornelius Nepos|Nepotis]] XVIII, Eumenes.

*...: [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] iam tunc omnia negotia cum summa tua dignitate diligentissime [[:wikt:conficio|confecissem]], ... hac mihi affinitate nuntiata non maiore equidem studio, sed acrius, apertius, significantius dignitatem tuam [[:wikt:defendeo|defendissem]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Scriptor Marcus Tullius Cicero|Ciceronis]] [[Grammatica Latina/Epistulae ad Familiares|Epistulae ad Familiares III]]

===Regula specialis===

Nonnumquam in sententia posteriori in perioda irreali non est [[Grammatica Latina/Plusquamperfectum|tempus plusquamperfectum]] sed participium futurum activum et [[:wikt:sum|eram]] vel [[:wikt:sum|fui]]. Thomas Morus autem habet [[:wikt:sum|fueram]]: 

*Quae mens eius, [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] deus ei propitius [[:wikt:adsum|adfuisset]], nimio [[:wikt:|fuerat]] illi [[:wikt:consto|constatura]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]]

===Mixta===

In sententia anteriori (nisi...) coniunctivus praesens, in sententia posteriori praesens indicativi.
#...cujus negotia non [[:wikt:possum|possunt]] recte curari, [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] ii, qui eadem tractant, fide [[:wikt:volo|velint]] agere... [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]
#interim illi [[:wikt:esurio|esuriunt]] strennue, [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] strennue [[:wikt:latrocinor|latrocinentur]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]]

In sententia anteriori (nisi...) indicativus praesens, in sententia posteriori praesens coniunctivi.
#Certe [[:wikt:nisi|nisi]] his malis [[:wikt:medeor|medemini]], frustra [[:wikt:iacto|iactetis]] exercitam in uindicanda furta iustitiam, nempe speciosam magis, quam aut iustam aut utilem. [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] [[Grammatica Latina/Utopia|Utopia]]

== Periodus irrealis et dependentia infinitiva ==

Periodus irrealis post verba dicendi vel sentiendi:

Infinitivum [[Grammatica Latina/Perfectum|temporis perfecti]] [[Grammatica Latina/coniugatio periphrastica|coniugationis periphrasticae]]:&lt;br&gt;
Agesilaum ... fuisse erepturum

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|nisi]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|nisi]]</text>
      <sha1>l2nf2kqe9fktqlt8b6wyb9jejj83vxo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/System-Grammatik Latein</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2146</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5908</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-20T09:58:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: '''System-Grammatik Latein'''   Editores (''Herausgeber''): Dr. Gerhard Fink, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Maier.  Scriptum (''verfasst''): Hartmut Grosser, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Maier.  Cooperati...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="488" xml:space="preserve">'''System-Grammatik Latein''' 

Editores (''Herausgeber''): Dr. Gerhard Fink, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Maier.

Scriptum (''verfasst''): Hartmut Grosser, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Maier.

Cooperatio (''Mitwirkung''): Wolfgang Matheus, Peter Petersen, Andrea Wilhelm. 

Consiliarius (''Berater''): Dr. Karl Bayer

Typis ''C.C. Buchner Lindauer Oldenbourg''

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Libri grammaticae Latinae|System-Grammatik Latein]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|System-Grammatik Latein]]</text>
      <sha1>3biu9m6gwhz4m1uyx3wns1kp6smmwgm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Throm: Lateinische Grammatik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2147</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5910</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-20T10:03:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: Hermann '''Throm''': Lateinische Grammatik. Berlin. 17. Auflage 1995. ISBN 3-590-12546-2  (Hermannus '''Throm''' elaboravit ''Grammaticam Latinam''. Berolini, XVII editione, anno 1995&lt;s...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="375" xml:space="preserve">Hermann '''Throm''': Lateinische Grammatik. Berlin. 17. Auflage 1995. ISBN 3-590-12546-2

(Hermannus '''Throm''' elaboravit ''Grammaticam Latinam''. Berolini, XVII editione, anno 1995&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;)

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Libri grammaticae Latinae|Throm: Lateinische Grammatik (Germanice)]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Throm: Lateinische Grammatik (Germanice)]]</text>
      <sha1>kboyitfpe3e9akes7cyslgjuqbtk6w4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Utopia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2150</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5938</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-26T22:53:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: '''Utopia''' 1517. Librum [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] scripsit.  Vide vicifontes: [[s:Utopia]]  [[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Utopia]] [[Categoria:Grammatica L...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="199" xml:space="preserve">'''Utopia''' 1517. Librum [[Grammatica Latina/Thomas Morus|Thomas Morus]] scripsit.

Vide vicifontes: [[s:Utopia]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Utopia]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes]]</text>
      <sha1>hbdkm3cmu4qzchi66xxxl040k6pw2rm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta Communis</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2151</id>
    <redirect title="Vicilibri:Porta communis" />
    <revision>
      <id>5941</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-27T23:31:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>movit [[Vicilibri:Porta Communis]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</text>
      <sha1>684f92k745q579hlv01li0juy8neg48</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Auxilium:Auxilium pro editione</title>
    <ns>12</ns>
    <id>2152</id>
    <redirect title="Vicilibri:Porta communis" />
    <revision>
      <id>5944</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-27T23:41:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Redirigens ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</text>
      <sha1>684f92k745q579hlv01li0juy8neg48</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Administratores</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2153</id>
    <redirect title="Vicilibri:Magistratus" />
    <revision>
      <id>5948</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-27T23:52:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>movit [[Vicilibri:Administratores]] ad [[Vicilibri:Magistratus]]: melius, vide Vicipaediam</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Magistratus]]</text>
      <sha1>5tvuqed2uwyazs56hahk743wvso70x1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Petitio administratores</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2154</id>
    <redirect title="Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus" />
    <revision>
      <id>5950</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-27T23:52:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>movit [[Vicilibri:Petitio administratores]] ad [[Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus]] praeter redirectionem: melius, vide Vicipaediam</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="43" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus]]</text>
      <sha1>anll7rnvjkndvk5gili8bb08f1g1qa1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/quamquam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5985</id>
      <parentid>5984</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-12-21T14:04:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>incresco</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1357" xml:space="preserve">'''quamquam''' est coniunctio quae [[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|modum indicativum]] regnat.

*...;ii paulo, [[wikt:quamquam|quamquam]] [[:wikt:sum|sunt]] eiusdem generis, sunt ceteris humaniores, propterea quod Rhenum attingunt multum ad eos mercatores ventitant et ipsi propter propinquitatem [quod] Gallicis sunt moribus adsuefacti. [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesar]] [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]], IV, 3.
* ...;quae bella [[wikt:quamquam|quamquam]] ex parte nobis Caesaris sermone [[:wikt:sum|sunt]] nota, [[:wikt:tamen|tamen]] aliter [[:wikt:audio|audimus]] ea, quae rerum novitate aut admiratione nos capiunt, aliter, quae pro testimonio sumus dicturi. [[Grammatica Latina/Commentarii de bello Gallico|Commentarii de bello Gallico]], VIII, Prooemium !.
 
;Autem cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modo coniunctivo]]:

*(3) Una sed maxima difficultas, quod haec aequare dicendo arduum immensum, etiam tuo ingenio, [[wikt:quamquam|quamquam]] altissime [[:wikt:assurgo|assurgat]] et amplissimis operibus [[:wikt:incresco|increscat]]. [[Grammatica Latina/Epistularum liber VIII (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus)|Epistularum liber VIII (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus)]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Quamquam]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Quamquam]]</text>
      <sha1>s4c3ij94as6svtmxr1bsf53hondsv5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Epistularum liber VIII (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2158</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5982</id>
      <parentid>5981</parentid>
      <timestamp>2007-12-21T13:48:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="269" xml:space="preserve">'''Epistularum liber VIII (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus)''' scriptus a [[Grammatica Latina/Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus|Gaio Plinio Caecilio Secundo]]

Vide: [[s:Epistularum liber VIII (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus)]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Fontes]]</text>
      <sha1>2kvx0z29p3w8fjeg5p1oinke5l0adly</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2159</id>
    <revision>
      <id>5983</id>
      <timestamp>2007-12-21T13:50:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: '''Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, (Plinius Minor)''' (natus 61 - mortuus 113)  Vide: [[w:Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus]], [[s:Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus]]  [[Categoria:Gramm...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="224" xml:space="preserve">'''Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, (Plinius Minor)''' (natus 61 - mortuus 113)

Vide: [[w:Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus]], [[s:Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Plinius Minor]]</text>
      <sha1>11ab8bfoq2k09zi9jcqsrj5b00sdo03</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Sexus substantivorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2163</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6001</id>
      <parentid>5995</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-01-13T16:47:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sequana</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="478" xml:space="preserve">'''Sexus substantivorum'''

Sunt tres sexus masculinum, femininum et neutrum.

Exempla: 

Fluvii e regula sexum masculinum habent etiam si nomen formam femininam ut ita dicam habet. Ergo etiam nomina fluviorum ex -a regulariter feminina sunt: 

*[[:wikt:Mosella|Mosella]]
*[[:wikt:Sequana|Sequana]]

Alia exempla sunt scilicet:

*[[:wikt:Rhenus|Rhenus]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva|Sexus substantivorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Sexus substantivorum]]</text>
      <sha1>plbbh6861n32et8rg6rp1exa6xp5k4v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Numerus verborum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2164</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6710</id>
      <parentid>5998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-03-09T10:12:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>93.125.185.26</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="276" xml:space="preserve">'''Numerus verborum''' sit et singularis et pluralis.

*...Demosthenes cum ceteris ...in exilium [[:wikt:sum|erant]] expulsi. [[Grammatica Latina/Cornelius Nepos|Nepos: Phocion 2,2]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Verba]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Numerus verborum]]</text>
      <sha1>qleyubyeshhjii6ixyqjdb3go8zkm5t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/quamvis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6004</id>
      <timestamp>2008-02-02T20:21:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: '''[[:wikt:quamvis|quamvis]]''' est coniunctio quae [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modum coniunctivum]] regnat.  *Nam '''quamvis''' eurus [[:wikt:sum|sit]] ventus orientis, idem...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="411" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:quamvis|quamvis]]''' est coniunctio quae [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modum coniunctivum]] regnat.

*Nam '''quamvis''' eurus [[:wikt:sum|sit]] ventus orientis, idem tamen aparctias [[:wikt:accipio|accipitur]] nomen, ... [[Grammatica Latina/Lucius Apuleius]], [[Grammatica Latina/De mundo]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Quamvis]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Quamvis]]</text>
      <sha1>bs6060nmcut6hm6v05s5af7fkkkfpj3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Lucius Apuleius</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2168</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6565</id>
      <parentid>6005</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-12-26T17:16:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>55</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Imago Apul4-1-.jpg nondum adhibetur quia Maxim eam delevit ex Vicimediis Communibus.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="329" xml:space="preserve">
'''Lucius Apuleius''' Madaurensis anno p.C.n. 124 Madaurae in provincia Africae natus, anno 180 mortuus, scriptor, philosophus, orator erat.

Vide: [[w:Lucius Apuleius]]

==Opera==
*[[Grammatica Latina/De mundo]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores|Apuleius, Lucius]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Apuleius, Lucius]]</text>
      <sha1>194yl8qfe2nsln345yglh4i2td077py</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Pronomina</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6014</id>
      <timestamp>2008-02-16T20:11:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina]]</text>
      <sha1>efbgnsc75w8zaa5o6obgkdn5bkimz5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Pronomina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2170</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7831</id>
      <parentid>6024</parentid>
      <timestamp>2016-12-23T17:38:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YaganZ</username>
        <id>1779</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adiectiva pronominalia */ ++</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="974" xml:space="preserve">'''Pronomina''' &lt;--- '''pro nomen'''

=Pronomina=

==Pronomina personalia==

*[[:wikt:ego|ego]]

==Pronomina possesiva==
*[[:wikt:meus|meus]]

==Pronomina demonstrativa==
*[[:wikt:hic|hic]]

==Pronomina determinativa==
*[[:wikt:is|is]]

==Pronomina interrogativa==
*[[:wikt:quis|quis]]

==Pronomina relativa==
*[[:wikt:qui|qui]]

==Pronomina indefinita==
*[[:wikt:aliquis|aliquis]]
*[[:wikt:aliqui|aliqui]]

==Adiectiva pronominalia==
*[[:wikt:alius|alius]]
*[[:wikt:alter|alter]]
*[[:wikt:alteruter|alteruter]]
*[[:wikt:neuter|neuter]]
*[[:wikt:nonnullus|nonnullus]]
*[[:wikt:nullus|nullus]]
*[[:wikt:solus|solus]]
*[[:wikt:totus|totus]]
*[[:wikt:ullus|ullus]]
*[[:wikt:unus|unus]]
*[[:wikt:uter|uter]]
*[[:wikt:utercumque|utercumque]]
*[[:wikt:uterlibet|uterlibet]]
*[[:wikt:uterque|uterque]]
*[[:wikt:utervis|utervis]]

==Pronomina correlativa==
*[[:wikt:tantus|tantus]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Pronomina|Pronomina]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Pronomina]]</text>
      <sha1>9dg0tma8gckd1gvmnfwerm31kgyg2fs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Carolus Fridericus Gauss</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6034</id>
      <parentid>6033</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-02-29T17:21:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>movit [[Scriptor:Carolus Fridericus Gauss]] ad [[Grammatica Latina/Carolus Fridericus Gauss]]: liber/pagina</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="260" xml:space="preserve">Vide '''[[s:Scriptor:Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]'''

Usus huius paginae est invenire ubi ad Gauss hac in grammatica referatur &quot;nexus ad hanc paginam&quot;.

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Scriptores]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Gauss, Carolus Fridericus]]</text>
      <sha1>ipkrj8gioeffddrhyvpj16dqb73fl6i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus/Petitiones veteres</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2178</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6051</id>
      <timestamp>2008-03-16T17:12:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ex [[Vicilibri:Petitio magistratus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1277" xml:space="preserve">Hae sunt petitiones veteres. Noli eas modificare.

=== [[Usor:Alex1011]] ===

I hereby propose [[Usor:Alex1011]] for admin. He is currently by far the most active editor on la.wikibooks, and has also been a regular contributor to la.wikipedia since April 2006. I hope he will accept the nomination. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 00:01, 8 Martii 2008 (UTC)

'''Pro:'''
#--[[Usor:UV|UV]] 00:01, 8 Martii 2008 (UTC)

'''Contra:'''

'''Notanda:'''

Well, I have no experience as an administrator, but because I am the main user of vicilibri, I should do something for it.

&lt;small&gt;scripsit [[Usor:Alex1011]] 09:58, 8 Martii 2008 --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 10:57, 8 Martii 2008 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

=== [[Usor:UV]] ===

Alex1011 [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Disputatio_Usoris:UV&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=456284 asked me] whether I would run for adminship again. Although I am not sure whether I fulfil the requirements stated at [[Vicilibri:Magistratus]] (3 books edited?) and although my ''latinitas'' is definitely not ''optima'' I regularly check recentchanges here and I would be willing to purge vandalism, etc. I am a magistratus at la.wikipedia since 2006. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 00:01, 8 Martii 2008 (UTC)

'''Pro:'''
#--[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 09:58, 8 Martii 2008 (UTC)

'''Contra:'''

'''Notanda:'''</text>
      <sha1>7dfnb5slwjmvl5wfurk2h7ypodxwl8f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6656</id>
      <parentid>6496</parentid>
      <timestamp>2009-09-02T23:49:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4443" xml:space="preserve">Hic est Cornēliī Tacitī Annālium liber prīmus cum Latīnīs explicātiōnibus ac adnotātiōnibus.

==Index==

====Dē fīne Augustī et initiō Tiberiī====
[[/I/]]. Prooemium. —
[[/II/]]. Quōmodo Augustus prīncipātum īnstituit. —
[[/III/]]. Dē familiā Augustī. —
[[/IV/]]. Rūmōrēs dē successōribus. —
[[/V/]]. Augustus vītā discēdit. —
[[/VI/]]. Postumus Agrippa ā Tiberiō necātus. —
[[/VII/]]. Tiberius modestiam dubitātiōnemque simulat. —
[[/VIII/]]. Dē Augustī testāmentō et sepultūrā. —
[[/IX/]]. Aliī Augustum dēfendunt... —
[[/X/]]. ...aliī reprehendunt. —
[[/XI/]]. Patrēs Tiberium precantur. —
[[/XII/]]. Asinius Gallus in senātū. —
[[/XIII/]]. Dē Arruntiō, Scaurō, Hateriō, aliīsque senātōribus. —
[[/XIV/]]. Adūlātiō etiam in Līviam, aspernente Tiberiō. —
[[/XV/]]. Dē comitiīs et lūdīs Augustālibus.

====Dē Pannonicārum legiōnum sēditiōne, ā Drūsō conpressā====
[[/XVI/]]. Iūnius Blaesus intermittit mūnia. —
[[/XVII/]]. Contiōnābundus Percennius legiōnēs concitat. —
[[/XVIII/]]. Collocant aquilās; tribūnal exstruunt. —
[[/XIX/]]. Legiōnēs plācantur ā Blaesō, cuius fīlius Rōmam mittitur. —
[[/XX/]]. Manipulī nauportum dīripiunt; Aufidiēnō Rūfō contumēliās inpōnunt. —
[[/XXI/]]. Sēditiō redintegrātur. —
[[/XXII/]]. Vibulēnus frātrem ā Blaesō occīsum queritur. —
[[/XXIII/]]. Extrūdunt tribūnōs castrīs, interfectō Lūcīliō et retentō Clēmente Iūliō. —
[[/XXIV/]]. Tiberius Drūsum et Aelium Seiānum mittit. —
[[/XXV/]]. Drūsus legiōnēs adloquitur; litterās patris recitat. —
[[/XXVI/]]. Clēmēns perfert legiōnum dēsīderia. —
[[/XXVII/]]. Drūsum et praesertim Cn. Lentulum īnfēnsant. —
[[/XXVIII/]]. Mīlitēs dēfectiōne lūnae trepidātī sē subiciunt. —
[[/XXIX/]]. Vibulēnus et Percennius interficiuntur. —
[[/XXX/]]. Praemātūra hiems. Drūsus Rōmam redit.

====Dē maiōre sēditiōne apud Germānicās legiōnēs====
[[/XXXI/]] —
[[/XXXII/]] —
[[/XXXIII/]] —
[[/XXXIV/]] —
[[/XXXV/]] —
[[/XXXVI/]] —
[[/XXXVII/]] —
[[/XXXVIII/]] —
[[/XXXIX/]] —
[[/XL/]] —
[[/XLI/]] —
[[/XLII/]] —
[[/XLIII/]] —
[[/XLIV/]] —
[[/XLV/]] —
[[/XLVI/]] —
[[/XLVII/]] —
[[/XLVIII/]] —
[[/XLIX/]]

====Dē bellō cum Germānīs====
[[/L/]] —
[[/LI/]] —
[[/LII/]] —
[[/LIII/]]. Iūlia, Augustī fīlia, suprēmum diem obit. —
[[/LIV/]] —
[[/LV/]] —
[[/LVI/]] —
[[/LVII/]] —
[[/LVIII/]] —
[[/LIX/]] —
[[/LX/]] —
[[/LXI/]] —
[[/LXII/]] —
[[/LXIII/]] —
[[/LXIV/]] —
[[/LXV/]] —
[[/LXVI/]] —
[[/LXVII/]] —
[[/LXVIII/]] —
[[/LXIX/]] —
[[/LXX/]] —
[[/LXXI/]]

====Variae rēs Rōmae gestae====
[[/LXXII/]] —
[[/LXXIII/]] —
[[/LXXIV/]] —
[[/LXXV/]] —
[[/LXXVI/]] —
[[/LXXVII/]] —
[[/LXXVIII/]] —
[[/LXXIX/]] —
[[/LXXX/]] —
[[/LXXXI/]]

==Dē textū==
Tacitī verbōrum textus est ad verbum (immūtātus)&lt;ref&gt;duōbus exceptīs, nam in capitulō [[/XLIV/]]o scrībit Furneaux “opses” et “praeliis”, ego “obses” et “proeliis”.&lt;/ref&gt; redditus ex secundā ēditiōne Henricī Furneaux (1896)&lt;ref&gt;Henry Furneaux, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=RUPuQF8e3a8C&amp;pgis=1 Annalium ab excessu divi Augusti libri: The annals of Tacitus]'', Clarendon Press, 1896.&lt;/ref&gt;, quae iūre proprietātis sīve dīvulgandī (©) nōn iam prōtēcta est.

ultrō vocālēs longās et brevēs discrīminantibus nŏtīs ōrnāvī. quārundam vocālium longitūdinēs incertae sunt, id est cum in syllabīs positiōne longīs positae sunt; nam cum duōbus cōnsonantibus anteposita est vocālis, sīve longa sīve brevis est, syllaba eius utique longa est, et poēsis longitūdinem huius vocālis nōn patefacit, quippe quod in poēsī sōlae ''syllabārum'' longitūdinēs valent. nōnnumquam tamen longitūdinēs ex analogiā vel aliīs ratiōnibus coniectāre possumus, sed interdum lexica dissentiunt; hae longitūdinēs, de quibus dissēnsiō est, in hōc opere ascītae sunt: ŭsque, (n)ŭsquam;&lt;ref&gt;Carl D. Buck, ''[http://www.jstor.org/stable/697100 Hidden Quantities Again]'', The Classical Review, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Jun., 1913), pp. 122–126.&lt;/ref&gt; mĭsceo, pŏsco, dĭsco; măgnus, dĭgnus, sĭgnum.&lt;ref&gt;W. Sidney Allen, ''Vox Latina'', Cambridge University Press, second edition 1978.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Adnotātiōnēs==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| ]]</text>
      <sha1>nq2hdm1es44s42m1wz0iv64k4xrolbf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/I</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7114</id>
      <parentid>6645</parentid>
      <timestamp>2012-06-23T18:07:47Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
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      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
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Urbem Rōmam ā prīncipiō rēgēs habuēre&lt;ref&gt;= habuērunt (vel rēxērunt, gubernāvērunt).&lt;/ref&gt;;&lt;ref&gt;Tacitus hīc opus suum incipit versū hexametrō: urbem | Rōm&lt;del&gt;am&lt;/del&gt; ā | prīncipi|ō rē|gēs habu|ēre. (item Līvius in opere suō ''ab Urbe Conditā''.)&lt;/ref&gt; lībertātem et cōnsulātum L. Brūtus īnstituit. dictātūrae ad tempus&lt;ref&gt;''ad tempus:'' nōn sōlum ''interdum'', sed ''cum opus fuit''.&lt;/ref&gt; sūmēbantur; neque decemvirālis potestās ultrā biennium, neque tribūnōrum mīlitum cōnsulāre iūs&lt;ref&gt;''cōnsulāris -is -e:'' est adiectīvum, nōn verbum agendī.&lt;/ref&gt; diū valuit. nōn Cinnae, nōn Sullae longa dominātiō: et Pompeī Crassīque potentia cito in Caesarem, Lepidī atque Antōniī arma in Augustum cessēre&lt;ref&gt;= cessērunt.&lt;/ref&gt;, quī cūncta&lt;ref&gt;i.e. ''rem pūblicam''.&lt;/ref&gt; discordiīs cīvīlibus fessa nōmine prīncipis sub impĕrium accēpit. sed veteris populī Rōmānī prōspera vel adversa clārīs scrīptōribus&lt;ref&gt;datīvus agentis.&lt;/ref&gt; memorāta sunt; temporibusque Augustī dīcendīs nōn dēfuēre decōra ingenia, dōnec glīscente&lt;ref&gt;''glīscō — — 3:'' crēscere.&lt;/ref&gt; adūlātiōne&lt;ref&gt;''adūlātiō -ōnis f:'' blandīmentia (canum vel servōrum modō).&lt;/ref&gt; dēterrērentur. Tiberiī Gāīque&lt;ref&gt;Gāius Iūlius Caesar Augustus Germānicus, quī Calĭgula vocābātur.&lt;/ref&gt; et Claudiī ac Nĕrōnis rēs flōrentibus ipsīs&lt;ref&gt;dum vīvēbant et regēbant.&lt;/ref&gt; ob metum falsae, postquam occiderant, recentibus ŏdiīs composĭtae sunt. inde cōnsĭlium mihi pauca dē Augustō et extrēma&lt;ref&gt;...pauca dē Augustō, et (praesertim) novissima eius ācta...&lt;/ref&gt; trādere, mox Tibĕriī prīncipātum et cētera, sine īrā et studiō, quōrum causās procul habeō&lt;ref&gt;dīcit Tacitus sē nūllam causam habēre (nec iniūriam nec beneficium accēpisse), cūr īrāscātur in imperātōres dē quibus nārrāturus sit, vel cūr alicui adversus aliquem immeritō faveat.&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_01_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 01]]</text>
      <sha1>rfyv0tztehq1ogctt0ir92um42j1g79</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/II</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2185</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6330</id>
      <parentid>6269</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:46:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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Postquam Brūtō et Cassiō caesīs nūlla iam pūblica arma&lt;ref&gt;i.e. ''fuērunt''.&lt;/ref&gt;, Pompeius&lt;ref&gt;Sextus Pompeius, fīlius Gnaeī Pompeiī Magnī.&lt;/ref&gt; apud Sicĭliam oppressus&lt;ref&gt;oppressus ''est''&lt;/ref&gt;, exūtōque&lt;ref&gt;''exuō -uī -ūtum 3:'' dēvestīre, prīvāre. Lepidum prīvāvit triumvirālī potestāte.&lt;/ref&gt; Lepidō, interfectō Antōniō nē Iūliānīs quidem partibus nisi Caesar&lt;ref&gt;Octāviānus (Augustus).&lt;/ref&gt; dux reliquus, positō triumvirī nōmine cōnsulem sē ferēns&lt;ref&gt;Augustus simulābat sē cōnsulem modo et ... contentum esse.&lt;/ref&gt; et ad tuendam plēbem tribūnīciō iūre contentum, ubi mīlitem dōnīs, populum annōnā, cūnctōs dulcēdine ōtiī pellēxit, īnsurgere&lt;ref&gt;= īnsurgēbat (īnfīnītīvus historicus).&lt;/ref&gt; paulātim, mūnia senātūs magistrātuum lēgum&lt;ref&gt;...mūnia senātūs ''et'' magistrātuum ''et'' lēgum...&lt;/ref&gt; in sē trahere&lt;ref&gt;īnf. hist.&lt;/ref&gt;, nūllō adversante, cum ferōcissimī per aciēs&lt;ref&gt;in bellīs cīvīlibus.&lt;/ref&gt; aut prōscrīptiōne cecidissent, cēterī nōbilium, quantō quis servĭtiō prōmptior, opibus et honōribus extollerentur ac novīs ex rēbus auctī tūta et praesentia quam vetera et perīculōsa māllent. neque prōvinciae illum rērum statum abnuēbant&lt;ref&gt;''abnuō -nuī (-nuitūrus) 3:'' recūsāre. mūtātiō reī pūblicae haud displicuit prōvinciīs.&lt;/ref&gt;, suspectō senātūs populīque imperiō ob certāmina potentium et avārĭtiam magistrātuum, invalĭdō lēgum auxĭliō, quae&lt;ref&gt;quae ''lēgēs'' (nōn ''prōvinciae'').&lt;/ref&gt; vī, ambitū, postrēmō pecūniā turbābantur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_02_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 02]]</text>
      <sha1>7dtuzisl3k6m9m6kj1xezl6yyacvi5b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/III</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2186</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6331</id>
      <parentid>6242</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:46:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
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      <text bytes="3281" xml:space="preserve">=III=

Cēterum Augustus subsĭdia&lt;ref&gt;''subsidium -ī n:'' auxilium, adiūmentum.&lt;/ref&gt; dominātiōnī Claudium Mārcellum sorōris fīlium admodum adulēscentem pontificātū et curūlī aedīlitāte&lt;ref&gt;scīlicet ''extulit'' (vidē īnfrā).&lt;/ref&gt;, M. Agrippam ignōbilem locō&lt;ref&gt;famĭlia Agrippae, quamvīs dīves et equestris, ā plēbe orta est.&lt;/ref&gt;, bonum mīlitiā et victōriae socium, geminātīs cōnsulātibus extulit, mox dēfūnctō Mārcellō generum sūmpsit&lt;ref&gt;Augustus Iūliam, ūnicam prōgeniem, viduam Mārcellī, in mātrimōnium dedit Agrippae.&lt;/ref&gt;; Tibĕrium Nĕrōnem et Claudium Drūsum prīvignōs&lt;ref&gt;Tiberius et Drūsus fuērunt fīliī Līviae (Augustī uxōris) ē priōre mātrimōniō.&lt;/ref&gt; imperātōriīs nōminibus auxit, integrā etiam tum domō suā. nam genitōs Agrippā Gāium ac Lūcium in famĭliam Caesarum indūxerat, necdum positā puerīlī praetextā prīncipēs iuventūtis appellārī, dēstinārī cōnsulēs speciē recūsantis flāgrantissimē cupīverat&lt;ref&gt;voluit, ut ”prīncipēs iuventūtis” vocārentur et ut cōnsulēs dēstinārentur, iam ante quam togam praetextam dēposuissent.&lt;/ref&gt;. ut Agrippa vītā concessit, Lūcium Caesarem euntem ad Hispāniēnsīs&lt;ref&gt;-īs = -ēs&lt;/ref&gt; exercitūs, Gāium remeantem Armĕniā et vulnere invalĭdum mors fātō propera vel novercae Līviae dolus abstulit, Drūsōque prīdem extīnctō Nerō sōlus ē prīvignīs erat, illūc cūncta vergere&lt;ref&gt;īnfīnītīvus historicus, = vergēbant.&lt;/ref&gt;: fīlius, collēga imperiī, cōnsors tribūnīciae potestātis adsūmitur omnīsque per exercitūs ostentātur, nōn obscūrīs, ut anteā, mātris artibus, sed palam hortātū. nam senem Augustum dēvīnxerat&lt;ref&gt;''dēvinciō -vīnxī -vīnctum 4:'' domāre, adstringere. Notā bene, nōn ''dēvincō -vīcī -victum 3''.&lt;/ref&gt; adeō, uti nepōtem ūnĭcum, Agrippam Postumum, in īnsulam Plānāsiam prōiēcerit, rŭdem sānē bonārum artium&lt;ref&gt;''rudis -is -e alicuius reī.''&lt;/ref&gt; et rōbore corporis stŏlĭdē ferōcem, nūllīus tamen flāgitiī conpertum.  at hercule Germānicum Drūsō ortum octō apud Rhēnum legiōnibus inposuit adscīrīque per adoptiōnem ā Tiberiō iussit, quamquam esset in domō Tiberiī fīlius iuvenis, sed quō plūribus mūnīmentīs īnsisteret.  bellum eā tempestāte nūllum nisi adversus Germānōs supererat, abolendae magis īnfāmiae ob āmissum cum Quīntīliō Vārō exercitum quam cupīdine prōferendī imperiī aut dignum ob praemium. domī rēs tranquillae, eadem magistrātuum vocābula&lt;ref&gt;''vocābulum -ī n:'' nōmen, tĭtulus.&lt;/ref&gt;; iūniōrēs post Actĭăcam victōriam, etiam senēs plērīque inter bella cīvium nātī: quotus quisque reliquus&lt;ref&gt;”quam paucī mānsērunt?” perpaucī scīlicet, nam inter pugnam ad Actium et obitum Augustī fuērunt quadrāgintā novem (49) annī; inter obitum eius et trānsitum Rubicōnis ā Gāiō Iūliō Caesare factum etiam sexāgintā septem (67) annī.&lt;/ref&gt; quī rem pūblicam vīdisset?

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_03_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 03]]</text>
      <sha1>425v92huzej5cgawp0p1sdt97889k1w</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/IV</title>
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        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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      <minor />
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Igitur versō cīvitātis statū nihil ŭsquam prīscī&lt;ref&gt;''prīscus -a -um'': antīquus (et ideō bonus).&lt;/ref&gt; et integrī mōris&lt;ref&gt;genetīvus partitīvus: nihil mōris = nūllus mōs.&lt;/ref&gt;: omnēs exūtā aequālitāte iussa prīncipis aspectāre, nūllā in praesēns formīdine, dum Augustus aetāte validus sēque et&lt;ref&gt;...validus ''fuit'', et sē et...&lt;/ref&gt; domum et pācem sustentāvit. postquam prōvecta&lt;ref&gt;lĕge “prōvecta ''est''”, (scīlicet ''senectūs -ūtis f'', i.e. cum Augustus cōnsenuit, cum annōsus factus est).&lt;/ref&gt; iam senectūs aegrō et&lt;ref&gt;= etiam.&lt;/ref&gt; corpore fatīgābātur, aderatque fīnis et spēs novae, paucī bona lībertātis in cassum&lt;ref&gt;''in cassum:'' in vānum, frūstrā, nēquīquam.&lt;/ref&gt; disserĕre, plūrēs bellum pavēscere, aliī cupĕre. pars multō maxima inminentīs dominōs variīs rūmōribus differēbant: trucem Agrippam et ignōminiā&lt;ref&gt;''ignōminia -ae f:'' dēdecus, turpitūdō (quod in īnsulam prōiectus erat).&lt;/ref&gt; accēnsum nōn aetāte neque rērum experientiā tantae mōlī parem&lt;ref&gt;ōrātiō oblīqua: ''dīxerunt'' Agrippam trucem et accensum neque parem ''esse'', et ita porrō.&lt;/ref&gt;, Tiberium Nerōnem mātūrum annīs, spectātum bellō, set vetere atque īnsitā Claudiae familiae superbiā&lt;ref&gt;ablātīvus quālitātis: quī “est superbiā” est superbus.&lt;/ref&gt;, multaque indicia saevitiae, quamquam premantur, ērumpere. hunc et prīmā ab īnfantiā ēductum in domō rēgnātrīce; congestōs iuvenī cōnsulātūs, triumphōs; nē iīs quidem annīs, quibus Rhŏdī speciē sēcessus exul ēgerit, aliud quam īram et simulātiōnem et sēcrētās lubīdinēs meditātum. accēdere mātrem muliebrī inpotentiā&lt;ref&gt;''inpotentia -ae f:'' Līvia nec fessa nec īnfīrma nec imbēcilla nec dēbilis nec dēfecta vīribus fuit, sed immō inmoderāta et saeva. Tyrannus ''inpotēns'' dīcitur, quī sē ipse moderāre ''nōn possit''.&lt;/ref&gt;: serviendum fēminae duōbusque īnsuper adulēscentibus, quī rem pūblicam interim premant, quandōque distrahant.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_04_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 04]]</text>
      <sha1>qocjueoy11p5v2fza0ow1d7lppyvaub</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/V</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2189</id>
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      <id>6334</id>
      <parentid>6199</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:47:32Z</timestamp>
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        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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      <comment>+categoria</comment>
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Haec atque tālia agitantibus&lt;ref&gt;ablātīvus absolūtus.&lt;/ref&gt; gravēscere valetūdō Augustī, et quīdam scelus uxōris suspectābant. quippe rūmor incesserat, paucōs ante mēnsēs Augustum, ēlēctīs cōnsciīs et comite ūnō Fabiō Maximō, Plānāsiam vectum ad vīsendum Agrippam; multās illīc utrimque lacrimās et signa cāritātis spemque ex eō fore ut iuvenis penātibus avī redderētur: quod Maximum uxōrī Mārciae aperuisse, illam Līviae. gnārum id Caesarī; neque multō post extīnctō Maximō, dubium an quaesītā morte, audītōs in fūnere eius Mārciae gemitūs sēmet incūsantis, quod causa exitiī marītō fuisset. utcumque sē ea rēs habuit, vixdum ingressus Illyricum Tiberius properīs mātris litterīs accītur; neque satis conpertum est, spīrantem adhūc Augustum apud urbem Nōlam an exanimem reppererit. ācribus namque cūstōdiīs domum et viās saepserat&lt;ref&gt;''saepiō saepsī saeptum 4.''&lt;/ref&gt; Līvia, laetīque interdum nūntiī vulgābantur, dōnec prōvīsīs&lt;ref&gt;prōvīsīs ''iīs'', quae...: abl. abs.&lt;/ref&gt; quae tempus monēbat simul excessisse Augustum et rērum potīrī&lt;ref&gt;''potior potītus sum dep. 4 alicuius reī.''&lt;/ref&gt; Nerōnem&lt;ref&gt;Tiberius.&lt;/ref&gt; fāma eadem tulit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_05_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 05]]</text>
      <sha1>9nw2v54wl1qgwvlsgipalukp8oxhvn2</sha1>
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      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2047" xml:space="preserve">=VI=

Prīmum facinus novī prīncipātūs fuit Postumī Agrippae caedēs, quem ignārum inermumque quamvīs fīrmātus animō centŭriō aegrē&lt;ref&gt;''vix'' potuit Agrippam occidere (ob rōborem corporis eius).&lt;/ref&gt; cōnfēcit. nihil dē eā rē Tiberius apud senātum disseruit: patris iussa simulābat, quibus praescrīpsisset tribūnō cūstōdiae adpositō, nē cūnctārētur Agrippam morte adficere, quandōque&lt;ref&gt;= quandōcumque.&lt;/ref&gt; ipse suprēmum diem explēvisset. multa sine dubiō saevaque Augustus dē mōribus adulēscentis questus, ut exilium eius senātūs cōnsultō sancīrētur perfēcerat: cēterum in nūllīus umquam suōrum necem dūrāvit&lt;ref&gt;quī dūrat in necem alicuius, is obdūrēscit animō, ut morte adficere aliquem ferre possit.&lt;/ref&gt;, neque mortem nepōtī prō sēcūritāte prīvignī inlātam crēdĭbile erat. propius vērō&lt;ref&gt;propius vērō (vēritātī) = magis crēdibiliter.&lt;/ref&gt; Tiberium ac Līviam, illum metū, hanc novercālibus odiīs, suspectī et invīsī iuvenis caedem festināvisse. nūntiantī centuriōnī, ut mōs mīlitiae, factum esse quod imperāsset, neque imperāsse sēsē et ratiōnem factī reddendam apud senātum respondit.&lt;ref&gt;Tiberius respondit centūriōnī (qui nūntiābat id factum esse, quod Tiberius imperāvisset) neque imperāvisse sē et...&lt;/ref&gt; quod postquam Sallustius Crīspus particeps sēcrētōrum (is ad tribūnum mīserat cōdicillōs) comperit, metuēns nē reus subderētur, iūxtā perīculōsō fīcta seu vēra prōmeret, monuit Līviam nē arcāna domūs, nē cōnsĭlia amīcōrum, ministĕria mīlitum vulgārentur, nēve Tiberius vim prīncipātūs resolveret cūncta ad senātum vocandō: eam condĭciōnem esse imperandī, ut nōn aliter ratiō cōnstet quam sī ūnī reddātur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_06_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 06]]</text>
      <sha1>8bc9rt2zfov3d0iwk5nf06mgws0adi9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2191</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6100</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:08:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Italica|Lingua Italica]] in [[w:Vicipaedia|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.   {{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}  [[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="179" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Italica|Lingua Italica]] in [[w:Vicipaedia|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.


{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>37ml8g1c81hirmqqtse9nudi36clz7a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7949</id>
      <parentid>6102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2018-04-02T20:17:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[Specialis:LintErrors/missing-end-tag]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1114" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ubi est ...?''' = Dov'è ...?   
:'''Quantum vectura est? Quanti tessera constat?''' = Quanto costa? 
:'''Tessera''' = Tessera  
:'''Una tessera ad ..., quaeso''' = Una tessera a ..., per favore.   
:'''Quo vadis?''' = Dove vai?   
:'''Ubi habitas?''' = Dove abiti?  

:'''automobilis''' = automobile
:'''Trenum, hamaxostychus''' = Treno   
:'''Laophorum, autobus, autoraeda longa, coenautocinetum''' = Autobus   
:'''Ferrivia subterranea''' = Ferrovia sotterranea
:'''Aeroportus''' = Aereoporto
:'''Statio ferriviaria''' = Stazione ferroviaria  
:'''Statio autobusica''' = Stazione degli autobus
:'''Statio subterranea''' = Stazione sotterranea   
:'''Abitus''' = Partenza
:'''Adventus''' = Arrivo
:'''Autoraedae locandae''' = Autonoleggio  
:'''Area stativa''' = Parcheggio
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Ufficio turistico

:'''Albergum, Deversorium, Hospitium''' = Albergo   
:'''Conclave''' = Stanza
:'''Condicia''' = Prenotazione 
:'''Suntne cubicula libera?''' = C'è posto per la notte? 
:'''Nulla sunt''' =  Non ci sono

:'''Syngraphus''' = Passaporto

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>ioi0wnzyxgz95scflmjzbbh61e880dg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Italice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2193</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6104</id>
      <parentid>6103</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:18:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2194</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6106</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:36:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: ==Enuntationes priores== :'''Ita (verō), Rēctē, Est, Sīc''' = Sì :'''Non, Minime''' = No  :'''Grātiās agō''' = Grazie :'''Grātiās multās agō''' = Grazie molte  :'''Ad volunt...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1880" xml:space="preserve">==Enuntationes priores==
:'''Ita (verō), Rēctē, Est, Sīc''' = Sì
:'''Non, Minime''' = No 
:'''Grātiās agō''' = Grazie
:'''Grātiās multās agō''' = Grazie molte 
:'''Ad voluntātem''' = Benvenuto
:'''Sīs / Quaesō / Amābo tē''' = Perfavore
:'''Mē excūsa / Ignōsce mihi''' = Scusami 
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Salve
:'''Valē, Valēte / Avē, Avēte''' = Arrivederci, Ciao  

==Linguae==
:'''Non intellegō.''' = Non capisco
:'''Quōmodo italice hoc dicunt/dicitur?''' = Come si dice questo in [italiano]? 
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Parli ... 
:'''Anglicē''' = Inglese, Anglico 
:'''Francogallicē''' = Francese, Franco  
:'''Theodiscē''' = Tedesco, Germanico  
:'''Graecē''' = Greco
:'''Hispānicē''' = Spagnolo, Ispanico  
:'''Ītalicē''' = Italiano, Italico
:'''Sinicē''' = Cinese
:'''Indicē''' = Hindi

==Personae==
:'''Ego''' = Io  
:'''Tū''' = Tu   
:'''Is / Ea / Id''' = Lui / Lei / Esso 
:'''Nōs''' = Noi
:'''Vōs''' = Voi
:'''Eī / Eae / Ea''' = Loro 

==Conversatio==
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = Come ti chiami? 
:'''Gaudeō tē vidēre.''' = Piacere di vederti.
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs? Ut valēs? Qui valēs''' = Come stai?
:'''Valeō / Bene mihi est / Rēctē / Bellē/ Mē bene Habeō''' = Sto bene
:'''Bene''' = Bene
:'''Perbellē / Bellissimē''' = Benissimo 
:'''Male''' = Male
:'''Admodum bene / Variē''' = Così così
:'''Quid vis?''' = Cosa vuoi?
:'''Quid novi?''' = Cosa c'è di nuovo?
:'''Cūrā ut valeās''' = Curati
:'''Molliter cubes''' = Buona notte

==Familia==
:'''Uxor''' = Moglie
:'''Maritus''' = Marito  
:'''Fīlia''' = Figlia  
:'''Fīlius''' = Figlio
:'''Māter''' = Madre  
:'''Pater''' = Padre 
:'''Soror''' = Sorella
:'''Frater''' = Fratello
:'''Amīcus / Amīca''' = Amico/Amica 

==Loci==
:'''Ubī sunt loca sēcrēta? Ubī est sēcessus?''' = Dov'è il bagno?
[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>3ap6xrhmgl20cwxi1fssu19vki3hr0x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Loca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2195</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6107</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:39:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: :'''Deribitorium''' = Posta  :'''Museum''' = Museo :'''Argentaria''' = Banca    :'''Casa vigilum, Sedes custòdum''' = Stazione di polizia   :'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = Ospedal...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="737" xml:space="preserve">:'''Deribitorium''' = Posta 
:'''Museum''' = Museo
:'''Argentaria''' = Banca   
:'''Casa vigilum, Sedes custòdum''' = Stazione di polizia  
:'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = Ospedale   
:'''Pharmacopolium, Medicamentarii taberna''' = Farmacia  
:'''Taberna''' = Negozio   
:'''Caupona, Popina''' = Ristorante  
:'''Ludus / Schola''' =  Scuola 
:'''Ecclesia''' = Chiesa  
:'''Secessus / Loca secreta''' = Bagno 
:'''Via''' = Via   
:'''Forum''' = Piazza   
:'''Mons''' = Montagna   
:'''Collis''' = Collina 
:'''Vallis''' = Valle  
:'''Mare''' = Mare 
:'''Lacus''' = Lago   
:'''Flumen / Fluvius''' = Fiume, fluviale   
:'''Piscina''' = Piscina
:'''Turris''' = Torre
:'''Pons''' = Ponte

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>tabvjrdxn5yezxdg3oam1via5jc39hs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2196</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6108</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:43:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: :'''nihil, zero''' = zero   :'''unus''' = uno   :'''duo''' = due  :'''tres''' = tre   :'''quattuor''' = quattro  :'''quinque''' = cinque :'''sex''' = sei :'''septem''' = sette   :'''oct...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="909" xml:space="preserve">:'''nihil, zero''' = zero  
:'''unus''' = uno  
:'''duo''' = due 
:'''tres''' = tre  
:'''quattuor''' = quattro 
:'''quinque''' = cinque
:'''sex''' = sei
:'''septem''' = sette  
:'''octo''' = otto
:'''novem''' = nove 
:'''decem''' = dieci

:'''undecim''' = undici  
:'''duodecim''' = dodici  
:'''tredecim''' = tredici 
:'''quattuordecim''' = quattordici  
:'''quindecim''' = quindici
:'''sedecim''' = sedici
:'''septendecim''' = diciasette 
:'''duodeviginti''' = diciotto
:'''undeviginti''' = dicianove 
:'''viginti''' = venti
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti''' = ventuno

:'''triginta''' = trenta
:'''quadraginta''' = quaranta
:'''quinquaginta''' = cinquanta
:'''sexaginta''' = sessanta
:'''septuaginta''' = settanta  
:'''octoginta''' = ottanta
:'''nonaginta''' = novanta
:'''centum''' = cento  
:'''mille''' = mille  
:'''decies centena milia''' = milione

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>fyntx3f1l80h8i4anpbskql1yx27hi6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Mandata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2197</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6109</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:44:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: :'''Laeva, Sinister''' = Sinistra    :'''Dextra''' = Destra :'''In derectum''' = Diritto :'''Sursum''' = Su' :'''Deorsum''' = Giu'    :'''Procul''' = Lontano    :'''Prope''' = Vicino   ...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="371" xml:space="preserve">:'''Laeva, Sinister''' = Sinistra   
:'''Dextra''' = Destra
:'''In derectum''' = Diritto
:'''Sursum''' = Su'
:'''Deorsum''' = Giu'   
:'''Procul''' = Lontano   
:'''Prope''' = Vicino  
:'''Longus''' = Lungo   
:'''Brevis''' = Breve   
:'''Tabula geographica''' = Mappa   
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Ufficio turistico

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>f5ndogft91ectsbmbhlrqi98ygso867</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Tempus et diem ascribere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2198</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10293</id>
      <parentid>6110</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-10-01T09:22:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quinlan83</username>
        <id>2479</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fix</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1283" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quota hora est?''' = Che ora è?  
:'''h7 min13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, Sette e tredici  
:'''h3 min15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, Tre e un quarto   
:'''h11 min30, hora undecima et dimidia''' = 11:30, Undici e mezza      
:'''h1 min45, hora prima et dodrante''' = 1:45, l'una meno un quarto  

:'''Dies''' = Giorno, dì
:'''Septimana''' = Settimana
:'''Mensis''' = Mese
:'''Annus''' = Anno 

:'''Dies Lunae''' = Lunedì   
:'''Dies Martis''' = Martedì   
:'''Dies Mercurii''' = Mercoledì   
:'''Dies Iovis''' = Giovedì
:'''Dies Veneris''' = Venerdì   
:'''Dies Saturni, Sabbatum''' = Sabato   
:'''Dies Solis, Dies Dominica''' = Domenica  

:'''Ianuarius''' = Gennaio
:'''Februarius''' = Febbraio  
:'''Martius''' = Marzo
:'''Aprilis''' = Aprile   
:'''Maius''' = Maggio   
:'''Iunius''' = Giugno  
:'''Quinctilis, (Iulius)''' = Luglio   
:'''Sextilis, (Augustus)''' = Agosto   
:'''September''' = Settembre
:'''October''' = Ottobre 
:'''November''' = Novembre   
:'''December''' = Dicembre  

:'''Ver''' = Primavera 
:'''Aestas''' = Estate   
:'''Autumnus''' = Autunno   
:'''Hiems''' = Inverno

:'''Hodie''' = Oggi   
:'''Heri''' = Ieri  
:'''Cras''' = Domani

:'''Dies natalis''' = Compleanno

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>fj6w95tgocejtgi8hz0ibho9z5yru9m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Italice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2199</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6113</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-18T11:55:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raffus Magnus</username>
        <id>114</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: :'''Quanti constat?''' = Quanto costa? :'''Quid hoc est?''' = Cos'è? :'''Id emam.''' = Lo comprerò.  :'''Emere volo ...''' = Vorrei comprare ...   :'''Habesne ...''' = hai ...   :'''c...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1291" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = Quanto costa?
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = Cos'è?
:'''Id emam.''' = Lo comprerò. 
:'''Emere volo ...''' = Vorrei comprare ...  
:'''Habesne ...''' = hai ...  
:'''chartulas fidei accipis?''' = Accetti carte di credito?   
:'''Apertus''' = Aperto
:'''Occlusus''' = Chiuso  
:'''Charta postalis''' = Carta della posta   
:'''Tessera epistularis''' = Francobolli
:'''Pauci''' = Pochi 
:'''Multi''' = Molti
:'''Omnes''' = Tutti

:'''Ieiunium''' = Colazione   
:'''Prandium''' = Pranzo
:'''Cena''' = Cena   
:'''Vegetarius''' = Vegetariano
:'''Purus''' = Puro 
:'''Bene te!''' = Bene!  
:'''Rationem affer, quaeso.''' = Il conto, per favore.  

:'''Panis''' = Pane
:'''Potio''' = Bibita   
:'''Cafea (Arabica)''' = Caffé   
:'''Thea''' = Té
:'''Sucus''' = Succo 
:'''Aqua''' = Acqua
:'''Aqua mineralis''' = Acqua minerale 
:'''Cervisia''' = Birra
:'''Vinum''' = Vino 
:'''Sal''' = Sale   
:'''Piper''' = Pepe 
:'''Caro''' = Carne   
:'''Bubula Caro''' = Carne di manzo 
:'''Porcina''' = Carne di maiale   
:'''Piscis''' = Pesce
:'''Aves cohortales''' = Pollame  
:'''Holus''' = Ortaggio
:'''Pomum''' = Frutto  
:'''Patata''' = Patata   
:'''Acetaria''' = Insalata 
:'''Bellaria''' = Dolciumi 
:'''Glacies, Gelatum''' = Gelato

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>hb6tlz7dse5ngu5i6oab56u3m4apcw3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/VII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6336</id>
      <parentid>6288</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:47:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2705" xml:space="preserve">=VII=

At Rōmae ruĕre in servitium cōnsulēs, patrēs, equĕs. quantō quis inlūstrior, tantō magis falsī ac festīnantēs, vultūque compositō, nē laetī&lt;ref&gt;nē laetī neu trīstiōrēs ''essent'' vel ''vidērentur''.&lt;/ref&gt; excessū prīncipis neu trīstiōrēs prīmōrdiō&lt;ref&gt;''prīmōrdium -ī n:'' initium (Tiberiī rēgnī).&lt;/ref&gt;, lacrimās gaudium, questūs adūlātiōnem miscēbant. Sex. Pompeius et Sex. Appuleius cōnsulēs prīmī in verba Tiberiī Caesaris iūrāvēre, apudque eōs Seius Străbō et C. Turrānius, ille praetōriārum cohortium praefectus, hic annōnae; mox senātus mīlĕsque et populus. Nam Tiberius cūncta per cōnsulēs incipiēbat, tamquam vetere rē pūblicā et ambiguus imperandī&lt;ref&gt;= cūnctābundus, num imperāret.&lt;/ref&gt;: nē ēdictum quidem, quō patrēs in cūriam vocābat, nisi tribūnīciae potestātis praescrīptiōne&lt;ref&gt;= nōmine.&lt;/ref&gt; posuit&lt;ref&gt;= prōposuit.&lt;/ref&gt; sub Augustō acceptae. verba ēdictī fuēre pauca et sēnsū permodestō: dē honōribus parentĭs cōnsultūrum&lt;ref&gt;in ēdictō dīxit ''sē'' cōnsultūrum ''esse''...&lt;/ref&gt;, neque abscēdere ā corpore, idque ūnum ex pūblicīs mūneribus ūsūrpāre. sed dēfūnctō Augustō signum praetōriīs cohortibus ut imperātor dederat; excubiae, arma, cētera aulae&lt;ref&gt;armātī cūstōdēs et cēterae rēs, quae aulam (domum rēgnātrīcem) decent.&lt;/ref&gt;; mīlĕs in fŏrum, mīles in cūriam comitābātur&lt;ref&gt;''comitor -ātus sum dep 1:'' īre cum aliquō, (prō)sequī, adsectārī.&lt;/ref&gt;. litterās ad exercitūs tamquam adeptō prīncipātū mīsit, nusquam cūnctābundus nisi cum in senātū loquerētur. causa praecipua ex formīdine, nē Germānicus, in cuius manū tot legiōnēs, immēnsa sociōrum auxilia, mīrus apud pŏpulum favor, habēre imperium quam exspectāre māllet. dabat et fāmae, ut vocātus ēlēctusque potius ā rē pūblicā vidērētur quam per uxōrium ambitum et senīlī adoptiōne inrēpsisse&lt;ref&gt;''irrēpō -rēpsī -rēptum 3:''&lt;/ref&gt;. posteā cognitum est ad intrōspiciendās etiam prŏcerum&lt;ref&gt;''procer proceris m:'' vir nōbilis.&lt;/ref&gt; voluntātēs inductam dubitātiōnem&lt;ref&gt;inductam ''esse'': cognitum est Tiberium speciem dubitantis indūtum esse, ut facilius opīniōnēs nōbilium cognōsceret.&lt;/ref&gt;: nam verba vultūs in crīmen dētorquēns recondēbat.&lt;ref&gt;verba et vultūs eōrum velut crīmina Tiberius interpretātus est et memoriae mandāvit.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_07_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 07]]</text>
      <sha1>3xtsya23cuzd8b49g95bkdsd27w1hnk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/VIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2202</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6430</id>
      <parentid>6337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-11T21:13:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2741" xml:space="preserve">=VIII=

Nihil prīmō senatūs diē agī passus ''est'' nisi dē suprēmīs Augustī, cuius testāmentum inlātum per virginēs Vestae Tiberium et Līviam hērēdēs habuit. Līvia in familiam Iūliam nōmenque Augustum adsūmēbātur; in spem secundam nepōtēs prōnepōtēsque, tertiō gradū prīmōrēs cīvitātis scrīpserat, plērōsque invīsōs sibi, sed iactantiā glōriāque ad posterōs. lēgāta nōn ultrā cīvīlem modum, nisi quod populō et plēbī quadringentiēns trīciēns quīnquiēns&lt;ref&gt;quadringentiēns trīciēns quīnquiēns ''centēna mīlia sēstertium'' = 435 × 100 000 = 43 500 000 sēstertiī.&lt;/ref&gt;, praetōriārum cohortium mīlitibus singula nummum mīlia, ''urbānīs quīngēnōs,'' legiōnāriīs aut cohortibus cīvium Rōmānōrum trēcēnōs nummōs virītim dedit. tum cōnsultātum dē honōribus; ex quīs&lt;ref&gt;= quibus.&lt;/ref&gt; ''quī'' maximē īnsignēs vīsī, ut portā triumphālī dūcerētur fūnus, Gallus Asĭnius, ut lēgum lātārum&lt;ref&gt;lēgem ferre: prōpōnere.&lt;/ref&gt; tĭtulī, victārum ab eō gentium vocābula anteferrentur, L. Arruntius cēnsuēre&lt;ref&gt;= cēnsuērunt: Asinius cēnsuit, ut ... dūcerētur; Arruntius cēnsuit, ut ... anteferrentur.&lt;/ref&gt;. addēbat Messalla Valĕrius renovandum per annōs sacrāmentum in nōmen Tiberiī; interrogātusque ā Tiberiō num sē mandante eam sententiam prōmpsisset, sponte dīxisse respondit, neque in iīs quae ad rem pūblicam pertinērent cōnsiliō nisi suō ūsūrum, vel cum perīculō offēnsiōnis: ea sōla speciēs adūlandī supererat. conclāmant patrēs corpus ad rŏgum ŭmerīs senātōrum ferendum. remīsit&lt;ref&gt;remittō -mīsī -missum 3:&lt;/ref&gt; Caesar adrogantī moderātiōne, populumque ēdictō monuit nē&lt;ref&gt;nē ... vellent.&lt;/ref&gt;, ut quondam nimiīs studiīs fūnus dīvī Iūliī turbāssent, ita Augustum in forō potius quam in campō Mārtis, sēde dēstinātā, cremārī vellent. diē fūneris mīlitēs velut praesĭdiō stetēre, multum&lt;ref&gt;adverbium.&lt;/ref&gt; inrīdentibus quī ipsī vīderant quīque a parentibus accēperant diem illum crūdī adhūc servitiī et lībertātis inprōsperē repetītae, cum occīsus dictātor Caesar&lt;ref&gt;occīsus Caesar = occīdiō Caesaris; id, quod Caesar occīsus est.&lt;/ref&gt; aliīs pessimum aliīs pulcherrimum facinus vidērētur: nunc senem prīncipem, longā potentiā, prōvīsīs etiam hērēdum in rem pūblicam opibus, auxiliō scīlicet mīlitārī tuendum, ut sepultūra eius quiēta foret.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_08_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 08]]</text>
      <sha1>2vp7lred3mmxkqisxqzmj1d31ybkf0s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/IX</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7228</id>
      <parentid>6338</parentid>
      <timestamp>2013-06-15T12:32:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
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      <minor />
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Multus hinc ipsō dē Augustō sermō, plērīsque vāna mīrantibus, quod īdem diēs&lt;ref&gt;scīlicet ante diem quārtum decimum Kalendās Septembrēs, quī nostrīs temporibus diēs ūndēvīcēsimus (19) mēnsis Augustī appellātur.&lt;/ref&gt; acceptī quondam imperiī prīnceps&lt;ref&gt;= prīmus.&lt;/ref&gt; et vītae suprēmus, quod Nōlae in domō et cubĭculō in quō pater eius Octāvius vītam fīnīvisset. numerus etiam cōnsulātuum celebrābātur, quō Valĕrium Corvum et C. Mărium simul aequāverat&lt;ref&gt;Marius septiēs, Corvus sexiēs cōnsulātū fūnctī sunt; numerus Augustī cōnsulātuum trēdecim fuit.&lt;/ref&gt;, continuāta per septem et trīgintā annōs tribūnīcia potestās, nōmen imperātōris semel atque vīciēns partum aliaque honōrum multiplicāta aut nova. at apud prūdentēs vīta eius variē extollēbātur arguēbāturve. hī&lt;ref&gt;hī ''dīxit Augustum'' ... āctum ''esse''.&lt;/ref&gt; pietāte ergā parentem et necessitūdine reī pūblicae, in quā nūllus tunc lēgibus locus, ad arma cīvīlia āctum, quae neque parārī possent neque habērī per bonās artēs. multa Antōniō, dum interfectōrēs patris ulcīscerētur, multa Lepidō concessisse. postquam hic sŏcordiā&lt;ref&gt;''socordia -ae f:'' segnitia, pigritia, hebetātiō.&lt;/ref&gt; senuerit, ille per libīdinēs pessum datus sit&lt;ref&gt;''pessum (adverbium):'' funditus, ad sŏlum. ''pessum dare:'' perdere.&lt;/ref&gt;, nōn aliud discordantis patriae remĕdium fuisse quam ''ut'' ab ūnō regerētur. nōn rēgnō tamen neque dictātūrā, sed prīncipis nōmine cōnstitūtam rem pūblicam; marī Ōceănō aut amnibus longinquīs&lt;ref&gt;''longinquus -a -um:'' remōtus, (longē) absēns.&lt;/ref&gt; saeptum imperium; legiōnēs, prōvinciās, classēs, cūncta inter sē cōnexa; iūs apud cīvēs, modestiam apud sociōs; urbem ipsam magnificō ōrnātū&lt;ref&gt;ablātīvus quālitātis.&lt;/ref&gt;; pauca admodum vī tractāta quō&lt;ref&gt;''quō:'' eā ratiōne, ut...&lt;/ref&gt; cēterīs quiēs esset.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_09_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 09]]</text>
      <sha1>bu1mxmaejjjeglj52kysoiokz0m96ax</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/X</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2204</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6339</id>
      <parentid>6299</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:48:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
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      <text bytes="3422" xml:space="preserve">=X=

Dīcēbātur contrā: pietātem ergā parentem et tempora reī pūblicae obtentuī&lt;ref&gt;''obtentus -ūs m:'' praetextum; causa quae post factum fingitur.&lt;/ref&gt; sūmpta: cēterum cupīdine dominandī concītōs per largītiōnem veterānōs, parātum ab adulēscente prīvātō exercitum, corruptās cōnsulis legiōnēs, simulātam Pompeiānārum grātiam partium; mox ubi dēcrētō patrum&lt;ref&gt;''dēcrētō patrum:'' per senātūs cōnsultum.&lt;/ref&gt; fascēs&lt;ref&gt;fascēs, ab antecēdentibus lictōribus portātī, fuērunt īnsignia dignitātis et potestātis.&lt;/ref&gt; et iūs praetōris invāserit, caesīs Hīrtiō et Pānsā, sīve hostis illōs, seu Pānsam venēnum vulnerī adfūsum, suī mīlitēs Hīrtium et māchinātor dolī Caesar abstulerat, utriusque cōpiās occupāvisse; extortum invītō senātū cōnsulātum, armaque quae in Antōnium accēperit contrā rem pūblicam versa; prōscrīptiōnem cīvium, dīvīsiōnēs agrōrum nē ipsīs quidem quī fēcēre laudātās. sānē Cassiī et Brūtōrum exitūs paternīs inimīcitiīs datōs, quamquam fās sit prīvāta odia pūblicīs ūtilitātibus remittere: sed Pompeium imāgine pācis, sed Lepidum speciē amīcitiae dēceptōs; post&lt;ref&gt;= posteā, adverbium.&lt;/ref&gt; Antōnium, Tarentīnō Brundĭsīnōque foedere et nūptiīs sorōris inlēctum, subdolae&lt;ref&gt;''subdolus -a -um:'' fallāx, perfīdus, īnsidiōsus.&lt;/ref&gt; adfīnitātis poenās morte exsolvisse&lt;ref&gt;''poenās alicuius reī dare'' vel ''solvere.''&lt;/ref&gt;. pācem sine dubiō post haec, vērum cruentam: Lolliānās Vāriānāsque clādēs, interfectōs Rōmae Varrōnēs, Egnātiōs, Iullōs. nec domesticīs abstinēbātur&lt;ref&gt;etiam prīvātās Augustī rēs disserēbant.&lt;/ref&gt;: abducta Nerōnī uxor&lt;ref&gt;Tiberius Claudius Nerō, pater Tiberiī, ab Octāviānō permōtus erat, ut discēderet ab Līviam uxōrem suam.&lt;/ref&gt; et cōnsultī per lūdibrium pontificēs an conceptō necdum ēditō partū&lt;ref&gt;''conceptō necdum ēditō partū:'' dum gravĭda fuit.&lt;/ref&gt; rīte nūberet&lt;ref&gt;utqumque sē rēs habet, Augustus Līviam in mātrimōnium dūxerat quārtō diē post Drūsum nātum.&lt;/ref&gt;; Q. †Tediī et Vēdiī Polliōnis lūxus; postrēmō Līvia gravis in rem pūblicam māter, gravis domuī Caesarum noverca. nihil deōrum honōribus relictum, cum sē templīs et effigiē nūminum per flāminēs et sacerdōtēs cŏlī vellet&lt;ref&gt;''vellet:'' i.e. Augustus (nōn Līvia).&lt;/ref&gt;. nē Tiberium quidem cāritāte aut reī pūblicae cūrā successōrem adscītum, sed quŏnĭam adrogantiam saevitiamque eius intrōspēxerit, comparātiōne dēterrimā sibi glōriam quaesīvisse&lt;ref&gt;quīdam disputābant: quantō peior successor, tantō melius Augustus videātur.&lt;/ref&gt;. etenim Augustus paucīs ante annīs, cum Tiberiō tribūnīciam potestātem ā patribus rūrsum postulāret, quamquam honōrā ōrātiōne, quaedam dē habitū cultūque et īnstitūtīs eius iēcerat&lt;ref&gt;''iaciō (verba):'' ēloquī.&lt;/ref&gt;, quae velut excūsandō exprŏbrāret&lt;ref&gt;''exprobrō -āvī -ātum 1:'' obiūrgāre, culpāre, admonēre.&lt;/ref&gt;. cēterum sepultūrā mōre perfectā templum et caelestēs religiōnēs dēcernuntur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_10_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 10]]</text>
      <sha1>dwi499yhhqg7oxsawonar5axo6g2em3</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XI</title>
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    <id>2205</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6340</id>
      <parentid>6142</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:48:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1529" xml:space="preserve">=XI=

Versae inde ad Tiberium precēs. et ille varia ēdisserēbat dē magnitūdine imperiī, suā modestiā. sōlam dīvī Augustī mentem tantae mōlis capācem: sē in partem cūrārum ab illō vocātum experiendō didicisse quam arduum, quam subiectum fortūnae regendī cūncta onus. proinde in cīvitāte tot inlūstribus virīs subnīxā nōn ad ūnum omnia dēferrent: plūrēs facilius mūnia reī pūblicae sociātīs labōribus exsecūtūrōs. plūs in ōrātiōne tālī dignitātis quam fidĕī erat; Tiberiōque etiam in rēbus quās nōn occuleret, seu nātūrā sīve adsuētūdine, suspēnsa semper et obscūra verba: tunc vērō nītentī, ut sēnsūs suōs pĕnitus abderet, in incertum et ambiguum magis implicābantur. at patrēs, quibus ūnus metus sī intellegere vidērentur, in questūs lacrimās vōta effundī; ad deōs, ad effigiem Augustī, ad genua ipsīus manūs tendere, cum prōferrī libellum recitārīque iussit. opēs pūblicae continēbantur, quantum cīvium sociōrumque in armīs, quot classēs, rēgna, prōvinciae, tribūta aut vectīgālia, et nĕcessitātēs ac largītiōnēs. quae cūncta suā manū perscrīpserat Augustus addideratque cōnsĭlium coercendī intrā terminōs imperiī, incertum metū an per invidiam.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_11_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 11]]</text>
      <sha1>fl0q788sd1jugc63jw3h6gnnagclrzq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2206</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6341</id>
      <parentid>6143</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:49:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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Inter quae senātū ad īnfĭmās&lt;ref&gt;''īnfimus -a -um'' (gradus superlātīvus adiectīvī ‘īnferī’): sordidus, turpis.&lt;/ref&gt; obtestātiōnēs&lt;ref&gt;''obtestātiō -ōnis f:'' precātiō, supplicātiō.&lt;/ref&gt; prōcumbente, dīxit forte Tiberius sē ut nōn tōtī reī pūblicae parem, ita quaecumque pars sibi mandārētur, eius tūtēlam susceptūrum. tum Asĭnius Gallus ‘interrogō’ inquit, ‘Caesar, quam partem reī pūblicae mandārī tibi velis.’ perculsus inprōvīsā interrogātiōne paulum reticuit: dein collēctō animō respondit nēquāquam&lt;ref&gt;''nēquāquam'' (adverbium): omnīnō nōn, nūllō modō.&lt;/ref&gt; decōrum&lt;ref&gt;''decōrus -a -um:'' decēns, dignum.&lt;/ref&gt; pudōrī suō legere aliquid aut ēvītāre ex eō, cui in ūniversum excūsārī&lt;ref&gt;cōnstrūctiō ''‘excūsāre aliquem alicui reī’'' est admodum īnsolita apud antīquōs scrīptōres; ūsitātius ''‘excūsāre aliquem dē aliquō rē’''.&lt;/ref&gt; māllet. rūrsum Gallus (etenim vultū offēnsiōnem coniectāverat)&lt;ref&gt;vultū Tiberiī sēnserat Gallus se animum eius offendisse.&lt;/ref&gt; nōn idcircō interrogātum ait, ut dīvideret quae sēparārī nequīrent, sed ut suā&lt;ref&gt;i.e. Tiberiī.&lt;/ref&gt; cōnfessiōne arguerētur, ūnum esse reī pūblicae corpus atque ūnīus animō regendum. addidit laudem dē Augustō Tiberiumque ipsum victōriārum suārum quaeque&lt;ref&gt;''quaeque:'' “et eōrum, quae...” (= “et eārum rērum, quas...”) (?)&lt;/ref&gt; in togā per tot annōs ēgregiē fēcisset admonuit&lt;ref&gt;''admonēre aliquem alicuius reī.''&lt;/ref&gt;. nec ideō īram eius lēnīvit, prīdem invīsus, tamquam ductā in mātrimōnium Vīpsāniā M. Agrippae fīliā, quae quondam Tiberiī uxor fuerat&lt;ref&gt;Agrippa Iūliam, Augustī fīliam, uxōrem habuerat; Tiberius Vīpsāniam, Agrippae fīliam ē priōre mātrimōniō – ergō Iūlia fuit Vīpsāniae noverca. at dēfūnctō Agrippā Tiberius ab Augustō coāctus erat ut Vīpsāniam dīmitteret et Iūliam marītō carentem in mātrimōnium dūceret, “nōn sine magnō angōre animī”, ut dīcit Suētōnius, nam Vīpsāniam etiamnunc dīligēbat.&lt;/ref&gt;, plūs quam cīvīlia agitāret Polliōnisque Asĭniī patris ferōciam retinēret.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_12_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 12]]</text>
      <sha1>orqfdl8u321qxwwpflnxiiigfrk3bz5</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XIII</title>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>6289</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:49:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2649" xml:space="preserve">=XIII=

Post quae L. Arruntius haud multum discrepāns ā Gallī ōrātiōne perinde offendit, quamquam Tiberiō nūlla vetus&lt;ref&gt;''vetus'' per tria genera; gen. ''veteris''.&lt;/ref&gt; in Arruntium īra: sed dīvĭtem, prōmptum&lt;ref&gt;''prōmptus -a -um:'' alacer, intentus, studiōsus.&lt;/ref&gt;, artibus ēgregiīs et părī fāmā pūblicē, suspectābat. quippe Augustus suprēmīs sermōnibus&lt;ref&gt;in (prīvātīs) colloquiīs.&lt;/ref&gt; cum tractāret, quīnam adipīscī prīncipem locum suffectūrī abnuerent aut inpărēs vellent vel īdem possent cuperentque&lt;ref&gt;...cum tractāret: “quī abnuent, etiamsī sufficiunt prīncipātum adipīscī (= potīrī, adprehendere)? quī volunt (prīncipātum adipīscī), etiamsī inparēs sunt? quī et possunt et cupiunt?”&lt;/ref&gt;, M’.&lt;ref&gt;Mānium.&lt;/ref&gt; Lepidum dīxerat capācem sed aspernantem, Gallum Asinium avidum et minōrem, L. Arruntium nōn indignum et, sī cāsus darētur, ausūrum. dē priōribus cōnsentītur&lt;ref&gt;omnēs historicī, cuius opera Tacitus lēxerat, cōnsentiēbant dē Lepidō et Asiniō.&lt;/ref&gt;, prō Arruntiō quīdam Cn. Pīsōnem trādidēre; omnēsque praeter Lepidum variīs mox crīminibus struente Tiberiō circumventī sunt. etiam Q. Haterius et Māmercus Scaurus suspicācem animum perstrīnxēre, Haterius cum dīxisset ‘quousque patiēris, Caesar, nōn adesse caput reī pūblicae?’ Scaurus quia dīxerat, spem esse ex eō nōn inrĭtās&lt;ref&gt;''inritus -a -um'' (''in'' + ''rătus''): vānus, inānis.&lt;/ref&gt; fore senātūs precēs, quod relātiōnī cōnsulum iūre tribūnīciae potestātis nōn intercessisset.&lt;ref&gt;disputābat Scaurus: “sī rē vērā Tiberius omnia regere nōn velit, intercēdere potuisset. id, quod nōn iam intercessisset, spem facit senātum nōn nēquīquam precāre.”&lt;/ref&gt; in Haterium statim invectus est; Scaurum, cui inplācābilius īrāscēbātur, silentiō trāmīsit. fessusque clāmōre omnium, expostulātiōne singulōrum flexit paulātim, nōn ut fatērētur suscipī ā sē imperium, sed ut negāre et rogārī dēsineret. cōnstat Haterium, cum dēprecandī causā Palātium introisset ambulantisque Tiberiī genua advolverētur, prope ā mīlitibus interfectum, quia Tiberius cāsū an manibus eius inpedītus prōciderat. neque tamen perīculō tālis virī mītigātus est, dōnec Haterius Augustam ōrāret eiusque cūrātissimīs precibus prōtegerētur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_13_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 13]]</text>
      <sha1>siv3fyyekfmi5ixx0vho6thwhe5u6s2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XIV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6343</id>
      <parentid>6263</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:49:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1303" xml:space="preserve">=XIV=

Multa patrum et in Augustam adūlātiō. aliī parentem, aliī mātrem patriae appellandam, plērīque ut nōminī Caesaris adscrīberētur ‘Iūliae fīlius’ cēnsēbant. ille moderandōs fēminārum honōrēs dictitāns eādemque sē temperantiā ūsūrum in iīs quae sibi tribuerentur, cēterum ānxius invidiā et muliebre fāstīgium&lt;ref&gt;''fāstīgium -ī n:'' dignitās; altitūdō.&lt;/ref&gt; in&lt;ref&gt;= velut.&lt;/ref&gt; dēminūtiōnem suī accipiēns nē līctōrem quidem eī dēcernī passus est āramque adoptiōnis et alia huiusce modī prŏhibuit. at Germānicō Caesarī prōcōnsulāre imperium petīvit, missīque lēgātī quī dēferrent&lt;ref&gt;... dēferrent ''imperium eī'', scīlicet.&lt;/ref&gt;, simul maestĭtiam eius ob excessum Augustī sōlārentur. quō minus ĭdem prō Drūsō postulārētur, ea causa quod dēsignātus cōnsul Drūsus praesēnsque erat. candidātōs praetūrae duodecim nōmināvit, numerum ab Augustō trāditum; et hortante senātū ut augēret, iūre iūrandō obstrīnxit sē nōn excessūrum.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_14_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 14]]</text>
      <sha1>jq6kmbfcg5c800n5zgqjr6qry0xxrq8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2210</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6498</id>
      <parentid>6427</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-30T11:20:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1567" xml:space="preserve">=XV=

Tum prīmum ē campō&lt;ref&gt;ē campō Mārtiō.&lt;/ref&gt; comitia&lt;ref&gt;= ēlēctiō magistrātuum.&lt;/ref&gt; ad patrēs trānslāta sunt: nam ad eam diem, etsī potissima arbitriō prīncipis, quaedam tamen studiīs tribuum&lt;ref&gt;= populī.&lt;/ref&gt; fīēbant. neque populus adēmptum iūs questus est nisi inānī rūmōre, et senātus largītiōnibus ac precibus sordidīs exsolūtus&lt;ref&gt;largītiōnibus exsolūtus: cum iūs magistrātuum ēligendōrum apud populum fuit, senātōribus (qui et candidātī fuerint) opus fuit populum dōnīs ĕmĕre.&lt;/ref&gt; libēns tenuit, moderante Tiberiō nē plūrēs quam quattuor candidātōs commendāret&lt;ref&gt;moderante Tiberiō ''sē'', nē ... (Tiberius) commendāret.&lt;/ref&gt;, sine repulsā et ambitū dēsignandōs. inter quae&lt;ref&gt;= intereā.&lt;/ref&gt; tribūnī plēbeī petīvēre, ut propriō sūmptū ēderent lūdōs, quī dē nōmine Augustī fāstīs additī Augustālēs vocārentur. sed dēcrēta pecūnia ex aerāriō, utque per circum triumphālī veste ūterentur: currū vehī haud permissum. mox celebrātiō annua ad praetōrem trānslāta, cui inter cīvēs et peregrīnōs iūrisdictiō ēvēnisset&lt;ref&gt;celebrātiō (= onus celebrātiōnem vel lūdōs ēdendī) trānslāta ''est'' ad ''eum'' praetōrem, cui ... iūrisdictiō ''sorte'' ēvēnisset.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 15]]</text>
      <sha1>5qc3llyz7sc3yq3177jr0xvuz3hzots</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XVI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2211</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7953</id>
      <parentid>6345</parentid>
      <timestamp>2018-04-02T20:18:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[Special:LintErrors/missing-end-tag]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2266" xml:space="preserve">=XVI=

Hic rērum urbānārum status erat, cum Pannŏnicās&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Pannonia|Pannonia]], prōvincia.&lt;/ref&gt; legiōnēs sēditiō&lt;ref&gt;''sēditiō -ōnis f:'' rebelliō, tumultus, discordia.&lt;/ref&gt; incessit, nūllīs novīs causīs, nisi quod mūtātus prīnceps&lt;ref&gt;mūtātus prīnceps ... ostendebat: confer [[../VIII/]], “occīsus dictātor Caesar ... vidērētur”.&lt;/ref&gt; licentiam turbārum et ex cīvīlī bellō spem praemiōrum ostendēbat. castrīs aestīvīs&lt;ref&gt;''castra -ōrum n:'' plūrālis tantum! ūna castra habēbant trēs legiōnēs.&lt;/ref&gt; trēs simul legiōnēs habēbantur, praesidente Iūniō Blaesō, quī fīne Augustī et initiīs Tiberiī audītīs ob iūstitium&lt;ref&gt;''iūstitium -ī n:'' mora, intermissiō maerendī causā.&lt;/ref&gt; aut gaudium intermīserat solĭta mūnia. eō prīncipiō lāscīvīre&lt;ref&gt;''lāscīviō -īvī -ītum 4:'' lūdere, exsultāre, superbus vel effrēnātus esse.&lt;/ref&gt; mīlĕs, discordāre, pessimī cuiusque sermōnibus praebēre aurēs, dēnique lūxum et ōtium cupere, disciplīnam et labōrem aspernārī. erat in castrīs Percennius quīdam, dux ōlim theātrālium operārum&lt;ref&gt;''opera -ae f:'' āctiō, negōtium; ''operae -ārum fpl:'' iī, quī agunt, quī opus faciunt. ''theātrālēs operae:'' iī, quī sedeunt inter spectātōrēs et plausūs ac adclamātiōnēs excitant.&lt;/ref&gt;, dein gregārius&lt;ref&gt;''gregārius -a -um:'' ē grege; nōn fuit praefectus.&lt;/ref&gt; mīles, prŏcāx linguā et miscēre coetūs&lt;ref&gt;''miscēre coetūs:'' turbam, catervam incitāre.&lt;/ref&gt; histriōnālī&lt;ref&gt;''histriō -ōnis m:'' āctor, scaenicus artifex. ''histriōnālis -is -e:'' theātrālis.&lt;/ref&gt; studiō doctus. is inperītōs animōs et quaenam post Augustum mīlitiae condiciō ambigentēs&lt;ref&gt;quī nesciēbant, quae condiciō mīlitiae futūra esset.&lt;/ref&gt; inpellere paulātim nocturnīs conloquiīs aut flexō in vesperam diē et dīlāpsīs meliōribus&lt;ref&gt;postquam meliōrēs hominēs discessērunt.&lt;/ref&gt; dēterrimum quemque congregāre.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_16_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 16]]</text>
      <sha1>c3oe3vcdaeh7wpsfsy2oxrlgpg7ggyl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XVII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2212</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6346</id>
      <parentid>6205</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:49:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2747" xml:space="preserve">=XVII=

Postrēmō prōmptīs iam et aliīs&lt;ref&gt;''et aliīs:'' nōn sōlum Percennius, sed etiam aliī ministrī fuērunt prōmptī.&lt;/ref&gt; sēditiōnis ministrīs&lt;ref&gt;''prōmptīs ... ministrīs:'' ablātīvus absolūtus.&lt;/ref&gt; velut contiōnābundus&lt;ref&gt;''contiō -ōnis f:'' congregātiō populī. ''contiōnābundus -a -um:'' loquēns apud populum.&lt;/ref&gt; interrogābat, cūr paucīs centuriōnibus, pauciōribus tribūnīs in modum servōrum oboedīrent. quandō ausūrōs exposcere remedia, nisi novum et nūtantem&lt;ref&gt;''nūtō -āvī -ātum 1:'' īnstabilis esse.&lt;/ref&gt; adhūc prīncipem precibus vel armīs adīrent? satis per tot annōs ignāviā&lt;ref&gt;''ignāvia -ae f:'' pigritia, inertia.&lt;/ref&gt; peccātum, quod trīcēna aut quadrāgēna stīpendia&lt;ref&gt;''stīpendium -ī n:'' mercēs mīlitum; annus in quō aliquis mīlitat.&lt;/ref&gt; senēs et plērīque truncātō ex vulneribus corpore tolerent. nē dīmissīs&lt;ref&gt;datīvus commodī.&lt;/ref&gt; quidem fīnem esse mīlitiae, sed apud vēxillum tendentēs aliō vocābulō&lt;ref&gt;vēxillāriī vocābantur.&lt;/ref&gt; eōsdem labōrēs perferre. ac sī quis tot cāsūs vītā superāverit, trahī adhūc&lt;ref&gt;= īnsuper.&lt;/ref&gt; dīversās in terrās&lt;ref&gt;= in remōtās regiōnēs.&lt;/ref&gt;, ubi per nōmen agrōrum ūlīginēs&lt;ref&gt;''ūlīgō -inis f:'' ūmor; terra aquōsa (adeō, ut parum apta ad agrī cultūram sit).&lt;/ref&gt; palūdum vel inculta montium accipiant. enimvēro mīlitiam ipsam gravem, īnfrūctuōsam: dēnīs in diem assibus animam et corpus aestimārī: hinc vestem arma tentōria, hinc saevitiam centuriōnum et vacātiōnēs mūnerum redĭmī. at hercule verbera et vulnera, dūram hiemem, exercitās aestātēs, bellum atrōx aut sterĭlem pācem&lt;ref&gt;sterilis, ob absentiam praedae.&lt;/ref&gt; sempiterna. nec aliud levāmentum quam sī certīs sub lēgibus mīlitia inīrētur, ut singulōs dēnāriōs&lt;ref&gt;''dēnārius -ī m:'' sēdecim (16) assēs (post bellum Pūnicum secundum).&lt;/ref&gt; merērent, sextus decumus stīpendiī annus fīnem adferret, nē ultrā sub vēxillīs tenērentur, sed īsdem in castrīs&lt;ref&gt;in īsdem castrīs: statim cum dīmitterentur.&lt;/ref&gt; praemium pecūniā&lt;ref&gt;pecūniā, nōn agrō.&lt;/ref&gt; solvĕrētur. an praetōriās cohortēs, quae bīnōs dēnāriōs accēperint, quae post sēdecim annōs penātibus suīs reddantur, plūs perīculōrum suscipere? nōn obtrectārī ā sē urbānās excubiās: sibi&lt;ref&gt;datīvus agentis.&lt;/ref&gt; tamen apud horridās gentēs ē contuberniīs hostem aspicī.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_17_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 17]]</text>
      <sha1>et7nu0x32olxyqw09lqzgdfto7z86pi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XVIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2213</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6347</id>
      <parentid>6265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:49:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1392" xml:space="preserve">=XVIII=

Adstrepēbat vulgus, dīversīs incitāmentīs, hī verberum nŏtās, illī cānitiem, plūrimī dētrīta&lt;ref&gt;''dēterō -trīvī -trītum 2.''&lt;/ref&gt; tegmina&lt;ref&gt;''teg(i)men -inis n:'' vestīmentum.&lt;/ref&gt; et nūdum corpus exprobrantēs. postrēmō eō fŭrōris vēnēre, ut trēs legiōnēs miscēre in ūnam agitāverint. dēpulsī aemulātiōne, quia suae quisque legiōnī eum honōrem&lt;ref&gt;honōrem: nōn dissolvī, sed mīlitēs aliārum duārum legiōnum accipere et augērī.&lt;/ref&gt; quaerēbant, aliō vertunt atque ūnā trēs aquilās et signa cohortium locant; simul congerunt caespitēs&lt;ref&gt;''caespes -itis m:'' “terra in modum lateris caesa cum herbā.”&lt;/ref&gt;, exstruunt tribūnal, quō magis cōnspicua sēdēs foret. properantibus&lt;ref&gt;vel datīvus vel ablātīvus absolūtus.&lt;/ref&gt; Blaesus advēnit, increpābatque ac retinēbat singulōs, clāmitāns ‘meā potius caede imbuite manūs: leviōre flāgitiō&lt;ref&gt;= levius flāgitium erit, sī...&lt;/ref&gt; lēgātum interficiētis quam ab imperātōre dēscīscitis. aut incolumis fīdem legiōnum retinēbō, aut iugulātus paenitentiam adcelerābō.’

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_18_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 18]]</text>
      <sha1>rx162xip2jc0h1l8sss9w0h23dk9x53</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XIX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2214</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6348</id>
      <parentid>6290</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:50:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1394" xml:space="preserve">=XIX=

Aggerābātur nihilō minus caespēs iamque pectorī usque adcrēverat, cum tandem pervicāciā&lt;ref&gt;pervicāciā ''Blaesī'', scīlicet.&lt;/ref&gt; victī inceptum omīsēre. Blaesus multā dīcendī arte nōn per sēditiōnem et turbās dēsīderia mīlitum ad Caesarem ferenda ait, neque veterēs&lt;ref&gt;veterēs ''mīlitēs''.&lt;/ref&gt; ab imperātōribus prīscīs neque ipsōs ā dīvō Augustō tam nova petīvisse; et parum in tempore incipientēs prīncipis cūrās onerārī. sī tamen tendĕrent in pāce temptāre quae nē cīvīlium quidem bellōrum victōrēs expostulāverint, cūr contrā mōrem obsequiī, contrā fās disciplīnae vim meditentur? dēcernerent lēgātōs sēque cōram mandāta darent. adclāmāvēre ut fīlius Blaesī tribūnus lēgātiōne eā fungerētur peteretque mīlitibus missiōnem ab sēdecim annīs: cētera mandātūrōs, ubi prīma prōvēnissent. profectō&lt;ref&gt;''proficīscor -fectus sum dep. 3:'' abīre.&lt;/ref&gt; iuvene mŏdicum ōtium: sed superbīre mīlĕs, quod fīlius lēgātī ōrātor pūblicae causae satis ostenderet necessitāte expressa quae per modestiam nōn obtinuissent. 

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_19_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 19]]</text>
      <sha1>jnsd7ppdhewk3mfdnu7kte7jbgb4rgs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2215</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6349</id>
      <parentid>6174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:50:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1330" xml:space="preserve">=XX=

Intereā manipulī ante coeptam sēditiōnem Nauportum missī ob itinera et pontēs et aliōs ūsūs&lt;ref&gt;manipulī, quī, antequam sēditiō coeperat, Nauportum missī sunt, ut viās mūnīrent et pontēs facerent et aliīs mūneribus fungerentur.&lt;/ref&gt;, postquam turbātum in castrīs accēpēre&lt;ref&gt;postquam nūntium sēditiōnis accēpērunt.&lt;/ref&gt;, vēxilla convellunt dīreptīsque proximīs vīcīs ipsōque Nauportō, quod mūnicipiī īnstar erat, retinentīs centŭriōnēs inrīsū et contumēliīs, postrēmō verberibus īnsectantur, praecipuā in Aufidiēnum Rūfum praefectum castrōrum īrā, quem dēreptum vehiculō sarcĭnīs gravant aguntque prīmō in agmine, per lūdibrium rogitantēs an tam immēnsa onera, tam longa itinera libenter ferret. quippe Rūfus diū manipulāris&lt;ref&gt;= gregārius (mīles).&lt;/ref&gt;, dein centuriō, mox castrīs praefectus, antīquam dūramque mīlitiam revocābat, vetus&lt;ref&gt;''vetus alicuius reī:'' perītus alicuius reī, callidus in aliquā rē.&lt;/ref&gt; operis ac labōris et eō inmītior, quia tolerāverat.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_20_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 20]]</text>
      <sha1>0q6sfntmtpbf9mml28hzpgg8dao3zfk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6350</id>
      <parentid>6268</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1865" xml:space="preserve">=XXI=

Hōrum adventū redintegrātur sēditiō, et văgī&lt;ref&gt;''vagus -a -um:'' vagāns, vagābundus, obambulāns, palāns, errāns.&lt;/ref&gt; circumiecta populābantur&lt;ref&gt;''populor -ātus sum dep 1:'' praedārī, dīripere, expīlāre, spoliāre.&lt;/ref&gt;. Blaesus paucōs, maximē praedā onustōs, ad terrōrem cēterōrum adficī verberibus, claudī carcere iubet; nam etiam tum lēgātō&lt;ref&gt;datīvus.&lt;/ref&gt; ā centuriōnibus et optimō quōque manipulārium pārēbātur&lt;ref&gt;''pāreō -uī (pāritūrus) 2 alicui:'' praestāre, praestō adesse, oboedīre.&lt;/ref&gt;. illī obnītī&lt;ref&gt;īnfīnītīvus historicus: ''nītor nīsus sum dep 3 aliquā rē:'' reluctārī, resistere, repugnāre.&lt;/ref&gt; trahentibus, prēnsāre circumstantium gĕnua, ciēre mŏdŏ nōmina singulōrum, modo centŭriam quisque cuius manipulāris erat&lt;ref&gt;quisque ciēbat ''eam'' centuriam, cuius manipulāris (= mīles) erat.&lt;/ref&gt;, cohortem, legiōnem, eădem&lt;ref&gt;''eadem:'' adficī verberibus, claudī carcere.&lt;/ref&gt; omnibus inminēre clāmitantēs. simul prŏbra in lēgātum cumulant&lt;ref&gt;''cumulant, obtestantur, faciunt:'' praesēns historicum.&lt;/ref&gt;, caelum ac deōs obtestantur, nihil reliquī faciunt&lt;ref&gt;''nihil reliquī (gēn.) facere:'' nihil praeterīre, nihil neglegere, nihil omittere.&lt;/ref&gt; quōminus&lt;ref&gt;= quīn.&lt;/ref&gt; invidiam misericordiam metum et īrās permovērent.&lt;ref&gt;omnibus vīribus contendēbant, ut invidiam et cētera in animīs aliōrum mīlitum excitārent.&lt;/ref&gt; adcurritur ab ūniversīs, et carcere effrāctō solvunt vincula dēsertōrēsque ac rērum capitālium damnātōs sibi iam miscent.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_21_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 21]]</text>
      <sha1>mpp3c7zmyhgdban9bwzbyot4if5zrnv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2217</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6351</id>
      <parentid>6190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1858" xml:space="preserve">=XXII=

Flagrantior inde vīs, plūrēs sēditiōnī ducēs. et Vibulēnus quīdam gregārius mīles, ante tribūnal Blaesī adlevātus circumstantium umerīs, apud turbātōs et quid parāret intentōs&lt;ref&gt;= intentē observantēs quid parāret.&lt;/ref&gt; ‘vōs quidem’ inquit ‘hīs innocentibus et miserrimīs&lt;ref&gt;''hīs ... miserrimīs:'' iīs, quōs Blaesus carcere claudī iusserat.&lt;/ref&gt; lūcem et spīritum reddidistis: sed quis frātrī meō vītam, quis frātrem mihi reddit? quem missum ad vōs ā Germānicō exercitū dē commūnibus commodīs nocte proximā iugulāvit per gladiātōrēs suōs&lt;ref&gt;Blaesus iussisset gladiātōrēs suōs, ut frātrem iugulārent.&lt;/ref&gt;, quōs in exitium mīlitum habet atque armat&lt;ref&gt;Blaesus armāvisset gladiātōrēs suōs eā causā, ut mīlitēs interficerent.&lt;/ref&gt;. respondē, Blaese, ubi cadāver&lt;ref&gt;''cadāver -eris n:'' corpus mortuum.&lt;/ref&gt; abiēcerīs: nē hostēs quidem sepultūrā invident&lt;ref&gt;''invideō -vīdī -vīsum 2 alicui in aliquā rē'' vel (ut hīc) ''aliquā rē'' vel interdum (apud poētās) ''alicuius rei''.&lt;/ref&gt;. cum ōsculīs, cum lacrimīs&lt;ref&gt;= cum implēverō dolōrem ōsculīs lacrimīsque. (''cum ... cum:'' coniūnctiōnēs temporālēs. ''ōsculīs ... lacrimīs:'' ablātīvī īnstrumentālēs.)&lt;/ref&gt; dolōrem meum implēverō, mē quoque trucīdārī iubē, dum interfectōs&lt;ref&gt;''interfectōs:'' mē (Vibulēnum) et frātrum meum.&lt;/ref&gt; nūllum ob scelus, sed quia ūtilitātī legiōnum cōnsulēbāmus, hī&lt;ref&gt;''hī:'' circumstantēs mīlitēs (quōs nūper adlocūtus erat.)&lt;/ref&gt; sepeliant.’

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_22_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 22]]</text>
      <sha1>9h3elk0gelfnvu8vr6luezaugzi748z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2218</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6352</id>
      <parentid>6237</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1890" xml:space="preserve">=XXIII=

Incendēbat haec flētū et pectus atque ōs manibus verberāns. mox disiectīs&lt;ref&gt;disiectīs ''iīs'': ablātīvus absolūtus.&lt;/ref&gt; quōrum per umerōs sustinēbātur, praeceps et singulōrum pedibus advolūtus tantum cōnsternātiōnis invidiaeque concīvit, ut pars mīlitum gladiātōrēs quī ē servitiō Blaesī erant, pars cēteram eiusdem familiam vincīrent, aliī ad quaerendum corpus effunderentur. ac nī properē neque corpus ūllum reperīrī, et servōs adhibitīs crŭciātibus abnuĕre caedem, neque illī&lt;ref&gt;= Vibulēnō.&lt;/ref&gt; fuisse umquam frātrem pernōtuisset&lt;ref&gt;''pernōtēscō -nōtuī — 3:'' ubīque nōtus fierī. (verbum impersōnāle!)&lt;/ref&gt;, haud multum ab exitiō lēgātī aberant. tribūnōs tamen ac praefectum castrōrum extrūsēre, sarcĭnae fugientium dīreptae, et centuriō Lūcīlius interficitur, cui mīlitāribus facētiīs vocābulum ‘cĕdō&lt;ref&gt;''cedō'', interiectiō: dā mihi!&lt;/ref&gt; alteram’ indiderant, quia frāctā vīte&lt;ref&gt;''vītis -is f:'' baculum.&lt;/ref&gt; in tergō mīlitis alteram clārā vōce ac rūrsus aliam poscēbat. cēterōs latebrae tēxēre&lt;ref&gt;= cēterī sē occultāvērunt.&lt;/ref&gt;, ūnō retentō Clēmente Iūliō, quī perferendīs mīlitum mandātīs habēbātur idōneus ob prōmptum ingenium. quīn&lt;ref&gt;= etiam.&lt;/ref&gt; ipsae inter sē legiōnēs octāva et quīnta decuma ferrum parābant, dum centŭriōnem cognōmentō Sirpicum illa&lt;ref&gt;= legiō octāva.&lt;/ref&gt; mortī dēposcit, quīntadecumānī tuentur, nī mīles nōnānus precēs et adversum aspernantīs mĭnās&lt;ref&gt;''minae -ārum fpl:'' verba minantia.&lt;/ref&gt; interiēcisset.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_23_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 23]]</text>
      <sha1>370smxjh24p7bhmamnoa0sjosfc8lq3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXIV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2219</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6353</id>
      <parentid>6192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1765" xml:space="preserve">=XXIV=

Haec audīta&lt;ref&gt;haec audīta (= nūntia sēditiōnis) ... Tiberium perpulērunt ...&lt;/ref&gt; quamquam abstrūsum&lt;ref&gt;''abstrūdō -sī -sum 3:'' abdere, condere, occultāre. ''abstrūsus -a -um:'' tacitus, quī nōn patefacit animī mōtūs et cōgitāta sua.&lt;/ref&gt; et trīstissima quaeque maximē occultantem Tiberium perpulēre ut Drūsum fīlium cum prīmōribus cīvitātis duābusque praetōriīs cohortibus mitteret, nūllīs satis certīs mandātīs, ex rē cōnsultūrum. et cohortēs dēlēctō mīlite&lt;ref&gt;ex aliīs cohortibus.&lt;/ref&gt; suprā solĭtum fīrmātae. additur magna pars praetōriānī equitis et rōbora Germānōrum, quī tum cūstōdēs imperātōrī aderant; simul praetōriī praefectus Aelius Seiānus, collēga Strabōnī patrī suō datus&lt;ref&gt;''collēga datus patrī suō:'' et Strabō et Seiānus, fīlius eius, praetōriārum cohortium praefectī erant. dē Seiō Strabōne, vidē [[../VII/]].&lt;/ref&gt;, magnā apud Tiberium auctōritāte, rēctor iuvenī et cēterīs perīculōrum praemiōrumque ostentātor&lt;ref&gt;''perīculōrum praemiōrumque ostentātor:'' ...&lt;/ref&gt;. Drūsō propinquantī quasi per officium&lt;ref&gt;''officium -ī n:'' salūtātiō, honor. ''quasi per officium:'' velut Drūsum salūtātūrī vel honōre adfictūrī essent.&lt;/ref&gt; obviae fuēre&lt;ref&gt;''obviae esse vel īre alicui.''&lt;/ref&gt; legiōnēs, nōn laetae, ut adsolet, neque īnsignibus fulgentēs, sed inlŭviē dēfōrmī et vultū, quamquam maestitiam imitārentur, contumāciae propiōrēs.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_24_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 24]]</text>
      <sha1>7wuarbp8gcisn5katizpg9tv4ngmy9c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2221</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6354</id>
      <parentid>6219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1487" xml:space="preserve">=XXV=

Postquam vallum intrŏiit, portās statiōnibus fīrmant&lt;ref&gt;postquam Drūsus (cum paucīs comitibus) introiit, castrōrum legiōnes portās fīrmāvit, nē maior pars Drūsī manūs introīret.&lt;/ref&gt;, glŏbōs armātōrum certīs castrōrum locīs opperīrī iubent: cēterī tribūnal ingentī agmine circumveniunt. stābat Drūsus silentium manū poscēns. illī quotiēns oculōs ad multitūdinem rettulerant, vōcibus truculentīs strĕpĕre, rūrsum vīsō Caesare trepidāre; murmur incertum, atrōx clāmor et repentĕ quiēs; dīversīs animōrum mōtibus pavēbant terrēbantque&lt;ref&gt;interdum ''ipsī'' pavēbant, interdum ''aliōs'' terrēbant.&lt;/ref&gt;. tandem interruptō tumultū litterās patris recitat, in quīs perscrīptum erat, praecipuam ipsī fortissimārum legiōnum cūram, quibuscum plūrima bella tolerāvisset; ubi prīmum ā lūctū requiēsset animus, āctūrum apud patrēs dē postulātīs eōrum; mīsisse interim fīlium, ut sine cūnctātiōne concēderet quae statim tribuī possent; cētera senātuī servanda, quem neque grātiae neque sevēritātis expertem habērī pār esset.&lt;ref&gt;nōn decēbat oblīvīscī senātum et praemia et poenās tribuendī auctōritātem habēre.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_25_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 25]]</text>
      <sha1>nyuh33zf1b7kfrurddd845l9x0yk7rk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXVI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2222</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6425</id>
      <parentid>6355</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-02T10:44:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1654" xml:space="preserve">=XXVI=

Respōnsum est ā contiōne, mandāta Clēmentī centuriōnī quae perferret. is ōrditur dē missiōne ā sēdecim annīs, dē praemiīs fīnītae mīlitiae, ut dēnārius diurnum stīpendium foret, nē veterānī sub vēxillō habērentur. ad ea Drūsus cum arbitrium senātūs et patris obtenderet&lt;ref&gt;''obtendō -tendī -tentum 3:'' obtentuī sūmere. cum Drusus negāret sē ea, quae Clēmēns postulāvisset, mīlitibus tribuere posse, quia arbitrium apud senātum et patrum esset, ...&lt;/ref&gt;, clāmōre&lt;ref&gt;clāmant: “cūr vēnistī, Drūse...?” et cētera.&lt;/ref&gt; turbātur. cūr vēnisset neque augendīs&lt;ref&gt;augendīs, adlevandīs: dātīvī fīnālēs.&lt;/ref&gt; mīlitum stīpendiīs neque adlevandīs labōribus, dēnique nūllā bene faciendī licentiā&lt;ref&gt;licentiā: ablātīvus modī, vel quālitātis.&lt;/ref&gt;? at hercule verbera et necem cūnctīs permittī&lt;ref&gt;īnfīnītīvus historicus, verbum inpersōnāle: permittitur cūnctīs praefectīs verbera et necem mīlitibus tribuere.&lt;/ref&gt;. Tiberium ōlim nōmine Augustī dēsīderia legiōnum frūstrārī solitum: eāsdem artēs Drūsum rettulisse. numquamne ad sē nisi fīliōs familiārum ventūrōs? novum id plānē quod imperātor sōla mīlitis commoda ad senātum reiciat. eundem ergō senātum cōnsulendum, quotiēns supplicia aut proelia indicantur: an praemia sub dominīs, poenās sine arbitrō esse?

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_26_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 26]]</text>
      <sha1>c467m13qpvaltjby94hcgeo2h9qm11r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXVII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2223</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6356</id>
      <parentid>6254</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1290" xml:space="preserve">=XXVII=

Postrēmō dēserunt tribūnal, ut quis praetōriānōrum mīlitum amīcōrumve Caesaris&lt;ref&gt;= Drūsī.&lt;/ref&gt; occurreret, manūs intentantēs, causam discordiae&lt;ref&gt;''causam discordiae:'' manūs intentāre (= mināns porrigere, ostendere).&lt;/ref&gt; et initium armōrum, maximē īnfēnsī&lt;ref&gt;''īnfēnsus -a -um alicui.''&lt;/ref&gt; Cn. Lentulō, quod is ante aliōs aetāte et glōriā bellī fīrmāre Drūsum crēdēbātur et illa mīlitiae flāgitia prīmus āspernārī&lt;ref&gt;''āspernor -ātus sum dep 1:'' dēspicere, contemnere.&lt;/ref&gt;. nec multō post dīgredientem cum Caesare ac prōvīsū perīculī hīberna castra repetentem&lt;ref&gt;''prōvīsū perīculī:'' ablātīvus causae. hīberna castra repetēbat, quia prōvīderat perīculum.&lt;/ref&gt; circumsistunt, rogitantēs quō pergeret, ad imperātōrem an ad patrēs, ut illīc quoque commodīs legiōnum adversārētur; simul ingruunt, saxa iaciunt. iamque lapidis ictū cruentus et exitiī certus adcursū multitūdinis quae cum Drūsō advēnerat prōtēctus est.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_27_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 27]]</text>
      <sha1>iqwg9ab5ueifjjpwsbhif63tzbyo4dj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXVIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2224</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6357</id>
      <parentid>6291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:51:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2061" xml:space="preserve">=XXVIII=

Noctem minācem et in scelus ēruptūram fors lēnīvit: nam lūna clārō repente caelō vīsa languēscere. id mīles ratiōnis ignārus ōmen praesentium accēpit, suīs labōribus dēfectiōnem sīderis adsimulāns, prōsperēque cessūra quā pergerent, sī fulgor et clāritūdō deae redderētur. igitur aeris sonō, tŭbārum cornuumque concentū strepere; prŏut splendĭdior obscūriorve, laetārī aut maerēre; et postquam ortae nūbēs offēcēre vīsuī crēditumque condĭtam tenebrīs, ut sunt mōbilēs ad superstitiōnem perculsae semel mentēs, sibi aeternum labōrem portendī, sua facinora āversārī&lt;ref&gt;''āversor -ātus sum dep 1:'' dētestārī, ōdisse.&lt;/ref&gt; deōs lāmentantur. ūtendum inclīnātiōne eā Caesar et quae cāsus obtulerat in sapientiam vertenda ratus&lt;ref&gt;''reor ratus sum dep 2:'' ratiōcinārī, putāre, cōgitāre.&lt;/ref&gt; circumīrī tentōria iubet; accītur centuriō Clēmēns et sī aliī bonīs artibus grātī in vulgus. hī vigiliīs, statiōnibus, cūstōdiīs portārum sē īnsĕrunt, spem offerunt, metum intendunt. ‘quousque fīlium imperātōris obsidēbimus? quis certāminum fīnis? Percenniōne et Vibulēnō sacrāmentum dictūrī sumus? Percennius et Vibulēnus stīpendia mīlitibus, agrōs ēmeritīs largientur? dēnique prō Nerōnibus et Drūsīs imperium populī Rōmānī capessent? quīn potius, ut novissimī in culpam, ita prīmī ad paenitentiam sumus? tarda sunt quae in commūne expostulantur: prīvātam grātiam statim mereāre, statim recipiās.’ commōtīs per haec mentibus et inter sē suspectīs, tīrōnem ā veterānō, legiōnem ā legiōne dissociant. tum redīre paulātim amor obsequiī: omittunt portās, signa ūnum in locum prīncipiō sēditiōnis congregāta suās in sēdēs referunt.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_28_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 28]]</text>
      <sha1>8gykzxtke5homvbkai69yriunq6eqru</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXIX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2225</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6358</id>
      <parentid>6305</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:52:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1734" xml:space="preserve">=XXIX=

Drūsus ortō diē et vocātā contiōne, quamquam rŭdis dīcendī, nōbilitāte ingenĭtā incūsat priōra, prŏbat praesentia; negat sē terrōre et mĭnīs vincī: flexōs ad modestiam sī videat, sī supplicēs audiat, scrīptūrum patrī ut plācātus legiōnum precēs exciperet. ōrantibus&lt;ref&gt;ōrantibus ''iīs'': ablātīvus absolūtus.&lt;/ref&gt; rūrsum īdem Blaesus&lt;ref&gt;is tribūnus, fīlius Iūnī Blaesī, quī et [[../XIX/|anteā]] lēgātiōne fūnctus erat.&lt;/ref&gt; et L. Apōnius, equĕs Rōmānus ē cohorte Drūsī, Iūstusque Catōnius, prīmī ōrdinis centuriō, ad Tiberium mittuntur. certātum&lt;ref&gt;apud cōnsultōrēs Drūsī.&lt;/ref&gt; inde sententiīs, cum aliī opperiendōs&lt;ref&gt;''opperior oppertus sum dep 4:'' exspectāre. (nē cōnfundās cum hōc verbō: ''operiō -uī -tum 4:'' cēlāre, tegere.)&lt;/ref&gt; lēgātōs atque interim cōmitāte permulcendum mīlitem cēnsērent, aliī fortiōribus remediīs agendum: nihil in vulgō mŏdicum; terrēre, nī paveant; ubi pertimuĕrint, inpūnĕ contemnī: dum superstitiō urgeat, adiciendōs ex dŭce metūs sublātīs&lt;ref&gt;''tollō sustulī sublātum 3:'' levāre; submovēre; necāre.&lt;/ref&gt; sēditiōnis auctōribus. prōmptum ad asperiōra ingenium Drūsō erat: vocātōs Vibulēnum et Percennium interficī iubet. trādunt plērīque intrā tabernāculum ducis obrŭtōs&lt;ref&gt;''obruō -ruī -rŭtum 3:'' tegere, hŭmāre, sĕpelīre.&lt;/ref&gt;, aliī corpora extrā vallum abiecta ostentuī.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_29_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 29]]</text>
      <sha1>mxeuozf51jll5j8x6xx972unn4ubuqp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2226</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6359</id>
      <parentid>6285</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:52:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1280" xml:space="preserve">=XXX=

Tum ut quisque praecipuus turbātor conquīsītī, et pars, extrā castra pālantēs, ā centuriōnibus aut praetōriārum cohortium mīlitibus caesī; quōsdam ipsī manipulī documentum fideī trādidēre. auxerat mīlitum cūrās praemātūra hiems imbribus continuīs adeōque saevīs, ut nōn ēgredī tentōria, congregārī inter sē, vix tūtārī signa possent&lt;ref&gt;''tūtārī:'' nē caderent.&lt;/ref&gt;, quae turbĭne atque undā raptābantur. dūrābat et formīdō caelestis īrae, nec frūstrā adversus impiōs hebēscere sīdera, ruĕre tempestātēs: nōn aliud malōrum levāmentum quam sī linquerent castra īnfausta temerātaque et solūtī piāculō suīs quisque hībernīs redderentur. prīmum octāva, dein quīnta decuma legiō rediēre: nōnānus opperiendās Tiberiī epistulās clāmitāverat, mox dēsōlātus aliōrum discessiōne inminentem necessitātem spontĕ praevēnit. et Drūsus nōn exspectātō lēgātōrum regressū, quia praesentia satis cōnsēderant, in urbem rediit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_30_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 30]]</text>
      <sha1>oc38nl5kqx5xq6oaxckydtq47wmovvn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/simulac</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2228</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6230</id>
      <parentid>6228</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-06-03T13:11:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="701" xml:space="preserve">'''simulac''' est coniunctio quae [[Grammatica Latina/Modus indicativus|modum indicativum]] regnat.
 
;Autem cum [[Grammatica Latina/Modus coniunctivus|modo coniunctivo]]:

*Cui enim pollicitus sum, argentum ex. gr., quod mihi secreto servandum dedit, custodire, fidem praestare non teneor, [[:wikt:simulac|simulac]] [[:wikt:nosco|noverim]], aut scire [[:wikt:credo|crediderim]], furtum esse, quod mihi servandum dedit sed rectius agam, si dem operam, ut suis restituatur. [[Grammatica Latina/Benedictus de Spinoza|Benedictus de Spinoza]] [[Grammatica Latina/Tractatus Politicus|Tractatus Politicus]]

[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Simulac]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Simulac]]</text>
      <sha1>gnqbpzh06ic6x1k8le5igp8o71i8rzk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2229</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6442</id>
      <parentid>6434</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:54:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2601" xml:space="preserve">=XXXI=

Īsdem fermē diēbus īsdem causīs Germānicae legiōnēs turbātae, quantō plūrēs&lt;ref&gt;Germānicae legiōnes octō fuērunt.&lt;/ref&gt;, tantō violentius, et magnā spē&lt;ref&gt;ablātīvus causae.&lt;/ref&gt; fore ut Germānicus Caesar imperium alterīus&lt;ref&gt;= Tiberiī.&lt;/ref&gt; patī nequīret daretque sē legiōnibus vī suā cūncta tractūrīs. duo apud rīpam Rhēnī exercitūs erant: cui nōmen superiōrī&lt;ref&gt;ea legiō, quae “superior” appellābātur, sub Sīliō erat. (sī aliquis Gaius appellātur, id dīversīs modīs dīcī potest: 1: “nōmen alicui est Gāius.” 2: “nōmen alicuius est Gāī.” 3: “nōmen alicui est Gāiō.”)&lt;/ref&gt;, sub C. Sīliō lēgātō, īnferiōrem A. Caecīna cūrābat. rĕgĭmen summae reī pĕnĕs&lt;ref&gt;= apud.&lt;/ref&gt; Germānicum, agendō Galliārum cēnsuī&lt;ref&gt;''cēnsum agere:'' tribūta impōnere vel colligere.&lt;/ref&gt; tum intentum. sed quibus Sīlius moderābātur&lt;ref&gt;''moderor -ātus sum dep. 1 alicui [reī]:'' coercēre, cohibere, restringere aliquem vel aliquod.&lt;/ref&gt;, mente ambiguā fortūnam sēditiōnis aliēnae&lt;ref&gt;ea sēditiō, quae apud īnferiōrem Germanicum exercitum orta erat.&lt;/ref&gt; speculābantur: īnferiōris exercitūs mīles in rabiem prōlāpsus est, ortō ab ūnetvīcēnsimānīs quīntānīsque initiō, et trāctīs prīmā quoque ac vīcēnsimā legiōnibus: nam īsdem aestīvīs&lt;ref&gt;''castrīs'' aestīvīs.&lt;/ref&gt; in fīnibus Ūbiōrum habēbantur per ōtium aut levia mūnia. igitur audītō fīne Augustī vernācula&lt;ref&gt;''vernācula:'' sīc appellāta, quia plērīque tīrōnēs lībertī vel servī fuerant, quī lībertātem et cīvitātem adeptī essent, cum in legiōnem cōnscrīberentur.&lt;/ref&gt; multitūdō, nūper āctō in urbe dīlēctū, lāscīviae suēta, labōrum intolerāns, implēre cēterōrum rudēs animōs: vēnisse tempus quō veterānī mātūram missiōnem, iuvenēs largiōra stīpendia, cūnctī modum miseriārum exposcerent saevitiamque centuriōnum ulcīscerentur. nōn ūnus haec&lt;ref&gt;nōn ūnus haec ''dīcēbat''.&lt;/ref&gt;, ut Pannonicās inter legiōnēs Percennius, nec apud trepidās mīlitum aurēs, aliōs validiōrēs exercitūs respicientium, sed multa sēditiōnis ōra vōcēsque: suā in manū sĭtam rem Rōmānam, suīs victōriīs augērī rem pūblicam, in suum cognōmentum adscīscī imperātōrēs.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_31_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 31]]</text>
      <sha1>q1gsk9uydoaxccrxcn3xkr15lkrt2an</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2230</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6443</id>
      <parentid>6436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:54:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1944" xml:space="preserve">=XXXII=

Nec lēgātus obviam ībat&lt;ref&gt;''obviam īre:'' resistere, adversārī ([[../XVIII/|ut Blaesus fēcisset]]).&lt;/ref&gt;: quippe plūrium vaecordia cōnstantiam&lt;ref&gt;cōnstantiam ''lēgātī''.&lt;/ref&gt; exēmerat. repentĕ lymphātī dēstrĭctīs gladiīs in centuriōnēs invādunt: ea vetustissima mīlitāribus odiīs māteriēs et saeviendī prīncipium. prōstrātōs verberibus mulcant, sexāgēnīs singulōs, ut numerum centuriōnum adaequārent: tum convulsōs laniātōsque et partim exanimōs ante vallum aut in amnem Rhēnum prōiciunt. Septĭmius&lt;ref&gt;centuriō quīdam.&lt;/ref&gt; cum perfūgisset ad tribūnal pedibusque Caecīnae advolverētur, eō usque flāgitātus&lt;ref&gt;''flāgitō -āvī -ātum 1:'' poscere. (nē cōnfundās cum hōc verbō: ''flăgellō -āvī -ātum 1:'' verberāre.)&lt;/ref&gt; est, dōnec ad exitium dēderētur. Cassius Chaerĕa, mox caede Gāī Caesaris&lt;ref&gt;= Calĭgulae imperātōris.&lt;/ref&gt; memoriam apud posterōs adeptus, tum adulēscēns et animī ferōx, inter obstantēs et armātōs ferrō viam patefēcit. nōn tribūnus ultrā, nōn castrōrum praefectus iūs obtinuit: vĭgiliās, statiōnēs, et sī quă alia praesēns ūsus indīxerat, ipsī partiēbantur. id mīlitārēs animōs altius coniectantibus&lt;ref&gt;datīvus.&lt;/ref&gt; praecipuum indicium magnī atque inplācābilis mōtūs, quod neque disiectī&lt;ref&gt;= sparsī.&lt;/ref&gt; aut paucōrum īnstīnctū, set pariter ardēscerent, pariter silērent, tantā aequālitāte et cōnstantiā, ut rĕgī crēderēs.&lt;ref&gt;id, quod velut ūnō animō agerent (adeō ut rĕgī crēderēs), praecipuum magnī atque inplācābilis mōtūs indicium erat iīs, quī animōs mīlitum coniectārent.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_32_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 32]]</text>
      <sha1>kmm4i5v5xmqey67rph6nosa6cqzsybl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2231</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6444</id>
      <parentid>6362</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:55:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1101" xml:space="preserve">=XXXIII=

Intereā Germānicō per Galliās, ut dīximus, cēnsūs accipientī excessisse Augustum adfertur. neptem eius Agrippīnam in mātrimōniō plūrēsque ex eā līberōs habēbat, ipse Drūsō frātre Tiberiī genitus, Augustae nepōs, set ānxius occultīs in sē patruī aviaeque odiīs, quōrum causae ācriōrēs, quia inīquae. quippe Drūsī magna apud populum Rōmānum memoria, crēdēbāturque, sī rērum potītus foret, lībertātem redditūrus; unde in Germānicum favor et spēs eadem. nam iuvenī cīvīle ingenium, mīra cōmitās et dīversa ab Tiberiī sermōne vultū, adrogantibus et obscūrīs. accēdēbant muliebrēs offēnsiōnēs novercālibus Liviae in Agrippīnam stimulīs, atque ipsa Agrippīna paulō commōtior, nisi quod castitāte et marītī amōre quamvīs indomitum animum in bonum vertēbat.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_33_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 33]]</text>
      <sha1>o38cx1kbmd5y3set55h9k5p3u1u2wfh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXIV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6445</id>
      <parentid>6363</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:56:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1301" xml:space="preserve">=XXXIV=

Sed Germānicus quantō summae speī propior, tantō impēnsius prō Tiberiō nītī, sēque et proximōs et Belgārum cīvitātēs in verba eius adĭgit. dehinc audītō legiōnum tumultū raptim profectus obviās extrā castra habuit, dēiectīs in terram oculīs velut paenitentiā. postquam vallum iniit, dissŏnī questūs audīrī coepēre. et quīdam prēnsā manū eius per speciem exōsculandī īnseruērunt digitōs, ut vacua dentibus ōra contingeret; aliī curvāta seniō membra ostendēbant. adsistentem contiōnem, quia permixta vidēbātur, discēdere in manipulōs iubet: sīc melius audītūrōs respōnsum; vēxilla praeferrī, ut id saltem discerneret cohortēs: tardē obtemperāvēre. tunc ā venerātiōne Augustī orsus flexit ad victōriās triumphōsque Tiberiī, praecipuīs laudibus celebrāns quae apud Germāniās illīs cum legiōnibus pulcherrima fēcisset. Italiae inde cōnsēnsum, Galliārum fidem extollit; nīl usquam turbĭdum aut discors. silentiō haec vel murmure modicō audīta sunt.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_34_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 34]]</text>
      <sha1>czwa82xkigmmz0obkpmb9m9dxv3q67h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6446</id>
      <parentid>6364</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:56:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1802" xml:space="preserve">=XXXV=

Ut sēditiōnem attĭgit, ubi modestia mīlitāris, ubi veteris disciplīnae decus, quōnam tribūnōs, quō centuriōnēs exēgissent, rogitāns, nūdant ūniversī corpora, cicātrīcēs ex vulneribus, verberum notās exprobrant; mox indiscrētīs vōcibus prĕtia vacātiōnum, angustiās stīpendiī, dūritiam operum ac propriīs nōminibus incūsant vallum, fossās, pābulī māteriae lignōrum adgestūs, et sī quă alia ex necessitāte aut adversus ōtium castrōrum quaeruntur. atrōcissimus veterānōrum clāmor oriēbātur, quī trīcēna aut suprā stīpendia nŭmerantēs, mederētur fessīs, neu mortem in īsdem labōribus, sed fīnem tam exercitae mīlitiae neque inŏpem rĕquiem ōrābant. fuēre etiam quī lēgātam ā dīvō Augustō pecūniam reposcerent, faustīs in Germānicum ōminibus; et sī vellet imperium, prōmptās ''rēs'' ostentāvēre. tum vērō, quăsĭ scelere contāminārētur, praeceps tribūnālī dēsiluit. opposuērunt abeuntī arma, minitantēs, nī regrederētur; at ille moritūrum potius quam fidem exuĕret clāmitāns, ferrum ā latĕre dīripuit ēlātumque dēferēbat in pectus, nī proximī prēnsam dextram vī adtinuissent. extrēma et conglobāta inter sē pars contiōnis ac, vix crēdĭbilĕ dictū, quīdam singulī propius incēdentēs, ferīret hortābantur; et mīles nōmine Calusĭdius strictum obtulit gladium, addĭtō acūtiōrem esse. saevum id malīque mōris etiam fŭrentibus vīsum, ac spatium fuit quō Caesar ab amīcīs in tabernāculum raperētur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_35_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 35]]</text>
      <sha1>0jwi9l2ff8ex7kvsr45s62l26xuvf7m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXVI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2237</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6447</id>
      <parentid>6365</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:57:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1165" xml:space="preserve">=XXXVI=

Cōnsultātum ibi dē remediō: etenim nūntiābātur parārī lēgātōs quī superiōrem exercitum ad causam eandem traherent: dēstinātum excidiō Ūbiōrum oppidum, imbūtāsque praedā manūs in dīreptiōnem Galliārum ēruptūrās. augēbat metum gnārus Rōmānae sēditiōnis et, sī omitterētur rīpa, invāsūrus hostis: at sī auxilia et sociī adversum abscēdentīs legiōnēs armārentur, cīvīle bellum suscipī. perīculōsa sĕvēritās, flāgitiōsa largītiō: seu nihil mīlitī sīve omnia concēderentur, in ancipitī rēs pūblica. igitur volūtātīs inter sē ratiōnibus plăcitum ut epistulae nōmine prīncipis scrīberentur: missiōnem dărī vīcēna stīpendia merĭtīs. exauctōrārī quī sēna dēna fēcissent ac retinērī sub vēxillō cēterōrum inmūnēs nisi prōpulsandī hostis&lt;!-- -īs? --&gt;, lēgāta quae petīverant exsolvī duplicārīque.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_36_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 36]]</text>
      <sha1>4c3ezah1oh5yiwiy0fsvr9eyv1ttbcj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXVII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6448</id>
      <parentid>6366</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:58:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" xml:space="preserve">=XXXVII=

Sēnsit mīles in tempus cōnficta statimque flāgitāvit. missiō per tribūnōs mātūrātur, largītiō differēbātur in hīberna cuiusque. nōn abscessēre quīntānī ūnetvīcēnsimānīque, dōnec īsdem in aestīvīs contracta ex viāticō amīcōrum ipsīusque Caesaris pecūnia persolverētur. prīmam ac vīcēnsimam legiōnēs Caecīna lēgātus in cīvitātem Ūbiōrum redūxit, turpī agmine, cum fiscī dē imperātōre raptī inter signa interque aquilās veherentur. Germānicus superiōrem ad exercitum profectus secundam et tertiam decumam et sextam decumam legiōnēs nihil cūnctātās sacrāmentō adigit. quārtadecumānī paulum dŭbitāverant: pecūnia et missiō quamvīs nōn flāgitantibus oblāta est.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_37_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 37]]</text>
      <sha1>593grwuey9w91cmlilq9prv2nwl6uxz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXVIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6449</id>
      <parentid>6441</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T22:59:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="919" xml:space="preserve">=XXXVIII=

At in Chaucīs coeptāvēre sēditiōnem praesidium agitantēs vēxillāriī discordium legiōnum et praesentī duōrum mīlitum suppliciō paulum repressī sunt. iusserat id M’. Ennius castrōrum praefectus, bonō magis exemplō quam concessō iūre. deinde intumēscente mōtū profugus repertusque, postquam intūtae latĕbrae, praesidium ab audāciā mūtuātur: nōn praefectum ab iīs, sed Germānicum ducem, sed Tiberium imperātōrem violārī. simul exterrĭtīs quī obstiterant, raptum vēxillum ad rīpam vertit, et sī quis agmine dēcessisset, prō dēsertōre fore clāmitāns, redūxit in hīberna turbĭdōs et nihil ausōs.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_38_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 38]]</text>
      <sha1>lpxjff3pvom4njdlo5s9hik6puiwcgb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XXXIX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6450</id>
      <parentid>6368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:00:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1956" xml:space="preserve">=XXXIX=

Intereā lēgātī ab senātū regressum iam apud āram Ūbiōrum Germānicum adeunt. duae ibi legiōnēs, prīma atque vīcēnsima, veterānīque nūper missī sub vēxillō hiemābant. pavidōs et cōnscientiā vaecordēs intrat metus, vēnisse patrum iussū quī inrĭta facerent quae per sēditiōnem expresserant. utque mōs vulgō quamvīs falsīs reum subdĕre, Mūnātium Plancum cōnsulātū fūnctum, prīncipem lēgātiōnis, auctōrem senātūs cōnsultī incūsant; et nocte concubiā vēxillum in domō Germānicī sĭtum flāgitāre occipiunt, concursūque ad iānuam factō mōliuntur fŏrēs, extractum cubīlī Caesarem trādere vēxillum intentō mortis metū subĭgunt. mox vagī per viās obviōs habuēre lēgātōs, audītā cōnsternātiōne ad Germānicum tendentēs. ingerunt contumēliās, caedem părant, Plancō maximē, quem dignitās fugā impedīverat; neque aliud perīclitantī subsidium quam castra prīmae legiōnis. illīc signa et aquilam amplexus religiōne sēsē tūtābātur, ac nī aquilifer Calpurnius vim extrēmam arcuisset, rārum etiam inter hostēs, lēgātus populī Rōmānī Rōmānīs in castrīs sanguine suō altāria deum commaculāvisset. lūce dēmum, postquam dux et mīles et facta nōscēbantur, ingressus castra Germānicus perdūcī ad sē Plancum imperat recēpitque in tribūnal. tum fātālem increpāns rabiem, neque mīlitum sed deum īrā resurgere, cūr vēnerint lēgātī aperit; iūs lēgātiōnis atque ipsīus Plancī gravem et inmeritum cāsum, simul quantum dēdecŏris adierit legiō, fācundē miserātur, attonĭtāque magis quam quiētā contiōne lēgātōs praesidiō auxiliārium equitum dīmittit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_39_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 39]]</text>
      <sha1>9b53c00vriaiijue99itc3bvhvn6rg4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XL</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6451</id>
      <parentid>6369</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:00:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1091" xml:space="preserve">=XL=

Eō in metū arguĕre&lt;!-- -ēre? --&gt; Germānicum omnēs, quod nōn ad superiōrem exercitum pergeret, ubi obsequia et contrā rebellīs auxilium: satis superque missiōne et pecūniā et mollibus cōnsultīs peccātum. vel sī vīlis ipsī salūs, cūr fīlium parvulum, cūr gravĭdam coniugem inter fŭrentēs et omnĭs hūmānī iūris violātōrēs habēret? illōs saltem avō et reī pūblicae redderet. diū cūnctātus aspernantem uxōrem, cum sē dīvō Augustō ortam neque dēgenerem ad perīcula testārētur, postrēmō ŭterum eius et commūnem fīlium multō cum flētū complexus, ut abīret perpulit. incēdēbat muliebre et miserābile agmen, prŏfuga dŭcis uxor, parvulum sĭnū fīlium gerēns, lāmentantēs circum amīcōrum coniugēs, quae simul trahēbantur, nec mĭnus trīstēs quī manēbant.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_40_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 40]]</text>
      <sha1>5eil2xhzq88ism53ebkvwhhj5xmzlj1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2242</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6452</id>
      <parentid>6370</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:02:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1236" xml:space="preserve">=XLI=

Nōn flōrentis Caesaris neque suīs in castrīs, set velut in urbe victā faciēs; gemitūsque ac plānctūs etiam mīlitum aurēs ōraque advertĕre: prōgrediuntur contuberniīs. quis ille flēbilis sŏnus? quod tam trīste? fēminās inlūstrēs, nōn centuriōnem ad tūtēlam, nōn mīlitem, nihil imperātōriae uxōris aut cŏmitātūs solĭtī: pergere ad Trēverōs [et] externae fideī. pudor inde et miserātiō et patris Agrippae, Augustī avī memoria, socer Drūsus, ipsă īnsignī fēcunditāte, praeclārā pudīcitiā; iam īnfāns in castrīs genitus, in contuberniō legiōnum ēductus, quem mīlitārī vocābulō Calĭgulam appellābant, quia plērumque ad concilianda vulgī studia eō tegmine pedum induēbātur. sed nihil aequē flexit quam invidia in Trēverōs: ōrant obsistunt, redīret manēret, pars Agrippīnae occursantēs, plūrimī ad Germānicum regressī. isque ut erat recēns dolōre et īrā, apud circumfūsōs ita coepit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_41_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 41]]</text>
      <sha1>2paxslajst0wejtmpyph1z1pxorjb9g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2243</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6453</id>
      <parentid>6413</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:03:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1827" xml:space="preserve">=XLII=

‘Nōn mihi uxor aut fīlius patre et rē pūblicā cāriōrēs sunt, sed illum quidem sua maiestās, impĕrium Rōmānum cēterī exercitūs dēfendent. coniugem et līberōs meōs, quōs prō glōriā vestrā libēns ad exitium offerrem, nunc procul ā furentibus summoveō, ut quidquid istud sceleris imminet, meō tantum sanguine piētur, nēve occīsus Augustī prŏnepōs, interfecta Tiberiī nŭrus nocentiōrēs vōs faciant. quid enim per hōs diēs inausum intemerātumve vōbīs? quod nōmen huic coetuī dăbō? mīlitēsne appellem, quī fīlium imperātōris vestrī vallō et armīs circumsēdistis? an cīvēs, quibus tam prōiecta senātūs auctōritās? hostium quoque iūs et sacra lēgātiōnis et fās gentium rūpistis. dīvus Iūlius sēditiōnem exercitūs verbō ūnō compēscuit, Quĭrītēs vocandō quī sacrāmentum eius dētrectābant: dīvus Augustus vultū et aspectū Actiăcās legiōnēs exterruit: nōs ut nōndum eōsdem, ita ex illīs ortōs sī Hispāniae Sŭriaeve mīles āspernārētur, tamen mīrum et indignum erat. prīmane et vīcēnsima legiōnēs, illa signīs ā Tiberiō acceptīs, tū tot proeliōrum socia, tot praemiīs aucta, ēgregiam ducī vestrō grātiam refertis? hunc ego nūntium patrī, laeta omnia aliīs ē prōvinciīs audientī, feram? ipsīus tīrōnēs, ipsīus veterānōs nōn missiōne, nōn pecūniā satiātōs; hīc tantum interficī centuriōnēs, ēicī tribūnōs, inclūdī lēgātōs, īnfectă sanguine castra, flūmina, mēque precāriam animam inter īnfēnsōs trahere.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_42_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 42]]</text>
      <sha1>47ftysw6qic7q2ubs38fl3ljsjg3mdc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6454</id>
      <parentid>6373</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:04:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1267" xml:space="preserve">=XLIII=

Cūr enim prīmō contiōnis diē ferrum illud, quod pectorī meō īnfīgere parābam, dētrāxistis, ō inprōvidī amīcī? melius et amantius ille quī gladium offerēbat. cecidissem certē nōndum tot flāgitiōrum exercituī meō cōnscius; lēgissētis ducem, quī meam quidem mortem inpūnītam sĭnĕret, Vārī tamen et trium legiōnum ulcīscerētur. neque enim dī sinant ut Belgārum quamquam offerentium decus istud et clāritūdō sit, subvēnisse Rōmānō nōminī, compressisse Germāniae populōs. tuă, dīve Auguste, caelō recepta mēns, tua, pater Drūse, imāgō, tuī memoria īsdem istīs cum mīlitibus, quōs iam pudor et glōria intrat, ēluant hanc maculam īrāsque cīvīlēs in exitium hostibus vertant. vōs quoque, quōrum alia nunc ōra, alia pectora contueor, sī lēgātōs senātuī, obsequium imperātōrī, sī mihi coniugem et fīlium redditis, discēdite ā contāctū ac dīvidite turbĭdōs: id stabĭle ad paenitentiam, id fideī vinculum erit.’

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_43_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 43]]</text>
      <sha1>dh3p7uhto4odqvm1mgvb7b1omn47ztr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLIV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2245</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6455</id>
      <parentid>6422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:05:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1751" xml:space="preserve">=XLIV=

Supplicēs ad haec et vēra exprobrārī fătentēs ōrābant pūnīret noxiōs, ignōsceret lāpsīs et dūceret in hostem: revocārētur coniūnx, redīret legiōnum alumnus nēve obsĕs&lt;!-- Furneaux: opses --&gt; Gallīs trāderētur. reditum Agrippīnae excūsāvit ob inminentem partum et hiemem; ventūrum fīlium: cētera ipsī exsequerentur. discurrunt mūtātī et sēditiōsissimum quemque vīnctōs trahunt ad lēgātum legiōnis prīmae C. Caetrōnium, quī iūdicium et poenās dē singulīs in hunc modum exercuit. stābant prō contiōne legiōnēs dēstrīctīs gladiīs; reus in suggestū per tribūnum ostendēbātur: sī nocentem adclāmāverant, praeceps datus trucīdābātur. et gaudēbat caedibus mīles, tamquam sēmet absolveret; nec Caesar arcēbat, quandō nūllō ipsīus iussū pĕnĕs eōsdem saevitia factī et invidia erat. secūtī exemplum veterānī haud multō post in Raetiam mittuntur, speciē dēfendendae prōvinciae ob imminentīs Suēbōs, cēterum ut āvellerentur castrīs trucibus adhūc nōn minus asperitāte remediī quam sceleris memoriā. centuriōnātum inde ēgit. citātus ab imperātōre nōmen, ōrdinem, patriam, numerum stīpendiōrum, quae strēnuē in proeliīs&lt;!-- Furneaux: praeliis (!) --&gt; fēcisset, et cui erant dōna mīlitāria, ēdēbat. sī tribūnī, sī legiō industriam innocentiamque adprobāverant, retinēbat ōrdinem: ubi avāritiam aut crūdēlitātem cōnsēnsū obiectāvissent, solvēbātur mīlitiā.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_44_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 44]]</text>
      <sha1>3eavhwl06tt7vnp26mt11e6misfsa7d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2246</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6456</id>
      <parentid>6375</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:06:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="743" xml:space="preserve">=XLV=

Sīc compositīs praesentibus haud minor mōlēs supererat ob ferōciam quīntae et ūnetvīcēnsimae legiōnum, sexāgēnsimum apud lapidem (locō Vetera nōmen est) hībernantium. nam prīmī sēditiōnem coeptāverant: atrōcissimum quodque facinus hōrum manibus patrātum; nec poenā commīlitōnum exterritī nec paenitentiā conversī īrās retinēbant. igitur Caesar arma classem sociōs dēmittere Rhēnō parat, sī imperium dētrectētur, bellō certātūrus.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_45_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 45]]</text>
      <sha1>cyof2vl2ks853kg7tebj63rybmublnc</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLVI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2247</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6457</id>
      <parentid>6376</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:07:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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At Rōmae nōndum cognitō, quī fuisset exitus in Illyricō, et legiōnum Germānicārum mōtū audītō, trepida cīvitās incūsāre Tiberium quod, dum patrēs et plēbem, invalidă et inermiă, cūnctātiōne fictā lūdificētur, dissideat interim mīles neque duōrum adulēscentium nōndum adultā auctōritāte comprimī queat. īre ipsum et oppōnere maiestātem imperātōriam dēbuisse cessūrīs, ubi prīncipem longā experientiā eundemque sevēritātis et mūnificentiae summum vīdissent. an Augustum fessā aetāte totiēns in Germāniās commeāre potuisse: Tiberium vigentem annīs sedēre in senātū, verba patrum cavillantem? satis prōspectum urbānae servitūtī: mīlitāribus animīs adhibenda fōmenta, ut ferre pācem velint.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_46_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 46]]</text>
      <sha1>30y85rr4fkfty7ebwepbhs1zbvwml6c</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLVII</title>
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        <id>111</id>
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Inmōtum adversus eōs sermōnēs fīxumque Tiberiō fuit nōn omittere caput rērum neque sē remque pūblicam in cāsum dare. multa quippe et dīversa angēbant: validior per Germāniam exercitus, propior apud Pannŏniam; ille Galliārum opibus subnīxus, hic Italiae inminēns: quōs igitur anteferret? ac nē postpositī contumēliā incenderentur. at per fīliōs pariter adīrī maiestāte salvā, cui maior ē longinquō reverentia. simul adulēscentibus excūsātum quaedam ad patrem reicere, resistentīsque Germānicō aut Drūsō posse ā sē mītigārī vel īnfringī: quod aliud subsidium, sī imperātōrem sprēvissent? cēterum ut iam iamque itūrus lēgit comitēs, conquīsīvit impedīmenta, adōrnāvit nāvēs: mox hiemem aut negōtia variē causātus prīmō prūdentēs, dein vulgum, diūtissimē prōvinciās fefellit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_47_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 47]]</text>
      <sha1>dqmpj6e1vky5bs23nioqsx28rww9gvi</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLVIII</title>
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      <id>6459</id>
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      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:08:56Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
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At Germānicus, quamquam contractō exercitū et parātā in dēfectōrēs ultiōne, dandum adhūc spatium ratus, sī recentī exemplō sibi ipsī cōnsŭlerent, praemittit litterās ad Caecīnam, venīre sē validā manū ac, nī supplicium in malōs praesūmant, ūsūrum prōmiscā caede. eās Caecīna aquiliferīs signiferīsque et quod maximē castrōrum sincērum erat occultē recitat, utque cūnctōs īnfāmiae, sē ipsōs mortī exĭmant hortātur: nam in pāce causās et merĭta spectārī: ubi bellum ingruat, innocentēs ac noxiōs iūxtā cadere. illī temptātīs quōs idōneōs rēbantur, postquam maiōrem legiōnum partem in officiō vident, dē sententiā lēgātī statuunt tempus, quō foedissimum quemque et sēditiōnī prōmptum ferrō invādant. tunc signō inter sē datō inrumpunt contubernia, trucīdant ignārōs, nūllō nisi cōnsciīs nōscente quod caedis initium, quis fīnis.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_48_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 48]]</text>
      <sha1>2vujaasaa6tq5ytu3v2rtbkt5xur492</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/XLIX</title>
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      <timestamp>2008-07-25T23:09:37Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
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Dīversa omnium, quae umquam accīdēre, cīvīlium armōrum faciēs. nōn proeliō, nōn adversīs ē castrīs, sed īsdem ē cubīlibus, quōs simul vēscentīs diēs, simul quiētōs nox habuerat. discēdunt in partēs, ingerunt tēla. clāmor vulnera sanguis palam, causa in occultō; cētera fors regit. et quīdam bonōrum caesī, postquam intellēctō in quōs saevīrētur, pessimī quoque arma rapuerant. neque lēgātus aut tribūnus moderātor adfuit: permissa vulgō licentia atque ultiō et satietās. mox ingressus castra Germānicus, nōn medicīnam illud plūrimīs cum lacrimīs sed clādem appellāns, cremārī corpora iubet.

Trucēs etiam tum animōs cupīdō involat eundī in hostem, piāculum furōris; nec aliter posse plācārī commīlitōnum mānēs, quam sī pectoribus impiīs honesta vulnera accēpissent. sequitur ardōrem&lt;!-- ārd-? --&gt; mīlitum Caesar iūnctōque ponte trāmittit duodecim mīlia ē legiōnibus, sex et vīgintī sociās cohortīs, octō equitum ālās, quārum eā sēditiōne intemerāta modestia fuit.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_49_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 49]]</text>
      <sha1>qmg2q2bfsrr2dthbzzdjdjglvqymhtp</sha1>
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Laetī neque procul Germānī agitābant, dum iūstitiō ob āmissum Augustum, post discordiīs attinēmur. at Rōmānus agmine properō silvam Caesiam līmitemque ā Tiberiō coeptum scindit, castra in līmite locat, frontem ac tergum vallō, latera concaedibus mūnītus. inde saltūs obscūrōs permeat cōnsultatque ex duōbus itineribus breve et solitum sequātur an inpedītius et intemptātum eōque hostibus incautum. dēlēctā longiōre viā cētera adcelerantur: etenim attulerant explōrātōrēs fēstam eam Germānīs noctem ac sollemnibus ĕpulīs lūdicram. Caecīna cum expedītīs cohortibus praeīre et obstantia silvārum āmōlīrī iubētur: legiōnēs modicō intervallō sequuntur. iūvit nox sīderibus inlūstrīs, ventumque ad vīcōs Marsōrum et circumdatae statiōnēs strātīs etiam tum per cubīlia propterque mēnsās, nūllō metū, nōn antepositīs vigiliīs: adeō cūncta incūriā disiecta erant neque bellī timor, ac nē pāx quidem nisi languida et solūta inter tēmulentōs.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_50_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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Caesar avidās legiōnēs, quō lātior populātiō foret, quattuor in cuneōs dispertit; quīnquāgintā mīlium spatium ferrō flammīsque pervāstat. nōn sexus, nōn aetās miserātiōnem attulit: profāna simul et sacra et celeberrimum illīs gentibus templum quod Tamfānae vocābant sŏlō aequantur. sine vulnere mīlitēs, quī sēmisomnōs, inermōs aut pālantīs ceciderant. excīvit ea caedēs Bructerōs, Tubantēs, Ūsipetēs; saltūsque per quōs exercituī regressus īnsēdēre. quod gnārum ducī incessitque itinerī et proeliō. pars equitum et auxiliāriae cohortēs dūcēbant, mox prīma legiō, et mediīs impedīmentīs sinistrum latus ūnetvīcēnsimānī, dextrum quīntānī clausēre, vīcēnsima legiō terga fīrmāvit, post cēterī sociōrum. sed hostēs, dōnec agmen per saltūs porrigerētur, immōtī, dein latera et frontem modicē adsultantēs, tōtā vī novissimōs incurrere. turbābanturque dēnsīs Germānōrum catervīs levēs cohortēs, cum Caesar advectus ad vīcēnsimānōs vōce magnā hoc illud tempus oblitterandae sēditiōnis clāmitābat: pergerent, properārent culpam in decus vertere. exārsēre animīs ūnōque impetū perruptum hostem redigunt in aperta caeduntque: simul prīmī agminis cōpiae ēvāsēre silvās castraque commūnīvēre. quiētum inde iter, fīdēnsque recentibus ac priōrum oblītus mīles in hībernīs locātur.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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Nūntiāta ea Tiberium laetitiā cūrāque adfēcēre: gaudēbat oppressam sēditiōnem, sed quod largiendīs pecūniīs et missiōne festīnātā favōrem mīlitum quaesīvisset, bellicā quoque Germānicī glōriā angēbātur. rettulit tamen ad senātum dē rēbus gestīs multaque dē virtūte eius memorāvit, magis in speciem verbīs adōrnāta quam ut penitus sentīre crēderētur. pauciōribus Drūsum et fīnem Illyricī mōtūs laudāvit, sed intentior et fīdā ōrātiōne. cūnctaque quae Germānicus indulserat, servāvit etiam apud Pannonicōs exercitūs.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_52_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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        <id>111</id>
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Eōdem annō Iūlia suprēmum diem obiit, ob impudīcitiam ōlim ā patre Augustō Pandātĕriā īnsulā, mox oppidō Rēgīnōrum, quī Sĭculum frĕtum accolunt, clausa. fuerat in mātrimōniō Tiberiī flōrentibus Gāiō et Lūciō Caesaribus sprēveratque ut inparem; nec alia tam intĭma Tiberiō causa cūr Rhŏdum abscēderet. imperium adeptus extorrem, īnfāmem et post interfectum Postumum Agrippam omnis speī egēnam inopiā ac tābe longā perēmit, obscūram fore necem longinquitāte exĭliī ratus. pār causa saevitiae in Semprōnium Gracchum, quī familiā nōbilī, sollers ingeniō et prāvē fācundus, eandem Iūliam in mātrimōniō Mārcī Agrippae temerāverat. nec is libīdinī fīnis: trāditam Tiberiō pervĭcāx adulter contumāciā et odiīs in marītum accendēbat; litteraeque quās Iūlia patrī Augustō cum īnsectātiōne Tiberiī scrīpsit ā Gracchō compositae crēdēbantur. igitur āmōtus Cercīnam, Āfricī maris īnsulam, quattuordecim annīs exilium tolerāvit. tunc mīlitēs ad caedem missī invēnēre in prōminentī lītoris, nihil laetum opperientem. quōrum adventū breve tempus petīvit, ut suprēma mandāta uxōrī Alliāriae per litterās daret, cervīcemque percussōribus obtulit, cōnstantiā mortis haud indignus Semprōniō nōmine: vītā dēgenerāverat. quīdam nōn Rōmā eōs mīlitēs, sed ab L. Asprēnāte prō cōnsule Āfricae missōs trādidēre auctōre Tiberiō, quī fāmam caedis posse in Asprēnātem vertī frūstrā spērāverat.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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      <sha1>oyqb4s4vxyeg8ldu6pet4grtfxkp2m6</sha1>
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Īdem annus novās caerimōniās accēpit additō sodālium Augustālium sacerdōtiō, ut quondam Tĭtus Tătius retinendīs Sabīnōrum sacrīs sodālēs Titiōs īnstituerat. sorte ductī ē prīmōribus cīvitātis ūnus et vīgintī: Tiberius Drūsusque et Claudius et Germānicus adiciuntur. lūdōs Augustālēs tunc prīmum coeptōs turbāvit discordia ex certāmine histriōnum. indulserat eī lūdicrō Augustus, dum Maecēnātī obtemperat effūsō in amōrem Bathyllī; neque ipse abhorrēbat tālibus studiīs, et cīvīle rēbātur miscērī voluptātibus vulgī. alia Tiberiō mōrum via: sed populum per tot annōs molliter habitum nōndum audēbat ad dūriōra vertere.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_54_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

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        <id>111</id>
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Drūsō Caesare C. Norbānō cōnsulibus dēcernitur Germānicō triumphus manente bellō; quod quamquam in aestātem summā ope parābat, initiō vēris et repentīnō in Chattōs excursū praecēpit. nam spēs incesserat dissĭdere hostem in Armĭnium ac Segestem, īnsignem utrumque perfidiā in nōs aut fide. Arminius turbātor Germāniae, Segestēs parārī rebelliōnem saepe aliās et suprēmō convīviō, post quod in arma ĭtum, aperuit suāsitque Vārō ut sē et Arminium et cēterōs procerēs vincīret: nihil ausūram plēbem prīncipibus āmōtīs, atque ipsī tempus fore, quō crīmina et innoxiōs discerneret. sed Vārus fātō et vī Armĭnī cecidit: Segestēs quamquam cōnsēnsū gentis in bellum tractus discors manēbat, auctīs prīvātim odiīs, quod Arminius fīliam eius aliī păctam rapuerat, gener invīsus inimīcī socerī; quaeque apud concordēs vincula cāritātis, incitāmenta īrārum apud īnfēnsōs erant.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 55]]</text>
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        <id>111</id>
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Igitur Germānicus quattuor legiōnēs, quīnque auxiliārium mīlia et tumultuāriās catervās Germānōrum cis Rhēnum colentium Caecīnae trādit; totidem legiōnēs, duplicem sociōrum numerum ipse dūcit, positōque castellō super vēstīgia paternī praesidiī in monte Taunō expedītum exercitum in Chattōs rapit, L. Aprōniō ad mūnītiōnēs viārum et flūminum relictō. nam (rārum illī caelō) siccitāte et amnibus modicīs inoffēnsum iter properāverat, imbrēsque et flūminum auctūs regredientī metuēbantur. sed Chattīs adeō inprōvīsus advēnit, ut quod imbēcillum aetāte ac sexū statim captum aut trucīdātum sit. iuventūs flūmen Adrănam nandō trāmīserat, Rōmānōsque pontem coeptantīs arcēbant. dein tormentīs sagittīsque pulsī, temptātīs frūstrā condiciōnibus pācis, cum quīdam ad Germānicum perfūgissent, reliquī omissīs pāgīs vīcīsque in silvās disperguntur. Caesar incēnsō Mattiō (id gentī caput) aperta populātus vertit ad Rhēnum, nōn ausō hoste terga abeuntium lacessere, quod illī mōris, quotiēns āstū magis quam per formīdinem cessit. fuerat animus Cheruscīs iuvāre Chattōs, sed exterruit Caecīna hūc illūc ferēns arma; et Marsōs congredī ausōs prōsperō proeliō cohibuit.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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Neque multō post lēgātī ā Segeste vēnērunt auxilium ōrantēs adversus vim populārium, ā quīs circumsedēbātur, validiōre apud eōs Armĭniō, quoniam bellum suādēbat: nam barbărīs, quantō quis audāciā prōmptus, tantō magis fīdus rēbusque mōtīs potior habētur. addiderat Segestēs lēgātīs fīlium, nōmine Segimundum: sed iuvenis cōnscientiā cūnctābātur. quippe annō quō Germāniae dēscīvēre sacerdōs apud āram Ūbiōrum creātus rūperat vittās, profugus ad rebellēs. adductus tamen in spem clēmentiae Rōmānae pertulit patris mandāta benignēque exceptus cum praesidiō Gallicam in rīpam missus est. Germānicō prĕtium fuit convertere agmen, pugnātumque in obsidentīs, et ēreptus Segestēs magnā cum propinquōrum et clientium manū. inerant fēminae nōbilēs, inter quās uxor Arminiī eademque fīlia Segestis, marītī magis quam parentis animō, neque ēvicta in lacrimās neque vōce supplex, compressīs intrā sĭnum manibus gravidum ŭterum intuēns. ferēbantur et spŏlia Vāriānae clādis, plērīsque eōrum quī tum in dēditiōnem veniēbant praedae dăta: simul Segestēs ipse, ingēns vīsū et memoriā bonae societātis inpăvidus.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_57_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 57]]</text>
      <sha1>kkeb6qxx8edpusjyep2x3r2sgxs1bnx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LVIII</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>6472</id>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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Verba eius in hunc modum fuēre: ‘nōn hic mihi prīmus ergā populum Rōmānum fideī et cōnstantiae diēs. ex quō ā dīvō Augustō cīvitāte dōnātus sum, amīcōs inimīcōsque ex vestrīs ūtilitātibus dēlēgī, neque ŏdiō patriae (quippe prōditōrēs etiam iīs quōs antepōnunt invīsī sunt), vērum quia Rōmānīs Germānīsque ĭdem condūcere et pācem quam bellum probābam. ergō raptōrem fīliae meae, violātōrem foederis vestrī, Arminium apud Vārum, quī tum exercituī praesidēbat, reum fēcī. dīlātus sēgnitiā ducis, quia părum praesidiī in lēgibus erat, ut mē et Arminium et cōnsciōs vincīret flāgitāvī: testis illa nox, mihi utinam potius novissima! quae secūta sunt, dēflērī magis quam dēfendī possunt: cēterum et iniēcī catēnās Arminiō et ā factiōne eius iniectās perpessus sum. atque ubi prīmum tuī cōpiă, vetera novīs et quiēta turbidīs antehabeō, neque ob praemium, sed ut mē perfĭdiā exsolvam, simul gentī Germānōrum idōneus conciliātor, sī paenitentiam quam perniciem māluerit. prō iuventā et errōre fīliī veniam precor: fīliam necessitāte hūc adductam fateor. tuum erit cōnsultāre, utrum praevaleat, quod ex Arminiō concēpit an quod ex mē genita est.’ Caesar clēmentī respōnsō līberīs propinquīsque eius incolumitātem, ipsī sēdem vetere in prōvinciā pollicētur. exercitum redūxit nōmenque imperātōris auctōre Tiberiō accēpit. Arminiī uxor virīlis sexūs stirpem ēdidit: ēdŭcātus Ravennae puer quō mox lūdibriō cōnflīctātus sit, in tempore memorābō.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 58]]</text>
      <sha1>s72h899a9u0zsh0bzqor5ra2f5e1o8w</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LIX</title>
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        <id>111</id>
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Fāma dēditī benignēque exceptī Segestis vulgāta, ut quibusque bellum invītīs aut cupientibus erat, spē vel dolōre accipitur. Arminium super īnsĭtam violentiam rapta uxor, subiectus servitiō uxōris ŭterus vaecordem agēbant, volitābatque per Cheruscōs, arma in Segestem, arma in Caesarem poscēns. neque probrīs temperābat: ēgregium patrem, magnum imperātōrem, fortem exercitum, quōrum tot manūs ūnam mulierculam āvēxerint. sibi trēs legiōnēs, totidem lēgātōs prōcubuisse; nōn enim sē prōditiōne neque adversus fēminās gravĭdās, sed palam adversus armātōs bellum tractāre. cernī adhūc Germānōrum in lūcīs signa Rōmāna, quae dīs patriīs suspenderit. coleret Segestēs victam rīpam, redderet fīliō sacerdōtium hominum: Germānōs numquam satis excūsātūrōs, quod inter Albim et Rhēnum virgās et sĕcūrēs et togam vīderint. aliīs gentibus ignōrantiā impérī Rōmānī inexperta esse supplicia, nescia tribūta; quae quoniam exuerint inritusque discesserit ille inter nūmina dicātus Augustus, ille dēlēctus Tiberius, nē inperītum adulēscentulum, nē sēditiōsum exercitum pavēscerent. sī patriam parentēs antīqua māllent quam dominōs et colōniās novās, Arminium potius glōriae ac lībertātis quam Segestem flāgitiōsae servitūtis ducem sequerentur.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_59_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 59]]</text>
      <sha1>jlx7jmv6gxdfv7yb61im329lljfogjy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LX</title>
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    <revision>
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        <id>111</id>
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Concītī per haec nōn modo Cheruscī sed conterminae gentēs, tractusque in partīs Inguiomĕrus Arminiī patruus, vetere apud Rōmānōs auctōritāte; unde maior Caesarī metus. et nē bellum mōle ūnā ingrueret, Caecīnam cum quadrāgintā cohortibus Rōmānīs distrahendō hostī per Bructerōs ad flūmen Amīsiam mittit, equitem Pĕdō praefectus fīnibus Frīsiōrum dūcit. ipse inpositās nāvibus quattuor legiōnēs per lacūs vēxit; simulque pĕdĕs eques classis apud praedictum amnem convēnēre. Chaucī cum auxilia pollicērentur, in commīlitium adscītī sunt. Bructerōs sua ūrentīs expedītā cum manū L. Stertīnius missū Germānicī fūdit; interque caedem et praedam repperit ūndēvīcēnsimae legiōnis aquĭlam cum Vārō āmissam. ductum inde agmen ad ultimōs Bructerōrum, quantumque Amīsiam et Lŭpiam amnēs inter vāstātum, haud procul Teutoburgiēnsī saltū, in quō reliquiae Vārī legiōnumque īnsepultae dīcēbantur.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 60]]</text>
      <sha1>dbti9pwz6a03t7rqlo0be8l6qyt2kpj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXI</title>
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        <id>111</id>
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Igitur cupīdō Caesarem invādit solvendī suprēma mīlitibus ducīque, permōtō ad miserātiōnem omnī quī aderat exercitū ob propinquōs, amīcōs, dēnique ob cāsūs bellōrum et sortem hominum. praemissō Caecīnā, ut occulta saltuum scrūtārētur pontēsque et aggerēs ūmĭdō palūdum et fallācibus campīs inpōneret, incēdunt maestōs locōs vīsūque ac memoriā dēfōrmīs. prīma Vārī castra lātō ambitū et dīmēnsīs prīncipiīs trium legiōnum manūs ostentābant; dein sēmirŭtō vallō, humilī fossā accīsae iam reliquiae cōnsēdisse intellegēbantur: mediō campī albentia ossa, ut fūgerant, ut restiterant, disiecta vel aggerāta. adiacēbant fragmina tēlōrum equōrumque artūs, simul truncīs arbŏrum antefīxa ōra. lūcīs propinquīs barbărae ārae, apud quās tribūnōs ac prīmōrum ōrdinum centuriōnēs mactāverant. et clādis eius superstĭtēs, pugnam aut vincula ēlāpsī, referēbant hīc cecidisse lēgātōs, illīc raptās aquilās; prīmum ubi vulnus Vārō adāctum, ubi īnfēlīcī dexterā et suō ictū mortem invēnerit; quō tribūnālī contiōnātus Arminius, quot patibula captīvīs, quae scrŏbēs, utque signīs et aquilīs per superbiam inlūserit.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 61]]</text>
      <sha1>dlwcm4sov26qkcqh63ads3jql4cp9mt</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXII</title>
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    <revision>
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        <id>111</id>
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Igitur Rōmānus quī aderat exercitus sextum post clādis annum trium legiōnum ossa, nūllō nōscente aliēnās reliquiās an suōrum hŭmō tegeret, omnēs ut coniūnctōs, ut cōnsanguineōs, auctā in hostem īrā, maestī simul et īnfēnsī condēbant. prīmum extruendō tumulō caespitem Caesar posuit, grātissimō mūnere in dēfūnctōs et praesentibus dolōris socius. quod Tiberiō haud probātum, seu cūncta Germānicī in dēterius trahentī, sīve exercitum imāgine caesōrum īnsepultōrumque tardātum ad proelia et formīdolōsiōrem hostium crēdēbat; neque imperātōrem augurātū et vetustissimīs caerimōniīs praedĭtum adtrectāre fērālia dēbuisse.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 62]]</text>
      <sha1>sb72coqjxu1fi8lgp0pjvil7p8idjea</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2266</id>
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      <id>6477</id>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1640" xml:space="preserve">=LXIII=

Sed Germānicus cēdentem in āvia Arminium secūtus, ubi prīmum cōpia fuit, ēvehī equitēs campumque, quem hostis īnsēderat, ēripī iubet. Arminius colligī suōs et propinquāre silvīs monĭtōs vertit repentĕ: mox signum prōrumpendī dedit iīs quōs per saltūs occultāverat. tunc novā aciē turbātus eques, missaeque subsidiāriae cohortēs et fugientium agmine impulsae auxerant cōnsternātiōnem; trūdēbanturque in palūdem gnāram vincentibus, inīquam nesciīs, nī Caesar prōductās legiōnēs īnstrūxisset: inde hostibus terror, fīdūcia mīlitī; et manibus aequīs abscessum. mox reductō ad Amīsiam exercitū legiōnēs classe, ut advēxerat, reportat; pars equitum lītore Ōceanī petere Rhēnum iussa; Caecīna, quī suum mīlitem dūcēbat, monĭtus, quamquam nōtīs itineribus regrederētur, pontēs longōs quam mātūrrimē superāre. angustus is trāmĕs vāstās inter palūdēs et quondam ā L. Domitiō aggerātus; cētera līmōsa, tenācia gravī caenō aut rīvīs incerta erant; circum silvae paulātim adclīvēs, quas tum Arminius inplēvit, compendiīs viārum et citō agmine onustum sarcĭnīs armīsque mīlitem cum antevēnisset. Caecīnae dŭbitantī, quōnam modō ruptōs vetustāte pontēs repōneret simulque prōpulsāret hostem, castra mētārī in locō placuit, ut opus et aliī proelium inciperent.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 63]]</text>
      <sha1>pg9876o29xdbr75gbz850k55q6e2kyf</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXIV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2267</id>
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      <id>6478</id>
      <parentid>6394</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:36:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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Barbarī perfringere statiōnēs sēque īnferre mūnītōribus nīsī lacessunt, circumgrediuntur, occursant: miscētur operantium bellantiumque clāmor. et cūncta pariter Rōmānīs adversa, locus ūlīgine profundā, īdem ad gradum īnstabĭlis, prōcēdentibus lūbricus, corpora gravia lōrīcīs; neque lībrāre pīla inter undās poterant. contrā Cheruscīs suēta apud palūdēs proelia, prōcēra membra, hastae ingentēs ad vulnera facienda quamvīs procul. nox dēmum inclīnantīs iam legiōnēs adversae pugnae exēmit. Germānī ob prōspera indēfessī, nē tum quidem sūmptā quiēte, quantum aquārum circum surgentibus iŭgīs orĭtur vertēre in subiecta, mersāque humō et obrutō quod effectum operĭs duplicātus mīlitī lăbor. quadrāgēnsimum id stīpendium Caecīna pārendī aut imperitandī habēbat, secundārum ambiguārumque rērum sciēns eōque interritus. igitur futūra volvēns nōn aliud repperit quam ut hostem silvīs coercēret, dōnec sauciī quantumque graviōris agminis anteīrent; nam mediō montium et palūdum porrigēbātur plānitiēs, quae tenuem aciem patērētur. dēliguntur legiōnēs quīnta dextrō laterī, ūnetvīcēnsima in laevum, prīmānī dūcendum ad agmen, vīcēnsimānus adversum secūtūrōs.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 64]]</text>
      <sha1>ie7a9o72cydsnvxfpl7hlhs49aajzw7</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2268</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6479</id>
      <parentid>6395</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:37:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2127" xml:space="preserve">=LXV=

Nox per dīversa inquiēs, cum barbarī fēstīs ĕpulīs, laetō cantū aut trŭcī sonōre subiecta vallium ac resultantīs saltūs complērent, apud Rōmānōs invalĭdī ignēs, interruptae vōcēs, atque ipsī passim adiacērent vallō, oberrārent tentōriīs, īnsomnēs magis quam pervigĭlēs. ducemque terruit dīra quiēs: nam Quīntīlium Vārum sanguine oblĭtum et palūdibus ēmersum cernere et audīre vīsus est velut vocantem, nōn tamen obsecūtus et manum intendentis reppulisse. coeptā lūce missae in latera legiōnēs, metū an contumāciā, locum dēseruēre, captō properē campō ūmentia ultrā. neque tamen Arminius quamquam līberō incursū statim prōrūpit: sed ut haesēre caenō fossīsque impedīmenta turbātī circum mīlitēs, incertus signōrum ōrdō, utque tālī in tempore sibi quisque properus et lentae adversum impĕria aurēs, inrumpere Germānōs iubet, clāmitāns ‘ēn Vārus eōdemque iterum fātō vīnctae legiōnēs!’ simul haec et cum dēlēctīs scindit agmen equīsque maximē vulnera ingerit. illī sanguine suō et lūbricō palūdum lāpsantēs excussīs rēctōribus disicere obviōs, prōterĕre iacentēs. plūrimus circā aquilās labor, quae neque ferrī adversum ingruentia tēla neque fīgī līmōsā humō poterant. Caecīna dum sustentat aciem, suffossō equō dēlāpsus circumveniēbātur, nī prīma legiō sēsē opposuisset. iūvit hostium aviditās, omissā caede praedam sectantium; ēnīsaeque legiōnēs vesperāscente diē in aperta et solĭda. neque is miseriārum fīnis. struendum vallum, petendus agger, āmissă magnā ex parte per quae ēgeritur humus aut excīditur caespĕs; nōn tentōria manipulīs, nōn fōmenta sauciīs; īnfectōs caenō aut cruōre cibōs dīvidentēs fūnestās tenebrās et tot hominum mīlibus ūnum iam reliquum diem lāmentābantur.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 65]]</text>
      <sha1>qxkk4a6gg2u7mgqsssv7spq93te7bzv</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXVI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>6480</id>
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        <id>111</id>
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Forte equus abruptīs vinculīs vagus et clāmōre territus quōsdam occurrentium obturbāvit. tanta inde cōnsternātiō inrūpisse Germānōs crēdentium, ut cūnctī ruĕrent ad portās, quārum decumāna maximē petēbātur, āversa hostī et fugientibus tūtior. Caecīnă compertō vānam esse formīdinem, cum tamen neque auctōritāte neque precibus, nē manū quidem obsistere aut retinēre mīlitem quīret, prōiectus in līmine portae miserātiōne dēmum, quia per corpus lēgātī eundum erat, clausit viam: simul tribūnī et centuriōnēs falsum pavōrem esse docuērunt.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 66]]</text>
      <sha1>o8x3af0szny34tbrayag6yttsw0vxyc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXVII</title>
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        <id>111</id>
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Tunc contractōs in prīncipia iussōsque dicta cum silentiō accipere temporis ac necessitātis monet. ūnam in armīs salūtem, sed ea cōnsiliō temperanda manendumque intrā vallum, dōnec expugnandī hostēs spē propius succēderent; mox undĭque ērumpendum: illā ēruptiōne ad Rhēnum pervenīrī. quod sī fugerent, plūrīs silvās, profundās magis palūdēs, saevitiam hostium superesse; at victōribus decus glōriam. quae domī cāra, quae in castrīs honesta, memorat; reticuit dē adversīs. equōs dehinc, orsus ā suīs, lēgātōrum tribūnōrumque nūllā ambitiōne fortissimō cuique bellātōrī trādit, ut hī, mox pĕdĕs in hostem invāderent.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 67]]</text>
      <sha1>swvffbk4dc44y77zmyjz2slofcjepkr</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXVIII</title>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1462" xml:space="preserve">=LXVIII=

Haud minus inquiēs Germānus spē, cupīdine et dīversīs ducum sententiīs agēbat, Arminiō sinerent ēgredī ēgressōsque rūrsum per ūmida et inpedīta circumvenīrent suādente, atrōciōra Inguiomĕrō et laeta barbărīs, ut vallum armīs ambīrent: prōmptam expugnātiōnem, plūrēs captīvōs, incorruptam praedam fore. igitur ortā diē prōruunt fossās, iniciunt crātēs, summa vallī prēnsant, rārō super mīlite et quasi ob metum dēfīxō. postquam haesēre mūnīmentīs, datur cohortibus signum cornuaque ac tŭbae concinuēre. exim clāmōre et impetū tergīs Germānōrum circumfunduntur, exprobrantēs nōn hīc silvās nec palūdēs, sed aequīs locīs aequōs deōs. hostī facile excĭdium et paucōs ac sēmermōs cōgitantī sŏnus tubārum, fulgor armōrum, quantō inopīna, tantō maiōra offunduntur, cadēbantque, ut rēbus secundīs avidī, ita adversīs incautī. Arminius integer, Inguiomerus post grave vulnus pugnam dēseruēre: vulgus trucīdātum est, dōnec īra et diēs permānsit. nocte dēmum reversae legiōnēs, quamvīs plūs vulnerum, eadem cibōrum ĕgestās fatīgāret, vim sānitātem cōpiās, cūncta in victōriā habuēre.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 68]]</text>
      <sha1>jiqaj4kruqa8gp1coc37qtijmx4dxn5</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXIX</title>
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      </contributor>
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Pervāserat interim circumventī exercitūs fāma et īnfēstō Germānōrum agmine Galliās petī, ac nī Agrippīna inpositum Rhēnō pontem solvī prohibuisset, erant quī id flāgitium formīdine audērent. sed fēmina ingēns animī mūnia ducis per eōs diēs induit, mīlitibusque, ut quis inops aut saucius, vestem et fōmenta dīlargīta est. trādit C. Plīnius, Germānicōrum bellōrum scrīptor, stetisse apud prīncipium pontis, laudēs et grātēs reversīs legiōnibus habentem. id Tiberiī animum altius penetrāvit: nōn enim simplicēs eās cūrās, nec adversus externōs ''studia'' mīlitum quaerī. nihil relictum imperātōribus, ubi fēmina manipulōs intervīsat, signa adeat, largītionem temptet, tamquam parum ambitiōsē fīlium ducis gregālī habitū circumferat Caesaremque Calĭgulam appellārī velit. potiōrem iam apud exercitūs Agrippīnam quam lēgātōs, quam ducēs; conpressam ā muliere sēditiōnem, cui nōmen prīncipis obsistere nōn quīverit. accendēbat haec onerābatque Seiānus, perītiā mōrum Tiberiī ŏdia in longum iaciēns, quae reconderet auctaque prōmeret.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 69]]</text>
      <sha1>gzyfexwyxh2u101k62c0ser8xib2ntw</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2273</id>
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      <id>6484</id>
      <parentid>6400</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:39:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1709" xml:space="preserve">=LXX=

At Germānicus legiōnum, quās nāvibus vēxerat, secundam et quārtam decumam itinere terrestrī P. Vitelliō dūcendās trādit, quō levior classis vadōsō marī innāret vel reciprŏcō sīderet. Vitellius prīmum iter siccā humō aut modicē adlābente aestū quiētum habuit: mox inpulsū aquilōnis, simul sīdere aequinoctiī, quō maximē tumēscit Ōceanus, rapī agīque agmen. et opplēbantur terrae: eadem frĕtō lītorī campīs faciēs, neque discernī poterant incerta ab solĭdīs, brevia ā profundīs. sternuntur fluctibus, hauriuntur gurgitibus; iūmenta, sarcinae, corpora exanima interfluunt, occursant. permiscentur inter sē manipulī, modo pectore modo ōre tenus exstantēs, aliquandō subtractō solō disiectī aut obrŭtī. nōn vōx et mūtuī hortātūs iuvābant adversante undā; nihil strēnuus ab ignāvō, sapiēns ab inprūdentī, cōnsilia ā cāsū differre: cūncta parī violentiā involvēbantur. tandem Vitellius in ēditiōra ēnīsus eōdem agmen subdūxit. pernoctāvēre sine ūtēnsĭlibus, sine ignī, magna pars nūdō aut mulcātō corpore, haud minus miserābilēs quam quōs hostis circumsīdet: quippe illīc etiam honestae mortis ūsus, hīs inglōrium exitium. lūx reddidit terram, penetrātumque ad amnem [Visurgin], quō Caesar classe contenderat. inposĭtae dein legiōnēs, vagante fāmā submersās; nec fĭdēs salūtis, antequam Caesarem exercitumque redŭcem vīdēre.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 70]]</text>
      <sha1>88c3s87dgprzauthq64j93m1iu5lpb2</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXI</title>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="997" xml:space="preserve">=LXXI=

Iam Stertīnius, ad accipiendum in dēditiōnem Segimerum frātrem Segestis praemissus, ipsum et fīlium eius in cīvitātem Ūbiōrum perdūxerat. data utrīque venia, facile Segimerō, cūnctantius fīliō, quia Quīntīliī Vārī corpus inlūsisse dīcēbātur. cēterum ad supplenda exercitūs damna certāvēre Galliae Hispāniae Italia, quod cuique prōmptum, arma equōs aurum offerentēs. quōrum laudātō studiō Germānicus, armīs modo et equīs ad bellum sūmptīs, propriā pecūniā mīlitem iūvit. utque clādis memoriam etiam cōmitāte lēnīret, circumīre sauciōs, facta singulōrum extollere; vulnera intuēns alium spē, alium glōriā, cūnctōs adloquiō et cūrā sibīque et proeliō fīrmābat.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 71]]</text>
      <sha1>jcbzf1h443zxhqdsa03ljshb00g04mu</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <parentid>6402</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1420" xml:space="preserve">=LXXII=

Dēcrēta eō annō triumphālia īnsignia A. Caecīnae, L. Aprōniō, C. Sīliō ob rēs cum Germānicō gestās. nōmen patris patriae Tiberius, ā populō saepius ingestum, repudiāvit; neque in ācta sua iūrārī quamquam cēnsente senātū permīsit, cūncta mortālium incerta, quantōque plūs adeptus foret, tantō sē magis in lūbricō dictitāns. nōn tamen ideō faciēbat fĭdem cīvīlis animī; nam lēgem maiestātis redūxerat, cui nōmen apud veterēs ĭdem, sed alia in iūdicium veniēbant, sī quis prōditiōne exercitum aut plēbem sēditiōnibus, dēnique mălĕ gestā rē pūblicā maiestātem populī Rōmānī minuisset: facta arguēbantur, dicta inpūnē erant. prīmus Augustus cognitiōnem dē fāmōsīs libellīs speciē lēgis eius tractāvit, commōtus Cassiī Sevērī libīdine, quā virōs fēmināsque inlūstrēs procācibus scrīptīs diffāmāverat: mox Tiberius, cōnsultante Pompeiō Macrō praetōre, an iūdicia maiestātis redderentur, exercendās lēgēs esse respondit. hunc quoque asperāvēre carmina incertīs auctōribus vulgāta in saevitiam superbiamque eius et discordem cum mātre animum.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 72]]</text>
      <sha1>0f2knlymlc4b2kg77mwi3algp6zp1uc</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>6487</id>
      <parentid>6403</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:40:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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Haud pigēbit referre in Falaniō et Rubriō, modicīs equitibus Rōmānīs, praetemptāta crīmina, ut quibus initiīs, quantā Tiberiī arte gravissimum exitium inrēpserit, dein repressum sit, postrēmō ārserit cūnctaque corripuerit, nōscātur. Falaniō obiciēbat accūsātor, quod inter cultōrēs Augustī, quī per omnēs domōs in modum collēgiōrum habēbantur, Cassium quendam mīmum corpore īnfāmem adscīvisset, quodque vēndĭtīs hortīs statuam Augustī simul mancipāsset. Rubriō crīminī dabātur violātum periūriō nūmen Augustī. quae ubi Tiberiō nōtuēre, scrīpsit cōnsulibus nōn ideō dēcrētum patrī suō caelum, ut in perniciem cīvium is honor verterētur. Cassium histriōnem solĭtum inter aliōs eiusdem artis interesse lūdīs, quōs māter sua in memoriam Augustī sacrāsset; nec contrā religiōnēs fierī, quod effigiēs eius, ut alia nūminum simulācra, vēnditiōnibus hortōrum et domuum accēdant. iūs iūrandum perinde aestimandum quam sī Iovem fefellisset: deōrum iniūriās dīs cūrae.

==Recitātiō==

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 73]]</text>
      <sha1>6sk6h51amppmcs3pqxiplt6cdrw2exq</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXIV</title>
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      <id>6488</id>
      <parentid>6404</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:40:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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Nec multō post Grānium Mārcellum praetōrem Bīthȳniae quaestor ipsīus Caepiō Crīspīnus maiestātis postulāvit, subscrībente Rōmānō Hīspōne: quī fōrmam vītae iniit quam posteā celebrem miseriae tempŏrum et audāciae hominum fēcērunt. nam ĕgēns, ignōtus, inquiēs, dum occultīs libellīs saevitiae prīncipis adrēpit, mox clārissimō cuique perīculum facessit, potentiam apud ūnum, ŏdium apud omnīs adeptus dedit exemplum, quod secūtī ex pauperibus dīvitēs, ex contemptīs metuendī perniciem aliīs ac postrēmum sibi invēnēre. sed Mārcellum īnsimulābat sinistrōs dē Tiberiō sermōnēs habuisse, inēvītābile crīmen, cum ex mōribus prīncipis foedissima quaeque dēligeret accūsātor obiectāretque reō. nam quia vēra erant, etiam dicta crēdēbantur. addidit Hīspō statuam Mārcellī altius quam Caesarum sitam, et aliā in statuā amputātō capite Augustī effigiem Tiberiī indĭtam. ad quod exārsit adeō, ut ruptā taciturnitāte proclāmāret sē quoque in eā causā lātūrum sententiam palam et iūrātum, quō cēterīs eadem necessitās fieret. manēbant etiam tum vēstīgia morientis lībertātis. igitur Cn. Pīsō ‘quō’ inquit ‘locō cēnsēbis, Caesar? sī prīmus, habēbō quod sequar: sī post omnīs, vereor nē inprūdēns dissentiam.’ permōtus hīs, quantōque incautius efferverat, paenitentiā patiēns tulit absolvī reum crīminibus maiestātis: dē pecūniīs repetundīs ad reciperātōres ĭtum est.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 74]]</text>
      <sha1>trwzy5aoo36gq84oedov4p27wofi1a8</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXV</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>6489</id>
      <parentid>6405</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:40:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1214" xml:space="preserve">=LXXV=

Nec patrum cognitiōnibus satiātus iūdiciīs adsidēbat in cornū tribūnālis, nē praetōrem curūlī dēpelleret; multaque eō cōram adversus ambitum et potentium precēs cōnstitūta. set dum vēritātī cōnsulitur, lībertās corrumpēbātur. inter quae Pius Aurēlius senātor questus mōle pūblicae viae ductūque aquarum lăbefactās aedīs suās, auxilium patrum invocābat. resistentibus aerāriī praetōribus subvēnit Caesar pretiumque aedium Aurēliō tribuit, ērogandae per honesta pecūniae cupiēns, quam virtūtem diū retinuit, cum cēterās exueret. Propertiō Celerī praetōriō, veniam ōrdinis ob paupertātem petentī, deciēns sēstertium largītus est, satis conpertō paternās eī angustiās esse. temptantīs eadem aliōs probāre causās senātuī iussit, cupīdine sevēritātis in iīs etiam quae rīte faceret acerbus. unde cēterī silentium et paupertātem cōnfessiōnī et beneficiō praeposuēre.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 75]]</text>
      <sha1>opg8ebgwwmstrv54v5bmvm8nymqx9o1</sha1>
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    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXVI</title>
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        <id>111</id>
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Eōdem annō continuīs imbribus auctus Tĭberis plāna urbis stagnāverat; relābentem secūta est aedificiōrum et hominum strāgēs. igitur cēnsuit Asinius Gallus ut librī Sibullīnī adīrentur. renuit Tiberius, perinde dīvīna hūmānaque obtegēns; sed remedium coercendī flūminis Ateiō Capitōnī et L. Arruntiō mandātum. Achāiam ac Macedŏniam onera dēprecantīs levārī in praesēns prōcōnsulārī imperiō trādīque Caesarī placuit. ēdendīs gladiātōribus, quōs Germānicī frātris ac suō nōmine obtulerat, Drūsus praesēdit, quamquam vīlī sanguine nimis gaudēns; quod ''in'' vulgus formīdolōsum et pater arguisse dīcēbātur. cūr abstinuerit spectāculō ipse, variē trahēbant; aliī taediō coetūs, quīdam trīstitiā ingĕniī et metū conparātiōnis, quia Augustus cōmiter interfuisset. nōn crēdiderim ad ostentandam saevitiam movendāsque populī offēnsiōnēs concessam fīliō māteriem, quamquam id quoque dictum est.

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==Adnotātiōnēs==

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[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 76]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXVII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2280</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6491</id>
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      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:41:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1280" xml:space="preserve">=LXXVII=

At theātrī licentia, proximō priōre annō coepta, gravius tum ērūpit, occīsīs nōn modo ē plēbe set mīlitibus et centuriōne, vulnerātō tribūnō praetōriae cohortis, dum probra in magistrātūs et dissēnsiōnem vulgī prohibent. āctum dē eā sēditiōne apud patrēs dīcēbanturque sententiae, ut praetōribus iūs virgārum in histriōnēs esset. intercessit Haterius Agrippa tribūnus plēbeī increpitusque est Asiniī Gallī ōrātiōne, silente Tiberiō, quī ea simulācra lībertātis senātuī praebēbat. valuit tamen intercessiō, quia dīvus Augustus immūnēs verberum histriōnēs quondam responderat, neque fās Tiberiō īnfringere dicta eius. dē modō lūcāris et adversus lāscīviam fautōrum multa dēcernuntur; ex quīs maximē īnsignia, nē domōs pantomīmōrum senātor introīret, nē ēgredientēs in pūblicum equitēs Rōmānī cingerent aut alibi quam in theātrō sectārentur, et spectantium immodestiam exĭliō multandī potestās praetōribus fieret.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_77_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 77]]</text>
      <sha1>2i9aggs1vx8bmhjrtgbd85ccu23xspy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXVIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2281</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6492</id>
      <parentid>6408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:41:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="771" xml:space="preserve">=LXXVIII=

Templum ut in colōniā Tarracōnēnsī struerētur Augustō petentibus Hispānīs permissum, datumque in omnēs prōvinciās exemplum. centēsimam rērum vēnālium post bella cīvīlia īnstitūtam dēprecante populō ēdīxit Tiberius mīlitāre aerārium eō subsidiō nītī; simul impărem onerī rem pūblicam, nisi vīcēnsimō mīlitiae annō veterānī dīmitterentur. ita proximae sēditiōnis male cōnsulta, quibus sēdecim stīpendiōrum fīnem expresserant, abŏlĭta in posterum.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_78_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 78]]</text>
      <sha1>ordp8p24no0wuxs38827wdeslo3icg4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXIX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6493</id>
      <parentid>6409</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:42:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1389" xml:space="preserve">=LXXIX=

Āctum deinde in senātū ab Arruntiō et Ateiō, an ob moderandās Tĭberis exundātiōnēs verterentur flūmina et lacūs, per quōs augēscit; audītaeque mūnicipiōrum et colōniārum lēgātiōnēs, ōrantibus Flōrentīnīs, nē Clănis solĭtō alveō dēmōtus in amnem Arnum trānsferrētur idque ipsīs perniciem adferret. congruentia hīs Interamnātēs disseruēre: pessum ĭtūrōs fēcundissimōs Italiae campōs, sī amnis Nār (id enim parābātur) in rīvōs dīductus superstagnāvisset. nec Reātīnī silēbant. Velīnum lacum, quā in Nārem effunditur, obstruī recūsantēs, quippe in adiacentia ēruptūrum; optumē rēbus mortālium cōnsuluisse nātūram, quae sua ōra flūminibus, suōs cursūs utque orīginem, ita fīnēs dederit; spectandās etiam religiōnēs sociōrum, quī sacra et lūcōs et ārās patriīs amnibus dĭcāverint: quīn ipsum Tĭberim nōlle prōrsus accolīs flŭviīs orbātum minōre glōriā fluere. seu precēs colōniārum seu difficultās operum sīve superstitiō valuit, ut in sententiam ''Cn.'' Pīsōnis concēderētur, quī nīl mūtandum cēnsuerat.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_79_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 79]]</text>
      <sha1>jlslz21fy30yi76e5mukxe9bc2utgpw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXX</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2283</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6494</id>
      <parentid>6410</parentid>
      <timestamp>2008-08-06T09:42:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alatius</username>
        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="980" xml:space="preserve">=LXXX=

Prōrogātur Poppaeō Sabīnō prōvincia Moesia, additīs Achāia ac Macedŏnia. id quoque mōrum Tiberiī fuit, continuāre imperia ac plērōsque ad fīnem vītae in īsdem exercitibus aut iūrisdictiōnibus habēre. causae variae trāduntur: aliī taediō novae cūrae semel placita prō aeternīs servāvisse, quīdam invidiā, nē plūrēs fruerentur; sunt quī exīstiment, ut callidum eius ingenium, ita ānxium iūdicium; neque enim ēminentīs virtūtēs sectābātur. et rūrsum vitia ōderat: ex optimīs perīculum sibi, ā pessimīs dēdecus pūblicum metuēbat. quā haesitātiōne postrēmō eō prōvectus est, ut mandāverit quibusdam prōvinciās, quōs ēgredī urbe nōn erat passūrus.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_80_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 80]]</text>
      <sha1>ei7tkh0eo2sxxuaaqlcxwpeiemt2554</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taciti Annalium Liber Primus/LXXXI</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2284</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>6411</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>111</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1048" xml:space="preserve">=LXXXI=

Dē comitiīs cōnsulāribus, quae tum prīmum illō prīncipe ac deinceps fuēre, vix quicquam fīrmāre ausim: adeō dīversa nōn modo apud auctōrēs sed in ipsīus ōrātiōnibus reperiuntur. modo subtractīs candidātōrum nōminibus orīginem cuiusque et vītam et stīpendia dēscrīpsit, ut quī forent intellegerētur: aliquandō eā quoque significātiōne subtractā candidātōs hortātus, nē ambitū comitia turbārent, suam ad id cūram pollicitus est. plērumque eōs tantum apud sē professōs disseruit, quōrum nōmina cōnsulibus ēdidisset; posse et aliōs profitērī, sī grātiae aut meritīs cōnfīderent: speciōsa verbīs, rē inānia aut subdola, quantōque maiōre lībertātis imāgine tegēbantur, tantō ēruptūra ad īnfēnsius servitium.

==Recitātiō==

[http://www.archive.org/download/TacitiAnnaliumLiberPrimusStudyPace/tacitus_annales_i_81_study_pace_vbr.mp3 Recitātiō tarda] ad faciliōrem perceptiōnem apta.

==Adnotātiōnēs==

&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus| 81]]</text>
      <sha1>3xgszvh2z2tp5bqt4o0mmmnkdafmij0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Taciti Annalium Liber Primus</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2285</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6327</id>
      <timestamp>2008-06-30T21:44:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nova pagina: [[Categoria:Libri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Libri]]</text>
      <sha1>hsle0pgtaydylqyu7nb9djhi11ly7cr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liber grammaticus Hungaricus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2326</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6602</id>
      <parentid>6600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2009-02-12T19:44:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Adamus Mathaeus Hungaricus</username>
        <id>361</id>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="416" xml:space="preserve">Salvete! In Hungarica de sunt lingua dicenda mea et vos grammaticas docere volo sequentibus. Hungaria corde est Europae ac plus quam 10.000.000 eam homines loquuntur ac ea lingua Fenno-Ugrica est et Hungarica agglutinans est. Utilis dignaque est discendo, antequam Iaponica ac Turcica occupari velis.  

[[/Lectio prima - Voces et litterae/]]
[[/Lectio secunda - Nomina substantiva/]]

[[Categoria:Lingua Hungarica]]</text>
      <sha1>gnvqq0lqdc51qxmf59ysolcsmi78l77</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liber grammaticus Hungaricus/Lectio prima - Voces et litterae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6597</id>
      <parentid>6594</parentid>
      <timestamp>2009-02-10T23:50:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+categoria</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="283" xml:space="preserve">In Hungarica litterae XLIV sunt. Ex ea Hungarica XL in lingua vulgari utuntur. 

==Vocales Hungaricae==

a
á est similis Latino pare
e:
é:
f:
g:
gy:
h:
i:
í:
j:
k:
l:
ly:
m:
n:
o:
ó:
ö:
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p:
q:
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s:
sz:
t:
ty:
u:
ú:
ü:
ű:
v:
w:
x:
y:
z:
zs:

[[Categoria:Lingua Hungarica]]</text>
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      <id>7565</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Dexbot</username>
        <id>1626</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: removing existed iw links in Wikidata</comment>
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      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae|Hungarica]]</text>
      <sha1>84x52u80gsydtp732q4cbt09tvmnvua</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Quenya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7571</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[d:Q56383]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="643" xml:space="preserve">'''Quenya''' ([ˈkwe.ɲa]) est lingua creata ab Ioanne Ronaldo Reuel Tolkien, philologo et magistro linguae Anglicae. Tolkien scripsit libros &quot;Dominus Anulorum&quot; et &quot;Hobbit&quot;. Secundum hos libros, Quenya est lingua alficae. Quenya videtur similis lingua Finnica et lingua Latina. Novem casus (nominativus, genitivus, possessivus, dativus, allativus, ablativus, locativus, instrumentalis et respectivus) et quinque tempus verborum possidet.

== Phonologia ==

* [[Quenya/Phonologia|Phonologia]]

== Verba ==

* [[Quenya/Verba|Verba]]

== Vide etiam ==

* [[w:Lingua Quenya|Lingua Quenya]] in Vicipaedia, libera encyclopaedia

[[Categoria:Quenya]]</text>
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      <comment>--&gt; Wikidata</comment>
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      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
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      <comment>improuved to [[:{{{1}}}|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]] using [[m:Soft redirect]]|soft redirect - added BiDi safety - LANG=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="247" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Redirectltr.png|#REDIRECT ]]&lt;span class=&quot;redirectText&quot; id=&quot;softredirect&quot;&gt;[[:{{{1}}}|{{{2|{{{1}}}}}}]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%; padding-left:52px;&quot; LANG=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; &gt;This page is a [[m:Soft redirect|soft redirect]].&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Numeralia</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>1808</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* 4 */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2207" xml:space="preserve">== Fractiones ==
Quaeque fractio valor rationalis assumit. Generaliter dicimus ''numeratorem per denominatorem divisum'' esse:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;Fractio = &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{numerator}}{{denominator}}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;Pariter, per exemplum:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{7}}{{4}}&lt;/math&gt; ita dicito: &quot;''septem per quattuor divisum''&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;vel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{5}}{{12}}&lt;/math&gt; ita dicito: &quot;''quinque per duodecim divisum''&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Fractiones autem quaedam notiones speciales vel regulares ostendunt:
=== 2 ===
&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{1}}{{2}}&lt;/math&gt; dimidia pars
=== 3 ===
&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{1}}{{3}}&lt;/math&gt; tertia pars, &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{2}}{{3}}&lt;/math&gt; duae partes
=== 4 ===
* &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{1}}{{4}}&lt;/math&gt; quarta pars; quadrans
* &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{3}}{{4}}&lt;/math&gt; tres partes; dodrans&lt;br /&gt;'''Dodrans''' (-antis, ''m.''): '''I''' e. g.: heres ''ex dodrante''; ''solvere dodrantem''; '''II''' (tempus) hora ''dodrante'' post partum

=== 5 ===
&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{{3}}{{5}}&lt;/math&gt; tres quintae

== Numeralia maiora ==
* 1&amp;thinsp;000 - mīlle
* 2&amp;thinsp;000 - duo mīlia
* 3&amp;thinsp;000 - tria mīlia
* 10&amp;thinsp;000 - décem mīlia
* 100&amp;thinsp;000 - céntum mīlia
* 200&amp;thinsp;000 - ducénta mīlia
* 700&amp;thinsp;000 - septingénta mīlia
* 1&amp;thinsp;000&amp;thinsp;000 - déciē(n)s centēna mīlia (=10&amp;thinsp;00&amp;thinsp;000; centēnus = 100x) / mīliē(n)s [''seu'' milliē(n)s] mīlia
* 2&amp;thinsp;000&amp;thinsp;000 - vīciē(n)s centēna mīlia (=20&amp;thinsp;00&amp;thinsp;000)
* 3&amp;thinsp;939&amp;thinsp;393 - trīciē(n)s nóviē(n)s centēna trīgíntā nóvem mīlia et trecéntī nōnāgíntā trēs (=39&amp;thinsp;39&amp;thinsp;393)
* 6&amp;thinsp;100&amp;thinsp;000 - sexāgiē(n)s sémel centēna mīlia (=61&amp;thinsp;00&amp;thinsp;000)
* 6&amp;thinsp;944&amp;thinsp;000 - ūndēseptuāgiē(n)s centēna [''mīlia''] et quadrāgíntā quattuor mīlia (=69&amp;thinsp;44&amp;thinsp;000)
* 123&amp;thinsp;456&amp;thinsp;789 - mīliē(n)s [''seu'' milliē(n)s] ducentiē(n)s trīciē(n)s quáter centēna mīlia quīnquāgíntā sex centēna septingéntī ūndēnōnāgíntā (1&amp;thinsp;234&amp;thinsp;56&amp;thinsp;789)

*Vide [[wikt:Auxilium:Numeri Latini|Auxilium:Numeri Latini]] in Victionario

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Nomina|Numeralia]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Numeralia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/quam</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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      <comment>+cat</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="890" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:quam|quam]]''' est [[Grammatica Latina/Adverbia|adverbium]] post [[Grammatica Latina/Comparatio adiectivorum|comparativis]] vel verba significationis comparativae.

==Exempla==

Ex [[s:Patrologia Latina Vol 139 Silvester II]]
*At nos, controversiarum lite depulsa, Romanam quidem aecclesiam ob memoriam apostolorum principis, ita ut a maioribus nostris accepimus, quoad possumus, [[:wikt:amplus|amplius]] [[:wikt:quam|quam]] Afri colamus; et seu se digna seu indigna prolatura sit, si status regnorum patitur, ab ea responsa petamus; sicut etiam pro causa Arnulfi factum esse constat. 
*Et si haec linea quinque aequaliter pedes habuerit, angulus ille, de quo dubitas, rectus erit; si [[:wikt:plus|plus]] [[:wikt:quam|quam]] quinque, hebes; si autem minus, acutus apparebit.  

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Vocabula inflexibilia|Quam]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Quam]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Comparatio adiectivorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>6720</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>45</id>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="407" xml:space="preserve">=Comparatio=

Gradus:

==Positivus==

==Comparativus==

==Superlativus==

==Exempla==

*[[:wikt:magnus|magnus]], magna, magnum cum comparativo &quot;maior&quot; et superlativo &quot;maximus&quot;
*[[:wikt:multus|multus]], multa, multum cum comparativo alius radicis &quot;plus&quot; et superlativo &quot;plurimus&quot;

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Adiectiva|Comparatio adiectivorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Comparatio adiectivorum]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/dum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6739</id>
      <parentid>6738</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-04-21T20:51:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Alex1011</username>
        <id>45</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="580" xml:space="preserve">'''[[:wikt:dum|dum]]''' [[Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|coniunctio]] est (inter alia).
[[File:TempusEdax.JPG|thumb|350px| Tempus edax sensim frondes absumpsit et ipsa &lt;br&gt; arbor tandem etiam morte secante ruit &lt;br&gt; outinam fructus fuerint ut possit in hortis &lt;br&gt; optatum Elysiis habere locum &lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt; ERASMUS RAMICIDA Ecclesiae Sanctae Crucis Wratislaviae Canonicus '''dum''' annum exegisset sexagesimum primum mortis falce succisus hic humatus est anno 1663 ? Augusti - ORATE PRO EO]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Coniunctiones|Dum]]
[[categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Dum]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:Sitesupport-url</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>2478</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7192</id>
      <parentid>7154</parentid>
      <timestamp>2013-02-07T01:38:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pgehres (WMF)</username>
        <id>923</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating sidebar link to use subst:CONTENTLANGUAGE</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138" xml:space="preserve">//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_la.wikibooks.org&amp;uselang=la</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Foedus Trianoniense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2479</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6837</id>
      <parentid>6835</parentid>
      <timestamp>2010-12-19T08:12:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Martinus000001</username>
        <id>716</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3217" xml:space="preserve">Foedus quod anno CMXXI-o quinto Iulias Kalendas consecutum erat, anno CMXXI-o pridie Iulias Kalendas ad sedem iurum assurrexit.

'''Commentarius XXXIII. anno CMXXI-o.'''

Cum Civitatibus Foederatis Americanis Septentrionalibus, Imperio Britanniae, Francia, Italia et Iaponia, atque Belgio, Sina, Cuba, Graecia, Nikaragua, Panama, Polonia, Portugallia, Romania, Regno Serbico-Croatico-Slovenico, Thailandia, Bohemoslovacia anno CMXX-o Nonis Iuniis de apud Trianon facto foedere composito commentando.

=(Praeambulum)=
1. § Necessitatis respectu, quae Hungariam pertinens per Hungariae infelicem exitum processit, cuiusque tempore Hungaricae administrationi apud decretum ad foedus subscribendum habet gravitatem: Cum Civitatibus Foederatis Americanis Septentrionalibus, Imperio Britanniae, Francia, Italia et Iaponia, atque Belgio, Sina, Cuba, Graecia, Nikaragua, Panama, Polonia, Portugallia, Romania, Regno Serbico-Croatico-Slovenico, Thailandia et Bohemoslovacia anno CMXX pridie Iunias Nonas apud Trianon compositi foederis et cum propinqua tabula appendicibusque, et libris commentariorum decretoque, quo foedus completur, sub legis vincula Hungaricae civitatis coniciuntur.

2. § Secundum primum paragraphum sub legis vincula coniectae exceptiones ministerio ipso pigneratae, sed, si ita necessaria praecepta obiecta legislationis attinent, nationali gregi conlato impetranda sunt.

3. § Foedere suisque appendicibus, ad quorum rectam explicationem anno CMXX pridie Maios Nonas scripta epistula et responsa conferunt, textus originaliter Francogallice in officio sic incipitur:

Foedus

Civitates Foederatae Americae, Imperium Britanniae, Francia, Italia et Iaponia, quae hoc foedus praesens Potestates Foederetas et Consociantes nominat,

Belgium, Sina, Cuba, Graecia, Nicaragua, Panama, Polonia, Portugallia, Romania, Regnum Serbicum-Croaticum-Slovenicum, Thailandia, et Bohemoslovacia, qui Potestates Foederatas et Consociantes constituunt cum principalibus potestatibus

partim;

et Hungaria

partim;

respectu permissionis indutiarum ex parte Austrohungariae secundum petitionem imperatoriam et regiam Potestates Foederatae et Consociantes anno CMXVIII, tertio Nonas Februarias factae, Hungariamque pertinens subbpelentum in pactione millitari anno CMXVIII, quattuordecimo Kalendas Decembres

respectu desiderii Potestatum Foederatarum et Consociantium ut stabilis, permanens, multaeque iustitiae pax componenda in eius belli locum succedat, quod in bellum, indirecte aut directe, contra Austrohungariam, multi eorum in cursu rerum tractatae sunt, quodque bello ad Serbiam denuntiatio Austrohungaricae praeteritae gubernationis imperatoriae et regiae ac inimicitiis Germania cum Austrohungaria foederatae inceptum est, 

respectu Monarchiae Austriae et Hungariae iam minime stantis eiusque ad locum in Hungaria gubernatio nationalis fungitur. 

itaque Litigatores Pacem Componentes delecti sunt:
(sequitur appellatio delectorum),

qui bene modoque accommodato inventae auctoritatibus commutatis in decretis convenerunt:

Foedere subscripto praesenti status militaris aberit.

Hoc de tempore et praesentis foederis decretis his sistentibus Potestates Foederatae et Consociantes officialiter se coniungunt.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Foedus Trianonense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2480</id>
    <redirect title="Foedus Trianoniense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)" />
    <revision>
      <id>6836</id>
      <timestamp>2010-12-05T18:39:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Martinus000001</username>
        <id>716</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>movit [[Foedus Trianonense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)]] ad [[Foedus Trianoniense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Foedus Trianoniense (translatio e Hungarico in Latinum sermonem)]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2492</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6853</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T13:49:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Croatica|Lingua Croatica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.  {{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}  [[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="170" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de [[w:Lingua Croatica|Lingua Croatica]] in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Glossarium Croatice</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>2493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6854</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T13:50:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '[[Categoria:Linguae]]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Linguae]]</text>
      <sha1>0kxkens2v89zy7aa3zuyshlci58xw3d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Iter facere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6860</id>
      <parentid>6859</parentid>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:14:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1111" xml:space="preserve">:'''Ubi est ...?''' = Gdje je ...?
:'''Quantum vectura est? Quanti tessera constat?''' = Kolika je cijena vožnje?
:'''Tessera''' = Karta
:'''Una tessera ad ..., quaeso''' = Kartu za ..., molim.
:'''Quo vadis?''' = Kamo ideš/idete?
:'''Ubi habitas?''' = Gdje živiš/živite?

:'''automobilis''' = Auto
:'''Trenum''', '''hamaxostychus''' = Vlak
:'''Laophorum, autobus, autoraeda longa, coenautocinetum''' = Autobus
:'''Ferrivia subterranea''' = Podzemna željeznica
:'''Aeroportus''' = Aerodrom
:'''Statio ferriviaria''' = Željeznička stanica
:'''Statio autobusica''' = Autobusni kolodvor
:'''Statio subterranea''' = Podzemna željeznica
:'''Abitus''' = Odlazak 
:'''Adventus''' = Dolazak
:'''Autoraedae locandae''' = Agencija za iznajmljivanje auta
:'''Area stativa''' = Parkiralište
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Turističke informacije

:'''Albergum, Deversorium, Hospitium''' = Hotel   
:'''Conclave''' = Soba
:'''Condicia''' = Rezervacija
:'''Suntne cubicula libera?''' = Ima li slobodnih soba?
:'''Nulla sunt''' = Nema

:'''Syngraphus''' = Putovnica

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Mercatus et Cena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2495</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6861</id>
      <parentid>6858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:15:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1266" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quanti constat?''' = Koliko košta?  
:'''Quid hoc est?''' = Što je ovo?  
:'''Id emam.''' = Kupit ću. 
:'''Emere volo ...''' = Želio/željela bih kupiti ...  
:'''Habesne ...''' = Imate li ...  
:'''chartulas fidei accipis?''' = Primate li kreditne kartice?   
:'''Apertus''' = Otvoren
:'''Occlusus''' = Zatvoren
:'''Charta postalis''' = Razglednica
:'''Tessera epistularis''' = (poštanske) marke
:'''Pauci''' = Malo
:'''Multi''' = Puno
:'''Omnes''' = Sve

:'''Ieiunium''' = Doručak
:'''Prandium''' = Ručak
:'''Cena''' = Večera
:'''Vegetarius''' = Vegetarijanac
:'''Purus''' = Košer
:'''Bene te!''' = Živjeli!
:'''Rationem affer, quaeso.''' = Donesite račun, molim.

:'''Panis''' = Kruh
:'''Potio''' = Piće
:'''Cafea (Arabica)''' = Kava
:'''Thea''' = Čaj
:'''Sucus''' = Sok
:'''Aqua''' = Voda
:'''Aqua mineralis''' = Mineralna voda
:'''Cervisia''' = Pivo
:'''Vinum''' = Vino
:'''Sal''' = Sol  
:'''Piper''' = Papar
:'''Caro''' = Meso
:'''Bubula Caro''' = Govedina
:'''Porcina''' = Svinjetina
:'''Piscis''' = Riba  
:'''Aves cohortales''' = Perad
:'''Holus''' = Povrće
:'''Pomum''' = Voće
:'''Patata''' = Krumpir
:'''Acetaria''' = Salata
:'''Bellaria''' = Desert   
:'''Glacies, Gelatum''' = Sladoled

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Verba principalia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2496</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6862</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:24:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '==Enuntationes priores== :'''Ita (verō), Rēctē, Est, Sīc''' = Da :'''Non, Minime''' = Ne :'''Grātiās agō''' = Hvala :'''Grātiās multās agō''' = Puno hvala :'...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2042" xml:space="preserve">==Enuntationes priores==
:'''Ita (verō), Rēctē, Est, Sīc''' = Da
:'''Non, Minime''' = Ne
:'''Grātiās agō''' = Hvala
:'''Grātiās multās agō''' = Puno hvala
:'''Ad voluntātem''' = Nema na čemu
:'''Sīs / Quaesō / Amābo tē / Sī placet''' = Molim te
:'''Mē excūsa / Ignōsce mihi''' = Oprostite
:'''Salvē, Salvēte''' = Zdravo, Halo, Doviđenja; Dobro jutro/dobra večer, itd.
:'''Valē, Valēte / Avē, Avēte''' = Doviđenja, Zdravo

==Linguae==
:'''Non intellegō.''' = Ne razumijem.
:'''Quōmodo croatice hoc dicunt/dicitur?''' = Kako se to kaže na Hrvatskom? 
:'''Loquerisne ...''' = Pričaš li ...  
:'''Anglicē''' = Engleski
:'''Croatice''' = Hrvatski
:'''Francogallicē''' = Francuski
:'''Theodiscē''' = Njemački
:'''Graecē''' = Grčki
:'''Hispānicē''' = Španjolski
:'''Ītalicē''' = Talijanski
:'''Sinicē''' = Kineski
:'''Indicē''' = Hindu

==Personae==
:'''Ego''' = Ja
:'''Tū''' = Ti   
:'''Is / Ea / Id''' = On / Ona / Ono
:'''Nōs''' = Mi
:'''Vōs''' = Vi
:'''Eī / Eae / Ea''' = Oni / One / Ona

==Conversatio==
:'''Quid nōmen tibi est?''' = Kako se zoveš?
:'''Gaudeō tē vidēre.''' = Drago mi je što smo se upoznali.
:'''Quid agis? Quōmodo valēs? Ut valēs? Qui valēs''' = Kako si?
:'''Valeō / Bene mihi est / Rēctē / Bellē/ Mē bene Habeō''' = Dobro sam.
:'''Bene''' = Dobro
:'''Perbellē / Bellissimē''' = Jako dobro
:'''Male''' = Loše
:'''Admodum bene / Variē''' = Tako tako
:'''Quid vis?''' = Što želiš?
:'''Quid novi?''' = Što ima novo?
:'''Cūrā ut valeās''' = Čuvaj se
:'''Molliter cubes''' = Laku noć

==Familia==
:'''Uxor''' = Žena (supruga)
:'''Maritus''' = Muž (suprug)
:'''Fīlia''' = Kćer
:'''Fīlius''' = Sin
:'''Māter''' = Majka
:'''Pater''' = Otac
:'''Soror''' = Sestra
:'''Frater''' = Brat
:'''Amīcus''' = Prijatelj
:'''Amīca''' = Prijateljica
:'''Avunculus''' = Ujak
:'''Avus''' = Djed
:'''Ava''' = Baka

==Loci==
:'''Ubī sunt loca sēcrēta? Ubī est sēcessus?''' = Gdje je kupaonica? Gdje je toalet?

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Loca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2497</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6863</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:26:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ':'''Deribitorium''' = Pošta :'''Museum''' = Muzej :'''Argentaria''' = Banka :'''Casa vigilum, Sedes custòdum''' = Policijska stanica :'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="705" xml:space="preserve">:'''Deribitorium''' = Pošta
:'''Museum''' = Muzej
:'''Argentaria''' = Banka
:'''Casa vigilum, Sedes custòdum''' = Policijska stanica
:'''Valetudinarium, Nosocomìum''' = Bolnica
:'''Pharmacopolium, Medicamentarii taberna''' = Ljekarna
:'''Taberna''' = Trgovina
:'''Caupona, Popina''' = Restoran
:'''Ludus / Schola''' =  Osnovna škola / Škola
:'''Ecclesia''' = Crkva
:'''Secessus / Loca secreta''' = Zahod
:'''Via''' = Ulica
:'''Forum''' = Trg
:'''Mons''' = Planina
:'''Collis''' = Brdo  
:'''Vallis''' = Dolina
:'''Mare''' = Ocean   
:'''Lacus''' = Jezero
:'''Flumen / Fluvius''' = Rijeka
:'''Piscina''' = Bazen
:'''Turris''' = Toranj
:'''Pons''' = Most

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>bd0tf6tn9vd51lss8ud8k5fyskysqwa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Numeri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2498</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6864</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:30:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ':'''nihil, zero''' = nula :'''unus''' = jedan :'''duo''' = dva :'''tres''' = tri :'''quattuor''' = četiri :'''quinque''' = pet :'''sex''' = šest :'''septem''' = sedam...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="914" xml:space="preserve">:'''nihil, zero''' = nula
:'''unus''' = jedan
:'''duo''' = dva
:'''tres''' = tri
:'''quattuor''' = četiri
:'''quinque''' = pet
:'''sex''' = šest
:'''septem''' = sedam
:'''octo''' = osam
:'''novem''' = devet
:'''decem''' = deset

:'''undecim''' = jedanaest
:'''duodecim''' = dvanaest
:'''tredecim''' = trinaest
:'''quattuordecim''' = četrnaest
:'''quindecim''' = petnaest
:'''sedecim''' = šesnaest
:'''septendecim''' = sedamnaest
:'''duodeviginti''' = osamnaest
:'''undeviginti''' = devetnaest
:'''viginti''' = dvadeset
:'''viginti unus, unus et viginti''' = dvadeset jedan

:'''triginta''' = trideset
:'''quadraginta''' = četrdeset
:'''quinquaginta''' = pedeset
:'''sexaginta''' = šezdeset
:'''septuaginta''' = sedamdeset
:'''octoginta''' = osamdeset
:'''nonaginta''' = devedeset
:'''centum''' = sto
:'''mille''' = tisuću
:'''decies centena milia''' = milijun

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Mandata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2499</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6865</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:31:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ':'''Laeva, Sinister''' = Lijevo   :'''Dextra''' = Desno :'''In derectum''' = Ravno :'''Sursum''' = Gore :'''Deorsum''' = Dolje :'''Procul''' = Daleko :'''Prope''' = Bli...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="357" xml:space="preserve">:'''Laeva, Sinister''' = Lijevo  
:'''Dextra''' = Desno
:'''In derectum''' = Ravno
:'''Sursum''' = Gore
:'''Deorsum''' = Dolje
:'''Procul''' = Daleko
:'''Prope''' = Blizu
:'''Longus''' = Dugačak
:'''Brevis''' = Kratak
:'''Tabula geographica''' = Mapa
:'''Officium peregrinationum''' = Turističke informacije

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>1vuxdrvfiqm763znpuhx6i8zjkd0p17</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Croatice/Tempus et diem ascribere</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2500</id>
    <revision>
      <id>6866</id>
      <timestamp>2011-02-20T14:35:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ivan.milicic3510</username>
        <id>793</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ':'''Quota hora est?''' = Koliko je sati? :'''h7 min13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, sedam i trinaest :'''h3 min15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, t...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1287" xml:space="preserve">:'''Quota hora est?''' = Koliko je sati?
:'''h7 min13, hora septima minuta tertia decima''' = 7:13, sedam i trinaest
:'''h3 min15, hora tertia et quadrante''' = 3:15, tri i petnaest, petnaest do pola četiri
:'''h11 min30, hora undecima et dimidia''' = 11:30, jedanaest i trideset,  pola dvanaest
:'''h1 min45, hora prima et dodrante''' = 1:45, jedan i četrdeset pet, petnaest do dva

:'''Dies''' = Dan
:'''Septimana / Hebdomas''' = Tjedan
:'''Mensis''' = Mjesec
:'''Annus''' = Godina

:'''Dies Lunae''' = Ponedjeljak
:'''Dies Martis''' = Utorak
:'''Dies Mercurii''' = Srijeda
:'''Dies Iovis''' = Četvrtak
:'''Dies Veneris''' = Petak
:'''Dies Saturni, Sabbatum''' = Subota
:'''Dies Solis, Dies Dominica''' = Nedjelja

:'''Ianuarius''' = Siječanj
:'''Februarius''' = Veljača
:'''Martius''' = Ožujak
:'''Aprilis''' = Travanj
:'''Maius''' = Svibanj
:'''Iunius''' = Lipanj
:'''Quinctilis, (Iulius)''' = Srpanj
:'''Sextilis, (Augustus)''' = Kolovoz
:'''September''' = Rujan
:'''October''' = Listopad
:'''November''' = Studeni
:'''December''' = Prosinac

:'''Ver''' = Proljeće
:'''Aestas''' = Ljeto
:'''Autumnus''' = Jesen 
:'''Hiems''' = Zima

:'''Hodie''' = Danas
:'''Heri''' = Jučer
:'''Cras''' = Sutra

:'''Dies natalis''' = Rođendan

[[Categoria:{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Grammatica Latina/Genus substantivorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2519</id>
    <redirect title="Grammatica Latina/Sexus substantivorum" />
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      <id>6891</id>
      <timestamp>2011-04-30T17:13:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Redirigens ad [[Grammatica Latina/Sexus substantivorum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="177" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Grammatica Latina/Sexus substantivorum]]

[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Substantiva|Genus substantivorum]]
[[Categoria:Grammatica Latina/Index|Genus substantivorum]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>De Zamenhofianorum ineptiis, sc. excogitationibus assequendis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
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      <text bytes="408" xml:space="preserve">''Lectori SPD.''

Quaedam nugarum, mi lector honorandissime, ex quibus nonnullorum linguae fictae fautorum multitudo minus se congregabat, qui artis grammaticae meritis abusis ante populum producerentur, sententiis plerumque delectantibus cuiusmodi faciem atque viscera humani corporis omnia, Zamenhoficum sermonem seu Esperanticum, qui dicitur, rem tanquam medicamento salutari curarum externarum divolgant.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Formula:Bot</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2583</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Wikitanvir</username>
        <id>670</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>'Creating widely used bot template as it does not exist on this wiki. Feel free to translate this template in your local language or redirect it to the relative template if that already exists in a different name'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1005" xml:space="preserve">{| align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; style=&quot;padding: 8px; border: 2px solid #000; width: 80%; text-align: justify;&quot;
|- valign=&quot;center&quot;
| [[File:Crystal Clear action run.svg|90px|left|link=]] || '''This user account is a [[m:en:Wikipedia:Bots|bot]], operated by [[User:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]] ([[User talk:{{{1}}}|talk]]).'''&lt;br /&gt;It is not a [[m:en:Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|sock-puppet]], but rather an automated or semi-automated account for making repetitive edits that would be extremely tedious to do manually.&lt;br /&gt;''Administrators: if this bot is malfunctioning or causing harm, please [{{fullurl:Special:Blockip|wpBlockAddress={{PAGENAMEE}}&amp;wpBlockExpiry=indefinite&amp;wpAnonOnly=0&amp;wpEnableAutoblock=0&amp;wpCreateAccount=0&amp;wpBlockReason=Bot%20malfunctioning:%20}} block it].''
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;
== Documentation ==
* Replace &quot;Example&quot; with your bot's username.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|-
! width=&quot;150px&quot; | Code 
! Result 
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Bot|Example}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Bot|Example}}
|}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Prosodia Latina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2832</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>7453</parentid>
      <timestamp>2017-07-06T19:29:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Special:LintErrors/obsolete-tag]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1608" xml:space="preserve">== Prosodia Latina ==


=== Syllabae ===

Syllabarum aliae sunt '''longae''', ut, ''mūsǣ'', ''cōnstānt''; Aliae sunt '''breves''', ut, ''dĕŭs'', ''dŏmĭnŭs''; Aliae sunt '''ancipites''', ''sive '''communes''''', ut, ''tenễbrae'', ''funễbris''. Vocantur ancipites quia in carmine ad libitum modò sunt breves modò longae, prout metri negessitas postulat.

=== Elisio ===

Ante sequentem vocalem, littera '''&quot;M&quot;''' in fine dictionis eliditur cum sua vocali, item vocalis finalis.

'''Exemplum elisionis litterae &quot;M&quot;'''

:''Heu magnum alterius frustra spectabis acervum''

In hoc hexametro, ultima syllaba &quot;''um''&quot; verbi ''&quot;magnum&quot;'' eliditur &lt;br /&gt;

:''Hēu māgñ ''(um)'' | āltĕrĭ | ūs // frūs | trā spēc | tābĭs ă | cērvūm''

Quo pauciores sunt elisiones, eo elegantiora carmina sunt. Duriora sunt haec:

:''Trōiă, nĕf | ās, com | mune se | pulcr (um) // Eur | ōp (ae) Asi | aeque,''&lt;br/&gt;
::''Trōiă uĭr ''(um)'' '''|''' et virt '''|''' ūt '(um)' '''||''' ōmni ''(um)'' ac '''|''' erba ci '''|''' nis (Catullus, 68)''

=== Pedes ===
Pedes ex syllabis constant, quorum quator sunt '''Disyllabi''', ''hoc est'', duas habent syllabas, et octo sunt '''Trisyllabi''', quae habent tres.  

==== Disyllabi ====
===== Spondeus =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|¯ ¯||spondeus
|}

Ex duabus longis constat ut ''mūsās'', ''fōrtēs''

===== Pyrrichius =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|˘ ˘||pyrrichius
|}

===== Trochaeus =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|¯ ˘||trochaeus
|}

===== Iambus =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|˘ ¯||iambus
|}

==== Trisyllabi ====
==== Quadrisyllabi ====</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Glossarium Alsatice</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2862</id>
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      <timestamp>2015-01-16T04:18:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>67.173.69.202</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Numeri */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1213" xml:space="preserve">Vide etiam paginam de Lingua Alsatice in [[w:|Vicipaedia]], encyclopaedia libera.

==Numeri==

:Numeri = Zàhla

:nihil, zero = null
:unus = eins
:duo = zwei
:tres = drèi
:quattuor = viar
:quinque = fìmf
:sex = sechs
:septem = sewena
:octo = àcht
:novem = niin
:decem = zehna
:undecim = elfa
:duodecim = zwälfa
:tredecim = dritzenna
:quattuordecim = viarzenna
:quindecim = fufzenna
:sedecim = sachzenna
:septendecim = sìbzenna
:duodeviginti = àchtzenna
:undeviginti = niinzenna
:viginti = zwànzig
:triginta = drissig
:quadraginta = viarzig
:quinquaginta = fufzig
:sexaginta = sachzig
:septuaginta = sìbtzig
:octoginta = àchtzig
:nonaginta = niinzig
:centum = hundert
:mille = tàuisig

:primus = erscht
:secundus = zweit
:tertius = drìtt
:quartus = viart
:quintus = fìmft
:sextus = sechst
:septimus = sìebt
:octavus = àcht
:nonus = niint
:decimus = zenht
:undecimus = elft
:duodecimus = zwälft
:tertiusdecimus = drittzent
:quartusdecimus = viarzent
:quintusdecimus = fufzent
:sextusdecimus = sachzent
:septimusdecimus = sìbzent
:duodevigensimus = àchtzent
:undevicesimus = niinzent
:vigesimus = zwànzigscht

:dimidium = hälfta


{{Special:Prefixindex/{{PAGENAME}}/}}

[[Categoria:{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 1 utendi linguam French esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum N utendi linguam Portuguese esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 2 utendi linguam Spanish esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 2 utendi linguam Catalan esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 2 utendi linguam Galician esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 2 utendi linguam Mirandese esse</text>
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      <comment>[[Project:Babel|Babel]] Categoriae pagina ipsa mox  creabitur. Expecta, quaeso.</comment>
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      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 1 utendi linguam Italian esse</text>
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      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">Usores in hac categoria inclusi nuntiant sibi gradum 1 utendi linguam Aragonese esse</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis</title>
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      <id>10430</id>
      <parentid>10429</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-30T08:37:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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      <text bytes="4508" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE: ''Compendium pathologiae hominis''}}
''{{StatusConfectionis|1}}''
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#DCDCDC; border:1px solid #333333; padding:5px; text-align:center;&quot;&gt;

'''''Compendium corporis hominis pathologiae anatomicae cum histopathologia'''''

''Translatio ex parte Vicilibri Theodisci [http://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pathologie Pathologie]''

&lt;/div&gt;

{| style=&quot;width:100%; padding:0;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;padding:20px; vertical-align:top;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; |
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
[[/Praefatio/|''Praefatio'']]

=== De Pathologiae muneris methodisque ===
: [[/Pathologiae ens/|Quid est pathologia?]]
: [[/Salus et morbus et mors|De salute et morbo et morte]]
: [[/Patholgiae methodi|Methodi pathologiae]]

== ''Pathologia generalis'' ==
:[[/Reactiones accomodationis/|''Reactiones accomodationis'']]
:[[/Damnum cellularum et textuum/|''Damnum cellularum et textuum'']]
:[[/Noxa exogena/|''Noxa exogena'']]
:[[/Inflammatio/|''Inflammatio'']]
:[[/Degeneratio/|''Degeneratio'']]
:[[/Cancer/|''Cancer'']]

== ''Pathologia systematum'' ==

=== ''Sanguis, medulla ossium et systema immunitatis'' ===
:''[[Systema haematopoeticum]] • [[Systema lymphaceum]] • [[Haematologia]] • [[Vitia systematis immunitatis]] • [[Reactiones pathologicae systematis immunitatis]]''

=== ''Systema cardiovasculare'' ===
:''[[Cor]] • [[Vasa sanguinea]] • [[Mediastinum]]''

=== ''Systema respiratorium'' ===
:''[[Tractus respiratorius superior]] • [[Tractus respiratorius inferior et pulmones]] • [[Pleura]]''

=== ''Systema gastrointestinale'' ===
:''[[Os et glandulae salivariae]] • [[Oesophagus]] • [[Gaster]] • [[Intestinum]] • [[Hepar]] • [[Tractus biliaris]] • [[/Pancreas#pars exocrinea/|Pancreas]] (pars exocrinea)''

=== ''Systema urogenitale'' ===
:''[[/Renes|Renes]] • [[/Ureteres|Ureteres]] • [[/Vesica urinaria|Vesica urinaria]] • [[/Urethra|Urethra]]''

:''[[Glandulae mammariae]] • [[Ovaria]] • [[Uterus et cervix]] • [[Vagina et vulva]] • [[Gestatio]]''

:''[[Testes et epididymes]] • [[Prostata]] • [[Penis]]''

=== ''Systema endocrineum'' ===
:''[[Systema endocrineum]] • [[/Hypophysis|Hypophysis]] • [[/Glandula thyreoidea/|Glandula thyreoidea]] • [[Glandulae parathyreoideae]] • [[Glandulae adrenales]] (Glandulae suprarenales) • [[Pancreas]] (pars endocrinea) • [[Systema endocrineum diffusum]] (cum cellulis APUD)''

=== ''Neuropathologia'' ===
:''[[Systema nervosum centrale]] • [[Neoplasmata systematis nervosi]] • [[Columna vertebralis et medulla spinalis]] • [[Systema nervosum periphericum]] • [[Musculi]]''

=== ''Systema locomotoricum'' ===
: ''[[Articulationes]] • [[Ossa]] • [[Neoplasmata cartilaginis ossisque]] • [[Tendines, fasciae, textus connectivi]]''

=== ''Integumentum (Dermatopathologia)'' ===
:''[[Structurae cutis atque adnexa]] • [[Morbi cutis hereditarii]] • [[Morbi cutis autoimmunitatis cum bullis]] • [[Mala textuum connectivorum cutis non heritabilia]] • [[Morbi cutis microbiales]] • [[Neoplasmata cutis]] • [[Symptomata cutanea apud morbos alios]]''

=== ''Organa sensuum'' ===
:''[[/Oculi/|Oculi]] • [[/Aures/|Aures]]''

=== ''Metabolismus'' ===
:[[/Mala morbique metabolici/|''Mala morbique metabolici'']]

=== ''Appendices'' ===
:[[/Procedurae manuales praeparationis textuum/|''Procedurae manuales praeparationis textuum'']]
:[[/Glossarium/|''Glossarium'']]
:[[/Fontes/|''Fontes'']]

| style=&quot;padding:20px; vertical-align:top;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; |

&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Colonic serrated adenoma (2) histopatholgy.jpg|240px|Colonadenoma, Histologia.]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Adenocarcinoma (3922611807).jpg|240px|Adenocarcinoma.]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Burkitt lymphoma, touch prep, Wright stain.jpg|240px|Lymphoma Burkittiense, Histologi.]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Alzheimer dementia (3) presenile onset.jpg|240px|Morbus Alzheimerianus, Histologia.]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Struma ovarii - low mag.jpg|240px|Struma ovarii, Histologia.]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:20px;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;''[[Fasciculus:Mastoiditis1.jpg|240px|Mastoiditis, aspectus externus.]]''&lt;/div&gt;

|}

&lt;div style=&quot;background-color:WhiteSmoke; padding:5px;&quot;&gt;
''Cave: notitiae huius compendii nec praescriptiones nec consilia medica sunt.''
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis]]</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Praefatio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2985</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8148</id>
      <parentid>8004</parentid>
      <timestamp>2019-10-12T09:06:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Pathologia anatomica ad phaenomenologiam, positivismum, classificationem spectat.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="458" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, mucinous type.jpg|thumb|Carcinoma bronchioloalveolare, mucinosum, H&amp;E.]]

Compendium hoc sit summarium breve pathologiae anatomicae histopathologiaeque hominis. 

In extensis autem ''pathophysiologia'' et ''pathobiochemia'' et ''pathogenetica'' &lt;u&gt;aliter&lt;/u&gt; tractentur.

Si errorem vel obscuritatem cognoscas, ne cunteris mentionem facere hic: [[Disputatio:Compendium pathologiae hominis|Errores et emendationes]].</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Prooemium</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="2028" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Phaenomena organismi vividi et de vita in genere ==
Organismis vividis insignia typica sunt:
* Metabolismus ad vitam eius generandum conservandumque 
* Facultas gubernationis propriae
* Facultas variantia genera sui proprii formandi

De vitae ente cogitantes, iam olim philosophi Graeci mentionem inferebant excogitabantque exempla varia:&lt;br /&gt;
''Heraclitus'' circa annum 500 AD duo principia elaboravit: primum de ''perpetuitatis'' vitae tam incipientis quam desinentis; deinde de coniunctione vitae pendente vitae de verbo, ''λόγος''. Postea philosophi ''Democritus'' iter materialisticum et ''Plato'' idealisticum descripserunt.

== De sanitate et insanitate ==

== Pathologia in genere ==
[[Fasciculus:CRUVEILHIER.jpg|thumb|Ioannes Cruveilhier.]]
Pathologia est ''doctrina passionum'', et verba ''πάθος'', &quot;Patho-&quot; (Lat. passio; morbus) et ''λόγος'', ''logos'' (Lat.: verbum; doctrina) de lingua Graeca emanaverunt. Pathologia est disciplina medica, quae causas (aetiologias), machinationes earum procreationis, mutationes visibiles (oculis vel sub microscopio), atque cursus morborum cum methodis morphologice conceptis concipit.

== Historia pathologiae disciplinae ==
[[Fasciculus:Gorman and Feeley.jpg|thumb|Microscopium unum ex instrumentorum magnorum in pathologia. Hic investigatio bacteriorum annis 1978.]]
De facto pathologia ex disciplina medica anatomiae emanavit. 

Anno 1761 anatomus M&lt;small&gt;OGAGNI&lt;/small&gt; (1682-1771) opus suum ''De sedibus et causis morborum'' divulgavit. 

Pathologia sane hodierna demum in saeculo undevicesimo eluxit: In Francia anatomus et pathologus C&lt;small&gt;RUVEILHIER&lt;/small&gt; (1791-1874) anno 1829 librum ''Anatomia pathologica corporis humani'', et in Austria, anno 1842, &lt;small&gt;VON &lt;/small&gt;R&lt;small&gt;OKITANSKY&lt;/small&gt; (1804-1878) ''librum definitivum anatamomiae pathologicae'' suum scripsit. In Germania V&lt;small&gt;IRCHOW&lt;/small&gt; (1821-1902) notionem ''pathologiae cellularis'' firmavit.</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:Superscriptio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>10035</id>
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      <timestamp>2021-12-10T08:52:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>2003:DA:A705:B100:7CBB:D555:83B3:7389</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Vandalismi causa. Abrogans recensionem 10032 ab usore [[Special:Contributions/2001:4454:607:9400:902E:45D8:9EBC:FDBF|2001:4454:607:9400:902E:45D8:9EBC:FDBF]] ([[User talk:2001:4454:607:9400:902E:45D8:9EBC:FDBF|Disputatio]])</comment>
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      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Navigatio[[Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formulae|Superscriptio]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Module:TemplateUtils</title>
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        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
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      <text bytes="1469" xml:space="preserve">--- Modul mit Utility-Funktionen, die vor allem für Vorlagenporgrammierung geeignet sind.

local TemplateUtils = {}

local utils = require(&quot;Module:Utils&quot;)

--- Gibt das aktuelle Projekt zurück.
function TemplateUtils.current_project(frame)
    local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text

    return mw.text.split(title, &quot;[:/]&quot;)[1]
end

--- Extracts the text behind a &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; tag.
--
-- @param code Code mit nowiki strip markers
function TemplateUtils.unstripNoWiki(frame)
    return utils.unstripNoWiki(frame.args.code or &quot;&quot;)
end
    

--- Expandiert Wiki-Code, welcher über den Parameter &lt;code&gt;code&lt;/code&gt; übergeben wurde.
--
-- @param code der zu expandierende Code
function TemplateUtils.expand(frame)
    return frame:preprocess(utils.unstripNoWiki(frame.args.code or &quot;&quot;))
end

--- Expandiert Wiki-Code wie die Methode &lt;code&gt;expand()&lt;/code&gt;. Man Ende werden aber Kategorien aus der Expandierung entfernt. Dies ist zum Beispiel hilfreich, wenn Vorlagen demonstriert werden.
--
-- @param code der zu expandierende Code
function TemplateUtils.demo(frame)
    -- expand code
    local result = TemplateUtils.expand(frame)

    -- Kategorien entfernen
    result = result:gsub(&quot;%[%[Kategorie:[^%]]+%]%]&quot;, &quot;&quot;)

    return result
end

--- Gibt einen zufälligen Inhalt zurück
--
function TemplateUtils.random(frame)
   math.randomseed(os.time())

   local list = utils.to_table(frame)

   return list[math.random(#list)]
end

return TemplateUtils</text>
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    <title>Module:Utils</title>
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        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>Module:Utils</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="3037" xml:space="preserve">--- Modul mit Utility-Funktionen, die in diversen anderen Modulen verwendet werden können

local utils = {}

--- Gibt &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; zurück, dann und genau dann wenn String &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt; mit &lt;code&gt;Start&lt;/code&gt; beginnt.
--
-- @param String der zu testende String
-- @param End Anfang des Strings
function utils.starts(String,Start)
    return string.sub(String,1,string.len(Start))==Start
end

--- Gibt &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; zurück, dann und genau dann wenn String &lt;code&gt;String&lt;/code&gt; mit &lt;code&gt;End&lt;/code&gt; endet.
--
-- @param String der zu testende String
-- @param End Ende des Strings
function utils.ends(String,End)
    return End=='' or string.sub(String,-string.len(End))==End
end

--- Extracts text behind &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.
--
-- @param code Code mit nowiki strip markers
function utils.unstripNoWiki(code)
    local result = mw.text.unstrip(code)
    
    -- change the eintities for '&lt;', '&gt;', '&amp;' and ' ' to their Unicode symbols
    -- (this is necessary because otherwise tags like %lt;math&amp;gt; inside the code will not be expanded)
    result = string.gsub(result, '&amp;lt;', '&lt;')
    result = string.gsub(result, '&amp;gt;', '&gt;')
    result = string.gsub(result, '&amp;amp;', '&amp;')
    
    return result
end

function utils.to_iterator(obj, item_arg, list_arg)
    list_arg = list_arg or &quot;liste&quot;
    item_arg = item_arg or &quot;element&quot;
    
    if type(obj) == &quot;function&quot; then
        -- obj is already an iterator
        return obj
    elseif type(obj) == &quot;table&quot; then
        if obj.args and obj.args[list_arg] then
            -- obj is frame with list argument
            local list_code = mw.text.trim(obj.args[list_arg], &quot;*# &quot;)
            
            return mw.text.gsplit(list_code, &quot;[\n\r]+[*#]&quot;)
        elseif obj.args and obj.args[item_arg .. &quot;1&quot;] then
            -- obj is frame with each element in different argument
            local i = 0
            
            return function()
                i = i + 1

                return obj.args[item_arg .. tostring(i)]
            end
        else
            -- obj is a table -&gt; return iterator over table
            local iter, obj, i = ipairs(obj)
            
            return function()
                obj, i = iter(obj, i)
                
                return obj
            end
        end
    else
        error(&quot;given object is not iterable&quot;)
    end
end

function utils.to_table(obj, item_arg, list_arg)
    list_arg = list_arg or &quot;liste&quot;
    item_arg = item_arg or &quot;element&quot;
    
    if type(obj) == &quot;function&quot; then
        local result = {}
        local i = 0
        
        for item in obj do
            i = i + 1
            result[i] = item
        end
        
        return result
    elseif type(obj) == &quot;table&quot; then
    	if obj.args then
            -- obj seems to be a frame
    		return utils.to_table( utils.to_iterator(obj, item_arg, list_arg) )
    	else
	        -- obj is a normal table
	        return obj
	    end
    else
        error(&quot;given object is not iterable&quot;)
    end
end

return utils</text>
      <sha1>sz5jc7dnglqlmsvuqlmhk1w78pd69lp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:StatusConfectionis</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2992</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8039</id>
      <parentid>8023</parentid>
      <timestamp>2019-10-06T12:21:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="249" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:{{{1|0}}}von10.png|{{{1|}}}0% fertig]] „{{#invoke:TemplateUtils|current_project}}“. Status confectionis secundum auctores {{#expr: {{{1|0}}}*10}}% est.&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!--
[[Categoria:Formulae Confectionis|{{PAGENAME}}]]--&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8suuqsijx60fpvzd7fpi9jbgal01bp4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:Navigatio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2993</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10265</id>
      <parentid>8503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-30T15:35:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5802" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #DCDCDC; border-left:1px solid #DCDCDC; border-bottom:1px solid #B5B5B5; border-right:1px solid #B5B5B5; padding:1em; font-size:80%;&quot;&gt;
[[Compendium pathologiae hominis|Pagina prima]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Prooemium|Prooemium in pathologiam in genere]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Reactiones accomodationis|Reactiones accomodationis]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Damnum cellularum et textuum|Damnum cellularum et textuum]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena|Noxa exogena]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Inflammatio|Inflammatio]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Degeneratio|Degeneratio]]&amp;nbsp;• [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Cancer|Cancer]]

* '''Sanguis, medulla ossium et systema immunitatis''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema haematopoeticum|Systema haematopoeticum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema lymphaceum|Systema lymphaceum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Haematologia|Haematologia]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vitia systematis immunitatis|Vitia systematis immunitatis]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Reactiones pathologicae systematis immunitatis|Reactiones pathologicae systematis immunitatis]]
* '''Systema cardiovasculare''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Cor|Cor]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vasa sanguinea|Vasa sanguinea]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Mediastinum|Mediastinum]]
* '''Systema respiratorium''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus respiratorius superior|Tractus respiratorius superior]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus respiratorius inferior et pulmones|Tractus respiratorius inferior et pulmones]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Pleura|Pleura]]
* '''Systema gastrointestinale''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Os et glandulae salivariae|Os et glandulae salivariae]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Oesophagus|Oesophagus]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Gaster|Gaster]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Intestinum|Intestinum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Hepar|Hepar]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus biliaris|Tractus biliaris]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Pancreas|Pancreas (pars exocrinea)]] 
* '''Systema urogenitale''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Renes|Renes]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Ureteres|Ureteres]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vesica urinaria|Vesica urinaria]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Urethra|Urethra]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae mammariae|Glandulae mammariae]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Ovaria|Ovaria]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Uterus et cervix|Uterus et cervix]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vagina et vulva|Vagina et vulva]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Gestatio|Gestatio]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Testes et epididymes|Testes et epididymes]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Prostata|Prostata]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Penis|Penis]]
* '''Systema endocrineum''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema endocrineum|Systema endocrineum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Hypophysis|Hypophysis]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandula thyreoidea|Glandula thyreoidea]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae parathyreoideae|Glandulae parathyreoideae]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae adrenales|Glandulae adrenales]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Pancreas|Pancreas (pars endocrinea)]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema endocrineum diffusum|Systema endocrineum diffusum (cum cellulis ''APUD'')]]
* '''Neuropathologia''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema nervosum centrale|Systema nervosum centrale]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Neoplasmata systematis nervosi|Neoplasmata systematis nervosi]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Columna vertebralis et medulla spinalis|Columna vertebralis et medulla spinalis]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema nervosum periphericum|Systema nervosum periphericum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Musculi|Musculi]]
* '''Systema locomotoricum''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Articulationes|Articulationes]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Ossa|Ossa]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Neoplasmata cartilaginis ossisque|Neoplasmata cartilaginis ossisque]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tendines, fasciae, textus connectivi|Tendines, fasciae, textus connectivi]] 
* '''Integumentum''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Structurae cutis atque adnexa|Structurae cutis atque adnexa]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Morbi cutis hereditarii|Morbi cutis hereditarii]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Morbi cutis autoimmunitatis cum bullis|Morbi cutis autoimmunitatis cum bullis]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Mala textuum connectivorum cutis non heritabilia|Mala textuum connectivorum cutis non heritabilia]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Morbi cutis microbiales|Morbi cutis microbiales]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Neoplasmata cutis|Neoplasmata cutis]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Symptomata cutanea apud morbos alios|Symptomata cutanea apud morbos alios]]
* '''Organa sensuum''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Oculi|Oculi]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Aures|Aures]]
* '''Metabolismus''': [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Mala morbique metabolici|Mala morbique metabolici]]

[[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Procedurae manuales praeparationis textuum|Procedurae manuales praeparationis textuum]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glossarium|Glossarium]] • [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Fontes|Fontes]]
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formulae|Navigatio]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Reactiones accomodationis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2994</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8772</id>
      <parentid>8325</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-12-07T22:09:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2701" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

Notio '''reactionis accomodationis''' hic sensu lato concipitur. Eae sunt actiones cellularum solarum, quae mutationibus numeri, voluminis, aspectus describi queant.
== Mutationes numeri cellularum ==
=== Hyperplasia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Numerus cellularis maior. Ut in hypertrophia volumen totius organi vel textus auget.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Exp.:&lt;/u&gt; Hyperplasia prostatae, medullae ossium, endometrii (→ [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Uterus et cervix#Endometrium|''uterus et cervix'']]).

=== Hypoplasia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Numerus cellularis minor
=== Aplasia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Numerus cellularis nullus, quamquam primordium est (''agenesis'': sine primordio)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Exp.:&lt;/u&gt; Aplasia vesicae biliaris, dentium molarium tertiorum; atque leucocytorum sub chemotherapiam

== Mutationes typi cellularum ==
=== Metaplasia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Mutatio typi cellularum

== Malformationes ==
=== Dysplasia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Malformatio cellularum&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Exp.:&lt;/u&gt; Achondroplasia, adenoma, dysplasia fibromuscularis

== Mutationes voluminis cellularum ==
=== Hypertrophia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Volumina cellularia maiora. Ut in hyperplasia volumen totius organi vel textus auget.

=== Hypotrophia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Volumina cellularia minora

=== Atrophia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Volumen organi vel textu minimum
Interdum distinguntur atrophia simplex et atrophia numerica: ''Atrophia simplex'' demunutio modo voluminum cellularium (e. g. hepatocytorum in famibus), et ''atrophia numerica'' hypoplasia, quod est deminutio numeri cellularum (e. g. apud coeliaciam), dicuntur.

=== Hydrops cellularis ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Incrementum multitudinis aquae intracellularis.

=== Dystrophia ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Notio male definita, non uniformiter adhibita.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Expl.:&lt;/u&gt; Dystrophia musculorum; dystrophia in famibus, dystrophia hepatis (=necroses parenchmatis hepatis), leucodystrophia metachromatica (in cerebro), dystrophia neuroaxonalis.

{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:One headlight (7453725950).jpg|thumb|Hypertrophia musculorum pectoralium]] 
| [[Fasciculus:Atrophic gastritis (low zoom).jpg|thumb|Exemplum atrophiae: Gastritis atrophica]]
| [[Fasciculus:Duchenne-muscular-dystrophy.jpg|thumb|Dystrophia muscularis D&lt;small&gt;UCHENNE&lt;/small&gt;]]
|}

== Mutationes sine apertura ==
=== Atresia ===

== Mala procreationis organi ==
=== Dysgenesis ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Procreatio abnormalis in embryogenesi, una cum malformatione&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Exp.:&lt;/u&gt; Dysgeneses gonadalis, adrenalis, thyreoidealis, segmenti anterioris
=== Agenesis ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Nulla creatio organi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Exp.:&lt;/u&gt; Amelia (membri superioris vel inferioris), agenesis renalis, agnathia (mandibulae)</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Damnum cellularum et textuum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2995</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8290</id>
      <parentid>8187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:18:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="368" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Damnum cellularum et textuum in genere ==
== Machinationes damnorum ==
== Pathomorphologia cellularis ==
=== Nucleus cellulae ===
=== Nucleolus ===
=== Apparatus G&lt;small&gt;OLGI&lt;/small&gt; ===
=== Mitochondria ===

== Mors cellulae ==
=== Apoptosis ===
=== Necrosis ===

== Regeneratio ==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2996</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10262</id>
      <parentid>10261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-30T15:32:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Andreas Raether movit paginam [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogenica]] ad [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="596" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Noxae exogenae ==
Saepe ''noxa'' est notio medica. Noxae sunt substantiae agentes, quae detrimentum vel cellularum vel organorum vel organismi perficere possunt. In medicina separantur ab noxis et noxae endogenae (de ''ἐνδογενής'', quasi in domo natae), perturbatione ope actionum corporearum, et noxae exogenae (''ἔξωγενής'', ab extero oriens). Distinguuntur ''noxae exogenicae'' in noxas physicas, noxas chemicas, noxas biologicas. Noxae ''physicae'' sunt calor, frigor, radiatio, vulnera.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vasa sanguinea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2997</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8345</id>
      <parentid>8170</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:25:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1921" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Malformationes ==
=== Dysplasia fibromuscularis ===
[[Fasciculus:Fibr.jpg|thumb|Dysplasia fibromuscularis]]

== Morbi vasculares degenerativi ==
=== Atherosclerosis/Arteriosclerosis ===
=== Arteriolosclerosis ===
=== Varicosis ===

== Aneurysmata ==

== Dissectio aortae ==

== Thrombosis ==

== Infarctus ==

== Embolia ==

== Insufficientia venosa chronica ==

== Vasculitides primariae ==
[[Fasciculus:Septic vasculitis (3791887586).jpg|thumb|Vasculitis septica cum lumine plene occluso.]]
[[Fasciculus:Vasculities.jpg|thumb|Vasculitis.]]
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Inflammatio vasorum sanguineorum. Inflammatione lumia vasorum angustiora fiant, denique vel occlusiones observentur.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Hist.:&lt;/u&gt; Histiocyti, granulocyti neutrophili, lymphcyti; necrosis fibrioidea, granulomata.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Class.:&lt;/u&gt; Dividuuntur vasculitides secundum magnitudinem vasorum affectorum: 
* Vasculitides vasorum tenuiorum, ANCA sociatae (morbus W&lt;small&gt;EGENER&lt;/small&gt;, polyarteriitis microscopica, syndroma C&lt;small&gt;HURG&lt;/small&gt;-S&lt;small&gt;TRAUSS&lt;/small&gt;)
* Vasculitides vasorum tenuiorum, non ANCA sociatae (purpura S&lt;small&gt;CHOENLEIN&lt;/small&gt;-H&lt;small&gt;ENOCH&lt;/small&gt;)
* Vasculitides vasorum intermediorum (panarteriitis nodosa, syndroma K&lt;small&gt;AWASAKI&lt;/small&gt;)
* Vasculitides vasorum crassiorum (arteriitis temporalis/polymyalgia rheumatica)
* Thrombangiitis obliterans
=== Vasculitides vasorum tenuiorum, ANCA sociatae ===
==== Granulomatosis (morbus W&lt;small&gt;EGENER&lt;/small&gt;) ====
[[Fasciculus:Wegners granulomatosis (4425039502).jpg|thumb|Morbus W&lt;small&gt;EGENER&lt;/small&gt; granulomatosem ostendens.]]
==== Syndroma C&lt;small&gt;HURG&lt;/small&gt;-S&lt;small&gt;TRAUSS&lt;/small&gt; ====
[[Fasciculus:Churg-Strauss syndrome - very high mag.jpg|thumb|Syndroma C&lt;small&gt;HURG&lt;/small&gt;-S&lt;small&gt;TRAUSS&lt;/small&gt;]]

== Tumores ==
=== Granuloma pyogenicum ===
=== Haemangioma ===
=== Haemangiosarcoma ===</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Cor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2998</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8289</id>
      <parentid>8238</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:18:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2763" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Malformationes anomaliaeque congenitae ==
=== Vitia acyanotica ===
==== Ductus arteriosus B&lt;small&gt;OTALLI&lt;/small&gt; persistens ====
==== Defectus septi atrii ====
==== Defectus septi ventriculi ====
==== Truncus arteriosus communis ====
==== Canalis atrioventricularis ====

=== Vitia cyanotica ===
Vitia cordis cum colore cutis plus vel minus caerulea.
==== Morbus F&lt;small&gt;ALLOTTI&lt;/small&gt; (F&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, Fallot III, trilogia Fallotiensis) ====
==== Morbus F&lt;small&gt;ALLOTTI&lt;/small&gt; (F&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, Fallot IV, tetralogia Fallotiensis) ====
[[Fasciculus:Tetralogy of Fallot.svg|thumb|Tetralogia Fallotiensis.]]
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Vitium cordis cum:
# aortae supra positae
# stenosis valvulae pulmonalis
# defecti septi ventriculi
# hypertrophiae ventriculi dextri

==== Morbus F&lt;small&gt;ALLOTTI&lt;/small&gt; (F&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, Fallot V, pentalogia Fallotiensis) ====
==== Transpositio vasorum magnorum ====

=== Alia vitia ===

== Vitia valvularum acquisita ==

== Insufficientia cordis ==

== Endocarditis ==
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Inflammatio endocardii (parietis cordis intimi) et valvularum cordis.
=== Endocarditidess infectiosae ===
==== Endocarditis ulcero-polyposa ====
==== Endocarditis lenta ====

=== Endocarditides non infectiosae ===
==== Endocarditis verrucosa simplex ====
==== Endocarditis verrucosa rheumatica ====
==== Endocarditis L&lt;small&gt;IBMANN&lt;/small&gt;-S&lt;small&gt;ACKS&lt;/small&gt; ====

== Myocarditis ==
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Inflammatio musculi cardialis in toto.
=== Myocarditides infectiosae ===
==== Myocarditis bacterialis ====
==== Myocarditis viralis ====

=== Myocarditides immunopathologicae ===
==== Myocarditis rheumatica ====
==== Myocarditis D&lt;small&gt;RESSLER&lt;/small&gt; ====
&lt;u&gt;Syn.:&lt;/u&gt; Syndroma D&lt;small&gt;RESSLER&lt;/small&gt;iense&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Myocarditis post infarctum cordis cum doloribus thoracalibus

== Pericarditis ==
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Inflammatio pericardii, tunicae quae cordem cingit.
=== Pericarditis sicca ===

=== Pericarditis serosa ===

=== Pericarditis purulenta ===

=== Pericarditis calcarea ===

== Hypertrophia myocardialis ==
=== Hypertrophia myocardialis concentrica ===
=== Hypertrophia myocardialis eccentrica ===

== Cardiomyopathiae ==
=== Cardiomyopathiae primariae ===
=== Cardiomyopathia secundaria ===

== Amyloidosis cardialis ==
[[Fasciculus:Cardiac amyloidosis high mag he.jpg|thumb|Amyloidosis cardialis, H&amp;E]]
&lt;u&gt;Aetiol.:&lt;/u&gt; Plasmocytoma; senectus&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Aggregatio amyloidi in toto cordis (plasmocytomate) vel in atrio (senectute).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Hist.:&lt;/u&gt; Insulae aggregationum disseminatae amyloidi in myocardio.

== Tumores cordis ==

=== Fibroelastoma ===

=== Rhabdomyoma ===

=== Myxoma atrialis ===

=== Metastases ===

== Transplantatio cordis ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Mediastinum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2999</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8306</id>
      <parentid>8045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:20:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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== Mediastinum ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus respiratorius superior</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3000</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8340</id>
      <parentid>8046</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>48</id>
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== Tractus respiratorius superior ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus respiratorius inferior et pulmones</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3001</id>
    <revision>
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== Exempla damnorum generalia ==
=== Damnum alveolare diffusum ===
=== Fibrosis pulmonum ===

=== Atelectasis ===

== Inflammativa mala extra pneumoniam (pneumonitis) ==
[[Fasciculus:Alveolar sac.JPG|thumb|Alveoli valentes.]]
[[Fasciculus:Histology of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.jpg|thumb|'''Pneumonitis''' cum '''alveolitide''' inflammatio pulmonis cum aggregatione copiae lymphocytorum.]]
Inflammatio textus pulmonalis generaliter ''pneumonitis'' concipitur, sub microscopio sane structurae eorum tenuiores, alveoli enim, affectae videntur, at inflammatio earum ''alveolitis'' dicitur. Ut in detrimentis inflammatoriis in genere, quoque pneumonitis et alveolitis cum ''invasione cellularum albarum sanguinearum'' nexae sunt. Praeterea cavitates alveolares plenae cytokinorum liquorisque inveniuntur.

In summa itineres inter aerem et vasa capillaria prolonguntur, et effectus spirationis sunt minora.
=== Asthma bronchiale ===
=== Bronchitis acuta ===
=== Bronchitis chronica ===
=== Morbus pulmonum obstructivus chronicus ===
=== Bronchiectasia ===

== Pneumoniae ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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== Pleura ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3003</id>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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== Cavum oris in genere ==
=== Stomatitis aphthosa ===

== Praecancerosis ==
=== Leucoplacia ===

== Gingiva ==
=== Gingivitis ===

== Lingua ==
=== Glossitis ===
=== Lingua villosa ===
=== Lingua plicata ===
=== Lingua geographica ===
=== Carcinoma linguae ===
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Black tongue.jpg|thumb|Lingua villosa]] 
| [[Fasciculus:Lingua Plicata.jpg|thumb|Lingua plicata]] 
| [[Fasciculus:Landkartenzunge 005.jpg|thumb|Lingua geographica]] 
|}

== Pharynx ==
=== Pharyngitis ===

== Tonsillae ==
=== Angina catarrhalis ===

== Glandulae salivariae ==
=== Parotitis epidemica ===
=== Carcinoma glandulae parotis ===
=== Ranula ===
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Ranula human 09.jpg|thumb|Ranula]] 
|}</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3004</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8316</id>
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      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:22:02Z</timestamp>
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== Oesophagus ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Gaster</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3005</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8292</id>
      <parentid>8051</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:19:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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== Gaster ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Intestinum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3006</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8303</id>
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== Intestinum ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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== Hepar ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Tractus biliaris</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3008</id>
    <revision>
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== Tractus biliaris ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Pancreas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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== Pancreas ==
=== Pars exocrineum ===</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Renes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>1808</id>
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== Renes ==
Pondus renium generaliter inter 250g et 300g est. Sectione divisio inter corticem et medullam visibilis est.

== Glomerulonephritis ==

=== Glomerulonephritis rapide progressiva ===

== Glomerulopathiae ==

== Nephrolithiasis ==

== Hydronephrosis ==

== Tumores renium ==
Anno 2022 Ordo Mundi Sanitarius (OMS, ''WHO'') classificationem tumorum renium quintam divulgavit: Eorum ''situs'', ''categoria'', ''familia'', et ''typus'' considerantur. Annectuntur insuper res geneticae.

=== Tumor neuroendocrineum renis (carcinoideus) ===
Tumores renium neuroendocrinei, ''carcinoidum'' classificationis OMS quartae, rari inveniuntur - imprimis in quinquaginta sexagintaque annos natibus -, cellulae enim endocrineae non pars parenchymatis renalis est. Adhuc 80 casi noti sunt. Praeterea differentia adversus alios tumores haud facilis esse potest. Pro eo immunohistochemia ''synaptophysini'' vel ''chromogranini'' adhibere pernecesse est. Ita inter typos et ''epithelialem'' et ''neuralem'' distinguere potest. Adhuc cellulae neuroendocrineae tantum in pelvi renis non in parenchymate.</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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== Ureteres ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Vesica urinaria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Vesica urinaria ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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== Urethra ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae mammariae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Glandulae mammariae ==
== Malformationes ==
== Mastopathiae ==

=== Mastopathia fibrosa cystica ===

== Carcinoma mammae ==

== Fibroadenoma ==
&lt;u&gt;Clin.:&lt;/u&gt; Tumor mammae benignus frequentissimus.

== Adenoma mammillae ==

== Angiosarcoma ==

== Gynaecomastia ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Ovaria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3015</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8319</id>
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== Ovaria ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Uterus et cervix</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3016</id>
    <revision>
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== Uterus et cervix ==

== Malformationes ==
=== Septum uterinum ===
=== Uterus bicornuatus ===
=== Uterus unicornuatus ===

== Endometrium ==
=== Endometriosis ===
=== Adenomyosis uteri ===
=== Endometriosis externa ===
=== Endometritis ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Inflammatio endometrii.
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Endometritis - 2 - high mag.jpg|thumb|Endometritis]]
|}

=== Pyometra ===
=== Hyperplasia ===
(→ [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Reactiones accomodationis#Mutationes numeri cellularum|''reactiones accomodationis'']])&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Incrementum numeri cellularum endometrii.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Clin.:&lt;/u&gt; Praecipue in pubertate, cum emissionibus sanguinis frequentibus.

== Myometrium ==
=== Leiomyoma ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Tumor benignus musculi laevis uteri.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Syn.:&lt;/u&gt; Myoma, myoma laevicellulare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Sec.:&lt;/u&gt; Tumor solidus.
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Leiomyoma of the Uterus.jpg|thumb|Leiomyoma uteri]]
| [[Fasciculus:Intravascular Leiomyomatosis of the Uterus.jpg|thumb|Leiomyomatosis intravasculare uteri]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Uterine leiomyoma (1).jpg|thumb|Leiomyoma uteri. Coloratione H&amp;E.]]
| [[Fasciculus:Uterine leiomyoma (3) with ischemic necrosis.jpg|thumb|Leiomyoma uteri cum necrosibus. Coloratione H&amp;E.]]
|}

=== Leimyosarcoma ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Tumor maligns musculi laevis uteri.
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Uterine leiomyosarcoma (3).jpg|thumb|Leiomyosarcoma uteri]]
| [[Fasciculus:Uterine leiomyosarcoma (4).jpg|thumb|Idem, sed magnificatione maiori]]
|}

== Cervix uteri ==
=== Cervicitis ===
{| align
| [[Fasciculus:Candida - Pap test -- high mag.jpg|thumb|Candida; Coloratione Pap.]]
|}

=== Condyloma accuminatum ===
=== Neoplasia intraepithelialis cervicalis ===
=== Carcinoma cervicis ===
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Squamous Carcinoma of Cervix.jpg|thumb|Carcinoma squamosum cervicis]]
| [[Fasciculus:Squamous carcinoma of the cervix.jpg|thumb|Carcinoma squamosum cervicis (infra) cum leiomyomate (supra)]]
| [[Fasciculus:Squamous cell carcinoma in the cervix, pap stain.jpg|thumb|Carcinoma squamosum cervicis; Coloratione Pap.]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Endocervical adenocarcinoma (1).jpg|thumb|Adenocarcinoma endocervicale. Coloratione H&amp;E.]]
| [[Fasciculus:Endocervical adenocarcinoma (2).jpg|thumb|Idem, sed magnificatione maiore]]
|}</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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== Vagina et vulva ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Gestatio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Gestatio ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Testes et epididymes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3019</id>
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== Testes et epididymes ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Prostata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Prostata ==

=== Prostatitis ===

=== Hyperplasia prostatae ===

=== Carcinoma prostatae ===</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Penis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3021</id>
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      <timestamp>2020-05-03T23:22:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
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== Penis ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema endocrineum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3022</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8330</id>
      <parentid>8070</parentid>
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        <username>UV</username>
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== Systema endocrineum in genere ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Hypophysis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Hypophysis ==</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Inflammationes glandulae thyreoideae - Thyreoiditides */</comment>
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== Glandula thyreoidea ==

== Inflammationes glandulae thyreoideae - Thyreoiditides ==
[[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Inflammatio|Inflammatio]] glandulae thyreoideae vocatur ''thyreoiditis''. Inflammatio contagionis causa imaginem omnium organorum generalem format. Subacuta inflammatio coniuncta est cum ''histiocytorum'' formatione.</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae parathyreoideae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3025</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8297</id>
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== Glandulae parathyreoideae ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Glandulae adrenales</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3026</id>
    <revision>
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== Glandulae adrenales ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema endocrineum diffusum</title>
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== Systema endocrineum diffusum (cum cellulis ''APUD'') ==</text>
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== Malformationes ==
=== defecta tubae neuralis ===
=== Holoprosencephalia ===
=== Lissencephalia ===
=== Malformatio arterio-venosa ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Aggregatio, saepe globuliformis, coniunctiorum vasa arterialia et venosa.</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Neoplasmata systematis nervosi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <minor />
      <comment>/* Prolactinomata (adenomata lactotrophica) */</comment>
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Plerique tumorum sunt meningeomata (35%), gliomata (20%), tumores regionis sellae (15%). 

Classificatio gliomatum hodierna Ordinis Mundi Sanitarii (OMS) aspectus geneticos includit. 
== Tumores astrocytica et oligodendrogliales ==

=== Astrocytomata diffusa ===
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Diffuse astrocytoma HE stain.jpg|thumb|Astrocytoma diffusum]]
|}

=== Astrocytomata anaplastica ===
&lt;u&gt;Hist.:&lt;/u&gt; Nuclei fere uniformiter ovales vel elongati. Cetera structura videtur cystica.

=== Glioblastomata ===
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Glioblastoma - intermed mag.jpg|thumb|Glioblastoma]]
|}

=== Oligodendrogliomata ===

=== Oligoastrocytomata, non aliter specificatum ===

== Tumores embryonales ==

=== Medulloblastomata, genetice definitum ===

=== Medulloblastomata, histologice definitum ===

=== Ganglioneuroblastoma ===

=== Tumor embryonalis, non aliter specifcatus ===

=== Tumor teratoideus/rhabdoideus atypicus ===

== Tumores meningum ==
=== Meningeoma ===
== Lymphomata ==

== Tumores hypophysis et structurarum vicinarum ==
Saepe iconismus capitis, symptomata endocrinea, pars examina neurologica, malum pathologicum glandulae pituitariae vel structurarum eius cingentium indicet. Fere semper tumores '''lobi anterioris''' (adenohypophysis) ''adenomata'', ''craniopharngeomata'', ''carcinomata primaria'' solent. Tametsi interdum biopsiae chirurgicae sub microscopio aspectus meningeomatis vel chordomatis vel chondromatis etiam chondrosarcomatis ostendant, illa vero non ab hypophysi oriuntur.

Antea symptomata dysfunctionis endocrinei, ut hyperprolactinaemia vel TSH auctum vel acromegalia vel hypercortisolismus, necessitatem investigationis poposcerint:
* ''Hyperprolactinaemia'' effectus vel prolactinomatis vel tumoris somatotropinum prolactinumque secernentis potest.
* De consuetudine ''TSH auctum'' hyperthyreoidismum significat. Inter hypophysis tumores ''adenomata TSH'', rarius ''adenomata T-Pit positiva'' et alia valorem TSH auctum perficere possint.
* ''Hypercortisolismus'' ab adenomatibus ACTH egrediantur.
* ''Acromegalia'' per STH (somatotropinum) cum incremento et linguae et extremitatum corporis nexa est. Adenomata et STH et STH/prolactini vel adenomata mammosomatotrophica acromegaliam instigent.

In tumoribus hypophysealibus histologice dignoscendis ''colorationes H&amp;E'' et ''PAS'' commendantur. Ope immunohistologiae interdum investigatio quoque ''subunitatis α gonadotropinorum'' utilis queat. ''Index Ki-67'' (indicator proliferationis) non solum carcinomatum mammae dignoscendi sed etiam adenomatum glandulae pituitariae adhibetur. Memento quoque, ut in hypophysi genera cellularum diversa non uniformiter distributa sunt. Per exemplum cellulae ACTH liberantes imprimis in partibus anterioribus locatae sunt.

Tumores '''lobi posterioris''' (neurohypophysis) diversi sunt: Hi ex ''textibus glialibus'' constituti sunt. Omnes tumores lobi posterioris, et ''pituicytomata'' et ''oncocytomata fusicellularia'' et ''tumores granulocellulares'', ''factorem transcriptionis thyreoidalem 1'' (FTT 1) exprimunt.

=== Examinatio pathologica ===
De consuetudine ''biopsatum'' intra operationem ad pathologici manum prehenditur. Notitia magnitudinis necesse est.
=== Adenomata adenohypophysis (ICD-O: M-8272/0) ===
Adenomatibus lobi anterioris penuria et structurae alveolaris basalis et textus connectivi tenuis et diversitas cellularum et eosinophilarum et basophilarum et chromophobarum est.
==== Adenomata ACTH (adenomata somatotrophica) ====
Adenomata ACTH secernentia ope examinationis immunohistochemicae ACTH licet. Insuper ''factorem transcriptionis T-Pit'' quoque exprimunt. Typi tres: Adenoma ACTH dense granulatum, adenoma ACTH solute granulatum, et adenoma Crookiense cellulare notae sunt. Memento, ut adenomata ACTH inactiva (sine symptomatibus endocrineis) &quot;aggressiva&quot; aestimentur.

''Adenomatibus ACTH dense granulatis'' structura aliquid diffusa est. Coloratione H&amp;E reactio basophila, PAS cytoplasma positive apparet. Saepe cum morbo Cushing coniuncta sunt, minore in parte nulla symptomata observantur.

''Adenomata ACTH solute granulata'' typo dense granulato minus et cellulae uniformes et cytoplasmata basophila sunt, coloratione PAS quoque cytoplasmata haud positive reagunt, ut immunohistochemia ACTH. Pariter numerus adenomatum inactivorum typo dense granulator frequentior est. 

''Adenomata Crookiense cellularia'' cellulas Crookienses, semper hypercortisolismi causa, continent: Intra cellulas filamenta anuli instar nucleum cingunt.
{| align
| [[Fasciculus:Sparsely granulated HGH adenoma.jpg|thumb|Adenoma ACTH dense granulatum: cellulae valde uniformes videntur, cytoplasmata earum basophila sunt; coloratione H&amp;E]]
| [[Fasciculus:Densely granulated HGH producing adenoma.jpg|thumb|Adenoma ACTH solute granulatum: cellulae adenomate dense granulato minus uniformes, cytoplasmata minus basophila sunt; H&amp;E]]
| [[Fasciculus:Crooke Cytokeratins.jpg|thumb|Adenoma Crookiense cellulare: Circum nucleos cytokeratinum visibile est.]]
|}

==== Prolactinomata (adenomata lactotrophica) ====
Prolactinomata sunt adenomata hormon prolactinum secernentia. Adenomata haec ope examinationis immunohistochemicae non solum prolactinum, sed etiam factorem transcriptionis T-Pit exprimunt. Ostendunt intra nucleos suos cellularum receptoria oestrogeni quoque, signum differentiatio cellularum prolactini. Distinguuntur prolactinomata et solute granulata et dense granulata et cellularum praegenitorum acidophila.
{| align
| [[Fasciculus:PRL HE histology.jpg|thumb|Prolactinoma, aspectu basophilo; H&amp;E]]
|}

==== Adenomata FSH et LH (adenomata gonadotrophica) ====

=== Craniopharyngeomata ===
&lt;u&gt;Def.:&lt;/u&gt; Ex cellulis ductus craniopharyngei embryonalis malformatio regionis sellae turcicae. Ita craniopharyneomata ''tumores epitheliales'' sunt. Gradus malignitatis non altus est.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Epi.:&lt;/u&gt; 0.5-2 casus/1&amp;thinsp;000&amp;thinsp;000; saepe circa 8 annorum natos velut circa 45 annorum. In infantibus craniopharyngeomata sunt numero dimidia omnium tumorum regionis hypophysealis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Hist.:&lt;/u&gt; Dividitur inter typos et ''adamantinosum'' (typum frequentissimus) et, rarius, ''papillare''.
==== Craniopharyngeoma adamantinosum (ICD-O: M-9351/1) ====
==== Craniopharyngeoma papillare (ICD-O: M-9352/1) ====
Craniopharyngeoma papillare tumor ''solidus'' apparet. Superficies eius cum ''Brassica oleracea'' comparata est. Sub microscopio cellulae epitheliales papilliformes videri possunt. ''Claudinum 1'', proteinum membranaceum cellulas inter eas coniungens, et ''p63'', factor transcriptionis, positiva inveniuntur. Praeterea mutatio genetica oncogeni ''B-Raf'' positione 600 acidum glutamicum pro valino (V600E) exstat. 
{| align 
| [[Fasciculus:Papillary craniopharyngioma.jpg|thumb|Craniopharyngeoma]]
| [[Fasciculus:Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma - very low mag.jpg|thumb|'''Craniopharyngeoma adamantinosum''' cum aspectu ''cystico'']]
| [[Fasciculus:Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma - very high mag.jpg|thumb|'''Craniopharyngeoma adamantinosum''' cum incremento ''cellularum epithelialium funiculos formantium'']]
| [[Fasciculus:Papillary craniopharyngioma - very low mag.jpg|thumb|'''Craniopharyngeoma papillare''' cum ''structura solida''; eis aspectu cystico carent, sed ''Brassicae oleraceae'' similis est.]]
| [[Fasciculus:Papillary craniopharyngioma - very high mag.jpg|thumb|'''Craniopharyngeoma papillare'''; non funiculiforme, sed ''papilliforme'']]
|}

=== Carcinomata hypophysis primaria (ICD-O: M-8272/3) ===
Per definitionem carcinoma glandulae pituitariae metastasem requirit. Carcinomata hypophysis raro, ab adenomatis imprimis prolactini vel ACTH, occurrunt. Ante carcinoma pluria adenomatis recidiva observari solent. Aestimatur, ut octingentesimae adenomatum carcinoma unum dignoscitur.

=== Adenomata neurohypophysis ===
==== Pituicytomata (ICD-O: M-9432/1) ====

== Metastases ==</text>
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== Columna vertebralis et medulla spinalis ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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== Systema nervosum periphericum ==</text>
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== Musculi ==</text>
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== Articulationes ==

=== Osteoarthritis ===</text>
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== Ossa ==

=== Osteomyelitis ===</text>
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== Neoplasmata cartilaginis ossisque ==

=== Osteosarcomata ===</text>
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== Tendines, fasciae, textus connectivi ==</text>
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== Structurae cutis atque adnexa ==</text>
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== Morbi cutis hereditarii ==</text>
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== Morbi cutis autoimmunitatis cum bullis ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Mala textuum connectivorum cutis non heritabilia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3040</id>
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== Mala textuum connectivorum cutis non heritabilia ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Morbi cutis microbiales</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Morbi cutis microbiales ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Neoplasmata cutis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Tumores epitheliales ==

== Tumores melanocytorum ==

=== Melanoma maligna ===

== Tumores lymphoidei ==

== Tumores mesenchymatis ==
=== Tumores vasculares benigni ===
=== Tumores vasculares maligni ===</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Symptomata cutanea apud morbos alios</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Symptomata cutanea apud morbos alios ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema haematopoeticum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Leucaemiae ==
=== Leucaemia myeloica acuta (LMA) ===
=== Leucaemia myeloica chronica (LMC) ===
=== Leucaemia lymphatica acuta (LLA) ===
=== Leucaemia lymphatica chronica (LLC) ===

== Morbi myeloproliferativi ==
=== Polycythaemia vera (PV) ===
=== Thrombocythaemia essentialis ===
=== Osteomyelofibrosis idiopatica chronica ===

== Syndroma myelodysplasticum ==
&lt;u&gt;Aetiol.:&lt;/u&gt; Post radiationem, post chemotherapiam&lt;br /&gt;
{| align
| [[Fasciculus:Two hypogranular neutrophils and a red blood cell precursor with multiple nuclear fragments in RAEB.jpg|thumb|Duo granulocyti neutrophili hypogranulati, singularis cellula praecursor rubra cum nucleo fragmentato (supra et sinistro); coloratione W&lt;small&gt;RIGHT&lt;/small&gt;-G&lt;small&gt;IEMSA&lt;/small&gt;.]]
| [[Fasciculus:Hypogranular neutrophil with a pseudo-Pelger-Huet nucleus in MDS.jpg|thumb|Singularis granulocytus neutrophilus  hypogranulatus cum anomalia pseudo-P&lt;small&gt;ELGER&lt;/small&gt;-H&lt;small&gt;UET&lt;/small&gt;; coloratione W&lt;small&gt;RIGHT&lt;/small&gt;-G&lt;small&gt;IEMSA&lt;/small&gt;.]]
| [[Fasciculus:Megakaryocytes in MDS (RAEB and 5q-chromosome abnormality).jpg|thumb|Duo micromegakaryozyti cum aberratione 5q isolata; coloratione W&lt;small&gt;RIGHT&lt;/small&gt;-G&lt;small&gt;IEMSA&lt;/small&gt;.]]
|}</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Systema lymphaceum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Systema lymphaceum ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Haematologia</title>
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== Haematologia ==</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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== Vitia systematis immunitatis ==</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Reactiones pathologicae systematis immunitatis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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== Reactiones pathologicae systematis immunitatis ==</text>
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== Oculus partes ad illum pertinentes ==
[[Fasciculus:Eye scheme mulitlingual.svg|thumb|Sectio schematica oculi: 1 - Sclera, 2 - Chorioidea, 3 - Plexus seu sinus venosus sclerae, 4 - Radix iridis, 5 - Cornea, 6 - Iris, 7 - Pupilla, 8 - Camera anterior bulbi, 9 - Camera posterior bulbi, 10 - Corpus ciliare, 11 - Lens, 12 - Corpus vitreum, 13 - Retina, 14 - Nervus opticus, 15 - Fibrae zonulares]]

== Oculi pathologia in genere ==
Oculorum morbi aegrotorum qualitatem vitae in parte graviter diminuere possunt. Morbi oculi momenti maioris sunt coniunctivitis, cataracta, degeneratio maculae, glaucoma, amotio retinae (seu ablatio retinae), inflammationes, tumores. 

== Blephara, palpebrae ==
'''Inflammationes''' sunt hordeolum, chalazion, molluscum contagiosum. Hordeolum est inflammatio acuta glandularum tarsalium contagione saepe cum bacteriis staphylococcis, ut ''staphylococco aureo''.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Xanthelasmata''' sunt mutationes intra palpebras inclusiones superficiales lipidis cum colore gilvo vel flavo. Sub microscopio invenitur macrophagocyti pleno lipido sine inflammatione intra cutem.

== Tunica coniunctiva ==
'''Tunica coniunctiva''' est membrana mucosa et lubricans et transparens, oculum tegens, divisa in partes et ''coniunctivam bulbarem'', globum tegentem, et ''coniunctivam tarsalem'', superficiem palpebrae internam formantem. 
=== Coniunctivitis ===
[[Fasciculus:Conjuntivitis (RPS 03-06-2015).png|thumb|Coniunctivitis: Inflammatio tunicarum coniunctivarum et bulbaris et tarsalis cum vasorum dilatatione (''rubore'', hyperaemia), et exsudatione et tumescentia tenui (''tumore'').]]
'''Conjunctivitis in genere''' ad inflammationem tunicae conjunctivalis spectat, cum dilatatione vasorum eius sanguineorum, dolore locali, exsudatione oculari, et tumescentia tenui locali; saepe superficies tunicae coniunctivae tota est affecta; insuper, cum causa infectiosa uterque oculus potest affectus. Classificatur acuta vel chronica sicut infectiosa vel non infectiosa. Conjunctivitis ''acuta'' refert ad symptomum tempus 3 vel 4 hebdomadum, saepe modo 1 vel 2 hebdomadum; ''chronica'' autem coniunctivitis  plus quam quattuor hebdomades persistit.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Coniunctivitides non infectiosae''' causantur substantiis allergicis, toxinis, vel corporibus irritantibus et minoribus et maioribus. Interdum cum corpore alieno minore inflammatio circumscripta observari potest.

== Cornea ==
[[Fasciculus:Vertical section human cornea-Gray871.png|thumb|Sectio histologica corneae: 1 - ''Lamina epithelialis'', 2 - ''Lamina limitans anterior'', 3 - ''Substantia propria'' (vel ''stroma'' vel ''interstitium''), 4 - ''Lamina limitans posterior'' (Descemeti), 5 - Lamina endothelialis]]
'''Cornea''' est pars oculi antica et diaphana, quae iridem, pupillam cameramque anteriorem bulbi oculi tegit. Cornea phaenomenon refractionis (indice refractionis 1.376) ostendit, quod est, ut lux trans corneam mutationem directionis eius patitur. Laminae corneam constituentes nominantur ab extero ad internum oculi: ''Lamina epithelialis'' (crassitudine 53 µm), ''lamina limitans anterior'' (Bowmani, 12 µm), latissima ''substantia propria'' (vel stroma, quod significat interstitium, 80-85% latitudinis corneae), ''lamina accessoria posterior'' (Duae), ''lamina limitans posterior'' (Descemeti, 7 µm), denique ''lamina endothelialis'' (5 µm). Cornea est structura ''avascularis'', quod est, nutrimenta non per vasa sanguinea sed per diffusionem veniunt. 

=== Pathologia generalis ===
Saepe mutationes pathologicae corneae naturam eius diaphanam perturbant. Inflammatio ''keratitis'' dicitur, cum forma frequentissima ''keratitis ulcerativa''. Complicationes sunt ''hypopyon'' (pus camerae anterioris) vel ''descemetocele'' (ulcus cornea). Notus quoque est ''abscessus retrocornealis''. Notio ''xerophthalmiae'' significat siccitas cornea. 

Praeterea ''dystrophiae'' cornea exstare possunt, quo saepe lipida vel cholesterolum in corneam accumulant. 

=== Dystrophiae corneae ===
Adhuc plus quam viginti dystrophiae notae sunt, imprimis secundum mutationem geneticam. De consuetudine uterque oculus affectus est. Secundum locum primi ortus classificatio ICD3 (internationalis classificatio corneae dystrophiarum, versionis 3, anno 2015) distinguit: 
* dystrophiae epitheliales subepithelialesque,
* dystrophiae laminae limitantis anterioris, 
* dystrophiae interstitiales, et 
* dystrophiae endotheliales.

== Sclera ==
Imprimis inflammationes sclerae accidere possunt.

== Uvea ==
'''Uvea''' est pars media oculi, cum partibus tribus: iride (parte oculi colorata), corpore ciliari (quod ad lentem agit), et choroidea (quae nexus inter retinam et scleram format).
=== Uveitis ===
'''Uveitis''' est notio generalis inflammationum oculi, quae strata oculi interna perturbat. Secundum locum distinguuntur uveitis anterior, uveitis intermedia, uveitis posterior. Si adest inflammatio toti oculi, panuveitis dicitur. Non raro uveitis accumulationem liquoris incideat, quo oedema maculae sequitur. Causae sunt noxae et endogena et [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena|exogenae]].

Causae possunt esse: SIDA, spondylosis ancylosans, morbus Behcet, lupus erythematodens, encephalitis disseminata, psoriasis, arthritis rheumatoidea, sarcoidosis, colitis ulcerativa, morbus Vogt et Koyanagi et Harada. Noxae externae possunt esse: cytomegalovirus, histoplasmosis, arthritis reactiva, syphilis, toxoplasmosis.</text>
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== Aures ==

=== Mastoiditis ===</text>
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== Mala morbique metabolici ==</text>
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== Procedurae manuales praeparatonis textuum ==</text>
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== Glossarium ==
* → - Vide(te)
* ''Aetiol.'' - Aetiologia, factor(es) morbum causandi
* ''Class.'' - Classificatio(nes), divisio(nes) malorum
* ''Def.'' - Definitio
* ''Exp.'' - Exemplum
* ''Hist.'' - Histologia, aspectus histopathologicus
* ''Sec.'' - Sectio, examinatio sectione
* ''Syn.'' - Synonyma, nomen aliud</text>
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== Fontes ==</text>
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= Inflammatio =
'''Inflammatio''' textuum imprimis ''secundum effectum nocentem'' actio est. Eius signa generalia rubor, dolor, calor, tumor, functio laesa sunt. ''Rubor'' est accumulatio cellularum sanguinearum rubrarum (erythrocytorum) iuxta locum inflammationis dilatationis causa vasorum sanguineorum, vocatur hyperaemia. ''Dolor'' stimulandis terminalium nervalium liberorum diversarum substantiarum, ut histamini, causa. ''Calor'' est temperaturae incrementum, vocatur febris. ''Tumor'' tumescentiam influxus aquarum in textus causa describit. ''Functio laesa'' est detrimentum textus apertum et functionum physiologicarum.

Inflammationis cursibus eadem sequentia est: Deminutio fluxus sanguinis, primum cum ischaemia, deinde hyperaemia.

== Causae ==
Inflammativae reactionis causae possunt esse:
* Microorganismis (bacteriis, viris, parasitismo)
* Necrosibus
* Tumoribus
* Allergicis reactionibus

== Cellulae ==
Quaedam cellularum genera agunt:
* Lymphocyti
* Cellulae plasmaticae
* Granulocyti neutrophili
* Granulocyti eosinophili
* Histiocyti/Macrophagocyti

== Inflammationis actiones ==
Inflammationes signa variis formis patefiant: Organismi actiones possunt esse ut serosae, fibrinosae, purulentae, haemorrhagicae, necrotisantes, granulomatosae.
=== Inflammatio serosa ===
=== Inflammatio fibrinosa ===
=== Inflammatio purulenta ===
=== Inflammatio haemorrhagica ===
=== Inflammatio necrotisans ===
=== Inflammatio putrida et gangraenata formans ===
=== Inflammatio granulomatosa ===
[[Fasciculus:Granulation tissue containg a poorly formed granuloma with a Langhan's giant cell.jpg|thumb|Granuloma ex phagocytis compositum in textu]]
Hac in reactione ''granulomata'' formantur. Granuloma est phagocyti mononucleares et maturi collectus, in parte cum aliis reactionibus ut necrosi vel leucocytorum accumulatione. Granulomatum formatio est reactio non specifica, interactionis cytokinorum de cellulis inflammatoriis secretorum causa, saepe reactio allergica typi IV.

=== Inflammatio cum lymphocytis ===
=== Inflammatio cum granulocytis eosinophilis ===

== Signa inflammationis classica ==
* Dolor
* Calor
* Rubor
* Tumor
* Functio laesa</text>
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== Distinguito inter tumorem et cancrum ==
''Tumor'' in sensu latu quaevis ''tumescentia'' est. Nonnumquam de massa dicitur. Causae tumoris possunt esse: 
* [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Inflammatio|Inflammatio]]
* [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogenica|Noxa exogenica]]

Demum in sensu stricto tumori cancer attribuitur.

== Tumores ita classificato ==
==== Secundum gradum malignitatis ====
Differentiatio textuum cancerosorum sic fiunt:
* G1 bene
* G2 medie
* G3 malum

== Signa cancrum generalia ==
* Signa crescendi continuare
* Suppressores (inhibitores) crescendi evadere
* Invasionem metastasemque (ingressionem in cellulas) incitare
* Immortalitatem replicativam licere
* Angiogenesem (generationem vasorum sanguineorum novorum) inducere
* Apoptosi (morti cellularum programmatae) resistere</text>
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    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>UV</username>
        <id>48</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="478" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div class=&quot;NaFrame mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;margin:0px; margin-bottom:1em; padding:2px; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:95%; clear:both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;NaHead&quot; style=&quot;height:1.6em; font-weight:bold; font-size:100%; text-align:center; background-color:#efefef;&quot;&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:Superscriptio}}&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;NaContent mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:Navigatio}}&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
      <sha1>f0sw05klhg21ejiu1oi7sjixchn8f1m</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3063</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10113</id>
      <parentid>8351</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-06-07T03:52:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>143.44.165.97</ip>
      </contributor>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE: ''Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis''}}
[[Categoria:Libri]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Formula:Ping</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
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      <timestamp>2020-11-02T09:25:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{1|&lt;noinclude&gt;$&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}  |&lt;span class=&quot;template-ping&quot;&gt;@:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{1|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESU...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1470" xml:space="preserve">{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{1|&lt;noinclude&gt;$&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}
 |&lt;span class=&quot;template-ping&quot;&gt;@[[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{1|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label1|{{{1|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{2|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{2|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label2|{{{2|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{3|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{3|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label3|{{{3|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{4|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{4|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label4|{{{4|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{5|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{5|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label5|{{{5|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{6|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{6|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label6|{{{6|Example}}}}}}}}]]{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#if:{{{7|}}}
 |, [[:User:{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{7|Example}}}}}|{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;BASEPAGENAME:{{{label7|{{{7|Example}}}}}}}}]]
      }}
     }}
    }}
   }}
  }}
 }}{{{p|:}}}&lt;/span&gt;
 |{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;Error|Error in [[Template:Replyto]]: Username not given.}}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>tdzebxytvfvc0c33jntlrq53vv5z52g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>3069</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10324</id>
      <parentid>10316</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-14T08:43:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="175" xml:space="preserve">Vetera e [[Vicilibri:Porta communis|Portá communis]].

*[[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/I]]
*[[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/II]]
*[[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/III]]</text>
      <sha1>cmg4d70wb3ka4bi7m6ww4esf9xegnmr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/I</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>3070</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10318</id>
      <parentid>10248</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-14T08:42:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera I]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/I]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="380538" xml:space="preserve">==Things to Do==
Please list anything down here.

===Requesting ''magistratus'' status ===
Salve, Vicilibri! I am requesting adminship at Meta. I want to expand this Wikibooks project. I am interested in Latin, and thought I could help. [[w:simple:User:Frozen Wind|&lt;span style=&quot;color:lightblue&quot;&gt;'''''Frozen Wind'''''&lt;/span&gt;]][[User talk:Frozen Wind|&lt;small&gt;disputatio&lt;/small&gt;]] 23:32, 12 Octobris 2010 (UTC)
: withdrawn, for now. [[w:simple:User:Frozen Wind|&lt;span style=&quot;color:lightblue&quot;&gt;'''''Frozen Wind'''''&lt;/span&gt;]][[User talk:Frozen Wind|&lt;small&gt;disputatio&lt;/small&gt;]] 21:44, 13 Octobris 2010 (UTC)

===Historia Romana===
(EN) I'm new to this wiki, and it looks like there's not much going on.  Perhaps a fitting topic to work on would be roman and ancient history. I don't have much time, but I'd be willing to work on it a little.  What do people think?

(LA) Novus apud hanc vici sum ac nihili mihi multum volutum videt.  Fortasse res operem dandi apta sit historia romana antiquaque.  mihi temporis non multum est, sed rarum operem dare propensus sum.  quid sentitis? [[Usor:Mogle|Mogle]] 24:21, 1 Decemberis 2006 (UTC)

: (EN) Hi! If you plan to create textbook-style content, then Vicilibri is the right place here. If you plan to work on encyclopedic content (objectivity, relying on sources), you might want to consider the sister project [[w:|Vicipaedia]], the free encyclopedia written in Latin. As a starting point, you may want to take a look at [[w:Categoria:Imperium Romanum]] or [[w:Categoria:Roma antiqua]]. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:13, 1 Decembris 2006 (UTC)
: (LA) Fortasse [[w:|Vicipaediam Latinam]] inspicere vis, encyclopaediam liberam Lingua Latina scriptam? --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:13, 1 Decembris 2006 (UTC)

===Move Source Material to Vicifons===
There are hundreds of things that we need to do. Something that anyone can do is tag articles which need moving to Vicifons. Do this by putting in the template {{Fn|Vicifons}}. Articles tagged with this are listed in [[:Categoria:Vicifons]]. [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 16:56, 30 Maii 2006 (UTC)

If you see an article here tagged with {{fn|Vicifons}} but it is already there, please change {{fn|Vicifons}} in the text to &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Vicifons2|NAme of article}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. See [[Wikibooks:Vectura]] for more information. [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 12:51, 1 Iunii 2006 (UTC)

===Translate Interface===
At the moment I'm concentrating on system messages which appear regularly. If you see one, list it below. [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 16:56, 30 Maii 2006 (UTC)

*All the editing commands.
*Loads more.

===Build a Community===
There is no community here. That is not good. People, when you come here, stay here, and get other people to come here. I will soon make a welcoming message for new users. Please, make people, new and old, welcome here! [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 16:56, 30 Maii 2006 (UTC)

===Make useful Content===
Vicilibri and Vicifons are two very different things. '''Vicilibri is for textbook-style content that you have made yourself''', while '''Vicifons is for public source material that is notable for some reason'''. They are both important and useful, but they are very different. Please don't confuse them further. [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 16:56, 30 Maii 2006 (UTC)

==Purpose==

We need a purpose here. We have a general one: '''Vicilibri is for textbook-style content that you have made yourself''', but this is not enough. Please put below clear ideas about what you want from Vicilibri.

* Vicilibri should be something that people who speak Latin (yes, I know, there are no native speakers) can go to, and learn how to do something. [[Usor:Dbmag9|Dbmag9]] 16:02, 6 Iunii 2006 (UTC)
* la.wikibooks will have only books written for the pleasure of writing in latin. There are no speakers and making a book is a more complex thing than writing a dictionary voice or an enciclopedic one this make, this site one of the most slowgrowing wm project. So now ve have only '''0''' pages. I can put here all my experience of it.books sysop and my poor latin. I will traslate here the latin book. let's try. [[Usor:The Doc|The Doc]] 19:25, 5 Iunii 2006 (UTC)
* I noticed that the Latin Literature deserves from little to no space to technical and medieval textbooks. Even if I understand that this should be a point of collision with Vicifons, the inclusion of such prose (according to criteria to be discussed and shared with Vicifons) would prevent this project to be completely empty. What about this?
**I'll take my poor English and my poorer NeoLatin to help any ''scriptor'' willing to tinker with latin prose composition (as I currently do at la.wikipedia). My experience in wikibooks is near to zero, but where I don't reach, others will. '''[[:w:it:utente:OrbiliusMagister|&lt;span style=&quot;color:orange;&quot;&gt;&amp;epsilon;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;&amp;Delta;&lt;/span&gt;]][[:w:it:Discussioni utente:OrbiliusMagister|&lt;span style=&quot;color:brown;&quot;&gt;&amp;omega;&lt;/span&gt;]]'''

==Questions==

On this project, would it be possible to write original fiction or poetry that I would like to share or have edited by other Latin Litterates?

Also, I think one great use of time and effort would be to create a latin language grammar and primer for another language such as English, French, or probably even more useful, Greek.　　

&lt;small&gt;asked [[Usor:60.47.42.236]] --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 19:10, 11 Iunii 2007 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
: Please see [[Disputatio:Pagina prima#Thinking of Contributing]]. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 19:10, 11 Iunii 2007 (UTC)

==Betawiki: better support for your language in MediaWiki ==
Dear community. I am writing to you to promote a special wiki called [[betawiki:|Betawiki]]. This wiki facilitates the localisation (l10n) of the MediaWiki interface. You may have changed many messages here to use your language in the interface, but if you would log in to for example the Japanese language Wiktionary, you would not be able to use the interface as well translated as here. In fact, of over 1,700 messages in the core of MediaWiki, 1030 messages have been translated. Betawiki also supports the translation of messages for well over 100 extensions, with over 1,550 messages. Translators for over 70 languages contribute their work to MediaWiki this way every month.

If you wish to contribute to better support of your language in MediaWiki, as well as for many MediaWiki extensions, please visit [[betawiki:Translating:Intro|Betawiki]], [http://translatewiki.net/w/?title=Special:Userlogin&amp;type=signup&amp;uselang=en create an account] and [[betawiki:Betawiki:Rights|request translator privileges]]. You can see the current status of localisation of your language on [[mw:Localisation_statistics|MediaWiki.org]] and do not forget to get in touch with others that may already be [[betawiki:Translating:Languages|working on your language on Betawiki]].

If you have any further questions, [[betawiki:User_talk:Siebrand|please let me know on my talk page on Betawiki]]. We will try and assist you as much as possible, for example by [[betawiki:Import requests|importing]] all messages from a local wiki for you to start with, if you so desire.

You can also find us on the Freenode [[w:en:Internet Relay Chat|IRC]] network in the channel #mediawiki-i18n where we would be happy to help you get started.

Thank you very much for your attention and I do hope to see some of you on [[betawiki:|Betawiki]] soon! Cheers! [[betawiki:User:Siebrand|Siebrand@Betawiki]] 16:44, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC)

==Wikimania Scholarships==
The call for applications for Wikimania Scholarships to attend Wikimania 2010 in Gdansk, Poland (July 9-11) is now open. The Wikimedia Foundation offers Scholarships to pay for selected individuals' round trip travel, accommodations, and registration at the conference.
To apply, visit the [[wm2010:Main Page|Wikimania 2010]] [[wm2010:Scholarships|scholarships information page]], click the secure link available there, and fill out the form to apply.
For additional information, please visit the Scholarships information and FAQ pages:
* [[wm2010:Scholarships|Scholarships]]
* [[wm2010:Scholarships/FAQ|Scholarships FAQ]]
Yours very truly,
[[m:User:Cary Bass|Cary Bass]]&lt;/br&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator&lt;/br&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation


==2010 Fundraising Is Almost Here==
[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|left]] Hello Wikipedians, my name is Kelly and I am working for the Wikimedia Foundation during the 2010 Fundraiser. My job is to be the liaison between the Latina community and the Foundation. This year's fundraiser is intended to be a collaborative and global effort; we recognize that banner messages which may  perform well in the United States don't necessarily translate well, or appeal to international audiences. &lt;Br&gt;

I'm contacting you as I am currently looking for translators who are willing to contribute to this project by helping translate and localize messages into Latina and suggesting messages that would appeal to Latina readers on the Fundraising Meta Page. We've started the setup on [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010 meta] for both [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Messages banner submission], [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Banner_testing statistical analysis], and [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_2010/Committee grouping volunteers together].&lt;br&gt;Use the talk pages on meta, talk to your local communities, talk to others, talk to us, and add your feedback to the proposed messages as well! I look forward to working with you during this year's fundraiser. If someone could translate this message I would really appreciate it so that everyone is able to understand our goals and contribute to this year's campaign.&lt;br&gt;[[Usor:Klyman|Klyman]] 16:59, 21 Octobris 2010 (UTC)

== Call for image filter referendum ==

The Wikimedia Foundation, at the direction of the Board of Trustees, will be holding a vote to determine whether members of the community support the creation and usage of an opt-in personal image filter, which would allow readers to voluntarily screen particular types of images strictly for their own account.

Further details and educational materials will be available shortly.  The referendum is scheduled for 12-27 August, 2011, and will be conducted on servers hosted by a neutral third party.  Referendum details, officials, voting requirements, and supporting materials will be posted at [[Meta:Image filter referendum]] shortly.

Sorry for delivering you a message in English. Please help translate the pages on the referendum on Meta and join the [[mail:translators-l|translators mailing list]].

For the coordinating committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Philippe (WMF)|Philippe (WMF)]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Cbrown1023|Cbrown1023]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:Risker|Risker]]&lt;/br&gt;
[[m:User:Mardetanha|Mardetanha]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:PeterSymonds|PeterSymonds]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:Robertmharris|Robert Harris]]
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0090 --&gt;

== Terms of Use update ==

''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please help translate it.''
 
Hello,
 
The Wikimedia Foundation is discussing changes to its Terms of Use.  The discussion can be found at [[m:Talk:Terms of use|Talk:Terms of use]]. Everyone is invited to join in. Because the new version of [[m:Terms of use|Terms of use]] is not in final form, we are not able to present official translations of it. Volunteers are welcome to translate it, as German volunteers have done at [[:m:Terms of use/de]], but we ask that you note at the top that the translation is unofficial and may become outdated as the English version is changed. The translation request can be found at [[m:Translation requests/WMF/Terms of Use 2]] -- [[m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis, Community Liaison]] 01:02, 27 Octobris 2011 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0119 --&gt;

== Open Call for 2012 Wikimedia Fellowship Applicants ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please help translate it.''
*Do you want to help attract new contributors to Wikimedia projects?
*Do you want to improve retention of our existing editors?
*Do you want to strengthen our community by diversifying its base and increasing the overall number of excellent participants around the world?
The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking Community Fellows and project ideas for the Community Fellowship Program. A Fellowship is a temporary position at the Wikimedia Foundation in order to work on a specific project or set of projects. Submissions for 2012 are encouraged to focus on the theme of improving editor retention and increasing participation in Wikimedia projects. If interested, please submit a project idea or apply to be a fellow by January 15, 2012. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Fellowships for more information.

Thanks!

--[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Community Fellowships,
Wikimedia Foundation]] 02:53, 22 Decembris 2011 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0139 --&gt;

== Announcing Wikipedia 1.19 beta ==

Wikimedia Foundation is getting ready to push out 1.19 to all the WMF-hosted wikis.  As we finish wrapping up our code review, you can test the new version ''right now'' on [http://beta.wmflabs.org/ beta.wmflabs.org].  For more information, please read the [https://svn.wikimedia.org/viewvc/mediawiki/trunk/phase3/RELEASE-NOTES-1.19?view=markup release notes] or the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.19|start of the final announcement]].

The following are the areas that you will probably be most interested in:
* [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33711#c2 Faster loading of javascript files makes dependency tracking more important.]
* New common*.css files usable by skins instead of having to copy piles of generic styles from MonoBook or Vector's css.
* The default user signature now contains a talk link in addition to the user link.
* Searching blocked usernames in block log is now clearer.
* Better timezone recognition in user preferences.
* Improved diff readability for colorblind people.
* The interwiki links table can now be accessed also when the interwiki cache is used (used in the API and the Interwiki extension).
* More gender support (for instance in logs and user lists).
* Language converter improved, e.g. it now works depending on the page content language.
* Time and number-formatting magic words also now depend on the page content language.
* Bidirectional support further improved after 1.18.

Report any [http://labs.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Problem_reports problems] on the labs beta wiki and we'll work to address them before they software is released to the production wikis.

'''Note''' that this cluster does have SUL but it is not integrated with SUL in production, so you'll need to create another account.  You should avoid using the same password as you use here.  — [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 16:20, 15 Ianuarii 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0145 --&gt;

== MediaWiki 1.19 ==

(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to upgrade MediaWiki (the software powering this wiki) to its latest version this month. You can help to test it before it is enabled, to avoid disruption and breakage. More information is available [[:mw:MediaWiki 1.19/Deployment announcement|in the full announcement]]. Thank you for your understanding.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;. 15:08, 12 Februarii 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0154 --&gt;

== Update on IPv6 ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it, as well as '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement on Meta]]''') 

The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to do limited testing of IPv6 on June 2-3. If there are not too many problems, we may fully enable IPv6 on [http://www.worldipv6day.org/ World IPv6 day] (June 6), and keep it enabled.

What this means for your project:

*At least on June 2-3, 2012, you may see a small number of edits from IPv6 addresses, which are in the form &quot;&lt;code&gt;2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. See e.g. [[w:en:IPv6 address]]. These addresses should behave like any other IP address: You can leave messages on their talk pages; you can track their contributions; you can block them. (See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] for notes on range blocks.)

*In the mid term, some user scripts and tools will need to be adapted for IPv6. 

*We suspect that IPv6 usage is going to be very low initially, meaning that abuse should be manageable, and we will assist in the monitoring of the situation.

Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] on how to test the behavior of IPv6 with various tools and how to leave bug reports, and to find a fuller analysis of the implications of the IPv6 migration.

--[[m:User:Eloquence|Erik Möller, VP of Engineering and Product Development, Wikimedia Foundation]] 01:10, 2 Iunii 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0201 --&gt;

== 2011 Picture of the Year competition ==

&lt;small&gt;[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/mk|{{#language:mk}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/no|{{#language:no}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/pl|{{#language:pl}}]]&lt;/small&gt; 

Dear Wikimedians,

Wikimedia Commons is happy to announce that the ''2011 Picture of the Year competition'' is now open. We are interested in your opinion as to which images qualify to be the ''Picture of the Year 2011''. Any user registered at Commons or a Wikimedia wiki SUL-related to Commons [//toolserver.org/~pathoschild/accounteligibility/?user=&amp;wiki=&amp;event=24 with more than 75 edits before 1 April 2012 (UTC)] is welcome to vote and, of course everyone is welcome to view!

Detailed information about the contest can be found [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Introduction|at the introductory page]].

About 600 of the best of Wikimedia Common's photos, animations, movies and graphics were chosen &amp;ndash;by the international Wikimedia Commons community&amp;ndash; out of 12 million files during ''2011'' and are now called ''Featured Pictures''.

From professional animal and plant shots to breathtaking panoramas and skylines, restorations of historically relevant images, images portraying the world's best architecture, maps, emblems, diagrams created with the most modern technology, and impressive human portraits, Commons ''Features Pictures'' of all flavors.  

For your convenience, we have sorted the images [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Galleries|into topic categories]]. 

We regret that you receive this message in English; we intended to use banners to notify you in your native language but there was both, human and technical resistance.

See you on Commons!
--[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Committee|Picture of the Year 2011 Committee]] 18:27, 5 Iunii 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0205 --&gt;

== Mobile view as default view coming soon ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it, as well as the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mobile Projects/Mobile Gateway/Mobile homepage formatting|instructions on Meta]])'' 

The mobile view of this project and others will soon become the default view on mobile devices (except tablets). Some language versions of these projects currently show no content on the mobile home page, and it is a good time to do a little formatting so users get a mobile-friendly view, or to add to existing mobile content if some already exists.

If you are an administrator, please consider helping with this change. There are [[m:Mobile Projects/Mobile Gateway/Mobile homepage formatting|instructions]] which are being translated. The proposed date of switching the default view is July 5.

To contact the mobile team, email &lt;code&gt;mobile-feedback-l[[File:At_sign.svg|17px|link=]]lists.wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;.

--[[m:User:Pchang|Phil Inje Chang, Product Manager, Mobile, Wikimedia Foundation]] 04:50, 29 Iunii 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0217 --&gt;

== Help decide about more than $10 million of Wikimedia donations in the coming year ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)''

Hi,

As many of you are aware, the Wikimedia Board of Trustees recently initiated important changes in the way that money is being distributed within the Wikimedia movement. As part of this, a new community-led &quot;[[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC|Funds Dissemination Committee]]&quot; (FDC) is currently being set up. Already in 2012-13, its recommendations will guide the decisions about the distribution of over 10 million US dollars among the Foundation, chapters and other [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#Eligible_fund-seeking_entities|eligible entities]].

Now, seven capable, knowledgeable and trustworthy community members are sought to volunteer on the initial Funds Dissemination Committee. It is expected to take up its work in September. In addition, a community member is sought to be the [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#FDC_Ombudsperson|Ombudsperson]] for the FDC process. If you are interested in joining the committee, read the [[m:Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for Volunteers|call for volunteers]]. Nominations are planned to close on August 15.

--[[m:User:ASengupta_(WMF)|Anasuya Sengupta]], Director of Global Learning and Grantmaking, Wikimedia Foundation 20:13, 19 Iulii 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0223 --&gt;

== Request for Comment: Legal Fees Assistance Program ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize for addressing you in English. I would be grateful if you could translate this message into your language.''

The Wikimedia Foundation is conducting a [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|request for comment]] on a [[:m:Legal_and_Community_Advocacy/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|proposed program]] that could provide legal assistance to users in specific support roles who are named in a legal complaint as a defendant because of those roles. We wanted to be sure that your community was aware of this discussion and would have a chance to participate in [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|that discussion]]. 

If this page is not the best place to publicize this request for comment, please help spread the word to those who may be interested in participating. (If you'd like to help translating the &quot;request for comment&quot;, program policy or other pages into your language and don't know how the translation system works, please come by my user talk page at [[:m:User talk:Mdennis (WMF)]]. I'll be happy to assist or to connect you with a volunteer who can assist.)
 
Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]]02:03, 6 Septembris 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0245 --&gt;

== Wikidata is getting close to a first roll-out ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) 

As some of you might already have heard Wikimedia Deutschland is working on a new Wikimedia project. It is called [[m:Wikidata]]. The goal of Wikidata is to become a central data repository for the Wikipedias, its sister projects and the world. In the future it will hold data like the number of inhabitants of a country, the date of birth of a famous person or the length of a river. These can then be used in all Wikimedia projects and outside of them.

The project is divided into three phases and &quot;we are getting close to roll-out the first phase&quot;. The phases are:
# language links in the Wikipedias (making it possible to store the links between the language editions of an article just once in Wikidata instead of in each linked article)
# infoboxes (making it possible to store the data that is currently in infoboxes in one central place and share the data)
# lists (making it possible to create lists and similar things based on queries to Wikidata so they update automatically when new data is added or modified)

It'd be great if you could join us, test the [http://wikidata-test.wikimedia.de demo version], provide feedback and take part in the development of Wikidata. You can find all the relevant information including an [[m:Wikidata/FAQ|FAQ]] and sign-up links for our on-wiki newsletter on [[m:Wikidata|the Wikidata page on Meta]]. 

For further discussions please use [[m:Talk:Wikidata|this talk page]] (if you are uncomfortable writing in English you can also write in your native language there) or point [[m:User_talk:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|me]] to the place where your discussion is happening so I can answer there.

--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 13:27, 10 Septembris 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0248 --&gt;

== Upcoming software changes - please report any problems ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
&lt;div dir=ltr&gt;
''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)''

All Wikimedia wikis - including this one - will soon be upgraded with new and possibly disruptive code.  This process starts today and finishes on October 24 (see the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|upgrade schedule]] &amp; [[mw:MediaWiki 1.21/wmf2|code details]]).

Please watch for problems with:
* revision diffs
* templates
* CSS and JavaScript pages (like user scripts)
* bots
* PDF export
* images, video, and sound, especially scaling sizes
* the CologneBlue skin

If you notice any problems, please [[mw:How to report a bug|report problems]] at [[mw:Bugzilla|our defect tracker site]].  You can test for possible problems at [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org] and [https://mediawiki.org/ mediawiki.org], which have already been updated.

Thanks!  With your help we can find problems fast and get them fixed faster.

[[mw:User:Sharihareswara (WMF)|Sumana Harihareswara, Wikimedia Foundation Engineering Community Manager]] ([[mw:User talk:Sharihareswara (WMF)|talk]]) 03:03, 16 Octobris 2012 (UTC)

P.S.: For the regular, smaller MediaWiki updates every two weeks, please [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|watch this schedule]].

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0278 --&gt;

== Fundraising localization: volunteers from outside the USA needed ==

''Please translate for your local community''

Hello All,

The Wikimedia Foundation's Fundraising team have begun our 'User Experience' project, with the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries outside the USA and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. I am searching for volunteers to spend 30 minutes on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. 

The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real-time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. ''All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed'' (and they will be low amounts, like 1-2 dollars)

By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. Please sing up and help us with our 'User Experience' project! :)
If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)!

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[wmf:User:Ppena|Pats Pena]]&lt;br /&gt;
Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation

Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 17:08, 17 Octobris 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0280 --&gt;

== Be a Wikimedia fundraising &quot;User Experience&quot; volunteer! ==

Thank you to everyone who volunteered last year on the Wikimedia fundraising 'User Experience' project. We have talked to many different people in different countries and their feedback has helped us immensely in restructuring our pages. If you haven't heard of it yet, the 'User Experience' project has the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries (outside the USA) and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. 

I am (still) searching for volunteers to spend some time on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. 

The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. **All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed (and they will be very low amounts, like 1-2 dollars)**

By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)!!

Thanks!

[[m:User:Ppena (WMF)|Pats Pena]]&lt;br/&gt;
Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation

: Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 21:04, 8 Ianuarii 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 331 --&gt;

== Wikimedia sites to move to primary data center in Ashburn, Virginia. Read-only mode expected. ==

(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) Next week, the Wikimedia Foundation will transition its main technical operations to a new data center in Ashburn, Virginia, USA. This is intended to improve the technical performance and reliability of all Wikimedia sites, including this wiki. There will be some times when the site will be in read-only mode, and there may be full outages; the current target windows for the migration are January 22nd, 23rd and 24th, 2013, from 17:00 to 01:00 UTC (see [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=Wikimedia+data+center+migration&amp;iso=20130122T17&amp;ah=8 other timezones] on timeanddate.com). More information is available [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/01/19/wikimedia-sites-move-to-primary-data-center-in-ashburn-virginia/ in the full announcement].

If you would like to stay informed of future technical upgrades, consider [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|becoming a Tech ambassador]] and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors joining the ambassadors mailing list]. You will be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions.

Thank you for your help and your understanding.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;. 15:28, 19 Ianuarii 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0338 --&gt;

== Help turn ideas into grants in the new IdeaLab ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.''

*Do you have an idea for a project to improve this community or website?
*Do you think you could complete your idea if only you had some funding?
*Do you want to help other people turn their ideas into project plans or grant proposals?

Please join us in the [[m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]], an incubator for project ideas and Individual Engagement Grant proposals.

The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking new ideas and proposals for Individual Engagement Grants. These grants fund individuals or small groups to complete projects that help improve this community. If interested, please submit a completed proposal by February 15, 2013. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IEG for more information.

Thanks!  --[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 20:37, 30 Ianuarii 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0344 --&gt;

== Convert complex templates to Lua to make them faster and more powerful ==

&lt;small&gt;(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians)&lt;/small&gt;

Greetings. As you might have seen on the [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/03/11/lua-templates-faster-more-flexible-pages/ Wikimedia tech blog] or the [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-March/000171.html tech ambassadors list], a new functionality called &quot;Lua&quot; is being enabled on all Wikimedia sites today. [[mw:Lua|Lua]] is a scripting language that enables you to write faster and more powerful MediaWiki templates.

If you have questions about how to convert existing templates to Lua (or how to create new ones), we'll be holding two support sessions on IRC next week: [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=02&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=20&amp;month=03&amp;year=2013 one on Wednesday] (for Oceania, Asia &amp; America) and [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=22&amp;month=03&amp;year=2013 one on Friday] (for Europe, Africa &amp; America); see [[m:IRC office hours]] for the details. If you can't make it, you can also get help at [[mw:Talk:Lua scripting]].

If you'd like to learn about this kind of events earlier in advance, consider becoming a [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|Tech ambassador]] by subscribing to the [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors mailing list]. You will also be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]]. 20:05, 13 Martii 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0379 --&gt;

== [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|Request for comment on inactive administrators]] ==

&lt;small&gt;(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians. Please also consider translating [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Summary|the proposal]].)&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;[[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|Read this message in English]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ast|Lleer esti mensaxe n'asturianu]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/bn|বাংলায় এই বার্তাটি পড়ুন]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ca|Llegiu aquest missatge en català]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/da|Læs denne besked på dansk]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/de|Lies diese Nachricht auf Deutsch]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/egl|Leś cal mesag' chè in Emiliàn]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/es|Leer este mensaje en español]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fi|Lue tämä viesti suomeksi]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fr|Lire ce message en français]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/gl|Ler esta mensaxe en galego]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hi|हिन्दी]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hr|Pročitajte ovu poruku na hrvatskom]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/id|Baca pesan ini dalam Bahasa Indonesia]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/it|Leggi questo messaggio in italiano]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/kn|ಈ ಸಂದೇಶವನ್ನು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಿ]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/mt|Aqra dan il-messaġġ bil-Malti]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nb|norsk (bokmål)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nl|Lees dit bericht in het Nederlands]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/pl|Przeczytaj tę wiadomość po polsku]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ro|Citiți acest mesaj în română]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ru|Прочитать это сообщение на русском]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/so|Farriintaan ku aqri Af-Soomaali]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/sr|Pročitaj ovu poruku na srpskom (Прочитај ову поруку на српском)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/th|อ่านข้อความนี้ในภาษาไทย]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/uk|Прочитати це повідомлення українською мовою]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/vi|Đọc thông báo bằng tiếng Việt]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/zh|使用中文阅读本信息。]]&lt;/small&gt;

Hello!

There is [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|a new request for comment]] on Meta-Wiki concerning the removal of administrative rights from long-term inactive Wikimedians. Generally, this proposal from stewards would apply to wikis without an administrators' review process.

We are also compiling a [[m:Talk:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|list of projects]] with procedures for removing inactive administrators on the talk page of the request for comment. Feel free to add your project(s) to the list if you have a policy on administrator inactivity.

All input is appreciated. The discussion may close as soon as 21 May 2013 (2013-05-21), but this will be extended if needed.

Thanks, [[m:User:Billinghurst|Billinghurst]] &lt;small&gt;(thanks to all the [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|translators]]!)&lt;/small&gt; 04:57, 24 Aprilis 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0430 --&gt;

== [en] Change to wiki account system and account renaming ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Some accounts will soon be renamed due to a technical change that the developer team at Wikimedia are making. [[m:Single User Login finalisation announcement|More details on Meta]].

&lt;small&gt;(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 03:51, 30 Aprilis 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0437 --&gt;

== [en] Change to section edit links ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The default position of the &quot;edit&quot; link in page section headers is going to change soon. The &quot;edit&quot; link will be positioned adjacent to the page header text rather than floating opposite it.

Section edit links will be to the immediate right of section titles, instead of on the far right. If you're an editor of one of the wikis which already implemented this change, nothing will substantially change for you; however, scripts and gadgets depending on the previous implementation of section edit links will have to be adjusted to continue working; however, nothing else should break even if they are not updated in time.

[[m:Change to section edit links|Detailed information and a timeline]] is available on meta.

Ideas to do this all the way to 2009 at least. It is often difficult to track which of several potential section edit links on the far right is associated with the correct section, and many readers and anonymous or new editors may even be failing to notice section edit links at all, since they read section titles, which are far away from the links.

&lt;small&gt;(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 18:41, 30 Aprilis 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0438 --&gt;

== Tech newsletter: Subscribe to receive the next editions ==

&lt;div style=&quot;width:auto; padding: 1em; background:#fdf6e3;&quot; class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; &gt;&lt;big&gt;Latest '''[[m:Tech/News|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#268bd2;&quot;&gt;Tech news&lt;/span&gt;]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community.&lt;/big&gt; ''Please inform other users about these changes.''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:auto; padding: 1em; border: 2px solid #fdf6e3;&quot; class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; &gt;
;Recent software changes: ''(Not all changes will affect you.)''

* The latest version of MediaWiki (version [[mw:MediaWiki 1.22/wmf4|1.22/wmf4]]) was added to non-Wikipedia wikis on May 13, and to the English Wikipedia (with a Wikidata software update) on May 20. It will be updated on all other Wikipedia sites on May 22. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=ed976cf0c14fa3632fd10d9300bb646bfd6fe751;hp=c6c7bb1e5caaddf7325de9eef0e7bf85bcf5cc35] [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* A software update will perhaps result in temporary issues with images. Please [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|report any problems]] you notice. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* MediaWiki recognizes links in twelve new [[:w:en:URI scheme|schemes]]. Users can now link to [[:w:en:SSH|SSH]], [[:w:en:XMPP|XMPP]] and [[:w:en:Bitcoin|Bitcoin]] directly from wikicode. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commitdiff;h=a89d623302b5027dbb2d06941a22372948757685]
* VisualEditor was added to [[bugzilla:48430|all content namespaces]] on mediawiki.org on May 20. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* A new extension (&quot;TemplateData&quot;) was added to all Wikipedia sites on May 20. It will allow a future version of VisualEditor to [[bugzilla:44444|edit templates]]. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* New sites: [[:voy:el:|Greek Wikivoyage]] and [[:wikt:vec:|Venetian Wiktionary]] joined the Wikimedia family last week; the total number of project wikis is now 794. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=5d7536b403730bb502580e21243f923c3b79da0e] [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=43c9eebdfc976333be5c890439ba1fae3bef46f7]
* The logo of 18 Wikipedias was changed to [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_logos#The_May_2010_logo|version 2.0]] in a [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2013-May/125999.html third group of updates]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=4688adbe467440eea318eecf04839fdd9ffa0565] 
* The [[:commons:Special:UploadWizard|UploadWizard]] on Commons now shows links to the old upload form in 55 languages ([[:bugzilla:33513|bug 33513]]). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=4197fa18a22660296d0e5b84820d5ebb4cef46d4]

;Future software changes:
* The next version of MediaWiki (version 1.22/wmf5) will be added to Wikimedia sites starting on May 27. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* An updated version of [[mw:Echo (Notifications)|Notifications]], with new features and fewer bugs, will be added to the English Wikipedia on May 23. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Single User Login finalisation announcement|final version]] of the &quot;single user login&quot; (which allows people to use the same username on different Wikimedia wikis) is moved to August 2013. The software will [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-April/000217.html automatically rename] some usernames. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000233.html]
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flow|new discussion system]] for MediaWiki, called &quot;Flow&quot;, is under development. Wikimedia designers need your help to inform other users, [http://unicorn.wmflabs.org/flow/ test the prototype] and discuss the interface. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069433.html].
* The Wikimedia Foundation is hiring people to act as links between software developers and users for VisualEditor. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000245.html]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:90%; font-style:italic; background:#fdf6e3; padding:1em;&quot;&gt;'''[[m:Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] • [[m:Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Unsubscribe]] • 20:52, 20 Maii 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:left; background:#eee8d5; border: .2em solid #dc322f; border-left: .7em solid #dc322f; padding: 1em; &quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#dc322f;font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Important note:&lt;/span&gt; This is the first edition of the [[m:Tech/News|Tech News]] weekly summaries, which help you monitor recent software changes likely to impact you and your fellow Wikimedians.

'''If you want to continue to receive the next issues every week''', please '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe to the newsletter]]'''. You can  subscribe your personal talk page and a community page like this one. The newsletter can be [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|translated into your language]].

You can also [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|become a tech ambassador]], [[m:Tech/News|help us write the next newsletter]] and [[m:Talk:Tech/News|tell us what to improve]]. Your feedback is greatly appreciated. [[m:user:guillom|guillom]] 20:52, 20 Maii 2013 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0455 --&gt;

== Trademark discussion ==

Hi, apologies for posting this in English, but I wanted to alert your community to a discussion on Meta about potential changes to the Wikimedia Trademark Policy. Please translate this statement if you can. We hope that you will all participate in the discussion; we also welcome translations of the legal team’s statement into as many languages as possible and encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please see the [[:m:Trademark practices discussion|Trademark practices discussion (on Meta-Wiki)]] for more information. Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis_(WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:Mdennis_(WMF)|talk]])
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0473 --&gt;

== [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|X!'s Edit Counter]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(Sorry for writing in English. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requests_for_comment/X!%27s_Edit_Counter/Summary|translate the proposal]].)&lt;/small&gt;

Should [[tools:~tparis/pcount|X!'s edit counter]] retain the opt-in requirement? Your input is strongly encouraged. [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|Voice your input here]].—[[:m:w:User:Cyberpower678|&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;font-family:Neuropol&quot;&gt;cyberpower&lt;/span&gt;]] [[:m:w:User talk:Cyberpower678|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:purple;font-family:arnprior&quot;&gt;Chat&lt;/sup&gt;]]&lt;sub style=&quot;margin-left:-4.4ex;color:purple;font-family:arnprior&quot;&gt;Automation&lt;/sub&gt; 04:43, 23 Iunii 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0505 --&gt;

== Universal Language Selector will be enabled on 2013-07-09 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
On July 9, 2013, [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) will be enabled on this wiki. The ULS provides a flexible way to configure and deliver language settings like interface language, fonts, and input methods (keyboard mappings). Making it available here is the last phase of making ULS available on all Wikimedia wikis.

Please read the announcement on [[m:Announcement Universal Language Selector|Meta-Wiki]] for more information. [[m:User_talk:Siebrand|Siebrand]] 12:41, 4 Iulii 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0515 --&gt;

== Pywikipedia is migrating to git ==

Hello, Sorry for English but It's very important for bot operators so I hope someone translates this.
[[mw:PWB|Pywikipedia]] is migrating to Git so after July 26, SVN checkouts won't be updated If you're using Pywikipedia you have to switch to git, otherwise you will use out-dated framework and your bot might not work properly. There is a [[mw:Manual:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit|manual]] for doing that and a [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/07/23/pywikipediabot-moving-to-git-on-july-26/ blog post] explaining about this change in non-technical language. If you have question feel free to ask in [[mw:Manual talk:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit]], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/pywikipedia-l mailing list], or in the [irc://irc.freenode.net/#pywikipediabot IRC channel]. Best [[mw:User:Ladsgroup|Amir]] &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).&lt;/small&gt; 13:28, 23 Iulii 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0534 --&gt;

== HTTPS for users with an account ==

Greetings. Starting on August 21 (tomorrow), all users with an account will be using [[m:w:en:HTTPS|HTTPS]] to access Wikimedia sites. HTTPS brings better security and improves your privacy. More information is available at [[m:HTTPS]].

If HTTPS causes problems for you, tell us [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org on bugzilla], [[m:IRC|on IRC]] (in the &lt;code&gt;#wikimedia-operations&lt;/code&gt; channel) or [[m:Talk:HTTPS|on meta]]. If you can't use the other methods, you can also send an e-mail to &lt;code&gt;https@wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;.

[[m:User:Greg (WMF)|Greg Grossmeier]] &lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)&lt;/small&gt;. 19:22, 20 Augusti 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0560 --&gt;

== [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Request for consultation on community logo]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|thumb|Request for consultation on this community logo]]

First, I’d like to apologize for the English. If you can, please help to translate this for other members of your community.

The legal team at the Wikimedia Foundation would greatly appreciate your input on the best way to manage the &quot;community logo&quot; (pictured here) to best balance protection of the projects with community support. Accordingly, they have created a “request for consultation” on Meta where they set out briefly some of the issues to be considered and the options that they perceive. [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Your input would be invaluable]] in helping guide them in how best to serve our mission.

Thank you! --[[m:User:Mdennis|Mdennis]] ([[m:User talk:Mdennis|talk]]) &lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)&lt;/small&gt;. 02:47, 24 Septembris 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0590 --&gt;

== [[mw:Echo|Notifications]] ==

[[File:Notifications-Flyout-Screenshot-08-10-2013-Cropped.png|thumb|300px|Notifications inform you of new activity that affects you -- and let you take quick action.]]
''(This message is in English, please translate as needed)''

Greetings!  

[[mw:Echo|Notifications]] will inform users about new activity that affects them on this wiki in a unified way: for example, this new tool will let you know when you have new talk page messages, edit reverts, mentions or links -- and is designed to augment (rather than replace) the watchlist. The Wikimedia Foundation's editor engagement team developed this tool (code-named 'Echo') earlier this year, to help users contribute more productively to MediaWiki projects. 

We're now getting ready to bring Notifications to almost all other Wikimedia sites, and are aiming for a 22 October deployment, as outlined in [[mw:Echo/Release_Plan_2013|this release plan]]. It is important that notifications is translated for all of the languages we serve.  

There are three major points of translation needed to be either done or checked:
*[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-echo#sortable:3=desc Echo on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate
*[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-thanks#sortable:3=desc Thanks on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate
*[[mw:Help:Notifications|Notifications help on mediawiki.org]].  This page can be hosted after translation on mediawiki.org or we can localize it to this Wikipedia.  You do not have to have an account to translate on mediawiki, but single-user login will create it for you there if you follow the link.
:*[[mw:Echo/Release Plan 2013#Checklist|Checklist]]

Please let us know if you have any questions, suggestions or comments about this new tool. For more information, visit [[mw:Echo_(Notifications)|this project hub]] and [[mw:Help:Notifications|this help page]]. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:53, 4 Octobris 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system) (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0597 --&gt;

== Speak up about the trademark registration of the Community logo. ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hi all, 

Please join the consultation about the Community logo that represents Meta-Wiki: [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation]].

This community consultation was commenced on September 24. The following day, two individuals filed a legal opposition against the registration of the Community logo.

The question is whether the Wikimedia Foundation should seek a collective membership mark with respect to this logo or abandon its registration and protection of the trademark. 

We want to make sure that everyone get a chance to speak up so that we can get clear direction from the community.  We would therefore really appreciate the community's help in translating this announcement from English so that everyone is able to understand it.

Thanks, 
[[m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]] &amp; [[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] 20:28, 8 Octobris 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0601 --&gt;

== Introducting Beta Features ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for writing in English. Please translate if necessary)''

We would like to let you know about [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features]], a new program from the Wikimedia Foundation that lets you try out new features before they are released for everyone.

Think of it as a digital laboratory where community members can preview upcoming software and give feedback to help improve them. This special preference page lets designers and engineers experiment with new features on a broad scale, but in a way that's not disruptive.

Beta Features is now ready for testing on [[mw:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|MediaWiki.org]]. It will also be released on Wikimedia Commons and MetaWiki this Thursday, 7 November. Based on test results, the plan is to release it on all wikis worldwide on 21 November, 2013.

Here are the first features you can test this week:
* [[mw:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|Media Viewer]] — view images in large size or full screen
* [[mw:VisualEditor/Beta_Features/Formulae|VisualEditor Formulæ]] (for wikis with [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]]) — edit algebra or equations on your pages
* [[mw:Typography_Update|Typography Refresh]] —  make text more readable (coming Thursday)

Would you like to try out Beta Features now? After you log in on MediaWiki.org, a small 'Beta' link will appear next to your 'Preferences'. Click on it to see features you can test, check the ones you want, then click 'Save'. Learn more on the [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features page]].

After you've tested Beta Features, please let the developers know what you think on [[mw:Talk:About_Beta_Features|this discussion page]] -- or report any bugs [http://wmbug.com/new?product=MediaWiki%20extensions&amp;component=BetaFeatures here on Bugzilla]. You're also welcome to join [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|this IRC office hours chat]] on Friday, 8 November at 18:30 UTC. 

Beta Features was developed by the Wikimedia Foundation's Design, Multimedia and VisualEditor teams. Along with other developers, they will be adding new features to this experimental program every few weeks. They are very grateful to all the community members who helped create this project — and look forward to many more productive collaborations in the future.

Enjoy, and don't forget to let developers know what you think!  [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:15, 5 Novembris 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]])&lt;/small&gt;, 20:15, 5 Novembris 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0622 --&gt;

== Call for comments on draft trademark policy ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all, 

The Wikimedia legal team invites you to participate in the development of the new Wikimedia trademark policy.

The [[:wmf:Trademark policy|current trademark policy]] was introduced in 2009 to protect the [[:wmf:Wikimedia trademarks|Wikimedia marks]]. We are now updating this policy to better balance permissive use of the marks with the legal requirements for preserving them for the community. The new draft trademark policy is ready for your review [[:m:Trademark policy|here]], and we encourage you to discuss it [[:m:Talk:Trademark policy|here]].

We would appreciate if someone would translate this message into your language so more members of your community can contribute to the conversation.

Thanks, &lt;br /&gt;
[[:m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] &amp; [[:m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]]

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0657 --&gt;

== Request for comment on Commons: Should Wikimedia support MP4 video? ==

''I apologize for this message being only in English. Please translate it if needed to help your community.''

The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|multimedia team]] seeks community guidance on a proposal to support the [[w:MP4|MP4 video format]]. This digital video standard is used widely around the world to record, edit and watch videos on mobile phones, desktop computers and home video devices. It is also known as [[w:MP4|H.264/MPEG-4 or AVC]].

Supporting the MP4 format would make it much easier for our users to view and contribute video on Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects -- and video files could be offered in dual formats on our sites, so we could continue to support current open formats (WebM and Ogg Theora). 

However, MP4 is a patent-encumbered format, and using a proprietary format would be a departure from our current practice of only supporting open formats on our sites -- even though the licenses appear to have acceptable legal terms, with only a small fee required. 

We would appreciate your guidance on whether or not to support MP4. Our Request for Comments presents views both in favor and against MP4 support, based on opinions we’ve heard in our discussions with community and team members. 

[[commons:Commons:Requests for comment/MP4 Video|Please join this RfC -- and share your advice]].

All users are welcome to participate, whether you are active on Commons, Wikipedia, other Wikimedia project -- or any site that uses content from our free media repository.

You are also welcome to join tomorrow's [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|Office hours chat on IRC]],  this Thursday, January 16, at 19:00 UTC, if you would like to discuss this project with our team and other community members.

We look forward to a constructive discussion with you, so we can make a more informed decision together on this important topic. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 06:47, 16 Ianuarii 2014 (UTC)
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== Universal Language Selector will be enabled by default again on this wiki by 21 February 2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
On January 21 2014 the MediaWiki extension [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) was [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Jan2014|disabled]] on this wiki. A new preference was added for logged-in users to turn on ULS. This was done to prevent slow loading of pages due to ULS webfonts, a behaviour that had been observed by the Wikimedia Technical Operations team on some wikis. 

We are now ready to enable ULS again. The temporary preference to enable ULS will be removed. A [[commons:File:ULS-font-checkbox.png|new checkbox]] has been added to the Language Panel to enable/disable font delivery. This will be unchecked by default for this wiki, but can be selected at any time by the users to enable webfonts. This is an interim solution while we improve the feature of webfonts delivery.

You can read the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Feb2014|announcement]] and the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Upcoming Development Plan|development plan]] for more information. Apologies for writing this message only in English. Thank you. [[m:User_talk:Runab WMF|Runa]]

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Amendment to the Terms of Use ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello all, 

Please join a discussion about a [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|proposed amendment]] to the [[wmf:Terms of Use|Wikimedia Terms of Use]] regarding undisclosed paid editing and we encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please translate this statement if you can, and we welcome you to translate the proposed amendment and introduction. Please see [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|the discussion on Meta Wiki]] for more information. Thank you! [[:m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 22:00, 21 Februarii 2014 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Call for project ideas: funding is available for community experiments ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:IEG_key_blue.png|100px|right]]

''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.''

Do you have an idea for a project that could improve your community? [[m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants]] from the Wikimedia Foundation help support individuals and small teams to organize experiments for 6 months. You can get funding to try out your idea for online community organizing, outreach, tool-building, or research to help make {{SITENAME}} better. In March, we’re looking for new project proposals. 

Examples of past Individual Engagement Grant projects:
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Build_an_effective_method_of_publicity_in_PRChina|Organizing social media for Chinese Wikipedia]] ($350 for materials) 
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Visual_editor-_gadgets_compatibility|Improving gadgets for Visual Editor]] ($4500 for developers)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/The_Wikipedia_Library|Coordinating access to reliable sources for Wikipedians]] ($7500 for project management, consultants and materials)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Elaborate_Wikisource_strategic_vision|Building community and strategy for Wikisource]] (€10000 for organizing and travel)

'''[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-applying|Proposals]] are due by 31 March 2014.''' There are a number of ways to [[m:Grants:IEG|get involved]]! 

Hope to have your participation,

--[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual
Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 19:44, 28 Februarii 2014 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Proposed optional changes to Terms of Use amendment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, in response to some community comments in the discussion on the amendment to the Terms of Use on undisclosed paid editing,  we have prepared two optional changes. Please [[m:Terms_of_use/Paid_contributions_amendment#Optional_changes|read about these optional changes on Meta wiki]] and share your comments. If you can (and this is a non english project), please translate this announcement. Thanks! [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 21:55, 13 Martii 2014 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
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== Changes to the default site typography coming soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 
This week, the typography on Wikimedia sites will be updated for all readers and editors who use the default &quot;Vector&quot; skin. This change will involve new serif fonts for some headings, small tweaks to body content fonts, text size, text color, and spacing between elements. The schedule is: 

* '''April 1st''': non-Wikipedia projects will see this change live
* '''April 3rd''': Wikipedias will see this change live

This change is very similar to the &quot;Typography Update&quot; Beta Feature that has been available on Wikimedia projects since November 2013. After several rounds of testing and with feedback from the community, this Beta Feature will be disabled and successful aspects enabled in the default site appearance. Users who are logged in may still choose to use another skin, or alter their [[Special:MyPage/vector.css|personal CSS]], if they prefer a different appearance. Local [[MediaWiki:Common.css|common CSS]] styles will also apply as normal, for issues with local styles and scripts that impact all users. 

For more information:
* [[mw:Typography refresh|Summary of changes and FAQ]]
* [[mw:Talk:Typography refresh|Discussion page]] for feedback or questions
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/27/typography-refresh/ Post] on blog.wikimedia.org

-- [[m:User:Steven (WMF)|Steven Walling]] (Product Manager) on behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Design|User Experience Design]] team
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Using only [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload Wizard|UploadWizard]] for uploads ==

[[Image:Commons-logo.svg|right|220px|alt=Wikimedia Commons logo]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! It was noted that on this wiki you have [[Special:Statistics|less than 10 local files]]. Presumably, you therefore don't have interest nor energies to have [[commons:Category:Licensing templates|hundreds templates]] with the [[mw:Multimedia/Media Viewer/Template compatibility|now required HTML]], even less a local [[m:EDP|EDP]]. However, this means that users here will experience a mostly broken and/or [[wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy|illegal]] uploading.
I propose to
* '''have [[Special:Upload|local upload]] [[commons:Commons:Turning off local uploads|restricted]]''' to the &quot;{{int:group-sysop}}&quot; group (for emergency uploads) and
* the '''sidebar point to [[commons:Special:UploadWizard]]''',
so that you can avoid local maintenance and all users can have a functioning, easy upload interface [[translatewiki:Special:Translate/ext-uploadwizard|in their own language]]. All registered users can upload on Commons and [[Special:ListFiles|existing files]] will not be affected.

I'll get this done in one week from now.
# If you disagree with the proposal, just [[m:User:Nemo bis/Unused local uploads|remove your wiki from the list]].
# To make the UploadWizard even better, please tell your experience and ideas on [[commons:Commons:Upload Wizard feedback]].

[[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 20:38, 19 Maii 2014 (UTC)
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== Media Viewer ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings, my apologies for writing in English.

I wanted to let you know that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] will be released to this wiki in the coming weeks. Media Viewer allows readers of Wikimedia projects to have an enhanced view of files without having to visit the file page, but with more detail than a thumbnail. You can try Media Viewer out now by turning it on in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Features]]. If you do not enjoy Media Viewer or if it interferes with your work after it is turned on you will be able to disable Media Viewer as well in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preferences]]. I invite you to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|share what you think]] about Media Viewer and how it can be made better in the future.

Thank you for your time. - [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 21:29, 23 Maii 2014 (UTC)

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&lt;/br&gt;
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== Media Viewer is now live on this wiki ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Media_Viewer_Desktop_-_Large_Image_Opaque_Info.png|thumb|Media Viewer lets you see images in larger size]]

Greetings— and sorry for writing in English, please translate if it will help your community,

The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|Multimedia team]] is happy to announce that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] was just released on this site today. 

Media Viewer displays images in larger size when you click on their thumbnails, to provide a better viewing experience. Users can now view images faster and more clearly, without having to jump to separate pages — and its user interface is more intuitive, offering easy access to full-resolution images and information, with links to the file repository for editing. The tool has been tested extensively across all Wikimedia wikis over the past six months as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] and has been [[mw:Multimedia/Media_Viewer/Release_Plan#Timeline|released]] to the largest Wikipedias, all language Wikisources, and the English Wikivoyage already.

If you do not like this feature, you can easily turn it off by clicking on &quot;Disable Media Viewer&quot; at the bottom of the screen, pulling up the information panel (or in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]]) whether you have an account or not. Learn more [[mw:Help:Multimedia/Media_Viewer#How_can_I_turn_off_this_feature.3F|in this Media Viewer Help page]].

Please let us know if you have any questions or comments about Media Viewer. You are invited to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|share your feedback in this discussion on MediaWiki.org]] in any language, to help improve this feature. You are also welcome to [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-all?c=announce-all take this quick survey in English], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-fr en français], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-es o español].

We hope you enjoy Media Viewer. Many thanks to all the community members who helped make it possible. - [[mw:User:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|Fabrice Florin (WMF)]]  ([[m:User talk:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|talk]]) 21:54, 19 Iunii 2014 (UTC)

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== IMPORTANT: Admin activity review ==

Hello. A new policy regarding the removal of &quot;advanced rights&quot; (administrator, bureaucrat, etc) was recently adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] (your community received a notice about the discussion). According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on smaller wikis. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing &quot;advanced rights&quot; from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the new [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]] here.

We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no log actions for more than 2 years):
#The Doc (administrator)

These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards.

However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, '''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' 00:54, 29 Iulii 2014 (UTC)

== Letter petitioning WMF to reverse recent decisions ==

The Wikimedia Foundation recently created a new feature, &quot;superprotect&quot; status. The purpose is to prevent pages from being edited by elected administrators -- but permitting WMF staff to edit them. It has been put to use in only one case: to protect the deployment of the Media Viewer software on German Wikipedia, in defiance of a clear decision of that community to disable the feature by default, unless users decide to enable it.

If you oppose these actions, please add your name to this letter. If you know non-Wikimedians who support our vision for the free sharing of knowledge, and would like to add their names to the list, please ask them to sign an identical version of the letter on change.org.
* [[:m:Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer|Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer]]
* [http://www.change.org/p/lila-tretikov-remove-new-superprotect-status-and-permit-wikipedia-communities-to-enact-current-software-decisions-uninhibited Letter on change.org]

-- [[:m:User:JurgenNL|JurgenNL]] ([[:m:User talk:JurgenNL|talk]]) 17:35, 21 Augusti 2014 (UTC)
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== Process ideas for software development ==

&lt;div class=”mw-content-ltr”&gt;
’’My apologies for writing in English.’’

Hello,

I am notifying you that a brainstorming session has been [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)/Process ideas|started on Meta]] to help the Wikimedia Foundation increase and better affect community participation in software development across all wiki projects. Basically, how can you be more involved in helping to create features on Wikimedia projects?  We are inviting all interested users to voice their ideas on how communities can be more involved and informed in the product development process at the Wikimedia Foundation. It would be very appreciated if you could translate this message to help inform your local communities as well.

I and the rest of [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)|my team]] welcome you to participate. We hope to see you on Meta.

Kind regards,
-- [[m:User:Rdicerb (WMF)|Rdicerb (WMF)]] [[m:User talk:Rdicerb (WMF)|talk]] 22:15, 21 Augusti 2014 (UTC)

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== Grants to improve your project ==

:''Apologies for English.  Please help translate this message.''
Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals for funding new experiments from September 1st to 30th. Your idea could improve Wikimedia projects with a new tool or gadget, a better process to support community-building on your wiki, research on an important issue, or something else we haven't thought of yet. 
Whether you need $200 or $30,000 USD, Individual Engagement Grants can cover your own project development time in addition to hiring others to help you.
*'''[[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|Submit your proposal]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 16:52, 2 Septembris 2014 (UTC)
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== Meta RfCs on two new global groups ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, 

There are currently requests for comment open on meta to create two new global groups. The first is a group for members of the OTRS permissions queue, which would grant them autopatrolled rights on all wikis except those who opt-out. That proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Creation of a global OTRS-permissions user group]]. The second is a group for Wikimedia Commons admins and OTRS agents to view deleted file pages through the 'viewdeletedfile' right on all wikis except those who opt-out. The second proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Global file deletion review]].

We would like to hear what you think on both proposals. Both are in English; if you wanted to translate them into your native language that would also be appreciated.

It is possible for individual projects to opt-out, so that users in those groups do not have any additional rights on those projects. To do this please start a local discussion, and if there is consensus you can request to opt-out of either or both at [[m:Stewards' noticeboard]].

Thanks and regards, [[m:User:Ajraddatz|Ajraddatz]] ([[m:User talk:Ajraddatz|talk]]) 18:04, 26 Octobris 2014 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Global AbuseFilter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello,

[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is a MediaWiki extension used to detect likely abusive behavior patterns, like pattern vandalism and spam. In 2013, [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global AbuseFilters]] were enabled on a limited set of wikis including Meta-Wiki, MediaWiki.org, Wikispecies and (in early 2014) all the &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=small.dblist small wikis]&quot;. Recently, global abuse filters were enabled on &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=medium.dblist medium sized wikis]&quot; as well. These filters are currently managed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and have shown to be very effective in preventing mass spam attacks across Wikimedia projects. However, there is currently no policy on how the global AbuseFilters will be managed although there are proposals. There is an ongoing [[m:Requests for comment/Global AbuseFilter|request for comment]] on policy governing the use of the global AbuseFilters. In the meantime, specific wikis can opt out of using the global AbuseFilter. These wikis can simply add a request to [[m:Global AbuseFilter/Opt-out wikis|this list]] on Meta-Wiki. More details can be found on [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter/2014 announcement|this page]] at Meta-Wiki. If you have any questions, feel free to ask on [[m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter|m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter]].

Thanks,

[[m:User:PiRSquared17|PiRSquared17]], [[m:User:Glaisher|Glaisher]]&lt;/div&gt; — 17:36, 14 Novembris 2014 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor coming to this wiki as a Beta Feature ==

&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;me-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
[[File:VE_as_BetaFeature.png|right|350px]]

''Hello. Please excuse the English. I would be grateful if you translated this message!''

'''[[:mw:VE|VisualEditor]], a rich-text editor for MediaWiki, will soon be available on this wiki as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]'''. The estimated date of activation is Wednesday, 26 November. 

To access it, you will need to visit the {{int:Prefs-betafeatures}} [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures page] after the deployment and tick the box next to &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-preference-core-label}}&quot;. (If you have enabled the &quot;{{int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}&quot; option, VisualEditor will be automatically available for you.) There will also be a &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-preference-language-label}}&quot; that you can enable if you need it. 

Then, you just have to click on &quot;{{int:Vector-view-edit}}&quot; to start VisualEditor, or on &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; to edit using wikitext markup. You can even begin to edit pages with VisualEditor and then switch to the wikitext editor simply by clicking on its tab at any point, and you can keep your changes when doing so.

[[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE as Beta Feature|A guide was just published at mediawiki.org]] so that you can '''learn how to support your community with this transition''': please read and translate it if you can! You will find all the information about the next steps there. Please report any suggestions or issues at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|the main feedback page]]. You will also receive the next issues of the multilingual monthly newsletter here on this page: if you want it delivered elsewhere, for example at your personal talk page, please add the relevant page [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|here]].  
Thanks for your attention and happy editing, [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 18:12, 21 Novembris 2014 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
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== VisualEditor coming to this wiki as a Beta Feature (errata) ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;it&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''Please notice the correct direct link to access {{int:Prefs-betafeatures}} [[:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|is this one]]. Thanks for your understanding! [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 18:35, 21 Novembris 2014 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== VisualEditor News #10—2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}width:230px;border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|frameless|alt=VisualEditor]]
[[File:VisualEditor table editing add and remove columns.png|230x230px|center|frameless|alt=Screenshot showing how to add or remove columns from a table]]
'''Did you know?'''
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%;&quot;&gt;
Basic table editing is now available in VisualEditor. You can add and remove rows and columns from tables at the click of a button.

[[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on table editing and performance. Their weekly status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on mediawiki.org]]. Upcoming plans are posted at the [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].

'''VisualEditor was deployed to several hundred remaining wikis''' as an opt-in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] at the end of November, except for most Wiktionaries (which depend heavily upon templates) and all Wikisources (which await integration with [[mw:Extension:Proofread Page|ProofreadPage]]).

=== Recent improvements ===

Basic support for '''editing tables''' is now available. You can add and delete tables, add and remove rows and columns, set or remove a caption for a table, and merge cells together. To change the contents of a cell, double-click inside it. More features will be added in the coming months. In addition, VisualEditor now ignores broken, invalid &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;rowspan&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;colspan&lt;/code&gt; elements, instead of trying to repair them.

You can now use '''find and replace''' in VisualEditor, reachable through the tool menu or by pressing &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;^ Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; or &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;⌘ Cmd&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;.

You can now create and edit simple &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; paragraphs for quoting and indenting content. This changes a &quot;{{Int:Visualeditor-formatdropdown-format-paragraph}}&quot; into a &quot;{{Int:Visualeditor-formatdropdown-format-blockquote}}&quot;.

Some '''new keyboard sequences''' can be used to format content. At the start of the line, typing &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;* &lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make the line a bullet list; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#&lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a numbered list; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;==&lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a section heading; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;: &lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a blockquote. If you didn't mean to use these tools, you can press undo to undo the formatting change.

There are also two other keyboard sequences: &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; for opening the link tool, and &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; for opening the template tool, to help experienced editors. The existing standard keyboard shortcuts, like &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;^ Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; to open the link editor, still work. 

If you add a category that has been redirected, then VisualEditor now adds its target. Categories without description pages show up as red.

You can again create and edit '''galleries''' as wikitext code.

=== Looking ahead ===

The current VisualEditor design will be replaced with a '''new theme''' designed by the [[mw:Design|User Experience group]]. The new theme will be visible for desktop systems at mediawiki.org in late December and on other sites in early January. (You can see a developer preview of [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-apex-vector-ltr|the old &quot;Apex&quot; theme]] and [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-mediawiki-vector-ltr|the new &quot;MediaWiki&quot; one]] which will replace it.)

The Editing team [[mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''auto-fill features''']] '''for citations''' in January.

Planned changes to the media search dialog will make choosing between possible images easier.

=== Let's work together ===

* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]].
* Translations of the [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]] for most languages are outdated. Only Ukrainian, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Dutch translations are nearly current. Please help [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= complete the current translations] for users who speak your language.
* Talk to the Editing team during the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] via [[:en:IRC|IRC]]. The next session is on Wednesday, 7 January 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=7&amp;month=1&amp;year=2015 22:00 UTC].
* File requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the character formatting menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator].
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program].
* If you would like to help with translations of this newsletter, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]]. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; 
18:59, 26 Decembris 2014 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor News #1—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|300px|right|frameless|alt=VisualEditor]]
Since the last newsletter, the  [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on VisualEditor's appearance, the coming Citoid reference service, and support for languages with complex input requirements. 
Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on mediawiki.org]]. Upcoming plans are posted at the  [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].  

The Wikimedia Foundation has named [[:mw:Wikimedia_Engineering/2014-15_Goals#Top_departmental_priorities_for_Q3_.28January-March_2015.29|its top priorities for this quarter]] (January to March). The first priority is making VisualEditor ready for deployment by default to all new users and logged-out users at the remaining large Wikipedias. You can help identify these requirements. &lt;mark&gt;There will be weekly '''triage meetings '''which''' will be open to volunteers''' beginning Wednesday, 11 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150211T12&amp;p1=224&amp;ah=1 12:00 (noon) PST] (20:00 UTC). &lt;/mark&gt; Tell Vice President of Engineering [[:foundation:User:Damon_Sicore_(WMF)|Damon Sicore]], Product Manager [[:mw:User:Jdforrester_(WMF)|James Forrester]] and other team members which bugs and features are most important to you. The decisions made at these meetings will determine what work is necessary for this quarter's goal of making VisualEditor ready for deployment to new users. The presence of volunteers who enjoy contributing MediaWiki code is particularly appreciated. Information about how to join the meeting will be posted at [[:mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal|mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]] shortly before the meeting begins. 

Due to some breaking changes in MobileFrontend and VisualEditor, VisualEditor was not working correctly on the mobile site for a couple of days in early January. The teams apologize for the problem. 

=== Recent improvements === 

The''' new design for VisualEditor''' aligns with MediaWiki's [[mw:Frontend standards group|Front-End Standards]] as led by the Design team. Several new versions of the [[mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]] library have also been released, and these also affect the appearance of VisualEditor and other MediaWiki software extensions. Most changes were minor, like changing the text size and the amount of white space in some windows. Buttons are consistently color-coded to indicate whether the action:
* starts a new task, like opening the {{int:visualeditor-toolbar-savedialog}} dialog: &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #015ccc; color:white&quot;&gt; blue &lt;/span&gt;, 
* takes a constructive action, like inserting a citation:  &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #008c6d; color:white&quot;&gt; green &lt;/span&gt;,
* might remove or lose your work, like removing a link:  &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #a7170f; color:white&quot;&gt;  red &lt;/span&gt;,  or  
* is neutral, like opening a link in a new browser window:  &lt;span style=&quot;color: 757575&quot;&gt;  gray &lt;/span&gt;.  
The '''TemplateData editor''' has been completely re-written to use a different design based on the same OOjs UI system as VisualEditor.   ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67815 T67815], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73746 T73746].) This change fixed a couple of existing bugs and improved usability. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73077 T73077], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73078 T73078].) 

'''Search and replace''' in long documents is now faster. It does not highlight every occurrence if there are more than 100 on-screen at once.([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T78234 T78234].)

Editors at the Hebrew and Russian Wikipedia requested the ability to use VisualEditor in the &quot;Article Incubator&quot; or drafts namespace. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T86688 T86688], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T87027 T87027].) If your community would like '''VisualEditor enabled on another namespace''' on your wiki, then you can file a request in Phabricator. Please include a link to a community discussion about the requested change.

=== Looking ahead === 

The Editing team will soon add '''auto-fill features''' '''for citations'''. The '''[[mw:Citoid|Citoid service]]''' takes a [[w:URL|URL]] or [[w:en: Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. After creating it, you will be able to change or add information to the citation, in the same way that you edit any other pre-existing citation in VisualEditor. Support for ISBNs, PMIDs, and other identifiers is planned. Later, editors will be able to contribute to the Citoid service's definitions for each website, to improve precision and reduce the need for manual corrections.   

We will need editors to help test the '''new design of the special character inserter''', especially if you speak Welsh, Breton, or another language that uses diacritics or special characters extensively. The new version should be available for testing next week. Please contact [[:en:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] if you would like to be notified when the new version is available. After the special character tool is completed, VisualEditor will be deployed to all users at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|Phase 5 Wikipedias]]. This will affect about 50 mid-size and smaller Wikipedias, including '''Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Breton, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Tatar, and Welsh'''. The date for this change has not been determined. 

=== Let's work together === 


*Share your ideas and ask questions at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]]. 
*Please help [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter=  complete translations of the user guide] for users who speak your language. 
*Join the weekly bug triage meetings beginning Wednesday, 11 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150211T12&amp;p1=224&amp;ah=1 12:00 (noon) PST] (20:00 UTC); information about how to join the meeting will be posted at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]] shortly before the meeting begins, and you can also contact [[mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James F.]] to learn more about this initiative. 
*Talk to the Editing team during the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] via [[:en:IRC|IRC]]. The next session is on Thursday, 19 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=19&amp;month=2&amp;year=2015 19:00 UTC].  
*Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you would like to help with translations of this newsletter, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready.  Thank you! 

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; 18:31, 5 Februarii 2015 (UTC)
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== Wikidata is coming ==

(Sorry for writing in English. It'd be great if someone could translate this where necessary.)

Hi everyone :)

I am Wikidata's product manager. I wanted to reach out to you about Wikidata support for Wikibooks. Wikidata is storing structured data for Wikimedia projects (and others). These are for example things like the date of birth of a famous author or the height of a mountain. We are giving access to this data to all Wikimedia projects step by step. It is now Wikibooks' turn. As a first step you will be able to maintain your interwiki links on Wikidata. This means you no longer have to store them in the article text of each language. Instead they are stored just once on Wikidata together with all the other projects. (You will still be able to store them in the article text if you really want to but then they overwrite the links coming from Wikidata. Sometimes that is useful.) This first step should happen on February 24th. In the next step you will get access to all the other data on Wikidata. I do not have a date for that yet.

I am looking forward to having you join the Wikidata family! If you have any questions please don't hesitate to reach out to me. There is a special page for you on Wikidata that will hopefully help you and is a good place to ask questions: [[d:Wikidata:Wikibooks]].

Cheers [[d:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 19:41, 6 Februarii 2015 (UTC)
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== Wikidata support for interwiki links is here ==

Hey everyone :)

(Sorry for writing in English. It'd be great if someone could translate where appropriate.)

As previously announced we have enabled interwiki links via [[d:|Wikidata]] for Wikibooks last night. This means from now on you no longer have to maintain the links in the wikitext but can maintain them together with the links for Wikipedia, Commons, Wikivoyage, Wikisource, Wikinews and Wikiquote on Wikidata. You will still be able to keep them locally though if you want to. Local interwiki links will overwrite the ones from Wikidata. If you don't want any interwiki links from Wikidata on a particular page you can use the magic word &lt;nowiki&gt;{{noexternallanglinks}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

You do not yet have access to the other data on Wikidata like the date of birth of an author. That will come in a future deployment. I will let you know when I have a date for it.

If you have any questions [[d:Wikidata:Wikibooks]] is a good first step. That is also a good place for any issues or bugs you encounter.

I'm very happy to welcome you all to Wikidata! I hope it will become a great help for Wikibooks.

Cheers Lydia
-- [[d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 07:58, 25 Februarii 2015 (UTC)
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== [Global proposal] m.{{SITENAME}}.org: {{int:group-all}} {{int:right-edit}} ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Mediawiki-mobile-smartphone.png|thumb|MediaWiki mobile]]
Hi, this message is to let you know that, on domains like {{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}.'''m'''.wikipedia.org, '''unregistered users cannot edit'''. At the Wikimedia Forum, where global configuration changes are normally discussed, a few dozens users [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Proposal: restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites|propose to restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites]]. Please read and comment!

Thanks and sorry for writing in English, [[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 22:32, 1 Martii 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Inspire Campaign: Improving diversity, improving content ==

This March, we’re organizing an Inspire Campaign to encourage and support new ideas for improving gender diversity on Wikimedia projects. Less than 20% of Wikimedia contributors are women, and many important topics are still missing in our content. We invite all Wikimedians to participate. If you have an idea that could help address this problem, please get involved today! The campaign runs until March 31.

All proposals are welcome - research projects, technical solutions, community organizing and outreach initiatives, or something completely new! Funding is available from the Wikimedia Foundation for projects that need financial support. Constructive, positive feedback on ideas is appreciated, and collaboration is encouraged - your skills and experience may help bring someone else’s project to life. Join us at the Inspire Campaign and help this project better represent the world’s knowledge!
:*[[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Inspire|Inspire Campaign main page]]
''(Sorry for the English - please translate this message!)'' [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 20:01, 4 Martii 2015 (UTC)
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== SUL finalization update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,apologies for writing in English, please read [[m:Single_User_Login_finalisation_announcement/Schema_announcement|this page]] for important information and an update involving [[m:Help:Unified login|SUL finalization]], scheduled to take place in one month. Thanks. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:45, 13 Martii 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Stewards confirmation rules ==

Hello, I made [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Confirmation_of_stewards|a proposal on Meta]] to change the rules for the steward confirmations. Currently consensus to remove is required for a steward to lose his status, however I think it's fairer to the community if every steward needed the consensus to keep. As this is an issue that affects all WMF wikis, I'm sending this notification to let people know &amp; be able to participate. Best regards, --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]]&lt;/small&gt; 16:13, 10 Aprilis 2015 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor News #2—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]


'''Did you know?'''
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
With [[:mw:Citoid|Citoid]] in VisualEditor, you click the 'book with bookmark' icon and paste in the URL for a reliable source:


[[File:Citoid in VisualEditor Screen Shot 2015-04-02.png|alt=Screenshot of Citoid's first dialog|centre|frameless|230x230px]]


Citoid looks up the source for you and returns the citation results.  Click the green &quot;Insert&quot; button to accept its results and add them to the article:  


[[File:Citoid results in VisualEditor Screen Shot 2015-04-02.png|alt=Screenshot of Citoid's initial results|centre|frameless|230x230px]]


After inserting the citation, you can change it.  Select the reference, and click the &quot;Edit&quot; button in the context menu to make changes.

[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on VisualEditor's performance, the [[:mw:Citoid|Citoid]] reference service, and support for languages with complex input requirements. Status reports are posted [[:mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on Mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

The weekly '''task triage meetings''' continue to be open to volunteers, each Wednesday at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150401T11&amp;p1=224&amp;am=30 11:00 (noon) PDT] (18:00 UTC).  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|Editing team's Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal|mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]]. 
=== Recent improvements ===
VisualEditor is now substantially faster.  In many cases, opening the page in VisualEditor is now faster than opening it in the wikitext editor. The new system has improved the code speed by 37% and [[:mw:RESTBase|network speed]] by almost 40%.

The Editing team is slowly adding '''auto-fill features''' '''for citations'''. This is currently available only at the French, Italian, and English Wikipedias.  The '''[[:mw:Citoid|Citoid service]]''' takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. After creating it, you will be able to change or add information to the citation, in the same way that you edit any other pre-existing citation in VisualEditor. Support for [[:en:ISBN|ISBNs]], [[:en:PubMed#PubMed_identifier|PMIDs]], and other identifiers is planned. Later, editors will be able to improve precision and reduce the need for manual corrections by contributing to the Citoid service's definitions for each website.

Citoid requires good [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your citation templates.  If you would like to request this feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the TemplateData for the most important citation templates on your wiki.

The '''special character inserter''' has been improved, based upon feedback from active users.  After this, VisualEditor was made available to all users of Wikipedias on the [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|Phase 5]] list on 30 March.  This affected 53 mid-size and smaller Wikipedias, including '''Afrikaans''', '''Azerbaijani''', '''Breton''', '''Kyrgyz''', '''Macedonian''', '''Mongolian''', '''Tatar''', and''' Welsh'''. 

Work continues to support languages with complex requirements, such as Korean and Japanese.  These languages use [[w:input method editor|input method editors]] (&quot;IMEs”).  Recent improvements to cursoring, backspace, and delete behavior will simplify typing in VisualEditor for these users.

The design for the image selection process is now using a &quot;masonry fit&quot; model.  Images in the search results are displayed at the same height but at variable widths, similar to bricks of different sizes in a masonry wall, or the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Mode parameter|&quot;packed&quot; mode in image galleries]].  This style helps you find the right image by making it easier to see more details in images.

You can now '''drag and drop categories''' to re-arrange their order of appearance ​on the page.

The pop-up window that appears when you click on a reference, image, link, or other element, is called the &quot;context menu&quot;.  It now displays additional useful information, such as the destination of the link or the image's filename.  The team has also added an explicit &quot;Edit&quot; button in the context menu, which helps new editors open the tool to change the item.

'''Invisible templates are marked by a puzzle piece icon''' so they can be interacted with. Users also will be able to see and edit HTML anchors now in section headings.

Users of the TemplateData GUI editor can now set a string as an optional text for the 'deprecated' property in addition to boolean value, which lets you tell users of the template what they should do instead. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90734 T90734])

=== Looking ahead ===
The special character inserter in VisualEditor will soon use the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki will also have the option of creating a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Instructions for customizing the list will be posted [[:mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].

The team is discussing a test of VisualEditor with new users at the English Wikipedia, to see whether they have met their goals of making VisualEditor suitable for those editors.  The timing is unknown, but might be relatively soon. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90666 T90666])

=== Let's work together ===

* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback].
* Can you translate from English into any other language?  Please check [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve&amp;suppressempty=1 this list] to see whether more interface translations are needed for your language.  [[m:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|Contact us]] to get an account if you want to help! 
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program]. 
* File requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the character formatting menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator]. 

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt; 19:48, 10 Aprilis 2015 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|Nominations are being accepted for 2015 Wikimedia Foundation elections]] ==

''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translations]] are available.''
[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|100px|right]]
Greetings,

I am pleased to announce that nominations are now being accepted for the 2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections. This year the Board and the FDC Staff are looking for a diverse set of candidates from regions and projects that are traditionally under-represented on the board and in the movement as well as candidates with experience in technology, product or finance. To this end they have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|published letters]] describing what they think is needed and, recognizing that those who know the community the best are the community themselves, the election committee is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|accepting nominations]] for community members you think should run and will reach out to those nominated to provide them with information about the job and the election process.

This year, elections are being held for the following roles:

''Board of Trustees''&lt;br/&gt;
The Board of Trustees is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long term sustainability of the Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection.  There are three positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|the board elections page]].    

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''&lt;br/&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) Ombud''&lt;br/&gt;
The FDC Ombud receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis.  One position is being filled.  More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

The candidacy submission phase lasts from 00:00 UTC April 20 to 23:59 UTC May 5 for the Board and from 00:00 UTCApril 20 to 23:59 UTC April 30 for the FDC and FDC Ombudsperson. This year, we are accepting both self-nominations and nominations of others. More information on this election and the nomination process can be found on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|the 2015 Wikimedia elections page on Meta-Wiki]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the talk page on Meta, or sent to the election committee's mailing list, board-elections -at- wikimedia.org 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 05:03, 21 April 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]''
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections 2015]] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation RGB logo with text.svg|right|75px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Voting has begun]] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|FDC Ombudsperson]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' will continue during the voting. Nominations for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Board of Trustees]]'' will be accepted until 23:59 UTC May 5.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions on the committee being filled.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee/Ombudsperson role, expectations, and selection process|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]], and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 3 to 23:59 UTC May 10. '''[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Click here to vote]].''' Questions and discussion with the candidates will continue during that time. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC candidates a question]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC Ombudsperson candidates a question]].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|2015 FDC election page]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|2015 FDC Ombudsperson election page]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 Board election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 03:45, 4 May 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]''
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== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=la Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections 2015] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|right|100px|link=metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=la Voting has begun] for [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015/Questions|Board]]'' will continue during the voting.

The ''[[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]'' is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 17 to 23:59 UTC May 31. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=la Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 ''Board'' election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[metawiki:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 17:20, 17 May 2015 (UTC) • [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]''
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== Pywikibot compat will no longer be supported - Please migrate to pywikibot core ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sorry for English, I hope someone translates this.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] (then &quot;Pywikipediabot&quot;) was started back in 2002. In 2007 a new branch (formerly known as &quot;rewrite&quot;, now called &quot;core&quot;) was started from scratch using the MediaWiki API. The developers of Pywikibot have decided to stop supporting the compat version of Pywikibot due to bad performance and architectural errors that make it hard to update, compared to core.  If you are using pywikibot compat it is likely your code will break due to upcoming MediaWiki API changes (e.g. [[phab:T101524|T101524]]). It is highly recommended you migrate to the core framework. There is a  [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot/Compat deprecation|migration guide]], and please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Communication|contact us]] if you have any problem.

There is an upcoming MediaWiki API breaking change that compat will not be updated for. If your bot's name is in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-June/081931.html this list], your bot will most likely break.

Thank you,&lt;br /&gt;
The Pywikibot development team, 19:30, 5 June 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Pywikibot compat will no longer be supported - Please migrate to pywikibot core ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sorry for English, I hope someone translates this.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] (then &quot;Pywikipediabot&quot;) was started back in 2002. In 2007 a new branch (formerly known as &quot;rewrite&quot;, now called &quot;core&quot;) was started from scratch using the MediaWiki API. The developers of Pywikibot have decided to stop supporting the compat version of Pywikibot due to bad performance and architectural errors that make it hard to update, compared to core.  If you are using pywikibot compat it is likely your code will break due to upcoming MediaWiki API changes (e.g. [[phab:T101524|T101524]]). It is highly recommended you migrate to the core framework. There is a  [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot/Compat deprecation|migration guide]], and please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Communication|contact us]] if you have any problem.

There is an upcoming MediaWiki API breaking change that compat will not be updated for. If your bot's name is in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-June/081931.html this list], your bot will most likely break.

Thank you,&lt;br /&gt;
The Pywikibot development team, 19:30, 5 June 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== VisualEditor News #3—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]

'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
When you click on a link to an article, you now see more information:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-context menu-link tool.png|alt=Screenshot showing the link tool's context menu|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
The link tool has been re-designed:  
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor link tool 2015.png|alt=Screenshot of the link inspector|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
There are separate tabs for linking to internal and external pages.
[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has created new interfaces for the link and citation tools and fixed many bugs and changed some elements of the design.  Some of these bugs affected users of VisualEditor on mobile devices. Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|test of VisualEditor's effect on new editors]] at the English Wikipedia has just completed the first phase.  During this test, half of newly registered editors had VisualEditor automatically enabled, and half did not.  The main goal of the study is to learn which group was more likely to save an edit and to make productive, unreverted edits.  Initial [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study#Results|results will be posted at Meta]] later this month.    
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features''' '''for citations''' are available at a few Wikipedias through the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]'''.  Citoid takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation.  If Citoid is enabled on your wiki, then the design of the citation workflow changed during May.  All citations are now created inside a single tool.  Inside that tool, choose the tab you want ({{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-auto}}, {{int: citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-manual}}, or {{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-reuse}}).  The cite button is now labeled with the word &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot; rather than a book icon, and the autofill citation dialog now has a more meaningful label, &quot;{{Int:Citoid-citeFromIDDialog-lookup-button}}&quot;, for the submit button.

The '''link tool''' has been redesigned based on feedback from Wikipedia editors and user testing.  It now has two separate sections:  one for links to articles and one for external links. When you select a link, its pop-up context menu shows the name of the linked page, a thumbnail image from the linked page, Wikidata's description, and appropriate icons for disambiguation pages, redirect pages and empty pages (where applicable). Search results have been reduced to the first five pages.  Several bugs were fixed, including a dark highlight that appeared over the first match in the link inspector.  ([[phab:T98085|T98085]])

The '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor now uses the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki can also create a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Please read the instructions for customizing the list [[mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].  Also, there is now a tooltip to describing each character in the special character inserter. ([[phab:T70425|T70425]])

Several improvements have been made to '''templates'''.  When you search for a template to insert, the list of results now contains descriptions of the templates. The parameter list inside the template dialog now remains open after inserting a parameter from the list, so that users don’t need to click on &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-dialog-transclusion-add-param}}&quot; each time they want to add another parameter.  ([[phab:T95696|T95696]]) The team added a '''new property for TemplateData''', &quot;{{int: templatedata-doc-param-example}}&quot;, for template parameters.  This optional, translatable property will show up when there is text describing how to use that parameter. ([[phab:T53049|T53049]])

The '''design''' of the main toolbar and several other elements have changed slightly, to be consistent with the MediaWiki theme.  In the Vector skin, individual items in the menu are separated visually by pale gray bars.  Buttons and menus on the toolbar can now contain both an icon and a text label, rather than just one or the other. This new design feature is being used for the cite button on wikis where the Citoid service is enabled.

The team has released a long-desired improvement to the handling of '''non-existent images'''.  If a non-existent image is linked in an article, then it is now visible in VisualEditor and can be selected, edited, replaced, or removed.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Wednesday at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|VisualEditor Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  
* If your Wikivoyage, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, or other community wants to have VisualEditor made available by default to contributors, then please contact [[:m:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]]. 
* If you would like to request the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]]  for the most important citation templates on your wiki. 
*The team is planning the second VisualEditor-related &quot;translathon&quot; for July. Please follow [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91108 this task on Phabricator] for details and updates! Announcements will follow in due course.

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;10:44, 13 Iunii 2015 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor News #3—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]

'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
When you click on a link to an article, you now see more information:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-context menu-link tool.png|alt=Screenshot showing the link tool's context menu|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
The link tool has been re-designed:  
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor link tool 2015.png|alt=Screenshot of the link inspector|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
There are separate tabs for linking to internal and external pages.
[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has created new interfaces for the link and citation tools and fixed many bugs and changed some elements of the design.  Some of these bugs affected users of VisualEditor on mobile devices. Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|test of VisualEditor's effect on new editors]] at the English Wikipedia has just completed the first phase.  During this test, half of newly registered editors had VisualEditor automatically enabled, and half did not.  The main goal of the study is to learn which group was more likely to save an edit and to make productive, unreverted edits.  Initial [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study#Results|results will be posted at Meta]] later this month.    
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features''' '''for citations''' are available at a few Wikipedias through the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]'''.  Citoid takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation.  If Citoid is enabled on your wiki, then the design of the citation workflow changed during May.  All citations are now created inside a single tool.  Inside that tool, choose the tab you want ({{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-auto}}, {{int: citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-manual}}, or {{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-reuse}}).  The cite button is now labeled with the word &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot; rather than a book icon, and the autofill citation dialog now has a more meaningful label, &quot;{{Int:Citoid-citeFromIDDialog-lookup-button}}&quot;, for the submit button.

The '''link tool''' has been redesigned based on feedback from Wikipedia editors and user testing.  It now has two separate sections:  one for links to articles and one for external links. When you select a link, its pop-up context menu shows the name of the linked page, a thumbnail image from the linked page, Wikidata's description, and appropriate icons for disambiguation pages, redirect pages and empty pages (where applicable). Search results have been reduced to the first five pages.  Several bugs were fixed, including a dark highlight that appeared over the first match in the link inspector.  ([[phab:T98085|T98085]])

The '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor now uses the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki can also create a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Please read the instructions for customizing the list [[mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].  Also, there is now a tooltip to describing each character in the special character inserter. ([[phab:T70425|T70425]])

Several improvements have been made to '''templates'''.  When you search for a template to insert, the list of results now contains descriptions of the templates. The parameter list inside the template dialog now remains open after inserting a parameter from the list, so that users don’t need to click on &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-dialog-transclusion-add-param}}&quot; each time they want to add another parameter.  ([[phab:T95696|T95696]]) The team added a '''new property for TemplateData''', &quot;{{int: templatedata-doc-param-example}}&quot;, for template parameters.  This optional, translatable property will show up when there is text describing how to use that parameter. ([[phab:T53049|T53049]])

The '''design''' of the main toolbar and several other elements have changed slightly, to be consistent with the MediaWiki theme.  In the Vector skin, individual items in the menu are separated visually by pale gray bars.  Buttons and menus on the toolbar can now contain both an icon and a text label, rather than just one or the other. This new design feature is being used for the cite button on wikis where the Citoid service is enabled.

The team has released a long-desired improvement to the handling of '''non-existent images'''.  If a non-existent image is linked in an article, then it is now visible in VisualEditor and can be selected, edited, replaced, or removed.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Wednesday at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|VisualEditor Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  
* If your Wikivoyage, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, or other community wants to have VisualEditor made available by default to contributors, then please contact [[:m:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]]. 
* If you would like to request the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]]  for the most important citation templates on your wiki. 
*The team is planning the second VisualEditor-related &quot;translathon&quot; for July. Please follow [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91108 this task on Phabricator] for details and updates! Announcements will follow in due course.

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;12:10, 13 Iunii 2015 (UTC)
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== HTTPS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.

Hi everyone.

Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals.

[https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified.

Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions.

/[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 22:00, 19 Iunii 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/HTTPS_global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12471979 --&gt;

== HTTPS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.

Hi everyone.

Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals.

[https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified.

Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions.

/[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 01:01, 20 Iunii 2015 (UTC)
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== Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohexanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]]
[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]]

There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side)

This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) &amp; [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 05:07, 24 Iulii 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohexanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]]
[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]]

There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side)

This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) &amp; [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 06:48, 24 Iulii 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 23:42, 31 Iulii 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 01:08, 1 Augusti 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== VisualEditor News #4—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/August|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  
You can add quotations marks before and after a title or phrase with a single click.

Select the relevant text.  Find the correct quotations marks in the special character inserter tool (marked as Ω in the toolbar).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 2.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool, selected text, and the special character that will be inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
Click the button.  VisualEditor will add the quotation marks on either side of the text you selected.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 3.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool and the same text after the special character has been inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] have been working on mobile phone support. They have fixed many bugs and improved language support.  They post weekly status reports [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving language support and functionality on mobile devices.   

=== Wikimania ===
The team attended Wikimania 2015 in Mexico City. There they participated in the Hackathon and met with individuals and groups of users. They also made several presentations about [[c:File:How_we_made_VisualEditor_faster.pdf|VisualEditor]] and the [[:c:File:Wikimania_2015_–_Editing_Department_–_Beyond_Editing.pdf|future of editing]]. 

Following Wikimania, we announced winners for the [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon VisualEditor 2015 Translathon]. Our thanks and congratulations to users ''Halan-tul'', ''Renessaince'', ''&lt;span lang=&quot;ne&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;जनक राज भट्ट&lt;/span&gt; (Janak Bhatta)'', ''Vahe Gharakhanyan'', ''Warrakkk'', and ''Eduardogobi''.

For '''interface messages''' (translated at [https://translatewiki.net translatewiki.net]), we saw the initiative affecting 42 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 56.5% before the translathon, and 78.2% after ('''+21.7%'''). In particular, Sakha improved from 12.2% to 94.2%; Brazilian Portuguese went from 50.6% to 100%; Taraškievica went from 44.9% to 85.3%; Doteli went from 1.3% to 41.2%. Also, while 1.7% of the messages were outdated across all languages before the translathon, the percentage dropped to 0.8% afterwards (-0.9%).   

For '''documentation messages''' (on mediawiki.org), we saw the initiative affecting 24 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 26.6% before translathon, and 46.9% after ('''+20.3%''').  There were particularly notable achievements for three languages. Armenian improved from 1% to 99%; Swedish, from 21% to 99%, and Brazilian Portuguese, from 34% to 83%. Outdated translations across all languages were reduced from 8.4% before translathon to 4.8% afterwards (-3.6%).   

[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon#Graphs_(interface_messages_only) We published some graphs] showing the effect of the event on the Translathon page. We thank the translators for participating and the translatewiki.net staff for facilitating this initiative.   

=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features for citations''' can be enabled on each Wikipedia.  The tool uses the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]''' to convert a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] into a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. You can see an animated GIF of the quick, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/GIFs#Auto-citing_a_source|simple process at mediawiki.org]].  So far, about a dozen Wikipedias have enabled the auto-citation tool.  To enable it for your wiki, follow the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling_Citoid_on_your_wiki|instructions at mediawiki.org]].

Your wiki can customize the first section of the '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor. Please follow the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Special_characters|instructions at mediawiki.org]] to put the characters you want at the top. 
In other changes, if you need to fill in a [[:mw:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]] and get it wrong, then you can click to get a new one to complete.  VisualEditor can now display and edit [[mediawikiwiki:Extension:Graph|Vega-based graphs]]. If you use the Monobook skin, VisualEditor's appearance is now more consistent with other software.     

=== Future changes ===
The team will be changing the '''appearance of selected links''' inside VisualEditor. The purpose is to make it easy to see whether your cursor is inside or outside the link.  When you select a link, the link label (the words shown on the page) will be enclosed in a faint box.  If you place your cursor inside the box, then your changes to the link label will be part of the link.  If you place your cursor outside the box, then it will not.  This will make it easy to know when new characters will be added to the link and when they will not.

On the English Wikipedia, 10% of newly created accounts are now offered both the visual and the wikitext editors.  A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|recent controlled trial]] showed no significant difference in survival or productivity for new users in the short term.  New users with access to VisualEditor were very slightly less likely to produce results that needed reverting.  You can learn more about this by watching a video of the [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Research/Showcase#July_2015|July 2015 Wikimedia Research Showcase]].  The proportion of new accounts with access to both editing environments will be gradually increased over time. Eventually all new users have the choice  between the two editing environments.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]].  This feedback page is now using [[mw:Flow|Flow]] instead of LiquidThreads.
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]]  needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|mediawiki.org]] if you can help.  
* If your wiki would like '''VisualEditor enabled on another namespace''', you can file a request in Phabricator. Please include a link to a community discussion about the requested change.
* Please file requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the styling menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator].   
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Tuesdays at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q1 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the main [[phab:project/profile/483/|VisualEditor project]] with the bug. 

If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt; —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 22:28, 14 Augusti 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=12980645 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #4—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/August|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  
You can add quotations marks before and after a title or phrase with a single click.

Select the relevant text.  Find the correct quotations marks in the special character inserter tool (marked as Ω in the toolbar).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 2.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool, selected text, and the special character that will be inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
Click the button.  VisualEditor will add the quotation marks on either side of the text you selected.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 3.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool and the same text after the special character has been inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] have been working on mobile phone support. They have fixed many bugs and improved language support.  They post weekly status reports [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving language support and functionality on mobile devices.   

=== Wikimania ===
The team attended Wikimania 2015 in Mexico City. There they participated in the Hackathon and met with individuals and groups of users. They also made several presentations about [[c:File:How_we_made_VisualEditor_faster.pdf|VisualEditor]] and the [[:c:File:Wikimania_2015_–_Editing_Department_–_Beyond_Editing.pdf|future of editing]]. 

Following Wikimania, we announced winners for the [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon VisualEditor 2015 Translathon]. Our thanks and congratulations to users ''Halan-tul'', ''Renessaince'', ''&lt;span lang=&quot;ne&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;जनक राज भट्ट&lt;/span&gt; (Janak Bhatta)'', ''Vahe Gharakhanyan'', ''Warrakkk'', and ''Eduardogobi''.

For '''interface messages''' (translated at [https://translatewiki.net translatewiki.net]), we saw the initiative affecting 42 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 56.5% before the translathon, and 78.2% after ('''+21.7%'''). In particular, Sakha improved from 12.2% to 94.2%; Brazilian Portuguese went from 50.6% to 100%; Taraškievica went from 44.9% to 85.3%; Doteli went from 1.3% to 41.2%. Also, while 1.7% of the messages were outdated across all languages before the translathon, the percentage dropped to 0.8% afterwards (-0.9%).   

For '''documentation messages''' (on mediawiki.org), we saw the initiative affecting 24 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 26.6% before translathon, and 46.9% after ('''+20.3%''').  There were particularly notable achievements for three languages. Armenian improved from 1% to 99%; Swedish, from 21% to 99%, and Brazilian Portuguese, from 34% to 83%. Outdated translations across all languages were reduced from 8.4% before translathon to 4.8% afterwards (-3.6%).   

[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon#Graphs_(interface_messages_only) We published some graphs] showing the effect of the event on the Translathon page. We thank the translators for participating and the translatewiki.net staff for facilitating this initiative.   

=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features for citations''' can be enabled on each Wikipedia.  The tool uses the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]''' to convert a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] into a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. You can see an animated GIF of the quick, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/GIFs#Auto-citing_a_source|simple process at mediawiki.org]].  So far, about a dozen Wikipedias have enabled the auto-citation tool.  To enable it for your wiki, follow the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling_Citoid_on_your_wiki|instructions at mediawiki.org]].

Your wiki can customize the first section of the '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor. Please follow the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Special_characters|instructions at mediawiki.org]] to put the characters you want at the top. 
In other changes, if you need to fill in a [[:mw:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]] and get it wrong, then you can click to get a new one to complete.  VisualEditor can now display and edit [[mediawikiwiki:Extension:Graph|Vega-based graphs]]. If you use the Monobook skin, VisualEditor's appearance is now more consistent with other software.     

=== Future changes ===
The team will be changing the '''appearance of selected links''' inside VisualEditor. The purpose is to make it easy to see whether your cursor is inside or outside the link.  When you select a link, the link label (the words shown on the page) will be enclosed in a faint box.  If you place your cursor inside the box, then your changes to the link label will be part of the link.  If you place your cursor outside the box, then it will not.  This will make it easy to know when new characters will be added to the link and when they will not.

On the English Wikipedia, 10% of newly created accounts are now offered both the visual and the wikitext editors.  A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|recent controlled trial]] showed no significant difference in survival or productivity for new users in the short term.  New users with access to VisualEditor were very slightly less likely to produce results that needed reverting.  You can learn more about this by watching a video of the [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Research/Showcase#July_2015|July 2015 Wikimedia Research Showcase]].  The proportion of new accounts with access to both editing environments will be gradually increased over time. Eventually all new users have the choice  between the two editing environments.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]].  This feedback page is now using [[mw:Flow|Flow]] instead of LiquidThreads.
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]]  needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|mediawiki.org]] if you can help.  
* If your wiki would like '''VisualEditor enabled on another namespace''', you can file a request in Phabricator. Please include a link to a community discussion about the requested change.
* Please file requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the styling menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator].   
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Tuesdays at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q1 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the main [[phab:project/profile/483/|VisualEditor project]] with the bug. 

If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt; —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 00:05, 15 Augusti 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=12980645 --&gt;

==How can we improve Wikimedia grants to support you better?==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Hello,

The Wikimedia Foundation would like your feedback about how we can '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|reimagine Wikimedia Foundation grants]]''', to better support people and ideas in your Wikimedia project.  Ways to participate:

*Respond to questions on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|the discussion page of the idea]].
*Join a [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|small group conversation]].   
*Learn more about [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Consultation|this consultation]].
Feedback is welcome in any language.

With thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation.

([[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/ProjectTargets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt; 00:58, 19 Augusti 2015 (UTC)

== Introducing the Wikimedia public policy site ==

Hi all,

We are excited to introduce a new Wikimedia Public Policy site. The site includes resources and position statements on access, copyright, censorship, intermediary liability, and privacy. The site explains how good public policy supports the Wikimedia projects, editors, and mission.

Visit the public policy portal: https://policy.wikimedia.org/

Please help translate the [[m:Public policy|statements on Meta Wiki]]. You can [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/09/02/new-wikimedia-public-policy-site/ read more on the Wikimedia blog].

Thanks,

[[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] and [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Stephen]] ([[m:User talk:Slaporte (WMF)|Talk]]) 18:13, 2 Septembris 2015 (UTC)

''(Sent with the [[m:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery system]])''
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Slaporte (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Slaporte_(WMF)/Announcing_public_policy_site&amp;oldid=13439030 --&gt;

== Open call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Greetings!  The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.  Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.

*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

Thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 20:52, 4 Septembris 2015 (UTC)

([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13476366 --&gt;

== Open call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Greetings!  The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.  Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.

*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

Thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 21:56, 4 Septembris 2015 (UTC)

([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt;
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== Wikidata data access is coming ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi everyone,

Many Wikimedia projects already have access to [[d:|Wikidata]] and make good use of it to improve their content. You already have access to the interwiki link part of Wikidata. I wanted to let you know that your project will be among the next to receive access to the actual data on Wikidata. It is currently scheduled for September 22nd. From then on you can use data from Wikidata either via the property parser function or Lua. 

I hope we'll be able to support you well with structured data. If you have questions please come to [[d:Wikidata:Wikibooks]].


Cheers [[:d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 16:12, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikidata data access is here ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
A while ago I announced that you'll be among the next projects to get access to Wikidata's data. This has now happened. You can access the data via a parser function (#property) and Lua. For more information and to ask questions please come to [[d:Wikidata:Wikibooks]].

I hope you'll be able to do great things with this and that it will make your life easier in the long-run.

Cheers [[:d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 15:48, 22 Septembris 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&amp;oldid=13750444 --&gt;

== Only one week left for Individual Engagement Grant proposals! ==

(Apologies for using English below, please help translate if you are able.)

'''There is still one week left to submit [[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grant]] (IEG) proposals''' before the September 29th deadline.  If you have ideas for new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]] 21:01, 22 Septembris 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13754911 --&gt;

== Reimagining WMF grants report ==

''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)''

Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated!  '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes|
A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available.

Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]].

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 16:56, 28 Septembris 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&amp;oldid=13850666 --&gt;

== Reimagining WMF grants report ==

''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)''

Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated!  '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes|
A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available.

Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]].

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 20:31, 28 Septembris 2015 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor News #5—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/October|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

You can use the visual editor on smartphones and tablets.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:Switching edit modes to VisualEditor on Mobile web.png|alt=Screenshot showing the menu for switching from the wikitext editor to the visual editor|centre|frameless|230x230px]]&lt;br&gt;
Click the pencil icon to open the editor for a page.  Inside that, use the gear menu in the upper right corner to &quot;{{int:mobile-frontend-editor-switch-visual-editor}}&quot;.

The editing button will remember which editing environment you used last time, and give you the same one next time.  The desktop site will be switching to a system similar to this one in the coming months.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can read and help translate [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has fixed many bugs, added new features, and made some small design changes.  They post weekly status reports [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for languages like Japanese and Arabic, making it easier to edit on mobile devices, and providing rich-media tools for formulæ, charts, galleries and uploading.   
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Educational features:''' The first time ever you use the visual editor, it now draws your attention to the {{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-link-tooltip}} and {{Int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}} tools.  When you click on the tools, it explains why you should use them. ([[Phab:T108620|T108620]]) Alongside this, the welcome message for new users has been simplified to make editing more welcoming. ([[Phab:T112354|T112354]])  More in-software educational features are planned.  

'''Links:'''  It is now easier to understand when you are adding text to a link and when you are typing plain text next to it. ([[Phab:T74108|T74108]], [[Phab:T91285|T91285]])  The editor now fully supports ISBN, PMID or RFC numbers. ([[Phab:T109498|T109498]], [[Phab:T110347|T110347]], [[Phab:T63558|T63558]])  These  [[:en:Help:Magic_links|&quot;magic links&quot;]] use a custom link editing tool.  

'''Uploads:'''  Registered editors can now '''upload images''' and other media to Commons while editing.  Click the new tab in the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}} {{int:visualeditor-dialogbutton-media-tooltip}}&quot; tool.  You will be guided through the process without having to leave your edit.  At the end, the image will be inserted. This tool is limited to one file at a time, owned by the user, and licensed under Commons's standard license.  For more complex situations, the tool links to more advanced upload tools.  You can also drag the image into the editor.  This will be available in the wikitext editor later. 

'''Mobile:'''  Previously, the visual editor was available on the mobile Wikipedia site only on tablets. Now, editors can use it on all devices regardless of size if they wish. ([[Phab:T85630|T85630]])  Edit conflicts were previously broken on the mobile website. Edit conflicts can now be resolved in both wikitext and visual editors. ([[Phab:T111894|T111894]])  Sometimes templates and similar items could not be deleted on the mobile website.  Selecting them caused the on-screen keyboard to hide with some browsers.  Now there is a new &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-contextitemwidget-label-remove}}&quot; button, so that these things can be removed if the keyboard hides. ([[Phab:T62110|T62110]]) You can also edit table cells in mobile now.

'''Rich editing tools:'''  You can now add and edit '''sheet''' '''music''' in the visual editor. ([[Phab:T112925|T112925]])  There are separate tabs for advanced options, such as MIDI and Ogg audio files. ([[Phab:T114227|T114227]], [[Phab:T113354|T113354]])  When editing '''formulæ''' and other blocks, errors are shown as you edit.  It is also possible to edit some types of '''graphs'''; adding new ones, and support for new types, will be coming. 

On the '''English Wikipedia''', the visual editor is now automatically available to anyone who creates an account.  The preference switch was moved to the normal location, under [[Special:Preferences]].
=== Future changes ===
You will soon be able to '''switch from the wikitext to the visual editor''' after you start editing. ([[phab:T49779|T49779]]) Previously, you could only switch from the visual editor to the wikitext editor.  Bi-directional switching will make possible a '''single edit tab.''' ([[phab:T102398|T102398]]) This project will combine the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab, similar to the system already used on the mobile website.  The &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab will open whichever editing environment you used last time.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|VisualEditor/Feedback]].  This feedback page uses [[mw:Flow|Flow]] for discussions.
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]] needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|What to test]] if you can help, and report it on Phabricator ([[phab:T110654|Korean]] - [[phab:T109818|Japanese]]) or on Wikipedia ([[:ko:위키백과:시각편집기/IME|Korean]] - [[:ja:Wikipedia:ビジュアルエディター/フィードバック/IME|Japanese]]).  
* Local admins can [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling_Citoid_on_your_wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]].  If you need help, then please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for the most important citation templates on your wiki.
* The weekly task triage meetings are open to volunteers.  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the main [[phab:project/profile/483/|VisualEditor project]] with the bug. 

If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 18:18, 30 Octobris 2015 (UTC)
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== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting in English. Translations are very welcome.

The [[:m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is focused on building improved curation and moderation tools for experienced Wikimedia contributors. We're now starting a '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]''' to find the most useful projects that we can work on.

For phase 1 of the survey, we're inviting all active contributors to submit brief proposals, explaining the project that you'd like us to work on, and why it's important. Phase 1 will last for 2 weeks. In phase 2, we'll ask you to vote on the proposals. Afterwards, we'll analyze the top 10 proposals and create a prioritized wishlist.

While most of this process will be conducted in English, we're inviting people from any Wikimedia wiki to submit proposals. We'll also invite volunteer translators to help translate proposals into English. 

Your proposal should include: the problem that you want to solve, who would benefit, and a proposed solution, if you have one. You can submit your proposal on the Community Wishlist Survey page, using the entry field and the big blue button. We will be accepting proposals for 2 weeks, ending on November 23.
 
We're looking forward to hearing your ideas!

&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech Team via [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 21:58, 9 Novembris 2015 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikimania 2016 scholarships ambassadors needed ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! [[wm2016:|Wikimania 2016]] scholarships will soon be open; by the end of the week we'll form the committee and we need your help, see [[wm2016:Special:MyLanguage/Scholarship committee|Scholarship committee]] for details.

If you want to carefully review nearly a thousand applications in January, you might be a perfect committee member. Otherwise, you can '''volunteer as &quot;ambassador&quot;''': you will observe all the committee activities, ensure that people from your language or project manage to apply for a scholarship, translate '''scholarship applications written in your language''' to English and so on. Ambassadors are allowed to ask for a scholarship, unlike committee members.

[[wm2016:Scholarship committee|Wikimania 2016 scholarships subteam]] 10:48, 10 Novembris 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Harassment consultation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}

The Community Advocacy team the Wikimedia Foundation has opened a consultation on the topic of '''harassment''' on [[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Meta]]. The consultation period is intended to run for one month from today, November 16, and end on December 17. Please share your thoughts there on harassment-related issues facing our communities and potential solutions. (Note: this consultation is not intended to evaluate specific cases of harassment, but rather to discuss the problem of harassment itself.)
::*[[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Harassment consultation 2015]]  
:Regards, [[m:Community Advocacy|Community Advocacy, Wikimedia Foundation]]
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] ==

''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.''

Hi everyone,

This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki.

As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators.

We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community.

Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible.

(Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.)

Thank you for your participation!

''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]]''
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== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome.

We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted.

Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Support}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14.

The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think!

Community Tech via
&lt;/div&gt; [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 14:38, 1 Decembris 2015 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.''

[[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]]

As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday!

People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts.

Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas:

* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message!

Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed.

If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]].

Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!&lt;br /&gt;
-The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 20:58, 18 Decembris 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.''

[[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]]

As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday!

People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts.

Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas:

* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message!

Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed.

If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]].

Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!&lt;br /&gt;
-The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 21:58, 18 Decembris 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== VisualEditor News #6—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=The visual editor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

A new, simpler system for editing will offer a single Edit button.  Once the page has opened, you can switch back and forth between visual and wikitext editing.      

[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab preference dialog.png|alt=Screenshot showing a pop-up dialog for switching from the wikitext editor to the visual editor|centre|frameless|230x230px]]&lt;br&gt;

If you prefer having separate edit buttons, then you can set that option in your preferences, either in a pop-up dialog the next time you open the visual editor, or by going to [[Special:Preferences]] and choosing the setting that you want: &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab in preferences 2015-12-18.png|alt=Screenshot showing a drop-down menu in Special:Preferences|centre|frameless|230x230px]]

The current plan is for the default setting to have the Edit button open the editing environment you used most recently. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can read and help translate [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/December|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|visual editor team]] has fixed many bugs and expanded the mathematics formula tool.  Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for languages such as Japanese and Arabic, and providing rich-media tools for formulæ, charts, galleries and uploading.   

=== Recent improvements ===
You can '''switch from the wikitext editor to the visual editor''' after you start editing.    
The '''LaTeX mathematics formula editor''' has been significantly expanded. ([[phab:T118616|T118616)]] You can see the formula as you change the LaTeX code.  You can click buttons to insert the correct LaTeX code for many symbols.  
=== Future changes ===
The '''single edit tab''' project will combine the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab, like the system already used on the mobile website.  ([[phab:T102398|T102398]], [[phab:T58337|T58337]])  Initially, the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab will open whichever editing environment you used last time.  Your last editing choice will be stored as a cookie for logged-out users and as an account preference for logged-in editors.  Logged-in editors will be able to set a default editor in the {{int:prefs-editing}} tab of [[Special:Preferences]] in the drop-down menu about &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}&quot;.   

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the following Wikipedias in early 2016:  [[w:am:|Amharic]], [[w:bug:|Buginese]], [[w:cdo:|Min Dong]], [[w:cr:|Cree]], [[w:gv:|Manx]], [[w:hak:|Hakka]], [[w:hy:|Armenian]], [[w:ka:|Georgian]], [[w:pnt:|Pontic]], [[w:sh:|Serbo-Croatian]], [[w:ti:|Tigrinya]], [[w:xmf:|Mingrelian]], [[w:za:|Zhuang]], and [[w:zh-min-nan:|Min Nan]]. ([[phab:T116523|T116523]]) Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]].  The developers would like to know how well it works.  Please tell them what kind of computer, web browser, and keyboard you are using.  

In 2016, the '''feedback pages''' for the visual editor on many Wikipedias will be redirected to mediawiki.org. ([[phab:T92661|T92661]])

=== Testing opportunities ===
* Please try the new system for the '''single edit tab''' on [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org].  You can edit while logged out to see how it works for logged-out editors, or you can create a separate account to be able to set your account's preferences.  &lt;mark&gt;Please share your thoughts about the single edit tab system at [[mediawikiwiki:Topic:Suspcq0bf5nd3gsd|the feedback topic on mediawiki.org]] or [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for formal user research]&lt;/mark&gt; (type &quot;single edit tab&quot; in the question about other areas you're interested in).  The new system has not been finalized, and your feedback can affect the outcome.  The team particularly wants your thoughts about the options in Special:Preferences. The current choices in Special:Preferences are:
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-remember-last}},
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-ve}}, 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-wt}}, and 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-multi-tab}}.  (This is the current state for people already using the visual editor.  None of these options will be visible if you have disabled the visual editor in your preferences at that wiki.)  
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]] needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|What to test]] if you can help, and report it on Phabricator ([[phab:T110654|Korean]] - [[phab:T109818|Japanese]]) or on Wikipedia ([[:ko:위키백과:시각편집기/IME|Korean]] - [[:ja:Wikipedia:ビジュアルエディター/フィードバック/IME|Japanese]]).  
If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 00:06, 25 Decembris 2015 (UTC)
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== VisualEditor News #6—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=The visual editor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

A new, simpler system for editing will offer a single Edit button.  Once the page has opened, you can switch back and forth between visual and wikitext editing.      

[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab preference dialog.png|alt=Screenshot showing a pop-up dialog for switching from the wikitext editor to the visual editor|centre|frameless|230x230px]]&lt;br&gt;

If you prefer having separate edit buttons, then you can set that option in your preferences, either in a pop-up dialog the next time you open the visual editor, or by going to [[Special:Preferences]] and choosing the setting that you want: &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab in preferences 2015-12-18.png|alt=Screenshot showing a drop-down menu in Special:Preferences|centre|frameless|230x230px]]

The current plan is for the default setting to have the Edit button open the editing environment you used most recently. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can read and help translate [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/December|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|visual editor team]] has fixed many bugs and expanded the mathematics formula tool.  Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for languages such as Japanese and Arabic, and providing rich-media tools for formulæ, charts, galleries and uploading.   

=== Recent improvements ===
You can '''switch from the wikitext editor to the visual editor''' after you start editing.    
The '''LaTeX mathematics formula editor''' has been significantly expanded. ([[phab:T118616|T118616)]] You can see the formula as you change the LaTeX code.  You can click buttons to insert the correct LaTeX code for many symbols.  
=== Future changes ===
The '''single edit tab''' project will combine the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab, like the system already used on the mobile website.  ([[phab:T102398|T102398]], [[phab:T58337|T58337]])  Initially, the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab will open whichever editing environment you used last time.  Your last editing choice will be stored as a cookie for logged-out users and as an account preference for logged-in editors.  Logged-in editors will be able to set a default editor in the {{int:prefs-editing}} tab of [[Special:Preferences]] in the drop-down menu about &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}&quot;.   

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the following Wikipedias in early 2016:  [[w:am:|Amharic]], [[w:bug:|Buginese]], [[w:cdo:|Min Dong]], [[w:cr:|Cree]], [[w:gv:|Manx]], [[w:hak:|Hakka]], [[w:hy:|Armenian]], [[w:ka:|Georgian]], [[w:pnt:|Pontic]], [[w:sh:|Serbo-Croatian]], [[w:ti:|Tigrinya]], [[w:xmf:|Mingrelian]], [[w:za:|Zhuang]], and [[w:zh-min-nan:|Min Nan]]. ([[phab:T116523|T116523]]) Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]].  The developers would like to know how well it works.  Please tell them what kind of computer, web browser, and keyboard you are using.  

In 2016, the '''feedback pages''' for the visual editor on many Wikipedias will be redirected to mediawiki.org. ([[phab:T92661|T92661]])

=== Testing opportunities ===
* Please try the new system for the '''single edit tab''' on [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org].  You can edit while logged out to see how it works for logged-out editors, or you can create a separate account to be able to set your account's preferences.  &lt;mark&gt;Please share your thoughts about the single edit tab system at [[mediawikiwiki:Topic:Suspcq0bf5nd3gsd|the feedback topic on mediawiki.org]] or [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for formal user research]&lt;/mark&gt; (type &quot;single edit tab&quot; in the question about other areas you're interested in).  The new system has not been finalized, and your feedback can affect the outcome.  The team particularly wants your thoughts about the options in Special:Preferences. The current choices in Special:Preferences are:
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-remember-last}},
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-ve}}, 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-wt}}, and 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-multi-tab}}.  (This is the current state for people already using the visual editor.  None of these options will be visible if you have disabled the visual editor in your preferences at that wiki.)  
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]] needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|What to test]] if you can help, and report it on Phabricator ([[phab:T110654|Korean]] - [[phab:T109818|Japanese]]) or on Wikipedia ([[:ko:위키백과:시각편집기/IME|Korean]] - [[:ja:Wikipedia:ビジュアルエディター/フィードバック/IME|Japanese]]).  
If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 01:06, 25 Decembris 2015 (UTC)
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== Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th.  To apply, visit the page below:
:*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships]
[[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 01:49, 5 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)
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== 2016 WMF Strategy consultation ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
Hello, all.

The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.)

Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]].

Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :)

If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org.

I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 19:06, 18 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC)
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== Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 17:47, 31 Martii 2016 (UTC)
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== Server switch 2016 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its newest data center in Dallas.
This will make sure Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.
To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems.

They will switch all traffic to the new data center on '''Tuesday, 19 April'''.&lt;br/&gt;
On '''Thursday, 21 April''', they will switch back to the primary data center.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.
We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future.

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 15 to 30 minutes on Tuesday, 19 April and Thursday, 21 April, starting at 14:00 UTC (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT).

If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.
We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.
If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.
Then you should be able to save your edit.
But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped.
Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal.
If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual.
Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April.
No non-essential code deployments will take place.

This test was originally planned to take place on March 22.
April 19th and 21st are the new dates. 
You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]].
They will post any changes on that schedule.
There will be more notifications about this.
'''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 21:07, 17 Aprilis 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Cookbook week ==

Hello, I want to tell you that I've made a proposal for a Cookbook event [[meta:Wikibooks/Cookbooks week|on this Meta page]].

I would be happy to see your comment ! Regards [[Usor:Archi38|Archi38]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archi38|disputatio]]) 18:13, 15 Maii 2016 (UTC)

== Administrator rights request on Victionarium (Latin Wiktionary)` ==

Salve!

This note is just to let you know that [[Usor:DenisWasRight]] and [[Usor:YaganZ]] are offering to take administrator roles on Victionarium. There is not a large, active community there, and there are no active administrators. But there is unquestionably a need for some people willing to work over there. If you are willing to support their candidacy, even for a trial period, please !vote at [[:wikt:Victionarium:Petitio administratores/DenisWasRight]] and [[:wikt:Victionarium:Petitio administratores/YaganZ]]. Some futher discussion was held at [[:w:Vicipaedia:Taberna#Administrator rights]]. [[Usor:StevenJ81|StevenJ81]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:StevenJ81|disputatio]]) 12:34, 1 Iunii 2016 (UTC)

== Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

[[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]].

From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. Using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -&gt; Appearance -&gt; Languages''

The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]] or on this discussion thread. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English).

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]]) 07:04, 24 Iunii 2016 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Editing News #2—2016 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/June|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

It's quick and easy to insert a references list.
[[File:VisualEditor References List Insert Menu-en.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with many items|center|frameless|150px]]  

Place the cursor where you want to display the references list (usually at the bottom of the page).  Open the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}}&quot; menu and click the &quot;{{int:cite-ve-dialogbutton-referenceslist-tooltip}}&quot; icon (three books).

If you are using several groups of references, which is relatively rare, you will have the opportunity to specify the group. If you do that, then only the references that belong to the specified group will be displayed in this list of references.
Finally, click &quot;{{int:visualeditor-dialog-action-insert}}&quot; in the dialog to insert the {{int:cite-ve-dialogbutton-referenceslist-tooltip}}.  This list will change as you add more footnotes to the page.

You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has fixed many bugs. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for Arabic and Indic scripts, and adapting the visual editor to the needs of the Wikivoyages and Wikisources.   

=== Recent changes ===
The visual editor is now available to all users at most [[Wikivoyage:|Wikivoyages]].  It was also enabled for all contributors at the French Wikinews.

The '''[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Single edit tab|single edit tab]]''' feature combines the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab.  It has been deployed to several Wikipedias, including Hungarian, Polish, English and Japanese Wikipedias, as well as to all Wikivoyages.  At these wikis, you can change your settings for this feature in the &quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab of [[Special:Preferences]]. The team is now reviewing the feedback and considering ways to improve the design before rolling it out to more people.

=== Future changes ===
The &quot;{{int:Savearticle}}&quot; button will say &quot;{{int:Publishpage}}&quot;.   This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems.  More [[M:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]].

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|&quot;Phase 6&quot; Wikipedias]] during the next few months. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor. Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including: [[:w:ar: |'''Arabic''']], [[:w:hi: |'''Hindi''']], [[:w:th: |'''Thai''']], [[:w:ta: |'''Tamil''']], [[:w:mr: |'''Marathi''']], [[:w:ml: |'''Malayalam''']], [[:w:ur: |'''Urdu''']], [[:w:fa: |'''Persian''']], [[:w:bn: |'''Bengali''']], [[:w:as: |'''Assamese''']], [[:w:arc: |'''Aramaic''']] and others.

The team is working with the volunteer developers who power Wikisource to provide the visual editor there, for opt-in testing right now and eventually for all users. ([[phab:T138966|T138966]]) 

The team is working on a modern wikitext editor.  It will look like the visual editor, and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools.  This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices around September 2016.  You can read about this project in a [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. 

=== Let's work together ===
* Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates?  &lt;mark&gt;Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor?  Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].&lt;/mark&gt;
* Learn how to improve the &quot;automagical&quot; [[:mw:citoid|citoid]] referencing system in the visual editor, by creating [[w:en:Zotero|Zotero]] translators for popular sources in your language!  Watch the [[Mw:Citoid/Zotero's Tech Talk|Tech Talk by Sebastian Karcher]] for more information.
 
If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]], 17:20, 3 Iulii 2016 (UTC)
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== Save/Publish ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”]. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you create a new page. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]

This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens.

If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”].

The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem.

Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. 

Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” and “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”.

Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested.
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 18:02, 9 Augusti 2016 (UTC)
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== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! &lt;/div&gt; [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 15:08, 12 Septembris 2016 (UTC)
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== Grants to improve your project ==

''{{int:Please-translate}}:''

Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit  before the October 11 deadline.  If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]]
*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 20:10, 30 Septembris 2016 (UTC)
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== Creative Commons 4.0 ==

Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]].

''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 01:34, 6 Octobris 2016 (UTC)
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== Editing News #3—2016 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/October|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can easily re-arrange columns and rows in the visual editor? [[File:VisualEditor table editing menu.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with options for editing the table structure|center|frameless|232x232px]]  


Select a cell in the column or row that you want to move.  Click the arrow at the start of that row or column to open the dropdown menu (shown).  Choose either &quot;Move before&quot; or &quot;Move after&quot; to move the column, or &quot;Move above&quot; or &quot;Move below&quot; to move the row.

You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has mainly worked on a new wikitext editor.  They have also released some small features and the new map editing tool.  Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the list of work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, releasing the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[mediawikiwiki:Beta_Features|beta feature]], and improving language support.

=== Recent changes ===

*You can now set text as small or big.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T53613] 
*Invisible templates have been shown as a puzzle icon.  Now, the name of the invisible template is displayed next to the puzzle icon.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141861]  A similar feature will display the first part of hidden HTML comments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147089]
*Categories are displayed at the bottom of each page.  If you click on the categories, the dialog for editing categories will open.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145267]
*At many wikis, you can now add [[mediawikiwiki:Maps|maps]] to pages.  Go to the Insert menu and choose the &quot;Maps&quot; item. The Discovery department is adding more features to this area, like geoshapes. You can read more at mediawiki.org.[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Maps]
*The &quot;Save&quot; button now says &quot;Save page&quot; when you create a page, and &quot;Save changes&quot; when you change an existing page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]  In the future, the &quot;{{int:Savearticle}}&quot; button will say &quot;{{int:Publishpage}}&quot;.  This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems.  More [[:m:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]].
*Image galleries now use a visual mode for editing.  You can see thumbnails of the images, add new files, remove unwanted images, rearrange the images by dragging and dropping, and add captions for each image.  Use the &quot;Options&quot; tab to set the gallery's display mode, image sizes, and add a title for the gallery.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T45037]

=== Future changes ===

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining 10 [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|&quot;Phase 6&quot; Wikipedias]] during the next month. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor.  Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including [[:w:th:|'''Thai''']], [[:w:my:|'''Burmese''']] and [[:w:arc:|'''Aramaic''']].

The team is working on a modern wikitext editor.  The [[Mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] will look like the visual editor and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools.  This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices in October 2016.  You can read about this project in a [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. 

=== Let's work together ===

* Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates?  &lt;mark&gt;Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor?  Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].&lt;/mark&gt; 
 
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 17:49, 15 Octobris 2016 (UTC)
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== Password reset ==

''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]''

We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords.

Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue.

In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords.

Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 23:59, 13 Novembris 2016 (UTC)
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== Adding to the above section (Password reset) ==

Please accept my apologies - that first line should read &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Help with translations!]&quot;. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 00:11, 14 Novembris 2016 (UTC)
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== New way to edit wikitext ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

'''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]].


We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it.

Consequently, we've planned a &quot;wikitext mode&quot; for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext.

All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to &quot;{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}&quot;.

The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do.

This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]].  You may write comments in any language.  Thank you.

&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --19:32, 14 Decembris 2016 (UTC)
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== Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. 

This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard.

The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far:

* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016)
** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016)
** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017)
** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017)
** Introduction of williamsworks 
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017)
** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017)
** Tracks A &amp; B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 20:30, 15 Februarii 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017)
** Development of documentation for Tracks A &amp; B
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017)
** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017)
** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 19:43, 9 Martii 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
: ''This message, &quot;[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]&quot;, was sent through multiple channels by  [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' 

Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians:

Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation.

There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: 

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). 

Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]].

This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years?

We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement.

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]]

Sincerely,

Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), &amp; the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 05:09, 18 Martii 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]].

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].'''

Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members.

The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. 

* April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' 
* April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period'''
* April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions'''
* May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period'''
* May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking'''
* May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal'''

In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles:

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)'''
** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]].

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)'''
** One position is being filled.  More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]].

Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. 

More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 03:37, 7 Aprilis 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt;
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== Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''.
On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 17:34, 11 Aprilis 2017 (UTC)
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== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''.

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 19:14, 3 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:42, 8 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== Editing News #1—2017 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;   

Did you know that you can review your changes visually? 

[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - visual diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes to an article.  Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|245x245px]]When you are finished editing the page, type your edit summary and then choose &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-savedialog-label-review}}&quot;.  
In visual mode, you will see additions, removals, new links, and formatting highlighted.  Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side.


[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected.|center|frameless|220x220px]]


Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs.


[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - wikitext diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display.|center|frameless|245x245px]]


The wikitext diff is the same diff tool that is used in the wikitext editors and in the page history. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[:mediawikiwiki:2017_wikitext_editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]] which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and adding [[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|the new visual diff tool]]. Their workboard is available [[:phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the work finished each week at  [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].   Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[:mw:Beta Features|beta feature]], and improving the visual diff tool.   

=== Recent changes ===
*A '''new wikitext editing mode''' is available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices.  The [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools.  Go to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures]] to enable the {{Int:Visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-label}}. 
* A new '''[[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' is available in VisualEditor's visual mode.  You can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs.  More features will be added to this later.  In the future, this tool may be integrated into other MediaWiki components. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143350]
* The team have added [[:mediawikiwiki:Editing/Projects/Columns_for_references|multi-column support for lists of footnotes]]. The &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; block can automatically display long lists of references in columns on wide screens.  This makes footnotes easier to read.  You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&amp;title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&amp;priority=10&amp;parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597]
* You can now use your web browser's function to switch typing direction in the new wikitext mode. This is particularly helpful for RTL language users like Urdu or Hebrew who have to write JavaScript or CSS. You can use Command+Shift+X or Control+Shift+X to trigger this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153356]
* The way to switch between the visual editing mode and the wikitext editing mode is now consistent. There is a drop-down menu that shows the two options. This is now the same in desktop and mobile web editing, and inside things that embed editing, such as Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116417]
* The {{Int:visualeditor-categories-tool}} item has been moved to the top of the {{Int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}} menu (from clicking on the &quot;hamburger&quot; icon) for quicker access. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74399] There is also now a &quot;Templates used on this page&quot; feature there. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149009]
* You can now create &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;chem&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  tags (sometimes used as &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ce&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) for chemical formulas inside the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153365]
* Tables can be set as collapsed or un-collapsed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157989]
* The {{Int:visualeditor-specialcharacter-button-tooltip}} menu now includes characters for Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics and angle quotation marks (‹› and ⟨⟩) .  The team thanks the volunteer developer, [[:S:en:User:Tpt|Tpt]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108626]
* A bug caused some section edit conflicts to blank the rest of the page.  This has been fixed.  The team are sorry for the disruption. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154217]
* There is a new keyboard shortcut for citations:  &lt;code&gt;Control&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Shift&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; on a PC, or &lt;code&gt;Command&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Shift&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; on a Mac.  It is based on the keyboard shortcut for making links, which is &lt;code&gt;Control&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Command&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; respectively. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T99299]

=== Future changes ===
* The team is working on a syntax highlighting tool.  It will highlight matching pairs of &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and other types of wikitext syntax.  You will be able to turn it on and off.  It will first become available in VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode, maybe late in 2017. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246]
* The kind of button used to {{Int:Showpreview}}, {{Int:showdiff}}, and finish an edit will change in all WMF-supported wikitext editors.  The new buttons will use [[Mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]].  The buttons will be larger, brighter, and easier to read.  The labels will remain the same.  You can test the new button by editing a page and adding &lt;code&gt;&amp;ooui=1&lt;/code&gt; to the end of the URL, like this:  https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=edit&amp;ooui=1  The old appearance will no longer be possible, even with local CSS changes.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849]
* The [[:mediawikiwiki:File:Edit_toolbar_-_2.png|outdated 2006 wikitext editor]] will be removed later this year.  It is used by approximately 0.03% of active editors.  See [[:mw:Editor|a list of editing tools on mediawiki.org]] if you are uncertain which one you use.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856]
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 18:06, 12 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:44, 16 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|Join the next cycle of Wikimedia movement strategy discussions (underway until June 12)]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]]''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|150px]]
The Wikimedia movement strategy core team and working groups have completed reviewing the more than 1800 thematic statements we received from the first discussion. They have identified [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|5 themes that were consistent across all the conversations]] - each with their own set of sub-themes. These are not the final themes, just an initial working draft of the core concepts.

You are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|join the online and offline discussions taking place]] on these 5 themes. This round of discussions will take place between now and June 12th. You can discuss as many as you like; we ask you to participate in the ones that are most (or least) important to you.

Here are the five themes, each has a page on Meta-Wiki with more information about the theme and how to participate in that theme's discussion:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Healthy, Inclusive Communities|Healthy, Inclusive Communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Augmented Age|The Augmented Age]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/A Truly Global Movement|A Truly Global Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Most Respected Source of Knowledge|The Most Respected Source of Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem|Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem]]

On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|movement strategy portal on Meta-Wiki]], you can find more information about each of these themes, their discussions, and how to participate.

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:08, 16 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]]
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translations of this message are available on Meta-Wiki]].''

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, we are pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson]] elections. Please read the letter from the Wikimedia Foundation calling for candidates at [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|on the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last until May 28 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates until May 28. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on May 28, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''five community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee and the '''community-selected ombudsperson'''. The election results will be used by the Board itself to make the appointments.

The full schedule for the FDC elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last.

* May 15 (00:00 UTC) – May 28 (23:59 UTC) – '''Nominations'''
* May 15 – May 28 – '''Candidates questions submission period'''
* May 29 – June 2 – '''Candidates answer questions'''
* June 3 – June 11 – '''Voting period'''
* June 12–14 – '''Vote checking'''
* June 15 – '''Goal date for announcing election results'''

More information on this year's elections can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:06, 23 Maii 2017 (UTC)
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== Improved search in deleted pages archive ==

{{int:please-translate}}

During Wikimedia Hackathon 2016, the [[mw:Wikimedia_Discovery|Discovery]] team [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109561 worked] on one of the items on the 2015 community wishlist, namely [[m:2015_Community_Wishlist_Survey/Search#Provide_a_means_of_searching_for_deleted_pages|enabling searching the archive of deleted pages]]. This feature is now ready for production deployment, and will be enabled on all wikis, except Wikidata. 

Right now, the feature is behind a feature flag - to use it on your wiki, please go to the &lt;code&gt;Special:Undelete&lt;/code&gt; page, and add &lt;code&gt;&amp;fuzzy=1&lt;/code&gt; to the URL, like this: https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AUndelete&amp;fuzzy=1. Then search for the pages you're interested in. There should be more results than before, due to using ElasticSearch indexing (via the CirrusSearch extension).

We plan to enable this improved search by default on all wikis soon (around August 1, 2017). If you have any objections to this - please raise them with the Discovery team via [http://mailto:discovery@lists.wikimedia.org email] or on this announcement's discussion page. Like most Mediawiki configuration parameters, the functionality can be configured per wiki. 
Once the improved search becomes the default, you can still access the old mode using &lt;code&gt;&amp;fuzzy=0&lt;/code&gt; in the URL, like this: https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AUndelete&amp;fuzzy=0

Please note that since Special:Undelete is an admin-only feature, this search capability is also only accessible to wiki admins. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}  [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 18:39, 25 Iulii 2017 (UTC)
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== Accessible editing buttons ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface.  The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets.

You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=1 new] versions now.  Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors.

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; caption=&quot;Comparison of old and new styles&quot; heights=&quot;240&quot; widths=&quot;572&quot;&gt;
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change
&lt;/gallery&gt;

However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets.  Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system.  &lt;mark&gt;If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts.  Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.&lt;/mark&gt;

This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 1 August 2017'''.  Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.&lt;/div&gt; --[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 16:56, 27 Iulii 2017 (UTC)
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== New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers'''

The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]].

Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback.  The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued.

For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens.

The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:07, 20 Novembris 2017 (UTC)
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== Editing News #1—2018 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''
&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
'''Did you know?'''&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
Did you know that you can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]] on any page?

[[File:Wikitext diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display|center|frameless|250px]]

Sometimes, it is hard to see important changes in a wikitext diff.  This screenshot of a wikitext diff (click to enlarge) shows that the paragraphs have been rearranged, but it does not highlight the removal of a word or the addition of a new sentence.

If you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the Beta Feature]] for &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-preference-visualdiffpage-label}}&quot;, you will have a new option.  It will give you a new box at the top of every diff page.  This box will let you choose either diff system on any edit.

[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected|center|frameless|200px]]
Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs.

In the visual diff, additions, removals, new links, and formatting changes will be highlighted.  Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side.

[[File:Visual diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes to an article.  Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|250px]]

This screenshot shows the same edit as the wikitext diff.  The visual diff highlights the removal of one word and the addition of a new sentence.

You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|the last newsletter]], the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]], which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and improving [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the work finished each week at [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  Their [[mw:Editing team/Current priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor, and improving the visual diff tool.
===Recent changes===
*The '''[[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]''' is [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|available as a Beta Feature]] on desktop devices.  It has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools.  The team have been comparing the performance of different editing environments.  They have studied how long it takes to open the page and start typing.  The study uses data for more than one million edits during December and January.  Some changes have been made to improve the speed of the 2017 wikitext editor and the visual editor.  Recently, the 2017 wikitext editor opened fastest for most edits, and the 2010 WikiEditor was fastest for some edits.  More information will be posted at [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Editing performance]].
*The '''[[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' was developed for the visual editor.  It is now available to all users of the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor.  When you review your changes, you can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs.  You can also [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the new Beta Feature]] for &quot;Visual diffs&quot;.  The Beta Feature lets you use the visual diff tool to view other people's edits on page histories and [[Special:RecentChanges]].  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167508]
*[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|'''Wikitext syntax highlighting''']] is available as a Beta Feature for both [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor]] and the 2010 wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246]
*The [[mw:Citoid|citoid service]] automatically translates URLs, DOIs, ISBNs, and PubMed id numbers into wikitext citation templates.  It is very popular and useful to editors, although it can be a bit tricky to set up.  &lt;mark&gt;Your wiki can have this service.  Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|read the instructions]]. You can [[phab:T127354|ask the team to help you enable citoid at your wiki]]&lt;/mark&gt;.

===Let's work together===
*The team will talk about editing tools at an upcoming [[m:Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meetings|Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meeting]].
*Wikibooks, Wikiversity, and other communities may have the visual editor made available by default to contributors.  If your community wants this, then please contact [[mw:User talk:Deskana (WMF)|Dan Garry]].
*The &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; block can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Projects/Columns for references|automatically display long lists of references in columns]] on wide screens.  This makes footnotes easier to read.  You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&amp;title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&amp;priority=10&amp;parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597]
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 

—[[mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 20:56, 2 Martii 2018 (UTC)
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== AdvancedSearch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work!  &lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:53, 7 Maii 2018 (UTC)
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== Update on page issues on mobile web ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Update on page issues on mobile web'''

{{int:please-translate}}
Hi everyone. The [[mw:Reading/Web/Team|Readers web team]] has recently begun working on exposing issue templates on the mobile website. Currently, details about issues with page content are generally hidden on the mobile website. This leaves readers unaware of the reliability of the pages they are reading. The goal of this project is to improve awareness of particular issues within an article on the mobile web. We will do this by changing the visual styling of page issues.

So far, we have [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|drafted a proposal on the design and implementation]] of the project.  We were also able to run [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues/Research Results|user testing on the proposed designs]].  The tests so far have positive results. Here is a quick summary of what we learned:
* The new treatment increases awareness of page issues among participants. This is true particularly when they are in a more evaluative/critical mode.
* Page issues make sense to readers and they understand how they work
* Readers care about page issues and consider them important
* Readers had overwhelmingly positive sentiments towards Wikipedia associated with learning about page issues
Our next step would be to start implementing these changes. We wanted to reach out to you for any concerns, thoughts, and suggestions you might have before beginning development. Please [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|visit the project page]] where we have more information and mockups of how this may look. Please [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|leave feedback on the talk page]]. 
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:58, 12 Iunii 2018 (UTC)
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== Global preferences are available ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 19:19, 10 Iulii 2018 (UTC)
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== Consultation on the creation of a separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all,

I'm preparing a change in who can edit sitewide CSS/JS pages. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which are executed in the browser of all readers and editors.) Currently all administrators are able to edit these pages, which poses a serious and unnecessary security risk. Soon, a dedicated, smaller user group will take over this task. Your community will be able to decide who belongs in this group, so this should mean very little change for you. You can find out more and provide feedback at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|the consultation page on Meta]]. If you are involved in maintaining CSS/JS code, or policymaking around adminship requests, please give it a look!

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 08:45, 12 Iulii 2018 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all!

To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.)
A new user group, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt;, has been created.
Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.css&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.js&lt;/code&gt; that is either in the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt; namespace or is another user's user subpage).

You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]].

Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats).
This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment).

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 17:44, 30 Iulii 2018 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now ==

''({{int:please-translate}})''

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,

as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the &lt;code&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt; ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug.

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 12:40, 27 Augusti 2018 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''.
On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 13:33, 6 Septembris 2018 (UTC)
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== The Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can post technical proposals from now until 11 November. The communities will vote on the proposals between 16 November and 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 11:06, 30 Octobris 2018 (UTC)
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== Editing News #2—2018 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device?
[[File:Mobile editing watchlist star editing pencil.png|alt=Screenshot showing the location of the pencil icon|center|frameless|250px]]

Tap on the pencil icon to start editing.  The page will probably open in the wikitext editor.

You will see another pencil icon in the toolbar.  Tap on that pencil icon to the switch between visual editing and wikitext editing.

[[File:Visual editing mobile switch wikitext.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]]

Remember to publish your changes when you're done.

You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has wrapped up most of their work on the [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] and [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]].  The team has begun investigating the needs of editors who use mobile devices.  Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mw:Wikimedia Audiences/2018-19 Q2 Goals#Contributors|current priorities]] are fixing bugs and improving mobile editing.   

=== Recent changes ===
*The Editing team has published an [[mw:Mobile editing using the visual editor report|initial report about mobile editing]].  
*The Editing team has begun a design study of visual editing on the mobile website.  New editors have trouble doing basic tasks on a smartphone, such as adding links to Wikipedia articles.  You can [[c:File:Visual Editor Heuristic - Results.pdf|read the report]].
*The Reading team is working on a [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|separate mobile-based contributions project]].
*The 2006 wikitext editor is [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Removal of the 2006 wikitext editor|no longer supported]].  If you used [[:File:Edit toolbar - 2.png|that toolbar]], then you will no longer see any toolbar.  You may choose another editing tool in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|local gadgets]], or [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]].
*The Editing team described the history and status of [[mw:Extension:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] in [[m:Wikimedia monthly activities meetings/2018-03|this recorded public presentation]] (starting at 29 minutes, 30 seconds).
*The Language team released [[mw:Content translation/V2|a new version of Content Translation]] (CX2) last month, on [[foundationsite:2018/09/30/international-translation-day/|International Translation Day]]. It integrates the visual editor to support templates, tables, and images.  It also produces better wikitext when the translated article is published. [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2018/09/30/content-translation-version-two/]

=== Let's work together ===
* The Editing team wants to improve visual editing on the mobile website.  &lt;mark&gt;Please read [[mw:Visual-based mobile editing/Ideas/October 2018|their ideas]] and tell the team what you think would help editors who use the mobile site.&lt;/mark&gt;  
*The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]] begins next week.
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[mw:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 14:17, 2 Novembris 2018 (UTC)
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== Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web'''

{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]]

Hello,

In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct.

What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the &quot;Learn more&quot; link to get more information.

For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]].

If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 19:34, 13 Novembris 2018 (UTC)
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== Community Wishlist Survey vote ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. The communities have now posted a long list of technical proposals. You can vote on the proposals from now until 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 18:13, 22 Novembris 2018 (UTC)
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== Advanced Search ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  
[[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 11:02, 26 Novembris 2018 (UTC)
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== New Wikimedia password policy and requirements ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

The Wikimedia Foundation security team is implementing a new [[m:Password policy|password policy and requirements]]. [[mw:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|You can learn more about the project on MediaWiki.org]].

These new requirements will apply to new accounts and privileged accounts. New accounts will be required to create a password with a minimum length of 8 characters. Privileged accounts will be prompted to update their password to one that is at least 10 characters in length.

These changes are planned to be in effect on December 13th. If you think your work or tools will be affected by this change, please let us know on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|the talk page]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:03, 6 Decembris 2018 (UTC)
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== Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]]

Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. 

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February.

The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. 

The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.'''''

Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page.

To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]]

There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love!

Kind regards,

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]]

Imagine... the sum of all love!
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 10:13, 27 Decembris 2018 (UTC)
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== FileExporter beta feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
[[File:Logo for the beta feature FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]]
A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature.

The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. 

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 09:41, 14 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC)
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== No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;
18:47, 16 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC)
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== Talk to us about talking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt=&quot;￼icon depicting two speech Bubbles&quot;|frameless|right|120px]]
The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication.

We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices.

We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives.

We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help.

'''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.'''

You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do:  
# First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]]  
# Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group.  This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback.  
# Then ask people what they think about communication processes.  We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki.  Please consider asking these five questions:
## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you?
## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them?
## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages?
## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations?
## What are the important aspects of a &quot;wiki discussion&quot;?
# Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group.  Please include links if the discussion is available to the public.

'''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.'''

Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]].

You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer.

Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you.
&lt;/div&gt; [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 15:01, 21 Februarii 2019 (UTC)
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== Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 10:56, 8 Aprilis 2019 (UTC)
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== Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request ==

{{int:please-translate}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 17:35, 12 Aprilis 2019 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Multilingual Shared Templates and Modules ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello la-wiki community! ({{int:please-translate}})

I recently organized a project to share templates and modules between wiki projects and languages. It allows modules and templates to be “language-neutral”, and store all text translations on Commons. This means that it is enough to copy/paste a template without any changes, and update the translations separately. If someone fixes a bug or adds a new feature in the original module, you can copy/paste it again without any translation work. My bot ''DiBabelYurikBot'' can help with copying. This way users can spend more time on content, and less time on updating and copying templates. Please see [[mw:WP:TNT|project page]] for details and ask questions on talk page.

P.S. I am [[meta:Affiliate-selected_Board_seats/2019/Nominations/Yuri_Astrakhan_(yurik)|currently running]] for the Wikimedia board, focusing on content and support of multi-language communities. If you liked my projects like maps, graphs, or this one, I will be happy to receive your support. (any [[meta:Affiliate-selected_Board_seats/2019/Eligible_entities|registered user group]] can vote). Thank you! --[[User:Yurik|Yurik]] ([[mw:User talk:Yurik|🗨️]]) 04:19, 12 Maii 2019 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;

== Editing News #1—July 2019 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
&lt;big&gt;'''Did you know?'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device?

Every article has a pencil icon at the top.  Tap on the pencil icon [[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|frameless|16x16px]] to start editing.  

'''&lt;big&gt;Edit Cards&lt;/big&gt;'''

[[File:EditCards-v.20.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]]

This is what the new '''Edit Cards for editing links''' in the mobile visual editor look like. You can try the prototype here: '''[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].'''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Welcome back to the [[mw:Editing|Editing]] newsletter.

Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|the last newsletter]], the team has released two new features for the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|mobile visual editor]] and has started developing three more.  All of this work is part of the team's goal to [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2018-2019/Audiences#Outcome 3: Mobile Contribution|make editing on mobile web simpler]].  

Before talking about the team's recent releases, we have a question for you:  

&lt;strong&gt;Are you willing to try a new way to add and change links?&lt;/strong&gt;

If you are interested, we would value your input!  You can try this new link tool in the mobile visual editor on a separate wiki. 

&lt;em&gt;Follow these instructions and share your experience:&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].&lt;/strong&gt;

=== Recent releases ===
The mobile visual editor is a simpler editing tool, for smartphones and tablets using the [[mw:Reading/Web/Mobile#About|mobile site]].  The Editing team recently launched two new features to improve the mobile visual editor: 

# [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing|Section editing]]
#* The purpose is to help contributors focus on their edits.
#* The team studied this with an A/B test.  [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing#16 June 2019|This test showed]] that contributors who could use section editing were '''1% more likely to publish''' the edits they started than people with only full-page editing.
# [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#March 1, 2019|Loading overlay]]
#* The purpose is to smooth the transition between reading and editing.

Section editing and the new loading overlay are '''now available to everyone''' using the mobile visual editor.

=== New and active projects ===
This is a list of our most active projects. [[mw:Help:Watching pages|Watch]] these pages to learn about project updates and to share your input on new designs, prototypes and research findings.

*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit cards]]: This is a clearer way to add and edit links, citations, images, templates, etc. in articles.  You can try this feature now.  &lt;em&gt;Go here to see how:&lt;/em&gt; [[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 &lt;em&gt;Try Edit Cards&lt;/em&gt;]].
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Mobile toolbar refresh]]: This project will learn if contributors are more successful when the editing tools are easier to recognize.
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|Mobile visual editor availability]]: This A/B test asks:  ''Are newer contributors more successful if they use the mobile visual editor?''  We are collaborating with [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default#26 June 2019 %E2%80%93 Participating wikis and test start date|20 Wikipedias]] to answer this question.
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Usability improvements|Usability improvements]]: This project will make the mobile visual editor easier to use.  The goal is to let contributors stay focused on editing and to feel more confident in the editing tools.

=== Looking ahead ===

* '''Wikimania:'''  Several members of the Editing Team will be attending [[wmania:|Wikimania]] in August 2019.  They will lead a session about mobile editing in the [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|Community Growth space]].  Talk to the team about how editing can be improved.
* '''Talk Pages:'''  In the coming months, the Editing Team will begin [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|improving talk pages]] and communication on the wikis.

=== Learning more ===
The [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|VisualEditor on mobile]] is a good place to learn more about the projects we are working on. The team wants to talk with you about anything related to editing. If you have something to say or ask, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]].

[[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 
&lt;/div&gt; 18:32, 23 Iulii 2019 (UTC)
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== Update on the consultation about office actions ==

Hello all, 

Last month, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team [[:en:Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_152#Announcement_of_forthcoming_temporary_and_partial_ban_tool_consultation|announced]] a future consultation about partial and/or temporary [[m:Special:MyLanguage/office actions|office actions]]. We want to let you know that the '''draft version''' of this consultation has now been [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|posted on Meta]]. 

This is a '''draft'''. It is not intended to be the consultation itself, which will be posted on Meta likely in early September. Please do not treat this draft as a consultation. Instead, we ask your assistance in forming the final language for the consultation.

For that end, we would like your input over the next couple of weeks about what questions the consultation should ask about partial and temporary Foundation office action bans and how it should be formatted. '''[[:m:Talk:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|Please post it on the draft talk page]]'''. Our goal is to provide space for the community to discuss all the aspects of these office actions that need to be discussed, and we want to ensure with your feedback that the consultation is presented in the best way to encourage frank and constructive conversation.

Please visit [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|the consultation draft on Meta-wiki]] and leave your comments on the draft’s talk page about what the consultation should look like and what questions it should ask. 

Thank you for your input! -- The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety|Trust &amp; Safety team]] 08:03, 16 Augusti 2019 (UTC)
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== New tools and IP masking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hey everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling.

We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment.

You can post in your language if you can't write in English.
[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 14:18, 21 Augusti 2019 (UTC)
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== The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Hello, 

In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to &quot;re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)&quot;.

Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. 

How can you help?

* Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset);

* Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or

* Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans.

We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation!

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] 17:13, 30 Septembris 2019 (UTC)
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== Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. 

We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups.  So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes.  

We would like individual feedback on the following:

* Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered
* Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know
* Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far

We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. 

When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project:

* Make it easier for readers to focus on the content
* Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing)
* Put things in logical and useful places
* Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps
* Eliminate clutter
* Plan for future growth

As well as the following constraints:

* Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves
* Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain
* No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors

Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] 

After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 06:53, 16 Octobris 2019 (UTC)
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== Editing News #2 – Mobile editing and talk pages ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

Inside this newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] talks about their work on the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]], on [[mw:Talk pages project|the new talk pages project]], and at [[wikimania:|Wikimania 2019]].

=== Help ===
&lt;strong&gt;What talk page interactions do you remember?&lt;/strong&gt; Is it a story about how someone helped you to learn something new? Is it a story about how someone helped you get involved in a group? Something else?  Whatever your story is, we want to hear it!  

Please tell us a story about how you used a talk page.  &lt;mark&gt;Please share a link to a memorable discussion, or describe it on the &lt;strong&gt;[[mw:Topic:V8d91yh8gcg404dj|talk page for this project]]&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/mark&gt;  The team wants your examples.  These examples will help everyone develop a shared understanding of what this project should support and encourage.

=== Talk pages project ===
The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk Pages Consultation]] was a global consultation to define better tools for wiki communication. From February through June 2019, more than 500 volunteers on 20 wikis, across 15 languages and multiple projects, came together with members of the Foundation to create a product direction for a set of discussion tools.  The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Phase 2 report|Phase 2 Report]] of the Talk Page Consultation was published in August. It summarizes the product direction the team has started to work on, which you can read more about here: [[mw:Talk pages project|Talk Page Project project page]]. 

The team needs and wants your help at this early stage.  They are starting to develop the first idea. Please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Getting involved&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;]] section of the project page, if you would like to hear about opportunities to participate.

=== Mobile visual editor ===
The Editing team is trying to make it simpler to edit on mobile devices.  The team is changing the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|visual editor on mobile]]. If you have something to say about editing on a mobile device, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]].

==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit Cards]] ====
[[File:Edit Cards-before-v3-comparison.png|thumb|486x486px|What happens when you click on a link.  The new Edit Card is bigger and has more options for editing links.]]

* On 3 September, the Editing team released [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|version 3 of Edit Cards]]. Anyone could use the new version in the mobile visual editor.
* There is an [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|updated design]] on the Edit Card for adding and modifying links.  There is also a new, [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#2 September 2019 - v3 deployment timing|combined workflow for editing a link's display text and target]].
* Feedback: You can try the new Edit Cards by opening the mobile visual editor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[:mw:Topic:V5rg0cqmikpubmjj|Edit cards talk page]].

==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Toolbar]] ====
[[File:Toolbar-comparison-v1.png|thumb|486px|The editing toolbar is changing in the mobile visual editor.  The old system had two different toolbars.  Now, all the buttons are together.  [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Tell the team what you think about the new toolbar]].]]

* In September, the Editing team updated the mobile visual editor's editing toolbar.  Anyone could see these changes in the mobile visual editor.
** &lt;em&gt;One toolbar:&lt;/em&gt; All of the editing tools are located in one toolbar.  Previously, the toolbar changed when you clicked on different things.
**&lt;em&gt;New navigation:&lt;/em&gt; The buttons for moving forward and backward in the edit flow have changed.
**&lt;em&gt;Seamless switching:&lt;/em&gt; an [[phab:T228159|improved workflow]] for switching between the visual and wikitext modes.
* Feedback: You can try the refreshed toolbar by opening the mobile VisualEditor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Toolbar feedback talk page]].

=== Wikimania ===
The Editing Team attended [[wmania:2019:Program|Wikimania 2019]] in Sweden.  They led a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|the mobile visual editor]] and a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/After Flow: A new direction for improving talk pages|the new talk pages project]].  They tested [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh#v1 prototype|two]] new [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#v3 prototype|features]] in the mobile visual editor with contributors.  You can read more about what the team did and learned in [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#Wikimania Stockholm: Overview|the team's report on Wikimania 2019]].

=== Looking ahead ===

* &lt;strong&gt;Talk Pages Project:&lt;/strong&gt; The team is thinking about the first set of proposed changes.  The team will be working with a few communities to pilot those changes. The best way to stay informed is by adding your username to the list on the project page: [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|&lt;strong&gt;Getting involved&lt;/strong&gt;]].
* &lt;strong&gt;Testing the mobile visual editor as the default:&lt;/strong&gt;  The Editing team plans to post results before the end of the calendar year. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|&lt;strong&gt;VisualEditor as mobile default project page&lt;/strong&gt;]].
* &lt;strong&gt;Measuring the impact of Edit Cards:&lt;/strong&gt;  This study asks whether the project helped editors add links and citations.  The Editing team hopes to share results in November.  The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|&lt;strong&gt;Edit Cards project page&lt;/strong&gt;]].

– [[User:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 11:13, 29 Octobris 2019 (UTC)
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== Community Wishlist 2020 ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|right|48px]]
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|2020 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open! This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''November 11, 2019''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better.

'''This year, we’re exclusively focusing on smaller projects (i.e., Wikibooks, Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikisource, Wikiversity, Wikispecies, Wikivoyage, and Wikinews).''' We want to help these projects and provide meaningful improvements to diverse communities. If you’re a member of any of these projects, please participate in the survey! To submit proposals, see the guidelines on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020#Guidelines|survey page]]. You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[:m:user:IFried (WMF)|IFried (WMF)]] 19:30, 4 Novembris 2019 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore ==

[[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|100px|right|frameless]]
'''Hello Folks,'''

Wiki Loves Love is back again in 2020 iteration as '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' from 1 February, 2020 - 29 February, 2020. Join us to celebrate the local cultural heritage of your region with the theme of folklore in the international photography contest at [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wllove Wikimedia Commons]. Images, videos and audios representing different forms of folk cultures and new forms of heritage that haven’t otherwise been documented so far are welcome submissions in Wiki Loves Folklore. Learn more about the contest at [[m:Wiki Loves Folklore|Meta-Wiki]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Commons]].

'''Kind regards,'''&lt;br/&gt;
[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore/International Team|'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''']]&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;small&gt;&amp;mdash;&amp;nbsp;[[User:Tulsi Bhagat|Tulsi Bhagat]] &lt;small&gt;([[Special:Contributions/Tulsi Bhagat|contribs]] &amp;#124; [[User talk:Tulsi Bhagat|talk]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
sent using [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 06:14, 18 Ianuarii 2020 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
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== Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project ==

Hello

The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement.

To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating!

-- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) 19:00, 22 Ianuarii 2020 (UTC)
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== Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages ==

''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' 

You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment.  We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 14:15, 26 Februarii 2020 (UTC)
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== Editing news 2020 #1 – Discussion tools ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v1.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Screenshot showing what the Reply tool looks like|This early version of the Reply tool automatically signs and indents comments.]]

The [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] has been working on [[mw:Talk pages project|the talk pages project]].  The goal of the talk pages project is to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily.  This project is the result of the [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019]]. 

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Reply tool improved with edit tool buttons|In a future update, the team plans to test a tool for easily linking to another user's name, a rich-text editing option, and other tools.]]

The team is building a [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|new tool for replying]] to comments now.  This early version can sign and indent comments automatically.  &lt;strong&gt;Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20version%201.0|test the new Reply tool]].&lt;/strong&gt;  

*On 31 March 2020, the new {{Int:discussiontools-replylink}} tool was offered as a [[mw:Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] editors at four Wikipedias:  [[w:ar:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Arabic]], [[w:nl:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Dutch]], [[w:fr:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|French]], and [[w:hu:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Hungarian]].  If your community also wants early access to the new tool, contact [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]].
*The team is planning some upcoming changes.  &lt;strong&gt;Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|review the proposed design]] and share your thoughts on the talk page.&lt;/strong&gt;  The team will test features such as:
**an easy way to mention another editor (&quot;pinging&quot;), 
**a rich-text visual editing option, and 
**other features identified through user testing or recommended by editors.  

To hear more about Editing Team updates, please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Get involved|&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Get involved&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;]] section of the project page. You can also watch [[File:MediaWiki Vector skin blue star watchlist icon.svg|frameless|16px]] these pages: [[mw:Talk pages project|the main project page]], [[mw:Talk pages project/Updates|Updates]], [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|Replying]], and [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing|User testing]].

– [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 19:28, 8 Aprilis 2020 (UTC)
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== Editing news 2020 #2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|alt=Mockup of the new reply feature, showing new editing tools|thumb|400x400px|The new features include a toolbar.  [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/replying|What do you think should be in the toolbar?]]]]

This issue of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing|Editing]] newsletter includes information the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]], an effort to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily.

* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|&lt;strong&gt;Reply tool&lt;/strong&gt;]]: This is available as a Beta Feature at the four partner wikis (Arabic, Dutch, French, and Hungarian Wikipedias).  The Beta Feature is called &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot;.  The Beta Feature will get [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|new features]] soon.  The new features include writing comments in a new visual editing mode and pinging other users by typing &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt;. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20tool%20version%202.0|test the new features]] on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] now.  Some other wikis will have a chance to try the Beta Feature in the coming months.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New requirements for user signatures|&lt;strong&gt;New requirements for user signatures&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  Soon, users will not be able to save invalid custom signatures in [[Special:Preferences]]. This will reduce signature spoofing, prevent page corruption, and make new talk page tools more reliable.  Most editors will not be affected.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|&lt;strong&gt;New discussion tool&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  The Editing team is beginning work on a simpler process for starting new discussions.   You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion#Design|see the initial design on the project page]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Usage of talk pages|&lt;strong&gt;Research on the use of talk pages&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  The Editing team worked with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Research|Wikimedia research team]] to study how talk pages help editors improve articles.  We learned that new editors who use talk pages make more edits to the main namespace than new editors who don't use talk pages. 

– [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 20:36, 17 Iunii 2020 (UTC)
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== Feedback on movement names ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented.

Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. 

Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki.

Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], 19:52, 2 Iulii 2020 (UTC)

''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Editing news 2020 #3 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:50M@2x.png|thumb|alt=A gold star with a blue ribbon, and the text 50m|More than &lt;strong&gt;50 million edits&lt;/strong&gt; have been made using the visual editor on desktop.|400px]]

Seven years ago this month, the [[mw:Editing team|Editing team]] offered the visual editor to most Wikipedia editors.  Since then, editors have achieved many milestones:

* More than &lt;strong&gt;50 million edits&lt;/strong&gt; have been made using the visual editor on desktop.
* More than &lt;strong&gt;2 million new articles&lt;/strong&gt; have been created in the visual editor. More than 600,000 of these new articles were created during 2019.
* The visual editor is &lt;strong&gt;increasingly popular&lt;/strong&gt;.  The proportion of all edits made using the visual editor has increased every year since its introduction.
* In 2019, &lt;strong&gt;35% of the edits by newcomers&lt;/strong&gt; (logged-in editors with ≤99 edits) used the visual editor. This percentage has &lt;strong&gt;increased every year&lt;/strong&gt;.
* Almost &lt;strong&gt;5 million edits on the mobile site&lt;/strong&gt; have been made with the visual editor.  Most of these edits have been made since the Editing team started improving the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]] in 2018.
* On 17 November 2019, the [https://discuss-space.wmflabs.org/t/first-edit-made-to-wikipedia-from-outer-space/2254 &lt;strong&gt;first edit from outer space&lt;/strong&gt;] was made in the mobile visual editor. 🚀 👩‍🚀
* Editors have made more than &lt;strong&gt;7 million edits in the 2017 wikitext editor&lt;/strong&gt;, including starting &lt;strong&gt;600,000 new articles&lt;/strong&gt; in it.  The [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] is VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode.  You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable it in your preferences]].

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])

&lt;/div&gt; 12:56, 9 Iulii 2020 (UTC)
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== Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;la&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Salvete omnes,

It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new.

This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 &lt;ref&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt; after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world.

The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language.

As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation &lt;ref&gt;[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams.

It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project.

We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions.

There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list &lt;ref&gt;[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path.

Yours,

Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) 

&lt;references/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 19:56, 9 Iulii 2020 (UTC) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' &lt;/small&gt;
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== Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. 
How does it work? 

Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link &quot;Move file to Wikimedia Commons&quot; on the local file page. 

Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. 

Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. 

If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: &lt;/div&gt;[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 09:13, 6 Augusti 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=20343133 --&gt;

== Important: maintenance operation on September 1st ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' 
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt; 13:48, 26 Augusti 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20384955 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the conversation ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020.

The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved?

Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. 

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages.

To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta.

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], 17:55, 10 Septembris 2020 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review/Invitation_(long_version)/List&amp;oldid=20440292 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b8bai7rstmf1xxkcfnkfyrc9p28nfva</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Titulus</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3071</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8441</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T14:59:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|{{Center|{{WSExport}}}}|}}{{#invoke:Titulus|titulus|Scriptor={{#if:{{{Scriptor|}}}|{{{Scriptor}}}|0}}|OperaeTi...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1045" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|{{Center|{{WSExport}}}}|}}{{#invoke:Titulus|titulus|Scriptor={{#if:{{{Scriptor|}}}|{{{Scriptor}}}|0}}|OperaeTitulus={{#if:{{{OperaeTitulus|}}}|{{{OperaeTitulus}}}|0}}|SubTitulus={{#if:{{{SubTitulus|}}}|{{{SubTitulus}}}|0}}|Liber={{#if:{{{Liber|}}}|{{{Liber}}}|0}}|OperaeWikiPagina={{#if:{{{OperaeWikiPagina|}}}|{{{OperaeWikiPagina}}}|0}}|Annus={{#if:{{{Annus|}}}|{{{Annus}}}|0}}|AnnusMonstratus={{#if:{{{AnnusMonstratus|}}}|{{{AnnusMonstratus}}}|0}}|Editio={{#if:{{{Editio|}}}|{{{Editio}}}|0}}|Recensor={{#if:{{{Recensor|}}}|{{{Recensor}}}|0}}|Fons={{#if:{{{Fons|}}}|{{{Fons}}}|0}}|Genera={{#if:{{{Genera|}}}|{{{Genera}}}|0}}|Frons={{#if:{{{Frons|}}}|{{{Frons}}}|0}}|Scriptor2={{#if:{{{Scriptor2|}}}|{{{Scriptor2}}}|0}}|Scriptor3={{#if:{{{Scriptor3|}}}|{{{Scriptor3}}}|0}}|Scriptor4={{#if:{{{Scriptor4|}}}|{{{Scriptor4}}}|0}}|Scriptor5={{#if:{{{Scriptor5|}}}|{{{Scriptor5}}}|0}}|Scriptor6={{#if:{{{Scriptor6|}}}|{{{Scriptor6}}}|0}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1qxyy8bmu1oibbigmo19yf3ggv1b766</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Larger</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3073</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8445</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T15:07:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 120%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}} &lt;/noinc...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="170" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 120%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>e7ix2xa0gl4wd7ed3h9lmn795lsu95c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Smaller</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3074</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8447</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T15:07:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 83%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}} &lt;/noincl...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="169" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 83%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rzfgrn8lrpnz9daqo2tcm51kj30umts</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Documentation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3076</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8453</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:15:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{documentation subpage}} == Usage == {{span-based-template}} This template simplifies formatting text that is {{{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}.  == Example ==...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="701" xml:space="preserve">{{documentation subpage}}
== Usage ==
{{span-based-template}}
This template simplifies formatting text that is {{{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}.

== Example ==

 &amp;#123;&amp;#123;{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}&amp;#125;&amp;#125;

Note that the template doesn't seem to handle the equals character &quot;=&quot;, use &lt;nowiki&gt;{{=}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; for equals instead.

== See also ==

{{Help:Font size templates}}

&lt;!-- template categories and interwiki links --&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;
[[Category:Formatting templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]&lt;!--
Note that due single page of documentation that interwikis need to be stored in template itself, not transcluded UNLESS they are similarly named, or they have redirects in place--&gt;
&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>fys92ystrl1e7w99fbbu2o2dxvvyliz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Span-based-template</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3077</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8454</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:18:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{ombox|type = notice |small = yes |image =[[File:Italic font awesome.svg|35px]] |text=This template uses a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element for formatting.&lt;br /&gt; B...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="372" xml:space="preserve">{{ombox|type = notice
|small = yes
|image =[[File:Italic font awesome.svg|35px]]
|text=This template uses a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; element for formatting.&lt;br /&gt;
Block-based templates and paragraph breaks cannot be nested inside it.&lt;br/&gt;
See [[H:DIVSPAN]] for details.}}&lt;includeonly&gt;[[Category:Span based templates]]&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5t78uorw9pf52k3owv59451zgp20w1e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Ombox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3078</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8455</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:23:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:Message box|ombox}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="146" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Message box|ombox}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1o93yrjvq6v2ylug2k0uaaltljurje2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:X-smaller</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3079</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8456</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:24:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 69%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} [[pl:Szablon:X-mniejszy]] &lt;/noi...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="172" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 69%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
[[pl:Szablon:X-mniejszy]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>eghjr9jei2kg2l9ij4n73t920lfl357</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Message box</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3080</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8459</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:25:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-- This is a meta-module for producing message box templates, including -- {{mbox}}, {{ambox}}, {{imbox}}, {{tmbox}}, {{ombox}}, {{cmbox}} and {{fmbox}}.  -- Load ne...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="18353" xml:space="preserve">-- This is a meta-module for producing message box templates, including
-- {{mbox}}, {{ambox}}, {{imbox}}, {{tmbox}}, {{ombox}}, {{cmbox}} and {{fmbox}}.

-- Load necessary modules.
require('Module:No globals')
local getArgs
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')

-- Get a language object for formatDate and ucfirst.
local lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage()

-- Define constants
local CONFIG_MODULE = 'Module:Message box/configuration'
local DEMOSPACES = {talk = 'tmbox', image = 'imbox', file = 'imbox', category = 'cmbox', article = 'ambox', main = 'ambox'}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function getTitleObject(...)
	-- Get the title object, passing the function through pcall
	-- in case we are over the expensive function count limit.
	local success, title = pcall(mw.title.new, ...)
	if success then
		return title
	end
end

local function union(t1, t2)
	-- Returns the union of two arrays.
	local vals = {}
	for i, v in ipairs(t1) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	for i, v in ipairs(t2) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	local ret = {}
	for k in pairs(vals) do
		table.insert(ret, k)
	end
	table.sort(ret)
	return ret
end

local function getArgNums(args, prefix)
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		local num = mw.ustring.match(tostring(k), '^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)$')
		if num then
			table.insert(nums, tonumber(num))
		end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Box class definition
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local MessageBox = {}
MessageBox.__index = MessageBox

function MessageBox.new(boxType, args, cfg)
	args = args or {}
	local obj = {}

	-- Set the title object and the namespace.
	obj.title = getTitleObject(args.page) or mw.title.getCurrentTitle()

	-- Set the config for our box type.
	obj.cfg = cfg[boxType]
	if not obj.cfg then
		local ns = obj.title.namespace
		-- boxType is &quot;mbox&quot; or invalid input
		if args.demospace and args.demospace ~= '' then
			-- implement demospace parameter of mbox
			local demospace = string.lower(args.demospace)
			if DEMOSPACES[demospace] then
				-- use template from DEMOSPACES
				obj.cfg = cfg[DEMOSPACES[demospace]]
			elseif string.find( demospace, 'talk' ) then
				-- demo as a talk page
				obj.cfg = cfg.tmbox
			else
				-- default to ombox
				obj.cfg = cfg.ombox
			end
		elseif ns == 0 then
			obj.cfg = cfg.ambox -- main namespace
		elseif ns == 6 then
			obj.cfg = cfg.imbox -- file namespace
		elseif ns == 14 then
			obj.cfg = cfg.cmbox -- category namespace
		else
			local nsTable = mw.site.namespaces[ns]
			if nsTable and nsTable.isTalk then
				obj.cfg = cfg.tmbox -- any talk namespace
			else
				obj.cfg = cfg.ombox -- other namespaces or invalid input
			end
		end
	end

	-- Set the arguments, and remove all blank arguments except for the ones
	-- listed in cfg.allowBlankParams.
	do
		local newArgs = {}
		for k, v in pairs(args) do
			if v ~= '' then
				newArgs[k] = v
			end
		end
		for i, param in ipairs(obj.cfg.allowBlankParams or {}) do
			newArgs[param] = args[param]
		end
		obj.args = newArgs
	end

	-- Define internal data structure.
	obj.categories = {}
	obj.classes = {}
	-- For lazy loading of [[Module:Category handler]].
	obj.hasCategories = false

	return setmetatable(obj, MessageBox)
end

function MessageBox:addCat(ns, cat, sort)
	if not cat then
		return nil
	end
	if sort then
		cat = string.format('[[Category:%s|%s]]', cat, sort)
	else
		cat = string.format('[[Category:%s]]', cat)
	end
	self.hasCategories = true
	self.categories[ns] = self.categories[ns] or {}
	table.insert(self.categories[ns], cat)
end

function MessageBox:addClass(class)
	if not class then
		return nil
	end
	table.insert(self.classes, class)
end

function MessageBox:setParameters()
	local args = self.args
	local cfg = self.cfg

	-- Get type data.
	self.type = args.type
	local typeData = cfg.types[self.type]
	self.invalidTypeError = cfg.showInvalidTypeError
		and self.type
		and not typeData
	typeData = typeData or cfg.types[cfg.default]
	self.typeClass = typeData.class
	self.typeImage = typeData.image

	-- Find if the box has been wrongly substituted.
	self.isSubstituted = cfg.substCheck and args.subst == 'SUBST'

	-- Find whether we are using a small message box.
	self.isSmall = cfg.allowSmall and (
		cfg.smallParam and args.small == cfg.smallParam
		or not cfg.smallParam and yesno(args.small)
	)

	-- Add attributes, classes and styles.
	self.id = args.id
	self.name = args.name
	if self.name then
		self:addClass('box-' .. string.gsub(self.name,' ','_'))
	end
	if yesno(args.plainlinks) ~= false then
		self:addClass('plainlinks')
	end
	for _, class in ipairs(cfg.classes or {}) do
		self:addClass(class)
	end
	if self.isSmall then
		self:addClass(cfg.smallClass or 'mbox-small')
	end
	self:addClass(self.typeClass)
	self:addClass(args.class)
	self.style = args.style
	self.attrs = args.attrs

	-- Set text style.
	self.textstyle = args.textstyle

	-- Find if we are on the template page or not. This functionality is only
	-- used if useCollapsibleTextFields is set, or if both cfg.templateCategory
	-- and cfg.templateCategoryRequireName are set.
	self.useCollapsibleTextFields = cfg.useCollapsibleTextFields
	if self.useCollapsibleTextFields
		or cfg.templateCategory
		and cfg.templateCategoryRequireName
	then
		if self.name then
			local templateName = mw.ustring.match(
				self.name,
				'^[tT][eE][mM][pP][lL][aA][tT][eE][%s_]*:[%s_]*(.*)$'
			) or self.name
			templateName = 'Template:' .. templateName
			self.templateTitle = getTitleObject(templateName)
		end
		self.isTemplatePage = self.templateTitle
			and mw.title.equals(self.title, self.templateTitle)
	end
	
	-- Process data for collapsible text fields. At the moment these are only
	-- used in {{ambox}}.
	if self.useCollapsibleTextFields then
		-- Get the self.issue value.
		if self.isSmall and args.smalltext then
			self.issue = args.smalltext
		else
			local sect
			if args.sect == '' then
				sect = 'This ' .. (cfg.sectionDefault or 'page')
			elseif type(args.sect) == 'string' then
				sect = 'This ' .. args.sect
			end
			local issue = args.issue
			issue = type(issue) == 'string' and issue ~= '' and issue or nil
			local text = args.text
			text = type(text) == 'string' and text or nil
			local issues = {}
			table.insert(issues, sect)
			table.insert(issues, issue)
			table.insert(issues, text)
			self.issue = table.concat(issues, ' ')
		end

		-- Get the self.talk value.
		local talk = args.talk
		-- Show talk links on the template page or template subpages if the talk
		-- parameter is blank.
		if talk == ''
			and self.templateTitle
			and (
				mw.title.equals(self.templateTitle, self.title)
				or self.title:isSubpageOf(self.templateTitle)
			)
		then
			talk = '#'
		elseif talk == '' then
			talk = nil
		end
		if talk then
			-- If the talk value is a talk page, make a link to that page. Else
			-- assume that it's a section heading, and make a link to the talk
			-- page of the current page with that section heading.
			local talkTitle = getTitleObject(talk)
			local talkArgIsTalkPage = true
			if not talkTitle or not talkTitle.isTalkPage then
				talkArgIsTalkPage = false
				talkTitle = getTitleObject(
					self.title.text,
					mw.site.namespaces[self.title.namespace].talk.id
				)
			end
			if talkTitle and talkTitle.exists then
                local talkText
                if self.isSmall then
                    local talkLink = talkArgIsTalkPage and talk or (talkTitle.prefixedText .. '#' .. talk)
                    talkText = string.format('([[%s|talk]])', talkLink)
                else
                    talkText = 'Relevant discussion may be found on'
                    if talkArgIsTalkPage then
                        talkText = string.format(
                            '%s [[%s|%s]].',
                            talkText,
                            talk,
                            talkTitle.prefixedText
                        )
                    else
                        talkText = string.format(
                            '%s the [[%s#%s|talk page]].',
                            talkText,
                            talkTitle.prefixedText,
                            talk
                        )
                    end
                end
				self.talk = talkText
			end
		end

		-- Get other values.
		self.fix = args.fix ~= '' and args.fix or nil
		local date
		if args.date and args.date ~= '' then
			date = args.date
		elseif args.date == '' and self.isTemplatePage then
			date = lang:formatDate('F Y')
		end
		if date then
			self.date = string.format(&quot; &lt;small class='date-container'&gt;''(&lt;span class='date'&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;)''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;, date)
		end
		self.info = args.info
		if yesno(args.removalnotice) then
			self.removalNotice = cfg.removalNotice
		end
	end

	-- Set the non-collapsible text field. At the moment this is used by all box
	-- types other than ambox, and also by ambox when small=yes.
	if self.isSmall then
		self.text = args.smalltext or args.text
	else
		self.text = args.text
	end

	-- Set the below row.
	self.below = cfg.below and args.below

	-- General image settings.
	self.imageCellDiv = not self.isSmall and cfg.imageCellDiv
	self.imageEmptyCell = cfg.imageEmptyCell
	if cfg.imageEmptyCellStyle then
		self.imageEmptyCellStyle = 'border:none;padding:0px;width:1px'
	end

	-- Left image settings.
	local imageLeft = self.isSmall and args.smallimage or args.image
	if cfg.imageCheckBlank and imageLeft ~= 'blank' and imageLeft ~= 'none'
		or not cfg.imageCheckBlank and imageLeft ~= 'none'
	then
		self.imageLeft = imageLeft
		if not imageLeft then
			local imageSize = self.isSmall
				and (cfg.imageSmallSize or '30x30px')
				or '40x40px'
			self.imageLeft = string.format('[[File:%s|%s|link=|alt=]]', self.typeImage
				or 'Imbox notice.png', imageSize)
		end
	end

	-- Right image settings.
	local imageRight = self.isSmall and args.smallimageright or args.imageright
	if not (cfg.imageRightNone and imageRight == 'none') then
		self.imageRight = imageRight
	end
end

function MessageBox:setMainspaceCategories()
	local args = self.args
	local cfg = self.cfg

	if not cfg.allowMainspaceCategories then
		return nil
	end

	local nums = {}
	for _, prefix in ipairs{'cat', 'category', 'all'} do
		args[prefix .. '1'] = args[prefix]
		nums = union(nums, getArgNums(args, prefix))
	end

	-- The following is roughly equivalent to the old {{Ambox/category}}.
	local date = args.date
	date = type(date) == 'string' and date
	local preposition = 'from'
	for _, num in ipairs(nums) do
		local mainCat = args['cat' .. tostring(num)]
			or args['category' .. tostring(num)]
		local allCat = args['all' .. tostring(num)]
		mainCat = type(mainCat) == 'string' and mainCat
		allCat = type(allCat) == 'string' and allCat
		if mainCat and date and date ~= '' then
			local catTitle = string.format('%s %s %s', mainCat, preposition, date)
			self:addCat(0, catTitle)
			catTitle = getTitleObject('Category:' .. catTitle)
			if not catTitle or not catTitle.exists then
				self:addCat(0, 'Articles with invalid date parameter in template')
			end
		elseif mainCat and (not date or date == '') then
			self:addCat(0, mainCat)
		end
		if allCat then
			self:addCat(0, allCat)
		end
	end
end

function MessageBox:setTemplateCategories()
	local args = self.args
	local cfg = self.cfg

	-- Add template categories.
	if cfg.templateCategory then
		if cfg.templateCategoryRequireName then
			if self.isTemplatePage then
				self:addCat(10, cfg.templateCategory)
			end
		elseif not self.title.isSubpage then
			self:addCat(10, cfg.templateCategory)
		end
	end

	-- Add template error categories.
	if cfg.templateErrorCategory then
		local templateErrorCategory = cfg.templateErrorCategory
		local templateCat, templateSort
		if not self.name and not self.title.isSubpage then
			templateCat = templateErrorCategory
		elseif self.isTemplatePage then
			local paramsToCheck = cfg.templateErrorParamsToCheck or {}
			local count = 0
			for i, param in ipairs(paramsToCheck) do
				if not args[param] then
					count = count + 1
				end
			end
			if count &gt; 0 then
				templateCat = templateErrorCategory
				templateSort = tostring(count)
			end
			if self.categoryNums and #self.categoryNums &gt; 0 then
				templateCat = templateErrorCategory
				templateSort = 'C'
			end
		end
		self:addCat(10, templateCat, templateSort)
	end
end

function MessageBox:setAllNamespaceCategories()
	-- Set categories for all namespaces.
	if self.invalidTypeError then
		local allSort = (self.title.namespace == 0 and 'Main:' or '') .. self.title.prefixedText
		self:addCat('all', 'Wikipedia message box parameter needs fixing', allSort)
	end
	if self.isSubstituted then
		self:addCat('all', 'Pages with incorrectly substituted templates')
	end
end

function MessageBox:setCategories()
	if self.title.namespace == 0 then
		self:setMainspaceCategories()
	elseif self.title.namespace == 10 then
		self:setTemplateCategories()
	end
	self:setAllNamespaceCategories()
end

function MessageBox:renderCategories()
	if not self.hasCategories then
		-- No categories added, no need to pass them to Category handler so,
		-- if it was invoked, it would return the empty string.
		-- So we shortcut and return the empty string.
		return &quot;&quot;
	end
	-- Convert category tables to strings and pass them through
	-- [[Module:Category handler]].
	return require('Module:Category handler')._main{
		main = table.concat(self.categories[0] or {}),
		template = table.concat(self.categories[10] or {}),
		all = table.concat(self.categories.all or {}),
		nocat = self.args.nocat,
		page = self.args.page
	}
end

function MessageBox:export()
	local root = mw.html.create()

	-- Add the subst check error.
	if self.isSubstituted and self.name then
		root:tag('b')
			:addClass('error')
			:wikitext(string.format(
				'Template &lt;code&gt;%s[[Template:%s|%s]]%s&lt;/code&gt; has been incorrectly substituted.',
				mw.text.nowiki('{{'), self.name, self.name, mw.text.nowiki('}}')
			))
	end

	-- Create the box table.
	local boxTable = root:tag('table')
	boxTable:attr('id', self.id or nil)
	for i, class in ipairs(self.classes or {}) do
		boxTable:addClass(class or nil)
	end
	boxTable
		:cssText(self.style or nil)
		:attr('role', 'presentation')

	if self.attrs then
		boxTable:attr(self.attrs)
	end

	-- Add the left-hand image.
	local row = boxTable:tag('tr')
	if self.imageLeft then
		local imageLeftCell = row:tag('td'):addClass('mbox-image')
		if self.imageCellDiv then
			-- If we are using a div, redefine imageLeftCell so that the image
			-- is inside it. Divs use style=&quot;width: 52px;&quot;, which limits the
			-- image width to 52px. If any images in a div are wider than that,
			-- they may overlap with the text or cause other display problems.
			imageLeftCell = imageLeftCell:tag('div'):css('width', '52px')
		end
		imageLeftCell:wikitext(self.imageLeft or nil)
	elseif self.imageEmptyCell then
		-- Some message boxes define an empty cell if no image is specified, and
		-- some don't. The old template code in templates where empty cells are
		-- specified gives the following hint: &quot;No image. Cell with some width
		-- or padding necessary for text cell to have 100% width.&quot;
		row:tag('td')
			:addClass('mbox-empty-cell')
			:cssText(self.imageEmptyCellStyle or nil)
	end

	-- Add the text.
	local textCell = row:tag('td'):addClass('mbox-text')
	if self.useCollapsibleTextFields then
		-- The message box uses advanced text parameters that allow things to be
		-- collapsible. At the moment, only ambox uses this.
		textCell:cssText(self.textstyle or nil)
		local textCellDiv = textCell:tag('div')
		textCellDiv
			:addClass('mbox-text-span')
			:wikitext(self.issue or nil)
		if (self.talk or self.fix) then
			textCellDiv:tag('span')
				:addClass('hide-when-compact')
				:wikitext(self.talk and (' ' .. self.talk) or nil)
				:wikitext(self.fix and (' ' .. self.fix) or nil)
		end
		textCellDiv:wikitext(self.date and (' ' .. self.date) or nil)
		if self.info and not self.isSmall then
			textCellDiv
				:tag('span')
				:addClass('hide-when-compact')
				:wikitext(self.info and (' ' .. self.info) or nil)
		end
		if self.removalNotice then
			textCellDiv:tag('small')
				:addClass('hide-when-compact')
				:tag('i')
					:wikitext(string.format(&quot; (%s)&quot;, self.removalNotice))
		end
	else
		-- Default text formatting - anything goes.
		textCell
			:cssText(self.textstyle or nil)
			:wikitext(self.text or nil)
	end

	-- Add the right-hand image.
	if self.imageRight then
		local imageRightCell = row:tag('td'):addClass('mbox-imageright')
		if self.imageCellDiv then
			-- If we are using a div, redefine imageRightCell so that the image
			-- is inside it.
			imageRightCell = imageRightCell:tag('div'):css('width', '52px')
		end
		imageRightCell
			:wikitext(self.imageRight or nil)
	end

	-- Add the below row.
	if self.below then
		boxTable:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', self.imageRight and '3' or '2')
				:addClass('mbox-text')
				:cssText(self.textstyle or nil)
				:wikitext(self.below or nil)
	end

	-- Add error message for invalid type parameters.
	if self.invalidTypeError then
		root:tag('div')
			:css('text-align', 'center')
			:wikitext(string.format(
				'This message box is using an invalid &quot;type=%s&quot; parameter and needs fixing.',
				self.type or ''
			))
	end

	-- Add categories.
	root:wikitext(self:renderCategories() or nil)

	return tostring(root)
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Exports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local p, mt = {}, {}

function p._exportClasses()
	-- For testing.
	return {
		MessageBox = MessageBox
	}
end

function p.main(boxType, args, cfgTables)
	local box = MessageBox.new(boxType, args, cfgTables or mw.loadData(CONFIG_MODULE))
	box:setParameters()
	box:setCategories()
	return box:export()
end

function mt.__index(t, k)
	return function (frame)
		if not getArgs then
			getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
		end
		return t.main(k, getArgs(frame, {trim = false, removeBlanks = false}))
	end
end

return setmetatable(p, mt)</text>
      <sha1>tiqc5on6uuhw82w1gda9wz6beyz2y0x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Message box/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3081</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8460</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:26:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '  This is a meta-module that implements the message box templates {{tl|mbox}}, {{tl|ambox}}, {{tl|cmbox}}, {{tl|fmbox}}, {{tl|imbox}}, {{tl|ombox}}, and {{tl|tmbox}}...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5407" xml:space="preserve">

This is a meta-module that implements the message box templates {{tl|mbox}}, {{tl|ambox}}, {{tl|cmbox}}, {{tl|fmbox}}, {{tl|imbox}}, {{tl|ombox}}, and {{tl|tmbox}}. It is intended to be used from Lua modules, and should not be used directly from wiki pages. If you want to use this module's functionality from a wiki page, please use the individual message box templates instead.

== Usage ==

To use this module from another Lua module, first you need to load it.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local messageBox = require('Module:Message box')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

To create a message box, use the &lt;code&gt;main&lt;/code&gt; function. It takes two parameters: the first is the box type (as a string), and the second is a table containing the message box parameters.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local box = messageBox.main( boxType, {
    param1 = param1,
    param2 = param2,
    -- More parameters...
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

There are eight available box types:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Box type !! Template !! Purpose
|-
| &lt;code&gt;mbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|mbox}} || For message boxes to be used in multiple namespaces
|-
| &lt;code&gt;ambox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|ambox}} || For article message boxes
|-
| &lt;code&gt;cmbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|cmbox}} || For category message boxes
|-
| &lt;code&gt;fmbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|fmbox}} || For interface message boxes
|-
| &lt;code&gt;imbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|imbox}} || For file namespace message boxes
|-
| &lt;code&gt;tmbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|tmbox}} || For talk page message boxes
|-
| &lt;code&gt;pmbox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|pmbox}} || For message boxes in Page: namespace
|-
| &lt;code&gt;ombox&lt;/code&gt; || {{tl|ombox}} || For message boxes in other namespaces
|}

See the template page of each box type for the available parameters.

== Usage from #invoke ==

As well as the &lt;code&gt;main&lt;/code&gt; function, this module has separate functions for each box type. They are accessed using the code &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Message box|mbox|...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Message box|ambox|...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, etc. These will work when called from other modules, but they access code used to process arguments passed from #invoke, and so calling them will be less efficient than calling &lt;code&gt;main&lt;/code&gt;.

== Technical details ==

The module uses the same basic code for each of the templates listed above; the differences between each of them are configured using the data at [[Module:Message box/configuration]]. Here are the various configuration options and what they mean:

* &lt;code&gt;types&lt;/code&gt; - a table containing data used by the type parameter of the message box. The table keys are the values that can be passed to the type parameter, and the table values are tables containing the class and the image used by that type.
* &lt;code&gt;default&lt;/code&gt; - the type to use if no value was passed to the type parameter, or if an invalid value was specified.
* &lt;code&gt;showInvalidTypeError&lt;/code&gt; - whether to show an error if the value passed to the type parameter was invalid.
* &lt;code&gt;allowBlankParams&lt;/code&gt; - usually blank values are stripped from parameters passed to the module. However, whitespace is preserved for the parameters included in the allowBlankParams table.
* &lt;code&gt;allowId&lt;/code&gt; - whether it is possible to set an &quot;id&quot; attribute to the html table tag.
* &lt;code&gt;allowSmall&lt;/code&gt; - whether a small version of the message box can be produced with &quot;small=yes&quot;.
* &lt;code&gt;smallParam&lt;/code&gt; - a custom name for the small parameter. For example, if set to &quot;left&quot; you can produce a small message box using &quot;small=left&quot;.
* &lt;code&gt;smallClass&lt;/code&gt; - the class to use for small message boxes.
* &lt;code&gt;substCheck&lt;/code&gt; - whether to perform a subst check or not.
* &lt;code&gt;classes&lt;/code&gt; - an array of classes to use with the message box.
* &lt;code&gt;usePlainlinksParam&lt;/code&gt; - whether to allow &quot;plainlinks=no&quot; to turn off the plainlinks class.
* &lt;code&gt;imageEmptyCell&lt;/code&gt; - whether to use an empty {{tag|td}} cell if there is no image set. This is used to preserve spacing for message boxes with a width of less than 100% of the screen.
* &lt;code&gt;imageEmptyCellStyle&lt;/code&gt; - whether empty image cells should be styled.
* &lt;code&gt;imageCheckBlank&lt;/code&gt; - whether &quot;image=blank&quot; results in no image being displayed.
* &lt;code&gt;imageSmallSize&lt;/code&gt; - usually, images used in small message boxes are set to 30x30px. This sets a custom size.
* &lt;code&gt;imageCellDiv&lt;/code&gt; - whether to enclose the image in a div enforcing a maximum image size.
* &lt;code&gt;useCollapsibleTextFields&lt;/code&gt; - whether to use text fields that can be collapsed, i.e. &quot;issue&quot;, &quot;fix&quot;, &quot;talk&quot;, etc. Currently only used in ambox.
* &lt;code&gt;imageRightNone&lt;/code&gt; - whether imageright=none results in no image being displayed on the right-hand side of the message box.
* &lt;code&gt;sectionDefault&lt;/code&gt; - the default name for the &quot;section&quot; parameter. Depends on &lt;code&gt;useCollapsibleTextFields&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;allowMainspaceCategories&lt;/code&gt; - allow categorisation in the main namespace.
* &lt;code&gt;templateCategory&lt;/code&gt; - the name of a category to be placed on the template page.
* &lt;code&gt;templateCategoryRequireName&lt;/code&gt; - whether the &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; parameter is required to display the template category.
* &lt;code&gt;templateErrorCategory&lt;/code&gt; - the name of the error category to be used on the template page.
* &lt;code&gt;templateErrorParamsToCheck&lt;/code&gt; - an array of parameter names to check. If any are absent, the &lt;code&gt;templateErrorCategory&lt;/code&gt; is applied to the template page.</text>
      <sha1>8hj7hqdey0qd47egtf7d09disb77tz1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Xx-smaller</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3082</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8461</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:28:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:58%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="168" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:58%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pq3s0ayol435fyy5ue599g759b3wsb7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Documentation subpage</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3083</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8462</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:29:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{documentation subpage}} == Usage == {{span-based-template}} This template simplifies formatting text that is {{{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}.  == Example ==...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="701" xml:space="preserve">{{documentation subpage}}
== Usage ==
{{span-based-template}}
This template simplifies formatting text that is {{{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}}}.

== Example ==

 &amp;#123;&amp;#123;{{BASEPAGENAME}}|{{BASEPAGENAME}}&amp;#125;&amp;#125;

Note that the template doesn't seem to handle the equals character &quot;=&quot;, use &lt;nowiki&gt;{{=}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; for equals instead.

== See also ==

{{Help:Font size templates}}

&lt;!-- template categories and interwiki links --&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;
[[Category:Formatting templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]&lt;!--
Note that due single page of documentation that interwikis need to be stored in template itself, not transcluded UNLESS they are similarly named, or they have redirects in place--&gt;
&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>fys92ystrl1e7w99fbbu2o2dxvvyliz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:No globals</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3084</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8463</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:30:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'local mt = getmetatable(_G) or {} function mt.__index (t, k) 	if k ~= 'arg' then 		error('Tried to read nil global ' .. tostring(k), 2) 	end 	return nil end function...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="307" xml:space="preserve">local mt = getmetatable(_G) or {}
function mt.__index (t, k)
	if k ~= 'arg' then
		error('Tried to read nil global ' .. tostring(k), 2)
	end
	return nil
end
function mt.__newindex(t, k, v)
	if k ~= 'arg' then
		error('Tried to write global ' .. tostring(k), 2)
	end
	rawset(t, k, v)
end
setmetatable(_G, mt)</text>
      <sha1>gggsv54pq7f94l3up48hr91qtxnskdm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:No globals/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3085</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8464</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:31:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;!--{{module rating|protected}}--&gt; &lt;!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --&gt;  This module causes an error if any nil global is...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="853" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!--{{module rating|protected}}--&gt;
&lt;!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --&gt;

This module causes an error if any nil global is read or if any global is written to, with the exception of &lt;var&gt;arg&lt;/var&gt;. To use, add &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;require('Module:No globals')&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; to the top of the module using it. The &lt;var&gt;arg&lt;/var&gt; variable is excluded because it is necessary for Scribunto's [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#require|require]] function to work properly. (See the Scribunto source code [https://git.wikimedia.org/blob/mediawiki%2Fextensions%2FScribunto/f768b950134a6a32c094be92c8c139a11f8880df/engines%2FLuaCommon%2Flualib%2Fpackage.lua#L101 here].)

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
&lt;!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --&gt;

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dz7937vc0de3amjwmaw9jeironuhxjz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Yesno</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3086</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8465</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:32:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-- Function allowing for consistent treatment of boolean-like wikitext input. -- It works similarly to the template {{yesno}}.  return function (val, default) 	-- If...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="745" xml:space="preserve">-- Function allowing for consistent treatment of boolean-like wikitext input.
-- It works similarly to the template {{yesno}}.

return function (val, default)
	-- If your wiki uses non-ascii characters for any of &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;no&quot;, etc., you
	-- should replace &quot;val:lower()&quot; with &quot;mw.ustring.lower(val)&quot; in the
	-- following line.
	val = type(val) == 'string' and val:lower() or val
	if val == nil then
		return nil
	elseif val == true 
		or val == 'yes'
		or val == 'y'
		or val == 'true'
		or val == 't'
		or val == 'on'
		or tonumber(val) == 1
	then
		return true
	elseif val == false
		or val == 'no'
		or val == 'n'
		or val == 'false'
		or val == 'f'
		or val == 'off'
		or tonumber(val) == 0
	then
		return false
	else
		return default
	end
end</text>
      <sha1>swdskn7svew8i9wuydn9uj5l3r2ghcs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Yesno/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3087</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8466</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:33:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '  This module provides a consistent interface for processing boolean or boolean-style string input. While Lua allows the &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; boo...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3327" xml:space="preserve">

This module provides a consistent interface for processing boolean or boolean-style string input. While Lua allows the &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; boolean values, wikicode templates can only express boolean values through strings such as &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;no&quot;, etc. This module processes these kinds of strings and turns them into boolean input for Lua to process. It also returns &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; values as &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;, to allow for distinctions between &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;. The module also accepts other Lua structures as input, i.e. booleans, numbers, tables, and functions. If it is passed input that it does not recognise as boolean or &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;, it is possible to specify a default value to return.

== Syntax ==

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;yesno(value, default)&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt; is the value to be tested. Boolean input or boolean-style input (see below) always evaluates to either &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; always evaluates to &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;. Other values evaluate to &lt;code&gt;default&lt;/code&gt;.

== Usage ==

First, load the module. Note that it can only be loaded from other Lua modules, not from normal wiki pages. For normal wiki pages you can use {{tl|yesno}} instead.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Some input values always return &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, and some always return &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; values always return &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
-- These always return true:
yesno('yes')
yesno('y')
yesno('true')
yesno('t')
yesno('1')
yesno(1)
yesno(true)

-- These always return false:
yesno('no')
yesno('n')
yesno('false')
yesno('f')
yesno('0')
yesno(0)
yesno(false)

-- A nil value always returns nil:
yesno(nil)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

String values are converted to lower case before they are matched:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
-- These always return true:
yesno('Yes')
yesno('YES')
yesno('yEs')
yesno('Y')
yesno('tRuE')

-- These always return false:
yesno('No')
yesno('NO')
yesno('nO')
yesno('N')
yesno('fALsE')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

You can specify a default value if yesno receives input other than that listed above. If you don't supply a default, the module will return &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; for these inputs.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
-- These return nil:
yesno('foo')
yesno({})
yesno(5)
yesno(function() return 'This is a function.' end)

-- These return true:
yesno('foo', true)
yesno({}, true)
yesno(5, true)
yesno(function() return 'This is a function.' end, true)

-- These return &quot;bar&quot;:
yesno('foo', 'bar')
yesno({}, 'bar')
yesno(5, 'bar')
yesno(function() return 'This is a function.' end, 'bar')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Note that the blank string also functions this way:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
yesno('')        -- Returns nil.
yesno('', true)  -- Returns true.
yesno('', 'bar') -- Returns &quot;bar&quot;.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Although the blank string usually evaluates to false in wikitext, it evaluates to true in Lua. This module prefers the Lua behaviour over the wikitext behaviour. If treating the blank string as false is important for your module, you will need to remove blank arguments at an earlier stage of processing.&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
[[Category:Lua metamodules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>3m1xtcydtd91gha0z92f1rg4kluowfi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Arguments</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3088</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8467</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:34:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-- This module provides easy processing of arguments passed to Scribunto from -- #invoke. It is intended for use by other Lua modules, and should not be -- called fr...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="10054" xml:space="preserve">-- This module provides easy processing of arguments passed to Scribunto from
-- #invoke. It is intended for use by other Lua modules, and should not be
-- called from #invoke directly.

local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType

local arguments = {}

-- Generate four different tidyVal functions, so that we don't have to check the
-- options every time we call it.

local function tidyValDefault(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		val = val:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
		if val == '' then
			return nil
		else
			return val
		end
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValTrimOnly(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		return val:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValRemoveBlanksOnly(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		if val:find('%S') then
			return val
		else
			return nil
		end
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValNoChange(key, val)
	return val
end

local function matchesTitle(given, title)
	local tp = type( given )
	return (tp == 'string' or tp == 'number') and mw.title.new( given ).prefixedText == title
end

local translate_mt = { __index = function(t, k) return k end }

function arguments.getArgs(frame, options)
	checkType('getArgs', 1, frame, 'table', true)
	checkType('getArgs', 2, options, 'table', true)
	frame = frame or {}
	options = options or {}

	--[[
	-- Set up argument translation.
	--]]
	options.translate = options.translate or {}
	if getmetatable(options.translate) == nil then
		setmetatable(options.translate, translate_mt)
	end
	if options.backtranslate == nil then
		options.backtranslate = {}
		for k,v in pairs(options.translate) do
			options.backtranslate[v] = k
		end
	end
	if options.backtranslate and getmetatable(options.backtranslate) == nil then
		setmetatable(options.backtranslate, {
			__index = function(t, k)
				if options.translate[k] ~= k then
					return nil
				else
					return k
				end
			end
		})
	end

	--[[
	-- Get the argument tables. If we were passed a valid frame object, get the
	-- frame arguments (fargs) and the parent frame arguments (pargs), depending
	-- on the options set and on the parent frame's availability. If we weren't
	-- passed a valid frame object, we are being called from another Lua module
	-- or from the debug console, so assume that we were passed a table of args
	-- directly, and assign it to a new variable (luaArgs).
	--]]
	local fargs, pargs, luaArgs
	if type(frame.args) == 'table' and type(frame.getParent) == 'function' then
		if options.wrappers then
			--[[
			-- The wrappers option makes Module:Arguments look up arguments in
			-- either the frame argument table or the parent argument table, but
			-- not both. This means that users can use either the #invoke syntax
			-- or a wrapper template without the loss of performance associated
			-- with looking arguments up in both the frame and the parent frame.
			-- Module:Arguments will look up arguments in the parent frame
			-- if it finds the parent frame's title in options.wrapper;
			-- otherwise it will look up arguments in the frame object passed
			-- to getArgs.
			--]]
			local parent = frame:getParent()
			if not parent then
				fargs = frame.args
			else
				local title = parent:getTitle():gsub('/sandbox$', '')
				local found = false
				if matchesTitle(options.wrappers, title) then
					found = true
				elseif type(options.wrappers) == 'table' then
					for _,v in pairs(options.wrappers) do
						if matchesTitle(v, title) then
							found = true
							break
						end
					end
				end

				-- We test for false specifically here so that nil (the default) acts like true.
				if found or options.frameOnly == false then
					pargs = parent.args
				end
				if not found or options.parentOnly == false then
					fargs = frame.args
				end
			end
		else
			-- options.wrapper isn't set, so check the other options.
			if not options.parentOnly then
				fargs = frame.args
			end
			if not options.frameOnly then
				local parent = frame:getParent()
				pargs = parent and parent.args or nil
			end
		end
		if options.parentFirst then
			fargs, pargs = pargs, fargs
		end
	else
		luaArgs = frame
	end

	-- Set the order of precedence of the argument tables. If the variables are
	-- nil, nothing will be added to the table, which is how we avoid clashes
	-- between the frame/parent args and the Lua args.
	local argTables = {fargs}
	argTables[#argTables + 1] = pargs
	argTables[#argTables + 1] = luaArgs

	--[[
	-- Generate the tidyVal function. If it has been specified by the user, we
	-- use that; if not, we choose one of four functions depending on the
	-- options chosen. This is so that we don't have to call the options table
	-- every time the function is called.
	--]]
	local tidyVal = options.valueFunc
	if tidyVal then
		if type(tidyVal) ~= 'function' then
			error(
				&quot;bad value assigned to option 'valueFunc'&quot;
					.. '(function expected, got '
					.. type(tidyVal)
					.. ')',
				2
			)
		end
	elseif options.trim ~= false then
		if options.removeBlanks ~= false then
			tidyVal = tidyValDefault
		else
			tidyVal = tidyValTrimOnly
		end
	else
		if options.removeBlanks ~= false then
			tidyVal = tidyValRemoveBlanksOnly
		else
			tidyVal = tidyValNoChange
		end
	end

	--[[
	-- Set up the args, metaArgs and nilArgs tables. args will be the one
	-- accessed from functions, and metaArgs will hold the actual arguments. Nil
	-- arguments are memoized in nilArgs, and the metatable connects all of them
	-- together.
	--]]
	local args, metaArgs, nilArgs, metatable = {}, {}, {}, {}
	setmetatable(args, metatable)

	local function mergeArgs(tables)
		--[[
		-- Accepts multiple tables as input and merges their keys and values
		-- into one table. If a value is already present it is not overwritten;
		-- tables listed earlier have precedence. We are also memoizing nil
		-- values, which can be overwritten if they are 's' (soft).
		--]]
		for _, t in ipairs(tables) do
			for key, val in pairs(t) do
				if metaArgs[key] == nil and nilArgs[key] ~= 'h' then
					local tidiedVal = tidyVal(key, val)
					if tidiedVal == nil then
						nilArgs[key] = 's'
					else
						metaArgs[key] = tidiedVal
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end

	--[[
	-- Define metatable behaviour. Arguments are memoized in the metaArgs table,
	-- and are only fetched from the argument tables once. Fetching arguments
	-- from the argument tables is the most resource-intensive step in this
	-- module, so we try and avoid it where possible. For this reason, nil
	-- arguments are also memoized, in the nilArgs table. Also, we keep a record
	-- in the metatable of when pairs and ipairs have been called, so we do not
	-- run pairs and ipairs on the argument tables more than once. We also do
	-- not run ipairs on fargs and pargs if pairs has already been run, as all
	-- the arguments will already have been copied over.
	--]]

	metatable.__index = function (t, key)
		--[[
		-- Fetches an argument when the args table is indexed. First we check
		-- to see if the value is memoized, and if not we try and fetch it from
		-- the argument tables. When we check memoization, we need to check
		-- metaArgs before nilArgs, as both can be non-nil at the same time.
		-- If the argument is not present in metaArgs, we also check whether
		-- pairs has been run yet. If pairs has already been run, we return nil.
		-- This is because all the arguments will have already been copied into
		-- metaArgs by the mergeArgs function, meaning that any other arguments
		-- must be nil.
		--]]
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			key = options.translate[key]
		end
		local val = metaArgs[key]
		if val ~= nil then
			return val
		elseif metatable.donePairs or nilArgs[key] then
			return nil
		end
		for _, argTable in ipairs(argTables) do
			local argTableVal = tidyVal(key, argTable[key])
			if argTableVal ~= nil then
				metaArgs[key] = argTableVal
				return argTableVal
			end
		end
		nilArgs[key] = 'h'
		return nil
	end

	metatable.__newindex = function (t, key, val)
		-- This function is called when a module tries to add a new value to the
		-- args table, or tries to change an existing value.
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			key = options.translate[key]
		end
		if options.readOnly then
			error(
				'could not write to argument table key &quot;'
					.. tostring(key)
					.. '&quot;; the table is read-only',
				2
			)
		elseif options.noOverwrite and args[key] ~= nil then
			error(
				'could not write to argument table key &quot;'
					.. tostring(key)
					.. '&quot;; overwriting existing arguments is not permitted',
				2
			)
		elseif val == nil then
			--[[
			-- If the argument is to be overwritten with nil, we need to erase
			-- the value in metaArgs, so that __index, __pairs and __ipairs do
			-- not use a previous existing value, if present; and we also need
			-- to memoize the nil in nilArgs, so that the value isn't looked
			-- up in the argument tables if it is accessed again.
			--]]
			metaArgs[key] = nil
			nilArgs[key] = 'h'
		else
			metaArgs[key] = val
		end
	end

	local function translatenext(invariant)
		local k, v = next(invariant.t, invariant.k)
		invariant.k = k
		if k == nil then
			return nil
		elseif type(k) ~= 'string' or not options.backtranslate then
			return k, v
		else
			local backtranslate = options.backtranslate[k]
			if backtranslate == nil then
				-- Skip this one. This is a tail call, so this won't cause stack overflow
				return translatenext(invariant)
			else
				return backtranslate, v
			end
		end
	end

	metatable.__pairs = function ()
		-- Called when pairs is run on the args table.
		if not metatable.donePairs then
			mergeArgs(argTables)
			metatable.donePairs = true
		end
		return translatenext, { t = metaArgs }
	end

	local function inext(t, i)
		-- This uses our __index metamethod
		local v = t[i + 1]
		if v ~= nil then
			return i + 1, v
		end
	end

	metatable.__ipairs = function (t)
		-- Called when ipairs is run on the args table.
		return inext, t, 0
	end

	return args
end

return arguments</text>
      <sha1>5qx9tzlul9ser30uxj9nbasjt92cevn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Arguments/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3089</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8468</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:34:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '  This module provides easy processing of arguments passed from #invoke. It is a meta-module, meant for use by other modules, and should not be called from #invoke d...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15759" xml:space="preserve">

This module provides easy processing of arguments passed from #invoke. It is a meta-module, meant for use by other modules, and should not be called from #invoke directly. Its features include:
* Easy trimming of arguments and removal of blank arguments.
* Arguments can be passed by both the current frame and by the parent frame at the same time. (More details below.)
* Arguments can be passed in directly from another Lua module or from the debug console.
* Arguments are fetched as needed, which can help avoid (some) problems with {{tag|ref}} tags.
* Most features can be customized.

== Basic use ==

First, you need to load the module. It contains one function, named &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the most basic scenario, you can use getArgs inside your main function. The variable &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; is a table containing the arguments from #invoke. (See below for details.)

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

However, the recommended practice is to use a function just for processing arguments from #invoke. This means that if someone calls your module from another Lua module you don't have to have a frame object available, which improves performance.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you want multiple functions to use the arguments, and you also want them to be accessible from #invoke, you can use a wrapper function.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function makeInvokeFunc(funcName)
	return function (frame)
		local args = getArgs(frame)
		return p[funcName](args)
	end
end

local p = {}

p.func1 = makeInvokeFunc('_func1')

function p._func1(args)
	-- Code for the first function goes here.
end

p.func2 = makeInvokeFunc('_func2')

function p._func2(args)
	-- Code for the second function goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Options ===

The following options are available. They are explained in the sections below.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	trim = false,
	removeBlanks = false,
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		-- Code for processing one argument
	end,
	frameOnly = true,
	parentOnly = true,
	parentFirst = true,
	wrappers = {
		'Template:A wrapper template',
		'Template:Another wrapper template'
	},
	readOnly = true,
	noOverwrite = true
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Trimming and removing blanks ===

Blank arguments often trip up coders new to converting MediaWiki templates to Lua. In template syntax, blank strings and strings consisting only of whitespace are considered false. However, in Lua, blank strings and strings consisting of whitespace are considered true. This means that if you don't pay attention to such arguments when you write your Lua modules, you might treat something as true that should actually be treated as false. To avoid this, by default this module removes all blank arguments.

Similarly, whitespace can cause problems when dealing with positional arguments. Although whitespace is trimmed for named arguments coming from #invoke, it is preserved for positional arguments. Most of the time this additional whitespace is not desired, so this module trims it off by default.

However, sometimes you want to use blank arguments as input, and sometimes you want to keep additional whitespace. This can be necessary to convert some templates exactly as they were written. If you want to do this, you can set the &lt;code&gt;trim&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;removeBlanks&lt;/code&gt; arguments to &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	trim = false,
	removeBlanks = false
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Custom formatting of arguments ===

Sometimes you want to remove some blank arguments but not others, or perhaps you might want to put all of the positional arguments in lower case. To do things like this you can use the &lt;code&gt;valueFunc&lt;/code&gt; option. The input to this option must be a function that takes two parameters, &lt;code&gt;key&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt;, and returns a single value. This value is what you will get when you access the field &lt;code&gt;key&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table.

Example 1: this function preserves whitespace for the first positional argument, but trims all other arguments and removes all other blank arguments.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if key == 1 then
			return value
		elseif value then
			value = mw.text.trim(value)
			if value ~= '' then
				return value
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Example 2: this function removes blank arguments and converts all arguments to lower case, but doesn't trim whitespace from positional parameters.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if not value then
			return nil
		end
		value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
		if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
			return value
		end
		return nil
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Note: the above functions will fail if passed input that is not of type &lt;code&gt;string&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;. This might be the case if you use the &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt; function in the main function of your module, and that function is called by another Lua module. In this case, you will need to check the type of your input. This is not a problem if you are using a function specially for arguments from #invoke (i.e. you have &lt;code&gt;p.main&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;p._main&lt;/code&gt; functions, or something similar).

{{cot|Examples 1 and 2 with type checking}}
Example 1:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if key == 1 then
			return value
		elseif type(value) == 'string' then
			value = mw.text.trim(value)
			if value ~= '' then
				return value
			else
				return nil
			end
		else
			return value
		end
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Example 2:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if type(value) == 'string' then
			value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
			if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
				return value
			else
				return nil
			end
		else
			return value
		end
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{cob}}

Also, please note that the &lt;code&gt;valueFunc&lt;/code&gt; function is called more or less every time an argument is requested from the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table, so if you care about performance you should make sure you aren't doing anything inefficient with your code.

=== Frames and parent frames ===

Arguments in the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table can be passed from the current frame or from its parent frame at the same time. To understand what this means, it is easiest to give an example. Let's say that we have a module called &lt;code&gt;Module:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;. This module prints the first two positional arguments that it is passed.

{{cot|Module:ExampleArgs code}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	local first = args[1] or ''
	local second = args[2] or ''
	return first .. ' ' .. second
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{cob}}

&lt;code&gt;Module:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt; is then called by &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;, which contains the code &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:ExampleArgs|main|firstInvokeArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This produces the result &quot;firstInvokeArg&quot;.

Now if we were to call &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;, the following would happen:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg secondTemplateArg
|}

There are three options you can set to change this behaviour: &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt;. If you set &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; then only arguments passed from the current frame will be accepted; if you set &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; then only arguments passed from the parent frame will be accepted; and if you set &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt; then arguments will be passed from both the current and parent frames, but the parent frame will have priority over the current frame. Here are the results in terms of &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;:

; frameOnly
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|}

; parentOnly
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| 
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

; parentFirst
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

Notes:
# If you set both the &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; options, the module won't fetch any arguments at all from #invoke. This is probably not what you want.
# In some situations a parent frame may not be available, e.g. if getArgs is passed the parent frame rather than the current frame. In this case, only the frame arguments will be used (unless parentOnly is set, in which case no arguments will be used) and the &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; options will have no effect.

=== Wrappers ===

The ''wrappers'' option is used to specify a limited number of templates as ''wrapper templates'', that is, templates whose only purpose is to call a module. If the module detects that it is being called from a wrapper template, it will only check for arguments in the parent frame; otherwise it will only check for arguments in the frame passed to getArgs. This allows modules to be called by either #invoke or through a wrapper template without the loss of performance associated with having to check both the frame and the parent frame for each argument lookup.

For example, the only content of [[Template:Side box]] (excluding content in {{tag|noinclude}} tags) is &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. There is no point in checking the arguments passed directly to the #invoke statement for this template, as no arguments will ever be specified there. We can avoid checking arguments passed to #invoke by using the ''parentOnly'' option, but if we do this then #invoke will not work from other pages either. If this were the case, the {{para|text|Some text}} in the code &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; would be ignored completely, no matter what page it was used from. By using the &lt;code&gt;wrappers&lt;/code&gt; option to specify 'Template:Side box' as a wrapper, we can make &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; work from most pages, while still not requiring that the module check for arguments on the [[Template:Side box]] page itself.

Wrappers can be specified either as a string, or as an array of strings.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	wrappers = 'Template:Wrapper template'
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	wrappers = {
		'Template:Wrapper 1',
		'Template:Wrapper 2',
		-- Any number of wrapper templates can be added here.
	}
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Notes:
# The module will automatically detect if it is being called from a wrapper template's /sandbox subpage, so there is no need to specify sandbox pages explicitly.
# The ''wrappers'' option effectively changes the default of the ''frameOnly'' and ''parentOnly'' options. If, for example, ''parentOnly'' were explicitly set to false with ''wrappers'' set, calls via wrapper templates would result in both frame and parent arguments being loaded, though calls not via wrapper templates would result in only frame arguments being loaded.
# If the ''wrappers'' option is set and no parent frame is available, the module will always get the arguments from the frame passed to &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt;.

=== Writing to the args table ===

Sometimes it can be useful to write new values to the args table. This is possible with the default settings of this module. (However, bear in mind that it is usually better coding style to create a new table with your new values and copy arguments from the args table as needed.)

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
args.foo = 'some value'
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

It is possible to alter this behaviour with the &lt;code&gt;readOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;noOverwrite&lt;/code&gt; options. If &lt;code&gt;readOnly&lt;/code&gt; is set then it is not possible to write any values to the args table at all. If &lt;code&gt;noOverwrite&lt;/code&gt; is set, then it is possible to add new values to the table, but it is not possible to add a value if it would overwrite any arguments that are passed from #invoke.

=== Ref tags ===

This module uses [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Metatables|metatables]] to fetch arguments from #invoke. This allows access to both the frame arguments and the parent frame arguments without using the &lt;code&gt;pairs()&lt;/code&gt; function. This can help if your module might be passed {{tag|ref}} tags as input.

As soon as {{tag|ref}} tags are accessed from Lua, they are processed by the MediaWiki software and the reference will appear in the reference list at the bottom of the article. If your module proceeds to omit the reference tag from the output, you will end up with a phantom reference - a reference that appears in the reference list, but no number that links to it. This has been a problem with modules that use &lt;code&gt;pairs()&lt;/code&gt; to detect whether to use the arguments from the frame or the parent frame, as those modules automatically process every available argument.

This module solves this problem by allowing access to both frame and parent frame arguments, while still only fetching those arguments when it is necessary. The problem will still occur if you use &lt;code&gt;pairs(args)&lt;/code&gt; elsewhere in your module, however.

=== Known limitations ===

The use of metatables also has its downsides. Most of the normal Lua table tools won't work properly on the args table, including the &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; operator, the &lt;code&gt;next()&lt;/code&gt; function, and the functions in the table library. If using these is important for your module, you should use your own argument processing function instead of this module.&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
[[Category:Lua metamodules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j4l6jb9uxferqgrn6279yq24juamh66</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Tag</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3090</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8469</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:35:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;span id=&quot;{{{name|Tag}}}_{{{1}}}&quot; style=&quot;{{{style|font: bold; background: #dddddd; }}}&quot;&gt;{{{pre|}}}{{{1}}}{{{post|}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="163" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span id=&quot;{{{name|Tag}}}_{{{1}}}&quot; style=&quot;{{{style|font: bold; background: #dddddd; }}}&quot;&gt;{{{pre|}}}{{{1}}}{{{post|}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>f6tvc8najgt4pqcu7pcg1y0fjala8yj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:X-larger</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3091</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8470</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:39:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 144%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}} pl:Sz...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="196" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 144%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}}
[[pl:Szablon:X-większy]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>q4tfmfy1hrty3rqpwmq99zpkrv4dclh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Xx-larger</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3092</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8471</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:40:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:182%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}} &lt;/noinc...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="170" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:182%;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{documentation|Template:x-smaller/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>oflskhpdqdiqrzlgjr1nyyhqfmr0lxy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Tl</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3093</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8472</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:41:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{[[Template:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]]}}&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{Documentation}}  &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">{{[[Template:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]]}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{Documentation}}

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ol1t4p5rix3sawawisp7kolp1s26zqz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Pmbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3094</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8473</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:42:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:Message box|pmbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="146" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Message box|pmbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>eznwuqfc04ntf92jum4k4dj9y57uyby</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Tmbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3095</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8474</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:43:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:Message box|tmbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="146" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Message box|tmbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jcav8pdjkvcwg8gc4m0b4gox7yjnxku</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Message box/configuration</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3096</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8475</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:44:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --                          Message box configuration                         -- --...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="6141" xml:space="preserve">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                          Message box configuration                         --
--                                                                            --
-- This module contains configuration data for [[Module:Message box]].        --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

return {
	ambox = {
		types = {
			speedy = {
				class = 'ambox-speedy',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			delete = {
				class = 'ambox-delete',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			content = {
				class = 'ambox-content',
				image = 'Ambox important.svg'
			},
			style = {
				class = 'ambox-style',
				image = 'Edit-clear.svg'
			},
			move = {
				class = 'ambox-move',
				image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg'
			},
			protection = {
				class = 'ambox-protection',
				image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg'
			},
			notice = {
				class = 'ambox-notice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default                     = 'notice',
		allowBlankParams            = {'talk', 'sect', 'date', 'issue', 'fix', 'subst', 'hidden'},
		allowSmall                  = true,
		smallParam                  = 'left',
		smallClass                  = 'mbox-small-left',
		substCheck                  = true,
		classes                     = {'metadata', 'ambox'},
		imageEmptyCell              = true,
		imageCheckBlank             = true,
		imageSmallSize              = '20x20px',
		imageCellDiv                = true,
		useCollapsibleTextFields    = true,
		imageRightNone              = true,
		sectionDefault              = 'article',
		allowMainspaceCategories    = true,
		templateCategory            = 'Article message templates',
	        templateCategoryRequireName = true,
		templateErrorCategory       = 'Article message templates with missing parameters',
		templateErrorParamsToCheck  = {'issue', 'fix', 'subst'},
		removalNotice               = '[[Help:Maintenance template removal|Learn how and when to remove this template message]]'
	},
	
	cmbox = {
		types = {
			speedy = {
				class = 'cmbox-speedy',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			delete = {
				class = 'cmbox-delete',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			content = {
				class = 'cmbox-content',
				image = 'Ambox important.svg'
			},
			style = {
				class = 'cmbox-style',
				image = 'Edit-clear.svg'
			},
			move = {
				class = 'cmbox-move',
				image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg'
			},
			protection = {
				class = 'cmbox-protection',
				image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg'
			},
			notice = {
				class = 'cmbox-notice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default              = 'notice',
		showInvalidTypeError = true,
		classes              = {'cmbox'},
		imageEmptyCell       = true
	},
	
	fmbox = {
		types = {
			warning = {
				class = 'fmbox-warning',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			editnotice = {
				class = 'fmbox-editnotice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			},
			system = {
				class = 'fmbox-system',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default              = 'system',
		showInvalidTypeError = true,
		classes              = {'fmbox'},
		imageEmptyCell       = false,
		imageRightNone       = false
	},
	
	imbox = {
		types = {
			speedy = {
				class = 'imbox-speedy',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			delete = {
				class = 'imbox-delete',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			content = {
				class = 'imbox-content',
				image = 'Ambox important.svg'
			},
			style = {
				class = 'imbox-style',
				image = 'Edit-clear.svg'
			},
			move = {
				class = 'imbox-move',
				image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg'
			},
			protection = {
				class = 'imbox-protection',
				image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg'
			},
			license = {
				class = 'imbox-license licensetpl',
				image = 'Imbox license.png' -- @todo We need an SVG version of this
			},
			featured = {
				class = 'imbox-featured',
				image = 'Cscr-featured.svg'
			},
			notice = {
				class = 'imbox-notice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default              = 'notice',
		showInvalidTypeError = true,
		classes              = {'imbox'},
		imageEmptyCell       = true,
		below                = true,
		templateCategory     = 'File message boxes'
	},
	
	ombox = {
		types = {
			speedy = {
				class = 'ombox-speedy',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			delete = {
				class = 'ombox-delete',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			content = {
				class = 'ombox-content',
				image = 'Ambox important.svg'
			},
			style = {
				class = 'ombox-style',
				image = 'Edit-clear.svg'
			},
			move = {
				class = 'ombox-move',
				image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg'
			},
			protection = {
				class = 'ombox-protection',
				image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg'
			},
			notice = {
				class = 'ombox-notice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default              = 'notice',
		showInvalidTypeError = true,
		classes              = {'ombox'},
		allowSmall           = true,
		imageEmptyCell       = true,
		imageRightNone       = true
	},
	
	tmbox = {
		types = {
			speedy = {
				class = 'tmbox-speedy',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			delete = {
				class = 'tmbox-delete',
				image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg'
			},
			content = {
				class = 'tmbox-content',
				image = 'Ambox important.svg'
			},
			style = {
				class = 'tmbox-style',
				image = 'Edit-clear.svg'
			},
			move = {
				class = 'tmbox-move',
				image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg'
			},
			protection = {
				class = 'tmbox-protection',
				image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg'
			},
			notice = {
				class = 'tmbox-notice',
				image = 'Information icon4.svg'
			}
		},
		default              = 'notice',
		showInvalidTypeError = true,
		classes              = {'tmbox'},
		allowSmall           = true,
		imageRightNone       = true,
		imageEmptyCell       = true,
		imageEmptyCellStyle  = true,
		templateCategory     = 'Talk message boxes'
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>rz63o9789otb966y0k5pcntqf0bl6te</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Message box/configuration/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3097</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8476</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:44:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13" xml:space="preserve">&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
      <sha1>kwp0q3fkczdiy8ifxu94k09p3aaxujm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Imbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3098</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8477</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:45:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:Message box|imbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="146" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Message box|imbox}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>90yqkd9klfkh2s7isb6vikemdvm668g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Caegory handler</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3099</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8478</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:46:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --                                                                            -- --...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7871" xml:space="preserve">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                                                                            --
--                              CATEGORY HANDLER                              --
--                                                                            --
--      This module implements the {{category handler}} template in Lua,      --
--      with a few improvements: all namespaces and all namespace aliases     --
--      are supported, and namespace names are detected automatically for     --
--      the local wiki. This module requires [[Module:Namespace detect]]      --
--      and [[Module:Yesno]] to be available on the local wiki. It can be     --
--      configured for different wikis by altering the values in              --
--      [[Module:Category handler/config]], and pages can be blacklisted      --
--      from categorisation by using [[Module:Category handler/blacklist]].   --
--                                                                            --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- Load required modules
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')

-- Lazily load things we don't always need
local mShared, mappings

local p = {}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function trimWhitespace(s, removeBlanks)
	if type(s) ~= 'string' then
		return s
	end
	s = s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
	if removeBlanks then
		if s ~= '' then
			return s
		else
			return nil
		end
	else
		return s
	end
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CategoryHandler class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local CategoryHandler = {}
CategoryHandler.__index = CategoryHandler

function CategoryHandler.new(data, args)
	local obj = setmetatable({ _data = data, _args = args }, CategoryHandler)
	
	-- Set the title object
	do
		local pagename = obj:parameter('demopage')
		local success, titleObj
		if pagename then
			success, titleObj = pcall(mw.title.new, pagename)
		end
		if success and titleObj then
			obj.title = titleObj
			if titleObj == mw.title.getCurrentTitle() then
				obj._usesCurrentTitle = true
			end
		else
			obj.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			obj._usesCurrentTitle = true
		end
	end

	-- Set suppression parameter values
	for _, key in ipairs{'nocat', 'categories'} do
		local value = obj:parameter(key)
		value = trimWhitespace(value, true)
		obj['_' .. key] = yesno(value)
	end
	do
		local subpage = obj:parameter('subpage')
		local category2 = obj:parameter('category2')
		if type(subpage) == 'string' then
			subpage = mw.ustring.lower(subpage)
		end
		if type(category2) == 'string' then
			subpage = mw.ustring.lower(category2)
		end
		obj._subpage = trimWhitespace(subpage, true)
		obj._category2 = trimWhitespace(category2) -- don't remove blank values
	end
	return obj
end

function CategoryHandler:parameter(key)
	local parameterNames = self._data.parameters[key]
	local pntype = type(parameterNames)
	if pntype == 'string' or pntype == 'number' then
		return self._args[parameterNames]
	elseif pntype == 'table' then
		for _, name in ipairs(parameterNames) do
			local value = self._args[name]
			if value ~= nil then
				return value
			end
		end
		return nil
	else
		error(string.format(
			'invalid config key &quot;%s&quot;',
			tostring(key)
		), 2)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:isSuppressedByArguments()
	return
		-- See if a category suppression argument has been set.
		self._nocat == true
		or self._categories == false
		or (
			self._category2
			and self._category2 ~= self._data.category2Yes
			and self._category2 ~= self._data.category2Negative
		)

		-- Check whether we are on a subpage, and see if categories are
		-- suppressed based on our subpage status.
		or self._subpage == self._data.subpageNo and self.title.isSubpage
		or self._subpage == self._data.subpageOnly and not self.title.isSubpage
end

function CategoryHandler:shouldSkipBlacklistCheck()
	-- Check whether the category suppression arguments indicate we
	-- should skip the blacklist check.
	return self._nocat == false
		or self._categories == true
		or self._category2 == self._data.category2Yes
end

function CategoryHandler:matchesBlacklist()
	if self._usesCurrentTitle then
		return self._data.currentTitleMatchesBlacklist
	else
		mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
		return mShared.matchesBlacklist(
			self.title.prefixedText,
			mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/blacklist')
		)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:isSuppressed()
	-- Find if categories are suppressed by either the arguments or by
	-- matching the blacklist.
	return self:isSuppressedByArguments()
		or not self:shouldSkipBlacklistCheck() and self:matchesBlacklist()
end

function CategoryHandler:getNamespaceParameters()
	if self._usesCurrentTitle then
		return self._data.currentTitleNamespaceParameters
	else
		if not mappings then
			mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
			mappings = mShared.getParamMappings(true) -- gets mappings with mw.loadData
		end
		return mShared.getNamespaceParameters(
			self.title,
			mappings
		)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:namespaceParametersExist()
	-- Find whether any namespace parameters have been specified.
	-- We use the order &quot;all&quot; --&gt; namespace params --&gt; &quot;other&quot; as this is what
	-- the old template did.
	if self:parameter('all') then
		return true
	end
	if not mappings then
		mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
		mappings = mShared.getParamMappings(true) -- gets mappings with mw.loadData
	end
	for ns, params in pairs(mappings) do
		for i, param in ipairs(params) do
			if self._args[param] then
				return true
			end
		end
	end
	if self:parameter('other') then
		return true
	end
	return false
end

function CategoryHandler:getCategories()
	local params = self:getNamespaceParameters()
	local nsCategory
	for i, param in ipairs(params) do
		local value = self._args[param]
		if value ~= nil then
			nsCategory = value
			break
		end
	end
	if nsCategory ~= nil or self:namespaceParametersExist() then
		-- Namespace parameters exist - advanced usage.
		if nsCategory == nil then
			nsCategory = self:parameter('other')
		end
		local ret = {self:parameter('all')}
		local numParam = tonumber(nsCategory)
		if numParam and numParam &gt;= 1 and math.floor(numParam) == numParam then
			-- nsCategory is an integer
			ret[#ret + 1] = self._args[numParam]
		else
			ret[#ret + 1] = nsCategory
		end
		if #ret &lt; 1 then
			return nil
		else
			return table.concat(ret)
		end
	elseif self._data.defaultNamespaces[self.title.namespace] then
		-- Namespace parameters don't exist, simple usage.
		return self._args[1]
	end
	return nil
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Exports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local p = {}

function p._exportClasses()
	-- Used for testing purposes.
	return {
		CategoryHandler = CategoryHandler
	}
end

function p._main(args, data)
	data = data or mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/data')
	local handler = CategoryHandler.new(data, args)
	if handler:isSuppressed() then
		return nil
	end
	return handler:getCategories()
end

function p.main(frame, data)
	data = data or mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/data')
	local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {
		wrappers = data.wrappers,
		valueFunc = function (k, v)
			v = trimWhitespace(v)
			if type(k) == 'number' then
				if v ~= '' then
					return v
				else
					return nil
				end
			else
				return v
			end
		end
	})
	return p._main(args, data)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>letwavu3yvlayfzew66uuwixmwebq5b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Caegory handler/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3100</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8479</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:46:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' This module implements the {{tl|category handler}} template. The category handler template helps other templates to automate both categorization and w:Wikipedia:C...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17398" xml:space="preserve">
This module implements the {{tl|category handler}} template. The category handler template helps other templates to automate both categorization and [[w:Wikipedia:Category suppression|category suppression]]. For information about using the category handler template in other templates, please see the '''[[Template:Category handler|template documentation]]'''. Keep reading for information about using the category handler module in other Lua modules, or for information on exporting this module to other wikis.

== Use from other Lua modules ==

=== When not to use this module ===

For cases where a module only needs to categorise in one of the namespaces main (articles), file (images) or category, then using this module is overkill. Instead, you can simply get a title object using [[rev:https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.getCurrentTitle#mw.title.getCurrentTitle|mw.title.getCurrentTitle]] and check the &lt;code&gt;nsText&lt;/code&gt; field. For example:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
if title.nsText == 'File' then
    -- do something
end
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
However, if your module needs to categorize in any other namespace, then we recommend you use this module, since it provides proper category suppression and makes it easy to select how to categorize in the different namespaces.

=== Namespaces ===

This module detects and groups all the different [[Wikisource:Namespace|namespaces]] used on Wikisource into several types. These types are used as parameter names in this module.

:'''main''' = Main/article space, as in normal Wikipedia articles.
:'''talk''' = Any talk space, such as page names that start with &quot;Talk:&quot;, &quot;User talk:&quot;, &quot;File talk:&quot; and so on.
:'''user, wikisource, file ...''' = The other namespaces except the talk pages. Namespace aliases are also accepted. See the table below for the full list.
:'''other''' = Any namespaces that were not specified as a parameter to the template. See examples below.

;List of possible namespace parameters
(excluding &lt;code&gt;''talk''&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;''other''&lt;/code&gt;)
{{#invoke:Namespace detect|table}}

=== Basic usage ===

This module takes two or more parameters. Here's an example using a hello world program:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'Hello world!'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above example uses the default settings for the category handler module. That means the example module will categorize on pages in the following namespaces: 
:'''main''', '''file''', '''help''', '''category''', '''portal''' and '''book'''
But it will ''not'' categorize in any other namespaces, e.g.:
:'''talk''', '''user''', '''wikisource''', '''mediawiki''', '''template''' ...

And it will ''not'' categorize on blacklisted pages. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] below.)

The reason the category handler module does not categorize in some of the namespaces is that in those namespaces most modules and templates are just demonstrated or listed, not used. Thus most modules and templates should not categorize in those namespaces. 

Any module or template that is meant for one or more of the namespaces where this module categorizes can use the basic syntax as shown above.

=== Advanced usage ===

This module takes one or more parameters named after the different page types as listed in section [[#Namespaces|namespaces]] above. By using those parameters you can specify exactly in which namespaces your template should categorize. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module meant for articles and talk pages.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in main (article) space
        talk = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- Categorize in talk space
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above module will only categorize in main and talk space. But it will not categorize on /archive pages since they are blacklisted. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] below.) And if you need to demonstrate (discuss) the module on a talkpage, then you can feed &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat='true'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to prevent that template from categorizing. (See section [[#Nocat|nocat]] below.) Like this:

&lt;pre&gt;
== My new module ==
Hey guys, have you seen my new module?
{{#invoke:mymodule|main|nocat=true}}
Nice, isn't it?
--~~~~
&lt;/pre&gt;

Sometimes we want to use the same category in several namespaces, then do like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in several namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = '[[Category:Somecat1]]',
        [ 1 ] = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- For help and user space
        help = 1,
        user = 1,
        talk = '', -- No categories on talk pages
        other = '[[Category:Somecat3]]', -- For all other namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the above example we use a numbered parameter to feed one of the categories, and then we tell this module to use that numbered parameter for both the help and user space.

The category handler module understands an unlimited number of numbered parameters.

The '''other''' parameter defines what should be used in the remaining namespaces that have not explicitly been fed data.

Note the empty but defined '''talk''' parameter. That stops this module from showing what has been fed to the '''other''' parameter, when in talk space.

The category handler module also has a parameter called '''all'''. It works like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        all = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in all namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above example will categorize in all namespaces, but not on blacklisted pages. If you want to demonstrate that module on a page, then use &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat=true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to prevent the template from categorizing. 

We suggest avoiding the '''all''' parameter, since modules and templates should preferably only categorize in the namespaces they need to.

The all parameter can also be combined with the rest of the parameters. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        all = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in all namespaces
        main = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- And add this in main space
        other = '[[Category:Somecat3]]', -- And add this in all other namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If the above module is placed on an article, then it will add the categories &quot;Somecat1&quot; and &quot;Somecat2&quot;. But on all other types of pages it will instead add &quot;Somecat1&quot; and &quot;Somecat3&quot;. As the example shows, the all parameter works independently of the rest of the parameters.

=== Subpages ===

The category handler module understands the '''subpage''' parameter. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        subpage = 'no' -- Don't categorize on subpages
        wikipedia = '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If &quot;&lt;code&gt;subpage='no'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template will ''not'' categorize on subpages. For the rare occasion you ''only'' want to categorize on subpages, then use &quot;&lt;code&gt;subpage='only'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. If '''subpage''' is empty or undefined then this template categorizes both on basepages and on subpages.

=== Blacklist ===

This module has a blacklist of the pages and page types where templates should not auto-categorize. Thus modules that use this meta-template will for instance not categorize on /archive pages and on the subpages of [[Wikipedia:Template messages]].

If you want a template to categorize on a blacklisted page, then feed &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;nocat = false&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to the module when you place it on the page, thus skipping the blacklist check. Note that this module only categorizes if it has data for the namespace. For instance, if the basic syntax is used (see [[#Basic usage|basic usage]] above), then even if you set &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; the template will not categorize on a talk page, since it has no data for talk pages. But it has data for help space, so on a blacklisted help page it will categorize.

The blacklist is located in the configuration table &lt;code&gt;cfg.blacklist&lt;/code&gt; near the top of the module code.

=== The &quot;nocat&quot; parameter ===

This module understands the '''nocat''' parameter:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template does ''not'' categorize.
* If '''nocat''' is &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; then this template categorizes as usual. 
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] above.)
* The nocat parameter also accepts aliases for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; as defined by [[Module:Yesno]], e.g. &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, &quot;true&quot;, and 1 for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, and &quot;no&quot;, &quot;n&quot;, &quot;false&quot;, and 0 for &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

Modules and templates that use {{tlf|category handler}} should forward '''nocat''', so they too understand '''nocat'''. The code &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = frame.args.nocat&lt;/code&gt;&quot; shown in the examples on this page does that.

=== The &quot;categories&quot; parameter ===

For backwards compatibility this module also understands the '''categories''' parameter. It works the same as '''nocat'''. Like this:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;categories = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template does ''not'' categorize. 
* If '''categories''' is empty or undefined then this template categorizes as usual. 
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;categories = true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages.
* The categories parameter also accepts aliases for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; as defined by [[Module:Yesno]], e.g. &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, &quot;true&quot;, and 1 for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, and &quot;no&quot;, &quot;n&quot;, &quot;false&quot;, and 0 for &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

=== The &quot;category2&quot; parameter ===

For backwards compatibility this template kind of supports the old &quot;category =&quot; parameter. But the parameter name &quot;category&quot; is already used in this module to feed category data for when in category space. So instead this template uses '''category2''' for the usage similar to '''nocat'''. Like this:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;category2 = ''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (empty but defined), or &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = 'no'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, or if '''category2''' is fed any other data (except as described in the next two points), then this template does ''not'' categorize.
* If '''category2''' is undefined or if &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = '¬'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, then this template categorizes as usual.
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = 'yes'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages.

=== Categories and text ===

Besides from categories, you can feed anything else to this module, for instance some text. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main

function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used on talk pages.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        talk = '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        other = '&lt;p class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;This module should only be used on talk pages.&lt;/p&gt;',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When the module code above is used on anything other than a talk page, it will look like this:

:This is a module used on talk pages.{{#invoke:category handler|main
| talk = [[Category:Somecat]]
| other = &lt;p class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;This module should only be used on talk pages.&lt;/p&gt;
| nocat = {{{nocat|}}} &lt;!--So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works--&gt;
}}

That text will not show on blacklisted pages, so don't use this method to show any important information. Feeding &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = 'true'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to the template hides the text, just as it suppresses any categories.

=== The &quot;page&quot; parameter ===

For testing and demonstration purposes this module can take a parameter named '''page'''. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = 'Category:Some cat',
        talk = 'Category:Talk cat',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat, -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
        page = 'User talk:Example'
    }
    return category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the above code we on purpose left out the brackets around the category names so we see the output on the page. No matter on what kind of page the code above is used it will return this:

:{{#invoke:category handler|main
| main = Category:Some cat
| talk = Category:Talk cat
| nocat = {{{nocat|}}}   &lt;!--So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works--&gt;
| page = User talk:Example
}}

The '''page''' parameter makes this module behave exactly as if on that page. Even the blacklist works. The pagename doesn't have to be an existing page.

If the '''page''' parameter is empty or undefined, the name of the current page determines the result.

You can make it so your module also understands the '''page''' parameter. That means you can test how your template will categorize on different pages, without having to actually edit those pages. Then do like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main

function p.main( frame )
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = 'Category:Some cat',
        talk = 'Category:Talk cat',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat, -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
        page = frame.args.page -- For testing
    }
    return category
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Parameters ===

List of all parameters:

* First positional parameter - for default settings
* subpage = 'no' / 'only'
* 1, 2, 3 ...
* all = '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* main = 1, 2, 3 ... / '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* ...
* other = 1, 2, 3 ... / '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* nocat = frame.args.nocat / true / false / 'yes' / 'no' / 'y' / 'n' / 'true' / 'false' / 1 / 0
* categories = frame.args.categories / false / true / 'no' / 'yes' / 'n' / 'y' / 'false' / 'true' / 0 / 1
* category2 = frame.args.category or '¬' / &lt;nowiki&gt; '' &lt;/nowiki&gt;/ 'no' / ''not defined'' / '¬' / 'yes'
* page  = frame.args.page / 'User:Example'

Note that empty values to the &quot;main&quot; ... &quot;other&quot; parameters have special meaning (see examples above). The &quot;all&quot; parameter doesn't understand numbered parameters, since there should never be a need for that.

== Exporting to other wikis ==

This module can be exported to other wikis by changing the configuration values in the &lt;code&gt;cfg&lt;/code&gt; table. All the variable values are configurable, so after the configuration values have been set there should be no need to alter the main module code. Details of each configuration value are included in the module code comments. In addition, this module requires [[Module:Namespace detect]] to be available on the local wiki.

== See also ==

* {{tl|Category handler}} – for using this module with templates, rather than Lua modules.
* [[w:Wikipedia:Category suppression|Wikipedia:Category suppression]] – The how-to guide.
* [[w:Wikipedia:WikiProject Category Suppression|Wikipedia:WikiProject Category Suppression]] – The WikiProject.
* [[w:Wikipedia:Namespace|Wikipedia:Namespace]] – Lists all the namespaces.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Formula:Category handler</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, and interwikis to Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
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      <text bytes="148" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, and interwikis to Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Category handler</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3102</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8483</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:49:08Z</timestamp>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --                                                                            -- --...'</comment>
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      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7871" xml:space="preserve">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                                                                            --
--                              CATEGORY HANDLER                              --
--                                                                            --
--      This module implements the {{category handler}} template in Lua,      --
--      with a few improvements: all namespaces and all namespace aliases     --
--      are supported, and namespace names are detected automatically for     --
--      the local wiki. This module requires [[Module:Namespace detect]]      --
--      and [[Module:Yesno]] to be available on the local wiki. It can be     --
--      configured for different wikis by altering the values in              --
--      [[Module:Category handler/config]], and pages can be blacklisted      --
--      from categorisation by using [[Module:Category handler/blacklist]].   --
--                                                                            --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- Load required modules
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')

-- Lazily load things we don't always need
local mShared, mappings

local p = {}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function trimWhitespace(s, removeBlanks)
	if type(s) ~= 'string' then
		return s
	end
	s = s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
	if removeBlanks then
		if s ~= '' then
			return s
		else
			return nil
		end
	else
		return s
	end
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CategoryHandler class
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local CategoryHandler = {}
CategoryHandler.__index = CategoryHandler

function CategoryHandler.new(data, args)
	local obj = setmetatable({ _data = data, _args = args }, CategoryHandler)
	
	-- Set the title object
	do
		local pagename = obj:parameter('demopage')
		local success, titleObj
		if pagename then
			success, titleObj = pcall(mw.title.new, pagename)
		end
		if success and titleObj then
			obj.title = titleObj
			if titleObj == mw.title.getCurrentTitle() then
				obj._usesCurrentTitle = true
			end
		else
			obj.title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
			obj._usesCurrentTitle = true
		end
	end

	-- Set suppression parameter values
	for _, key in ipairs{'nocat', 'categories'} do
		local value = obj:parameter(key)
		value = trimWhitespace(value, true)
		obj['_' .. key] = yesno(value)
	end
	do
		local subpage = obj:parameter('subpage')
		local category2 = obj:parameter('category2')
		if type(subpage) == 'string' then
			subpage = mw.ustring.lower(subpage)
		end
		if type(category2) == 'string' then
			subpage = mw.ustring.lower(category2)
		end
		obj._subpage = trimWhitespace(subpage, true)
		obj._category2 = trimWhitespace(category2) -- don't remove blank values
	end
	return obj
end

function CategoryHandler:parameter(key)
	local parameterNames = self._data.parameters[key]
	local pntype = type(parameterNames)
	if pntype == 'string' or pntype == 'number' then
		return self._args[parameterNames]
	elseif pntype == 'table' then
		for _, name in ipairs(parameterNames) do
			local value = self._args[name]
			if value ~= nil then
				return value
			end
		end
		return nil
	else
		error(string.format(
			'invalid config key &quot;%s&quot;',
			tostring(key)
		), 2)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:isSuppressedByArguments()
	return
		-- See if a category suppression argument has been set.
		self._nocat == true
		or self._categories == false
		or (
			self._category2
			and self._category2 ~= self._data.category2Yes
			and self._category2 ~= self._data.category2Negative
		)

		-- Check whether we are on a subpage, and see if categories are
		-- suppressed based on our subpage status.
		or self._subpage == self._data.subpageNo and self.title.isSubpage
		or self._subpage == self._data.subpageOnly and not self.title.isSubpage
end

function CategoryHandler:shouldSkipBlacklistCheck()
	-- Check whether the category suppression arguments indicate we
	-- should skip the blacklist check.
	return self._nocat == false
		or self._categories == true
		or self._category2 == self._data.category2Yes
end

function CategoryHandler:matchesBlacklist()
	if self._usesCurrentTitle then
		return self._data.currentTitleMatchesBlacklist
	else
		mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
		return mShared.matchesBlacklist(
			self.title.prefixedText,
			mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/blacklist')
		)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:isSuppressed()
	-- Find if categories are suppressed by either the arguments or by
	-- matching the blacklist.
	return self:isSuppressedByArguments()
		or not self:shouldSkipBlacklistCheck() and self:matchesBlacklist()
end

function CategoryHandler:getNamespaceParameters()
	if self._usesCurrentTitle then
		return self._data.currentTitleNamespaceParameters
	else
		if not mappings then
			mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
			mappings = mShared.getParamMappings(true) -- gets mappings with mw.loadData
		end
		return mShared.getNamespaceParameters(
			self.title,
			mappings
		)
	end
end

function CategoryHandler:namespaceParametersExist()
	-- Find whether any namespace parameters have been specified.
	-- We use the order &quot;all&quot; --&gt; namespace params --&gt; &quot;other&quot; as this is what
	-- the old template did.
	if self:parameter('all') then
		return true
	end
	if not mappings then
		mShared = mShared or require('Module:Category handler/shared')
		mappings = mShared.getParamMappings(true) -- gets mappings with mw.loadData
	end
	for ns, params in pairs(mappings) do
		for i, param in ipairs(params) do
			if self._args[param] then
				return true
			end
		end
	end
	if self:parameter('other') then
		return true
	end
	return false
end

function CategoryHandler:getCategories()
	local params = self:getNamespaceParameters()
	local nsCategory
	for i, param in ipairs(params) do
		local value = self._args[param]
		if value ~= nil then
			nsCategory = value
			break
		end
	end
	if nsCategory ~= nil or self:namespaceParametersExist() then
		-- Namespace parameters exist - advanced usage.
		if nsCategory == nil then
			nsCategory = self:parameter('other')
		end
		local ret = {self:parameter('all')}
		local numParam = tonumber(nsCategory)
		if numParam and numParam &gt;= 1 and math.floor(numParam) == numParam then
			-- nsCategory is an integer
			ret[#ret + 1] = self._args[numParam]
		else
			ret[#ret + 1] = nsCategory
		end
		if #ret &lt; 1 then
			return nil
		else
			return table.concat(ret)
		end
	elseif self._data.defaultNamespaces[self.title.namespace] then
		-- Namespace parameters don't exist, simple usage.
		return self._args[1]
	end
	return nil
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Exports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local p = {}

function p._exportClasses()
	-- Used for testing purposes.
	return {
		CategoryHandler = CategoryHandler
	}
end

function p._main(args, data)
	data = data or mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/data')
	local handler = CategoryHandler.new(data, args)
	if handler:isSuppressed() then
		return nil
	end
	return handler:getCategories()
end

function p.main(frame, data)
	data = data or mw.loadData('Module:Category handler/data')
	local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {
		wrappers = data.wrappers,
		valueFunc = function (k, v)
			v = trimWhitespace(v)
			if type(k) == 'number' then
				if v ~= '' then
					return v
				else
					return nil
				end
			else
				return v
			end
		end
	})
	return p._main(args, data)
end

return p</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Category handler/doc</title>
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    <id>3103</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8484</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:49:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' This module implements the {{tl|category handler}} template. The category handler template helps other templates to automate both categorization and w:Wikipedia:C...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17398" xml:space="preserve">
This module implements the {{tl|category handler}} template. The category handler template helps other templates to automate both categorization and [[w:Wikipedia:Category suppression|category suppression]]. For information about using the category handler template in other templates, please see the '''[[Template:Category handler|template documentation]]'''. Keep reading for information about using the category handler module in other Lua modules, or for information on exporting this module to other wikis.

== Use from other Lua modules ==

=== When not to use this module ===

For cases where a module only needs to categorise in one of the namespaces main (articles), file (images) or category, then using this module is overkill. Instead, you can simply get a title object using [[rev:https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.getCurrentTitle#mw.title.getCurrentTitle|mw.title.getCurrentTitle]] and check the &lt;code&gt;nsText&lt;/code&gt; field. For example:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
if title.nsText == 'File' then
    -- do something
end
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
However, if your module needs to categorize in any other namespace, then we recommend you use this module, since it provides proper category suppression and makes it easy to select how to categorize in the different namespaces.

=== Namespaces ===

This module detects and groups all the different [[Wikisource:Namespace|namespaces]] used on Wikisource into several types. These types are used as parameter names in this module.

:'''main''' = Main/article space, as in normal Wikipedia articles.
:'''talk''' = Any talk space, such as page names that start with &quot;Talk:&quot;, &quot;User talk:&quot;, &quot;File talk:&quot; and so on.
:'''user, wikisource, file ...''' = The other namespaces except the talk pages. Namespace aliases are also accepted. See the table below for the full list.
:'''other''' = Any namespaces that were not specified as a parameter to the template. See examples below.

;List of possible namespace parameters
(excluding &lt;code&gt;''talk''&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;''other''&lt;/code&gt;)
{{#invoke:Namespace detect|table}}

=== Basic usage ===

This module takes two or more parameters. Here's an example using a hello world program:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'Hello world!'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above example uses the default settings for the category handler module. That means the example module will categorize on pages in the following namespaces: 
:'''main''', '''file''', '''help''', '''category''', '''portal''' and '''book'''
But it will ''not'' categorize in any other namespaces, e.g.:
:'''talk''', '''user''', '''wikisource''', '''mediawiki''', '''template''' ...

And it will ''not'' categorize on blacklisted pages. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] below.)

The reason the category handler module does not categorize in some of the namespaces is that in those namespaces most modules and templates are just demonstrated or listed, not used. Thus most modules and templates should not categorize in those namespaces. 

Any module or template that is meant for one or more of the namespaces where this module categorizes can use the basic syntax as shown above.

=== Advanced usage ===

This module takes one or more parameters named after the different page types as listed in section [[#Namespaces|namespaces]] above. By using those parameters you can specify exactly in which namespaces your template should categorize. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module meant for articles and talk pages.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in main (article) space
        talk = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- Categorize in talk space
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above module will only categorize in main and talk space. But it will not categorize on /archive pages since they are blacklisted. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] below.) And if you need to demonstrate (discuss) the module on a talkpage, then you can feed &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat='true'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to prevent that template from categorizing. (See section [[#Nocat|nocat]] below.) Like this:

&lt;pre&gt;
== My new module ==
Hey guys, have you seen my new module?
{{#invoke:mymodule|main|nocat=true}}
Nice, isn't it?
--~~~~
&lt;/pre&gt;

Sometimes we want to use the same category in several namespaces, then do like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in several namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = '[[Category:Somecat1]]',
        [ 1 ] = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- For help and user space
        help = 1,
        user = 1,
        talk = '', -- No categories on talk pages
        other = '[[Category:Somecat3]]', -- For all other namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the above example we use a numbered parameter to feed one of the categories, and then we tell this module to use that numbered parameter for both the help and user space.

The category handler module understands an unlimited number of numbered parameters.

The '''other''' parameter defines what should be used in the remaining namespaces that have not explicitly been fed data.

Note the empty but defined '''talk''' parameter. That stops this module from showing what has been fed to the '''other''' parameter, when in talk space.

The category handler module also has a parameter called '''all'''. It works like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        all = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in all namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The above example will categorize in all namespaces, but not on blacklisted pages. If you want to demonstrate that module on a page, then use &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat=true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to prevent the template from categorizing. 

We suggest avoiding the '''all''' parameter, since modules and templates should preferably only categorize in the namespaces they need to.

The all parameter can also be combined with the rest of the parameters. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        all = '[[Category:Somecat1]]', -- Categorize in all namespaces
        main = '[[Category:Somecat2]]', -- And add this in main space
        other = '[[Category:Somecat3]]', -- And add this in all other namespaces
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If the above module is placed on an article, then it will add the categories &quot;Somecat1&quot; and &quot;Somecat2&quot;. But on all other types of pages it will instead add &quot;Somecat1&quot; and &quot;Somecat3&quot;. As the example shows, the all parameter works independently of the rest of the parameters.

=== Subpages ===

The category handler module understands the '''subpage''' parameter. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used in all namespaces.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        subpage = 'no' -- Don't categorize on subpages
        wikipedia = '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If &quot;&lt;code&gt;subpage='no'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template will ''not'' categorize on subpages. For the rare occasion you ''only'' want to categorize on subpages, then use &quot;&lt;code&gt;subpage='only'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. If '''subpage''' is empty or undefined then this template categorizes both on basepages and on subpages.

=== Blacklist ===

This module has a blacklist of the pages and page types where templates should not auto-categorize. Thus modules that use this meta-template will for instance not categorize on /archive pages and on the subpages of [[Wikipedia:Template messages]].

If you want a template to categorize on a blacklisted page, then feed &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;nocat = false&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to the module when you place it on the page, thus skipping the blacklist check. Note that this module only categorizes if it has data for the namespace. For instance, if the basic syntax is used (see [[#Basic usage|basic usage]] above), then even if you set &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; the template will not categorize on a talk page, since it has no data for talk pages. But it has data for help space, so on a blacklisted help page it will categorize.

The blacklist is located in the configuration table &lt;code&gt;cfg.blacklist&lt;/code&gt; near the top of the module code.

=== The &quot;nocat&quot; parameter ===

This module understands the '''nocat''' parameter:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template does ''not'' categorize.
* If '''nocat''' is &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt; then this template categorizes as usual. 
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages. (See section [[#Blacklist|blacklist]] above.)
* The nocat parameter also accepts aliases for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; as defined by [[Module:Yesno]], e.g. &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, &quot;true&quot;, and 1 for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, and &quot;no&quot;, &quot;n&quot;, &quot;false&quot;, and 0 for &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

Modules and templates that use {{tlf|category handler}} should forward '''nocat''', so they too understand '''nocat'''. The code &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = frame.args.nocat&lt;/code&gt;&quot; shown in the examples on this page does that.

=== The &quot;categories&quot; parameter ===

For backwards compatibility this module also understands the '''categories''' parameter. It works the same as '''nocat'''. Like this:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;categories = false&lt;/code&gt;&quot; then this template does ''not'' categorize. 
* If '''categories''' is empty or undefined then this template categorizes as usual. 
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;categories = true&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages.
* The categories parameter also accepts aliases for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; as defined by [[Module:Yesno]], e.g. &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, &quot;true&quot;, and 1 for &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;, and &quot;no&quot;, &quot;n&quot;, &quot;false&quot;, and 0 for &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

=== The &quot;category2&quot; parameter ===

For backwards compatibility this template kind of supports the old &quot;category =&quot; parameter. But the parameter name &quot;category&quot; is already used in this module to feed category data for when in category space. So instead this template uses '''category2''' for the usage similar to '''nocat'''. Like this:

* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;category2 = ''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (empty but defined), or &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = 'no'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, or if '''category2''' is fed any other data (except as described in the next two points), then this template does ''not'' categorize.
* If '''category2''' is undefined or if &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = '¬'&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, then this template categorizes as usual.
* If &quot;&lt;code&gt;category2 = 'yes'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; this template categorizes even when on blacklisted pages.

=== Categories and text ===

Besides from categories, you can feed anything else to this module, for instance some text. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main

function p.main( frame )
    local result = 'This is a module used on talk pages.'
    local category = categoryHandler{
        talk = '[[Category:Somecat]]',
        other = '&lt;p class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;This module should only be used on talk pages.&lt;/p&gt;',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
    }
    category = category or '' -- Check that we don't have a nil value for the category variable.
    return result .. category
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When the module code above is used on anything other than a talk page, it will look like this:

:This is a module used on talk pages.{{#invoke:category handler|main
| talk = [[Category:Somecat]]
| other = &lt;p class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;This module should only be used on talk pages.&lt;/p&gt;
| nocat = {{{nocat|}}} &lt;!--So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works--&gt;
}}

That text will not show on blacklisted pages, so don't use this method to show any important information. Feeding &quot;&lt;code&gt;nocat = 'true'&lt;/code&gt;&quot; to the template hides the text, just as it suppresses any categories.

=== The &quot;page&quot; parameter ===

For testing and demonstration purposes this module can take a parameter named '''page'''. Like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main
 
function p.main( frame )
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = 'Category:Some cat',
        talk = 'Category:Talk cat',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat, -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
        page = 'User talk:Example'
    }
    return category
end
 
return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the above code we on purpose left out the brackets around the category names so we see the output on the page. No matter on what kind of page the code above is used it will return this:

:{{#invoke:category handler|main
| main = Category:Some cat
| talk = Category:Talk cat
| nocat = {{{nocat|}}}   &lt;!--So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works--&gt;
| page = User talk:Example
}}

The '''page''' parameter makes this module behave exactly as if on that page. Even the blacklist works. The pagename doesn't have to be an existing page.

If the '''page''' parameter is empty or undefined, the name of the current page determines the result.

You can make it so your module also understands the '''page''' parameter. That means you can test how your template will categorize on different pages, without having to actually edit those pages. Then do like this:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
p = {}
local categoryHandler = require( 'Module:Category handler' ).main

function p.main( frame )
    local category = categoryHandler{
        main = 'Category:Some cat',
        talk = 'Category:Talk cat',
        nocat = frame.args.nocat, -- So &quot;nocat=true/false&quot; works
        page = frame.args.page -- For testing
    }
    return category
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Parameters ===

List of all parameters:

* First positional parameter - for default settings
* subpage = 'no' / 'only'
* 1, 2, 3 ...
* all = '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* main = 1, 2, 3 ... / '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* ...
* other = 1, 2, 3 ... / '&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Somecat]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;' / 'Text'
* nocat = frame.args.nocat / true / false / 'yes' / 'no' / 'y' / 'n' / 'true' / 'false' / 1 / 0
* categories = frame.args.categories / false / true / 'no' / 'yes' / 'n' / 'y' / 'false' / 'true' / 0 / 1
* category2 = frame.args.category or '¬' / &lt;nowiki&gt; '' &lt;/nowiki&gt;/ 'no' / ''not defined'' / '¬' / 'yes'
* page  = frame.args.page / 'User:Example'

Note that empty values to the &quot;main&quot; ... &quot;other&quot; parameters have special meaning (see examples above). The &quot;all&quot; parameter doesn't understand numbered parameters, since there should never be a need for that.

== Exporting to other wikis ==

This module can be exported to other wikis by changing the configuration values in the &lt;code&gt;cfg&lt;/code&gt; table. All the variable values are configurable, so after the configuration values have been set there should be no need to alter the main module code. Details of each configuration value are included in the module code comments. In addition, this module requires [[Module:Namespace detect]] to be available on the local wiki.

== See also ==

* {{tl|Category handler}} – for using this module with templates, rather than Lua modules.
* [[w:Wikipedia:Category suppression|Wikipedia:Category suppression]] – The how-to guide.
* [[w:Wikipedia:WikiProject Category Suppression|Wikipedia:WikiProject Category Suppression]] – The WikiProject.
* [[w:Wikipedia:Namespace|Wikipedia:Namespace]] – Lists all the namespaces.</text>
      <sha1>qnhta7fq98wrw6iibgz9z8pjjqeys5l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Titulus</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3104</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8489</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:55:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'p = {}  function p.titulus(frame)     pframe = frame:getParent()     config = frame.args     args = pframe.args     --template parameters 	operaetitulus = config[&quot;Op...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="15121" xml:space="preserve">p = {}

function p.titulus(frame)
    pframe = frame:getParent()
    config = frame.args
    args = pframe.args
   
--template parameters
	operaetitulus = config[&quot;OperaeTitulus&quot;]
	subtitulus = config[&quot;SubTitulus&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	scriptor = config[&quot;Scriptor&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	liber = config[&quot;Liber&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	annus = config[&quot;Annus&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	annusmonstratus = config[&quot;AnnusMonstratus&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	operaewikipagina = config[&quot;OperaeWikiPagina&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	fons = config[&quot;Fons&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	editio = config[&quot;Editio&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	recensor = config[&quot;Recensor&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	genera = config[&quot;Genera&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	frons = config[&quot;Frons&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
	scriptor2 = config[&quot;Scriptor2&quot;]
	scriptor3 = config[&quot;Scriptor3&quot;]
	scriptor4 = config[&quot;Scriptor4&quot;]
	scriptor5 = config[&quot;Scriptor5&quot;]
	scriptor6 = config[&quot;Scriptor6&quot;]
	
--initializes internal variables, for ease of concatenation
	categoriaomnia=&quot;&quot;; categoriacapiti = &quot;&quot;; categoriascriptoris = &quot;&quot;; categorialibri = &quot;&quot;; anninumerus = &quot;&quot;; categoriaanni = &quot;&quot;; categoriagenerum = &quot;&quot;
	nexusscriptoris2 = &quot;&quot;; nexusscriptoris3 = &quot;&quot;; nexusscriptoris4 = &quot;&quot;; nexusscriptoris5 = &quot;&quot;; nexusscriptoris6 = &quot;&quot;
	categoriascriptoris2 = &quot;&quot;; categoriascriptoris3 = &quot;&quot;; categoriascriptoris4 = &quot;&quot;; categoriascriptoris5 = &quot;&quot;; categoriascriptoris6 = &quot;&quot;
--fetches the title of the page
	titulus = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text
	
--checks if the page is a subpage, i.e. if it has slashes /
	if mw.ustring.find(titulus, &quot;/&quot;) then
		subpagina = true
	else
		subpagina = false
	end
	
--Generating the strings that translate the templates' parameters

--SCRIPTOR (author of the work)
	if scriptor == &quot;Anonimus&quot; or scriptor == &quot;0&quot; then --for anonimous works
		nexusscriptoris= &quot;Sine Nomine&quot;; 
		categoriascriptoris = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine nomine scripta|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot; --adds the work in the Categoria:Opera sine nomine scripta
			
	else --when the author is known
		nexusscriptoris = &quot;[[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor).isRedirect then
			scriptor = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor = string.gsub(scriptor, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot; --adds the work in the author's category
	end
	
--SCRIPTOR2, 3 etc., for works with more authors (up to 5)
	if scriptor2 ~= &quot;0&quot; then --2
		nexusscriptoris2 = &quot;, [[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor2.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor2.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor2).isRedirect then
			scriptor2 = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor2).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor2 = string.gsub(scriptor2, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris2 = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor2.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	if scriptor3 ~= &quot;0&quot; then --3
		nexusscriptoris3 = &quot;, [[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor3.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor3.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor3).isRedirect then
			scriptor3 = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor3).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor3 = string.gsub(scriptor3, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris3 = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor3.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	if scriptor4 ~= &quot;0&quot; then --4
		nexusscriptoris4 = &quot;, [[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor4.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor4.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor4).isRedirect then
			scriptor4 = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor4).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor4 = string.gsub(scriptor4, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris2 = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor4.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	if scriptor5 ~= &quot;0&quot; then --5
		nexusscriptoris5 = &quot;, [[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor5.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor5.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor5).isRedirect then
			scriptor5 = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor5).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor5 = string.gsub(scriptor5, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris5 = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor5.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	if scriptor6 ~= &quot;0&quot; then --6
		nexusscriptoris6 = &quot;, [[Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor6.. &quot;|&quot;.. scriptor6.. &quot;]]&quot;; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;..scriptor6).isRedirect then
			scriptor6 = tostring(mw.title.new(&quot;Scriptor:&quot;.. scriptor6).redirectTarget) --fixes the scriptor's name, if redirect, to insert it in the category
			scriptor6 = string.gsub(scriptor6, &quot;Scriptor:&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		end
		categoriascriptoris6 = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera quae &quot;.. scriptor6.. &quot; scripsit|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end

--OPERAETITULUS (title oh the work)
	if operaetitulus == &quot;0&quot; then error('quaeso titulum operis in campo |OperaeTitulus= insere') end --if the title is not specified, calls for error

	if subpagina == false then --if the page is not a subpage
		nexusoperaetituli = operaetitulus --does not gerate a link
	elseif subpagina == true then --if the page is a subpage
		if operaewikipagina &gt; &quot;0&quot; then 
			nexusoperaetituli = &quot;[[&quot;.. operaewikipagina.. &quot;|&quot;.. operaetitulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
		else
			nexusoperaetituli = &quot;[[&quot;.. operaetitulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
		end
	end
	
--SUBTITULUS (subtitle of the work)
	if subtitulus ~= &quot;0&quot; then
		nexussubtituli = subtitulus
	else
		nexussubtituli = &quot;&quot;
	end
	
--ANNUS (publication year)
	if annus ~= &quot;0&quot; then --if the &quot;annus&quot; parameter is defined...
		if annusmonstratus &gt; &quot;0&quot; then
			nexusanni = annusmonstratus --visualizes a different value from that used for categorizations, for cases like &quot;inter 1650 et 1655&quot; or similar
		else
			nexusanni = annus --the year will be visualized just as inserted in the template
		end
		if mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;aCn&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a.C.n.&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a C n&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a. C. n.&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a. Ch. n.&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a.Ch.n.&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;a.Ch&quot;) or mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;aCh&quot;) then --looks for posssible permutations of &quot;a.C.n.&quot;
			acn = &quot; ante Christum&quot;
		else 
			acn = &quot;&quot;
		end
		--looks for the century (which should be written in Roman numerals), and translates it into category description
		if mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XXI&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;primi vicesimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XX&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;vicesimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XIX&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;undevicesimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XVIII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;duodevicesimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XVII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;septimi decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XVI&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;sexti decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XIV&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;quarti decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XV&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;quinti decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XIII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;tertii decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;duodecimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;XI&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;undecimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;IX&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;noni&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;X&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;decimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;VIII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;octavi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;VII&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;septimi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;VI&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;sexti&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;IV&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;quarti&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;V&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;quinti&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;III&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;tertii&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;II&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;secundi&quot;
		elseif mw.ustring.find(annus, &quot;II&quot;) then
			saeculum = &quot;primi&quot;
			
		else --if there is not a roman numeral, will look for year number
			anninumerus = tonumber(string.gsub(annus, &quot;%D&quot;, &quot;&quot;), 10) --removes from &quot;annus&quot; anything that is not a digit; than translates the year into the corresponding century
			if anninumerus == nil then anninumerus = 0 end --avoids script error if the year is nonstandard (the page will go in Categoria:Saeculi incogniti opera)
			if anninumerus &lt;= 99 then
				saeculum = &quot;primi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 199 then
				saeculum = &quot;secundi&quot;	
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 299 then
				saeculum = &quot;tertii&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 399 then
				saeculum = &quot;quarti&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 499 then
				saeculum = &quot;quinti&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 599 then
				saeculum = &quot;sexti&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 699 then
				saeculum = &quot;septimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 799 then
				saeculum = &quot;octavi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 899 then
				saeculum = &quot;noni&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 999 then
				saeculum = &quot;decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1099 then
				saeculum = &quot;undecimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1199 then
				saeculum = &quot;duodecimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1299 then
				saeculum = &quot;tertii decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1399 then
				saeculum = &quot;quarti decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1499 then
				saeculum = &quot;quinti decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1599 then
				saeculum = &quot;sexti decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1699 then
				saeculum = &quot;septimi decimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1799 then
				saeculum = &quot;duodevicesimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1899 then
				saeculum = &quot;undevicesimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 1999 then
				saeculum = &quot;vicesimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 2099 then
				saeculum = &quot;primi vicesimi&quot;
			elseif anninumerus &lt;= 2199 then
				saeculum = &quot;secundi vicesimi&quot; --well, who knows...
			else --if cant' find the year, inserts the century as &quot;incognitus&quot;
				saeculum = &quot;incogniti&quot;
			end
		end
		categoriaanni = &quot;[[Categoria:Saeculi &quot;.. saeculum.. acn.. &quot; opera|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot; --generates the category by putting together the &quot;saeculum&quot; and the eventuale &quot;aCn&quot;

	else --if the annus parameter is not compiled, the year is unknown and the corresponding category is added
	nexusanni = &quot;anno incognito&quot;
	categoriaanni = &quot;[[Categoria:Saeculi incogniti opera|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	
--RECENSOR and EDITIO, for edition year and curator
	if recensor ~= &quot;0&quot; then
		editioest=true
		nexusrecensoris= &quot;[[Scriptor:&quot;.. recensor.. &quot;|&quot;.. recensor.. &quot;]] recensuit&quot;
	else
		nexusrecensoris = &quot;&quot;
	end
	if editio ~= &quot;0&quot; then
		if recensor &gt; &quot;0&quot; then comma = &quot;; &quot; else comma = &quot;&quot; end
		nexuseditionis= &quot;&lt;/br&gt;editio: &quot;.. editio.. comma
		categoriaeditionis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera cum editione|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	else
		nexuseditionis = &quot;editio: incognita&quot;
		categoriaeditionis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine editione|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
	
--FONS, generates a link to the source of the text
	if fons ~= &quot;0&quot; then
		nexusfontis = &quot;fons: &quot;.. fons
		categoriafontis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera cum fonte|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	else
		nexusfontis = &quot;fons: incognitus&quot; 
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Disputatio:&quot;..mw.title.getCurrentTitle().rootText).exists then --TEMPORARY PATCH (25/06/20): looks for the discussion page to add the &quot;sine fonte&quot; category
			categoriafontis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine fonte|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]] [[Categoria:Opera cum fonte in disputatione|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot; --this category is only a TEMPORARY working tool, the whole string will be deleted after all the works are properly categorized!
		else
			categoriafontis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine fonte|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
		end	
	end
	nexusfontis = nexusfontis.. categoriafontis
	--LIBER (generates a link to the scanned copy OR, lacking this, the discussion page)
	if liber ~= &quot;0&quot; then
	nexuslibri = &quot;fons: [[Liber:&quot;.. liber.. &quot;|librum vide]]&quot;
		if mw.title.new(&quot;Liber:&quot;..liber).exists then
			categoriafontis = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera cum libro digitale&quot;.. &quot;|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
		else
			error(&quot;Librum &quot;.. liber.. &quot; deest! - there is not such index!&quot;)
		end
	nexusfontis = nexuslibri.. categoriafontis
	end 

--GENERA (puts the page into the &quot;genera&quot; categories)
	if genera ~= &quot;0&quot; then --if the &quot;genera&quot; parameter is defined...
		genera = string.gsub(genera, &quot;, &quot;, &quot;,&quot;) --adjusts the commas
		genera = string.gsub(genera, &quot;,&quot;, &quot;]][[Categoria:&quot;) --splits the arguments, separated by commas, generating a category for each one
		categoriagenerum = &quot;[[Categoria:&quot;.. genera.. &quot;]]&quot;
	else --if the &quot;genera&quot; parameter is not defined...
		categoriagenerum = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine generibus]]&quot; --adds the corresponding category
	end
	
--FRONS (locates a front page for exports)
	if frons ~= &quot;0&quot; then
		nexusfrontis = frons
	else
		nexusfrontis = &quot;&quot;
	end
	
--puts the generic category &quot;Opera omnia&quot;, collecting all published works
	categoriaomnia = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera omnia&quot;.. &quot;|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	
--Retieves Wikidata item
	item = mw.wikibase.getEntity()	
	id = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage()
	
	if id == nil then
		wikidata_cat = &quot;[[Categoria:Opera sine re wikidata&quot;.. &quot;|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot;
	else
		wikidata_cat = &quot;&quot;
	end
			
	if subpagina == true then
	categoriacapiti = &quot;[[Categoria:Capita ex operibus&quot;.. &quot;|&quot;.. titulus.. &quot;]]&quot; --adds the &quot;capita&quot; (''chapter'') category 
	categoriascriptoris = &quot;&quot;
	categoriafontis = &quot;&quot;
	if annus == &quot;0&quot; then nexusanni = &quot;&quot; end
	categoriaanni = &quot;&quot;
	categoriagenerum = &quot;&quot;
	nexusfrontis = &quot;&quot;
	categoriaomnia = &quot;&quot;
	if editio == &quot;0&quot; then nexuseditionis = &quot;&quot; end
	if fons == &quot;0&quot; then nexusfontis = &quot;&quot; end
	if liber ~= &quot;0&quot; then nexusfontis = nexuslibri end
	categoriaeditionis = &quot;&quot;
	wikidata_cat = &quot;&quot;
	end


--builds the table
	tab = '&lt;div id=&quot;ws-data&quot; class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;display:none; speak:none&quot;&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;span id=&quot;ws-author&quot;&gt;'.. scriptor..  '&lt;/span&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;span id=&quot;ws-title&quot;&gt;'.. operaetitulus.. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;span id=&quot;ws-scan&quot;&gt;'.. liber.. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;span id=&quot;ws-year&quot;&gt;'.. annus.. '&lt;/span&gt;'
if nexusfrontis &gt; &quot;0&quot; then
	tab = tab.. '&lt;span id=&quot;ws-cover&quot;&gt;'.. nexusfrontis.. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
else
    tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
end
	tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;titulusHeaderBox&quot;&gt;'
    tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;padding:1ex;font-size:120%; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;'
    tab = tab.. categoriaomnia.. nexusscriptoris.. categoriascriptoris.. nexusscriptoris2.. categoriascriptoris2.. nexusscriptoris3.. categoriascriptoris3.. nexusscriptoris4.. categoriascriptoris4.. nexusscriptoris5.. categoriascriptoris5.. nexusscriptoris6.. categoriascriptoris6
    tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
    tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;padding:1ex;font-size:140%;font-variant:small-caps; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;'
	tab = tab.. nexusoperaetituli.. categoriacapiti.. categoriagenerum
	tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;padding:1ex;font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;'
    tab = tab.. nexussubtituli
    tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;padding:1ex; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;'
    tab = tab.. nexusanni.. categoriaanni
    tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
    tab = tab.. '&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; style=&quot;padding:1ex;font-size:65%; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;'
    tab = tab.. nexuseditionis.. nexusrecensoris.. categoriaeditionis.. &quot;&lt;/br&gt;&quot;.. nexusfontis.. wikidata_cat
    tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;div title=&quot;beginning&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	tab = tab.. '&lt;div class=&quot;text&quot;&gt;'
	
return tab
    
    end
return p</text>
      <sha1>k8dosoyzb84p8hqv40gm8o86fipwc6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Titulus/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3105</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8490</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-14T16:55:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '  This module provides easy processing of arguments passed from #invoke. It is a meta-module, meant for use by other modules, and should not be called from #invoke d...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15759" xml:space="preserve">

This module provides easy processing of arguments passed from #invoke. It is a meta-module, meant for use by other modules, and should not be called from #invoke directly. Its features include:
* Easy trimming of arguments and removal of blank arguments.
* Arguments can be passed by both the current frame and by the parent frame at the same time. (More details below.)
* Arguments can be passed in directly from another Lua module or from the debug console.
* Arguments are fetched as needed, which can help avoid (some) problems with {{tag|ref}} tags.
* Most features can be customized.

== Basic use ==

First, you need to load the module. It contains one function, named &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the most basic scenario, you can use getArgs inside your main function. The variable &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; is a table containing the arguments from #invoke. (See below for details.)

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

However, the recommended practice is to use a function just for processing arguments from #invoke. This means that if someone calls your module from another Lua module you don't have to have a frame object available, which improves performance.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	-- Main module code goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you want multiple functions to use the arguments, and you also want them to be accessible from #invoke, you can use a wrapper function.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function makeInvokeFunc(funcName)
	return function (frame)
		local args = getArgs(frame)
		return p[funcName](args)
	end
end

local p = {}

p.func1 = makeInvokeFunc('_func1')

function p._func1(args)
	-- Code for the first function goes here.
end

p.func2 = makeInvokeFunc('_func2')

function p._func2(args)
	-- Code for the second function goes here.
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Options ===

The following options are available. They are explained in the sections below.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	trim = false,
	removeBlanks = false,
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		-- Code for processing one argument
	end,
	frameOnly = true,
	parentOnly = true,
	parentFirst = true,
	wrappers = {
		'Template:A wrapper template',
		'Template:Another wrapper template'
	},
	readOnly = true,
	noOverwrite = true
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Trimming and removing blanks ===

Blank arguments often trip up coders new to converting MediaWiki templates to Lua. In template syntax, blank strings and strings consisting only of whitespace are considered false. However, in Lua, blank strings and strings consisting of whitespace are considered true. This means that if you don't pay attention to such arguments when you write your Lua modules, you might treat something as true that should actually be treated as false. To avoid this, by default this module removes all blank arguments.

Similarly, whitespace can cause problems when dealing with positional arguments. Although whitespace is trimmed for named arguments coming from #invoke, it is preserved for positional arguments. Most of the time this additional whitespace is not desired, so this module trims it off by default.

However, sometimes you want to use blank arguments as input, and sometimes you want to keep additional whitespace. This can be necessary to convert some templates exactly as they were written. If you want to do this, you can set the &lt;code&gt;trim&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;removeBlanks&lt;/code&gt; arguments to &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	trim = false,
	removeBlanks = false
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Custom formatting of arguments ===

Sometimes you want to remove some blank arguments but not others, or perhaps you might want to put all of the positional arguments in lower case. To do things like this you can use the &lt;code&gt;valueFunc&lt;/code&gt; option. The input to this option must be a function that takes two parameters, &lt;code&gt;key&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;value&lt;/code&gt;, and returns a single value. This value is what you will get when you access the field &lt;code&gt;key&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table.

Example 1: this function preserves whitespace for the first positional argument, but trims all other arguments and removes all other blank arguments.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if key == 1 then
			return value
		elseif value then
			value = mw.text.trim(value)
			if value ~= '' then
				return value
			end
		end
		return nil
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Example 2: this function removes blank arguments and converts all arguments to lower case, but doesn't trim whitespace from positional parameters.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if not value then
			return nil
		end
		value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
		if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
			return value
		end
		return nil
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Note: the above functions will fail if passed input that is not of type &lt;code&gt;string&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;nil&lt;/code&gt;. This might be the case if you use the &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt; function in the main function of your module, and that function is called by another Lua module. In this case, you will need to check the type of your input. This is not a problem if you are using a function specially for arguments from #invoke (i.e. you have &lt;code&gt;p.main&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;p._main&lt;/code&gt; functions, or something similar).

{{cot|Examples 1 and 2 with type checking}}
Example 1:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if key == 1 then
			return value
		elseif type(value) == 'string' then
			value = mw.text.trim(value)
			if value ~= '' then
				return value
			else
				return nil
			end
		else
			return value
		end
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Example 2:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	valueFunc = function (key, value)
		if type(value) == 'string' then
			value = mw.ustring.lower(value)
			if mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then
				return value
			else
				return nil
			end
		else
			return value
		end
	end
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{cob}}

Also, please note that the &lt;code&gt;valueFunc&lt;/code&gt; function is called more or less every time an argument is requested from the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table, so if you care about performance you should make sure you aren't doing anything inefficient with your code.

=== Frames and parent frames ===

Arguments in the &lt;code&gt;args&lt;/code&gt; table can be passed from the current frame or from its parent frame at the same time. To understand what this means, it is easiest to give an example. Let's say that we have a module called &lt;code&gt;Module:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;. This module prints the first two positional arguments that it is passed.

{{cot|Module:ExampleArgs code}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	local first = args[1] or ''
	local second = args[2] or ''
	return first .. ' ' .. second
end

return p
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{cob}}

&lt;code&gt;Module:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt; is then called by &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;, which contains the code &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:ExampleArgs|main|firstInvokeArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This produces the result &quot;firstInvokeArg&quot;.

Now if we were to call &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;, the following would happen:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg secondTemplateArg
|}

There are three options you can set to change this behaviour: &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt;. If you set &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; then only arguments passed from the current frame will be accepted; if you set &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; then only arguments passed from the parent frame will be accepted; and if you set &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt; then arguments will be passed from both the current and parent frames, but the parent frame will have priority over the current frame. Here are the results in terms of &lt;code&gt;Template:ExampleArgs&lt;/code&gt;:

; frameOnly
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|}

; parentOnly
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| 
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

; parentFirst
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 50em; max-width: 100%;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width: 60%;&quot; | Code
! style=&quot;width: 40%;&quot; | Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstInvokeArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ExampleArgs|firstTemplateArg|secondTemplateArg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| firstTemplateArg secondTemplateArg
|}

Notes:
# If you set both the &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;parentOnly&lt;/code&gt; options, the module won't fetch any arguments at all from #invoke. This is probably not what you want.
# In some situations a parent frame may not be available, e.g. if getArgs is passed the parent frame rather than the current frame. In this case, only the frame arguments will be used (unless parentOnly is set, in which case no arguments will be used) and the &lt;code&gt;parentFirst&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;frameOnly&lt;/code&gt; options will have no effect.

=== Wrappers ===

The ''wrappers'' option is used to specify a limited number of templates as ''wrapper templates'', that is, templates whose only purpose is to call a module. If the module detects that it is being called from a wrapper template, it will only check for arguments in the parent frame; otherwise it will only check for arguments in the frame passed to getArgs. This allows modules to be called by either #invoke or through a wrapper template without the loss of performance associated with having to check both the frame and the parent frame for each argument lookup.

For example, the only content of [[Template:Side box]] (excluding content in {{tag|noinclude}} tags) is &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. There is no point in checking the arguments passed directly to the #invoke statement for this template, as no arguments will ever be specified there. We can avoid checking arguments passed to #invoke by using the ''parentOnly'' option, but if we do this then #invoke will not work from other pages either. If this were the case, the {{para|text|Some text}} in the code &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; would be ignored completely, no matter what page it was used from. By using the &lt;code&gt;wrappers&lt;/code&gt; option to specify 'Template:Side box' as a wrapper, we can make &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Side box|main|text=Some text}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; work from most pages, while still not requiring that the module check for arguments on the [[Template:Side box]] page itself.

Wrappers can be specified either as a string, or as an array of strings.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	wrappers = 'Template:Wrapper template'
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local args = getArgs(frame, {
	wrappers = {
		'Template:Wrapper 1',
		'Template:Wrapper 2',
		-- Any number of wrapper templates can be added here.
	}
})
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Notes:
# The module will automatically detect if it is being called from a wrapper template's /sandbox subpage, so there is no need to specify sandbox pages explicitly.
# The ''wrappers'' option effectively changes the default of the ''frameOnly'' and ''parentOnly'' options. If, for example, ''parentOnly'' were explicitly set to false with ''wrappers'' set, calls via wrapper templates would result in both frame and parent arguments being loaded, though calls not via wrapper templates would result in only frame arguments being loaded.
# If the ''wrappers'' option is set and no parent frame is available, the module will always get the arguments from the frame passed to &lt;code&gt;getArgs&lt;/code&gt;.

=== Writing to the args table ===

Sometimes it can be useful to write new values to the args table. This is possible with the default settings of this module. (However, bear in mind that it is usually better coding style to create a new table with your new values and copy arguments from the args table as needed.)

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
args.foo = 'some value'
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

It is possible to alter this behaviour with the &lt;code&gt;readOnly&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;noOverwrite&lt;/code&gt; options. If &lt;code&gt;readOnly&lt;/code&gt; is set then it is not possible to write any values to the args table at all. If &lt;code&gt;noOverwrite&lt;/code&gt; is set, then it is possible to add new values to the table, but it is not possible to add a value if it would overwrite any arguments that are passed from #invoke.

=== Ref tags ===

This module uses [[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Metatables|metatables]] to fetch arguments from #invoke. This allows access to both the frame arguments and the parent frame arguments without using the &lt;code&gt;pairs()&lt;/code&gt; function. This can help if your module might be passed {{tag|ref}} tags as input.

As soon as {{tag|ref}} tags are accessed from Lua, they are processed by the MediaWiki software and the reference will appear in the reference list at the bottom of the article. If your module proceeds to omit the reference tag from the output, you will end up with a phantom reference - a reference that appears in the reference list, but no number that links to it. This has been a problem with modules that use &lt;code&gt;pairs()&lt;/code&gt; to detect whether to use the arguments from the frame or the parent frame, as those modules automatically process every available argument.

This module solves this problem by allowing access to both frame and parent frame arguments, while still only fetching those arguments when it is necessary. The problem will still occur if you use &lt;code&gt;pairs(args)&lt;/code&gt; elsewhere in your module, however.

=== Known limitations ===

The use of metatables also has its downsides. Most of the normal Lua table tools won't work properly on the args table, including the &lt;code&gt;#&lt;/code&gt; operator, the &lt;code&gt;next()&lt;/code&gt; function, and the functions in the table library. If using these is important for your module, you should use your own argument processing function instead of this module.&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
[[Category:Lua metamodules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j4l6jb9uxferqgrn6279yq24juamh66</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Degeneratio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3106</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8505</id>
      <parentid>8504</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-18T12:24:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Materiarum depositiones */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="183" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formula:NavigatioPatho}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

= Degeneratio =
== Materiarum depositiones ==
=== Hyalinum ===
=== Amyloidum ===
=== Fibrinoidum ===</text>
      <sha1>an2t3ngr1w0hpqycb4hrezushkqvutd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis/Formulae</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3107</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8501</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-18T12:14:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>formulam inst.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="44" xml:space="preserve">[[Categoria:Compendium pathologiae hominis]]</text>
      <sha1>8bql3vg3bjhg6ibap4jg6yidl6tjmy6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:NarrowColumn</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8544</id>
      <parentid>8542</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T20:16:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="180" xml:space="preserve">&lt;onlyinclude&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;NarrowColumn/Styles.css&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;regionContainer&quot;&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;columnContainer&quot;&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;headerContainer&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/onlyinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>exbkkxn5qmfxnwbst2d8jxidmqj5sws</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:NarrowCoumn</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3111</id>
    <redirect title="Formula:NarrowColumn" />
    <revision>
      <id>8514</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-18T20:53:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Formula:NarrowCoumn]] ad [[Formula:NarrowColumn]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Formula:NarrowColumn]]</text>
      <sha1>nnpxj2nlropplfff8yxnkqlyw52pfxi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:NarrowColumn/Styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3112</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8535</id>
      <parentid>8534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T18:24:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="468" xml:space="preserve">#pageContainer #regionContainer {width:36em; margin:0 auto 0 auto; font-family:Georgia,serif;}
#regionContainer {width:36em; margin:0 auto 0 auto; font-family:Georgia,serif;}
#columnContainer {text-align:justify;font-family:Georgia,serif;}
.sidenote-right {position:absolute; left:37em; width:16em; text-indent:0; text-align:left;}
.sidenote-left {position:absolute; left:37em; width:16em; text-indent:0; text-align:left;}
#headerContainer {font-family:Georgia,serif;}</text>
      <sha1>da59nkhcgsh8nkzrbe8nzq0bnoo6msp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:NarrowColumnEnd</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3113</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8531</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-21T14:57:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18" xml:space="preserve">&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
      <sha1>k4jwliksrb9wiqtkz44e1k2993ok58m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Small-caps</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3114</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8538</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T20:12:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;onlyinclude&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/onlyinclude&gt; {{documentation}}'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" xml:space="preserve">&lt;onlyinclude&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/onlyinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}</text>
      <sha1>dg9oby3w8c6i1t2mfv65o1eb3eqtsqu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:WSExport</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8546</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T21:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;span class=&quot;ws-noexport plainlinks noprint&quot;&gt;&lt;!-- --&gt;[[File:EPUB silk icon.svg|20px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=epub|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|f...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="937" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span class=&quot;ws-noexport plainlinks noprint&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;[[File:EPUB silk icon.svg|20px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=epub|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|format=epub|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}} EPUB]&lt;!--
--&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;[[File:Mobi icon.svg|28px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=mobi|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|format=mobi|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}} MOBI]&lt;!--
--&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;[[File:Pdf by mimooh.svg|20px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=pdf-a4|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|format=pdf-a4|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}} PDF]&lt;!--
--&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;[[File:Farm-Fresh file extension rtf.png|22px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=rtf|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|format=rtf|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}} RTF]&lt;!--
--&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;[[File:Text-txt.svg|24px|link={{WSExport/Link|format=txt|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[{{WSExport/Link|format=txt|pagina={{{pagina|}}}}} TXT]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>igkndwwnxw5yo1pnaq594ljh2q9hjih</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:WSExport/Link</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3116</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8547</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T21:15:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;https://tools.wmflabs.org/wsexport/tool/book.php?lang={{{lingua|la}}}&amp;format={{{format}}}&amp;page={{urlencode: {{#if: {{{pagina|}}} | {{{pagina}}} | {{PAGE...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="192" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;https://tools.wmflabs.org/wsexport/tool/book.php?lang={{{lingua|la}}}&amp;format={{{format}}}&amp;page={{urlencode: {{#if: {{{pagina|}}} | {{{pagina}}} | {{PAGENAMEE}} }} }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>7sk4735si1dw39ahibtg7p3ohmpxees</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Sc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3117</id>
    <redirect title="Formula:Small-caps" />
    <revision>
      <id>8551</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T21:37:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Redirigens ad [[Formula:Small-caps]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="33" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT: [[Formula:Small-caps]]</text>
      <sha1>0encr1a21e5dp0z00io7dq70dy39hlz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Center</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3118</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8554</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T21:48:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;div class=&quot;tiInherit&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}}}&quot;&gt; {{{1}}} &lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div class=&quot;tiInherit&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;{{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}}}&quot;&gt;
{{{1}}}
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>edyxqpd2ejana2y2ed5kyingrb8ygfc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:C</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3119</id>
    <redirect title="Formula:Center" />
    <revision>
      <id>8556</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-26T21:49:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Redirigens ad [[Formula:Center]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Formula:Center]]</text>
      <sha1>0twx19u9updrbvzozzt825f8qb26va7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:Wsexport about</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>3120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8566</id>
      <parentid>8560</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-27T22:03:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1535" xml:space="preserve">&lt;h1&gt;About this ebook&lt;/h1&gt;

Ce livre électronique est issu de la bibliothèque numérique [[Wikisource:Accueil|Wikisource]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://la.wikibooks.org&lt;/nowiki&gt;
&lt;/ref&gt;. Cette bibliothèque numérique multilingue, construite par des bénévoles, a pour but de mettre à la disposition du plus grand nombre tout type de documents publiés (roman, poèmes, revues, lettres, etc.)

Nous le faisons gratuitement, en ne rassemblant que des textes du domaine public ou sous licence libre. En ce qui concerne les livres sous licence libre, vous pouvez les utiliser de manière totalement libre, que ce soit pour une réutilisation non commerciale ou commerciale, en respectant les clauses de la licence [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.fr Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.fr&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ou, à votre convenance, celles de la licence [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU FDL]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;.

Wikisource est constamment à la recherche de nouveaux membres. N’hésitez pas à nous rejoindre. Malgré nos soins, une erreur a pu se glisser lors de la transcription du texte à partir du fac-similé. Vous pouvez nous signaler une erreur à [[Aide:Signaler une erreur|cette adresse]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Aide:Signaler_une_erreur&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;.

Les contributeurs suivants ont permis la réalisation de ce livre :
&lt;div id=&quot;ws-contributor&quot;&gt;{CONTRIBUTORS}
&lt;/div&gt;


----
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>amngsmomejw624whliva5j8muvyho6z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:Wsexport i18n.ini</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>3121</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8565</id>
      <parentid>8562</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-27T22:02:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="111" xml:space="preserve">title_page = &quot;Titulus&quot;
cover = &quot;Cover&quot;
exported_from_wikisource_the = &quot;Exported from la.wikibooks&quot;
about = &quot;de&quot;</text>
      <sha1>rmu6hrwgbcylcvtbzen4hh23xpc4vrs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>H:DIVSPAN</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3123</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10181</id>
      <parentid>10099</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-20T01:52:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Styyx</username>
        <id>2528</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Recensiones a conlatore [[Special:Contributions/122.180.192.90|122.180.192.90]] ([[User talk:122.180.192.90|Disputatio]]) factas in superiorem redactionem a conlatore [[User:JimKillock|JimKillock]] factam restitui</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5811" xml:space="preserve">{{process header
 | title    = Block and inline elements
 | section  = 
 | previous = [[Help:Templates]]
 | next     =
 | shortcut = [[H:DIVSPAN]]
 | notes    = This help page describes the difference between inline and block elements, and when the distinction is important.
}}

{{Nutshell|Do not place block elements (a.k.a. div-based templates like {{tl|center}}), tables, lists or paragraph breaks inside either inline elements (e.g. span-based templates like {{tl|smaller}}) or &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.}}

== Block and inline elements ==

Wikisource uses [[w:HTML|HTML]] to structure content and [[w:CSS|CSS]] to style it. Sometimes &quot;wikicode&quot; is used to simplify the HTML, but it's always rendered to HTML in the end.

HTML has two fundamental types of elements: inline elements and block elements. Generally, content is inline and block-level elements provide structure and grouping in the document. They have the following properties:

{| style=&quot;margin:auto;&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! !! Inline !! Block
|-
| '''Example HTML tags''' || span, b, i || div, p, table, li, hr, h1-6
|-
| '''Space taken''' || Take only the space they need || Expand to fill parent containers (by default)
|-
| '''New lines''' || Are in-line with surrounding elements || Cause a line break where they are inserted
|-
| '''Alignment''' || Aligned according to parent container || Can have their own internal alignment
|-
| '''Width''' || Based on the content || Default to the full width of the container. Can be set with CSS
|-
| '''Can contain''' || Inline elements only || Block and inline elements
|}

An HTML document is made up of block and inline elements nested inside each other. However, there is one important rule: it is not valid for an inline element to contain a block element. Inline elements can contain only other inline elements and block elements can contain either other block elements and/or inline elements.

If you do nest an inline element in a block element, it results in invalid HTML, which may not render correctly. It will also trigger a &quot;HTML5 misnesting lint error&quot;, and will be listed automatically at [[Special:LintErrors/html5-misnesting]].

It is possible to make inline elements be ''styled'' like block elements using the CSS &lt;code&gt;display&lt;/code&gt; property. However, even if you set an inline element to have &lt;code&gt;display:block;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;display:inline-block;&lt;/code&gt;, the HTML is still structurally malformed if a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag is placed inside it.

=== Paragraph tags ===

It is also invalid for any block element to be nested inside a paragraph(&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;p&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) tag, even though the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;p&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is itself a block element.

MediaWiki sometimes implicitly wraps text in &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;p&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags, which can occasionally cause issues, particularly with line-breaks in Wikicode inside templates that use &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;span&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. For example, the following would be incorrect:

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}

{{{2}}}
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

This is because a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;p&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will occur inside the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;span&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag.

If you only wanted a gap in the code for readability, you could use an HTML comment to avoid injecting a paragraph break:

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;!--

This is within a comment, it will not appear in the output
--&gt;{{{2}}}
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

if you actually want a paragraph break, then you should used a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, not a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;.

== Block and inline templates ==

Some Wikisource templates use inline elements (e.g. {{tl|smaller}}) and some use block templates (e.g. {{tl|center}}). This means that it is invalid to nest some templates inside others:

&lt;pre&gt;
{{center|  {{smaller| This is allowed: span inside div}}}}
{{smaller| {{center|  This is not allowed: div inside span}}}}
&lt;/pre&gt;

Some Wikicode constructs also end up as block-based HTML, and so they should never be placed inside an inline element:

&lt;pre&gt;
Paragraph breaks

like this result in &lt;p&gt; tags

* Lists are
* also block-based

{|
| As || are || tables
|}
&lt;/pre&gt;

Some inline span-based templates have block-based counterparts. For example, {{tl|smaller}} is span-based, and {{tl|smaller block}} is block-based.

You may nest block-based templates inside other block-based templates:

&lt;pre&gt;
{{smaller block| {{center| This is allowed: div inside div.}}}}
&lt;/pre&gt;

=== List of templates ===

Below is a non-exhaustive list of examples of common span and block templates:

&lt;div style=&quot;display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; justify-content:center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-right: 2em;&quot;&gt;
'''Inline (span-based) templates'''

* Font size templates:
** {{tl|smaller}}, {{tl|x-smaller}}, ...
** {{tl|larger}}, {{tl|x-larger}}, ...

* font style templates:
** {{tl|letter-spacing}}
** {{tl|small-caps}}, {{tl|uc}}, {{tl|lc}}
** {{tl|dropinitial}}, {{tl|largeinitial}} 
** {{tl|blackletter}}
** {{tl|greyed}}, {{tl|red}}, ...

* Inline items
** {{tl|gap}}
** {{tl|bar}}
** {{tl|illegible}}
** {{tl|redact}}

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left: 2em;&quot;&gt;
'''Block (div-based) templates'''

* Font size templates:
* {{tl|smaller block}}, {{tl|x-smaller block}}, ...
* {{tl|larger block}}, {{tl|x-larger block}}, ...

* Alignment
** {{tl|center}}, {{tl|right}} 
** {{tl|float left}}, {{tl|float right}}
** {{tl|block center}}

* Indentation
** {{tl|hanging indent}}, {{tl|text-indent}}

* Rules
** {{tl|rule}} (uses &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;)
** {{tl|***}}

* Columns
** {{tl|div col}}
** {{tl|multicol}}

* Tables and containers
** {{tl|AuxTOC}}
** {{tl|TOC begin}}
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== Further reading ==

* [https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_blocks.asp HTML Block and Inline Elements] at w3schools.com

[[Category:Help]]</text>
      <sha1>edaks5476goex68y2dtelhdl2gegcln</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Liber</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3125</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8576</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T11:47:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;{| class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px #aaa solid; padding-left:6px; padding-right:6px; margin-bottom:20...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1638" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{| class=&quot;ws-noexport&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px #aaa solid; padding-left:6px; padding-right:6px; margin-bottom:20px; margin-top:10px&quot;
{{#if:{{{AnteNomen|}}}|
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;[[Image:Fairytale left blue.png|link=|16px]]&amp;nbsp;&lt;small&gt;[[{{{AnteNomen}}}|{{{Ante|{{{AnteNomen}}}}}}]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
}}
{{#if:{{{PostNomen|}}}|
&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;[[{{{PostNomen}}}|{{{Post|{{{PostNomen}}}}}}]]&lt;/small&gt;&amp;nbsp;[[Image:Fairytale right blue.png|link=|16px]]&lt;/td&gt;
}}
|}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;__NOEDITSECTION__
{{Liber
 | Ante = {{{Ante}}}
 | AnteNomen = {{{AnteNomen}}}
 | Post = {{{Post}}}
 | PostNomen = {{{PostNomen}}}
}}
&lt;div class=&quot;toccolours&quot; style=&quot;clear:both; margin-bottom: 0.5em; font-size: 100%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;big&gt;'''Instructions''' - '''Istruzioni per l'uso''' - '''Anweisungen'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''(LA)''' Textum subiacentem repete et verba ''inclinata'' secundum necessitatem muta.&lt;br /&gt;
'''(IT)''' Ricopiare il testo sottostante e modificare le ''parole in corsivo'' in base alle esigenze.&lt;br /&gt;
'''(EN)''' Copy the text under the line a change ''italic words''.&lt;br /&gt;
'''(FR)''' Copiez le texte sous la ligne et changez le ''texte italique''&lt;br /&gt;
'''(DE)''' Nutzen Sie den Text unter die Linie und wandeln Sie den ''kursiv'' Text&lt;br /&gt;
----
 &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Liber&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 | Ante = ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;!-- Nomen Pagina Ante --&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''
 | AnteNomen = ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;!-- Latina Vicifontis Pagina Ante --&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''
 | Post = ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;!-- Nomen Pagina Post --&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''
 | PostNomen = ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;!-- Latina Vicifontis Pagina Post --&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''
 }}
&lt;/div&gt;[[Categoria:Formulae navigationis]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>en8ioyad0pu558tnyl0cdhl3oknemsn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10205</id>
      <parentid>10195</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-28T21:27:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2636" xml:space="preserve">{{NarrowColumnStart}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Titulus
|Scriptor=
|OperaeTitulus=Musica Classica
|OperaeWikiPagina=
|Annus= 2020
|SubTitulus= Musica Classica in lingua Latina
|Genera=Musica}}
{{Liber
|Ante= 
|AnteNomen= 
|Post= Requiem
|PostNomen= Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Musica Classica}}}}}}
{{c|{{sc|Musica Classica in lingua Latina}}}}

&lt;center&gt;
{|
|-
|colspan=&quot;3&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1500—1599}}}}
|-
| {{sc|Palestrina}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Missa Papae Marcelli, Palestrina|Missa Papae Marcelli]] || 1562
|-
| {{sc|Palestrina}} II. || [[Musica Classica/O magnum mysterium, Palestrina|O magnum mysterium]] || 15XX
|-
| {{sc|Lassus}} II. || [[Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus|Prophetiae Sibyllarum]] || 15XX
|-
|colspan=&quot;3&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1600—1699}}}}
|-
| {{sc|Thomas Ludovicus de Victoria}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Officium defunctorum|Officium defunctorum]] || 1605
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1700—1799}}}}
|-
| {{sc|Zelenka}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Sub olea pacis et palma virtutis|Sub olea pacis et palma virtutis: Melodrama de Sancto Wenceslao, ZWV 175]] || 1723
|-
| {{sc|Bach}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Missa Brevis, Bach BWV 235|Missa Brevis, BWV 235]] || c.1738
|-
| {{sc|Mozart}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Apollo et Hyacinthus|Apollo et Hyacinthus, K. 38]] || 1767
|-
| {{sc|Mozart}} II. || [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626|Requiem, K. 626]] || 1791
|-
| {{sc|Mozart}} III. || [[Musica Classica/Vesperae solennes de Confessore|Vesperae solennes de Confessore, K. 339]] || 1780
|-
| {{sc|Mozart}} II. || [[Musica Classica/Missa Coronationalis (C major), K 317|Missa Coronationalis (C major), K 317]] || 17XX
|-
| {{sc|Vivaldi}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Dixit Dominus, RV 594|Dixit Dominus, RV 594]] || c.1730
|-
| {{sc|Vivaldi}} II. || [[Musica Classica/Dixit Dominus, RV 595|Dixit Dominus, RV 595]] || c.1730
|-
| {{sc|Vivaldi}} III. || [[Musica Classica/Dixit Dominus, RV 807|Dixit Dominus, RV 807]] || c.1730-40
|-
| {{sc|Vivaldi}} IV. || [[Musica Classica/Gloria, RV 589|Gloria, RV 589]] || c.17XX
|-
| {{sc|Vivaldi}} V. || [[Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 610|Magnificat, RV 610]] || c.17XX
|-
|colspan=&quot;3&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1800—1899}}}}
|-
|{{sc|Beethoven}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Missa solemnis, Beethoven|Missa solemnis, Op. 123]] || 1824
|-
|{{sc|Dvorak}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak|Stabat Mater]] || 1877
|-
|{{sc|Elgar}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Elgar, Op 2|Opus 2]] || 1877
|-
|colspan=&quot;3&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1900—1999}}}}
|-
|{{sc|Carl Orff}} I. || [[Musica Classica/Carmina Burana, Carl Orff|Carmina Burana]] || 1936
|}
&lt;/center&gt;
{{NarrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>3q72qbhh7kmqttd6g0rls97conhwlvm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:TOCstyle</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3127</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8582</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T11:58:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{#invoke:TOCstyle|toc}}&lt;!-- --&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;!-- --&gt;{{documentation|Module:TOCstyle/doc}}&lt;!-- --&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:TOCstyle|toc}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{documentation|Module:TOCstyle/doc}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>o6zi8sx24szfl5biw10qupony0jrsvo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:TOCstyle</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3128</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8584</id>
      <parentid>8583</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T12:01:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Module:Tocstyle]] ad [[Module:TOCstyle]] sine redirectione</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="65450" xml:space="preserve">--[[
   This module (tentatively) implements {{TOCstyle}}
   Intended invocation method: {{#invoke:TOCstyle|toc}}
   Normal invocation via application of Template:TOCstyle
   
   The intent of this module is to provide a higher-level &quot;styling&quot; facility to aid in the creation of standard tables-of-contents
   (TOCs) on (initially) the English WikiSource in a reasonably flexible fashion. To this end there are a number of internal
   configuration tables (future task: separate these into a configuration helper module if possible?)
   
   All internal variables obeying the naming convention &quot;...Tags&quot; (e.g. &quot;outerTags&quot;) designate two-element tables of strings
   containing HTML tags which shall be used to &quot;wrap around&quot; various output components. The first element content will open any
   required construct and the second element content will provide the neccessary closing tags for that construct.
--]]

local p = {}

    -- emit() outputs a single item without detailed formatting.
    local function emit(args,index,use,para)
        --mw.log(&quot;emit exiting: index+use=&quot;..index..&quot;+&quot;..use..&quot;\n&quot;)
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, (args[index] or '')
    end

    -- emit384() outputs a single item repeated 384 times.
    local function emit384(args,index,use,para)
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, string.rep((args[index] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384))
    end

    -- fmtCell() outputs a single table cell and applies simple formatting to it
    local function fmtCell(args,index,use,para)
        local addl      -- somewhere to discard accountancy for arguments consumed by sub-process
        local cell = ''

        -- mw.log(&quot;use, args[use]=&quot;..use..&quot;, &quot;..args[use])
        if para then
            if para.proc then
                addl, cell = para.proc(args,index,para.use,para.para)
            end
            if para.wrap then
                cell = para.wrap[1] .. cell .. para.wrap[2]
            end
        end
        --mw.log(&quot;fmtCell exiting: index+use+addl=&quot;..index..&quot;+&quot;..use..&quot;+&quot;..addl..&quot;\n&quot;)
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, cell
    end

    -- fmtNCells() outputs multiple table cells and applies individual formatting to each one
    local function fmtNCells(args,index,use,para)
        local row = ''

        if para then
            local offset = 1
            local colcount = table.getn(para)

            while offset &lt;= colcount do
                local addl      -- somewhere to discard accountancy for arguments consumed by sub-process
                local cell = ''
                
                if para[offset].proc then
                    addl, cell = para[offset].proc(args,index+offset-1,para[offset].use,para[offset].para)
                end
                if para[offset].wrap then
                    cell = para[offset].wrap[1] .. cell .. para[offset].wrap[2]
                    row = row .. cell
                end
                offset = offset + 1
            end
        end
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, row
    end

    local function isDemoSpace(demoSpace)
    	local namespace = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().nsText
    	
        -- everything eligible for display in Page: namespace
        return (namespace == 'Page') or
            (namespace == demoSpace)
    end

    -- cdlSwrap() outputs multiple table cells with individual formatting but closes wrapping only in demonstration name spaces
    local function cdlSwrap(args,index,use,para)
        local row = ''

        if para then
            local offset = 1
            local colcount = table.getn(para)

            while offset &lt;= colcount do
                local addl      -- somewhere to discard accountancy for arguments consumed by sub-process
                local cell = ''
                
                if para[offset].proc then
                    addl, cell = para[offset].proc(args,index+offset-1,para[offset].use,para[offset].para)
                end
                if para[offset].wrap then
                    cell = para[offset].wrap[1] .. cell
                    if (para[offset].use ~= 'p') or isDemoSpace(args['demoSpace']) then
                    	cell = cell .. para[offset].wrap[2]
                    end
                    row = row .. cell
                end
                offset = offset + 1
            end
        end
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, row
    end

    -- cdlEwrap() outputs multiple table cells with individual formatting but opens wrapping only in demonstration name spaces
    local function cdlEwrap(args,index,use,para)
        local row = ''

        if para then
            local offset = 1
            local colcount = table.getn(para)

            while offset &lt;= colcount do
                local addl      -- somewhere to discard accountancy for arguments consumed by sub-process
                local cell = ''
                
                if para[offset].proc then
                    addl, cell = para[offset].proc(args,index+offset-1,para[offset].use,para[offset].para)
                end
                if para[offset].wrap then
                    if (para[offset].use ~= 'p') or isDemoSpace(args['demoSpace']) then
                        cell = para[offset].wrap[1] .. cell
                    end
                    cell = cell .. para[offset].wrap[2]
                    row = row .. cell
                end
                offset = offset + 1
            end
        end
        if type(use) ~= 'number' then
        	use = 0
        end
        return index+use, row
    end

local function isnotempty(s)
    return s and s:match( '^%s*(.-)%s*$' ) ~= ''
end

local function isRibbonAllowed(RibbonControl,RibbonRange,demoSpace)
    -- everything eligible for display in Page: namespace
    if isDemoSpace(demoSpace) then
    	return true
    elseif isnotempty(RibbonRange) then
    	return false
    elseif isnotempty(RibbonControl) then
    	return false
    else
    	return true
    end
end

function p.toc(frame)
    local args = (frame.args[1] ~= nil) and frame.args or frame:getParent().args

    local outerTags = { -- HTML tags to wrap around /any/ output; also serves as header/footer in page-crossing circumstances
        '&lt;div$CSS$&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;list-style:none;margin:0; padding:0;&quot;&gt;', -- '$CSS$' will be substituted
        '&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
    }
    
    local otDefCSS = ' style=&quot;margin:0; padding:0;&quot;'	-- CSS attributes to apply to outerTags[1] if not explicitly overridden
    local otCptCSS = ' style=&quot;display: table; margin:0 auto 0 auto; padding:0;&quot;'	-- alternate, &quot;compact&quot; CSS attributes for outerTags[1] use
    
    local rowTags = { -- HTML tags to wrap around /each/ row: does not include columnar formatting
        '&lt;li style=&quot;margin:0; padding:0;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/li&gt;'
    }

    local detailTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around each row which may require more detailed formatting
        '&lt;table ' ..
          'style=&quot;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0 0;display:inline-table;vertical-align:middle;width:100%;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;tr&gt;',
        '&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;'
    }

    local ctrCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a centred table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local jstCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a justified table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local rgtCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a right-aligned table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi1CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a &quot;hanging indent&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi2doTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a large &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:2em;text-indent:-2em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:2em;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi23CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a indented &quot;hanging indent&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:-3em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi23sCelTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a initial portion of indented &quot;hanging indent&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:-3em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;',	-- always output
        '&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;pos-se&quot; style=&quot;width:2em;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;'					-- Page/demo only
    }

    local hi23eCelTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around terminal portion of indented &quot;hanging indent&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:0;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;',			-- Page/demo only
        '&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'																		-- always output
    }

    local hi23doTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a indented &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:-3em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:5em;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi5CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a &quot;wide hanging indent&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:-5em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi5doTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a wide &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:-5em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:5em;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hiNdoTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a wide &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:$DEPTH$;text-indent:-$DEPTH$;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:$DEPTH$;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hiNdosTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around hanging-description portion of a wide &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:$DEPTH$;text-indent:-$DEPTH$;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;'
    }

    local hiNdoeTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around undercut page portion of a wide &quot;hanging indent/dot leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';float:right;padding:0 0 0 calc( $DEPTH$ + 0.5em );position:relative;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:$PGWIDTH$;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:$DEPTH$;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local hi72CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around an indented &quot;hanging indent&quot; table cell with Page clearance
        '&lt;td style=&quot;padding-left:8em;padding-right:2em;text-indent:-1em;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local unfCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around an &quot;unformatted&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local chprCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a right-aligned, minimal-width table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-ne&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap;width:5em;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local chpr0CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a right-aligned (unpadded), minimal-width table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-ne&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;width:5em;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local chp2CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a indented, right-aligned, 3em-width table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-ne&quot; style=&quot;padding-left:2em;padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap;width:3em;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local chpMCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a right-aligned, controlled-minimal-width table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-ne&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap;width:$CHWIDTH$;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local pagCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a &quot;page number&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-se&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;width:2em;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local paPCellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around a controlled-width &quot;page number&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td class=&quot;pos-se&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;width:$PGWIDTH$;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local l12CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;left&quot; component of runningheader 5-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;width:12.5%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local l20CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;left&quot; component of runningheader 4-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;width:20%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local l33CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;left&quot; component of runningheader 3-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;width:33%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local c25CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;central&quot; components of runningheader 5-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:center;width:12.5%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local c30CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;central&quot; components of runningheader 4-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:center;width:20%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local c33CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;central&quot; component of runningheader 3-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:center;width:33%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local r12CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;right&quot; component of runningheader 5-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:right;width:12.5%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local r20CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;right&quot; component of runningheader 4-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:right;width:20%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local r33CellTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;right&quot; component of runningheader 3-item table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;text-align:right;width:33%;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local dotoutTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;dot-leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }
 
    local dotouSTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around initial portion of &quot;dot-leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;pos-se&quot; style=&quot;width:2em;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }
 
     local dotouETags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around terminal portion of &quot;dot-leader&quot; table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-left:5em;text-indent:0;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:5em;height:1em;z-index:1;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }

    local dotldoTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around configurable &quot;dot-leader&quot; table cell and content component span
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
    }
 
    local dotleaTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around &quot;dot-leader&quot;/excess-filler table cell component span
        '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }
 
    local dotoPsTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around first portion of &quot;dot-leader&quot; with embedded page table cell
        '&lt;td style=&quot;position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:justify;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';padding:0 0.5em 0 0;position:relative;text-align:justify;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;'
    }
 
    local dotoPeTags = { -- additional HTML tags to wrap around final portion of &quot;dot-leader&quot; with embedded page table cell
        '&lt;span style=&quot;background:' .. (args['leaderbgcolour'] or args['leaderbgcolor'] or 'white') ..
          ';float:right;padding:0 0 0 0.5em;position:relative;text-align:right;z-index:2;&quot;&gt;',
        '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;' ..
          '&lt;div style=&quot;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;width:100%;z-index:0;&quot;&gt;' ..
          '&lt;span style=&quot;float:left;letter-spacing:' .. (args['leaderspacing'] or '4px') .. ';&quot;&gt;' ..
          string.rep((args['leadersym'] or '.'),(args['leaderrepeat'] or 384)) ..
          '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;'
    }
 
    modelTab = {
        [&quot;D&quot;] = {   -- default layout
            use    =1,          -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =nil,        -- no enclosing structures required
            proc   =emit,       -- function to output standalone description with no separate page numbers
            para   =nil         -- no details required
        },
        [&quot;DP&quot;] = {   -- unformatted description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =unfCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;H5P&quot;] = {   -- wide hanging indented description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hi5CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;2H3P&quot;] = {   -- indented hanging indented description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hi23CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;2H3P/s&quot;] = {   -- indented hanging indented description (initial part; crosses page); right-justified page layout
            use    =1,          -- absorbs single argument
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =cdlSwrap,   -- only close wrapping in Page: or demo name spaces
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     ='p',       -- flag wrap as namespace dependent to cdlSwrap
                            wrap    =hi23sCelTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;2H3P/e&quot;] = {   -- indented hanging indented description (terminal part; crosses page); right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =cdlEwrap,   -- only open wrapping in Page: or demo name spaces
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     ='p',		-- flag wrap as namespace dependent to cdlEwrap
                            wrap    =hi23eCelTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- cdlEwrap always wraps this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;CDP&quot;] = {   -- chapter + unformatted description followed right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: upper-right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chprCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =unfCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;D.P&quot;] = {   -- unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoutTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;H5.P&quot;] = {   -- wide hanging indented description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hi5doTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;Hn.P&quot;] = {   -- wide hanging indented description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdoTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;Hn.upP&quot;] = {   -- wide hanging indented description; undercut controlled-width right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdosTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: undercut controlled-width right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdoeTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;2H3.P&quot;] = {   -- indented hanging indented description; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hi23doTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;D?P&quot;] = {   -- unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot selectable symbol leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description followed by symbol-selectable leader in same table cell
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotldoTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {			-- second argument: leader symbol to be repeated
                            use     =0,			-- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotleaTags,
                            proc    =emit384,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                	}
        },
        [&quot;CD.P&quot;] = {   -- chapter + unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chprCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoutTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;CD.uP&quot;] = {   -- chapter + unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified (undercut) page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chprCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoPsTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoPeTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;C5D.P&quot;] = {   -- variant of CD.P with no padding following Chapter
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chpr0CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoutTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;2CD.P&quot;] = {   -- chapter + unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chp2CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =dotoutTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;CD.P/s&quot;] = {   -- chapter + unformatted description (presumed incomplete)
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =cdlSwrap,   -- only close wrapping in Page: or demo name spaces
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- cdlSwrap always wraps this value
                            wrap    =chprCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     ='p',       -- flag wrap as namespace dependent to cdlSwrap
                            wrap    =dotouSTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;CD.P/e&quot;] = {   -- (remaineder of) unformatted description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =cdlEwrap,   -- only open wrapping in Page: or demo name spaces
            para   ={
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     ='p',		-- flag wrap as namespace dependent to cdlEwrap
                            wrap    =dotouETags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,			-- cdlEwrap always outputs this portion
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;CH2.P&quot;] = {   -- chapter + large hanging indented description followed by right-lower-dot leader; right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within controlled minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chprCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hi2doTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =pagCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;mCHn.pP&quot;] = {   -- controlled-width chapter + controlled-depth hanging indented description followed by right-lower-dot leader; controlled-width right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chpMCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdoTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =paPCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;mCHn.upP&quot;] = {   -- wide hanging indented description; undercut controlled-width right-justified page layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- Chapter: right-aligned within minimal-width column
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =chpMCellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Description: wrapped cell content but with no overt formatting applied
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdosTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- Page: undercut controlled-width right-lower-aligned cell with content wraparound suppressed
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =hiNdoeTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;l&quot;] = {   -- left-align items only layout (same as &quot;D&quot; model)
            use    =1,          -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =nil,        -- no enclosing structures required
            proc   =emit,       -- function to output standalone description with no separate page numbers
            para   =nil         -- no details required
        },
        [&quot;c&quot;] = {   -- centre single item only layout
            use    =1,           -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =detailTags,  -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtCell,     -- create and apply tags to new table cell
            para   ={
                        use     =0,         -- fmtCell discards this value
                        wrap    =ctrCellTags,
                        proc    =emit,
                        para    =nil
                }
        },
        [&quot;j&quot;] = {   -- justified single item only layout
            use    =1,           -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =detailTags,  -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtCell,     -- create and apply tags to new table cell
            para   ={
                        use     =0,         -- fmtCell discards this value
                        wrap    =jstCellTags,
                        proc    =emit,
                        para    =nil
                }
        },
        [&quot;r&quot;] = {   -- right-align single item only layout
            use    =1,           -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =detailTags,  -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtCell,     -- create and apply tags to new table cell
            para   ={
                        use     =0,         -- fmtCell discards this value
                        wrap    =rgtCellTags,
                        proc    =emit,
                        para    =nil
                }
        },
        [&quot;h&quot;] = {   -- hanging indent single item layout
            use    =1,           -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =detailTags,  -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtCell,     -- create and apply tags to new table cell
            para   ={
                        use     =0,         -- fmtCell discards this value
                        wrap    =hi1CellTags,
                        proc    =emit,
                        para    =nil
                }
        },
        [&quot;7h2&quot;] = {   -- wide indented hanging indent single item layout with page clearance
            use    =1,           -- absorbs a single argument only
            wrap   =detailTags,  -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtCell,     -- create and apply tags to new table cell
            para   ={
                        use     =0,         -- fmtCell discards this value
                        wrap    =hi72CellTags,
                        proc    =emit,
                        para    =nil
                }
        },
        [&quot;lcr&quot;] = {   -- {{RunningHeader}} lookalike layout
            use    =3,          -- absorbs three arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- left component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =l33CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c33CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- right component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =r33CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;lr&quot;] = {    -- Two columns: first is left-aligned, second is right-aligned
            use    =2,          -- absorbs two arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- left component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =l33CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- right component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =r33CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;lccr&quot;] = {   -- {{RunningHeader}} lookalike layout
            use    =4,          -- absorbs four arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- left component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =l20CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c30CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c30CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- right component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =r20CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        },
        [&quot;lcccr&quot;] = {   -- {{rh/5}} lookalike layout
            use    =5,          -- absorbs five arguments
            wrap   =detailTags, -- table enclosing row
            proc   =fmtNCells,  -- create and apply tags to multiple cells
            para   ={
                        {           -- left component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =l12CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c25CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c25CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- centred component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =c25CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        },
                        {           -- right component
                            use     =0,         -- fmtNCells discards this value
                            wrap    =r12CellTags,
                            proc    =emit,
                            para    =nil
                        }
                }
        }
    }

    local needheader = true
    local needfooter = true
    local needbody = true
    local html = '' -- output buffer; initially empty
    local mainhtml = nil -- committed output buffer (in case demo space expectation diverges from 'html' above)
    local modelranges = {}  -- array of ([row]--&gt;modelspec strings; initially empty
    local ribbonranges = {} -- array of ([row]--&gt;demospace directives; initially empty
    local styleranges = {}  -- array of ([row]--&gt;row styling directives; initially empty

    -- extract maximum unnamed argument index
    local cellcount = table.getn(args)
 
    if isnotempty(args['debugArgs']) then
         html = html .. '&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raw Argument Dump&lt;/strong&gt;'
    end
 
    -- compute the maximum cell index (Depressing: cannot trust table.getn() in frame context)
    -- Also: dump argument details if 'debugArgs' selected
    -- Also: pass 1 to determine &quot;range m to n&quot; model specifications
    -- Also: pass 1 to determine &quot;range m to n&quot; pageribbon overrides
    for k, v in pairs( args ) do	-- pairs appears to access in hash order only(?)
    	if isnotempty(args['debugArgs']) then -- I know: access args to determine whether to dump args!
    		html = html .. '&lt;br/&gt;args(' .. k .. ':type(&quot;' .. type(k) .. '&quot;): contains [' .. v .. ']:type(&quot;' .. type(v) .. '&quot;)'
    	end
    		
        if type(k) == 'number' then
            if cellcount &lt; k then
                cellcount = k
            end
        elseif type(k) == 'string' then
          	local rnglow
           	local rnghigh

           	rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)to(%d+)model%s*$' )
           	if rnglow == nil or rnghigh == nil then
           		rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)%-(%d+)model%s*$' )
           	end
           	if rnglow and rnghigh then -- only if neither are nil
           		if tonumber(rnglow) &gt; tonumber(rnghigh) then	-- swap if order choice was perverse
           			rnglow, rnghigh = rnghigh, rnglow
           		end
            		
           		for rrow = rnglow, rnghigh, 1 do
           			modelranges[rrow] = v
           		end
        	end
        	
			rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)to(%d+)pageribbon%s*$' )
           	if rnglow == nil or rnghigh == nil then
           		rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)%-(%d+)pageribbon%s*$' )
           	end
           	if rnglow and rnghigh then -- only if neither are nil
           		if tonumber(rnglow) &gt; tonumber(rnghigh) then	-- swap if order choice was perverse
           			rnglow, rnghigh = rnghigh, rnglow
           		end
            		
           		for rrow = rnglow, rnghigh, 1 do
           			ribbonranges[rrow] = v
           		end
        	end
        	
			rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)to(%d+)style%s*$' )
           	if rnglow == nil or rnghigh == nil then
           		rnglow, rnghigh = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+)%-(%d+)style%s*$' )
           	end
           	if rnglow and rnghigh then -- only if neither are nil
           		if tonumber(rnglow) &gt; tonumber(rnghigh) then	-- swap if order choice was perverse
           			rnglow, rnghigh = rnghigh, rnglow
           		end
            		
           		for rrow = rnglow, rnghigh, 1 do
           			styleranges[rrow] = v
           		end
        	end
        end
    end

    if isnotempty(args['debugArgs']) then
         html = html .. '&lt;/p&gt;'
    end
    
    -- Now, sadly the above process has to be largely repeated to:
    -- &quot;correct&quot; modelranges for &quot;multiple single row&quot; specifications
    -- &quot;correct&quot; ribbonranges for &quot;multiple single row&quot; overrides
    -- &quot;correct&quot; styleranges for &quot;multiple single row&quot; overrides
    for k, v in pairs( args ) do
    	if type(k) == 'string' then
    		local extract = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+,.-%d+)model%s*$' )
    		
    		while extract do -- only if valid content extracted
    			local rrow
    			
    			rrow, extract = extract:match( '^(%d+),?(.-%d-)$' )
    			if rrow then
    				modelranges[tonumber(rrow)] = v
    			end
			end
		
			extract = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+,.-%d+)pageribbon%s*$' )
			
			while extract do -- only if valid content extracted
				local rrow
				
				rrow, extract = extract:match( '^(%d+),?(.-%d-)$' )
				if rrow then
					ribbonranges[tonumber(rrow)] = v
				end
			end
		
			extract = k:match( '^%s*row(%d+,.-%d+)style%s*$' )
			
			while extract do -- only if valid content extracted
				local rrow
				
				rrow, extract = extract:match( '^(%d+),?(.-%d-)$' )
				if rrow then
					styleranges[tonumber(rrow)] = v
				end
			end
		end
	end

    if isnotempty(args['starting']) then
        needheader = true
        needfooter = false
    end

    if isnotempty(args['continuing']) then
        needheader = false
        needfooter = false
    end

    if isnotempty(args['completing']) then
        needheader = false
        needfooter = true
    end

    if isnotempty(args['header']) then
        needheader = true
        needbody = false
        needfooter = false
    end

    if isnotempty(args['footer']) then
        needheader = false
        needbody = false
        needfooter = true
    end

    if needheader then
    	local outerCSS = otDefCSS	-- prefill default
    	
    	if isnotempty(args['compact']) then
    		outerCSS = otCptCSS		-- override with narrower centred layout if chosen
    	end

    	if isnotempty(args['class']) then  -- prepend any class overrides to styling
	    	outerCSS = ' class=&quot;' .. args['class'] .. '&quot;' .. outerCSS
	    end

	    if isnotempty(args['width']) then	-- a specified width implies centring (auto left/right margins) will be needed
	    									-- probably silly (but not an error) to have selectedi &quot;compact&quot; option as well	
	    	outerCSS = mw.ustring.gsub(outerCSS, 'margin:0;', 'margin:0 auto 0 auto;')
	    	outerCSS = mw.ustring.gsub(outerCSS, '&quot;$', 'width:' .. args['width'] .. ';&quot;')
	    end

	    if isnotempty(args['style']) then  -- user styling will always be applied *after* defaults
	    	outerCSS = mw.ustring.gsub(outerCSS, '&quot;$', args['style'] .. ';&quot;')
	    end
    	
	    -- yes strictly html is empty at this point (but allow for debugging prefill)
	    html = html .. mw.ustring.gsub(outerTags[1], '%$CSS%$', outerCSS)
    end

    if cellcount~=0 then -- nothing whatsoever to do if no unnamed arguments presented

        if needbody then
    	    local index = 1
            local row = 0
            local defmodel = 'D'

            if isnotempty(args['model']) then
                defmodel = args['model']
            end

            while index &lt;= cellcount do
            	mainhtml = nil
            	
                row =  row + 1
        
                local model = defmodel
                local outRow = isRibbonAllowed(args['row' .. tostring(row) .. 'pageribbon'],
                	ribbonranges[row],
                	args['demoSpace'])
                	
                if modelranges[row] then
                	model = modelranges[row]
                end
        
                if isnotempty(args['row' .. tostring(row) .. 'model']) then
                    model = args['row' .. tostring(row) .. 'model']
                end

                -- start a new row
                if outRow then
                	local openTags = rowTags[1]
                	
                	if isnotempty(args['row' .. tostring(row) .. 'style']) then
                		openTags = mw.ustring.gsub(openTags, '&quot;&gt;', args['row' .. tostring(row) .. 'style'] .. ';&quot;&gt;')
                	elseif styleranges[row] then
                		openTags = mw.ustring.gsub(openTags, '&quot;&gt;', styleranges[row] .. ';&quot;&gt;')
                	end
                	
	                html = html .. openTags
	            end

    	        if modelTab[model] then
        	        if modelTab[model].wrap and
                        outRow then
            	            html = html .. modelTab[model].wrap[1]
                	end
                    if modelTab[model].proc then
                        local item
                        
	                    index, item = modelTab[model].proc(args,index,modelTab[model].use,modelTab[model].para)

	                    if (modelTab[model].proc == cdlEwrap) and not isDemoSpace(args['demoSpace']) then
	                    	html = '' -- restart HTML build if processing '.../e' model
	                    end
	                    
                        if outRow then
    	                    html = html .. item
    	                end
        	        end
            	    if modelTab[model].wrap then

            	    	if (modelTab[model].proc == cdlSwrap) and not isDemoSpace(args['demoSpace']) then
            	    		mainhtml = html -- preserve unclosed wrap state
            	    	end
            	    	
                        if outRow then
                	        html = html .. modelTab[model].wrap[2]
                	    end
                    end
	            else -- unsupported model specified? Just give up and issue first error observed
    	            return '&lt;br/&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;Invalid model: &quot;' ..
        	                model ..
            	            '&quot; apparently requested on behalf of row ' ..
                	        row ..
                    	    '?&lt;/strong&gt;'
                end
        
	            -- terminate row
	            if outRow then
    	            html = html .. rowTags[2]
    	        end
            end
        end
    end

    if needfooter then
        html = html .. outerTags[2]
    end

    -- generalised depth hanging indent/width of chapter, page
    if mainhtml then
	    mainhtml = mw.ustring.gsub(mainhtml, '%$CHWIDTH%$', args['chapter-width'] or '5em')
	    mainhtml = mw.ustring.gsub(mainhtml, '%$DEPTH%$', args['depth'] or '5em')
	    mainhtml = mw.ustring.gsub(mainhtml, '%$PGWIDTH%$', args['page-width'] or '2em')
	end
    html = mw.ustring.gsub(html, '%$CHWIDTH%$', args['chapter-width'] or '5em')
    html = mw.ustring.gsub(html, '%$DEPTH%$', args['depth'] or '5em')
    html = mw.ustring.gsub(html, '%$PGWIDTH%$', args['page-width'] or '2em')

    -- return generated html
    if isDemoSpace(args['demoSpace']) then
		return html
	else
		return mainhtml or html
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>8voxqwft8w9oie8nf76vlfh8rbg0g9m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8675</id>
      <parentid>8668</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-29T11:33:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2086" xml:space="preserve">{{NarrowColumn|&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Liber
|Ante= Requiem
|AnteNomen= ../Requiem, Mozart K. 626
|Post= Vesperae solennes de Confessore
|PostNomen= ../Vesperae solennes de Confessore
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Dvořák: Stabat Mater}}}} Op. 58}} 

&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Stabat mater dolorosa'''

Stabat mater dolorósa
juxta Crucem lacrimósa,
dum pendébat Fílius.

Cuius ánimam geméntem,
contristátam et doléntem
pertransívit gládius.

O quam tristis et afflícta
fuit illa benedícta,
mater Unigéniti!

Quae mœrébat et dolébat,
pia Mater, dum vidébat
nati pœnas ínclyti.

'''II. Quis est homo qui non fleret'''

Quis est homo qui non fleret,
matrem Christi si vidéret
in tanto supplício?

Quis non posset contristári
Christi Matrem contemplári
doléntem cum Fílio?

Pro peccátis suæ gentis
vidit Iésum in torméntis,
et flagéllis súbditum.

Vidit suum dulcem Natum
moriéndo desolátum,
dum emísit spíritum.

'''III. Eia Mater, fons amoris'''

Eia, Mater, fons amóris
me sentíre vim dolóris
fac, ut tecum lúgeam.

'''IV. Fac, ut ardeat cor meum'''

Fac, ut árdeat cor meum
in amándo Christum Deum
ut sibi compláceam.

Sancta Mater, istud agas,
crucifíxi fige plagas
cordi meo válide.

'''V. Tui nati vulnerati'''

Tui Nati vulneráti,
tam dignáti pro me pati,
pœnas mecum dívide.

'''VI. Fac me vere tecum flere'''

Fac me tecum pie flere,
crucifíxo condolére,
donec ego víxero.

Juxta Crucem tecum stare,
et me tibi sociáre
in planctu desídero.

'''VII. Virgo virginum praeclara'''

Virgo vírginum præclára,
mihi iam non sis amára,
fac me tecum plángere.

'''VIII. Fac, ut portem Christi mortem'''

Fac, ut portem Christi mortem,
passiónis fac consórtem,
et plagas recólere.

Fac me plagis vulnerári,
fac me Cruce inebriári,
et cruóre Fílii.

'''IX. Inflammatus et accensus'''
Inflammatus et accensus, 
per te, Virgo, sim defensus 
in die iudicii.

Fac me cruce custodiri 
morte Christi praemuniri 
confoveri gratia

'''X. Quando corpus morietur'''

Quando corpus moriétur,
fac, ut ánimæ donétur
paradísi glória.

Amen.
&lt;/poem&gt;}}</text>
      <sha1>08zsomxmlqmeejp4deskvbkrx9rdyna</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3130</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8669</id>
      <parentid>8661</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T18:26:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3352" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumn|
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Mozart Requiem}}}} K. 626}}

&lt;poem&gt;'''I. Introitus'''

''Requiem aeternam''
Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine:
et lux perpetua luceat eis.
Te decet hymnus, Deus, in Sion,
et tibi reddetur votum in Ierusalem:
exaudi orationem meam,
ad te omnis caro veniet.
Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine:
et lux perpetua luceat eis.

'''II. Kyrie'''

Kyrie eleison. 
Christe eleison. 
Kyrie eleison.

'''III. Sequentia''' 

''Dies irae''
Dies irae, dies illa 
Solvet saeclum in favilla,
Teste David cum Sibylla.

Quantus tremor est futurus
Quando judex est venturus
Cuncta stricte discussurus. 

''Tuba mirum''
Tuba mirum spargens sonum
Per sepulcra regionum
Coget omnes ante thronum. 

Mors stupebit et natura
Cum resurget creatura
Judicanti responsura.

Liber scriptus proferetur
In quo totum continetur,
Unde mundus judicetur. 

Judex ergo cum sedebit
Quidquid latet apparebit,
Nil inultum remanebit. 

Quid sum miser tunc dicturus,
Quem patronum togaturus,
Cum vix justus sit securus?

''Rex tremendae''
Rex tremendae majestatis,
Qui salvandos salvas gratis,
Salve me, fons pietatis. 

''Recordare''
Recordare, Jesu pie,
Quod sum causa tuae viae,
Ne me perdas ilia die. 

Quaerens me sedisti lassus,
Redemisti crucem passus,
Tamus labor non sit cassus. 

Juste judex ultionis
Donum fac remissionis
Ante diem rationis. 

lngemisco tamquam reus,
Culpa rubet vultus meus,
Supplicanti parce, Deus. 

Qui Mariam absolvisti
Et latronem exaudisti,
Mihi quoque spem dedisti.

Preces meae non sum dignae,
Sed tu bonus fac benigne,
Ne perenni cremet igne. 

Inter oves locurn praesta,
Et ab haedis me sequestra,
Statuens in parle dextra. 

''Confutatis''
Confutatis maledictis
Flammis acribus addictis,
Voca me cum benedictis. 

Oro supplex et acclinis,
Cor contritum quasi cinis,
Gere curam mei finis.

''Lacrymosa''
Lacrimosa dies ilia
Qua resurget ex favilla
Judicandus homo reus. 
Huic ergo parce, Deus,
Pie Jesu Domine,
Dona els requiem.

'''IV. Offertorium'''

''Domine Jesu''
Domine, Jesu Christe, Rex gloriae,
libera animas omniurn fidelium defunctorum
de poenis inferni, et de prof undo lacu:
libera cas de ore leonis,
ne absorbeat eas tartarus, ne cadant in obscurum,

sed signifer sanctus Michael
repraesentet eas in lucem sanctam,
quam olim Abrahae promisisti
et semini ejus. 

''Hostias''
Hostias et preces, tibi, Domine,
laudis offerimus:
tu suscipe pro animabus illis,
quarum hodie memoriam facimus:
fac eas, Domine, de morte Iransire ad vitam,
quam olim Abrahae promisisti
et semini ejus.

'''V. Sanctus'''

''Sanctus''
Sanctus. Sanctus, Sanctus,
Dominus Deus Sabaoth!
Pleni sunt coeli et terra gloria tua. 

''Hosanna''
Hosanna in excelsis.

'''VI. Benedictus'''

''Benedictus''
Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini.

''Hosanna''
Hosanna in excelsis.

'''VI. Agnus Dei'''

Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona nobis pacem.


'''VII. Communio'''

''Lux aeterna''
Lux aeterna luceat eis, Domine,
cum sanctis tuis in aeternum,
quia pius es. 

''Cum sanctis tuis''
Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine,
et lux perpetua luceat eis,
cum sanctis tuis in aeternum,
quia plus es.
&lt;/poem&gt;

}}</text>
      <sha1>cu5ji8zoaibnu3rdcxhq26jeitng7af</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Ordered list</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3131</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8603</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T13:40:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#invoke:list|ordered}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="178" xml:space="preserve">{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#invoke:list|ordered}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>n9z3yrhcknctpjb3o8a5r4mv3ke55up</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:List</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3132</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8604</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T13:41:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '-- This module outputs different kinds of lists. At the moment, bulleted, -- unbulleted, horizontal, ordered, and horizontal ordered lists are supported.  local libU...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="5410" xml:space="preserve">-- This module outputs different kinds of lists. At the moment, bulleted,
-- unbulleted, horizontal, ordered, and horizontal ordered lists are supported.

local libUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local checkType = libUtil.checkType
local mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools')

local p = {}

local listTypes = {
	['bulleted'] = true,
	['unbulleted'] = true,
	['horizontal'] = true,
	['ordered'] = true,
	['horizontal_ordered'] = true
}

function p.makeListData(listType, args)
	-- Constructs a data table to be passed to p.renderList.
	local data = {}

	-- Classes
	data.classes = {}
	if listType == 'horizontal' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		table.insert(data.classes, 'hlist hlist-separated')
	elseif listType == 'unbulleted' then
		table.insert(data.classes, 'plainlist')
	end
	table.insert(data.classes, args.class)

	-- Main div style
	data.style = args.style

	-- Indent for horizontal lists
	if listType == 'horizontal' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		local indent = tonumber(args.indent)
		indent = indent and indent * 1.6 or 0
		if indent &gt; 0 then
			data.marginLeft = indent .. 'em'
		end
	end
	
	-- List style types for ordered lists
	-- This could be &quot;1, 2, 3&quot;, &quot;a, b, c&quot;, or a number of others. The list style
	-- type is either set by the &quot;type&quot; attribute or the &quot;list-style-type&quot; CSS
	-- property.
	if listType == 'ordered' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then 
		data.listStyleType = args.list_style_type or args['list-style-type']
		data.type = args['type']

		-- Detect invalid type attributes and attempt to convert them to
		-- list-style-type CSS properties.
		if data.type 
			and not data.listStyleType
			and not tostring(data.type):find('^%s*[1AaIi]%s*$')
		then
			data.listStyleType = data.type
			data.type = nil
		end
	end
	
	-- List tag type
	if listType == 'ordered' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		data.listTag = 'ol'
	else
		data.listTag = 'ul'
	end

	-- Start number for ordered lists
	data.start = args.start
	if listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		-- Apply fix to get start numbers working with horizontal ordered lists.
		local startNum = tonumber(data.start)
		if startNum then
			data.counterReset = 'listitem ' .. tostring(startNum - 1)
		end
	end

	-- List style
	 -- ul_style and ol_style are included for backwards compatibility. No
	 -- distinction is made for ordered or unordered lists.
	data.listStyle = args.list_style

	-- List items
	-- li_style is included for backwards compatibility. item_style was included
	-- to be easier to understand for non-coders.
	data.itemStyle = args.item_style or args.li_style
	data.items = {}
	for i, num in ipairs(mTableTools.numKeys(args)) do
		local item = {}
		item.content = args[num]
		item.style = args['item' .. tostring(num) .. '_style']
			or args['item_style' .. tostring(num)]
		item.value = args['item' .. tostring(num) .. '_value']
			or args['item_value' .. tostring(num)]
		table.insert(data.items, item)
	end
	
	return data
end

function p.renderList(data)
	-- Renders the list HTML.
	
	-- Return the blank string if there are no list items.
	if type(data.items) ~= 'table' or #data.items &lt; 1 then
		return ''
	end
	
	-- Render the main div tag.
	local root = mw.html.create('div')
	for i, class in ipairs(data.classes or {}) do
		root:addClass(class)
	end
	root:css{['margin-left'] = data.marginLeft}
	if data.style then
		root:cssText(data.style)
	end

	-- Render the list tag.
	local list = root:tag(data.listTag or 'ul')
	list
		:attr{start = data.start, type = data.type}
		:css{
			['counter-reset'] = data.counterReset,
			['list-style-type'] = data.listStyleType
		}
	if data.listStyle then
		list:cssText(data.listStyle)
	end

	-- Render the list items
	for i, t in ipairs(data.items or {}) do
		local item = list:tag('li')
		if data.itemStyle then
			item:cssText(data.itemStyle)
		end
		if t.style then
			item:cssText(t.style)
		end
		item
			:attr{value = t.value}
			:wikitext(t.content)
	end

	return tostring(root)
end

function p.renderTrackingCategories(args)
	local isDeprecated = false -- Tracks deprecated parameters.
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		k = tostring(k)
		if k:find('^item_style%d+$') or k:find('^item_value%d+$') then
			isDeprecated = true
			break
		end
	end
	local ret = ''
	if isDeprecated then
		ret = ret .. '[[Category:List templates with deprecated parameters]]'
	end
	return ret
end

function p.makeList(listType, args)
	if not listType or not listTypes[listType] then
		error(string.format(
			&quot;bad argument #1 to 'makeList' ('%s' is not a valid list type)&quot;,
			tostring(listType)
		), 2)
	end
	checkType('makeList', 2, args, 'table')
	local data = p.makeListData(listType, args)
	local list = p.renderList(data)
	local trackingCategories = p.renderTrackingCategories(args)
	return list .. trackingCategories
end

for listType in pairs(listTypes) do
	p[listType] = function (frame)
		local mArguments = require('Module:Arguments')
		local origArgs = mArguments.getArgs(frame, {
			valueFunc = function (key, value)
			if not value or not mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then return nil end
			if mw.ustring.find(value, '^%s*[%*#;:]') then
				return value
			else
				return value:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
			end
			return nil
		end
		})
		-- Copy all the arguments to a new table, for faster indexing.
		local args = {}
		for k, v in pairs(origArgs) do
			args[k] = v
		end
		return p.makeList(listType, args)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>1kfxv6e8upfdko23gc41ky0lax25kzs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:TableTools</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3133</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8605</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T13:42:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '--[[ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --                               TableTools...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="12649" xml:space="preserve">--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                               TableTools                                       --
--                                                                                --
-- This module includes a number of functions for dealing with Lua tables.        --
-- It is a meta-module, meant to be called from other Lua modules, and should     --
-- not be called directly from #invoke.                                           --
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]

local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')

local p = {}

-- Define often-used variables and functions.
local floor = math.floor
local infinity = math.huge
local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType
local checkTypeMulti = libraryUtil.checkTypeMulti

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isPositiveInteger
--
-- This function returns true if the given value is a positive integer, and false
-- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is
-- useful for determining whether a given table key is in the array part or the
-- hash part of a table.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.isPositiveInteger(v)
	return type(v) == 'number' and v &gt;= 1 and floor(v) == v and v &lt; infinity
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- isNan
--
-- This function returns true if the given number is a NaN value, and false
-- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is
-- useful for determining whether a value can be a valid table key. Lua will
-- generate an error if a NaN is used as a table key.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.isNan(v)
	return type(v) == 'number' and tostring(v) == '-nan'
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- shallowClone
--
-- This returns a clone of a table. The value returned is a new table, but all
-- subtables and functions are shared. Metamethods are respected, but the returned
-- table will have no metatable of its own.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.shallowClone(t)
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t) do
		ret[k] = v
	end
	return ret
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- removeDuplicates
--
-- This removes duplicate values from an array. Non-positive-integer keys are
-- ignored. The earliest value is kept, and all subsequent duplicate values are
-- removed, but otherwise the array order is unchanged.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.removeDuplicates(t)
	checkType('removeDuplicates', 1, t, 'table')
	local isNan = p.isNan
	local ret, exists = {}, {}
	for i, v in ipairs(t) do
		if isNan(v) then
			-- NaNs can't be table keys, and they are also unique, so we don't need to check existence.
			ret[#ret + 1] = v
		else
			if not exists[v] then
				ret[#ret + 1] = v
				exists[v] = true
			end
		end	
	end
	return ret
end			

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- numKeys
--
-- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of any numerical
-- keys that have non-nil values, sorted in numerical order.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.numKeys(t)
	checkType('numKeys', 1, t, 'table')
	local isPositiveInteger = p.isPositiveInteger
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t) do
		if isPositiveInteger(k) then
			nums[#nums + 1] = k
		end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- affixNums
--
-- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of keys with the
-- specified prefix and suffix. For example, for the table
-- {a1 = 'foo', a3 = 'bar', a6 = 'baz'} and the prefix &quot;a&quot;, affixNums will
-- return {1, 3, 6}.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.affixNums(t, prefix, suffix)
	checkType('affixNums', 1, t, 'table')
	checkType('affixNums', 2, prefix, 'string', true)
	checkType('affixNums', 3, suffix, 'string', true)

	local function cleanPattern(s)
		-- Cleans a pattern so that the magic characters ()%.[]*+-?^$ are interpreted literally.
		return s:gsub('([%(%)%%%.%[%]%*%+%-%?%^%$])', '%%%1')
	end

	prefix = prefix or ''
	suffix = suffix or ''
	prefix = cleanPattern(prefix)
	suffix = cleanPattern(suffix)
	local pattern = '^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)' .. suffix .. '$'

	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t) do
		if type(k) == 'string' then			
			local num = mw.ustring.match(k, pattern)
			if num then
				nums[#nums + 1] = tonumber(num)
			end
		end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- numData
--
-- Given a table with keys like (&quot;foo1&quot;, &quot;bar1&quot;, &quot;foo2&quot;, &quot;baz2&quot;), returns a table
-- of subtables in the format 
-- { [1] = {foo = 'text', bar = 'text'}, [2] = {foo = 'text', baz = 'text'} }
-- Keys that don't end with an integer are stored in a subtable named &quot;other&quot;.
-- The compress option compresses the table so that it can be iterated over with
-- ipairs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.numData(t, compress)
	checkType('numData', 1, t, 'table')
	checkType('numData', 2, compress, 'boolean', true)
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t) do
		local prefix, num = mw.ustring.match(tostring(k), '^([^0-9]*)([1-9][0-9]*)$')
		if num then
			num = tonumber(num)
			local subtable = ret[num] or {}
			if prefix == '' then
				-- Positional parameters match the blank string; put them at the start of the subtable instead.
				prefix = 1
			end
			subtable[prefix] = v
			ret[num] = subtable
		else
			local subtable = ret.other or {}
			subtable[k] = v
			ret.other = subtable
		end
	end
	if compress then
		local other = ret.other
		ret = p.compressSparseArray(ret)
		ret.other = other
	end
	return ret
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- compressSparseArray
--
-- This takes an array with one or more nil values, and removes the nil values
-- while preserving the order, so that the array can be safely traversed with
-- ipairs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.compressSparseArray(t)
	checkType('compressSparseArray', 1, t, 'table')
	local ret = {}
	local nums = p.numKeys(t)
	for _, num in ipairs(nums) do
		ret[#ret + 1] = t[num]
	end
	return ret
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- sparseIpairs
--
-- This is an iterator for sparse arrays. It can be used like ipairs, but can
-- handle nil values.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]
function p.sparseIpairs(t)
	checkType('sparseIpairs', 1, t, 'table')
	local nums = p.numKeys(t)
	local i = 0
	local lim = #nums
	return function ()
		i = i + 1
		if i &lt;= lim then
			local key = nums[i]
			return key, t[key]
		else
			return nil, nil
		end
	end
end

--[[
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- size
--
-- This returns the size of a key/value pair table. It will also work on arrays,
-- but for arrays it is more efficient to use the # operator.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]

function p.size(t)
	checkType('size', 1, t, 'table')
	local i = 0
	for k in pairs(t) do
		i = i + 1
	end
	return i
end


local function defaultKeySort(item1, item2)
	-- &quot;number&quot; &lt; &quot;string&quot;, so numbers will be sorted before strings.
	local type1, type2 = type(item1), type(item2)
	if type1 ~= type2 then
		return type1 &lt; type2
	else -- This will fail with table, boolean, function.
		return item1 &lt; item2
	end
end

--[[
	Returns a list of the keys in a table, sorted using either a default
	comparison function or a custom keySort function.
]]
function p.keysToList(t, keySort, checked)
	if not checked then
		checkType('keysToList', 1, t, 'table')
		checkTypeMulti('keysToList', 2, keySort, { 'function', 'boolean', 'nil' })
	end
	
	local list = {}
	local index = 1
	for key, value in pairs(t) do
		list[index] = key
		index = index + 1
	end
	
	if keySort ~= false then
		keySort = type(keySort) == 'function' and keySort or defaultKeySort
		
		table.sort(list, keySort)
	end
	
	return list
end

--[[
	Iterates through a table, with the keys sorted using the keysToList function.
	If there are only numerical keys, sparseIpairs is probably more efficient.
]]
function p.sortedPairs(t, keySort)
	checkType('sortedPairs', 1, t, 'table')
	checkType('sortedPairs', 2, keySort, 'function', true)
	
	local list = p.keysToList(t, keySort, true)
	
	local i = 0
	return function()
		i = i + 1
		local key = list[i]
		if key ~= nil then
			return key, t[key]
		else
			return nil, nil
		end
	end
end

--[[
	Returns true if all keys in the table are consecutive integers starting at 1.
--]]
function p.isArray(t)
	checkType(&quot;isArray&quot;, 1, t, &quot;table&quot;)
	
	local i = 0
	for k, v in pairs(t) do
		i = i + 1
		if t[i] == nil then
			return false
		end
	end
	return true
end

-- { &quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot; } -&gt; { a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 }
function p.invert(array)
	checkType(&quot;invert&quot;, 1, array, &quot;table&quot;)
	
	local map = {}
	for i, v in ipairs(array) do
		map[v] = i
	end
	
	return map
end

--[[
	{ &quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot; } -&gt; { [&quot;a&quot;] = true, [&quot;b&quot;] = true, [&quot;c&quot;] = true }
--]]
function p.listToSet(t)
	checkType(&quot;listToSet&quot;, 1, t, &quot;table&quot;)
	
	local set = {}
	for _, item in ipairs(t) do
		set[item] = true
	end
	
	return set
end

--[[
	Recursive deep copy function.
	Preserves identities of subtables.
	
]]
local function _deepCopy(orig, includeMetatable, already_seen)
	-- Stores copies of tables indexed by the original table.
	already_seen = already_seen or {}
	
	local copy = already_seen[orig]
	if copy ~= nil then
		return copy
	end
	
	if type(orig) == 'table' then
		copy = {}
		for orig_key, orig_value in pairs(orig) do
			copy[deepcopy(orig_key, includeMetatable, already_seen)] = deepcopy(orig_value, includeMetatable, already_seen)
		end
		already_seen[orig] = copy
		
		if includeMetatable then
			local mt = getmetatable(orig)
			if mt ~= nil then
				local mt_copy = deepcopy(mt, includeMetatable, already_seen)
				setmetatable(copy, mt_copy)
				already_seen[mt] = mt_copy
			end
		end
	else -- number, string, boolean, etc
		copy = orig
	end
	return copy
end

function p.deepCopy(orig, noMetatable, already_seen)
	checkType(&quot;deepCopy&quot;, 3, already_seen, &quot;table&quot;, true)
	
	return _deepCopy(orig, not noMetatable, already_seen)
end

--[[
	Concatenates all values in the table that are indexed by a number, in order.
	sparseConcat{ a, nil, c, d }  =&gt;  &quot;acd&quot;
	sparseConcat{ nil, b, c, d }  =&gt;  &quot;bcd&quot;
]]
function p.sparseConcat(t, sep, i, j)
	local list = {}
	
	local list_i = 0
	for _, v in p.sparseIpairs(t) do
		list_i = list_i + 1
		list[list_i] = v
	end
	
	return table.concat(list, sep, i, j)
end

--[[
-- Finds the length of an array, or of a quasi-array with keys such
-- as &quot;data1&quot;, &quot;data2&quot;, etc., using an exponential search algorithm. 
-- It is similar to the operator #, but may return
-- a different value when there are gaps in the array portion of the table.
-- Intended to be used on data loaded with mw.loadData. For other tables, use #.
-- Note: #frame.args in frame object always be set to 0, regardless of 
-- the number of unnamed template parameters, so use this function for
-- frame.args.
--]]

function p.length(t, prefix)
	-- requiring module inline so that [[Module:Exponential search]]
	-- which is only needed by this one function
	-- doesn't get millions of transclusions
	local expSearch = require(&quot;Module:Exponential search&quot;)
	checkType('length', 1, t, 'table')
	checkType('length', 2, prefix, 'string', true)
	return expSearch(function(i)
		local key
		if prefix then
			key = prefix .. tostring(i)
		else
			key = i
		end
		return t[key] ~= nil
	end) or 0
end
function p.inArray(arr, valueToFind)
	checkType(&quot;inArray&quot;, 1, arr, &quot;table&quot;)
	
	-- if valueToFind is nil, error?
	
	for _, v in ipairs(arr) do
		if v == valueToFind then
			return true
		end
	end
	
	return false
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>k8alxjj4kl038b9fpyfzl6qf0yqrdst</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Caput II</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3134</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak" />
    <revision>
      <id>10171</id>
      <parentid>8659</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:08:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak]]</text>
      <sha1>fa9ut06uyu572tders8jn2le6psa2f0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Caput I</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3135</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626" />
    <revision>
      <id>10170</id>
      <parentid>8657</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:08:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</text>
      <sha1>i1oz2fnr6o8aq8my1qvwjsy97feax0n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica et Cantus Latine</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3136</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica" />
    <revision>
      <id>8656</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T18:23:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Classica et Cantus Latine]] ad [[Musica Classica]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica]]</text>
      <sha1>doan3jtl8621lrup3d3fkupba64izzc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica et Cantus Latine/Caput I</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3137</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626" />
    <revision>
      <id>10172</id>
      <parentid>8658</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:09:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</text>
      <sha1>i1oz2fnr6o8aq8my1qvwjsy97feax0n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica et Cantus Latine/Caput II</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3138</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak" />
    <revision>
      <id>10173</id>
      <parentid>8660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:09:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak]]</text>
      <sha1>fa9ut06uyu572tders8jn2le6psa2f0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica et Cantus Latine/Requiem, Mozart K. 626</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3139</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626" />
    <revision>
      <id>8662</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T18:23:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Classica et Cantus Latine/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]] ad [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626]]</text>
      <sha1>i1oz2fnr6o8aq8my1qvwjsy97feax0n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica et Cantus Latine/Stabat Mater, Dvorak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3140</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Stabat Mater, Dvorak" />
    <revision>
      <id>8664</id>
      <timestamp>2020-11-28T18:23:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= 
|AnteNomen= 
|Post= Requiem
|PostNomen= Musica Classica/Requiem, Mozart K. 626
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Vesperae solennes de Confessore, Mozart}}}} K. 339}}
&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Psalm 110 Dixit Dominus'''

Dixit Dominus Domino meo;
Sede a dextris meis,
Donec ponam inimicos tuos
Scabellum pedum tuorum.
Virgam virtutis tuae emittet
Dominus ex Sion: dominare
In medio inimicorum tuorum.
Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae,
In splendoribus sanctorum:
Ex utero ante luciferum
Genui te.
Juravit Dominus,
Et non poenitebit eum,
Tu es sacerdos in aeternum
Secundum ordinem Melchisedech.
Dominus a dextris tuis,
Confregit in die irae suae reges.
Judicabit in nationibus,
Implebit ruinas:
Conquasabit capita in terra multorum.
De torrente in via bibet,
Propterea exaltabit caput.
Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper.
Et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.	


'''II. Psalm 111 Confitebor tibi Domine'''

Confitebor tibi Domine,
In toto corde meo;
In consilio justorum,
Et congregatione.
Magna opera Domini,
Exquisita in omnes voluntates ejus.
Confessio et magnificentia opus ejus;
Et justitia ejus manetIn saeculum saeculi.
Memoriam fecit mirabilium suorum,
Misericors et miserator Dominus.
Escam dedit timentibus se.
Memor erit in saeculum
Testamenti sui.
Virtutem operum suorum
Annuntiabit populo suo.
Ut det illis
Hereditatem gentium;
Opera manuum ejus
Veritas et judicium.
Fidelia omnia mandata ejus,
Confirmata in saeculum saeculi,
Facta in veritate et aequitate.
Redemptionem misit Dominus
Populo suo;
Mandavit in aeternum testamentum suum.
Sanctum et terribile nomen ejus:
Initium sapientiae timor Domini;
Intellectus bonus omnibus
Facientibus eum.
Laudatio ejus manet
In saeculum saeculi.
Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper.
Et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.	


'''III. Psalm 112 Beatus vir qui timet Dominum'''

Beatus vir qui timet Dominum,
In mandatis ejus volet nimis.
Potens in terra erit semen ejus,
Generatio rectorum benedicetur.
Gloria et divitiae in domo ejus,
Et justitia ejus manet
In saeculum saeculi.
Exortum est in tenebris lumen rectis,
Misericors et miserator et justus.
Jucundus homo,
Qui miseretur et commodat,
Disponet sermones suos in judicio.
Quia in aeternum non commovebitur.
In memoria aeterna erit justus,
Ab auditione mala non timebit.
Paratum cor ejus sperare in Domino.
Confirmatum est cor ejus;
Non commovebitur
Donec despiciat inimicos suos.
Dispersit, dedit pauperibus,
Justitia ejus manet
In saeculum saeculi.
Cornu ejus exaltabitur in gloria.
Peccator videbit et irascetur,
Dentibus suis fremet et tabescet;
Desiderium peccatorum peribit.
Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper.
Et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.


'''IV. Psalm 113 Laudate pueri Dominum'''

Laudate pueri Dominum,
Laudate nomen Domini.
Sit nomen Domini benedictum ex hoc
Nunc et usque in saeculum.
A solis ortu usque et ad occasum,
Laudabile nomen Domini.
Excelsus super omnes gentes Dominus,
Et super coelos gloria ejus.
Quis sicut Dominus Deus noster,
Qui in altis habitat,
Et humilia respicit in coelo et in terra?
Suscitans a terra inopem
Et de stercore erigens pauperem:
Ut collocet eum
Cum principibus populi sui.
Qui habitare facit sterilem
In domo, matrem filiorum laetantem.
Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper.
Et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.	

'''V. Psalm 117 Laudate Dominum omnes gentes'''

Laudate Dominum omnes gentes;
Laudate eum, omnes populi.
Quoniam confirmata est
Super nos misericordia ejus,
Et veritas Domini manet in aeternum. 
Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper.
Et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.	
&lt;/poem&gt;
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{{Liber
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}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Carmina Burana, Carl Orff}}}} 1936}} 

&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi'''

''O Fortuna''

O Fortuna 
velut luna 
statu variabilis,
semper crescis 
aut decrescis;
vita detestabilis
nunc obdurat
et tunc curat
ludo mentis aciem,
egestatem,
potestatem
dissolvit ut glaciem.

Sors immanis
et inanis,
rota tu volubilis,
status malus,
vana salus 
semper dissolubilis,
obumbrata 
et velata
michi quoque niteris;
nunc per ludum
dorsum nudum
fero tui sceleris.

Sors salutis 
et virtutis
michi nunc contraria,
est affectus
et defectus
semper in angaria.
Hac in hora
sine mora
corde pulsum tangite;
quod per sortem
sternit fortem,
mecum omnes plangite!


''Fortune plango vulnera''

Fortune plango vulnera
stillantibus ocellis,
quod sua michi munera
subtrahit rebellis.

Verum est, quod legitur,
fronte capillata,
sed plerumque sequitur
occasio calvata.

In Fortune solio
sederam elatus,
prosperitatis vario
flore coronatus;

Quicquid enim florui
felix et beatus,
nunc a summo corrui
gloria privatus.

Fortune rota volvitur:
descendo minoratus;
alter in altum tollitur;
nimis exaltatus.

Rex sedet in vertice
-caveat ruinam!-
nam sub axe legimus
Hecubam reginam.


'''II. Primo vere'''

''Veris leta facies''

Veris leta facies
mundo propinatur,
hiemalis acies
victa iam fugatur.

In vestitu vario
Flora principatur,
nemorum  dulcisono
que cantu celebratur.
Ah!

Flore fusus gremio
Phebus novo more
risum dat, hoc vario
iam stipate flore.

Zephyrus nectareo
spirans in odore, 
certatim pro bravio
curramus in amore.
Ah!

Cytharizat cantico
dulcis Philomena;
flore rident vario
prata iam serena

Salit cetus avium
silve per amena,
chorus promit virginum
iam gaudia millena.
Ah!

''Omnia sol temperat''

Omnia Sol temperat 
purus et subtilis 
novo mundo reserat 
faciem Aprilis; 
ad Amorem properat 
animus herilis 
et iocundis imperat 
deus puerilis.

Rerum tanta novitas 
in solemni vere 
et veris auctoritas 
iubet nos gaudere; 
vias prebet solitas 
et in tuo vere 
fides est et probitas 
tuum retinere:

Ama me fideliter! 
Fidem meam nota: 
de corde totaliter 
et ex mente tota 
sum presentialiter 
absens in remota. 
Quisquis amat taliter 
volvitur in rota.

''Ecce gratum''

Ecce gratum
et optatum
Ver reducit gaudia,
purpuratum
floret pratum,
Sol serenat omnia.
Iamiam cedant tristia!
Estas redit,
nunc recedit
Hyemis sevitia. Ah!

Iam liquescit
et decrescit
grando, nix et cetera;
bruma fugit,
et iam sugit
Ver Estatis ubera;
illi mens est misera,
qui nec vivit,
nec lascivit
sub Estatis dextera. Ah!

Gloriantur
et letantur
in melle dulcedinis,
nessqui conantur,
ut utantur
premio Cupidinis:
simus jussu Cypridis
gloriantes
et letantes
pares esse Paridis. Ah!


'''III. Uf dem anger'''

''Tanz''

''Floret silva nobilis''

Floret silva nobilis
floribus et foliis.
Ubi est antiquus
meus amicus?
Hinc equitavit,
eia, quis me amabit?

Floret silva undique,
nah min gesellen ist mir we.
Gruonet der walt allenthalben,
wa ist min geselle alse lange?
Der ist geriten hinnen,
o wi, wer sol mich minnen?

''Chramer, gip die varwe mir''

Chramer, gip die varwe mir 
die min wengel roete, 
damit ich die jungen man 
an ir dank der minnenliebe noete. 
Seht mich an, jungen man! 
Lat mich iu gevallen! 

Minnet, tugentliche man, 
minnechliche frouwen! 
Minne tuot iu hoch gemuot 
unde lat iuch in hohen eren schouwen. 
Seht mich an, jungen man! 
Lat mich iu gevallen! 

Wol die, werlt, das du bist 
also freudenriche! 
Ich wil dir sin undertan 
durch din liebe immer sicherliche. 
Seht mich an, jungen man! 
Lat mich iu gevallen!

''Swaz hie gat umbe''

Swaz hie gat umbe, 
daz sint allez megede, 
die wellent an man 
alle disen sumer gan. 

Chume, chum, geselle min, 
ih enbite harte din, 
ih enbite harte din, 
chume, chum, geselle min. 

Suozer rosenvarwer munt, 
chum unde mache mich gesunt, 
chum unde mache mich gesunt, 
suozer rosenvarwer munt.

''Were diu werlt alle min''

Were diu werlt alle min
von deme mere unze an den Rin
des wolt ih mih darben,
daz diu chunegin von Engellant
lege an minen armen

'''IV. In Taberna'''

''Estuans interius''

Aestuans interius
ira vehementi
in amaritudine
loquor meae menti;
factus de materia,
cinis elementi,
similis sum folio,
de quo ludunt venti.

Cum sit enim proprium
viro sapienti
supra petram ponere
sedem fundamenti,
stultus ego comparor
fluvio labenti
sub eodem tramite
numquam permanenti.

Feror ego veluti
sine nauta navis,
ut per vias aeris
vaga fertur avis;
non me tenent vincula,
non me tenet clavis;
quaero mihi similes,
et adiungor pravis.

Mihi cordis gravitas
res videtur gravis;
iocus est amabilis
dulciorque favis;
quicquid Venus imperat,
labor est suavis,
quae numquam in cordibus
habitat ignavis.

Via lata gradior
more iuventutis,
implicor et vitiis
immemor virtutis,
voluptatis avidus
magis quam salutis,
mortuus in anima
curam gero cutis.

''Olim lacus colueram''

Olim lacus colueram,
olim pulcher exstiteram,
dum cygnus ego fueram.
Miser, miser!
modo niger
et ustus fortiter!

Girat, regirat garcifer;
me rogus urit fortiter;
propinat me nunc dapifer.
Miser, miser!
modo niger
et ustus fortiter!

Nunc in scutella iaceo,
et volitare nequeo;
dentes frendentes video.
Miser, miser!
modo niger
et ustus fortiter!

''Ego sum abbas''

Ego sum abbas Cucaniensis
et consilium meum est cum bibulis,
et in secta Decii voluntas mea est,
et qui mane me quaesierit in taberna
post vesperam nudus egredietur,
et sic denudatus veste clamabit:
Wafna, wafna! quid fecisti, Sors turpissima?
nostrae vitae gaudia
abstulisti omnia! 

''In taberna quando sumus''

In taberna quando sumus,
non curamus quid sit humus,
sed ad ludum properamus,
cui semper insudamus.
quid agatur in taberna
ubi nummus est pincerna,
hoc est opus ut quaeratur;
si quid loquar, audiatur.
Si quid loquar, audiatur.

Quidam ludunt,
quidam bibunt,
quidam indiscrete vivunt.
sed in ludo qui morantur,
ex his quidam denudantur,
quidam ibi vestiuntur,
quidam saccis induuntur;
ibi nullus timet mortem,
sed pro Baccho mittunt sortem.
Sed pro baccho mittunt sortem.

Primo pro nummata vini;
ex hac bibunt libertini;
semel bibunt pro captivis,
post haec bibunt ter pro vivis,
quater pro Christianis cunctis,
quinquies pro fidelibus defunctis,
sexies pro sororibus vanis,
septies pro militibus silvanis.
octies pro fratribus perversis,
nonies pro monachis dispersis,
decies pro navigantibus,
undecies pro discordantibus,
duodecies pro paenitentibus,
tredecies pro iter agentibus.

Tam pro papa quam pro rege
bibunt omnes sine lege.
Bibit hera, bibit herus,
bibit miles, bibit clerus,
bibit ille, bibit illa,
bibit servus cum ancilla,
bibit velox, bibit piger,
bibit albus, bibit niger,
bibit constans, bibit vagus,
bibit rudis, bibit magus,
Bibit pauper et aegrotus,
bibit exul et ignotus,
bibit puer, bibit canus,
bibit praesul et decanus,
bibit soror, bibit frater,
bibit anus, bibit mater,
bibit ista, bibit ille,
bibunt centum, bibunt mille.

Parum sescentae nummatae
durant cum immoderate
bibunt omnes sine meta,
quamvis bibant mente laeta;
sic nos rodunt omnes gentes,
et sic erimus egentes.
qui nos rodunt confundantur
et cum iustis non scribantur. 

'''V. Cour d'amours'''

''Amor volat undique''

Amor volat undique,
captus est libidine.
iuvenes, iuvenculae,
coniunguntur merito.
siqua sine socio,
caret omni gaudio;
tenet noctis infima
sub intimo
cordis in custodia; fit res amarissima.

''Dies, nox et omnia''

Dies, nox, et omnia
mihi sunt contraria;
virginum colloquia
me fay planszer,
oy suvenz suspirer,
plu me fay temer.

O sodales, ludite,
vos qui scitis dicite,
mihi maesto parcite,
grand ey dolur,
attamen consulite
per voster honur.

Tua pulchra facies,
me fay planszer milies,
pectus habens glacies,
a ramender ...
statim vivus
fierem per un baser.


''Stetit puella''

Stetit puella
rufa tunica;
si quis eam tetigit,
tunica crepuit.
eia!

Stetit puella,
tamquam rosula;
facie splenduit,
os eius floruit.
eia!

''Circa mea pectora''

Circa mea pectora
multa sunt suspiria
de tua pulchritudine,
quae me laedunt misere.
Manda liet, manda liet,
min geselle
chumet niet.

Tui lucent oculi
sicut solis radii,
sicut splendor fulguris
lucem donat tenebris.
Manda liet, manda liet,
min geselle
chumet niet.

Vellet Deus,
vellent dii,
quod mente proposui,
ut eius virginea
reserassem vincula.
Manda liet,
manda liet,
min geselle
chumet niet.

''Si puer cum puellula''

Si puer cum puellula
moraretur in cellula,
felix coniunctio.
Amore succrescente,
pariter e medio
propulso procul taedio,
fit ludus ineffabilis
membris, lacertis, labiis.

''Veni, veni, venias''

Veni, veni, venias,
ne me mori facias,
hyrca, hyrce, nazara;
trilirivos.

Pulchra tibi facies,
oculorum acies,
capillorum series;
o quam clara species!

Rosa rubicundior,
Lilio candidior,
omnibus formosior;
semper in te glorior!

''In trutina''

In trutina mentis dubia
fluctuant contraria
lascivus amor et pudicitia.
Sed eligo quod video,
collum iugo praebeo;
ad iugum tam suave transeo.

''Tempus est iocundum''

Tempus est iocundum,
o virgines,
modo congaudete
vos iuvenes.

Oh - oh, totus floreo,
iam amore virginali
totus ardeo,
novus, novus amor est,
quo pereo.

Mea me comfortat
promissio,
mea me deportat
negatio.

Oh - oh, totus floreo,
iam amore virginali
totus ardeo,
novus, novus amor est,
quo pereo.

Tempore brumali
vir patiens,
animo vernali
lasciviens.

Oh - oh, totus floreo,
iam amore virginali
totus ardeo,
novus, novus amor est,
quo pereo.

Mea mecum ludit
virginitas,
mea me detrudit
simplicitas.

Oh - oh, totus floreo,
iam amore virginali
totus ardeo,
novus, novus amor est,
quo pereo.

Veni, domicella,
cum gaudio;
veni, veni, pulchra,
iam pereo.

Oh - oh, totus floreo,
iam amore virginali
totus ardeo,
novus, novus amor est,
quo pereo.

''Dulcissime''
Dulcissime,
totam tibi subdo me!

'''VI. Blanziflor et Helena'''

''Ave formosissima''

Ave formosissima,
gemma pretiosa,
ave, decus virginum,
virgo gloriosa,
ave, mundi luminar,
ave, mundi rosa,
Blanziflor et Helena,
Venus generosa.


'''VII. Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi'''

''O Fortuna''

O Fortuna 
velut luna 
statu variabilis,
semper crescis 
aut decrescis;
vita detestabilis
nunc obdurat
et tunc curat
ludo mentis aciem,
egestatem,
potestatem
dissolvit ut glaciem.

Sors immanis
et inanis,
rota tu volubilis,
status malus,
vana salus 
semper dissolubilis,
obumbrata 
et velata
michi quoque niteris;
nunc per ludum
dorsum nudum
fero tui sceleris.

Sors salutis 
et virtutis
michi nunc contraria,
est affectus
et defectus
semper in angaria.
Hac in hora
sine mora
corde pulsum tangite;
quod per sortem
sternit fortem,
mecum omnes plangite!
&lt;/poem&gt;

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&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Liber
|Ante= Requiem
|AnteNomen= ../Requiem, Mozart K. 626
|Post= Vesperae solennes de Confessore
|PostNomen= ../Vesperae solennes de Confessore
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Missa solemnis, Beethoven}}}} Op. 123}}


&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Kyrie'''

''Kyrie eleison''
Kyrie eleison.

''Christe eleison''
Christe eleison.

''Kyrie eleison''
Kyrie eleison.

'''II. Gloria'''

''Gloria in excelsis Deo''
Gloria in excelsis Deo.
Et in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis.
Laudamus te.
Benedicimus te.
Adoramus te.
Glorificamus te.
Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam.
Domine Deus, Rex caelestis, Deus Pater omnipotens.
Domine Fili unigenite, Iesu Christe.
Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris.

''Qui tollis peccata mundi''
Qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Qui tollis peccata mundi, suscipe deprecationem nostram.
Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris, miserere nobis.

''Quoniam tu solus Sanctus''
Quoniam tu solus Sanctus.
Tu solus Dominus.
Tu solus Altissimus, Iesu Christe.
Cum Sancto Spiritu, 

''in gloria Dei Patris''
in gloria Dei Patris.

''Amen – Quoniam tu solus Sanctus''
Amen.

'''III. Credo'''

''Credo in unum Deum''
Credo in unum Deum.
Patrem omnipotentem,
factorem caeli et terrae,
visibilium omnium et invisibilium.
Et in unum Dominum
Jesum Christum,
Filium Dei unigenitum,
Et ex Patre natum ante omnia saecula.
Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine,
Deum verum de Deo vero.
Genitum, non factum,
consubstantialem Patri:
per quem omnia facta sunt.
Qui propter nostram salutem
descendit de caelis.

''Et incarnatus est''
Et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto
ex Maria Virgine:
Et homo factus est.
Crucifixus etiam pro nobis sub Pontio Pilato:
passus, et sepultus est.
Et resurrexit tertia die,
secundum scripturas.

''Et ascendit in caelum''
Et ascendit in caelum:
sedet ad dexteram Patris.
Et iterum venturus est
cum gloria judicare vivos et mortuos:
Cujus regni non erit finis.
Et in Spiritum sanctum Dominum,
et vivificantem:
Qui ex Patre, Filioque procedit.
Qui cum Patre, et Filio simul adoratur,
et conglorificatur:
Qui locutus est per Prophetas.
Et unam, sanctam, catholicam et apostolicam Ecclesiam.
Confiteor unum baptisma
in remissionem peccatorum.
Et expecto resurrectionem mortuorum

''Et vitam venturi saeculi.''
Et vitam venturi saeculi.

''Amen.''
Amen.

'''IV. Sanctus'''

Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus,
Dominus Deus Sabaoth.
Pleni sunt coeli et terra gloria tua.
Hosanna in excelsis.

'''V. Benedictus'''

Benedictus qui venit
in nomine Domini.
Hosanna in excelsis.

'''VI. Agnus Dei'''

Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona nobis pacem


&lt;/poem&gt;
{{NarrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>33kegpedg49w49ln45uznj0kx0d7dgn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Missa Brevis, Bach BWV 235</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3146</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8746</id>
      <parentid>8743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-29T18:44:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1139" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Missa Brevis, Bach}}}} BWV 235}}

&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Kyrie''' 

Kyrie eleison. 
Christe eleison. 
Kyrie eleison.

'''II. Gloria''' 

Gloria in excelsis Deo
et in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis.
Laudamus te,
benedicimus te,
adoramus te,
glorificamus te,

Quoniam tu solus Sanctus, tu solus Dominus, tu solus Altissimus,
Iesu Christe, cum Sancto Spiritu: in gloria Dei Patris. Amen

'''III. Gratias agimus tibi''' 

Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam,
Domine Deus, Rex caelestis,
Deus Pater omnipotens.

'''IV. Domine Fili''' 

Domine Fili unigenite, Iesu Christe,
Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris,

'''V. Qui tollis'''

Qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis;
Qui tollis peccata mundi, suscipe deprecationem nostram.
Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris, miserere nobis.

Quoniam tu solus sanctus, tu solus Dominus,
Tu solus altissimus, Jesu Christe.

'''VI. Cum Sancta Spiritu''' 
Cum Sancto Spiritu in gloria Dei Patris, 
Amen.

&lt;/poem&gt;
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/O magnum mysterium, Palestrina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3147</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8740</id>
      <parentid>8739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-29T17:27:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="579" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|O magnum mysterium, Palestrina}}}} }}

&lt;poem&gt;
''Pars prima''
O magnum  mysterium et admirabile sacramentum
ut animalia viderent Dominum natum
iacentem in  praesepio.
Natum  vidimus et chorus angelorum
collaudantes  Dominum. Alleluia.

''Pars secunda''
Quem vidistis pastores?
Dicite, annunciate nobis quis apparuit?
natum vidimus et chorus angelorum
collaudantes Dominum. Alleluia.
&lt;/poem&gt;
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      <sha1>ka5u09wbm6bz8b758qcpdbwlpnp3hq8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Missa Papae Marcelli, Palestrina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3148</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8757</id>
      <parentid>8753</parentid>
      <timestamp>2020-11-29T21:38:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1956" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= 
|PostNomen= ../
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Missa Papae Marcelli}}}} 1562}}
{{c|{{larger|{{sc|Ioannes Petrus Aloysius Praenestinus}}}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Kyrie'''

Kyrie eleison. 
Christe eleison. 
Kyrie eleison.

'''II. Gloria'''

Gloria in excelsis Deo
et in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis.
Laudamus te,
benedicimus te,
adoramus te,
glorificamus te,

Quoniam tu solus Sanctus, tu solus Dominus, tu solus Altissimus,
Iesu Christe, cum Sancto Spiritu: in gloria Dei Patris. Amen

'''III. Credo'''

Credo in unum Deum,
Patrem omnipoténtem,
factórem cæli et terræ,
visibílium ómnium et invisibílium.
Et in unum Dóminum, Iesum Christum,
Fílium Dei unigénitum,
et ex Patre natum ante ómnia sǽcula.
Deum de Deo, lumen de lúmine, Deum verum de Deo vero,
génitum, non factum, consubstantiálem Patri:
per quem ómnia facta sunt.
Qui propter nos hómines et propter nostram salútem
descéndit de cælis.
Et incarnátus est de Spíritu Sancto
ex María Vírgine, et homo factus est.
Crucifíxus étiam pro nobis sub Póntio Piláto;
passus et sepúltus est,
et resurréxit tértia die, secúndum Scriptúras,
et ascéndit in cælum, sedet ad déxteram Patris.
Et íterum ventúrus est cum glória,
iudicáre vivos et mórtuos,
cuius regni non erit finis.
Et in Spíritum Sanctum, Dóminum et vivificántem:
qui ex Patre Filióque procédit.
Qui cum Patre et Fílio simul adorátur et conglorificátur:
qui locútus est per prophétas.
Et unam, sanctam, cathólicam et apostólicam Ecclésiam.
Confíteor unum baptísma in remissiónem peccatórum.
Et exspécto resurrectiónem mortuórum,
et vitam ventúri sǽculi. Amen

'''IV. Sanctus / Benedictus'''

'''V. Agnus Dei'''
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona nobis pacem.
&lt;/poem&gt;
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      <sha1>rgl4ggzvtqgyfhqy1i2tefmqy18y6up</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9330</id>
      <parentid>9329</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:50:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Salopiensis comitatus */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="996" xml:space="preserve">==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus|Herefordiensis Comitatus]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia|Essexia]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus|Salopiensis comitatus]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus|Lincolniensis comitatus]]==

==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius|Londinium Maius]]==

==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus|Warwicensis comitatus]]==

==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vignorniensis comitatus|Vignorniensis comitatus]]==

==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum|Nomina Episcoporum]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Forestarum|Nomina Forestarum]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis|Urbs Londiniensis]]==


==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum|Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum]]==
==[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora|Nomina Minora]]==</text>
      <sha1>9wz5rrkcpa3u60p4cpinlnuvqpsrezr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3158</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9327</id>
      <parentid>8839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:50:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Parvus Campus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="109" xml:space="preserve">Parvus Campus, Grimesbeia.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/edit?node=2702491528#map=13/53.5603/-0.1045 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>73smkn0dcez7cefv0eb28tq79rusunj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>P/Parvus Campus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3159</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus" />
    <revision>
      <id>10174</id>
      <parentid>8832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:09:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus]]</text>
      <sha1>ac5b8268qjojvjigykl5ziou6keqzjc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3160</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9222</id>
      <parentid>9178</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:42:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="888" xml:space="preserve">


* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/A|A]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B|B]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C|C]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E|E]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F|F]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/G|G]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H|H]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K|K]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L|L]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M|M]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/O|O]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P|P]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/R|R]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/T|T]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/W|W]]</text>
      <sha1>6q0fm6ytg8ck0jc90sie9i4ef3z9316</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>P/</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3161</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P" />
    <revision>
      <id>8837</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-27T18:34:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[P/]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P]]</text>
      <sha1>lvw37wlkvaetejuoq1b2iyafjdahhzi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3162</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9347</id>
      <parentid>8842</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:58:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pons de Tackford]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">Anglice: Tackford Bridge, Warwickshire</text>
      <sha1>bcs2zhrbj2yjndvr6lp87jqmkmyg5n4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3164</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9359</id>
      <parentid>8849</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:03:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/W/Waltona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="104" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Little Walton''

Waltona, Waltuna. [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.4399/-1.2648 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r3zx1nbmri2kak68p8nis0ogh394vsb</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Waltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3165</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10175</id>
      <parentid>8848</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:09:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</text>
      <sha1>8zmd7dsjffj65f81ldw3wa4p63sm4l5</sha1>
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    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/Waltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10155</id>
      <parentid>8850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</text>
      <sha1>8zmd7dsjffj65f81ldw3wa4p63sm4l5</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8856</id>
      <parentid>8851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-01-28T18:45:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[B/]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">* [[../Brueria de Wolveia]]</text>
      <sha1>2nbq88s0e4onb5jogjtejsm56ehgl66</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Brueria de Wolveia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3168</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8858</id>
      <parentid>8852</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-01-28T18:46:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[B/Brueria de Wolveia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Brueria de Wolveia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="116" xml:space="preserve">Anglice, ''Wolvey Heath''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?query=wolvey%20heath#map=16/52.4906/-1.3606 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>4eqrlcl9aw7q9ktts3yarptfg19kwyj</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>B/</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/" />
    <revision>
      <id>8857</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-28T18:45:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[B/]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="65" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/]]</text>
      <sha1>kwsjcty20txml2k96x2kyrrfdappwfo</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>B/Brueria de Wolveia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3170</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Brueria de Wolveia" />
    <revision>
      <id>8859</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-28T18:46:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[B/Brueria de Wolveia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Brueria de Wolveia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Brueria de Wolveia]]</text>
      <sha1>jq1gq78rx35p4in7qvf0c7gh48qintg</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Prielea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3171</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9338</id>
      <parentid>8861</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:56:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Prielea]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Prielea]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="92" xml:space="preserve">* Anglice ''Prickley Green''
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=17/52.25419/-2.34740 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r0d9wzgp3hrpwssxflxfurrp7r0ilys</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3173</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9190</id>
      <parentid>8863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:23:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Clifton ultra Tamedam]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="91" xml:space="preserve">* Anglice Clifton-upon-Teme
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=19/52.25148/-2.42100 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>lssk3mnavozzowwl281vh0dlfcb9p9b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9324</id>
      <parentid>8870</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:46:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/O/Ouresleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="132" xml:space="preserve">Sive ''Oueresleia'', ''Uverleia''

Anglice ''Oversley'', ''Overseley Green''

* [[https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/476682413 OSM]]</text>
      <sha1>5lfyb7h69ya5xiwagtif6dec7v0jnyw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/O/Oueresleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3176</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10153</id>
      <parentid>8869</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:05:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia]]</text>
      <sha1>l15d5khtnfipfl13z8j9cj1s301j241</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3177</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9335</id>
      <parentid>8874</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:54:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pineleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Pinley Green''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2252054201 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>4lautifcm4b2xrtru0b23olt3rufu8b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pinleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3178</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10154</id>
      <parentid>8875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia]]</text>
      <sha1>ml3803vim2hjyj56a0nug1sye1w8r2u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3180</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9291</id>
      <parentid>9289</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:30:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comtitatus/Mapelberga]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">Anglice Mappleborough Green
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/335725722 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>kgwdm7e2n3u1l3u3locvvxhpf2uw7um</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9310</id>
      <parentid>8902</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:39:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Milcote super Avene]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Milcote''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.1621/-1.7576 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5si9rskqad62n09a5ru5zc2ilcz33cs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9167</id>
      <parentid>9165</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:27:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumWarwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" xml:space="preserve">Anglice Bishopton

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3439220977 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>9eqeu8s841vyiarjtro572krrwd7ke1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>..B/Bissopsdona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3184</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10126</id>
      <parentid>8886</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:01:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</text>
      <sha1>9bmqjghcjyl2iowrrme5m3alnnlus8r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Butteleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3185</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9169</id>
      <parentid>8889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:29:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Butteleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Butteleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="87" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Botley Hill''
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=19/52.31060/-1.79065 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>0l37qs722zp365i1esnps3bih6yxcr6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3187</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9207</id>
      <parentid>8894</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:32:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Edrichestona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Edstone''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2677713173 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>366sfxy97nqj7v12ws4ea02fu9ipa73</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3188</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9323</id>
      <parentid>9315</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:45:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="198" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Mockley'', ''Mockley Wood''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/47313800#map=16/52.3179/-1.8235 OSM]

* [[../Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia|Boscus de Molkeleia]]
*[[../Molkeleia/Rivulus]]</text>
      <sha1>ppgpvbeil5ji527so5aviwyndh2f57u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/M/Molkeleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3189</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10148</id>
      <parentid>8900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:05:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia]]</text>
      <sha1>ndznazi6xulw8hzu3he2yy2feho94ki</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/M/Milcote super Avene</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3190</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene" />
    <revision>
      <id>10147</id>
      <parentid>8903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="90" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene]]</text>
      <sha1>lh2nafdubntacgfcobnm6mlca3e0k5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/M/Mapelberga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3191</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10146</id>
      <parentid>8905</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9319</id>
      <parentid>9313</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:43:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Mockley Wood''
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/47313800#map=16/52.3179/-1.8235 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>eui3q5gmqobf7no4mqqvp8kwb0pw0f4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3194</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9356</id>
      <parentid>8914</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:02:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/T/Tachbrook Episcopi]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bishops Tachbrook''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1143690282#map=13/52.2497/-1.5418 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>kkx65b9k4isff25om4pcqbhquhwlq7t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3195</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9196</id>
      <parentid>9186</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:25:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cestertona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Chesterton Green''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2054439952 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>jmpybb4bonc752qogzld5f7ya1epdsu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Parva Cestertona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3196</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9332</id>
      <parentid>8918</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:53:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Parva Cestertona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Parva Cestertona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kingston''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.2033/-1.4752 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>lkz244likuytvq2f8i6nqbqbxnjhsy6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3197</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8925</id>
      <parentid>8923</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:30:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus]]</text>
      <sha1>ctb59c4bgop05gwxm6mv2d7xz3kguom</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nomina Minora</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3198</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora" />
    <revision>
      <id>8922</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:29:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Nomina Minora]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="62" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora]]</text>
      <sha1>hy1ati0azb32qlh5tvlhyui49vli127</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nomina Episcoporum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3199</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum" />
    <revision>
      <id>8924</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:30:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Nomina Episcoporum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum]]</text>
      <sha1>4f0qmhqw4awvqdgi6ep5xpb04xn4wzs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8928</id>
      <parentid>8926</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:33:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" xml:space="preserve">* [[../Nomina Episcoporum/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]]</text>
      <sha1>1j1vl87dseqxpm8cwjhbkvgh4fc81ty</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3201</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8929</id>
      <parentid>8927</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:34:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''St Godwalds''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/343728259 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3jt27ty0m6nxx6nfmmqsstz58987p34</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3202</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi" />
    <revision>
      <id>8930</id>
      <timestamp>2021-01-31T15:34:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="116" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Episcoporum/Wigorniensis Comitatus/Episcopus Sancti Godwaldi]]</text>
      <sha1>rmg0wk2n2dkkfslquzio9akjrw3ymxu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3204</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9225</id>
      <parentid>8933</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:44:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Fulreda]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">Anglice, ''Fulready'' sive 'Fulready''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1611835050 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>okgf4mtx8s1h99d484q7cz43ihehv3p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3206</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9277</id>
      <parentid>8935</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:24:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Longus Pons]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Longbridge''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2685061040 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>sttqkjqvgwuyhvsjgw2hbmx3sp0mr7l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3207</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9194</id>
      <parentid>9192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:25:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cota]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Coten End''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8381079789 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>6okwofllwg5zhapvdsymq5jznoxa97x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3208</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9362</id>
      <parentid>8941</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:04:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/Wudelau]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="117" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Woodloes'', ''Woodloes Park''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2621736239#map=15/52.2949/-1.5864 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hifh6ftsnjdips4r52lzyw4tvf88nxg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9498</id>
      <parentid>9188</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T00:37:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Castrum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Castle Hill''
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1513310628#map=16/52.0562/-1.5514 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>rnsom8ul8mehkiyff60ulv0zwnsabfc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Forestarum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3210</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8948</id>
      <parentid>8947</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-01T18:44:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="183" xml:space="preserve">* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Forestarum/Foresta de Feckenham|Foresta de Feckenham]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Forestarum/Foresta de |Foresta de ]]</text>
      <sha1>p7p8h2114swuoaengmph10zj1r0kfrv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3211</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9960</id>
      <parentid>9959</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:54:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3682" xml:space="preserve">==Wards==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!Ward
|-
|[[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Alneani|Porta Alneani (Aldersgate)]]
|-
|[[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta|Vetus Porta (Aldgate)]]
|-
|Bassishaw
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Bellini (Regio)|Porta Bellini]] (Billingsgate)
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Episcopi (Regio)|Porta Episcopi]] (Bishopsgate)
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Palustris Vicus (Regio)|Palustris Vicus (Bread Street)]]
|-
|Bridge 
|-
|Broad Street
|-
|Candlewick
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Bainardi Castellum|Bainardi Castellum (Castle Baynard)]]
|-
|[[../Urbs Londiniensis/Forum (Regio)|Forum (Cheap)]]
|-
| Coleman Street
|-
|Cordwainer
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Regio)|Hordeaceus Collis (Cornhill)]]
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Contractorum|Porta Contractorum (Cripplegate)]]
|-
|Dowgate
|-
|Farringdon Within
|-
|Farringdon Without
|-
|Langbourn
|-
|Lime Street 
|-
|Portsoken
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Ripa Reginalis|Ripa Reginalis Queenhithe]]
|-
|Tower 
|-
| [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vinetria| Vinetria Vintry]]
|-
|Walbrook
|}

==Porta==
* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Episcopi|Porta Episcopi (Bishopsgate)]]
* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Luddi Porta|Luddi Porta (Ludgate)]]

==Vici, fora==

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Aldermannorum Burgus parochia|Aldermannorum Burgus parochia]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Ballium|Ballium]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Cervina Platea|Cervina Platea]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus|Novus Vicus, sive Vicus Conversorum]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium|Novum Escambium]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Escambium|Vetus Escambium]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Forum Veteris Escambii|Forum Veteris Escambii]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani|Venella Veteris Decani]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Episcopi (Via)|Porta Episcopi]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria|Vetus Piscaria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria|Novus Piscaria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Piscaria|Piscaria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Forum|Forum]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis|Hordeaceus Collis]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Regius Cordariorum|Vicus Regius Cordariorum]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Iter a Deva Londinium|Iter a Deva Londinium]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus de Flete|Vicus de Flete]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Lacteus|Vicus Lacteus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Argenteus Vicus| Argenteus  Vicus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (LTS)|Vicus super Ripam Tamesis]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)|Vicus super Ripam Tamesis]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Turris|Vicus Turris]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Viculus Ferrariorum|Viculus Ferrariorum]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Viculus Mellis|Viculus Mellis]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Palustris Vicus|Palustris Vicus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Carnificium Occidentalium|Vicus Carnificium Occidentalium]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Ave Maria|Vicus Ave Maria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Colmannus|Vicus Colmannus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Longobardicus|Vicus Longobardicus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria|Vetus Piscaria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Sanctae Mariae Attenax|Vicus Sanctae Mariae Attenax]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Smegmaticus|Vicus Smegmaticus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Sanctae Brigidae|Venella Sanctae Brigidae]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Poletria|Poletria]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Barbacana|Barbacana]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus|Vetus Judaismus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus|Pauperum Judaismus]]

* [[../Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Ligneus|Vicus Ligneus]]</text>
      <sha1>cz63jm3h2h04k33pn4pgmf14a6dde5d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3212</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9131</id>
      <parentid>8954</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Novus Vicus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="144" xml:space="preserve">Novus Vicus, sive ''Vicus Conversorum''

Anglice ''Chancery Lane''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/841072591#map=19/51.51561/-0.11171 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>g4kx4mn477w07w3d2hnpuusvuhav2nd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3213</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9135</id>
      <parentid>8957</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:39:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Venella Veteris Decani]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Old Dean's Lane, sive Warwick Lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4083995 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hokxpd1ncvg0646jw0w56zfcidebmmp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3214</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9308</id>
      <parentid>8960</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:38:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Middeltona, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Milton'', 

Essexia

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8394624354 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>frx554m7mb20xwhoe0vqk22iroyh59g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Middeltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3215</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10151</id>
      <parentid>8961</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona]]</text>
      <sha1>revlauhz3rn8bhmtfo2zck80fo96j8v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Mapelberga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3216</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10149</id>
      <parentid>8963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:05:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3218</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9353</id>
      <parentid>8968</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:00:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/R/Raelega, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Rayleigh''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3093782 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>or2d5romk5we2sechqz5l53swgkl2s4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Cite book</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3219</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8969</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-04T17:35:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} {{collapse top|TemplateData}} {{Cite book/TemplateData...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="200" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=book
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
{{collapse top|TemplateData}}
{{Cite book/TemplateData}}
{{collapse bottom}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>my4yy07itdv4e2t5sc1x4l3pzgpmzo7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3220</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8970</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-04T17:37:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' require('Module:No globals');  --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------  each of these counts...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="203425" xml:space="preserve">
require('Module:No globals');

--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------

each of these counts against the Lua upvalue limit

]]

local validation;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation

local utilities;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local z ={};																	-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local identifiers;																-- functions and tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers
local metadata;																	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinS
local cfg = {};																	-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
local whitelist = {};															-- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

declare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; that are created here and used here

]]

local added_deprecated_cat;														-- Boolean flag so that the category is added only once
local added_vanc_errs;															-- Boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / category

local Frame;																	-- holds the module's frame table


--[[--------------------------&lt; F I R S T _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Locates and returns the first set value in a table of values where the order established in the table,
left-to-right (or top-to-bottom), is the order in which the values are evaluated.  Returns nil if none are set.

This version replaces the original 'for _, val in pairs do' and a similar version that used ipairs.  With the pairs
version the order of evaluation could not be guaranteed.  With the ipairs version, a nil value would terminate
the for-loop before it reached the actual end of the list.

]]

local function first_set (list, count)
	local i = 1;
	while i &lt;= count do															-- loop through all items in list
		if utilities.is_set( list[i] ) then
			return list[i];														-- return the first set list member
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist.
To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted.

added_vanc_errs is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function add_vanc_error (source)
	if not added_vanc_errs then
		added_vanc_errs = true;													-- note that we've added this category
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_vancouver', {source}, true ) } );
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S C H E M E &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

does this thing that purports to be a URI scheme seem to be a valid scheme?  The scheme is checked to see if it
is in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:
	Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a
   letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus
   (&quot;+&quot;), period (&quot;.&quot;), or hyphen (&quot;-&quot;).

returns true if it does, else false

]]

local function is_scheme (scheme)
	return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');						-- true if scheme is set and matches the pattern
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name?

Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5
BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234
Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;
	see also [[Single-letter second-level domain]]
list of TLDs: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db

RFC 952 (modified by RFC 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit.  Between
the first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen.

Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supported

domain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the TLD.  tld
is two or more alpha characters.  Any preceding '//' (from splitting a URL with a scheme) will be stripped
here.  Perhaps not necessary but retained in case it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal.

There are several tests:
	the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digit
	internationalized domain name (ASCII characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the TLD) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490
	single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org, .cash, and .today TLDs
	q, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLD
	i and q SL domains in the .net TLD
	single-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)
	two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowed

returns true if domain appears to be a proper name and TLD or IPv4 address, else false

]=]

local function is_domain_name (domain)
	if not domain then
		return false;															-- if not set, abandon
	end
	
	domain = domain:gsub ('^//', '');											-- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it once
	
	if not domain:match ('^[%w]') then											-- first character must be letter or digit
		return false;
	end

	if domain:match ('^%a+:') then												-- hack to detect things that look like s:Page:Title where Page: is namespace at Wikisource
		return false;
	end

	local patterns = {															-- patterns that look like URLs
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.%a%a+$',										-- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tld
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.xn%-%-[%w]+$',									-- internationalized domain name with ACE prefix
		'%f[%a][qxz]%.com$',													-- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%a][iq]%.net$',														-- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%w][%w]%.%a%a$',													-- one character hostname and ccTLD (2 chars)
		'%f[%w][%w][%w]%.%a%a+$',												-- two character hostname and TLD
		'^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?',								-- IPv4 address
		}

	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- loop through the patterns list
		if domain:match (pattern) then
			return true;														-- if a match then we think that this thing that purports to be a URL is a URL
		end
	end

	for _, d in ipairs ({'cash', 'company', 'today', 'org'}) do					-- look for single letter second level domain names for these top level domains
		if domain:match ('%f[%w][%w]%.' .. d) then
			return true
		end
	end
	return false;																-- no matches, we don't know what this thing is
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a URL appear to be a valid URL; else false.

This function is the last step in the validation process.  This function is separate because there are cases that
are not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted external
wikilinks.

]]

local function is_url (scheme, domain)
	if utilities.is_set (scheme) then											-- if scheme is set check it and domain
		return is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);
	else
		return is_domain_name (domain);											-- scheme not set when URL is protocol-relative
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S P L I T _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Split a URL into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain.

First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following TLD) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#).

If protocol-relative URL, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain.

When not protocol-relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain.  If there is an authority indicator (one
or more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2.

Any URL that does not have news: scheme must have authority indicator (//).  TODO: are there other common schemes
like news: that don't use authority indicator?

Strip off any port and path;

]]

local function split_url (url_str)
	local scheme, authority, domain;
	
	url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1');						-- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')

	if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then											-- if there is what appears to be a protocol-relative URL
		domain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)')
	elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then										-- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain name
		scheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)');			-- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portions
		if utilities.is_set (authority) then
			authority = authority:gsub ('//', '', 1);							-- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing;
			if utilities.is_set(authority) then									-- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) then
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		else
			if not scheme:match ('^news:') then									-- except for news:..., MediaWiki won't link URLs that do not have authority indicator; TODO: a better way to do this test?
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		end
		domain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1');								-- strip port number if present
	end
	
	return scheme, domain;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link=, etc. for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no URLs

Link parameters are to hold the title of a Wikipedia article, so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:
	# &lt; &gt; [ ] | { } _
except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki URLs and # which is used for section links

returns false when the value contains any of these characters.

When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL (the
|&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid URL (the |&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is NOT ok).

]]

local function link_param_ok (value)
	local scheme, domain;
	if value:find ('[&lt;&gt;%[%]|{}]') then											-- if any prohibited characters
		return false;
	end

	scheme, domain = split_url (value);											-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL; 
	return not is_url (scheme, domain);											-- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

Use link_param_ok() to validate |&lt;param&gt;-link= value and its matching |&lt;title&gt;= value.

|&lt;title&gt;= may be wiki-linked but not when |&lt;param&gt;-link= has a value.  This function emits an error message when
that condition exists

check &lt;link&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link prefix.  prefix must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code and must begin with a colon.

]]

local function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig)
local orig;
	if utilities.is_set (link) then 											-- don't bother if &lt;param&gt;-link doesn't have a value
		if not link_param_ok (link) then										-- check |&lt;param&gt;-link= markup
			orig = lorig;														-- identify the failing link parameter
		elseif title:find ('%[%[') then											-- check |title= for wikilink markup
			orig = torig;														-- identify the failing |title= parameter
		elseif link:match ('^%a+:') then										-- if the link is what looks like an interwiki
			local prefix = link:match ('^(%a+):'):lower();						-- get the interwiki prefix

			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix] then									-- if prefix is in the map, must have preceding colon
				orig = lorig;													-- flag as error
			end
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (orig) then
		link = '';																-- unset
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_bad_paramlink', orig)});	-- URL or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;
	end
	
	return link;																-- link if ok, empty string else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid.

First we test for space characters.  If any are found, return false.  Then split the URL into scheme and domain
portions, or for protocol-relative (//example.com) URLs, just the domain.  Use is_url() to validate the two
portions of the URL.  If both are valid, or for protocol-relative if domain is valid, return true, else false.

Because it is different from a standard URL, and because this module used external_link() to make external links
that work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here.  The specification for a newsgroup name
is at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4

]]

local function check_url( url_str )
	if nil == url_str:match (&quot;^%S+$&quot;) then										-- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper URL
		return false;
	end
	local scheme, domain;

	scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);										-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL;
	
	if 'news:' == scheme then													-- special case for newsgroups
		return domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');
	end
	
	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------

Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the first
non-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a URL.  The test will also find external wikilinks
that use protocol-relative URLs. Also finds bare URLs.

The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki-links which are similar to scheme:path URLs.  The tests that
find bracketed URLs are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=,
and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[//Hus]]
is possible as might be [[en://Hus]].

]=]

local function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value)
local scheme, domain;

	if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then								-- if ext. wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[//%S+.*%]') then								-- if protocol-relative ext. wikilink: [//yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then										-- if bare URL with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));
	elseif value:match ('//%S+') then											-- if protocol-relative bare URL: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));					-- what is left should be the domain
	else
		return false;															-- didn't find anything that is obviously a URL
	end

	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

loop through a list of parameters and their values.  Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message.

]]

local function check_for_url (parameter_list)
local error_message = '';
	for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do										-- for each parameter in the list
		if is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then									-- look at the value; if there is a URL add an error message
			if utilities.is_set(error_message) then								-- once we've added the first portion of the error message ...
				error_message = error_message .. &quot;, &quot;;							-- ... add a comma space separator
			end
			error_message = error_message .. &quot;&amp;#124;&quot; .. k .. &quot;=&quot;;				-- add the failed parameter
		end
	end
	if utilities.is_set (error_message) then									-- done looping, if there is an error message, display it
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_param_has_ext_link', {error_message}, true ) } );
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ F O R _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions

]]

local function safe_for_url( str )
	if str:match( &quot;%[%[.-%]%]&quot; ) ~= nil then 
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_wikilink_in_url', {}, true ) } );
	end
	
	return str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {	
		['['] = '&amp;#91;',
		[']'] = '&amp;#93;',
		['\n'] = ' ' } );
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T E R N A L _ L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Format an external link with error checking

]]

local function external_link( URL, label, source, access)
	local error_str = &quot;&quot;;
	local domain;
	local path;
	local base_url;

	if not utilities.is_set ( label ) then
		label = URL;
		if utilities.is_set ( source ) then
			error_str = utilities.set_message ( 'err_bare_url_missing_title', { utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source) }, false, &quot; &quot; );
		else
			error( cfg.messages[&quot;bare_url_no_origin&quot;] );
		end			
	end
	if not check_url( URL ) then
		error_str = utilities.set_message ( 'err_bad_url', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)}, false, &quot; &quot; ) .. error_str;
	end
	
	domain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');					-- split the URL into scheme plus domain and path
	if path then																-- if there is a path portion
		path = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['['] = '%5b', [']'] = '%5d'});					-- replace '[' and ']' with their percent-encoded values
		URL = table.concat ({domain, path});									-- and reassemble
	end

	base_url = table.concat({ &quot;[&quot;, URL, &quot; &quot;, safe_for_url (label), &quot;]&quot; });		-- assemble a wiki-markup URL

	if utilities.is_set (access) then											-- access level (subscription, registration, limited)
		base_url = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ext-link-access-signal'], {cfg.presentation[access].class, cfg.presentation[access].title, base_url});	-- add the appropriate icon
	end
	
	return table.concat ({base_url, error_str});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;--------------------------------------

Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters.  The function includes the
offending parameter name to the error message.  Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecated
parameters in the citation.

added_deprecated_cat is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function deprecated_parameter(name)
	if not added_deprecated_cat then
		added_deprecated_cat = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_deprecated_params', {name}, true ) } );	-- add error message
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; K E R N _ Q U O T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the module and a leading or trailing quote
mark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value.

This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:
	&quot;'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'&quot;
	&quot; 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' &quot; (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example)
Double single quotes (italic or bold wiki-markup) are not kerned.

Replaces Unicode quote marks in plain text or in the label portion of a [[L|D]] style wikilink with typewriter
quote marks regardless of the need for kerning.  Unicode quote marks are not replaced in simple [[D]] wikilinks.

Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc.; not for book titles.

]=]

local function kern_quotes (str)
	local cap = '';
	local cap2 = '';
	local wl_type, label, link;

	wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (str);							-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
	
	if 1 == wl_type then														-- [[D]] simple wikilink with or without quote marks
		if mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then		-- leading and trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-both'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+%]%]')	then			-- leading quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-left'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[.+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then				-- trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-right'], str);
		end

	else																		-- plain text or [[L|D]]; text in label variable
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[“”]', '\&quot;');							-- replace “” (U+201C &amp; U+201D) with &quot; (typewriter double quote mark)
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[‘’]', '\'');							-- replace ‘’ (U+2018 &amp; U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)

		cap, cap2 = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^([\&quot;\'])([^\'].+)&quot;);				-- match leading double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], {cap, cap2});
		end
	
		cap, cap2 = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^(.+[^\'])([\&quot;\'])$&quot;)				-- match trailing double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], {cap, cap2});
		end
		
		if 2 == wl_type then
			str = utilities.make_wikilink (link, label);						-- reassemble the wikilink
		else
			str = label;
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E &gt;----------------------------------------

|script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin-based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts should
not be italicized and may be written right-to-left.  The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrapped
in italic markup.

Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt;...&lt;/bdi&gt; tags to isolate RTL languages from the English left to right.

|script-title= provides a unique feature.  The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO 639-1 language code and a colon:
	|script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character)
Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:
	|script-title=ja : *** ***
	|script-title=ja: *** ***
	|script-title=ja :*** ***
Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** ***

The prefix is checked for validity.  If it is a valid ISO 639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang=&quot;ja&quot;) is added to the &lt;bdi&gt; tag so that browsers can
know the language the tag contains.  This may help the browser render the script more correctly.  If the prefix is invalid, the lang attribute
is not added.  At this time there is no error message for this condition.

Supports |script-title=, |script-chapter=, |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=

]]

local function format_script_value (script_value, script_param)
	local lang='';																-- initialize to empty string
	local name;
	if script_value:match('^%l%l%l?%s*:') then									-- if first 3 or 4 non-space characters are script language prefix
		lang = script_value:match('^(%l%l%l?)%s*:%s*%S.*');						-- get the language prefix or nil if there is no script
		if not utilities.is_set (lang) then
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_script_parameter', {script_param, 'missing title part'}, true ) } );		-- prefix without 'title'; add error message
			return '';															-- script_value was just the prefix so return empty string
		end
																				-- if we get this far we have prefix and script
		name = cfg.lang_code_remap[lang] or mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, cfg.this_wiki_code );	-- get language name so that we can use it to categorize
		if utilities.is_set (name) then													-- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?
			script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l+%s*:%s*', '');				-- strip prefix from script
																				-- is prefix one of these language codes?
			if utilities.in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) then
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('script_with_name', {name, lang})
			else
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_script_parameter', {script_param, 'unknown language code'}, true ) } );	-- unknown script-language; add error message
			end
			lang = ' lang=&quot;' .. lang .. '&quot; ';									-- convert prefix into a lang attribute
		else
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_script_parameter', {script_param, 'invalid language code'}, true ) } );		-- invalid language code; add error message
			lang = '';															-- invalid so set lang to empty string
		end
	else
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_script_parameter', {script_param, 'missing prefix'}, true ) } );				-- no language code prefix; add error message
	end
	script_value = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});	-- isolate in case script is RTL

	return script_value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E &gt;------------------------------------------

Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script value has been 
wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt; tags.
]]

local function script_concatenate (title, script, script_param)
	if utilities.is_set (script) then
		script = format_script_value (script, script_param);					-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; returns empty string on error
		if utilities.is_set (script) then
			title = title .. ' ' .. script;										-- concatenate title and script title
		end
	end
	return title;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; W R A P _ M S G &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list
configuration taking one argument.  Supports lower case text for {{citation}} templates.  Additional text taken
from citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style().

]]

local function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set ( str ) then
		return &quot;&quot;;
	end
	if true == lower then
		local msg;
		msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();										-- set the message to lower case before 
		return utilities.substitute ( msg, str );								-- including template text
	else
		return utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages[key], str );
	end		
end


--[[----------------&lt; W I K I S O U R C E _ U R L _ M A K E &gt;-------------------

Makes a Wikisource URL from Wikisource interwiki-link.  Returns the URL and appropriate
label; nil else.

str is the value assigned to |chapter= (or aliases) or |title= or |title-link=

]]

local function wikisource_url_make (str)
	local wl_type, D, L;
	local ws_url, ws_label;
	local wikisource_prefix = table.concat ({'https://', cfg.this_wiki_code, '.wikisource.org/wiki/'});

	wl_type, D, L = utilities.is_wikilink (str);								-- wl_type is 0 (not a wikilink), 1 (simple wikilink), 2 (complex wikilink)

	if 0 == wl_type then														-- not a wikilink; might be from |title-link=
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 1 == wl_type then													-- simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article]]
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 2 == wl_type then													-- non-so-simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article|displayed text]] ([[L|D]])
		str = L:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or L:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_label = D;														-- get ws article name from display portion of interwiki link
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title without namespace from link portion of wikilink
				});
		end
	end

	if ws_url then
		ws_url = mw.uri.encode (ws_url, 'WIKI');								-- make a usable URL
		ws_url = ws_url:gsub ('%%23', '#');										-- undo percent-encoding of fragment marker
	end

	return ws_url, ws_label, L or D;											-- return proper URL or nil and a label or nil
end


--[[----------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P E R I O D I C A L &gt;-----------------------

Format the three periodical parameters: |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=, |&lt;periodical&gt;=,
and |trans-&lt;periodical&gt;= into a single Periodical meta-parameter.

]]

local function format_periodical (script_periodical, script_periodical_source, periodical, trans_periodical)
	local periodical_error = '';

	if not utilities.is_set (periodical) then
		periodical = '';														-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', periodical);			-- style 
	end

	periodical = script_concatenate (periodical, script_periodical, script_periodical_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (trans_periodical) then
		trans_periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', trans_periodical);
		if utilities.is_set (periodical) then
			periodical = periodical .. ' ' .. trans_periodical;
		else																	-- here when trans-periodical without periodical or script-periodical
			periodical = trans_periodical;
			periodical_error = ' ' .. utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'periodical'});
		end
	end

	return periodical .. periodical_error;
end


--[[------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E &gt;---------------

Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=,
and |chapter-url= into a single chapter meta- parameter (chapter_url_source used
for error messages).

]]

local function format_chapter_title (script_chapter, script_chapter_source, chapter, chapter_source, trans_chapter, trans_chapter_source, chapter_url, chapter_url_source, no_quotes, access)
	local chapter_error = '';

	local ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (chapter);					-- make a wikisource URL and label from a wikisource interwiki link
	if ws_url then
		ws_label = ws_label:gsub ('_', ' ');									-- replace underscore separators with space characters
		chapter = ws_label;
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (chapter) then
		chapter = '';															-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		if false == no_quotes then
			chapter = kern_quotes (chapter);									-- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);
		end
	end

	chapter = script_concatenate (chapter, script_chapter, script_chapter_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (chapter_url) then
		chapter = external_link (chapter_url, chapter, chapter_url_source, access);	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate
	elseif ws_url then
		chapter = external_link (ws_url, chapter .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in chapter');	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate; space char to move icon away from chap text; TODO: better way to do this?
		chapter = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, chapter});				
	end

	if utilities.is_set (trans_chapter) then
		trans_chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', trans_chapter);
		if utilities.is_set (chapter) then
			chapter = chapter .. ' ' .. trans_chapter;
		else																	-- here when trans_chapter without chapter or script-chapter
			chapter = trans_chapter;
			chapter_source = trans_chapter_source:match ('trans%-?(.+)');		-- when no chapter, get matching name from trans-&lt;param&gt;
			chapter_error = ' ' .. utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {chapter_source});
		end
	end

	return chapter .. chapter_error;
end


--[[----------------&lt; H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S &gt;-------------------

This function searches a parameter's value for non-printable or invisible characters.
The search stops at the first match.

This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the Wikisource.

Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers.  Also detects other named stripmarkers
(gallery, math, pre, ref) and identifies them with a slightly different error message.
See also coins_cleanup().

Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the
Unicode group, or the stripmarker that was detected along with its position (or,
for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in the parameter value.

]]

local function has_invisible_chars (param, v)
	local position = '';														-- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarker
	local dummy;																-- end of matching string; not used but required to hold end position when a capture is returned
	local capture;																-- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarker
	local i = 1;
	local stripmarker, apostrophe;
	
	capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');										-- test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if true
	if capture == v then														-- if same there are no Unicode characters
		return;
	end

	while cfg.invisible_chars[i] do
		local char = cfg.invisible_chars[i][1]									-- the character or group name
		local pattern = cfg.invisible_chars[i][2]									-- the pattern used to find it
		position, dummy, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern)					-- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the pattern
		
		if position and (char == 'zero width joiner') then						-- if we found a zero-width joiner character
			if mw.ustring.find (v, cfg.indic_script) then						-- it's ok if one of the Indic scripts
				position = nil;													-- unset position
			end
		end
		
		if position then
			if 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture or						-- nowiki and math stripmarkers (not an error condition)
				('templatestyles' == capture and utilities.in_array (param, {'id', 'quote'})) then	-- templatestyles stripmarker allowed in these parameters
					stripmarker = true;											-- set a flag
			elseif true == stripmarker and 'delete' == char then				-- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarker
				position = nil;													-- unset
			else
				local err_msg;
				if capture then
					err_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char;
				else
					err_msg = char .. ' ' .. 'character';
				end

				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_invisible_char', {err_msg, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', param), position}, true ) } );	-- add error message
				return;															-- and done with this parameter
			end
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- bump our index
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R &gt;----------------------

Argument wrapper.  This function provides support for argument mapping defined
in the configuration file so that multiple names can be transparently aliased to
single internal variable.

]]

local function argument_wrapper ( args )
	local origin = {};
	
	return setmetatable({
		ORIGIN = function ( self, k )
			local dummy = self[k]; -- force the variable to be loaded.
			return origin[k];
		end
	},
	{
		__index = function ( tbl, k )
			if origin[k] ~= nil then
				return nil;
			end
			
			local args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];
			
			if type( list ) == 'table' then
				v, origin[k] = utilities.select_one ( args, list, 'err_redundant_parameters' );
				if origin[k] == nil then
					origin[k] = ''; -- Empty string, not nil
				end
			elseif list ~= nil then
				v, origin[k] = args[list], list;
			else
				-- maybe let through instead of raising an error?
				-- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;
				error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] .. ': ' .. k);
			end
			
			-- Empty strings, not nil;
			if v == nil then
				v = '';
				origin[k] = '';
			end
			
			tbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );
			return v;
		end,
	});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N O W R A P _ D A T E &gt;-------------------------

When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: &lt;span ...&gt;YYYY-MM-DD&lt;/span&gt;.
When date is DD MMMM YYYY or is MMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span:
&lt;span ...&gt;DD MMMM&lt;/span&gt; YYYY or &lt;span ...&gt;MMMM DD,&lt;/span&gt; YYYY

DOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges.

]]

local function nowrap_date (date)
	local cap = '';
	local cap2 = '';

	if date:match(&quot;^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$&quot;) then
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);
	
	elseif date:match(&quot;^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or date:match (&quot;^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) then
		cap, cap2 = string.match (date, &quot;^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$&quot;);
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});
	end
	
	return date;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E &gt;---------------------

This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including
|type=&lt;default value&gt;) for those templates that have defaults. Also handles the
special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation
(|type=none).

]]

local function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)
	if utilities.is_set (title_type) then
		if 'none' == cfg.keywords_xlate[title_type] then
			title_type = '';													-- if |type=none then type parameter not displayed
		end
		return title_type;														-- if |type= has been set to any other value use that value
	end

	return cfg.title_types [cite_class] or '';									-- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Converts a hyphen to a dash under certain conditions.  The hyphen must separate
like items; unlike items are returned unmodified.  These forms are modified:
	letter - letter (A - B)
	digit - digit (4-5)
	digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5)
	letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and
		digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5)
	digitletter - digitletter (5a - 5d) (an optional separator between letter and
		digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d)

any other forms are returned unmodified.

str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list

]]

local function hyphen_to_dash( str )
	if not utilities.is_set (str) then
		return str;
	end

	local accept; -- Boolean

	str = str:gsub ('&amp;[nm]dash;', {['&amp;ndash;'] = '–', ['&amp;mdash;'] = '—'});		-- replace &amp;mdash; and &amp;ndash; entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split
	str = str:gsub ('&amp;#45;', '-'); -- replace HTML numeric entity with hyphen character
	str = str:gsub ('[^%-]%-%-%-[^%-]', '—'); -- replace triple-hyphen with emdash
	str = str:gsub ('[^%-]%-%-[^%-]', '–'); -- replace double-hyphen (as found in BibTeX entries) with endash

	str = str:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &amp;nbsp; entity with generic keyboard space character
	
	local out = {};
	local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*');								-- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any

	for _, item in ipairs (list) do												-- for each item in the list
		item, accept = utilities.has_accept_as_written (item); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of item
		if not accept and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[%-–—]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then	-- if a hyphenated range or has endash or emdash separators
			if item:match ('^%a+[%.%-]?%d+%s*%-%s*%a+[%.%-]?%d+$') or			-- letterdigit hyphen letterdigit (optional separator between letter and digit)
				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]?%a+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]?%a+$') or			-- digitletter hyphen digitletter (optional separator between digit and letter)
				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') or			-- digit separator digit hyphen digit separator digit
				item:match ('^%d+%s*%-%s*%d+$') or								-- digit hyphen digit
				item:match ('^%a+%s*%-%s*%a+$') then							-- letter hyphen letter
					item = item:gsub ('(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)%s*%-%s*(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)', '%1–%2');	-- replace hyphen, remove extraneous space characters
			else
				item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[–—]%s*', '–');				-- for endash or emdash separated ranges, replace em with en, remove extraneous whitespace
			end
		end
		table.insert (out, item);												-- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table
	end

        local temp_str = ''; -- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string
	temp_str, accept = utilities.has_accept_as_written (table.concat (out, ', ')); -- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out
	if accept then
		return utilities.has_accept_as_written (str); -- when global markup removed, return original str
	else
		return temp_str; -- else, return assembled temp_str
	end
end

--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ J O I N &gt;-----------------------------

Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters.

]]

local function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )
	local f = {};																-- create a function table appropriate to type of 'duplicate character'
		if 1 == #duplicate_char then											-- for single byte ASCII characters use the string library functions
			f.gsub = string.gsub
			f.match = string.match
			f.sub = string.sub
		else																	-- for multi-byte characters use the ustring library functions
			f.gsub = mw.ustring.gsub
			f.match = mw.ustring.match
			f.sub = mw.ustring.sub
		end

	local str = '';																-- the output string
	local comp = '';															-- what does 'comp' mean?
	local end_chr = '';
	local trim;
	for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) do
		if value == nil then value = ''; end
		
		if str == '' then														-- if output string is empty
			str = value;														-- assign value to it (first time through the loop)
		elseif value ~= '' then
			if value:sub(1, 1) == '&lt;' then										-- special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.
				comp = value:gsub( &quot;%b&lt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot; );								-- remove HTML markup (&lt;span&gt;string&lt;/span&gt; -&gt; string)
			else
				comp = value;
			end
																				-- typically duplicate_char is sepc
			if f.sub(comp, 1, 1) == duplicate_char then							-- is first character same as duplicate_char? why test first character?
																				--   Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for the
																				--   preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc.?
				trim = false;
				end_chr = f.sub(str, -1, -1);									-- get the last character of the output string
				-- str = str .. &quot;&lt;HERE(enchr=&quot; .. end_chr .. &quot;)&quot;					-- debug stuff?
				if end_chr == duplicate_char then								-- if same as separator
					str = f.sub(str, 1, -2);										-- remove it
				elseif end_chr == &quot;'&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;''&quot; then			-- if last three chars of str are sepc'' 
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -4) .. &quot;''&quot;;						-- remove them and add back ''
					elseif  f.sub(str, -5, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]''&quot; then	-- if last five chars of str are sepc]]'' 
						trim = true;											-- why? why do this and next differently from previous?
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]''&quot; then	-- if last four chars of str are sepc]'' 
						trim = true;											-- same question
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot;]&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]&quot; then			-- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink 
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. '&quot;]' then		-- if last three chars of str are sepc&quot;] quoted external link 
						trim = true;
					elseif  f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]&quot; then		-- if last two chars of str are sepc] external link
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;'']&quot; then	-- normal case when |url=something &amp; |title=Title.
						trim = true;
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot; &quot; then										-- if last char of output string is a space
					if f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot; &quot; then			-- if last two chars of str are &lt;sepc&gt;&lt;space&gt;
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -3);									-- remove them both
					end
				end

				if trim then
					if value ~= comp then 										-- value does not equal comp when value contains HTML markup
						local dup2 = duplicate_char;
						if f.match(dup2, &quot;%A&quot; ) then dup2 = &quot;%&quot; .. dup2; end	-- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape it
						
						value = f.gsub(value, &quot;(%b&lt;&gt;)&quot; .. dup2, &quot;%1&quot;, 1 )		-- remove duplicate_char if it follows HTML markup
					else
						value = f.sub(value, 2, -1 );							-- remove duplicate_char when it is first character
					end
				end
			end
			str = str .. value; 													-- add it to the output string
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S U F F I X &gt;-----------------------------

returns true is suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 1–9.
Puncutation not allowed.

]]

local function is_suffix (suffix)
	if utilities.in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', 'Jnr', 'Snr', '1st', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') then
		return true;
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------&lt; I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E &gt;-------------------

For Vancouver style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin
(read ASCII) characters.  When a name uses characters that contain diacritical marks,
those characters are to converted to the corresponding Latin character. When a name
is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that name is to be transliterated
into Latin characters. The module doesn't do this so editors may/must.

This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined
in the four Unicode Latin character sets
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf C0 Controls and Basic Latin] 0041–005A, 0061–007A
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement] 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A] 0100–017F
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B] 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F

|lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes.
	(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
|firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periods

This original test:
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%']*$&quot;)
	or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$&quot;) then
was written outside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor
gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position. The test has
been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes
of the Unicode characters so that it is not necessary to use an external editor
to maintain this code.

	\195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)
	\195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)
	\195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A &amp; B)
	\199\132-\201\143 – Ǆ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B)

]]

local function is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix)
	if not suffix then
		if first:find ('[,%s]') then											-- when there is a space or comma, might be first name/initials + generational suffix
			first = first:match ('(.-)[,%s]+');									-- get name/initials
			suffix = first:match ('[,%s]+(.+)$');								-- get generational suffix
		end
	end
	if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
		if not is_suffix (suffix) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix);
			return false;														-- not a name with an appropriate suffix
		end
	end
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%']*$&quot;) or
		nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%'%.]*$&quot;) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['non-Latin char']);
			return false;														-- not a string of Latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanization
	end;
	return true;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S &gt;------------------------------------------

Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-style=vanc.  

Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period.
See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/.

Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc.) to be rendered
as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc.  See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/.
This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format
because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials.

This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the
Unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name ().

]]

local function reduce_to_initials(first)
	local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match(first, &quot;^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$&quot;);

	if not name then															-- if not initials and a suffix
		name = mw.ustring.match(first, &quot;^(%u+)$&quot;);								-- is it just initials?
	end

	if name then																-- if first is initials with or without suffix
		if 3 &gt; mw.ustring.len (name) then										-- if one or two initials
			if suffix then														-- if there is a suffix
				if is_suffix (suffix) then										-- is it legitimate?
					return first;												-- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to do
				else
					add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix);					-- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error message
					return first;												-- and return first unmolested
				end
			else
				return first;													-- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to do
			end
		end
	end																			-- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a word

	local initials, names = {}, {};												-- tables to hold name parts and initials
	local i = 1;																-- counter for number of initials

	names = mw.text.split (first, '[%s,]+');									-- split into a table of names and possible suffix

	while names[i] do															-- loop through the table
		if 1 &lt; i and names[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then				-- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)
			names[i] = names[i]:gsub ('%.', '');								-- remove terminal dot if present
			if is_suffix (names[i]) then										-- if a legitimate suffix
				table.insert (initials, ' ' .. names[i]);						-- add a separator space, insert at end of initials table
				break;															-- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a name
			end																	-- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanization
		end
		if 3 &gt; i then
			table.insert (initials, mw.ustring.sub(names[i], 1, 1));				-- insert the initial at end of initials table
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- bump the counter
	end
			
	return table.concat(initials)												-- Vancouver format does not include spaces.
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I S T _ P E O P L E &gt;--------------------------

Formats a list of people (authors, contributors, editors, interviewers, translators) 

names in the list will be linked when
	|&lt;name&gt;-link= has a value
	|&lt;name&gt;-mask- does NOT have a value; masked names are presumed to have been
		rendered previously so should have been linked there

when |&lt;name&gt;-mask=0, the associated name is not rendered

]]

local function list_people (control, people, etal)
	local sep;
	local namesep;
	local format = control.format;
	local maximum = control.maximum;
	local name_list = {};

	if 'vanc' == format then													-- Vancouver-like name styling?
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl_vanc'];									-- name-list separator between names is a comma
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name_vanc'];							-- last/first separator is a space
	else
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl'];										-- name-list separator between names is a semicolon
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name'];									-- last/first separator is &lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;
	end
	
	if sep:sub (-1, -1) ~= &quot; &quot; then sep = sep .. &quot; &quot; end
	if utilities.is_set (maximum) and maximum &lt; 1 then return &quot;&quot;, 0; end		-- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for other names
	
	for i, person in ipairs (people) do
		if utilities.is_set (person.last) then
			local mask = person.mask;
			local one;
			local sep_one = sep;

			if utilities.is_set (maximum) and i &gt; maximum then
				etal = true;
				break;
			end
			
			if mask then
				local n = tonumber (mask);										-- convert to a number if it can be converted; nil else
				if n then
					one = 0 ~= n and string.rep(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, n) or nil;			-- make a string of (n &gt; 0) mdashes, nil else, to replace name
					person.link = nil;											-- don't create link to name if name is replaces with mdash string or has been set nil
				else
					one = mask;													-- replace name with mask text (must include name-list separator)
					sep_one = &quot; &quot;;												-- modify name-list separator
				end
			else
				one = person.last;												-- get surname
				local first = person.first										-- get given name
				if utilities.is_set (first) then
					if (&quot;vanc&quot; == format) then									-- if Vancouver format
						one = one:gsub ('%.', '');								-- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
						if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first) then		-- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not tested
							first = reduce_to_initials (first);					-- attempt to convert first name(s) to initials
						end
					end
					one = one .. namesep .. first;
				end
			end
			if utilities.is_set (person.link) then
				one = utilities.make_wikilink (person.link, one);				-- link author/editor
			end
			if one then															-- if &lt;one&gt; has a value (name, mdash replacement, or mask text replacement)
				table.insert (name_list, one);									-- add it to the list of names
				table.insert (name_list, sep_one);								-- add the proper name-list separator
			end
		end
	end

	local count = #name_list / 2;												-- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2
	if 0 &lt; count then 
		if 1 &lt; count and not etal then
			if 'amp' == format then
				name_list[#name_list-2] = &quot; &amp; &quot;;								-- replace last separator with ampersand text
			elseif 'and' == format then
				if 2 == count then
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_and;		-- replace last separator with 'and' text
				else
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_end;		-- replace last separator with '(sep) and' text
				end
			end
		end
		name_list[#name_list] = nil;											-- erase the last separator
	end

	local result = table.concat (name_list);									-- construct list
	if etal and utilities.is_set (result) then									-- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first list
		result = result .. sep .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];					-- we've got a last-first list and etal so add et al.
	end
	
	return result, count;														-- return name-list string and count of number of names (count used for editor names only)
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A N C H O R _ I D &gt;-----------------------------

Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date.  Otherwise
returns an empty string.

namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that
order.  year is Year or anchor_year.

]]

local function anchor_id (namelist, year)
	local names={};																-- a table for the one to four names and year
	for i,v in ipairs (namelist) do												-- loop through the list and take up to the first four last names
		names[i] = v.last 
		if i == 4 then break end												-- if four then done
	end
	table.insert (names, year);													-- add the year at the end
	local id = table.concat(names);												-- concatenate names and year for CITEREF id
	if utilities.is_set (id) then												-- if concatenation is not an empty string
		return &quot;CITEREF&quot; .. id;													-- add the CITEREF portion
	else
		return '';																-- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citation
	end
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L &gt;--------------------------

Evaluates the content of name parameters (author, editor, etc.) for variations on
the theme of et al.  If found, the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and
the function returns the modified name and the flag.

This function never sets the flag to false but returns its previous state because
it may have been set by previous passes through this function or by the associated
|display-&lt;names&gt;=etal parameter

]]

local function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat, param)

	if utilities.is_set (name) then												-- name can be nil in which case just return
		local patterns = cfg.et_al_patterns; 									-- get patterns from configuration
		
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- loop through all of the patterns
			if name:match (pattern) then										-- if this 'et al' pattern is found in name
				name = name:gsub (pattern, '');									-- remove the offending text
				etal = true;													-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-&lt;names&gt;=etal)
				if not nocat then												-- no categorization for |vauthors=
					table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_etal', {param})});	-- and set an error if not added
				end
			end
		end
	end

	return name, etal;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ I S _ N U M E R I C &gt;----------------------

Add maint cat when name parameter value does not contain letters.  Does not catch
mixed alphanumeric names so |last=A. Green (1922-1987) does not get caught in the
current version of this test but |first=(1888) is caught.

returns nothing

]]

local function name_is_numeric (name, list_name)
	if utilities.is_set (name) then
		if mw.ustring.match (name, '^[%A]+$') then								-- when name does not contain any letters
			utilities.set_message ('maint_numeric_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint cat for this template
		end
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ E D _ M A R K U P &gt;------------------

Evaluates the content of author and editor parameters for extraneous editor annotations:
ed, ed., eds, (Ed.), etc. These annotations do not belong in author parameters and
are redundant in editor parameters.  If found, the function adds the editor markup
maintenance category.

returns nothing

]]

local function name_has_ed_markup (name, list_name)
	local patterns = cfg.editor_markup_patterns;								-- get patterns from configuration

	if utilities.is_set (name) then
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- spin through patterns table and
			if name:match (pattern) then
				utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_text_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint cat for this template
				break;
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[-----------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Evaluates the content of last/surname (authors etc.) parameters for multiple names.
Multiple names are indicated if there is more than one comma or any &quot;unescaped&quot;
semicolons. Escaped semicolons are ones used as part of selected HTML entities.
If the condition is met, the function adds the multiple name maintenance category.

returns nothing

]]

local function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name)
	local _, commas, semicolons, nbsps;
	if utilities.is_set (name) then
		_, commas = name:gsub (',', '');										-- count the number of commas
		_, semicolons = name:gsub (';', '');									-- count the number of semicolons
		-- nbsps probably should be its own separate count rather than merged in
		-- some way with semicolons because Lua patterns do not support the
		-- grouping operator that regex does, which means there is no way to add
		-- more entities to escape except by adding more counts with the new
		-- entities
		_, nbsps = name:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;','');										-- count nbsps
		
		-- There is exactly 1 semicolon per &amp;nbsp; entity, so subtract nbsps
		-- from semicolons to 'escape' them. If additional entities are added,
		-- they also can be subtracted.
		if 1 &lt; commas or 0 &lt; (semicolons - nbsps) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint message
		end
	end
end


--[[------------------------&lt; N A M E _ C H E C K S &gt;---------------------------

This function calls various name checking functions used to validate the content
of the various name-holding parameters.

]]

local function name_checks (last, first, list_name)
	local accept_name;

	if utilities.is_set (last) then
		last, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (last);				-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;last&gt;
		
		if not accept_name then													-- &lt;last&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);								-- check for multiple names in the parameter (last only)
			name_has_ed_markup (last, list_name);								-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotation
			name_is_numeric (last, list_name);									-- check for names that are composed of digits and punctuation
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (first) then
		first, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (first);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;first&gt;

		if not accept_name then														-- &lt;first&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_ed_markup (first, list_name);								-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotation
			name_is_numeric (first, list_name);									-- check for names that are composed of digits and punctuation
		end
	end

	return last, first;															-- done
end


--[[----------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ N A M E S &gt;-------------------------
Gets name list from the input arguments

Searches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters
(or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters. Stops searching
when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts:
found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn't find |last4= and |last5= then the
search is done.

This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching
|lastn=.  When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3=
are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not
required to have a matching |firstn=.

When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.'
is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returned that will cause list_people()
to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration.  This keeps
'et al.' out of the template's metadata.  When this occurs, an error is emitted.

]]

local function extract_names(args, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names
	local last;																	-- individual name components
	local first;
	local link;
	local mask;
	local i = 1;																-- loop counter/indexer
	local n = 1;																-- output table indexer
	local count = 0;															-- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameter

	local last_alias, first_alias, link_alias;									-- selected parameter aliases used in error messaging
	while true do
		last, last_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );		-- search through args for name components beginning at 1
		first, first_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		link, link_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );

		last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false, last_alias);				-- find and remove variations on et al.
		first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false, first_alias);			-- find and remove variations on et al.
		last, first = name_checks (last, first, list_name);						-- multiple names, extraneous annotation, etc. checks
		
		if first and not last then												-- if there is a firstn without a matching lastn
			local alias = first_alias:find ('given', 1, true) and 'given' or 'first';	-- get first or given form of the alias
			table.insert (z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_first_missing_last', {
				first_alias,													-- param name of alias missing its mate
				first_alias:gsub (alias, {['first'] = 'last', ['given'] = 'surname'}),	-- make param name appropriate to the alias form
				}, true ) } );													-- add this error message
		elseif not first and not last then										-- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?
			count = count + 1;													-- number of times we haven't found last and first
			if 2 &lt;= count then													-- two missing names and we give up
				break;															-- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell which
			end
		else																	-- we have last with or without a first
			local result;
			link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, last, last_alias);			-- check for improper wiki-markup
			if first then
				link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, first, first_alias);	-- check for improper wiki-markup
			end

			names[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = false};	-- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)
			n = n + 1;															-- point to next location in the names table
			if 1 == count then													-- if the previous name was missing
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_missing_name', {list_name:match (&quot;(%w+)List&quot;):lower(), i - 1}, true ) } );	-- add this error message
			end
			count = 0;															-- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing names
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next args location
	end
	
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names and the etal flag
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ I S O 6 3 9 _ C O D E &gt;------------------------------------------------

Validates language names provided in |language= parameter if not an ISO639-1 or 639-2 code.

Returns the language name and associated two- or three-character code.  Because
case of the source may be incorrect or different from the case that WikiMedia uses,
the name comparisons are done in lower case and when a match is found, the Wikimedia
version (assumed to be correct) is returned along with the code.  When there is no
match, we return the original language name string.

mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(&lt;local wiki language&gt;, 'all') returns a list of
languages that in some cases may include extensions. For example, code 'cbk-zam'
and its associated name 'Chavacano de Zamboanga' (MediaWiki does not support
code 'cbk' or name 'Chavacano'.  Most (all?) of these languages are not used a
'language' codes per se, rather they are used as sub-domain names: cbk-zam.wikipedia.org.
A list of language names and codes supported by fetchLanguageNames() can be found
at Template:Citation Style documentation/language/doc

Names that are included in the list will be found if that name is provided in the
|language= parameter.  For example, if |language=Chavacano de Zamboanga, that name
will be found with the associated code 'cbk-zam'.  When names are found and the
associated code is not two or three characters, this function returns only the
WikiMedia language name.

Some language names have multiple entries under different codes:
	Aromanian has code rup and code roa-rup
When this occurs, this function returns the language name and the 2- or 3-character code

Adapted from code taken from Module:Check ISO 639-1.

]]

local function get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code)
	if cfg.lang_name_remap[lang:lower()] then									-- if there is a remapped name (because MediaWiki uses something that we don't think is correct)
		return cfg.lang_name_remap[lang:lower()][1], cfg.lang_name_remap[lang:lower()][2];	-- for this language 'name', return a possibly new name and appropriate code
	end

	local ietf_code;															-- because some languages have both IETF-like codes and ISO 639-like codes
	local ietf_name;
	
	local langlc = mw.ustring.lower (lang);										-- lower-case version for comparisons

	for code, name in pairs (cfg.languages) do									-- scan the list to see if we can find our language
		if langlc == mw.ustring.lower (name) then
			if 2 == #code or 3 == #code then									-- two- or three-character codes only; IETF extensions not supported
				return name, code;												-- so return the name and the code
			end
			ietf_code = code;													-- remember that we found an IETF-like code and save its name
			ietf_name = name;													-- but keep looking for a 2- or 3-char code
		end
	end
																				-- didn't find name with 2- or 3-char code; if IETF-like code found return
	return ietf_code and ietf_name or lang;										-- associated name; return original language text else
end


--[[-------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;------------------

Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code.  If a code
is recognized by MediaWiki, use the returned name; if not, then use the value that
was provided with the language parameter.

When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is
assigned to the category for that code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no).
For valid three-character code languages, the page is assigned to the single category
for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources.

Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized.  MediaWiki does
not recognize three-character equivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is
recognized but code 'ara' is not.

This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th
where the language names or codes are separated from each other by commas with
optional space characters.

]]

local function language_parameter (lang)
	local code;																	-- the two- or three-character language code
	local name;																	-- the language name
	local language_list = {};													-- table of language names to be rendered
	local names_table = {};														-- table made from the value assigned to |language=

	local this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName (cfg.this_wiki_code, cfg.this_wiki_code);	-- get this wiki's language name

	names_table = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');								-- names should be a comma separated list

	for _, lang in ipairs (names_table) do										-- reuse lang
		name = cfg.lang_code_remap[lang:lower()];								-- first see if this is a code that is not supported by MediaWiki but is in remap

		if name then															-- there was a remapped code so
			if not lang:match ('^%a%a%a?%-x%-%a+$') then						-- if not a private IETF tag
				lang = lang:gsub ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*', '%1');						-- strip IETF tags from code
			end
		else
			lang = lang:gsub ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*', '%1');							-- strip any IETF-like tags from code
			if 2 == lang:len() or 3 == lang:len() then							-- if two-or three-character code
				name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName (lang:lower(), cfg.this_wiki_code);	-- get language name if |language= is a proper code
			end
		end

		if utilities.is_set (name) then											-- if |language= specified a valid code
			code = lang:lower();												-- save it
		else
			name, code = get_iso639_code (lang, cfg.this_wiki_code);			-- attempt to get code from name (assign name here so that we are sure of proper capitalization)
		end
	
		if utilities.is_set (code) then											-- only 2- or 3-character codes
			name = cfg.lang_code_remap[code] or name;							-- override wikimedia when they misuse language codes/names

			if cfg.this_wiki_code ~= code then									-- when the language is not the same as this wiki's language
				if 2 == code:len() then											-- and is a two-character code
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source' .. code, {name, code});	-- categorize it; code appended to allow for multiple language categorization
				else															-- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character code)
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source_2' .. code, {code});		-- categorize it differently TODO: support multiple three-character code categories per cs1|2 template
				end
			elseif cfg.local_lang_cat_enable then								-- when the language and this wiki's language are the same and categorization is enabled
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('local_lang_source', {name, code});		-- categorize it
			end
		else
			utilities.set_message ('maint_unknown_lang');						-- add maint category if not already added
		end
		
		table.insert (language_list, name);
		name = '';																-- so we can reuse it
	end
 
	name = utilities.make_sep_list (#language_list, language_list);

	if this_wiki_name == name then
		return '';																-- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)
	end
	return (&quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('language', name));								-- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'
	--[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full list
	so we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format
	]]
end


--[[----------------------&lt; S E T _ C S 1 _ S T Y L E &gt;-------------------------

Set style settings for CS1 citation templates. Returns separator and postscript settings
At en.wiki, for cs1:
	ps gets:	'.'
	sep gets:	'.'

]]

local function set_cs1_style (ps)
	if not utilities.is_set (ps) then											-- unless explicitly set to something
		ps = cfg.presentation['ps_cs1'];										-- terminate the rendered citation
	end
	return cfg.presentation['sep_cs1'], ps;										-- element separator
end


--[[-----------------------&lt; S E T _ C S 2 _ S T Y L E &gt;------------------------

Set style settings for CS2 citation templates. Returns separator, postscript, ref settings
At en.wiki, for cs2:
	ps gets:	'' (empty string - no terminal punctuation)
	sep gets:	','

]]

local function set_cs2_style (ps, ref)
	if not utilities.is_set (ps) then											-- if |postscript= has not been set, set cs2 default
		ps = cfg.presentation['ps_cs2'];										-- terminate the rendered citation
	end
	if not utilities.is_set (ref) then											-- if |ref= is not set
		ref = &quot;harv&quot;;															-- set default |ref=harv
	end
	return cfg.presentation['sep_cs2'], ps, ref;								-- element separator
end


--[[---------&lt; G E T _ S E T T I N G S _ F R O M _ C I T E _ C L A S S &gt;--------

When |mode= is not set or when its value is invalid, use config.CitationClass and
parameter values to establish rendered style.

]]

local function get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class)
	local sep;
	if (cite_class == &quot;citation&quot;) then											-- for citation templates (CS2)
		sep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);
	else																		-- not a citation template so CS1
		sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);
	end

	return sep, ps, ref															-- return them all
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S T Y L E &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Establish basic style settings to be used when rendering the citation. Uses |mode=
if set and valid or uses config.CitationClass from the template's #invoke: to establish style.

]]

local function set_style (mode, ps, ref, cite_class)
	local sep;
	if 'cs2' == mode then														-- if this template is to be rendered in CS2 (citation) style
		sep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);
	elseif 'cs1' == mode then													-- if this template is to be rendered in CS1 (cite xxx) style
		sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);
	else																		-- anything but cs1 or cs2
		sep, ps, ref = get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class);		-- get settings based on the template's CitationClass
	end

	if cfg.keywords_xlate[ps:lower()] == 'none' then							-- if assigned value is 'none' then
		ps = '';																-- set to empty string
	end
	
	return sep, ps, ref
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P D F &gt;-----------------------------------

Determines if a URL has the file extension that is one of the PDF file extensions
used by [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] when applying the PDF icon to external links.

returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extensions, else false

]=]

local function is_pdf (url)
	return url:match ('%.pdf$') or url:match ('%.PDF$') or
		url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]') or
		url:match ('%.PDF&amp;#035') or url:match ('%.pdf&amp;#035');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S T Y L E _ F O R M A T &gt;-----------------------

Applies CSS style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.  Also emits an error message
if the format parameter does not have a matching URL parameter.  If the format parameter
is not set and the URL contains a file extension that is recognized as a PDF document
by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) with
the appropriate styling.

]]

local function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)
	if utilities.is_set (format) then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', format);						-- add leading space, parentheses, resize
		if not utilities.is_set (url) then
			format = format .. ' ' .. utilities.set_message ( 'err_format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param} );	-- add an error message
		end
	elseif is_pdf (url) then													-- format is not set so if URL is a PDF file then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');						-- set format to PDF
	else
		format = '';															-- empty string for concatenation
	end
	return format;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor
name lists and a Boolean flag to indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list.

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero,
return the number and the previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default
but may have been set to true if the name list contains some variant of the text 'et al.').

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number
that is one greater than the number of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true.
This will cause the list_people() to display all of the names in the name list followed by 'et al.'

In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag.

inputs:
	max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors']; a number or some flavor of etal
	count: #a or #e
	list_name: 'authors' or 'editors'
	etal: author_etal or editor_etal

]]

local function get_display_names (max, count, list_name, etal)
	if utilities.is_set (max) then
		if 'etal' == max:lower():gsub(&quot;[ '%.]&quot;, '') then						-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
			max = count + 1;													-- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.
			etal = true;														-- overrides value set by extract_names()
		elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then											-- if is a string of numbers
			max = tonumber (max);												-- make it a number
			if max &gt;= count then												-- if |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of authors/editors
				table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {cfg.special_case_translation [list_name], max}, true)});	-- add error message
				max = nil;
			end
		else																	-- not a valid keyword or number
			table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {cfg.special_case_translation [list_name], max}, true)});		-- add error message
			max = nil;															-- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been set
		end
	end
	
	return max, etal;
end


--[[----------&lt; E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K &gt;---------------

Adds error if |page=, |pages=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages= has what appears to be
some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content.

check page for extraneous p, p., pp, pp., pg, pg. at start of parameter value:
	good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when page begins PX or P# but not Px
		      where x and X are letters and # is a digit
	bad pattern:  '^[Pp][PpGg]' matches when page begins pp, pP, Pp, PP, pg, pG, Pg, PG

]]

local function extra_text_in_page_check (page)
	local good_pattern = '^P[^%.PpGg]'; -- OK to begin with uppercase P: P7 (page 7 of section P), but not p123 (page 123)
	local bad_pattern = '^[Pp][PpGg]?%.?[ %d]';

	if not page:match (good_pattern) and (page:match (bad_pattern) or page:match ('^[Pp]ages?') or page:match ('^[Pp]gs.?')) then
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_extra_text_pages')}); -- add error
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

split apart a |vauthors= or |veditors= parameter.  This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubled
parentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parentheses were included in the
rendered citation and in the metadata.  Individual author names may be wikilinked

	|vauthors=Jones AB, [[E. B. White|White EB]], ((Black, Brown, and Co.))

]=]

local function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table, output_link_table)
	local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;);						-- names are separated by commas
	local wl_type, label, link;													-- wl_type not used here; just a placeholder
	
	local i = 1;
	
	while name_table[i] do
		if name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then						-- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parentheses
			local name = name_table[i];
			i = i + 1;																-- bump indexer to next segment
			while name_table[i] do
				name = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];							-- concatenate with previous segments
				if name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then						-- if this table member has the closing doubled parentheses
					break;														-- and done reassembling so
				end
				i = i + 1;														-- bump indexer
			end
			table.insert (output_table, name);									-- and add corporate name to the output table
			table.insert (output_link_table, '');								-- no wikilink
		else
			wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (name_table[i]);		-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
			table.insert (output_table, label);									-- add this name
			if 1 == wl_type then
				table.insert (output_link_table, label);						-- simple wikilink [[D]]
			else
				table.insert (output_link_table, link);							-- no wikilink or [[L|D]]; add this link if there is one, else empty string
			end
		end
		i = i + 1;
	end	
	return output_table;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S &gt;--------------------------------

This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and
|xxxxor-linkn= in args.  It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does.

Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional names
may sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliance
tests, are wrapped in doubled parentheses ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests.

Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th.

This function sets the Vancouver error when a required comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials.

]]

local function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=
	local v_name_table = {};
	local v_link_table = {};													-- when name is wikilinked, targets go in this table
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameter
	local last, first, link, mask, suffix;
	local corporate = false;

	vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);							-- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)
	v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table, v_link_table);		-- names are separated by commas

	for i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) do
		first = '';																-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor
		local accept_name;
		v_name, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (v_name);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;v_name&gt;

--		if v_name:match ('^%(%(.+%)%)$') then									-- corporate authors are wrapped in doubled parentheses to suppress vanc formatting and error detection
--			last = v_name:match ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$')								-- remove doubled parentheses
		if accept_name then
			last = v_name;
			corporate = true;													-- flag used in list_people()
		elseif string.find(v_name, &quot;%s&quot;) then
			if v_name:find('[;%.]') then										-- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters; 
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.punctuation);
			end
			local lastfirstTable = {}
			lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, &quot;%s+&quot;)
			first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);								-- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be initials or generational suffix

			if not mw.ustring.match (first, '^%u+$') then						-- mw.ustring here so that later we will catch non-Latin characters
				suffix = first;													-- not initials so assume that whatever we got is a generational suffix
				first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);							-- get what should be the initials from the table
			end
			last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, ' ')							-- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initials and generational suffix
			if not utilities.is_set (last) then
				first = '';														-- unset
				last = v_name;													-- last empty because something wrong with first
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.name);
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') then
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['missing comma']);				-- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missing
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then						-- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate test
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.name);							-- matches a space between two initials
			end
		else
			last = v_name;														-- last name or single corporate name?  Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?
		end
		
		if utilities.is_set (first) then
			if not mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^%u?%u$&quot;) then						-- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing else
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.initials);						-- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initials
			end
			is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix);							-- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digit
			if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
				first = first .. ' ' .. suffix;									-- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initials
				suffix = '';													-- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent names
			end
		else
			if not corporate then
				is_good_vanc_name (last, '');
			end
		end

		link = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i ) or v_link_table[i];
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = corporate};		-- add this assembled name to our names list
	end
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E &gt;------------------------

Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list or
select one of |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list.

Only one of these appropriate three will be used.  The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest;
|editorn= (and aliases) highest and |veditors= lowest (support for |editors= withdrawn)

When looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the second
test which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list.  There may be a better
way to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is.

Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided.

In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors as appropriate.

]]

local function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name)
	local lastfirst = false;
	if utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- do this twice in case we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) or
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) then
			lastfirst = true;
	end

	if (utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or					-- these are the three error conditions
		(utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) or
		(true == lastfirst and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) then
			local err_name;
			if 'AuthorList' == list_name then									-- figure out which name should be used in error message
				err_name = 'author';
			else
				err_name = 'editor';
			end
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters',
				{err_name .. '-name-list parameters'}, true ) } );				-- add error message
	end

	if true == lastfirst then return 1 end;										-- return a number indicating which author name source to use
	if utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;
	if utilities.is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;
	return 1;																	-- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last 
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E &gt;------------------------------

This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited number
of allowable values (yes, y, true, live, dead, etc.).  When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing
or empty in the source template) the function returns the value specified by ret_val.  If the parameter value is one
of the list of allowed values returns the translated value; else, emits an error message and returns the value
specified by ret_val.

]]

local function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible, ret_val)
	if not utilities.is_set (value) then
		return ret_val;															-- an empty parameter is ok
	elseif utilities.in_array (value, possible) then
		return cfg.keywords_xlate[value];										-- return translation of parameter keyword
	else
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_invalid_param_val', {name, value}, true ) } );	-- not an allowed value so add error message
		return ret_val;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T &gt;----------------------------------------

This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a space
when the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by two
closing square brackets (close of a wikilink).  When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with a
single space character.

]]

local function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)
	if (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. '. ') then					-- if already properly terminated
		return name_list;														-- just return the name list
	elseif (string.sub (name_list, -1, -1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. ']]') then	-- if last name in list ends with sepc char
		return name_list .. &quot; &quot;;												-- don't add another
	else
		return name_list .. sepc .. ' ';										-- otherwise terminate the name list
	end
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E &gt;----------------------------------------

returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue parameters as a single string; or formatted volume
or formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set.

]]
	
local function format_volume_issue (volume, issue, cite_class, origin, sepc, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set (volume) and not utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return '';
	end
	
	if 'magazine' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map'}) and 'magazine' == origin) then
		if utilities.is_set (volume) and utilities.is_set (issue) then
			return wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, hyphen_to_dash (volume), issue}, lower);
		elseif utilities.is_set (volume) then
			return wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, hyphen_to_dash (volume)}, lower);
		else
			return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
		end
	end

	if 'podcast' == cite_class and utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
	end

	local vol = '';																-- here for all cites except magazine
		
	if utilities.is_set (volume) then
		if volume:match ('^[MDCLXVI]+$') or volume:match ('^%d+$') then			-- volume value is all digits or all uppercase Roman numerals
			vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, volume});	-- render in bold face
		elseif (4 &lt; mw.ustring.len(volume)) then								-- not all digits or Roman numerals and longer than 4 characters
			vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- not bold
			utilities.add_prop_cat ('long_vol');
		else																	-- four or less characters
			vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- bold
		end
	end
	if utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return vol .. utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue);
	end
	return vol;
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S &gt;-----------------------------------------

adds static text to one of |page(s)= or |sheet(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings.
The return order is:
	page, pages, sheet, sheets

Singular has priority over plural when both are provided.

]]

local function format_pages_sheets (page, pages, sheet, sheets, cite_class, origin, sepc, nopp, lower)
	if 'map' == cite_class then													-- only cite map supports sheet(s) as in-source locators
		if utilities.is_set (sheet) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheet', sheet, lower), '';
			else
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('sheet', {sepc, sheet}, lower), '';
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (sheets) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheets', sheets, lower);
			else
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('sheets', {sepc, sheets}, lower);
			end
		end
	end

	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map', 'interview'}) and 'journal' == origin);
	
	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], page), '', '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		else
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], pages), '', '', '';
		elseif tonumber(pages) ~= nil and not nopp then							-- if pages is only digits, assume a single page number
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		else
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		end
	end
	
	return '', '', '', '';														-- return empty strings
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N S O U R C E _ L O C _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------------------

returns one of the in-source locators: page, pages, or at. 

If any of these are interwiki links to Wikisource, returns the label portion of the interwiki-link as plain text
for use in COinS.  This COinS thing is done because here we convert an interwiki-link to an external link and
add an icon span around that; get_coins_pages() doesn't know about the span.  TODO: should it?  

TODO: add support for sheet and sheets?; streamline;

TODO: make it so that this function returns only one of the three as the single in-source (the return value assigned
to a new name)?

]]

local function insource_loc_get (page, pages, at)
	local ws_url, ws_label, coins_pages, L;										-- for Wikisource interwiki-links; TODO: this corrupts page metadata (span remains in place after cleanup; fix there?)

	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if utilities.is_set (pages) or utilities.is_set (at) then
			pages = '';															-- unset the others
			at = '';
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (page);										-- add this page to maint cat if |page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (page);						-- make ws URL from |page= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			page = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in page');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			page = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, page});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if utilities.is_set (at) then
			at = '';															-- unset
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (pages);										-- add this page to maint cat if |pages= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (pages);						-- make ws URL from |pages= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			pages = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in pages');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			pages = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, pages});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (at) then
		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (at);							-- make ws URL from |at= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			at = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in at');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			at = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, at});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	end
	
	return page, pages, at, coins_pages;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------

Check archive.org URLs to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the 
save snapshot URL or to calendar pages.  When the archive URL is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...)
archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the URL.  That is something that Wikipedia should not allow
unwitting readers to do.

When the archive.org URL does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its own
algorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result.  [[WP:ELNO]] discourages links to search results.

This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and
|archive-date= and an error message when:
	|archive-url= holds an archive.org save command URL
	|archive-url= is an archive.org URL that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in the
		correct place
otherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date=

There are two mostly compatible archive.org URLs:
	//web.archive.org/&lt;timestamp&gt;...		-- the old form
	//web.archive.org/web/&lt;timestamp&gt;...	-- the new form

The old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag.  There are four identified flags
('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore)
we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form.

This function supports a preview mode.  When the article is rendered in preview mode, this function may return a modified
archive URL:
	for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the URL unmodified
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/)

]=]

local function archive_url_check (url, date)
	local err_msg = '';															-- start with the error message empty
	local path, timestamp, flag;												-- portions of the archive.org URL
	
	if (not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/')) and (not url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/')) then		-- also deprecated liveweb Wayback machine URL
		return url, date;														-- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end

	if url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then								-- if a save command URL, we don't want to allow saving of the target page 
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.save;
		url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);				-- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURL
	elseif url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/') then
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.liveweb;
	else
		path, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');	-- split out some of the URL parts for evaluation
		
		if not utilities.is_set (timestamp) or 14 ~= timestamp:len() then		-- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp here
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.timestamp;
			if '*' ~= flag then
				url=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?)[^/]*', '%1*', 1)	-- for preview, modify ts to be yearmo* max (0-6 digits plus splat)
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (path) and 'web/' ~= path then					-- older archive URLs do not have the extra 'web/' path element
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.path;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not utilities.is_set (path) then		-- flag not allowed with the old form URL (without the 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then		-- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		else
			return url, date;													-- return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
		end
	end
																				-- if here, something not right so
	table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_archive_url', {err_msg}, true ) } );	-- add error message and
	if utilities.is_set (Frame:preprocess('{{REVISIONID}}')) then
		return '', '';															-- return empty strings for ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	else
		return url, date;														-- preview mode so return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P L A C E _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

check |place=, |publication-place=, |location= to see if these params include digits.  This function added because
many editors misuse location to specify the in-source location (|page(s)= and |at= are supposed to do that)

returns the original parameter value without modification; added maint cat when parameter value contains digits

]]

local function place_check (param_val)
	if not utilities.is_set (param_val) then									-- parameter empty or omitted
		return param_val;														-- return that empty state
	end
	
	if mw.ustring.find (param_val, '%d') then									-- not empty, are there digits in the parameter value
		utilities.set_message ('maint_location');								-- yep, add maint cat
	end
	
	return param_val;															-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ G E N E R I C _ T I T L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

compares |title= value against list of known generic title patterns.  Returns true when pattern matches; nil else

the k/v pairs in 'generic_titles' each contain two tables, one for English and one for another 'local' language
Each of those tables contain another table that holds the string or pattern (whole title or title fragment) in
index [1].  index [2] is a Boolean that tells string.find() or mw.ustring.find() to do plain-text search (true)
or a pattern search (false).  The intent of all this complexity is to make these searches as fast as possible so
that we don't run out of processing time on very large articles.

]]

local function is_generic_title (title)
	title = mw.ustring.lower(title);											-- switch title to lower case
	for _, generic_title in ipairs (cfg.special_case_translation['generic_titles']) do 	-- spin through the list of known generic title fragments
		if title:find (generic_title['en'][1], 1, generic_title['en'][2]) then
			return true;														-- found English generic title so done
		elseif generic_title['local'] then										-- to keep work load down, generic_title['local'] should be nil except when there is a local version of the generic title
			if mw.ustring.find (title, generic_title['local'][1], 1, generic_title['local'][2]) then	-- mw.ustring() because might not be Latin script
				return true;													-- found local generic title so done
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ A R C H I V E D _ C O P Y &gt;----------------------------------------------

compares |title= to 'Archived copy' (placeholder added by bots that can't find proper title); if matches, return true; nil else

]]

local function is_archived_copy (title)
	title = mw.ustring.lower(title);											-- switch title to lower case
	if title:find (cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy.en) then			-- if title is 'Archived copy'
		return true;
	elseif cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local'] then
		if mw.ustring.find (title, cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local']) then	-- mw.ustring() because might not be Latin script
			return true;
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N 0 &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

This is the main function doing the majority of the citation formatting.

]]

local function citation0( config, args)
	--[[ 
	Load Input Parameters
	The argument_wrapper facilitates the mapping of multiple aliases to single internal variable.
	]]
	local A = argument_wrapper ( args );
	local i 

	-- Pick out the relevant fields from the arguments.  Different citation templates
	-- define different field names for the same underlying things.	

	local Mode = is_valid_parameter_value (A['Mode'], A:ORIGIN('Mode'), cfg.keywords_lists['mode'], '');

	local author_etal;
	local a	= {};																-- authors list from |lastn= / |firstn= pairs or |vauthors=
	local Authors;

	local NameListStyle = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NameListStyle'], A:ORIGIN('NameListStyle'), cfg.keywords_lists['name-list-style'], '');
	local Collaboration = A['Collaboration'];

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');
		if 1 == selected then
			a, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList');				-- fetch author list from |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';											-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			a, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.vauthors, 'AuthorList');	-- fetch author list from |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 3 == selected then
			Authors = A['Authors'];												-- use content of |authors=
			if 'authors' == A:ORIGIN('Authors') then							-- but add a maint cat if the parameter is |authors=
				utilities.set_message ('maint_authors');						-- because use of this parameter is discouraged; what to do about the aliases is a TODO:
			end
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			author_etal = true;													-- so that |display-authors=etal not required
		end
	end

	local Others = A['Others'];

	local editor_etal;
	local e	= {};																-- editors list from |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= pairs or |veditors=
	local Editors;

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Veditors'], nil, args, 'EditorList');	-- support for |editors= withdrawn
		if 1 == selected then
			e, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList');				-- fetch editor list from |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';												-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			e, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList');	-- fetch editor list from |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		end
	end

	local translator_etal;
	local t = {};																-- translators list from |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn= pairs
	local Translators;															-- assembled translators name list
	t = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList');									-- fetch translator list from |translatorn= / |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=

	local interviewer_etal;
	local interviewers_list = {};												
	local Interviewers;															-- used later
	interviewers_list = extract_names (args, 'InterviewerList');				-- process preferred interviewers parameters

	local contributor_etal;
	local c = {};																-- contributors list from |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn= pairs
	local Contributors;															-- assembled contributors name list

	local Chapter = A['Chapter'];												-- done here so that we have access to |contribution= from |chapter= aliases
	local Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter');
	local Contribution;															-- because contribution is required for contributor(s)
		if 'contribution' == A:ORIGIN ('Chapter') then
			Contribution = A['Chapter'];										-- get the name of the contribution
		end

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (A['Periodical']) then	-- |contributor= and |contribution= only supported in book cites
		c = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList');							-- fetch contributor list from |contributorn= / |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
		
		if 0 &lt; #c then
			if not utilities.is_set (Contribution) then							-- |contributor= requires |contribution=
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribution')});	-- add missing contribution error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
			if 0 == #a then														-- |contributor= requires |author=
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'author')});	-- add missing author error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
		end
	else																		-- if not a book cite
		if utilities.select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', 1 ) then	-- are there contributor name list parameters?
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_contributor_ignored')});	-- add contributor ignored error message
		end
		Contribution = nil;														-- unset
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Others) then
		if 0 == #a and 0 == #e then												-- add maint cat when |others= has value and used without |author=, |editor=
			utilities.set_message ('maint_others');
		end
	end

	local Year = A['Year'];
	local PublicationDate = A['PublicationDate'];
	local OrigDate = A['OrigDate'];
	local Date = A['Date'];
	local LayDate = A['LayDate'];
	------------------------------------------------- Get title data
	local Title = A['Title'];
	local ScriptTitle = A['ScriptTitle'];
	local BookTitle = A['BookTitle'];
	local Conference = A['Conference'];
	local TransTitle = A['TransTitle'];
	local TransTitle_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransTitle');
	local TitleNote = A['TitleNote'];
	local TitleLink = A['TitleLink'];

	local auto_select = ''; -- default is auto
	local accept_link;
	TitleLink, accept_link = utilities.has_accept_as_written(TitleLink, true); -- test for accept-this-as-written markup
	if (not accept_link) and utilities.in_array (TitleLink, {'none', 'pmc', 'doi'}) then -- check for special keywords
		auto_select = TitleLink; -- remember selection for later
		TitleLink = ''; -- treat as if |title-link= would have been empty
	end

	TitleLink = link_title_ok (TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), Title, 'title');	-- check for wiki-markup in |title-link= or wiki-markup in |title= when |title-link= is set

	local Section = '';															-- {{cite map}} only; preset to empty string for concatenation if not used
		if 'map' == config.CitationClass and 'section' == A:ORIGIN ('Chapter') then
			Section = A['Chapter'];												-- get |section= from |chapter= alias list; |chapter= and the other aliases not supported in {{cite map}}
			Chapter = '';														-- unset for now; will be reset later from |map= if present
		end

	local ScriptChapter = A['ScriptChapter'];
	local ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptChapter');
	local ChapterLink -- = A['ChapterLink'];									-- deprecated as a parameter but still used internally by cite episode
	local TransChapter = A['TransChapter'];
	local TransChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter');
	local TitleType = A['TitleType'];
	local Degree = A['Degree'];
	local Docket = A['Docket'];
	local ArchiveFormat = A['ArchiveFormat'];

	local ArchiveDate;
	local ArchiveURL;

	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])
	
	local UrlStatus = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlStatus'], A:ORIGIN('UrlStatus'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-status'], '');

	local URL = A['URL']
	local URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('URL');											-- get name of parameter that holds URL
	local ChapterURL = A['ChapterURL'];
	local ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL');							-- get name of parameter that holds ChapterURL
	local ConferenceFormat = A['ConferenceFormat'];
	local ConferenceURL = A['ConferenceURL'];
	local ConferenceURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ConferenceURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds ConferenceURL

	local Periodical = A['Periodical'];
	local Periodical_origin = '';
	if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
		Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical');								-- get the name of the periodical parameter
		local i;
		Periodical, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical);			-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated 
		if i then																-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {Periodical_origin}, true)});
		end
	end

	if 'mailinglist' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for {{cite mailing list}}
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (A ['MailingList']) then	-- both set emit an error
			table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Periodical_origin) .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'mailinglist')}, true )});
		end

		Periodical = A ['MailingList'];											-- error or no, set Periodical to |mailinglist= value because this template is {{cite mailing list}}
		Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('MailingList');
	end

	local ScriptPeriodical = A['ScriptPeriodical'];
	local ScriptPeriodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptPeriodical');

	-- web and news not tested for now because of 
	-- Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Is_there_a_semi-automated_tool_that_could_fix_these_annoying_&quot;Cite_Web&quot;_errors?
	if not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) then	-- 'periodical' templates require periodical parameter
	--	local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine', ['news'] = 'newspaper', ['web'] = 'website'};	-- for error message
		local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine'};			-- for error message
		if p[config.CitationClass]  then
			table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_missing_periodical', {config.CitationClass, p[config.CitationClass]}, true)});
		end
	end

	local TransPeriodical =  A['TransPeriodical'];
	local TransPeriodical_origin =  A:ORIGIN ('TransPeriodical');

	local Series = A['Series'];
	
	local Volume;
	local Issue;
	local Page;
	local Pages;
	local At;

	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			if not utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, {'website', 'mailinglist'}) then	-- {{citation}} does not render volume for these 'periodicals'
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) then
			if 'script-website' ~= ScriptPeriodical_origin then					-- {{citation}} does not render volume for |script-website=
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		else
			Volume = A['Volume'];												-- and does for non-'periodical' cites
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) then	-- render |volume= for cs1 according to the configuration settings
		Volume = A['Volume'];
	end	

	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, {'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'work'}) or	-- {{citation}} renders issue for these 'periodicals'
			utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) and utilities.in_array (ScriptPeriodical_origin, {'script-journal', 'script-magazine', 'script-newspaper', 'script-periodical', 'script-work'}) then -- and these 'script-periodicals'
				Issue = hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_issue) then	-- conference &amp; map books do not support issue; {{citation}} listed here because included in settings table
		if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'conference', 'map', 'citation'}) and not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical))) then
			Issue = hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	end

	local Position = '';
	if not utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page) then
		Page = A['Page'];
		Pages = hyphen_to_dash (A['Pages']);	
		At = A['At'];
	end
	local QuotePage = A['QuotePage'];
	local QuotePages = hyphen_to_dash (A['QuotePages']);

	local Edition = A['Edition'];
	local PublicationPlace = place_check (A['PublicationPlace'], A:ORIGIN('PublicationPlace'));
	local Place = place_check (A['Place'], A:ORIGIN('Place'));
	
	local PublisherName = A['PublisherName'];
	local PublisherName_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublisherName');
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		local i = 0;
		PublisherName, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (PublisherName);	-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated; publisher is never italicized
		if i then																-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {PublisherName_origin}, true)});
		end
	end

	local Newsgroup = A['Newsgroup'];											-- TODO: strip apostrophe markup?
	local Newsgroup_origin = A:ORIGIN('Newsgroup');	

	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then								-- general use parameter |publisher= not allowed in cite newsgroup
			local error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {PublisherName_origin}, true);
			if utilities.is_set (error_text) then
				table.insert( z.message_tail, {error_text, error_state} );
			end				
		end

		PublisherName = nil;													-- ensure that this parameter is unset for the time being; will be used again after COinS
	end

	local UrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('UrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
		if not utilities.is_set (URL) and utilities.is_set (UrlAccess) then
			UrlAccess = nil;
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_param_access_requires_param', {'url'}, true ) } );
		end
		
	local ChapterUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['ChapterUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (ChapterUrlAccess) then
		ChapterUrlAccess = nil;
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_param_access_requires_param', {A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'):gsub ('%-access', '')}, true ) } );
	end

	local MapUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['MapUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('MapUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (A['MapURL']) and utilities.is_set (MapUrlAccess) then
		MapUrlAccess = nil;
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_param_access_requires_param', {'map-url'}, true ) } );
	end

	local Via = A['Via'];
	local AccessDate = A['AccessDate'];
	local Agency = A['Agency'];

	local Language = A['Language'];
	local Format = A['Format'];
	local ChapterFormat = A['ChapterFormat'];
	local DoiBroken = A['DoiBroken'];
	local ID = A['ID'];
	local ASINTLD = A['ASINTLD'];
	local Embargo = A['Embargo'];
	local Class = A['Class'];													-- arxiv class identifier

	local Quote = A['Quote'];
	local ScriptQuote = A['ScriptQuote'];
	local TransQuote = A['TransQuote'];
	local LayFormat = A['LayFormat'];
	local LayURL = A['LayURL'];
	local LaySource = A['LaySource'];
	local Transcript = A['Transcript'];
	local TranscriptFormat = A['TranscriptFormat'];
	local TranscriptURL = A['TranscriptURL'] 
	local TranscriptURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds TranscriptURL

	local no_tracking_cats = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoTracking'], A:ORIGIN('NoTracking'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	-- local variables that are not cs1 parameters
	local use_lowercase;														-- controls capitalization of certain static text
	local this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();								-- also used for COinS and for language
	local anchor_year;															-- used in the CITEREF identifier
	local COinS_date = {};														-- holds date info extracted from |date= for the COinS metadata by Module:Date verification

	local DF = is_valid_parameter_value (A['DF'], A:ORIGIN('DF'), cfg.keywords_lists['df'], '');
	if not utilities.is_set (DF) then
		DF = cfg.global_df;														-- local |df= if present overrides global df set by {{use xxx date}} template
	end

	local sepc;																	-- separator between citation elements for CS1 a period, for CS2, a comma
	local PostScript;
	local Ref = A['Ref'];
	if 'harv' == Ref then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_ref_harv');								-- add maint cat to identify templates that have this now-extraneous param value
	elseif not utilities.is_set (Ref) then
		Ref = 'harv';															-- set as default when not set externally
	end
	
	sepc, PostScript, Ref = set_style (Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], Ref, config.CitationClass);
	use_lowercase = ( sepc == ',' ); 											-- used to control capitalization for certain static text

	-- check this page to see if it is in one of the namespaces that cs1 is not supposed to add to the error categories
	if not utilities.is_set (no_tracking_cats) then								-- ignore if we are already not going to categorize this page
		if utilities.in_array (this_page.nsText, cfg.uncategorized_namespaces) then
			no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;											-- set no_tracking_cats
		end
		for _, v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do						-- cycle through page name patterns
			if this_page.text:match (v) then									-- test page name against each pattern
				no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;										-- set no_tracking_cats
				break;															-- bail out if one is found
			end
		end
	end
																				-- check for extra |page=, |pages= or |at= parameters. (also sheet and sheets while we're at it)
	utilities.select_one (args, {'page', 'p', 'pp', 'pages', 'at', 'sheet', 'sheets'}, 'err_redundant_parameters');	-- this is a dummy call simply to get the error message and category

	local coins_pages;
	
	Page, Pages, At, coins_pages = insource_loc_get (Page, Pages, At);

	local NoPP = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoPP'], A:ORIGIN('NoPP'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- both |publication-place= and |place= (|location=) allowed if different
		utilities.add_prop_cat ('location test');								-- add property cat to evaluate how often PublicationPlace and Place are used together
		if PublicationPlace == Place then
			Place = '';															-- unset; don't need both if they are the same
		end
	elseif not utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- when only |place= (|location=) is set ...
		PublicationPlace = Place;												-- promote |place= (|location=) to |publication-place
	end

	if PublicationPlace == Place then Place = ''; end							-- don't need both if they are the same
	
	--[[
	Parameter remapping for cite encyclopedia:
	When the citation has these parameters:
		|encyclopedia= and |title= then map |title= to |article= and |encyclopedia= to |title=
		|encyclopedia= and |article= then map |encyclopedia= to |title=

		|trans-title= maps to |trans-chapter= when |title= is re-mapped
		|url= maps to |chapter-url= when |title= is remapped
	
	All other combinations of |encyclopedia=, |title=, and |article= are not modified
	
	]]

	local Encyclopedia = A['Encyclopedia'];										-- used as a flag by this module and by ~/COinS

	if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then										-- emit error message when Encyclopedia set but template is other than {{cite encyclopedia}} or {{citation}}
		if 'encyclopaedia' ~= config.CitationClass and 'citation' ~= config.CitationClass then
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia')}, true)});
			Encyclopedia = nil;													-- unset because not supported by this template
		end
	end

	if ('encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then	-- when both set emit an error
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia')) .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Periodical_origin)}, true )});
		end

		if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then
			Periodical = Encyclopedia;											-- error or no, set Periodical to Encyclopedia; allow periodical without encyclopedia
			Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia');
		end

		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- Periodical is set when |encyclopedia= is set
			if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then
				if not utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
					Chapter = Title;											-- |encyclopedia= and |title= are set so map |title= to |article= and |encyclopedia= to |title=
					ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
					ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle')
					TransChapter = TransTitle;
					ChapterURL = URL;
					ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('URL')

					ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;

					if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (TitleLink) then
						Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Chapter);
					end
					Title = Periodical;
					ChapterFormat = Format;
					Periodical = '';											-- redundant so unset
					TransTitle = '';
					URL = '';
					Format = '';
					TitleLink = '';
					ScriptTitle = '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (Chapter) then								-- |title= not set
				Title = Periodical;												-- |encyclopedia= set and |article= set so map |encyclopedia= to |title=
				Periodical = '';												-- redundant so unset
			end
		end
	end

	-- special case for cite techreport.
	if (config.CitationClass == &quot;techreport&quot;) then								-- special case for cite techreport
		if utilities.is_set (A['Number']) then									-- cite techreport uses 'number', which other citations alias to 'issue'
			if not utilities.is_set (ID) then									-- can we use ID for the &quot;number&quot;?
				ID = A['Number'];												-- yes, use it
			else																-- ID has a value so emit error message
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'id') .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'number')}, true )});
			end
		end	
	end

	-- Account for the oddity that is {{cite conference}}, before generation of COinS data.
	if 'conference' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (BookTitle) then
			Chapter = Title;
			Chapter_origin = 'title';
	--		ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- |chapter-link= is deprecated
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
			URL_origin = '';
			ChapterFormat = Format;
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			TransChapter_origin = TransTitle_origin;
			Title = BookTitle;
			Format = '';
	--		TitleLink = '';
			TransTitle = '';
			URL = '';
		end
	elseif 'speech' ~= config.CitationClass then
		Conference = '';														-- not cite conference or cite speech so make sure this is empty string
	end

	-- cite map oddities
	local Cartography = &quot;&quot;;
	local Scale = &quot;&quot;;
	local Sheet = A['Sheet'] or '';
	local Sheets = A['Sheets'] or '';
	if config.CitationClass == &quot;map&quot; then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'map') .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Chapter_origin)}, true ) } );	-- add error message
		end
		Chapter = A['Map'];
		Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('Map');
		ChapterURL = A['MapURL'];
		ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('MapURL');
		TransChapter = A['TransMap'];
		ScriptChapter = A['ScriptMap']
		ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptMap')

		ChapterUrlAccess = MapUrlAccess;
		ChapterFormat = A['MapFormat'];

		Cartography = A['Cartography'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Cartography ) then
			Cartography = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('cartography', Cartography, use_lowercase);
		end		
		Scale = A['Scale'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Scale ) then
			Scale = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Scale;
		end
	end

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite episode}} and {{cite serial}}, before generation of COinS data.
	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass or 'serial' == config.CitationClass then
		local SeriesLink = A['SeriesLink'];

		SeriesLink = link_title_ok (SeriesLink, A:ORIGIN ('SeriesLink'), Series, 'series');	-- check for wiki-markup in |series-link= or wiki-markup in |series= when |series-link= is set

		local Network = A['Network'];
		local Station = A['Station'];
		local s, n = {}, {};
																				-- do common parameters first
		if utilities.is_set (Network) then table.insert(n, Network); end
		if utilities.is_set (Station) then table.insert(n, Station); end
		ID = table.concat(n, sepc .. ' ');
		
		if 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- handle the oddities that are strictly {{cite episode}}
			local Season = A['Season'];
			local SeriesNumber = A['SeriesNumber'];

			if utilities.is_set (Season) and utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then	-- these are mutually exclusive so if both are set
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'season') .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'seriesno')}, true ) } );		-- add error message
				SeriesNumber = '';												-- unset; prefer |season= over |seriesno=
			end
																				-- assemble a table of parts concatenated later into Series
			if utilities.is_set (Season) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('season', Season, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('seriesnum', SeriesNumber, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (Issue) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('episode', Issue, use_lowercase)); end
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this is not a unique parameter
	
			Chapter = Title;													-- promote title parameters to chapter
			ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
			ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle');
			ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- alias |episode-link=
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('URL');
			
			Title = Series;														-- promote series to title
			TitleLink = SeriesLink;
			Series = table.concat(s, sepc .. ' ');								-- this is concatenation of season, seriesno, episode number

			if utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- link but not URL
				Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Chapter);
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- if both are set, URL links episode;
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Series);
			end
			URL = '';															-- unset
			TransTitle = '';
			ScriptTitle = '';
			
		else																	-- now oddities that are cite serial
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this parameter no longer supported by the citation/core version of cite serial
			Chapter = A['Episode'];												-- TODO: make |episode= available to cite episode someday?
			if utilities.is_set (Series) and utilities.is_set (SeriesLink) then
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (SeriesLink, Series);
			end
			Series = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Series);				-- series is italicized
		end	
	end
	-- end of {{cite episode}} stuff

	-- handle type parameter for those CS1 citations that have default values
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;AV-media-notes&quot;, &quot;interview&quot;, &quot;mailinglist&quot;, &quot;map&quot;, &quot;podcast&quot;, &quot;pressrelease&quot;, &quot;report&quot;, &quot;techreport&quot;, &quot;thesis&quot;}) then
		TitleType = set_titletype (config.CitationClass, TitleType);
		if utilities.is_set (Degree) and &quot;Thesis&quot; == TitleType then				-- special case for cite thesis
			TitleType = Degree .. ' ' .. cfg.title_types ['thesis']:lower();
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (TitleType) then										-- if type parameter is specified
		TitleType = utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['type'], TitleType);	-- display it in parentheses
	-- TODO: Hack on TitleType to fix bunched parentheses problem
	end

	-- legacy: promote PublicationDate to Date if neither Date nor Year are set.
 	local Date_origin;															-- to hold the name of parameter promoted to Date; required for date error messaging

	if not utilities.is_set (Date) then
		Date = Year;															-- promote Year to Date
		Year = nil;																-- make nil so Year as empty string isn't used for CITEREF
		if not utilities.is_set (Date) and utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then	-- use PublicationDate when |date= and |year= are not set
			Date = PublicationDate;												-- promote PublicationDate to Date
			PublicationDate = '';												-- unset, no longer needed
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublicationDate');							-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		else
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Year');										-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		end
	else
		Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Date');											-- not a promotion; name required for error messaging
	end

	if PublicationDate == Date then PublicationDate = ''; end					-- if PublicationDate is same as Date, don't display in rendered citation

	--[[
	Go test all of the date-holding parameters for valid MOS:DATE format and make sure that dates are real dates. This must be done before we do COinS because here is where
	we get the date used in the metadata.
	
	Date validation supporting code is in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation
	]]
	do	-- create defined block to contain local variables error_message, date_parameters_list, mismatch
		local error_message = '';
																				-- AirDate has been promoted to Date so not necessary to check it
		local date_parameters_list = {
			['access-date'] = {val = AccessDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('AccessDate')},
			['archive-date'] = {val = ArchiveDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('ArchiveDate')},
			['date'] = {val = Date, name = Date_origin},
			['doi-broken-date'] = {val = DoiBroken, name = A:ORIGIN ('DoiBroken')},
			['pmc-embargo-date'] = {val = Embargo, name = A:ORIGIN ('Embargo')},
			['lay-date'] = {val = LayDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('LayDate')},
			['publication-date'] = {val = PublicationDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('PublicationDate')},
			['year'] = {val = Year, name = A:ORIGIN ('Year')},
			};

		local error_list = {};
		anchor_year, Embargo = validation.dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date, error_list);

-- start temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty categorization
		if COinS_date.inter_cal_cat then
			utilities.add_prop_cat ('jul_greg_uncertainty');
		end
-- end temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty categorization

		if utilities.is_set (Year) and utilities.is_set (Date) then				-- both |date= and |year= not normally needed; 
			local mismatch = validation.year_date_check (Year, Date);
			if 0 == mismatch then												-- |year= does not match a year-value in |date=
				table.insert (error_list, '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;year= / &amp;#124;date= mismatch&lt;/code&gt;');
			elseif 1 == mismatch then											-- |year= matches year-value in |date=
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_year');						-- add a maint cat
			end
		end
		
		if 0 == #error_list then												-- error free dates only; 0 when error_list is empty
			local modified = false;												-- flag
			
			if utilities.is_set (DF) then										-- if we need to reformat dates
				modified = validation.reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, DF);	-- reformat to DF format, use long month names if appropriate
			end

			if true == validation.date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then	-- convert hyphens to dashes where appropriate
				modified = true;
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_format');					-- hyphens were converted so add maint category
			end
			
	-- for those wikis that can and want to have English date names translated to the local language,
	-- uncomment the next three lines.  Not supported by en.wiki (for obvious reasons)
	-- set validation.date_name_xlate() second argument to true to translate English digits to local digits (will translate ymd dates)
	--		if validation.date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, false) then
	--			modified = true;
	--		end

			if modified then													-- if the date_parameters_list values were modified
				AccessDate = date_parameters_list['access-date'].val;			-- overwrite date holding parameters with modified values
				ArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['archive-date'].val;
				Date = date_parameters_list['date'].val;
				DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-broken-date'].val;
				LayDate = date_parameters_list['lay-date'].val;
				PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['publication-date'].val;
			end
		else
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_bad_date', {utilities.make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)}, true)});	-- add this error message
		end
	end	-- end of do

	local ID_list = {};															-- sequence table of rendered identifiers
	local ID_list_coins = {};													-- table of identifiers and their values from args; key is same as cfg.id_handlers's key
	ID_list, ID_list_coins = identifiers.identifier_lists_get (args, {DoiBroken = DoiBroken, ASINTLD = ASINTLD, Embargo = Embargo, Class = Class});

	if utilities.is_set (DoiBroken) and not ID_list_coins['DOI'] then
		table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_doibroken_missing_doi', A:ORIGIN('DoiBroken'))});
	end

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, {{cite ssrn}}, before generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list) then
		if not utilities.is_set (ID_list_coins[config.CitationClass:upper()]) then 	-- |arxiv= or |eprint= required for cite arxiv; |biorxiv= &amp; |citeseerx= required for their templates
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_' .. config.CitationClass .. '_missing', {}, true)});	-- add error message
		end

		Periodical = ({['arxiv'] = 'arXiv', ['biorxiv'] = 'bioRxiv', ['citeseerx'] = 'CiteSeerX', ['ssrn'] = 'Social Science Research Network'})[config.CitationClass];
	end

	-- Link the title of the work if no |url= was provided, but we have a |pmc= or a |doi= with |doi-access=free

	if config.CitationClass == &quot;journal&quot; and not utilities.is_set (URL) and not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) then -- TODO: remove 'none' once existing citations have been switched to 'off', so 'none' can be used as token for &quot;no title&quot; instead
    		if 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[auto_select] then -- if auto-linking not disabled
 	 		if identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select] then -- manual selection
		 		URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select]; -- set URL to be the same as identifier's external link
 				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers[auto_select:upper()].parameters[1]; -- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc'] then -- auto-select PMC
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc']; -- set URL to be the same as the PMC external link if not embargoed
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1]; -- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'] then -- auto-select DOI
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'];
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['DOI'].parameters[1];
			end
 	 	end

		if utilities.is_set (URL) and utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then		-- access date requires |url=; identifier-created URL is not |url=
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );	-- add an error message
			AccessDate = '';													-- unset
		end
	end

	-- At this point fields may be nil if they weren't specified in the template use.  We can use that fact.
	-- Test if citation has no title
	if	not utilities.is_set (Title) and not utilities.is_set (TransTitle) and not utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then	-- has special case for cite episode
		table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_citation_missing_title', {'episode' == config.CitationClass and 'series' or 'title'}, true ) } );
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) and
			utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'citation'}) and
			(utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and
			('journal' == Periodical_origin or 'script-journal' == ScriptPeriodical_origin) then	-- special case for journal cites
				Title = '';														-- set title to empty string
				utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');						-- add maint cat
	end

	check_for_url ({															-- add error message when any of these parameters hold a URL
		['title'] = Title,
		[A:ORIGIN('Chapter')] = Chapter,
		[Periodical_origin] = Periodical,
		[PublisherName_origin] = PublisherName
		});

	-- COinS metadata (see &lt;http://ocoins.info/&gt;) for automated parsing of citation information.
	-- handle the oddity that is cite encyclopedia and {{citation |encyclopedia=something}}. Here we presume that
	-- when Periodical, Title, and Chapter are all set, then Periodical is the book (encyclopedia) title, Title
	-- is the article title, and Chapter is a section within the article.  So, we remap 
	
	local coins_chapter = Chapter;												-- default assuming that remapping not required
	local coins_title = Title;													-- et tu
	if 'encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and utilities.is_set (Title) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- if all are used then
			coins_chapter = Title;												-- remap
			coins_title = Periodical;
		end
	end
	local coins_author = a;														-- default for coins rft.au 
	if 0 &lt; #c then																-- but if contributor list
		coins_author = c;														-- use that instead
	end

	-- this is the function call to COinS()
	local OCinSoutput = metadata.COinS({
		['Periodical'] = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical),		-- no markup in the metadata
		['Encyclopedia'] = Encyclopedia,										-- just a flag; content ignored by ~/COinS
		['Chapter'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_chapter, ScriptChapter),	-- Chapter and ScriptChapter stripped of bold / italic wiki-markup
		['Degree'] = Degree;													-- cite thesis only
		['Title'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_title, ScriptTitle),		-- Title and ScriptTitle stripped of bold / italic wiki-markup
		['PublicationPlace'] = PublicationPlace,
		['Date'] = COinS_date.rftdate,											-- COinS_date has correctly formatted date if Date is valid;
		['Season'] = COinS_date.rftssn,
		['Quarter'] = COinS_date.rftquarter,
		['Chron'] =  COinS_date.rftchron or (not COinS_date.rftdate and Date) or '',	-- chron but if not set and invalid date format use Date; keep this last bit?
		['Series'] = Series,
		['Volume'] = Volume,
		['Issue'] = Issue,
		['Pages'] = coins_pages or metadata.get_coins_pages (first_set ({Sheet, Sheets, Page, Pages, At, QuotePage, QuotePages}, 7)),	-- pages stripped of external links
		['Edition'] = Edition,
		['PublisherName'] = PublisherName or Newsgroup,							-- any apostrophe markup already removed from PublisherName
		['URL'] = first_set ({ChapterURL, URL}, 2),
		['Authors'] = coins_author,
		['ID_list'] = ID_list_coins,
		['RawPage'] = this_page.prefixedText,
	}, config.CitationClass);

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, and {{cite ssrn}} AFTER generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list) then	-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, bioRxiv, CiteSeerX, or ssrn now unset so it isn't displayed
		Periodical = '';														-- periodical not allowed in these templates; if article has been published, use cite journal
	end

	-- special case for cite newsgroup.  Do this after COinS because we are modifying Publishername to include some static text
	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Newsgroup) then
		PublisherName = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['newsgroup'], external_link( 'news:' .. Newsgroup, Newsgroup, Newsgroup_origin, nil ));
	end

	-- Now perform various field substitutions.
	-- We also add leading spaces and surrounding markup and punctuation to the
	-- various parts of the citation, but only when they are non-nil.
	local EditorCount;															-- used only for choosing {ed.) or (eds.) annotation at end of editor name-list
	do
		local last_first_list;
		local control = { 
			format = NameListStyle,												-- empty string or 'vanc'
			maximum = nil,														-- as if display-authors or display-editors not set
			mode = Mode
		};

		do																		-- do editor name list first because the now unsupported coauthors used to modify control table
			control.maximum , editor_etal = get_display_names (A['DisplayEditors'], #e, 'editors', editor_etal);
			Editors, EditorCount = list_people (control, e, editor_etal);

			if 1 == EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 &lt; #e) then		-- only one editor displayed but includes etal then 
				EditorCount = 2;												-- spoof to display (eds.) annotation
			end
		end
		do																		-- now do interviewers
			control.maximum , interviewer_etal = get_display_names (A['DisplayInterviewers'], #interviewers_list, 'interviewers', interviewer_etal);
			Interviewers = list_people (control, interviewers_list, interviewer_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do translators
			control.maximum , translator_etal = get_display_names (A['DisplayTranslators'], #t, 'translators', translator_etal);
			Translators = list_people (control, t, translator_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do contributors
			control.maximum , contributor_etal = get_display_names (A['DisplayContributors'], #c, 'contributors', contributor_etal);
			Contributors = list_people (control, c, contributor_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do authors
			control.maximum , author_etal = get_display_names (A['DisplayAuthors'], #a, 'authors', author_etal);

			last_first_list = list_people(control, a, author_etal);

			if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
				Authors, author_etal = name_has_etal (Authors, author_etal, false, 'authors');	-- find and remove variations on et al.
				if author_etal then
					Authors = Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];			-- add et al. to authors parameter
				end
			else
				Authors = last_first_list;										-- either an author name list or an empty string
			end
		end																		-- end of do
	
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) and utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			Authors = Authors .. ' (' .. Collaboration .. ')';					-- add collaboration after et al.
		end

	end

	-- apply |[xx-]format= styling; at the end, these parameters hold correctly styled format annotation,
	-- an error message if the associated URL is not set, or an empty string for concatenation
	ArchiveFormat = style_format (ArchiveFormat, ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url');
	ConferenceFormat = style_format (ConferenceFormat, ConferenceURL, 'conference-format', 'conference-url');
	Format = style_format (Format, URL, 'format', 'url');
	LayFormat = style_format (LayFormat, LayURL, 'lay-format', 'lay-url');
	TranscriptFormat = style_format (TranscriptFormat, TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl');

	-- special case for chapter format so no error message or cat when chapter not supported
	if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia))) then
			ChapterFormat = style_format (ChapterFormat, ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url');
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (URL) then
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;web&quot;, &quot;podcast&quot;, &quot;mailinglist&quot;}) or		-- |url= required for cite web, cite podcast, and cite mailinglist
			('citation' == config.CitationClass and ('website' == Periodical_origin or 'script-website' == ScriptPeriodical_origin)) then	-- and required for {{citation}} with |website= or |script-website=
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_cite_web_url', {}, true ) } );
		end
		
		-- do we have |accessdate= without either |url= or |chapter-url=?
		if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then		-- ChapterURL may be set when URL is not set;
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );
			AccessDate = '';
		end
	end

	local OriginalURL, OriginalURL_origin, OriginalFormat, OriginalAccess;
	UrlStatus = UrlStatus:lower();												-- used later when assembling archived text
	if utilities.is_set ( ArchiveURL ) then
		if utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then 									-- if chapter-url= is set apply archive url to it
			OriginalURL = ChapterURL;											-- save copy of source chapter's url for archive text
			OriginalURL_origin = ChapterURL_origin;								-- name of |chapter-url= parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = ChapterFormat;										-- and original |chapter-format=

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then
				ChapterURL = ArchiveURL											-- swap-in the archive's URL
				ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')						-- name of |archive-url= parameter for error messages
				ChapterFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';							-- swap in archive's format
				ChapterUrlAccess = nil;											-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (URL) then
			OriginalURL = URL;													-- save copy of original source URL
			OriginalURL_origin = URL_origin;									-- name of URL parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = Format; 											-- and original |format=
			OriginalAccess = UrlAccess;

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then											-- if URL set then |archive-url= applies to it
				URL = ArchiveURL												-- swap-in the archive's URL
				URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')								-- name of archive URL parameter for error messages
				Format = ArchiveFormat or '';									-- swap in archive's format
				UrlAccess = nil;												-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
 		end
	end

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) or	-- if any of the 'periodical' cites except encyclopedia
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
			local chap_param;
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then									-- get a parameter name from one of these chapter related meta-parameters
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (TransChapter) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterURL')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptChapter) then
				chap_param = ScriptChapter_origin;
			else utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat)
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterFormat')
			end

			if utilities.is_set (chap_param) then								-- if we found one
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_chapter_ignored', {chap_param}, true ) } );	-- add error message
				Chapter = '';													-- and set them to empty string to be safe with concatenation
				TransChapter = '';
				ChapterURL = '';
				ScriptChapter = '';
				ChapterFormat = '';
			end
	else																		-- otherwise, format chapter / article title
		local no_quotes = false;												-- default assume that we will be quoting the chapter parameter value
		if utilities.is_set (Contribution) and 0 &lt; #c then						-- if this is a contribution with contributor(s)
			if utilities.in_array (Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords_lists.contribution) then	-- and a generic contribution title
				no_quotes = true;												-- then render it unquoted
			end
		end

		Chapter = format_chapter_title (ScriptChapter, ScriptChapter_origin, Chapter, Chapter_origin, TransChapter, TransChapter_origin, ChapterURL, ChapterURL_origin, no_quotes, ChapterUrlAccess);		-- Contribution is also in Chapter
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
			Chapter = Chapter .. ChapterFormat ;
			if 'map' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (TitleType) then
				Chapter = Chapter .. ' ' .. TitleType;							-- map annotation here; not after title
			end
			Chapter = Chapter .. sepc .. ' ';
		elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat) then							-- |chapter= not set but |chapter-format= is so ...
			Chapter = ChapterFormat .. sepc .. ' ';								-- ... ChapterFormat has error message, we want to see it
		end
	end

	-- Format main title
	local plain_title = false;
	local accept_title;
	Title, accept_title = utilities.has_accept_as_written (Title, true);		-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;Title&gt;
	if accept_title and ('' == Title) then										-- only support forced empty for now &quot;(())&quot;
		Title = cfg.messages['notitle'];										-- replace by predefined &quot;No title&quot; message
			-- TODO: utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', ...);	-- issue proper error message instead of muting	 
			ScriptTitle = '';													-- just mute for now	 
			TransTitle = '';													-- just mute for now
 		plain_title = true;														-- suppress text decoration for descriptive title
		utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');								-- add maint cat
	end

	if not accept_title then -- &lt;Title&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
		if '...' == Title:sub (-3) then											-- if ellipsis is the last three characters of |title=
			Title = Title:gsub ('(%.%.%.)%.+$', '%1');							-- limit the number of dots to three
		elseif not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%.%s*%a%.$') and					-- end of title is not a 'dot-(optional space-)letter-dot' initialism ...
			not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%s+%a%.$') then						-- ...and not a 'space-letter-dot' initial (''Allium canadense'' L.)
				Title = mw.ustring.gsub(Title, '%' .. sepc .. '$', '');			-- remove any trailing separator character; sepc and ms.ustring() here for languages that use multibyte separator characters
		end

		if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) and is_archived_copy (Title) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_archived_copy');						-- add maintenance category before we modify the content of Title
		end

		if is_generic_title (Title) then
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ( 'err_generic_title', {}, true ) } );	-- set an error message
		end
	end

	if (not plain_title) and (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'mailinglist', 'interview', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) or
		('map' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)))) then		-- special case for cite map when the map is in a periodical treat as an article
			Title = kern_quotes (Title);										-- if necessary, separate title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			Title = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', Title);
			Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
			TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );
	elseif plain_title or ('report' == config.CitationClass) then								-- no styling for cite report and descriptive titles (otherwise same as above)
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );				-- for cite report, use this form for trans-title
	else
		Title = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Title);
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', TransTitle);
	end

	local TransError = &quot;&quot;;
	if utilities.is_set (TransTitle) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) then
			TransTitle = &quot; &quot; .. TransTitle;
		else
			TransError = &quot; &quot; .. utilities.set_message ( 'err_trans_missing_title', {'title'} );
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Title) then											-- TODO: is this the right place to be making Wikisource URLs?
		if utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_wikilink_in_url', {}, true ) } );	-- set an error message because we can't have both
			TitleLink = '';														-- unset
		end
	
		if not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			Title = external_link (URL, Title, URL_origin, UrlAccess) .. TransTitle .. TransError .. Format;
			URL = '';															-- unset these because no longer needed
			Format = &quot;&quot;;
		elseif utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.is_set (URL) then
			local ws_url;
			ws_url = wikisource_url_make (TitleLink);							-- ignore ws_label return; not used here
			if ws_url then
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title-link');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], TitleLink, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle .. TransError;
			else
				Title = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Title) .. TransTitle .. TransError;
			end
		else
			local ws_url, ws_label, L;											-- Title has italic or quote markup by the time we get here which causes is_wikilink() to return 0 (not a wikilink)
			ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (Title:gsub('^[\'&quot;]*(.-)[\'&quot;]*$', '%1'));	-- make ws URL from |title= interwiki link (strip italic or quote markup); link portion L becomes tooltip label
			if ws_url then
				Title = Title:gsub ('%b[]', ws_label);							-- replace interwiki link with ws_label to retain markup
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle .. TransError;
			else
				Title = Title .. TransTitle .. TransError;
			end
		end
	else
		Title = TransTitle .. TransError;
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Place) then
		Place = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('written', Place, use_lowercase) .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Conference) then
		if utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
			Conference = external_link( ConferenceURL, Conference, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Conference .. ConferenceFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. external_link( ConferenceURL, nil, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (Position) then
		local Minutes = A['Minutes'];
		local Time = A['Time'];

		if utilities.is_set (Minutes) then
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then
				table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'minutes') .. ' and ' .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'time')}, true ) } );
			end
			Position = &quot; &quot; .. Minutes .. &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['minutes'];
		else
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then
				local TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']
				if not utilities.is_set (TimeCaption) then
					TimeCaption = cfg.messages['event'];
					if sepc ~= '.' then
						TimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower();
					end
				end
				Position = &quot; &quot; .. TimeCaption .. &quot; &quot; .. Time;
			end
		end
	else
		Position = &quot; &quot; .. Position;
		At = '';
	end

	Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets = format_pages_sheets (Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, NoPP, use_lowercase);

	At = utilities.is_set (At) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. At) or &quot;&quot;;
	Position = utilities.is_set (Position) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Position) or &quot;&quot;;
	if config.CitationClass == 'map' then
		local Sections = A['Sections'];											-- Section (singular) is an alias of Chapter so set earlier
		local Inset = A['Inset'];
		
		if utilities.is_set ( Inset ) then
			Inset = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('inset', Inset, use_lowercase);
		end			

		if utilities.is_set ( Sections ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('sections', Sections, use_lowercase);
		elseif utilities.is_set ( Section ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('section', Section, use_lowercase);
		end
		At = At .. Inset .. Section;		
	end	

	if utilities.is_set (Language) then
		Language = language_parameter (Language);								-- format, categories, name from ISO639-1, etc.
	else
		Language=&quot;&quot;;															-- language not specified so make sure this is an empty string;
	--[[ TODO: need to extract the wrap_msg from language_parameter
	so that we can solve parentheses bunching problem with Format/Language/TitleType
	]]
	end

	Others = utilities.is_set (Others) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Others) or &quot;&quot;;
	
	if utilities.is_set (Translators) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('translated', Translators, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (Interviewers) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('interview', Interviewers, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	
	TitleNote = utilities.is_set (TitleNote) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. TitleNote) or &quot;&quot;;
	if utilities.is_set (Edition) then
		if Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%n?%.?$') or Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dition$') then -- Ed, ed, Ed., ed., Edn, edn, Edn., edn.
			table.insert( z.message_tail, { utilities.set_message ( 'err_extra_text_edition')}); -- add error
		end
		Edition = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('edition', Edition);
	else
		Edition = '';
	end

	Series = utilities.is_set (Series) and wrap_msg ('series', {sepc, Series}) or &quot;&quot;;	-- not the same as SeriesNum
	OrigDate = utilities.is_set (OrigDate) and wrap_msg ('origdate', OrigDate) or '';
	Agency = utilities.is_set (Agency) and wrap_msg ('agency', {sepc, Agency}) or &quot;&quot;;
	Volume = format_volume_issue (Volume, Issue, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, use_lowercase);

	------------------------------------ totally unrelated data
	Via = utilities.is_set (Via) and  wrap_msg ('via', Via) or '';

	if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then
		local retrv_text = &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['retrieved']

		AccessDate = nowrap_date (AccessDate);									-- wrap in nowrap span if date in appropriate format
		if (sepc ~= &quot;.&quot;) then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end				-- if mode is cs2, lower case
		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (retrv_text, AccessDate);				-- add retrieved text

		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {sepc, AccessDate});	-- allow editors to hide accessdates
	end
	
	if utilities.is_set (ID) then ID = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. ID; end
   	if &quot;thesis&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then
		ID = sepc .. &quot; Docket &quot; .. Docket .. ID;
	end
   	if &quot;report&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then		-- for cite report when |docket= is set
		ID = sepc .. ' ' .. Docket;												-- overwrite ID even if |id= is set
	end

	if utilities.is_set (URL) then
		URL = &quot; &quot; .. external_link( URL, nil, URL_origin, UrlAccess );
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Quote) or utilities.is_set (TransQuote) or utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then

		if utilities.is_set (Quote) then
			if Quote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and Quote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then			-- if first and last characters of quote are quote marks
				Quote = Quote:sub(2, -2);										-- strip them off
			end
		end

		Quote = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-text', Quote ); 	-- wrap in &lt;q&gt;...&lt;/q&gt; tags
	
		if utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then
			Quote = script_concatenate (Quote, ScriptQuote, 'script-quote'); -- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after quote is wrapped
		end

		if utilities.is_set (TransQuote) then
			if TransQuote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and TransQuote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then -- if first and last characters of |trans-quote are quote marks
				TransQuote = TransQuote:sub(2, -2); -- strip them off
			end
			Quote = Quote .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransQuote );
		end

--		if not utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page)
		if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) or utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then	 -- add page prefix
			local quote_prefix = '';
			if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePage); -- add to maint cat if |quote-page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePages); -- add to maint cat if |quote-pages= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if tonumber(QuotePages) ~= nil and not NoPP then				-- if only digits, assume single page
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				elseif not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				end
			end
                        
			Quote = quote_prefix .. &quot;: &quot; .. Quote;
		else
			Quote = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Quote;
		end

		PostScript = &quot;&quot;;														-- cs1|2 does not supply terminal punctuation when |quote= is set
	end
	
	local Archived
	if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then
		local arch_text;
		if not utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
			ArchiveDate = utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_date');
		end
		if &quot;live&quot; == UrlStatus then
			arch_text = cfg.messages['archived'];
			if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
			Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['archived-live'],
				{ external_link( ArchiveURL, arch_text, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil ) .. ArchiveFormat, ArchiveDate } );
			if not utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then
				Archived = Archived .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');							   
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then								-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead', 'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'
			if utilities.in_array (UrlStatus, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) then
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-unfit'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. arch_text .. ArchiveDate;				-- format already styled
				if 'bot: unknown' == UrlStatus then
					utilities.set_message ('maint_bot_unknown');				-- and add a category if not already added
				else
					utilities.set_message ('maint_unfit');						-- and add a category if not already added
				end
			else																-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead'
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.substitute ( arch_text,
					{ external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURL_origin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, ArchiveDate } );	-- format already styled
			end	
		else																	-- OriginalUrl not set
			arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-missing'];
			if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
			Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.substitute ( arch_text, 
				{ utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url'), ArchiveDate } );
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (ArchiveFormat) then
		Archived = ArchiveFormat;												-- if set and ArchiveURL not set ArchiveFormat has error message
	else
		Archived = &quot;&quot;
	end
	
	local Lay = '';
	if utilities.is_set (LayURL) then
		if utilities.is_set (LayDate) then LayDate = &quot; (&quot; .. LayDate .. &quot;)&quot; end
		if utilities.is_set (LaySource) then 
			LaySource = &quot; &amp;ndash; ''&quot; .. utilities.safe_for_italics (LaySource) .. &quot;''&quot;;
		else
			LaySource = &quot;&quot;;
		end
		if sepc == '.' then
			Lay = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary'], A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDate
		else
			Lay = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary']:lower(), A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDate
		end			
	elseif utilities.is_set (LayFormat) then									-- Test if |lay-format= is given without giving a |lay-url=
		Lay = sepc .. LayFormat;												-- if set and LayURL not set, then LayFormat has error message
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Transcript) then
		if utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
			Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, Transcript, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Transcript = sepc .. ' ' .. Transcript .. TranscriptFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
		Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
	end

	local Publisher;
	if utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then
		PublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', PublicationDate);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. &quot;: &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;
		else
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;  
		end			
	elseif utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then 
		Publisher= sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. PublicationDate;
	else 
		Publisher = PublicationDate;
	end
	
	-- Several of the above rely upon detecting this as nil, so do it last.
	if (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) or utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (TitleNote) then 
			Periodical = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		else 
			Periodical = format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		end
	end

	--[[
	Handle the oddity that is cite speech.  This code overrides whatever may be the value assigned to TitleNote (through |department=) and forces it to be &quot; (Speech)&quot; so that
	the annotation directly follows the |title= parameter value in the citation rather than the |event= parameter value (if provided).
	]]
	if &quot;speech&quot; == config.CitationClass then									-- cite speech only
		TitleNote = &quot; (Speech)&quot;;												-- annotate the citation
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- if Periodical, perhaps because of an included |website= or |journal= parameter 
			if utilities.is_set (Conference) then								-- and if |event= is set
				Conference = Conference .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;							-- then add appropriate punctuation to the end of the Conference variable before rendering
			end
		end
	end

	-- Piece all bits together at last.  Here, all should be non-nil.
	-- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA
	-- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.

	local tcommon;
	local tcommon2;																-- used for book cite when |contributor= is set
	
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;journal&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
		if utilities.is_set (Others) then Others = safe_join ({Others, sepc .. &quot; &quot;}, sepc) end		-- add terminal punctuation &amp; space; check for dup sepc; TODO why do we need to do this here?
		tcommon = safe_join( {Others, Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher, Agency, Volume}, sepc );
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- special cases for book cites
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- when we are citing foreword, preface, introduction, etc.
			tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote}, sepc );					-- author and other stuff will come after this and before tcommon2
			tcommon2 = safe_join( {Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );
		else
			tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );
		end

	elseif 'map' == config.CitationClass then									-- special cases for cite map
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then										-- map in a book; TitleType is part of Chapter
			tcommon = safe_join( {Title, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );
		elseif utilities.is_set (Periodical) then								-- map in a periodical
			tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Periodical, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );
		else																	-- a sheet or stand-alone map
			tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher}, sepc );
		end
		
	elseif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for cite episode
		tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher}, sepc );

	else																		-- all other CS1 templates
		tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, 
			Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );
	end
	
	if #ID_list &gt; 0 then
		ID_list = safe_join( { sepc .. &quot; &quot;,  table.concat( ID_list, sepc .. &quot; &quot; ), ID }, sepc );
	else
		ID_list = ID;
	end
	
	local idcommon;
	if 'audio-visual' == config.CitationClass or 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- special case for cite AV media &amp; cite episode position transcript
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, Transcript, AccessDate, Via, Lay, Quote }, sepc );
	else
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, AccessDate, Via, Lay, Quote }, sepc );
	end
	
	local text;
	local pgtext = Position .. Sheet .. Sheets .. Page .. Pages .. At;

	if utilities.is_set (Date) then
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) or utilities.is_set (Editors) then		-- date follows authors or editors when authors not set
			Date = &quot; (&quot; .. Date .. &quot;)&quot; .. OrigDate .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;				-- in parentheses
		else																	-- neither of authors and editors set
			if (string.sub(tcommon, -1, -1) == sepc) then						-- if the last character of tcommon is sepc
				Date = &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;									-- Date does not begin with sepc
			else
				Date = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;							-- Date begins with sepc
			end
		end
	end	
	if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
		if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then									-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Authors termination
			Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);						-- when no date, terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Editors) then
			local in_text = &quot; &quot;;
			local post_text = &quot;&quot;;
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and 0 == #c then
				in_text = in_text .. cfg.messages['in'] .. &quot; &quot;
				if (sepc ~= '.') then
					in_text = in_text:lower()									-- lowercase for cs2
				end
			end
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				post_text = &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. &quot;)&quot;;				-- be consistent with no-author, no-date case
			else
				post_text = &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. &quot;)&quot;;
			end
			Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. Editors .. post_text, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- book cite and we're citing the intro, preface, etc.
			local by_text = sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' ';
			if (sepc ~= '.') then by_text = by_text:lower() end					-- lowercase for cs2
			Authors = by_text .. Authors;										-- author follows title so tweak it here
			if utilities.is_set (Editors) and utilities.is_set (Date) then		-- when Editors make sure that Authors gets terminated
				Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);					-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then								-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Contributors termination
				Contributors = terminate_name_list (Contributors, sepc);		-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			text = safe_join( {Contributors, Date, Chapter, tcommon, Authors, Place, Editors, tcommon2, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Authors, Date, Chapter, Place, Editors, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (Editors) then
		if utilities.is_set (Date) then
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. &quot;, &quot; .. cfg.messages['editor'];
			else
				Editors = Editors .. &quot;, &quot; .. cfg.messages['editors'];
			end
		else
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			else
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			end
		end
		text = safe_join( {Editors, Date, Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
	else
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;journal&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
		end
	end
	
	if utilities.is_set (PostScript) and PostScript ~= sepc then
		text = safe_join( {text, sepc}, sepc ); 								-- Deals with italics, spaces, etc.
		text = text:sub(1, -sepc:len() - 1);
	end	
	
	text = safe_join( {text, PostScript}, sepc );

	-- Now enclose the whole thing in a &lt;cite/&gt; element
	local options = {};
	
	if utilities.is_set (config.CitationClass) and config.CitationClass ~= &quot;citation&quot; then
		options.class = string.format ('%s %s %s', 'citation', config.CitationClass, utilities.is_set (Mode) and Mode or 'cs1');	-- class=citation required for blue highlight when used with |ref=
	else
		options.class = string.format ('%s %s', 'citation', utilities.is_set (Mode) and Mode or 'cs2');
	end
	
	if utilities.is_set (Ref) and 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[Ref:lower()] then
		local id = Ref
		if ('harv' == Ref ) then
			local namelist = {};												-- holds selected contributor, author, editor name list
			local year = first_set ({Year, anchor_year}, 2);					-- Year first for legacy citations and for YMD dates that require disambiguation

			if #c &gt; 0 then														-- if there is a contributor list
				namelist = c;													-- select it
			elseif #a &gt; 0 then													-- or an author list
				namelist = a;
			elseif #e &gt; 0 then													-- or an editor list
				namelist = e;
			end
			if #namelist &gt; 0 then												-- if there are names in namelist
				id = anchor_id (namelist, year);								-- go make the CITEREF anchor
			else
				id = '';														-- unset
			end
		end
		options.id = id;
	end
	
	if string.len(text:gsub(&quot;&lt;span[^&gt;/]*&gt;(.-)&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;):gsub(&quot;%b&lt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;)) &lt;= 2 then	-- remove &lt;span&gt; tags and other HTML-like markup; then get length of what remains
		z.error_categories = {};
		text = utilities.set_message ('err_empty_citation');
		z.message_tail = {};
	end
	
	local render = {};															-- here we collect the final bits for concatenation into the rendered citation

	if utilities.is_set (options.id) then										-- here we wrap the rendered citation in &lt;cite ...&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags
		table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options.id), mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}));	-- when |ref= is set
	else
		table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}));	-- all other cases
	end		

	table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ocins'], {OCinSoutput}));	-- append metadata to the citation

	if 0 ~= #z.message_tail then
		table.insert (render, ' ');
		for i,v in ipairs( z.message_tail ) do
			if utilities.is_set (v[1]) then
				if i == #z.message_tail then
					table.insert (render, utilities.error_comment ( v[1], v[2] ));
				else
					table.insert (render, utilities.error_comment ( v[1] .. &quot;; &quot;, v[2] ));
				end
			end
		end
	end

	if 0 ~= #z.maintenance_cats then
		local maint_msgs = {};													-- here we collect all of the maint messages
		for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do								-- append maintenance categories
			local maint = {};													-- here we assemble a maintenence message
			table.insert (maint, v);											-- maint msg is the category name
			table.insert (maint, ' (');											-- open the link text
			table.insert (maint, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[':cat wikilink'], {v}));	-- add the link
			table.insert (maint, ')');											-- and close it
			table.insert (maint_msgs, table.concat (maint));					-- assemble new maint message and add it to the maint_msgs table
		end
		table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['hidden-maint'], table.concat (maint_msgs, ' ')));	-- wrap the group of maint message with proper presentation and save
	end
	
	if not no_tracking_cats then
		for _, v in ipairs( z.error_categories ) do								-- append error categories
			table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['cat wikilink'], {v}));
		end
		for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do								-- append maintenance categories
			table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['cat wikilink'], {v}));
		end
		for _, v in ipairs( z.properties_cats ) do								-- append properties categories
			table.insert (render, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['cat wikilink'], {v}));
		end
	end

	return table.concat (render);	
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Looks for a parameter's name in one of several whitelists.

Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:
	true - active, supported parameters
	false - deprecated, supported parameters
	nil - unsupported parameters
	
]]

local function validate (name, cite_class, empty)
	local name = tostring (name);
	local enum_name;															-- for enumerated parameters, is name with enumerator replaced with '#'
	local state;
	local function state_test (state, name)										-- local function to do testing of state values
		if true == state then return true; end									-- valid actively supported parameter
		if false == state then
			if empty then return nil; end										-- deprecated empty parameters are treated as unknowns
			deprecated_parameter (name);										-- parameter is deprecated but still supported
			return true;
		end
		return nil;
	end		

	if name:find ('#') then														-- # is a cs1|2 reserved character so parameters with # not permitted
		return nil;
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.preprint_template_list ) then	-- limited parameter sets allowed for these templates
		state = whitelist.limited_basic_arguments[name];
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		state = whitelist.preprint_arguments[cite_class][name];					-- look in the parameter-list for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

																				-- limited enumerated parameters list
		enum_name = name:gsub(&quot;%d+&quot;, &quot;#&quot; );										-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#) (mw.ustring because non-Western 'local' digits)
		state = whitelist.limited_numbered_arguments[enum_name];
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		return false;															-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
	end																			-- end limited parameter-set templates

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.unique_param_template_list) then 	-- experiment for template-specific parameters for templates that accept parameters from the basic argument list
		state = whitelist.unique_arguments[cite_class][name];					-- look in the template-specific parameter-lists for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end
	end																			-- if here, fall into general validation
		
	state = whitelist.basic_arguments[name];									-- all other templates; all normal parameters allowed
	if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

																				-- all enumerated parameters allowed
	enum_name = name:gsub(&quot;%d+&quot;, &quot;#&quot; );											-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#) (mw.ustring because non-Western 'local' digits)
	state = whitelist.numbered_arguments[enum_name];
	if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

	return false;																-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I N T E R _ W I K I _ C H E C K &gt;----------------------------------------------

check &lt;value&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link markup.  &lt;prefix&gt; must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code.  when these values have the form (without leading colon):
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link|label]] return label as plain-text
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link]] return &lt;prefix&gt;:link as plain-text

return value as is else

]=]

local function inter_wiki_check (parameter, value)
	local prefix = value:match ('%[%[(%a+):');									-- get an interwiki prefix if one exists
	local _;
	
	if prefix and cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix:lower()] then						-- if prefix is in the map, needs preceding colon so
		table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', parameter)});	-- emit an error message
		_, value, _ = utilities.is_wikilink (value);							-- extract label portion from wikilink
	end
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------

Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equal
sign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters.  If found, then the string is possibly a
parameter that is missing its pipe.  There are two tests made:
	{{cite ... |title=Title access-date=2016-03-17}}	-- the first parameter has a value and whitespace separates that value from the missing pipe parameter name
	{{cite ... |title=access-date=2016-03-17}}			-- the first parameter has no value (whitespace after the first = is trimmed by MediaWiki)
cs1|2 shares some parameter names with XML/HTML attributes: class=, title=, etc.  To prevent false positives XML/HTML
tags are removed before the search.

If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category.

]]

local function missing_pipe_check (parameter, value)
	local capture;
	value = value:gsub ('%b&lt;&gt;', '');											-- remove XML/HTML tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc.

	capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=');	-- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipes
	if capture and validate (capture) then										-- if the capture is a valid parameter name
		table.insert( z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_missing_pipe', parameter)});
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ E X T R A N E O U S _ P U N C T &gt;--------------------------------------

look for extraneous terminal punctuation in most parameter values; parameters listed in skip table are not checked

]]

local function has_extraneous_punc (param, value)
	if 'number' == type (param) then
		return;
	end
	
	param = param:gsub ('%d+', '#');											-- enumerated name-list mask params allow terminal punct; normalize 
	if cfg.punct_skip[param] then
		return;																	-- parameter name found in the skip table so done
	end
	
	if value:match ('[,;:]$') then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_punct');							-- has extraneous punctuation; add maint cat
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

This is used by templates such as {{cite book}} to create the actual citation text.

]]

local function citation(frame)
	Frame = frame;																-- save a copy in case we need to display an error message in preview mode
	local pframe = frame:getParent()
	local styles;
	
	if nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then			-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?
		cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration/sandbox');		-- load sandbox versions of support modules
		whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist/sandbox');
		utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox');
		validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/sandbox');
		identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers/sandbox');
		metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS/sandbox');
		styles = 'Module:Citation/CS1/sandbox/styles.css';
		
	else																		-- otherwise
		cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration');				-- load live versions of support modules
		whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist');
		utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities');
		validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation');
		identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers');
		metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS');
		styles = 'Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css';
	end

	utilities.set_selected_modules (cfg);										-- so that functions in Utilities can see the selected cfg tables
	identifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Identifiers can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module
	validation.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Date validataion can see selected cfg tables and the selected Utilities module
	metadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);								-- so that functions in COinS can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module

	z = utilities.z;															-- table of error and category tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

	local args = {};															-- table where we store all of the template's arguments
	local suggestions = {};														-- table where we store suggestions if we need to loadData them
	local error_text, error_state;

	local config = {};															-- table to store parameters from the module {{#invoke:}}
	for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) do											-- get parameters from the {{#invoke}} frame
		config[k] = v;
	--	args[k] = v;															-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}}; skips parameter validation; TODO: keep?
	end	

	local capture;																-- the single supported capture when matching unknown parameters using patterns
	local empty_unknowns = {};													-- sequence table to hold empty unknown params for error message listing
	for k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) do											-- get parameters from the parent (template) frame
		v = mw.ustring.gsub (v, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1');							-- trim leading/trailing whitespace; when v is only whitespace, becomes empty string
		if v ~= '' then
			if ('string' == type (k)) then
				k = mw.ustring.gsub (k, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);		-- for enumerated parameters, translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9
			end
			if not validate( k, config.CitationClass ) then			
				error_text = &quot;&quot;;
				if type( k ) ~= 'string' then
					-- exclude empty numbered parameters
					if v:match(&quot;%S+&quot;) ~= nil then
						error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ( 'err_text_ignored', {v}, true );
					end
				elseif validate( k:lower(), config.CitationClass ) then 
					error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ( 'err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()}, true );	-- suggest the lowercase version of the parameter
				else
					if nil == suggestions.suggestions then						-- if this table is nil then we need to load it
						if nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then			-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?
							suggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions/sandbox' );	-- use the sandbox version
						else
							suggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' );			-- use the live version
						end
					end
					for pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do		-- loop through the patterns to see if we can suggest a proper parameter
						capture = k:match (pattern);							-- the whole match if no capture in pattern else the capture if a match
						if capture then											-- if the pattern matches 
							param = utilities.substitute (param, capture);		-- add the capture to the suggested parameter (typically the enumerator)
							if validate (param, config.CitationClass) then		-- validate the suggestion to make sure that the suggestion is supported by this template (necessary for limited parameter lists)
								error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param}, true);	-- set the suggestion error message
							else
								error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ( 'err_parameter_ignored', {param}, true );	-- suggested param not supported by this template
								v = '';											-- unset
							end
						end
					end
					if not utilities.is_set (error_text) then					-- couldn't match with a pattern, is there an explicit suggestion?
						if suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil then
							error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ( 'err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]}, true );
						else
							error_text, error_state = utilities.set_message ( 'err_parameter_ignored', {k}, true );
							v = '';												-- unset value assigned to unrecognized parameters (this for the limited parameter lists)
						end
					end
				end				  
				if error_text ~= '' then
					table.insert( z.message_tail, {error_text, error_state} );
				end				
			end

			args[k] = v;														-- save this parameter and its value

		elseif not utilities.is_set (v) then									-- for empty parameters
			if not validate (k, config.CitationClass, true) then				-- is this empty parameter a valid parameter
				k = ('' == k) and '(empty string)' or k;						-- when k is empty string (or was space(s) trimmed to empty string), replace with descriptive text
				table.insert (empty_unknowns, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', k));	-- format for error message and add to the list
			end
																				-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}} TODO: keep?
	--	elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') then						-- when args[k] has a value from {{#invoke}} frame (we don't normally do that)
	--		args[k] = v;														-- overwrite args[k] with empty string from pframe.args[k] (template frame); v is empty string here
		end																		-- not sure about the postscript bit; that gets handled in parameter validation; historical artifact?
	end	

	if 0 ~= #empty_unknowns then												-- create empty unknown error message
		table.insert (z.message_tail, {utilities.set_message ('err_param_unknown_empty', {
			1 == #empty_unknowns and '' or 's',
			utilities.make_sep_list (#empty_unknowns, empty_unknowns)
			}, true )});
	end

	for k, v in pairs( args ) do
		if 'string' == type (k) then											-- don't evaluate positional parameters
			has_invisible_chars (k, v);											-- look for invisible characters
		end
		has_extraneous_punc (k, v);												-- look for extraneous terminal punctuation in parameter values
		missing_pipe_check (k, v);												-- do we think that there is a parameter that is missing a pipe?
		args[k] = inter_wiki_check (k, v);										-- when language interwiki-linked parameter missing leading colon replace with wiki-link label
	end

	return table.concat ({
		frame:extensionTag ('templatestyles', '', {src=styles}),
		citation0( config, args)
	});
end

--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {citation = citation};</text>
      <sha1>mrol5zdo98hyrm4oo4fptd61rlfao1c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3221</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8971</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-04T17:38:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' --[[--------------------------&lt; U N C A T E G O R I Z E D _ N A M E S P A C E S &gt;------------------------------  List of namespaces that should not be included in c...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="82085" xml:space="preserve">
--[[--------------------------&lt; U N C A T E G O R I Z E D _ N A M E S P A C E S &gt;------------------------------

List of namespaces that should not be included in citation error categories.
Same as setting notracking = true by default.

Note: Namespace names should use underscores instead of spaces.

]]

local uncategorized_namespaces = { 'User', 'Talk', 'User_talk', 'Wikipedia_talk',
	'File_talk', 'Template_talk', 'Help_talk', 'Category_talk', 'Portal_talk',
	'Book_talk', 'Draft_talk', 'Education_Program_talk', 'Module_talk', 'MediaWiki_talk' };
local uncategorized_subpages = {'/[Ss]andbox', '/[Tt]estcases', '/[^/]*[Ll]og', '/[Aa]rchive'};		-- list of Lua patterns found in page names of pages we should not categorize


--[[--------------------------&lt; M E S S A G E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Translation table

The following contains fixed text that may be output as part of a citation.
This is separated from the main body to aid in future translations of this
module.

]]

local messages = {
	['agency'] = '$1 $2',														-- $1 is sepc, $2 is agency
	['archived-dead'] = 'Archived from $1 on $2',
	['archived-live'] = '$1 from the original on $2',
	['archived-missing'] = 'Archived from the original$1 on $2',
	['archived-unfit'] = 'Archived from the original on ',
	['archived'] = 'Archived',
	['by'] = 'By',																-- contributions to authored works: introduction, foreword, afterword
	['cartography'] = 'Cartography by $1',
	['editor'] = 'ed.',
	['editors'] = 'eds.',
	['edition'] = '($1&amp;nbsp;ed.)',
	['episode'] = 'Episode $1',
	['et al'] = 'et&amp;nbsp;al.',
	['in'] = 'In',																-- edited works
	['inactive'] = 'inactive',
	['inset'] = '$1 inset',
	['interview'] = 'Interviewed by $1',										
	['lay summary'] = 'Lay summary',
	['newsgroup'] = '[[Usenet newsgroup|Newsgroup]]:&amp;nbsp;$1',
--	['nodate'] = 'n.d.', -- in the future for |date=none|n.d.|nd
	['notitle'] = 'No title', -- for |title=(()) and (in the future) |title=none
	['original'] = 'the original',
	['origdate'] = ' [$1]',
	['published'] = ' (published $1)',
	['retrieved'] = 'Retrieved $1',
	['season'] = 'Season $1',
	['section'] = '§&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['sections'] = '§§&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['series'] = '$1 $2',														-- $1 is sepc, $2 is series
	['seriesnum'] = 'Series $1',
	['translated'] = 'Translated by $1',
	['type'] = ' ($1)',															-- for titletype
	['written'] = 'Written at $1',

	['vol'] = '$1 Vol.&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc; bold journal style volume is in presentation{}
	['vol-no'] = '$1 Vol.&amp;nbsp;$2 no.&amp;nbsp;$3',									-- sepc, volume, issue
	['issue'] = '$1 No.&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc

	['j-vol'] = '$1 $2',														-- sepc, volume; bold journal volume is in presentation{}
	['j-issue'] = ' ($1)',

	['nopp'] = '$1 $2';															-- page(s) without prefix; $1 is sepc

	['p-prefix'] = &quot;$1 p.&amp;nbsp;$2&quot;,												-- $1 is sepc
	['pp-prefix'] = &quot;$1 pp.&amp;nbsp;$2&quot;,											-- $1 is sepc
	['j-page(s)'] = ': $1',														-- same for page and pages

	['sheet'] = '$1 Sheet&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc
	['sheets'] = '$1 Sheets&amp;nbsp;$2',											-- $1 is sepc
	['j-sheet'] = ': Sheet&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['j-sheets'] = ': Sheets&amp;nbsp;$1',
	
	['language'] = '(in $1)',
	['via'] = &quot; &amp;ndash; via $1&quot;,
	['event'] = 'Event occurs at',
	['minutes'] = 'minutes in',
	
	-- Determines the location of the help page
	['help page link'] = 'Help:CS1 errors',
	['help page label'] = 'help',
	
	-- categories
	['cat wikilink'] = '[[Category:$1]]',										-- $1 is the category name
	[':cat wikilink'] = '[[:Category:$1|link]]',								-- category name as maintenance message wikilink; $1 is the category name

	-- Internal errors (should only occur if configuration is bad)
	['undefined_error'] = 'Called with an undefined error condition',
	['unknown_ID_key'] = 'Unrecognized ID key',									-- an ID key in id_handlers not found in ~/Identifiers func_map{}
	['unknown_argument_map'] = 'Argument map not defined for this variable',
	['bare_url_no_origin'] = 'Bare URL found but origin indicator is nil or empty',
	}


--[=[-------------------------&lt; E T _ A L _ P A T T E R N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------

This table provides Lua patterns for the phrase &quot;et al&quot; and variants in name text
(author, editor, etc.). The main module uses these to identify and emit the 'etal' message.

]=]

local et_al_patterns = {
	&quot;[;,]? *[\&quot;']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll][%.\&quot;']*$&quot;,						-- variations on the 'et al' theme
	&quot;[;,]? *[\&quot;']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll][Ii][AaIi][Ee]?[%.\&quot;']*$&quot;,				-- variations on the 'et alia', 'et alii' and 'et aliae' themes (false positive 'et aliie' unlikely to match)
	&quot;[;,]? *%f[%a]and [Oo]thers&quot;,												-- an alternative to et al.
	&quot;%[%[ *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *%]%]&quot;,										-- a wikilinked form
	&quot;%(%( *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *%)%)&quot;,									-- a double-bracketed form (to counter partial removal of ((...)) syntax)
	&quot;[%(%[] *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *[%)%]]&quot;,									-- a bracketed form
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E D I T O R _ M A R K U P _ P A T T E R N S &gt;----------------------------------

This table provides Lua patterns for the phrase &quot;ed&quot; and variants in name text
(author, editor, etc.). The main module uses these to identify and emit the
'extra_text_names' message. (It is not the only series of patterns for this message.)

]]
local editor_markup_patterns = {												-- these patterns match annotations at end of name
	'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',								-- (ed) or (eds): leading '(', case insensitive 'ed', optional 's', '.' and/or ')'
	'[,%.%s]%f[e]eds?%.?$',														-- ed or eds: without '('or ')'; case sensitive (ED could be initials Ed could be name)
	'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',				-- (editor) or (editors): leading '(', case insensitive, optional '.' and/or ')'
	'[,%.%s]%f[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?$',								-- editor or editors: without '('or ')'; case insensitive
		
																				-- these patterns match annotations at beginning of name
	'^eds?[%.,;]',																-- ed. or eds.: lower case only, optional 's', requires '.'
	'^[%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]',										-- (ed) or (eds): also sqare brackets, case insensitive, optional 's', '.'
	'^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%A',								-- (editor or (editors: also square brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets, 's'
	'^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Ee][Dd]%A',									-- (edited: also square brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets

																				-- these patterns match annotations that are the 'name'	
	'^[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?$',										-- editor or editors; case insensitive
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P R E S E N T A T I O N &gt;------------------------

Fixed presentation markup.  Originally part of citation_config.messages it has
been moved into its own, more semantically correct place.

]]

local presentation = 
	{
	-- Error output
	-- .error class is specified at https://git.wikimedia.org/blob/mediawiki%2Fcore.git/9553bd02a5595da05c184f7521721fb1b79b3935/skins%2Fcommon%2Fshared.css#L538
	-- .citation-comment class is specified at Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display
	['hidden-error'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	['visible-error'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error error citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	['hidden-maint'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-maint citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	
	['accessdate'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;$1$2&lt;/span&gt;',			-- to allow editors to hide accessdate using personal CSS

	['bdi'] = '&lt;bdi$1&gt;$2&lt;/bdi&gt;',												-- bidirectional isolation used with |script-title= and the like

	['cite'] = '&lt;cite class=&quot;$1&quot;&gt;$2&lt;/cite&gt;';									-- |ref= not set so no id=&quot;...&quot; attribute
	['cite-id'] = '&lt;cite id=&quot;$1&quot; class=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/cite&gt;';							-- for use when |ref= is set

	['format'] = ' &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;($1)&lt;/span&gt;',						-- for |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.

	-- various access levels, for |access=, |doi-access=, |arxiv=, ...
	-- narrow no-break space &amp;#8239; may work better than nowrap CSS. Or not? Browser support?

	['ext-link-access-signal'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;$1&quot; title=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/span&gt;',		-- external link with appropriate lock icon
		['free'] = {class='cs1-lock-free', title='Freely accessible'},			-- classes defined in Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css
		['registration'] = {class='cs1-lock-registration', title='Free registration required'},
		['limited'] = {class='cs1-lock-limited', title='Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required'},
		['subscription'] = {class='cs1-lock-subscription', title='Paid subscription required'},

	['interwiki-icon'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;$1&quot; title=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/span&gt;',
		['class-wikisource'] = 'cs1-ws-icon',

	['italic-title'] = &quot;''$1''&quot;,

	['kern-left'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-left&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;$2',					-- spacing to use when title contains leading single or double quote mark
	['kern-right'] = '$1&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-right&quot;&gt;$2&lt;/span&gt;',				-- spacing to use when title contains trailing single or double quote mark

																				-- these for simple wikilinked titles [[&quot;text]], [[text&quot;]] and [[&quot;text&quot;]]
																				-- span wraps entire wikilink
	['kern-wl-left'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-wl-left&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',				-- when title contains leading single or double quote mark
	['kern-wl-right'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-wl-left&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',				-- when title contains trailing single or double quote mark
	['kern-wl-both'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-wl-left cs1-kern-wl-right&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',	-- when title contains leading and trailing single or double quote marks

	['nowrap1'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',								-- for nowrapping an item: &lt;span ...&gt;yyyy-mm-dd&lt;/span&gt;
	['nowrap2'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt; $2',							-- for nowrapping portions of an item: &lt;span ...&gt;dd mmmm&lt;/span&gt; yyyy (note white space)

	['ocins'] = '&lt;span title=&quot;$1&quot; class=&quot;Z3988&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;',
	
	['parameter'] = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',
 
	['ps_cs1'] = '.';															-- CS1 style postscript (terminal) character
	['ps_cs2'] = '';															-- CS2 style postscript (terminal) character (empty string)

	['quoted-text'] = '&lt;q&gt;$1&lt;/q&gt;',												-- for wrapping |quote= content
	['quoted-title'] = '&quot;$1&quot;',

	['sep_cs1'] = '.',															-- CS1 element separator
	['sep_cs2'] = ',',															-- CS2 separator
	['sep_nl'] = ';',															-- CS1|2 style name-list separator between names is a semicolon
	['sep_nl_and'] = ' and ',													-- used as last nl sep when |name-list-style=and and list has 2 items
	['sep_nl_end'] = '; and ',													-- used as last nl sep when |name-list-style=and and list has 3+ names
	['sep_name'] = ', ',														-- CS1|2 style last/first separator is &lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;
	['sep_nl_vanc'] = ',',														-- Vancouver style name-list separator between authors is a comma
	['sep_name_vanc'] = ' ',													-- Vancouver style last/first separator is a space

	['sep_list'] = ', ',														-- used for |language= when list has 3+ items except for last sep which uses sep_list_end
	['sep_list_pair'] = ' and ',												-- used for |language= when list has 2 items
	['sep_list_end'] = ', and ',												-- used as last list sep for |language= when list has 3+ items
	
	['trans-italic-title'] = &quot;&amp;#91;''$1''&amp;#93;&quot;,
	['trans-quoted-title'] = &quot;&amp;#91;$1&amp;#93;&quot;,									-- for |trans-title= and |trans-quote=
	['vol-bold'] = '$1 &lt;b&gt;$2&lt;/b&gt;',												-- sepc, volume; for bold journal cites; for other cites ['vol'] in messages{}
	}

	
--[[--------------------------&lt; A L I A S E S &gt;---------------------------------

Aliases table for commonly passed parameters.

Parameter names on the right side in the assignments in this table must have been
defined in the Whitelist before they will be recognized as valid parameter names

]]

local aliases = {
	['AccessDate'] = {'access-date', 'accessdate'},								-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Agency'] = 'agency',
	['ArchiveDate'] = {'archive-date', 'archivedate'},							-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ArchiveFormat'] = 'archive-format',
	['ArchiveURL'] = {'archive-url', 'archiveurl'},								-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ASINTLD'] = 'asin-tld',
	['At'] = 'at',																-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Authors'] = {'authors', 'people', 'credits'},
	['BookTitle'] = {'book-title', 'booktitle'},
	['Cartography'] = 'cartography',
	['Chapter'] = {'chapter', 'contribution', 'entry', 'article', 'section'},
	['ChapterFormat'] = {'chapter-format', 'contribution-format', 'entry-format',
		'article-format', 'section-format'};
	['ChapterURL'] = {'chapter-url', 'contribution-url', 'entry-url', 'article-url',
		'section-url', 'chapterurl', 'contributionurl', 'sectionurl'},			-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ChapterUrlAccess'] = {'chapter-url-access', 'contribution-url-access',
		'entry-url-access', 'article-url-access', 'section-url-access'},		-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Class'] = 'class',														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers
	['Collaboration'] = 'collaboration',
	['Conference'] = {'conference', 'event'},
	['ConferenceFormat'] = 'conference-format',
	['ConferenceURL'] = {'conference-url', 'conferenceurl'},					-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Date'] = {'date', 'air-date', 'airdate'},									-- air-date and airdate for cite episode and cite serial only
	['Degree'] = 'degree',
	['DF'] = 'df',
	['DisplayAuthors'] = {'display-authors', 'display-subjects'},
	['DisplayContributors'] = 'display-contributors',
	['DisplayEditors'] = 'display-editors',
	['DisplayInterviewers'] = 'display-interviewers',
	['DisplayTranslators'] = 'display-translators',
	['Docket'] = 'docket',
	['DoiBroken'] = 'doi-broken-date',
	['Edition'] = 'edition',
	['Embargo'] = 'pmc-embargo-date',
	['Encyclopedia'] = {'encyclopedia', 'encyclopaedia', 'dictionary'},			-- cite encyclopedia only
	['Episode'] = 'episode',													-- cite serial only TODO: make available to cite episode?
	['Format'] = 'format',
	['ID'] = {'id', 'ID'},
	['Inset'] = 'inset',
	['Issue'] = {'issue', 'number'},
	['Language'] = {'language', 'lang'},
	['LayDate'] = {'lay-date', 'laydate'},
	['LayFormat'] = 'lay-format',
	['LaySource'] = {'lay-source', 'laysource'},
	['LayURL'] = {'lay-url', 'layurl'},											-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['MailingList'] = {'mailing-list', 'mailinglist'},							-- cite mailing list only
	['Map'] = 'map',															-- cite map only
	['MapFormat'] = 'map-format',												-- cite map only
	['MapURL'] = {'map-url', 'mapurl'},											-- cite map only -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['MapUrlAccess'] = 'map-url-access',										-- cite map only -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Minutes'] = 'minutes',
	['Mode'] = 'mode',
	['NameListStyle'] = {'name-list-style', 'name-list-format'},
	['Network'] = 'network',
	['Newsgroup'] = 'newsgroup',												-- cite newsgroup only
	['NoPP'] = {'no-pp', 'nopp'},
	['NoTracking'] = {'no-tracking', 'template-doc-demo'},
	['Number'] = 'number',														-- this case only for cite techreport
	['OrigDate'] = {'orig-date', 'orig-year', 'origyear'},
	['Others'] = 'others',
	['Page'] = {'page', 'p'},													-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Pages'] = {'pages', 'pp'},												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Periodical'] = {'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'website', 'work'},
	['Place'] = {'place', 'location'},
	['PostScript'] = 'postscript',
	['PublicationDate'] = {'publication-date', 'publicationdate'},
	['PublicationPlace'] = {'publication-place', 'publicationplace'},
	['PublisherName'] = {'publisher', 'institution'},
	['Quote'] = {'quote', 'quotation'},
	['QuotePage'] = 'quote-page',
	['QuotePages'] = 'quote-pages',
	['Ref'] = 'ref',
	['Scale'] = 'scale',
	['ScriptChapter'] = {'script-chapter', 'script-contribution', 'script-entry',
		'script-article', 'script-section'},
	['ScriptMap'] = 'script-map',
	['ScriptPeriodical'] = {'script-journal', 'script-magazine', 'script-newspaper',
		'script-periodical', 'script-website', 'script-work'},
	['ScriptQuote'] = 'script-quote',
	['ScriptTitle'] = 'script-title',											-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Season'] = 'season',
	['Sections'] = 'sections',													-- cite map only
	['Series'] = {'series', 'version'},
	['SeriesLink'] = {'series-link', 'serieslink'},
	['SeriesNumber'] = {'series-number', 'series-no', 'seriesno'},
	['Sheet'] = 'sheet',														-- cite map only
	['Sheets'] = 'sheets',														-- cite map only
	['Station'] = 'station',
	['Time'] = 'time',
	['TimeCaption'] = {'time-caption', 'timecaption'},
	['Title'] = 'title',														-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TitleLink'] = {'title-link', 'episode-link', 'titlelink', 'episodelink'},	-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TitleNote'] = 'department',
	['TitleType'] = {'type', 'medium'},
	['TransChapter'] = {'trans-article', 'trans-chapter', 'trans-contribution',
		'trans-entry', 'trans-section'},
	['Transcript'] = 'transcript',
	['TranscriptFormat'] = 'transcript-format',	
	['TranscriptURL'] = {'transcript-url', 'transcripturl'},					-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TransMap'] = 'trans-map',													-- cite map only
	['TransPeriodical'] = {'trans-journal', 'trans-magazine', 'trans-newspaper',
		'trans-periodical', 'trans-website', 'trans-work'},
	['TransQuote'] = 'trans-quote',
	['TransTitle'] = 'trans-title',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['URL'] = {'url', 'URL'},													-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['UrlAccess'] = 'url-access',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['UrlStatus'] = 'url-status',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Vauthors'] = 'vauthors',
	['Veditors'] = 'veditors',
	['Via'] = 'via',
	['Volume'] = 'volume',
	['Year'] = 'year',

	['AuthorList-First'] = {&quot;first#&quot;, &quot;author-first#&quot;, &quot;author#-first&quot;, &quot;given#&quot;,
		&quot;author-given#&quot;, &quot;author#-given&quot;},
	['AuthorList-Last'] = {&quot;last#&quot;, &quot;author-last#&quot;, &quot;author#-last&quot;, &quot;surname#&quot;,
		&quot;author-surname#&quot;, &quot;author#-surname&quot;, &quot;author#&quot;, &quot;subject#&quot;, 'host#'},
	['AuthorList-Link'] = {&quot;author-link#&quot;, &quot;author#-link&quot;, &quot;subject-link#&quot;,
		&quot;subject#-link&quot;, &quot;authorlink#&quot;, &quot;author#link&quot;},
	['AuthorList-Mask'] = {&quot;author-mask#&quot;, &quot;author#-mask&quot;, &quot;subject-mask#&quot;, &quot;subject#-mask&quot;},

	['ContributorList-First'] = {'contributor-first#', 'contributor#-first',
		'contributor-given#', 'contributor#-given'},
	['ContributorList-Last'] = {'contributor-last#', 'contributor#-last',
		'contributor-surname#', 'contributor#-surname', 'contributor#'},
	['ContributorList-Link'] = {'contributor-link#', 'contributor#-link'},
	['ContributorList-Mask'] = {'contributor-mask#', 'contributor#-mask'},

	['EditorList-First'] = {&quot;editor-first#&quot;, &quot;editor#-first&quot;, &quot;editor-given#&quot;, &quot;editor#-given&quot;},
	['EditorList-Last'] = {&quot;editor-last#&quot;, &quot;editor#-last&quot;, &quot;editor-surname#&quot;,
		&quot;editor#-surname&quot;, &quot;editor#&quot;},
	['EditorList-Link'] = {&quot;editor-link#&quot;, &quot;editor#-link&quot;},
	['EditorList-Mask'] = {&quot;editor-mask#&quot;, &quot;editor#-mask&quot;},
	
	['InterviewerList-First'] = {'interviewer-first#', 'interviewer#-first',
		'interviewer-given#', 'interviewer#-given'},
	['InterviewerList-Last'] = {'interviewer-last#', 'interviewer#-last',
		'interviewer-surname#', 'interviewer#-surname', 'interviewer#'},
	['InterviewerList-Link'] = {'interviewer-link#', 'interviewer#-link'},
	['InterviewerList-Mask'] = {'interviewer-mask#', 'interviewer#-mask'},

	['TranslatorList-First'] = {'translator-first#', 'translator#-first',
		'translator-given#', 'translator#-given'},
	['TranslatorList-Last'] = {'translator-last#', 'translator#-last',
		'translator-surname#', 'translator#-surname', 'translator#'},
	['TranslatorList-Link'] = {'translator-link#', 'translator#-link'},
	['TranslatorList-Mask'] = {'translator-mask#', 'translator#-mask'},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P U N C T _ S K I P &gt;---------------------------

builds a table of parameter names that the extraneous terminal punctuation check should not check.

]]

local punct_skip = {};

local meta_params = {															-- table of aliases[] keys (meta parameters); each key has a table of parameter names for a value
	'BookTitle', 'Chapter', 'ScriptChapter', 'ScriptTitle', 'Title', 'TransChapter', 'Transcript', 'TransMap',	'TransTitle',	-- title-holding parameters
	'AuthorList-Mask', 'ContributorList-Mask', 'EditorList-Mask', 'InterviewerList-Mask', 'TranslatorList-Mask',	-- name-list mask may have name separators
	'PostScript', 'Quote', 'ScriptQuote', 'TransQuote', 'Ref',																		-- miscellaneous
	'ArchiveURL', 'ChapterURL', 'ConferenceURL', 'LayURL', 'MapURL', 'TranscriptURL', 'URL',			-- URL-holding parameters
	}

	for _, meta_param in ipairs (meta_params) do								-- for each meta parameter key
		local params = aliases[meta_param];										-- get the parameter or the table of parameters associated with the meta parameter name
		if 'string' == type (params) then
			punct_skip[params] = 1;												-- just a single parameter
		else
			for _, param in ipairs (params) do									-- get the parameter name
				punct_skip[param] = 1;											-- add the parameter name to the skip table
				local count;
				param, count = param:gsub ('#', '');							-- remove enumerator marker from enumerated parameters
				if 0 ~= count then												-- if removed
					punct_skip[param] = 1;										-- add param name without enumerator marker
				end
			end
		end
	end

--[[-----------&lt; S P E C I A L   C A S E   T R A N S L A T I O N S &gt;------------

This table is primarily here to support internationalization.  Translations in
this table are used, for example, when an error message, category name, etc.,
is extracted from the English alias key.  There may be other cases where
this translation table may be useful.

]]

local special_case_translation = {
	['AuthorList'] = 'authors list',											-- used to assemble maintenance category names
	['ContributorList'] = 'contributors list',									-- translation of these names plus translation of the base mainenance category names in maint_cats{} table below
	['EditorList'] = 'editors list',											-- must match the names of the actual categories
	['InterviewerList'] = 'interviewers list',									-- this group or translations used by name_has_ed_markup() and name_has_mult_names()
	['TranslatorList'] = 'translators list',
	
	['authors'] = 'authors',													-- used to assemble maintenance category names
	['contributors'] = 'contributors',											-- translation of these names plus translation of the base maintenance category names in maint_cats{} table below
	['editors'] = 'editors',													-- must match the names of the actual categories
	['interviewers'] = 'interviewers',											-- this group of translations used by get_display_names()
	['translators'] = 'translators',

																				-- Lua patterns to match pseudo-titles used by Internet Archive bot and others as placeholder for unknown |title= value
	['archived_copy'] = {														-- used with CS1 maint: Archive[d] copy as title
		['en'] = '^archived?%s+copy$',											-- for English; translators: keep this because templates imported from en.wiki
		['local'] = nil,														-- translators: replace ['local'] = nil with lowercase translation only when bots or tools create generic titles in your language
		},

																				-- Lua patterns to match generic titles; usually created by bots of reference filling tools
																				-- translators: replace ['local'] = nil with lowercase translation only when bots or tools create generic titles in your language
	['generic_titles'] = {
		-- patterns in this table should be lowercase only
		-- leave ['local'] nil except when there is a matching generic title in your language
		{['en'] = {'^wayback%s+machine$', false},			['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'are you a robot', true},				['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'hugedomains.com', true},				['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'^[%(%[{&lt;]?no +title[&gt;}%]%)]?$', false},	['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'page not found', true},					['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'subscribe to read', true},				['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'^[%(%[{&lt;]?unknown[&gt;}%]%)]?$', false},	['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'website is for sale', true},			['local'] = nil},
		{['en'] = {'^404', true},							['local'] = nil},
		}
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E _ N A M E S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

This table of tables lists local language date names and fallback English date names.
The code in Date_validation will look first in the local table for valid date names.
If date names are not found in the local table, the code will look in the English table.

Because citations can be copied to the local wiki from en.wiki, the English is
required when the date-name translation function date_name_xlate() is used.

In these tables, season numbering is defined by
Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) Specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'. The standard
defines various divisions using numbers 21-41. CS1|2 only supports generic seasons.
EDTF does support the distinction between north and south hemispere seasons
but CS1|2 has no way to make that distinction.

33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)

The standard does not address 'named' dates so, for the purposes of CS1|2,
Easter and Christmas are defined here as 98 and 99, which should be out of the
ISO 8601 (EDTF) range of uses for a while.

]]

local date_names = {
	['en'] = {																	-- English
		['long']	= {['January'] = 1, ['February'] = 2, ['March'] = 3, ['April'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['June'] = 6, ['July'] = 7, ['August'] = 8, ['September'] = 9, ['October'] = 10, ['November'] = 11, ['December'] = 12},
		['short']	= {['Jan'] = 1, ['Feb'] = 2, ['Mar'] = 3, ['Apr'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['Jun'] = 6, ['Jul'] = 7, ['Aug'] = 8, ['Sep'] = 9, ['Oct'] = 10, ['Nov'] = 11, ['Dec'] = 12},
		['quarter'] = {['First Quarter'] = 33, ['Second Quarter'] = 34, ['Third Quarter'] = 35, ['Fourth Quarter'] = 36},
		['season']	= {['Winter'] = 24, ['Spring'] = 21, ['Summer'] = 22, ['Fall'] = 23, ['Autumn'] = 23},
		['named']	= {['Easter'] = 98, ['Christmas'] = 99},
		},
	['local'] = {																-- replace these English date names with the local language equivalents
		['long']	= {['January'] = 1, ['February'] = 2, ['March'] = 3, ['April'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['June'] = 6, ['July'] = 7, ['August'] = 8, ['September'] = 9, ['October'] = 10, ['November'] = 11, ['December'] = 12},
		['short']	= {['Jan'] = 1, ['Feb'] = 2, ['Mar'] = 3, ['Apr'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['Jun'] = 6, ['Jul'] = 7, ['Aug'] = 8, ['Sep'] = 9, ['Oct'] = 10, ['Nov'] = 11, ['Dec'] = 12},
		['quarter'] = {['First Quarter'] = 33, ['Second Quarter'] = 34, ['Third Quarter'] = 35, ['Fourth Quarter'] = 36},
		['season']	= {['Winter'] = 24, ['Spring'] = 21, ['Summer'] = 22, ['Fall'] = 23, ['Autumn'] = 23},
		['named']	= {['Easter'] = 98, ['Christmas'] = 99},
		},
	['inv_local_l'] = {},														-- used in date reformatting; copy of date_names['local'].long where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['inv_local_s'] = {},														-- used in date reformatting; copy of date_names['local'].short where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['local_digits'] = {['0'] = '0', ['1'] = '1', ['2'] = '2', ['3'] = '3', ['4'] = '4', ['5'] = '5', ['6'] = '6', ['7'] = '7', ['8'] = '8', ['9'] = '9'},	-- used to convert local language digits to Western 0-9
	['xlate_digits'] = {},
	}

for name, i in pairs (date_names['local'].long) do								-- this table is ['name'] = i
	date_names['inv_local_l'][i] = name;										-- invert to get [i] = 'name' for conversions from ymd
end

for name, i in pairs (date_names['local'].short) do								-- this table is ['name'] = i
	date_names['inv_local_s'][i] = name;										-- invert to get [i] = 'name' for conversions from ymd
end

for ld, ed in pairs (date_names.local_digits) do								-- make a digit translation table for simple date translation from en to local language using local_digits table
	date_names.xlate_digits [ed] = ld;											-- en digit becomes index with local digit as the value
end

local df_template_patterns = {													-- table of redirects to {{Use dmy dates}} and {{Use mdy dates}}
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(dmy) +dates *[|}]',	-- 1159k								-- sorted by approximate transclusion count
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(mdy) +dates *[|}]',	-- 212k
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(MDY) +dates *[|}]',	-- 788
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(DMY) +dates *[|}]',	-- 343
	'{{ *([Mm]dy) *[|}]',				-- 176
	'{{ *[Uu]se *(dmy) *[|}]',			-- 156 + 18
	'{{ *[Uu]se *(mdy) *[|}]',			-- 149 + 11
	'{{ *([Dd]my) *[|}]',				-- 56
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(MDY) *[|}]',			-- 5
	'{{ *([Dd]MY) *[|}]',				-- 3
	'{{ *[Uu]se(mdy)dates *[|}]',		-- 1
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(DMY) *[|}]',			-- 0
	'{{ *([Mm]DY) *[|}]',				-- 0
	}

local function get_date_format ()
	local content = mw.title.getCurrentTitle():getContent() or '';				-- get the content of the article or ''; new pages edited w/ve do not have 'content' until saved; ve does not preview; phab:T221625
	for _, pattern in ipairs (df_template_patterns) do							-- loop through the patterns looking for {{Use dmy dates}} or {{Use mdy dates}} or any of their redirects
		local start, _, match = content:find(pattern);							-- match is the three letters indicating desired date format
		if match then
			content = content:match ('%b{}', start);							-- get the whole template
			if content:match ('| *cs1%-dates *= *[lsy][sy]?') then				-- look for |cs1-dates=publication date length access-/archive-date length
				return match:lower() .. '-' .. content:match ('| *cs1%-dates *= *([lsy][sy]?)');
			else
				return match:lower() .. '-all';									-- no |cs1-dates= k/v pair; return value appropriate for use in |df=
			end
		end
	end
end

local global_df = get_date_format ();


--[[-----------------&lt; V O L U M E ,  I S S U E ,  P A G E S &gt;------------------

These tables hold cite class values (from the template invocation) and identify those templates that support
|volume=, |issue=, and |page(s)= parameters.  Cite conference and cite map require further qualification which
is handled in the main module.

]]

local templates_using_volume = {'citation', 'audio-visual', 'book', 'conference', 'encyclopaedia', 'interview', 'journal', 'magazine', 'map', 'news', 'report', 'techreport', 'thesis'}
local templates_using_issue = {'citation', 'conference', 'episode', 'interview', 'journal', 'magazine', 'map', 'news', 'podcast'}
local templates_not_using_page = {'audio-visual', 'episode', 'mailinglist', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech'}


--[[--------------------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S &gt;-------------------------------

These tables hold keywords for those parameters that have defined sets of acceptable keywords.

]]

--[[-------------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S   T A B L E &gt;--------------------------

this is a list of keywords; each key in the list is associated with a table of
synonymous keywords possibly from different languages.

for I18N: add local-language keywords to value table; do not change the key.
For example, adding the German keyword 'ja':
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y', 'ja'},

Because CS1|2 templates from en.wiki articles are often copied to other local wikis,
it is recommended that the English keywords remain in these tables.

]]

local keywords = {
	['amp'] = {'&amp;', 'amp', 'ampersand'}, 										-- |name-list-style=
	['and'] = {'and', 'serial'},												-- |name-list-style=
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y'},										-- |no-tracking=, |no-pp= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['afterword'] = {'afterword'},												-- |contribution=
	['bot: unknown'] = {'bot: unknown'},										-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['cs1'] = {'cs1'},															-- |mode=
	['cs2'] = {'cs2'},															-- |mode=
	['dead'] = {'dead'},														-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['dmy'] = {'dmy'},															-- |df=
	['dmy-all'] = {'dmy-all'},													-- |df=
	['foreword'] = {'foreword'},												-- |contribution=
	['free'] = {'free'},														-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['introduction'] = {'introduction'},										-- |contribution=
	['limited'] = {'limited'},													-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['live'] = {'live'},														-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['mdy'] = {'mdy'},															-- |df=
	['mdy-all'] = {'mdy-all'},													-- |df=
	['none'] = {'none'},														-- |postscript=, |ref=, |title=, |type= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['off'] = {'off'},															-- |title= (potentially also: |title-link=, |postscript=, |ref=, |type=)
	['preface'] = {'preface'},													-- |contribution=
	['registration'] = {'registration'},										-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['subscription'] = {'subscription'},										-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['unfit'] = {'unfit'},														-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['usurped'] = {'usurped'},													-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['vanc'] = {'vanc'},														-- |name-list-style=
	['ymd'] = {'ymd'},															-- |df=
	['ymd-all'] = {'ymd-all'},													-- |df=
--	['yMd'] = {'yMd'},															-- |df=; not supported at en.wiki
--	['yMd-all'] = {'yMd-all'},													-- |df=; not supported at en.wiki
	}


--[[------------------------&lt; X L A T E _ K E Y W O R D S &gt;---------------------

this function builds a list, keywords_xlate{}, of the keywords found in keywords{} where the values from keywords{}
become the keys in keywords_xlate{} and the keys from keywords{} become the values in keywords_xlate{}:
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y'},		-- in keywords{}
becomes
	['yes'] = 'affirmative',					-- in keywords_xlate{}
	['true'] = 'affirmative',
	['y'] = 'affirmative',

the purpose of this function is to act as a translator between a non-English keyword and its English equivalent
that may be used in other modules of this suite

]]

local function xlate_keywords ()
	local out_table = {};														-- output goes here
	for k, keywords_t in pairs (keywords) do									-- spin through the keywords table
		for _, keyword in ipairs (keywords_t) do								-- for each keyword
			out_table[keyword] = k;												-- create an entry in the output table where keyword is the key
		end
	end
	
	return out_table;
end

local keywords_xlate = xlate_keywords ();										-- the list of translated keywords


--[[----------------&lt; M A K E _ K E Y W O R D S _ L I S T &gt;---------------------

this function assembles, for parameter-value validation, the list of keywords appropriate to that parameter.

keywords_lists{}, is a table of tables from keywords{}

]]

local function make_keywords_list (keywords_lists)
	local out_table = {};														-- output goes here
	
	for _, keyword_list in ipairs (keywords_lists) do							-- spin through keywords_lists{} and get a table of keywords
		for _, keyword in ipairs (keyword_list) do								-- spin through keyword_list{} and add each keyword, ...
			table.insert (out_table, keyword);									-- ... as plain text, to the output list
		end
	end
	return out_table;
end


--[[----------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S _ L I S T S &gt;-----------------------------

this is a list of lists of valid keywords for the various parameters in [key].
Generally the keys in this table are the canonical en.wiki parameter names though
some are contrived because of use in multiple differently named parameters:
['yes_true_y'], ['id-access'].

The function make_keywords_list() extracts the individual keywords from the
appropriate list in keywords{}.

The lists in this table are used to validate the keyword assignment for the
parameters named in this table's keys.

]]

local keywords_lists = {
	['yes_true_y'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.affirmative}),
	['contribution'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.afterword, keywords.foreword, keywords.introduction, keywords.preface}),
	['df'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dmy, keywords['dmy-all'], keywords.mdy, keywords['mdy-all'], keywords.ymd, keywords['ymd-all']}),
--	['df'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dmy, keywords['dmy-all'], keywords.mdy, keywords['mdy-all'], keywords.ymd, keywords['ymd-all'], keywords.yMd, keywords['yMd-all']}),	-- not supported at en.wiki
	['mode'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.cs1, keywords.cs2}),
	['name-list-style'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.amp, keywords['and'], keywords.vanc}),
	['url-access'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.subscription, keywords.limited, keywords.registration}),
	['url-status'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dead, keywords.live, keywords.unfit, keywords.usurped, keywords['bot: unknown']}),
	['id-access'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.free}),
	}


--[[---------------------&lt; S T R I P M A R K E R S &gt;----------------------------

Common pattern definition location for stripmarkers so that we don't have to go
hunting for them if (when) MediaWiki changes their form.

]]

local stripmarkers = {
	['any'] = '\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-(%a+)%-[%a%d]+%-QINU[^\127]*\127',			-- capture returns name of stripmarker
	['math'] = '\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-math%-[%a%d]+%-QINU[^\127]*\127'			-- math stripmarkers used in coins_cleanup() and coins_replace_math_stripmarker()
	}


--[[------------&lt; I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R A C T E R S &gt;---------------------

This table holds non-printing or invisible characters indexed either by name or
by Unicode group. Values are decimal representations of UTF-8 codes.  The table
is organized as a table of tables because the Lua pairs keyword returns table
data in an arbitrary order.  Here, we want to process the table from top to bottom
because the entries at the top of the table are also found in the ranges specified
by the entries at the bottom of the table.

Also here is a pattern that recognizes stripmarkers that begin and end with the
delete characters.  The nowiki stripmarker is not an error but some others are
because the parameter values that include them become part of the template's
metadata before stripmarker replacement.

]]

local invisible_chars = {
	{'replacement', '\239\191\189'},											-- U+FFFD, EF BF BD
	{'zero width joiner', '\226\128\141'},										-- U+200D, E2 80 8D
	{'zero width space', '\226\128\139'},										-- U+200B, E2 80 8B
	{'hair space', '\226\128\138'},												-- U+200A, E2 80 8A
	{'soft hyphen', '\194\173'},												-- U+00AD, C2 AD
	{'horizontal tab', '\009'},													-- U+0009 (HT), 09
	{'line feed', '\010'},														-- U+000A (LF), 0A
	{'no-break space', '\194\160'},												-- U+00A0 (NBSP), C2 A0
	{'carriage return', '\013'},												-- U+000D (CR), 0D
	{'stripmarker', stripmarkers.any},											-- stripmarker; may or may not be an error; capture returns the stripmaker type
	{'delete', '\127'},															-- U+007F (DEL), 7F; must be done after stripmarker test
	{'C0 control', '[\000-\008\011\012\014-\031]'},								-- U+0000–U+001F (NULL–US), 00–1F (except HT, LF, CR (09, 0A, 0D))
	{'C1 control', '[\194\128-\194\159]'},										-- U+0080–U+009F (XXX–APC), C2 80 – C2 9F
--	{'Specials', '[\239\191\185-\239\191\191]'},								-- U+FFF9-U+FFFF, EF BF B9 – EF BF BF
--	{'Private use area', '[\238\128\128-\239\163\191]'},						-- U+E000–U+F8FF, EE 80 80 – EF A3 BF
--	{'Supplementary Private Use Area-A', '[\243\176\128\128-\243\191\191\189]'},	-- U+F0000–U+FFFFD, F3 B0 80 80 – F3 BF BF BD
--	{'Supplementary Private Use Area-B', '[\244\128\128\128-\244\143\191\189]'},	-- U+100000–U+10FFFD, F4 80 80 80 – F4 8F BF BD
	}

--[[
Indic script makes use of zero width joiner as a character modifier so zwj
characters must be left in.  This pattern covers all of the unicode characters
for these languages:
	Devanagari					0900–097F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0900.pdf
		Devanagari extended		A8E0–A8FF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA8E0.pdf
	Bengali						0980–09FF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0980.pdf
	Gurmukhi					0A00–0A7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0A00.pdf
	Gujarati					0A80–0AFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0A80.pdf
	Oriya						0B00–0B7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B00.pdf
	Tamil						0B80–0BFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B80.pdf
	Telugu						0C00–0C7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C00.pdf
	Kannada						0C80–0CFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C80.pdf
	Malayalam					0D00–0D7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D00.pdf
plus the not-necessarily Indic scripts for Sinhala and Burmese:
	Sinhala						0D80-0DFF - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D80.pdf
	Myanmar						1000-109F - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1000.pdf
		Myanmar extended A		AA60-AA7F - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UAA60.pdf
		Myanmar extended B		A9E0-A9FF - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA9E0.pdf
the pattern is used by has_invisible_chars() and coins_cleanup()
TODO: find a better place for this?
]]

local indic_script = '[\224\164\128-\224\181\191\224\163\160-\224\183\191\225\128\128-\225\130\159\234\167\160-\234\167\191\234\169\160-\234\169\191]';


--[[----------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E   S U P P O R T &gt;-------------------

These tables and constants support various language-specific functionality.

]]

local this_wiki_code = mw.getContentLanguage():getCode();						-- get this wiki's language code
	if string.match (mw.site.server, 'wikidata') then
		this_wiki_code = mw.getCurrentFrame():preprocess('{{int:lang}}');		-- on Wikidata so use interface language setting instead
	end

local languages = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames (this_wiki_code, 'all');		-- get a list of language names known to Wikimedia; used for |language= and interwiki tests

local inter_wiki_map = {};														-- map of interwiki prefixes that are language-code prefixes
	for k, v in pairs (mw.site.interwikiMap ('local')) do						-- spin through the base interwiki map (limited to local)
		if languages[v[&quot;prefix&quot;]] then											-- if the prefix matches a known language code
			inter_wiki_map[v[&quot;prefix&quot;]] = true;									-- add it to our local map
		end
	end

local local_lang_cat_enable = false;											-- set to true to categorize pages where |language=&lt;local wiki's language&gt;


--[[--------------------&lt; S C R I P T _ L A N G _ C O D E S &gt;-------------------

This table is used to hold ISO 639-1 two-character and ISO 639-3 three-character
language codes that apply only to |script-title= and |script-chapter=

]]

local script_lang_codes = {
	'am', 'ar', 'be', 'bg', 'bn', 'bo', 'bs', 'dv', 'dz', 'el', 'fa', 'gu', 
	'he', 'hi', 'hy', 'ja', 'ka', 'kk', 'km', 'kn', 'ko', 'ku', 'ky', 'lo',
	'mk', 'ml', 'mn', 'mr', 'my', 'ne', 'or', 'ota', 'ps', 'ru', 'sd', 'si',
	'sr', 'ta', 'te', 'tg', 'th', 'ti', 'ug', 'uk', 'ur', 'uz', 'yi', 'zh'
	};


--[[---------------&lt; L A N G U A G E   R E M A P P I N G &gt;----------------------

These tables hold language information that is different (correct) from MediaWiki's definitions

For each ['code'] = 'language name' in lang_code_remap{} there must be a matching ['language name'] = {'language name', 'code'} in lang_name_remap{}

lang_code_remap{}:
	key is always lowercase ISO 639-1, -2, -3 language code or a valid lowercase IETF language tag
	value is properly spelled and capitalized language name associated with key
	only one language name per key;
	key/value pair must have matching entry in lang_name_remap{}

lang_name_remap{}:
	key is always lowercase language name
	value is a table the holds correctly spelled and capitalized language name [1] and associated code [2] (code must match a code key in lang_code_remap{})
	may have multiple keys referring to a common preferred name and code; For example:
		['kolsch'] and ['kölsch'] both refer to 'Kölsch' and 'ksh'

]]

local lang_code_remap = {														-- used for |language= and |script-title= / |script-chapter=
	['als'] = 'Tosk Albanian',													-- MediaWiki returns Alemannisch 
	['bh'] = 'Bihari',															-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri Wikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org
	['bla'] = 'Blackfoot',														-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Siksika; use en.wiki preferred name
	['bn'] = 'Bengali',															-- MediaWiki returns Bangla
	['ca-valencia'] = 'Valencian',												-- IETF variant of Catalan
	['crh'] = 'Crimean Tatar',													-- synonymous with Crimean Turkish (return value from {{#language:crh|en}})
	['ilo'] = 'Ilocano',														-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Iloko; use en.wiki preferred name
	['ksh'] = 'Kölsch',															-- MediaWiki: Colognian; use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name
	['ksh-x-colog'] = 'Colognian',												-- override MediaWiki ksh; no IANA/ISO 639 code for Colognian; IETF private code created at Module:Lang/data
	['mis-x-ripuar'] = 'Ripuarian',												-- override MediaWiki ksh; no IANA/ISO 639 code for Ripuarian; IETF private code created at Module:Lang/data
	['nan-tw'] = 'Taiwanese Hokkien',											-- make room for MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639 nan: Min Nan Chinese and support en.wiki preferred name
	}

local lang_name_remap = {														-- used for |language=
	['alemannisch'] = {'Swiss German', 'gsw'},									-- not an ISO or IANA language name; MediaWiki uses 'als' as a subdomain name for Alemannic Wikipedia: als.wikipedia.org
	['bangla'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},												-- MediaWiki returns Bangla (the endonym) but we want Bengali (the exonym); here we remap
	['bengali'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},											-- MediaWiki doesn't use exonym so here we provide correct language name and 639-1 code
	['bhojpuri'] = {'Bhojpuri', 'bho'},											-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri Wikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org
	['bihari'] = {'Bihari', 'bh'},												-- MediaWiki replaces 'Bihari' with 'Bhojpuri' so 'Bihari' cannot be found
	['blackfoot'] = {'Blackfoot', 'bla'},										-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Siksika; use en.wiki preferred name
	['colognian'] = {'Colognian', 'ksh-x-colog'},								-- MediaWiki preferred name for ksh
	['crimean tatar'] = {'Crimean Tatar', 'crh'},								-- MediaWiki uses 'crh' as a subdomain name for Crimean Tatar Wikipedia: crh.wikipedia.org
	['ilocano'] = {'Ilocano', 'ilo'},											-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Iloko; use en.wiki preferred name
	['kolsch'] = {'Kölsch', 'ksh'},												-- use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name (use non-diacritical o instead of umlaut ö)
	['kölsch'] = {'Kölsch', 'ksh'},												-- use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name
	['ripuarian'] = {'Ripuarian', 'mis-x-ripuar'},								-- group of dialects; no code in MediaWiki or in IANA/ISO 639
--	['siksika'] = {'Siksika', 'bla'},											-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639 preferred name: Siksika
	['taiwanese hokkien'] = {'Taiwanese Hokkien', 'nan-TW'},					-- make room for MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639 nan: Min Nan Chinese 
	['tosk albanian'] = {'Tosk Albanian', 'als'},								-- MediaWiki replaces 'Tosk Albanian' with 'Alemannisch' so 'Tosk Albanian' cannot be found
	['valencian'] = {'Valencian', 'ca'},										-- variant of Catalan; categorizes as Catalan
	}


--[[---------------&lt; P R O P E R T I E S _ C A T E G O R I E S &gt;----------------

Properties categories. These are used for investigating qualities of citations.

]]

local prop_cats = {
	['foreign_lang_source'] = 'CS1 $1-language sources ($2)',					-- |language= categories; $1 is foreign-language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code
	['foreign_lang_source_2'] = 'CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)|$1',	-- |language= category; a cat for ISO639-2 languages; $1 is the ISO 639-2 code used as a sort key
	['local_lang_source'] = 'CS1 $1-language sources ($2)',						-- |language= categories; $1 is local-language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code; not emitted when local_lang_cat_enable is false
	['location test'] = 'CS1 location test',
	['script'] = 'CS1 uses foreign language script',							-- when language specified by |script-title=xx: doesn't have its own category
	['script_with_name'] = 'CS1 uses $1-language script ($2)',					-- |script-title=xx: has matching category; $1 is language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code
	['jul_greg_uncertainty'] = 'CS1: Julian–Gregorian uncertainty',				-- probably temporary cat to identify scope of template with dates 1 October 1582 – 1 January 1926
	['long_vol'] = 'CS1: long volume value',									-- probably temporary cat to identify scope of |volume= values longer than 4 charachters
	['year_range_abbreviated'] = 'CS1: abbreviated year range',					-- probably temporary cat to identify scope of |date=, |year= values using YYYY–YY form
	}


--[[-------------------&lt; T I T L E _ T Y P E S &gt;--------------------------------

Here we map a template's CitationClass to TitleType (default values for |type= parameter)

]]

local title_types = {
	['AV-media-notes'] = 'Media notes',
	['interview'] = 'Interview',
	['mailinglist'] = 'Mailing list',
	['map'] = 'Map',
	['podcast'] = 'Podcast',
	['pressrelease'] = 'Press release',
	['report'] = 'Report',
	['techreport'] = 'Technical report',
	['thesis'] = 'Thesis',
	}


--[[===================&lt;&lt; E R R O R   M E S S A G I N G &gt;&gt;======================
]]

--[[----------&lt; E R R O R   M E S S A G E   S U P P L I M E N T S &gt;-------------

I18N for those messages that are supplemented with additional specific text that
describes the reason for the error

TODO: merge this with special_case_translations{}?
]]

local err_msg_supl = {
	['char'] = 'invalid character',												-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['check'] = 'checksum',														-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['flag'] = 'flag',															-- |archive-url=
	['form'] = 'invalid form',													-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['group'] = 'invalid group id',												-- |isbn=
	['initials'] = 'initials',													-- Vancouver
	['journal'] = 'journal',													-- |bibcode=
	['length'] = 'length',														-- |isbn=, |bibcode=, |sbn=
	['liveweb'] = 'liveweb',													-- |archive-url=
	['missing comma'] = 'missing comma',										-- Vancouver
	['name'] = 'name',															-- Vancouver
	['non-Latin char'] = 'non-Latin character',									-- Vancouver
	['path'] = 'path',															-- |archive-url=
	['prefix'] = 'invalid prefix',												-- |isbn=
	['punctuation'] = 'punctuation',											-- Vancouver
	['save'] = 'save command',													-- |archive-url=
	['suffix'] = 'suffix',														-- Vancouver
	['timestamp'] = 'timestamp',												-- |archive-url=
	['value'] = 'value',														-- |bibcode=
	['year'] = 'year',															-- |bibcode=
	}


--[[--------------&lt; E R R O R _ C O N D I T I O N S &gt;---------------------------

Error condition table.  This table has two sections: errors at the top, maintenance
at the bottom.  Maint 'messaging' does not have a 'message' (message=nil)

The following contains a list of IDs for various error conditions defined in the
code.  For each ID, we specify a text message to display, an error category to
include, and whether the error message should be wrapped as a hidden comment.

Anchor changes require identical changes to matching anchor in Help:CS1 errors

TODO: rename error_conditions{} to something more generic; create separate error
and maint tables inside that?

]]

local error_conditions = {
	err_accessdate_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;access-date=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'accessdate_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: access-date without URL',
		hidden = false
 		},
	err_apostrophe_markup = {
		message = 'Italic or bold markup not allowed in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'apostrophe_markup',
		category = 'CS1 errors: markup',
		hidden = false
 		},
	err_archive_missing_date = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'archive_missing_date',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'archive_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; is malformed: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'archive_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_arxiv_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;arxiv=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'arxiv_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: arXiv',											-- same as bad arxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_arxiv = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;arxiv=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_arxiv',
		category = 'CS1 errors: arXiv',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_asin = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;asin=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_asin',
		category ='CS1 errors: ASIN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_bibcode = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;bibcode=&lt;/code&gt; $1',		-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_bibcode',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bibcode',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_biorxiv = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;biorxiv=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_biorxiv',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bioRxiv',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_citeseerx = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;citeseerx=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_citeseerx',
		category = 'CS1 errors: citeseerx',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_date = {
		message = 'Check date values in: $1',									-- $1 is a parameter name list
		anchor = 'bad_date',
		category = 'CS1 errors: dates',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_doi = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;doi=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_doi',
		category = 'CS1 errors: DOI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_hdl = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;hdl=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_hdl',
		category = 'CS1 errors: HDL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_isbn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;isbn=&lt;/code&gt; value: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_isbn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISBN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ismn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ismn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ismn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISMN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_issn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1issn=&lt;/code&gt; value',	-- $1 is 'e' or '' for eissn or issn
		anchor = 'bad_issn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISSN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_jfm = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;jfm=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_jfm',
		category = 'CS1 errors: JFM',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_jstor = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;jstor=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_jstor',
		category = 'CS1 errors: JSTOR',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_lccn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;lccn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_lccn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: LCCN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_mr = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;mr=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_mr',
		category = 'CS1 errors: MR',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_oclc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;oclc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_oclc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OCLC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ol = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ol=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ol',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_osti = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;osti=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_osti',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OSTI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_paramlink = {														-- for |title-link=, |author/editor/translator-link=, |series-link=, |episode-link=
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; value',		-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bad_paramlink',
		category = 'CS1 errors: parameter link',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_pmc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;pmc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_pmc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: PMC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_pmid = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;pmid=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_pmid',
		category = 'CS1 errors: PMID',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_rfc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;rfc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_rfc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: RFC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_s2cid = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;s2cid=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_s2cid',
		category = 'CS1 errors: S2CID',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_sbn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;sbn=&lt;/code&gt; value: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_sbn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SBN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ssrn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ssrn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ssrn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SSRN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_url = {
		message = 'Check $1 value',												-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bad_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_usenet_id = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;message-id=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_message_id',
		category = 'CS1 errors: message-id',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_zbl = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;zbl=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_zbl',
		category = 'CS1 errors: Zbl',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bare_url_missing_title = {
		message = '$1 missing title',											-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bare_url_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bare URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_biorxiv_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;biorxiv=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'biorxiv_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bioRxiv',										-- same as bad bioRxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_chapter_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',			-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'chapter_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: chapter ignored',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_citation_missing_title = {
		message = 'Missing or empty &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'citation_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing title',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_citeseerx_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;citeseerx=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'citeseerx_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: citeseerx',										-- same as bad citeseerx
		hidden = false
		},
	err_cite_web_url = {														-- this error applies to cite web and to cite podcast
		message = 'Missing or empty &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'cite_web_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: requires URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_class_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;class=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',
		anchor = 'class_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: class',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_contributor_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;contributor=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',
		anchor = 'contributor_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: contributor',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_contributor_missing_required_param = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;contributor=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'contributor_missing_required_param',
		category = 'CS1 errors: contributor',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_deprecated_params = {
		message = 'Cite uses deprecated parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'deprecated_params',
		category = 'CS1 errors: deprecated parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_disp_name = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;display-$1=$2&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is 'authors', 'contributors', 'editors', 'interviewers', 'translators'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		anchor = 'disp_name',
		category = 'CS1 errors: display-names',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_doibroken_missing_doi = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;doi=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'doibroken_missing_doi',
		category = 'CS1 errors: DOI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_empty_citation = {
		message = 'Empty citation',
		anchor = 'empty_citation',
		category = 'CS1 errors: empty citation',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_etal = {
		message = 'Explicit use of et al. in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'explicit_et_al',
		category = 'CS1 errors: explicit use of et al.',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_extra_text_edition = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;edition=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',
		anchor = 'extra_text_edition',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: edition',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_extra_text_pages = { -- TODO make message dependent on triggering parameter i.e. p/pp/page/pages?
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;page(s)=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',
		anchor = 'extra_text_pages',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: pages',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_first_missing_last = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; missing &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is first alias, $2 is matching last alias
		anchor = 'first_missing_last',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing name', -- author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator
		hidden = false
		},
	err_format_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is format parameter $2 is url parameter
		anchor = 'format_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: format without URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_generic_title = {
		message = 'Cite uses generic title',
		anchor = 'generic_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: generic title',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_invalid_param_val = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=$2&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is parameter name $2 is parameter value
		anchor = 'invalid_param_val',
		category = 'CS1 errors: invalid parameter value',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_invisible_char = {
		message = '$1 in $2 at position $3',									-- $1 is invisible char $2 is parameter name $3 is position number
		anchor = 'invisible_char',
		category = 'CS1 errors: invisible characters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_name = {
		message = 'Missing &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1$2=&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is modified NameList; $2 is enumerator
		anchor = 'missing_name',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing name',									-- author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_periodical = {
		message = 'Cite $1 requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is cs1 template name; $2 is canonical periodical parameter name for cite $1
		anchor = 'missing_periodical',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing periodical',
		hidden = true
		},
	err_missing_pipe = {
		message = 'Missing pipe in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'missing_pipe',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing pipe',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_param_access_requires_param = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1-access=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'param_access_requires_param',
		category = 'CS1 errors: param-access',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_param_has_ext_link = {
		message = 'External link in &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'param_has_ext_link',
		category = 'CS1 errors: external links',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_parameter_ignored = {
		message = 'Unknown parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'parameter_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unsupported parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_parameter_ignored_suggest = {
		message = 'Unknown parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored (&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt; suggested)',	-- $1 is unknown parameter $2 is suggested parameter name
		anchor = 'parameter_ignored_suggest',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unsupported parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_redundant_parameters = {
		message = 'More than one of $1 specified',								-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'redundant_parameters',
		category = 'CS1 errors: redundant parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_script_parameter = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;: $2',		-- $1 is parameter name $2 is script language code or error detail
		anchor = 'script_parameter',
		category = 'CS1 errors: script parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_ssrn_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ssrn=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'ssrn_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SSRN',											-- same as bad arxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_text_ignored = {
		message = 'Text &quot;$1&quot; ignored',											-- $1 is ignored text
		anchor = 'text_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unrecognized parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_trans_missing_title = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;trans-$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; or  &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;script-$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is base parameter name
		anchor = 'trans_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: translated title',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_param_unknown_empty = {
		message = 'Cite has empty unknown parameter$1: $2',						-- $1 is 's' or empty space; $2 is emty unknown param list
		anchor = 'param_unknown_empty',
		category = 'CS1 errors: empty unknown parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_vancouver = {
		message = 'Vancouver style error: $1',									-- $1 is error detail
		anchor = 'vancouver',
		category = 'CS1 errors: Vancouver style',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_wikilink_in_url = {
		message = 'URL–wikilink conflict',										-- uses ndash
		anchor = 'wikilink_in_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: URL–wikilink conflict',							-- uses ndash
		hidden = false
		},


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A I N T &gt;-------------------------------------

maint messages do not have a message (message = nil); otherwise the structure
is the same as error messages

]]
	maint_asin = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ASIN',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ASIN uses ISBN',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_archived_copy = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'archived_copy',
		category = 'CS1 maint: archived copy as title',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_authors = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'authors',
		category = 'CS1 maint: uses authors parameter',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_bot_unknown = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'bot:_unknown',
		category = 'CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_date_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'date_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: date format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_date_year = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'date_year',
		category = 'CS1 maint: date and year',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_ignore',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored DOI errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_inactive = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_inactive',
		category = 'CS1 maint: DOI inactive',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_inactive_dated = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_inactive_dated',
		category = 'CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of $2$3$1',						-- $1 is year, $2 is month-name or empty string, $3 is space or empty string
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_extra_punct = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'extra_punct',
		category = 'CS1 maint: extra punctuation',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_extra_text_names = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'extra_text_names',
		category = 'CS1 maint: extra text: $1',									-- $1 is '&lt;name&gt;s list'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_isbn_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ignore_isbn_err',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_issn_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ignore_issn',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_jfm_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'jfm_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: JFM format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_location = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'location',
		category = 'CS1 maint: location',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_mr_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'mr_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: MR format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_mult_names = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'mult_names',
		category = 'CS1 maint: multiple names: $1',								-- $1 is '&lt;name&gt;s list'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_numeric_names = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'numeric_names',
		category = 'CS1 maint: numeric names: $1',								-- $1 is '&lt;name&gt;s list'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_others = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'others',
		category = 'CS1 maint: others',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_pmc_embargo = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'embargo',
		category = 'CS1 maint: PMC embargo expired',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_pmc_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'pmc_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: PMC format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_ref_harv = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ref_harv',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ref=harv',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_unfit = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'unfit',
		category = 'CS1 maint: unfit URL',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_unknown_lang = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'unknown_lang',
		category = 'CS1 maint: unrecognized language',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_untitled = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'untitled',
		category = 'CS1 maint: untitled periodical',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_zbl = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'zbl',
		category = 'CS1 maint: Zbl',
		hidden = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; I D _ H A N D L E R S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

The following contains a list of values for various defined identifiers.  For each
identifier we specify a variety of information necessary to properly render the
identifier in the citation.

	parameters: a list of parameter aliases for this identifier; first in the list is the canonical form
	link: Wikipedia article name
	redirect: a local redirect to a local Wikipedia article name;  at en.wiki, 'ISBN (identifier)' is a redirect to 'International Standard Book Number'
	q: Wikidata q number for the identifier
	label: the label preceeding the identifier; label is linked to a Wikipedia article (in this order):
		redirect from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].redirect when use_identifier_redirects is true
		Wikidata-supplied article name for the local wiki from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].q
		local article name from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].link
	prefix: the first part of a URL that will be concatenated with a second part which usually contains the identifier
	suffix: optional third part to be added after the identifier
	encode: true if URI should be percent-encoded; otherwise false
	COinS: identifier link or keyword for use in COinS:
		for identifiers registered at info-uri.info use: info:....
		for identifiers that have COinS keywords, use the keyword: rft.isbn, rft.issn, rft.eissn
		for others make a URL using the value in prefix/suffix and #label, use the keyword: pre (not checked; any text other than 'info' or 'rft' works here)
		set to nil to leave the identifier out of the COinS
	separator: character or text between label and the identifier in the rendered citation
	id_limit: for those identifiers with established limits, this property holds the upper limit
	access: use this parameter to set the access level for all instances of this identifier.
		the value must be a valid access level for an identifier (see ['id-access'] in this file).
	custom_access: to enable custom access level for an identifier, set this parameter
		to the parameter that should control it (normally 'id-access')
]]

local id_handlers = {
	['ARXIV'] = {
		parameters = {'arxiv', 'eprint'},
		link = 'arXiv',
		redirect = 'arXiv (identifier)',
		q = 'Q118398',
		label = 'arXiv',
		prefix = '//arxiv.org/abs/', 											-- protocol-relative tested 2013-09-04
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'info:arxiv',
		separator = ':',
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['ASIN'] = {
		parameters = { 'asin', 'ASIN' },
		link = 'Amazon Standard Identification Number',
		redirect = 'ASIN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1753278',
		label = 'ASIN',
		prefix = '//www.amazon.',
		COinS = nil,															-- no COinS for this id (TODO: needs thinking on implementation because |asin-tld=)
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		encode = false;
		},
	['BIBCODE'] = {
		parameters = {'bibcode'},
		link = 'Bibcode',
		redirect = 'Bibcode (identifier)',
		q = 'Q25754',
		label = 'Bibcode',
		prefix = 'https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/',
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'info:bibcode',
		separator = ':',
		custom_access = 'bibcode-access',
		},
	['BIORXIV'] = {
		parameters = {'biorxiv'},
		link = 'bioRxiv',
		redirect = 'bioRxiv (identifier)',
		q = 'Q19835482',
		label = 'bioRxiv',
		prefix = '//doi.org/',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['CITESEERX'] = {
		parameters = {'citeseerx'},
		link = 'CiteSeerX',
		redirect = 'CiteSeerX (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2715061',
		label = 'CiteSeerX',
		prefix = '//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=',
		COinS =  'pre',															-- use prefix value
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['DOI'] = {																	-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
		parameters = { 'doi', 'DOI'},
		link = 'Digital object identifier',
		redirect = 'doi (identifier)',
		q = 'Q25670',
		label = 'doi',
		prefix = '//doi.org/',
		COinS = 'info:doi',
		separator = ':',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'doi-access',
		},
	['EISSN'] = {
		parameters = {'eissn', 'EISSN'},
		link = 'International Standard Serial Number#Electronic ISSN',
		redirect = 'eISSN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q46339674',
		label = 'eISSN',
		prefix = '//www.worldcat.org/issn/',
		COinS = 'rft.eissn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['HDL'] = {
		parameters = { 'hdl', 'HDL' },
		link = 'Handle System',
		redirect = 'hdl (identifier)',
		q = 'Q3126718',
		label = 'hdl',
		prefix = '//hdl.handle.net/',
		COinS = 'info:hdl',
		separator = ':',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'hdl-access',
		},
	['ISBN'] = {																-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
		parameters = {'isbn', 'ISBN', 'isbn13', 'ISBN13'},
		link = 'International Standard Book Number',
		redirect = 'ISBN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q33057',
		label = 'ISBN',
		prefix = 'Special:BookSources/',
		COinS = 'rft.isbn',
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ISMN'] = {
		parameters = {'ismn', 'ISMN'},
		link = 'International Standard Music Number',
		redirect = 'ISMN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1666938',
		label = 'ISMN',
		prefix = '',															-- not currently used;
		COinS = 'nil',															-- nil because we can't use pre or rft or info:
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ISSN'] = {
		parameters = {'issn', 'ISSN'},
		link = 'International Standard Serial Number',
		redirect = 'ISSN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q131276',
		label = 'ISSN',
		prefix = '//www.worldcat.org/issn/',
		COinS = 'rft.issn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['JFM'] = {
		parameters = {'jfm', 'JFM'},
		link = 'Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik',
		redirect = 'JFM (identifier)',
		q = '',
		label = 'JFM',
		prefix = '//zbmath.org/?format=complete&amp;q=an:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['JSTOR'] = {
		parameters = {'jstor', 'JSTOR'},
		link = 'JSTOR',
		redirect = 'JSTOR (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1420342',
		label = 'JSTOR',
		prefix = '//www.jstor.org/stable/', 									-- protocol-relative tested 2013-09-04
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		custom_access = 'jstor-access',
		},
	['LCCN'] = {
		parameters = {'lccn', 'LCCN'},
		link = 'Library of Congress Control Number',
		redirect = 'LCCN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q620946',
		label = 'LCCN',
		prefix = '//lccn.loc.gov/', 											-- protocol-relative tested 2015-12-28
		COinS = 'info:lccn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['MR'] = {
		parameters = {'mr', 'MR'},
		link = 'Mathematical Reviews',
		redirect = 'MR (identifier)',
		q = 'Q211172',
		label = 'MR',
		prefix = '//www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=', 						-- protocol-relative tested 2013-09-04
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['OCLC'] = {
		parameters = {'oclc', 'OCLC'},
		link = 'OCLC',
		redirect = 'OCLC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q190593',
		label = 'OCLC',
		prefix = '//www.worldcat.org/oclc/',
		COinS = 'info:oclcnum',
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 9999999999, -- 10-digits
		},
	['OL'] = {
		parameters = { 'ol', 'OL' },
		link = 'Open Library',
		redirect = 'OL (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1201876',
		label = 'OL',
		prefix = '//openlibrary.org/',
		COinS = nil, -- no COinS for this id (TODO: needs thinking on implementation because /authors/books/works/OL)
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'ol-access',
		},
	['OSTI'] = {
		parameters = {'osti', 'OSTI'},
		link = 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information',
		redirect = 'OSTI (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2015776',
		label = 'OSTI',
		prefix = '//www.osti.gov/biblio/',										-- protocol-relative tested 2018-09-12
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 23000000,
		custom_access = 'osti-access',
		},
	['PMC'] = {
		parameters = {'pmc', 'PMC'},
		link = 'PubMed Central',
		redirect = 'PMC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q229883',
		label = 'PMC',
		prefix = '//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC',
		suffix = '',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 8000000,
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['PMID'] = {
		parameters = {'pmid', 'PMID'},
		link = 'PubMed Identifier',
		redirect = 'PMID (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2082879',
		label = 'PMID',
		prefix = '//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/',
		COinS = 'info:pmid',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 33700000,
		},
	['RFC'] = {
		parameters = {'rfc', 'RFC'},
		link = 'Request for Comments',
		redirect = 'RFC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q212971',
		label = 'RFC',
		prefix = '//tools.ietf.org/html/rfc',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 9000,
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['SBN'] = {
		parameters = {'sbn', 'SBN'},
		link = 'Standard Book Number',											-- redirect to International_Standard_Book_Number#History
		redirect = 'SBN (identifier)',
		label = 'SBN',
		prefix = 'Special:BookSources/0-',										-- prefix has leading zero necessary to make 9-digit sbn a 10-digit isbn
		COinS = nil,															-- nil because we can't use pre or rft or info:
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['SSRN'] = {
		parameters = {'ssrn', 'SSRN'},
		link = 'Social Science Research Network',
		redirect = 'SSRN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q7550801',
		label = 'SSRN',
		prefix = '//ssrn.com/abstract=', 										-- protocol-relative tested 2013-09-04
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 4000000,
		access = 'free',														-- always free to read
		},
	['S2CID'] = {
		parameters = {'s2cid', 'S2CID'},
		link = 'Semantic Scholar',
		redirect = 'S2CID (identifier)',
		q = 'Q22908627',
		label = 'S2CID',
		prefix = 'https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = 235000000,
		custom_access = 's2cid-access',
		},
	['USENETID'] = {
		parameters = {'message-id'},
		link = 'Usenet',
		redirect = 'Usenet (identifier)',
		q = 'Q193162',
		label = 'Usenet:',
		prefix = 'news:',
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ZBL'] = {
		parameters = {'zbl', 'ZBL' },
		link = 'Zentralblatt MATH',
		redirect = 'Zbl (identifier)',
		q = 'Q190269',
		label = 'Zbl',
		prefix = '//zbmath.org/?format=complete&amp;q=an:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;---------------------------------
]]

return 	{
	use_identifier_redirects = true,											-- when true use redirect name for identifier label links

	aliases = aliases,
	special_case_translation = special_case_translation,
	date_names = date_names,
	err_msg_supl = err_msg_supl,
	error_conditions = error_conditions,
	editor_markup_patterns = editor_markup_patterns,
	et_al_patterns = et_al_patterns,
	global_df = global_df,
	id_handlers = id_handlers,
	keywords_lists = keywords_lists,
	keywords_xlate = keywords_xlate,
	stripmarkers=stripmarkers,
	invisible_chars = invisible_chars,
	indic_script = indic_script,
	local_lang_cat_enable = local_lang_cat_enable,
	maint_cats = maint_cats,
	messages = messages,
	presentation = presentation,
	prop_cats = prop_cats,
	punct_skip = punct_skip,
	script_lang_codes = script_lang_codes,
	lang_code_remap = lang_code_remap,
	lang_name_remap = lang_name_remap,
	this_wiki_code = this_wiki_code,
	title_types = title_types,
	uncategorized_namespaces = uncategorized_namespaces,
	uncategorized_subpages = uncategorized_subpages,
	templates_using_volume = templates_using_volume,
	templates_using_issue = templates_using_issue,
	templates_not_using_page = templates_not_using_page,
	
	inter_wiki_map = inter_wiki_map,
	languages = languages,
	}</text>
      <sha1>au88n5wlzddpl974lvkocdbwh5m2gci</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3222</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9158</id>
      <parentid>9150</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:21:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons, Londinium Maius]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bedfont''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/17061656 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>e9x7k6g80qhtrd37sm8zbwk3aflcl95</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3223</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9160</id>
      <parentid>9010</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:22:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Bedefons Occidentalis, Londinium Maius]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''West Bedfont''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3471197738 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>pkxmia313hzb3z4tk6syudbfqbk0zbu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3225</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9232</id>
      <parentid>9228</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:46:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Great Hallingbury''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1576304872 OSM]
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3333962 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ep7tevv9a2v5awxoyc3lrv4ovnl0ubn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3226</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9230</id>
      <parentid>9022</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:46:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Parva, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Little Hallingbury''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3332611 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>jx2b8e6yv5j6ubw58fk9kplbqv5t1jq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Parva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3227</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva" />
    <revision>
      <id>10140</id>
      <parentid>9019</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva]]</text>
      <sha1>pcuu2it4lvgry2gyxt4awc0ihcfp00u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Magna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3228</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna" />
    <revision>
      <id>10138</id>
      <parentid>9021</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</text>
      <sha1>r8gy2uznmlv3956q4g5orcy9ec1pqgl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9264</id>
      <parentid>9045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:17:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K/Kelintuna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kenningtons''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/51.5065/0.2502 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>75u5psg3u5fmpsg7m2pvjm8vur8zr8t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Pudesheia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9350</id>
      <parentid>9029</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:59:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pudesheia, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Pudesheia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="122" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Pudsey'', prope ''Ashingdon'' (Neseduna)

Pudsey Hall Farm:

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/115972512 OSM}</text>
      <sha1>9kaj6t0fy0v3ehkpxl46l95j3oo874w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9103</id>
      <parentid>9033</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T18:03:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" xml:space="preserve">* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/A|A]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B|B]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/L|L]]</text>
      <sha1>tqqukeilw3gqhyj53cmqgyemq0vs903</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3235</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9040</id>
      <parentid>9037</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-07T22:08:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="154" xml:space="preserve">* [[../B/Berlesduna, Essexia|Berlesduna, Essexia]]
* [[../B/Billerica, Essexia|Billerica, Essexia]]
* [[../B/Boscus Arsus, Essexia|Boscus Arsus, Essexia]]</text>
      <sha1>3cxj2wskga8yh8h8io6n0k29rgr2o7u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3236</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9567</id>
      <parentid>9036</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:10:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Berlesduna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Basildon''

*[https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/76516 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>bmt2zj2a7w9zbv10abb63cve00no4jl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3237</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9570</id>
      <parentid>9039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:11:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Billerica, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Billericay''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/25608966 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>kji064th7w1adalpxf2kh9op1lky0jr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Boscus Arsus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9575</id>
      <parentid>9573</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:12:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Brentwood''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/76515 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>c1phi3usz5tma9fujddhcs71fpglcvu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K/K/Kelintuna, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3239</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna" />
    <revision>
      <id>10142</id>
      <parentid>9046</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna]]</text>
      <sha1>t4u7kvniwcoo9ju4771mv4wbcbn5nmd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9369</id>
      <parentid>9050</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:15:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Filileia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Fawley''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>39pppve7a8rnoqsqdrnal8di4k8dkyr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Filileia, Herefordensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3241</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10136</id>
      <parentid>9051</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia]]</text>
      <sha1>7699le1anvim0lel03b30u53d0nqlgp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3242</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9261</id>
      <parentid>9259</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:56:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopia comitatus/Forda]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="70" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Ford''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254727344 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>m72rpj3nxv4t7opzpfhhmlpb1qsdew1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3243</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9366</id>
      <parentid>9056</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Foxleia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Foxley''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.1131/-2.8574 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>gs07e6wppf8xsma9p9tfecxw0yrk75m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9377</id>
      <parentid>9058</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Prioris, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="102" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Prior's Frome''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/274380412#map=13/52.0483/-2.6193 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>eplb0jfs8b9gj188vpa7ozt29m3wkzx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3245</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9371</id>
      <parentid>9060</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:16:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Canonicorum, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Canon Frome''</text>
      <sha1>9wy9by8s1zuqorxndvhgarvz6jw0kft</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3246</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9375</id>
      <parentid>9063</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:17:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Episcopi, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bishop's Frome''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6303987 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>dsjmchl7w4fexbbz0iak5e1se3k53no</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3247</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9373</id>
      <parentid>9066</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:16:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Castri, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Castle Frome''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6304012 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>k2h24icbklehrldxqi6sbh1o22g0w4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3248</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9238</id>
      <parentid>9068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Helion, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Hellens''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/738333325#map=15/51.9965/-2.4954 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r57ev8wowcgqufj0bi0k7yansd9rhko</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3250</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9147</id>
      <parentid>9071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T09:48:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/A/Aurea Vallis, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="132" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Golden Valley''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?query=Golden%20Valley%20herefordshire#map=12/52.0166/-2.9366 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>sf2k2biasjahfy1e02k8ugxfhbx7xwf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3251</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9236</id>
      <parentid>9074</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Heanoura, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Hennor''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=17/52.22398/-2.68065 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>1ndnz4lb2blbmjwumtghnxkgakg1z5u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3252</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9242</id>
      <parentid>9076</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:49:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hulla, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Howle Hill''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4464836647 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>j48nso4v21bxew0xxyx3tydaq6xlq6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3253</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9247</id>
      <parentid>9244</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:50:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/v/Humbra]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Humber''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6304997 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>et71emu4x0e7l4lhxvdc5mw8jluam5v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3254</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9240</id>
      <parentid>9081</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hida, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Hyde Ash''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.1950/-2.7985 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5yhzuisu8y2axfo8io5oehd14x37fos</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3255</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9180</id>
      <parentid>9083</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:20:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Caradocia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">Sive Kenecestria.

Anglice ''Kenchester''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6309751 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ma9lvwcda2cghjvphe0o319o2zq8td1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9211</id>
      <parentid>9089</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:33:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kenderchurch'' sive ''Howton''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7p0pio2kxox0961gqnnke87jlfv157s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9213</id>
      <parentid>9088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:33:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kentchurch''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29429744#map=13/51.9274/-2.8461 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5dp6n23a95lxvp7sed3oag2qvdhs9da</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3258</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri" />
    <revision>
      <id>10135</id>
      <parentid>9090</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]</text>
      <sha1>9me5rb49trh8kwyyx0nskt363smo8oq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3259</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9274</id>
      <parentid>9271</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:21:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis comitatus/Kinardseia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" xml:space="preserve">Sive ''Chinardeslega''.

Anglice ''Kinnersley''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6307487 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>iy7ykjrlck46zldr28tkgsq25zys1ko</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9202</id>
      <parentid>9098</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:28:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Cuer, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kyrebatch''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/514556763 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>48svvjsoz895szc8loxctn0q7a7wnmq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3261</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9215</id>
      <parentid>9100</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:34:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia de Lastres]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">Sive ''Lastres''

Anglice ''Laysters''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2897058071 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>tslyuq2tzoqyomw32sdokh6s4l2y6r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9393</id>
      <parentid>9102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:25:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lega, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="106" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Lea'', ''The Lea''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/835926216#map=13/51.8935/-2.4969 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>d840f95n02pbs6qc71euphj0h9x1uz0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/L</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3263</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9106</id>
      <parentid>9104</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T18:07:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="92" xml:space="preserve">* [[../L/Ledburia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]]
* [[../Leministria, Herefordiensis Comitatus]]</text>
      <sha1>e7c38p2lhop6u5kziacs3hjaxye4k6k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3264</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9564</id>
      <parentid>9105</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:08:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/L/Ledburia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Sive ''Lideberia''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1706764690 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>a0hdu8ava6fvpq3qhntcemfine8umov</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9577</id>
      <parentid>9108</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:14:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/Leministria, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Leominster''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/13464524 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>skbku56q7y14abqdy27u3n67et8t4c3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3266</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9389</id>
      <parentid>9111</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Sulbiu, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llancillo''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6179726#map=14/51.9243/-2.9222 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>nlrbhlssakjqgcsbzt60vu6hubhmmrl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/L/Lann Sulbiu, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3267</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu" />
    <revision>
      <id>10144</id>
      <parentid>9112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu]]</text>
      <sha1>kw1hsbu5fjrp00rt9z063otysrvj3zf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3268</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9385</id>
      <parentid>9115</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Loudeu, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llancloudy''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/6930469747 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hlbgzatnrao4werfn1ljlaj2qps3dil</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3269</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9383</id>
      <parentid>9117</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:21:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Iunapui, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llandinabo''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6270338 OSM]]</text>
      <sha1>hfqo306db1vqyyn8qs630na670215it</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3270</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9182</id>
      <parentid>9119</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:20:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Capella de Llanvayre, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llanfair Waterdine''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6810999 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>355ir5lsgzg09d8nrikodmpgcvodli5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3271</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9381</id>
      <parentid>9121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:21:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Garan, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llangarren''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>q3hlnb5v641v9xrqtkrpap8pqh4ywh7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3272</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9387</id>
      <parentid>9123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Ridol, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llanrothal''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6179427 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>4rfq0jupphlmtub4n30bn77ba71fd2h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3273</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9391</id>
      <parentid>9126</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:23:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lannguern Teliau, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Llanwarne''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29499566#map=13/51.9504/-2.7194 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>bresgb3pm5rivj2nnivn18xn3x7p04f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3274</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9399</id>
      <parentid>9379</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:30:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumHerefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Longworth''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7wpw2g15dbjajaj30gozuedm5se0bm1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3275</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9395</id>
      <parentid>9130</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:26:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lunthelega, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="113" xml:space="preserve">Sive Lunteleya.

Anglice ''Luntley''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/616917881#map=15/52.1968/-2.8897 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hvjg2ns5ekrx5h8byxj0htd34fawhsy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Novus Vicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3276</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9132</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Novus Vicus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Vicus]]</text>
      <sha1>mfaxnbi0yeqwcanq3f7eykfs2e8oi65</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3277</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis" />
    <revision>
      <id>9134</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:39:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis]]</text>
      <sha1>t0kc2ox1sbjv4zohu67nf0jgzb0022u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Venella Veteris Decani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3278</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani" />
    <revision>
      <id>9136</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:39:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londinium/Venella Veteris Decani]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="89" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Veteris Decani]]</text>
      <sha1>5zq9ppf8tsty5sj4sniqwyx86lfkfaa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Luda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3279</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9140</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:46:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Lyde''  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Lyde''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7e51w2oyfpymu2dvywa7hj6v8qxe9oe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3280</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9637</id>
      <parentid>9628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:47:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11388" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Herefordshire''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/10187 OSM]

==Oppida et Urbes==
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromiard|Bromiard]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Herefordia|Herefordia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia|Ledburia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria|Leministria]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ros|Ros]]

==Alia==
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis|Aurea Vallis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Burgus de Ploufeld|Burgus de Ploufeld]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia|Caradocia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Hyda|Capella de Hyda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre|Capella de Llanvayre]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum Ricardi|Castrum Ricardi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam|Clifton ultra Tamedam]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer|Cuer]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Albo Monasterio|Ecclesia de Albo Monasterio]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Petrestowe|Ecclesia de Petrestowe]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres|Ecclesia de Lastres]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Dubricii|Ecclesia Sancti Dubricii]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri|Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne|Ecclesia Sancte Keyne]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Michaelis|Ecclesia Sancti Michaelis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Petri in Straddel|Ecclesia Sancti Petri in Straddel]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Wenarch|Ecclesia Sancti Wenarch]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Forda|Forda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia|Foxleia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia|Filileia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum|Froma Canonicorum]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri|Froma Castri]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi|Froma Episcopi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris|Froma Prioris]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gatredehopa|Gatredehopa]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Loges|Gedesfenna Loges]]
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Loges/Gedesfenna Loges et Salsus Mariscus|Gedesfenna Loges et Salsus Mariscus]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Radulphi|Gedesfenna Radulphi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri|Haya Wiri]]; 
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri/Castellum Hayae Wiri|Castellum Hayae Wiri]]
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri/Capella de Castello Hayae Wiri|Capella de Castello Hayae Wiri]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hompton Episcopi|Hompton Episcopi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura|Heanoura]] 
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion|Helion]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida|Hida]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hyde Monachorum|Hyde Monachorum]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hope Wilhelmi|Hope Wilhelmi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla|Hulla]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra|Humbra]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Iarpol|Iarpol]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Insula de Winfretone|Insula de Winfretone]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia|Kinardseia]]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia|Langfordia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan|Lann Garan]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui|Lann Iunapui]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu|Lann Loudeu]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Mihangel|Lann Mihangel]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol|Lann Ridol]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulac|Lann Sulac]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu|Lann Sulbiu]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau|Lannguern Teliau]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega|Lega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lena|Lena]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Luda|Luda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega|Lunthelega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lustuna|Lustuna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mira Villa|Mira Villa]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mora de Wydemar|Mora de Wydemar]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Michaelis|Ecclesia Sancti Michaelis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Miclatuna|Miclatuna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Minid Ferdun|Minid Ferdun]] 
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mochros|Mochros]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Monitona|Monitona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mora Canonicorum|Mora Canonicorum]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Morton juxta Lugge|Morton juxta Lugge]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Muneslega|Muneslega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Niwetuna|Niwetuna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Putelega|Putelega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pypa|Pypa]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pypa et Luda|Pypa et Luda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pyonia Regis|Pyonia Regis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pyonia Canonicorum|Pyonia Canonicorum]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Retir|Retir]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Risebiria|Risebiria]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ros|Ros]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Rudeleya|Rudeleya]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus|Salsus Mariscus]]
**[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus/Castellum Salsi Marisci|Castellum Salsi Marisci]]
**[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus/Parcus Castelli Salsi Marisci|Parcus Castelli Salsi Marisci]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sernesfelda|Sernesfelda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stanford Regis|Stanford Regis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stanford Episcopi|Stanford Episcopi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stochtuna|Stochtuna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stoke Prioris|Stoke Prioris]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Strettone juxta Credenhulle|Strettone juxta Credenhulle]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sulftona|Sulftona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sutton Sancti Michaelis|Sutton Sancti Michaelis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sutton Sancti Nicholai|Sutton Sancti Nicholai]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton parva|Tatinton parva]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu|Traradu]]
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu/Traradu Parva|Traradu Parva]]
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu/Traradu Magna|Traradu Magna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Trewyn Capella S. Martini|Trewyn Capella S. Martini]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Treyloghe de Wormbrugge|Treyloghe de Wormbrugge]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Titellega|Titellega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Triueline|Triueline]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Upton Episcopi|Upton Episcopi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Vallis Stradelie|Vallis Stradelie]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Cair Birran|Villa Cair Birran]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Iudbiu|Villa Iudbiu]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Felton|Villata de Felton]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy et Pirie|Villata de Sapy et Pirie]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa de Bleez|Villa de Bleez]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa de Wynestune|Villa de Wynestune]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Radulphi|Villa Radulphi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Walintona|Walintona]]
** [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Walintona/Mariscus de Walintona|Mariscus de Walintona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wavertona|Wavertona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Webbeley Burgus|Webbeley Burgus]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Weston super Fromey|Weston super Fromey]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wigmore Burgus|Wigmore Burgus]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wiltona|Wiltona]]</text>
      <sha1>p7xaew0j2kjpm5umatd1p1hoy2ezknr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lustuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3281</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9144</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:49:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Luston''  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Luston''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ekm3j0gp6emarmcx7t6efibw20rjk71</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mira Villa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9146</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-12T22:59:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Merryvale''.  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Merryvale''.

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>rkwn29uo1nive8q7z1xg9e69scajtes</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/A/Aurea Vallis, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3283</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis" />
    <revision>
      <id>9148</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T09:48:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/A/Aurea Vallis, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Aurea Vallis]]</text>
      <sha1>dww33me640hx73mo8q6vk6h0oaya9yo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Bedefons, Londinium Maius</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3284</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons" />
    <revision>
      <id>10130</id>
      <parentid>9151</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons]]</text>
      <sha1>p7xl34cvw17kg7gdfnyz0ks90olo559</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3285</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9965</id>
      <parentid>9963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T20:07:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="506" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Greater London''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/175342 OSM]


* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis|Bedefons Occidentalis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons|Bedefons]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Croydonia|Croydonia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Opus Australis|Opus Australis]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Wimbledonia| Wimbledonia]]</text>
      <sha1>fn04l82qxbgxdg92m6mvoj8zeb4a3sk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3286</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10025</id>
      <parentid>9576</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-11-11T17:52:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="973" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Essex''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/62162 OSM]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna|Berlesduna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica|Billerica]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Boscus Arsus|Boscus Arsus]]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna|Hallingberia Magna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva|Hallingberia Parva]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna|Kelintuna]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Magna Raines|Magna Raines]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Nutlea Nigra|Nutlea Nigra]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Pudesheia|Pudesheia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega|Raelega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Wateleia Parva|Wateleia Parva]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Wateleia Magna|Wateleia Magna]]</text>
      <sha1>1rxg59e6jpl54kxb2dtoc54acfjzkqh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons, Londinium Maius</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3287</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons" />
    <revision>
      <id>9159</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:21:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons, Londinium Maius]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons]]</text>
      <sha1>p7xl34cvw17kg7gdfnyz0ks90olo559</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Bedefons Occidentalis, Londinium Maius</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3288</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis" />
    <revision>
      <id>9161</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:22:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Bedefons Occidentalis, Londinium Maius]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Bedefons Occidentalis]]</text>
      <sha1>jeyfdhnnnmqb9z26210wmeuk63nx4yp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3289</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9500</id>
      <parentid>9497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T00:37:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1681" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Warwickshire''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/57516 Warwicensis comitatus OSM]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona|Bissopsdona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona|Cestertona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum|Castrum]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota|Cota]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona|Edrichestona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda|Fulreda]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons|Longus Pons]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga| Mapelberga]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia|Molkeleia]], [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia|Boscus de Molkeleia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene|Milcote super Avene]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia|Ouresleia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Parva Cestertona|Parva Cestertona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia|Pineleia]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford|Pons de Tackford]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi|Tachbrook Episcopi]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona|Waltona]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau|Wudelau]]</text>
      <sha1>b9qagx3nj9tmn3gkemidm9up7ty6qod</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Bissopsdona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3290</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10131</id>
      <parentid>9166</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</text>
      <sha1>9bmqjghcjyl2iowrrme5m3alnnlus8r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumWarwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3291</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona" />
    <revision>
      <id>9168</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:27:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumWarwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Bissopsdona]]</text>
      <sha1>9bmqjghcjyl2iowrrme5m3alnnlus8r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Butteleia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3292</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Butteleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9170</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T10:29:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/B/Butteleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Butteleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Butteleia]]</text>
      <sha1>navqkwm51no356bf30y0r3ksmyx2ov9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Caradocia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3293</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9181</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:20:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Caradocia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Caradocia]]</text>
      <sha1>q925qzq7yapgs75r14nqudd30ymoah8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Capella de Llanvayre, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3294</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre" />
    <revision>
      <id>9183</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:20:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Capella de Llanvayre, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="94" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Llanvayre]]</text>
      <sha1>5z63nj8g1jf3ypue2b8jj2ddut0unze</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Castrum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3295</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum" />
    <revision>
      <id>10132</id>
      <parentid>9185</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</text>
      <sha1>067y9p3vrxo6tt3d9uld27k3fxg5u4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Cestertona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3296</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona" />
    <revision>
      <id>10133</id>
      <parentid>9187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona]]</text>
      <sha1>ji89x8zbmesz4qwud1wzm66k7gqne3y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3297</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum" />
    <revision>
      <id>10128</id>
      <parentid>9189</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:01:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</text>
      <sha1>067y9p3vrxo6tt3d9uld27k3fxg5u4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Clifton ultra Tamedam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3298</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam" />
    <revision>
      <id>9191</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:23:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Clifton ultra Tamedam]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Clifton ultra Tamedam]]</text>
      <sha1>6pr8guu4dd5vommhu1ylr16srzvq0uq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Cota</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3299</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota" />
    <revision>
      <id>10134</id>
      <parentid>9193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:02:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota]]</text>
      <sha1>7n1eo78f3ey9twzk0bxu1as7b23ug8z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cota</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3300</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota" />
    <revision>
      <id>9195</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:25:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cota]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cota]]</text>
      <sha1>7n1eo78f3ey9twzk0bxu1as7b23ug8z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cestertona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3301</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona" />
    <revision>
      <id>9197</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:25:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Cestertona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Cestertona]]</text>
      <sha1>ji89x8zbmesz4qwud1wzm66k7gqne3y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Cuer, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3302</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer" />
    <revision>
      <id>9203</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:28:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/C/Cuer, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Cuer]]</text>
      <sha1>0ae5lw6ayjamlvn6on2pbnpi2es8i1w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Edrichestona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3303</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona" />
    <revision>
      <id>9208</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:32:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Edrichestona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Edrichestona]]</text>
      <sha1>5yqtakkijhq0ursdzq1zg4eqcs947t2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3304</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri" />
    <revision>
      <id>9212</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:33:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Kenedri]]</text>
      <sha1>9me5rb49trh8kwyyx0nskt363smo8oq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3305</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne" />
    <revision>
      <id>9214</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:33:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancte Keyne]]</text>
      <sha1>fozus8dhk89ztopizebyhca3wsr3olm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia de Lastres</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3306</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres" />
    <revision>
      <id>9216</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:34:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/E/Ecclesia de Lastres]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Lastres]]</text>
      <sha1>95hqgdpibgjc8eqjjmr9gy27orzvsjs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Fulreda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3307</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda" />
    <revision>
      <id>9226</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:44:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Fulreda]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Fulreda]]</text>
      <sha1>bxcc0k78zf3xtq0rtmsgb7evhbmcfdn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Magna, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3308</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna" />
    <revision>
      <id>10139</id>
      <parentid>9229</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</text>
      <sha1>r8gy2uznmlv3956q4g5orcy9ec1pqgl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Parva, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3309</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva" />
    <revision>
      <id>9231</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:46:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hallingberia Parva, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Parva]]</text>
      <sha1>pcuu2it4lvgry2gyxt4awc0ihcfp00u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3310</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna" />
    <revision>
      <id>9233</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:46:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Hallingberia Magna]]</text>
      <sha1>r8gy2uznmlv3956q4g5orcy9ec1pqgl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Heanoura, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3311</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura" />
    <revision>
      <id>9237</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Heanoura, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Heanoura]]</text>
      <sha1>tfq9mfm6ggr9n6xq3crqcnui0jqvu3i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Helion, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3312</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion" />
    <revision>
      <id>9239</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Helion, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Helion]]</text>
      <sha1>1p02ajjvhi0jmrlomx5crj6qylot14f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hida, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3313</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida" />
    <revision>
      <id>9241</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:48:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hida, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hida]]</text>
      <sha1>lpjrs01t4k339mnj54m9nl5r4olo9d7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hulla, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3314</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla" />
    <revision>
      <id>9243</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:49:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Hulla, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hulla]]</text>
      <sha1>35sx114hhfmgknq81qqz88oh75vugok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/H/Humbra, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3315</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra" />
    <revision>
      <id>10141</id>
      <parentid>9245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra]]</text>
      <sha1>mgm56dgkfqqyvtj63aljgumvj7fjdz7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/v/Humbra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3316</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra" />
    <revision>
      <id>9248</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:50:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/v/Humbra]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Humbra]]</text>
      <sha1>mgm56dgkfqqyvtj63aljgumvj7fjdz7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Forda, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3317</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda" />
    <revision>
      <id>10137</id>
      <parentid>9252</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:03:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</text>
      <sha1>79d2rz96fe5gid7j5j7epnk06lwhqgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3318</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9263</id>
      <parentid>9256</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:57:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="154" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Shropshire''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/167060 OSM]


* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda|Forda]]</text>
      <sha1>fvfv58odpq3jhxxn9muxhmkqcbrm07n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Forda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3319</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda" />
    <revision>
      <id>10129</id>
      <parentid>9258</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:01:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</text>
      <sha1>79d2rz96fe5gid7j5j7epnk06lwhqgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopia comiatus/Forda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3320</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda" />
    <revision>
      <id>10156</id>
      <parentid>9260</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</text>
      <sha1>79d2rz96fe5gid7j5j7epnk06lwhqgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopia comitatus/Forda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3321</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda" />
    <revision>
      <id>9262</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T11:56:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopia comitatus/Forda]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Salopiensis comitatus/Forda]]</text>
      <sha1>79d2rz96fe5gid7j5j7epnk06lwhqgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K/Kelintuna, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3322</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna" />
    <revision>
      <id>9265</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:17:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K/Kelintuna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Kelintuna]]</text>
      <sha1>t4u7kvniwcoo9ju4771mv4wbcbn5nmd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/K/Kinardseia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3323</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10143</id>
      <parentid>9268</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</text>
      <sha1>q6vo5839xk6p67nqz4dmfoswma4cqv2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordensis comitatus/Kinardseia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3325</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10127</id>
      <parentid>9272</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:01:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</text>
      <sha1>q6vo5839xk6p67nqz4dmfoswma4cqv2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis comitatus/Kinardseia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3326</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9275</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:21:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis comitatus/Kinardseia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Kinardseia]]</text>
      <sha1>q6vo5839xk6p67nqz4dmfoswma4cqv2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Longus Pons</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3327</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons" />
    <revision>
      <id>9278</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:24:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Longus Pons]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Longus Pons]]</text>
      <sha1>ba0z3c9as0lkglyl5traknffm1pmkum</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Mapelberga, Wigorniensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3328</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10150</id>
      <parentid>9282</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:05:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Mapelberga, Wigorniensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3329</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10163</id>
      <parentid>9344</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:07:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3330</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9967</id>
      <parentid>9655</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T14:05:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="337" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Worcestershire''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/57581 OSM]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Bellus Locus|Bellus Locus]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Bordeslega|Bordeslega]]
* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Prielea|Prielea]]</text>
      <sha1>i0wkyepm2qayserekl7h0hkdfz6baea</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Mapelberga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3331</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10162</id>
      <parentid>9342</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:07:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comtitatus/Mapelberga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3332</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>9292</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:30:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comtitatus/Mapelberga]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Wignorniensis comtitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3333</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus" />
    <revision>
      <id>10167</id>
      <parentid>9295</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:08:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="71" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
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      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
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    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Wignorniensis comtitatus/Mapelberga, Wigorniensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3335</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga" />
    <revision>
      <id>10169</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus" />
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="71" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>10165</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona" />
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:38:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Middeltona, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="67" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Middeltona]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:39:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Milcote super Avene]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="90" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Milcote super Avene]]</text>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10152</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
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      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia]]</text>
      <sha1>hbynrja5930l8lafy5poxzxp32cnu2x</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:41:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/M/Molkeleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia]]</text>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9320</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:43:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Molkeleia/Boscus de Molkeleia]]</text>
      <sha1>hbynrja5930l8lafy5poxzxp32cnu2x</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:46:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/O/Ouresleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Ouresleia]]</text>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9328</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:50:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Parvus Campus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus]]</text>
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    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>9403</id>
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      <contributor>
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      <text bytes="262" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Lincolnshire''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1916530 OSM]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Parvus Campus|Parvus Campus]]

* [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Croylandia|Croylandia]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:53:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Parva Cestertona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Parva Cestertona]]</comment>
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    <revision>
      <id>9336</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:54:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pineleia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pineleia]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Prielea]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Prielea]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Prielea]]</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3350</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9341</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:57:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vignorniensis comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="71" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus]]</text>
      <sha1>4ydtr3hf2t2bem4hbds2jtjwvrwaak7</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>9345</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Mapelberga]]</text>
      <sha1>t8q9wmtns0cl9531cqajb54etbhv9bb</sha1>
    </revision>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford" />
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:58:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pons de Tackford]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="87" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Pons de Tackford]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>9351</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T14:59:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/P/Pudesheia, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Pudesheia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Pudesheia]]</text>
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  <page>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3355</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega" />
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:00:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/R/Raelega, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Raelega]]</text>
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  <page>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi" />
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:02:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/T/Tachbrook Episcopi]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="89" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Tachbrook Episcopi]]</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3357</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona" />
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/W/Waltona]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Waltona]]</text>
      <sha1>8zmd7dsjffj65f81ldw3wa4p63sm4l5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/Wudelau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3358</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau" />
    <revision>
      <id>9363</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:04:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/Wudelau]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Wudelau]]</text>
      <sha1>aj6p7ak3ftgg7wcomg8mm5f9rmdyt3s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Foxleia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3359</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9367</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T15:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Foxleia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Foxleia]]</text>
      <sha1>qlwboyilumlh3xvi7dkttqmqy0gu5hi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Filileia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3360</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9370</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:15:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Filileia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Filileia]]</text>
      <sha1>7699le1anvim0lel03b30u53d0nqlgp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Canonicorum, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3361</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum" />
    <revision>
      <id>9372</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:16:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Canonicorum, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="91" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Canonicorum]]</text>
      <sha1>b05lv9zol5suqlneyyhfqvxu39n2210</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Castri, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3362</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri" />
    <revision>
      <id>9374</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:16:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Castri, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Castri]]</text>
      <sha1>33z7m1ijyspqkeiex6q859r5oera07z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Episcopi, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3363</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi" />
    <revision>
      <id>9376</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:17:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Episcopi, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Episcopi]]</text>
      <sha1>15n87cvcdzhnr3p2v03kkfyd2dh6wg7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Prioris, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3364</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris" />
    <revision>
      <id>9378</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/F/Froma Prioris, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="87" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Froma Prioris]]</text>
      <sha1>ilhme1b7r38repkpwf3sft5g43fhdv1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Langfordia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3365</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia" />
    <revision>
      <id>10145</id>
      <parentid>9380</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:04:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]]</text>
      <sha1>n5wt3sqtxmhl953rxrzo3bf3mu972jg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Garan, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3366</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan" />
    <revision>
      <id>9382</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:21:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Garan, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Garan]]</text>
      <sha1>lo2j74jvauxx3u687me8reo8mzeqp9k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Iunapui, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3367</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui" />
    <revision>
      <id>9384</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:21:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Iunapui, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Iunapui]]</text>
      <sha1>h0pdbl9x8kogvt8m0evcjmet1klkq8e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Loudeu, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3368</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu" />
    <revision>
      <id>9386</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Loudeu, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Loudeu]]</text>
      <sha1>7asj4dalrghfu1pmvticfgg0iutpzlo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Ridol, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3369</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol" />
    <revision>
      <id>9388</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Ridol, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Ridol]]</text>
      <sha1>9rri5v499kwvr3g6q23rwjlthc3x1m4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Sulbiu, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3370</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu" />
    <revision>
      <id>9390</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:22:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lann Sulbiu, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulbiu]]</text>
      <sha1>kw1hsbu5fjrp00rt9z063otysrvj3zf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lannguern Teliau, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3371</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau" />
    <revision>
      <id>9392</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:23:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lannguern Teliau, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="90" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lannguern Teliau]]</text>
      <sha1>p3d3t9tsvl6y9ex76mie8lbbarposth</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lega, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3372</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega" />
    <revision>
      <id>9394</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:25:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lega, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lega]]</text>
      <sha1>f8mjxvjt2zr86aifr5lqfmwz4ndnh1w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lunthelega, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3373</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega" />
    <revision>
      <id>9396</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:26:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Minora/L/Lunthelega, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lunthelega]]</text>
      <sha1>o41uy2zsjs6nmoj52zy5ih1sj3hgx4a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumHerefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3374</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9400</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:30:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae TopographicumHerefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Langfordia]]</text>
      <sha1>n5wt3sqtxmhl953rxrzo3bf3mu972jg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Lincolniensis comitatus/Croylandia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3375</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9405</id>
      <parentid>9404</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T16:45:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="213" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Crowland''* &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.philological.bham.ac.uk/cambrit/lincslat.html#lincs Lincolnshire]&quot; in {{Camden Britannia}} {{Ling|Latine|Anglice}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/27161651 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ga73zqvl1mr89aj1qfnb7y0xdu9l0o9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Michaelis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3376</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9408</id>
      <parentid>9407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T17:43:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Michaelchurch''.

Nomen Latinum 1291, 1341.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/7059889463 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>6b3l4ebdzbu7jevx2lstbxqmikk1ih1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Miclatuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3377</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9411</id>
      <parentid>9410</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T17:49:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Middletuna''.

Nomen Latinum 1123. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6186228 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>2gpgbgn1cg17os3za42vfm4fm9574lz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mochros</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3378</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9414</id>
      <parentid>9413</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T17:55:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Moccas''.

Nomen Latinum 1130. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6306720 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hh9kgmzibt1nl6mo89uhu0k9jf698d4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Minid Ferdun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9418</id>
      <parentid>9417</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:04:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="167" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Money Farthing Hill'' sive ''Mynydd Ferddin''; Cambrice ''Mynydd Fferddun''.

Nomen Latinum circa 1130.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/355206298 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>sev6rtnhq00otkrf73yokxfis0w3j2y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3380</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9420</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:07:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Monkland''.  Nomen Latine 1123 (Leena).  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254781099 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="103" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Monkland''.

Nomen Latine 1123 (Leena).

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254781099 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>o73k1mh879ngw8709102fw1dqgisf89</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Monitona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3381</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9423</id>
      <parentid>9422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:13:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="110" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Monnington on Wye''

Nomen Latinum circa 1150. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29271427 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>4rp675mayvv9wvpqomvtcc2er17unit</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mora Canonicorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3382</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9426</id>
      <parentid>9425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:18:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="131" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Canon More'', Herefordia.

Nomen Latinum 1291.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/10305272 OSM] (''Canonmore Street'')</text>
      <sha1>34iyuq4p290xwn58cmfz66b1beioydy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Morton juxta Lugge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3383</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9429</id>
      <parentid>9428</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:25:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="133" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Moreton on Lugg''

Nomen Latinum 1291, 1341. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1233494949#map=13/52.1074/-2.7252 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r9nd9hqeu52apvbdu7uilinvciq3wrs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Muneslega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9432</id>
      <parentid>9431</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:28:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Munsley''.

Nomen Latinum 1173. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6300459 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>szdkrdtjr8z75pojpamz9qak24gd5vz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Niwetuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9434</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:36:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Newtown''.  Nomen Latinum 1123.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=15/52.2146/-2.7713 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Newtown''.

Nomen Latinum 1123.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=15/52.2146/-2.7713 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>t3bpv1wduwbpbgyvm7hbtszgxta3or4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Petri in Straddel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3386</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9437</id>
      <parentid>9436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:43:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Peterchurch.''

Nomen Latinum 1291.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2335276787 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>l7h51rx58yspzyd2rupxxse465a17cp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pypa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3387</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9439</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T18:53:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Pipe'', ''Pipe and Lyde''.  Nomen Latinum 1291.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6317823 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="113" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Pipe'', ''Pipe and Lyde''.

Nomen Latinum 1291.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6317823 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3ddesrb70x2hntdlpzoscyhotmvwzip</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pypa et Luda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3388</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9477</id>
      <parentid>9442</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T21:22:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="263" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Pipe and Lyde''.

Nomina Latina, vide ''[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pypa|Pypa]]'' et ''[[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Luda|Luda]]''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6317823 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>k5xofx5wce8oqdhvr8zcd8vtirukeql</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Petrestowe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3389</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9446</id>
      <parentid>9445</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T19:03:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="124" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Peterstow'', Cambrice ''Llanbedr''.

Sive ''Lann Petyr''. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6259319 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>dqdf3911mejp7xjo67pj4b7611eyqpx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Burgus de Ploufeld</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3390</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9448</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T19:10:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Ploughfield''  Nomen Latinum 1273.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.0674/-2.8990 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Ploughfield''

Nomen Latinum 1273.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.0674/-2.8990 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ge0z87ptpuaovoz119tnb1unqjrbybu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Putelega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3391</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9450</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T19:15:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Putley''.  Nomen Latinum circa 1180.  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="56" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Putley''.

Nomen Latinum circa 1180.

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>54vpgqahciloamzw4sfopv7e3mgryd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pyonia Regis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3392</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9455</id>
      <parentid>9453</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T19:21:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="102" xml:space="preserve">Anglce ''Kings Pyon''

Nomen Latium 1291, 1341.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8283868288 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3sx34pvwg7c6xeembd33tn69jc3rnxj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Pyonia Canonicorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3393</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9457</id>
      <parentid>9456</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T19:21:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Canon Pyon''

Nomen Latinum 1291, 1341.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1233500762 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>b7xveznno2s3jfincs8yzsojcbzlnv1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum Ricardi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3394</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9463</id>
      <parentid>9460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T20:26:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="141" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Richard's Castle''.

Nomen Latinum 1291, 1341 (''Ecclesia de Castro Ricardi'')

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/96040402 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>tb1rps26c905ia2pn95s57dgsnosb86</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castellum Ricardi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3395</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum Ricardi" />
    <revision>
      <id>9461</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T20:25:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castellum Ricardi]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum Ricardi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="89" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Castrum Ricardi]]</text>
      <sha1>6osm02orf3zmy8tmx7hpfz71qtqqbqx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Risebiria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3396</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9466</id>
      <parentid>9465</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T20:30:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Risbury''

Nomen Latinum 1123. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3255706384 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>95b3rnzoqfx8quyqn4rm9m9vsw22x0v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Rudeleya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3397</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9469</id>
      <parentid>9468</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T20:35:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17" xml:space="preserve">Angice ''Rodds''.</text>
      <sha1>8s5ps1j77cw9rsp5v0w5bjxgrtfp1hg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ros</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3398</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9610</id>
      <parentid>9471</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T12:54:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="127" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Ross on Wye'', Cambrice ''Rhosan ar Wy''.

Nomen Latinum 1148.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3361886125 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>cq41c2wvtc3na8gornw8n6qkxc84xf3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Radulphi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9473</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T20:46:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Rowlestone'' sive ''Rowlstone''  Nomen Latinum 1291.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29429427 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="115" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Rowlestone'' sive ''Rowlstone''

Nomen Latinum 1291.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29429427 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>8e55i2h4a6sehpe9fordc9zzn1rpgmz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Dubricii</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3400</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9602</id>
      <parentid>9476</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T19:42:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''St Devereux.''

Nomen Latinum 1291. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/603452178 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>f6grzq9edeo4wip0v7kgfkstsls4kdp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Warnardi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3401</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9484</id>
      <parentid>9483</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T22:28:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="276" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''St Weonards'', Cambrice ''Llansainwenarth'', sive Latine ''Lann Sant Guainerth'' circa 1130.

Nomen Latinum circa 1150 (Ecclesia Sancti Wenarch), 1291 (Ecclesia Sancti Waynard), 1330 (Ecclesia Sancti Warnardi).

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6258975 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>f1p3accv7aybf727gw6yh2u47ok9xhx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Wenarch</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3402</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Warnardi" />
    <revision>
      <id>9482</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-13T21:30:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Wenarch]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Warnardi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia Sancti Warnardi]]</text>
      <sha1>q0tucj3p7kzimwwb1fl96r9r45q0n8b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Castrum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3403</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum" />
    <revision>
      <id>9499</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T00:37:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis Comitatus/Castrum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Warwicensis comitatus/Castrum]]</text>
      <sha1>067y9p3vrxo6tt3d9uld27k3fxg5u4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ecclesia de Albo Monasterio</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3404</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9503</id>
      <parentid>9502</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T11:44:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="131" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Whitchurch'', Cambrice ''Llandywynnog''.

Nomen Latinum 1291, 1341.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/490265554 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>pc0rdh45yqztuwr8x71h0nxmbpxo7eb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hyde Monachorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3405</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9507</id>
      <parentid>9506</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T11:50:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Monkhide''.

Nomen Latinum 1356.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/621176629 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>fmy7joqnu9oi1zbk364h7v9rdxs7s1l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Capella de Hyda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9509</id>
      <parentid>9508</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T11:54:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="99" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Westhide''.

Nomen Latinum 1291. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6318099 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>54yge2c7v4sxpb2r6r32lxaz5uldvx1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3407</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9512</id>
      <parentid>9511</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T12:54:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="148" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Urishay''.

Nomen Latinum 1243 (Haya Hurri, Haya Wiri), 1300 (Hayeurri). 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=17/52.03196/-2.99389 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>p8ioafrrlbdvjwnqgh9uja7dxdftv11</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri/Capella de Castello Hayae Wiri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3408</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9517</id>
      <parentid>9514</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:05:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="91" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Chapel of Urishay Castle''. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/767997300 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>tcj0ajkyvfnh93zi6to7j15yi57yeje</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Haya Wiri/Castellum Hayae Wiri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9516</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:03:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Urishay Castle''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/767997301 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Urishay Castle''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/767997301 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>83i6dpjdqnw6cs9r5f72i4bywwtt3r6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hope Wilhelmi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3410</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9521</id>
      <parentid>9520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:13:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="140" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Woolhope''; sive ''Oppa''.

Nomen Latinum 1219 (Oppa), 1291 (Hope Wilhelmi).

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/264608460 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r159ke6opaq4i8v8lk9s2qzy0v4um6r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gatredehopa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3411</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9524</id>
      <parentid>9523</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:18:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="166" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Gattertop'' sive ''Gater Top''.

Nomen Latinum 1123. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=52.181138&amp;mlon=-2.759813&amp;zoom=11#map=18/52.18114/-2.75981 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>kdkufpixdssrz9l0d8ukekaaakpnemy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Hompton Episcopi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3412</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9526</id>
      <parentid>9525</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:28:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="102" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''hampton Bishop''.

Nomen Latinum 1291.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/255558987 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>pifotkp7gvcjdwb1capeato6m9qo4pw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Iarpol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3413</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9528</id>
      <parentid>9527</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:31:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Yarpole''.

Nomen Latinum 1086. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/33343783 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qcwjrvlxnhg0qvxkh51l2ggs9sftvyq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Insula de Winfretone</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3414</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9530</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T13:34:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Winforton''.  Nomen Latinum 1304  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29271445 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Winforton''.

Nomen Latinum 1304

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29271445 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>py97f7zvroaew00pgzhqirh0yzbtyd5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3415</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9532</id>
      <parentid>9531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T14:18:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="118" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Saltmarshe''.

Nomen Latinum circa 1200, 1347

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/52.2179/-2.4795 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qh3wih3790yjro8pfpanm8hzej2hxla</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus/Parcus Castelli Salsi Marisci</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3416</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9593</id>
      <parentid>9534</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:59:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="87" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Saltmarsh Castle Park''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/158247933 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>2nbshcpa1jzni3c5z35hshqfpkx0fr9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Loges/Gedesfenna Loges et Salsus Mariscus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3417</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9539</id>
      <parentid>9537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T14:46:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Edvin Loach and Saltmarshe''. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6169923 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>hubm0zuhsi6dgtdtjt3ehmerqvhxnx3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Loges</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3418</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9538</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T14:43:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Edvin Loach''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/585124794#map=14/52.2226/-2.4971 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Edvin Loach''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/585124794#map=14/52.2226/-2.4971 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>2jrxstrw3fynw6v27anrywbhzega2s8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Gedesfenna Radulphi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3419</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9540</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T14:49:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Edwyn Ralph''  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="33" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Edwyn Ralph''

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>d851gsohtdk8f8y7b4r8hmuqi3gyhc9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Sulac</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3420</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9542</id>
      <parentid>9541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T14:52:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Sellack'', Cambrice ''Llansulwg''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/430018673 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>tlvew8ac9jb6v2koh02le6j4w4tawa5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Mora de Wydemar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3421</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9545</id>
      <parentid>9544</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T15:02:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Widemarsh''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8422752816 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>99qnkjj9gwf55z44e313cdfqpxljhpx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sernesfelda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3422</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9547</id>
      <parentid>9546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T15:08:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Sarnesfield''.

Nomen Latinum 1123.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4240255842 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>i5amz3qjnk5ke8z3p1u9auvlwb072au</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stanford Regis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3423</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9548</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:09:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Kings Stanford''.'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Kings Stanford''.</text>
      <sha1>byck4aoirfr0ky20m3wkqnkg0axgelb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stanford Episcopi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3424</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9549</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:09:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Stanford Bishop''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6150857 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Stanford Bishop''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6150857 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ph2j1vfhsfcs57327e202ehfjow8j5z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stoke Prioris</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3425</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9557</id>
      <parentid>9550</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:53:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Stoke Prior''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254727186 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>sqx1atbenwzdzvodlto7jc544wne6xc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Lann Mihangel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9553</id>
      <parentid>9552</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:18:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Michaelchurch'', Cambrice ''Llanfihangel''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/7059889463 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3rpoyqbbb2dsqnj5pu7ne4lqssoc9bu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Retir</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3427</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9555</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:34:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Tretire''.  Nomen Latinum 1277.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4213540840 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Tretire''.

Nomen Latinum 1277.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4213540840 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7vey5xelv7b907ynwi046haz1wsdlck</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Stochtuna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9556</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:43:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Stockton''.  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Stockton''.

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>mdyhyk8g8k9xwcwkw8axudc5q3tv79d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Upton Episcopi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3429</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9559</id>
      <parentid>9558</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T16:58:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="123" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Upton Bishop''.

Nomen Latinum 1341.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/249627718#map=13/51.9411/-2.5029 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>foamghwu447x9nrr4a3kv4f8lwi1m99</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Strettone juxta Credenhulle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3430</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9562</id>
      <parentid>9561</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:03:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="128" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Stretton Sugwas''.

Nomen Latinum 1294. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1233488682#map=13/52.0785/-2.7835 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>8116ebppeo54hjp2uwppe7pg9rwxnql</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/L/Ledburia, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3431</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia" />
    <revision>
      <id>9565</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:08:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/L/Ledburia, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Ledburia]]</text>
      <sha1>5t08pmtzzev5m6s69v98ju8fr811i5c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Berlesduna, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3432</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna" />
    <revision>
      <id>9568</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:10:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Berlesduna, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Berlesduna]]</text>
      <sha1>nt2lu9r9ly7mu7hwq2nyt9xp2g8b2r3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Billerica, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3433</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica" />
    <revision>
      <id>9571</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:11:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Billerica, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Billerica]]</text>
      <sha1>7doi4m0n8ec2ibm21vehc2tw7bqso8k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Boscus Arsus, Essexia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3434</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Boscus Arsus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9574</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:12:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/B/Boscus Arsus, Essexia]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Boscus Arsus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Boscus Arsus]]</text>
      <sha1>0a21ocd6qn9o88k1p45tq65qla1yhfv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/Leministria, Herefordiensis Comitatus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3435</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria" />
    <revision>
      <id>9578</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:14:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Nomina Urbium et Oppidorum/Leministria, Herefordiensis Comitatus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Leministria]]</text>
      <sha1>rcrpoandyo3axaxuto808hcfs5okyav</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Herefordia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3436</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9582</id>
      <parentid>9581</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:17:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Hereford''. 

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/21280555 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>go5s9ltoor7171aufy70tfm6urjnxzh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sulftona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3437</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9583</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:40:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Sufton''.'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Sufton''.</text>
      <sha1>ldjd00ypi1eenli0tcb2nordqbv1gke</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sutton Sancti Michaelis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3438</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9587</id>
      <parentid>9584</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:54:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Sutton St Michael''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8423183784 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7ru6n8qur63x5g234gmk50t3yao2t59</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Sutton Sancti Nicholai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3439</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9588</id>
      <parentid>9586</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:54:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Sutton St Nicholas''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1233494952 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>k8et7lxfeojskvjnx6e5hghob56zgpa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton Parva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9592</id>
      <parentid>9590</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:58:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Tarrington''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/267232993#map=13/52.0639/-2.5594 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qftjtldgmzkewkh6s7slulkhe5o6mcd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton parva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3441</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton Parva" />
    <revision>
      <id>9591</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T17:56:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton parva]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton Parva]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Tatinton Parva]]</text>
      <sha1>n023bkfgjkyau25wmyl362qxk4n6rfw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Titellega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3442</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9595</id>
      <parentid>9594</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T19:09:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Titley''.

Nomen Latinum 1123.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/29272320 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>py7uzappgcivuynn05maws5y5vegmjb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Treyloghe de Wormbrugge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3443</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9603</id>
      <parentid>9596</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T08:51:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="90" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Trelough''

Nomen Latinum

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8423401254 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>jq80nh6i37vh36hvzbag4o790s2d7i2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Triueline</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9601</id>
      <parentid>9600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-14T19:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="137" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Treville'', Cambrice ''Trefelin''.

Nomen Latinum 1086; ''Trivel'' 1160.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8423445470 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>m7e6b01sq0kqcicqsi4zvit57si0erl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9653</id>
      <parentid>9605</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-21T01:17:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="120" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Treaddow''.

Nomen Latinum 1222.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8425331502#map=16/51.9136/-2.6700 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>r5zkzioallo78nd7rv9j4vhn6fwwiom</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu/Traradu Parva</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3446</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9654</id>
      <parentid>9607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-21T01:18:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="83" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Little Treaddow''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8425320295 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qz0em0maczvww5vwqne4cfiwxwkjcyi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Traradu/Traradu Magna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3447</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9608</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T12:18:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Great Treaddow''.  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Great Treaddow''.

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>q3kzjuh4o67ncspbr4h6c7yw1ba3kuh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromiard</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3448</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9672</id>
      <parentid>9617</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-05-04T13:33:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="128" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bromyard''.

Nomen Latinum 1160.

Sive ''Bromyerd intrincecum''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/255428578 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>95zb95vydc4r5y9lrmhq67jj2kqxycq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromyerd intrincecum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3449</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromiard" />
    <revision>
      <id>9616</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:05:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromyerd intrincecum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromiard]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Bromiard]]</text>
      <sha1>8inou9zcd5361nuf385i8b4le9gk0ew</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Felton</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3450</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9621</id>
      <parentid>9620</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:10:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="46" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Felton''.

* [Villata de Felton OSM]</text>
      <sha1>nbjlusn0thprupdxzmxip3wnsch70j2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3451</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9625</id>
      <parentid>9623</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:14:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="148" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Upper Sapey''.

Nomen Latinum (Villata de Sapy et Pirie) 1304.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/96126816#map=14/52.2582/-2.4574 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>f9745cw33sve5kepf7iss3lelwflwh6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy et Pirie</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3452</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy" />
    <revision>
      <id>9624</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:14:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy et Pirie]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="89" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villata de Sapy]]</text>
      <sha1>au1mqtp07t0qd9evk8mcd15y8arnfm8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Walintona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3453</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9627</id>
      <parentid>9626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:17:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wellington''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1233501934#map=13/52.1300/-2.7407 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>61pckffyizotn2w80zas2lnm2fv67jy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Walintona/Mariscus de Walintona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3454</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9629</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:18:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Wellington Marsch''.  * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="40" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wellington Marsch''.

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5t2gm18y95v1cxfml8al4b6boizsc34</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wavertona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9632</id>
      <parentid>9631</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:26:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wharton''.

Nomen Latinum 1123.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/4901956050 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3ie0ymvjyxhda1i7pxcx52ioc5789yz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Webbeley Burgus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3456</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9633</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:30:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254781494 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" xml:space="preserve">
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/254781494 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>1gfwfc4gu7ohehglp2wnmk9o5m7f4uy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Weston super Fromey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3457</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9634</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:32:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Weston Beggard.'''</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Weston Beggard.''</text>
      <sha1>kqb7wbik56m8zohs8u3xlkigx7cy27c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wigmore Burgus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9635</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:41:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Wigmore''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1374300398 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wigmore''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1374300398 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>paxd6gq4ubrpaap7kgty1igf53pmjnq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Wiltona</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9636</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:43:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Wilton'.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3301661846 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wilton'.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3301661846 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>0n9w1h6klqe5yc80bpv0gv26svhlwxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Iudbiu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3460</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9638</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:48:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Treaddow''.   * [ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Treaddow''. 

* [ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>huyagv7r8hz217ou5xq1jzm81543u5p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa Cair Birran</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3461</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9639</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T18:53:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Treberran''.'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Treberran''.</text>
      <sha1>i2h8cuimkp7yo2pgt2cry3mlqr4i2q9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa de Bleez</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3462</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9641</id>
      <parentid>9640</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T19:03:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Stoke Bliss.''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1875307 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7bgffegc6pfrvlc22pfevmatg2unijx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Villa de Wynestune</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3463</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9642</id>
      <timestamp>2021-02-15T19:04:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Non extat.'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10" xml:space="preserve">Non extat.</text>
      <sha1>nwlhq0jqvbasz1qidmnafy0i3sngm8t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Herefordiensis Comitatus/Salsus Mariscus/Castellum Salsi Marisci</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3464</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9651</id>
      <parentid>9650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-17T20:21:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="521" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Saltmarshe Castle''.

** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26527765 Casa Septentrionalis Castelli Salsi Marisci North Lodge Of Saltmarshe Castle]
** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26527766 Turricula Muri Hortis Castelli Salsi Marisci Garden Wall Turret At Saltmarshe Castle]
** [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26527653 Casa inter meridiem et orientalis et Portae Castelli Salsi Marisci South East Lodge And Gates At Saltmarshe Castle]

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8422720905#map=16/52.2164/-2.4828 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>k8yfon3i5qe4o8qd0roexzbukrfaqy9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Bordeslega</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3465</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9657</id>
      <parentid>9656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-02-22T21:04:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="137" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bordeseley''.

Nomen Latinum 1138.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/8446575817 OSM]

Place Names of Worcestershire p 365.</text>
      <sha1>f6f4nzyhda4gb173qfm62iisf0dwjha</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Silva Latinae Linguae sive Lexicon Ianuale</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3471</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10190</id>
      <parentid>10189</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-09T19:37:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dr.Viktor.B</username>
        <id>2392</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* S */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="510092" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Sylva Latinae Linguae sive Lexicon Januale.jpg|thumb|Prima Lexici Ianualis pagina]]

==De Hac Editione==

Hoc lexicon a J. A. Comenio in lucem editum est anno 1650 titulo ''Sylva Latinae Linguae sive Lexicon Januale''. Scopus lexici est, ut discipuli facilius intellegant ''Januam Linguarum Reseratam'', librum scholasticum eiusdem auctoris. 

Etiam hodie hoc ''Lexicon Ianuale'' utillimum est discipulis qui student Latine legere, scribere, et loqui. Nam aliter ac in plurimis lexicis, Comenius explanat singula verba in contextu, verbis Latinis, saepe ab eadem radice. Hoc modo fit, ut melius discamus significatum necnon usum verborum.

In hac editione nonnulla mutata sunt, ut discipuli hodierni lexico facilius utantur:

* ''Rationes scribendi'' adaptatae sunt ad usum hodiernum, e.g. scribitur &quot;ianua&quot; loco &quot;janua&quot;, &quot;auctor&quot; loco &quot;author&quot;, etc. Quare nonnumquam opus fuit etiam ordinem vocum mutare.

* ''Forma textūs'' ameliorata est, ut lexicon facilius legatur. Exemplii gratia, verba plene scribuntur neque modo abbreviato, quo Comenius studuit servare chartam.

* Lexicon a frequentibus ''mendis purgatum'' est, quibus libri 17. saeculi scatebant, cum singulae paginae manu componerentur a typographis.

Utinam haec editio nova multis sit usui!

NB: Fundamentum huius editionis est textus in [http://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenaref/comenius.html Operibus Didacticis Omnibus] anno 1657 impressus. Gratias agimus Universitati Manhemiensi, quae textum in formam electronicam convertit et in rete posuit.

==Notae Compendiariae==

Notae compendiariae, quibus Comenius usus est, sunt:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! nota !! significatum
|-
| c. || commune
|-
| dimin. || diminuitivum
|-
| f. || femininum
|-
| freq. || frequentativum
|-
| g. || genus
|-
| h. e. || hoc est
|-
| i. e. || id est
|-
| L. / Lat. || Latinê
|-
| m. || masculinum
|-
| n. || neutrum
|-
| N. || nota
|-
| NB. || nota bene
|-
| plur. || pluralis
|-
| q. e. || quod est
|-
| sc. || scilicet
|-
| v. || vide
|}

==Prooemium Comenii: Erudito Iuventutis Formatori==

Latinum Lexicon Ianuale edidimus antehac, sed prolixius, et minutiis differtius, quam pro tironum usu. Nunc brevius, lucidius, praxique fluidius dare cupientes, haec in compendia adhibuimus.

I. ''Primo'' solas Latinas radices digessimus, inque suos ramos diduximus: extraneis, quae se postea Latinis admiscuerunt, sequestratis, et in aliud tempus dilatis.

II. ''Secundo'', Latinas etiam voces cum suis significationibus non persequimur specialissime, generalioribus, radicis vim retinentibus, interea contenti, donec ad ''Rerum Historiam'' delatis discipulis, quō peculiari sensu hanc illamve vocem accipiant hi vel illi artifices (variant enim) patefiat.

III. ''Tertio'' characteres generum et declinationum in nominibus, coniugationum vero et cardinalium temporum in verbis, omitti posse iudicavimus, cum haec in praemisso Vestibulari Dictionariolo iam indicata sint. Huc autem (ad Classim Syntacticam, h. e. sermonis structuram) admitti nemo, nisi istorum quae necessario circa verba singularia observanda sunt, gnarus, debeat.

''Tandem'', radicum etyma (cum maximam partem Graeca, aliarumve linguarum sint) non adiecimus hîc, sed reiecimus ad classim sequentem, in studii Graecanici initia: ut hîc minus spinarum, ibi plus delectabilis subsidii, haberent ingenia. Ita speramus cursum hunc Latini studii fore pleniorem et amoeniorem.

Ceterum Silva haec Latinarum Vocum habebit suum:

* [[#Aditus ad Latinae Linguae Silvam|Aditum]] 
* [[#Voces ab A Incipientes|Transitum]], per litteras alphabeti XXIII, a quibus vocum themata incipiunt.
* [[#Residuum Lexici Ianualis, Vocum Peregrinarum Ianuae Inspersarum|Exitum]]

NB. Dum haec Amsterdami recuduntur, Hungaricam versionem omittimus, Latina sola damus, compendii causā.

==Aditus ad Latinae Linguae Silvam==

1. Deus creavit mundum, plenum operibus sapientiae.

2. Statuitque hominem in medio creaturarum,

3. ut haberet delectationem contemplando illas, et utendo illis, sermocinandoque de illis.

4. Scopus itaque vitae nostrae, ob quem sumus in mundo, triplex est:

5. ''spectare'' opera Dei;

6. ''discere'' illis uti bene;

7. et ''propagare ad alios'' talem notitiam, ope linguarum.

8. Discimus ergo loqui (unā linguā vel pluribus),

9. ut assequamur ''notitiam rerum''.

10. Notitiam vero quaerimus, ne aberremus ''usu''.

11. Ergo nota bene:

12. ''Linguas scire'', pulchrum est.

13. ''Res ipsas intellegere'', pulchrius.

14. ''Scire utrōque uti'', pulcherrimum.

15. Linguae igitur debent disci, non sine cognitione rerum, sed unā.

16. Discimus vero ista,

17. aut '''usu''' solo (nempe conversando cum intelligentibus, et exercitatis, eloquentibusque)

18. aut '''arte''' certā, ex libris.

19. Prior via bona est, sed ambagiosa, nec semper certa.

20. Neque quilibet potest habere istuc occasiones.

21. Posterior est brevior, et certior, et servit cuilibet.

22. Deducitque nos eō, ut versari queamus cum sapientibus, vivis et mortuis.

23. Bene factum proinde, quod sumus ingressi hanc, Vestibulō Eruditionis.

24. Pergamus quaeso! Experieris certo, fore viam directam, brevem, amoenam.

25. Fiat. Sed quomodo iam?

26. Aeque ''Ianua Linguarum'' (ut ''Vestibulum'') tripartita est:

27. habens ''Historiam'' rerum, et ''Lexicon'' vocum, normamque sermonis ''Grammaticam''.

28. Sed omnia iam plenius:

29. res primarias omnes, in toto mundo;

30. et voces usitatas omnes, ex tota lingua;

31. regulasque principales omnes, totius sermonis.

32. Et tamen omnia haec simpliciter adhuc;

33. non descendendo ad omnes minutias, aut ornamenta.

34. Et quod attende, retrogradō ordine.

35. Nam ubi substitimus in Vestibulo, inde incipiemus ingredi Ianuam, a ''Lexico''.

36. Tum veniemus, per ''Grammaticam'', in ''Textum Historiae''.

37. Imitando sic aedificatores prudentes:

38. qui primo adeunt silvam, ibique caedunt arbores;

39. tum has convehunt in fabricam, asciantque et dolant ad certam mensuram.

40. Demumque aedificant domum, opere facili.

41. En habemus ante nos ''Latineae Linguae Silvam''!

42. Ingrediamur hanc, et spectemus grate, quomodo excrescant e radicibus rami.

43. Tum hos succîdendo ponemus in acervum.

44. Hoc est, componemus voces derivatas, in aliquam rationabilem sermonis texturam,

45. ad facilius intellegendum omnia,

46. firmiusque imprimendum memoriae.

47. Quaedam quidem radices sunt steriles, nihil ex se gignunt.

48. Debent numerari nihilominus tamen.

49. Ut certus sis te vidisse Silvam totam totius linguae.

50. Ut vero haec Silva fieret brevior,

51. scias nos esse usos abbreviaturā certā [nota editoris: non in hac editione], in vocibus derivatis et compositis.

52. Nam radicem ponimus tantummodo semel (nempe loco primō, maiusculis litteris),

53. sed quae repetenda est in derivatis semper, ubicumque videbis transversam lineolam.

54. Disces ergo primum sic ista legere.

55. Mox describes eadem calamō in chartam; explens lacunas, ut textus stet integre.

56. Quem ilico transferes in vernaculum sermonem, ope subiectae ibidem interpretationis.

57. Hoc duplex exercitium (linguae et calami) perutile tibi erit, iucundumque valde.

58. Sic enim edisces, ceu ludibundus, totam linguam.

59. Si et mandaveris memoriae Latinum textum: quia ''ea solum scimus, quae memoriā tenemus''.

60. Incipe in nomine Dei. Dimidium facti, qui bene coepit, habet.

==Voces ab A Incipientes==

AB uno omnia, nempe a Deo, qui abs te requirit obedientiam.

ABECEDE discit abecedarius puer ex abecedario (-um).

ABIES, arbor procerissima, dat abiegna ligna, quae abietarius vendit.

Abigere, v. Agere.

Abicere, v. Iacere.

Ablatus, v. Ferre.

ABOLERE malam rem, bonum est; bonam si abolescere sinis, noxia est abolitio.

Abripere, v. Rapere.

Abruptus, v. Rumpere.

Abscessus, v. Cedere.

Abscidere, v. Caedere.

Absens, v. Esse.

Absilire, v. Salire.

ABSINTHIUM (αψινθιον) et absinthites (-itae, m.) omniaque absinthiata amara sunt.

Abstemius, v. Temetum.

Abstinens, v. Tenere.

Abundare, v. Unda.

Abusus, v. Uti.

Ac, v. Atque, in At.

ACER (-eris, n.) arbor dat acerna ligna.

ACER (vel acris) aceti sapor (acredine suā) urit linguam acriter; sicut et sinapi acrimoniā suā. At equus acer acritate cursūs sese commendat.

Acera, v. Acus, aceris,

ACERBUS sapor acerbat linguam acerbitate suā; sed verba acerbe dicta exacerbant animum.

ACERVUS est, ubi res variae acervantur acervatim, praesertim acervus frumenti. Sed disputator coacervat argumenta in acervalem syllogismum.

ACET quicquid acidum est, et acorem habet; quod demum acescit acidulum dicimus ut sunt acidulae, habentes aquam, sub acidam.

ACETUM asservatur in acetariis vasis; acetaria inferuntur mensae in acetabulo; acetabulum est cavitas in osse; acetosa crescit in pratis.

ACIES est, ubicumque aliquid acutum est, sed diversimode. Nam acies gladii secat; acies hastae perforat; acies oculi pervidet; acies ingenii acute penetrat; acies exercitūs caedit hostem. Vis esse acumen in cultro? Acue illum; vis in hasta? Acumina illam. Quicquid enim valde exacuis peracutum (vel praeacutum) erit.

ACINUS (et acinum) est in fructu bacca externa mollis, vel intus nucleus durus; vel expressus uvae folliculus. Hinc acinosa uva, et duracinus fructus; et acinaceum, vel acinatitium vinum.

Acquirere, v. Quaerere.

Actor, Actio, v. Agere.

ACULEUS est, quō acute pungit carduus, vespa etc., item verba aculeata.

ACUS (-i, m.), acuto rostro piscis.

ACUS (-ūs, f.) acutum ferramentum, ad traiciendum acias, h. e. fila, dum vestem consuimus, aut connectimus aciculis, h. e. aculis (vel acunculis) capitatis. Acu-pictor pingit acu pereleganter.

ACUS (-eris, n.) est palea durior; quā admistā fit acerosus panis, et aceratum lutum.

AD portam ibo; ad portam te exspectabo; quoad venias.

Adagium, v. Aio

ADAMAS gemma dat adamanteum anulum; adamantinam vero duritiem vix aliquid aequat.

Additus, v. Dare.

Adeo, v. Eo, in Is.

ADEPS, pinguedo animalium liquidior. Caro adiposa suavis est; manus coqui adipatae, cum adipalem parat cenam.

Adeptus, v. Apisci.

Adhibere, v. Habere.

Adigere, v. Agere.

Adimere, v. Emere.

Adicere, v. Iacere.

Adipisci v. Apisci.

Adminiculum, v. Manus.

ADOR, frumentum mediae inter triticum et hordeum naturae; ex quo conficiunt adorea liba.

ADULARI, est studiō placendi grata facere et loqui; quod adulator adulatoria adulatione semper quaerit.

ADULTER cum adultera committunt adulterium gignuntque prolem adulterinam; sed falsarius adulterat monetam.

Adultus, v. Olescere.

AEDES sacra (aedis; dimin. aedicula) DEI est; aedes privatae (aedium pluraliter) nostrae sunt. Illam tuetur aedituus (vel aeditimus), has aedificat veteresque reaedificat aut melius exaedificat aedificator. Publica aedificia curant aediles ad munus aedilitium electi, et ob aedilitatem honorati; quorum est intellegere aedificatoriam artem et inaedificare coaedificareque omnia pulchrā aedificatione.

AEGER animo, etiam facile aegrescit corpore; et tum aegrotat periculosius. Quidam aegroti aegre admittunt medicinam; tolerant potius aegritudinem una cum aegrimonia.

AEMULUS tacite invidens virtuti alterius imitari eum, aut superare, conatur. Tu si quem bonum sic aemulari vis, bonus aemulator eris, aemulatioque tua bona. Sed aemulari bonis non est bonum.

AEQUUS, cuius nulla pars eminet, varie dicitur, aequor maris raro est aequm ab aequoreis fluctibus. Aequus iudex audit utramque partem aeque; dicitque ius aequale aequabiliter, h. e. secundum aequitatem. Contra qui coaequat causas inaequales, nullā observatā aequabilitate, iniquus (h. e. non aequus) est, inique agit, et ob iniquitatem punietur. Aequator circulus exaequans dies noctibus, facit horas coaequales.

AER, implet non tantum aeream (vel aeriam) regionem, sed omnia vacua loca.

AERUMNA, proprie in collo baiuli est; sed aerumnam quisque suam omnes homines aerumnales (vel aerumnosi) habent.

AES, effoditur ex aeraria; ex aere autem facta aerea (seu aerina) vasa vocantur aeramenta; quae facit aerarius faber aut fundit aerarius fusor, et arrodit viridis aerugo; nam vetusta fiunt aeruginosa. Porta aerata est firmior; aerosum aurum est impurum. Aes signatum servatur in aerario publico. Aeneā tubā canit aeneator.

AESTIMAT, quisque res suas aestimio magno; aut etiam inaestimabiles esse existimat.

AESTUS (-us) aeris est, cum a sole ustus aer aestuat; aestus maris est, cum undae inaestuant aestuososque fluctus exaestuant et in aestuario deponunt. Aestas est calida anni pars; aestate autem, aestivus ardor cogit pecora aestivare sub aestivis.

Aetas, et Aeternus, v. Aevum.

AETHER habet stellas aethereas (seu aetherias).

AEVUM Angelorum, durat semper; nos qui tantum certo aevo vivimus, morimur. Pater et filius sunt coaevi non aequaevi; licet forte ambo longaevi. Iuvenes debent revereri grandaevos, iuniores liberi primos. AETATEM (contracte, pro aevitatem) cuique nostrum aeternus ille qui in sempiternam (i. e. semper aeternam) aeternitatem vivit, admetitur.

Affatim, v. Fatim.

Affectus, afficere, v. Facere.

AGER et agellus ruri sunt. Agrestes homines sunt agrestibus moribus. agricolae colunt agrum diligenti agriculturâ, agrimensor peragrans rura designat agrarios limites. Peregre (per agrum) veniens, aut domum venit, aut in peregrinitatem; qui peregrinas regiones lustrat peregrinatur; sed quidam peregrinabundi peregrinatores nimis delectantur peregrinatione.

AGO (1.) me, dum moveo; (2.) ago negotium dum urgeo; (3.) ago pecora dum propello; (4.) ago diem festum dum celebro.

'''Derivata et Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Age! Age te agilis puer agiliter, sed agilitate decenti. Examen librae dum se agitat per aginam, et utrinque ambigit (i. e. in ambas partes se agit), ambigit quoque libripens, et fit ambiguus, ut ambigue iudicet, ob ponderis ambiguitatem.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Spectemus actiones activi et actuosi actoris quas actitat. Actor in iudicio accusat reum actionemque in illum instituit; actuarius inscribit actutum omnia acta usque ad transactionem. Actores in comoedia quolibet actu novum quid proferunt.

Composita: Ubi quis degit, exigat inde quicquid molestat, ut ibidem queat exigere vitam commode. Qui conduxit opus peragendum artifici, exigit opus exactum; ut et quilibet exactor exactionem suam. Negotia exigua (aestimata exigue ob exiguitatem) transigere accurate quis satagit?

'''A Significatione 3.'''

Agitator agitat ante se agmen pecudum agminatim per campestres actus sicut et agaso asinos. Qui aliena pecora abigit (abigeus, committens abigeatum) adigitur saepe in fugam, aut circumagitur vel transadigitur. Pastor cogit oves in unum; tu neminem coge ad malum. Quod quis coactus facit, invitus facit. Coagulum est, quo lac coagulatur in caseum. Arcularius coagmentat asseres. Subulcus exigit sues pastum. Pecora ab asilis exagitata eo rediguntur ut discurrant, nisi inigantur in stabulum. Prodigus heres prodigit prodigalitate noxiā, quod parentes subegerant, subactumque sibi reliquerant.

'''A Significatione 4.'''

Agitare saepe ferias, convivia, ludos, vanitas est.

AGNUS, et agnellus dant agninam carnem

AH, vel aha! Dicit qui improbat aliquid.

AHENUM facit ahenarius.

AIS an negas? Quod vulgo aiunt, adagium est.

ALAS, et alares pennas habent alites non autem omnia alata animalia. Homo sub alis facile sudat; ideo pingues utuntur subalaribus culcitris.

Alabrum.

ALACRIS Magister alacriter docens, excitat discipulos ad alacritatem.

ALAPA, est plaga maxillae inflicta, palmā manūs.

ALAUDA, avicula verno laudans Deum.

ALBUS, albet; albidus albicat; albulus parum alboris habet. Albat qui parieti albedinem inducit albario, ut albescat. Albumen est in ovo; album et quandoque albugo in oculo, alburnus est piscis, alburnum reperitur in ligno, cum exalburnatur; albae maculae in cute nigra interalbicant.

ALEA ludus non decet studiosum, relinquenda aleonibus (seu aleatoribus) qui arte aleatoria lucrum captant. Alea belli varia est.

ALERE, est victu sustentare; quomodo cum animal a bono altore diligenti aliturā alitur, illud alibili alimento bene altum bene alescit; atque si quid avulsum fuit, coalescit. Terra mater alma praebet alumnis suis alimoniam perpetuo. Anseres altiles saginantur altili alicastro; alicam vero facit alicarius pro nobis.

Alis, v. Ala.

ALGA, herba supernascitur aquis, in locis algosis.

ALGET, cui magno frigore inalgescunt membra; algor (et algus, -ūs) algidaque nix facile nocet alsiosis herbis.

ALI- est adiectio voculis aliquibus praemittenda; cuius sensum et usum sic disce. Dum aliquis quaerit aliquid, necesse est ut eat aliquo aliqua; etiam aliquando obambulet aliquamdiu, aliquanto magis, quam cum quaerunt aliquot. Redibit etiam aliquorsum aliquoties; et progressus aliquousque subsistet aliquatenus circumspectans aliquantisper donec res alicubi latitans alicunde se proferat.

Alibi, v. Alius.

Alica, v. Alere.

ALIUS (-a, -ud) agit aliter; alias est alibi; aut veniens aliunde tendit alio, hāc vel aliā; alioqui quod das alieno alicui, hoc abalienas a tuis, et transfers aliorsum. Sed ita res procedunt, aliter atque aliter.

Allatus, v. Ferre.

Allidere, v. Laedere.

ALLIUM, et alliata, grave olent.

Almus, v. Alere.

ALNUS crescit in alneto; ibi quaere alnea ligna.

Alsiosus, v. Algere.

Altare, v. Ara.

ALTER, adestne? Alter loquatur, alter taceat alterne (vel alternatim). Cur vultum alteras? Ad quid ista alteratio? Qui iurgiosa verba inter se alternant, altercant (vel altercantur).

Altilis, et Altor, v. Alere.

ALTUS mons sursum tendit, altum mare deorsum. Humilia si alte exaltantur accipiunt altitudinem.

ALUCO (-onis), nocturna avis.

ALUMEN coquitur ex aluminosa terra; aluminatā aquā tingimus chartam, ne perfluat.

ALUTAM parat alutarius; sed alutatam vestem sartor.

ALVEUS est cavum illud, qua flumen decurrit; alveus ubi aqua in domo asservatur. In alveari sunt apes; alvearia vero in alveario. Alveolus in ore continet dentem; alveatos sulcos facit arator.

ALVUS animalis recipit alimenta et egerit; alvini abstineant noxiis.

AMA, amanter amabilem amatorem amabo. Atque si quem sincero amore adamasti constanter deama; omnemque te amantem redama, sicut solet amasium amasia.

AMARUM, est fel, amarulenta aloe; subamarum absinthium; adeo variat amaror; a quo amarescit quidquid ab istorum contactu amaritiem (vel amaritudinem) acquirit. Amaricat vero Deum, qui peccatis irritat.

AMB, praeposito significans circum. Ut, ambire, amburere, etc.

AMBAGES sunt in ambagiosa via.

Ambigere, v. Agere.

AMBO (-ae, -o) sunt ubi duo coniunctim sunt.

AMBULANT animalia bipeda; sed et fabricant aedificia ambulatoria. Per ambulacrum deambulamus animi causa; aut prodambulando perambulamus campos. Anteambulo praeit regem. Funambulus inambulat extensis funibus.

Amens, v. Mens.

AMENTUM est manubrium loreum; amentatum enim iaculum eiaculamur validius.

AMES (-itis, m.) est pértica aucupalis.

AMICIRE sese splendidis amiculis, seu amictoriis gaudent feminae, ut prodeant pulchre amictae. Virorum amictus (-us) simplicior est.

AMICUS sit amico animo, agatque amice ut requirunt leges amicitiae. Deus est illis inimicus qui sine causa inimicantur.

AMITA, est patris mei soror, amitini sibi sunt eius et patris mei liberi, etc.

AMNIS tacite sed flexuose fluit; amnenses accolae habitant ad amnicas salices, ac interamna prata, amoene.

AMOENUS locus delectat amoene (vel amoeniter) inamoenus nihil amoenitatis habet.

AMPLUS locus multa capit ample intra suam amplitudinem; capietque amplius si amplietur.

AMPULLA, est vas ventre amplo, ore angusto. Qui verba apullaceā formā loquitur, ampullari dicitur.

AMULETUM, gestamen pro amolienda incantatione.

AMURCA est faex olei; quod examurcari necesse habet.

AMUSSIS adhibenda est examussim si vis habere amussitata opera.

AMYGDALUS fert amygdala; e quibus exprimitur amygdalinum (vel amygdaleum et amygdaliceum) oleum.

AN velis, rogo; et num hoc an illud? Anne? Annon hoc melius?

ANATES curat anatarius, a quibus habet anatinos pullos, et anatarias plumas.

ANCHORA pendet ab anchorali.

Anceps, v. Caput.

ANCILLA peragit ancillares operas; sed quidam viri ancillantur uxoribus.

ANCUS, manu curtus.

Anfractus, v. Frango.

Angellus, v. Angulus.

ANGELUS et angelica custodia, adsunt piis; angelica radix facit contra pestem.

ANGIT animum angor; sed angina angustat fauces. Via angusta et angiportūs habent angustias. Mala conscientia adfert cordi anxio anxietatem.

ANGULUM externum habet domus angularis; sed angulos interiores multos quaevis domus. Quod videbis, si quid quaeras angulatim. Non omne angulatum etiam angulosum est; quia quaedam sunt tri-, quadri-, sex-, octangula.

Augustus, v. Angere.

ANGUIS (anguiculus) anguinam pellem exuit quotannis; non absimilis huic anguilla piscis, sed sine anguineo veneno.

Anhelare, v. Halare.

Anilis, v. Anus.

ANIMA animat omne animal, ut queat obire functiones animales et ostendere se esse animatum. Animus vero animat hominem animosum ad animositatem. Aequanimus studet aequanimitati aequanimiter, ut sit cum aliis unanimis et longanimis. Magnanimus nihil timet; pusillanimus omnia; quem facile queas exanimare, ut semianimis fiat, et velut exanimis concidat, similis inanimo.

Annales et Annona, v. Annus.

ANULUS factus ab anulario gestatur anulari digito. Catena construitur e ferreis anulis.

ANNOS multos numerat annosa vetula. Res plusquam anniculae quotennes sunt? Bi-, tri-, quadri-, quinqu-, sex-, sept-, oct-, nov-, decennes (vel -ennales); nempe quae iam durarunt bi-, tri-, quadri-, quinqu-, sex-, sept-, oct-, nov-, decennium; annonam annotinosque fructus, curat quotannis annonarius. Historicus autem consignat annua gesta in annalibus annuatim; ut quid anno et biennio etc. ante factum sit, in oblivionem ne veniat, anniversaria festa celebramus sollemniter.

ANSA prehendimus aut suspendimus ansatum vas; ansā ferreā connectit faber trabes; ansas calcei colliga, ne cui sit ansa ridendi te.

ANSER et anser-mas et anserculi dant anserinum adipem.

ANTE anticam quaere antes (vel antas); antennam vero in navi; antilenam in equo; antiae sunt anteriores capilli. Antequam iudicas, interroga ante quid actum sit antea.

Anticipare, v. Capere.

ANTIQUUS mos non semper observandus est. Qui antique agit, ut antiquitas egit antiquitus, nec vult obsoleta antiquari, antiquarius cluet.

Antistes, v. Stare.

ANTLIA, est haustorium quo antlatur et exantlatur sentina.

Antrorsum, v. Versum.

Versus, v. Vertere.

ANUS (-i, m.) qua exoneratur venter.

ANUS (-ūs, f.) est annosa vetula. Non solae autem aniculae ob anilitatem suam, sed et viri saepe aniles nugas agunt, vere aniliter.

Anxius, v. Angere.

Apage, et Apage te.

APER. Aprum venantur aprariis retibus, propter aprinam (seu aprugnam).

Aperire, v. Perire.

APES (vel apis, apicula) curat apiarius in apiario (-um).

APEX cacumen cuiusque rei est; apiculus punctum supra aliquid eminens.

APEXABO (-onis, m.) farcimen ex adipato sanguine.

APISCI (aptus sum, pro nancisci) non est in usu. Sed aptus, id est commoditatem nactus, commodus. Dic ergo: APTUS agit apte aptitudineque sua aptat res rebus. Ideo adipiscitur (seu indipiscitur) multa, redipisciturque amissa etiam; et de adeptione gaudet. Ineptus contra inepte agit, ineptitudineque sua adaptare se nescit ulli rei. Ineptit semper, ineptiis (ineptiae) deditus.

APRICUS locus est in aperto sole; ubi ob gratam apricitatem iucunde apricamur.

Aprinus et Aprugnus, v. Aper.

Aptare, Aptus v. Apisci.

APRILIS (-is, m.), in quo se aperiunt omnia.

APUD, nota proximitatis.

AQUA est elementum fluidum; aquatum lac prodit aqueus color. Regio aquosa grata est aquaticis avibus, ceterisque aquatilibus et subaqueis animantibus. Aqualis (m.) est vas aquarium ad mensam, aquarius (seu aquator) in exercitu aquatur. Pastor adaquat gregem, dum pellit ad aquarium ut eum ibi aquetur. Aqua inspergitur herbis ex aquiminali. Aquilex curat aquaeductus et aquagia.

AQUILAE instar advolat aquilo (-onis) ex aquilonari plaga, quasi aquilinis alis.

ARA (seu altare, q. e. alta ara) est focus sacer, ubi sacrificia ustulantur; quam inspectans aruspex olim ex aruspicina divinabat.

ARANEA (vel araneus) texit araneum in araneoso loco.

ARAT arator agrum aratro (-um); exaratque gramen, et rursum subarat, ut fiat arvum. Sed campum inutilem arationi relinquit inaratum.

ARBITER (-ri) est iudex honorarius ab utraque parte electus; qui delatum sibi habens arbitrium, arbitratur secundum arbitrium, statuitque de re suo arbitratu, seu arbitrali (vel arbitrario) iudicio, prout aequum esse arbitratur.

ARBOR stans in arboreto praebet nidos arborariis avibus; fructus autem arboreos arboratori. Arbusculae densae faciunt arbustum. Sed vinitor arbustat vineam, dum conserit arboribus, quibus applicet arbustivas, vites; quae aliquando ipsae quoque arborescunt.

ARCAS et arculas facit arcularius arcerasque ad servandum res arcanas arcano. Tu tibi commissum arcanum itidem arcane habeto.

ARCEMUS hostem, dum in arcto transitu coarctamus, aut e propugnaculis abarcemus. EXERCET bonus exercitor milites crebro exercitio (-itium), quia exercitus bene exercitus (-a, -um, seu exercitatus) bene hostem coercet; inexercitatus parum valet; ergo praeexerceri debet.

Arctus, Latinum, v. Arcere; Graecum, in [[#Residuum Lexici Ianualis, Vocum Peregrinarum Ianuae Inspersarum|Lexici Residuo]].

ARCUM (machinulam qua emittimus sagittas) facit arcuarius; arcum arcuat murarius; arcus coelestis in caelo est, pulchre arcuatus (vel arquatus).

Ardea.

ARDET ardore vehementi, quicquid aridum ardenter inardescit; ardens in aliena negotia ardalio est.

ARDUOS montes scandere arduum est ob arduitatem.

AREA (areola) in domo est ad deambulandum; area in horreo ad triturandum; area in aucupio ad retia pandendum; area in campo (eminentior pars agri, inter duos sulcos) ad seminandum.

ARENA reperitur in arenosis locis, aut eruitur ex arenaria; unde fiunt arenacea terra, et arenata calx, arenarium horologium.

ARET quod humore caret; arescit quod ariditatem acquirit. Arbor arida est, quae tota exuit; cuius rami dumtaxat interarescunt nondum tota peraruit.

ARGENTUM effoditur ex argentifodina ex quo parant argentea et argentata vasa. Argentum vivum raro est argentosum; argentarius exercet argentariam.

ARGILLAM sumens figulus ex argilleto aliisque argillosis locis, format inde argillacea vasa.

ARGUIT quaeque res ipsa, ad quid sit, dum partes suas ostendit. Tu si quem peccare vides, argue; sed argumentis certis argumentando, non ut arguti solent argute argutiis (-utiae) ludendo; argutari enim ad quid est? Quem non potes coarguere culpae, eum ne quidem redargue.

Aridus, v. Arere.

Ariolus, v. Hariolus.

ARIETES arietant inter se; arietinum fel medetur podagrae; arietariā machinā muri deiiciuntur.

ARISTA, seta spicae.

ARMA (-orum, n. pl.; omnis generis instrumenta) asservantur in armario (-arium); sed arma bellica ceteraque armamenta in armamentario. Hinc petitur armatura qua armantur inermes, aut semiermes ut compareant in armilustrio; sed abutentes armatu (-ūs), aut armati (-a, -um) capti, exarmantur etiamsi armigeri sint.

ARMENTUM seu armale pecus pascitur in armento, sub custodia armentarii; armentosa regio abundat armentitiis gregibus; armentinus fimus utilis est agris.

ARMUM quaere in bove (in homine humerum; armillam in armillata virgine).

Arrigere, v. Regere.

Arripere, v. Rapere.

ARS quaelibet habet suum artificem (-fex) et sua artificia secundum quae producit artificialia opera artificiose. Composita: Inertem facit ad omnia inhabilem inertia sua, sicut sollertem sollerter operantem commendat sollertia sua.

ARTUS est pars membri comprehensa inter iuncturas ossium; artuosum corpus artuatim dividere, est deartuare. In specie manus et pedes artus dicuntur (Vide Ianuam Linguarum, § 215 et 584). Si articuli articulosi corporis dolent, erit morbus articularis (seu arthritis) curanda arthriticis medicinis.

ARUNDO, crescit in arundineto, locis nempe arundinosis; unde pueri parant arundineas fistulas.

Arvum, v. Arare.

ARX (-cis, f.), domus propugnaculis munita.

AS (assis, seu assis, -is, m.) dicebatur apud Romanos omne totum in partes dividuum, sive res numerarentur, sive mensurarentur, sive ponderarentur. Ut as ligularum, ligulae. Agri iugerum semisse, est sesquiiugerum. As, seu assipondium, tota libra, unciarum. Tu autem disce: I. Partes Assis. II. Composita Assis.

'''I. Partes Assis''' sunt: 1 uncia, pars assis duodecima in ponderibus; sextans, sexta pars assis, duae unciae; quadrans, seu tetrans, quarta pars; triens, tertia pars assis; unciae quincunx, quinque unciae; semis (-issis; q. d. &quot;semi-as&quot;, sex unciae); septunx; unciae bes (bessis) seu octans, unae tertiae totius; dodrans ubi deest de toto quadrans unciae; dextans (ubi deest sextans unciae); deunx, ubi ad assem deest uncia; as, seu totum.

'''II. Composita ab Asse, Nummorum Nomina.'''

As, minimus nummus aereus, obolus; tressis, triobolus; quinquessis; obuli octussis; decussis, decem asses seu obolos valens; centussis, centum asses, verti potest Florenus.

'''Horum usum sic disce.'''

Adde unciam deunci; aut sextantem dextanti; aut quadrantem dodranti; aut trientem bessi; vel quincuncem septunci; vel semissem semissi: habebis totum.

Quod opus non est, asse carum est; nedum ut tressem etc. Multō minus centussem numeres. Heres ex asse, accipit totam hereditatem; semissarius, semissem eius. Decussis etiam signum crucis significat, X. Decussare, sic res decussatim ordinare.

Ascendere, v. Scandere.

ASCIA, asciantur ligna, ut fiant exasciata.

ASILUS, musca boaria est.

ASINUS circumagitur in asinaria mola ab asinario, asininā duritie est asellus piscis, asio volat noctu.

ASPERUM saxum asperat manum lapicidae asperitate (seu aspredine, et aspretudine) sua; aspretum vero pedes ambulantis. Tu cave, ne quem bonum exasperes.

Aspergere, v. Spargere.

Aspectus, Aspicere, v. Specere.

ASSAMUS carnes ad ignem, dum inassamus verubus, ut bene assa assatura mensae inferatur. Semiassis vesci non est salubre.

Assecla, v. Sequi.

ASSER (-eris, vel assis, -is, m.) est tabula sectilis; quae coassantur ut fiat assamentum, dumque assantur (seu exassantur) decidunt assulae; asserculi sunt minores.

Assidere et Assiduus, v. Sedere.

Assilire, v. Salire.

Assipondium et Assis, v. As.

Assuescere, v. Sui.

Ast, v. At.

ASTUS (-ūs) astuto pro sapientia est; sed nimis assute agens, decipit quandoque seipsum astutiā suā.

AT, poetice ast, idem quod &quot;sed&quot;. Composita eius sunt: atat, atque (contracte ac), atqui. Quorum significata sic disce: Atat quis venit? At est notus, atque (seu ac) amicus; nec habes amiciorem quemquam atque (seu ac) illum. Atqui est verum.

ATER, est plus quam niger, atrore summo (nisi sit tantum obater). Atramentum servatur in atramentario quod atramentali atritate maculatum atratum est.

ATRIUM, magnatum custoditur ab atrensibus.

ATROX hostis terret atrociter ipsa atrocitate vultūs.

Attinere, v. Tenere.

Attingere v. Tangere.

Attrectare, v. Trahere.

Attritus, v. Terere.

Auceps, v. Avis.

AUCTORES (vel autores, authores) alicuius negotii, et libri, opus habent auctoritate; etiam cum allegant auctoritatem.

AUDET, audax omnia audacter pro audacia (vel audentia) sua; saepe tamen cum temere ausus est nimia, non potitur ausis (-us, -a, -um). Et hoc quid est? Ausim dicere, stultitia.

AUDIT auditor in auditorio multa, si auditio sit attenta. Rex facit audientiam peregrinis legatis. Tu quod auditu tuo tantum inaudivisti et non exaudivisti pro inaudito (-us, -a, -um) habe.

AUGERE sua bona augmentis licitis, licet cuivis; augmentare illicitis non licet. Tu studiose vide ut adaugeas et exaugeas scientiam quotidiano AUCTU, si auctare vis sapientiam, ut bonus auctor; auctarii loco tibi erunt honor et divitiae, si volet Deus. Mercator quandoque sua bona vendens turbae auctione pretii, auctionatur. Milites autem dum conscribuntur auctorantur certo auctoramentō, deinde rursum exauctorantur.

AUGUR apud gentiles ex certis auguriis (-ium) augurabatur; et ad officium auguratūs augurali cenā inaugurabatur, indigne vero se gerens exaugurabatur.

AUGUSTUS, caesar natus fuit Augustō mense; sic dictus, quia auguste res suas gessit. Utinam et omnes augusti, cum augustalibus suis habitantibus augustali (-ale, n.)!

AULA, regalis plena est aulicis aulicisque deliciis; parietesque eius obducti aulaeis.

AURIGA currum regens aurigat; sed qui aurigis praeest, aurigarius aurigatur.

AURIS repurgatur auriscalpio; inauris appenditur auriculae; auriculari digito inditur anulus. Tu, si auritus es, ausculta bene monentibus.

AURORA.

AURUM effoditur ex auraria, id est, aurifodina; quod aurarius (vel aurifex) elaborans in aurificina facit vasa, vel aurea aurifaber; vel inaurata solum (seu auraturā obductā) aurator. Eques auratus donatur inauratis armis; qui forte mallet aliquot millibus aureorum. Aurata piscis est aureolis maculis notatus; aurigo morbus foedus. Auri pigmentum color.

Auscultare, v. Auris.

Ausim, v. Audere.

Auspex, v. Avis.

AUSTER (ventus) venit ab australi (seu austrina) plaga.

AUSTERUS, sapor austere afficit linguam austeritate sua.

AUT hoc aut illud est nota indifferentiae; &quot;aut certe&quot;, concessionis; &quot;autem&quot;, diversitatis; &quot;tum autem&quot;, continuationis.

AUTUMARE, existimare.

AUTUMNUNS praecedit hiemem autumno (-us, -a, -um) seu autumnali tempore. Ubi tu ob autumnitatem quaere pellicium.

AUXILIUM fert bonus auxiliator dum mediis auxiliaribus et fideli auxiliatu auxiliatur.

AVARUS quia deditus avaritiae (seu avaritiei) corradit avare (vel avariter) quicquid potest.

AVELLANA, nux.

Ex AVENA pinsitur panis avenaceus; avenā fatuā pascuntur avenariae cicadae.

AVERE aliquid nimis avide, inquietat avidum; nec erit finis aviditatis, nisi post adeptionem illius boni.

AVIS canora capta (aliquando cum aviculis) servatur viva in aviario, (-ium) sub cura aviarii (seu avicularii, -ius). Sed AUCEPS (q. e. &quot;aviceps&quot;) eas prius aucupatur diverso aucupio variis aucupatoriis insidiis. AUSPEX, ex avium inspectu facit auspicium, suadens aliquid auspicari sub alicuius auspicio.

AVUS est patris aut matris pater; quem quisquis habuit, habuit quoque proavum, abavum, atavum, tritavum, itemque aviam et proaviam, abaviam, ataviam, tritaviam; sed forte non habuit avunculum, pro- et abavunculum, multo minus omnia avita bona.

Axare, v. Assare, in Asser.

AXILLA, cavum sub brachio.

AXIS rotae ungitur axungiā, axiculus trochleae, oleō.

==Incipientia a B==

BACCAE, sunt duriores acini; nascuntur in bacciferis arboribus, praesertim in baccalia; cuius frondibus coronantur baccalaurei. Sed baccae ex quibus fiunt baccata monilia, nascuntur in conchis marinis.

BACCHUS putabatur vini inventor; in cuius honorem instituta fuerunt bacchanalia (-liorum); ubi adhuc multi bacchantur, dies noctesque perbacchantur, saepe et in alios debacchantur.

BACULUS (vel baculum) est lignamentum, quo nititur viator valide; bacillo imbecillis senex imbecilliter, prae imbecillitate; vacillat enim tamen.

BAIULUS baiulat onera.

BALANT oves balatu sibi nativo; balatro inutilis est.

BALBUS balbutit, quia linguam eius impedit balbuties.

BALLISTAM (vel ballistram) dirigit ballistarius ad deiciendum murum; manuballista parva est.

BALNEUM (seu balineum) est unius domūs; balnea sunt totius civitatis, quibus praeest balneator cum toto balneari apparatu.

Ex BALSAMO (-um) fit balsaminum oleum.

BALTEUS (vel balteum) est loramentum, cui appenditur gladius.

BAPTIZAT baptistes (-ae, m.) infantem baptismo (m. vel baptismate, n.) sacro, ad baptisterium; sed anabaptista rebaptizat, quia paedobaptismum non admittit.

BARBA virum ornat, decenter barbatum; barbitium tondeat barbitonsor. Iuvenis est barbatulus, puer imberbis.

BARBARAE gentes habent barbaras linguas, et barbaricos mores; produntque actionibus suis barbariem, sermone vero barbarismos.

BARBUS (vel barbo, m.), piscis barbatus.

BARDUS, ingenio tardus.

BARO liber est, tamquam rex in sua baronia (seu baronatu).

BARRUS barrit barritu valido. Dens eius dicitur ebur (vel ebor, n.), unde fiunt elegantissima eburnea (seu eburna et eborea) vasa.

BASIS (f.) sustinet columnam; bassis (seu bassus) concentum musicalem; basellae in cella dolium.

BASIUM est, quo se basiant honesta basiatione amici.

BATILLUS (vel batillum) est ferramentum, quo ignis tollitur.

BAUBARI, levius latrare.

BEAT Deus bonis eum, quem hic esse beatum vult; sed beatior est qui beate moritur, et ad aeternam beatitatem (seu beatitudinem) evocatur.

Bellaria, et Bellus, v. Bonus.

BELLUM, geritur bellico apparatu inter bellosos bellatores, dum canitur bellicum. Bellicosi populi (seu bellatrices gentes) sunt bellatorio animo, gaudentque bellare (seu belligerare). Imbellis facile debellatur; si vero rebellis rebellat, raro invenit bonum exitum rebellionis.

BELUA (vel bellua) est animal vasti corporis; ut sunt beluae marinae in beluoso oceano. Homo caveat esse moribus beluinis (seu belualibus).

BESTIA est fera, unguibus et morsu saeviens; cum quibus olim pugnare cogebantur bestiarii bestiali ferocitate.

BETA, rapa rubra.

BETONICA, herba.

BETULA (vel betulla) crescit in betuleto.

BIBERE decet ad necessitatem. Sed bibo bibit valde; bibulus saepe; bibax (bibaculus) nimis avide. Combibones combibunt, sibi praebibunt, pocula ebibunt; et postquam adbiberunt iubilant. Charta bibula imbibit atramentum.

BIBLIA sacra aliosque bonos libros scribit bibliographus, compingit bibliopegus, vendit bibliopola, emit in bibliothecam bibliothecarius.

Biceps, v. Caput.

Biduum, v. Dies.

Biennium, v. Annus.

Biga, v. Iugum.

BILIS, copiosa in corpore bilioso, facit biliosos.

Bimestris, v. Mensis.

Bimus et binus, v. Bis.

BIS bina sunt quattuor; binio in tessera est numerus binarius. Bimus puer non potest combinari cum quadrimo ad cursum; quia ante bimatum vix currit.

BITUMEN, pinguis terra, et bituminata aqua, et bituminosi lapides, ardent, ob bitumineam pinguedinem.

BLAESUS non recte pronuntiat litteras sibilantes (s, z, c) ob blaesitatem.

BLANDUS puer, dum matri blande blanditur blanditiis suis, h. e. blandicellis blandimentis, quidvis eblanditur; sic et blandiloquus Orator.

BLATERAT res ineptas ineptus blatero.

Boare, v. Bos.

BOLETUS, fungorum optimus.

BOMBUS quem dant apes bombientes (vel bombilantes) levis est; sed bombus ardens, quem dat bombarda horrendum sonat.

BONUS communicat bona sua bonis, propter ipsam bonitatem naturae. Et bene erit benigno homini, dum benigne (seu benigniter) agit, exercens benignitatem in omnes. Bella (pro &quot;bonella&quot;) sunt bellaria post mensam, belle victitanti; sed famelico bellior cibus ipse.

BOS boat, auditoque boatu reboat, quando e bovili (seu bubili) in forum boarium agitur. Bubalus (bos silvestris) non sic paret bubulco sicut buculus et bucula, reliquumque bovinum (bovillum) genus. Bubulam et bubalinam (sc. carnem) qui nimium vorant, semiboves fiunt.

BOTULUS (dimin. botellus) farcimen e pultibus.

BRACCA villosa tegit totum corpus; braccae laxae femora tantum tegunt braccatis populis.

BRACHIUM (bracchium) militis ornatur brachiali, tametsi non sit brachiali crassitudine. Fluvius dividitur quandoque in brachia. Arbor fit brachiata.

BRACTEA, est tenuis lamina, crepitans; e qua bractearius (vel bracteator) varia format etiam bracteata.

BRANCHIAE, fauces piscium hiantes.

BRASSICA, olus notissimum.

BREVIS est non longus, aut non profundus. Si amas brevitatem, et si vis habere breviarium libri, habebis brevi, si breviabis quicquid abbreviari potest. Flumen breve potest vadari propter brevitatem; non possunt marina brevia.

BRUMA est brumali tempore.

BRUTUM animal per se brutet. Homo brutescit (et obbrutescit) cum brute agit.

Bubalus, Bubulus, Bubulcus, v. Bos.

BUBO avis noctu ululat; bubo tumor pestilentialis perimit.

BUCCA, esurientis appetit bucceas panis; buccas habens turgidas, buccosus (bucculentus) bucco est. Buccellatus panis (in buccellas divisus, et iterum coctus) bonus est navigantibus.

BUCCINA (et buccinum) est cornu incurvum, quo pecora evocantur. Sed aeneā buccinā suaviter buccinat buccinator.

BUERE, tingere fuit olim. Nunc pannos imbuimus colore; et ingenia artibus.

BUFO, est rana venenosa turgida.

BULBUM seu bulbosam radicem, habet cepa, aliaeve bulbaceae herbae.

BULGA, crumena maior, ferrata.

BULLA est vesicula aquae; bullas aureas gestabant in veste Romani; bullas aeneas affigimus libris; bullas ligneas appendunt diplomatibus, pro servandis sigillis. Sed bullati fiunt bullati. Aqua fervens bullat et bullit, ebullietque nisi prohibes.

BURA (et buris, -is, f.) cuneus aratri, cui adaptatur vomer.

Bustum, v. Urere.

BUTYRUM, pinguedo lactis concreta.

BUXUS (-i, f. et buxum) arbuscula semper virens in buxeto; ex qua fiunt buxea vasa.

== C ==

CABALLUS, robustus equus, caballinus.

CACARE licet cacaturienti.

CACHINNUS, est risus effusus; quō delectantur quidam cachinnones, dum cachinnantur crebro.

Cacula, v. Cala.

CACUMEN vocamus in ovo; cacumen in aedificio; cacumen in arbore; cacumen in monte. Aedificia cacuminamus ut sint cacuminata; arborem decacuminamus ut non crescat in altitudinem, sed in latitudinem.

CADAVER, cadaverosaque moribundi facies, quem delectet?

CADIT, quicquid nolens deorsum fertur; ut cadiva poma, et qui habent caducum morbum, crebrō casu casantes (seu casitantes). Saepe enim desubito concidunt et succidunt in faciemque procidunt, et in eundem morbum recidunt, quia recidivus est. Decidunt etiam quandoque de gradibus; aut incidunt in aquam; eoque intercidunt miseri.

Si cui divitiae accidunt quod accidit saepe, meminerit esse tantum accidens; et se quavis accidentali occasione excidere illis posse. Sol quotidie oritur et occidit; ut videmus cum occiduus est, h. e. ad occasum in occidente constitutus. In septentrionalibus tamen locis aestate inocciduus est, quia occidentalem plagam praeterit tantum, non se sub terram abdit.

CADMIA, terrae species.

CADUCEO ceu sceptro instructus abit petitum pacem caduceator.

CADUS, dolium minus cadiscus, adhuc minus.

CAECUS, nihil videt, caecutiens (seu caecultans) parum. Caecitas innata est caeciliae; alia animalia a variis causis caecantur et excaecantur vel occaecantur.

CAEDERE, est violenter vulnerare; sive secando, sive scindendo, sive feriendo. Nam lignator caedit ligna in silva caedua (incaeduam caedere nefas est) caesuris variis; aliquando intercîdens tantum, ut fiat silva intercîsa; aliquando excîdens excîdio totali, ut fiat campus. Hortulanus accîdit arbores quasdam, dum ramos inutiles praecîdit, abscîdit, decîdit et recîdit, recîsamentaque destinat foco; sicut et totam aridam arborem, quam succîdit et frustatim concîdit. Miles caedit hostem caesim et punctim, occîdens quos potest; nec illi propter caedem hanc (aut occîsionem vel excîsionem integri exercitūs) decîditur collum; sicut homicîdae, qui alibi committit homicîdium. Caesaries fit crebrā caesione capillorum. Caesitium concisione marginum in linteo. Iudaei circumcîdunt pueros Circumcisione sacrā. Virgis autem caedimus petulantes. De succidia succîdimus frustatim; incisoribus incîdimus escam; incîsuras facimus ubi opus. Si vis loqui concîse, recîde minus necessaria; et dic praecîse, quid velis.

CAELAT caelator caelo (seu celte, et caestrō) varias caelaturas; etiam pulchre caelata pocula.

Caelum, cavandi instrumentum, v. Caelare.

CAELUM videmus, caelestesque stellas, quotidie; caelites (seu caelicolae) ipsi videri non possunt. Caelica dona, et caelitus defluentem benedictionem, sentimus.

CAELEBS vivit in caelibatu.

CAEMENTUM sunt lapides excîsi terrā, e quibus caementarius facit aedificia caementicia.

Caena, v. Cena.

CAENUM, sordidum lutum, quale est in caenosis quibusdam aquis.

Caepa, v. Cepa.

Caepi, v. Coepi.

Caeremonia, v. Ceremonia.

CAERULEUS (vel caerulus) color est, qualis caeli est, et caerulei lapidis. Caesius vero pallide caeruleatus.

CAESAREM qui sequuntur ob maiestatem caesaream, vocamus caesareanos.

Caesaries, v. Caedere.

Caesius, v. Caelum.

CAESPES, est herbida gleba; ad caespitem erutum facile caespitat equus caespitator. Casa caespititia calidior est quam caementicia.

CAESTUS (-ūs), clava habens globum plumbeum appensum.

Caesura, Caesus, v. Caedere.

CALAS (fustes ligneos) ministrabant militibus calones (seu caculae). Calones (et calopodia) sunt calcei de ligno.

CALAMUS crescit in calameto; calamus scriptorius servatur in calamario; calamus frugum patitur calamitatem a calamitoso caelo. Calamō canit rusticellus; calamō viscato capiuntur aves. Calamitates variae premunt calamitosos homines; quod non curant qui calamistrō calamistrant comas.

CALANTICA, muliebre capitis velamen.

CALARE, verbum antiquum, significat vocare, nominare. Cuius usum sic disce: Romae calator (fuit consulis servus) calabat cives; nomencalator autem (contracte nomenclator) suggerebat nomenclaturam civium. A calendis inchoantur menses in calendario. Cum vero est intercalaris annus, intercalatur (h. e. interponitur indicando) dies unus, intercalari mensi, Februario.

Calcar, et Calceus, v. Calx.

Calenda, v. Calare.

CALET ignis calefacitque alia, sicut et omne calidum. Tu ut calescas, move te; quia calor hic utilior est, quam dum nos externa incalefaciunt. In caldario excalefacimus nos.

CALIGAS colligamus caligari ligulā, ut incedamus caligati. (Olim fuit pedum integumentum militare; nunc pro femorali utimur, sed sine auctoritate veterum.)

CALIGO (-inis, f.) venit a caligante nube; in caliginoso loco caligant oculi.

CALIX (-icis, dimin. caliculus), poculum rotundum.

CALLUS (vel callum) fit a duro labore, quō manus fiunt callosae. Pes autem callescit cum quis per durum callem incedit; sed occallescit tandem ad ista. Animus qui ad multa occalluit, callet multa, estque callidus.

Calo et Calopodium, v. Cala.

CALUMNIA, impunita auget calumniatores, ut cuilibet allubescat calumniari alios, calumnioseque traducere.

CALVA nuda pilis, facit calvum; raripila calvastrum. Sed qui calvent seu calvitiem (vel calvitium) habent, illi aut calvescunt per se, aut decalvantur ab aliis. Calvaria est os contegens cerebrum.

CALX (-cis, m. f.) tria significat: (1.) lapidem; (2.) lapidem ustum in farinam, pro coagmentandis lapidibus; (3.) extremitatem pedis.

'''A Significatione 1.'''

CALCULUS, si incedis per calculosum agrum, facile incidit, et pedem urget, nisi eximatur. Calculō vesicae vexantur calculosi. Calculis ludunt aleatores. Calculis calculat calculator. Calculis eligitur consul (in suffragiis, quia fiebat iniecto lapillo in urnam, cum inscripto nomine).

'''A Significatione 2.'''

CALCEM parat calcarius e lapide calcario in calcaria (sc. fornace) ut fiat calcatus paries.

'''A Significatione 3.'''

CALCIBUS, calcamus lutum. Rem ingratam conculcamus et proculcamus pedibus. Exculcamus aliquid alicunde, aut inculcamus aliquō. Ut praeceptor inculcat discipulo doctrinas. Calcaneo eques adaptat calcar (n.), ut domet calcitrosum equum, qui calcitrat et recalcitrat.

Calceos, aliaque calceamenta facit calcearius (vel calceolarius) ad calceandum (vel calciandum) pedes; ut incedamus calceati, non discalceati.

CAMBIT campsor pecuniam; sed tu cambii litteras posce.

CAMELUM curat camelarius. E camelinis pilis fit camelinus pannus.

CAMERAM camerat et concamerat murarius, custodit camerarius. Camerati currus et naves pro delicatis sunt.

CAMINUS et fornax est, et fumarium.

CAMPUM inhabitantes occupantur operibus campestribus (campester et campestris). In Campania (regione Italiae) fusae sunt primae campanae.

Canalis, v. Canna.

CANCER et cancellus serpit per aquas; cancer morbus per carnem cancrino more. Cancellis praemuniuntur fenestrae. In cancellato conclavi sedens cancellarius, vel approbat et sigillat scripta, vel improbat et cancellat.

CANDERE est ignitum esse. Ferrum candens ab igne candescit (vel candefit). Candela noctu accenditur accensaque inditur candelabro. Sed Incendium incendit (seu succendit) incendiarius irā excandescens.

CANDERE, clare nitere, ut nix vel ut ignis. Nam et pruna candet et candidum marmor candet. Quod habet minus candoris candicat solum. Linteum ut candescat candefac ad candicantiam usque. Tusis animo candidō; candorem amat Deus.

CANERE scisne aliquam cantionem? Sicuti cantat cantor svavi cantu varia cantica. Quasdam cantilenas cantillat submisse, alias cantat canorā voce, praesertim discantus dulci canore. Si adest chorus, qui accinat (nota: A mutatur in I) et concinat, praecentor (seu incentor) incinit et praecinit; illi vero hoc incentivo moti succinunt, aut occinunt. Sed et qui recte loquuntur, accentum observant. Impii autem incantatores tentant incantamentis suis incantare et excantare res varias.

CANES vexantur a caninis muscis, praesertim cum urit canicula in diebus canicularibus.

Canirubus, silvestris rosa

Canistrum, v. mox Canna.

CANNA (vel cana) provenit in canneto; e qua texitur cannea teges, et cannitium canistrum. Per canales fluit aqua.

CANNABIS dat cannabinos funes.

CANTERIUS est castratus Equus. Canterii erecti sustinent tectum. Canteriis sustentatur aliquid supra terram. Canterioli fulciunt vitem (puta, in Italicis vineis, sic positi).

CANUS est, cui prae senectute capilli albent. Qui enim senescit, canescit. Praecanus cito canet, fitque incanus. Subcani habent exiguam canitiem seu paucos canos (sc. capillos).

CAPER cum capra et capellis stabulantur in caprili. Caprarius autem, si caprile pabulum deficit, et caprinum lac emulgetur paucum, caperat frontem. Capreae cum suis capreolis degunt in silvis; capricornus autem in montibus altis.

CAPERE multum potest vas capax, pro sua capacitate; sicut et ingeniosus puer, si quid illi offeras pro suo captu. Aquam cape capedine, gladium capesse capulo. Capulum exspectet senex capularis. Qui captat alios in sermone, captiosus est; sed aliquando captionibus suis ipse capitur. In bello quisque quaerit captivare hostem. Captivus autem conatur se liberare e captivitate, ut piscis e captura. (Composita mutant vocales: incipio, incepi, inceptum.)

Accipe quod gratis datur, sitque tibi acceptum. Accipiter anticipat aves volando, aut intercipit in ipso volatu, etiam per magnam intercapedinem. Cum quid concipis animo, cave ne conceptus tuus sit a praeconcepta opinione. Aves et mures decipiuntur decipulā. Tu cave deceptores, sicut et disceptatores, qui de leviculis rebus disceptant. Pisces excipimus e vivario excipulā, vinum e vase excipulō. Tu excipe hospites amice. Et in contractu si quid excipis, sit exceptio clara. Incipis quid? Et vis ut inceptum succedat bene? Ante inceptionem ora. Si occipis occupare quid, vide ne te praeoccupet alius. Si es occupatus negotiis, occupa certum locum occupationi tuae idoneum. Percipe rem, ne de impercepta iudices. Praeceptor praecipuo discipulo praecipit ut ante alios praecipiat aliquid; cui praecepto (praeceptum) parendum est. Qui vult recipere amissam rem, et in se recipit recuperare illam, debet se recipere ad receptaculum illius rei, a quocumque receptatore tenetur. Suscipere laborem in quocumque honesto suscepto honestum est.

'''Composita cum Nominibus.'''

Auceps, Aucupium, v. Avis.

Manceps (-ipis, et mancupis) manu capit reditus de conductis praediis, quae sibi mancipavit aliquis. Mancipium est homo in bello manu captus, et in servitutem mancipatus donec emancipetur. Municeps (-ipis) est civis adscitus, cui publica munia capere iam licet; fruitur iure municipali in suo municipio (-um, seu municipatu). Particeps (-ipis) alicuius boni participat de eodem ipse, et participat cum aliis participio iusto. Princeps (-ipis) res primas capit principalesque partes, et respicitur principaliter. Princeps in suo principatu gerat se principaliter non tantum principio sed a principio ad finem.

Capillus, v. Pilus.

Capistrum, v. Caput.

Capitium, vulgo capitis tegmen; sed antiquis fuit pectorale femininum.

CAPO (-onis et capus), gallus castratus.

CAPRONAE, comae in frontem propendentes.

CAPSAS, ligneas parat capsarius. In capsulis (capsellis) gestant pueri in scholam libellos. Capsō insidet cisiarius.

Capulus, v. Capere.

Capus, v. Capo.

CAPUT, praecipuum animalis membrum (sunt n. capitata omnia), cuius partes sunt sinciput et occiput. Capitosus capito grande habet; quidam capitellum dumtaxat. Libros dividimus in capita (seu capitula), quae a littera capitali (id est magna) incipiunt. Urbs expugnata pendit capitationem capitaneo pro redimenda capitali poena. Capistro capistramus equum. Monstrum nascitur aliquando biceps (-cipitis), forte et triceps et quadriceps. De septicipite hydra etiam narrant. Vas anceps (-ipitis, utrinque caput, i. e. ansam, habens) cape utrāvis. Gladium ancipitem cave utrinque. Verbi ancipitis significationem determina, ne fallat. Homo temerarius praeceps ruit, si scandit praecipitia. Et tu cave praecipitare negotia: praecipitantia res perdit.

CARBASUS (et carbasum) linteum firmum. Hinc carbasa (et carbasea, et carbasina, et carbasinea) vela.

CARBONES conficit carbonarius in carbonaria (sc. fornace). Carbunculus est parvus carbo; carbunculus gemma fulgens; carbunculus ulcusculum pestilens.

CARCER coercet petulantes, dum a carcerario incarcerantur. A carceribus ad metam currunt cursores.

CARDO ianuae vertitur, cum ianua aperitur. Cardo causae vertitur, cum ad rei summam venitur. A cardinibus mundi veniunt cardinales venti.

CARDUUS est aculeatus; cuius semine pascitur carduelis.

CARERE aliquā re, est non habere aliquid necessarium.

CARERE solet netrix linum carmine (pro &quot;carimine&quot;). Lanarius vero carminat lanam carmine. Sed poeta canit suum carmen.

CAREX abunde provenit in carecto.

CARIE corruptum lignum dices cariosum.

CARINA est in navi; carinatum pectus in bove.

Carmen, v. Carere.

CARO (caruncula) est concretus sanguis. Constans e carne, est carneum; habens carnem multam, carnosum; carnem curans, carnale. Carnarius vendit carnes in carnario (-um). Carnarius fit carnivorus. Sed carnifex (ex hominibus carnes faciens) excarnificat maleficos, artibus carnificinae suae.

CARPENTUM est currus pensilis, paratus a carpentario.

CARPERE fructum maturum manu, et carpere mores malos verbis, et carptim excerpere bonas sententias e libris, malos vero concerpere et discerpere, licitum est.

CARPIO (-onis, m.), piscis squamosus optimus.

CARRUS (vel carrum, et carruca) est currus birotus, quem agit carrucarius.

CARTILAGO (-inis, f.), corporis pars osse mollior, carne durior. Iuncturae ossium sunt cartilagineae. Aures animalium cartilaginosae.

CARUM est pretiosum, quod care venditur, facitque caritatem. Etiam carum (vel charum), i. e. dilectum, habere Deum et homines, caritas est.

CASAE et casulae sunt domus et domunculae viliores.

CASEUS, et caseolus, coagulati caseariā formā, siccantur in caseali.

CASSIS (-is, m.), rete venatorium est.

CASSIS (-idis, f. et cassida), capitis tegumentum chalybeum. Cassita, alauda cristata.

CASSAS nuces (i. e. vacuas) in cassum quassas.

CASTANEA fert castaneas in castaneto; e quibus fit castaninum oleum.

CASTRA ponuntur pro exercitu in campo, castrensi arte, munita pro cestriis. Castrum vero seu castellum arx minor est, quam servat castellanus. Castellum etiam oppidum, quod inhabitant castellani. In castello colligitur aqua.

Castrare, v. mox Castus.

CASTUS servat castitatem nec recusat castigari, seu verbis seu verberibus, si quid admisit contra castimoniam; cuius servandae causa quidam seipsos castrant. In balneo si quis non praecingit castulam, concastigatione dignus est; multo magis qui in cestu- aut -osis nuptiis sese -ant.

CATECHISTA catechizat, quando catechismum (seu catechesin) docet catechumenos.

Catella, v. Canis, et Catena.

CATENA struitur ex anulis ferreis, ad catenandum (h. e. firmiter ligandum) res varias; etiam catenarios canes, et catenulā (seu catellā) catellos parvos. Concatenati labores quandoque molestant nos ipsos.

CATERVA quaevis hominum multitudo est; sed caterva militaris continebat sex milia peditum catervalium seu catervariorum, qui procedebant catervatim.

CATINUS (vel catinum) est patina profundior. In catino terunt condimenta ciborum. Catinulos (vel catinellos et catillos) pingues quaerit et catillo ut catillet. In mola molitur frumentum super catillo.

Catulus, v. mox Catus.

CATUS (a Gr. κατης) felis est, instructus unguibus, sicut et eius catuli, et canum catuli, omniumque bestiarum catuli.

CAUDA soli homini deest, reliqua animalia sunt caudata.

CAUDEX (-icis, m.) est truncus desectae arboris; ex quo caudicali securi fiunt caudicariae (sue caudicatae) naves.

CAULA, stabulum pecudum.

CAULIS (-is, m.) in herba mollior est, quam caulis in anserina penna. Caules edimus. Herbae dum caulescunt quaedam fiunt unicaules aliae multicaules, omnes tamen tandem decaulescunt.

CAUPO (-onis) in caupona cauponatur arte cauponariā.

CAUSAM absentiae praetendit causarius miles. Sed causam cuius causā litigatur in foro, defendit causidicus, dum excusat quem alter accusat. Si tamen factum est inexcusabile, recusat defendere, quia causatur conscientiam.

CAUTES (-is, f.), rupes inacessa.

Cantus, v. Cavere.

Cavea, v. Cavus.

CAVERE debet pericula (immo undique discavere) vir cautus caute, quibuscumque cautelis (seu cautionibus). Incautus nihil praecavet.

CAVILLUM (vel cavilla) est iocosa calumnia, qualiter cavillatur praesentem quoque cavillator.

CAVUM est intus vacuum; cavea, carcer avicularum; caverna, specus sub terra cavernosa; cavaedium, subdiale in domo spatium. Si quid vis habere concavum (rotunde cavum), debes illud cavare, excavare, concavare.

CE, vocula adiectitia, praesentem praesentiam signficans. Ut hicce, hosce etc. Vide Grammaticam.

CEDERE (cessum) e proelio, et cedere alteri ius suum, non semper bene cedit. Quia dum adversarius videt te ire cessim, instat incessanter. Tu vero dum paulatim cessas, tandem plane cessabis; ita cessio saepe noxia est cessatori. Cum humor subcutaneus in pus abscedit, abscessus est; tantō maior, quantō plus materiae accedit per inaccessos meatus. Qui me antecedit est meus antecessor; qui ante me decessit, meus praedecessor. Amicus qui discessit reliquit sui desiderium post discessum. Qui excedit modum, peccat excessu. Concede aliquō, si vides periculum; sed nemini concede res inconcessas. Incede modeste, ut tuus incessus laudetur; sed incessere alios cave. Si tibi cum aliquo simultas intercedit, et aliquis pro illo ad te intercedit, admitte intercessionem intercessoris candidi, si tibi non intercedit. Qui aliquō secedit, quaerit secessum; sed secedere ab aliquo secessio est. Procedimus cum porro imus, et processus est; recessus vero cum recedimus. Qui praecedit praecessor est; qui succedit successor. Sed succedaneo illi non semper succedit simili sucessu, etiam in ordinaria successione.

CEDRUS arbor non putrescit, librosque cedratos, h. e. cedrino (seu cedrio) oleo perunctos, tineae non attingunt.

CELA, quod scis, et alter celatim habere vult. Occulere (seu occultare) occultam rem, prudentiae est.

CELEBER (seu celebris) vir est, quem celebritas famae celebriter celebrat; celebris urbs, in qua populi celebrant conventus suos.

CELER (vel celeris) celeriter celerat iter; maiori tamem celeritate peragit, si utatur per terram celēte, aut per aquam celōce, quam si acceleret pedibus tantum.

CELLA (seu cellarium) est locus subterraneus, ubi cellarius (vel cellaria) condit vasa cellaria (N. ab &quot;cellaris&quot; vel &quot;cellarius&quot;). In cella degunt monachi; in cellas congerunt apes mel; in cellis repositoriorum reponimus varia.

CELLERE, sursum tollere, verbum obsoletum; sed composita sunt in usu. Ante-, Ex-, Per-, Prae-, Pro-, Recellere; item celsus, excelsus, etc. Sensum sic disce: Ut celsa turris celsitate (seu celsitudine) suā antecellit humiles casas, ita vir excelsi animi, et cellentis virtutis cellentiā suā praecellit plebeios. At procella, sive procellosus ventus, procellit naves sic, ut eas percellat, et mergat, aut saltem nautas percellat, ut horrore perculsi nesciant quid agant.

Celox, v. Celer.

Celsus, v. Cellere.

CENAM para, ut cenemus in cenaculo qui cenaturimus, ne cubitum eamus incenati. Anteceniō et postceniō (vel poceniō) abstineat qui sanus esse vult. Quod in domicenio licet, non semper licet in concenatione.

CENSET (h. e. quid res aliqua possit, diiudicat) censor facultates civium iustā censione, pro colligendo publico censu; quem cum tempus esse censet, exposcit per accensos et accenset aerario. Illis autem qui suos census fallaciter recensent, succenset, eosque severā censurā notat. Morum censores publice constitui quam esset utile!

CENTO (centunculus), vestis, oratio, et quidvis e multis particulis consarcinatum.

CENTRUM, in globo est unicum, a quo exeunt centrales radii; sed lignum centrosum habet multa centra.

CENTUM librae faciunt centenarium (seu centumpondium); centeni milites centuriam (ubi centesimus quisque est ultimus); centies erratum, habet centuplicem (centuplex) errorem, cum centupla noxa. Centuriones in centuriatu suo centuriant milites centuriatim; succenturiantque decedentibus alios, lassis proelio submittunt centuriatos. Sub vexillo uno sunt ducenti (seu duceni) trecenti (seu treceni) quadringenti (vel quadringeni) etc.

CEPAE crescunt in cepina (seu cepeto).

CERA fit ex ceroso melle; unde cerarius facit cereas candelas, trahitque praelongos cereolos. Chirurgus vero cerat (vel incerat) linteolum, diligenti ceratura, ut fiat cerotum (h. e. emplastrum molle). Color in facie cerinus non est bonum; quem emendant cerussā feminae cerussatae. Sed cerussa relinquenda est pictoribus.

CERASUS dat cerasa.

CERDO dicitur quilibet sordibus opifex, coriarius, sutor etc.

CEREBRUM est medulla capitis; cerebrosus homo, mirabilis cerebri.

CEREMONIAE (vel cerimoniae) sunt ritus sacri; sed quidam alibi etiam nimis ceremoniales (seu ceremoniosi) sunt.

CERES (f.) frumentum est. E cerere paratur cerealis potus cervisia (vel cerevisia), a cervisiario.

CERNERE (crevi, cretum) tria significat. (1.) Evidenter separare. (2.) Frumentum purgare. (3.) Visu res discriminare.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Iudex discernit inter aequum et iniquum discretione iustā; ostendensque discrimen, ne innocentia veniat in discrimen, decernit decretum iustum -decretorio die. Puella discriminat crines discerniculo argenteo vel osseo, indiscriminatim. Secretarius consignat secreta negotia, servatque secreto.

'''Composita a Significatione 2.'''

Tritor INCERNIT frumentum incerniculo (vel subcerniculo), secernitque et excernit recrementa foras; sed sus etiam excrementis pascitur.

'''A Significatione 3.'''

CERNUS cernit deorsum; tu cerne et age illa, quae te concernunt.

CERTUM est, qui rem nescit certo, non debere certare verbis pro certo; nedum certare pignore, aut decertare armis. Tale enim certamen, et concertamen, etiamsi vulgo certatim fiat, certe temerarium est.

Cerussa, v. Cera.

Cervisia, v. Ceres.

CERVIX (cervicula) est colli pars posterior, cui supponimus cervical; pertinacem hominem vocamus cervicosum.

CERVUS, cum cerva, pascuntur in montibus; cervinum cornu medicinale est.

CETERI negligant studia, si volunt; ceterum tu cave; nam ceteroqui vapulabis.

CEU, significat quasi, velut.

CHALYBS est conduratum ferrum, ex quo fiunt chalybea instrumenta varia.

CHAOS confusum quid; unde inchoare aliquid incipere; quia quicquid incipit, rude est.

CHARTA, paratur a chartopaeo in chartaria mola, complicaturque in chartacea volumina, aut chartaceos libros.

CHORUS cantat; chorus saltat; choragus adornat choreas; choreutae choreas ducunt choragio.

CHRISTUS est unctus rex ecclesiae; a quo nuncupati christiani profitentur christianismum, sive christianam fidem, per totam christianitatem.

CHRONICUS morbus tarde curatur; qui chronica scribit, sit chronologus, peritus chronologiae.

CIBUS delicatus, variaque cibaria serviunt cibatui divitum; pauperes cibantur cibario pane, dummodo suppeditat.

CICADA, insectum pratense stridulum.

CICATRICES multae faciunt cicatricosum.

CICER (-is, n.) pisum parvulum angulatum.

CICINDELA, vermiculus in tenebris candens.

CICONIA, avis serpentibus infesta.

CICUR, ut fiat animal incicur, cicurabis illud.

CICUTA, herba venenosa, cava.

CIERE (vel cire) est celeriter movere, seu voce seu re ipsā. Unde varia veniunt, quorum sensum sic disce:

Qui ciet turbas, citatur ad magistratum; citatusque nisi compareat cito (seu citatim), accitur severius, aut accersitur (vel arcessitur) per accersitores vel arcessitores. Qui quaerit plebem concitare, concit eam in locum unum, et ad hanc concionem (contionem), habet contionem, suadens quod videtur bonum. Sic in templo contionator contionatur contionali sermone, ad contionarium populum. Qui exciet vim ingenii per exercitia, facit ac si excitet hominem somno, reddatque excitatum ad negotia. Si quem vides ad labores incitum (h. e. ignavum) incita illum incitamentis quibuscumque; nisi percieri non possit? Quicquid boni didicisti, recita coram aliis; dormientes suscita suscitabulo; sed mortuos resuscitat (seu exsuscitat) Deus.

CILICIUM textura e pilis asperioribus (caprinis etc.), ex quo fit cilicina vestis.

CILIA sunt palpebrarum pili; supercilium magnum ostendit superciliosum. Ciloni frons media eminet.

CIMEX (-icis, m.) pediculus lectuarius, rotundus, odore taetro.

Cincinnus, v. Cinnus.

CINGIMUS nos cingulo, equum cingulā, cinctu arcto, si opus est; rursumque recingimus, si esse libet discintis. Sed gladium accingimus succingulo; vestem autem succingimus, ut simus accincti, et procincti, ad peragendum labores succincte. Praecingimus nos honestatis ergo praecinctoriis.

CINIS (-eris, m.) est exustae rei pulvis. Cinerei coloris vestem gestet cinerarius, et qui subcinericium panem coquit; sed coquat caute, ne cinefaciat.

CINNABARIS (f.) sanguineus color.

CINNAMUM (vel cinnamomum) cortex arboris odoriferae.

CINNUS (et cincinnus) est capillorum gyrus ornate tortus; quem polituli concinne concinnant calamistro, aut si concinnitas eius turbata est, reconcinnant.

CIPPUS, truncus foraminosus, cui includuntur facinorosi pedes, aut manus, aut collum. Lignum in campo erectum memoriae alicuius causā.

CIRCUS est ambitus rotundus; circulos circinamus circino, circulari formā. Circa circos (h. e. fora) circulat (h. e. circumcursat) circulator (medicaster); circum quem stat turba circulatim, circiter centeni. Circius ventus agit se circumcirca, idcirco (vel iccirco) circumagit omnia circumquāque.

CIRNEA, vas quō potus ad mensam fertur.

CIRRUS, in capite quarundam avium erecta pluma; quas cirratas vocamus.

CIS, seu citra flumen habitantes sunt citeriores alii aliis; quidam nobis citimi, citra dubium.

CISIUM vehiculum est birotum, quod vehit cisiarius.

CISTA est arca minor; cistula (et cistella, cistellula) adhuc minor. In cisterna servatur cisternina aqua; sed cista viminea non continet aquam.

Citare, v. Ciere.

Citerior, v. Cis.

CITHARA ludit citharista et citharistria; citharaedus canit ad citharam.

Citra, v. Cis.

Cito, v. Ciere.

CITRUS fert citria (vel citrina) poma.

CIVIS est incola civitatis et pars civitatis; quia fruitur iure civico et privilegiis civilibus, vivat cum suis civibus (seu concivibus) civiliter. Civilitas morum ornat studiosum.

CLADES (is, f.) est multorum strages.

CLAM, hominibus si quid mali facis, et clanculum, quid iuvat? Etiam clancularia (seu clandestina) facta revelabuntur.

CLAMAT clamore magno, et voce clamosā, clamator ineptus. Sed utiliter inclamamus aliquem in periculo; et reclamamus mala suadenti, et exclamamus cum quid valde miramur; et proclamamus res venales aut conclamamus desperatas. Declamator declamat (seu declamitat) sermone declamatorio, dum se in arte oratoria exercet.

Clanculum et Clandestinus, v. Clam.

CLANGIT clangore magno tuba.

CLARA dies est, cum sol clare lucet; sed et nox claret, quando eam stellae clarificant. Virum dicimus clarum qui virtute inclaruit nominisque claritatem assecutus est. Hostis bellum clarigans declarat hostilem animum.

CLASSIS (-is, f.) fuit ordo civium Romae secundum possessiones maiores aut minores. Classis in mari (navium series) habet milites classiarios, quibus canitur classicum ad proelium. Classis in schola classica, habet auctorem classicum, qui explicatur.

CLATHRUS (vel clathrum) sunt cancelli lignei, in fenestra clathrata.

CLAUDERE librum ut possis, et recludere, adde illi clausuras. Clausula concludit orationem. Clausa viarum praecludunt hosti aditum, eumque excludunt, aut etiam intercludunt, et circumcludunt. Claustrarius facit claustra ad occludendum cistas, quibus aliquid includimus. Si quid nolumus commisceri cum alliis, secludimus in seclusorium

CLAUDUS claudicat; impostor quandoque simulat clauditatem.

CLAVA est fustis capitatus. Item e metallo factus.

CLAVIS, et clavicula, sunt instrumentum ad obserandum et reserandum seras; claviculario datur potestas depromendi e conclavi res conclavatas.

CLAVUS copulat res duras; clavus (verruca dura) premit pedem; ad clavum sedet gubernator; clavum aureum in veste clavata (sive, in laticlavio) gestabat Romanus senator.

CLEMENS dominus, dominatur clementer, amaturque ob clementiam. Inclemens reddit se exosum inclementiā suā.

CLIENS est qui se dedit patrocinio alicuius, et sub clientela eius est, cum clientelaribus suis bonis. Sic et clienta femina.

CLINARE, leniter flectere, se vel aliud. Inusitatum, sed composita sic disce: Arbuscula, quae se acclinat ad terram, et forte nimis inclinat, et proclinat, debet reclinari. Tu cave declinare a via virtutum; alioqui in malum indeclinabile incides.

CLITELLAS fert clitellarius equus, cum impositis sarcinis.

CLIVUS montis ascendenti est acclivis, descendenti declivis. Rupes raro sunt clivosae, sed proclives antrorsum, aut reclives retrorsum.

CLOACAS purgans cloacarius cloacarium poscit. Non vis pendere? Fac ut cloacale flumen ultro profluat.

CLUET quis vir bonus? Si vere, satis est inclutus (seu inclytus).

Ad CLUNES appendit sibi clunaculum lanio.

Coactus, et Coagulum, v. Cōgere, in Agere.

COAX dicit rana, cum coaxat.

Cobius, v. Gobius.

COCCUS frutex, fert cocca grana, e quibus coquitur coccinum; ex hoc autem cocceae (vel coccineae, et coccinae) vestes.

COCHLEA est contorta testa limacis, quā tegitur ipsa cochlea. Prelum habet cochleam spiratim striatam. Cochleam dic lagoenae operculum, similiter tortum. Cochleam in domo scalam, gradibus rotundis. Ad mensam est cochlear pro iusculo; inter pharmacopaei mensuras cochlearium; in horto cochlearia herba.

Cocles, v. Oculus.

CODEX, idem quod caudex. Tum tabula lignea, cui aliquid inscribitur. Codicilli tabellae portatiles, pugillares.

Coepa, v. Cepa.

COEPI discere felici coeptu. Cur deseram coepta? Ut faciunt qui saepe coeptant (seu inceptant) nec umquam absolvunt.

Coetus, v. Coire, in Ire.

Cogere, v. Agere.

COGITARE est mente rem versare. Vis aliquid novum excogitare? Praecogita rem bene, et recogita denuo; sed cogitate (vel cogitato, vel cogitatim), hoc est cogitatione fixā; vago cogitatu incogitans ostendit incogitantiam suam.

Cognatus, v. Nasci.

Cognitus, v. Noscere.

Cohibere, v. Habere.

COHORS, (f., contracte chors, et cors) est locus in villa septus pro pecore. Hinc ipsum pecoris agmen, et cohors militum, aves cohortales domesticae, etc.

Colare, v. Colum.

COLERE, quattuor significat. (1.) Honorare. (2.) Ornare. (3.) Diligenter tractare. (4.) Habitare.

'''Derivata a Significatione 1.'''

Colite Deum cultu devoto omnes cultores et cultrices eius.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Corpus autem colere nimiō cultu nolite.

'''A Significatione 3.'''

Colite agrum vos agricolae diligenti colatione; praesertim vos coloni, nullam partem coloniae vestrae relinquite incultam. Et vos artium cultores studiosi, colite inter vos concordiam; excolite vobis ingenia, vacate culturae animorum; inexculti ad nihil sunt, memoriā recolere nihil possunt.

'''A Significatione 4.'''

Colonia, sunt novi coloni, deducti aliquō; ut accolant fluvium, aut circumcolant montem, aut incolant urbem, cuius fiunt incolae, vel accolae, recipiuntque inquilinos quos volunt.

Collare, v. Collum.

Collatio, v. Latus, in Ferre.

Colligere, v. Legere.

Collimare, v. Limus, -a, -um.

COLLIS est minor monte; collinae vineae laudantur.

COLLUM nostrum ornatur collari, maleficus autem constringitur ferreo collari. Qui decollatus, nihil amplius succollare poterit.

COLOR varie res colorat. Quod enim coloratum est, est in se vel unicolor vel bicolor vel multicolor aut versicolor. Aliis autem concolor aut decolor. Tandem enim tempus omnia decolorat.

COLUBER (-bri, m. vel colubra, f.) serpens silvaticus.

COLUM vas foraminosum, quō colamus et percolamus liquores.

COLUMBUS, cum columba educant columbinos pullos, in columbario.

COLUMNA est sustentaculum aedificii erectum; qualibus, per intercolumnia distinctis, bene columnata domus ampla, stat columis (seu incolumis) incolumitate diuturnā. Circumcolumnia porticuum serviunt deliciis. Tecta incumbunt columini; tu vide ut sis columen familiae tuae.

Colurnus, v. Coryllus.

COLUS (i. et colūs, m. et f.) bacillus cui alligatur linum, ad fila trahendum.

COMAM si geris, tu comate, come illam saepe, ne sis incomatus; nimius tamen comatus (-ūs) viros non decet.

Comburere, v. Urere.

COMES (-itis, m. et f.) viae comitatur comitatum. Comites imperii venientes e suo quisque comitatu concomitantur imperatorem (ne incomitatus sit) ad comitia, in comitium, ad diem comitialem.

COMESSARI (immoderate convivari) cave; comessatio perdit comessatorem.

COMIS esto, conversans aliis comiter, et habebis laudem comitatis.

Commendare, v. Mandare.

Comminisci, v. Mens.

COMMODA occasio si se offert peragendi aliquid commode, utere commoditate, ne tibi elabatur incommodo tuo. Si quā re potes commodare proximo, petenti aliquid commodatō, accommoda te ita illi, ut non incommodes tibi.

COMMUNE bonum debet curari communiter ab iis qui spectant ad communitatem et nobiscum communicant. Communicamus tamen interdum iis, qui extra communionem sunt; rursumque nostros indignos excommunicamus.

COMOEDIAM agit comoedus, sed facit (scribit) comicus; uterque comoede, id est festive.

Compages, v. Pangere.

Comparare, v. Parere et Parare.

Comperire, v. Perire.

Compescere, v. Pascere.

COMPITUM, viae aut plateae transversae.

Complex, v. Plica.

Con, v. Cum.

CONARI, est in rem efficiendam vires intendere; quod in omni conatu (seu conamine) necessarium.

CONCILIUM est multorum conventus, ad conciliandum, et sibi reconciliandum dissidentium animos; conciliabulum paucorum est, et pravorum, dissidionem molientium.

Concinnus, v. Cinnus.

Concio, v. Ciere.

Condere, duo significat. (1.) Construere. (2.) Abdere.

'''A Significatione 1.'''

CONDIT urbem conditor sapiens, convocatque incolas certis conditionibus, conditionalibusque promissis; ut quae sua conditio futura sit, intelligant. Aliās incondita turba ruet.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

CONDUS condit conditivos fructus, et condititia cibaria, in conditorium. Tu etiam reconde si quid habes reconditum; et absconde quod debet esse absconditum.

CONDIRE, cibos condimentis bonis (quae vendit condimentarius) debet bonus condîtor; ut bene condîti bene sapiant. Sicut et conditaneos fructus bonā conditurā (seu conditione) paratos.

Condus, v. Condere.

Confertim, v. Farcire.

Confessio, v. Confiteri, in Fateri.

Congerro, v. Garrire.

CONGIUS (vel congium) est congiaria (seu congialis) mensura.

Coniectura, Coniceri, v. Iacere.

Coniunx, v. Iugum.

CONSILIUM dat consiliarius regi suo. Tu itidem si quis consulit te, consule illi, tamquam bonus consultor sed consultō; inconsulte nihil age. Consul cum consularibus viris (aut etiam proconsule, et exconsule, qui consulatu iam defunctus est) consultant de publico bono, publicantque postea suum senatūs consultum.

Consobrinus, v. Soror.

Consternare, v. Sternum.

Consul, v. Consilium.

Consuetudo, v. Sui.

Conticere, v. Tacere.

Contiguus, v. Tangere.

Continuus, v. Tenere.

CONTRA te si quem habes, ille semper aget contra quam tu, contrarie tibi, quia contrarius est. Haec vis est contrarietatis.

Contritus, v. Terere.

Contubernium, v. Taberna.

CONTUMAX (superbe pertinax) omnia sua defendens contumaciter, addit contumaciae contumeliam, contumeliosis verbis tractans eos, qui se admonent.

CONTUS est pértica nautica, quā contantur aquae fundum. Sed curiosus percontator, percontatur arcana.

CONUS, et figura conica, est quicquid sursum versum acuminatum est, ut strobilus pini.

Convexus, v. Vehere.

Copia, v. Ops.

COPULA, res copulat.

COQUERE cibos discit coquus arte coquinariā in coquina (sive culina, pro coquilina), instructus suppellectile culinariā. Nam cocti cibi sunt facilis coctionis (seu cocturae); incocti, etiamsi coctibiles, non bene in ventriculo concoquuntur. Cavet tamen, ne decoquat, aut discoquat. Potius recoquit, si non bene praecoxerat, donec percoctus sit. Pistor coquit panes, etiam bis coctos; qui diu durant, et sunt facilis concoctionis. Praecox fructus (seu praecoquus, et -is, et praecius) praecoquitur a sole. Qui decoquit patrimonium, decoctor est.

COR, situm intra praecordia, facit hominem cordatum, si firmum est; excordem, si languidum. Concordes vivunt concorditer, discordes discorditer. Nos si concordare nescimus, discordare caveamus. Malle vivere in discordia quam colere concordiam, vecordia est. Socors (q. e. &quot;secors&quot;, sine corde) facit omnia socorditer et cum socordia, neque recordatur officii.

CORAM te haec gesta sunt? Refer nobis coram.

CORBIS (m. et f.) et corbula ad gestandum fructus sunt.

CORDUM faenum serotinum est.

CORIUM detrahit bovi lanio, dum eum excoriat; quod coriarius concinnat, ut fiant coriacea calceamenta. Excoriator excoriat morticina.

CORNIX (-icis) cornicatur.

CORNU datur animali cornuto loco hastae. Unicornis habet praelongum. Boves nostri bicornes sunt, Indici tricornes. Arietes alicubi quadricornes. Caprea habet parvula cornicula. Cerva tametsi est cornigena non tamen cornigera. Cornu canit cornicen (-icinis). Ligna quaedam cornescunt, hoc est, in duritiem corneam concrescunt.

CORNUS (i. f.) arbor fert corna, lignumque corneum durissimum; corneolus gemma rubet corni instar.

CORONAS, (et corollas) ex herbis coronariis gestant virgines; aureā vero coronā coronatur rex. Perfecto operi addimus coronidem, et alia corollaria, si opus est.

CORPUS (-oris, n.) est quicquid videri et tangi potest; ut est corporeus homo (angeli autem incorporei sunt). In homine corpulento vastior est corporatio (seu corporatura), corporanturque membra crassius, quam in corpusculo, cuius corporalis statura exilis est. Monstrum aliquando nascitur bicorpor, aut tricorpor, cum membra male concorporantur, aut incorporantur, vel adcorporantur.

Corrigere, v. Regere.

CORRIGIA, legula ex corio.

CORTEX (-icis, m. et f.) tegit arborem corticatam. Quae nimis corticosae sunt, decorticantur, ut dum linum paratur stamini.

CORTINA stat in cortinali, ubi colores coquuntur.

CORUSCUS sol, coruscat fulgide.

CORVUS, et corvini pulli, crocitant.

CORYLUS in coryleto fert avellanas nuces; ubi scindimus colurnas (pro &quot;corylernas&quot;) virgas.

COS (-tis, f.) lapis est quō acuimus cultros; coticulā vero probamus aurum.

COSSUS (vel cossis, m.) vermis ligna corrodens.

COSTA, os lateris.

COTONEUM malum.

COTURNIX (-icis, f.) avis campestris.

COXA, et coxendix ( -dincis, f.), os femoris supremum.

CRABRO (-onis, m.) insectum maius vespā.

CRAPULA (ex ebrietate capitis dolor) vexat crapulosos, qui pridie crapulati sunt.

CRAS, sive die crastino, quid futurum sit, nescis; ergo noli procrastinare negotia.

CRASSUS liquor deponit crassamentum in fundo vasis. Crassus victus inducit crassitudinem corpori. Ergo ne tibi crassescat ingenium, cave crassitiem diaetae.

CRATES (-is, f.) textura virgarum, quali fit paries cratitius; super craticulam coquus torret piscem.

CREAVIT creator creaturas omnes tempore creationis; easque per generationem adhuc procreat, et beneficiis suis recreat.

CREBER (-ra, -rum) ventus facit crebro, ut pluvia crebra insequatur, crebriter fluens; aut saltem, ut crebescat (in- et percrebescat).

CREDIT facile credulus et ob suam credulitatem decipitur, dum non satis an credibile sit quod narratur, attendit. Incredulus contra, quicquid audit incredibile esse credit. Creditor credit alteri pecuniam suam, quae dicitur creditum; sed non semper tutum est alteri sua concredere.

CREMAS lardum? Habebis cremia. Sed appone prius foco cremia. Crematum vinum cave.

CREMOR (-oris, m.) est succus e rebus aquā maceratis extractus. Cremor lactis pinguedo.

CRENA, est incisura quaevis; crenatus.

CREPARE est sonum rudem edere, quomodo auriga crepat flagello; et crepat currus per lapides tractus; et crepant fores rusticorum, dum aperiuntur; et crepat quod frangitur; et crepat quod dissilit; et crepat sua iactator, dum nimis praedicat, licet interdum vix crepitu digna; sed crepitare incivile est. Crepundia relinquenda sunt pueris, aut decrepitis senibus; crepitaculum adhibendum est in horto, ad abigendum aves. Concrepare digitis, iocosum est. Increpare aliquem verbis, serium. Discrepare ab aliis bonum vel malum, prouti res fuerit.

CREPERA lux (hoc est dubia) facit crepusculum.

CREPIDAS (calceamentum suffultum subere) conficit crepidarius; sed non est tutum crepidato obambulare circa crepidinem putei.

CRESCERE est in maius augescere. Sed cum arbor increscit, non potes quotidie videre incrementum eius. Accrescit enim insensibili accretione dum succus intus concrescit, foras procrescit, sursumque excrescit. Fit aliquando, ut minor succrescat supercrescatque maiorem; succîsa vero recrescat aut decrescat. Semper tamen quod habet accrementa sua, habet et recrementa, tandemque decrementa.

CRETĀ scribimus; in agro cretoso proveniunt frumenta cretacea; veste cretatā utebantur.

Cretus: participium a Cernere, et Crescere.

CRIBRUM, quō cribramus farinam, facit cribrarius.

CRIMEN (factum quod iudicatur malum) meretur criminationem. Si tamen esse criminosum nescis, cave criminari; alias te recriminabitur.

CRINES discriminat crinali acu crinita mulier.

CRISPUS naturā capillus, non opus habet crispari.

CRISTAM geris? Etiam aves quaedam cristatae sunt.

CROCIRE (seu crocitare) corvum numquamne audivisti? Quam sibi placeat crocitu suo?

CROCUS (vel crocum) colore suo croceō inficit crocatos cibos.

Cruciare, v. Crux.

Crudelis, v. Cruor.

CRUMENA, marsupium pendulum.

CRUOR (-oris, m.) ex cruento vulnere defluens, cruentat vestes. Crudae carnes afferunt stomacho cruditatem; ergo ne crudescant in ventriculo, aut faciant recrudescere vulnus, coquantur bene. Crudelis exercet crudelitatem crudeliter.

CRUS, tegitur crurali, subligaturque cruralibus fasciis; aqua crurumtenus non est profunda.

CRUSTA, tegumentum durius, quod obducitur carni assatae, pani bene cocto, vulneri sanari coepto, glacianti flumini, animali crustato, parieti calce obducto, quem crustat (et incrustat) crustarius. Crustum autem, et crustulum, est placenta tenuis tosta, et crustata; crustulata caro crustis tostis obducta, quas parant crustularii.

CRUX, structura e duobus lignis transversim fixis, in qua malefici suspendebantur; nunc patibulum, et quaevis afflictio. Textus: Qui affligitur cruce, vel suspenditur a cruce, perfert magnos cruciatus, quibus ad mortem usque excruciatur. Sed crux quae pios interdum cruciat, nihil est ad cruciamenta, quibus discruciabantur (vel percruciabantur), qui crucifixum Salvatorem denuo crucifigunt.

CUBAMUS dum quiescimus super cubili in cubiculo, cubitu decenti. Aliquando accubant sibi plures, accubitu honestō (concubitus cum concubina inhonestus est) nocte concubiā; quidam vero secubant, aut sub arbore recubant. Ad epulandum olim accumbebant, et ordine discumbebant per lectulos discubitorios; nos assidemus mensis. Qui decumbit, excubare non potest; validos enim excubitores statuere oportet in excubiis. Morbus incubus incubat pectori. Avis incubat suis ovis. Arator incumbit aratro, studiosus incumbit studiis. Coram hoste victore satius est procumbere, quam succumbere, aut occumbere.

CUBITŌ (-us et -um) innitimur, delicatuli super cubitale; cubitō mensuramus res an sint cubitales, vel bi- aut tricubitales, seu tri- et quadricubitae.

CUBUS est cubicā figurā.

CUCULLA (et cucullus, et cucullium, et cucullio) est tegmen capitis assutum tunicae, tegmen papyraceum apud aromatarium. Bardocucullus est tunica quā utuntur cucullati.

CUCULUS avis cuculat.

CUCUMER (-meris, et cucumis) editur cum carne; cucurbita dat pulmentum; cucurbitula in balneo trahit sanguinem.

CUDIT faber ferrum malleo, super incude; illudque procudens, excudit varia ferramenta, quibus accudit ansas, et si quid confractum est recudit. Sed cusor monetae incudit nummis imagines. Typographus vero excudit libros.

Cuias, et Cuius, v. sub Quis.

CULCITA (vel culcitra; dimin. culcitula, vel culcitrula) est stragula plumis farta ad commodius sedendum; quas facit culcitrarius.

CULEUS (vel culleus, et culum) saccus lanaris maximus, volvi quam gestari aptior. Dolium maximum, plaustro vehendum. Culullus, cyathus rotundus.

CULEX, insectum alatum, gracillimum.

Culina (quasi Coquilina) v. Coquere.

CULMUS, calamus frugum est. Unde culmen tectum e culmo, stramineum, tecti cacumen.

CULPA, est noxa inscie admissa; ob quam culpare potes, sed ita ut inculpatum ne culpes.

CULTER fit a cultrario, culter aratri scindit terram.

Cultor, Cultus, v. Colere.

Culullus, v. Culeus.

CULUS, foramen animalis, quā excrementa egeruntur.

CUM Deo loqueris tum, cum oras. Cum ergo scis audire Deum, ora cum reverenter, tum fidenter. NB. &quot;Cum&quot; verbis compositum mutatur in &quot;Con&quot;, ut convocare, etc.

CUMERA (et cumerum) vas ubi frumenta conduntur.

CUMULUS, rerum congeries est. Sed cumulatim cumulare, et quidem cumulate accumulare, ad quid est?

CUNAE, seu cunabula, sunt infantilis lectulus, ubi infans ligatur incunabulis.

CUNCTI (omnes in unum coniuncti) adeste! Nolite cunctari vos cunctabundi; cunctatio noxia est, quando res bonae procedunt cunctanter.

CUNEUS est clavus magnus acuminatus, quō lignator discuneat ligna. Bellator cuneat exercitum; ut habeat formam cuneatam, et pugnet cuneatim.

CUNICULUS (animal lepori simile) fodicat in terra cuniculos, facitque terram cuniculosam; sicut et cunicularius per cuniculos, seu cuniculatim, suffodit moenia.

-CUMQUE, adiectio indifferentiam significans. Ut: Quicumque tibi promittit bonum quod- et qualecumque, et quantum- et quandocumque, accepta id; undecumque tibi sit petendum, aut ubicumque quaerendum.

CUPA (vel cuppa) dolium vinarium, vel cerevisiarium.

CUPERE honesta, et frui cupitis bonis, licita cupiditas est; cupidum esse inhonestorum, eaque concupiscere nimiā cupidine (seu cupedine) illicitum. Percupere autem (et discupere) prava, prava concupiscentia est. Cuppediae sunt cibi suaviores, quas parat cuppediarius (vel cuppedinarius), emunt autem dediti cuppediae, cuppediarii (seu cuppediosi) homines.

CUPRUM est aes optimum (ab insula Cypro), ex quo fiunt cuprea (et cuprina) vasa.

Cur? (q. e. &quot;quur&quot;, ex qua re) = quamobrem?

CURA (attenta cogitatio) rerum, res servat; incuria perdit. Securus res negligi; curiosus plerumque confundit. Praestat tamen curiositas securitati, in quam incidit incuriosus. Cura, curator, negotium tibi commissum curate; et tu, medice, cura aegrum curatione attentā. Procuret vero procurator necessaria, ut in promptu sint, et accuret, ut omnia fiant accurate; accuratio habet laudem ubique.

CURCULIO (curculiunculus) arrodit frumenta.

CURIA, domus in qua de publico curae aguntur. Nam in curia convenit senatus. In curiam convocat curio curiales suos. In comitiis curiatis, ubi omnes curiae conveniunt, et suffragia feruntur curiatim, constituuntur leges curiatae.

CURRERE debet cursor curriculō (-um) quō mittitur, non cursare hincinde, cursim quoque expediens negotia sua. Quidam non valentes cursu, utuntur curru aut curriculo (-us), praesertim praecursores, qui praecurrere necesse habent, aut percurrere varia loca. Cum in urbe tumultus oritur, multi procurrunt, et accurrunt, et concurrunt, et circumcurrunt, et discurrunt; etiam foras excurrunt, et in pericula incurrunt, si non tempestive recurrunt. Ad bellum fit accursus militum, et in proelio concursus armorum, cum variis excursionibus et incursionibus. Colloquia quid sunt nisi discursus? Ubi colloquentes ab una re ad aliam discurrunt, et omnia mente transcurrunt. Cum tibi pauper occurrit (etiam inopinato occursu) succurrat tibi ut ei succurras; ne decurrat a te benedictio Dei sicut aqua.

CURRUCA, avicula.

CURTUM (iusto brevius) decurtari non habet opus.

CURVUS, inaequaliter flexus. Arbor si curvatur, fit incurva (vel recurva); neque curvitas (seu curvamen, et curvatura) eius ad rectitudinem redit.

CUSPIS (-idis, f.) est in cultro cuspidato. Furcam cudunt cuspidatim, praesertim tricuspidem.

CUSTOS (-odis, m. et f.) cum suo subcustode, destinantur custodiae rerum ut eas custodiant custodite; nam quod incustoditum est, perit facile.

CUTIS (-is, f.) est carneum carnis tegumentum, tegens subcutanea  (vel subtercutanea) membra, et intercutem aquam.

== D ==

DAEMONES sunt angeli, boni vel mali; sed malum daemonium (seu cacodaemon), male vexat daemoniacos, daemonicā vi.

-DAM, adiectio. Dices ergo: Quidam mihi promisit quondam quiddam pro re quadam, etc.

DAMA, ex cervorum genere minimum.

DAMNUM, quisquis intulit alteri damnosā re, damnas est rependere. Etiam damnatur qui cum possit proximum servare indemnem, non servat. Si tamen rursum praestat indemnitatem, fit ex condemnato indemnatus.

DAPS (-is, f.) epulum opiparum; qualibus instruit dapalem (vel dapaticam) cenam dapifer.

DARE, est rem suam alteri offere. Quod facit dator bonus liberali datione (seu datu); tametsi quod non est datarium non datat. Tu cum accipis datum, dato operam, ut sis gratus.

NB. Composita mutant A in E et I, fiuntque coniugationis tertiae (excepto circumdare, circumdatus), sic:

Circumdatus ab hoste potenti, abdere se quaerit in abditum, ne cogatur dedere se, nisi sit deditus ignaviae, et fieri dediticius quaerat, datā operā. Libri eduntur in lucem, etiam iteratā editione. Cum aliquid indis cistae, obde seram, ne quid inde perdas. Qui seipsum vitiis perdit, aut sua disperdit, perditus est. Sed praeditus prudentiā, non facile aliquid deperdit perditione noxiā. Imprudens contra prodit sua arcana temere. At qui alterum prodit hosti proditione proditoriā, proditor est. Redde quod debes, et redde rationem cur non prius. Et Latina haec redde in vernaculum, ut te reddant promptum interpretem. Subde te alicui patrono, et cuius subditus es, praesta obsequium verum, non subditicium. Trade rem alienam cui debetur traditione fideli. Traditiones maiorum observa, si fideles sunt.

DE pietate primum cogita, quae de caelo datur; dein (deinde) de honestate; deinceps de utilitate; denique de iucunditate rerum. Demum? Ita decet.

DEBES solvere, quod debes tu debitor, totum debitum cum gratitudine debitā.

DEBILIS operatur debiliter, quia eam debilitat sua debilitas.

DECEM constituunt decadem (-as) unam, hoc est decies repetitam unitatem, sive numerum denarium. In quō qui occurrit decimum, decimus est. Accipiens decimas decanus, decimat agros, praesertim decumanos. Milites deni (pro &quot;deceni&quot;) faciunt decuriam, prout eos decuriat decurio; sed et undeni procedunt, quando undecim continentur uno membro. Quando autem duodecim, tre-, quattuor-, quin-, se-, septem-, octo-, novemdecim, dices incedere duodenos, tre-, quattuor-, quindenos etc. Ubi quisque undecimus, duodecimus, decimus tertius etc. ultimus erit. Denarius nummus est.

December, v. Ver.

Decempeda, v. Pes.

Decendium, v. Dies.

Decennium, v. Annus.

DECET unumquemque, agere omnia decenter, h. e. observare decorum in actionibus, ut decorae sint. Illud enim parat decus quō condecoramur. Quicquid contra est indecens (seu indecorum, et dedecorum) addecet vitare, quia illud dedecore suo nos dedecorat.

Decidere, v. Cadere.

Decidere, v. Caedere.

Decrepitus, v. Crepere.

Decretum, v. Cernere.

Decussis, v. As.

Deficere, v. Facere.

Defrutum, v. Fervere.

Degere, v. Agere.

Deierare, v. Iurare.

Deinde, v. De.

Delatio, v. Ferre.

Delectare, v. Lacere.

DELERE poteris scripturam spongiā deletili, si scribes delebilem, in membrana deleticia. At numquam delebis maculam famae indelebilem, si semel admiseris.

Deliciae, v. Lacere.

Delinitus, v. Lenis.

Delitescere, v. Latere.

DELUBRUM, aedicula deorum gentilium.

-DEM, adiectio identitatis: Idem (pro &quot;isdem&quot;) primus homo, a quo sumus omnes, cum eadem matre nostra, eiusdem peccati et mortis nos fecerunt reos. Positi enim in paradiso, peccārunt ibidem et eiecti indidem tantundem poenae transmiserunt in nos, quantum meruerant ipsi. Quotquot enim nostrum nascuntur, totidem moriuntur; alioqui tantidem redempti.

Demensum, v. Metiri.

Demere, v. Emere.

Demum et denique, v. De.

Denarius, v. Decem.

DENTES, quaere in ore; dentes duos in anchora; dentale in aratro. Dento (-onis, m.) est dentatus, infans edentulus, senex edentatus, falx denticulata. Infantes dum dentiunt non opus habent dentifricio, nec dentiscalpio. Bidente (sc. ligone) utuntur vinitores, tridente furcā rustici.

DENSA silva est, ubi arbores dense stant, et ubi densitas frondium opacat. Quod per se denset densari opus non habet. Sed levidensem pannum addensant (condensant), ut densescat.

Denuo, v. Novus.

Deorsum, v. Vertere.

Deperdere, v. Dare.

Deperire, v. Ire.

DEPSIT (condepsit et perdepsit) pistor farinam aquā maceratam, ut faciat panes depsticios.

Desipere, v. Sapere.

Desitus, v. Sinere.

Despicere, v. Specere.

Desum, v. Esse.

Homo DETERIOR fit licentiā, deterrimus impunitate.

Detinere, v. Tenere.

Detrectare, v. Trahere.

Detrimentum, v. Terere.

Devexus, v. Vehere.

DEUS in sua profunda deitate fuit ab aeterno. Deastri sunt ficta numina, nempe dii cum deabus et semidiis. Divi apud Deum agentes, divinam spectant gloriam. Divinitas quid sit in seipsa, nec revelat verbum divinitus datum, nec ullum divinum (i. e. excellens) ingenium divinare, aut quomodo se nobis postea revelabit, praedivinare potest. Divinatio vera, Dei donum est.

DEXTERA (vel dextra) manus, ad dextrum est, versabilis non tantum dextrorsum (vel -us) sed omnimode. Ambidexter tamen aeque dextre res tractat sinistrā, parilique dexteritate.

Di, v. Dis.

Diarius, v. Dies.

DIAETA, est cenaculum apertum; diaeta certa victūs ratio, valetudinis causā, cum diaeteticis medicamentis. Item diaeta iudicium publicum, apertum.

DICAM scribit alicui, qui eum schedulā scriptā in ius citat. Tu iuste age non dicis causā (ut iuri et officio satis fecisse videaris) sed vere ac serio.

DICARE, verbum duplex. (1.) Ostendere, significare, narrare. (2.) Ius alicuius rei alteri tradere.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Indica mihi, quanti mercator indicet suas merces? An indicatione iustā? Quō indiciō id cognōscam? Index viae, vel digito indice viam ostendat; sicut index libri contenta libri indicat.

Praedicat rem venalem praedicator et quantum potest depraedicat; sicut et praedicator Evangelii praedicatione frequenti, praedicabilem Dei gratiam.

'''Composita a Significatione 2.'''

Scriptor libri dicat et dedicat eum patrono alicui, epistolā dedicatoriā. Templum dedicatur Deo, sollemni festo dedicationis. Vir emeritus abdicat se magistratu, abdicatione honestā. (Iudex, et Iudicare, v. suo loco.)

DICERE vis aliquid? Dic dictum memorabile: Dicere causam alicuius in foro, causidici est. Liber continens dictiones ordine descriptas, dictionarium dicitur. Homo dicax pro sua mordaci dicacitate, iactat in alios dicteria. Tu attende iis, quae sapientes dictant (seu dictitant), et excipe in chartam, quae praeceptor dictat ad calamum. Romae dictator tempore dictaturae suae, edictabat edicta. Hoc est, indicta de rebus faciendis, et interdicta de non faciendis. Et quae sic edicebat, vel indicebat et interdicebat, illis contradicere nemo audebat. Iudex abdicit rem uni parti, addicit alteri; non quia addictus parti, sed iuxta dictamen legum, et conscientiae. Tu si quid alicui condixisti, praesta condictionem ex condicto.

'''Alia Composita.'''

Fatídicus praedicit futura, saepe vanā praedictione. Tu Deum ora, ut tibi benedicat, et benedictus eris; benedictionemque eius comprecare aliis. Maledic nemini, quia maledictio recidit in maledicum, ut poena maledicentiae.

DICIO, est regio subiecta potestati alicuius.

DIES accipit initium cum diescit. Diale tempus, est unius diei; diurnum opponitur nocturno. Diarium est libellus, cui quis cotidie (quotidie) inscribit cotidiana negotia. Sol interdiu nobis adest, noctu abest. Et qualiter hodie (q. e. &quot;hoc die&quot;), ita fuit ortus ante biduum, tri-, quadri-, octiduum; sive nudius tertius, quartus, octavus (q. d. &quot;nunc dies tertius&quot;, etc.). Tu cogita hodiernō die, immo pridie, quid agendum sit postridie, ac propediem. Et quod vides faciendum perendie (q. e. &quot;per unum inde diem&quot;), sive perendino fac, ne comperendina. Meridies est medius dies, cum sol versatur in meridiali plaga mundi. Ubi nos meridiamus, h. e. meridianum cibum sumimus. Delicati etiam meridiantur (h. e. post prandium dormiunt), ut vires fessae labore antemeridiano, restaurentur ad operas pomeridianas. Iuvat enim ad illud meridiatio.

Difficilis, v. Facilis.

Diffissus, v. Findere.

Diffisus, v. Fidere.

Diffiteri, v. Fateri.

DIGITUS est extremae manūs aut pedis pars quinta; quomodo digitati sumus omnes, pauci sedigiti. Scriniarius utitur pro mensura digitō, digitali crassitudine. Sartor ne laedatur ab acu, utitur digitali; alii adversus aestum solis digitalibus.

DIGNUS est dignitate, qui alios dignê honorare dignatur, neminem dedignatur. Contra, indignum est indignari alicui, sine iusta causa indignationis; quod faciunt indignabundi.

Dilatio, v. Ferre.

Diligere, v. Legere.

Directus, v. Regere.

DIRIBET (vel diribit; est enim secundae vel tertiae coniugationis) stipendia diribitor iustā diribitione, in diribitoriō.

Dirigere, v. Regere.

Dirimere, v. Emere.

DIRUS tyrannus diritate suā meretur, ut illi omnes diras imprecentur.

DIS, antiquê Deus (e Graeco Δις, Jupiter). Unde dius divinus, excellens; et dîum Dei prospectus, caelum apertum. Res sub dio sita, subdialis dicitur. Exinde quoque est dîs (dîtis), quod usitatius dives (divitis); quia divitiae Dei donum sunt. Ideo qui ditescunt, ut ditiores sunt aliis, ita ditare debent alios.

DIS-, praepositio verbalis, distractionem notans; ut Disiungo, Distribuo, etc.

Discantus, v. Canere.

Disceptare, v. Capere.

DISCERE stude discipule sub disciplina, bonas disciplinas, h. e. scientias disciplinabiles, donec eas ediscas et perdiscas. Potes autem omnia condiscere facilius inter condiscipulos, quam solus. Cave tantum, ne quid boni dediscas quod praedidiceras semel; addisce potius cotidie aliquid novi.

Discretus et Discrimen, v. Cernere.

Discutere, v. Quatere.

Disertus, v. Serere.

Disicere, v. Iacere.

Dispergere, v. Spargere.

Dispescere, v. Pascere.

Displicere, v. Placere.

Displodere, v. Plaudere.

Disquirere, v. Quaerere.

Dissidere, v. Sedere.

Disslire, v. Salire.

Ditescere, v. Dis.

Ditio, v. Dicio.

DIU (per dies multos) durans res diutina, seu diuturna est. Tu quamdiu vivis, tamdiu cogita mortem; quae emanere potest aliquamdiu (aliquandiu), perdiu non potest. Ecce multi qui sibi pollicebantur diuturnitatem, dudum mortui sunt.

Dius et Dives, v. Dis.

DIVIDERE potes res dividuas, ut videas dividuas (seu divisas). Individuae non admittunt divisorem, neque divisionem (seu divisuram.)

Divortium, v. Vertere.

Divus, v. Deus.

DOCERE docilem facile est, ut docilitatis suae edat documentum, celeri apprehensione doctrinae, fiatque vir doctus. Indocilis nihil capit, ideoque manet indoctus aut semidoctus. Bonus doctor bona condocet, semperque plus addocet donec edoceat (et perdoceat). Si vero se admiscuit aliquid mali, dedocet.

Dodrans, v. As.

DOLAT dolabrā dolium, et alia doliaria vasa, doliarius.

DOLET mihi, quando dolorem sentio ob rem dolorificam. Doleo ipse, si quid fero dolenter. Quidam adeo duri sunt, proh dolor, ut nec propriis malis indolescant, nec condolescant alienis; quod dolendum est. Perdoluisse tamen, et dedoluisse, facit indolentiam.

DOLUS est astuta fallacia, quā dolosus decipit alium subdolê. Tu viator cave tibi a dolone (N. est sica in vagina lignea latens, ut scipio videatur).

DOMARE, ferocientem bestiam conatur domitor, ut eam edomet (vel perdomet); quaedam tamen indomitae sunt.

DOMINUS non semper habet dominam, semper habere debet dominium, ubi dominicā potestate dominetur, sed dominatione iustā; quod potissimum magni dominatores et dominatrices attendant, in dominatu suo.

DOMUM qui habet, maneat domi; aut si exiit domō, redeat domum, ad suos domesticos. Vagari domesticatim mendicorum est, qui carent proprio domicilio. Dei domum visitamus die Dominico, e domunculis nostris.

DONEC (antiquê donicum, i. e. tum cum] rediero, mane.

DONUM gratuito donatur amico, ab amico; donativum subditis a principe; donarium a devoto aliquo offertur Deo, ad pios usus. Sed donatus gratā donatione, solet aliquid redonare. Culpa condonatur deprecanti.

DORMIS? Non dormio sed dormiturio. Immo et dormitas. Abi in dormitorium, ubi condormire solent dormitatores, ibi obdormisces, lectulo indormiscens. Sique evigilabis, redormies, donec edormias.

DORSUM iumenti dorsualis (seu dorsuarii) oneramus oneribus. Piscem exdorsuat coquus, dum in partes (dorsum confringendo) dividit.

DOS est donum sponso cum sponsa datum; seu pecunia, seu alia dotalia bona, quibus parentes dotant filiam; sed pauper indotata est.

DUBIUS es, si nescis quid eligas. In re dubiosa (seu dubitabili) dubitare (et addubitare vel subdubitare) bonum est; quia dubitatio facit cautum. In re tamen indubitata indubitanter agendum est.

DUCIT viatorem per viam, quam esse rectam ducit (id est existimat) dux eius. Et quā ductavit alios saepius. Fabri vero ductant molem aliquam ductilem ductario fune ductim, hoc est lento ductu. Dux exercitūs, eiusve campiductor, conducit legiones in unum, et adducit ad locum proelii, et educit in aciem, et obducit hosti. Conducit conductor domum conducticiam ad habitandum; sed ut de conductis rebus nihil abducat, quamvis id ipsi conducat (seu conducibile sit). Qui aquam deducit alicunde, ne nimis diducat. Qui amicum honoris causā deducit, in viam rectam inducat, ad nihil pravum inducat. Pueri introducuntur in scholam, ut sub introductione (seu manuductione) paedagogorum, perducant studia ad finem. Indeque producantur in lucem, et producant vitam. Redux, (i. e. reductus, qui redit) reducit secum vitam; si seduci se ab aliquo seductore passus non est. Subducere res suas periculo, aut subducere inde seipsum, et traducere in locum alium, licet; licet id traducant traductores. Ex traduce fit nova planta. Liberos educat bonus educator educatione honestā. (NB. In hoc postremo mutatur coniugatio et accentus.)

Dudum, v. Diu.

Duere, v. Duo, duis.

DUELLUM duorum bellum. Sed perduellis est qui superiori rebellat, reus perduellionis.

DULCE mel potest dulcare (vel edulcare) alia, ut dulcescant ipsa quoque, et gratā dulcedine (seu dulcetudine) linguam afficiant dulcê (dulciter); sicuti dulciculae illae placentae, quas dulciarius parat.

DUM, nota temporis, praeteriti aut futuri, sive sola stet, sive composita cum aliis. Sic:

Dum vales, labora. Et quod occipis urge, dum absolvas. Si nondum id facis, nihildum profecisti, nedum ut somnies perfectionem, vixdum ingressus viam. Interdum tamen respirare fas est, dummodo redeas alacriter.

DUMUS est spinosus frutex; dumetum (seu dumectum) locus dumosus.

DUMTAXAT (duntaxat), tantum, solum.

DUO, sunt unus et unus. Duode-, duobus demptis; ut duodeviginti, id est octodecim, duodetriginta, etc. etc.

DUO (dui, dutum, duere, e Graeco δυω), obsoletum. Sed Induere et Exuere (extrito D) significant vestem corpori imponere, et deponere, sic:

INDUE indusium, demumque superindue alia indumenta; quae rursum vesperi exues. Induvias animalium (i. e. pelles) exutas, vocabis exuvias (et reduvias).

DURA res, solidê concreta, ob suam duritatem durat diu; immo edurat plura saecula. Ergo si vis ut aliquid durabile sit, fac ut durescat (indurescat); aut condura illud arte, ut fiat duriusculum, atque si potest acquirat duramentum perfectum. Cum hominibus agere duriter cave. Si alii se obdurant contra te, tu obduresce in patientiam, et perdura in virtute.

Dux, v. Ducere.

== E ==

E, v. Ex.

Ea, v. Is.

Eburneus, Ebur, v. Barrus.

EBRIUS est, qui se inebriavit; ebriosus qui gaudet ebriari. Ebrietas igitur accidens est; ebriositas vitium. Sobrius (q. e. &quot;seebrius&quot;, sine ebrietate) agit omnia sobrie; tu ergo stude sobrietati.

EC, adiectio vehementiae, ante C vel Q. Sic: Ecquis hîc est? Eccur venisti? Ecquando, etc.

Ecce, v. En.

ECHINUS, spinosum animal; echinatus, spinis tectus.

Edere, foras dare (primā longā) v. Dare.

EDERE (primā brevi), alimentum sumere; cuius supinum Esu. Derivata inde sic fluunt:

Edit multum edax edo, de quovis eduli edulio, neque potest cohibere edacitatem suam, aut tolerare inediam. Appetit enim magnā esuriê, immo etiam cum non esurit, quaevis esculenta (ut avis escam), evacuans escaria (vel escalia) vasa. Exedensque et comedens omnia, habet tandem miser comedo comêsum patrimonium in hereditatem. Canis, abedit, vel ad-, amb-, obedit ossa; quae si non potest peredere, relinquit ambêsa vel semêsa.

Educare, v. Ducere.

Effectum, Efficax, v. Facere.

Effigies, v. Fingere.

Effusus, v. Fundere.

EGENUS eget (seu indiget) auxilio; tantō magis, quantō maior egestas (seu indigentia) eum premit. Tu ergo indigo subvenias.

Egestas, v. Egenus.

Egestus, v. Egero, in Gerere.

EGO, nota de se loquentis. Mei, mihi etc. v. Me.

Egredi, v. Gradi.

Egregius, v. Grex.

EHEM, vox respondentis.

EHEU, vox dolentis.

EHO, et ehodum, vox vocantis.

EIA, vox hortantis.

EIULAT, qui voce sublatā plorat; sed eiulatio (seu eiulatus) viros non decet.

ELEEMOSYNAM, accipit eleemosynarius ab eleemosynario.

ELEMENTUM est omne simplex, ex quo alia componuntur, quae dicuntur res elementales; sed elementarius puer est, qui elementa litterarum discit.

ELEPHAS (-antis, et elephantus) belua omnium maxima; a qua habemus elephantinos dentes.

Elicere, v. Lacere.

Elidere, v. Laedere.

Elix, v. Liquare.

Elixare, v. Lix.

EMERE, duo significat: (1.) Accipere, sumere. (2.) Accipere, pretio dato, mercari.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Si quis tibi adimit, vel ademit, quod tuum est, aut aliquid de tuo demit (pro &quot;deemit&quot;, vel dempsit), adito iudicem, qui rem dirimat diremptione iustā. Si quis alium interimit, interimetur ipse. Si perimit peremptoriō venenō, citabitur peremptorie, et perimetur quoque. Lapides éxime agro, si sunt exemptiles; eximius eris agricola. Prome tu, prome (et prome-conde), victualia, si prompta (seu in promptu) sunt, e promptuario, debitā promptitudine.

'''Derivata a Significatione 2.'''

EME bone emptor non quod opus est, sed quod necesse, emptione iustā. At emax empturit multa, velletque nimiā emacitate coemere omnia; quia empticia videntur meliora gratutis. Redemptor redimit rem suam.

Eminere, v. Minae.

Eminus, v. Manus.

EN, vox tradentis aliquid. Ecce (ex &quot;ence&quot;), vox monstrantis.

ENIM et etenim, coniunctio causalis.

Enixe, v. Niti.

Ens, v. Esse.

ENSIS, gladius.

Eō, v. Is.

Eo, v. Ire.

Epar, v. Hepar.

EPISCOPUS est inspector ecclesiarum in episcopatu suo.

EPISTULA (epistola) scribitur epistulari stilo, de quaestionibus epistólicis.

EPULUM est convivium publicum, in honorem alicuius institutum. Sed epulas sectans epulo vel cotidie epulatur.

Equidem, v. quidem.

EQUUS, -a, -uleus (vel eculeus), totumque genus equinum hinniunt. Iidem pascuntur in equaria villa, venduntur in equario foro, curantur in equili, domantur ab equisone in gyro, ut omnimode obtemperent equitanti. Eques abequitat domo, perequitat campos, obequitat urbem, inequitat villam; in militia vero accensetur equitatui, et ob facinora equestria fit eques; unde equestris ordo.

Erectus, v. Regere.

Ereptus, v. Rapere.

ERGA omnes esse officiosum, pacis ergo, pulchrum est; ergo memento.

ERGASTULUM est officina; sed ergastulō includuntur ergastuli, quibus praeest ergastularius.

Ergo, v. Erga.

Ericius et Erinaceus, idem quo Echinus.

Erigere, v. Regere.

Eripere, v. Rapere.

ERRAT omnis erroneus, hunc vel illum errorem. Nam erratum est, cum quis aberrat (vel deerrat) de via; aut oberrat circa viam, aut pererrat silvas. Stellae erraticae non sunt tot, quot inerrantes; erro est qui errabundus hinc inde vagatur.

ERUCA, vermis plantas depascens.

ESSE pium, meum est (sc. officium). Tibi estne idem animus? Fuit semper, semperque erit (seu futurus est). Nam Ens aeternum, essentiā suā imperscrutabili, essentialiter nobis adest ubique, abest a nobis nusquam. Homines possunt esse sibi absentes, etiam absentiā longā, et hinc alter alteri deesse, saepe et obesse. Deus omnibus inest et interest, et scit quid inter pium et impium intersit (id quod valde interest nostrā); immo et praeest omnibus, praesens ubique praesentiā perpetuā; praesentans nobis media bona, quae nobis prodesse queant, et prosint. Ecce ita se in praesenti saeculo repraesentat nobis, quomodo capere possumus in praesentiarum. Vultque nos subesse legi suae, quia vult nos superesse, ad futuram aeternitatem.

ESSEDUM (vel esseda) est currus levior, ad homines cito vehendum, quod agitat essedarius.

Essentia, v. Esse.

Esurire, v. Edere.

ET, coniunctio copulativa. Ego et tu debemus discere, et litteras et mores, et pietatem; immo etiam alia bona, quicquid etiam fuerit. Nam ecce, praeceptor etiamnum discit, etiamsi (contracte etsi) doctus sit.

EX, nota materiae, aut termini, a quo. Ut: Ex aqua fit pluvia, quae cadit e nube. (Nam ante consonantem amittit X.)

EXAMEN (-inis), quicquid exit, aut exigitur. Ut examen apum exit alveari; examen librae examinat pondera; examen scholasticum examinat diligentiam.

Excidere, v. Cadere.

Excidium, v. Caedere, et Scindere.

Excipere, v. Capere.

Excrementum, v. Cernere.

Excretus, v. Cernere, et Crescere.

Excusare, v. Causa.

Excutere, v. Quatere.

EXEMPLUM est, cum regulam generalem illustramus speciali specimine, dicentes, exemplii causā (vel gratiā, vel ergo). Sed exemplar (-aris) est futuri operis specimen. Duces aliorum sint exemplares, idest viva exemplaria virtutum.

EXENTERAT coquus piscem, venator cervum.

Exsequiae, v. Sequi.

Exercere, v. Arcere.

Exiguus, v. Agere.

EXILIS vox, auditur exiliter, ob exilitatem.

Eximius, v. Emere.

Existimare, v. Aestimare.

Exitium et Exitus, v. Ire.

Expergisci, v. Porrigere.

Expers, v. Pars.

Exquisitus, v. Quaerere,

Exsilire, v. Salire.

Exsuscitare v. Ciere.

EXTA (-orum) sunt viscera pectoris exempta; viscera tota dissecta. Extispex extispiciō divinabat.

Exterus, v. Extra.

Extorris, v. Terra.

EXTRA domum sita res, extra est; extrinsecus positam dices extrinsecam. Externum opponitur interno; homines exteri (seu extranei) domesticis. Extremum (seu extrimum) ultimum est.

Exuere, et Exuviae, v. Duo, duis.

EXUL (-ulis), patriā eiectus, exulat in exilio.

== F ==

FABA, legumen maximum, crescit in agro fabario, remanente fabali stipulā; inde est farina fabacea (seu fabagina).

FABER (-bri) omnis artifex, malleo aut securi peragens operas suas; quos ita distingues: Faber lignarius fabricat ligna in sua fabrica, e quibus fabre perfabricatur varias fabricas. Simili fabricator est faber ferrarius, aerarius, aurarius, caementarius, scrinarius, aliique fabrilia sua opera affabre fabrefacere gnari.

FABULA est sermo fictus; qualium nobis multa narrat fabulosa antiquitas, et fabulantur adhuc quidam fabulatores suis fabularibus historiis, de quibus confabulari delectat plebem.

FACERE, verbum generalissimae significationis, multa ex se parit, variê explicanda, ut:

Fac recte, nam quod semel fecisti, factum est, infectum fieri nequit. Si quis male factitat, dic ei, &quot;facesse (te hinc), ne mihi facesse molestiam&quot;. Res facilis fit facile (vel faciliter) ob facilitatem; difficilis difficile (seu difficulter) ob difficultatem; nisi adsit singularis facultas (id est, efficiendi potestas), et facultates (h. e. opes). Malum facinus facit facinorosum. Vini factio facit vinum facticium facturae variae, quod factor intellegit. Sed factio seditiosa facit factiosos. Tu us sis factiosus in bono, faxit Deus.

'''Composita I. cum Nominibus, Verbis, Adverbiis'''

Significare (i. e. signum facere), Amplificare (i. e. amplum facere) etc., Arefacere, Calefacere etc. vide sub suis thematibus.

Bene fac cuicumque potes. Factum laudat factorem. Beneficus distribuit beneficia largā beneficentiā; sed beneficiarius exhibeat se gratum.

Male facere cave: factum sequitur poena; quod non curans maleficus subit poenam maleficii sui (seu maleficentiae suae).

'''Composita II. cum Praepositionibus''', ubi facere, feci, factum mutatur in ficere, feci, fectum

Si te afficiunt honore, aut ignominia, et hoc animum tuum afficit gratê vel ingratê, vide ut affectus mentis tuae sit moderatus, secundum virtutem. Affectuosus est immoderatus, affectat iam hoc iam illud, quem compesce affectuosā oratione. Si quid conficere coepisti, confice, sed vide ne te conficias labore. Cum pars rei deficit, defectus est, resque ipsa defecta (seu defectiva). Si subditus a domino deficit, defectio est, ipse autem defector. Si quid efficiendum suscepisti, deduc in effectum. Efficax medicina operatur efficaciter. Inficit colore lanas infector; sed qui hominem inficit venenō, interficit, et interfector est. Tu cave, quod alicui officiat.

(NB. Officina, et Officium, v. Opus.)

Perficit opifex suum opus, ut sit perfectum perfectione debitā, nec illud relinquit infectum aut imperfectum vel semiperfectum. Qui praeficitur aliis, prafectus est, officium eius praefectura. Proficere velle in bono, bona pars profectūs est, profecto. Si vis proficisci aliquo, et profectio necessaria est, proficiscere.

Reficimus rem corruptam; sufficimus in locum amissae aliam.

(NB. Sufficere, pro &quot;satis esse&quot;, aliud est verbum; vide suo loco in S.)

FACETUS est, qui facit aut loquitur iucunda. Honestae facetiae facetosam urbanitatem non dedecent, tu ergo mores infacetosos (seu inficetos) relinque rusticis.

FACIES hominis in vultu est, superficies in tota cute. Quod superficiariê fit, negligenter fit.

Facessere, Facilis, Facultas, v. Facere.

FACUNDUS (sermone iucundus) oblectat facundiā suā suaviter, quod infacundus non potest.

FAGUS arbor fert fageas glandes in silva fagina (faginea).

Falco, v. Falx.

FALLIT homo fallax, fallaciter confictā fallaciā, multos; qui ab illo falsi, falsa quoque ad alios spargunt, pugnantes etiam pro fallitate. Sed utrique vi veritatis refellendi sunt. Qui libros aut monetam falsat, falsarius est.

FALX (falcula), ferramentum recurvum, varii usus. Nam messor utitur falce fêniseca, falce straminiseca vinitor; quas omnes fabricant fabri falcarii. Falco habet valde falcatos ungues, quibus defalcat avibus pennas.

FAMA, est publicus de aliquo sermo, bonus vel malus. Tu bonae famae stude, infamiam vita, alios infamare cave, praesertim famosis libellis, qui faciunt infames. Famosus est diffamatus, in bonam vel malam partem.

FAMEM patiens famelicus est.

FAMULUS, et famula, cum universo famulitio famulantur fideli famulatu eris suis, h. e. patrifamiliās et matrifamiliās. Qui existentes caput familiae, gignunt filiosfamiliās, propagatores amplarum saepe familiarum. Sed familiares inter se diu conversando familiarescunt sibi, fiuntque familiares iucundā familiaritate.

FANUM apud gentiles regebant homines fanatici. Nobis profani sunt, qui templa et res sacras aut non curant, aut profanando foedant.

FAR, frumentum antiquis, in specie crassê molā fractum. Hinc venit farina, pulvis ex contrito farre. Et farrago (-inis), pabulum ex variis frugibus mistum. Et furfur (m.), farinae recrementum, unde panis triplex: farreus (vel farraceus) aut farinaceus aut furfureus (furfuraceus) etc.

FARCIT fartor farturis certis suilla intestina, facitque farcimina; quibus suffarcinatus prodit in forum confertum (differtum) hominibus, exponitque venum confertim. Qui his delectantur emunt, rursumque illis effarciunt (et differciunt, in-, of-, referciunt) viscera sua.

FARI (verba proferre) discit infans in sua infantia, linguā infantili. Vir affabilis, affatur alios blandê, accipitque affatum hominum, etiam sine praefatione. Sed apud morosum praefari aliquid oportet, ne turbet interfando. Res multifarias licet multifariam profari; nempe bifariam, tri-, quadrifariam; omnifariam, et omnifarias, quis speret? Effari certe ineffabilia Dei nemo potest, ut fata divina docent. Nefanda (seu nefaria) facta hominum infandum quam odit Deus.

FAS est, quod fari et facere licet; nefas quod non licet. Ut apud Romanos fas fuit, fasto die exercere iudicia, nefas nefasto. Unde (libri) fasti, dies fastos a nefastis distinguentes.

FASCIA crinali fasciat puella crines; femina pectorali fasciā mammas; viri tibialibus fasciis subligant tibialia; mater fasciat fasciis infantem. Virgo colligit flores in fasces fasciatim.

FASCINUM, est venenum prodiens ex oculis invidis, qui fascinant (et effascinant) res tenellas. Remedium esse credunt, ne nimis laudes; aut non sine voce, praefiscini.

Fastus, -a, -um. v. Fas.

FASTUS (-ūs) est affectata verbis et gestu eminentia; quā turgens fastuosus, omnia humilia (praesertim aliena) fastidit superbo fastidio. Sua vero omnia fastigiat, et tamquam altissimum aedificii fastigium aestimat.

FATERI (fassus sum) est conscientiose effari. Ergo: Fatere quid commiseris? Ne diffitere. Saltem confitere confessori tuo confessione fideli; ibine velis infiteri? Nedum infitiari. Qui se profitetur alteri amicum, professis hostibus eius hostis est. Qui scientias in academia publice profitentur, professores vocantur.

FATIM, satis, abunde; inusitatum, sed composita sic disce: Affatim habes quod agas, et quibus te fatiges, si diligens in officio fueris; defatigatus tamen quiesce.

Fatiscere, v. Hiscere in Hiare.

FATUM est decretum Dei; cuius vi fatales casus veniunt, et a fatidicis praenuntiantur.

FATUUS inconsiderate quidvis fatur et facit, fatuitate suā saepe infatuans alios. Sal fatuum insipidum est.

Faustus, et Fautor, v. Favere.

FAUX (f., sed usitatius Fauces), angusta gulae summitas; cui similes sunt fauces montium. Focale dicitur colli ornamentum, quod praefocat neminem; sed funis suffocat multos.

FAVENT homines cui bene volunt; qui favorem exhibet favitor (contracte fautor) est; qui multorum (fautorum, et fautricum) habet faventiam, faustus dicitur; infaustum contra, cui nemo est favorabilis.

FAVILLA, ardens adhuc cinis; cui similis est favillacea fuligo.

FAVUS (mellis), textura apum, cellulis distincta.

FAX, faculae, candela maior, stupea, pice oblita.

Faxo, v. Facere.

FEBRIS (febricula) facit, ut febriculosus febriat (seu febricitet) cum illum febrili suo frigore invadit.

FEBRUABANT se (superstitiose lustrabant) gentiles Februario mense.

Fecundus, v. Foetus.

FELLE infecta, felleo sunt sapore.

FELES (vel felis) felinis oculis noctu etiam videt.

FELIX est quem sic felicitat Deus, ut illi omnia succedant feliciter; infelix contra, quem sic infelicitat, ut illi cedat infeliciter felicitas quoque sua, et desinat in meram infelicitatem.

FEMINA (vel foemina, dimin. femella) est sexus foetum pariens, feminini generis. Vir femineis moribus, effemiatus dicitur.

FEMORIBUS induimus femoralia.

FENDERE (fendi, fensum) inusitatum. Sed composita cum de-, in-, ob- sunt in usu, sic:

Si alicubi offendis optatum amicum, cave ne offendas ullo offendiculo (offensaculo); nam offensus, non dissimulabit offensam, sed te rursum infensabit. Bellum est vel offensivum, cum offensionem infert hostis infensus; vel defensivum, cum defensor potenti defensione suos ab hoste defendit.

FENESTRA debet esse luminosa; domus bene fenestrata; fenestralia vitra pellucida, qualia eligat fenestrarius.

FENUM est gramen arefactum, quod tempore fenisecii feniseca (vel fenisector, et fenifex) falce fenariā desecat, comportatque in fenile.

FENUS (vel faenus, -oris, n.), annuus terrae proventus; usitatius tamen sumitur pro reditu ex pecunia mutuo data. Sed fenus terrae honestius est fenore pecuniae. Tu cave ab alio pecuniam fenerare, nam fenerabitur quidem tibi, sed feneratō, et feneralia venient. Fenerator captans nimis feneratoria lucra, etiam fenebres (seu feneraticias) leges violabit.

FERA, animal ferum est, efferaeque feritatis; ideo illud amplius efferare cave; nisi quando ob ferinam (sc. carnem) petitur. Homo ferox ferocit ferociā quandoque plus quam ferina.

Feralis, v. Infra.

Ferculum, v. Ferre.

FERE (aut ferme), propemodum.

FERIAE sunt tempus vacationi dicatum, ubi a labore feriamur; diciturque dies feriatus. Festum (seu festa dies) quam festive (festiviter) transigere fas est; sed festivitatem dies profestus non requirit.

FERIRE, est percutere, sed varie. Equus enim ferit bovem calce. Bos ferit equum cornibus. Aper ferit venatorem dentibus. Sagitarius ferit scopum sagittā. Paedagogus ferit puerum petulantem ferula.

FERMENTUM est, quō pistor fermentat massam, donec illa fermentescat; atque tum coquit fermentatum panem.

Ferox, v. Fera.

FERRE (tuli, latum) aliquid in se sumptum transmovere.

'''Derivata a praesenti.'''

Ferax arbor fert fructus suos fertiliter; infertilis non est digna ferri in horto, etiamsi rami eius egregie sursum ferantur - sic ferunt. Ferculum est quicquid cum pompa fertur, in aliquo feretro.

'''Derivata a Supino.'''

Lator, est qui rem fert, qualicumque latione.

'''Composita cum Praepositionibus.'''

Adfer (seu affer, fer) librum; si attuleris, servabo allatum. Aufer rem inutilem; nisi abstuleris, impedimento erit, non ablata. Et cur anteferre velis non utile utili? Conferre multa in cumulum, et conferre sermonem cum amico, et conferre res diversas inter se, et conferre se aliquō, et conferre collationem ad cenam collaticiam saepe valde confert. Tu defer honorem debitum omnibus; defer delatione malignā neminem; delator enim odio habetur. Differre rumorem differas, donec resciscas annon differat a veritate; quod differtur non aufertur. Meliorque est dilatio quam praecipitantia, per quam patescit differentia, veri et falsi. In rebus indifferentibus serva indifferentiam, indifferenter age. Effertur super feretro cadaver, aeque illius qui se efferebat animo elato, ac eius qui sine elatione vixit: cumque perlatum est ad sepulchrum, infertur terrae.

Infer iam illationem tu, qui te praefers aliis, et perfers neminem, annon postferri merearis?

Si quis offert amicitiam, accepta oblatam; et quod proferre vis ipse, ne diu proferas; taediosa enim est prolatio. Cum quis tibi ablatum quid refert, et quomodo factum sit refert, tuā refert, ut id referas ad testes relatione verā, sine superlatione. Suffer laborem, quem sublatum esse cupis. Hortulanus transfert translaticias (seu tralaticias) plantas. Translator autem transfert verba de alia lingua in aliam, fideli translatione.

FERRUM est metallum durissimum; e quo ferrarius faber in ferraria officina, conficit ferrea vasa, aliaque ferramenta. Ferrumen est metallorum gluten, quō ferruminatur argentum; ferrugo autem ferri putredo, quam ostendit ferrugineus color.

NB. Forceps, forfex, forpex, ferramenta sunt bifurcata (diminute forcipula, forficula, forpicula), quorum differentiam et usum, sic observa: forcipe capimus ferrum; forfice scindimus fila; forpice secamus pilos.

Ferula, v. Ferire.

Ferus, v. Fera.

FERVET aqua calore agitata, fitque tam fervida, ut fervore spumet, magisque effervescens effluat; tandem tamen defervescit. Si fervefacis mustum, donec tertia pars deferbuerit, habebis defrutum.

Fessus, v. Fatiscere, in Hiscere.

FESTINA festinê (festinatim, festinanter), si qua festina necessitas confestim aliquid agi urget. Si tamen nimis praefestinê praefestinabis, ipsa festinatio infesta (h. e. molesta) tibi erit, et te infestabit.

Festivus, v. Festus, in Feriae.

FESTUCA, ligni fissi particula minima.

FETUS (vel foetus, -ūs) nascitur ex quocunque animali feto (-us, -a, -um), tempore feturae; si nondum per aetatem effetum factum est. Lepores sunt adeo fecundi, et tam saepe fetant, ut etiam superfetent. Terram fecundat pluvia.

FETIALIS, nuntius pacis aut belli.

FAEX (aliis Fêx) copiosa facit vinum faecatum (faeculentum); quod si defaecaveris defaecatum erit.

FIBRA fluminis alit fibros (canes aquaticos); a quibus veniunt fibrinae pelles. Fibras quaere in radice arboris; fimbriam in veste; fimbriata folia in urtica.

FIBULA est ferramentum aduncum, quō fabri fibulant et diffibulant trabes; confibulā constringunt diffissam arborem. Fibulā infibulamus et refibulamus vestes; fibulā cingulum, fibulā librum. Sed cruris fibulam (cruris os minus) sura tegit.

Fictus, v. Fingere.

FICUS arbor fert ficos, dulcem fructum, ficulnaque ligna in ficeto; caprificus in silva. Ficubus pinguescit ficedula avis; sed ficō (tumere malo) intumescit anus.

FIDELIA, vas fictile ventrosum et ansatum.

FIDES (-is, f.), chorda instrumenti musici; quam dum plectro tangit fidicen, fides (-ium, ipsum instrumentum) resonant.

FIDES (-ei, f.), assensio alterius verbis, et propositum non fallendi. Ergo habe fidem fideli Deo, eique serva fidem (seu fidelitatem) fideliter. Fideiubere pro amico, et adhibitā fideiussione fieri fideiussor ne recusa; si illum vides non tantum tibi fidere et fide tuā fisum confidere, sed et fidum esse, et fiduciā uti erga te. Nimia confidentia tamen noxia est; diffidere praestat, ubi causa diffidentiae adest. Nempe si non ignoras infidum fuisse aliis, vel etiam perfidum, metue tunc perfidiam, etiamsi ille iterando iuret &quot;me Dius Fidius&quot;. (NB. Haec enim vis est illius formulae iurandi, &quot;me Deus fidei puniat, si fallam&quot;.)

FIERI (factus sum) est esse incipere. Quicquid fieri infit (h. e. incipit) debet confieri; aliās incipiet rursum defieri, donec nihil eius superfiat.

FIGERE (fixi, fixum) immittere aliquid aliquō, ut haereat. Nam figimus palum humi, ut stet fixus; infigimus clavos parieti, et illis configimus tabulata; hisque rursum affigimus, aut praefigimus, impages, donec refigantur. Hostes configuntur gladiō, transfigunturque telis.

Figmentum, v. Fingere.

FIGULUS in figulina (et figlina) fingit super figulari rota figlina opera.

FIGURA est externa rei facies, quam sibi artifex mente praefigurat, post in materia figurat, et ideae suae configurat; atque si sic figurata non placet, transfigurat.

FILIUS, et filia, debent parentibus filialia obsequia. Attendite filioli!

FILUM, res tenuissime in longum ducta; e quibus filatim contextis, fiunt filamenta, quae tamen filari oportet. Sartores utuntur filis duplicatis.

Fimbria, v. Fibra.

FIMUS est excrementum iumentorum; eicitur in fimetum.

FINDERE (fidi, fissum) ut aliquid dissiliat cuneo cogere; quomodo lignum fissile facile finditur, durum aegre patitur infindi, nedum diffindi. Pedes animalium bifidi sunt, aut multifidi.

FINGERE (finxi, fictum), e materia molli aliquid formare. Quomodo figulus fingit ollas aliaque fictilia, et plastes fingit e cera imagunculas pulchre fictas, pictorque effigiat effigies. Sed callidus fictor subtili mentis fictione ficticios rumores confingit; affingitque aliis absurda figmenta, aliter atque aliter illa refingens et diffingens.

FINIS finit omnia, et ostendit rei finem, h. e. finalem causam. De finibus agrorum saepe sunt lites, quas finitor definit distinguens agrum tam ab agris finitimis (seu affinibus et confinibus) quam a confiniis indefinitis. Si vero inter affines (affinitate iunctos) iurgia exoriuntur, iudex praefinit diem praefinitum, quō ea finaliter definiat. Nam finitas esse convenit, non infinitas; infinitas Dei est.

Fio, v. Fieri.

FIRMUS, ad persistendum validus; qualis est arx firme (firmiter) munita, h. e. firmata firmamentis murorum. Infirma etenim facile occupatur propter infirmitatem (infirmitudinem). Tu quicquid veri affirmasti et confirmasti semel, in eo te offirma et infirmari ne patere.

FISCUS est corbis, in quo pecunia defertur in fiscum principis, e fiscalibus reditibus, confiscatisque bonis, operā fiscarii (praefecti fisco). Per fiscinam colatur aqua. Fiscellā (vel fiscellō) constringitur mordacis equi os.

Fissura, v. Findere.

FISTUCA, tudes grandis ansata, quā fistucatur (h. e. pavitur) area, aut panguntur pali.

FISTULĀ fistulat fistulator; per fistulam (seu fistulatum tubum) fluit aqua; per fistulam pulmonis respiramus; chirurgus curat fistulam (hoc est fistulosum ulcus, quod fistulavit).

Fisus, v. Fides, -ei.

Flabellum, v. Flare.

FLACCERE, est languore deorsum pendere; quomodo flaccent flaccidae aures, faciuntque flaccum.

FLAGRARE, est impetuose ardere; cuiusmodi flagrantia facit, ut res cito conflagret (et deflagret).

FLAGRUM (flagellum), virgae sunt ad caedendum sceleratos. Dic ergo: Flagellō flagellatur ob flagitium flagitiosus nequam, qui flagitare ausus est, et perpetrare, aliquid inhonestum.

Flamen, v. Flare, et in [[#Residuum Lexici Ianualis, Vocum Peregrinarum Ianuae Inspersarum|Lexici Residuo]].

FLAMMA est flagrans oleositas, cum res flammabilis flammescit, nec ipsa tantum flammat sed et alias inflammat. Colorem flammeum, vocamus flavum; qui minus flavet, subflavum.

FLARE de vento dices, cum vehementer spirat, suoque flatu perflat locum perflatilem, difflatque pulverem, et reflat in faciem viatoribus. Nos sufflamus ignem flabro, et afflando illi aerem, conflamus flammas adeo validas, ut conflaturae metallorum sufficiant. Inflatus inflat buccas, efflatque tumidum spiritum. (Sufflamen, v. suo loco.)

Flavus, v. Flamma.

Flectere (flexi, flexum) rem aliō, vel aliter, vertere. Nam dum flectimus aliquid, inflectimus illud, aut reflectimus, aut circumflectimus flexurā multiplici. Sed res ante flexa, aut flexuosa, non habet opus flexione. Tu si deflexisti de via, reflecte gressum.

FLERE, dolorem lacrimis testari. Qualiter flent pueri, saepe fletu non necessariō. Rem flebilem deflere solet etiam sapiens.

FLIGERE, percutere; inusitatum, sed composita sunt in usu, sic: Cum duo confligunt, quaerit alter infligere alteri flictum, aut effligere illi arma, aut ipsum affligere ad terram, aut ad minimum profligare a se. Omnes conflictamur cum miseriis; sed qui prius afflictis addit afflictionem, efflictim profligatae mentis est.

FLOCCUS, particula materiae textilis decidua; hinc flocci pendere, et defloccatus pannus.

FLOS (flosculus), fructuum in stirpibus praeludium. Dum enim emittunt florem floriferae arbores, florescunt primum, deinde florent, tum deflorent, aut deflorantur, annoque sequenti reflorescunt. E floribus herbarum florulentarum, parantur florea serta. Tu, florida iuventus, effloresce virtutibus pulchre.

FLUERE (fluxi, fluxum) de aqua primum dicitur. Quamquam fluit omne fluidum, et fluore suo diffluit. In primis fluvii et flumina cum suis fluentis, unde veniunt fluviales (fluviatici) pisces, et fluviatum (fluvio maceratum) linum. In mari autem excitantur fluctus, super quos naves fluitant et fluctuant. Hoc fluctuosum mare affluit certis horis ad littora, et refluit; et quia omnia confluvia aquarum ad illud defluunt, et ibi confluunt, circumfluit totam terram. Effluit tamen alicubi in sinus, influitque portubus, et interfluit urbes; subterfluit denique et perfluit (transfluit) cavernas terrae; alicubi rursum profluens largā profluentiā (et affluentiā), ad superfluitatem usque. Tandem omnia sunt fluxa, nos etiam ipsi.

Focale, v. Faux.

Focillare, v. Fovere.

FOCUS locus est in domo ubi ignis fovetur; ubi focarius (vel focaria) focarios panes coquit; unde accepto igne in foculum suffocat domum odoramentō aliquo.

FODERE terram iussit nos Deus panis causā; non fodicando leviter, sed ad sudorem vultūs usque. At quidam malunt e fodina effodere aurum; quod avarus iterum defodit, et terrae infodit; fur autem refodit, et propterea saepe confoditur (aut perfoditur et transfoditur). Qui metuunt hostem, circumfodiunt se, aut praefodiunt portas. Fossor fossat fossas fossoriō, variā fossurā, variosque in usus. Sal fossilis (fossicius, fossiticius) salsior est facticiō. Alia fossilia sunt lapides, metalla etc.

FOEDUS (-eris, n.) est mutuae fidei pactum; quod qui ineunt foederati sunt; qui violant foedifragi.

FOEDUS (-a, -um), turpis. O si agnoscant homines, quam foedê foeda voluptas foedet animam in conspectu Dei! Fugerent foeditatem.

FOETET (h. e. male olet) res foetida, cum foetorem exhalat.

FOLIA, et frondes foliaceas, reperies in arbore foliosa, praesertim latifolia; trifolium in bono prato.

FOLLE coriaceo sufflat faber ignem; folle aere inflato ludunt, ut pilā; folliculus fovet in spica granum.

Fomentum, Fomes, v. Fovere.

FONS est aperta scaturigo, unde promanat fontana (seu fontalis, et fontanalis, et fontinalis) aqua.

FORAMUS lignum, ut fiat foramen. Si quid volumus esse foraminosum, perforamus (et transforamus) crebro.

Foras et Fores, v. Foris.

Forceps, v. Ferrum.

FORDA (vel horda) est bos uterum gestans.

Fore, v. Fuo.

Forfex, v. Ferrum.

Fori, v. Forum.

FORIS (f., sed saepius fores, -ium), quā egredimur foras, ad videndum quid sit forîs, aut afferatur forinsecus (seu a forîs). Forica est latrina publica.

FORMA est interna rei dispositio; quae bona, facit formosos; mala, deformes; nulla, informes. Formator informat formaturas suas primum obiter, ut semiformes sint; dehinc format accurate, secundum formulam certam; sive res futurae sint uniformes, sive biformes, triformes, multiformes. In deformando autem (seu delineando) si quid videt deformari (h. e. corrumpi) transformat ac reformat, conformatque ideae suae, donec videat conformem. Tu si quem vides ignarum rei, informa fideli informatione. Casearia forma dicitur vas, in quo caseus formationem accipit. Paries formaceus e luto factus.

FORMICAE nidulantur in formiceto; perreptantesque (formicino gradu) arbores, faciunt formicosas. Formicatio apud nos pruritus subcutaneus est, similis reptationi formicarum.

FORMIDO (-inis, f.) vehementior metus est; quali quidam formidant mortem, viventibus omnibus formidabilem. Tu ut eam minus formidulose reformides, pius esto.

FORNAX (-acis, f., fornacula), focus occlusus, conclavi calefaciendo destinatus.

FORNIX (-icis, m.), arcuata structurae concameratio, quam murarius fornicat donec confornicata sit. Sed impurus fornicator qui in fornice fornicatur, luet poenas fornicationis suae.

Forpex, v. Ferrum.

FORS (-tis, f.) est quod forte accidit, fortunaque dicitur. Arbitraris autem forte (forsan, forsitan, fortasse, et fortassis) omnia fieri fortuito? Erras: Deus disponit etiam fortuitos casus, et fortunat quem vult. Nec semper est fortunatus qui abundat fortunis, aut infortunatus cui aliquod infortunium accidit.

FORTIS verê ferre potest multa; fortiterque agens, exercitio fortitudinis adeo fortescit, ut alios etiam fortificare valeat.

Fortuna, v. Fors.

FORUM est praecipua urbis area, quō res vendendae feruntur, et ubi olim causae forenses agitabantur. Vinarium forum vas est, in quod uvae comportantur. Circumforaneus erigit in foro foros, medicinasque depromptas e forulis (seu loculamentis cistarum) ostentat clamose. Per foros spatiatur nauta.

Fossa, v. Fodere.

FOVEA, cavum terrae.

FOVERE, est aliquid calidum servare; quomodo avis fovet ova, dum illis incubat, et fotu plumarum pullos excludit, fotosque focillat (seu refocillat) alimentis. Medicus applicat membro laeso, calidum fomentum fomentationis gratiā. Fomes (-itis, m.) confovet ignem, aut accenditur a scintilla.

FRACENT (seu fracescunt) duriora pira, dum putrescere incipiunt; ut fracidae edi queant melius. Sed fraces (-ium, f.) remanent post expressum oleum.

FRAGARI, e Graeco φραζειν, dicere, edicere, inusitatum est, praeterquam in compositis sic: Cum in iudicio ferendum est suffragium, cavebit, suffragari malis, et refragari bonis, bonus suffragator.

Fragilis et Fragor, v. Frangere.

FRAGRAT, quod gratum spirat odorem, quem fragrantiam vocant.

FRAGUM est fructus fragariae.

FRAMEA, gladius pungendo aptus.

FRANGERE rem fragilem facile potes; dura fractionem (seu fracturam) aegre admittit sine frangibulo aliquo; et dum frangescit (frangi incipit) sine fragore. At fracta est? Habes fragmenta. Defringere illi partem, aut diffringere per medium, aut confringere totam in frusta, frustra tentabis, si res fuerit infrangibilis (seu infragilis); solet tamen infringi quassando. Sagitta in corpore praefracta non facile eximitur; facilius infracta. Effractor effringit domos, perfringit fores, refringitque cistas, animo praefracto; sed illi resistit animo infracto qui res suas bene custodit. In regione fragosa (et confragosa) multi sunt anfractus viaeque anfractuosae. Equus refractarius aliquando laedit suffraginem, et sit suffraginosus.

FRATER amet fratrem et fratriam vere fraterno amore; eritque demum vera fraternitas. Audis, fratercule?

FRAUS (-dis, f.) est verbum aut factum fallax. Sed fraudulentos odit Deus, qui fraudulenter agunt, bonosque fraudant (et defraudant).

FRAXINUS est in silvis; fructus fraxineus (vel fraxinus, -a, -um) nusquam.

FREMIT aqua? Fremit ventus? Naturalis est fremitus. Tu fremere irā cave.

FRENDET Aper dentibus concussis; frendere fabam nondum potest nefrens (-dis) nisi fressam.

FRENUM est loramentum, quō frenamus equum, ne relictus infrenatus effrenā licentiā ferociat. Sed eum, cum pascendus est, effrenamus; post iterum refrenamus.

FREQUENS (g. o.) schola est plena discipulis; quam et tu lubens frequenta, h. e. frequenter visita, eris doctus; ipsa frequentia discipulorum te alliciat.

FRETUM, est angustia maris, quā naves non semper tuto perfretant (et transfretant).

FRETUS re aliquā

FRIARE, est digitis terendo comminuere; quomodo granulus salis, et quidvis friabile friatur, infriaturque vulneri, ut sanescat. Vasa fictilia frivola (fragilia) sunt.

FRICA (unguibus tere) dentes dentifriciō qui candidos habere vis. Scabiosa pecus affricat se arbori. Lotrix infricat vas cinere, et perfricat donec rubigo effricetur. Sed homo perfrictae frontis, qui sibi defricuit pudorem, debet refricari usque dum sentiat.

FRÎGERE, est in liquore pingui torrere; quomodo ova frixa parantur, in frixorio.

FRIGÊRE, est frigore (-us, n.) constringi, ut vides in aqua frigida; quae alia rursum frigefacit (seu infrigidat) suā refrigeratoriā vi. Qui frigescit, non opus habet frigidariō, sed caldario. In aestu autem opus est refrigeriō umbrae, aut refrigerante potu.

FRINGILLAS (vel frigillas) captat nisus fringillarius.

FRITILLUS, vasculum aleatorium.

FRITINNIRE, cantillare ut hirundo.

FRONS (-dis, f.) est ramusculus foliis vestitus; de qualibus fiunt tabernacula frondea, ex arbore frondosa; infrons non frondet. At vitis quae minimum frondescit, frondatur a frondatore tempore frondationis.

FRONS (-tis, f.) est suprema faciei pars; quam homo frontosus habet magnam (et dicitur fronto), effrons impudentem. Frontale appenditur equis. Frontispicium est frons aedificii.

Fructus, Fruges, Frumentum, v. mox Frui.

FRUI, est re bonā delectabiliter uti; qualibus si perfructus es, lauda Deum. Fructus dant nobis fructiferae arbores, quos recondere in cella fructuaria, fructuosa res est. Fruges vero proveniunt in frugifero agro; at agricola frugalis cavet defrugare segetem. Tu vide ut sis frugis (seu frugi). Frumentum sunt grana frugum; unde paratur frumentaceus victus. Frumentarius coemit frumenta in frumentario foro; sed milites frumentantur in agris et praediis.

FRUSTRA fit, quod sine fructu fit; spesque frustranea est, quae nos frustrare potest.

FRUSTUM, est fractae rei pars. Frustula (frustilla) panis obicimus cani frustatim (frustulatim, frustillatim); aut etiam frustulentum iusculum.

FRUTEX est minor arbore; excîsus, mox refruticatur; hinc tot fruteta (seu fruticeta) in agro fruticoso (seu frutetoso), si eum fruticare (seu fruticescere) permittis.

FUCUS, herba marina est, ex qua parant fucum colorem, quō fucant faciem, ut faciant fucum oculis, fucatae mulierculae. Quibus similes sunt, qui sermonem infucando parant offucias, fucosi amici; quos si foves, foves pro apibus fucos.

FUGA est, cum quis periculum fugit ut effugiat. Perfugit ergo ad locum, ubi sperat invenire perfugium, vel confugit ad amicum. Aliquando diffugit totus exercitus miserando diffugiō, cum hostis instat et fugat. Profugus e patria, aut tacite suffugit, suffugia quaerens; aut profugit ad exteros; et si quid ibi quoque metuit, refugit aliō, mutansque refugia fit refuga, aliquando et lucifuga. Verum qui ad hostem transfugit perfidus transfuga est. Ignavus defugiens labores palam, aut effugiens clam, confingit mille effugia. Servus fugitivus aufugit a domino. Fugacem feram insequitur venator.

FULCIRE est rem debilem sustentaculo firmare, ut fulta stet diutius. Aedificium ergo praefulcitur tempestivā fulturā, antequam ruat; aut si iam fuit suffultum, sed debilibus fulcimentis, perfulcitur firmius, ne corruat. Fulmenta lecti, et fulcra mensae, non tantum habent periculi.

FULGET sol fulgidus fulgide, cum claro mane affulgens, aut e nubibus libere effulgens fulgore suo circumfulget terram. At fulgur (-uris) est cum fulgurat; si crebro, fulgetrum vocant.

FULMEN, est evibratus e nubibus ignis; et tamen homo fulminatus (fulmineo igne ambustus) frigidior est vulnere quam reliquo corpore, Plinio teste. Si fulminat hieme, prodigium est.

FULICA (et fulx, -icis, f.), avis aquatica.

FULIGO (-inis, f.), fumus condensatus camino adhaerens, fuligineus (et fuliginosus).

FULLO (-onis) parat pannos arte fullonia in officina fullonica.

FULVUS color, e rufo et viridi fulgens.

FUMAT quicquid comburitur. Fumus foci ascendit per fumarium, ubi suspenditur caro, ut infumetur, et infumata, h. e. spissamento fumeo indurata, fiat durabilior. Qui inhabitant casam fumosam, fiunt fumidi; quia omne fumans etiam fumigat. Suffumigat apes, qui ab illis mel quaerit.

FUNDA est funiculus, cui imponit lapidem funditor, et evibrans funditat aves. Est et funda rete piscatorium explicatum, quod stans in ripa mittit ad fundum pérticā, moxque retrahit. In fundam (insutum vesti marsupium) recondimus pecuniam.

Fundamentum, v. Fundus.

FUNDERE, est liquorem spargere. Quomodo fundunt scatebrae aquas; quae sese diffundunt in rivulos, et perfundunt agros. Nos suffundimus, aut superfundimus, et offundimus aquam rebus siccis. Vinum autem infundimus lagoenis per infundibulum; et si quid eius effunditur, refundimus; si quis defundit aliquid, affundimus denuo. Fusor metallorum e metallis in fusorio fusis, et confusis, varieque transfusis, format fusilia (vasa) variae formae. Exercitus proelio fusus, magna cum confusione, sanguinisque profusione, effuse fugit. Tu profundere patrimonium, et esse profusus, cave. Nos autem de his rebus quam fusê loquimur? Esto, dummodo non confusê.

FUNDUS, est imum cuiusque rei. Domum bene fundat, qui ponit fundamentum solidum profundê; aliās corruet funditus. Fundator urbis (templi, scholae) videat ut fundatio sit stabilis. Fundus latifundii bonus fert fruges abunde. Fundulus pisciculus non amat profunditatem; sed fundum saxosum.

FUNGI re aliquā, est in illa peragenda occupari; defungi, ad peragendum properare; perfungi, peragere. Hinc functio, officii administratio; non defunctorie administranda, sed ita ut etiam vitā functus (et defunctus) habeas laudem.

FUNGUS crescit post pluviam e terra fungosa. Sed quaedam fungini generis venenosa sunt. Tu fungum lucernae emunge; ipseque esse fungus cave.

FUNIS est vinculum tortum; qualibus equi trahunt currum, praesertim -funales. Funiculis colligamus fasciculos. Funale (fax magna) praefertur noctu magnatibus.

FUNUS (-eris, n.) corpus mortuum est; saepius tamen pro sepulturae pompa sumitur. Dic ergo: Funus effertur a congregato populo ad funus, cum ritu funebri, h. e. ceremoniis funeralibus, interdum etiam funereis facibus. Domus, unde multi funerantur, funesta est; placet enim aliquando Deo funestare certas familias.

FUO, antiqui usurpabant pro Sum. Nunc tantum praeterito utimur Fui, et infinitivo Fore, sic: Quod heri fuit, cras non est futurum. Quis enim credat fore? Si tibi semper afforet, nec umquam abforet (vel deforet), quod proforet, beatus esses, nunc et in futurum (tempus scilicet).

FUR est qui res alienas clam aufert. Furax non abstinet a furacitate, si occasionem furti videt. Furatur enim quicquid potest, et res furtivas occultat. Qui parva etiam suffurari adsuescit, fit ex parvo furunculo magnus trifur, et dehinc trifurcifer.

FURCA, est pértica bidens (vel tridens) ad aliquid ferendum. Furcam meretur fur, ut fiat furcifer. Surculi sativi non debent esse nisi bifurci, aut trifurci.

FURERE, est insano impetu irae agitari; quamquam et insanus amor furiat; tam furenter aliquando, ut furore non cedat furiosae (furibundae) bestiae, aut ipsis infernalibus furiis (-iae, -iarum). O furialis incogitantia!

Furfur, v. Far.

FURNUS (-ulus) est, in quo pistor coquit panes furnaceos, arte furnaria; quos infert infurnibulo per praefurnium.

FURVUS color, subniger est. Fuscus (quasi furviscus) paulo dilutior. Fuscare (infuscare, offuscare), denigrare est.

FUSCINA, furca tricuspis; fuscinula, dimin.

FUSTIS, lignamentum manuale, ad feriendum. Sed fustigari, servilis poena est; tu cave mereri fustuarium.

Fusus, -a, -um, v. Fundere.

FUSUS, ligillum teres, cuius rotatu netrices fila torquent, tortaque illi circumvolvunt.

FUTIS (et futum), vasculum infusorium olim; a quo vas futile quod facile liquorem effundit. Coquus futat (et confutat) ollam ferventem, affusā frigidā. Tu quod homo futilis sine ratione effutit, confuta (et refuta) rationibus.

Futurus, v. Fuo.

== G ==

GALEUS color, viridê luteus est, ut in ave galeula.

GALEAM gestat galeatus miles; galerum nunc Iudaei; galericulum servit tegendae calvitiei; galerita avis est.

GALLA, nux fungosa in glandiferis arboribus (praeter fructum legitimum) proveniens.

GALLUS est dux gallinarum, sicut gallina ipsa pullorum gallinaceorum, cum ad gallinarium reducendi sunt; gallicinium antiquis pro horologio fuit; gallulascere est gallinaceā raucedine laborare; gallo-pavo, avis, gallus indicus.

GANEA (vel ganeum) est latibulum, ubi ganeones luxuriae vacant.

GANNIRE, vulpium est; quem gannitum imitatur, qui aliquid exprobrans alteri obgannit (vel oggannit).

GARRIT qui inutilia loquitur; quaeritque garrulus gerro congerronem. Tu inutilem garritum, et garrulitatem, fuge.

GAUDET qui afficitur sensu praesentis boni; sed utinam semper gaudium sit bonum!

GAUSAPE (n. indeclinabile) est stragulum villosum.

GAVIA, avis riparia.

GELU, est vehemens frigus, faciens omnia gelida; et sic gelans aquas, ut flumina congelascant, immo mare fiat congelatum. Sed egelidus Notus regelat quicquid circumgelatum fuit. Gelicidium sine nive noxium est segetibus.

GEMIT (maestê suspirat) aegrotans maritus; gemit viduata marita, alii vero gemitu pio illi ingemunt (seu ingemiscunt).

GEMINUS dicitur duplus; ut sunt fratres gemini (seu gemelli) simul nati. Si tertius connascitur, dicuntur tergemini (vel trigemini). Qualem partum si gemellipara geminat (congeminat) aut etiam ingeminat, auget valide familiam.

GEMMAS habet arbor ante folia, quando gemmat (seu gemmascit). Sed pretiosas gemmas et gemmea sigilla, et gemmatas torques, gemmarius vendit. Cerebrum draconis vivum exemptum gemmescit.

GENAE, faciei latera sunt, sub oculis.

Gener, et Generare, v. Genus.

GENERE, antiquê fuit quod nunc Gignere (genui, genitum) dicimus. Unde quae fluunt vide. Gignere liberos Deus mandavit coniugibus; genitis autem honorare suos genitores et genitrices, ex quorum sanguine progeniti sunt; ut se probent filios genuinos. Quippe ipse genius (naturae indoles) pietatem hanc requirit; eāque boni genii (congenitos angelos, et omnes spiritus, sic vocabant antiqui) oblectantur. Geniali die vivunt genialiter, nisi genitura sit infelix. Primogenitus est carior postgenitis; unigenitus carissimus, cari tamen etiam qui aliquō congenito, et ingenito charactere primigenios progenitores referunt, progeniemque continuare apti censentur. Sed et indígena praefertur alienígenae.

Genius, v. Genere.

Gens, v. Genus.

GENUA subligamus genualibus (sc. fasciis); congenulamus autem (et ingeniculamus) in genua procumbentes; genicula sunt in segete, quae iam geniculavit.

GENUS (-eris, n.) est genitorum series. Et genera rerum sunt varia. Generalisque vis omnium animalium est, generare sibi simile. Sed generosa natura progenerat prolem generosam, ingeneratque toti genti gentilem (gentiliciam) generositatem; exceptis degeneribus, qui licet congeneres sint, a virtute tamen generatorum suorum degenerant. Gener et progener, quia ad propagandam per filias quoque gentilitatem aliunde assumuntur, sunt quasi bigeneres. Extra ecclesiam vivunt gentes, h. e. homines gentiles, seu gentilitas, qui obcaecati gentilismo gentilibusque superstitionibus, non regenerantur.

GERERE (gessi, gestum) ferre aliquid et agere significat, cum derivatis atque compositis suis, hoc modo:

Gerit gerulus (seu gestor) onus, si non est ingestabile; geraria vero infantem, placidā gestatione.

Navis gestoria gestat merces, quas mercator gestit divendere; delicati gestitantur sellā gestatoria, a gestatoribus; gestamina divitum sunt monilia, torques etc.

Consul gerit consulatum gestione tali, ut gesta eius digna sint regeri non tantum in regesta alicuius privati, sed et in annales publicos. Tu gere te honeste; ne te gere pro alio quam es; amicis gere morem, qui aliquid boni suggerunt; malis autem suggestionibus resiste. Ingerere te negotiis alienis, aut exaggerare tuas res, et oggerere aliis naevos suos, cave. Aggerunt et congerunt terram, qui opponunt aggerem aquis; dumque aggerant, ut aggestum sit firmum, intergerunt lapides, et progerunt trabes, ac circumgerunt palos; quomodo et milites aggeres suos ex congesticia humo faciunt. Congeries est cumulus congestarum quarumvis rerum. Nos ingerimus ventriculo cibum, superingerimusque potum, ut digeramus digestione debitā; indigestas vero faeces egerimus foras, per egestionem naturalem; quae egeries porcis dat gratum pabulum. Orator e suggesto perorans, habeat gestus modestos; nimis esse gestuosum, et gesticulari, gesticulatorum est.

GERMANUS frater, est eodem germine (ex eodem patre) natus. Si diliget fratrem germanê (seu germanitus), vera germanitas erit.

GERMEN (-inis, n.), h. e. surculum recens enascentem, si praecîdes arbori valide germinanti, regerminabit certo, egerminabitque densius.

Gerro, v. Garrire.

Gestio et Gestus, v. Gerere.

GIBBUS (-i, et gibber, -eri) est tumor, in dorso, qui deformat hominem gibbum (seu gibberum, et gibbosum).

GIGAS immanis giganteā est staturā.

Gignere, v. Genere.

GILVUS color, subalbidus est.

GINGIVA, caro dentium.

-GINTI, et -ginta, in numeris compositis significat decem, ut viginti (q. e. &quot;bis ginti&quot;), triginta, quadra-, quinqua-, sexa-, septua-, octo-, nonaginta.

GIRGILLUS, rotula, cochleae, super quam funis currit; rota netricum.

GLABRA cutis, est depilis, animalium quae aut glabrent naturā, aut glabrescunt morbo, aut glabrantur (seu deglabrantur) manu, vel flammā, vel caudente aquā. Glabretum est terra, ubi gramen nullum provenit.

GLACIES fit hieme, aestate nihil glaciat. Glacialis Oceanus habet balaenas.

GLADIUS paratur a gladiario, usurpatur a gladiatore, cum in ludo gladiatorio discunt gladiaturam. Sed rixosi digladiantur linguā.

GLANS, est fructus quernus, quem ut et glandem faginam colligunt tempore glandationis in silva glandaria; sicut iuglandes in hortis. Sed glandula est induratus in carne humor.

GLAREA, est scrupulosa arena, in glareosa tera.

GLEBA, est frustum terrae in gleboso agro.

GLIS (-ris, m.), mus maior.

GLISCERE, crescere; de igne dicitur, de aqua.

GLOBUS (corpus rotundum) habet globosam figuram. Globulis ludunt pueri, globulis adstringimus vestem. Est et globus militum; qui si e pugna fugiunt globatim, conglobant se denuo.

GLOCIT gallina ovis incubatura.

GLOMUS fit, cum glomeramus fila in globum.

GLORIA vera (fama cum laude) comparatur gloriosis factis; sed gloriabundus, ne inglorius vivat, ipse de se et gestis suis gloriatur, gloriator.

GLOS (-ris et -tis), mariti soror.

GLOTERAT ciconia.

GLUBIT (et deglubit) arborem, qui decorticat; glubit pecudem, qui excoriat; granum frumenti, qui illi aufert glumas.

GLUTEN (et glutinum) est materia tenax, e rebus glutinosis parata, quā glutinantur (et conglutinantur) asseres, rursumque dissoluto glutinamento deglutinantur et reglutinantur. Glutinatores olim agglutinabant chartas in longum, faciebantque volumina.

GLUTIRE, est per gulam in stomachum demittere; sed qui avide cibos deglutit, gluto est.

Gnarus, v. Noro, in Noscere.

Gnatus, v. Natus.

Gnavus, v. Navus.

GOBIUS (et gobio), pisciculus.

GOSSIPIUM est, ex quo paratur tela gossipina.

GRACILIS corpore, est non crassus. Vis gracilescere? Ieiuna.

GRACILLANT gallinae, ova parturae.

GRACUS (et graculus) avis cornice minor.

GRADI (gressus sum) est incedere pedibus alternatim promotis. Ergo tu, gradere gressu lento, ne confundas gradum, praesertim per gradus, et alia gradata loca ascendendo, rursumque gradatim descendendo. At eques insidens equo gradario, aggreditur hostem animosā aggressione (aggressura); congrediturque cum illo virili congressione, etiamsi aliquando digredi, aut praetergredi, aut etiam regredi (seu retrogredi) necesse sit. Nempe si primō aggressu, et congressu, res non cessit ex voto, prudenti regressu, ingreditur sua castra, ut iterum egrediatur. Tu progredere in studiis, atque si progressum in iis vis bonum, et non fieri retrogradus, cave transgredi leges methodi, a primo statim ingressu etc.

GRAECUS loquitur Graece; quamquam moderni Graeculi misere graecissant. Loquuntur quidem Graecanice, sed barbarisimos magis quam graecismos; Graeciam ipsam mare Graeciense alluit.

GRALLAE, sunt pérticae quibus insistentes grallatores, altius a terra gradiuntur, graduque grallatorio, i. e. magno.

GRAMEN, gramineumque pabulum, crescit in graminoso campo.

GRAMA (vel gramia), sudor oculorum concretus.

GRANDE dicimus, quicquid magnum crevit. Arbuscula sata crescente lunā granditer grandescit; decrescente, non ingrandescit ad tantam granditatem. Grandiloquus scit res suas grandire verbis; ut licet vegrandes sint, praegrandes videantur.

GRANDO, est pluvia congelata, cum e grandinosa nube grandinat. Sed grandines in carne suis faciunt eam grandinosam.

GRANUM frumenti reperies in granario; granatum malum, totum est granosum. Granum in pharmacopaeo, est minimum pondusculum.

GRASSARI, violento gressu ferri, ad bonum vel malum; grassationes nocturnae in academiis prohibentur, grassatores puniuntur.

GRATES age Deo, cuius gratia te conservat. Gratus esto beneficiorum, ut gratus ei sis. Hominibus quoque fac gratê (gratificare) quacumque re potes, gratîs. Gratuita Dei dona in quocumque homine vides, gratare (gratulare) sincerā congratulatione. Si quis erga te gratiosus est, excipe gratê, habe illi gratiam, et age gratiam, et refer gratiam, si potes; non ingratîs, sed ultro. Nihil facias ingratiis alicuius; ita omnibus gratiosus eris. Ingratus beneficii, ingratus est bonis. Verbo: gratitudo et ingratitudo sunt, quorum gratiā quis felix aut miser est.

GRAVE onus graviter gravat gravitate suā baiulum; qui illud diu ferre gravatur, gravatê incedens sub ingravescente magis magisque onere. Mulier gravida (gravidata) parit prolem. Vir gravis gerat se graviter, gravitatis causā; sed aetate gravis saepe praegravatur gravedine, et fit gravedinosus; quem ne gravare solari.

GREMIUM, dependens infra cingulum vestis pars, in quā (manibus sublatā) gestari potest aliquid.

GREX (m. et f.) est pecudum agmen quarum quaeque delectatur gregalibus suis. Gregaria (una e grege non primaria) aggregatur aliis, ut gregatim pascantur; sed egregia segregatur ad saginandum. Tu ut humanae congregationi servias egregiê, stude.

GROSSUS (et grossulus, m. et f.), fructus arboris novellus, nondum maturus; grossus moneta.

GRUMUS (grumulus) minimus terrae cumulus; gleba.

GRUNNIRE, porcorum grunnitus est.

GRUS (nobilis avis, ciconiā formosior) inter volandum sonorê gruit; volatuque congruō, pulchre sibi congruunt, et in pascua ingruunt; atque sic prae aliis avibus (incongruê volitantibus) congruentiam servant. Videbis et gruem ligneum in emporiis, ad ripam fluminis, extrahentem de navibus merces.

GUBERNAT navem gubernator, gubernaculō ligneo; sed magistratus gubernat rem publicam, gubernaculō prudentiae.

GULA, canalis alimenti ab ore in ventrem descendentis, cui dediti, gulosi gulones degulant omnia. Volunt enim (ut ingluviem suam gulosae aves) semper habere refertam.

GUMMI (n. indecl. et gummis, -is, f., et gumma, -ae) est succus arboris cortice exstillans; nam fere omnes gummosae sunt, et gumminant. Nos autem gummamus vasa, a qua gummatione illa fiunt gummata. Ex destillatione vero fit oleum gumminum.

GURGES (profundus in amne locus) ingurgitat in se aquas, rursumque egurgitat.

GURGULIO (-onis, m.) est supremum operculum gutturis; gurgustium vero obscura domuncula.

GUSTU cognoscimus alimentum, quomodo sapiat quod gustamus. Pincerna vinum degustat gustatoriō. Principis cibos et potum praegustat praegustator.

GUTTA, minima liquoris pars; guttus et guttulus, vasculum angusti oris, unde aqua odora capiti; et gutturnium, unde aqua manibus lavandis, guttatim inspergitur. Perdix guttata dicitur, quia veluti guttulis conspersa est.

GUTTUR tracheae pars superior, ad fauces; gutturosus, magnum gutturis nodum habens.

== H ==

HABENA, retinaculum freni.

HABERE, sub potestate tenere; sed latissimō varioque sensu, quod ex sequentibus cognosces. Si habes domum, et illam habes pro utili, et habes te in ea bene, habe, sive habita (et inhabita), illam. Nam bonum habitaculum dat habitatori commodam habitationem; desertum inhabitabile est. Quid praeterea? In vestibus utere habitu simplici; sed habitum prudentiae compara tibi firmum, ut sis habilis ad munia. Inhabilem tamen ne irride, quia ut habitudo corporis, sic habilitas mentis, a Deo sunt. In bono exhibe te strenuum, et adhibe vires; in malo cohibe te, et inhibe alios. Prohibe mendacia, et perhibe testimonium veritati; quam ne posthabe ulli rei, antehabe omnibus. Si tibi venditor falsā merce imposuit, redhibe eam illi. Ita habeberis vir bonus.

Hāc, v. Hic.

Hactenus, v. Tenus.

HAEDUS (haedulus, haedillus, haediculus), pullus caprinus. Tractus ex haedili dat haedilem carnem.

HAERET, qui progredi non potest; haesitat, qui haerere incipit. Aliquando adhaeret nobis aliquid, et cohaeret aliud quid, aut inhaeret. Haesitat animo, qui rem non satis intelligit; haesitat linguā, qui adhaesê loquitur. Tu si attendes ubique cohaerentiam rerum, et scies amoliri obhaerentia impedimenta, sapies.

HA HA HAE, vox ridentis.

HALARE (et halitare) est spiritum, aut vaporem, emittere. Ut fit, cum sol adhalat terrae calorem; terraque exhalat suas exhalationes, tunc horti halant floribus, et inhalant odorem naribus. Anhêlus senex halat crebro halitu, eōque halat sanitatem. Tu vero pius esto usque ad extremum vitae halitum.

HALEC (n., et halex, halecula, et alex, f.), piscis marinus salsus.

HALLUS (et allus, et hallux), pollex pedis; unde hallucinari, impingere ad aliquid; et dehinc labi per errorem, errare.

HAMA, uncus ferreus, quō aedificium incensum discerpitur; et qualibus fabri hamant trabes; hamō piscatur hamiota.

HARA, stabulum porcorum.

HARIOLUS, divinatorum quoddam genus; quorum hariolationes quales fuerint, hariolare, si potes.

HASTA (contus praeferratus) tenetur hastili; gestatur vero ab hastato; seu in bello, seu in hasticis ludis.

HAUD, et haut, idem quod Non.

HAURIT aquam haustor e puteo haustrō. Vinum vero potator exhaurit e cyatho haustim, etiam magnos haustus, inexhaustum barathrum.

HEBES, est acumine carens. Sed hebetudo securis unde est? Si talis facta, per se hebet; si non uteris, hebescit a rubigine; si ad secandum nimis dura adhibes, hebetatur ictibus.

HEDERA, herba longissima, scandens arbores et muros; ex qua (quia semper viret) faciunt hederaceas coronas.

HEI, vox ingemiscentis.

HELCIUM, loramentum collo equi circumdatum, quō vehiculum trahit; helcium fartum aliud est.

HELLUO (et hêluo), immoderatus vorator aut potator, qui helluatur.

HELVUS color, medius inter rufum et album; quale est hélvolum vinum.

HEM, vox admirantis.

HERBA, planta minor frutice, et mollior; quas in herboso campo colligit herbarius. Seges herbida, quia herbascit (herbescit) invito agricolā, exherbatur. Fera herbatica pinguior fit, quam herbilis anser. Corona herbacea non retinet diu herbeum colorem.

HERES (-edis, m. et f.), occupans bona demortui, adit hereditatem, hereditario iure. Si coheredes adsunt, herciscunt inter se heredium, nisi quis exheredatus sit. Exheredes enim non hereditant (s. a. v.).

HERI, die praecedente, seu hesternā.

HERNIAM (h. e. rupturam et tumorem scroti), patitur herniosus.

HERUS (erus) et hera, regunt familiam imperio herili.

HEU (et eheu), vox dolentis.

HEUS, vox vocantis.

HIARE, esse ore aperto; quomodo hiat qui oscitat; terra hiat aestu, et flores hiant (seu hiascunt) dum se aperiunt. Timidus non audet hiscere, h. e. aperire os. Terra hiatu suo aliquando dehiscit homines; ipsa vero fatiscit, h. e. fit abundê hiulca. Sed canis cursu fatiscens, cum defetiscitur, aut iam defessus est, inhiat aquae (vel aquam) appetitu indefesso.

Hibernus, v. Hiems.

HIC, HAEC, HOC, rei praesentis nota. Dic ergo: Hic, quem tu hîc quaeris, abiit hinc, abhinc triennio; nec adhuc rediit. Ad haec rumor advolat hinc illinc, quod vagetur huc illuc, transeatque hinc inde. Inter haec tamen transiit ille hāc, abiitque iterum dehinc. An huc rediturus sit posthac, incertum est.

HIEMS, seu hiemalis anni pars frigida, facit ut etiam mare hiemet, nosque cogit hiemare (seu, quod usitatius dicimus, hibernare) in hibernaculis. Milites quoque hiberno amant hiberna (sc. loca).

HILARIS conviva prodit laetitatem internam externis gestibus, hilaritateque suā, exhilarat alios, ut et ipsi hilarescant, hilariterque agant.

HILLA, farcimen tenuissimum.

Hillum, v. Ile.

Hilum, v. Hir.

Hinc, v. Hic.

HINNIT equus sonoro hinnîtu, cum adhinnit aliis equis. Hinnuli sunt pulli cervini generis.

HIR, est vola manūs (a χειρ, manus). Hinc veluti diminutivum, hilum, medius volae scrobiculus, non magna res. Ne hilum quidem, contractê nihilum, et nihil, et nil. Non nihil est aliquid. Nihil non, omnia.

HIRCUS, caprarum mas, sudat hircum, id est purulentum quid, e hirquis; hircosi quidam viri hircinā libidine hircum olent, corpore plerumque hirti (seu hirsuti, et hispidi). Adolescentes hirquitalliunt.

HIRUDO, vermiculus aquaticus, cuti adhaerens.

HIRUNDO, avicula aestiva tectis haerens, ubi hirundininos nidos invenies.

HISTORIA est rei gestae circumstantialis narratio, quam scribit historicus historicā fide, dum res historiales in monumenta refert. At histrio aliena gesta repraesentat histrico habitu, et histrionico gestu, quae ars histrionia et histrionale studium, vocatur.

Hiulcus, v. Hiare.

Hodie, v. Dies.

HOMAGIUM est iuramentum fidelitatis, quod subditi praestant principi suo.

HOMO, animal rationale, sit erga alios homines, utpote humanae naturae consortes, humanus, agatque cum illis humanê (seu humaniter). Inhumani sunt semihomines, indigni dici homines, sed homuli (homulluli, homunciones, homunculi). Interim humanitus nobis accidunt defectus.

HONOR (seu honos, -oris), est laudabilis alicuius status ob virtutem. Honorant enim viros honorabiles honorificê, quamquam et inhonoros vidimus quandoque honoratos; id tamen fit honorariis saltem titulis, dum nolunt videri inhonori. Vere honestus amat honestatem, honestatque (et cohonestat) suos. Inhonestus contra inhonestat se ipsum, suorum autem fit dehonestamentum.

HORA, est vicesima quarta pars diei naturalis; cui si addis semihoram et sesquihoram, habebis trihorium. At horarium (horologium) discriminat spatia horaria.

Horda, v. Forda.

HORDEUM, genus frugis hirsutum, contunditur ab hordeario, ut fiant pultes hordeaceae.

HORNŌ (i. e. hoc anno) nascitur hornum (seu hornotinum) vinum.

HORRERE est pavore tremiscere; uti fit, cum horrida febris horrorem infert, abhorrereque cibos cōgit. Sed et alia horrenda (horribilia) faciunt ut cohorrescamus. Tu horresce peccata inprimis, si non vis exhorrescere mortem, et iudicium.

HORREUM est repositorium frugum, sub custodia horrearii.

Horsum, v. Versus, in Vertere.

HORTARI est ad aliquid faciendum verbis impellere; quomodo ad bonum hortatur, a malis dehortatur, bonus hortator. Si videt segnem, adhortatur denuo, et exhortatur acrius, quibuscumque hortatoriis (hortativis) sermonibus. Pii vero sese cohortantur, ad pietatem, sanctis hortaminibus.

HORTUS (hortulus) est ager herbis arboribusque hortensibus consitus, sub custodia hortulani.

HOSPES (-itis) est, qui advenam domo excipit; hospes, qui excipitur. Hospes activus cum hospitā sunto hospitales, excipiantque hospites passivos hospitiō hospitaliter. Inhospitis, ubi non licet apud quemvis hospitari.

HOSTIA, sacrificium.

HOSTIRE, par pari referre; quomodo beneficia hostimus, cum grato hostimento redhostimus. Frumenta admensa aequamus hostoriō.

HOSTIS, veniens hostili animo, exercet hostilitatem hostiliter, in hostico (solo).

Humanus, v. Homo.

HUMERE, est esse plenum vapore fluido. Omne autem humidum humore suo humectat alia, ut humescant ipsa quoque.

HUMERUS (umerus), summitas brachii est; humerosus homo, humeris latis; humerale, tegumentum humorum.

HUMUS (i. f.), superficies terrae. Quod iacet humi, humile est; quod se tollit humō indebitê, id humiliamus. Sed humamus cum quem sepelimus; cui interdum humato, vel etiam inhumato, filius nascitur posthumus. Tu esto humilis: nihil tutius humilitate.

Hyems, v. Hiems.

== I ==

IACÊRE, est prostratum esse. (NB. Cubare, voluntarium est; Iacêre sine motu.) Exemplii gratiā, Italia iacet Germaniae meridiem versus; cui praeiacent Alpes, adiacet Dalmatia (sed hîc interiacet mare Adriaticum), obiacet Sicilia, circumiacent et subiacent minores quaedam insulae.

IÁCERE, sublatum quid violenter mittere. Ut: Nauta iacit bolidem uno iactu. Aleator iactat saepe talos; iactabundus iactator, iactitat res suas iactanter; tu iactantiam abice. Abiectus animo non audet sperare nisi abiecta ab aliis. Traicere flumen facile est, si commodus adest traiectus. Sed quando navigantibus in mari obicit se procella, et illis circumicit fluctus, et supericit undas, et conicit ex una abysso in aliam, et minatur disicere aut deicere in profundum, et sic metus naufragii inicitur, coniecta quō animo esse soleant? Horror traicit corda miserorum, faciuntque iacturam omnium rerum, cum iactura sua. Belligerator quaerit sibi subicere alios, ut plures habeat subiectos; sed coacta subiectio intuta est, invenit obices (N. obex, pro &quot;obiex&quot;, obiectum impedimentum).

Iactare, et Iactura, v. Iácere.

IACULUM est quicquid in hostem iacitur; quod iaculari et scitê eiaculari discit iaculator in campo iaculatorio. At in aquam mittere iaculum (h. e. fundam) non tantae artis est.

IAM, nota temporis est, aut praesentis aut modo prateriti, aut mox futuri. Dic ergo: Estne iam hîc? Iam abiit, aut, iam veniet. Iamiam adero, et loquemur iam hoc iam illud. Iamdudum hoc scire debeas; iam vero non disces?

IANUA, quā itur in domum, cuius custos ianitor est, antiquis dictus ianus; a quo Ianuarius mensis, aperiens anni ianuam.

IBEX (-icis, m.), capra silvestris, mirae pernicitatis.

Ibi, v. Ubi.

Idcircō, v. Circus.

Iccere, iaciendo tangere; sive lapide, sive gladio, sive telo; ictus (-a, -um) autem dolet, ob inflictum ictum (-us, -ūs).

Id, Idem, v. Is.

Identidem, v. Ita.

IDIOTA (-ae, m.), vir privatus, curet sua privata (negotia), publicis se ne immisceat. Idiota (illiteratus) debet ad minimum callere idioma (h. e. linguam) gentis suae, cum idiotismis (proprietatibus) eius.

IDŌLUM, est simulachrum; in specie Dei idōla formare, artis est; idōla adorare, impietatis. Quod tamen faciunt idolatrae, habentes idolatrium pro pietate.

IDONEUS (muneri suo aptus) agit idoneê.

IECUR (-oris et -inoris), officina sanguinis. Si cui dolet, iecinorosus est. Etiam avicula habet iecusculum.

IEIUNUS (cibo non pastus) est qui ieiunat in die ieiunii. Oratio ieiuna eius est, qui res tractat ieiunê; qualem ieiunitatem tu cave.

IENTAT, qui sumit ientaculum, h. e. matutinum cibum.

IGITUR, particula conclusiva.

IGNIS facit suā ignea vi, ut res ignescant. Accenditur igniariō; transfertur ignitabulō. Tu, cui est ignîtum ingenium, cave esse ignis fatuus.

Ignobilis, v. Nobilis.

Ignorare, v. Noscere.

ILE (n., plur. ilia, -ium) intestina gracilia; ileus, ilium morbus; iliacus (et iliosus), qui morbum hunc patitur.

ILEX (-icis, f.), quercus durior; cuius ligna ilicea (et ilignea, et iligna) dicuntur.

Ilicet. v. Licet.

Illatio, v. Latio in Ferre.

ILLE, -a, -ud; illic, illaec, illoc (compositum ex Ille et Hic). Illūc, illic, illāc, illinc.

Illecebrae, et Illex, -icis, v. Lacere.

Illex, -egis, v. Lex.

ILLICO (seu îlico), illic mox, statim in loco.

IMAGO (-uncula), est simulacrum alicuius rei; quam si mente solum imaginamur, est imaginatio. Quidam valde imaginosi delectantur etiam imaginariis rebus.

Imbecillis, v. Baculus.

Imbellis, v. Bellum.

IMBER (-ris, m.), pluvia dense pluens; decidit ab imbrido caelo; defluit autem per imbrices imbricati tecti.

Imberbis, v. Barba.

Imbuere, v. Buere.

IMITARI, est alterius exemplum sequi; quod si est imitabile, imitatio facilis est; si inimitabile, frustra tentabit imitamen imitator.

IMMANIS numerus, innumerabilis est; immanis gigas terret ipsā immanitate sua; immanis tyrannus tractat homines immaniter.

Immensus v. Metiri.

Imminere, v. Minae.

IMMO, vel imo, particula affirmationem augens.

IMMOLARE, idem quod sacrificare (proprie molā, i. e. farre molito).

Impedire, v. Pes.

Imperare, v. Parare.

IMPETARDA, impetu ardenti portas perrumpens instrumentum.

Impetrare, v. Patrare.

Impilia, v. Pileus.

Impostor, v. Ponere.

Impotens, v. Pos.

Impulsus, v. Pellere.

Imus, v. Infimus, in Infra.

IN quod studium venisti, in eo mane, in id incumbe; vagari mente ineptum est.

INANIS locus (in quo nihil est) inaniri non potest. Potest anima exinanîri, ab inanibus inanitatibus, quibus inaniter occupantur, qui amant inanias.

Incendere, v. Candere.

Incentivam, v. Canere.

Incessere, v. Cedere.

Incestus, v. Castus.

Inchoare, v. Chaos.

INCÎLE (g. n., plur. incilia; vel inciliae, et incilae, et -es), fossa, pro aquae fluxu effossa.

Incisum, v. Caedere.

Inclutus, v. Cluere.

Incolumis v. Columna.

Inculcare v. Calcare.

Incus, v. Cudere.

Incutere, v. Quatere.

INDAGARE feram, est per odorata vestigia inquirere; quod canes indagatores, indaganter faciunt, feramque ad indaginem compellunt.

Inde, v. Unde.

Index, Indicium, v. Dicare.

INDICUM, color.

Indidem, v. Dem.

Indigena, v. Genere.

Indigere, v. Egere.

INDIGES (-etis), ex homine Deus factus (gentili superstitione); indigetare (et indigitare), invocare, vocare, nominare. Indigitamenta (-orum) rituales libri Ethnicorum.

Indoles, v. Olescere.

Induere, v. Duo, duere.

INDUCIAE, suspensae ad tempus hostilitates.

INDULGERE alicui, est plus aequo permittere; ut facit indulgens mater, corrumpens nimiā indulgentiā liberos.

INDUSTRIUS (et -iosus) vir commendatur a sua industria, cum nihil agit nisi industriê.

Inermis, v. Arma.

Iners, v. Ars.

Infans, v. Fari.

Inferus, v. Infra.

Infestare, v. Festinare.

Inficere, v. Facere.

Infitiari, v. Fateri.

Infimus, v. Infra.

INFRA, est nota sitūs sub alio. Ut: Infra nos est, quod infra est, nempe infera loca, inferioresque inferi (sc. spiritus) cum infimo inferno (-um) infernisque tenebris. Inferiae fuerunt funerales ceremoniae; inferiale autem (et inferale, et ferale) epulum, unoque nomine feralia, convivium pro demortuis. Quaedam aves sunt ferales.

INFULA, velamen capitis sacerdotis.

INGENIUM, ingenita vis cuiusque rei, in specie humanae mentis, quā pollent ingeniosi. Qui est bono ingeniō, ingenuus dicitur, facitque omnia ingenuê, pro ingenuitate suā.

INGENS (g. o.), valde magnus.

INGLUVIES, v. Gula.

Ingruere, v. Grus.

INGUEN (-inis, n.), pars corporis circa pudenda.

Iniquus, v. Aequus.

Initium, v. Ire.

Inquilinus, v. Colere.

INQUINARE te non vis? Fuge inquinamenta omnia.

INQUIO, aio, dico; inquit, inquam (pro &quot;inquiebam&quot;).

Insidiae, v. Sedere.

Insipidus, v. Sapidus.

Insitus, v. Serere.

Inspergere, v. Spargere.

INSTAR (-aris, n.) aequalitas rei. Hinc ad instar (et sine praepos. instar) montis.

Instaurare, v. Staurare.

Instinctus, v. Stinguere.

INSTITA, taenia assutae fimbriae.

Institor, v. Stare.

Institutum, v. Statuere.

Insulsus, v. Sal.

INSULA, est terra undique circumfusa aquis; peninsula cohaeret unā parte continenti. Inhabitant eam insulares, gubernat insularius. Quaedam maria valde sunt insulosa.

INTEGER (-gri), intactus et illaesus, dehinc inculpatus. Vis ergo tibi famam integram? Vive integrê; integritas optimum scutum. Aegrotas? Et vis integrascere? Medicus tibi valetudinem integrabit, Dei ope. Sed incipe ab integro diaetam, si non vis redintegrari morbum.

INTELLIGIS (seu intellegis) quid loquar? Si nondum intellexisti, attende. Intellectum rerum tibi formo, quia tibi usui non erunt, nisi intellectae. Intelligenter igitur tecum ago, ut evadas intelligens.

INTER, interea (et interim, vel interibi), interdum.

Intercus, v. Cutis.

Interdiu, v. Dies.

Interficere, v. Facere.

Interimere, v. Emere.

Internus, v. Intus.

INTERPOLARE, est attritam vestem dissuere, inversamque perpolire, ut videatur nova; quod interpolator facit, vestemque interpolem (interpolatam) pro nova vendit.

INTERPRES fidus, interpretatur sermonem non intellectum fideli interpretatione, donec interpretata intellecta sint.

Interstitium, v. Stare.

Interula, Intestinus, Intimus, v. Intus.

Introitus, v. Ire.

INTUS, et intra, notant situm in occluso, vel motum ex occluso. Habent sua derivata, quorum sensum sic disce:

Si scire vis, stans foris, quinam amici intus, intra domum, sint, intrato domum; aut eos evoca intus foras; aut saltem inspice intro (vel introrsum). Res intraneae (seu internae) melius cognoscuntur intrinsecus. Interula, est interior thorace. Inter membra interanea (seu intestina) longissimum est intestinum. Amico intimo, patere debent intima intimê, priusquam intimentur (i. e. publicentur) aliis.

Invicem, v. Vix.

Invitus, v. Vitare.

IOCUS (verbum ludicrum) est condimentum sermonis, si quis ita iocatur, ut dicta iocō prosint serio. Nimis iocosus (seu iocabundus), et qui rebus iocularibus (ioculariis, vel ioculatoriis) plus satis delectantur, nimiā iocatione ioculariter tempus perdunt.

IOVIS (-is, m.), ethnicis summus Deus (quem in nominativo saepius Iupiter, q. e. &quot;Iovapater&quot;, vocarunt). Iupiter planeta eius stella. Iovis dies, feria quinta hebdomadae. Veiovis (q. e. malus Iovis), daemon.

IPSE (-a, -um), non alius, ipsemet, ipsus, ipsissimus.

IRA (inflammatio ad vindictam) licita est, si quis irascitur malis; illicita, si iracundus nimis facile, aut furenter excandescit. Tu nihil fac iratus, sine prius defervescere iracundiam.

IRE, semel est; itare, itionem iterare. Si abire aliquō opus est, et abituris, ne differ abitionem (abitum); si cogitas adire alium, cognosce an pateat aditus. Ambit locum, qui circumit (sed circuitiones dant ambages); ambit puellam, qui eam quaerit uxorem; ambit honores, qui captat anteire aliis, talisque ambitio, ostendit ambitiosum animum. Cum duo (vel pauci) coeunt, coitio est; cum plures, coetum dices. Propera exire de loco, cui imminet exitium, aut aliquid exitiale (exitiosum), si patet exitus; nisi enim fugis, malus exitus te opprimet. Cum aliquid singulare inimus (h. e. inceptamus) est initium; ut, cum initiamus initiales discipulos, ut habeant sua initiamenta. ¶

Multi mortales, mox ac introeunt mundum, intereunt, atque sic interitum cum introitu iungunt. Sed et nos ceteri, hodie forte vegeti obimus, et munia obimus, cras mortem (vel morte) obibimus. Ergo qui sapis exspecta obitum tuum, non obiter. Sed qui nos morte praeeunt, non propterea pereunt, aut dispereunt. O quam multi securê praetereunt caelestia, et nimis depereunt terrena! Quae tamen praeteribunt, illique unā deperibunt; nam quicquid nunc praesens est, mox erit praeteritum. Qui redit peregrê, mox a reditu requirat in suos reditus, quomodo administrati sint. Vir fortis subit pericula, orta subito (et desubito) subitaneō consiliō. Transi flumen, ubi transitus est; transitorias vero res, cura transitorie (transeunter), quia vita transit subito.

IS, ea, id; iste, ista, istud; idem: istic, istaec, istoc (pro &quot;iste hic&quot;, &quot;ista haec&quot;, &quot;istud hoc&quot;); istîc (ubi iste est), istinc, istāc, istō, et istōc, et istorsum. Eā (sc. viā) eō, (sc. loco) eō (sc. fine) ideo ideoque. Eō magis; adeo (usque eo, usque adeo). Idem, eadem, idem: identitas.

ITA sentit Salomo, itemque Plato, alii Philosophi itidem, quod casus iidem redeant identidem. Itaque nihil novi sub sole.

ITER (itineris, n.) est itio in via, et ipsa via. Qui ingreditur iter, induit vestem itinerariam; qui facit itinera magna, consignat ea itinerariō (-um, n.); si iter iterat, scribit iterum (seu iterato).

IUBA (-ae) sunt crines a collo animalis iubati penduli; iubar vero lucidior stellae radius, instar iubae se spargens.

IUBET quis malum quid? Ne facias iussum eius, etiam millies iussus; bona vero fac etiam iniussus.

IUBILAT, qui prae laetitia clamat, iubilō (-um, et iubilatu) non semper iucundo. Annus iubileus dicitur, in quo singularis aliqua gratia populo conceditur.

IUCUNDUS sermo (delectationem afferens) auditur iucunde; res iniucunda nihil habet iucunditatis.

IUDICAT (h. e. ius indicat) iustus iudex iustê, cum exercet iudicium non secundum proprium iudicium, sed secundum leges, ad quas tamen rectê intelligendum opus est iudiciō acutō; ut autem queat recte inter partes diiudicare, et sic citra praeiudicium rem alteri abiudicare, alteri adiudicare, iubet res iudiciarias agi iudiciali processu.

IUGERUM, est portio agri 120 pedes lata, et bis tanto longa.

IUGIS fons manat iugiter.

Iuglans, v. Glans.

IUGULUS (et -um), anterior colli pars, quam homini praescindere iugulare est. Sunt et iugula ossa iuguli ima.

IUGUM est tignamentum, quō iugarius boves iugatorios aratro iugat et adiugat, finitoque labore rursum abiugat, postridie denuo coniugat, tum rursum vinculis iugalibus seiugat; donec ita saepius subiugando efficiat subiugales, et coniugos (seu iuges). Similis sors est coniugum, qui copulā coniugali coniunguntur, ad facilius ferendum multiiugas aerumnas coniugii. Equi currui praeiuncti sunt bigae (contractê, pro &quot;biiugae&quot;) vel trigae, quadrigae, seiuges vel octoiuges. Dicitur etiam iugum scapus bilancis, et in temone currūs, ubi equi funibus alligantur; et lignum cui textores stamen circumvolvunt; et in longiore ponte sublicio iunctura una; et in vinea pérticae obliquae, ubi vites iunguntur; et iugum montis, cacumen oblongum. Iugamentō vero pannifices distendunt pannos; iugamentō vitrarius includit fenestram.

IUMENTUM, est quadrupes domestica maior, operarum nostrarum adiumentum. Unde mola iumentaria, quae iumentis versatur.

IUNCUS (herba palustris enodis, et sine foliis) et iuncetum reperiuntur in iuncosis locis; e quibus pueri plectunt iunceos (vel iuncinos) corbes. Vitem iuncidam (vel eiuncidam) vocant gracilem.

IUNGIMUS res, quas volumus esse iunctas; coniungendo eas iunctim tam arctê aliquando, ut iunctura non appareat. Aliquando illis subiungimus alias, rursumque abiungimus (vel deiungimus, seiungimus). Amicis iniungimus aliquid blande; subditis iniungimus severê, adiunctā comminatione, ut coniunctim agant. Auriga cum equum transiungit, prius eum ab altero, cui adiunxerat disiungit.

IUNIPERUS dat oleum iuniperinum.

Iupiter, v. Iovis.

IURAT, qui vindicem iniustitiae Deum invocat, iuramento (seu iureiurando) confirmans veritatem. Iudex adiurat eum, cui iniurato non credit, ut iurato fateatur verum; quamquam homo malus etiam iuratus falsa loqui audet, sanctê deierando et tamen periurando (sive peierando), h. e. periurio conscientiam aggravando, periurūs. Quidam temerê eiurant res per se bonas; alii impiê abiurant rem creditam; alii coniurant in alicuius perniciem, impiā coniuratione coniurati.

IURGARE (et iurgari) cum aliis, et excitare iurgia, gaudet iurgiosus iurgator; dignus quem omnes obiurgent obiurgatione crebra verbisque obiurgatoriis.

IUS (iuris, iusculum) cocti cibi liquor est; quomodo cocta caro dicitur iurulenta (et iussulenta); placenta vero rara iurea. Quibusdam cibis paratur ius spissum, vel ius piperatum et ius nigrum, vel ius gelatum.

IUS (iuris) est Dei et rectae rationis iussum; quod qui dicit, iure dicat, iuridico (seu iurediciali) processu; sitque iuris peritus, ut in iuris dictione sua defendat affectos iniuriā adversus iniurios (seu iuriosos) alios iniuriosê tractantes, iuxta iurisprudentiae leges. Quando iustitium est (quasi, &quot;ius-stitium&quot;, cum ius sistitur), abstineat se a iurisdictione. Iustus vir studet iustitiae, iniustus iniustitiae. Merces iusta, iustê datur mercenario. Mortuis iusta (sc. officia) iniustê negantur.

IUVARE alios, quocumque iuvamine si quem iuvat (h. e. oblectat) habebit et ipse adiutorem Deum. Adiuva ergo ubicumque potes; immo crebro adiuta fideli adiutu, quicunque eget adiutorio tuo.

IUVENIS, tu homo succrescens, si vis fieri senex, custodi iuventam (vel iuventutem) tuam a malo! Parce tuo iuvenili corpori, ne agas nimis iuveniliter. Senes iuvenescere non possunt; sed solent iuvenari, adsueti iuvenilitati. O iuniores, audite seniores! O iuvenculi et iuvenculae, nolite esse ut iuvenci et iuvencae, quibus non est intellectus.

IUXTA te sum: asside iuxta (vel iuxtim).

== L ==

LABAT (seu labascit) quidquid ad ruinam inclinat; labitur autem, quod ruit. Senex prae senio subinde lapsat. Domus labilis, et ventis labefactata, nisi restauratur, collabitur et dilabitur. Pluvia delabitur nubibus, perlabitur aerem, illabitur flumina; quae allabuntur urbibus, aut illas praeterlabuntur, et elabuntur in mare. Tu stude servare famam a labe, conscientiam a peccatorum lapsu; orans Deum, ut te non sinat prolabi in malum, aut (si surrexisti) relabi.

LABIA sunt oris margines, quae magna habet labiosus labeo.

LABOR est cum difficultate coniuncta actio; quem laboriosus homo non refugit, sed laborat laboriose, semper allaborans ut elaboret. Si tamen laborat morbo, quaerit collaboratorem, ne maneat opus inelaboratum.

LABRUM, vox homonyma. Nam in labro considentes lavamus, in labro aquam perticis duabus duo portamus. Fluvius lambit sua labra, et labrosus homo mordet sua labra.

LABRUSCA est vitis agrestis; labruscum, uva agrestis.

LAC (succus uberum) est primum nostrum alimentum. Matres enim (quia quicquid cibi assumunt, id lactescit) lactant prolem, proles vero lactet. Et a lactatu (seu lactatione), i. e. postquam ablactati sumus, venire ad lactaria (seu lacticinia) naturalissimum est; neque nutrimentum lacteum facit podagram. Bos igitur lactaria melior delico (ablactato porcello). Collactanei sunt uberibus eiusdem nutricis pasti.

LACERARE, est molle quid in frusta (vi non magna) dissolvere. Lacerna tamen (vestis vilis propter pluviam iduta) melior est integra, quam lacera aut semilacera; tametsi talis sit, ut delacerari, aut etiam dilacerari possit.

LÁCERE (lexi, lectum), provocare blanditiis. Inusitatum, sed composita sic: Alliciunt incautum deliciae, illiciuntque in periculosas illecebras, ut aves illices (seu allectores) pelliciunt alias delectabili cantu in laqueos. Delicatus habens in deliciis delicatos cibos, et delectamenta corporis, non delectatur fere aliis, quam illectamentis sensuum. Tu cave aliena arcana elicere (seu prolicere), aut pellicere ad malum, quibuscumque pellecebris, aut pellacibus verbis. Pietas te oblectet, optima animae oblectatio (seu delectatio). Pellex (maritum ab uxore pelliciens) et quicumque in pellicatu vivit, reddent rationem Deo.

LACERTUS est manūs pars, a cubito ad carpum; lacertosi sunt robusti. Lacerta genus serpentis pedatum (et quasi lacertosum).

LACESSERE aliquem (ad iram vel pugnam) cave; nam lacessîtus non feret iniuriam.

LACRIMA (vel lacryma), humor ex oculis profluens. Tu quid lacrimas (vel lacrimaris)? Quid lacrimabundus exclamas? Ad quid tot lacrimosi fletus? Tam lacrimabile bellum Europae quem non faciat collacrimare? Si quis non illacrimari tantis malis potest, ferreus esto.

LACINIA, pars vestimenti pendula, assuta; quae inde laciniata, et laciniosa dicitur.

LACTES (-ium, f.) sunt in animali terrestri intestina tenuia, sub ventriculo conglobata; lactes in piscibus masculi signum, unde piscis lactarius.

Lacteus et Lacticinia, v. Lac.

LACTUCA, herba acetariis apta.

LACUS (-ūs) est stagnum maius, habens aquas defluas, pisces lacustres. Lacus vas, ubi vinum vel cervisia conficitur, amplum et apertum. Lacuna ubicumque aqua stat, ut in campo lacunoso; est lacuna in saepe; lacunar autem (seu laquear) in lacunato conclavi.

LAEDERE, indebitê tangendo vulnerare; omnis enim laesio noxia. Ut cum navis alliditur ad scopulum, vel illiditur in fundum, forti allisu (et illisu); nam non manet illaesa. At nos collidendo chalybem silici, elidimus ignem.

LAETUS (animo simul et vultu gaudens) est, quem res laetae laetificant. Tu, cui obveniunt multa laetabilia, ut ne laetitia sit noxia, laetare in Deo, ipsumque lauda laetê.

LAEVA manus sinistra est; et laevorsum (seu laevorsus), sinistrorsum.

LAGOENA, laguncula, vas vinarium portatile.

LALLARE, infantiliter loqui.

LAMBIT canis aquam, dum exsertā linguā velociter attrahit; lambit felis patinas. Liguritor allambit (et delambit, praelambit) quicquid illi bene sapit, circumlambens labia.

LAMENTUM est deploratio cum eiulatu; quomodo lamentatur, cui aliquid lamentabile accidit.

LAMIA, spectrum femineā formā, infantium sanguinem sugens venefica.

LAMINA et lamella, sunt metalli frusta in tabellas redacta; quas laminat laminarius.

LAMPETRA, piscis lambens petras.

LANA (ovium pili) tondetur de lanatis ovibus copiosê, quando lanicium (vel lanicia, i. e. grex laniger) bene lanosum est. Hanc emit lanarius, venditque rursum lanificibus gnaris lanificii, qui laneos pannos texunt. Lanugo adhaeret lanuginosis arboribus.

LANCEAM (hastam in medio amentatam) gestat lanceatus miles, h. e. lancearius; lanceola spiculum est.

LANCINAT cutem qui unguibus aut rostro concerpit.

LANGUET res languida cum viribus deficit; elanguet (vel oblanguet, relanguet) cum languore conficitur.

LANIAT (in frusta discerpit) capillos et amictum, qui valde luget; laniat bestia ceteras animantes, crudeli laniatu. Lanius (vel lanio) mactat pecudes in laniena, earumque carnes vendit in laniario (seu lanigna taberna) super mensa lanionia. Lanista docet gladiatores, quomodo se dilanient.

Lanicium et Lanugo, v. Lana.

LANX, patina lata, minus profunda. Librae patella, lancula, vel langula.

LAPIS est varius (ut lapis molaris, lapis fissilis in tabellas, lapis bibulus, pumex etc.). Cum volumus exstruere lapideas aedes, eruuntur lapides e lapicîdinis a lapidario, et edolantur variê a lapicîda. Ager lapidosus elapidatur. Quaedam ligna lapidescunt. Deus vero lapidare iussit eum, qui dilapidat patrimonium, Deut. 21, v. 20-21.

Laquear, v. Lacus.

LAQUEUS, funis ad illaqueandum (h. e. capiendum) feras vel aves, tensus. Vitis ablaqueatur, cum circumfossa liberatur a radicibus noxiis.

LAR (laris, m.) apud gentiles fuit genius domesticus, custos domūs; lararium, sacrarium domesticum; larva, lar spectandum se exhibens; tum facies ficta vultui imposita; quomodo larvati repraesentant alienam personam.

LARDUM (vel laridum), caro suilla pinguis salita, quā traiectant assaturas macilentas.

LARGUS opum (abundans) sit largus manu, ad largiendum pauperibus; sed largê (et largiter) delargiri (et elargiri) eō tantum, ut videaris, vana largitas est; largitionibus corrumpere iudices, impium.

LARIX (-icis, f.), arbor abieti cognata odorifera; larignum lignum cariem non sentit.

LASCIVUS nequam, lasciviā petulans, lascivit ut pecus lascivê (et lasciviter).

LASSUS est, quem labores lassārunt; fit autem ut semel delassatus, facilê rursum lassescat, et lassitudinem sentiat.

LATERES (lapides cocti), e quibus fiunt aedificia latericia, coquuntur a laterario, in lateraria.

LATERE (freq. latitare) qui vult, quaerit latibulum, in aliquo latebroso loco, ubi degat latenter. Peccator autem ubi quaeret latebram, in qua oblitescat, ac deliteat?

LATERNAM, receptaculum lucernae, facit laternarius, et domino suo praefert laternarius.

LATEX (-icis, m.), omnis liquor dicitur, in specie scatebra.

LATIUM, regio Italiae, ubi nata Latina lingua, diffudit se per gentes. Nam ubi non invenies Latinum, quocum Latinê queas loqui? Ergo disce Latinitatem, sed puram.

Lator, v. Ferre.

LATRARE, caninā voce iram effundere; qui latratus naturalis est cani, sed homo qui bonos allatrat, loquentibus oblatrat, et percitus irā, arcana elatrat, malitiosus est.

Latrina, v. Lavare.

LATRONES (-unculi) olim erant milites, latrocinantes (id est, servientes) ob stipendium; nunc sunt praedones exercentes latrocinium in viis publicis; in quos inquirit latrunculator. Ludus latrunculorum est, ubi bellum repraesentando, disponuntur latrunculi, super tabula latruncularia.

Latus, i. e. sublatus, v. Ferre.

LATUS (-a, -um) fluvius latê se diffundens, quō magis fluxum prolatat (i. e. prolongat), eō magis latescit; donec in maximam latitudinem dilatatus (et collatatus), mari se infundit.

LATUS (-eris, n.) dicimus dextrum et sinistrum, tametsi corpus quadrilaterum sit. Arma lateraria, vocamus gladium; dolor lateralis, pleuritis est; collaterales, sunt cognati a latere.

Laudare, v. Laus.

LAURUS, arbor perpetuo virens, crescit in laureto, habet pulchras laureas frondes, quibus coronati victores dicuntur laureati; oleum laurinum est pretiosum.

LAUS (-dis), rei benê aestimatae praedicatio. Ergo ne lauda, nisi eum qui aliquid laudabile egit. Adulatorii laudatores collaudant, immo dilaudant, etiam illaudata facta, laudatione noxiā.

LAVARE, aquā purgare est. Praeteritum habet -i, supinum -tum, et -atum, et -otum. Unde formantur hae voces: Lavat lotrix linteamina, elavatque diligenti lavatione (seu lotione), ut bene lauta sint; semilauta vero relavat novā loturā. Qui lautitiam amant, saepe lavant in lavacro (-um), praesertim in lavabro (seu labro). Per lavatrinam effunditur e culina colluvies; per latrinam, aliae sordes. Lautia erant honoraria, externis legatis missa lautissima, manibus illotis non tangenda.

LAVENDULA, herba.

LAXUS arcus (non valde tensus) non opus habet laxari; vestem laxam, sed cingulo valde constrictam, relaxamus. Laxitas confert ad respirandum laxê. Historiam prolixam enarrare prolixê licet; alibi prolixitas sermonis odiosa est.

LECTUS, lectulus, est locus super quo quiescimus; quem sternit lectisterniō lectisterniator. Supellectile (n., et -is, f., et supellex, -ectilis) olim lectisternia, hodie omnes reculae mobiles, quam curat servus supellecticarius. Lecticā gestantur delicati, a lecticariis.

LEGARE, est personam cum mandato mittere; ut cum princeps mittit legatos cum legativo (i. e. viatico) ad alios principes, aut ablegat iudices delegatos ad subditos suos; aut relegat a se facinorosos. Socius legationis collega est; quos decet concordia, ut et omnes in quocumque collegio viventes collegas. Cum aliquis moriturus aliquid alicui legat, et iste legatarius (cui legatur) isto legato contentus non est, allegat aliquem ad legatorem, et allegat ius suum, et allegat exempla, etc.

LEGERE, legi, lectum, duo significat. (1.) Aliquid sparsum tollere. (2.) Verba scripta oculis colligere.

'''Derivata et Composita, a Significatione 1.'''

Dux belli legit milites, non ita confusê, ut solet legulus dum legumina colligit. Nam quaerit lectos tantum, utpote sustentandos publicā collectā rursumque inter collectos, habet delectum. Quia non deligit elegantes formā, aut inelegantes, sed quos videt esse diligentes, eos ob diligentiam diligit, et alligit; negligit vero negligentes, ob negligentiam. Tum ex toto collecto (seu collecticio) agmine, seligit, ordinatque legiones ex milite legionario, relinquens alios auxiliis; et ex illis, si exercitus sparsus recolligitur, sublegit, novā selectione etc. Electores eligunt electione liberā quem volunt. Aquilex curat aquilegium. Coronariae mulieres delectantur florilegio. Tu si fueris diligens, eris praeceptori dilectus, etc.

'''a Significatione 2.'''

LEGIT lector lubens scripturam legibilem, relegitque lectione iteratā, ut si quid fuit illectum, aut non intellectum, novā perlectione patescat. Levicula sublegit cursim, notabiliora praelegit aliis, aut dat praelectori, pulchra collectanea.

LEMURES (m.), umbrae mortuorum, spectra.

LENIS (non vehemens) aura lenit sudantem viatorem lenê (leniter) afflans lenimine (lenimento) suavi. Fac et tu delenias (vel delinias) alios, lenitate morum, ceu suavi delenimento (seu delinimento).

LENO impurus, et lena impudica, impiā lenoniā arte, exercent lenocinium; sed lenocinium verborum, lenocinatur auribus.

LENS (-dis, f.), pediculi foetus, adhaerens capillo; sed lens (-tis, f.), legumen piso minus. Lendes non edunt lentes, sed cutem.

LENTIGO (-inis, f.), macula in corpore subrufa, qualibus deformatur lentiginosus.

LENTUS, talis ut flecti possit, nec frangatur, dehinc motu tardus. Arcus lentus, habens lentitiam bonam, bene potest lentari; si induruit, inditur fervidae aquae, vel cineri, et lentescit denuo. Arbor lentiscus dat resinosum lentorem, et lentiscinum oleum. Tu esto ad iram lentus, et ubi lentitudo melior est quam praecipitantia, age lentê.

LEO, quadrupes generosissima est; cor leoninum etiam de humano dicimus; lea (et leaena) parit leunculos; leopardus est semileo et semipardus.

LEPOR (et lepos, -oris, m.), suaviloquentia, quam habet sermo lepidus; barbarus est illepidus.

LEPRA, scabies profunda carnem depascens; leprosi sunt miseri.

LEPUS (-oris, -usculus) fera delicatior; leporinus adeps sanat vulnera.

LESSUS (-ūs, m.), lugubris eiulatio.

LETUM, (poetis) mors; letale, mortiferum; letaliter aegrotans raro revalescit.

LEVIR, uxoris meae (aut mariti mei) frater.

LEVE (-is, sine pondere) onus fertur leviter; et quicquid habet levitatem, id levare, ac elevare, leviculum est. Vides aliquem gravatum? Releva, ut sentiat levamen. Nolle sublevare miserum, nequidem levidensi (vel -o) munusculo, immisericordia est; irridere etiam, levitas, quod faciunt leves mente.

LÊVIS res habet superficiem tactui aequalem; aspera ut accipiat lêvitatem (seu lêvorem), lêvigatur (seu lêvatur), et allêvatur vel delêvatur.

LEX (iuris et aequi regula) docet sanctione legali, quid ad mentem legis latoris (qui legem tulit) agendum sit. Sed an agatur legitimê (h. e. legi consentaneê) cognoscit leguleius (qui leges legit et interpretatur), ut in illeges (legi non subiectos, petulantes) animadvertat magistratus. Exlegibus (lege exceptis) conceditur privilegium (privato homini data lex), sed ut privilegiarius nihil agat illegitimê.

LIBARE, duplex verbum. (1.) Labiis gustare. (2.) Vinum aut mel sacrificio affundere.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Delibat cibos, qui alteri praelibat; illibatum (et indelibatum) dicitur intactum.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Sacerdos libabat libum (placentam) et alia libamina (libamenta) delibutus unguento. Sed liba mellita, parat libarius.

LIBER (-ri), cortex arboris interior; quam antiqui delibrabant, faciebantque libros a librariis scriptos, et in taberna libraria venditos. Libellos ferebant libelliones; libelli famosi vetiti sunt.

LIBER (-a, -um; sui iuris et potestatis) utitur rebus suis liberê, progignitque liberos, consortes libertatis suae; quā si donat servum, facit libertum, cuius filii libertini sunt, plusquam semiliberi. Homo liberali mente liberalis est in alios, ostendens liberalitatem ubi potest; illiberalis omnia facit illiberaliter. Quem quis liberat e periculo, est eius liberator.

LIBET (seu lubet, i. e. placet) aliquid honesti agere? Age libens (aut libenter) summaque libentiā quidlibet. Sed cui allibescit (collibet) prolubitu agere, malum est prolubium. Libîdo libidinosum libidinari cogit.

LIBRA, idem quod as, unciae; et libra instrumentum res librandi. Nam libripens (qui res librā pensat) librat merces librā, h. e. libraminibus eō destinatis; dum se librant super librili. Ut autem perlibret, videt num res sit libralis (unius librae) an bilibralis, tri-, quadrilibralis; atque tum illi opponit libram, aut selibram aut sesquilibram etc., donec libramentum ostendat aequilibrium. Tunc enim patet librans et libratum esse aequilibria, et rem recte delibratam. Tu si quid serio agendum est, delibera prudenti deliberatione, etc.

LIBURNA, et liburnica, navis celer.

Libum, v. Libare.

LICET, duplex verbum. (1.) Liberum est. (2.) Prostat venale.

'''Derivata et Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Licet agere licita, non licet illicita. Licentia quosdam corrumpit; eos videlicet, qui dum nimis licenter agere volunt, prolabuntur in licentiam malam, fiuntque licentiosi.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Cum res venalis licet, emptor eam licetur, facitque licitationem. Sed si licitatori alius contralicetur, plerumque plus pollicetur. Tu autem si quid pollicitus es, habe ratam pollicitationem. Licet sint, qui pollicita non praestent, egregii homines, scilicet! Quos imitari si tibi libet, ilicet.

LICIUM, instrumentum textorium, e filamentis contextum, quō diductō aperitur stamen ad excipiendum tramam. Unde bilix (et trilix) tela duplici (et triplici) texta licio.

Lictor, v. Ligare.

LIEN, viscus in sinistro latere, atrum humorem attrahens; lienicus (et lienosus) ex liene laborans.

LIGARE, vinculis constringere; quod habet varios usus, neque ligamina sunt unius modi. Caligas colligamus ligulis. Femori subligamus subligaria: Fronti praeligamus frontalia. Libris illigamus chartas. Lictor lictoriis loris circumligat, et perligat maleficum; tum ei post tergum religat manus et alligat palo. Chirurgus obligat vulnera ligamentis idoneis ad deligandum; est enim istuc obligatus.

LIGNUM, corpus plantae (dimin. ligillum). E ligno et fruticibus lignosis struunt lignea aedificia fabri lignarii. Sed lignator lignatur in silva; peractaque lignatione, convehit ligna in lignarium (nunc etiam dicunt lignile). Herbae quaedam etiam lignescunt.

LIGO (-onis, m.), instrumentum fodiendi ferreum.

LIGUSTRUM, arbuscula.

LILIUM (herba magno flore insignis) crescit in lilieto, unde oleum liliaceum; sed lilium convallium minuto est flosculo, sed odoratissimo.

LIMĀ (ferramento incîsuris asperato) limamus (h. e. radimus aut polimus) metalla, delimando asperitatem, et elimando ut niteant; a limaturâ remanet limatura.

LIMAX (-acis, m. et f.), cochlea sine testa.

LIMBUS, est sutela in margine vestis, ne retexantur filamenta; ideo enim limbus obducitur, a limbolario.

LIMEN, trabicula ostii transversa duplex; subliminare et superliminare reperiuntur in qualibet ianua; non item liminaris lapis. Eliminare dicitur, qui quod intra domum agitur, spargit foras. Multi captivi, vel aliās eliminati, recuperant sua postliminio, iure postliminii.

LIMES (-itis, m., signum dividens agrum ab agro) limitat agros. Limitaneus miles custodit provinciam. Res quaeque habet suos limites; extra quos ne procurrat, limitanda est, limitatione certā.

LIMPIDA aqua, est purê clara, perspicuae limpitudinis.

LIMUS, lutum ex aquae putredine relictum; quomodo limosa est tota Aegyptus, quia quotannis oblimatur a Nilo flumine.

LIMUS (-a, -um; aut limis, -is, -e) oculus fit, cum collimamus ad scopum.

LINEA (funiculus lineus) cretata, extensa super mensam, sublataque et demissa, facit lineam pictam in mensa, rectiorem quam si ad ligneam lineam, h. e. lineale lineares illam. Pictor delineat lineamenta picturae. Sagittarius collineat ad scopum.

LINERE (et aliquando linire; lêvi, lítum) est aliquid molle crassê inducere. Ut linit vietor dolia pice, infunditque ita litis liquorem, et oblinit epistomium luto; relinitque cum promendus est potus. Lituras facimus in libro liturario; in quem quidvis notabile illinere licet; sive allinendo ad marginem sive interlinendo textui; quod si postea displicet, lituramus etc.

LINGERE mel, et delingere de cochleari, puerilis linctus est. Sed lingurire et ligurire, et liguriendo patrimonium abligurire, morbus est ligurionis, curandus non liguritione, aut linctu (h. e. medicinā lingendo assumenda) sed fame, aut pistrino.

LINGUA, lingendi et loquendi instrumentum; dimin. lingula (et ligula). Unā linguā loquimur omnes linguas, quas callet aliquis bilinguis, tri-, quadrilinguis etc. Linguax loquitur nimia, elinguis nihil, elinguatus impeditê. Tu esse bilinguis cave, immo et linguosus.

Linire v. Linere

LINQUERE (liqui, lictum), sinere, omittere. Linque peccata! Cave delicta. Nam si quid quod faciendum est delinquis, delinquis. Si studium virtutum relinquis, derelinquet te Deus. In deliquio solis, paucula lux nobis est reliqua; in deliquio animi, tenues reliquiae virium. Reliquator partem debiti solvit, partem reliquatur.

LINTER (-ris, m. et f.), navicula ex uno ligno excavata; alveus ligneus quō aquantur pecora.

Linteum, v. mox Linum.

LINUM, herba cuius semine pascitur avis linaria, et e cuius corticibus fit tela linea (seu lintea). Nam linteo texit linteum, quod emit et vendit lintearius; ex quo netrix facit linteamina, et linteola. Horum vero ramenta, linamenta dices.

LIPPUM (viscosê lacrimantem) impedit lippitudo; qui enim lippit, non bene videt.

LIQUOR est humor fluidus; qui semper liquet, seu liquidus est; non semper liquet, seu clarus est. Omnis pinguedo est liquabilis; quam si liquas (seu liquefacis) habes liquamen. Si quid liquatum (aut colliquatum) vis clarescere, deliqua, quomodo mustum eliquatum clarescit. Superflui humores defluunt e tecto per deliquias (seu delicias); undecumque per colliquias (collicias); ex agris per liquelices (liquelix, est porca eliquandis aquis).

LIRA, sulci striga eversa. Agricola liratim serit, cum sparsum semen inarat; et hoc vocant lirare. Sed mentis delirium est, cum delirus delirat, h. e. mente aberrat.

LIS (-litis, f.) controversia est inter partes iudicio contendentes. Litigium vero (q. e. litagium), cum in foro litigant litigatores. Sed esse nimis litigiosum, est vitilitigare (h. e. de re inutili litigare); cuiusmodi vitilitigatores exosi sunt.

LITARE (et litari) Deo, debet omnis peccator, offerendo litationes (seu litamina) et litanias.

LITTERA parva res est; litteratura ingens. Nam omnes bonae artes vocantur litterae; quas in litterariis ludis docent litteratores (h. e. litterarum doctores). Tu tamen si vis evadere non litterator (tinctus litteris), vix gnarus scribere litterulas, aut ad amicum exarare litteras, sed verê litteratus, disce omnes bonas litteras; licet has quidam illitterati fatui oblitterare, aut penitus esse oblitteratas optent.

LITUS (vel littus, -oris), ora maris; ubi reperies litoream arenam, et litorales pisces, avesque, in litorosa regione.

Litus, v. Linere.

LITUUS, bucina minor incurva, sono acuto; quā canit liticen.

LIVERE, colore plumbeo esse; quomodo pennis livet lividula livia. At homo invidus livescit, cum livet (h. e. invidet) fortunis aliorum; qui livor (et livedo) malus est.

LIX (licis, f., id est cinis per quem stillat aqua) colata facit lixivium, seu aquam lixivam. Vinum lixivum, est ex uvis contusis per se fluens. In castris lixa lixat cibos ut elixos (seu elixatos) edant.

LOCUS, receptaculum rerum, ubi locamus res. In loculo condimus mortuos. In loculis servamus pecuniam. Per loculos, seu loculamenta, collocamus res minutas, in arca loculata seu loculosa. Elocat domum ad inhabitandum locator, accepto locario (N. locarium pretium est pro locatione). Opifex autem locat operam mercede. Parentes locant filiam marito, si non est propter aliquem defectum illocabilis; atque si locupletes sunt, locupletant generum; qui viderit, ut bona in se collata, bene collocet.

LOCUSTA, cicada maior gregatim volitans, camposque vastans.

LODIX (lodicula), linteum lecti operimentum.

LOLIGO (-inis, f.), animal marinum, atro succo plenum.

LOLIUM, degener frumenti foetus, ne faciat panem loliaceum, excernitur cribrō loliario.

LONGUS (longulus), ante se protensus. Optas tibi praelongam vitam? Longê praestaret bonam. Nam longitudo rei malae elongat miserias. Promisit tamen Deus prolongare vitam piis, ut longum vivant. Si habes ante te iter longinquum, non sufficiet esse te longurionem, aut longipedem, aut habere longurium (pérticam longam); ipsa longinquitas retardabit.

LOQUI, est continuo fari. Sed cum loquimur alicui, aut alloquimur aliquem, loquela moderanda est sic, ne loquaces locutuleii videamur, et loquacitate molesti simus. Cum habemus aliquid eloqui sollemniter, aut colloqui cum honoratis, convenit praeloqui aliquid, antequam proloquamur; postea vero adhibere eloquentiam. Sed praeloquium sit breve, proloquium clarum, eloquium potens, colloquium ipsum pacatum, ne collocutorem offendas. Rem inhonestam circumloqui decorum est; interloqui aliis, indecorum; multo magis obloqui.

LORA, et loraea, vinum acinaceum.

LORICA, ferreum indusium, quo se loricat miles; ita paratur a loricario, ut diloricari nequeat. Scalae muniuntur loricā; castraque circumdantur loricā.

LORUM, coriaceum vinculum, varii usūs. Nam e loris fiunt loramenta; loro agitantur equi antecessores; malesici caeduntur flagris loreis, a lorario, qui aliquando loripes est.

LOTIUM, urina.

Lubet, v. Libet

LUBRICUS locus, ubi quis facile labitur; ut est viae lubricitas, quam imber lubricat; atque tum per lubricum itur lubricê.

LUCANICA, farciminis genus.

LUCAR, praemium ludionibus.

LUCIUS, piscis reliquorum tyrannus.

LUCRUM ex vendita merce emolumentum. Pecuniam enim lucrari, videtur lucrosum; sed multo magis lucrifacere animas.

LUCTA est, ubi duo luctatores sese invicem complexi luctantur, et quisque suum colluctatorem eluctari (h. e. prosternere), ipse vero ineluctabilis manere, nititur. Nos Christiani habemus spirituale luctamen, obluctari satanae, reluctari carni, deluctari cum ipsa ineluctabili morte.

Lucubrare, v. Lux.

LUCUS, silva amoena, cuius arbores comas densas, sed elevatas habent, ad iucundam sub umbra spatiationem; qualem si vis habere, collucato (vel inter- et sublucato) arbores.

LUDERE (lusi, lusum; lusitare) est aliquid agere, aut dicere, oblectationis causa. Delectat enim iuvenes cum invicem ludere, etiam se invicem ludere (illudere). Placetne ergo Lusitare? Aut quomodo lusus fiant spectare? Omnis lusor requirit collusorem; etiam cum se ludificant. In ludo gladiotorio, si lusio seria est, periculosa est; sed est plerumque collusio (colludunt enim secum) et spectatorum ludificatio. In aliis ludis publicis obleclant ludii et ludiae, saltu; quibus musici praeludunt, et alludunt; sed ita ut praeludium non abludat ab illorum gestibus. Et quia satietas est ludi etiam, interponitur quandoque diludium. Sed alludamus etiam ad nostros litterarios ludos. Vis hîc non ludere operam? Sed ita proludere (vel praeludere) negotiis vitae, ut postea operas peragas ludibundus? Dicam. Omnia anteludia quae hîc exerces, seriê fiant, non lusoriê, tametsi ludicra videantur. Haec methodus non deludet (seu eludet) te, nec exibit in ludibrium.

LUERE, duplex verbum. (1.) Affundendo obiter lavare. (2.) Solvere, piare.

'''Composita a significatione 1.'''

Eluimus aquā poculum, ut sit elutum; proluimus os, colluimus dentes; pelluimus in malluvio (q. e. &quot;manuluvio&quot;) manus; subluimus in pelluvio (q. e. &quot;pediluvio&quot;) pedes; abluimus (vel deluimus) undecumque illuviem, eluimusque talem proluviem (seu colluviem) foras, aut offundimus colluviari porco. Vinum diluimus ut sit purum. Eluvio, et diluvium, si quando contingunt, circumluunt agros, alluunt urbes, polluunt (h. e. inquinant) segetes, quamquam interdum afferant utilem fundo nostro alluviem. Tu autem ut serves conscientiam impollutam, fuge omnem pollutionem.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Vis non luere culpam? Ne admiseris; et non sequetur luitio. Vis recipere oppignorata bona? Relue.

LUES (-is, f.), quivis contagiosus morbus; lues vaga, lues venerea.

LUGERE, ob amissam rem caram vehementer tristari; quomodo luget fida uxor lugubri voce et corde, luctuosum obitum maritii; nec facile potest elugere, dum verus est luctus.

LUMBRICUS, vermiculus ad pluviam e terra prorepens.

LUMBUS, infima pars dorsi, circa renes, ubi corporis robur est. Hinc delumbis et elumbis (et -us), debilis; et delumbare, debilitare; et lumbago (-inis, f.), debilitas lumborum.

LUMEN solis, dum illuminat terram, facit diem; dum vero alterum luminare (-is, n.) facit luminosam lunam.

LUNA (luminare caeli minus) facit lunari suo cursu noctem illunem, aut sublunem; illud in novilunio (et interlunio) hoc in plenilunio et circa illud. Experiuntur vim lunae omnia sublunaria; maxime vero lunatici (qui statis lunae temporibus laborant morbo comitiali), sive sit die Lunae, sive aliās.

LUPOS et lupas rapaces, quaerit luparius in silva, ob lupinas pelles; voracem lupum piscator in aqua; impuram lupam in lupanari seu lupanario (NB. lupanar et lupanarium, g. n.) impurus lupanarius; amarum lupulum, lupularius in horto; amarissimum legumen lupinum rusticus in agro; usum vero lupati (seu lupi), h. e. freni asperrimi, novit equiso.

LURCO (gulosus bonorum consumptor) lurcat avide cibos.

LUROR, pallor nigrore mistus; luridus, ita pallidus.

LUSCINIA (et lusciniola) avicula, suavitate cantūs omnes antecellens.

LUSCUS, altero oculo captus; lusciosus (et luscitiosus, et luscinus), qui ad lucernam non videt; eluscare, facere luscum.

LUSTRARE, triplex verbum. (1.) Lumine adhibito intueri. (2.) Militem conscriptum in ordinem redigere. (3.) Aquā conspersum aliquid eluere, seu expiare.

'''Derivata et Composita, a Significatione 1.'''

Pergamus lustrare voces; lustramen hoc non iniucundum est. Sol collustrat omnia, ut possint a nobis quoque collustrari, et perlustrari, melius quam sublustri nocte. Quod illustre est, non opus habet illustratione, cum ipsum illustret alia.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Romani lustrabant cives suos quovis lustrō (i. e. quinquennio), bilustriō bis.

'''A Significatione 3.'''

Lutosa apri lustra (lacunas) visitant venatores; sed qui visitat lasciva lustra (i. e. ganeas) et ibi lustratur, lustrandus est mox lustrico illo die; non aquā lustrali, aut lustrifico cantu, sed fuste: haec est optima nebulonis lustratio (seu lustramentum).

LUTEUS color, est dilutê ruber; qualem habet luteum ovi; et avis luteola.

LUTRA, canis amphibius.

LUTUM, diluta humore terra; ex qua fiunt parietes lutei, integraque lutamenta; sed et lignea domus lutatur (seu delutatur). Pisces lutarii (seu lutenses) sunt insalubres; et tamen lutulentus sus in deliciis habetur. Via lutescit a pluvia, et collutulat viatorem.

LUX, flamma sese diffundens, et omnia circa se reddens visibilia. Emanat e lucido corpore, tralucet pellucidum, in non translucido relucet, ac elucet. Lucifer stella luculenta, luculentê (seu luculenter) lucet. Ad lucernam (q. e. &quot;lucicernam&quot;) lucubramus, ut habeamus elucubratum opus antelucanis horis, antequam dilucescet, diluculō. Cum diluculum appropinquat, sublucescit, mox plene illucescit, elucescuntque dilucidê omnia quae nox obtexerat, non interlucente luna, sol enim praelucidus, collucet omnia, et illucet omnibus. Tu ne sis lucifuga; quā tibi praelucent qui viam virtutum dilucidant, sequere, luciper lucem perdidit.

LUXARE pedem, est articulare, h. e. loco suo evellere; qualiter luxus (luxatus) vir claudicat. Ergo luxationem cave.

LUXUS (-ūs) est nimietas in victu, amictu, habitatione; luxuria (et luxuries), intemperantia gulae; quomodo luxuriat (vel luxuriatur) luxuriosus.

LYNX (-cis, m. et f.), fera acuti visus; lynceus oculus.

LYRA, instrumentum musicum, cuius chordae rotulā versatili plectuntur. Carmen lyricum, quod ad lyram cantabat lyristes (-ae), seu lyricen.

== M ==

Macellum, v. Mactare.

MACER (-ri, et macilentus) a defectu nutrimenti extenuatus; quomodo macet (macescit, et macrescit), qui famem patitur. Tu animae maciem (macrorem, macritatem, macritudinem) cave. Ager saepitur maceria (muro sine calce); emaciatur vero fimo sicco, aut nimio cultu. Coquus cibum durum macerat aquā, antequam maceret ignibus.

MACHINAM (instrumentum artificiosum, aliquid grave loco movendi) excogitat machinarius, scientia machinali. Qualibus ad construendum machinam (h. e. ingentem fabricam) mundi, Deus nullis est usus; utitur ad destruendum infinitis machinis, machinosus satan. Sed machinetur quicquid vult impius machinator, confundetur cum omnibus machinamentis suis.

Macror, v. Macer.

MACTUS, mage auctus (vox sacerdotis pagani, cum tauro arae imposito affundebatur vinum, clamantis, &quot;Mactus est taurus vino et thure.&quot;) Hinc laudantes profectum in bono dicimus, macte virtute. Et mactare infortunio (affligere). Et mactat mactator pecudes, carnesque mactatarum vendit in macello macellarius.

MACULA, foeda in corpore aut veste nota. Sed tu neque librum macula; quia maculosus non facile emaculatur. Super omnia vero serva teipsum immaculatum, ne commacules animam vitiis. Sunt et maculae, foramina in reti. Maculosum animal dicimus vario colore conspersum.

MADERE (humore perfluere) non vis? Vita madorem; omnia enim madida madidant, seu madefaciunt, et commadefaciunt, permadefaciunt.

MAERET (ob tristitiam dolore afficitur) amicus maerore gravi, dum ob mortem amici incedit maestus (seu maestê), et maestitiam luctu testatur.

Magia, v. Magus

MAGIS (plus) scit magister, adeptus scientiam magistralem, quam discipulus nondum initiatus magisterio; qui tamen si didicerit magistrare (in societate praeire) poterit fieri ludimagister, vel aulaemagister, vel unus e magistratu.

MAGNUS, quantitate conspicuus; ut sunt magnates, et viri magnifici, ob magnitudinem, et magnificentiam magnificandi, magnopere. Sed maior (q. e. &quot;magior&quot;, seu &quot;magnior&quot;) est maioris aestimandus, ut maiores nostri, et magistratus maiestate a Deo honoratus. Maximus estne maximus natu? Est maximê.

MAGUS (occultorum naturae indagator) per magiam, et artem magicam, mira praestat; sed magia infamis, et pseudomagus, praestigia sunt.

MAIALIS, porcus castratus.

Maiestas, et Maior, v. Magnus.

MAIORANA, herba fragrantissima.

MAIUS mensis, -us, -a, -um.

MALA, genae pars eminens.

MALLEUS, instrumentum manuale capitatum, quō aliquid malleat (i. e. contundit) malleator, si materia est malleabilis.

Malluvium, v. Luere.

MĀLUM, fructus quem fert mālus (f.) arbor; sed lignum mālinum, non bonum daret navi mālum (-us).

MALUS (non bonus) malê peribit in malitia sua; malignus malignê nocet aliis malignitate sua; malitiosus malitiosê noxius est, sibi et aliis.

MALVA herba, malvacea folia.

MAMA (et mamma) mater est; et uber quo lactat; mamilla, tuberculum uberis (etiam in viro). Dic ergo: mamma, praesertim mammosa, tegit mammas et mamillas mamillari.

MANARE, minutim fluere. Quomodo aqua e fonte manali (i. e. iugi) promanat, foras emanat, in rivos demanat, per prata dimanat, arenam permanat; raro autem remanat.

Manceps, et Mancipium, v. Capere.

MANCUS, carens manu alterā. Tum in genere mutilus, defectus.

MANDARE, aliquid alicui gerendum committere, aut cum mandato mittere. Habes domi quod agatur? Manda tuis, et ut satisfaciant mandato tuo, attende. Si alibi, manda (seu amanda) aliquem mandatarium, negotiumque illi demanda; quod si est serium, adde litteras mandati, ut agat nomine mandatoris sui confidentius. Ita qui aliquem ante se praemandat, aut illi quid commendat, commendare illum solet litteris commendaticiis, si commendabilis est.

MANDE, ac remande cibum (h. e. commole dentibus), ut concoquas facilius. Sed mandones manducant non cibum manducando (seu commanducando) sed non mansum (praemansum) glutiendo; forte ne frangant mandibulas; digni quos appelles manducos in terriculamentum pueris.

MANE est diei exortus (g. n., indecl.); manê conspicitur matuta (i. e. aurora). Quod tempus matutinum quia convenit studiis, tu studiose surge matutino.

MANEO, in loco me contineo hîc ubi sum; emaneo inde, ubi non sum; permaneo alicubi diu, si mansio commoda est; remaneo alicubi post alios; mors autem manet omnes.

MANES (-ium, pl. m.), exutae corporibus animae.

MANGONES sunt, qui res veteres ut vestes mangonizant (h. e. repoliunt) captantes mangoniō suō mangonicos quaestus.

MANIFESTAM iniuriam (clarê apparentem) repellere manifesto, et manifestare manifestarium furem, nemo prohibetur.

Manipulus, v. Manus.

MANSUETUS homo agit mansuetê, et mansuetudine suā mansuefacit alios, ut mansuescant; mansuetarius immansuetas feras, mansuefieri docet.

MANTICA, est viatorum pera; quam manticulatur (h. e. expilat) manticularius. Mantissa, emptae rei additamentum.

MANU (instrumento operandi nostro) perficimus operas manuarias, prehendimus manubria vasorum, tollimus manuales fasces, colligimus manipulos (quicquid manus implet) et disponimus manipulatim. Manus lotas abstergimus mantili (vel manteli, et mantelo, et mantelio), frigentes calefacimus manicis (-a) et manicatis tunicis; furaces vero constringimus manicis (-ae, manuum vincula). Manu servit Domino suo amanuensis. Militum manipulus excurrit in hostem, ut reportent manubias, et dividant inter se praedam manubialem (manubiariam), in qua captanda praestant se non unimanos (unam habentes manum) sed aequimanos (utrāque pollentes), et tantum non centimanos.

NB. Alicubi mutatur a in i, ut: Pugnare cōminus (q. e. cum manu, prope) vel êminus (e manu iaculando). Adminiculum, est baculus in manu, et quodvis sustentaculum, auxilium; adminiculare (et adminiculari), auxiliari.

MAPPA tegit totam mensulam; mappula ad unum discum est.

MARCERE, marcescere, fierique marcidum quicquid viget, humore vegetante defectum, marcorem contrahit; solum quod aeternum, immarcescibile est.

MARCULUS, aerariorum malleus.

MARE alit marinos pisces; maritimi accolunt mare; ad transmarinos non venitur nisi mari.

MARGARITAE (et -a) nascuntur in margaritifera concha.

MARGO (-inis, m. f.), extremitas folii; marginamus ergo (et demarginamus) libros, ut marginati sint; emarginamus ulcera, adimendo crustas.

Maritus, v. Mas.

MARMOR (-is, n.), lapis solidissimus, ex quo fiunt marmorea vasa, et marmorati parietes, et marmorosā duritie pavimenta, a marmorariis.

MARS (-tis), deus belli gentilibus, hinc bellum. Martis stella, Martis dies, Martius vel Martialis furor, Martius mensis, Martia cervisia.

MARSUPIUM, est sacculus nummorum.

MARTES (-is, f.), fera magnitudine felis, pelle pretiosa. Martes scythica.

MAS et femina, sunt diversi sexus in animali (in avibus masculus, et semella). Cum parentes maritant filiam, fit marita, vivitque cum marito suo maritalem vitam. Pullus gallinaceus fit semimas capo, cum incipiens masculescere emasculatur.

MASSA, fit e farina aquā subacta; massa auri, vel ficuum; massula, parva massa.

MATER (femina pariens) et matertera (matris soror) et commater (matris loco stans in baptismo) sint materno animo in matrimum (matrem adhuc habentem) et matruelem (matris fratris filium); et cum tempus est matrimonii, dent illi viduatam matronam, aut matronali gravitate virginem. Equa matrix, alitur propter foetum, quem in matrice gestat. Brassica matrice amissā non crescit. Matricula est catalogus civium.

MATERIA (vel materies) est, ex qua fit quaevis res materialis; in specie materiata domus, quam exstruit materiarius, praeparans materiam tempore materiationis (seu materiaturae).

MATTA, storea scirpea.

MATULA (matella et matellio), urna aquaria, in specie urinaria.

MATURUS fructus est, qui maturescere potuit, ut permaturesceret, h. e. maturitatem suam assequeretur. Immaturis non vescimur, praematuris delectamur. Tu matura (i. e. accelera) studia tua, ut maturê ematurescant; nam nescis annon moriturus sis praematurê.

Matutinus, v. Mane.

Maximus, v. Magnus.

MAXILLA est mandibula, unde maxillares dentes.

ME ama, meique causa meos, qui mecum sunt, mi amice, mihi dilecte etc.

MEARE, est ultro citroque ferri; ut per omnia meabilis aer, qui immeat et intermeat, et permeat ipsos terrae meatūs; estque ipse quoque meabilis (et permeabilis), omnibus rebus. Pisces cum aqua demeant, contra aquam remeant, seipsos praetermeant, supermeant, aut submeant. Qui cupit commeare aliquo, impetrat sibi commeatum (licentiam abeundi) et prospicit de commeatu (id est viatico); atque si transeundum est, transmeare quaerit uno commeatu (i. e. traiectu).

MECHANICUS (manuarius opifex) nullus novit omnes mechanicas artes.

MEDICUS (morborum curator) medetur ope medicinae morbis, si non sunt immedicabiles; sed medicamenta praeparat medicamentarius. Aliquando medicatur feliciter medicamentosis naturā cibis, aut medicatîs arte; et sic adhibet loco remedii, diaetam; quae medicatio pulchra est, et prudentiae medicae (seu medicinalis) non postrema pars. Medicastri et mulomedici, iactant interdum medelas, quibus nihil fit irremediabile.

MEDITOR (cogitando aliquid quaero) attentā meditatione id quod est, ut illud recte meditatus intelligam; praemeditor id quod futurum est, ut id rectê praemeditatus, rectê expediam.

MEDIUS, stat inter duos; columna mediana (seu intermedia) exactê in medio (-um). Mediator quaerit medium (aut plura media) reconciliandi dissidentes. Dividis aliquid per medium? Erunt duae medietates. (Sed dimidiae partes, quas fecisti dimidiando: retine dimidium, et mihi da dimidium.) Mediastinus servit omnibus in domo. Res mediae magnitudinis vocamus mediocres.

MEDULLA, pinguedo in medio ossis, nondum emedullati; ego vero medullitus te amo.

MEIERE, emittere vesicā urinam; olim mingere, unde commingere et micturire, mictio.

MEL (-lis, n.), dulcissimus cibus apum, quae mellificant in mellario, e congesta melligine herbarum. Sed mellarius tempore mellationis (mellariae vindemiae) eximit melculum (seu melliculum, dimin.) et parat e melleā dulcedine, mellitos cibos. Potio mellita (mellitula) fit ex aqua mulsa (melle mista), sicut et mulsum (potio ex melle et vino). Promulsis (-idis, f.) fuit potio mulsea, cibis praemitti solita.

MELES (et melis, f.), animal mellis avidissimum; a quo melinae pelles.

MELIOR (magis bonus) aliis esse vis? Age melius quam alii, et melioresce in dies; factusque meliusculus, meliora alios. Omnis melioratio habet laudem.

MELO (-onis), peponum genus maximum, dulce.

MEMBRUM, est pars corporis organica; membrana, pellicula membrum tegens; et membrana pellis pergamena. Bimembre (et tri-, quadrimembre etc.) dicitur, quod tot habet membra. Laterna membranacea translucet. Libri membranei sunt durabiles.

MEMINI ego tui (in mente habeo te), memento tu mei; uterque memor sit Dei. Bona memoria est, quae memoriter memorat, quicquid memorabile didicisti. Talem si non habes, fac tibi libellum memorialem, in quo memoranda consignes; is tibi commemorabit.

MENDA (vel mendum) vitium est rei mendosae, quam emenda, si res est emendabilis; aliās frustra tentabit emendationem emendator. Tu cogita tuas mendas (errores in agendo) et esse inemendabilis cave.

Mendax, v. Mentiri.

MENDICUS (pauper stipem quaerens) mendicat, ut emendicet; assuetus mendicitati et vitae mendicae, fit mendicabulum.

MENS (-tis) vis animae rationalis, quā cogitamus, et cogitatio ipsa. Menisci, cogitare, inusitatum. Sed mentio, commentum, comminisci, reminisci, etc. quorum usum sic disce: Mentem sanam da Deus! Amentes (dementes) miserê per amentiam dementiunt; quicquid vident vel audiunt, dementat eos; praesertim si sunt naturā vehementes. In cuiuscumque rei mentionem (levem commemorationem) incidunt, absurda comminiscuntur, et quaevis commenticia commenta, pro vero habent. Praeterita reminisci possunt, sed monstrosā reminiscentiā. At vero, qui aliquid ingeniosê commentus est, refert sua commenta in commentaria (vel commentarios) cum novis commentationibus.

MENSA (cui accumbitur cibi causā) instruitur supellectile mensariā. At mensa mensarii (seu mensularii), ubi nummi permutantur.

MENSIS, est lunae cursu demensum spatium; res menstrua durat mensem. Quod durat diutius, est bimestre, tri-, quadri-, quinque-, semestre; quaedam vix semestre (seu semestrium, pro &quot;semimestre&quot;) durant, aut sesquimensem; aut redeunt quotmensibus. Intermestris luna dat noctes tenebricosas. Menstruum (sc. stipendium) datur militibus. Menstrua sunt menstrualis morbus.

Mensura, v. Metiri.

Mentio, v. Mens.

MENTIRI, contra mentis conscienitam loqui. Unde mendax (pro &quot;mentax&quot;), qui mendaciter falsum loquitur, etiam si mendacium coloret veritate, aliquando ementito nomine pro alio se venditans.

MENTUM, maxilla inferior, quae inter edendum movetur; quam habentes magnam mentosi, mentones dicuntur. At mentagra (vel mentigo) scabies per faciem serpens.

Meracus, v. Merus.

Mercari, v. Merx.

MERCES (-edis) promeritum labore praemium; mercenarius, mercede conductus.

Mercurius, v. Merx.

MERDA, excrementum alvi; merdare (et com-, permerdare) poetica et obscaena sunt.

MERENDA, pomeridianus cibus.

MERERE (vel mereri), praemium acquirere, iuxta meritum. Qui peccat, punitur merito; immerenti (seu immerito) paena infligitur immerito, quia illam non commeruit. Militi (seu equo meret, seu pedibus) datur promeritum stipendium, quantum armis meritoriis meritavit; emerito vero ordinatur emeritum. Tu bene merere de omnibus, et demereberis gratiam omnium.

MERETRIX (-icis), impudica mulier, pro meretricio quaesta meretricatur; sed puniet meretricium Deus.

MERGERE, sub aquam demittere; quomodo mergus se mergit (et mersat) crebrā mersione, et mox rursum emergit. Homo demersus (immersus), si non emersit, submersus est.

MERGES (-itis, m.), manipulus spicarum, tollitur mergā (furcā frumentaria).

Meridies, v. Dies.

Mersio, v. Mergere.

MERULA, avis canora.

MERUS (et meracus) purus, nulla re mistus; ut cum (vinum) merum bibitur, sine aqua merê ut est.

MERX (-cis, f., quidquid lucri causā emitur et venditur), quam venalem in libero mercatu quisquis vult mercatur, aut etiam praemercatur. Sed ipsi mercatores multa simul commercando, aut mercimonia inter se commutando, exercent commercia. Mercaturae deum fecerunt gentiles Mercurium, eique attribuerunt stellam Mercurii, et diem Mercurii. Sed tibi nullum sit commercium cum superstitionibus; atque si paterfamiliās es, etiam aliquid promercale habe.

Messis, v. Metere.

MET, adiectio personam determinans. Ut: Egomet novi memet, tumet etiam. Ipsemet adulatur sibimet, etc.

META, sex significat. Nam: Ad metam itur; meta (aggestae terrae) terminat agros; metam fêni videbis in prato; metam butyri, vel casei, in mensa; metam sacchari apud mercatorem; metam in mola. Hinc metari (agros, castra), designare, distinguere, metiri.

METALLUM et res metallicae eruuntur a metallariis, e metalliferis fodinis.

METEORUM, concretum aereum.

METERE, segetem desecare. Metit messor frumentum, tempore messis, falce messoriā; aut demetit celerius falce fenariā. Praemessum debetur Deo.

METIRI (mensus sum), quantitatem rei explorare. Mensor metitur, iterataque mensione, remetitur, an iustum commensum habeat. Immensum ob suam immensitatem, non subiacet dimensioni. Quod alicui admetimur (vel demetimur), demensum est.

Metrum, v. Ianuam Linguarum Reseratam.

METUIT omnia meticulosus, etiam ubi nihil metuendum est; immo praemetuit, ipse sibi metum fingens.

MICA, minimum quid in aridis; in specie arenula, quae micat, h. e. splendicat. Unde dimicare, gladiis micantibus pugnare. Aurum emicat (aut promicat) e lapide metallico.

MIGRARE, ad peregrê habitandum proficisci. Sed nobis tota vita migratio est. Nam immigramus in mundum nescii unde; tum transmigramus hinc inde. Iam commigrando in domicilium certum, iam semigrando in secessum, iam remigrando ad priora; donec veniat tempus emigrandi ad aeterna. Qui sapit, praemigret animo.

MILES (homo belliger) amat militiam, adsuetusque vitae militari, mavult esse militiae, quam domi, gnarus versari militariter cum suis commilitonibus. Sed utinam militemus contra spirituales hostes.

MILIUM, genus frugis.

MILLE, decies centum. Adde uni unum millies, ultimus erit millesimus; milleni passus faciunt milliare. Millenarius millies repetitus, dicitur millio.

MILLUS (et millum), caninum collare clavatum.

MILVUS, avis pullorum rapax.

MINAE (-arum) duo significat. (1.) Murorum pinnas. (2.) Denuntiationem mali.

'''Composita, a Significatione 1.'''

MINAE turrium sursum eminent, extra aedificium prominent, aliis aedificiis praeminent (et supereminent), transeuntibus imminent; aliquando etiam casum minantur. Humilis eminentiam ne quaerat.

'''a Significatione 2.'''

MINAS iactat hostis minax, dum ob aliquid factum minatur, aut, ne fiat, interminatur, vindictamque comminatur. Tu time comminationes, et interminationes Dei, ut avertas mala imminentia malis.

MINERA, subterraneus fluor, ex quo lapides et metalla fiunt.

Mingere, v. Meiere.

Minimus, v. Minor.

MINISTER (adiuvans res alicuius) et ministra obeundo ministerium suum, ministrent fideliter. Qui pro alio res administrat, est administrator; debetque aliis res necessarias administrare (seu subministrare) pro necessitate.

MINIUM (pigmentum rubrum) eruitur e miniaria; fitque ex illo miniacus color, quō miniamus varia.

MINOR (magis parvus) sit minus elatus; minimus minimê (nequaquam) se praeferat maioribus; minimum (ad minimum) illis, quibus aetate minor est; aliās minuetur. Nam magna solemus diminuere, dura comminuere. Labor minutus est circa minutias; sed dum attentio minutim dividitur, imminuitur; et intra minutum horae quid expedias? Minutal cibus est delicatorum; aestimatur plusquam minuto.

MIRARI, est suspenso intellectu intueri; ut miramur omnes res miras; miracula vero etiam demiramur. Sed mirum quam inepti sint quidam miratores, qui mirabundi admirantur nugas quasvis; verê mirabilia Dei opera ne attendunt quidem.

MISCERE (aliud cum alio) potes aliquando utili mistione (mixtione); aliquando mistura (mixtura) noxia est. Suntque res quaedam mistiles, quae facile commiscentur; aliae non patiuntur sibi admisceri, immisceri (vel intermisceri) aut permisceri. Vide ergo ne omnia mixtim (aut commixtim) agas, etiam cum res miscellas in miscellanea tua inscribis. Rebus promiscuis utere promiscuê.

MISER est, qui se miserê habet, et cuius miseriam misereri (animo) et miserari (verbis aut lacrimis) decet. Si te non miseret (miserescit) hominis miserandi, miserum! Non es misericors; sed immisericordem manet immisericordia. Sis proinde miserabilium miserator.

Missile et Missus, v. Mittere.

MITIS (moribus lenis) agit cum omnibus mitissime, et mitigat verbis mitigatoriis ipsos etiam immites, ut mitescant.

MITRA (mitella) capitis muliebris fascia; et pileus subductus pelle; et fascia collo pendens, quā saucium brachium gestatur.

MITTERE, significat linquere, ablegare, proicere. Ut: Paterfamilias mittit servum inutilem, aut eum rursus dimittit; bonum vero mittit ad labores, aut si plures sunt, dimittit hinc inde. Aliquando etiam telum missile (proiecticium) mittit ad scopum; atque si saepe missitat, attingit. Aliquos famulos admittit ad gregem, ne quid amittant; committens illis, ut petulcas pecudes non committant inter se. Hi ergo emittunt gregem e stabulo, et immittunt in pascua; praemittentes illis emissarios (i. e. molossos) qui oculis emissiciis observare lupos ne intermittant. Cum remittunt pascere, domum remittunt, et in stabula intromittunt. Breviter: nihil praetermittunt, aut omittunt, nisi quod non permittit Dominus. Saepe foetum submissê vociferantem submittunt, vel transmittunt Domino ad mactandum. Idem paterfamilias servo fideli promittit mercedem, et promissum (promissionem) servat, aut eum manumittit. Tu cave ne quid turpe committas, ob quod necesse sit demittere oculos. Quem admisisti in amicitiam, et ille admisit culpam imprudens, remitte illi, praesertim si demissê rogat. Ipse autem in laboribus ne esto remissus; urge potius honestê coepta sine intermissione.

Mixtura, v. Miscere.

Mobilis, v. Movere.

Moderare, v. Modus.

MODIUS, mensura aridorum; modiolus, dimin. Et media rotae pars.

MODUS (mensura temporis, actionis, formae) est ubique bonus; modo scias, quid modo sit utile. Semper igitur cogita, cuiusmodi sit res, quae obvenit; non enim sunt uniusmodi omnes, variant admodum: haec est huiusmodi, ista istiusmodi, alia aliusmodi, infinitā propemodum varietate. Sicut et rerum species multimodas videmus, omnimodas novit solummodo Deus. Quomodo ergo agam, inquies? Quomodocumque, dummodo rationabiliter, ne praemodum exorbites. Nam dum hîc sumus, semper quodammodo erramus; postmodum liberabimur imperfectione istā. Interim observa haec, quae dicam. Res modicae, praestant immodicis, licet hoc modernus mundus non intelligat, appetens omnia immodice. Qui scit moderare (vel moderari) seipsum, potest constitui moderator aliorum; ut doceat immoderatos agere moderatê. Qui vero subest moderamini alterius, sit modestus; immodestia res turbat. Tu ergo amodo, gere te modestê, ac moderatê (moderanter, moderatim); et metire te modulo tuo, quemadmodum sutor calceum tibi conficit ad modulum pedis tui; et cantor ad modulum (qui manûs motu fit) modulatur cantionem.

MOENIA (-ium, plurale tantum), cingens urbem munimentum.

MOLA (machina, quā frumenta rediguntur in pulveres) raro sola est, construitur intra molendinum, habens moletrinam ubi circumaguntur lapides molares, a rotis molariis rotati. Hîc molitor frumentum molit, et permolit, donec emolat; sed pro molitura quaerit emolumentum. Dentes molares commolunt escas.

Immolare, v. suo loco, sub I.

MOLES (-is, f.), gravitas. Secundo, labor gravis. Tertio, opus laboriosê confectum. Unde moliri aliquid laboriosê conari. Hinc, moles oneris, non tollitur sine magna mole, dum molem aedificii exstruere molitur industrius molitor. Debet enim adificium prius demoliri, impedimenta amoliri, nova fundamenta admoliri, contrarias molitiones (si quas obmoliuntur maligni) remoliri, et emoliri. Ita te a studiis nulla molestia deterreat; sit labor primus molestus, aut submolestus, deinde tamen non molestabit, sed summê oblectabit.

MOLLIS (dimin. molliculus, et mollicellus), tactui cedens. Unguentum molle, mollit mollitie (mollitiā, mollitudine) suā induratos tumores, ut molliter mollescant, emollitique fluant.

Momentum, v. Movere.

MONEDULA, graculus minor.

MONERE (recordari facere, item hortari) et moneri amicitiae est. Amicus enim fidus commonet praeterita, admonet praesentium, praemonet de futuris, submonet etiam si quid agendum est. Sicut et monumenta (vel monimenta) rerum gestarum et a collo suspensa monilia, commonefaciunt nos virtutis utili monitu.

MONETA, variae sortis pecunia, quam cudit monetarius, in officina monetaria, ex metallo monetali.

MONS (monticulus) est altus terrae tumor. Montes multi faciunt montosam regionem. Montani inhabitant montana (sc. loca). Transmontani non omnes sunt monticolae. Promontorium est terra in mare protensa.

MONSTRAMUS (videndum exhibemus) digitō, quod praesens est, et commonstrari potest; demonstramus dubium, praemonstramus futurum. Monstra, et res monstrosae plerumque sunt praemonstratrices, monstrificorum eventuum.

Monumentum, v. Monere.

MORA (morula, temporis dilatio) taediosa est illi, cui non vacat morari, aut uni rei immorari. Ergo noli morari (demorari et remorari) illum, cui non est otium tecum morari (commorari); aliās ille impatiens remorae, te non morabitur.

Moralis, et Moratus, v. Mos.

MORBUS est praecursor mortis; quō qui tentatur, morbidus est; qui saepe ac variê, morbosus. Morbilli sunt exulceratio cutis a sanguinis ebullitione veniens.

MORDET (dentibus laedit) mordax canis tanta mordacitate, ut non solum praemordeat quod admorsit, sed et mordicus tenens obmordeat, commordeat, et demordeat. Remordet etiam ab alio cane acceptō morsu. Catelli morsicant morsicatim. Morsulas dat pharmacopola.

Mores, v. Mos.

MORETUM, placenta ex herbis.

MORI (partibus dividi) necesse habet, quidquid natum est; ideo mors depascit omnes mortales. Praecedit autem emortualem diem aliquid mortiferum, quod hominem emori cogit, facitque primo moribundum, dein semimortuum, tandem mortuum (demortuum). Non tamen demoritur homo, quia anima non commoritur. Corpusque intermortuum resurget. Studiis bonis immori pulchrum est; sed si prius in te mortificasti peccatum. Sic enim transitur ex mortalitate in beatam immortalitatem.

Morosus, v. Mos.

Mors, v. Mori.

Morsus, v. Mordeo.

MORTARIUM (mortariolum), vas in quo contunditur aliquid pistillō; et ubi arena calci permiscetur rutro.

MŌRUS, arbor baccifera; mōrum fructus eius. A cuius similitudine mora rubi, et mora rubi idaei, etc.

MOS (moris, m.), vivendi consuetudo. Sed mores hominum variant more gentium. Bonos mores docet doctrina moralis; agnosciturque bene moratus, cum est morigerus legibus; qui nemini morigeratur, morosus est, ob suam morositatem invisus omnibus.

MOVERE (ex loco in locum agere) potest robustus motor quamlibet rem mobilem, et promovere ulterius. Sed motus (-ūs) non sit in momento oculi, neque momentum bilancis. Terrae motus commovet montes, aliquando amovet (et dimovet) de loco suo; emovens a radice, et transmovens aliō. Fur admovet manum rebus alienis, easque submovet, ac removet; et remotas abscondit in loco remoto. Tu semove tua, ne talibus pateant.

MOTACILLA (avicula) motat (motitat) caudam, motitatione fere momentaneā, sed non momentosā.

MOX (q. e. motu uno).

MUCET (mucescit) omne crudum humidum. Non placent mucida? Prohibe mucorem.

MUCRO, est cuspis; mucronatum telum, cuspidatum.

MUCUS (et muccus) profluit e mucosis (mucidis, muculentis) naribus, nisi detergis mucinio.

MUGIL (et mugilis), piscis capitosus.

MUGIT bos mugitu sonoro, silvaque illi remugit.

MULCEMUS blandā mulcedine (lenitate) ferocem equum; blandisque verbis demulcemus (et permulcemus) offensum amicum.

MULGET capram caprimulgus, dum emulgens lac digitis, immulget mulctrae (vel mulctro, mulctrali). Emulget iudex pecuniā illum, cui irrogat multam (seu mulctam) pecuniariam, h. e. cum multat (mulctat) nummis; sed pecunia multaticia conferenda est in publicos usus.

MULIER (muliercula) curat negotia muliebria. Vir mulierosus, mulierarias voluptates.

Mulsum, v. Mel.

Multa, Mulctra, v. Mulgere.

MULTUS, numerosus; multitudo minor est, ubi aliquam multi; maior, ubi permulti. Peccat multum, qui multoties admonitus non emendat.

MULOS (et mulas; animalia ex asinis et equabus nata) curat mulio, arte mulioniā; morbos autem mulinos (et mulares) mulomedicus.

MUNDUS (omnia continens) creatus est a Deo verê mundus (-a, -um); nunc res mundanae immundae sunt. Muliebris mundus, mundat quidem suā munditiā (vel munditie) corpus; sed ut immundities animae emundetur, aliā mundificatione opus est.

MUNGIMUS nares mucciniō (mūcinio), ut emunctae sint; emungimus candelam emunctoriō, ut clarius luceat; per emunctoria corporis effluit pituîta.

Municeps, v. Capere.

MUNIRE civitatem (circumcludendo tutam praestare) munimentis (-um), necessitas coegit; quia immunitam facile occupat hostis. Sed ut vere munita sit, oportet non tantum praemuniri, sed et undique circummuniri, firmissimêque permuniri.

MUNUS (-eris) duo significat: (1.) officium publicum, (2.) donum quasi publicum. (NB. Primo sensu pluraliter dicitur non tantum munera, sed et munia.)

Qui sunt in muniis publicis, eorum munus est bene regere; ideo fiunt immunes ab oneribus, ut pro hac immunitate fideliter communitati serviant. Munera largitur munificus; quem propter opulentiam decet munificentia, remuneratur civilis. Sed per munerationes corrumpere iudicia, lex muneralis vetat.

MURAENA, anguilla marina; muraenula, similis, sed minor piscis.

MUREX (-icis, m.) conchylium purpuram evomens. Muricatum (h. e. quadricuspidatum) ferrum.

MURIA, salsugo marina; cui similis muriatica caro.

MURMUR (-uris, n.) gratum edit aqua, dum rivulus defluens murmurat; at ursus murmurat aliā murmuratione. Tu nemini obmurmura.

MURUS est caementicius paries, quem faber murarius facit. Civitas murata habet antemurana valla (antemuralia) et intermurales fossas; et pomeria (i. e. loca pone murum) commoda.

MUS (minimum quadrupes) insidiatur penori, conspurcatque id muscerdus; sed capitur muscipulā (seu mustriculā). Pelles murinae, murium silvestrium maiorum, sunt in pretio: muris norici, muris pontici. Musculus est carneus funis in corpore; musculosi sunt robusti.

MUSA, vis mentis, ingenium, studium, gentilibus dea studiorum. Musae amant quietum museum potius quam musicum strepitum. Quia tamen suavissima ars musica recreat fessos spiritus, musicus esto.

MUSCAE abiguntur muscario (-um), necantur autem fungo muscario (-a, -um).

MUSCUS (lanugo arborum et lapidum) si nocet arbori muscosae, emusca illam.

Musculus, v. Mus.

Museum, v. Musa.

MUSSARE (mussitare) pressā voce loqui, ne quis audiat.

MUSTELA, animal mure maius oblongum; piscis fluviatilis exos.

MUSTUM, vinum recens, nondum defaecatum, sapore musteo (dulci); servatur in mustario urceo, pro parando mustaceo (-us, et -um), edulium ex musto.

MUTARE, statum rei convertere, aliud pro alio dare et sumere. Omnia sub caelo mutantur, quia mutabilia sunt, et obnoxia mutationi; immo et caelum immutabitur (demutabitur), et transmutabitur. Solus qui supra caelum est, immutabilis est. Mercatores permutant (vel submutant) merces; aliquando et mutatorias vestes.

MUTILUM corpus est aliquo membro mutilatum (i. e. imminutum). Mutica spica, est demutilata aristis.

MUTUS (fari impotens) non loquitur; qui mutit, loquitur submissê; qui obmutuit, desiit loqui.

MUTUUS, utrinque reciprocus. Facit enim mutua necessitas, ut rebus nostris mutuō (et mutuê) utamur. Ut si quis habet pecuniam mutuaticiam, mutuat illam alteri; mutuatur vero illam, qui accipit.

MYRRHA, arbor, cum suo myrrheo (et myrrhino et myrrhaceo) succo, amarissima est.

MYRTUS (frutex) fert myrtillos e quibus faciunt vinum myrteum (myrtinum, myrtaceum).

MYSTA (arcanorum dux in sacris) enarrat mysteria Dei, sensum recludens mysticum.

== N ==

NAE, affirmatio cum admiratione.

NAENIA, cantilena exsequialis.

NAEVUS, nativa macula, crimen.

NAM, coniunctio. &quot;Namque&quot; idem, sed plerumque postponitur.

-NAM, adiectio. Quisnam?

NANCISCI (nactus sum), per fortunam adipisci.

NAPUS, rapa oblongior.

NARE (natare) in superficie aquae fluere; quomodo nat (seu natat) natatile animal vario natatu. Anates connatant in natatili (-e, n., lacuna in domo). Natator denatans unā ripā, adnatat alteri, vel hinc inde obnatat; et postquam tranavit, enatat. Natrix supernatat rivis.

NARIS (-is, f.), capitis cloaca.

NARRAMUS rem ignaro; praenarramus ea quae ad narrationem intelligendam requiruntur. Denarrari (enarrari) non potest, quod inenarrabile est.

NASCITUR animal, cum generando in lucem prodit; nascuntur herbae, cum innascuntur hortis satae, aut internascuntur satis, aut enascuntur sponte; denascuntur hieme, sed renascuntur vere. Ita enim fert natura earum, naturalisque ordo, et praeternaturales causae. Nati et natae hominum, non sunt eādem nativā indole, etiamsi pares nativitate, eādem natali die, ab iisdem parentibus prognati, aut inter se cognati, vel agnati. Inter diversas nationes facile nascitur nationale odium.

NASSA piscatoria.

NASUM (respirandi meatum) habet magnum nasutus naso. Nasturtium herbula est aquatica, piperata.

Natare, v. Nare.

Natura, v. Nasci.

NATES petulantis metuant virgas.

NAUSEAM excitat navigantibus nauseosus maris odor; etiam illis qui aliās non facile nauseant.

NAVIS, est vehiculum per aquas; quā navigamus flumina, pernavigamus maria, praeternavigamus insulas, et cum enavigare libet, annavigamus portum, renavigamusque aliō. Nautae disponunt navalem apparatum. Nauclerus (seu naviculator) praest navigationi, cui naulum (vecturae navalis pretium) solvitur. Contingit quandoque naufragium. Ergo tu, si non vis fieri naufragus, noli naviculari: extra navigium nemo naufragat (vel naufragatur).

NAVUS (seu gnavus) esto (i. e. strenuus) in negotiis, ignaviam fuge; navitas ad omnia prodest. Qui aliis navat (operam) lubens, et quod coepit enavat (efficit), habet gratiam; ignavus est odiosus.

NE, duplex adverbium, (1.) prohibendi, (2.) interrogandi. Ne sperne parva, ne (i. e. &quot;ut ne&quot;) deficias in maioribus; neque (nec) puta hoc dici nequicquam (frustra): ne quidem verbum sine causa dico. Sin fieri non poterit quine (quin) haesites, quinetiam te pudeat, quinimo paeniteat. Intelligisne?

NEBULĀ (vapore denso) obductus aer nebulosus est; homo sceleribus coopertus nebulo (-nis).

Nec, v. Ne.

NECARE (mori facere) ferro, aut enecare fame, est inferre necem. In bello internecino adeo solet saeviri, ut devicti internecentur, ad internecionem usque. Tu ut effugias perniciem, fuge omnia perniciosa.

NECESSE (et necessum) est, quod aliter nec esse potest; ut cum necessitas postulat necessario, ut studioso subministrentur sumptus necessarii ad studia, a necessariis; si quando tamen iuncti necessitudine nolunt, aut non possunt, Deus excitat alios pro necessitate, qui necesse habent pauperem iuvare.

NECTIT virgo corollam, cum connectit flores, illisque annectit, subnectit, innectit (aut internectit) alia ornamenta nexilia, nexibus variis.

NEGARE licet, quod non esse verum constat; negare beneficium petenti, et digno, non licet; multo minus abnegare depositum. Ergo negatio, sermoque negativus negatorius, cauta sint; denegatioque modesta.

Negligere, v. Legere.

Negotium, v. Otium.

NEMO, est nullus homo; non nemo, aliquis homo; nemo non, omnes.

NEMPE, nominatim, omnino.

NEMUS, silva amoena et pascua; qualibus abundans nemorosa regio, abundat nemoralibus umbris, et nemorensi melle.

NEPOS (nepotulus), filii aut filiae filius; neptis (-tis, f.), filia. Omnis enim avus habet nepotem, vel neptem, sicut et proavus pronepotem, abavus abnepotem, etc. Nepotes etiam dicuntur qui post nos nascuntur.

NEQUAM (nulli bonae rei aptus), nequissimus vivit nequiter, donec poenam det nequitiae suae.

Neque, v. Nec, in Ne.

NET fila netrix; netaque tradit textori.

NERVUS, filamentum carneum in corpore, motionis instrumentum. Corpus nervosum agit nervosê (robustê). Enervum (nerve) enervat vires. Nervus in arcu eiaculatur sagittam.

Neu, Neve, v. Vel.

Neuter, v. Uter.

Neutiquam, v. Ut.

Nex, v. Necare.

Nexus, v. Nectere.

Ni, v. Nisi.

Nictare, v. Nivere.

NICTERE, canum gannitus est, dum feram odoratu quaerunt.

NIDERE, inusitatum, sed renidere, idem quod renitere (v. Nitere), subridere.

NIDOR, ex rebus adustis gravis odor.

NIDOS construunt sibi aves e nidamentis (h. e. stramentis, musco, floccis, etc.) dum nidulantur (nidificant).

NIGER corvus totus nigret; nigella (obnigra) cornix nigricat; internigrans sturnus ostentat maculas albas. Quicquid nigras (denigras, nigrefacis) accipiet nigrorem (nigredinem, nigritiam, nigritudinem).

Nihil, v. Hilum, in Hir.

NIMBUS (praeceps imber) decidit nimbosa tempestate. Imago Christi pingitur nimbata, h. e. circumdata radiorum nimbō.

NIMIRUM, scilicet, indubie.

NIMIS, est plusquam satis. Sed omne nimium est noxium; licet quidam nimietatem nimiê (nimiō, nimium, nimiopere, nimioplus, praenimis) ament.

Ningere, v. Nix.

Nisi (contracte Nî, &quot;non aliter quam si&quot;) agis prudenter, nonnisi risum reportabis; quidnî ergo id praevenias?

NISUS, accipitris genus.

NITET (prae puritate splendet) annulus bene nitidatus (politus); sed praenitet ipsa nitida gemma praestringens oculos nitore suo. Tu fac ut virtus tua eniteat in omnibus.

NITI virtute necesse habet (inclinando sese in illam, sese fulcire), quisquis ad honores nititur; anniti autem eō, laudabilis est nisus. Virtute nixus potest eniti, quōcumque enixê connititur, dummodo obnixê et constanter illi innititur. Virtuti reniti, est obniti honori suo.

NITRUM (e quo fit pulvis nitratus) paratur in nitraria; aqua nitrosa in thermis est.

NIVERE, inusitatum, frequentius Nictare. Oculus humanus nictat, ut pupilla siccescens nictatione palpebrae humectetur; oculus piscinus, quia in humido est, non connivet; aquilinus ad solem est inconnivus. Tu ad mala connivere noli.

NIX est pluvia in formam lanae concreta. Hieme ninguida, et in locis nivosis, ningit multum, aggeresque nivei obstruunt vias; aqua nivalis, aut nivata (nive refrigerata), putatur salubris.

NOBILIS (honoribus notabilis) est, quem rex nobilitat, sed ob gesta nobiliter facinora, eoque ob nobilitatem mentis, quae illum discriminat ab ignobili.

NOCERE (damnum inferre) potest omne nocivum; si tamen non sit actu nocens, est innocens (seu innocuum). Voluntaria tantum noxa, habet noxam, luitque noxam, eō quod noxium (noxiosum) est; innoxius non est obnoxius poenae.

NOCTUA volat noctu, oculisque noctuinis, videt etiam in tenebris.

NODUS, est ligatura quae non facile solvitur; ut in arbore nodosa, quam abnodamus, et liberamus nodatione suā, cum ramos inutiles cum nodis amputamus. Scirpus enodis potest nodari, sed non opus habet enodari, cum non habeat nodos, neque internodia. Nos vestem fibulamus nodis (nodulis), ligulas vero adstringimus nodis laxis. Connodator nodat retia, nodataque tibialia etc.

NOLA, tintinnabulum.

Nolle, v. Velle.

NOMEN, est vocalis nota rei, quā nominamus rem quamque nominatim; atque si quae sunt binomines, aut cognomines, distinguimus hanc ab illa praenomine, vel adnomine (agnomine), aut cognomine, prout res ab hoc vel illo accidente denominatur, aut transnominatur; modo non fiat cum ignominia, et ignominiosê; quod cavere debent nomenclatores, quibus personarun nomenclatio (nomenclatura) committitur.

NON, particula negativa. Ut non sis indoctus, disce nonnihil. Nonne fastidis? Nondum. Nonnumquam forte? Immo non umquam.

Nonus, v. Novem.

NORMĀ exploramus angulos, an normales (normati) sint; immo et enormes colossos, annon ibi aliquid abnorme, aut denormatum, sit. Tu disce normare actiones tuas, ne ullam enormitatem committas.

Noro, v. Noscere.

NOS diligimus nos, et favemus nobis rebusque nostris et nostratium (nostras, -atis); quisque nostrum ita est affectus, omnesque homines nobiscum.

NOSCERE (et gnoscere, novisse et nosse), rem intellectu tenere. Unde II. Nōro, contractum ex &quot;novero&quot;, et III. Nota, signum.

'''I. Derivata et Composita a Noscere.'''

Noscere omnia impossibile est, internoscere bona a malis ubique necessarium; quia res nota et notoria non decipit. Ignotas ergo res noscitamus, ut certis notis nobis notescant (innotescant), nosque in notitiam earum veniendo, notificamus eas aliis, ut et ipsi cognoscant cognitione certā. Notio rei olim cognitae, post oblitteratae, reparatur, dum eam ab aliis dignoscendo pernoscere discimus; quod enim praenoveramus, recognoscimus facile. Tu fragilitatem humanam agnosce, et peccantibus ignosce.

'''II. Composita a Noro.'''

Gnarus rem novit, ignarus ignorat. Gnaritas rerum melior est ignorantiā, quia ignoratio abducit in peccata. O quam multi peccant ignoranter!

'''III. Derivata et Composita a Nota.'''

Notarius notat res notabiles, aliasque notatu dignas illis annotat. Tu de libris enota, quidquid bonarum annotationum reperis, et quid unaquaeque denotet.

NOVACULA, culter barbae rasorius.

NOVEM sunt ter tria, numerus novenarius; novies noveni sunt octiginta unus. Decies nonus facit nonaginta; inter quos ultimus est nonagesimus. Nonagenarius transivit natalem suum nonagies; nonageni decies sunt nongeni (et nongenti, et noningeni), quorum ultimus est nongentesimus.

November, v. Ver.

NOVERCA raro est sine novercali odio.

NOVUS, nunc demum noviter factus; novissimus, ultimo factus (aut futurus); novitius, novus alicubi; novellus ob novitatem tenellus. Agrum novat, qui novalem (seu novale, n.) facit. Vineam novellat, qui novellis vitibus conserit. Res veterascentes novare (renovare) utilis novatio (renovatio) est; sed novator citra necessitatem res innovans, et denuo (de novo) mutans, vel nova (sc. nuntia) curiosê captans, vel spargens, odiosus est.

NOX incipit cum noctescit, ut noctu (nocte) dormiamus. Sed convivium nocturnum, praesertim pernox (g. o.), facit multos abnoctare (domo) et pernoctare alibi; dissolutos noctivagos, etiam per binoctium, trinoctium, quadrinoctium. Quidam fiunt noctambuli morbo. Aequinoctium recurrit bis anno, vere et autumno, aequinoctiali tempore.

Noxa, v. Nocere.

NUBERE est caput velare; quod non licuit virgini innubae, tametsi nubili, sed quae viro nupsit. Quae datur nuptui, ordinariê denubit in aliam familiam; enubere (extra nobilitatem) inhonorum putatur. Nupturientes firmant pronubis anulis connubium, connubialique die celebrant nuptias; a nuptiali festivitate pronubi, et pronubae, deducunt nuptam domum.

NUBES (vaporum densata multitudo), cum aerem nubilat, facit tempus nubilum; dies innubis (seu innubilus) non est nobis gratus tempore fervido. At cum e nube atra valde nubilatur aer, messores congestant frumenta in nubilar (et nubilarium, locus obiter tectus).

Nucleus, v. Nux.

Nudius tertius, v. Dies.

NUDUS (non vestitus) et nudipes non potest nudari; seminudus ostendit ex parte nuditatem; denudare (enudare) tegenda, turpe est.

NUERE est motu capitis (aut oculi, et manūs) animi sensum indicare; sive tali nutu ipsi aliquid innuimus, sive alteri annuimus, vel abnuimus, aut dare renuimus. Sed voluntas nostra in multis nutat, saepeque ipsi divino numini renutat.

NUGAE, sunt verba vana, qualibus nugax (nugiger) nugator oblectatur. Tu dedisce nugari, sermonesque nugatorios fuge.

Nullus, v. Ullus, in Unus.

NUM, anne? Num-an.

NUMELLA, vinculum collum stringens.

Numen, v. Nuere.

NUMERUS, unitatum collectio. Notis numeralibus numeramus res numerabiles, quantumvis numerosas, et fere innumeras; supernumerarias tamen non annumeramus summae. Res gestas enumeramus. Exercitum dinumeramus si transnumerari potest; pernumeramus autem, et si opus renumeramus pretium, pro rebus emptis.

NUMMUS, pecuniae particula una; qualium multum reperies (varii numismatis, i. e. signaturae) in nummaria cista nummati (nummosi) mercatoris; aut apud nummularium (nummorum permutatorem).

Numquam, v. -quam.

NUNC, hoc ipso tempore.

NUNCUPARE, nominare.

NUNDINAE, dies contractuum, et mercatūs; ad quem concurrunt nundinatores cum nundinalibus mercibus, quas in foro nundinario venundantes nundinantur; sed nundinatio in foro iustititae vetita est.

NUNTIARE, est rem nunc gestam significare; quomodo nuntius laetum nuntium (-us et -um) laetê annuntiat, tristem dolenter obnuntiat. Praenuntius praenuntiat rem nondum factam; renuntius affert quod alter renuntiavit; internuntius transmeando ab altera ad alterum internuntiat. Iudex pronuntiat sententiam, denuntiatque reo poenam; sed arcana rei publicae non enuntiat; sed renuntiat quandoque officium iudicis; atque tum in locum eius renuntiatur alius. (NB. scribunt etiam per c, Nuncius.)

Nuntius, v. Nuntiare.

NUPER (et nupero die), non longo abhinc tempore; nuperrimê (et pronuper), valde nuper.

Nuptiae, v. Nubere.

NURUS (-ūs), filii uxor.

Nusquam, v. -quam.

Nutus, nutare, v. Nuere.

NUTRIT (alit) nutrix prolem uberibus; alii vero nutritores alios nutricant (et nutricantur) aliō. Debent vero nutricii boni sic enutrire, ut innutriantur bonis moribus.

NUX crescit in nuceto, praemittens multa nucamenta, promittit multas nuces, seu nuceos fructus. Nucleus continetur intra naucum. Qui obscura enucleat, loquatur enucleatê; alioqui enucleatio aestimabitur nauci.

== O ==

O, particula vocandi.

OB oculos situs (i. e. ante); ob eam rem (i. e. propter); obducere.

OBBA, vas ligneum unde potus infunditur.

OBEDIRE (oboedire) alicui, est suadentem audire et sequi. Beatus obediens Deo! Nam obedientia habet multas promissiones, inobedientia comminationes.

OBELUS (Gr. οβελος), veru; obelius, placenta veru assata; obeliscus, veruculum; obeliscus, nota censoria in margine libri; obeliscus, turris e lapide solido.

OBESAS (pingues) vaccas reddit steriles nimia obesitas (Columella, De Re Rustica).

Obex, v. Iacere.

Obitus, v. Ire.

Oblatus, v. Ferre.

OBLIQUAM viam videns ante se auriga, obliquat equos.

Óblitus, v. Linere.

Oblîtus, Oblivisci, mox.

OBLIVISCI, memoriam rei amittere; oblitum esse, perinde est ac non didicisse. Sed remedium oblivionis est repetitio. Attende, tu obliviose!

Obnixe, v. Niti.

Obnoxius, v. Noxa, in Nocere.

OBOLUS, minimus nummus; datur tamen etiam semiobolus, et diobolus, triobolus, h. e. semiobolaris, di-, triobolaris nummulus.

OBSCAENA (vel obscêna, h. e. foeda, spurca) verba arguunt obscaenitatem animi; tu nihil etiam cogita obscaenê.

OBSCURA nox obscurat omnia; sed obscuritatem rursum tollit lux.

Obsecrare, v. Sacer.

Obses, v. Sedere.

Obsitus, v. Serere, et Sinere.

Obsoletus, v. Olescere.

OBSONIUM (vel opsonium), quicquid coctum (praeter panem et carnem) mensae apponitur; quod obsonat (vel obsonatur) obsonator.

OBSTETRIX (-icis), parturientis ministra obstetricat (et obstetricatur).

Obstinatus, v. Stinare.

Obtentus, v. Tendere, et Tenere.

Obulus, v. Obolus.

OCCĀ (instrumento dentato) occamus (h. e. semina in agris sparsa glebis obruimus). Quae occatio, et occatoria opera, tam necessaria est, ut seminatio ipsa; quia semen non deoccatum (aut inoccatum) perit.

Occasio, Occidere, v. Cadere.

Occipere, v. Capere.

Occiput, v. Caput.

Occîsus, v. Caedere.

Occultus, v. Celare.

Occumbere, v. Cubare.

Occupare, v. Capere.

OCIOR (ocyor, i. e. velocior), ocyssimo cervo esse non potes; age tamen omnia ocius (ocissime), ut absolvas quantocius.

Ocium, v. Otium.

OCREA, calceamentum maius, tibias et genua tegens, ut vides in ocreato.

OCTO (bis quatuor) viros octies membratim positos dum videbis incedere, dices incedere octenos (vel octonos). Ultimus inter octo, est octavus; inter octodecim, decimus octavus; inter octoginta, octogesimus; inter octingentos, octingentesimus. Octonarius continet integros octo; octans octavam partem integri. Octogenarium senem vidi; octingenarium reperiri hoc saeculo non credam, etiam si id octavum, imo octogies, aut octingenties dicas.

OCULUS videt oculari pupillā; sed si oculario morbo obtenebratur, per ocularia. Testis oculatus est qui ipse vidit; oculeus, plenus oculis; oculissimus, quem quis amat oculitus. Si unoculum (monoculum, seu coclitem, cocles) exoculabis, caecus fiet. At inocula surculum arbori, brevi accipiet novos oculos. Ocellos parvos habet ocula; nux oculata foraminosa est.

ODIT vir bonus, odiō sanctō, res odiosas (odibiles). Maligno osori res bonae exosae (perosae) sunt.

ODŌRA res odorat; nos autem illum odorem odoramur odoratu nostro. E rebus odoratis parat odoramina (odoramenta) odorarius; sed inodōrae, nec vestem inodorant, nec aliud.

OECONOMUS (domūs dispensator) administrat oeconomiam, resque oeconomicas.

OFFA (dimin. offula, offella), carnis concisae, et in globum convolutae frustum iurulentum.

Officium, v. Opus.

Oh, ohe, oho!

OLEA (arbor) profert olivas; e quibus quia sunt oleosae, exprimit oleitatem, conficitque oleum olearius, in mola olivaria; expressumque illud olivum excipit in serias oleares, reservatis foliis oleaceis, et fracibus oleagineis, ad alios usus. Olivat autem, cum olivetum est maturum. In oleastro (-ster) frustra oleamenta quaeras.

OLET (odorem emittit) quicquid est olidum; oletum graviter perolet, quia recentem putredinem redolet. Libenter olfacimus (olfactamus) grata olfactui; suaviolentes autem herbas adolemus flammis. Quod exolevit, vix subolemus, ut exoletum vinum.

OLESCERE, augeri, crescere; inusitatum, sed composita sunt in usu, haec:

Adolescens (adulescens) adolescit a prima adolescentia usque in adultam (pro &quot;adoletam&quot;) aetatem. (Sed adolescentuli et adolescentulae cum incipiunt adolescenturire, debent esse modesti.) Deinde rursum abolescunt, et obsolescunt, fiuntque exsoleti (obsoleti).

Parentes relinquunt post se prolem (q. e. &quot;pro olem&quot;, progeniem; vel subolem, et sobolem), nisi sint improles. Natura inolet (ingenerat) cuivis peculiarem indolem (innatam vim), etiam proletariae plebi.

OLIM, quondam (de praeterito et futuro).

Oliva, v. Olea.

OLLAE, ollulae, et ollaris formae vasa, ex argilla fiunt.

OLOR, avis est; olorinus color candidus.

OLUS (holus, -eris, dimin. olusculum) serit olitor in horto olitorio; unde oleracea edulia.

OMASUM (et ab-), pars ventriculi bovini ultima, nigrior.

OMEN (-inis, n.), elapsum ore verbum, futuri eventūs signum; qualia omina qui captat, et ex illis ominosa quaedam ominatur, ominator est. Sed alii hoc abominantur (ut malum omen aversantur) tamquam abominabilem abominationem.

OMENTUM, intestinorum operimentum.

OMNIS homo, eoque omnes homines, errare possunt omnino, circa omnia omnimodê, et prolabi in omnifarios naevos.

ONUS, aliquid portatu grave, et quod premit. Oneribus mercium, et aliis onerosis rebus, onerat nauta onerariam navem, alibique rursum exonerat. Tu vide ne cuiquam sis oneri; si vero ipse te sentis oneratum (onustum) deonerabit te patientia.

OPACAE (densae, umbrosae) arbores opacant (et inopacant) humum opacitate suā.

Opera, v. Opus.

Operire, v. Perire.

Opes, v. Ops.

Opilio, v. Ovis.

OPIMUM vis habere anserem? Opima illum.

OPINARI, non est scire; et tamen mundus opinionibus regitur, infinitisque opinationibus, de rebus opinabilibus scinditur. Sed et casus inopinati nos turbant, dum pleraque veniunt inopinanter (inopinatê, inopinatō).

Opiparus, v. Parare.

Opis et Opitulari, v. Ops.

OPIUM, succus papaveris crudi.

Oportet, v. Opus.

Opperiri, v. Periri.

OPPIDUM (civitatulam) inhabitant oppidani, non semper oppido divites; mendici cursant oppidatim.

OPS, opis, antiquis multitudo, copia. In specie, singulariter auxilium, pluraliter divitiae. Ferre opem potest, cui sunt opes; quia opulentus, si vult, opulentat alios opulentiā suā. Et quidnî opitulari queat, cui copia (q. e. &quot;co-opia&quot;) est mediorum, et quidem in copia? Aut etiam copiae militares. Ad copiosos igitur confugiant inopes, pro levamine inopiae.

Opsonium, v. Obsonium.

OPTARE, duo significat: (1.) Cupere. (2.) Eligere.

'''Derivata et Composita, a Significatione 1.'''

Aliquando quem optamus adesse, advenit optato; at nos optabilem illam pacem, quam praeoptamus bello, frustra exoptavimus tot annis.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Optat sibi centurio liberā optione fidum optionem, qui sua negotia adiuvet. Adoptator vero, adoptat sibi quem vult in adoptivum filium, aut etiam cooptat plures simul.

OPTIMUS (maximê bonus) status est tranquillus, in quo conservare patriam quam optimê curent optimates.

Opulentus, v. Ops.

OPUS est res agendo producta, vel producenda; opera, actio ipsa, qua opus est. Nam oportet (h. e. opus portat, requirit) operari operarium; immo, si res operosa est, plures cooperari tantopere, quantopere id rei operositas requirit. Parvum opusculum, parvam requirit opellam; ubi esse magnopere operosum non est operae pretium. Opifices opificia sua peragunt in opificinis (contractê Officinis). Tu quoque da operam, ut facias officium tuum, et sis officiosus.

ORA, margo cuiusque rei; tractus loci inter oras, regio; oria (horia), navicula parva, piscatoria.

ORARE, praemeditatum sermonem publicê loqui. Rogare, precari. Orat bonus orator, dum orationem praemeditatam, artificio oratorio ornatam, perorat. Ego vero te oro, ut piā oratione Deum adores (nam adorandus est), non tantum in oratorio (-um), sed ubique, prout ille sacris suis oraculis (-um) praescripsit. Exorabis omnia, dum tu non eris proximis tuis inexorabilis.

ORBIS, est corpus circulare; qualis est orbis terrae, verê orbiculatus; immo totus hic orbis (mundi), cuius sidera cursant cursu orbico. In curru, orbile saepe ab orbita exorbitat.

ORBUS est, qui carissimā re orbatur (privatur); sed tristissima orbitas est, amittere Deum.

ORCA, dolium latā alvo, ore et fundo angusto. Balaena minor, crassa et teres.

ORCUS, infernalis carcer.

ORDIRI (initium facere) vis aliquid? Cautê! Ne vix orsus, et ab ipso exordio (exorsu) aut inter primordia, necesse habeas redordiri.

ORDO est, ubi res procedunt ordine. Ordines regni ordinant leges bonas, ne quid fiat inordinatê, coordinantque se ad ordinaria onera; sed extraordinarii census, habent peculiarem ordinationem.

OREA, freni pars quae inseritur ori.

ORGANUM, est instrumentum; corpus tuum organicum (instrumentis membrorum plenum). Musicum organum facit organarius, pulsat organicus (vulgo organista).

Orificium, v. Os, oris.

ORIRI, incipere esse, aut apparere. Unde quid oritur, inde habet originem. Sol oritur quotidie in oriente, h. e. orientali plaga, cooriunturque alia sidera, et exorta, adoriuntur vivificis suis radiis omnia. Inter bonos non debet esse exprobratio ortūs, unde scilicet quis oriundus sit; cum etiam ab obscuro exortu (exorsu) clari viri suboriri soleant. (Verba quoque habent originationem ab aliqua originali voce.) Animal foetum abortit (vel abortat), fiuntque abortivi foetus. Casus talis saepe oboritur.

ORNAT (speciosê decorat) omnis ornatus. Desunt ornamenta? Inornatus eris. Virtus ergo tibi adornet, exornet, prorsusque perornet, mentem. Adornat alteri periculum, qui subornat falsum testem.

ORNUS, arbor montana.

ŌS, ōris, dimin. osculum, instrumentum edendi et loquendi. Mater adhibens suum os osculo infantis, osculatur illum (deosculatur et exosculatur); quae oscula (osculationes) signum sunt amoris. Ore hiante oscitat oscitabundus qui dormiturit (aut quem oscedo, -inis, vexat). In studiis oscitantia noxia est; cave hîc versari oscitanter. Orificium in quovis vase est. Ostream aiunt esse animal inorum (seu inos, -oris).

OS, ossis, dimin. ossiculum. Ossa durant diu, ob suam osseam duritiem; etiam in ossuario (vel -a) reposita ossiculatim. Pisces quidam sunt exosses, quos non opus est exossari.

OSCEN (-inis, m., et oscinis, -is, g. o.), avis canora.

OSCILLA (et oscillae, utrumque plur.), funis suspensus, cui insidendo pueri sese oscillant, h. e. iactitant; quae oscillatio si nimia est, noxia est.

Ostendere, Ostentare, Ostentum, v. Tendere.

OSTIUM (ianuae foramen, qua introimus et eximus) clauditur ab ostiario propter mendicos ostiatim irrepentes. Fluvii ostium quis claudat?

OSTREA (et ostreum), aquatile testaceum.

OTIUM, est vacatio a labore; turpe tamen otium est nolle laborare, sed otiari. Tu ne sis otiosus nec vitam agas otiosê; potius ama negotia, et sis negotiosus. Negotiator quia intelligit quantum sit lucrum in negotiatione, negotiatur strenuê.

OVANT (laetitiam iubilis demonstrant) victores ovatu laeto, sub corona ovali, myrtea.

OVIS (ovicula), lanigerum pecus. Ab ovibus habemus ovinas pelles, et ovillum lac. Merito igitur aedificamus oviariae (seu oviarico pecori) ovilia, conducimus oviliones, usitatius opiliones).

OVUM, seminalis massa avium, et piscium. Aves ponunt ova tempore ovationis, figurā ovali (seu ovatā). At ova piscium, ut grana milii sunt.

== P ==

PABO (-onis, m.), vehiculum unirotum.

Pabulum, v. Pascere.

Pacare, v. Pax.

PACISCI cum aliquo solemus (i. e. de dando et reddendo convenire) mediante pactore aliquo, pactione certā; aut depacisci quoquomodo. Sed perfidi quandoque pacta violant, neque pacticiam mercedem reddunt.

PAENULA (pênula), amiculum viatoris.

PAETUS, cui oculi ludunt.

PAGINA (pagella, q. e. &quot;paginella&quot;), folii chartacei facies una.

PAGUS, habitatio rusticorum e pluribus villis compacta. Alicubi pagani (paganici) celebrant paganalia obeuntes pagatim, praesertim pagani sub paganismo.

PALĀ, colligimus lutum, bipalio fodimus terram.

In PALAESTRA exercent se palaestritae, in palaestrica scientia.

PALAM multis peccare (seu peccare palam, et propalam) turpe est; etiamsi tamen clam peccas, dispalescet. Tu arcana propalare cave.

PALANGAM (lignamentum cylindraceum) supponit palangarius moli transmovendae, eamque palangando promovet. Minorem palangarii tollunt palangā, baiulantque humeris.

Palare, v. Palus (1).

PALANTUR milites per agros palatim, praesertim dispalati (i. e. dispersi) ab hoste.

PALATIUM, domus regis augusta; sed palatinus, primarius regis minister. (In Germania, Comes Palatinus. In Hungaria, Prorex. In Polonia, Dux Provincialis.)

PALATUM, cavitas oris super linguam; palato gratus.

PALEAS (excussi frumenti folliculos) vide in paleario, aut paleato luto; palea pendet ad collum Galli gallinacei; palear sub collo bovis.

PALLĀ utuntur mulieres, palliō viri palliati; hypocrita palliat sua peccata.

PALLERE (cum flavedine albere) morbo, non tam turpe est ac pallescere invidiā, vel expallescere culpā. Est tamen pallor naturalis quibusdam pallidis.

Pallium, v. Palla.

PALMA, quattuor significat. (1.) Volam manus. (2.) Spatium quattuor digitorum. (3.) Arborem. (4.) Victoriam. Nam:

PALMĀ palmamus parietem lutatum, ut palmatus (h. e. planus) sit. Aves aquaticae sunt palmipedes, ut natare queant. At palmā (seu potius palmō) mensuramus asserem, an palmaris (palmarius) vel bipalmis sit. Arbor palma abundê proveniens in palmetis (-um) palmosae Aegypti, fert formosas palmeas frondes, dulcemque fructum palmulas. In disputatione obtinet palmam, qui palmaria (primaria) protulit argumenta.

PALMES (-itis, m.), ramus vitis.

Palmus, v. Palma.

PALPAMUS manu pectus, quomodo cor palpitet. Sed palpator (seu palpo) palpatur (palpum dat, i. e. blanditias) homini, a quo expalpare aliquid quaerit.

PALPEBRA, oculi tegumentum.

PALUDATUS Imperator, est paludamento (h. e. pallio bellico) ornatus.

PALUMBES (-is, g. c., vel palumbus, -a), silvestris columbus maior.

PALUS (-i, m.), lignamentum alterā parte cuspidatum, quā terra pangitur; ut ad palos palamus vites; et ad palos alligamus maleficos; de paxillo vero suspendimus pileum.

PALUS (-udis, f.) est aqua de uliginosa terra scatens, atque ita, stans; ut in locis paludosis (palustribus) vides.

PAMPINUS (m. et f., h. e. folium vitis) dat uvis umbracula; sed ne illas exsugat, pampinat pampinator pampinosam vitem, crebrā pampinatione, illaque pampinea (pampinacea, pampinaria) sarmenta eiectat.

Panarium, v. Panis.

PANDERE, est aliquid in longum et latum explicare; itemque patefacere. Dices ergo:

Pandimus velum, cum illud praepandimus fenestrae, rursumque repandimus. Pandimus os, cum oscitamus; dispandimus brachia, expandimusque totum corpus, cum post somnum pandiculamur. Pansa habet pedes passos, et cum discurrit passim, facit passus magnos, valde dispansos (seu dispessos).

PANDUM rostrum (deorsum incurvum) habet aquila; repandos calceos (rostratos sursum versus) gestabant antiqui; lignum fraxini pandat facile.

PANGERE (pepigi, pactum) significat iungere, figere, stabilire, facere. Ut:

Pangit pacem gens cum gente. Compingit libros compactor compacturā eleganti. Faber facit compages trabium, ad compaginandum pontem. Vinitor depangit in terram propagines, et vitibus sic propagatis, circumpangit pedamina; quae prudenter impingit terrae, ne quis impingat pedem. Arcularius vero suppingit compactili tabulae impagem, oppingitque repagulum ostio, ne aperiatur.

PANICA (et panicum), frugis genus, habens loco spicae paniculam, sive spicam paniculatam.

PANIS coquitur arte panificii, asservatur in panario.

Pannus, v. Panus.

Pansa, v. Pandere.

PANTICES (m. pl.), intestina.

PANUS, glomulus tramae, quem per stamen traiectans pannifex facit pannos; e quibus fiunt panneae vestes, et ex his detritis panniculi; pannosum vocant lacerê vestitum, obsitum pannis (seu pannuciis, -ia). Praeterea est Pannus Londinensis, pinguis, sericus, holosericus, subsericus, attalicus, damascenus, purpureus, scutulatus, undulatus, florulentus, xylinus, camelinus, etc.

PAPAVER, somnifera herba est; sicut et papavereum oleum.

PAPILIO, vermiculus est alatus. Item tentorium castrense sic albicans.

PAPPA, cibus infantilis praemansus est, quem pappant infantes. Pappus est in deflorente carduo; pappus volitat in autumno.

PAPULA (et papilla), tuberculum pectoris; pusula purulenta.

PAPYRUS (et papyrum), Aegyptia planta, unde fiebant papyracea folia, et libri.

PARES numero, et impares viribus tametsi suppares (ferê pares) sint aetate, congredi pariter non possunt, ob imparilitatem. Meus compar (socius) sit mihi moribus compar (aequalis). Comparare velle res incomparabiles, et aequiparare dispares (seu dispariles) parilis ineptia est; quae habent disparilitatem, sunt disparanda. Par impar ludere, puerilis ludus est.

PARARE (ut aliquid sit efficere) tibi vis amicos? Dicam quomodo sint parabiles. Para vonvivum opiparum, lautê apparatum; tum compara vinum bonum, emitteque pararios, et dic omnia esse parata; comparebunt. Sed sperasne amicitiam sic partam, fore inseparabilem? Separabunt se profecto, cum videbunt cenas non reparari, cum irreparabili tuo ludibriō. Ergo tu potius praepara animum ad virtutem, et praeparatus sis ad omnia. ¶ Imperat bellicus imperator exercitui, edicens imperia, iure imperatoriō. Sed Romanus imperator promotus ad imperium, eminet regibus imperiali maiestate; dictatura imperiosa non est nunc in usu.

PARCERE, est re aliquā moderatius uti. Tu ergo parce sumptibus, parce utendo bonis tuis; sera est in fundo parsimonia. Nimia tamen parcitas noxia est. Praeparcus non parcit valetudini, dummodo comparcat nummo.

Parens et Parentare, v. Parere.

PARERE, adesse, videri, obsequi. Parere nolle bene monenti paret (apparet) esse contumaciam. Compare ad iudicem, cum te apparitor vocat, aut eris reus imparentiae. Vitrum in luce transparet, in tenebris disparet, ut et omnia.

PARERE, foetum intra se genitum foras emittere. Dehinc, comparare sibi. Parens vicina partui parturit cum dolore (praesertim primipara vel gemellipara); tandemque parit partum, quem parentes educant parentali curā, ut sit qui illis vitā functis parentet, et sic parentali illo die parentalia peragat. Puerpera aliquando in ipso puerperio moritur.

PARIETEM (aedificii latus) lutat parietarius; parietinae (dirutorum parietum reliquae) ad nihil sunt.

PARMA (parmula), breve scutum.

Parricîda, v. Pater.

PARS, est aliquid in toto; sed partem maiorem rursum partimur in particulas, et particellas minores; partim dispartiendo (et dispertiendo) inter participes particulatim; partim impertiendo aliis, qui aliās essent expertes, et non participarent. Res partitione, fit bipartita, tri-, quadri-, multipartita. Iudex audiat utramque partem.

Partus, -ūs, v. Parere.

Partus, a, um, v. Parare.

PARUM (non multum) nos oblectare potest gaudium parvum parumper durans. Ideo sapiens paulum curat parvulas (paululas) voluptates mundi; desuescit illis potius paulatim, qui paulo plus sapit.

Parus, avicula e minimis.

PASCIT bonus pastor gregem suum in agro pascuo, ut ibi laete pascat (seu pascatur). Educit igitur illum ad pastum (-ūs); atque si maior est, dispescit per diversa pascua; et ne pecudes diffugiant, compescit eas flagro pastorio (pastoricio), donec depaverint campum, aut fuerint satis pastae. At hieme, cum non habet ubi eas impascat, providet pastorali curā domi pabulum; quod ut sibi ne desit, maturê pabulatur bonus pabulator.

PASSER (passerculus) avicula domestica; marinus, pisciculus latus.

Passim, v. Pandere.

Passus, v. Pandere, et Pati.

PASTILLUS, est panis parvus rotundus; iurulentus globulus; medicamentosus globulus.

PASTINACA, radix oleracea.

PASTINUM, ligo bifurcus, quō pastinat vineam pastinator crebrā pastinatione.

PATAGIUM, ornamentum vestis ad collum.

Patefacere, v. Patere.

Patella, v. Patina.

PATER (paterculus) habens filium vel filiam; qui aemulari paternas virtutes, patriosque mores, id est patrissare debent; praesertim e clarā patria, genereque patricio orti; sive adhuc sunt patrimi, sive non. Sicut et qui habent honorabiles patruos aut patrueles, aut compatres. Patricîda (et usitatius iam Parricîda, propter atrocitatem parricidii) amittit non tantum patrimonium, sed et vitam; indignus, cui aliquis patronus patrociniō suo patrocinetur.

PATERA, poculum humile, patulum.

PATERE, apertum esse, aut notum. Patet ianua, ingredere; satis patula est. Bipatentem portam si patefacis utrinque, patescet quicquid intus est, eritque in propatulo.

PATI nos oportet in hac patibili vita, quicquid evenit, patienter: unum remedium malorum patientia. Esto igitur patiens, et ne patere te commoveri ad impatientiam; poterisque perpeti omnia. Ad passiones nascimur.

PATIBULUM, structura furibus suspendendis; patibulatus.

PATINA, vas quo escas inferuntur mensis; patella; patella genualis.

PATRARE (efficere) bona vel mala possumus; sed qui perpetrat aliquid mali, non semper impetrat veniam.

Patronus, et Patruus, v. Pater.

Patulus, v. Patere.

PAUCI (pauculi; exigui numero) sunt docti scholares: mirere illam paucitatem. O si essent pauxillum diligentiores, proficerent pauxillatim.

Paulum, v. Parum.

PAUPER (paupertinus, pauca possidens) non est miser, si commoda paupertatis (pauperiei) novit: non enim eget medico, nec metuit pauperari (vel depauperari).

PAUSA (cessatio) est, cum quis pausat a loquendo vel agendo.

PAVET, qui metu percellitur, ut pavidus equus, qui facile pavescit; magis vero expavet, et frequentius pavitat, semel et iterum perpavefactus. Impavido non facile incuties pavorem.

PAVIRE, stupidê percutere; quomodo pavimus solum, dum facimus pavimentum paviculā.

PAVO (et pavus) et pava nobiles aves, pictā oculis caudā pavoniā (pavoninā, pavonaceā).

PAX! St! Vocula imperantis silentium. Sed qui amat pacem (rerum statum tranquillum) et est animo pacato, pacat simul alios. &quot;Beati pacifici&quot;, inquit Christus.

Paxillus, v. Palus.

PECCARE (contra legem agere), humanum est; perseverare in peccato, diabolicum. Audis, peccator?

PECTE capillos pectine (pectunculo) tu impectite (impexe); ne te pectat linarius pectine, aut fullo pectine. Textor condensat telam pectine; fidicen chordas stringit pectine; agricola suo pectine pectinat segetem. Pexa vestis villosa est, quam depectimus pectine setaceo.

PECTUS habens magnum, pectorosus est; habens morbum pectoralem (-is, -is, -e) opus habet expectorari; et foveri a pectorali.

Peculiaris, Peculium, v. Pecus.

PECUNIA (emendi instrumentum) bona res est; sed pecuniosus saepe habet difficultates pecuniarias.

PECUS (pecoris, n., et pecudis, f.) est animal cicur. Multa habens pecora pecorarius, vivit de re pecuaria lautê, si pecorosus est, et habet fidos pecuarios. Sed hi plerumque sunt moribus pecorinis (vel pecuinis, sed s. a. v.), quaeruntque proprium peculium, h. e. peculiares utilitates. Sicut et in re publica sunt, qui peculiariter sibi peculia quaerunt, depeculando bona publica; sed saepe accusantur de peculatu iniqui peculatores.

Pedamentum, Pedaneus, Pediculus, v. Pes.

PEDERE (clarê ventris flatum emittere) et invicem oppedere solent scurrae: phuy!

PEDUM, baculum pastoreum.

Peierare, v. Iurare.

PEIOR (magis malus) facit peius; pessimus pessimê.

PELLARE, loqui; inusitatum, sed composita sic: Quem vis appellare (alloqui), eum prius disce appellare (nominare) appellatione propriā. A iudice si vis aliō appellare, vide ut habeas iustas causas appellationis tuae. Qui te compellat amicê, illum non debes interpellare odiosê.

PELLERE (freq. Pulsare) est aliquid ingratum abigere. Ut cum hostis exercitum ad nos appellit, aut classem ad portum nostrum appellit, eum nos prohibemus appulsu, aut etiam repellimus, ab obsidione depellimus, et si possumus dispellimus, finibusque nostris expellimus; aut compellimus (aut perpellimus), ut ipse cedat; et sic aspellimus et propellimus, quousque possumus, impulsi (compulsi) amore patriae. Opilio compellit oves, et propulsat ab illis lupos. Qui pulsat fores, nec intromittitur post iteratos pulsus, patitur repulsam, impelliturque ad iram.

Pellex, v. Pellicere, in Lacere.

PELLIS (pellicula), cutis a carne detracta mollior; e qualibus pellio conficit pellicea (vel pellicia) vestesque pelliceas, ut hieme incedamus pelliti. Cistas et thecas pelliculant alii. Versipellis vestem et vultum facile mutat.

Pellucidus, v. Lux.

Pelluvium, v. Luere.

PELVIS, sinus aquarium, ad varia perluendum.

PENATES (tantum pl.), dii domestici gentilibus.

PENDET nubes pendula in aere, cum pluvia impendet. Poma propendula (seu, pensilia) dependent de arbore, praependentque alia aliis, ad quae decerpendum viator facile propendet.

PENDERE, pendere facere; tum ponderare et aestimare; et solvere (quia antiqui pretia non numerabant sed pendebant):

Pendit (seu appendit), lanarius lanam, ut pendat (sc. expendat) quantum pendat (i. e. ponderet); iubetque ementem pendere (i. e. solvere) pensionem pecuniariam, iuxta pensuram lanae. Netrix accipit pensum rependitque tandem pensiunculam, aut pensat aliter. Dispensator dispendit (vel dispensat) in familia labores, dependens suam cuique portionem; sed prudenter pensitando, ne per multas appendices faciat dispendium; potius compendium, compendiariā (pendiosā) aliquā viā. Dum pecuniam in aliquid impendit, cavet ne impendia (impensae) fiant inutiliter. Inscribit igitur omnes expensas in librum, et si quid minus necessario expendit, compensat alibi. Faber perpendit parietem, quaerens perpendiculō lineam perpendicularem. Fur suspenditur, et punitur suspendiō. Tu cum hominibus age pensiculatê, ut magnos magnipendas, neminem levipendas, et sis impensê circumspectus.

PENE (paene) dubito, an penes hominem sit omnia penitus ingeniō penetrare. Industrioso tamen etiam penitiora, immo penitissima sunt penetrabilia, cum se in suo penetrali (-le, n., intimum conclave) occludens, in res penitissimê immergit.

PENIS bubulus, cum parte carnis, dat offam penitam; peniculō abstergimus; penicillō (-us et -um) pingit pictor.

PENNA (pennula) est avium vestis, et volandi instrumentum; omnes enim sunt pennatae et bipennes. Sed ferream bipennem gestat bipennifer.

Pensare, Pensum, v. Pendere.

Pensilis, v. Pendere.

PENU (et penum, et penus, victualium apparatus) est remedium penuriae, cum Deus benedicit penario (-um, seu cellae penuariae) nostrae.

PER aquam vadare, peramplo amne, perquam periculosum est.

PERA, pastorum (vel mendicorum) capsa, circumligabilis corpori, sacciperium dicitur.

PERCA, piscis maior; perca minor.

Percontari (Percunctari) v. Contus.

Percutere, v. Quatere.

Perdere, v. Dare.

PERDIX (-icis), avis.

Peregre, v. Ager.

Peremptorie, v. Emere.

PERENNIS (per annos durans) fons perennê fluens, conveniente sibi perennitate perennat.

PERGAMENA, membrana scribendo apta.

PERGERE, progredi est; expergefieri (seu expergisci) evigilare. Tu expergefactus (seu experrectus) expergefac alios.

PERGULA, ambulacrum tectum.

Periculum, v. Perire.

Perimere, v. Emere.

Perinde, v. Unde.

Perire, Interire, v. Ire.

PERIRE, inusitatum, duplici significatione: (1.) Aperire. (2.) Experiri.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Aperi (adperi) ianuam amico, ut aperta sit, vel semiaperta, aut saltem apertilis, pro facili apertura, si non vis opperiri eum pro foribus. Quod vis habere opertum operi, seu in olla operculo (cooperculo), seu in dolio opertorio, seu alibi aliō operimento. Rerum quas reperire (invenire) cupis, fac repertorium, et distingue reperta ab irrepertis.

'''Derivata et Composita a Significatione 2.'''

Perîtus rerum esse vis? Debes periclitari unamquamque uno et altero periculō; sed ut sine periculo sit, cave periculosas actiones. Et quicquid sic compereris, vel expertus fueris, pro experto habe, fretusque tuā experientiā, doce inexpertos experimentis certis.

PERNA, armus est porci salitus; pernio, dolor pedum frigore adustorum; compernis, qui genua habet in se contorta.

Pernicies, v. Necare.

Pernio, v. Perna.

PERNIX (summê celer) avis perniciter volat, ad pernicitatem nata.

PERONES (semiocreas) gestat peronatus.

PERPERUS, pravus, agit perperam.

PERPES (-etis, et perpetuus), non interruptus. Perpetem noctem dormire perpetim, nimium est. Sidera perpetuant cursum suum perpetuo (-uum). Perpetuitas vitae non conceditur homini; possessor tamen perpetuus dicitur perpetuarius.

Perpetrare, v. Patrare.

Perquam, v. Per.

PERSICUS arbor, fert persica.

PERSONIS certis conceduntur privilegia personalia; histrio simulans alienam personam (vultum) prodit personatus (h. e. indutus personā), ficto vultu.

Perspicere, v. Specere.

Pertaesus, v. Taedet.

PERTICA, baculus oblongus; et pértica baculus mensorius; scinduntur e perticali salice.

Pertinax, v. Tenax.

Pertingere, v. Tangere.

PES, pedis, m., quattuor significat: (1.) Instrumentum ambulandi; (2.) sustentaculum rei; (3.) mensuram pedalem; (4.) pes poeticus est mensura syllabarum.

'''Derivata et Composita a Significatione 1.'''

PEDIBUS graditur animal pedatum, sive fuerit bipes, sive quadrupes, aut multipes; ut vermis centumpeda (seu millepeda); et vermiculus capitis habens sex pediculos (pediolos) dictus pediculus (seu pedunculus), a quibus multiplicatis venit morbus pedicularis, quem patitur pedicosus (pediculosus). Pedo habet pedes longos, loripes tortos, palmipes avis planos. Miles pedes (-itis, pedarius, et pedaneus) et exercitus pedestris, unā voce peditatus (-ūs), procedit pedibus et pedatim, ne cito fatigetur. Sed pedisequi (circumpedes) non semper possunt sequi dominos pedetentim, quando currendum est expeditê.

'''A Significatione 2.'''

Mensa tripes (tripedanea) habeat suppedaneum suum. Vitis pedatur (i. e. sustentatur) ligneo pedamine (pedamento). Pomum pediculatum pendet a longo pediolo. Pedica est laqueus avium; compedes vincula pedum humanorum, quibus compeditus, aut impeditus aliis impedimentis, aegrê incedit, nisi eum expedias; quod facere expedit cum tabellarium expedis; aut bellica expeditio suscipitur, ut exercitus impedimentis ne oneretur, quibus posset praepediri; potius illi suppeditentur (ut ad pedes sint provideantur) necessaria, ne cogatur repedare rebus inexpeditis.

'''A Significatione 3.'''

Calceus fit mensura pedali (pedanea); palma manūs est minus quam semipes (semipedalis, semipedanea); palmipes dices, quod mensuram habet fere sesquipedis (sequipedalem); cuius duplum tripes (tripedalis) mensura est. Decempedā (decem pedum pérticā) metitur decempedator agros.

Pessimus, v. Peior.

PESSULUM tolle (sursum versum mobilem obicem), si vis aperire oppessulatas fores.

PESSUM, deorsum. Saepe pessum it qui alium pessum dare quaerit.

PESTIS (pernicies) seu pestifera lues, inficit aerem, facitque pestilentiam in locis pestilentiosis (pestilentialibus); pestis principum sunt adulatores.

PETERE quattuor significat: (1.) Optare, Appetere; (2.) Quaerere, et sumere; (3.) Rogare; (4.) Vi in aliquid ferri.

Tu quod petis (appetis vel expetis) unde petes? A viro bono pete petitione (petitu) humili; ne impete illum impetu verborum (seu impetuosis verbis); ut petulcus caper, qui cornibus petit obvios; aut petulans puer petulanter exercens petulantiam. Appetitus (appetitio, appetentia) sit ordinatus, rerum quae tibi competunt; si adest qui competit idem, transige cum tuo competitore competenter. Rem alteri concreditam repete, repetitio iusta est; et quod didicisti, repete repetitione crebrā, ne obliviscaris. Si tibi suppetit (i. e. sub manum venit, aut est) unde feras suppetias misero, fer, antequam oppetat mortem.

PETIGO (et impetigo, f.), asperitas cutis cum pruritu.

PETILUS, parvus, exilis.

PETIOLUS, fructum pedunculus.

PETRA, saxum; petraeus (et petrinus), e saxo; petrosus (petricosus), saxosus.

Petulans, v. Petere.

Petus, v. Paetus.

Pexus, v. Pectere.

Phalanga, v. Palanga.

PHILOSOPHUS (amator sapientiae) verus philosophatur verê, omnia demonstrans philosophis (philosophicis) rationibus; philosophaster inaniter iactat philosophiam.

PHYSICUS scrutatur causas rerum physicas (naturales); est autem pars physicae physiognomia, cum de naturae indole e signatura corporis divinat physiognomus.

Piaculum, v. Pius.

-PIAM, adiectio. Si est quidpiam uspiam, quod quaerit quispiam, aut quaepiam, poterit inveniri alicubi.

PICA, avis variegata; picus, pica minor, rostro adunco.

PICEA, arbor picem desudans.

Pictor, Pictura, v. Pingere.

Picus, v. Pica.

PIGET (taedet) laborare pigrum; sed olim pigebit (paenitebit) pigritiae suae. Tu ad labores impiger esto; otiosus pigrescit facile, deindeque ad omnia pigratur.

Pigmentum, v. Pingere.

PIGNUS (-oris, et -eris, n., aliquid creditori datum in certitudinem rei restituendae) pignerat pignerator, cum accipit mutuo pecuniam; sed pigneratur, qui dat mutuo, acceptā re oppigneratā. Tu si quid oppignerasti (vel oppignorasti), repignera, ut pigneratio (pignoratio) solvatur.

Pigritia, v. Piget.

PILA, globus fartus, quō datatim ludunt pililudii lusione pilari; pilulas dat deglutiendas medicus.

PILA, lignum rotunde cavatum, in quo pinsuntur pultes pilō (-um) ruido. Pugnat pilō, i. e. iaculo maiore praepilato miles pilanus. Dicitur pilum integra talis cohors, quam praecedunt antepilani; regit autem primipîlus (primipilaris) centurio.

PILA fulcit parietem a latere; pila firmat pontem pilatim structum, ut ingruentes pilatim undae, et glacies frangantur. Expilatores expilant (compilant) domos, suppilantes quicquid possunt; adversus quos oppilamus meatus omnes.

PILEOS, et varia impilia facit pileo. Incedere pileatum libertatis fuit signum olim; pilento (curru tecto, q. e. pileato, -um) vehuntur delicati.

Pilum, v. Pila, 2.

PILUS, tegumentum cutis in animantibus pilosis; quorum multa nascuntur depilia, postea pilant; pelles autem depilantur. Capillos (capitis pilos) tegunt mulieres, capillari (sc. reticulo); viri quidam non satis capillati, ementiuntur capillitium facticio capillamento. Quaedam herbae capillantur, h. e. folia capillācea nanciscuntur.

PINCERNA, pocillator.

Pinea, v. Pinus.

Pingere, figuram coloribus effingere. Pictor gnarus picturae pingit varias picturas. Quicquid enim vult depingit, et pigmentis a pigmentario paratis expingit, appingens insuper varia ornamenta. Sed mulier pigmentō pigmentata turpis est, tametsi sic perpicta sibi placeat.

PINGUES (succo altili abundantes) plerumque etiam sunt pinguiarii (pinguia amantes), oblectanturque pinguedine. Praepingue corpus hebetat mentem; pinguescant igitur, et ventrem pinguefaciant (impinguent, s. a. v.) qui hebescere volunt.

PINNA est in ala avis penna durior, quā volat; pinna in pisce remigium, quō natat; pinna (seu pinnaculum), fastigium praealti muri. Hinc aves pinnatas, pisces pinnigeros.

PINSIT (in pila contundit) pinsor frumentum pistillō in pistrino pistrinali apparatu. Sed ex frumento pisto (piso) pistor format panes in pistrina, super tabulam pistoriam, ut eos secundum artem pisturae pinsat in furno.

PINUS (-ūs, et -i, seu pinea) et pinaster, mirae altitudinis pinus, proferunt nuces pineas. Ingredere pinetum, videbis.

PIPER (-is, n., arbuscula) dat piper (fructum) unde piperati cibi, et piperatum libum. Fungum succi lactei sed amarulenti, vocant piperitem.

PIPIO (-onis, m., pullus avis) pipit (pi, pi, clamat). Gallina suos pipiones ductans pipat. Passer pipilat. Nos ipsi differimus pipulō (-um), qui nos laeserunt.

PIRATA (-ae, m., praedo marinus), conductus ab archipirata, volitans navibus piraticis facit piraticam.

PIRUS (-i, f.) fert pira, unde conficunt (vinum) piraceum.

PISCIS (pisciculus) natat in flumine piscoso (pisculento) aut piscina, ubi eos piscantur piscatores retibus piscatoriis; vendunt autem piscarii in piscaria (foro piscario) et emunt qui carne piscinā delectantur. Tu expiscari stude artes bonas.

Pistillum, Pistor, Pisus, v. Pinsere.

PISUM, legumen.

PITISSARE, identidem gustando bibere.

PITUITA, humor albus et crudus in corpore, quō abundant pituitosi; pituita gallinarum morbus.

PIUS (placidus, benignus; in specie, Deum colens) agit piê, quia pietas placet pientissimo Deo. Si quod piaculum commisit, expiat culpam iusto piaculo; nempe piaculari paenitentiā, sine qua peccatum est inexpiabile. At impius semper magis se impiat impietate suā.

PIX, resina igne colliquata, dum eliquatur in picaria, aut dum picantur vasa, exhalat fumum piceum, facitque manus piceatas.

Placare, v. Placere.

PLACENTAS pinsit placentarius.

PLACETNE, ut pergamus? Placitum est semel, displicere non debet. Utinam complaceat omnibus nobis, sequi beneplacita Dei! Homo placidus agit placidê; atque si quem offendit, placat iterum. Implacidus autem, qui nullo etiam placamine ad placabilitatem permovetur, habebit implacabilem quoque Deum.

PLĀGAS, percussiones multas, natesque plagosas habebit, cui contigit plagosus magister.

PLÁGAS (priore brevi) mundi, caeli regiones describit cosmographus. Plagas (i. e. retia maiora) tendit circa silvas venator. In plagulas dividitur scapus papyri. Plagas (vel plagulas) circumdant lecto.

PLAGIUM commitit plagiarius.

Plagula, v. Plága, 2.

PLANCAE, sunt tabulae planae, saepes e tabulis facta. Homo plancus (pedibus planis).

PLANETAE (errantes stellae) habent suum planetarium cursum.

PLANGUNT (h. e. incutiendo plagas pectori lamentantur) miserabili plangore (seu planctu), qui tragicum obitum suorum deplangunt.

PLANTAS (stirpes humō crescentes) plantat plantator in plantario; arbusculasque plantarias inde rursum explantat et transplantat in hortum, ne pecora deplantent ramos; aliquando et supplantat vites arboribus. At planta pedis est cui insistimus. Luctator supplantat colluctatorem, ut cadat.

PLANUS campus habet planitiem. Arcularius complanat asseres planulā. Sermo planus explanat mentem loquentis planê.

PLATEA, vicus in urbe latior.

PLAUDERE (antique Plodere) manibus, ob res plausibiles excitat plausum, ut alii quoque manus complodendo applaudant. Sed quibus res displicet, supplodunt pedem, et explodunt rem applausu indignam. Displodit bombardam miles.

PLAUSTRUM (currum onerarium) regit plaustrarius.

PLEBS (plebecula, ignobilior populi pars) utitur sermone plebeio; plebicola (plebi favens) defendit plebiscita (h. e. a plebe decreta).

PLECTIT virgo plectilem corollam, plexamque cum implexis et perplexis flosculis imponit capiti. Magistratus plectit capite maleficum. Fidicen plectit chordas plectrō. Quem complectimur amore, eum amplectimur manibus, h. e. amplexamur amplexu suavi. Complexio corporis, varios complectitur humores. Sophista dum perplexê et sermone perplexo loquitur, perplexatur.

PLEIADES (-um, pl. f.), stellarum cumulus.

PLEGMA (-atis, n.), crines in radios divisi et invicem implexi.

PLENUM vas habere vis? Imple. Si semiplenum vides, exple. Si quid deperiit, reple, h. e. supple novis supplementis. Si opplevisti nimium, deple. Ita plenitudo erit plenê. Avarus inexplebilis est, nullis complementis completur.

Plerique, plerumque, v. Plus.

Plex, v. Plica.

PLICAS facit sartor, cum plicat pannum plicatilem decenti plicaturā, ut vestis possit complicari, rursumque displicari et replicari. Hedera applicat se arbori; quam non tantum circumplicat undique, sed implicat se corticibus eius, ut vix explicari queat.

'''Composita cum Plex, plicis.'''

Vestis simplex sine plica est; animi simplicitas sine dolo; simpliciter agere tutissimum. Quotuplex est modus rerum? Multiplex; multipliciter enim idem potest fieri, et multiplicari. Quaedam sunt duplicia, et fiunt dupliciter, possuntque duplicari (seu conduplicari). Aliud rursum est triplex, quadruplex, quintu-, sextu-, septem-, octu-, novem-, decemplex (vel decuplex), centuplex, millecuplex. Complex facinoris, implicat se iisdem poenis, nisi factus supplex petat condonationem supplicii, sive coram supplicando, sive per libellum supplicem. Publica supplicatio sunt publicae preces, quibus ecclesia explicat suas necessitates Deo.

Plodere, v. Plaudere.

PLORANT (plenā voce flent) pueri ploratu miserabili, cum obitum parentum complorant et deplorant. Explorator explorat hostem.

PLUIT, cum aqua de caelo cadit guttatim. Crebra pluvia facit annum pluviosum, ubi aquae pluviae (seu pluviales, et pluviatiles) inundant campos. Vis non compluere in via exspecta dum depluat; aut fuge sub tectum quod non perpluit, sive sit compluviatum sive displuviatum (hoc est, utrinque devexum). Impluvium est area in domo aperta, quō imber impluit; compluvium fossa, in quam aqua pluvialis confluit.

PLUMA est penna in ave minor, et mollior; e quibus plumarius facit cristas plumeas, aliaque plumatilia. Aves ipsae nascuntur implumes, postea plumescunt, tum sunt plumosae; columbi quidam quoque plumipedes. Vis habere avem deplumem? Depluma.

PLUMBUM (metallum nigricans mollissimum) erutum e fodina plumbosa ad efficiendum vasa plumbea; sed plumbago (cinis e plumbo) habet usum in medicina.

PLUS sciunt plures, quam unus; plurimi plurimum, pluries id audivi plurifariam. Dicimus plurali numero: plerique ignorant optima, plerumque. NB. -plus, appositum adnomini numerali, &quot;toties plus&quot; significat, ut: Quotuplus? Simplus, sesquiplus (seu sescuplus), duplus, triplus, quadruplus, etc.

PLUTEUS (et -um), repositorium librorum ad legendum vel cantandum.

POCULUM administrat regi pocillator.

PODAGRA affligit podagricum (vel podagrosum).

PODEX, pars animalis posterior, quā venter exinanitur.

PODIUM, pars aedificii extra parietem.

POENA sequitur peccatum, h. e. poenale factum. At si quem paenitet (poenitet) facti, et paenitudine dat signum paenitentiae, non debet dare poenas. Sed impaenitens debet puniri, neque relinqui impunis (seu impunitus), ne impunitas augeat peccata.

POETA aut poetria, dum iuxta artem poeseos fingit ingeniosa poemata, et exornat poetico stilo, dicitur poetari.

POL, aedepol, formula iurandi gentilis.

Polenta, v. Pollen.

POLIRE, est aspera levigare; ut polio polit impolitos enses, rubiginosos autem repolit diligenti politurā usque ad polimen (i. e. nitorem). Tu quaeres depolire (et expolire, perpolire) ingenium tuum, ut politulus sis.

POLITIA est civile regimen; quod viri politici administrant iuxta leges politicae.

POLLEN (et pollis, -inis, m.), farinae flos, quem in arca pollinaria colligit pollintor; sed pro coquenda cervisia polentam facit polentarius.

POLLERE, est viribus valere; quomodo pollex in manu praepollet ceteris digitis pollentiā; nec enim illi aequipollet ullus crassitudine pollicari, ideo nec aequipollentiā virium.

Pollex, v. Pollere.

Polliceri, v. Licet.

POLLINCERE (et pollincire) solet cadaver pollinctor, ne foeteat.

Pollubrum, v. Luere.

Pomeria, v. Murus.

POMPAS (ceremonias sollemnes) amant pomposi (vel pompales, pompatici).

POMUM, omnis fructus molli cortice, ex quibus antiqui parabant pomarium (vinum ex pomis); ideoque plantabant pomaria, et in illis pomosas arbores, seu pomos varias, ad colligendum poma pomifero autumno.

PONDO (n., indeclinabile) non ubique idem est. Dupondium duplo plus est quam assipondium; centumpondium (vel centupondium) est onus ponderosum, centum pondo ponderans. Si addes aequipondio superpondium, praeponderabit.

PONE, idem quod Post.

PONIT primum templi lapidem positor, prout loci positus (positio, positura) requirit; reliquos illi superponunt caementarii, et supponunt aedificio, sibi autem invicem apponunt et imponunt aut interponunt et circumponunt, et sic muros componunt; disponendo omnia appositê, et anteponendo vel postponendo alia aliis, et male posita deponendo, aliterque transponendo aut opponendo et inutilia seponendo, donec tota compositura parata sit, et incompositum appareat nihil.

Vis deponere pecuniam, aut aliud depositum, quaere tibi fidum depositarium; ne incidas in impostorem, qui tibi imponat imposturā suā, aut reddat aliquid levius suppositicium. Tu ipse moribus esto compositis, praepone te nemini (seu postpone tibi neminem). Propone tibi ad agendum optima, et dispone prudenter. Librum perlectum repone in repositorium. Si quid loqueris, expone verbis claris. Si quos vides opponere se sibi, et rixari de propositionibus oppositis, interpone te, et compone lites, si potes; hoc tibi semper sit propositum.

PONS transitur curru; ponticulus pedibus; traiectus pontone.

PONTIFEX, summus sacerdos Romae, indutus veste pontificali (vel pontificiali), vi pontificii iuris, fungitur pontificatu.

POPINA, locus ubi esculenta publicê parantur et venduntur; cui adsuetus popino, deliciasque popinales semper apud popinarium (popinatorem) quaerens popinatur.

POPLES (-itis, m.), pars genu posterior.

POPULUS alba (-i, f.), arbor, et populus nigra crescunt in populeto; ligna populea (et populna et populnea) mollia sunt.

POPULUS (-i, m., dimin. popellus), multitudo hominum sociata, amat mores populares, et cum popularibus conversari populariter, etiam valde populosa natio. Specta populatim, videbis istam popularitatem ubique. Hostilis populus cum ingruit non parcit: populatur et depopulatur (perpopulatur) omnia.

PORCA, cava sulci stria.

PORCOS, porcas, porculos, totumque genus porcinum, pascit porcarius in campo, saginat porculator domi, venundat porcinarius in foro.

PORRIGE manum (i. e. extende) erga illum, cui aliquid porrigis (i. e. extensā manu das) exporrectā fronte.

PORRIGO (-inis, f.), furfures in capite.

PORRO, continuatis nota.

PORRUM (et porrus), allii genus minutum; porracea folia.

PORTA civitatis est, quā onera portantur; sed portus est aqua profundior ad portuosam civitatem, unde portitor vehit merces ad litus, petens ab apportantibus eas portorium. Tum eas exportant e navibus, et important tabernis, undecumque comportatas. Quae si non venduntur, asportantur denuo, et deportantur ac transportantur aliō; aliae vero reportantur vendibiliores. Porticus mercatorum sita esto in loco opportuno, non in angiportu, aut loco importuno, ubi hominum importunorum importunitas molesta esse possit.

Portendere, Portentum, v. Tendere.

PORTIO est assignata alicui pars, dividenda iuxta proportionem rerum.

Porticus, et Portus, v. Porta.

PORI (meatus) sunt multi in porosa cute.

POS (seu potis) sum eius rei quam possum. Potior, validior, preastantior, nobis est ille, quem eligimus potius; potissimus, qui potissimum placet. Potiri re desideratā non semper potest, qui compos mentis est; impos rationis vix umquam, etiamsi potestatem habeat. Dum potentes potenter de potentatu inter se contendunt, impotentior solet deici. Accidit tamen contrarium quandoque, quia omnipotenti Deo per omnipotentiam suam possibile est operari impossibilia nobis.

POSCA, aquatum in torculari vinum.

POSCIMUS opem, seu precibus seu vi, cum indigemus; deposcimus (exposcimus) autem, cum differtur; aut etiam plus apposcimus, nostra vero reposcimus. Si quis nobis nostrum negat, postulamus eum iudicio, aut expostulamus cum eo de iniuria.

POST alium venisti? Sedebis post; qui postea erit adhuc posterior; qui postremo, erit postremus. Quid futurum sit postero die (seu postridie) et inposterum, et quae sit futura condicio nostrorum posterorum, totiusque posteritatis, quis novit? Postquam (et posteaquam) nemini datur videre sua postica. Mundus tamen agit praeposterê, qui non recogitat sua postuma. Domus etiam habeat posticum.

Posthumus, v. Humus.

Posticus, v. Post.

POSTIS, m., ianuae latus.

Postlimium, v. Limen.

Postulare, v. Poscere.

Potestas, Potiri, Potius, v. Pos.

POTU carere nullum animal potest, habetque naturalem potionem aquam; sed homines excogitant varia potulenta, quae dum potant immodicê reddunt se potulentos. At potatores amant compotare, circumpotare, totosque dies perpotare; ubi vasa potoria epotando fiunt poti; postridie tamen redeunt ad repotia, cum praestaret potionare pauperes.

PRAE (i. e. ante) aliis esse doctus vis? Aut praedives? Praeter alios diligentius disce, nihil tamen praeterquam bonum.

PRAEBE praebenda cui debentur. Milites aut clerici raro acquiescunt praebendis suis, praebentque se strenuos erga praebitores suos.

Praeceps, v. Caput.

Praeceptum et Praecipere, v. Capere.

Praecise, v. Caedere.

Praeclaudere, v. Claudere.

PRAECO promulgat iussa magistratūs publico praeconiō, adiungens aliquando praeconia rei.

Praecox, v. Coquere.

PRAEDAM quaerunt bestiae; praedam praedones, cum homines praedantur et depraedantur, etiam praedatoriis manibus; ut bonis praedaticis (praedaticiis) ditescant.

Praedestinare, v. Stinare.

Praeditus, v. Dare.

PRAEDIUM, est villa cum agris et hortis, quam possidet praediator, secundum ius praediatorium.

Praefectus, v. Facere.

Praefiscini, v. Fascinum.

PRAEFICA, mulier lamentis (super mortuum) praefecta, ritu gentili.

PRAEGNANS animal (foetum ferens) cavet sibi a noxiis tempore praegnationis.

PRAEMIUM, victoris merces.

PRAEPES (-etis), cito volans.

Praeputium, v. Putare.

Praeruptus, v. Rumpere.

PRAES (-dis) cum compraede suo publicê fideiubent pro re pecuniaria.

Praesens, v. Esse.

Praesaepe, v. Saepire.

Praesertim, v. Serere.

Praeses et Praesidium, v. Sedere.

Praestega, v. Stega.

Praestigiae, v. Stringere.

Praesto, v. Stare.

Praeter, v. Prae.

Praeteritus, v. Ire.

PRAETOR (summus iudicii praeses) exercet praeturam in praetorio, instructus auctoritate praetoriā (praetoriciā), quam interdum committit propraetori; stipatus milite praetoriano.

PRANDIUM est cibus meridianus, ubi prandent compransores pransoriā hilaritate. Pransi redeant ad labores; impransi ieiunent.

PRATUM, ager gramineus, unde fenum pratense colligitur.

PRAVI mores depravant rem publicam, nisi pravitas emendetur maturê, ut servetur iuventus indepravata.

PRECAMUR Deum precibus piis et obtinemus bona precario. Hominibus apprecamur bona, gratulabundi; aut imprecamur mala, indignabundi; vel deprecamur iram. Et quicquid aliquis comprecatur nobis, idem reprecamur illi.

PREHENDERE (et prendere), manu extensa captare. Dic ergo: Prendimus (seu prehendimus) manu, quod prensari patitur. Comprehendimus mente, quod non est incomprehensibile. Quem deprehendimus in malo facto, apprehendimus illico, aut reprehendimus verbis. Tu si esse vis irreprehensibilis, sic vive ut sis indeprehensibilis.

Prelum, v. mox Premere.

PREMIT (freq. Pressat) vinitor uvas prelo (instrumento pressorio) violento pressu appresso, et exprimit uvorem in suppositum vas pressorium. Sed impressor imprimit arte impressoriā libros, formā pressā vel laxā, aliquando suppresso nomine. At mentibus nostris expressê impressum est, ne quem deprimamus, aut opprimamus iniustê. Oppressorem tamen reprimere, aut etiam comprimere, immo opprimere, lex non vetat.

Prendo, v. Prehendo.

Pridem et Primus, v. Prior.

Pridie, v. Dies.

Princeps, v. Capere.

PRETIUM (vel precium) magnum habet res pretiosa, praesertim lapides pretiosi. Abundatia tamen rerum res depretiat, immo et manupretia.

PRIOR antecedit posteriorem, primus omnes. Primates, tenentes primatum, occupant locum primarium; primores dentes, et primani milites, et primitiva vocabula, imprimis observanda sunt, apprimê. Quod fuit prisco tempore, praeteriit iam pridem; prîstina sunt nupera, non ita pridem facta. Quam pridem primitiae coeptae sunt offerri Deo? Mox primitus: quamprimum maturescunt, priusquam incipit messis.

PRIVARE neminem debes re suā; praesertim si privatus (sine publico munere) vivis, res tuas age privatê (et privatim).

PRIVIGNUS et privigna, sunt filius et filia mariti, vel maritae.

Privilegium, v. Lex.

PRO, est nota finis, medii, modi, seu mensurae, sic: Quod emisti pro me, solve pro me; pro ratione pretii, prout inter te et vendentem convenit.

PRO!, v. Proh!

PROBRUM, crimen turpe, aut infamia turpis. Dic ergo: Si vacas probrō, opprobrium non erit tibi probrō; ille potius fiet probrosus, qui tibi falsā exprobratione opprobraverit.

PROBUS es (alienus a crimine)? Probê age. Probitatis est omnia probare; improbê facta numquam probare, approbam mentem semper factis probare. Si quid audis probabile, vel improbabile, ne illico improba tamquam improbum, aut reproba tamquam reprobum; sed probatum demum approba, utque alii simul comprobent cura.

PROCERES (-um, plurale tantum), trabes e pariete prominentes; eminentes in civitate vel regno viri.

PROCERA arbor valde procrevit; estque conspicua proceritate sua.

PROCUL veniens, non est procul nobis, sed qui abiit procul.

Proculcare, v. Calcare.

Procumbere, v. Cubare.

PROCUS modestê procat dari sibi sponsam in matrimonum; sed nimis procax molestus est suā procacitate, praesertim si amor non est reciprocus, et non reciprocatur.

PRODIGIUM, portentum ominosum; loco quorum nobis saepe narrantur prodigiosa mendacia.

Prodigus, v. Agere.

Prodire, v. Ire.

Proditor, v. Dare.

Profecto, v. Facere.

Professor, v. Fateri.

Proficisci, v. Facere.

PROELIUM (praelium) est, dum exercitus commissi die proeliali (proeliari) proeliantur.

PROH! Proh dolor.

Prohibere, v. Habere.

Proles, proletarius, v. Olescere.

Prolicere, v. Lacere.

Prolixus, v. Laxus.

Promere et promptus, v. Emere.

Promulgare, v. Vulgare.

Promulsis, v. Mulsum in Mel.

PRONUS ad meridiem locus, inclinatus est; pronum animal, deorsum flexum.

Propago, v. Pangere.

PROPE terram quidem est luna; propior certe longê quam sol; nec tamen tam propinqua, ut vulgus putat. Quippe, quae tum cum proxima est, in illa ipsa propinquitate (proximitate) plusquam 40 milia milliarium abest; tametsi prope spectata videatur prope (seu propemodum) tangi posse, praesertim cum appropinquat occasui. Te proximis proximare caritas iubet.

PROPERARE (celeriter ire). Si opus est, appropera properê; sed non nimis praeproperê, ne nimia properatio res perdat, et tu merearis improperium, h. e. probrum.

PROPHETAE et prophetides (seu prophetissae) afflati spiritu prophetico prophetissant; sed prophetias interpretatur eventus.

PROPINAT haustum qui offert, propinatione amicā.

Propinquus, v. Prope.

Propositum, v. Ponere.

PROPITIUM (clementer faventem) vis habere Deum? Propitia illum precibus tibi, in propitiatorio.

PROPRIA proprietas hominis est, malle esse proprietarium, quam possessorem alieni.

PROPTER quam causam irasceris? Propterea quod negligens es; quapropter (seu propterea) emenda. Quot habes annos? Praeter propter viginti. Cave imitari eos, qui praeter propter vivunt.

PRORA, pars navis anterior; proreta rector eius.

PRORSUS (seu prosus) sermo, incedit prorsus (vel prorsum); ligatus prorsum rursum saltat.

PROSAPIA, longa progenies.

Prosilire, v. Salire.

PROSPER (seu prosperus) est, cui res eveniunt prosperê, h. e. pro spe et voto; nempe quem Deus prosperat, seu prosperitate beat. Improspero cedunt omnia improsperê.

Prostibulum, Prostituere, v. Statuere.

PROTERVUS (petulans) agit protervê (proterviter), mereturque suā proterviā castigationem.

Protinus, v. Tenus.

Protritus, v. Terere.

PROVINCIA (regio certa, pars regni) regitur a provincialibus, provinciatim positis.

Proximus, v. Prope.

PRUDENS (in omnia providens) agit prudenter, habetque laudem prudentiae; imprudens se et omnia intricat imprudentiā suā.

PRUINA (congelatus ros) cadit pruinosā nocte.

PRUNA, candens carbo.

PRUNUS, arbor, fert pruna, fructum. Videre vis? Ito in prunetum. Prunellus ferens austera pruna inter vepreta est.

PRURIT (ardet libidine scabendi) molesto pruritu pruriginosa cutis; prurigo in vitia, afficit animos.

PSALLE psalmos, tu psaltes e psalterio.

PSITTACUS avis ore psittacino ut humano loquitur.

-PTE, adiectio est, significans aliquid fieri per se, non per aliud. Ut: Ego meāpte voluntate, tuāpte causa, haec facio; ille suopte ingenio fingit, etc.

PTISANA, contusum frumentum; ptisarius.

PUBES (-is, f.) tria significat: (1.) inguen, (2.) primos adolescentiae pilos, (3.) multitudinem iuvenum. Sic: Cum circa pubem erumpit pubes, tunc adolescens pubescit, et fit ex impubi (seu impubere) puber, habens annos pubertatis, cui nudari pubetenus turpe est. Apud Romanos omnis pubes ad arma exercebatur; senes nullibi repubescunt.

PUBLICA negotia (quorum usus communis est, non privatus) non semper expedit esse publica, hoc est, fieri publicitus, etiamsi profutura publicê; publicantur tamen suo tempore. Publicani, qui publicō vectigali fruuntur certō pretiō, quaerunt sua commoda.

PUDET hominem pudicum loqui aliquid pudendum; patrare autem impudica prorsus dispudet. Immo quia pudibundus est, cum alios videt agere impudenter, pudicitia sua mox illum pudefacit, seu pudore suffundit. Ímpudens (vel impudicus) contra, quia semel depuduit, tantā impudentiā est, ut numquam pudefiat. Sed tu eiusmodi propudia fuge; deque rebus propudiosis etiam loqui te suppudeat.

PUERI (homines ab infantia ad pubertatem tendentes) puerilia tractant, lusitantes pueriliter; praesertim pueruli (vel puelli, et puelluli). Habent et puerae (puellae) suas puellares lusiones. Sed o quam saepe adhaeret viris, non pueritia (puerilis aetas) sed puerilitas (pueriles mores)! Ita est: Infantes puerascunt, senes repuerascunt.

Puerpera, v. Parere.

Pugil, v. Pugnus.

Pugio, v. Pungere.

PUGNARUM plenus est mundus; quia omnia contraria pugnant contra se pugnaciter. Miles pugnax impugnat hostem, vel oppugnat munitionem, donec expugnet, si non est inexpugnabilis. Sed oppugnati resistentes oppugnationi, et depugnantes pro salute sua, repugnant, locumque suum e propugnaculis propugnant.

PUGNUS est volae digitorumque complicatio; pugillo comprehendimus quicquid est pugillare; ut pugillares, dum illis inscribimus aliquid. Pugiles olim pugillabant; postea pugilatus armorum coepit.

PULCHER (pulchellus) pulchrê placet, ob pulchritudinem.

PULEX est pediculus ater, salax.

PULLUS, dicitur parvus foetus animalium; ut pullus equinus, pullus asininus pullus gallinaceus, pullus hirundinus, pulli apum. Tempore pullationis ex pullescente ovo, quod animari incipit, fit pullicenus, novus pullus; tum pullaster, pullus adolescens, quorum agmen dicitur pullities. Ex dentibus pullinis, primum provenientibus, agnoscitur aetas equi. Pulli arborum sunt novi ramusculi, qui a radice pullulant, cum arbor pullulascit, aut repullulascit.

PULLUS, -a, -um, colore obscuro; pullatus, veste tali lugubriter indutus; pulligo, color pullus.

Pulmentum, v. Puls.

PULMO, est respirationis follis; quō laborant pulmonarii. Pira pulmonea, pulmoni similia, sapida sunt.

PULPA (portio carnosa in animali et fructu) dat bonum pulpamentum.

PULPITUM, locus editior, oratoris statio.

PULS (dimin. pulticula) est pulsatum et contusum frumentum; unde pulmentum coquitur in olla pulmentaria.

Pulsare et Pulsus, v. Pellere.

PULVIS in via facit iter pulverulentum, quia pulverat; pulvisculus, seu medicina pulverea, assumitur in potione. Pulvînar est in lecto, pulvînus (pulvinulus, pulvillus) in horto; cuius glebae dum occatione dispulverantur, dicitur pulveratio. Pulvere nitrato utuntur bombardarii.

PUMEX est lapis spongiosus, quō pumicamus cutem in balneo. Pumicosa terra, foraminosa. Oculi pumicei, duri ad lacrimandum.

PUMILUS (et pumilius, et pumilio), staturā perexiguus.

PUNGUNT se pugione pugiles, dum vulnerare volunt punctim. Orthographus adhibet punctionem, dum interpungit sermonem puncturis certis; puta punctis, aut incisuris. Creditor expungit nomen debitoris, aut si plura sunt dispungit. Hilaris ioculator compunctus scommate, repungit.

PUNICEUS color, purpurā dilutior.

Punire, v. Poena.

PUPPIS, pars navis posterior.

PUPUS est parvus puer; pupillus, patre orbatus; pupillaria bona curat tutor. Pupae ludunt cum pupis. Pupilla oculi recipit in se imagines rerum.

Purgare, v. Purus.

PURPURA (murex) in mari est; purpurā (h. e. sanguine illius) tinguntur panni purpureo colore in officina purpuraria. Sed plerique purpurati superbiunt suā purpurā (veste purpureā). Feminae purpurissant se purpurissō (h. e. pigmento facticio), ut videantur purpurare.

PURUM est a sordibus liberum, servans puritatem suam purê (puriter); purificatum autem ab impuritate liberatum. Ergo quod impurum est, purgandum est, et depurgandum (expurgandum), et quoties opus repurgandum, prorsusque perpurgandum, reiectis purgamentis. Aegrotat tibi venter? Utere purgatione.

PUS (h. e. putris sanguineus humor) exprimitur ex ulcere purulento, postquam suppuravit.

PUSIO, parvus puer; pusilla res, quaecumque parva.

PUSTULA (et pusula), tuberculum purulentum. Vesica cutis ab adustione.

PUTARE, duplex verbum: (1.) plantam a superfluis virgultis purgare, (2.) opinari, sperare.

'''Derivata et Composita I.'''

Putator putat arbores tempore putationis, falce putatoriā, amputans et exputans inutilia putamina; ut arbor interputata crescat felicius. Sed Iudae in circumcisione opputant praeputium.

'''Derivata et Composita II.'''

Logicus putat se non falli: puta quando rationes suas reputando sic vel sic deputat. Multo minus arithmeticus, cum numeros supputat (vel computat). Disputator disputans de re disputabili, nihil irrationabile imputet aliis.

PUTET (male olet) palus putida; habet et ingratum putorem putorius animal.

PUTEUS est fons profundus, aquas non fundens foras; quem fodit putearius propter aquam putealem (seu puteanam).

PUTRET, seu putridum est, quicquid corrumpitur putredine, h. e. nimiā humiditate. Qui ergo vult putrescere vivus, utatur putrefaciente nimio potu; hîc illi imputrescet, simulque intestina vivo exputrescent, tandem ipse totus computrescet.

PUTUM (et purum putum) metallum, purissimê excoctum.

PYXIS (dimin. pyxidicula), vasculum tornatile operculatum.

== Q ==

Qua, v. Qui.

Quadamtenus, v. Tenus.

Quadra, v. Quattuor.

Quadriga, v. Iugum.

Quae, v. Qui.

QUAERIS scientiam? Quaerita eam in libris, et quaere ex magistro, quid hoc aut illud sit; sed diligenter quaeso te. Ut ergo acquiras sapientiam, conquire tibi bonos libros, et disquire (perquire) omnia; exquire exquisitō studiō optimā; inquire in dubia, et si quid oblitus es, require; haec sunt requisita veri profectūs. Si quaestio est de quaestu, quomodo acquirantur opes, artes quaestuariae docebunt. Mercatura est quaestuosā, sed et quaestores publici, et quaestorii scribae facile ditescunt e quaestura, si quaestuarii sunt. Quaesitor inquirit in maleficos. Conquisitor conquirit milites, etc.

Quaeso, Quaestus etc. v. sub Quaerere.

QUALIS (cui similis) sit interna rei qualitas et qualiter operetur internê, cognoscitur qualitercumque (qualiterqualiter) ex figura externa, qualiscumque illa sit.

QUALUS (et qualum), corbis vimineus, varii usus; diminutê quasillus (et quasillum).

QUAM pulchrum est, scire plus quam vulgus! Et intelligere quam plurima. Quamobrem tu disce plurima. Quamquam (quanquam) enim id esse molestum putant ignavi, perquam tamen iucundum est; tam certo id crede, quam vivis.

-QUAM, adiectio, ut: Potestne esse quisquam, cui placeat quidquam, quod vidit numquam nec de illo audivit umquam? Nonnumquam forte. Sed potestne reperiri usquam, quod nusquam est? Nequaquam: nequicquam id quaeres.

Quamvis, v. Vis.

QUANDO agendum est leve quid, agatur quandocumque. Sed venit aliquando (seu quandoque) arduum negotium; et tum observa, ecquando commodê agi possit; ut nequando paeniteat, siquando male succedat; quandoquidem omnia suo tempore fiunt optimê.

QUANTUS mons? Quantulus (vel quantillus) pulvisculus? Res ista quantum valet? Quanti venditur? Quantō maior fuerit, tantō pluris (carius). Quantisper durat? Quantitas rei cognoscitur mensurando quantālibet mensurā. Sed quantaquanta est, aliquanta est; quam reddere maiorem aliquantō poteris, si aliquantulum anniteris.

QUARE? Qua de re, seu causa?

Quartus etc. v. Quattuor.

QUASI, veluti, circiter.

Quasillus, v. Qualus.

Quassare, v. sub Quatere.

QUATIT arborem (h. e. violenter commovet, et agitat) qui vult decidere fructum; aut eum decutit pérticā; nuces vero quassat ut excutiat nucleum. Fulmen cadens de nubibus concutit terram, et incutit hominibus pavorem, res autem quas ferit discutit aut conquassat. Fluctus marini percutiunt scopulos, et repercutiuntur, a scopulis. Equus succussator succutit (succussat) sessorem.

QUATTUOR bis bini sunt; quater quaterni, sedecim; quaternio, charta plicata in folia quattuor; quaternarius numerus, ex bis bino compositus. Quartus dies quartanae febris est; non tantum quarto (vel quartum) redeunti, sed toties quoties. Quartarius est quarta pars mensurae. Quadrum (et quadratum) est quicquid habet quattuor angulos; ut quadra, id est discus cibarius quadratus, et cista quadraria. Quadrans, quarta cuiusque rei pars; quadrans geometricus, quarta pars circuli divisa mensuris suis. Quadrantal, mensura liquidorum, amphora. Puer quadrinorum annorum, dicitur quadrimus, qui non semper manet in quadrimatu, sed fit quandoque quadragenarius, h. e. quadraginta annorum, quadragies transiens diem natalem. Sed decies quadragesimum, h. e. quadringentesimum, hodie nemo attingit. Quis enim quadringenarium vidit? Qui quadringenos (vel quadricenos) vixisset annos? Esse quadrimanum vel quadripedem, non quadrat humanae naturae.

QUE, coniunctio.

QUE, adiectio, significans omnia. Ut: Quis? Quisque. Ubi? Ubique, etc. Dic ergo: Quisque (vel unusquisque) nostrum exspectet mortem ubique, quia venire potest undique occasione quāque; quandoque insperato, subito quoque.

QUERCUS (-i, et -ūs, f.), arbor ferens quernas (et querneas) glandes, querceasque (vel quercicas) frondes. Quercetum non ubique reperies.

QUERI de iniuria, et dolorem iustum testari querelis (vel querimoniis, vel questibus) licitum est; sed quidam nimis queruli (queribundi) nimium apud se queritantur (vel quiritantur), et apud alios conqueruntur, talibusque conquestionibus (conquestibus, quiritationibus) produnt impatientiam.

QUERQUEDULA, ex anatum genere minima.

Questus, v. Queri.

QUI, quae, quod, pronomina relativa. Qui vult sapere, discat id quod bonum est. Sed quî (quomodo)? Et quocum? (Seu quicum?) Et quā (sc. viā)? Quā (sc. parte, quatenus) docere aliquid possunt omnia, quāquā ibis, et quāquāversus, disce.

QUIA, ideo quod.

Quicquam, v. quidquam, in Quam, adiectio.

QUID, interrogat de re. Quid video? Quid libri (cum genitivo)? Quidquid (quicquid) est, pulchrum est. Quid si inspiciam?

Quidam et quiddam, v. -dam.

Quidnam, quidpiam, quidquam, v. -nam, -piam, -quam.

QUIDEM, et equidem, particula discretiva. Quandoquidem et siquidem, quoniam.

QUIES, cessatio a motu; sive quiescimus ante opus, sive interquiescimus in opere, sive requiescimus post opus; et acquiescimus (conquiescimus) in re bene gesta. Homo quietus agit omnia quietê; inquies (seu inquietus, et irrequietus) inquietat se et alios. Ager requietus, cui per annum dedimus requiem (vel quietem), feracior est.

QUILIBET, quivis.

Quimus, v. Quinque.

QUIN, qui non, ut non, cur non. Ut: Non possum facere quin te rogem, quin et urgeam, ut dicas cur irascaris: quin dicis? Quinimmo (quinpotius) tace.

QUINQUE, sunt tria et duo; quincunx, quinque unciae; sed res dispositae per quincuncem habent figuram crucis, ubi res quinae habent quintam in sui medio (⁙), etiam saepius quam quinquies: ⁙ ⁙ ⁙ ⁙ ⁙. Quintani sunt milites legionis quintae. Quintilis mensis a martio quintus. Quima puella, facta quinquagenaria superavit quinquaginta aestates, et inchoavit annum quinquagies, iamque attigit quinquagesimum; quod in hoc sexu vix uni e quingentis contingit.

QUIPPE, reddit praecedentis causam.

QUIRE, idem quod posse; nequire, non posse.

Quiritari, v. Queri.

QUIRRITARE, vox porci.

QUIS, quaerit de persona, ut: Quis debet discere? Quisquis vult non esse truncus.

QUISQUILIAE, rerum reiectamenta.

QUŌ, adverbium ad locum. Quō ibimus? Estne ire quoquam opus? Prodeamus deambulatum quopiam. Ergo quoquo (quocumque) ibimus, tantundem erit; ire quōquōversum non possumus.

QUŌ, coniunctio. Ut Terentius: &quot;Non id eō feci, quō tibi molestus essem&quot;. Quominus, ut ne.

QUOD, pronomen, v. Qui, quae, quod.

QUOD, coniunctio, causam reddens. Quod si, condicionem ponit aliam.

Quondam, v. -dam.

QUONIAM, causam reddit.

Quoque, v. -que, adiectio.

Quorsum, v. Versus.

QUOT, interrogativum numerale. Quot sunt res? Numera eas. Si non vis singulas, attende quotenae incedant, et quoties redeant. Ita quotquot fuerint, deprehendes multiplicando, quotiescumque opus erit. Sed quotus sit, aut quotumus, videbis si a primo numerare incipias. Quotuscumque autem quis ordine sit, non refert, si bonus est. At hoc quotusquisque curat?

Quum, v. Cum.

== R ==

RABIES, furor caninus; quō correptus canis fit rabidus (seu rabiosus); quem rabidê imitatur rabiosulā linguā clamosus rabula.

RACEMUS, acinus uvae, aut uva minor; sed et panicum racematis paniculis est, omnisque fructus racematim crescens racemosus dicitur. Vindemiam sequitur racematio, ubi pauperes racemantur.

RADERE est superficiem duram scalpendo deterere; quomodo lignum Guaiacum, ob duritiem insecabile, radulā tantum rasile raditur, ut ramenta adhibeantur medicinae. Rusticus corradit fenum rastro. Gentes pleraeque rasitant capita, sed rasurā dissimili; dum incedunt alii rasi, alii semirasi; alii circumradunt verticem, alii praeradunt; alii et barbam abradunt (deradunt). Aliquos tamen irrasos esse delectat.

RADIUS, aliquid virgae instar protensum. Ut splendor lucis promicans; rotae brachia; mensorum frumenti hostorium; stilus commonstrantium litteras; dens pectinis apud textores. Imprimis radiosus est sol, qui proiciens radios super aliquid levigatum, et irradians illud, facit ut ipsum quoque radiet; usque adeo, ut radiatio illa praestringat oculos.

RADIX, imum plantae, quā bibit alimentum. Nulla enim planta caret radice; quaedam valde radicosae sunt, et radicantur (radicescunt) profunde. Vis aliquam eradicare? Evelle radicitus, si bene radicata est; alioqui repullulant etiam parvae radiculae. Radicula (i. e. raphanus) cibus et condimentum est. Viviradix est plantula cum radice terrae inserta.

RAEDA (rheda), currus vehendis hominibus, quem regit raedarius.

RAIA, piscis asperrimus, radendus.

RALLA (et rallum, et rulla), ferrum quō raditur vomer.

Ramentum, v. Radere.

RAMUS, brachium arboris; quales arbor ramosa multos habet, cum plurimis minoribus ramulis (ramusculis). Ramalia (rami ex arbore decisi) et fragmenta ramea conveniunt igni. (Ramex, et ramicosus: idem quod hernia, herniosus.)

RANA, animal amphibium coaxans; ranula (et ranunculus). Item ranula, tumor venularum sub lingua.

RANCET caro rancida, ob vetustatem putrescens; cuius rancor halat insuavem odorem; sed magis occultus cordis rancor.

RANGIFER, animal cervo simile.

RAPA (vel rapum) dat salubre obsonium; praesertim rapa passa. Rapacia (et rapicia, h. e. raparum frondes) et semen rapicium, sunt medicamentosa; potissimum si rápina (penultima brevi) sit in loco siccaneo.

RAPERE, aliquid celeriter captum auferre; quomodo raptores rapinae avidi, adsuetique rapacitati, raptim abripiunt a viatoribus, et diripiunt quicquid possunt, saepe alter alteri praeripiens. Ita lupus rapax surripit surrepticio raptu e caula oviculam; aut arripit praedam apertê in campo, eamque per terram raptans (raptitans). Ne sibi eripiatur, proripit se aliō. Torrens rapidus rapidê fert quidcumque corripit. Te autem si quis corripit ob peccatum, vide ut correptio adferat correctionem. Prophetae per raptum animi mira vident.

RAPHANUS, est rapa amara, ex qua fit raphaninum oleum. Maiore raphano contuso utimur ad carnes pro aromate.

Rápina, v. Rapa.

Rapîna, v. Rapere.

RARI capilli raro (vel rarê) sunt a natura; morbo rarescunt, aut disrarantur evulsione. Quod rarenter (rarissimê) fit, ob ipsam raritatem mirabile videtur.

Rastrum, v. Radere.

Ratio, Ratus, v. Reri.

RATIS, navigium rude, e tignis inter se nexis factum; qualibus utuntur ratiarii.

RAUCUS fit, et raucet (h. e. obtusā voce loquitur), qui ad ravim usque (seu raucedinem) clamat. Sed et a vento, nimioque pinguium esu, raucescimus (vel ravimus)

RAVUS (et ravidus), color inter flavum et caesium.

RE, signum iterationis. Ut Revenire est retro venire.

Retrorsum, v. Versus.

RECENS, demum factus; recens seu recenter.

Recessus, v. Cedere.

Recidivus, v. Cadere.

Reciprocus, v. Procari.

Recisamentum, v. Caedere.

Recrementum, v. Cernere, et Crescere.

Rectus, v. Regere.

Recuperare, v. Capere.

Recusare, v. Causa.

Reddere, v. Dare.

Redigere, v. Agere.

Redimere, v. Emere.

REDIMIRE, est redimiculo, id est fasciā, revinciendo caput ornare.

REDUVIA, abscessus circa radices unguium.

Redux, v. Ducere.

Refellere, v. Fallere.

Refert, v. Res.

Refertus, v. Farcire.

Refocillare, v. Fovere.

Refutare, v. Futis.

REGERE, est aliquid suā vi se movens in ordine continere, ne aberret. Ergo rege, bone rector, rectê omne regendum, ut rectā (sc. viā) eat ad finem. Adhibe regimen circumspectum, iuxta regulas rectas. Omnia regularia meliora irregularibus. Dirige igitur directione prudenti, ne quid aberret; si aberrat, corrige correctione debitā. Si quid collapsum est, erige ut sit erectum; tuque sis et director et corrector bonus. Arrige aures! Arrectarius pons munit portam.

REGS (contractê REX) cum regina sedentes in sua regia (sc. domo) regionum suarum centro, regnant, h. e. regali maiestate regnum regunt. Habentes regionatim rectores, velut regulos, et per remota regna proreges. Interrex tempore interregni gubernat. Via regia publica est, omnibus libera.

Regestum, v. Gerere.

Reicere, v. iacere.

Relatio, v. ferre.

Relictus, v. linquere.

RELIGIO, legis sancta observatio; tum, modus colendi Deum; tandem, conscientiae scrupulus. Dic ergo: Religio facit religiosos, sed cōgere alios ad religionem suam vi, religio est illis qui res divinas tractant religiosê. Irreligiosi sunt, in quibus nulla religiositas apparet.

Reliquus, v. Linquere.

Remex, v. Remus.

Reminisci, v. Menisci, in Mens.

REMULCUS, funis navis tractorius; unde remulcare, sic navim trahere.

REMUS est pala quā in aquam impactā remex (-igis) remigat, h. e. navem propellit. Fitque ut magnum remigium forti remigio magnas etiam biremes, triremes, quadriremes promoveat.

REN (-is, m.), viscus humorem serosum purgans; pluraliter renes.

Repagulum, v. Pangere.

REPERE, humi per ventrem e loco in locum se movere; frequentativê Reptare. Quomodo repit (reptat) serpens, et omne reptile, sive lentō, sive repente (repentinō) reptatu. Dum prorepit e cavo, et in lucem erepit aut derepit arborem, vel obrepit undecumque, et adrepit maioribus animalibus, aut subrepit illis, vel irrepit in viscera, et illa perrepit, interimit aliquando repente (derepente). Tu cave subreptare (subreptitare) alienas domos, et eas perreptare; aut quemquam ullā obreptione fallere.

REPUDIAT (repellit) aliquando sponsus sponsam, aut ipse accipit repudium, et fiunt repudiosae nuptiae.

Repulsa, v. Pellere.

Requirere, v. Quaerere.

RERI, iudicando statuere, ratiocinando colligere. Ergo si quid semel reris, aut ratus es, ratum habe; neque fac irritam ratihabitionem tuam. Si rationes tuae innixae sunt rationi, videsque rationes, cur oporteat inesse huic rei talem rationem, ostende id rationibus; non habitā ratione dissentientium. Subduc etiam rationes expensarum rationali ratiociniō; multo vero magis cum ratiocinaris ratiocinativis argumentis, ne quid irrationale (vel irrationabile) in te reperiatur.

RES, quicquid aliquid est reale, non fictum. Recte uti rebus, etiamsi parvae reculae fuerint, refert (i. e. res fert, opus est) rei familiaris, immo rei publicae, reipsā (et reāpse, revera). Ergo res mobiles, et res immobiles, cura diligenter.

Reses, v. Sedere.

Resex, v. Secare.

Residuus, v. Sedere.

Resilire, v. Salire.

RESINA, humor oleosus, e resinosis arboribus manans; ex qua confit resinaceum oleum, et resinatum vinum.

Resipere, v. Sapere.

Restibilis, v. Restare, in Stare.

RESTES, et resticulas facit restio (restiarius).

Resultare, v. Salire.

RETE venatorium, et rete piscatorium, et rete aucupium, facit retiarius; illi autem circumretiunt (vel obretiunt) et irretiunt feras, pisces, aves. Sed reticulum est in capite feminae; reticulum in ventre bovis; reticulum in manu pilā ludentis; reticulata fenestra ubivis.

Reticere, v. Tacere.

Retrimentum, v. Terere.

Retro, v. Re.

REUS (in litem adductus) non semper est reus criminis; sed quamdiu est in reatu, non absolvitur a reatu.

Rex, v. Regs.

Rhaphanus, v. Raphanus.

RHABARBARUM, radix medicamentosa.

RHETOR, qui artem rhetoricam (oratoriam) profitetur, et perorat rhetoricê.

RHYTHMUS, composita rhythmicê verba.

RICA est lineum velamentum capitis muliebre; ricinus (et ricinum, et ricinium), rica longa super corpus defluens; ut cum riciniatae feminae lugent.

RICINUS, vermiculus cuti innascens, canibus molestus.

Rictus, v. Ringi.

RIDET, qui vultu et sono laetitiam prodit; sed quidam ridibundi risores etiam ubi nihil ridiculum (risibile) et quod risum mereatur occurrit, ridendo risione suā ineptitudinem produnt. Nam qui sic cuilibet rei arridet, sapientibus non arridet. Siquid non irridicule dicitur, subridere urbanum est; qui simplices deridet (et irridet), irrisor est.

RIDICA, pedamentum vitis.

RIGAT (aquā sparsim fusā humectat) hortulanus hortum, si non irrigatur ab imbre. Pratum riguum (et irriguum) non indiget rigatione.

RIGENT nobis manus, dum ab hiemali rigore (i. e. frigore) fiunt rigidae et inflexiles. Tu esse in proximos rigidus cave.

RIMA, fissura oblongior; vas rimosum perfluit. Diligenter quaerere, veluti per omnes rimulas, rimari est.

RINGITUR canis, dum diducto rictu os torquet.

RIPA est fluminis labrum; ubi ripariae hirundines nidulantur.

RISCUS, cistula pelle contecta. Loculamentum in pariete.

RITARE, lacessere; obsoletum, sed composita: Irritare cave hominem irritabilem; irritatio (et irritamen) ad malum mala est. Proritare vero etiam ad bonum est, allicere.

RITUS gentis (mos publicê receptus) varius est; ritus sacri ut ritê peragantur, conscripti sunt rituales libri.

RIVUS est fluviolus, ex confluentibus rivatim fonticulis collectus; ex quibus corrivatis fiunt flumina; et ex his rursum quandoque aqua derivatur aliō. Pisciculus rivalis parvus est; corrivalis de eodem rivo bibit, aut eandem ambit virginem.

RIXA (velitatio verborum) est, ubi rixosi rixantur.

ROBUR (vel robor) est fortitudo corporis, quali pollet vir robustus. Sed robur arbor fert roburneas glandes, et roborea (seu robustea) ligna. Tu si vis roborascere animo, ora Deum ut te roboret (corroboret).

RODIT (dentibus impactis paulatim atterit) canis ossa, rosione stridulā, dum carnem abrodit; tum os ipsum arrodit, praerodit, circumrodit, corrodit, atque si potest erodit et perrodit.

ROGAT sapiens rogator alios clarā interrogatione, quod nescit. Rogat humilis rogator ab aliis modestā rogatione (rogatu) quod non habet. Interrogat prudens rogator in comitiis, an lex roganda (h. e. per interrogationes mutuas sancienda) sit. Ubi corrogat suffragia populi, observans praerogativam tribuum (h. e. praerogans primos primum), an videant veterem legem derogare (h. e. detrahere) publicae utilitati? Si vident, obrogat illi (h. e. obloquitur), et de illa aliquid derogat, aut abrogat totam, et subrogat (surrogat) illi novam. Si mox nequit erogitare, prorogat in aliud tempus. Pecunia pauperibus erogatur (h. e. rogantibus distribuitur); illis vero, qui sibi arrogant indebita, irrogatur poena, conveniens arrogantiae suae.

ROGUS, lignea strues ad cremandum cadaver.

ROMAE nati Romani dicebantur; Romanenses, advenae ibi habitantes.

ROS (humor absente sole in herbis collectus) decidit cum rorat; tum enim aquā rorali irroratae herbae fiunt roscidae (rorulentae), etiam rosmarinus. Cum autem minuta pluvia rorat, vocant rorationem.

ROSAS quaere in rosario (seu roseto); rosatas conservas in pharmacopaeo; rosaceas corollas apud virginem; roseam fragrantiam in omnibus his.

ROSTRUM est os valde dentatum, ut porci, et avium nasus corneus, quō rostrant arbores, aut petunt grana; pulli autem rostellis percudunt ova. Navis rostrata habuit aeneam cuspidem.

ROTAE ad instar rotatur rotundum caelum, quod exactā rotunditate rotundavit Creator. Vehiculum est unirotum, vel birotum, vel quadrirote; in omnibusque sunt rotae rotatiles, quae se in cursu circumrotant. Rotulas medicamentosas faciunt pharmacopaei.

RUBER color (sanguineus) habet gradus rubedinis. Excellentissimê rubet rubicundus rubinus. Subrubet tantum rubida rubecula avis. Vitis rubella dat vinum rubellum. Ferrum rubescit rubigine, rubiginosum vero putrescit. Sed rubiginari prohibetur, si illinas pinguedine. Rubricā utuntur pictores, rubricā fabri, ad rubefaciendum varia; sed terra rubricosa non est ferax frugum. Utinam feminae erubescant rubricetā (rubro fuco) uti! Nativus faciei rubor, et ob pudorem erubescentia, optima purpura. Rubia est herba.

RUBUS, fruticulus spinosus; sive humi repens humirubus, sive erectus rubus Ideus; rubeta, rana in rubeto vivens.

RUCTARE (vel ructari, h. e. ex eruptione stomachi sonitum per os edere) turpe est, si ructus veniunt ab intemperantia. Eructare tamen crudos illos et ructuosos spiritus, salubre.

RUDIT asinus rudi sono; cui similem rudorem edit rudens (funis asper) in navi.

RUDIS, virga impolita; qualibus pugnant gladiatorum tirones, adhuc rudes (artis), antequam admittantur ad gladium; hoc enim rudimento erudiuntur; rursumque senex athleta rude donatur, diciturque rudiarius. Ita puer litterarum rudis, ut a ruditate promoveatur ad eruditionem, eruditur in rudimentis litterariis primo, et fit eruditus. Ineruditus ineptus est, nisi ad rudiculam culinariam, vel aliud rude opus.

RUDUS (-eris, n.), rudia sunt lapidum fragmenta; quibus qui locum aliquem opplet ruderat; qui amovet tale rudetum, eruderat.

RUERE, activê et passivê significat, videlicet cum impetu invadere, et cum impetu cadere. Ut: Ruit facile ruinosa domus, et ruinā suā obruit super quod corruit. Ergo ne in quem deruat, eumque adobruat, solet dirui, aut subrui. Rutro eruimus terram; rutabulo proruimus e furno ignem, cum panis coquendus est; pilo ruido tundimus ptisanam. Hostis irruit in provinciam.

RUFUS (ruber ad flavum declinans) boletus rufulus dicitur. Vis rufescere? Oleum lentiscinum rufat capillos.

RUGA index est senii, quando cutis rugatur. Frontem per se rugosam tristis corrugat, laetus erugat.

RUGIT leo rugitu leonino.

Ruidus, v. Ruere.

Rulla, v. Ralla.

RUMAT (et usitatius Ruminat) bos cibum, quem e ruma (seu rumine, et frumine) attrahit. Agni vero subrumi sugunt rumam matris; ablactati dicuntur abrumi.

RUMOR (dimin. rumusculus) tumultuariê increbescens rei novae nuntius.

RUMPERE (violenter lacerare aut fringere) fidem datam non licet; sed homines tam corrupti sunt, ut nihil fere maneat irruptum. Quoties enim ruptor foederis, ob quemvis praetextum rupturae, amicitiam abrumpit? Quā diruptā, prorumpit is in hostilitatem, erumpit eruptione abruptā, irrumpit ad nos irruptione hostili, et perrumpit quāquā potest (nisi praerupta loca custodiantur, et interrumpantur pontes), corrumpit denique omnia, ut nihil maneat incorruptum; nisi quis vitae servandae causā erumpat. Hem tantas corruptelas nostras!

RUNCAT segetem runcator, dum herbas inutiles eruncat (evellit); sed runcatio tempestiva sit.

RUNCINĀ faber serrat truncos; runcinā deruncinat asseres; runcinā hortulanus detondet saepem vivam.

RUPEM (saxum praeruptum) scandit rupicapra.

RURSUS (et rursum), per iterationem.

RUS (ruris), rusculum locus extra urbem. Abi rus (i. e. in rus) vide quid ruri (in rure) fiat, et reversus rure (e rure) narrabis. Nempe quod ruricola (seu rusticus) rurando (rurare et rurari, seu rusticando) panem quaerat; cui non postremum instrumentum rusticationis pecora sunt. In homine rustico mores rustici (seu rusticani) non tam deformes sunt, ut rusticitas morum in studioso.

RUSCUS (et ruscum), suffrutex aculeatus.

RUSPATUR gallina, pedibus quaerens.

RUSSUS, dilutê ruber.

RUTA, herba valens contra venenum; unde fiunt rutaceae corollae, et rutatum vinum.

Rutabulum, v. Ruere.

RUTILUS, rubens ut flamma; rutilat tamen aurum quoque, et rutilati arte capilli, vel qui a se ipsis rutilescunt.

Rutrum, v. Ruere.

Rythmus, v. Rhytmus.

== S ==

SABULUM (et sabulo, -onis, arena terrae permista) videtur in loco sabuloso, maxime in sabuleto. Navis saburratur (oneratur) saburrā.

SACCHARUM, mel arundineum.

SACCOS frumenti receptacula, baiulat saccarius; sed sacculos exenterat saccularius. Bisaccium imponitur equo; sacciperium vide in mendico.

SACER, Deo devotus. Res sacrae asservantur in sacrario (-um) aut peculiari sacello, a sacellano; consecratae scilicet ad usum religiosum tempore consecrationis templi, et concreditae consecraneis personis. Sacramenta administrat sacerdos, fungens sacerdotio pietate sacerdotali. Sacrificia peragit sacrificus, sacrificans oblata Deo; si tamen fit scelerosus, desecratur. Sacrilegos ob sacrilegium exsecramur; est enim exsecrabile facinus. Milites itidem fiunt consecranei militiae, cum praestant sacramentum; sed finito bello resecrantur.

SAECULUM (seculum), tempus centum annorum, quō revoluto saeculares ludi restaurabantur apud Romanos. Nunc saeculum opponunt ecclesiae, et saeculares ecclesiasticis. Deus vivit in saecula saeculorum.

SAEPE, saepiculê (saepiusculê), persaepe, saepenumero: crebro iterando.

SAEPIMUS (circumdamus munitione) agros saeptō (-um) leviori; hortos vero circumsaepimus saepibus fabrilibus, ne facile queant dissaepiri; quin et intersaepimus eos ab invicem, ut intersaepti tutiores sint. Praesaepe obsaepitur (consaepitur) undique, ne pecora exeant; praesaepium vero tantum praesaepitur, ne fenum excidat.

SAEVUS tyrannus (inclementer agens), quia assuetus saevitiae (saevitiei, saevitati) immaniter saevit, nec facile potest desaeviendo etiam desaevire.

Saga, et Sagax, v. Sagire.

SAGENA, rete piscatorium minus, retis sinus, unde exire nequeunt pisces.

SAGINA (cibus quo animal pinguefit) convenit animalibus saginariis, ad mactandum destinatis, et saginario inclusis. Tu homo sagina mentem scientiis.

SAGIT (odoratu vestigat) canis sagax leporem naturali sagacitate; vir sagax et mens praesaga mali bonique praesagiunt futura certiore praesagio, quam esse possunt sagarum praesagitiones.

SAGITTA, telum quod eiaculatur arcu sagittarius.

SAGUM, vestis militaris quam super arma induebat sagatus miles.

SAL, condimentum condimentorum est; quem e salina effossum, aut e salsugine (vel salsilagine) excoctum, vendit salarius, annonā salariā quaestum faciens. Sal vero ipsum inditum cibis imbuit eos salsedine (salsitudine) facitque salsos. Nam insulsi sunt insipidi, praesalsi autem dum nimis saliuntur (vel salliuntur, et salluntur) ingrati. Per salituram (vel salsuram) fiunt salsamenta, quae salsamentarius vendit. Sal nitri, et sal petrae, e terra coquuntur, et ad cibos non adhibentur, nec apponuntur mensae in salino. Tu vide ut sales (i. e. iocos) intelligas, ne sis insulsus, et insulsitate tuā salsos risus aliis praebeas.

SALARIUM, condicta servitutis merces.

SALAX uritur salacitate (i. e. libidine).

SALEBRA (et salebritas) est loci asperitas, faciens salebrosam viam.

Salinum et Salire, v. Sal.

SALIRE, est celeriter moveri; ut salit aqua de fonte; salit (frequ. saltat vel saltitat) cornix incedens saltim (saltuatim); saltat homo per fossam saltu magno. Saltator vero, et saltatrix discunt saltare in ludo saltatorio, lascivā saltatione. Ubi praesul (vel praesultor) praesultat (quod praesul sacerdotum caveat), alii assultim sequuntur, aut subsultim, et exsultant. Sed mirabilior saltatus est, cum desultor ab uno desultorio equo desiliens (absiliens) insilit alteri, tam subitā insulturā, ut non textor celerius queat insultare sua insilia. Aqua prosilit (exsilit) e saliente (sc. tubo), dissilit in guttas. Sed transiliamus reliqua. Tu insultare bonos, et insultare miseris, cave: impium est.

SALIVA est humor linguae; humor ulmi arboris salivosus (i. e. spumans). Purpurae salivant colorem sanguineum.

SALICES, et saligna (vel salignea) ligna invenies in saliceto (salicto).

SALMON (-onis. m.), pretiosus piscis.

Saltare, v. Salire.

SALTEM, ad minimum.

SALTUS (-ūs), silva densa, in regione saltuosa.

SALUM, mare.

SALUS (-utis, f.) est incolumitas rerum, et votum incolumitatis. Nam cui optamus salutem, ei dicimus salutem, hoc est, salutamus illum seu coram, seu epistulā salutatoriā. Usus rerum salubrium salutarius est. Sed verê salvus est, quem salvat Deus salvator; sine illo salvere non possumus.

SAMBUCA, instrumentum musicum, quod plectro utriusque manūs pulsat sambucista vel sambucistria.

SAMBUCUS (-i, f.) dat fistulas sambuceas.

SAMIAT ferramenta samiator, cum lapide samio acuit.

SANCIT bonas leges (h. e. statuit consensu publico, per sanguinem hostiae) sapiens sanctor, ut sanctae sint (h. e. sanguine consecratae, inviolabiles). Sanctus vero est omnino purus, qui studet sanctitati (sanctitudini, sanctimoniae) et addiscens sacrosanctas sanctiones Dei, in sanctuario eius, observat sanctê, sanctificans dies sanctos, etc.

SANDALIUM, calceamentum muliebre.

SANDAPILĀ fertur mortuus ad sepulchrum, a sandapilariis.

SANGUIS suillus coctus, dat sanguiculum, h. e. ius sanguineum; ex humano progenerantur consanguinei. Sanguinaria sanguisuga facit cutem exsanguem, se ipsam vero sanguinolentam. Vulnera cruda sanguinant. Sanguificatio fit in corpore nostro quotidie, si sanum est. Sanies (pro &quot;sanguies&quot;) est in ulcere sanioso, quod exsaniari opus habet.

SANNA est despectus gestu exhibitus, quomodo sanniones subsannant alios.

SANUS (viribus integer) est, qui fruitur sanitate corporis et animi. Insanus (vesanus), cui animus laborat insaniā (vesaniā); sive sit sanabilis, sive insanabilis. Optandum sanê (profecto) est, ut quicumque insaniunt (vesaniunt), sanescant; media sanantia ergo adhibenda sunt.

SAPIT palato gratê res sapida; insipida sine sapore est. Cibus saporatus resipit condimentum suum. Sapa subsipit mustum.

SAPIT mente vir sapiens, qui omnia cogitat et agit sapienter. O lumen sapientia! O tenebrae insipientia. Insipiens enim dum desipit errat, nihilque agit recte, nisi resipiat (resipiscat), o medicina errorum resipiscentia.

SAPONEM (unguentum maculis eluendis) facit saponarius.

SAPPHIRUS gemma est; sapphirinum monile pretiosum.

SARCIT vestes sartor; resarcit sarcinator aut sarcinatrix. Viator vestes sartas con sarcinat, imponitque sarcinam iumento sarcinario. Si res suas sartas tectas transfert, gaudet; si spoliatur, resarcire damnum quaerit aliunde.

SARDA, gemma.

SARISSA, hasta praelonga.

Sarculum, et Sarmentum, v. Sarrire.

SARRACUM (sarraculum), vehiculum rude onerarium.

SARRIRE solet (runcare segetes) sarritor (vel sartor) sarriculo (contractê Sarculo, id est rastello), diligenti sarritione (sarturā). Vinitor sarmenta abscissa de sarmentosis vitibus comburit, et conficit cinerem sarmenticium.

SARTAGO (-inis, f.), carnis frixorium.

SAT (vel satis, sufficienter) habet, cui satisfacit id, quod habet. Natura enim satiabilis est, facile patitur satiari. Pravae cupiditati nihil sufficit ad satietatem. Vide insatiabilem gulonem, et auro insaturabilem (inexsaturabilem) avarum! Quam exsatiari (exsaturari) nequeant! Tu crede satius esse, consistere infra saturitatem, quam obsaturari supra necessitatem.

Satagere, v. Agere.

SATAN, et satanas (-ae, m.), satanicā malitiā nocet quā potest.

SATELLES est stipator principis, custodiae honorisque causa; quorum caterva satellitium dicitur.

Satiare, v. Satis.

Satur, v. Sat.

Satus. v. Serere.

SATRAPES (vel satrapa) praeest satrapiae suae, i. e. praefectus provinciae seu territorio suo.

SATURNUS est planeta; Saturni dies ultimus hebdomadae.

SAUCIUS miles (vulnere laesus), quem aliquis sauciavit.

SAXUM, lapis ingens. Sunt autem integri montes saxei, quibus internascuntur variae saxatiles (saxetanae) herbae. Abi ad saxeta in regionibus saxosis, videbis.

Scabellum, v. Scamnum.

SCABIT cutem (unguibus fricat) laborans scabie scabiosus; quae facta scabra, deformat corpus scabredine (scabritie) suā, in quantum scabret.

SCAENA (scena), tabernaculum frondeum, unde prodeunt qui agunt scaenam in proscaenio, ut oblectent spectatores ludis scaenicis (scaenalibus).

SCALAM admovemus arbori, quam volumus scandere. Scalae sunt in domo, immobiles; res scalari formā ubivis.

SCALMUS est ligneum retinaculum remi. Remiges sedent per interscalmia.

SCALPIT (leviter rodit aut fodit) scalptor gemmas scalprō (nominat. scalper vel scalprum) artificiosa scalpturā; scriba sibi temperat calamum scalpellō. Dentes circumscalpimus dentiscalpiō; aures emundamus auriscalpiō.

SCAMNUM, est sella longior, parieti affixa; scamnellum (scabellum) subditur pedibus.

SCANDALUM, est offendiculum pedum; scandalosa vita scandalizat pios.

SCANDIMUS arborem, si scansilis est, etiam sine scansoria machina, ascendendo vel descendendo. Navem inscendimus vel exscendimus. Montem transcendimus si inascensus non est. Sed in ascensu et descensu time lapsum, etc.

SCANDULAS (ligneas tegulas) facit scandularius pro scandulari tecto.

SCAPUS, primaria columella rei, sustinens partes reliquas. Ut in herba; in uva; in libra iugum; in scala rotunda. Scapus papyri. Scapula (os scapulare), os in dorso, humeri basis.

SCARABAEUS (vel scarabeus), insectum volatile; scarabeus cornutus.

SCARIFICAT balneator, cum scalpello cutem radit; scarificatio curat morbos subcutaneos.

SCATET (scaturit) fons aquis, ubi scatebris (scaturiginibus) scatent montes quidam scaturiginosi.

SCELUS (-eris, n.), facinus admodum pravum; qualia scelestê (sceleratê) patrare, et conscientiam scelerare (conscelerare), sceleratis (scelerosis, scelestibus) lusus est.

SCHOLAM (locum litteris docendis et discendis dicatum) ama tu, scholaris; et eris tutus a disciplina scholastica.

Scilicet, v. Licet.

SCINDERE (ferramento acuto dissecare) lignum scissile facile est, etiam iteratis scissuris conscindere; sicut et lapidem scissilem. Scissor proscindit ac perscindit cibos, portionesque abscissas distribuit. Ruricola exscindit sterilem arborem, aut rescindit luxuriantes ramos; et proscindit aratro novale, ut habeat proscissum paratum sementi. Excîdium imminet urbi, cuius cives discinduntur in discidia, et rescindunt alii aliorum sanctiones.

SCINTILLA est ignis mica. Stellae scintillant scintillatione tremulā.

SCIRE (mente tenere) scientias veras verê scitum (pulchrum) est. Quod ut possis, oportet sciscere (scitari, quaerere) omnia, et adsciscere auxilia undequaque. Inscitus sciolus quia leviter tantum sciscitatur, est insciens, tametsi inscitiam suam nesciat, ideoque saepe inscienter peccet, et a veritate desciscat, cuius inscius (inconscius) est. Quam scitulum est loqui Latine tam scitê, ut lepor videatur nativus, non adscitus (adsciticius). Magistratus sciscit plebem, an legem stabilire placeat; quam plebs suo assensu (sciens volens) sciscit, fitque plebiscitum. Qui bene sibi conscit, habet conscientiam tranquillam; at male sibi conscius, et praescius poenarum, non raro sibi conscit mortem. Nos omnes nescimus occulta, rescimus praeterita, praescimus futura. Sed vera praescientia Dei omniscientia est.

SCIRPUS (sirpus), canna enodis; e qua scirpant scirpeas tegetes, variaque scirpicula.

Sciscere, Scitus, v. Scire.

Scissura, v. Scindere.

SCIURUS, quadrupes caudam pro ala habens.

SCLOPUS, sonus inflatae et per vim efflatae buccae; bombardae sonus, et bombarda, quod usitatius Sclopetum; unde sclopetarius eiaculatur sclopetares globos.

SCOBS (-is, f. et m.) decidit, cum faber scobinā scobinat lignum, vel os.

SCOPA (usitatius Scopae), quibus scoparius scopat (verrit) domum; scopulas autem, pro everrendis vestibus, facit scopularius.

SCOPUM sibi fixum prospectat sagittarius; scopulum saxeum in scopuloso mari nauta.

SCORIA, purgamentum metalli.

SCORPIUS (et scorpio, -onis), serpens caudā venenatā.

SCORTUM (dimin. scortillum), corium crudum unde fit scortea (scorteus saccus). In specie scortum (et scrotum) pellis testium animalis masculi. At scortum mulier impura, cum qua scortatur impurus scortator.

SCREAT (cum difficili conatu et crepitu sputat) screator, etiam iterato screatu cum exscreare vult viscosam pituitam.

SCRIBIT (delineat litteras) scriba, formans scriptionem, calamo scriptorio, variā scripturā. Scriptor vero scriptitat res memorabiles, atque ut edat scripta sua, iam conscribit carmen, inscribitque patribus conscriptis, et subscripto nomine suo superscribit inscriptionem honorificam. Mox perscribit rem gestam, et circumscribit suis circumstantiis, interscribens si quid post intervenit. Nunc describit aliunde quid, aut transscribit aliō, aut ad epistulam rescribit vel alicui formulam praescribit. Cui domus est venalis, proscribit eam. Magistratus autem proscribit cives malos, adscribens rursum civitati bonos, ut sint cives adscripticii.

Scriblita, v. Striblita.

SCRINIUM, rerum pretiosarum conditorium; scriniarius.

SCROBS (m. et f.), fovea arte facta, scrobiculus.

SCROFA, porca mater.

Scrotum, v. Scortum.

SCRUPUS (scrupulus), lapillus asper, qui dum incedenti per locum scruposum (scrupulosum) incidit in calceum, urget molestê pedem, nî eximatur. Sed scrupulus animi, magis angit scrupulosam mentem; ideo nimia scrupulositas noxia est. Pondus scrupulare (minimum) exploratur scrupulō.

SCRUTA (detritae supellectilis reliquiae) vendit scrutarius in foro scrutario. Scrutator vero est, qui res abditas scrutatur; saepeque nimio scrutinio etiam inscrutabilia perscrutari tentat.

SCULPIT sculptor sculptilem imaginem (vel sculptile, sc. simulacrum), dum illam e ligno exsculpit illique insculpit varias sculpturas.

SCULPONEA (-ae), calceus ligneus.

SCURRA (sordidê facetus), scurriliter scurratur; exosus merito ob scurriles facetias et scurrilitatem indignam honestis auribus.

SCUTŌ (-um) uti (i. e. clipeo coriaceo) contra scuticam (i. e. coriaceum flagrum) ridiculum foret; sed esse scutatum contra ictus sagittarum, et qui veniunt a scutali fundae (i. e. coriaceo fundo fundae), nihil prohibet.

SCUTRA, patinae genus; diminutê Scutula (scutella).

SE, praepositio notans separationem, ut seducere, seponere, seiungere, etc.

Se, pronomen, v. Sui.

SEBUM (vel sevum) habent animalia cornigera, et sebosam medullam. Candelas sebaceas facit qui eas sebat.

SECALE, siligo vilior.

SECARE (caesim dividere) solet rem sectilem sector securi, variā sectione (secturā), fiuntque segmina (segmenta). Vietor autem e secamentis ligneis facit dolia. Lignator arborem intersecat, circumsecat, persecat, exsecat, consecat etiam, si inutilis fuerit. Cum pars inutilis praesecatur (resecatur), manent praesegmina (resegmina). Resex (resecis) est resecta vitis. Insectum, animalculum incisuris notatum. Quod neque dissecari neque insecari potest, insecabile est. Sutor subsecat superfluum corium, subsecivaque frusta abicit; sed horae subsecivae (subsicivae) apud diligentem studiosum non pereunt. Gramen desecatur seculā (falce maiore); sed siciliculā (dimin. quasi seculiculā) sicilitur pratum, ut sicilimentum addatur feno.

Seclusorium, v. Claudere.

Secretus, v. Cernere.

Secta et Sectari, v. Sequi.

Secula, v. Secare.

Secum, v. Sui.

Secundus, v. Sequi.

Securis, v. Secare.

Securus, v. Cura.

Secus, v. Sequi, et Sexus.

SED, coniunctio.

SEDAT (sedere et quiescere facit) iram facile vir sedatus, sedatê agens.

SEDERE, inferiore corporis parte quiescere; item habitare. Ubi tu sedes, est tua sedes (-is, f.) commoda, si sedile commodum; sedecula (sedicula) pro sene est. Qui habent laborem sedentarium, supponunt sibi sedularia, ne a nimia sessione doleat os sessibuli. Sessili dorso equi insternitur sella et dicitur sellarius equus, gestans sessorem (i. e. aurigam). Ássidet assessor alteri, saepe eodem biselliō (sellā duorum capace). Cōnsident vel plures in consessu. Assiduus laborans assiduo, multum proficit quotidianā assiduitate. Contra qui dêsidet tantum (desidiosus, contractê Deses, desidis) nihil agit, gravis desidiā suā, sibi et aliis. Dissidêre animis (dissentire) noxium est dissidium, insidêre sedili est licitum.

Sed insidiari homini verbis insidiosis (quod solent insidiatores) illicitum; nisi in bello, ubi struere insidias hosti, eumque circumvenire insidiosê, artis est. Óbsidet (circúmsidet) urbem obsessor, quam arctā potest obsessione (circumsessione, vel obsidione); atque si fiunt induciae, poscit ab obsessis obsides. Possessor póssidet possessiones iure possessoriō; quō destitutus, instabilem habet possessionem. Qui práesidet iudicio, praeses (-idis) est; cui datur praesidium, ut iustitia ab ipso habeat potissimum praesidium (i. e. patrocinium). In urbe intuta ab hoste, collocatur praesidium militare, seu miles praesidiarius. Reses (-idis) résidet dum alii operantur, ideo cum aliis instant feriae, illi residuus est labor. Discipuli súbsident infra cathedram, per subsellia. Subsidium militare, seu miles subsidiarius, subsidiatur periclitantibus; si supersedêre velit (auxilio), reus erit.

Sedile, v. Sedere.

Sedimentum, v. Sidere.

SEDITIONEM facile movet seditiosus populus.

SEDULUS (constanter intentus) omnia sedulo (et sedulê) agens, habet laudem sedulitatis suae.

SEGES (-etis, f.), fruges nondum demessae.

Segmen, v. Secare.

SEGNIS (lentus ad agendum) agit omnia segniter. Ne segnescas, fuge segnitiem (segnitiam).

Seiuges, v. Iugum.

Sella, v. Sedere.

Selibra (Sembella idem) v. Libra.

SEMEL, unā vice.

Semen, v. Serere.

Semestris, v. Mensis.

Semesus, v. Edere.

SEMI, nota dimidiatae rei. Usurpatur in compositis tantum, ut semiassus, semicoctus, semiclausus, semicrudus, semivivus. Semis (pro &quot;semi-as&quot;), v. As.

SEMITA (semi iter) est quā pedibis itur; ut cum vinea semitatur; dii semitales figmentum sunt.

SEMPER durat, quod sempiternum est.

Senarius, v. Sex.

SENERE (annosum esse) honorificum est senecionibus. Vis igitur feliciter senescere? Maturê fias senex (seniculus), non seniō corporis, sed ut tibi sit mens senecta. Temperantiam intellige, conservans in vigore ipsam quoque senectam (senectutem). Quidam non seniores aliis aetate, fiunt seniores officio, ob senilem prudentiam. In senatu sunt senatores, qui ordo senatorius constituitur aut e sesquisenibus (persenibus) aut saltem e semisenibus, qui in negotiis rei publicae consenuerunt, aut illis porro cupiunt insenescere. Congregati in senaculo (curiā), turbandi non sunt.

Sensus, Sententia, v. Sentire.

SENTINA, colluvies sordium in navi.

SENTIMUS (cognoscimus rem proprio contactu) sensibus nostris, res sensiles (sensibiles) praesentes, subsentimus remotas, praesentimus futuras; insensiles nec sensatus (sensu valens) nec insensatus persentiscit. Qui recte sentit de re aliqua, detegat sensum suum illis qui dissentiunt, ut sensim recogitando assentiant, suoque assensu stabiliant sententiam veram. Iudex, laturus sententiam, non opus habet oratione sententiosā, sed legibus consentaneā, in quam assessores consentiant unanimi consensu, et sic finis imponatur dissensui partium, foventium opiniones dissentaneas. Neutri tamen parti assentabitur, quia non iudicis est, sed assentatoris, assentatoriê agere.

SENTIS (arbuscula quaevis aculeis horrens, in specie rubus) et herbae sentae pungunt. Adi senticeta, h. e. senticosa loca, senties.

Seorsum, v. Versus, sub Vertere.

Separare, v. Parare.

SEPELIMUS (humamus) mortuos sepulturā honestā, quemque sepulcrō suo; erigimusque sepultis monumenta sepulcralia in ipso sepulcreto. Nemo relinquendus est insepultus.

SEPTEM numeratum decies dat septuaginta; septies vero centum septingenta. Decies septenus septuagenus (septuagesimus) est; septies vero centenus septingentesimus. Quod fit decies septies, fit septuagies, quoties aestas transiit septuagenario; septingenarius nunc nemo fit. Dies septimus claudit septimanam. Numerus septenarius sacer habetur.

SEQUERE bonum praeceptorem, sequax discipule, spontanea sequelā; cum et sectae sectator sectatur suum sectarium, licet ob id audiat sectarius. Secus (aliās) non obtinebis, ut fias secundus a praeceptore; nec tibi erunt studia secunda, nisi omnia feceris secundum praecepta. Nec Deus illa secundabit, nisi tu obsecundabis Deo. Ergo ut primanus fias, non secundanus, primaria tibi sit cura, non secundaria, secundum (secundo) dico. Obsequere magistro, et assectare (consectare) illum; prosequere illum amore, et fideli obsequio (obsequentiā, obsequela), et consequenter (subsequenter) exsequere mandata (etiam cum ad exsequias ire iubet), et non persequetur te odio, insequetur amore; aliās nihil spera nisi omnia sequiora.

SEQUESTER (-ri, m.) est iudex arbitrarius, quem partes sequuntur, et apud quem res litigiosa tantisper deponitur, in sequestro, iure sequestri (-ris, -ris, -re), donec pateat cui debeatur. Haec depositio vocatur sequestratio.

SERA ianuam obserat, clavis reserat; sive sit sera pensilis, sive sera clausilis, sive sera Laconica.

SERENAT, cum caelum est serenum, h. e. ab exhalationibus purum; disserenat cum post nubila redit serenitas, vestesque complutae serescunt (pro &quot;serenescunt&quot;).

SERERE, sevi, satum, significat: (1.) Seminare, (2.) plantare, (3.) pisces in piscinam ad fêtificandum ponere. Dic ergo:

Serit sator semen, cum obserit agrum; atque si satio fuit irrita, et satum periit, reserit; denuo conserens agros, ut habeat consitos (obsitos). Seminator prudens aggressurus sementem observat tempus sementis; cumque adest dies sementina, praeligat sibi linteum seminarium sive satorium, et instipat illi frumentum seminale (sementicum), et seminat (disseminat, disserit), ut suo tempore sementis surgat, et sementet.

Arborator vero serit arbusculas sativas in seminario, indeque postea transserit variā consiturā; iam inserens surculos aliis arboribus (quia fructus insitivi meliores), iam conserens consitione liberā, iam adserens arbores vitibus. Seminarium piscinale conserendum est bono seminio. Tu cave disseminare pravos mores, et inseminare animis, ne proseminetur impietas, quam punit Deus.

SERERE, serui, sertum (frequ. Sertare), ordinare, nectere; quomodo coronarius serit eleganti serie flores, dum serta (seu sertas corollas) et servias facit; conserens eos, et sibi invicem inserens (interserens), et connectens sertā. Qui veritatem asserit (adstruit, confirmat), aut oppressum asserit (restituit in libertatem), pius est assertor, et assertio pia. Sed qui deserit uxorem, impius est desertor, pellendus in desertum. Conserere manus, praesertim exserto gladio, bellatorum est. Disertus (verba facie ordinans) est, qui disertê de rebus disserit (dissertat); indisertus, quia nihil edisserere aptê potest, non audet se exserere apud assuetos dissertationibus doctis.

Serescere, v. Serenus, et Serum.

SERIA, vas fictile, solitum defodi.

SERICUM, bombycina lana; ex qua sericarius texit pannos sericos (vel sericeos), subsericos, holosericos, sericum florulentum, et alia. Vis videre? Specta sericatos.

Series, v. Serere.

SERIUS agit seria serio (id est sine ioco).

SERMO, serta ex verbis oratio. Vis pulchrê sermocinari? Vis fieri sermocinator? Disce artes sermocinatrices.

SERPIT serpens, dum longum serpentinum corpus sinuando sese promovet; solet proserpere e terra, et inserpere aedificiis. Infans manibus pedibusque serpens ut bipes incedere discat, utitur serperastro.

SERRA (serrula, serraculum) ferramentum est dentatum, cuius reciproco tractu serrarius ligna serrat (scindit), colligens serraginem, si opus est. Dentes serrati piscibus sunt.

Sertum, v. Serere, 2.

SERUM, lactis pars aquosa; quam a seroso lacte separa, et non serescet.

SERUS, post tempus veniens; serum, diei vesper est. Fructus serotinus sero maturescit.

SERVAT (incolumes praestat) servabiles fructus diligens servator sic, ut conservet sapidos, asservando condîtos in vasis; fugaces ad paucos dies reservantur. Homo praeservat se ipsum a morbis medicinā praeservativā, et conservis; si observet modum observatum ab aliis. Tu aeternum servatorem tuum observa summā observantiā.

Servia, v. Serere.

SERVUS (alieno dominio subiectus) et serva si serviunt liberaliter, non serviliter, inserviunt dominis suis servili (servo) suo servitiō gratê; sibi vero ipsis asserviunt, ut liberentur citius e servitute. Ubi plures conservi, ibi maius servitium.

SESQUI- (et sequialter, sesquiplex), totus cum dimidio.

Sestertius, v. tres.

SETA, pilus crassior, ut equinus. E setis setosorum porcorum parantur setacea; seta aquatica animal est.

Seu, v. Sive.

SEVERUS (seria acriter agens) utatur severitate, sed non nimis severê; et quod esse faciendum asseverat (severê edicit), in eo ipse perseveret. Sine perseverantia in bono, vana est omnis asseveratio.

Sevum, v. Sebum.

SEX plagas meretur, qui sexies peccat; sedecim, qui sedecies; sexcentas qui sexcenties. Si peccant iunctim seni, sexageni, sexcenteni (vel sexceni), omnes luant, a primo ad sextum, et inde ad sexagesimum et sexcentesimum. Senarius multiplicatus decies, dat sexagenam, quot annos habet sexagenarius. Senio sunt sex puncta in latere tali seu tesserae. Sextarius, sexta pars mensurae. Sextans, nummus. Bisextilis annus, in quo bis numerant sexto calendas Martii.

SEXUS (-ūs, m. et Secus, n. indeclinabile), differentia viri et feminae.

SI vis, disce. Sin (pro &quot;sinon&quot;), abi ad stivam.

SIBILUS (vel sibilum), sonus litterae S; quem edit serpens ore sibilō sibilans; et homo levis, dum ore acuminato sibilat, et aliquem exsibilat.

SIC (hoc modo) tibi facient alii, sicuti tu aliis; siccine?

SICA (gladiolum) sub veste gerens sicarius, insidiatur alicui.

SICCUS (non madidus) ventus siccat aerem, desiccat terram, exsiccat aquas; verbo, facit siccescere omnia. Pratum siccaneum, habens nativam siccitatem, rigandum est.

Sicilire, v. Secare.

Sicubi, v. Ubi.

SIDIT (deorsum considet) aquae turbidae sedimentum (pro &quot;sidimentum&quot;). Aedificium vero facit sedimentum cum desidit (subsidit). Amici collocuturi considunt alicubi, vel assidunt (obsidunt) focum, aut insidunt gramini.

SIDUS, stella; itemque stellarum certa configuratio, signum. Sidera splendentia in caelo sidereo, scientia sideralis considerat. Cum incidit praesideratio (h. e. anteversio hiemis vel aestatis), metuitur sideratio, ne scilicet arbores fiant sideratae, aut homines tangantur sideratione. Qualia si praevidet homo consideratus, agit consideratê. Inconsideratus turbat omnia inconsiderantiā suā. Nam si quid desiderat, temperare desideria nescit; quia quid verê desiderabile sit, non intelligit.

Sigillum, v. Signum.

Sigillatim, v. Singulus.

SIGNUM, nota rei arte indita, ut sunt signa militaria, bellum significantia, cum eriguntur a signiferis, propugnanda ab antesignanis. Res suas sibi signare prudentis est. Cum vero aliquid per epistulam significandum est, aut forte praesignificandum, convenit exsignare verbis significativis (significanter). Epistula subsignatur manu domini, obsignatur vero anulo signatoriō; aut sigillatur (et obsigillatur) sigillō maiori impressō cerae sigillari, manu signatoris. Quod signaculum et signatura facit, ut alius resignare non audeat. Admittendos ad pompam designātor designat, et nominatim consignat, et cuique locum suum sic assignat, ut insigniores, insigniti ante alios maiorum suorum insignibus, praecedant. Insigniter tamen civiles solent resignare locum suum praesignioribus.

SILET illud, quod nihil sonat; silescit (consilet), quod sonare desinit, ut fiat silentium.

SILEX, lapis durus ex quo ignis elicitur.

SILIGO, frumentum a tritico proximum, unde fit panis siligineus.

SILIQUAS, pisorum spicas, collige cum pisa siliquantur. Siliqua dulcis crescit in arbore. Est et siliqua ponderis mensura.

SILURUS, piscis.

SILVA (vel sylva, arboretum agreste) habet arbores silvestres, et mures silvaticos, et monstra silvana. Silvicolas reperies in regionibus silvosis, arbores quae silvescunt in neglectis hortis.

Simia, v. Simus.

SIMILA, seu similago (farina expurgata furfure) dat panem similagineum.

SIMILIS (qualis alter) cum suo consimili facile sociantur, propter similitudinem; dissimilia non bene cohaerent propter dissimilitudinem. Absimile unā parte potest assimilari subsimili aliā parte. Verisimile non semper est verum.

SIMUL (insimul, simili ratione iunctim, unā) erimus, simul ac veneris. Simulat quis id, quod non est; ac si esset, dissimulat quod est, ac si non esset; interdum bonā simulatione et dissimulatione, in bonum proximis. At simulator dum assimulat amicitiam, simultas (simulata amicitia) est, seu simulacrum (efficta imago) amicitiae; facile degenerans in simultatem (dissimulatum odium); facitque ut alter alterum insimulet iniquitatis.

SIMIUS (simia), quadrupes actionibus homini simile, est simus (sima), h. e. presso in medio naso. Sunt itaque simininae naturae etiam subsimi (parum simi); et qui habent labra resima (sursum flexa).

SINCERUM mel est sine cera; sincerus amicus sine fuco, quem ama sincerê ob sinceritatem.

Sinciput, v. Caput.

SINE, nota separationis.

SINERE (sivi, situm), non tangere. Sine alias scrutari, quae sunt sita (-us, -a, -um) in abstruso, aut a nobis dissita. Specta situm (-us, -ūs, i. e. positum) urbis. Et merces situ corruptas ne eme. Desine peccare; malus peccat indesinenter.

SINGULTUS (-ūs) est sonus gulae dum quis oppleto stomacho singultit (vel singultat); sed singultus plorantis a vaporante corde venit, ubi plorans loquens singultim (singultantia verba) loquitur.

SINGULI homines quisque pro se accipiunt a Deo singularia (i. e. propria) dona, non tantum singulares (seu singularii), i. e. excellentes viri; debentque illa excolere singulariter (excellenter) non solum iunctim, sed et singulatim (seu singillatim, et sigillatim).

SINISTER (-ra, -rum), ad laevam partem situs, indebitus, infaustus. Sinistro pede prius indui, avem advolare sinistra, aut avolare sinistrorsum (vel sinistrorus), sinistrā opinione vulgi habetur pro sinistro omine. Tu nihil horum interpretare sinistrê.

SINUS, et sinum, vas fictile ventrosum, sinum lactis.

SINUS (-ūs) laxitas vestis supra cingulum, ubi fovemus manum, et quicquid insinuavimus. Serpens dum serpit sinuat se. Mare habet suos sinūs; vestis sinuosa (sinuata) suas sinuationes; callidus vero orator suas insinuationes, quibus se insinuat animis.

SIPARE, res fundere. Inusitatum, sed composita haec: Si obsipas escam pullis, aut insipas frumenta sacco incautê, dissipabis; omnes enim minutiae sunt dissipabiles.

SIPARIUM, velum scaenae.

Sirpare et Sirpus, v. Scirpus.

SIS, contractum ex &quot;si vis&quot;; sultis, si vultis.

SISTERE (stiti, stitum) stare facere. Sistit se iudicio citatus, aut sistitur ab alio, cum advocato, qui ei assistat. In itinere sistimus pedem, si causae exsistunt cur subsistamus. Et cum constitimus, deliberamus, an sit persistendum in proposito, vel desistendum (absistendum). Si est insistendum proposito, vide ut impedimenta quae resistunt (aut obsistunt) et circumsistunt amoveas.

SITIS (bibere appetis)? Bibe ut sitim exstinguas, i. e. modicê, etiamsi sitibundus sis ut siticulosa terra, ne tamen arripe situlam.

Situs, v. Sinere.

SIVE hoc, sive illud (seu, seu), indifferentiae est.

Soboles, v. Olescere.

Sobrinus, v. Soror.

Sobrius, v. Ebrius.

SOCCUS (socculus), calceus laneus, aut aliās mollis.

SOCER (-eri) est pater uxoris meae, socrus (-ūs) mater. Prosocer et prosocrus, avus eius et avia. Consoceri sunt, quorum liberi coniugio iuncti sunt.

SOCIUM (adiutorem in labore) quaeris? Socia (vel associa) tibi eum, sincerê colat societatem, habeatisque res sociales bonas et malas communes; socialitas requirit paritatem. Quando insociabiles consociantur, necessario rursum dissociantur.

Socors, v. Cor.

Socrus, v. Socer.

SODALIS est in rebus levioribus ad edendum vel ludendum, ubi integra sodalitas (sodalicium) magis oblectat.

SODES, quaeso (&quot;si audes&quot;).

SOL, fulgentissimum sidus, designat radiis suis solaribus horas in solario (sc. horologio), collustratque solarium, h. e. locum ubi insolator insolat (i. e. candidat) linteamina. Cursu vero suo adducit saepe solanos (subsolanos) ventos, et bis anno solstitium cum solstitiali aestu summā aestate, et gelu, imā hieme. Dies Solis inchoat hebdomadam.

SOLARI (et consolari) maestos (i. e. levando tranquillare) pium est, si non desint solatori (et consolatori) solacia, nempe verba solatoria, et vis consolationis. Sed aliquando est dolor inconsolabilis, cui nullum solamen afferri potest.

SOLEMUS (in more habemus) approbare res solitas, quae fiunt uti solet (assolet); hominem vero insolentem, qui affectat res insolitas insolenter (cum insolentia) ridemus.

SOLIDA saxa (plena sui) faciunt ad soliditatem aedificii, si ponantur solidê. Vulnus solidatum (et consolidatum) emplastro, solidescit cicatrice.

Solicitus, v. Sollicitus.

Solitarius, v. Solus.

SOLIUM, sella regia.

SOLLEMNIS (vel solennis) actio, fit semel anno, aut sape, et quidem sollemniter (h. e. cum ceremoniarum apparatu) magnā sollemnitate.

Sollers, v. Ars.

SOLLICITUS (inquietus curis) agit omnia sollicite; sollicitas illum aliquid (requiris)? Mox ei affere sollicitudinem.

SOLUM, quicquid substernitur alteri rei ut fundamentum. In specie terra, omnium rerum sustentaculum. Planta pedis, cui insistimus. Planta calcei, quae usitatius solea. Equo adaptantur soleae ferreae.

SOLUS (sine alio) est, qui unus solum est; solitarius, qui amat solitudinem; solivagus vagatur solitariê. Hostis desolans urbem, reddit desolatam.

SOLVERE nodum solubilem, facilis est solutio; insolubilem (indissolubilem) dissolvere nemo potest. Tu autem debitor solve debitum; utque sit solutum, persolve totum; atque si plura sunt, dissolve omnia. Si quid emisti, exsolve pretium, ne resolvatur emptio. Et dum incipis opus, absolve absolutê. Cum reus absolvitur a reatu, quam grata illi est absolutio! Dissoluta vestis dehonestat, sed magis dissoluta vita.

SOMNUS (sensuum quies) facit somnium, cum somnioso obvenit imaginatio sine re; quamquam eiusmodi insomnia veniant deliris per insomniam quoque, qui insomnes aut semisomnes somniant. Senectutem aiunt esse somniculosam (somnolentam).

SONS, nocens; insons innocens. Illum damnare prohibet sontica causa (vel morbus), id est, gravis.

SONUM suavem dat cithara, cum insonat; sonore magis sonorō circumsonat aures tuba, cum personat. Musici variō sonitu sibi assonant, quando consonant iucundā consonantiā; aut dissonant absonā dissonantiā. Resonabilis echo resonat voce eādem. Insonum neque consonum est, neque dissonum neque resonum. Tu vero cave, ne quid sit in tua mente absonum.

SOPIT nutrix (consopit, i. e. somno tradit) infantem cantu; aegrum (quem sopor destituit) medicus soporat medicinis soporiferis.

SORBEMUS liquorem, cum admotum ori attractu spiritūs in nos sugimus; sive sit sorbitio medicamentosa, sive sorbile ovum; quod absorbere unā vice, ingluviosum est; exsorbere (persorbere) sensim, civile; minutis sorbitiunculis sorbillare, delicatum. Sed canis quod evomuit resorbet, phui!

SORBUS arbor fert sorba, minusculis piris simillima; sorbus silvestris dat avibus baccas rubras.

SORDES (purgamenta foeda) et omnia sordida non tantum sordent, sed contactu sordidant. Homo autem sordidus, avarus, facile aliis sordescit.

SOREX (-icis, m.), mus campestris maior.

SOROR mea (iisdem parentibus nata) vinculo sororiō mihi obligatur; cuius maritus mihi dicitur sororius; liberi vero eius liberis meis sobrini, alterius meae sororis consobrini.

SORS, signum quō res inter nos partiendo arbitrium resignamus Deo; quomodo sortiri hereditatem inter consortes (exclusis a consortio exsortibus), ut sua cuique portio sortito obveniat, alicubi mos est; ut et subsortiri (sorte substituere) iudices. At per sortilegia divinare, quod sortilegi faciunt, prohibuit Deus; sicut et fenus accipere supra sortem. Tu acquiesce tuā sorte (statu, conditione).

SOSPES (incolumis conservatus) redit domum, quem sospitavit sospitalis providentia Dei.

SPARGERE, diffusius proicere, sive arida, sive liquida. Ut: Spargimus semina in hortis, non exspergendo inutiliter, aut dispergendo sparsim, sed sparsione ordinatā per pulvinos; superspersō prius fimō, et insperso. Tum si humus aret, spargimus aquam aspergillō aliquō, aspergendo (respergendo) et perspergendo quam crebrā aspersione opus est.

SPARTUM, iunci genus, ex quo (in Hispania) fiunt spartei funes.

SPATHA (gladio longiore et latiore) utuntur milites; spathā ligneā ad subigendam massam pistores; spathulā ad agitandum cocta in ollis coqui.

SPATIUM est extensio loci. In Horto spatioso amoenê spatiari possunt spatiatores, et hinc exspatiari aliō.

SPECERE, obsoletum, sed derivata et composita eius plurima sunt in usu. Attende! Species rei visae, imago eius est; sed species rerum (h. e. differentiae) sunt variae! Quaedam pulcherrimā specie. Quas omnes scire speciatim, cum suis specialibus proprietatibus, dat scientiam; res autem speciosas spectare, dat spectatori oblectationem, praesertim in spectaculis publicis, ubi res spectabiles (spectandae) exhibentur. Chirurgus spectatus, probatus, spectat, probat, vulneris profunditatem speciō (specillō, instrumentum est ferreum), datque specimen (spectamen) artis suae curando vulnus. Habes speculum? Speculare faciem tuam. Habes visum debilem? Utere specillo (conspicillo, et conspicilio) e vitro speculari confecto. Sed speculator prospeculatur hostem e specula, vel nave speculatoriā; aut prodit speculatum hostilia castra, ut coram speculetur quod ad rem spectat. Atque tum spectatur (cognoscitur) quam sit callidus, si possit cum opus est ut spectrum fieri inconspicuus.

'''Composita.'''

Aspicimus rem semel, aspectamus saepe, diligenti aspectu. Vir circumspectus circumspectat rem undique cum circumspicientia. Quod non possumus conspicere (vel conspicari) reddimus conspicuum conspectui nostro, adhibitis conspicillis (conspiciliis). Despicere (despicari, et despectare) terram potes, quia infra te est; despicari hominem non debes, quia tibi aequalis est; aut te superba aliorum despicientia (despicatio, despectatio) reddet aliis despicatum (despectum), erisque despectui. Despice igitur et cave. Si amicum exspectas, exspecta gratā exspectatione; quamquam inexspectata saepe gratiora.

Inspector mercium inspicit (inspectat) res venales diligenti inspectatione; aliquando et introspicit. Perspicit homo perspicax perspicaciā suā omnia perspicua perspicuê; immo saepe transpicit imperspicua, quae aliis nihil perspicuitatis habere videntur.

Sapiens prospicit futura prospicienter; et ut sibi alii quoque prospiciant, monet. Prospectanti e turri, amplus prospectus patet in campos. Respicimus id quod a tergo est; respectamus quem respectu (propter respectum) virtutis veneramur.

Suspectando caelum, suspicimus (miramur) eius altitudinem, quam imperiti suspicantur longe minorem esse quam est, habentque suspectos astronomos. Sed praestaret alibi esse suspiciosos (suspicaces), hîc suspicio non habet locum.

Spectrum, Speculum, v. Specere.

SPECUS, et spelaeum, et spelunca, cavitas terrae, vel petrae.

SPELTA, recentiores appellant id quod olim ador.

SPES (futuri boni exspectatio, dimin. specula) sperat sperabilia; exspes (qui amisit spem) desperat omnia tristi desperatione. Insperata bona magnum dant gaudium.

SPERNET (contemnet) Deus spretorem mandatorum suorum; et qui aspernantur proximos superbê.

SPHAERA caelestis (globus) habet sphaeralem rotunditatem, dividiturque per aspectum terrae (quae et ipsa sphaerica est) in duo hemisphaeria.

SPICA, caput frumenti, quod ut sementet spicat. Reliquiae in campo spiceae dant spicilegium.

SPICULUM, cuspis hastae aut teli; spiculum, telum ipsum spiculatum quod gestat spiculator (satelles).

SPINA, aculeus plantarum quarundam, vulnerans; ut spini (pruni silvestris) ferentis spineolos in spineto, h. e. spineo dumeto. Item spinae sunt difficultates in spinosis quaestionibus. In spina dorsi est spinalis medulla. Spina piscis est mollior osse pecorino.

SPIRA, rotundê flexuosa figura ex contorto fune; quomodo se conspirant angues. Et spiras facit (h. e. spirales placentulas) pistor. Et spira ornat pileum.

SPIRAT homo, dum per spiracula (spiramina) narium spiritum (i. e. aerem) inspirat et exspirat, donec et (animam) exspiret. Quamquam respiratio non competit animae, utpote spiritui naturaeque spiritali (spirituali). Cum lenis aura adspirat, facilior est respiratus; difficilior, cum venti conspirant. Religiosi crebro suspirant; suspiria crebra sunt morbō suspiriosis ab impedito suspiratu. Qui adspirant ad illicita, saepe inter se conspirant conspiratione scelestā, quam sic luunt, ut respirare desinant.

SPISSUM (partibus densê compactum) fiet unguentum, spissescetque ad quam voles spissitatem (spissitudinem), si admisces idoneum spissamentum, quō conspissetur.

SPITHAMA, spatium inter pollicem et medium digitum extensos; spithamaeum ergo est, quod tam longum est.

SPLENE (L. liene) laborans splenicus est, curaturque medicinis spleneticis.

SPLENDET noctu splendida luna splendidê; atque si nubes obtexit splendorem eius, rursum exsplendescens splendidius resplendet.

SPOLIUM, est bonum aliis ereptum; qualibus inhians spoliator erumpit e spoliario suo, et viatores spolians, despoliat (et dispoliat) vestitu, exspoliatque vitā.

SPONDA, coassatio lecti.

SPONDERE (sponte promittere) ne propera, neque spondere pro alio; sequitur sponsionem obligatio, cuius vi, si tu sponsor non praestiteris sponsum (quod spopondisti), vocaberis in ius, etiamsi in aliena causa consponsor (responsor) fueris. Sponsa despondetur sponso; qui sic desponsi (desponsati) celebrant sponsalia mutuo responsu, nempe ubi alter spondet, alter respondet. Tu ad interrogata responde placidê; morosus responsat impatienter, si quid non respondet eius voluntati. In studiis ne desponde animum: respondebit profectus diligentiae, facio sponsionem.

SPONGIA marina, et spongiosus pulmo, et spongiola fungus, fistulosi sunt.

SPONS, idem quod voluntas, aut libertas. Si tuae spontis es, fac bona sponte, ut pietas tua sit spontanea.

Sponsio, Sponsus, v. Spondere.

Sponte, v. Spons.

SPORTA (sportula), vas vimineum.

SPUERE (salivam eicere) naturale est; sputare sanguinem, morbosum. Et caveat sputator, ne sputō quod exspuit conspuat alios. Despuere omen malum, superstitiosum est; inspuere in faciem alicui, probrosum; respuere (repudiare) oblatum donum, incivile.

SPUMA, est congeries bullarum minimarum; quomodo omnis humor spumat (spumescit) concussus, maximê tamen spumosus, h. e. pinguior. Carnes coctae exspumant sordes; quas coquus despumat, et spumeas istas reliquias abicit.

SPURCAE res sunt immundae; de quibus loqui sine spurcitia non possumus. Immo etiam cogitare spurcê spurcat (conspurcat) animum. Cave!

SPURIUS incerto patre nascitur, spuria (-us, -um) proles.

SQUALOR, concretus in cute sudor; quali squalet diu captivus, totus squalidus.

SQUAMAS detrahere pisci, est desquamare piscem; sed serpentes etiam sunt squamei (squamosi); strobili vero squamatim compacti.

SQUILLA, cancellus parvus.

ST! Nota silentii.

STABILE nihil est in mundo stabilitate firmā, quocumque stabilimine (stabilimento) id stabilias.

STABULUM (pecorum locum stationalem) curat stabularius, providens illis de stabulatione ubi commodê stabulent. Sed et viatores ubi stabulentur quaerunt. In aula regis est magister stabuli.

STADIUM, via 125 passuum. Et locus ubi certatim decurritur.

STAGNUM est stans aqua; sive a stagnante propria scaturigine, sive a superstagnante (restagnante) fluvio.

STAMEN apud textorem, fila recta; in herbis sunt filamenta.

STANNUM, plumbum album, ex quo stannea vasa fundit stannarius.

STAPES (-edis, et stapeda), ubi stat pes equitis.

STARE, esse corpore erecto et immoto. Tu vero sta! Ut loquamur de statu rerum, quae possunt exprimi verbis sub hac radice exstantibus. Cum duo stant iuxta se, apparet statim an sint eiusdem staturae; non item, si diversā statione. Miles habet stationem suam in excubiis; in stativis integer exercitus; cuius pars in praesidio, dicitur miles stationarius. Naves ante portum stantes, sunt in statione. Tempore stato (certo) sunt stativa festa. Planeta quandoque est stationalis (statarius).

Stator adstat praetori, ostendens ipso statu (statione) promptitudinem ad ministeria. Abstare a sacris non decet antistitem vel antistitam, qui antestant sacerdotibus, nisi id requirat circumstantia aliqua. Sed cur ego tibi loquar de institore aut sua institoria taberna? Vel de restibili agro, vel quomodo quidam superstando essedis vehantur celerrime, aliisve distantibus rebus?

Tu mihi adstas proximê, et praestas (antestas) aliis. Praestat ut tibi praestem hoc officium, et doceam qualem te praestare debeas, cum tibi instat negotium, et instat aliqua instans necessitas, ut negotio instites instanter. Ante omnia vide quantum distes a scopo, et quantum sit inter te et rem illam interstitium; et quae circumstent difficultates, aut obstent impedimenta; et ex quibus rebus constent illa obstacula, et an sint praesto media superandi. Si sunt, ut nihil restet, ne restita; si nondum, resta et praestolare, dum exstent. Si iam constant (simul stant) et omnino constant (i. e. non moventur), et constat tibi, quanti constat unum quodque, consta tibi, et esto constans constanter.

Constantia virtus est. Inconstans nihil praestabile praestabit umquam, praesto tibi, iuvenis praestantissime. Praestantia tua et substantia in eo est, ut substes immotus et perstes in bono. Ut sis diu superstes aut tibi superstitent liberi tui, non opus superstitione aut superstitiosis ritibus: Deum ora, ut vos superstitet.

Statim, Statio, v. Stare.

Statua, v. Statuere.

STATUERE, ut aliquid stet facere; quomodo statuit statuam statuarius, statutamque statumine firmo statuminat, prouti mente statuit (constituit). Qui instituit (proponit) instituere (et constituere) scholam, firmet eam bonis institutis, h. e. legum statutis (-um); bonosque institutores, qui iuventutem recte instituant, illi praestituat, ut nemo destituatur bonis occasionibus. Si quid in bonis institutis fuerit luxatum, restituatur, aut aliud melius substituatur. Prostibulum autem (femina quae prostituit pudicitiam) in bene constituta re publica ne toleretur.

Statumen, Statuta, v. Statuere.

STAURARE, idem fere quod Struere, sed inusitatum, nisi quod collapsum aedificium instaurare (et restaurare) dicitur peritus instaurator (restaurator).

STELLAE (corpora caelestia luminosa) apparentes in caelo stellato, certis constellationibus, faciunt noctem stellantem, praesertim stellae fixae; stellae erraticae quinque tantum sunt; stellae caudatae raro apparent; stellae cadentes fiunt in aere; stellio est lacertula picturata stellulis.

STERCUS (excrementum animalium) et sordes stercoreae etiam sunt ad aliquid; dum collectas e stercorosis plateis, et sterquiliniis, avehimus stercorariis plaustris, et stercoramus agros; quā stercoratione illi pinguescunt.

STERILIS (infecunda) frugum est arena; sed tollit sterilitatem stercoratio. Capra sterilescit pinguedine.

STERNERE (stravi, stratum) est aliquid proiectum expandere. Quomodo lectisterniator sternit lectum, dum substernit stratum, insternit linteamina, supersternitque stragula (vel stragulas). Strator sternit stramen equo, equum vero insternit instragulis (seu instratis, -um); qui si sternax est, sternit equitem, vix dignus pabulo stramineo (stramenticio) aut stramento desecto, donec desinat ferocire. Strator viarum sternit (et consternit) viam straturā lapideā. Victor prosternit hostem strage magnā. Sed sutor superinsternit calceo obstragulum.

STERNUERE (sternutare, h. e. vapores e cerebro per nares eructare) si quis nequit, et opus est sternutatione, movetur sternutamentum medicinā sternutatoriā.

STERNUM, os pectoris, cordis munimen. Improvisa mala consternant nos, aut exsternant. Ista vero quid differunt? Exsternatus fugit, consternatus riget.

Sterquilinium, v. Stercus.

STERTIT, qui cum strepitu dormit; destertit tamen etiam stertor letalis.

STIGARE, fodicando pungere, inusitatum. Unde stigma, signum punctione, vel ustione, impressum. Qui instigant ad malum, notandi sunt stigmate, ut caveantur stigmatici (stigmosi), mali instigatores.

STILLAS (guttas cadentes) quis numeret, cum nubes stillat pluviam? Sed et stillatio stillicidiorum innumera est. Catarrhus destillans ex capite, et instillans in pectus, aut exstillans oculis, molestus est. At destillator (vel distillator) destillat igne per destillatoria vasa stillatas (stillaticias) aquas varii usūs.

STILUS (vel stylus), instrumentum quō scribebatur in tabellis ceratis; scriptio ipsa; structura sermonis; stilus ligatus.

STIMULUS, est cuspidatus fustis, quō arator stimulat boves, ut ad pergendum exstimulet. Tu impios stimulatores, qui ad vitia perstimulant, fuge.

STINARE, inusitatum, sed composita: Vir sapiens non tantum destinat, sed et praedestinat, quid agere velit destinato tempore, sed praedestinationem quandoque tegit. Quantō occultior erit praedestinatio sapientissimi Dei? Pavesce, nec te adversus Deum obstina: poena exspectat obstinatos propter obstinatiam.

STINGUERE, inusitatum, sed composita: Distingue rem a re, accuratā distinctione, ut distinctê videas, quid quaeque sit; indistincta confundunt. Exstinguere incendium laudabile est, debeturque exstinctori praemium. Sitis inexstinguibilis (in quibusdam morbis) exstinguit vitam, nisi restinguatur maturê. Tu Deum ora, ut te regat instinctu suo, et servet a scelerum instinctore satana.

STIPANT (densê componunt) apes ceras melle; stipant (obturant) austera poma linguam, sapore stiptico (vel styptico); stipant (densê circumdant) regem stipatores, ut incedat stipatus, aliquando et magnā turbā circumstipatus. Constipatio alvi molesta est. Cui humor aliquis obstipavit tendinem colli, obstipo (inflexo) capite est.

STIPES, -itis, m., inferior pars arboris, ramos sustinens; idem quod sudes, homo stupidus.

STIPES (-is, et stips, stipis, f.), pecunia eroganda militibus, aut mendicis. Stipendium vocatur, cum datur stipendiario militi collecta e rebus stipendiariis (vectigalibus). Stipendiosus dicitur veteranus, qui non amplius stipendiatur, h. e. meret, et tamen accipit stipendium.

STIPULA, calamus frugum, in specie remanens post messem in campo. Quid autem est stipulari? Stipulariā quādam ceremoniā contractum instituere. Rusticus enim olim sumpta in manum stipulā stipulabatur, h. e. promitti sibi postulabat; alter vero manu stipulatā restipulabatur, h. e. aliud exigebat, donec stipulatio esset rata, aliquo adstipulante, h. e. attestante.

STIRIA, stilla glacie concreta.

STIRPS, excrescens radice terrā, potest stirpitus exstirpari, etiam quae videtur radicem habere inexstirpabilem. Ita vidimus magnas familiarum stirpes passas exstirpationem.

STIVA, manubrium aratri.

STOLA, toga honestae matronae, talaris.

STOLO (superflua in arbore pullulatio) praeter necessitatem germinat; stolidus praeter rationem stolidê agens, ostendit stoliditatem.

STOMACHUS (os ventriculi, et ipse ventriculus) cui dolet, est stomachicus, curandus stomachicis medicinis. At stomachosus animus, ob quidvis se commovens (saepe sine causa), stomachatur.

STOREA, textura e stramento.

Strages, Stragulum, Stramen, v. Sternere.

STRANGULAT hominem, qui fauces constringendo necat; quae mors strangulatio (strangulatus) dicitur.

STRENA, donarium novi anni.

STRENUUS agit strenuê, instrenuus piger est. Decet autem strenuitas imprimis nobiles viros.

STRÉPERE, sonum confusum edere. Vis audire strepitum? Ingredere cauponam rusticorum, audies omnia perstrépere et circumstrépere; dum alter alteri adstrepit, et mox obstrepit, aliisque interstrepit, omnes denique constrepunt. Non aliter strepitant omnes obstréperae actiones vulgi in auribus sapientis.

Stria, v. Striga.

Strictus, v. Stringere.

STRIBLITA (vel Scriblita), placenta torta.

STRIDET (vel stridit) plaustrum stridulum non unctum, stridore aures asperante.

STRIGAS (scissuras in longum) facit arator sulcans agrum, aliquando iumentis strigosis. Strias (i. e. extrito g) videbis in columnis striatis, quae solent striari ornatūs causā.

STRIGILIS, pecten fricatorius, quō strigillamus equos; tametsi soleant obstrigillare.

STRINGIT, qui aliquid arctê comprimens trahit. Ut cum strictor fructuum, manu stringit frondem, moxque subito stringit; fit enim, ut folia destringantur, maneantque in manu destrigmenta (vel strigmenta). Miles stringit gladium, strictoque dimicat. Stricturae sunt lamellulae de ferro cuso elabentes. Abstringit se ligula? Adstringe iterum. Si se denuo distringit, constringe fortius. Sed amicum obstringe officiis, ut habeas tibi obstrictum. Praestigiator praestigiis suis, praestigiosisque artibus suis, quibus praestringit oculos, dignus est quem carnifex praestringat virgis, aut restringat ad patibulum strictê.

STRIX, avis nocturna; mulier venefica.

STROBILUS, nux abiegna, turbinata.

STROPHIUM olim dicebatur corolla, quas facit strophiarius; nobis strophium (strophiolum) est linteolum manuale.

STRUERE (ordinatim componere) lignorum struem, aut exstruere structilem saepem, non magna structura est. Sed construere arces, et circumstruere illis muros, et adstruere turres, et praestruere propugnacula, et obstruere flumina molibus, substruere denique fundamenta, quibus superstruere quidvis liceat, neque quidquam structum opus sit destrui, artis est; quā instruit artifex artificem, bonā instructione. Structor ciborum, cum mensa instructa est ferculis, dividit cibos instrumentis suis. Musica instrumenta suaviter sonant.

STRUMAM habens (tumorem sub gutture), strumosus (strumaticus) est.

STRUTHIO (et struthiocamelus), avium maxima.

STUDERE (curam dare) debet virtutibus, qui studet artes, ut studium litterarum sit coniunctum studio virtutum. Tu, studiose, age omnia studiosê.

STULTUS (insipiens) agit res stultas stultê, stultitiam prodens stultiloquio.

STUPA (reliquiae lini carminati) ut serviat stupeis funibus, tunditur stupario malleo.

STUPOR (sopor sensuum) quidam naturalis est, alios pavor stupefacit (et obstupefacit), cum obstupescunt aliquid stupendum. Membra stupida nihil sentiunt, ad omnia stupent.

STUPRUM (violenta libido) est, cum feminam stuprat morte puniendus stuprator (Deuteronomium 22:25).

STURIO (-onis, m.), aliās acipenser (-eris), piscis.

STURNUS, avis catervatim volans.

Stylus, v. Stilus.

Stypticus, v. Stipticus, in Stipare.

SUADEMUS (consilio commendamus) res bonas, ut persuadeamus; dissuademus mala. Sed oportet suasorem pollere suadā (suadelā) et uti suasione blandā, verbisque suasoriis, immo persuasoriis, si vult esse persuasor. Dissuasor autem utitur argumentis dissuasoriis. Abusus est, cum quis malesuadus illicita consuadet, suasuque suo persuasibilem impellit.

SUAVIA (iucunda gustu) afficiunt nos suaviter; insuavibus nulla inest suavitas. Mater infanti dans suavia (oscula) suaviatur illum, et tantum non dissuaviatur.

SUESCE (transfer in morem tuum) laborare; adsuetudo (assuetudo) laborum magnus est thesaurus vitae. Sed adsuesce bonis tantum, quia desuescere difficile est. Insuetum (inassuetum) consuefacere potes ad quidvis; assuetum pravis desuefacere impossibile fere. Maturê igitur desuesce, aut potius numquam insuesce.

SUB, subter, subtus, notulae sitūs inferioris.

Subsicivus, v. Secare.

SUBER (-eris, n.), arbor spongioso cortice; subereus calceus.

Subidus, v. Sus.

Subinde, v. Unde.

Subire et Subitus, v. Ire.

Sublatus, v. Tollere.

SUBLICA, palus super quem stat sublicius pons, i. e. ligneus.

SUBLIME est caelum. Aquila volat sublimê (sublimiter). Quos fortuna sublimavit raro sciunt uti sublimitate. Chymicus (chemicus) sublimat aquas sublimatas.

SUBSCUS (-udis, f.), vinculum ligneum, quō asseres forium constringuntur.

Subsecivus, v. Secare.

Subsellium, v. Sedere.

Subsilire et Subsaltare, v. Salire.

Subtegmen, v. Texere.

Subter, Subtus, v. Sub.

SUBTILIS res (habens partes tenues) vult tractari subtiliter. Caput insubtile non capit subtilitatem.

SUBUCULA, tunicula subiacens aliis.

Subula, v. Suere.

Subulcus et Succerda, v. Sus.

Succîdia, v. Caedere.

Succisivus, v. Caedere.

Succula, v. Sus.

SUCCŌ (humore) abundant succosae (succidae, succulentae) arbores. Lignum exsuccum (aridum) insuccatur aliquando oleo, ut diu duret. Succi minerales varii sunt.

SÛCINUM (succinum), succus odoriferus, ex quo fiunt succinea monilia.

SUDARE (humorem per poros cutis exstillare) salubre est, sed non nimis desudare, aut exsudare sanguinem. Qui non potest consudare, ingrediatur balneum sudatorium, aut utatur medicinis sudoriferis, et abstergat sudorem de corpore sudabundo sudariis. Tibi saluberrimum sudatorium erit, desudare in studiis.

SUDES (-is, f.), palus saepis.

Sudum, v. Udus.

SUERE (acu et filo res connectere) sutoris est opus, utile propter vestes sutiles (nam inconsutiles, insutas, quis vidit?). At sutor calceorum in officina sutoria (sutrinam vocant) consuit calceamenta. Nam acceptā subulā, transsuit corium, et assuit alterum alteri consutura firmissimā; interdum aliud quid insuens, praesuens, subsuens, circumsuens, ornatūs causā. Si sutura displicet, dissuit (vel resuit), rursumque resuit ita, ne sutura appareat. Hîc habes totum sutrinum (artem sutrinam).

Sufficere, Substituere, v. Facere. Sed aliud est.

SUFFICERE, satis esse. Quaeso sufficiat tibi, si omnisufficiens Deus tibi quoque det sufficientem necessitatem; habes sufficienter, tametsi non superfluê.

SUFFIMUS, cum accensō odorato suffimento suffitum facimus.

SUFFLAMEN est retinaculum, quō in praecipiti loco sufflaminatur rota, ne currus ruat.

Suffocare, v. Focus aut Faux.

Suffragari, v. Fragari.

Suffrago, v. Frangere.

SUGUNT porcelli sociali suctu lac maternum, e sumine, donec exsugant.

SUGILLARE (vel Suggillare) faciem, ad livorem usque contundere; sed sugillatio famae magis dolet.

SUGGRUNDA (-ae, vel suggrundia, -iorum), tectum a pariete longius emissum.

SUI curam habet quisque, sibi favet, se amat, et suos.

SULCUS est vestigium aratri, cum sulcamus (aramus) agrum bisulcis (habentibus ungulas bifidas) tauris.

SULFUR (non sulphur) et sulfureus fumus, sulfurataque omnia, citissime flammam concipiunt.

Sum, v. Esse.

Sumen, v. Sugere.

SUMERE pecuniam mutuo, et facere sumptum (vel sumtum) inutilem, in res sumptuosas cave; ne absumas (vel consumas) opes insumendo in res non necessarias. Assume cibum domesticum, et consume frugaliter. Crastinam portionem ne praesume, nec temere de te praesume. Praesumptio noxia est: resume modestiam.

Summa, Summus, v. Super.

Supellex, v. Lectus.

SUPER nos est superum caelum, et superi inhabitantes supernas sedes; hisque superior ille supremus (summus) omnium Deus. An quae supra nos, nihil ad nos spectant? Immo quae supra sunt, illa summê ad nos. Ostendet id supremus (ultimus) dies, cum superabimus mundum, nec superabit aliud, quam summum illud, quod servatur piis ubi consummabuntur omnia. O si summates mundi meminissent summitatem suam, quā exsuperant ceteros, venire superne (seu desuper)! Ut sibi ne videantur insuperabiles. Supremo enim patebit omnia esse superabilia, cum nulla superamenta erunt, praeter summariam memoriam bene aut male actorum. Dicam summatim: summa summarum erit in caelis, ibi consummabimur.

SUPERBÊ, animo elatê. Cur superbê agis? Cur superbis? Deus odit superbiam.

Superficies, v. Facies.

Superstes, et Superstitio, v. Stare.

SUPINUS (et resupinus) in dorso iacet supinê volens, aut supinatur (resupinatur) ab alio. Sed animus supinus, seu supinitas, non decet studiosum.

SUPPARUS (et supparum), levis toga.

Suppeditare, v. Pes.

Supplex v. Plica.

Supra v. Super.

SURA, cruris pars posterior, carnosa.

SURCULOS (ramusculos unius anni) adimimus surculosae arbori, et plantamus.

SURDUS (privatus auditu), non percipiens dicta ob surditatem, respondet interdum absurdê. Surdaster caveat illa quae exsurdant, ne obsurdescat in totum.

SURGE! En surrexi (sursum me erexi), eram enim surrecturus. Assurge honoratiori, immō consurgant omnes. Male exsurgit mos insurgendi adversus superiores. A mortuis resurgemus omnes: faxit Deus ut beatā resurrectione.

SURSUM, supraversum. In compositis fit &quot;sus&quot;, ut suspendo, sustollo, etc.

SUS (-is, m. et f.), iumentum spurcum alitur ob carnem suinam (suillam) in suili, aut pascitur in campo a subulco; qui plerumque est subidis (insubidis) moribus. Venditurque a suario, in foro suario. Sucula (succula) est instrumentum tractorium.

SUSURRUS, est submissum murmur, qualem dat ventus arbores perflans; susurrat etiam qui leniter aliquid in aurem insusurrat. Sed susurronem, qui malignā susurratione alios traducit, odimus.

Sutela, Sutor, v. Suere.

Suus, v. Sui.

SYLLABAS componens e litteris, et pronuntians syllabatim syllabarius puer, syllabizat.

SYMBOLAM (partem collectae suam) qui dedit, accipit ab hospite symbolum (collatae symbolae signum). Asymbolos ad cenam non admittitur. Usus symbolae in militia est, symboli apostolici in ecclesia.

== T ==

TABANUS, musca caballina.

TABERNAM erigit in foro tabernarius (institor), tabernaculum in campo miles. In tabernam divertit viator. E tabernā vinaria emunt vinum contubernales, et recreant se in contubernio suo.

TABES, est consumptio corporis, ex ulceratione pulmonum orta. Tabidus sputat tabum, et quicquid edit, tabificum est illi. Nam tabescit, donec contabescat (extabescat).

TABULAE, sunt ligna lata, quibus tabulatur (et contabulatur, id est consternitur) pavimentum, aliaque tabulata (aliae tabulationes). In tabulis publicis scribit tabularius acta publica, asservatque eas in tablino. Sed tabellas (i. e. epistulas) fert tabellarius, vel tabellio.

TACET tacitus, dum non loquitur; taciturnus reticet (et obtacet) arcana, laudabili taciturnitate. Tu loquere tacitê, et cum dixisti quod opus est, contice. Conticinium est pars noctis prima, ubi negotia conticescunt.

Tactus, v. Tangere.

TAEDA, fax e ligno piceo.

TAEDET (taedescit) vivere hominem afflictum; atque si taedium est diuturnum, vel taediosa multa simul, distaedet (pertaedet), ut pertaesus omnium mori optet.

TAENIA, fascia quā vittae nodantur.

TAETER (taetricus) vir ipsā taetricitate suā taeterrime terret.

TALCUM, metallum illiquabile.

TALEA, planta quae radice terrae inseritur (ut salicis).

TALIS poena, quale peccatum. Et dum quis taliter alteri reddit, qualiter egit ille, talio (-onis, m. et f.) dicitur; redditio ipsa retaliatio.

TALPA, mus subterraneus, caecus.

TALUS, os prope calcaneum, utrinque exstans, quos obtegit tunica talaris. Ludus talarius (ossiculorum quadratorum) relinquendus est aleonibus; ut et talitrum quod incutiunt fronti.

TAM diligenter disce, ut nemini cedas; eris tam doctus quam bonus, scholaque tibi erit tamquam paradisus.

TAMEN ora. Nam tamenetsi (tametsi, etsi) sapientia Dei donum est, attamen iubet nos orare, et laborare.

TAMINAT (et contaminat), qui aliquid manu foedat. Tu esto incontaminatus moribus.

TANDEM, ad extremum.

TANGUNT nos res tactiles, h. e. perceptibiles tactu. Sagitta scopum tangit, si eo usque pertingit, illumque attingit; quod non onmibus iaculantibus obtingit. Scopus enim imperitis manet intactus, nisi sit prope contiguus. Morbus contagiosus inficit contagio, non tantum contactu, sed et halitu. Raro aliter contingit; aut si, contingens est.

Tamquam, v. Tam.

TANTUS est (tam magnus) Deus, tantilli nos, qui nos aestimat tanti, ut tantum (tantummodo) nostrum bonum quaerat. Quod nos ingrati tantillum curamus, ut tantum non aspernemur; tantō ingratiores, quantō ille minus requirit, nempe ut illi serviamus tantisper, dum nos ad se transferat.

TAPES (-etis; et tapete, -etis; et tapetum), stragulum variis coloribus intextum.

TARDA (et bistarda), avis campestris tardivola, maior ansere.

TARDUS venit tardê, tarditateque suā suas actiones tardat, aliorum exspectationem retardat.

TARMES (-itis), vermis in carne.

TARTARUS, locus damnatorum, cum tartarea flamma; sicut et tartarus in corpore, h. e. faex vini siccata, valde nos cruciant.

TAURUS (mas bubulus) feriens tauram (vaccam sterilem) taurinis (taureis) suis cornibus, feriendus est taureā (sc. scuticā.)

TAXARE merces (indicare pretium) venditoris est, taxatione iustā. Vitia taxat taxator; sed si temerariā taxatione, retaxetur.

TAXUS, abies ligno rubente.

Te, v. Tu.

Tectum, v. Tegere.

TEGIMUS tecta aedium tegulis, ut tecta sint. Parietes vero tector obtegit tectoriō (-um). Lectisternia integimus et contegimus tegetibus; alias res praetegimus et circumtegimus aliis tegumentis (integumentis), ut quod bene pertegitur, ne retegatur. Magistratus protegit innocentes adversus iniurias; sin, reteget iniquitatem Deus iustus, protector, praestabitque protectionem ipse.

TELA, textura linea.

Tellus, v. Terra.

TELONIUM (vectigal) exigit telonarius.

TELUM, omne missile quō protelatur bostis

TEMERÊ (inconsideratā audaciā) agens, temerarius est, suaque temeritate res temerat (violat).

TEMETO (vino gravi) abstinens abstemius, non incidit in temulentiam, ut temulentus.

TEMNERE (spernere) alios, et habere contemptum, potest quilibet contemptibilis; sed rursum quilibet contemptor punitur contemptu.

TEMO, gubernaculum currūs.

TEMPERAT (tempore et modo mensurat) actiones suas temperans decenti temperaturā. Diaeta vero adhibet temperantiam, quam attemperat temperamento suo, obtemperans rationi. Intemperans accersit sibi suā intemperantiā intemperiem humorum, et dehinc morbos. Tu age omnia temperanter et omnia quae veniunt contempera sic, ut ne quid noceat.

TEMPLUM (aedes Deo sacra) est, ubi contemplamur cultum Dei; sed contemplator peractā contemplatione extemplo (statim) exit.

TEMPUS est duratio rerum; tempori (tempore) omnia fiunt. Quidam canescunt temporius (ante tempus), praesertim ad tempora (frontis latera); quae canities temporalis (temporaria) est, sed non extemporalis (extemporaria, extemporanea), quia non fit ex tempore. Tempestas aeris bona, producit fructus tempestivos, et tempestivê; intempestas caeli facit mare tempestuosum, et navigationem intempestam, praesertim nocte intempestā.

Temulentus, v. Temetum.

Tenax, v. Tenere.

TENDIT sagittarius arcum, ut tensus (vel tentus) eiaculetur sagittam; post eum retendit. Tendines (m.) in corpore distendunt membra sic, ut ab illo distentu aliquando spasmus sequatur. Viator quō tendit bonā intentione, contendat etiam pertendere. Auceps praetendit aviculis tendiculas. Milites in campo extendunt tentoria, subtendunt lectos loris, aut se obtentu frondium inumbrant. Citharoedus intendit fides, quia incontentae non sonant. Discipulus attentus attendit praeceptori attentê (magnā attentione), intentus in omnia. Iurgator contentiosus contendit verbis, aliud intendens, aliud praetendens, vario obtentu; tu contentiones fuge. Deus aliquando res futuras ostendit (ob oculos tendit) variis ostentis (-um) in caelo vel terra; semperque talia portenta, seu portentosa visa, aliquid portendunt; quia praeses mundi nihil in vanum agit, ut ostentatores vani, vanê se ostentantes.

TENEBRAE veniunt cum tenebricosa nocte, obtenebrante omnia. Tenebrio amat tenebrosa loca.

TENER puellus (aetate mollis) tenello quoque est ingenio, vult tractari tenerê (teneriter). Sed teneritas (teneritudo) animi, virum non decet; ergo ne tenerescas, sed roborascas, exerce te laboribus.

TENETUR cantharus tenaculo (i. e. manubrio); retinetur navis tenaculo (fune). Homo tenax detinet res nimis tenaciter, aliquando noxiā tenacitate; tenemur enim (i. e. debemus) esse liberales. Abstinere (se) a malo, laudabilis abstinentia est. Continere bona quoque desideria intra modum, sapiens continentia, cui debemus studere continenter. Incontinentes distinentur curis, ut qui vacant cantharis continentibus vinum continuo, continuantes potationem totas noctes; unde nec sustinere se pedibus possunt, nec sustentare vitam, habentque pro mercede morbos continuos, seu continuitatem morborum. Tu vive contentus paucis, secundum tenorem (continuum modum) virtutis, obtinebis valetudinem. Intricare vero se illis, quae ad te non attinent (pertinent), quid attinet. Quidam adeo sunt pertinaces, et defendunt sua pertinaciter, ut res suas perdant pertinaciā sua.

TENTAT (prensat ut teneat) caecus viam, dum praetentat baculo; tentat (attenttat) discipulus opus, variis tentamentis intentat (pertat) etiam, donec sit certus. Deus permittit tentatori satanae subtentare (et intentare) pios bono fine: intentatus enim qualia scit?

Tentorium, v. Tendere.

TENUIS lamina non potest magis tenuari (attenuari, extenuari), sed potest ob suam tenuitatem plicari. Homo tenuis sentiat de se tenuiter.

TENUS, nota extensionis rei usque ad aliquid, non ultra; postponitur autem. Ut: Hactenus expertus es, et experieris protenus (usitatius Protinus, q. e. &quot;porrotenus&quot;), quod linguae non respondeant sibi verbo, sed aliquatenus dumtaxat; nempe eatenus, quatenus idem sensus potest exprimi etiam diversis verbis quadamtenus.

TEPET aqua, cum remissê calet. Et quia tepida (sicut et omnis tepor seu tepiditas) gratior est tactui quam frigus et calor, frigida tepefit in tepidario (balneo) igni; calida vero teporatur frigidā, aut tepescit a se ipsa.

Ter, v. Tres.

TEREBINTHUS arbor, fert terebinthinam (sc. resinam).

TEREBRĀ terebramus (foramus) lignum; terebello perterebramus quod volumus esse cavum.

TEREDO vermiculus facit lignum teredinosum.

TERERE, fricando comminuere; quomodo terit colores puer pictoris diligenti triturā, ut bene triti sint, dum eos atterit, conterit, disterit, et perterit. Frumenta olim terebant bobus, sed quae tritura non sine detrimento fuit (detrimentosa fuit). Proterendo enim spicas, et exterendo grana, subterebant sibi ac deterebant ungulas. Grana vero protrita ibant in retrimenta, quae ne perirent, interebant iusculis, parabantque intritas. Hodie tritores (vel trituratores) triturant minore intertrimento. Cor contritum sacrificium est Deo.

TERES (-etis), longus et rotundus.

TERGERE (vel tergêre), maculam mundare; quae si externê haeret, abstergimus (detergimus) tantum. Si profundius, extergeri oportet, et pertergeri, ut rem habeamus tersam.

TERGUM, posterior pars cuiusque rei. Tergum animalis habet durissimum tergus (-oris, n.), unde tergina lora, durissima. Quod a tergo est, nemo videt. Vertit tergum qui fugit. Tergiversatur, qui quaerit ne faciat quod debet.

TERMES (-itis, m.), ramus cum fructu decerptus.

Termes, pro verme, v. Tarmes.

TERMINUS est ubi aliquid terminatur, h. e. incipit aut desinit. Quod nemo adhuc determinavit aut disterminavit, interminatum (indeterminatum) dices. Si quem exterminant patriā, fugit ad gentem conterminam.

TERRA mater est nostra; ex qua fiunt terrea vasa; super quam vivunt animalia terrêna (terrestria), in illa vero res subterraneae (subterreae). Conterranei sunt in eadem terra (i. e. regione) nati, etiamsi non in eodem territorio (dicione). NB. Terra et tellus poetis idem, hinc Meditullium, medium telluris.

TERREMUS aves terriculis (-um), ut ab horto proterreamus; territamus hostem terribilibus minis, ut exterritum ab armis deterreamus. Quamquam autem imperterritus animus non curat terriculamenta, terror tamen divini iudicii te perterrefaciat, et a peccando absterreat.

Teruncius, v. Uncia.

TESSERAS (ossicula quadrata) facit tesserarius, quibus ludit (in caupona) tesserarius. Pavimenta tessellata construuntur e tessellis (tesseris, h. e. lateribus quadratis). Rustici utuntur tesseris (tesserulis), h. e. ligillis quadratis oblongis binis, quibus incîdunt expensa et accepta sua. In bello dat quotidie militibus novam tesseram tessarius.

TESTAM (ollam) frange, habebis testas. Testas habent loco cutis animalia testacea. In testu, qui operitur testō (-um), coquitur panis testuaceus.

TESTIS (qui facit fidem conscientiā suā alterius assertioni) testatur (h. e. perhibet testimonium) illi, qui eum testatur (testificatur, in testem vocat). Si alter adest, attestatur; si plures, contestatur; omnesque detestantur detestari se detestabile mendacium. Quando testator vult testari ultimam voluntatem suam, facit testamentum iuxta leges testamentarias, committitque exsecutionem testamentario. Si quis autem decedit intestatus, succedit illi intestato (ab intestato) proximus agnatus. Si quis contra protestatur, ille obtestatur; tandem vincit intestatus, testibus non convictus.

TESTUDO (rana inhabitans testaceam domum) incedit testudineo gradu. Testudo (camerata fornix) est in palatio pulchrê testudinato. Musicus pulsat testudinem.

TETRAON, avis.

TEXIT textor telam in textrina (seu textoria officinā), facitque vario textu (texturā) textiles pannos. Postquam enim attexuit, subtexit stamini subtegmen, et contexit contextu uno, donec detexat (pertexat). Aliquando intexit colorata fila, et intertexit imagines, aut circumtexit ornamenta. Si quid male praetexuit, extexit (retexit). Qui texunt corbes, aut texunt retia, illorum textile opus simplicius est. Romae senatorum filii gestabant praetextam (h. e. vestem talarem). Tu cum contexis orationem, attexe sic verba verbis, ut contextus orationis bene fluat. Actiones vero tuae sint purae, sine praetextu.

THEATRUM (area spectaculi), ubi ludi theatrici (theatrales) fiunt.

THEOLOGIA est scientia rerum divinarum; sed theologus vivat theologicê.

THERIACA, praeclarum medicamen.

THERMAE, aquae naturā calidae.

THESAURUS, res pretiosae reconditae; quas thesaurizat aut custodit thesaurarius.

THORAX est pectus; thorax vestis; ferreus thorax, munimentum pectoris; medicinae thoracicae sunt variae.

THRONUS, solium regale.

THUS, gummi, colligitur e thurifera arbore, venditurque a thurario, et crematur in thuribulo, quia odor thureus suavissimus.

TIBIAS pedum (ossa crurum) tegimus tibialibus. Tibiā canit tibicen vel tibicina, tibiā utriculari rusticus.

TIGNUM, lignum maius aedificio aptum; qualia dum faber tignarius (alias lignarius) contignat, fiunt contignationes, explenturque intertignia parvis tigillis. Tigilla sunt in tecto, quibus imponuntur tegulae.

TIGRIS, fera.

TILIA, arbor mollissima, dat asseres tiliaceos (tiliagineos, tiligneos).

TIME Deum puro timore, qui non vis extimescere (pertimescere) gehennam. Qui etiam recta agendo subtimet, piê timidus est. Talis timiditas salutaris est.

TINA, dolium parvum.

TINCA, piscis.

TINEA rodit vestem, facitque tineosam.

TINGIT pannos tinctor colore tinctili; retingitque, si opus, iteratā tincturā (seu tinctu). Intinctūs apponuntur mensae, quibus intingimus panem.

TINNIRE, est exili et acutā voce sonare; qualem tinnitum edunt tinnula vasa aenea, et alia tinnimenta. Tintinnit (vel tintinnat) autem, qui tintinnabula pulsat.

TIPULA, aranea super aquas cursitans.

TIRO, novus miles (ut et tirunculus in schola), opus habet tirocinio.

TITILLARE suaviter attrectare est.

TITIO, semiustum lignum.

TITIVILLITIUM, fila putrida, quae de tela cadunt.

TITUBAT pedibus ebrius; titubantiam linguae vide in balbo, qui titubanter loquitur.

TITULOS affectant prae aliis quidam titulotenus nobiles.

TOGAS gestabant (super tunicas) Romani, gens togata, sicut pallia Graeci.

TOLERAT (fert patienter) adversa vir tolerans toleranter; habetque a sua tolerantia id commodi, ut ei nihil intolerabile videatur. Intolerans contra nihil pertolerare potest.

TOLLIMUS (elevamus sursum) quod humi iacet. Tollenonem (machinam haustoriam ad puteum) deprimendo et attollendo haurimus aquam, urnamque sustollimus et sublatam effundimus. Tolutarius (equus) incedit tolutim, seu tolutili gradu; celeriter pedes extollendo et protollendo. Tu cave extolli (sustolli): elatio (sublatio) animi odiosa est Deo et hominibus.

TOMACULUM, farcimen ex iecore conciso.

TOMEX (f.), restis e stramine facta.

Tonare, Tonitru, v. Tonus.

TONDET pannum tonsor pannorum, deciduntque tomenta (q. e. &quot;tondimenta&quot;). Tonstrix ovium detondet lanam, annuatim bino tonsu. Hortulanus attondet tonsilem saepem. Barbitonsor in sua tonstrina retondet tonsorio cultro barbam, aut circumtondet caput, h. e. facit tonsuram illis, qui nolunt esse intonsi.

TONNA (auri), centies mille.

TONSILLAE, glandulae circa fauces.

Tonsor, v. Tondere.

TONUS (intensior sonus) fit, cum caelum tonat, et tonitru (vel tonus, -ūs) auditur, et nos reddit attonitos, cum primum intonuit et nos circumtonat, antequam detonuerit. Semitonia in musica suaviter retonant.

TOPIARIUM, seu topiarium opus (herbae sunt horti in figuras redactae), curat topiarius.

Toral, v. Torus.

Torcular, Tormentum, v. Torquere.

TORNAT lignum (celeriter torquendo sculpit) torno (-us) tornator, facitque varia tornatilia vasa.

TORPENT nobis membra (languescunt) morbo; sed nocivior torpor est animi, cum quis torpescit ad negotia. Nam torpidi, qui sic obtorpent, ad omnia sunt inutiles.

TORQUET se (in gyrum violenter flectit) et contorquet tortilis anguis vario tortu in tortuoso amne, distorquetque ac retorquet corpus. Tortor torquet maleficum super tormento (-um), excitatque illi hāc torturā saeva tormenta. Bellica tormenta explodunt globos. Tormina patitur praetorto ventre, qui non abstinet cibis torminalibus. Torcular (vel torculare) vinitorium extorquet uvis vinum tortivum in vasa torcula. Tu detorquere in alium sensum recte dicta cave.

TORQUIS (vel torques, m. et f., catena ex auro torta) ornat torquatum.

TORRENS (-tis), defluens rapide amnis.

TORRET (igne sicco urit) sol campos; torret coquus carnem super prunas, et ancilla panem, cum tostum panem vult edere. Aestas torrida multas arbores torrefacit seu facit retorridas.

TORRIS, lignum ardens.

TORUS est funis retortus, qui subtenditur lectulo; hinc torus, ipse lectus, cui super inicitur toral (-ālis, n.) Torosa cervix bovis ostendit robustum, quia in toris (h. e. musculis) robur est.

TORVUS (torto vultu) torvê spectat, suaque torvitate terret.

Tostus, v. Torrere.

TOT (tam multi) errores, toties redeuntes; nec dumtaxat totidem (h. e. toto numero quoto prius), sed plures, turbant totum mundum, ex toto (seu totaliter).

TOXICUM, venenum tingendis sagittis.

TRABES configuntur clave trabali in aedificio trabeato (seu trabeatione).

TRACTARE negotium cum viro tractabili facile est; bene tractare in convivio, honestum. Attrectare (contrectare) rem alienam indecorum. Detrectare inhonesta licet; non licet obtrectare bonis, quod facit obtrectator. Si quid tractas sermone, ita pertracta ut non sit opus retractare.

Tractus, v. Trahere.

Tradere, v. Dare.

Tradux, v. Ducere.

TRAGOEDIAM agitat tragoedus, componit tragicus poeta verbis et circumstantiis tragicis, i. e. lugubribus.

TRAGULA, idem quod traha; rete piscatorium mediae magnitudinis; telum amentatum, proici et retrahi aptum.

TRAHIMUS (violenter ducimus) aliquid tractim, h. e. tractu uno; sive per planum (nivosum), trahā a trahario paratā; sive sursum, machinis tractoriis. Et quicquid sic abstraximus a loco suo, aut extraximus alicunde, attrahimus nobis, aut pertrahimus aliō. Res diffusas contrahimus in unum. Et dum distrahimus merces, contrahimus (paciscimur) de pretio, iusto contractu (contractione). Contrahere milites, cum opus est, non protrahimus; post eos in aciem protrahimus, atque si se fugā subtrahunt, retrahimus; si nolunt, detrahimus honori illorum.

Traicere, v. Iacere.

Tralatio (Translatio), v. Ferre.

TRAMA, filum transmeans stamen.

TRAMES (-itis, m.), exiguus transitus per invia.

TRANQUILLUM mare navigatur tranquillê, quando id serenitas tranquillat, redditque post procellas tranquillitatem.

TRANS mare qui abiit, trans mare est.

TRANSENNA, fenestella cancellata per quam aspicitur; transennā capit auceps aviculas.

TRANSTRA, sedilia remigum in navi; transtra, transversae trabiculae sub tectis.

TREMIT (minutatim concutitur) molesto tremore tremula manus senis, tremebundaque vox. Puer tremiscit (intremiscit) cum eum quis tremefacit virgā. Tu contremisce tremendam iram Dei.

TREPIDAT (metu tremit) miles trepidus, fugitque trepidê (trepidanter). Intrepidus agit intrepidê, et opprobrio sibi ducit trepidationem.

TRES, duo sunt et unus, terni novem. In ternario numero tertius est ultimus. Rusticus tertiat agrum, cum tertio (seu tertium) arat. Tertiana (febris) per diem quiescit. Sestertius fuit nummus, valens sesquitertium assem. Triarius miles, stabat ordine tertio, ad subsidia. Triens (triental), tertia pars mensurae. Trimus (trimulus), puer trium annorum. Trina (triuna) res, habens tres modos, unde trinitas (triunitas). Inter triginta ultimus trigesimus (tricesimus) est; inter tricentos (et trecentos) tricentesimus. Numera tricenos tricies, habebis nongentos; tricentenos (trecenos) tricenties, nonaginta millia.

TRIBUIT fundator urbis populum in tribūs (-ūs, f.), ut queant congregari facilius tribules (contribules) facti, et melius consultare tributim. Tum tribuit (attribuit) unicuique locum suum, et iubet quemque aliquid contribuere in commune. Mox distribuit inter primarios officia; et eligit tribunos, qui ius dicant e tribunali potestate tribuniciā, tempore tribunatūs sui; colligantque tributa a tributariis, agantque distributores eorum iustā distributione secundum iustitiam distributivam; retribuendo etiam, si qui de suo in publicum impenderunt. (Tribuni militum in bello sunt.)

TRIBULAT agricola frumentum tribulā (seu tribulō, -um), ut exterat grana. Deus permittit suos tribulari utili tribulatione.

TRIBULUS, castanea aquatica cornuta; herba aculeata.

Tribunal, Tribunus, Tribus, v. Tribuere.

TRICAE sunt perplexa filamenta, quibus se intricat pullus gallinaceus, nisi extricetur. Sed tricosus trico longê inextricabilioribus tricis (nugis, litibus) intricat alios.

Triga, v. Iugum.

Bilex, v. Licium.

TRIONES, antiquis boves. Item stellae in caelo; hinc septentrio, et plaga septentrionalis.

TRIPUDIUM, rusticana saltatio, cum tripudiant, h. e. tertio pede consistente saltant.

TRIQUETRUS, triangularis.

TRISTIS casus contristat nos, ut tristemur; sed nimia tristitia excutienda est.

TRITICUM est optimum frumentum; et triticeus panis. Triticum Indicum maius est nostro.

Triturare, v. Terere.

TRIUMPHUS fuit pompa, in honorem victoris Romae instituta; ubi qui de hoste victo triumphabat, deducebatur curru triumphali in capitolium laeto triumphatu.

TROPHAEUM, memoriale victoriae.

TRUA, dimin. Trulla, vasculum culinare infusorium. Sed et murarius e trullā trullissat parietem.

TRUDIMUS navem (in quam contrusimus merces) trude longō, ut eam detrudamus a littore, aut retrudamus a brevibus. Molam vero trusatilem protrudimus manu. Sed qui se intrudit negotiis, vel obtrudit officia sua invitis, extruditur. Habes quid arcani? Abstrude.

Trulla, v. Trua.

TRUNCO institit arbor; truncata ramis humique iacens, truncus est, soletque distruncari. Corpus obtruncatum et insuper truncum manibus pedibusque, truncus est.

TRUTINĀ (maiore bilance) trutinamus grandia pondera, attendentes insuper trutinae.

TRUTTA, nobilis fluvialis piscis.

TRUX latro, ipso truculento aspectu terret, truculenterque trucîdat viatores.

TU, tumet ipse noces tibi et perdis tete et tua, si es impius. Ergo nosce te ipsum, habe curam tui, tecumque habita, si sapis.

Tuba, v. Tubus.

TUBER (-eris, n.) est tumor sub cute tuberans, quam facit tuberosam; tuber est extuberatio arboris; tuber fungus e terra non protuberat. Arbor tuber (g. f.) in Africa profert tuberes (g. m.), i. e. poma.

TUBURCINARI, raptim comedere.

TUBUS, canalis subterraneus, per quem derivamus aquam. Tubō optico speculamur. Tubulō gustamus vinum. Tubae, et tubae ductiles, fiunt formā tubulatā; quas facit tubarius; sed tubā canit tubicen.

TUCETUM (vel tuccetum), caro minutatim consecta.

Tudes, Tudicula, v. Tundere.

TUERI, (1.) diligenter aspicere, (2.) aspectu defendere.

'''Composita a Significatione 1.'''

Intueri res novas diligenti intuitione (intuitu), immō et contueri fixo intutu nemo prohibet, tametsi nimio obtutu visus hebescat. Sed intueri homines vano intutu incivile est.

'''Derivata a Significatione 2.'''

Tutor tutatur pupillum, commissum tutelae suae, iuxta leges tutelares, ut sit tutus a periculis, agatque tuto. Sed et cuivis opus est tutamine aliquo, adversus intuta.

TUGURIUM (tuguriolum), agrestis casula.

TUM disce, cum occasio est; erisque tum sapiens, tum eloquens.

TUMET flatu distentum membrum tumore molesto; sed postquam intumuit, detumet, si auferantur tumefacientia. Cor tumidum superbiā vanum est; fuge hunc tumorem.

TUMULTUS (perturbatio multitudinis) excitatur aliquando temerê a tumultuosa plebe; quae ob quidvis tumultuatur, et quidvis tumultuariê (tumultuanter) agit.

TUMULUS, est colliculus. Campus tumulosus non aratur bene. Tumulis tumulamus (et contumulamus) mortuos, ne intumulati sint.

TUNC, eo tempore.

TUNDIMUS res duras tude (seu tudite; tudes, -is, -itis, m. et f.) ut e tunsis, seu tusis, extundamus quod intus est. Sed cavendum, ne pertundamus vasa: pertusa enim perfluunt. Coquus despumat carnes tudiculā, tudiculā vero contundit aromata in mortario; quam et crebrā contusione obtundit (retundit), ut fiat obtusa (et retusa).

TUNICA est vestis sub toga (vel pallio) strictior; pupilla oculi contegitur tunicis; cepa resolvitur in tunicas.

TURARE, inusitatum, sed obturamus vasa obturamentis, rursumque reobturamus. N. Scribunt et &quot;obthuro&quot;.

TURBA est commotio multitudinis, quin et turba (ipsa multitudo populi) turbat omnia turbidis consiliis suis. Sunt imprimis quaedam capita turbulenta, quae turbulenter agendo negotia perturbare, quietem interturbare bonosque conturbare gaudent. Sed ut res turbatae tranquillentur, solet turbator proturbari, de loco suo deturbari, complices eius disturbari et aliquando patriā exturbari. Tu igitur si optas vivere imperturbatus, vive quietus.

TURBO (ventus tortuosus) versat aerem. Turbo gyrat aquam gyro turbineo. Turbinem versant pueri flagello; qualem turrim aedificare turbinatam periculosum foret.

TURDUS, avis mensîs grata; turdela, turdus minor.

TURGET (duriter tumet) gemma in vite turgida. Animus sapientis numquam turgescit, resipiscentis deturget.

TURIO, surculus defractus.

TURMA, cohors equitum, a qua dum in hostem irruitur turmatim, nemo turmalium abesse debet.

TURPIS ruga turpiter quidem turpat faciem; sed turpitudo morum, longe turpius deturpat animum.

TURRIS celsa aedificatur speculationis ergo. Turritae urbes pulchrae sunt. Turriculas adstruunt domibus.

TURTUR (vel turturis).

TURUNDA, buccea ex concisis rebus confecta; lineamentum quod vulneri inmittitur.

TUSSIS semper cogit tussire, non permittit semper extussire.

Tusus, v. Tundere.

Tutela, Tutus, v. Tueri.

TYMPANUM pulsans tympanista tympanizat; tympano tolluntur onera.

TYPUS impressus numismati ostendit regis effigiem. Typos in typographeo componit typotheta, imprimit vero chartis typographus. Typus est adumbratio typica cuiusque rei; ubi ex archetypo exemplari fiunt ectypa.

TYRANNUS, olim dominus, nunc qui tyrannico furore concitatus tyrannicê agit; cuiusmodi tyrannis (-idis) exosa est.

== U ==

UBER (g. o.), abundans. Uber (-ris, n.) vaccae uberat lacte. Ubertas pomorum ubertim conspicitur, cum exuberat fertilitate. (N. Alii aspirant: &quot;huber&quot;, etc.)

UBI sol, ibi lux; quam die videmus ubique, nocte nullibi. Sicubi quaeris, quod alicubi est, vide ut necubi quaeras, ubi non est. Ubiubi tamen est, si quaeres ubivis, invenies ibidem ubi est. Si quaeris duobus in locis, utrobi sit, fieri potest ut reperias utrobique, aut neutrobi.

UDONES (m.) calcei ex pilis hircinis, pro via pluviosa.

UDAE res (uvidae, humidae) udant udore suo siccas. Caelum sudum sine udo, et sine nube est. Vestes ibi non uvescunt. Uva vinacea plena est uvore suavi, uva spina acido. Uvae pastae, et uvae passulae, insiccantur sole.

ULCISCI vis iniurias tuas? Non manebunt inultae si permiseris ultionem ultori Deo.

ULCUS fit, cum subcutaneus acris humor carnem ulcerat (putrefacit), facitque dolorem ulceroso. Sed tu cave, ut ne exulceres animum cuiusquam.

ULIGO, scatens perpetuo terra in loco uliginoso.

Ullus, v. Unus.

ULMUS arbor latifolia; ulmeum lignum lentissimum.

ULNA, pars manus, a cubito ad pugnum. Geraria gestat ulnis infantem. Mercator mensurat pannos ulnā.

ULTRA stellas quid sit nescimus: nemo penetravit ultra. Possumus quidem cogitare ultra citrave, sed an aliquid sit ulterius, et quid tandem ultimum, quis dicet? Ultimo, tametsi non prohibeamur loqui de talibus ultro citroque, velle tamen ultro ignorare quaedam, ultronea modestiā, pulchrum est.

ULULA (avis) ululat flebili ululatu; sed et canes ac lupi valde exululant.

UMBILICUS est nodus ventris; cui simile aliquid umbilicatum dicitur.

UMBRAM (obscurum lumen) habet umbrosa silva, umbrans (obumbrans) terram. Et quaerit [eam] in umbraculo (loco frondibus tecto) vel sub umbella (tegumento capitis latissimo) homo umbratilis amans vitam umbraticam. Pictor adumbrat imaginem, dum primo delineat. Qui stat a luce, praeumbrat alteri.

Umquam, v. Quam.

UNA mens debet esse iis qui habitant una, aut uniti sunt societate aliquā. Talis enim unitas, et pulchra voluntatum unio, pulchrior est pretioso unione (g. m.), tamquam unica basis concordiae. Ergo dabit operam unicê, unusquisque, ut universi, h. e. universus populus, uniantur (adunentur et coadunentur) ad universalem concordiam, sicut ipsum universum seu universitas rerum concors est. Estne ullus qui hoc nolit? Si nullus, tu incipe cum nonnullis.

Unanimis, v. Anima.

UNCIA (duodecima pars assis) cum semuncia faciunt sescunciam (sescuncem). Inde ascendunt unciatim ad assem, quincunx (quinque unciae), septunx, nonuncium, decunx et deunx, cum assi deest uncia. Tres teruncii pendunt unciam. Nummus uncialis est thalerus imperialis, cusus ad leges unciarias.

UNCUS (seu uncinus) est uncum (-a, -um) ferrum aut lignum, quō attrahimus aliquid; uncinuli, uncinata ferrea fila, quibus connectimus vestes. Nasum quidam habent obuncum, sive aduncum (infra se recurvum) sive reduncum (sursum curvum).

UNDA (globus aquae fluentis) undosi (vel undabundi) fluminis, cum valde undat, solet exundare, et vicinos agros inundare. Qui abundat (vel superabundat) pecuniā, prospicere sibi potest abundanter, usque ad abundantiam; etiam amiciri undulatis pannis. Tibi si quid redundat, vide ut redundantia tua redundet ad (vel in) alios.

UNDE veniet auxilium? Indene, unde speras? Etiamsi aliunde, dummodo veniat alicunde, undecumque tandem, perinde est. Sicunde id speras, exspecta indidem. Et ut necunde veniat infortunium, circumspice hinc inde; potest enim venire undique, venitque subinde. Proinde ora semper, deinde age cautê, exinde spera bene.

UNDE- idem est in numeris quod &quot;uno dempto&quot;. Ut: undeviginti, undetriginta etc. usque ad undecentum.

Undecim, v. Decem.

Undique v. Unde.

UNGUNT (pinguedine illinunt) quidam faciem, ut uncta niteat, unguento quod unguentarius parat. Medicus inungit vulnera, vel perungit morbidum, superungit oculos lippientes collyrio. Iuglandes siccae unguinosae stomacho inutiles (Plinius).

UNGUES in digitis habet homo; ungues digitorum loco bestia; ungulas solidas solidipeda animalia: bos, equus, etc.

Universus, v. Unus.

UPUPA, avis galeata, spurca.

URBEM inhabitant urbani (urbici) homines, moribus urbani; plebs incolit suburbia. Tu quamvis anteurbanus (suburbanus) fueris, observa tamen urbanitatem.

URCEUS (urceolus), vas fictile aquae portandae.

URERE (urgere ardore ignis) non uno fit modo. Nam uredo (urica) adurit plantas; fulmen amburit arbores; urtica perurit cutem, et inurit vesiculas; frigus praeurit membra. Urigo fit in membris ab ustulante medicina, inducente ustionem. Ustor olim comburebat (exurebat) corpora mortuorum, non in ustrina opificis, sed forîs, remanente busto (h. e. ambusto loco, sepulcro). Spicae ustulatae sunt deliciae primitiarum.

URGET (vi premit) aliquando creditorem urgens necessitas, ut adurgeat debitorem, et exurgeat debitum.

URINA (humor salsus in corpore) meat per urinarios meatūs, nominatim e renibus in vesicam per ureteres.

URINAT (vel urinatur) in aqua (h. e. ambulat sub aqua) urinator.

URNA (vas) haurit aquam; urna servat cineres mortuorum; urna mensurat vinum, vase urnali.

URSUS et ursa, bestia mellivora. Pellis ursina est villosa. Ursa maior, ursa minor, stellae sunt.

Urtica, v. Urere.

URUS, silvestris bos.

Uspiam, v. piam.

Usquam, v. quam.

USQUE-, adhuc (seu hucusque), invalescit ebrietas; usque adeo, ut multi abusque mane, adusque noctem, usquequāque (et usque) perpotent, quōusque cuique visum, et usque dum plus non possunt.

Usura, Usurpare, Usus, v. Uti.

UT, sex diversa significat; accipitque primis tribus locis i, ut indifferenter dicatur UT vel UTI hoc modo:

Ut (uti) vales? Scribe ut (vel uti) sciam, ut (uti) et alii. Ut hîc sum, tam bene valui, ut non melius optem. Ut (vel utut) vero ita sit, malim tamen vivere vobiscum, utpote domi. Nam utcumque est, patria utique carissima est, neutiquam aliter iudicare possum, prout et alii, sicut (velut et sicuti, veluti) et tu ipse.

UTER (et uterus), locus foetum concipiens; uterini fratres, ex eadem matre.

UTER (-ris), vas coriaceum, quō portat aquam utrarius. Sed utriculus est follis tibias habens, quibus cantillat utricularius utriculari musicā.

UTER (utra, utrum), quis e duobus? Utercumque, modo alteruter veniat. Et quid si uterque? Quid si neuter? ¶ Utrō ibimus? In hortum an rus? Utrōque, aut neutro. Utrobi fuisti? Neutrobi. Immo utrobique. Unde redis? Ex horto an rure? Utrinque. Dic utrum hoc an illud vis? Neutrum, neutralis sum.

UTI re aliquā, est eam pro instrumento habere; abuti, utendo absumere; sed et abutitur qui ad mala utitur. Usus rei usualis (utibilis) quamdiu usui est, bonus est, abusus noxius; quamquam multus valde usitatus. Qui dat alteri pecuniam in usuram, accipit usuram; sed usuarius est. Habere domi satis utensilium, quicquid ad quotidianum usum requiritur, utile est; habere plus quam usus est (opus), inutile. Usurpare alienas res non licet.

Uti, Utique, v. Ut.

UTINAM! Nota voti.

UXOR, marita uxorati; quem si dote uxoriā sibi emit, uxorium fecit. Imperare vult bona uxorcula.

== V ==

VACAT supellectile (vacua est a supellectile) domus pauperis. Non vacat tibi, puer, vacare studiis? Optima vacatio est, ut mens vacua seu vacuitas mentis, expleatur sapientiā. Si opplere se vult rebus supervacuis (supervacaneis), evacuanda est virgis.

VACCA (vaccula), bos femina; unde vaccinum lac.

VACCINIA, myrtilli baccae.

VACERRA, saepimentum quodvis; vacerrosus (mente captus) includendus vacerrae.

VACILLAT vento bacillus non firmiter terrae infixus; cui similis est vacillatio mentis.

Vacuus, v. Vacare.

Vadare, v. Vadere.

Vadari, v. Vas, vadis.

VADIT (facit iter) exercitus, ut pervādat ad hostem, et illum properê invādat, vel undique circumvādat, ne quis evādat, ille vero evādat victor. Ideo supervadit montes, et fluminum vada, seu flumina vadosa, si vadari possunt.

VAE, vox dolentis, et minantis.

VAFER (callidus) agit vafre; mirāque vafritie aliquando vaframentum excogitat, quod sufficit intervertendis magnis moliminibus.

VAGANTUR (vacuê huc illuc aguntur) quidam homines vagi (vagabundi) inutili vagatione; inque morem evagantis fluvii divagantur huc illuc. De quibusdam talibus pervagata est fama.

VAGINA tegit gladium, qui evaginatus terret.

VAGIT infans, et obvagit matri, dum opem poscit vagitu. Lepus vagit dum capitur.

VAH, rem miram.

VALERE (esse integris viribus) et valetudo primarium bonum in vita, invaletudo primarium impedimentum. Non omnes tamen valentes etiam sunt validi, valenterque operari possunt; invalentia debilitat quosdam, ad quam sensim tollendam valet labor. Quanti valet liber hic? An aequivalet alteri? Estne valore eodem? An illi praevalet? Valetudinarius (valetudine afflictā) eat in valetudinarium, ubi varii morbi curantur. Sed cum incipiet revalescere, adhuc invalidus cautê agat ut valescat (et invalescat) sensim, donec penitus convalescat. Tu valde sollicitus esto, ut eruditio et virtus in te evalescat! Atque vale.

VALGUS, praecassis pedibus.

Validus, v. Valere.

VALLIS (vel valles; vallecula, vallicula), planities inter duos montes decurrens. Convallis undique montibus circumdata.

VALLUM, munimentum ex aggesta terra cui insuper adduntur valli (h. e. pali humi defixi) per certa intervalla. Apud Romanos si quis bene vallatam (obvallatam) civitatem primus conscendit, donabatur vallari coronā.

VALVAE (valvarum), fores bipatentes; unde bivalvis pulmo; et valvulus, fabae loculamentum.

VANELLUS, avis cirrata.

VANNUS (f.) est ventilabrum, quō evannamus avenam.

VANUS (vacuus usu) labor vanescit; et gaudium innixum vanitati, quia est evanidum, evanescit. Tu igitur nihil age in vanum.

VAPOR (halitus rei humidus) venit e locis vapidis, quae vaporant ultro; in vaporario (-um, i. e. balneum) excitatur igne. Vappa est vinum, cuius virtus evaporavit, hoc est vaporatione periit.

VAPULARE, verberari.

VARIA verba (i. e. multiformia) requiruntur, et flexa variê, ad exprimendam varietatem rerum. Tu igitur variare sermonem disce. Morbus variolorum infestat infantes.

VARIX (-icis, m. et f.), vena cruore plena.

VARUS venator, habens crura deorsum diducta, potest quidem retia erigere super varas (seu varos, i. e. pérticas furcillatas); si tamen ea nescit recte divaricare, et obvaricare feris, praevaricatur. In iudicio praevaricator dicitur, qui colludit cum adversario.

VAS (vadis, m.) est sponsor in causa capitali, quem vadatur iudex, i. e. obstringit vadimonio; et tunc vadatus vadit.

VAS (vasis, n., plur. vasa), receptaculum portatile cuiuscumque rei. Vasarium (vasorum supellex) conficit vascularius; convasat autem qui migrare parat.

VASALLUS (s. a. v.), cliens, alienorum bonorum possessor.

VASTAE fiunt (desertae) regiones, etiam vastissimae (i. e. amplissimae), si permittantur bellō vastari a vastatoribus. Quali vastatione in taetram vastitatem (vastitudinem) venerunt tot regna, vastê devastata (evastata, pervastata).

VATES, praedicens futura, vaticinatur. Finis autem vaticiniorum est, ut praemoniti oremus.

VATIUS (et vatrax, et vatricosus), pedibus medio extortis.

Ve, coniunctio, v. Vel.

VE, adiectio, aut minuit, aut negat. Vide in Cor, Grandis, Iovis, Pallidus, Sanus.

Vectigal, v. Vehere.

VECTIS, palus quo aliquid tollit vectiarius.

VEGETUS animus (qui bene viget) vegetat totum corpus. Res vegetabiles accipiunt vegetationem suam a ventis.

Vehemens, v. Mens.

VEHIT, qui sublimê portat; vehitur, qui portatur. Seu id fiat vectario equo, seu vectoriā navi, seu aliō vectabulo, facit vector. Maximum vehiculum terrestre plaustrum est, quō vehes faeni aut vehes vini vectatur. Qui facit vecturam, quaerit vecturam; quia et ipse solvit vectigal, cum devehit merces vectigales. Usus vectionum varius est, in advehendis, convehendis, invehendis, et revehendis necessariis; avehendis autem, seu evehendis, alioque transvehendis non necessariis. Qui circumvehuntur navibus, debent provehi (subvehi) e portu, supervehi abyssum, praetervehi insulas, donec pervehantur quo tendunt. Qui res subvectant terrā, habent difficultates per loca provecta, convexa aut devexa. Sed oratione invehi in alios, praesertim aetate provectos, non laudatur; orationes invectivae produnt vehementiam animi.

VEL, coniunctio disiunctiva (N. cum postponitur amittit l), adverbium permissivum, sic: Mane, vel abi. Vel hoc elige, vel illud. Hoc illudve elige. Non credis? Abi vel statim.

VELAMUS (occultamus involvendo) velō, quod volumus esse praevelatum. Sed conscientia non reperit velamen, quō advelet (convelet) facinora sua: develabuntur omnia. Nautae expandunt vela funibus velaribus, et velificant.

VELES (-itis, miles levi armaturā) velitaribus armis velitatur, lacessens velitatione hostem ad pugnam.

VELLE bonum, nolle (&quot;non velle&quot;) malum, malleque (&quot;magis velle&quot;) melius, sapientis est; plenā volentiā vult subesse voluntati Dei, sicut volones, hoc est voluntarii milites, pugnant voluntariê pro dominis suis. Non vis? Volens nolens (velis nolis) debebis. Benevolus (vel benevolens) agens benevolê meretur benevolentiam; malevolus malevolentiam.

VELLERE solet (radicitus exuere) runcator zizania; sive convellendo et evellendo omnia noxia, sive intervellendo saltem magis noxia. Legulus avellit ab arbore poma, aut devellit cum termite. Chirurgus revellit crines vulsellā (volsellā), quae vulsura non sine dolore fit. Ventus autem convellit aedificia, divellit trabeationes, pervellitque omnia. Convulsio membrorum vellicat corpus molestā vellicatione.

VELLUS (-eris n.), lana ex ove vulsa, conglobata.

VELOX (utens celeritate) tabellarius currit velociter, nec tamen superat velocitate praevelocem equum.

Velum v. Velare.

Velut, v. Ut.

VENA secatur valetudinis causa. Vulnus in intervenio (-um) sanatur facile. Venulae sunt in folio venoso. Per venas silvae (h. e. meatūs) venatur venator feras, instructus venabulo, et venaticis canibus, venatoriisque retibus, saepe tamen irrito venatu; sicut et qui scrutantur venas metallicas.

Venalis, Vendere, Vendicare, v. Venum.

Venari, v. Vena.

VENENUM, et medicinas venenatas (exitiosas) parat venenarius; venenosa autem vipera morsu venenat. Veneficus et venefica exercent veneficiam.

VENERARI debes (ob amorem colere) viros venerabiles veneranter debitā veneratione, immo et venerabundus devenerari.

VÉNETUS color, subcaeruleus.

VENIAM habes (i.) abeundi? Abi bonā cum veniā. Veniam petis culpae? Dabitur si culpa est venialis.

Venire, pro Venale esse, v. Venum.

VENIRE (accedere) ad amicum aliquando, gratum est; ventitare singulis horis, odiosum. Advena in civitate est qui aliunde advenit solus. Convenae conveniunt e diversis locis, aliique alios anteveniunt (praeveniunt). Grati adventores excipiuntur adventoriā cenā. Adventicia bona obveniunt aliquando fortuito interventu. Convenire amicum, aut convenire plures in unum, et convenire super aliquā re amicê, convenit legibus amicitiae. Hosti autem conveniens est contravenire, eumque convenienter circumvenire. Sed devenientibus in angustias foederatis non subvenire, disconvenit conventioni foederis, talisque inconvenientia male evenit sociis. Non inconvenienter hîc te monebo quaedam. Adventus amici gratus tibi sit, praesertim si revenit e periculo. Conventūs sacros ama, conventicula malorum fuge. Si supervenis litigantibus, intervenire non gravator. Si quid amissum invenisti, redde illi cuius est. Si quid novum invenisti ne insolesce ob inventionem, nec te esse inventorem iacta, nam alius adinveniet aliquid melius: omnia inventa hunc habent eventum. Proventūs tuos, qui tibi quotannis proveniunt, inscribe inventario. Ecce, pervenimus hîc quoque ad finem.

VENTER (-ris) est receptaculum alimentorum, quae coquuntur in ventriculo (habet et cor cerebrumque suos ventriculos). Ventrosis (vel ventriosis) opus est ventrali, hoc est praecinctorio.

VENTUS flat in quibusdam ventosis locis semper; ventulum excitamus flabello. Ventilat ventilator frumentum trituratum ventilabrō, ut eventilet paleas.

VENUM it (seu venit), quicquid venundatur, ut omnis merx venalis (venalicia, vendibilis). Qui rem vendit, venditat eam quomodo potest; qui emit, vendicat sibi. Pater familias non debet esse emax, sed vendax; ut quicquid supra usum sibi est, divendat, emptum etiam sine usu revendat.

VENUS (-eris, f.) in coelo, venusta stella est. Veneres gestuum conciliant actionibus venustatem. Venus inter deas figmentum est. Venus lasciva et vita venerea sunt invenusta, devenustantes hominem in conspectu Dei.

VEPRES (spinae) crescunt in vepreto.

VER, seu tempus vernum, facit ut omnia vernent (h. e. vireant). Vernō etiam vernix (est gummi iuniperi) colligitur. Vervactum est arvum actum vernali tempore, ut quiescat ad autumnum. September, October, November, December menses sunt (septimus, octavus, nonus, decimus a vere).

Verax, v. Verus.

VERBER est fustis rudior, quō verberamus verberonem; ut qui non curat verba, curet verbera. Sed transverberare illum, aut ad mortem usque deverberare (vel converberare), vel diverberare illi membra fas non est. Pellio dum adverberat pelles, everberat tineas.

VERBUM parvum, verbulum est. Verbosa oratio sapientem non decet, tametsi ornamenta verbalia, adverbia, diverbia et proverbia suum locum habent.

VEREDUS, equus meritorius publicus, quō veredarius currit celeriter.

VERETUR (observat et metuit) puer verecundus omnes verendas personas; quae verecundia laudabilis est. Inverecundus neminem verecundatur. Tu reverere omnes reverenter, imprimis reverendos spirituales, cum se dignê reverentiā suā gerunt.

VERGIT sol ad occasum, a meridie.

VERMES in ventre verminosi excitant vermina (seu verminationem). Vermiculi sub cortice arboris faciunt eam vermiculosam.

VERNA (natus domi servus, vel verna) adhibetur ad opera vernacula (domestica), loquiturque linguā vernaculā; quaerens placere vernili blanditie suā verniliter (seu vernaliter).

Vernix, et Vernus, v. Ver.

Vero, v. Verum.

VERPUS, medius in manu digitus.

VERRERE, (1.) trahere, (2.) scopis purgare. Piscator verrit per aquas verriculum (rete maius). Converritor verrit scopis domum, aut verriculo (everriculo) vestes. Stabularius ut habeat stabulum versum, converrat fimum, et everrat quotidie.

VERRES, porcus non castratus; caro verrina dura est.

VERRUCAS habet (tubercula dura cutis) verrucosus.

VERRUNCARE, antiquis Vertere: hinc averruncare = avertere.

VERTAGUS, canis venaticus velox.

VERTERE est situm rei mutare; quomodo nautae vertunt versabilia vela, ope versoriae, variā versurā, cum opus est versare navem; praesertim cum versantur in periculo a verticibus (seu vorticibus) ventorum, aut verticibus aquarum, in locis verticosis. Tum enim convertunt versatilem navem, quam celeri possunt vertigine, versus locum ubi tutum est, navisque rectê versa effugit periculum. Sed oportet nautas esse versatos, qui sciant in tali casu versari, neque patiantur vertiginem, cum se vident a versabundo turbine circumverti, et metus eversionis aut subversionis est. Requiritur etiam, ut sint versuti corpore, et versuti animo, ad inveniendum versutê consilium.

Sic alibi: Qui avertere vult periculum (quamquam praestat antevertere, seu praevertere) advertat animum, seu animadvertat in omnia, ut convertat in usum suum quicquid potest. Raro se obvertit nobis infelicitas sic, quin mens obversa quoquō, ostendat remedia, etiam diversa, quae diversimodê adhiberi possunt. Quā diversitate mediorum si uti scit vir prudens, invenit rerum conversionem (inversionem).

Cum quis in itinere declinat aliquid, divertitā via, cum se vult reficere, divertit in diversorium (deversorium), acceptus diversor, si ante quoque ibi diversari consuevit. Qui festinat in via, non deflectit ad diverticula, et cavet, ne illum transvertant viae transversae, aut divortia, viarum. (Sed divortia coniugum peiora sunt.) Ut singuli versus scribantur singulis versiculis, bonum inventum est.

Qui est averso animo in aliquem, aversatur illum, et fugit conversationem eius; aut sibi adversatur, et inter se controversantur. Ortā vero controversiā, de re controversā non desinunt controvertere etiam absentes. Nam adversator nactus adversarium, consignat adversus illum in adversariis suis quicquid potest, ut obversentur oculis suis, quaecumque serviunt evertendo illi, aut intervertendis commodis eius. Quinimmo adversitas illa saepe mentem eius pervertit, ut perversê agat cum proximo, convertatque omnia eius in sensum perversum; sed in talem perversitatem advertendum (animadvertendum) est, ut revertatur in gratiam cum proximo. Adde: vertebra est in dorso, verticulum (verticillum) apud netricem, verticale punctum in caelo, Vertumnus inconstans est, etc.

'''Composita ex Versus = erga.'''

Seorsim (seorsum) recensebo quaedam. Si quaeris, quorsum ire debeas, intelliges, si respondebitur: horsum vel istorsum, antrorsum (prorsum) vel retrorsum (retrorsus), sursum vel deorsum, dextrorsum (dextrorsus) vel sinistrorsum (laevorsus), introrsum vel extrorsum. At si dicit, aliorsum (alioversum) vel prorsum rursum, parum te informat.

VERU (veruculum) versando assamus carnem. Verutum est hasta cuspidata.

VERUM progrediamur. Ego vero malim respirare, enimvero lassus sum. Nec vero solus ego, alii quoque. Quasi vero nesciam te ignavum esse. Verumtamen (verumenimvero) pergamus.

VERUS amicus (non falsus) demonstrat verê veritatem amicitiae, amore verō (non fucato); estque verax, loquitur de amico veraciter. Ita est reverā.

Vervactum, v. Ver.

VERVEX (aries castratus) dat carnem vervecinam.

Vesanus, v. Sanus.

VESCIMUR lubenter rebus vescis (ad cibum aptis), si non veniant ab animali vesco (vesculo, macilento).

VESICA, bulla membranacea; vesica urinaria; vesica destillatoria.

VESPA, insectum volatile.

VESPER (et vesperus et vespera), ultima pars diei, prima noctis. Non semper vesperê (vel vesperi) vesperus seu vesperugo stella, conspicitur. Semper autem postquam sol in plaga vesperali occidit, incipit vesperare (advesperascere vel invesperascere), caligoque vespera (vespertina) prodit, et vespertilio aestate provolat.

VESPILLO, cadaverum (vesperi) exportator.

VESTA, terra; terrae dea gentilibus, cui sacratae virgines fuerunt vestales.

Vester, v. Vos.

VESTIBULUM, locus ante ianuam domūs.

VESTIGIUM, pedis signum; per quae vestigat (investigat) feras vestigator, ut pervestiget (et evestiget).

VESTIS tegit corpus nostrum; vestimenta iacent in arca vestiaria divitis; vestitum peculiarem habet quaelibet ferê gens, dum se aliter vestit (convestit) quam aliae. Investis puer nondum circumvestitur. Viator a latronibus devestitur. Vestispicus in balneo est. Investitura fit honoris causa, cum quis pallio novae dignitatis supervestitur.

VETAT, qui dictis prohibet, ne quid fiat. Tu res a Deo vetitas cave.

Veteranus, Veterator, Veternus, v. Vetus.

VETERINUM iumentum (vecturae idoneum) si aegrotat, curatur a veterinario medicinā veterinariā.

VETUS (g. o.), multae aetatis. De homine et rebus dicitur, ut: Veteres calceos, aliaque veteramenta, reficit veteramentarius. Milites veterani plerumque sunt vetuli et veteratores, gnari alios deludere veteratoriis insidiis, veteratoriê. Quos vetustescere in nequitiis, et esse inveteratos ad malum, opinio inveteravit. Vetulae solent narrare vetustas fabulas; et quia vetustas infirmat omnia, affliguntur veternō, veternosaeque moriuntur.

VEXARE (ludificare) iucundum, vexari molestum est; sed vexatio dat intellectum. Vexatores tamen aliorum divexabuntur et ipsi, quantō plus convexant alios.

VEXILLUM praefert vexillator vexillationi suae.

VIA (q. e. &quot;veha&quot;) est, quā currūs eunt. Stellulae in caelo faciunt viam lacteam. De viis publicis sunt leges viariae. Si viator habet ante se viam longam, instruat se viatico et supellectile viatoria. Caveat loca devia, ne deviet; multo magis avia (invia), ut et impervia. Silva pervia non seducet, si habebit ducem praevium. In bivio interroget obvios (qui veniunt obviam, seu obviant). In trivio multi conveniunt: hinc triviale dicitur, quicquid ubivis obvenit, ut schola trivialis.

VIBEX (seu vibix), signum verberis.

VIBRAT (agitando tremefacit) miles hastam, cum eam evibrare molitur. Vibrissae narium respirando tremunt. Musicus vibrissat vocem grata vibratione.

Vicarius et Vices, v. Vix.

Vicenus, v. Viginti.

VICIA (legumen equis gratum) purgatur viciariō cribro.

Vicissim, v. Vix.

Victima, Victor, v. Vincere.

Victus, v. Vivere.

VICUS (via urbis utrinque saepta aedificiis) habeat vicinos vicinali concordiā iunctos. In vicinia, h. e. per vicinos urbi vicos et viculos, habitant vicatim vicani homines.

Videlicet, v. Licet, 1.

VIDET visus noster quicquid est visibile; ad invisibilia non pertingit oculorum visio. Rem evidentem ob evidentiam evidenter pervidet. Tu autem vis visere, quid amicus agat? Vise, advise (vel invise) illum, et revise, aut saltem intervise. Sed qui ex officio visitat visitatione statā, et quoties opus esse videtur revisitat, visitator est. Invidus oculus ínvidet bonis proximi (immo habet ipsum invîsum), sed suo malo, quia invídia urit ipsum invidiosum. Deus praevidet omnia, ne quid improvisō veniat. Providaque ipsius providentia prōvidet semper nobis imprōvidis. Sed et prōvidens provîsor, cui aliorum provisio demandata est, provîsat quoque in futurum.

VIDULUS, saccus coriaceus.

VIDUUS et vidua vivunt in tristi viduitate, et quisque viduatus consorte suo.

VIET (flectendo vincit) vietor ex vieto vimine (h. e. vitilibus virgis, potissimum e viminali salice) viminea vasa, ut corbes etc. Item vietor (doliarius) circumdat dolia vimineis circulis.

VIGET corpus sanum vigore nativo, vigescitque magis bene pastum. Oculus autem vigilis vigilis (h. e. vigilantis nocturni custodis) vigilat, sicut et praefecti vigilum, dum obit vigilias. Mater advigilat (invigilat) saluti liberorum tam vigilanter (tantā vigilantiā), ut non solum facile evigilet, sed et totam noctem intervigilet, immo aliquando pervigilet.

VIGINTI numeras milites? Vigesimus erit ultimus, omnesque facient vicenarium (sc. numerum). Si vicies viceni incedunt, quadringenti sunt. Vicesima (sc. bonorum pars) tributum est tolerabile.

VILE frumentum est, cum abundat; emitur enim vili (sc. pretio), cum eviluit ob vilitatem. Animae viles magnifaciunt mundanas nugas, sed tibi vilescant.

VILLAM (domum agrestem) gubernans vîlicus (seu villicus) cum vilica, vilicantur (villam colunt), sed reddunt rationem vilicationis suae. Gallinae villares, aliaque villana pecora, necessaria ibi sunt, sicut et villatici canes.

VILLUS, pilus in animali villoso longior et convolutus.

Vimen, v. Viere.

VINCERE (superare) hostem, victoria est. Quae parit victori et victorioso exercitui gloriam, victo autem ignominiam; praesertim si se iactabat esse invincibilem (seu invictum), nunc vero agnoscens se fuisse vincibilem, potuisseque devinci erubescit. Similiter fit, cum quis pervicax dat poenam pervicaciae suae. Dum enim pervicaciter agit, semperque pervincere quaerit, convincitur (vel revincitur) aliquando apertê, ut convictus obmutescat; aut facta evictione possessione cedere cogatur. Victimae (oblationes pro victoria) debentur Deo.

VINCIRE maleficum vinculo, et conicere in vincula, praevinciendo (revinciendo) illi manus, iustum est. Arbor circumvincitur vinctu stramineo adversus formicas. Tu tibi amicum devincias officiis.

Vinculum, v. Vincire.

Vindemia, v. Vinum.

VINDICAT (ulciscitur) illatam vim iustus vindex iustā vindictā, et vindicat (h. e. liberat) ab oppressione illum, qui postulat vindicias.

VINUM unde est? Ex vinea. Quomodo? Conserit vinitor in terra vineali et colle vineario vinetum, quod subinde putat falce vinitoriā (vineatica). Cum adest tempus vindemiae (vini demendi) vindemiat, h. e. colligit fructus vindemiales per vindemiatores (seu vindemitores) in vasa vindemiatoria. Exprimiturque ex vinaceis dulce villum (NB. diminutivê), quod infusum in dolia vinaria emit vinarius (sc. negotiator), venditque in taberna vinaria; quō concurrunt vinosi vinipotores, quos vinolentia stimulat.

VIOLA nascitur primo vere in violario. Violarius inficit pannos colore violaceo.

Violare, v. Vis.

VIPERA (venatissimus anguis) vivos parit foetus, non ova. Venenum vipereum (vel viperinum) immedicabile.

VIRI et viragines sunt virili animo. Semiviri et evirati nihil agunt viriliter. Patescit autem tum virilitas cum congrediuntur viritim. Magistratūs quidam in civitate administrantur per duumviros, triumviros, decemviros, centumviros etc., qui res gerunt potestate duumvirali, triumvirali, decemvirali, centumvirali etc., tempore duumviratūs, triumviratūs etc. sui.

VIRET gramen viride, et arbores dum vere virescunt. Delectat te grata oculis viriditas? Exito in vireta (virecta) aut viridantia prata, vel alia viridicata loca. Aut ingredere viridarium, quod ut amoenê revirescat quotannis, curat viridarius.

VIRGAS petit virgator (qui virgis caedit) ex virgeto (virgulto), ut inde paret virgeas ferulas. Virga Mercurii (virgula divina) manu gestata indicat metalla metallicis.

VIRGO custodiat virginitatem virginali pudore, quem rubor virgineus ostendit; ne conspecta sit virginaria temeritas.

Viridis, v. Virere.

VIRTUS (-utis), vis, robur; robur in bono.

VIRUS (g. n.), sudor sub ala viri virosi (lascivi) male olens, et in genere venenum. Serpentes per se sunt virulenti.

VIS (nomen; plur. vires, dimin. vireculae). Vis animi augescit, dum vires corporis virescunt. Qui pro consilio adhibet vim, violat etiam res sacras, inviolabiles, violentus violator, puniendus ob violentiam.

Vis (verbum), v. Velle.

VIS, adiectio indifferentiam significans. Ut: Quivis princeps, et quantusvis, quamvis possit movere bellum, non tamen debet ob quidvis; nec ducere exercitum, quantumvis sit magnus, quōvis, aut quāvis, quia non est tutum ubivis.

VISCUS (et viscum) est stirpicula supercrescens ramis arborum; ex cuius viscidis (viscosis) baccis fit viscus (vel viscum), gluten aucupum, qui aves capiunt viscatis calamis.

VISCUS (-eris, n.), internum corporis membrum; quae visceratim eximere, est animal eviscerare. Antiquis visceratio fuit in sollemnitate funerali crudae carnis distributio.

Visere, Visitare, Visus, v. Videre.

VISIRE, emittere flatum ventris tacitum.

Vita, v. Vivere.

VITA (declina) omnia suspecta, si vis evitare pericula. At invîtat aliquis pulchro invitamento? Eo magis devita ipsam quoque invitationem. Aut si accedis invitus (vel invitê) et accessus est inevitabilis, vide ut periculum tamen sit evitabile.

VITELLUS, pars ovi rubra.

VITILIGO, macula serpens in cute.

Vitilitigare, v. Lis.

Vitilis, v. Viere.

VITIS (viticula), frutex vitifer, melior est ac vitis spinifera. Folia vitea (vitiginea) sunt perampla.

VITIUM (indebitus modus) corporis reddit hominem vitiosum; non tamen meretur convitium, tametsi vitiositas tanta sit, ut opera vitiet. Sed vitium animi dat convitiatori veram causam convitiandi, cum illa sit vitiositas, quā vitiamus nos ipsos, reddimusque simul alios vitiosos.

VITRICUS, maritus matris, post obitum patris.

VITRUM, et vitrea pocula aliaque vitreamina, facit vitrarius. Vitriolum est parvum vitrum, et succus aeris, similis vitro.

VITTA, velum lineum, quo adstringebantur comae, sic vittati (adstricti).

VITULUS (novellus bos) et vitula, dant vitulinam carnem.

VITUPERIUM est vitii opprobrium. Tu ergo vitupera quicquid vituperabile est.

VIVUS vivit, redivivus revixit (a Revivisco), semivivus est semimortuus. Vividus (vitae plenus) est vivax, pervivit diu, provivit longius, vivit etiam a morbo, supervivit aliis. In vivario sunt pisces, in vivario ferae. Ova avium vivescunt dum a vivifico spiritu, incubitu matrum vivificantur. Vita accipit virtutem vitalem, et vitalitatem ab alimentis, seu victu; victitamus enim victualibus. Convictores convivunt eodem convictu; sed convivae convivantur invitati ab eodem convivatore ad idem convivium, seu conviviales (convivales) epulas.

VIVERRA, mustela maior.

VIX fieri potest, ut fiant omnia unā vice, sed diversis vicibus. Nec unus potest omnia, praestamus nobis vicem (auxiliatricem operam), dum alter agit vice (in loco) alterius. Ideo sunt vicarii praestantes vicariam operam. Sed et res omnes sibi invicem serviunt, per vices; hinc rerum vicissitudo, dum quod abiit, redit vicissim.

Vocare, v. Vox.

VOLA, cavitas manūs.

VOLAT, aut etiam huc illuc volitat omnis volucris, seu volucre (volātile, volāticum) animal, vario volatu (volaturā). Nam avolant et rursum advolant, subvolant in arbores, et devolant. Provolant e nidis, circumvolant, revolantque ad nidos. Evolant e silva, pervolant campos, involant pascua, convolantque agminatim, unā praevolante (antevolante). Sicubi habent obviam arborem, hanc aliae praetervolant, aliae pervolant, aliae subvolant, aliae supervolant, et sic omnes transvolant.

Volones, v. Velle.

Volsella, v. Vellere.

Volumen, v. Volvere.

Voluntas, v. Velle.

VOLUP est in voluptate vivere, et voluptuosê voluptari (voluptuari) homini voluptario (voluptuario). Sed verê voluptabilis sola virtus est.

VOLVIT arator rotundum volvulum in arvo, dum eum supervolvens glebis, provolvit et revolvit volubiliter, si bene volubilis. Volvit (i. e. plicat) pannifex volumen panni. Volvit (complicat) item chartopaeus volumen chartae minus, e quinis et vicenis plagulis; et ex his viginti volumen maius; et ex decem volumen maximum, obvolvens illa debitis involūcris. Libros olim faciebant ex agglutinatis sibi invicem (in longum) chartis; tum convolvebant et fuit volumen, quod lecturi revolvebant et evolvebant ac legendo pervolvebant rursumque involvebant. Sus volutaris volutat se in volutabro, gratā sibi volutatione. At miser, qui laborat volvulo (morbo intestinorum pessimo) nam volutatim se volutat; aut prae dolore lectulo devolvit et in terra circumvolvit aut tristi volutatione pedibus alicuius advolvit, vel ad genua se provolvit implorans commiserationem. Volvox (vermis rodens vites) involvit se pampinis.

VOMER, ferrum aratri.

VOMERE si placet, excitabunt vomitum medicamenta vomitoria, ut vomitando evomes id, quod gravat ventriculum. Saepius tamen revomere insalubre est.

VOMICA, radix ulceris.

VORAT (cibum non masticatum deglutit) carnivora bestia, ut et homo vorax voraciter; et tamen devorans tanta vorator, non plus explet voracitatem, quam vorago in flumine, vel alius voraginosus locus.

Vortex, v. Vertex, in Vertere.

VOS audite, vobis loquor, vestrum interest. Ah melius curate vestram vestratiumque salutem.

VOVES aliquid a Deo? Votum est, obligans te ad exsolvendam rem votivam (votam, devotam) Deo. Devovere diris aliquem et optare devotionem non convenit devoto (i. e. religioso, s. a. v.) homini. Electiones magistratuum fiunt alicubi per vota.

VOX (gen. Vocis) sonora, seu os vocale convenit oratori; lenis vocula exilem habet vocalitatem. Litterae vocales et semivocales faciunt claras syllabas, et voces, quibus vocamus res singulas, unamquamque suo vocamine. Sed vocabulum unívocum (quo unica res vocatur) melius est quam aequívocum (quod aequaliter plura significat, eoque ambiguum). Cum aliquem vocamus ad nos, non opus est vocatorem vociferari: vociferatione utuntur irati. Advocas tibi aliquem? Vide ne avoces a melioribus, noceasque illi avocamentis tuis; nisi advocas, et ad defensionem causae tuae invocas, advocatum. Si tibi agendum est cum aliquo singulariter, êvoca illum, et intrōvoca ad te, aut sêvoca in secessum. Si quem provocas, ne sis provocator ad pugnam, sed ad officia. Provoco ad Deum, quod haec sit irrevocabilis voluntas eius, ut revocemus nos invicem a contentionibus, et convocemus ad concordiam. Haec est Christiana vocatio nostra.

VULGUS (promiscua hominum multitudo, n. et m.) vivit vulgariter, vulgari more. Si quid novi rescit, illico vulgat; etiam si prohibeas, evulgat tamen. Rumor vulgo sparsus, divulgatur (pervulgatur) celerrimê. Magistratus quod vulgum scire vult, promulgat (NB. v mutatur in m).

VULNUS facit, qui vulnerat. Sanat autem vulnerarius emplastris vulnerariis.

VULPES, fera astuta; cuius vulpinam vafritiem imitari, vulpinari est.

Vulsura, v. Vellere.

VULTUR (et vulturio, m.) raptat aviculas. Vulturius homo vulturinā rapacitate dispoliat homines.

VULTUS, faciei humanae figura; vultuosus homo, severi vultūs.

VULVA, uterus.

==X et Z==

Ab X et Z incipientia peregrina sunt. Quae mox in [[#Residuum Lexici Ianualis, Vocum Peregrinarum Ianuae Inspersarum|Lexici Residuo]] videbis.

==Voces Derivandi et Componendi Artificium, Regulis Inclusum==

1. Ita est silva Latinarum vocum.

2. Quam ut transires non ut spinetum, sed ut hortulum, reduximus verba in contextum sermonis, enarrantem aliquid.

3. Ut unaquaeque radix, cum derivatis et composits suis, staret sicut arbor quaedam, convestita suis ramis.

4. Unum restat: ut artem voces derivandi et componendi addiscas, per certas regulas.

5. Ne pigeat: res erit boni usūs.

===De Vocibus Derivatis===

6. Cum radici adicitur terminatio quaedam syllabica, per se nihil significans (ut -ax -eus -ilis -men -osus -tor -trix -tio -tivus etc.), dicitur ''vox derivata''. Ut Emo, Emax, Emptor, Emptrix, Emptio, Émptito, Emticius, etc.

7. Tales ergo terminationes ubi addantur, et quo sensu ac usu, ut addiscas, attende!

&lt;big&gt;''De Vocibus Derivatis a Nomine (seu Denominativis)''&lt;/big&gt;

8. Quando radix est nomen, formantur ab illo (variā terminatione) I. Alia Nomina, II. Adnomina, III. Verba, IV. Adverbia.

'''I. Nomina octuplicia'''

9. (1) Nomen diminutum, rem talem parvulam significans, addito -lus -la -lum. Ut: Homo &gt; Homulus, Femina &gt; Femella, Verbum &gt; Verbulum.

&lt;small&gt;(Observationes. 1. Quaedam secundo et tertio diminuuntur. Ut: Liber &gt; Libellus &gt; Libellulus. Puer &gt; Puerulus &gt; Puellus &gt; Puellulus, etc. 2. Desinentia in -aster contemptum significant, ut Medicus &gt; Medicaster, Poeta &gt; Poetaster, etc.)&lt;/small&gt;

10. (2) A nominibus plantarum formatur nomen in -etum, significans locum ubi abundê crescunt, ut Arboretum, Dumetum.

11. (3) A nomine membri humani formant Latini nomen in -o, significans habentem tale membrum grande, ut Naso, Bucco, Capito.

12. (4) A nominibus statuum et officiorum fit nomen in -atus, significans dignitatem illius statūs, ut Principatus, Dominatus, etc.

13. (5) A nominibus personarum, dum consociantur, fit nomen collectivum, terminatum in -itas: Sodalitas, Fraternitas, Civitas, etc.

14. (6) A nominibus sectariorum fit nomen sectae in -ismus: Judaismus, Gentilismus, etc.

15. (7) A nominibus alimentorum fit nomen in -arium, significans locum ubi asservantur: Granarium, Pomarium, Panarium, etc.

16. (8) A nominibus utensilium fit nomen opificis, talia efficientis, in -arius: ut Serrarius, Murarius, etc.

&lt;small&gt;(Pauca quaedam aliter, ut Pileo, Pannifex; non vero Pilearius, Pannarius.)&lt;/small&gt;

'''II. Adnomina novemplicia'''

17. (1) A nomine materiae (ex qua quid fit) formatur adnomen in -eus, rem inde factam designans: ut Ligneus, Lapideus, Vitreus, etc.

18. (2) A nominibus animalium formantur in -inus denotantia aliquid quod illius animalis est: ut Aquilinus (unguis), Caninus (dens), Cancrinae (chelae), etc.

19. (3) Quod autem venit ab herbis et arboribus, exit in -inus (i brevi): Faginus (axis), Cannabinus (funis), etc.

20. (4) A nominibus locorum fiunt adnomina in -anus, quaedam et in -estis, vel -estris: ut Mundanus, Montanus, Romanus, Caelestis, Terrestris, etc. Item a nominibus urbium in -ensis: Budensis, Patakiensis, etc.

21. (5) A nominibus membrorum facimus quaedam in -atus, vel -itus, et -utus, significantia rem tali membro praeditam: ut Capitatus, Auritus, Nasutus.

22. (6) A nominibus vestium fit itidem in -atus, vel -itus, sic indutum significans: ut Palliatus, Pellitus, etc.

23. (7) A nominibus statuum oriuntur adnomina in -ius -arius -aris -alis -ilis: ut Praetorius, Gregarius, Militaris, Maritalis, Servilis.

24. (8) A nominibus rerum, quas aliquid habet in se substantialiter, formatur adnomen in -osus, significans earum copiam: ut Carnosus, Pilosus, Montosa (regio), Lapidosa (terra), etc.

25. (9) Sin est accidentarium, cuius multum adesse dicere volumus, utimur eodem -osus, aut -lentus: ut Aerumnosus, Lutulentus, Luculentus, Somnolentus, etc.

'''III. Verbum duplex'''

26. (1) Venit quoque a nomine verbum activum, in -are: ut Lactare, Lapidare, etc.

27. (2) Et verbum passivum in -escere: ut Lactescere, Lapidescere, etc.

'''IV. Adverbium duplex'''

28. (1) Saepe fit a nomine adverbium in -itus, cum significatione intimi cuiusdam modi: ut Radicitus, Funditus, Caelitus, etc.

29. (2) Item in -atim vel -itim, cum significatione ordinis: ut Gradatim, Ostiatim, Generatim, Viritim, etc.

&lt;big&gt;''De Derivatis ab Adnomine''&lt;/big&gt;

30. Quando thema est adnomen, formantur hinc sequentia.

31. (1) Adverbium in -e, vel -o, vel -ter: ut Pulcher &gt;	Pulchrê, Serius &gt; Seriō, Tenuis &gt; Tenuiter.

32. (2) Nomen abstractum, desinens in -or, vel -tas -ia -edo -ugo -itudo -imonia: ut Amaror, Paupertas, Miseria, Albedo, Salsugo, Pulchritudo, Sanctimonia (vel Sanctimonitas).

33. (3) Verbum triplex: essentiale, activum, et passivum. Ut Albus &gt; Albere, Albare, Albescere.

34. (4) Quandoque, adnomen diminutum, in -lus aut -iusculus. Ut Albus &gt; Albulus, Longus &gt; Longiusculus.

35. (5) Ab adnomine numerali veniunt alia numeralia quinque classium:

36. Primum, quo significamus quotum quid sit: desinens in -us, vel -tus, vel -esimus. Ut Decimus, Sextus, Centesimus, etc.

37. Secundum, quotuplex, semper desinens in -plex. Ut Simplex, Duplex, Triplex, etc.

38. Tertio, quotuplum (h. e. quoties plus continens) in -plus: Simplus, Duplus, Triplus, etc.

39. Quarto, quoteni simul, in -ni: Bini, Trini (seu Terni), Quaterni, etc.

40. Quinto, quot generum, in -farius: Multifarius, Plurifarius, Omnifarius.

41. Ab his vero numeralibus adnominibus veniunt quoque adverbia sua. A primo in -ies: Quoties? Quinquies, Decies, Centies, etc.

&lt;small&gt;(NB. Illud -ies incipit demum in Quinque. Prius dicimus, Semel, Bis, Ter, Quater.)&lt;/small&gt;

42. A secundo in -pliciter: Quotupliciter? Dupliciter, etc.

43. A tertio in -plo: Duplo, Triplo, etc.

44. A quartis non fiunt adverbia, a quintis fiunt in -fariam: Bifariam, Trifariam, Multifariam, etc.

&lt;big&gt;''De Vocibus Derivatis a Verbo''&lt;/big&gt;

45. Verbum est radix valde fecunda, quia gignit ex se I. Quintuplicia Nomina, II. Sextuplicia Adnomina, III. Totidemque Adverbia, et IV. Quadruplicia Verba.

'''I. Nomen Verbale Quintuplex'''

46. Primum est nomen actionis, desinens ordinarie in -io, aliquando in -or, vel -us. Ut: Auditio, Clamor, Ductus (nam Clamatio et Ductio non dicitur).

47. Secundum, nomen actoris, in -or, et actricis in -trix: ut Auditor, Auditrix.

48. Tertium, nomen instrumenti, quō talis actio peragitur: ordinariê in -men, vel -mentum, aliquando in -bulum -culum -trum -ula. Ut: Ligamen (et Ligamentum), Venabulum, Offendiculum, Aratrum, Regula, etc.

49. Quartum nomen est rei motu factae, in -ura: ut Factura, Creatura, Pictura, etc.

50. Quintum est loci, ubi res talis peragitur, desinens in -trina, vel -trinum, vel -torium: Textrina, Pistrinum, Dormitorium, etc.

'''II. Adnomen Verbale Sextuplex'''

51. Primum est participium: in -ns et -rus activum, in -us et -ndus passivum. Ut Amans, Amaturus; Amatus, Amandus.

52. Participio simile est adnomen in -bundus, significans eum qui nunc in actione est: Properabundus, Cunctabundus, Moribundus, etc.

53. Tertium in -bilis, vel -ilis, significans illum in quem actio talis exerceri potest: ut Sensibilis (vel Sensilis), Visibilis, etc.

54. Quartum est in -ivus, tribui solitum illi qui talem actionem potest: Visivus, Fugitivus, etc.

55. Quintum in -ax, eius est qui tali actione gaudet: Loquax, Mendax, Mordax, etc.

56. Sextum pertinet ad rem, quā actor in actione illa utitur, in -orius, vel -icus: ut (canis) Venatorius, vel Venaticus, etc.

'''III. Adverbia'''

57. Tum ex quolibet isto adnomine fit adverbium: ut Amanter, Properabundê, Visibiliter, Fugitivê, Loquaciter, Amatoriê.

'''IV. Verbalia Verba'''

58. Verbum a verbo veniens quadruplex est:

59 (1) Desiderativum, significans desiderium agendi, in -urire: ut Dormiturire, Esurire, Bibiturire, etc.

60. (2) Inchoativum, significans actionis inchoationem, in -scere: Labascere, Fervescere, Tremiscere, etc.

61. (3) Diminutivum, significans actionem minutulam, in -llare: Cantillare, Sorbillare, etc.

62. (4) Frequentativum, significans actionis crebritatem, in -tare -sare -xare. Ut Clamitare, Prensare, Nexare (id est, saepe clamare, prendere, nectere), etc.

&lt;big&gt;''Ab Adverbio et Praepositione Derivata&lt;/big&gt;''

63. Quando radix est adverbium vel praepositio, nihil ab illa formatur nisi forte adnomen: ut Cras &gt; Crastinus, Prope &gt; Propinquus, Prae &gt; Prior et Primus, Post &gt; Posterior et Postremus, etc.

===De Vocum Compositione===

64. Quoties duae (vel plures) voces (quarum quaeque usurpari potest per se etiam) coalescunt in unam, fit ''vox composita''.

65. Ita ex nomine et nomine fit nomen: ut Leopardus.

66. Ex nomine et adnomine fit nomen: ut Respublica, Rosmarinus.

67. Ex nomine et verbo fit nomen: ut Dentiscalpium.

68. Ex adnomine et verbo fit adnomen: ut Maleficus, Blandiloquus.

69. Ex praepositione et nomine fit nomen: ut Suburbium, Antemurale, etc.

70. Ex prapositione et adnomine fit adnomen: ut Indoctus, Praedives, etc.

71. Ex praepositione et verbo fit verbum: ut Adscribo, Describo, Praescribo, etc.

72. Qua postrema compositio cum sit usitatissima, disce observare quomodo adhibeantur opposito sensu:

73. Avis potest Provolare, Circumvolare, Revolare.

74. Et Involare silvam, Pervolare silvam, Evolare silvā.

75. Aut Advolare silvam, Praetervolare silvam, Avolare silvā.

76. Et arborem Supervolare, Transvolare (Pervolare), Subvolare.

77. Et considere Supra, Intra, Infra arborem.

78. Sive id sit Citra silvam, Silvatenus, Ultra silvam.

79. Aliquis est Apud me, Prope me, Procul me.

80. Et facit aliquid Clam me, Coram me, Palam omnibus.

81. Aliquis est:

Mecum, mihi coniunctus.

Sine me, a me seiunctus.

De me, a me demandatus.

82. Ante (prae) me est, qui mihi Praeit.

Penes (iuxta) me est, qui me Comitatur.

Post (pone) me est, qui mihi Subit (hoc est, me sequitur).

83. Ille pugnat:

Contra me, qui me oppugnat.

Pro me, qui me propugnat.

Propter me, qui alium oppugnat vel propugnat meā causā.

84. Res duas ponimus:

Ad invicem, adponendo.

Ob invicem, opponendo.

Inter invicem, interponendo.

85. Plures autem res:

Componimus cum invicem.

Disponimus ab invicem.

Transponimus per invicem.

86. Observa autem persaepe aliquid in compositione mutari. Nam:

87. Ultima consona praepositionis saepe mutatur in consonam verbi initialem, ut:

Appono pro Adpono

Immitto pro Inmitto

Summitto pro Submitto

Colligo pro Conligo

Corrigo pro Conrigo

Afficio pro Adficio

Efficio pro Exficio

Aufugio pro Abfugio, etc.

88. Alibi praepositio amittit litteram vel duas, ut Amputo (pro Amb-), Diduco (pro Dis-), Traduco (pro Trans-).

89. Tres hae, Pro, Re, Se, quando sequitur vocalis, assumunt d: ut Prodire, Redire, Seditio.

90. Sed et in verbo mutatur quandoque vocalis, ut in Lexico vidisti. Exempli gratia: Capio &gt; Recipio, Caedo &gt; Concîdo, Sedeo &gt; Assideo, etc.

==Residuum Lexici Ianualis, Vocum Peregrinarum Ianuae Inspersarum==

1. Habes artem voces derivandi et componendi! Quam si percepisti recte, vides quam copiosa sit lingua Latina.

2. Non quod omnia in usu sint, quae sic formari possunt; sed quia formari nihil prohibet, si opus sit, modo ex Latinis radicibus, et ad analogiam.

3. Quod si antiqui observassent, tot peregrinas voces in Latium non admisissent.

4. Sed Romani, populorum victores, inter alia spolia vocabulis etiam locum dederunt, multarumque rerum appellationes Graecas, Hebraicas, Arabicas, Punicas, Gallicas, Persicas etc., usu fecerunt suas.

5. Quarum quia nonnullas etiam sequens Nomenclatura Rerum (Ianua Linguae Latinae) habet, apponentur hîc sequenti capite.

6. Separavimus has a corpore Latini Lexici: primum, ad evitandam misturam; deinde, quia tironum interest, ab initio non obrui.

7. Equidem lingua Latina in fundamento tota Graeca est, tametsi voces aliae aliis, magis Graecae, aut Latinae, videantur: sicut in civitate bene ordinata familiae ab antiquo indigenatu gaudentes (patricios se vocant) novis ab advenis, civitate plenā nondum donatis, sese discriminant.

8. Quaeri autem potest, ''Voces antiquo-Latinae ab accessoriis Graecis quomodo veniant dignoscendae''? Responsum: Voces in civitatis ius receptae stirpescunt plerumque, derivatorumque suorum familiam Latinā formā in reipublicae usum prognatam, municipii sui testem habent: cum advenae plerumque solitariae sint, aut si prolem aliquam habent, eam domi (in Graecitate) natam, secum huc attractam (tametsi forte hîc auctam) habent. Cuiusmodi est Philosophus, Philosophia, Philosophicus, Philosophema (φιλοσοφος, φιλοσοφια, φιλοσοφικος, φιλοσοφημα).

9. Talia igitur (ortu, habitu, moribus et consuetudine) constanter Graeca, vel aliās extranea, sub censum iam redigere, illisque officia quoque assignare sua, incipiamus.

10. Quibus nomina propria virorum, feminarum, regionum, montium, fluminum, urbium etc., quorum in Ianuali Rerum historia mentio fit, accensebimus.

11. Non autem opus erit hoc Lexici Residuum seorsim legi; sed habere illud subsidio inter legendum Ianuae textum, ut ubi aliquid e Latino Lexico non intellectum occurret, hîc quaeratur.

12. Sed nota: nomina quaedam propria hominum, gentium, montium, fluviorum, urbium (ut Mexico, Quinsay, Adam, Indi, Alexander etc.) non ponimus hîc, quia explicari vernaculê opus non habent, sed poni sicuti sunt.

[Nota editoris: numeri sequentes referuntur ad Comenii opus titulo [http://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenaref/comenius/comenius1/p3/Comenius_opera_3.3.html Janualis Rerum et Verborum Contextus, Historiolam Rerum Continens].]

'''A.'''

Abacus, tabula sine basi, poni et tolli apta in quemvis usum. Ut est in triclinio mensa vasorum repositoria, 860, et tabula calculatoria, 513. Abaculus idem quod calculus, 513.

Abba, Syris pater est. Unde abbas (969), monachorum pater, et abbatissa, monialium mater, et abbatia.

Absis (-idis, f.), L. orbile, 439.

Abyssus (-i, f.), 47.

Academia, Platonis schola; tum omnis suprema schola, 505, ubi vivunt academici.

Acarus, vermiculus omnium minimus. 129.

Accaron, civitas Palaestinae, 929.

Acerra, ara portatilis, thuribulum.

Achates (-ae, m.), 77.

Acinaces (-cae, vel Acinacis, -cis, m.), Persicus gladius falcatus.

Acipenser (-eris, m.), 154, aliās sturio.

Acoluthus, 967.

Aconitum, 98.

Acredula (alias luscinia).

Adorea, ex rebus praeclarê gestis gloria, 912.

Adytum, 961, Lat. sacrarium.

Aegilops (-opis, m.), 314.

Aegyptus, -ius.

Aenigma (-atis, n.), 851.

Aera, fluxus annorum a termino certo, 564.

Aethiops (-is. m.), 264.

Africa, et Africani, sub sole vivunt, 559, 560.

Agon (-onis, m.), area luctatorum, 846.

Alcair, aliās Cairus, urbs, 562.

Alce (-is, et Alces, -is, f.), 178.

Alcoran (Arab. Lat. Lex.)

Alembicum (vel Alambicum, Arab.), pileus aheni distillatorii, 379.

Alicante, urbs Hispaniae, unde vinum Alicanticum, 375.

Allegoria, 683.

Alopecia, pilorum defluvium, 304.

Alpha, Graecis littera prima, A; unde alphabeta (et alphabetum), 513, et alphabeticus ordo, 678.

Ambra, 61.

Ambrosia, deorum cibus, 992.

Amen, Heb. fiat, 1000.

America, Americani, 559.

Amphibium, 194.

Amphisbaena, 131.

Amphora, 225.

Amylum, 335.

Ana, 813.

Anabaptista, 964.

Analecta (-orum), 862, Lat. collectanea.

Analogus, regularis; analogia, 979, regularitas.

Analysis, resolutio, 597.

Anaphora, 688.

Anathema (-atis, n.), exsecratio, 971.

Anatocismus, 661, fenus de fenore.

Anatomia, dissectio, 704, anatomicus, 226.

Andabata, 847.

Anethum, 95.

Angaria, 874, coacta servitus.

Angli, 491, inhabitant Angliam.

Anisum, 95.

Anomalus, irregularis; anomalia, irregularitas, 679.

Anonymus, anonymê, 837, sine nomine.

Anorexia, 298, inappetentia.

Antarcticus, v. Arcticus.

Antidotus (-i, f.), et antidotum, 810.

Antimonium, 62.

Antipathia, naturarum repugnantia.

Antipodes (-um, plurale), q. contra pedales, 559.

Antitheton, 683, vox oppositicia.

Antrum, Lat. specus, 78.

Aorta magna, 229.

Apianum vinum, 375.

Aplustre (et Aplustrum), 456.

Apocha, 660, quietantia.

(Apodem, 134, v. Apus.)

Apodytérium, 766.

Apogaeus, 546, remotus a terra.

Apographum, 497.

Apologus, moralis fabula, 689.

Apophthegma, 689, dictum extemporaneum acutum.

Apoplexiam patitur apoplecticus, 308.

Apostata (-ae, m.), 970, committit apostasiam.

Apostolus, 951, legatus Christi apostolicus.

Apostrophe, 687.

Apotheca, conditorium, asservatorium.

Apua, 154.

Apus (-odis), sine pedibus.

Arabs (-is), 513, Arabicê, 974.

Archi-, in compositis significat primarium, ut archidux, 873, archiepiscopus, 968, archimagirus, 854, archithalassus, 914, architectus, 201, 401, architecturae (aedificationis) summus praefectus.

Archivum, 877, principis aula; specialiter ubi publica instrumenta asservantur (vulgo cancellaria).

Arctus, Lat. ursa, sidus septemtrionale; arcticus polus, 554, antarcticus (ibidem); Arcturus, 553, nomen stellae.

Aristocratia, 769.

Arithmetica, numerorum scientia, 510, quam tractat arithmeticus, 511.

Armenia, regio Asiae, Armeniani, 560, Armeniaca mala, 114.

Aromata, 365, odorifera condimenta; aromaticum vinum, 375.

Arra vel Arrha, et Arrabo vel Arrhabo, Latinê pignus.

Arsenicum, 62.

Artemisia, 107.

Arteria, 234, 250.

Arthritis (-idis, f.), 305.

Artocreas (-atis, n.), caro in pane assa, 368.

Arunca, 167, barba caprae.

Arvina, 260, subcutanea durior pinguedo.

Asia, 559, maxima orbis terrae pars, quam incolunt Asiani, 560, usi olim sermone Asiatico, 690, h. e. prolixo.

Asparagus, 88.

Aspis (-idis, f.)

Astrum, Lat. stella, sidus, 835. Asteriscus, 721, stellula. Astronomus (538), observans cursum astrorum, et astrologus, 598, effecta.

Asthmate (306) laborans, asthmaticus est.

Asylum, 946, locus refugii.

Atheus, homo sine Deo; atheismus, 919, Dei abnegatio.

Athleta, L. pugil.

Atlas (-ntis), 561.

Atomus, insectilis pulvisculus.

Atriplex (-icis, n.), 88.

Attagen (-enis, m.), 142.

Atticus stilus, 690, quali utebantur Athenis.

Aura, 40, lenis ventulus. Item aer, 78.

Authenticum, 876, 975, fide dignum.

Autodidacticus, 720, a se ipso doctus.

Autographum, 497, scriptum originale.

Automatum, 494, suo se motu movens (sc. horologium).

Ave (avete, avere), 455, Punica vox, Lat. salve (salvete, salvere).

Axioma (-atis, n.), 586, fide digna sententia.

Azoara, Arabibus est capitulum libri, 974.

Azymus panis (356), infermentatus.

'''B.'''

Badius, v. Spadiceus.

Bagdet, civitas, 562, olim Babylon.

Balaena, 157, maximus cetorum.

Barathrum, inexplebilis profunditas.

Basilica, domus regia. Basiliscus serpens (131, q. regulus).

Belgae, 560, incolae Belgii, seu Belgicae (terrae), Belga.

Berberis, 102, (frutex, et fructus) berberis.

Betonica, 97.

Blasphemus, 836, blasphemat, 971.

Blatta, 129.

Boa, 317.

Bohemus, 560.

Bolis, 453, -idis, plumbum funiculo appensum.

Bolus, 859, L. buccea.

Bombyx, 129, facit bombycina sericea neta.

Bonasus, 176.

Boreas (-ae, m.), L. aquilo, 40, aquilonalis, aquilonaris (ventus, aut plaga).

Boristhenes, 561.

Botanicus, 815, rei herbariae peritus, Botanicê, 704, ipsa peritia.

Botrus, L. uva, 373.

Brabeum, 843, victoris praemium; brabeutes, brabeuta (-eutae, m.), praemiator. Brabalmazo.

Bruchus, 151.

Bulimia, 298.

Buteo, 146.

Butio, 147.

Byne, 377.

Byssus, 387.

'''C.'''

Cabala, scientia secretorum oretenus tradita; cabalistica theologia, 718.

Cacabus, olla pulmentaria, 365.

Cachexia, 301, mala concoctio.

Cacodaemon, 638, malus genius.

Calamita, 194, ranunculus viridis.

Caliendrum, 468, capillamentum facticium.

Calyx, 385, florum (aut seminis) folliculus.

Camisia, Ar. interula.

Cammarus, 159.

Campe, 150, L. eruca.

Canarium vinum, 375, ex insulis Canariis.

Cano (-onis, m.), 954, L. regula, Canonici, 968, qui episcopum eligunt secundum canones.

Cantharis (-idis f.), 151, musca viridis venenata.

Cantharus, 860.

Canthus, 439.

Capparis, 102, frutex et fructus.

Carabus, 159, rotundus cancer.

Caraei, 946.

Carbatinae, 380, calcei ex corio crudo, aut corticibus.

Cardiacus, 811, L. cordialis.

Carneolus, 77.

Carpatus, mons, 561.

Carpus, 222, iunctura brachii cum manu; metacarpium.

Carum, 95, cuminum pratense.

Caryophyllum, 117, aroma claviculatum; caryophyllus, 66, flos.

Cataclysmus, L. diluvium, 568.

Catalogus, 497.

Cataphracta, munimentum ferreum circa totum. Cataphractus (vel cataphractarius), 888.

Catapulta, 897, machina lapides eiaculans.

Cataracta (-ae, f. et Cataractes, -ae, m.), abruptus aquarum de super lapsus, nempe 1. de nubibus, 2. de monte praerupto. 3. Cancelli intra portas penduli super hostem immittendi.

Catarrhus, 305, defluxio.

Catastrophe, 841, Lat. conversio.

Cathedra, 961, sella, docentis locus eminentior, suggestum.

Catholicus, catholicê, 971.

Causticus, 820, L. adurens.

Cauterium, 820, instrumentum quō signum inuritur.

Centaurus, 317.

Cephalalgia, 311, L. capitis dolor.

Ceratonia, 103.

Cercopithecus, 187.

Chasma, 35, L. hiatus.

Character, insculptum aut impressum rei signum, 343, 795.

Chelae, 159, brachia cancri.

Chiliarcha, 889.

Chimia, et chimica ars, destillatoria.

Chir, L. manus. Hinc chiragra, 305, arthritis manuum, chirotheca, 392, chiromantes, 597, chirurgus, 820, manualis medicus.

Chlamys, tunica equitis. Unde chlamydatus, 889, sic tunicatus.

Cholera, L. flava bilis, 232, cholericus, 233.

Choraula (-ae, m.), musicus ad choreas.

Chorda, 475, L. fides, filum tensum sonans.

Chrisma, L. unctio.

Chylus, 237, nutrimenti concocti initium.

Cichorea (et cichorium), 97.

Cifra (seu ciphra, Arab.), 513.

Cimelium, pretiosa supellex seposita, 628.

Clerus, L. sors. Item ecclesiastica dignitas, 966.

Clibanus, furnus ferreus vel aeneus, 471.

Clima (-atis), declinans terrae tractus, 558.

Climax, 688, L. scala, gradatio. Climactericus annus, 805, septimus (aut nonus) quisque recurrens (ut 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, etc.).

Clinicus, 812, lecto affixus.

Clypeus, 888.

Clyster (-eris, m.), 819, purgatio quae per posteriora inditur.

Coccyx, L. cuculus, 218, extremitas spinae dorsi.

Coemeterium, L. dormitorium, sumitur pro sepulchreto, 886.

Colaphus, L. alapa.

Colla, 488, L. gluten.

Collybus, 795, permutatio pecuniae; collybista, 432, permutator.

Collyra, 854, parvus rotundus panis.

Collyrium, 819, unguentum oculorum.

Colon, et Colum, L. membrum. Item intestium crassum, 299.

Colossus, 408, statua ingens.

Colostrum, 168, et colostra, lac a partu spissum.

Comma, L. incisum.

Cometa (-ae, m.), L. stella comata.

Concha, 127, testa animalis aquatici, et ipsum tale animal.

Condylus, iunctura inter articulos digiti, 213.

Conger (et congrus), 153, anguilla marina.

Conopeum, 469.

Cophinus, cistula ex vimine, 732.

Corax, L. corvus; coracinus piscis, 155.

Coralium (et corallium), 78.

Coriandrum, 95.

Cothurnus, 383, calceamentum altum, utrique pedi conveniens.

Cotyla, 225.

Crambe, 88.

Cranium, 227.

Crateuteria (-orum), ferreae ansae in quibus veru vertitur, 365.

Crembalum, 474.

Cricetus, 193.

Crisis, iudicium. Criticus dies, 805, iudiciarius, quō morbus mutatur, ut quartus, septimus, decimus quartus, etc.

Crocodilus, 194.

Crypta, 336, locus abditus.

Crystallus, L. glacies. Item, lapis, 78.

Cudo (-onis), substratum galeae stragulum, ne ferrea durities caput laedat.

Cuminum (seu Cyminum), 95.

Cyanus, herba segetibus gaudens, cyaneus.

Cyathus, 525, poculum unius haustūs.

Cygnus, L. olor, 145. Signum caeleste, 545.

Cylindrus (m.), columella teres, 333, cylindraceus, 90.

Cymba (cymbula), navigiolum, 448.

Cymbalum, 474, instrumentum musicum aeneum.

Cynosbatus (f., et cynosbatum, n.), silvestris rosa. Baccae cynosbati, 101.

Cyprinus , idem quod Crrpio [sic]; Cyprinus latus, 155.

'''D.'''

Dactylus, Latine palmula, 115, in metro, 697.

Danus, incola, 560.

Danubius, flumen Germaniae, 561.

Dapsilis, abundans, largus, 886.

Decalogus, 941, decem praecepta Dei.

Delphinis (-is, m. et delphinus), belua marina omnium velocissima, 157.

Democratia, 769.

Diabetes, 303.

Diabolus, 600.

Diaconus, sacrorum administer, 967.

Diadema (-matis, n.)

Dialectica, ars ratiocinandi; dialecticus, 582.

Diameter (-tri, m.), 520, semidiameter, 554.

Diaphragma, 228.

Diarrhaea, nimium ventris profluvium, 299.

Didacticus, docendi gnarus, 500, didactica (theologia, 718).

Dimachae, 891, milites equestri et pedestri modo pugnare habiles.

Dioecesis, tractus terrae, sub potestatem alicuius spectans, 968.

Diploma (-tis, n.), litterae patentes, 876.

Discus, orbis solidus, cuius iactatio exercitium iuvenum erat olim, 845, item orbis mensalis, 854.

Diureticus, 810.

Dogma (-tis, n.), 970, sententia de re quam alii aliter docent, dogmaticus, 705.

Drachma, unciae pars octava, 536.

Draco (-nis), 131; signum caeleste, 545.

Dynasta, vel dynastes (-ae, m.), dynastia, 873.

Dysenteria, profluvium alvi cruentum, 299.

Dysuria, 303.

'''E.'''

Ebulus, 107, frutex.

Echo (-ūs, f.), soni resonantia, 262.

Eclipsis (-is, f.), 550; ecliptica (linea), 550.

Ecstasis, raptus animae a sensibus; ecstaticus, 309.

Electrum, metallum facticium, 70.

Electuarium, vel Electarium, 818.

Elogium, 496, L. laudes.

Embamma, 855, intinctus.

Embolimus (et embolimaeus annus), 552.

Embryo (-onis, m.), fetus in utero, 196.

Emphasis, 686, significativa expressio.

Empiricus, experimentalis, 705.

Emplastrum, medicinale unguentum, 64, 819.

Emporium, locus mercaturā celebris, 796.

Empyreum, caelum, 979.

Encaustes (-ae, m.), 478, pictor ignitis coloribus pingens.

Encomium, 867.

Endivia, 95, herba.

Enthymema, 588.

Enula, 97.

Epanalepsis, 688, L. resumptio.

Epanodus, 688.

Ephebus, 208, L. puber.

Ephemerus, 310, unius diei; ephemerides, 549.

Ephippium, 435, sella super equum strata; ephippiarius, 422.

Ephorus, 782, inspector.

Epicedium, 698.

Epicurus, philosophus, qui summum bonum statuit voluptatem; Epicureus, 983, Epicureismus, 919.

Epigramma, 698.

Epilepsia, 308, caducus morbus.

Epilogus, 692, conclusio.

Epistomium, 334, obturamentum siphonis.

Epistrophe, 688, conversio.

Epithalamium, v. Thalamus.

Epitaphium, 698.

Epitheton, 683, vox appositicia.

Epitome, 580, L. breviarium.

Epizeuxis, 688, L. coniunctio.

Epocha, 564, temporum supputatio.

Eremus (-i, f.), 969, campus desertus; eremita (-ae, m.), vir in eremo degens, 969.

Ergata, 459.

Erica, 107, herba in locis sterilibus crescens.

Ervum (et Ervilium), 93, pisi species minor.

Eryspelas (-atis. n.), ex fervente sanguine orta cutis inflammatio, 304.

Esseni, 948, secta.

Etesias (-ae, g. m.), 42.

Ethicus, 506, ethica (doctrina), 601.

Ethnicus, 938, L. gentilis.

Eucharistia, 957, cena Domini, eucharisticum (sacrificium), 944.

Euge, 997.

Eunuchus, 878, vir castratus.

Euphonia, grata modulatio, 700.

Europa, 559, Europaeus, 560.

Eurus, 42, ventus.

Evangelium, 974, et evangelista, 954 (laetum nuntium, et nuntius).

Exorcismus, 964, adiuratio, exorcista, 967.

Exostra, 904, arrectarius pons.

'''F.'''

Fagopyrum, 92, genus frumenti.

Faliscus, 362, suillus ventriculus fartus.

Faselus (et faseolus, 93), legumen.

Faunus, 318, monstrum silvestre.

Favonius, 42, ventus.

Feniculum, 95.

Feudum, 873.

Flamen (-inis, m.), 935, sacerdos gentilis.

'''G.'''

Galanga, 95.

Galenus, medicus celebris; Galenicus, 705.

Gallia, 560, Gallicus, 524.

Gangraena, 294, caro mortua in homine vivo.

Gargarizare, guttur aquae agitatione colluere, gargarizatio et gargarizatus (-ūs), et gargarismus, 810.

Gaza, 87, thesaurus, gazophylacium.

Gazela, 190, capreolus indicus.

Gehenna, locus aeterni cruciatūs, 993.

Geodaesia, 529, ars dimetiendi.

Geographus est, qui describit geographiam, in tabula geographica, 553.

Geometra, (-ae, m., et geometres, -ae), 530, qui terram metitur; geometria (et geometricê, -ês, f.), terram dimetiendi scientia, geometricus, 524.

Geranium (L. grus), machina onera navibus eximens, et in ripam deponens, 459.

Germanus (m.), 560, habitans in Germania; Germanicus, 524.

Gerrae (-arum), crates vimineae, 905. Sensu translato: nugamenta.

Gingiber, v. Zingiber.

Gingras, 476, genus tibiae stridulum, quod ore inflat gingrinator.

Glossa, lingua. Sensu translato: interpretatio verborum, commentatio. Glossema, 497, et glossarium, idem.

Glycyrrhiza, 103, mellita radicula.

Gnato, 878, L. adulator.

Gnoma, 689, sententia illustris, scitê dictum.

Gnomon (-onis, m.), index umbrae horam indicantis, 463. In genere, regula.

Gonagra, 305.

Grabatus, 733.

Gramma (-atis, n.), littera; grammatica, 677 (Lat. litteratura).

Granatus, 77.

Graphium, 478, (L. stilus), instrumentum scribendi; autographum, originale scriptum, 497; apographum (ibid.); chirographum, 659.

Gryllus (vel grillus), 150.

Gryps (-phis, et Gryphus, -i, m.), 317.

Gymnasium, locus exercitio athletarum destinatus; dehinc schola illustris, 505.

Gynaeceum, conclave feminarum; 2. ipse feminarum aulicarum coetus, 878.

Gypsum (olim et Gypsus, 72), materia calci cognata, e lapide cocto. Gypsatus, 487, gypso illitus. Gypsatum, 400, tinctura e gypso.

Gyrus, 40, L. orbis ambitus. Gyrari, 47. Gyratus, 523. Circumgyratio, 844.

'''H.'''

Haematites, 73.

Haemorrhois (-idis), sanguinis profluvium, 302.

Haeresis (error circa fidem), 970; haeresiarcha, haereticus, haereticê, 717.

Halcyon (et Alcyon), 136. Dicitur et Halcedo (s. Alcedo).

Halleluiah (Hebr.), 1000, &quot;laudate Dominum&quot;.

Halo (-onis, m.), 54.

Halter (-eris, m.), pértica quam quis manu tenens sese librat, 839.

Harmonia (concordia, concentus), harmonicê, 701.

Harpago (-onis, m.), pértica uncinata, 913.

Harpedone (-es), 386.

Harpyiae, 317.

Hebdomas (-adis et Hebdomada), L. septimana, 24, 551.

Hebraeus, 490, ab Heber, tritavo Abrahami, cuius posteri sunt; Hebraicus.

Hectica, 310.

Helenium, aliās Enula. Helenites (-ae, m.), 375.

Helleborus (et Helleborum, 98).

Hemicranium, v. Cranium.

Hemina, 525.

Hemiplexia, 308.

Hepiolus, 150.

Hercules (-is, m.), 544, signum caeleste; heros, 932.

Hermetica, 706, medicina (ab inventore Hermete).

Heros (-ois, m., Heroina, f.), 932, extraordinariis virtutibus illustris vir aut femina; herous et heroicus, 911.

Herps (-etis, m.), ulcus serpens, 294.

Hexagonus, 77, sex angulorum.

Hiberni, 560.

Hierarchia, 966, subordinatio regiminis ecclesiastici.

Hieroglyphicae notae, 486.

Hippocras, seu Hippocraticum vinum, 375.

Hippomanes, 348.

Hispanus, Hispania, 560.

Holocaustum, 944.

Horizon (-tis, m.), 541, terminans caelum et terram circulus; horizontalis (situs), 527.

Hungarus, Hungaria, 560.

Huso (-onis, m.), 154, piscis Danubianus, spinis carens.

Hyacinthus, 76, gemma; Hyacinthinus (color), 165.

Hybernus, v. Hibernus.

Hybrida, 315.

Hydra, 131, L. natrix.

Hydraulum, 329, aquatica machina.

Hydrops (-is, m., et Hydropisis, -is, f.), 301, hydropicus.

Hymnus, 960, canticum laudes continens.

Hyperbole, 684.

Hypocaustum, 732.

Hypochondria (-orum), 211.

Hypocrisis (simulatio), hypocrita, 648, hypocriticus.

Hypotheca, 659, res immobilis pignori data.

Hyssopus (et Hyssopum, n.), 97.

Hystrix (-icis, f.), 189, animal ex erinaceorum genere maximum.

'''I.'''

Ianthinus (L. violaceus), 265.

Iaspis (-idis, m.), 76.

Icon (-onis, f.), 267, L. expressa imago.

Icterus (vel Icteritia flava), 302, morbus vesiculae fellis. Icterus niger, 302.

Idéa, 401, L. specimen futuri operis.

Iehovah (1000), nomen quo seipsum Deus appellavit, Exod. 6:3.

Ierusalem, 564.

Iesus, 950, salvator.

Indus, 561, fluvius Asiae maximus. 2. natio Indiae, 490, 560, 938.

Iphitus, 564, nomen viri.

Iris (-idis, f.), 54, L. arcus caelestis.

Ironia, 682, L. illusio.

Isatis, 96.

Ischium, L. coxa. Ischiaticus dolor (vulgo corruptê, Sciatica, sc. passio, 305) et ischias.

Ischuria, 303.

Isicium, 362, L. tomaculum.

Israelitae, 571, Israeliticus, 948.

Ister, 561, Danubius.

Isthmus, 49.

Italus, Italia, 560; Italicus, 524.

Iuda, 948, filius Iacobi patriarchae, unde Iudaei, 564, Iudaica religio, 923, Iudaismus, 972.

Iulebum (et Iulepum), 878, potio ex succis herbarum cum melle.

Iulius Caesar, 576. Iulius mensis, 552 (a Iulio Caesare, cuius natalis fuit; antea dictus Quintilis).

Iulus (trisyllabum), 119, in corylo vili racematim compacti, florem praecedentes.

Iunius, 552, mensis.

'''L.'''

Labyrinthus, 408.

Laconicus stilus, 690, qualis Lacedaemoniis in usu fuit.

Laganum, 471, placenta lata, et tenuis, in butyro frixa.

Lampas (-adis, f.), 417, lychnus pensilis oleo nutritus.

Lappones, 560.

Larynx (-ngis, m.), guttur, 250, caput et ostium tracheae.

Latomus, 399, L. lapicîda.

Lebes (-etis, m.), 365, vas aeneum, in quo obsonia coquuntur.

Lembus (-nculus), 448, navicula piscatoria.

Lemniscus, 391, lineamentum capillatum, fimbriae vestis ornamentum.

Leuca, 524, 870.

Levi, filius Iacob, a quo Levitae, 945.

Levisticum, 97.

Lexicum (et Lexicon), 678, vocum totius linguae recensitio.

Liber (-eri, m.), 962, viri nomen.

Libonotus, v. Notus.

Lichen (-enis, m.), 304, summae cutis asperitas cum levi pruritu.

Lienteria, 298, alvi profluvium ob intestinorum lêvorem; lientericus, lienteriā laborans.

Lima, 562, civitas Peruviae.

Lissabona, vel Lisbona, 562, civitas Lusitaniae.

Lithargyrum (64, et 410), spuma argenti, seu potius plumbi.

Lithuanus, 160, Lithuania.

Logicus, 580, artifex cogitationum. Logica, 537.

Londinum, 552.

Lupercus, pastorum Deus (a lupis arcendis). Hinc Lupercalia, 937, festum Luperci.

Lutetia Parisiorum, 562.

Lychnus, L. lucerna. Ellychnium, 722, linamentum in lychno ardens.

Lympha (-ae, f.), 152.

Lytrum, 951.

'''M.'''

Machiavellus, vaferrimus politicus, vixit patrum memoriā in Italia. Machiavellistae, 985.

Macir (-ris, et Macis, -idis), 117.

Mactra, 356, alveus in quo farina subigitur.

Magnes (-etis, n.), 73, magneticus.

Mahomed, Mahomedanus, 921, 672.

Malacia, 451, L. mollities (tranquillitas) maris.

Malvaticum vinum, 375.

Mandra, 304, campestris et mobilis ovium caula.

Mania, 307, furiosum delirium.

Manna (g. f.), 51, mel aereum.

Manna (g. n.), 571 [H. Man.]

Manucodiata, 134, avis, quam paradisiacam vocant.

Mapalia (-orum, n.), 340, casae viles portatiles (alias Magalia).

Marchio (-onis), 873, praefectus limitum; marchionatus (-ūs), marchionis praefectura.

Mareschallus, 877.

Marga, 58.

Martyr, 953, qui veritatis testimonium morte obsignat; martyrium.

Mastiche (-ae), lentiscina resina, 118.

Mathesis, 510, scientia quantitatum; mathematicus, 506.

Maurus, 560, Mauritania.

Medimnus (et -um), 526.

Melancholia (atra bilis), 232; melancholia hypochondriaca, morbus, 300; melancholicus, 233.

Meleagris (-idis. f.), 139.

Melissa, 97.

Menianum (vel Maenianum), 407, pars adificii, domum in angulo amplians.

Meninx (-gis), 227, involucrum cerebri.

Menta (seu Mentha, 97) herba odorifera.

Merops, 143, avis.

Mesaraeum (et Mesenterium, 238), membrana lactes involvens; mesaraicae Venae, 239, 245, 300.

Mespilus, arbor; mespilum, 114, fructus.

Messias, 939, L. unctus.

Metaphora, 682.

Methodus (-i, f.), 590, via compendiaria; methodicus, 705.

Metonymia, 682.

Metoposcopus, 597.

Metropolis, 876, urbs aliarum urbium matrix.

Mexico, 562, urbs Americae; Mexicanus, 560.

Microcosmus, 215.

Microscopium, 480.

Mimus (et Mima), 840, L. histrio.

Minerva, 931, dea sapientiae.

Minurire (et Minurizare), minori voce cantillare.

Miosis, 683, L. imminutio.

Missa, 967.

Mnemonica, 537, ars memoriae; mnemonicus, 594.

Moechus, 836, L. adulter.

Moloch, 936.

Molossus, 344, canis magnus et robustus (quales in Molossia, regione Epiri, proveniebant, nunc in Britannia).

Monachus, 696, monasterium.

Monarchia, 574, unius dominatus; monarcha (-ae, m.), 881.

Monialis (seu Sanctimonialis), virgo sanctimoniam professa.

Monopola, et monopolium, 799. Ubi quis solus emit et vendit.

Morio (-onis), 651, 878, facetê stultus, aularum oblectamentum.

Moschata (nux), 117.

Moschus, 190, pretiosum odoramentum.

Mosca (seu Mosqua), civitas, 562; Moscovia, regio; Moscovita (Russus), 560.

Moses, 571, Mosaicus, 957.

Muffti, 974, Turcicus papa.

Mullus (-lulus), 154, L. barbus.

Musulmannus (vel Muslimus), 973, q. d. Deo deditus.

Myinda, 850.

Myops, 290.

Myrias, 512, decem milia.

Myristica, 117, nux.

Mystax (-acis, m.), 208.

'''N.'''

Nablium, 475, instrumentum digitis utriusque manūs pulsatile.

Nabuchodonosor, 547.

Nadir, 542.

Nanus, L. pumilio. Nanus (-a, -um), quicquid natura parvum est.

Napellus, 98.

Naphtha, 61, bitumen saxis exsudans.

Nardus, 107, herba spicifera, odore insignis.

Naupegus, 459, navium fabricator.

Nazarenus, 950, natus in Nazareth.

Necromantia, 600, mortuos suscitandi superstitio; necromantes, talis excitator.

Nectar (-aris, n.), 992, dulcissima potio Deorum (nectareus, suavissimus).

Nephreticus, 811, ad renes (qui Graecê νεφροι) pertinens.

Neptunus, 931, maris deus.

Nilus, 561, fluvius Aegypti; Niloticus calamus, 487.

Nosocomium, 777, L. valetudinarium.

Nothus, 756, illegitimo patre natus. Costae nothae, 229.

Notus, 40. Libanotus, 40.

Numa Pompilius, 933, secundus Romanorum rex.

'''O.'''

Obrysum (vel Obrisum), 68, aurum purissimum (q. e. Ophirizum, i. e. tale aurum quale inventum fuit in insula Ophir. 1. Regum 9:28).

Oceanus, 450, mare magnum, terras undique ambiens; oceanum Tengere [sic].

Ochra, 58, L. sil. terra lutea.

Odontalgia, 311, dentium dolor.

Oecumenicum Concilium, 971.

Oenopola, vini venditor; oenopolium, 777.

Oesophagus, 254, L. gula.

Olympus, mons altissimus; Olympias (-adis), 564, ludi Iovis Olympici in Graecia.

Onager (-gri), 186, ferus asinus.

Oneromantes, 597, somniorum interpres.

Oniscus, 130, vermis.

Onocrotalus, 147.

Opobalsamum, 104, balsami succus. Balsamum leve.

Opticus, 530.

Orchestra, 841, spatium eminentius.

Orgyia, 524, spatium inter protensas hominis utrinque manus.

Orichalcum, 66, aes aurei coloris.

Orphanus, 757, patre orbatus; orphanotrophium, 777.

Orthodoxus, 971.

Oryza, 92, frugis genus.

Oxvacantha, 102.

Oxygala (-ae, et Oxygalum), 345, lactis post expressum butyrum reliquiae.

Ozaena, 295, ulcus narium foetens.

'''P.'''

Paedagogus, 502, puerorum formator; paedobaptismus, v. Baptizare.

Paeonia, 90.

Paliurus, 100, acutae spinae frutex; paliuri baccae.

Panegyricum, 912.

Pantheon, 931, templum.

Papa, 968.

Papae! 893.

Parabola, 689, L. similitudo.

Paracletus, L. consolator, 952.

Paradisus, 925.

Paragraphus (-i, f.), 715, novae lineae in scriptura inceptio.

Parallelus, 517, 540, pari distantiā decurrens.

Paralogismus, 591, erronea ratiocinatio.

Paralysis, 308, resolutio membri, et inde veniens impotentia motūs.

Paranymphus, 740.

Paraphrasis, v. Periphrasis.

Paraselene, 54.

Parasitus, 670, cibi assecla.

Pardus (m.), 182; pardalis; leopardus 315.

Parelius, 54.

Parippus, 441.

Parochus, 968, paroecia, parochialis.

Paronomasia, 688.

Paroxysmus, 310, exacerbatio morbi.

Pascha (-ae, f., vel -atis, n.), festum Iudaeorum, 943, paschalis.

Patriarcha, 968.

Pegma (-atis, n.), 408, machina lignea confixilis et destructilis.

Pelagus (-i, n.), L. mare, 136.

Pelicanus (et Pelican, -anis), 147.

Pentecoste, 943, quinquagesimus dies, scil. a paschate.

Peplus (et Peplum), 381.

Pepo (-onis), 90, cucumer mollis et dulcis.

Pericardium, 229, capsula cordis aquae plena.

Perigaeus, 546, prope terram exsistens.

Periodus (-i, f.), L. circuitus, 563, 679.

Periphrasis, 683, L. circumlocutio, est unius vocis; paraphrasis, 961, totius textūs.

Peritoneum, 230, 296.

Perizoma, 412.

Persa, 560, Persia, 575.

Peru, Peruvianus, 560.

Petaso (-onis, m.), 362, coxa suilla infumata.

Petasus (Petasunculus, dim.), 381, pileus latior adversus solem et imbres.

Petaurus (et Petaurum), 850, L. oscillum.

Phalerae (-arum), 435, equorum ornamentum.

Phantasia, 268, L. imaginatio, seu imaginandi facultas; phantasma (-atis, n.), 271.

Pharetra, 897, sagittarum theca.

Pharmaca (L. medicamenta), 802, et pharmaceutica, 806, medicinalia parat pharmacopaeus, 814; vendit autem pharmacopola in pharmacopolio.

Phaselus (genere duplici) et Phaseolus, 93.

Phasianus, 142.

Phengites (-ae, m.), 72.

Philautia, 620, amor sui.

Philistaeus, 929.

Philologus, 506.

Philura (vel Philyra), L. tilia. 2. Folia tiliae ad scribendum olim adhibita. 3. Nunc plagula papyri, 493.

Phlebotomia, venae incisio; phlebotomum (820) scalprum.

Phlegma (-atis), L. pituita; phlegmaticus, pituitosus.

Phoca (-ae, f.), 157.

Phoenix, 317.

Phrasis, 679.

Phrenesis, 307, phreneticus.

Phrygio, 478 (quia haec ars apud Phryges reperta).

Phthisis, 310, L. tabes.

Pityna, 373, vas uvis portandis aptum.

Platanus, 111.

Pleuritis, 311.

Pluto, 931.

Polemica (theologia), 718.

Pollux (-ucis), 931.

Polonus, 560, Polonia.

Polus mundi, 540 et cetera; polaris circulus, 450, 556.

Polygamia, 973, uxorum pluralitas.

Polygonon, 86, L. centinodium.

Polyptoton, 688.

Polypus, L. multipes; in specie piscis octo pedibus.

Polytheia, 942, pluralitas deorum.

Pontus, 266, L. mare.

Poppysmus (et Poppysma, -atis, n.), 848, blandimentum sonorum manu aut ore.

Praga, 562.

Prasinus (-a, -um), 206.

Praxis, 595, L. actus; practicus, activus.

Presbyter (-eri), 967, L. senior.

Prisma (-atis), 480, vitrum trilaterum oblongum, solidum.

Proboscis et Promuscis (-idis), 174.

Prognosis, 805, L. praescitum; prognosticon, 598, prognostica (ars), 537.

Prolepsis, 687, L. praeoccupatio.

Prologus, 841, praeloquium.

Propempticum, carmen, 698.

Propola (-ae, m.), 796, qui merces praemercatur ut pluris vendat.

Prosopopaeia, 687, L. personae fictio.

Prosopolepsia, 790.

Prochodochium, 777. L. pauperum receptaculum.

Punicum (malum), 114.

Pygmaeus, 317.

Pyramis (-idis f.), 408, turris quadrata, a lato imo in acutum desinens.

Pyrenaei, 561, montes.

'''R.'''

Rabbi, rabbinus, 949.

Rheno (-onis), 393.

Rhinoceros, 175.

Ribes, 102.

Russus (et Rutenus), 560, Russia.

'''S.'''

Sabbatum, 491, quies; sabbatismus annorum, quies terrae anno septimo.

Sadducaei, 947, resurrectionem non credentes; Sadducaeismus, 919.

Salamandra, 132.

Salgama (n. plur.), 862, conditanei fructus, radices, semina etc.

Salvia, 107, herba inter primas salubris.

Samaritanus, 947.

Sandaracha, 62.

Satyrus, L. faunus, satyra, 698; et carmen satyricum, sermo acriter invectivus.

Scaevus, L. sinister, scaeva (et scaevola, m.), 212, qui sinistra pro dextra utitur.

Scaurus, 292.

Sceletos (et sceleton), 226.

Sceptrum, 875, virga regalis.

Schaddai, 939, Omnisufficiens.

Scheda, 492, chartae folium; schedula, 729.

Schema (-atis, n.), 518 et 598, L. figura.

Schisma (-atis, n.), 971, discidium. Schismaticus, 970.

Sciatica v. Ischias.

Sciothericon, 463, horologium solare.

Scipio (-onis, m.), 428, baculus subtilior.

Scirrhus, 302, tumor induratus.

Scolopendra, 130.

Scolopendrium, 97.

Scolymus, 88.

Scomma (-atis, n.), 651, festiva dictio, cum amoenitate mordax.

Scotus, Scotia 560.

Scyphus, 852, genus poculi.

Scytha, 560, Scythia, Scythicus, 191.

Sena, 98, arbor cuius folia purganti medicinae serviunt.

Seps (-is, m.), 132, lacertae genus venenatum.

Sibylla, sibyllinus, 934.

Sidon (-onis, m.), Sidonius, 929.

Siglae, 491, compendiariae scribendi notae, quarum una integram dictionem significat.

Sinape (et sinapi, n.), et sinapis (f.), 95.

Sindon (-onis, f.), 387, linteum subtilissimum.

Sipho (-onis, m.), L. tubulus fontis; 2. tubulus doliaris; 3. machina aquam sursum spargendi, 420; et siphunculus, 374.

Siren (-enis, f.), 318.

Sirius, 543.

Siser (-eris, n.), 89.

Smaragdus (-i, m.), 76.

Smegma (-atis, n.), L. sapo; in specie odoratus, 472.

Smiris (vel Smyris, -itis, m., vel -idis, f.), 73, lapis vitra scindens.

Solaecismus, 679, vitium sermonis in vocum copula.

Sophista (-ae, m.), pseudophilosophus, 89, fingit sophismata, 591.

Sostra (-orum), 812, merces salutis receptae. Soteria, 812, liberalia, sacrificia pro recepta salute.

Spadiceus, color, 264.

Spagiria (Paracelso chimia), Spagirica, 706, medicina.

Spasmus, 308, nervorum in membro uno distentio.

Splenium, 821.

Statera, 534, staticus, 531, ponderum sciens, statica, 510.

Stega, 447, L. tectum; praestega, tectum sine parietibus; distega et tristega, 405, aedificia sunt duarum vel trium contignationum.

Stemma (-atis, n.), insigne maiorum; dehinc ipsa generis series, 875.

Stenographia, 491, ars celeriter scribendi.

Stereometria, solida mensurandi scientia, stereometrici numeri, 527.

Stibadium, 329, lectulus ex gramine.

Stibium (-ii, n.), 62, aliās antimonium.

Stoicus, philosophus, 984.

Strabo (et strabus), 290, oculis distortis.

Stranguria, 303.

Stratagema (-atis, n.), 906, callidum militare consilium.

Svecus, 560, Svecia.

Sybillia, v. Sibylla.

Sycophanta (-ae, m.), L. falsus delator; sycophantiae, 830, delatio, fallacia.

Syllogismus, 587.

Symphonia, 700, L. consonantia.

Symptoma, 311, accidens.

Synagoga, 947.

Syncrisis, 592, comparatio.

Syndicus, 785, iuris vindex.

Synecdoche, 682.

Synodus, 971, provincialis, nationalis.

Synonymum, 683.

Synopsis, 997.

Synthesis, 592, compositio.

Syrtis (-is, f.), 453, locus arenosus in mari. 2. Syrtis nivalis.

Syrupus, 818, succus florum saccharo vel melle incoctus.

Systema (-atis, n.), 679, opus suis partibus compactum.

'''T.'''

Tachigraphia, 491, celeriter scribendi ars.

Talmud, 949, H. doctrina.

Tarsus, 223, pars pedis ad talos; metatarsus, inter tarsum et digitos.

Tartarus, 560, Tartaria, 870.

Teganites (-ae, m.), 471.

Telescopium, 480. Perspectiva.

Tenasmus, 299.

Thalamus, lectus, in specie nuptialis, 930; epithalamium, 698, carmen nuptiale.

Hallus, 89.

Theca.

Thema (n.), 691, idem quod Thesis, 586, positio etc.

Thymallus, 154, piscis.

Thyrsus, 88, caulis rectus.

Tiara, 381, gestamen capitis Persicum.

Tomus, 495, sectio (sc. libri, chartae, operis).

Topasius, 76.

Tophus, 52.

Trabea, 879, toga purpurea.

Trachea, 250, aspera arteria.

Traulus, 291, cui littera R inimica est.

Triclinium, cenaculum, 854.

Trigonus, 549.

Triton (-onis, m.), 318, vir marinus; 2. in malo navis, 450.

Trochaeus, 697, cursivus pes.

Trochiscus, rotula medicamentosa, 818.

Trochlea, 459.

Tropicus (sc. circulus), 540.

Tropus (conversio), 681, tropicê, 689.

Tulipa, 96.

Turca, 560, Turcia, Turcicus.

Turcois, 76.

Typha, 106, panicula cannae.

'''V.'''

Valachi, 560.

Venetiae, 561.

Vulcanus, 931, inventor ignis.

'''X.'''

Xenodochium, 777.

Xiphias (-ae, m.), 157.

'''Z.'''

Zea, 92, L. ador.

Zebaoth (Hebr.), exercitus, 1000.

Zedoaria, 95, aroma.

Zenith, 542, verticale caeli punctum.

Zelus, 282, zelosus, zelare.

Zephyrus, 40, L. Favonius.

Zybethum (et Zybethicus catus), 190.

Zingiber (vel Zinziber), 95.

Zizania (-ae, et -orum), 334.

Zodiacus, 540, circulus caeli per quem planetae currunt.

Zona, cingulus latior; zona terrae, 556; zona torrida, zona frigida, zona temperata.

Zythus, 376, L. cervisia.

==Clausula, de Lexici Huius Amoeno Usu==

Linguas doctas sine lexicorum ope disci non posse, norunt scholae. Verum tamen lexicorum usum aut ignorant, aut negligunt, non nisi pro ultimo refugio, dum insigniter urgentur, iis utendo, atque sic etiam nonnisi obiter inspectando, moxque rursum seponendo. Cui negligentiae remedia quaerentes viri quidam docti, integra lexica magna curā pertransiri suaserunt. Hieronymus Wolfius ita hac de re scribit: &quot;Optime consulent suis studiis adolescentes, si quotidie aliquid temporis impendant lectioni lexicorum; quae a principio ad finem percurrenda, et saepe relegenda sunt. Sic enim multa cognoscent unō annō, quae alioqui totō decennio non occurrissent.&quot;

Sed cum pueros, vel adolescentes etiam, vix ullis admonitionibus eō flecti posse spes sit, nisi aut cogantur, aut manuductione aliquā blandā alliciantur, melius suasit D. Lubinus, ut &quot;a magistro discipulis lexicon ordine, a principio ad finem, proponatur ac explicetur.&quot; Additō: Quid boni huic consilio subsit, nullum alium iudicem admitto (NB), quam rite factum huius rei experimentum. Quod consilium si bonum est (est autem) cur non sequimur? Nempe quia lexica, uti adhuc fuerunt, scopae dissolutae sunt: nihil rerum (quibus mens nostra inhiat) ordine narrant, excerpta tantum vocabula, aut phrases, perpetuā rerum et mentis divulsione (unde taedia non suboriri vix possibile) congerunt. Cui incommodo remedium nos ex contextura vocum (et phrasium ab eadem radice venientium) in aliquas rationabiles sententias quaesivimus: sive morale aliquid innuentes sive saltem vocum vim, et structurae modum, melius exprimentes.

Speramusque eo rem deductam, ut haec sine taedio (immo cum voluptate) sive privatim legi, sive publicê in scholis pertractari, possint. Cuius rei modum supra (praefixā ad Praeceptorem Ianualem epistolā, A 5, pag. versā) ostendi. Addo hic, experimentum iam esse factum pertransiri haec, et in succum ac sanguinem converti, 4 mensium spatio satis commodê posse: si ab initio singulis horis pagella unica, deinde folium unum (legendo, interpretando, repetendoque, donec intellectu et quantum potest memoriā haereant) absolvantur. Habet enim Lexicon hoc octerniones 40, h. e. foliola 320. Horae vero studiis publicis (apud nos) dicata sunt hebdomade 20, mense 80. Ergo si continuo ire placet (quod suadeo) exeunte quarto mense finis erit, cum triumpho subiugatae totius (quantum ad communiora) Latinae linguae. Quintus mensis si addetur grammaticis (quae hic sequentur) exercitiis, restabunt Ianuae textui (ex verbis iam notis syntagma rerum exstruenti) menses sex: ut hac in classe ingeniosos ac diligentes ultra annum detineri non sit necesse. Tardiores si transire denuo iubebuntur omnia, fiet ut ipsi quoque victores evadant.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Gloria, RV 589</title>
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      <timestamp>2022-02-02T12:49:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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{{Liber
|Ante= Requiem
|AnteNomen= ../Requiem, Mozart K. 626
|Post= Vesperae solennes de Confessore
|PostNomen= ../Vesperae solennes de Confessore
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Vivaldi, Gloria}} RV 589}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Gloria}}}}}}
Glória in excélsis Deo
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Et in terra pax}}}}}}
et in terra pax homínibus bonae voluntátis.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Laudamus te}}}}}}
Laudámus te,
benedícimus te,
adorámus te,
glorificámus te,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Gratias agimus tibi}}}}}}
grátias ágimus tibi 
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Propter magnam gloriam}}}}}}
propter magnam glóriam tuam,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Domine Deus}}}}}}
Dómine Deus, Rex caeléstis,
Deus Pater omnípotens.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Domine Fili unigenite}}}}}}
Dómine Fili unigénite, Jesu Christe,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Domine Deus, Agnus Dei}}}}}}
Dómine Deus, Agnus Dei, Fílius Patris,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Qui tollis peccata mundi}}}}}}
qui tollis peccáta mundi, miserére nobis;
qui tollis peccáta mundi, súscipe deprecatiónem nostram.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Qui sedes ad dexteram}}}}}}
Qui sedes ad déxteram Patris, miserére nobis.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Quoniam tu solus sanctus}}}}}}
Quóniam tu solus Sanctus, tu solus Dóminus, tu solus Altíssimus,
Jesu Christe, cum Sancto Spíritu: in glória Dei Patris. Amen.
&lt;/poem&gt;
}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Dixit Dominus, RV 594</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3475</id>
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      <id>9814</id>
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        <username>JimKillock</username>
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&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
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|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
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{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Dixit Dominus, Vivaldi}}}} RV 594}}

&lt;poem&gt;
'''I. Dixit Dominus''' 

Dixit Dominus Domino meo sede a dextris meis 

&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''II. Donec ponam inimicos tuos'''
Donec ponam inimicos tuos scabellum pedum tuorum
&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''III Virgam virtutis tuae'''

Virgam virtutis tuae emittet Dominus ex Sion dominare in medio inimicorum tuorum
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;poem&gt;
'''IV. Tecum principium'''

Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae
in splendoribus sanctorum: ex utero
ante luciferum genui te.

Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae
in splendoribus sanctorum: ex utero
ante luciferum genui te.

Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae
in splendoribus sanctorum: ex utero
ante luciferum genui te.
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;poem&gt;
'''V. Iuravit Dominus'''

Iuravit Dominus et non paenitebit eum tu es sacerdos in aeternum secundum ordinem Melchisedech
&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''VI. Dominus a dextris tuis'''

Dominus a dextris tuis confregit in die irae suae reges
&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''VII.  Judicabit in nationibus'''

Iudicabit in nationibus implebit cadavera conquassabit capita in terra multorum
&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''VIII. De torrente'''

De torrente in via bibet propterea exaltabit caput
&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''IX. Gloria Patri'''

&lt;/poem&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
'''X. Sicut erat in principio'''

&lt;/poem&gt;

{{narrowColumnEnd}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscinaria]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="102" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Old Fish Street, nunc ''Bread Street''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4083995 OSM]</text>
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        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscinaria]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Piscaria]]</text>
      <sha1>ffk7sxytg0kw6c7hoegm8i1yia7wax0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3478</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9828</id>
      <parentid>9827</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T10:02:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscinaria]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' New Fish Street, nunc ''Knightrider Street''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4253224 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ge42ulmye2zu0miu262d9us32lfjx3f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscinaria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3479</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria" />
    <revision>
      <id>9829</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T10:02:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscinaria]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Piscaria]]</text>
      <sha1>afvdfzlgt9rfbx1sln3ej5j4zlwtrzw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Piscaria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3480</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9832</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T10:08:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Fish Street, nunc ''Fish Street Hill''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/60974941 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="103" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Fish Street, nunc ''Fish Street Hill''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/60974941 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>6ureq6030j9guc6r6hbshws0yzz0vu0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Regius Cordariorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3481</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9836</id>
      <parentid>9834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T10:30:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="244" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Roper Street, nunc ''Upper Thames Street'', prope [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Omnium Sanctorum ad Foenum Parochia|Omnium Sanctorum ad Foenum Parochia]].

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/838414960 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>749u81f4gxo28t0pjf8mm06n4k1erva</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Omnium Sanctorum ad Foenum Parochia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3482</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9835</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T10:25:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' All Hallows.  * Prope [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3978942 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' All Hallows.

* Prope [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3978942 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>1uzl22ifcw7yfaih4ghfyaa42p50u5z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus de Flete</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3483</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9840</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T11:57:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Fleet Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/888781922 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Fleet Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/888781922 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>dl4pcw1rxqbzp9b4xpuwr1murthyka9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Turris</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3484</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9842</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T12:15:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Great Tower Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4260217 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Great Tower Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4260217 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>2g6xkzkczlfu031f8br90xsgcjyxzy4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Carnificium Occidentalium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3485</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9844</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T12:31:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Newgate Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/214716084 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Newgate Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/214716084 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>iu0zp6k91eg383utqp8bcrtfu59o5zh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Ave Maria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3486</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9848</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T13:02:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4084013 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4084013 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>siwdl18ccwzfeskz5iqaoejg651rzm1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Venella Sanctae Brigidae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3487</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9850</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T13:16:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/975134851 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/975134851 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>fbkalr65fs53o1dn3qkv97tp96toote</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Poletria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3488</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9853</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T13:31:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/211899530 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Ave Maria Lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/211899530 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>re9p6rnwjwr5lef3lr3k9nua3sjyazv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Barbacana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3489</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9857</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T14:53:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Barbican.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/7628489780 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Barbican.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/7628489780 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5wahf4bb1t07svb3n6lj0uewc8fwljt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9864</id>
      <parentid>9858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T16:59:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaeorum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Old Jewry.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/840264350 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>ttjpcu9oi8gmntb4gcakzd1mswh84rw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3491</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9867</id>
      <parentid>9862</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:03:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauper Judaismus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Poor Jewry, hodie Jewry Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/865176999 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>tnqw6tfmh9idbhvlxwmp6ku9rtgt0z3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Iter a Deva Londinium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3492</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9861</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T16:56:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Watling Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3727760 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Watling Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3727760 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5qqp06t6uo8m9ez0wld2wajus65xms8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauper Judaeorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3493</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus" />
    <revision>
      <id>10159</id>
      <parentid>9863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus]]</text>
      <sha1>5v2eo4wf4o4qvj3pxtip7knn1si5t4z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaeorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3494</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9865</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T16:59:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaeorum]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Judaismus]]</text>
      <sha1>tnvdfxqcau8en5ugo5yw22hkg9dqlg0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauper Judaismus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3495</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9868</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:03:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauper Judaismus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Pauperum Judaismus]]</text>
      <sha1>5v2eo4wf4o4qvj3pxtip7knn1si5t4z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3496</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9872</id>
      <parentid>9870</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:23:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' (Upper / Lower) Thames Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4223965 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>cujsbjwnaxd6bex5eykfgy87n87ves3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3497</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)" />
    <revision>
      <id>9873</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:23:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="98" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (UTS)]]</text>
      <sha1>ap6acgyjoumzng2ng7kec2rn30d2orf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus super Ripam Tamesis (LTS)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3498</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9875</id>
      <parentid>9874</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:25:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Lower Thames Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/195555966 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qfp08zsujwfxwz4ni2galx62pmenwwa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Forum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3499</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9877</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:44:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Cheapside.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3998353 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Cheapside.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3998353 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>h6eabcznlei59t2kofwdrbos7oxzw06</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Ballium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3500</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9879</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T17:54:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Old Bailey''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39276071 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Old Bailey''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39276071 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>qm7hq8yk4bs3ac91gjwx66hwdpxk0c1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9883</id>
      <parentid>9882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T18:10:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Escambium]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''New Change''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/122768812 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>oqii2bn3c7uvbc7uc8cig7ured3gfqq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Escambium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3502</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium" />
    <revision>
      <id>9884</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T18:10:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novus Escambium]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Novum Escambium]]</text>
      <sha1>odh0clyvr8up8t9mx0rcb6tk399hk1h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Escambium</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9887</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T18:18:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Old Change''. Nón exstat.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/122768812 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="89" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Old Change''. Nón exstat.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/122768812 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>jd111tkmr1qxwmjl5bm19i4hrumfzoe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Forum Veteris Escambii</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3504</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9889</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T18:20:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Old Change Court''.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39276114 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Old Change Court''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39276114 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>6nkd3bh5cwk96kfejluwa7p6pwokh55</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Sanctae Mariae Attenax</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9891</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T20:39:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' St Mary Axe.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4066358 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' St Mary Axe.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4066358 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>7b88bratjdzz457umht0karqxyo4qfr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Viculus Ferrariorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9899</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T21:26:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Ironmonger lane.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4223937 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Ironmonger lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4223937 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>9p7z2tkiswq1lf5q4h38cfb30y2bu1l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Palustris Vicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3507</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9901</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T21:32:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Fenchurch Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/686373529 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Fenchurch Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/686373529 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>j2avd0x9hawovclyox59yttmyo3csej</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Opus Australis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3508</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9903</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-23T21:39:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Southwark''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/27553712 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Southwark''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/27553712 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>1k9enrtorzo2wijccv3nzrkcuipg2t1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Viculus Mellis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3509</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9912</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T16:10:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Honey Lane.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/539989785 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Honey Lane.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/539989785 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>idwgr4va35ay9lpbprbztu1ta5ciew8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Longobardicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3510</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9914</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T16:15:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Lombard Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/975852292 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Lombard Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/975852292 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>rzgyk97f88agllwiux12e031lourxk0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vinetria</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3511</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9917</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T18:16:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Vintry''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/9032872811 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Vintry''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/9032872811 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>3v79x3m3wrlesebwtzuz7jtmbpbghz0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Regio)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3512</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9962</id>
      <parentid>9957</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:58:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="105" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Cornhill''; quoque ''Frumentarius Mons''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/9032878382 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>0le1uthcq3gvdao7lnpryep6xjhrj1g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Cornhill</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)" />
    <revision>
      <id>10157</id>
      <parentid>9921</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</text>
      <sha1>b1tziurmdizbd4bzf8jcnbl5zjspw2f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceum Collis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3514</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)" />
    <revision>
      <id>10158</id>
      <parentid>9924</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-27T07:06:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>2027</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>automaton: rectificatio redirectionis duplicis → [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</text>
      <sha1>b1tziurmdizbd4bzf8jcnbl5zjspw2f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Ripa Reginalis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3515</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9926</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:22:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Queenhithe''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3978952 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Queenhithe''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3978952 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>g6slcffnguri618z1nj1tq4nblymr0w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Aldermannorum Burgus parochia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3516</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9927</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:32:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Aldermanbury''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431661 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Aldermanbury''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431661 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>8xadjqm8m10ozj6yw4f2w4zt45hk0pq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Lacteus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9929</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:37:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Milk Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431669 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Milk Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431669 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>owhqx1j9us0s4hczy6tvnkb3ekgwxq5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Argenteus Vicus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3518</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9930</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:38:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Silver Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431669 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Silver Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8431669 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>fq3si1i3vvdzrbs44solony822bhcdq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Cervina Platea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9932</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:47:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Hart Steet''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/245983662 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Hart Steet''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/245983662 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>dbpqvmfwyjl145i8d7n5twgcgcqcbv6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Smegmaticus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9934</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T19:52:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Soper Lane. Non iam exstat.'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="39" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Soper Lane. Non iam exstat.</text>
      <sha1>mi3mfrct2jesml6ms3rigixjbadqibb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Colmannus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3521</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9936</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T20:02:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Coleman Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4084013 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Coleman Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/4084013 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>efn5noz69c3kaqshh8f3scosbze5xqv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Palustris Vicus (Regio)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9939</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T20:12:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Bread Street''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/ OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="68" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bread Street''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/ OSM]</text>
      <sha1>g0v0uhl36dvyr81mmaj3gyr4mnuhurh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vicus Ligneus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3523</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9941</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T20:19:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Wood Street.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3713824 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Wood Street.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3713824 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>owe6gw95qm252girzh5taesy0xb0zj6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Forum (Regio)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3524</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9943</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-24T21:13:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '''Anglice'' Cheap.  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3998353 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Cheap.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/3998353 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>j9xgw5g1dt8yt8oiwdy8nvqa7l87cso</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Episcopi (Via)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9947</id>
      <parentid>9946</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:02:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="76" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Bishopsgate.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/38900541 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>fdfor9r8hzhxt1gtujs65vzfhfjab17</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Episcopi (Regio)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9949</id>
      <parentid>9948</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:04:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Bishopsgate.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/7646215721 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>swp5fx5u12sg2cd94iloedf3hod5h6h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9951</id>
      <parentid>9950</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:10:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Vetus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">''Anglice'' Aldgate.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/7646215721 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>86ms4avl6dh9xf879dyfgesdgef8z5s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Vetus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3528</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta" />
    <revision>
      <id>9952</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:10:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Porta Vetus]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="78" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Vetus Porta]]</text>
      <sha1>3kcrmcg8zi9cc57bqetwt150w5bhm37</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3529</id>
    <redirect title="Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)" />
    <revision>
      <id>9956</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:51:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis]] ad [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)]]</text>
      <sha1>b1tziurmdizbd4bzf8jcnbl5zjspw2f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Region)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3530</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9961</id>
      <parentid>9958</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T12:54:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removed redirect to [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Urbs Londiniensis/Hordeaceus Collis (Regio)]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="105" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Cornhill''; quoque ''Frumentarius Mons''.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/9032872811 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>f1f7xj5ff87ib4vtsxfvo1iv8xw2jg0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Wimbledonia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9964</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T19:55:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Wimbledon''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/27553712 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Wimbledon''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/27553712 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5osx5jkgisye6yco9d2gzmumoseqaqr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Londinium Maius/Croydonia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3532</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9966</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-25T20:08:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Croydon''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/21262496 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Croydon''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/21262496 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>4bfc902pd1hj5du7ula3darbjsjw6t9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Vigorniensis comitatus/Bellus Locus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3533</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9970</id>
      <parentid>9969</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:49:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="455" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Bordeseley''.

Nomen Latinum 1308.

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/1875144 OSM]

Fons: Place Names of Worcestershire, Mawer &amp; Stenton 1969, p 40.
* {{Citation |publisher = Cambridge University Press |ol = |isbn = 521075017 |title = The Place Names of Worcestershire|edition=Reissued|series=English Place Name Society|volume=IV |publication-date = 1969 |first1 = A |last1=Mawer |first2 = Frank |last2=Stenton |location=Cambridge|page=40 }}</text>
      <sha1>1ltdix6jfxqp0mwckn0rueiwnk7vx3c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Formula:Citation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3534</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9971</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:50:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=citation }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="127" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=citation
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c5vwsrpqyl5vzwjnrpazsisamya1wve</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3535</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9972</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:51:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' --[[--------------------------&lt; S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------------------------  Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values: 	true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters 	false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported 	nil - these parameters are no longer supported. remove entirely 	 ]]  local basic_arguments = { 	['accessd...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="14572" xml:space="preserve">
--[[--------------------------&lt; S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------------------------

Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values:
	true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters
	false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported
	nil - these parameters are no longer supported. remove entirely
	
]]

local basic_arguments = {
	['accessdate'] = true,
	['access-date'] = true,
	['agency'] = true,
	['archivedate'] = true,
	['archive-date'] = true,
	['archive-format'] = true,
	['archiveurl'] = true,
	['archive-url'] = true,
	['article'] = true,
	['article-format'] = true,
	['article-url'] = true,
	['article-url-access'] = true,
	['arxiv'] = true,															-- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['asin'] = true,
	['ASIN'] = true,
	['asin-tld'] = true,
	['at'] = true,
	['author'] = true,
	['author-first'] = true,
	['author-given'] = true,
	['author-last'] = true,
	['author-surname'] = true,
	['authorlink'] = true,
	['author-link'] = true,
	['author-mask'] = true,
	['authors'] = true,
	['bibcode'] = true,
	['bibcode-access'] = true,
	['biorxiv'] = true,															-- cite biorxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['chapter'] = true,
	['chapter-format'] = true,
	['chapter-url'] = true,
	['chapter-url-access'] = true,
	['citeseerx'] = true,														-- cite citeseerx; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['collaboration'] = true,
	['contribution'] = true,
	['contribution-format'] = true,
	['contribution-url'] = true,
	['contribution-url-access'] = true,
	['contributor'] = true,
	['contributor-first'] = true,
	['contributor-given'] = true,
	['contributor-last'] = true,
	['contributor-surname'] = true,
	['contributor-link'] = true,
	['contributor-mask'] = true,
	['date'] = true,
	['department'] = true,
	['df'] = true,
	['dictionary'] = true,
	['display-authors'] = true,
	['display-contributors'] = true,
	['display-editors'] = true,
	['display-interviewers'] = true,
	['display-subjects'] = true,
	['display-translators'] = true,
	['doi'] = true,
	['DOI'] = true,
	['doi-access'] = true,
	['doi-broken-date'] = true,
	['edition'] = true,
	['editor'] = true,
	['editor-first'] = true,
	['editor-given'] = true,
	['editor-last'] = true,
	['editor-surname'] = true,
	['editor-link'] = true,
	['editor-mask'] = true,
	['eissn'] = true,
	['EISSN'] = true,
	['encyclopaedia'] = true,
	['encyclopedia'] = true,
	['entry'] = true,
	['entry-format'] = true,
	['entry-url'] = true,
	['entry-url-access'] = true,
	['eprint'] = true,															-- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['first'] = true,
	['format'] = true,
	['given'] = true,
	['hdl'] = true,
	['HDL'] = true,
	['hdl-access'] = true,
	['host'] = true,															-- unique to certain templates?
	['id'] = true,
	['ID'] = true,
	['institution'] = true,														-- constrain to cite thesis?
	['interviewer'] = true,
	['interviewer-first'] = true,
	['interviewer-given'] = true,
	['interviewer-last'] = true,
	['interviewer-surname'] = true,
	['interviewer-link'] = true,
	['interviewer-mask'] = true,
	['isbn'] = true,
	['ISBN'] = true,
	['ismn'] = true,
	['ISMN'] = true,
	['issn'] = true,
	['ISSN'] = true,
	['issue'] = true,
	['jfm'] = true,
	['JFM'] = true,
	['journal'] = true,
	['jstor'] = true,
	['JSTOR'] = true,
	['jstor-access'] = true,
	['lang'] = true,
	['language'] = true,
	['last'] = true,
	['lay-date'] = true,
	['lay-format'] = true,
	['lay-source'] = true,
	['lay-url'] = true,
	['lccn'] = true,
	['LCCN'] = true,
	['location'] = true,
	['magazine'] = true,
	['medium'] = true,
	['minutes'] = true,															-- constrain to cite AV media and podcast?
	['mode'] = true,
	['mr'] = true,
	['MR'] = true,
	['name-list-style'] = true,
	['newspaper'] = true,
	['no-pp'] = true,
	['no-tracking'] = true,
	['number'] = true,
	['oclc'] = true,
	['OCLC'] = true,
	['ol'] = true,
	['OL'] = true,
	['ol-access'] = true,
	['orig-date'] = true,
	['origyear'] = true,
	['orig-year'] = true,
	['osti'] = true,
	['OSTI'] = true,
	['osti-access'] = true,
	['others'] = true,
	['p'] = true,
	['page'] = true,
	['pages'] = true,
	['people'] = true,
	['periodical'] = true,
	['place'] = true,
	['pmc'] = true,
	['PMC'] = true,
	['pmc-embargo-date'] = true,
	['pmid'] = true,
	['PMID'] = true,
	['postscript'] = true,
	['pp'] = true,
	['publication-date'] = true,
	['publication-place'] = true,
	['publisher'] = true,
	['quotation'] = true,
	['quote'] = true,
	['quote-page'] = true,
	['quote-pages'] = true,
	['ref'] = true,
	['rfc'] = true,
	['RFC'] = true,
	['sbn'] = true,
	['SBN'] = true,
	['scale'] = true,
	['script-article'] = true,
	['script-chapter'] = true,
	['script-contribution'] = true,
	['script-entry'] = true,
	['script-journal'] = true,
	['script-magazine'] = true,
	['script-newspaper'] = true,
	['script-periodical'] = true,
	['script-quote'] = true,
	['script-section'] = true,
	['script-title'] = true,
	['script-website'] = true,
	['script-work'] = true,
	['section'] = true,
	['section-format'] = true,
	['section-url'] = true,
	['section-url-access'] = true,
	['series'] = true,
	['ssrn'] = true,															-- cite ssrn; these three here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['SSRN'] = true,
	['ssrn-access'] = true,
	['subject'] = true,
	['subject-link'] = true,
	['subject-mask'] = true,
	['surname'] = true,
	['s2cid'] = true,
	['S2CID'] = true,
	['s2cid-access'] = true,
	['template-doc-demo'] = true,
	['time'] = true,															-- constrain to cite av media and podcast?
	['time-caption'] = true,													-- constrain to cite av media and podcast?
	['title'] = true,
	['title-link'] = true,
	['translator'] = true,
	['translator-first'] = true,
	['translator-given'] = true,
	['translator-last'] = true,	
	['translator-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask'] = true,
	['trans-article'] = true,
	['trans-chapter'] = true,
	['trans-contribution'] = true,
	['trans-entry'] = true,
	['trans-journal'] = true,
	['trans-magazine'] = true,
	['trans-newspaper'] = true,
	['trans-periodical'] = true,
	['trans-quote'] = true,
	['trans-section'] = true,
	['trans-title'] = true,
	['trans-website'] = true,
	['trans-work'] = true,
	['type'] = true,
	['url'] = true,
	['URL'] = true,
	['url-access'] = true,
	['url-status'] = true,
	['vauthors'] = true,
	['veditors'] = true,
	['version'] = true,
	['via'] = true,
	['volume'] = true,
	['website'] = true,
	['work'] = true,
	['year'] = true,
	['zbl'] = true,
	['ZBL'] = true,
}

local numbered_arguments = {
	['author#'] = true,
	['author-first#'] = true,
	['author#-first'] = true,
	['author-given#'] = true,
	['author#-given'] = true,
	['author-last#'] = true,
	['author#-last'] = true,
	['author-surname#'] = true,
	['author#-surname'] = true,
	['author-link#'] = true,
	['author#-link'] = true,
	['authorlink#'] = true,
	['author#link'] = true,
	['author-mask#'] = true,
	['author#-mask'] = true,
	['contributor#'] = true,
	['contributor-first#'] = true,
	['contributor#-first'] = true,
	['contributor-given#'] = true,
	['contributor#-given'] = true,
	['contributor-last#'] = true,
	['contributor#-last'] = true,
	['contributor-surname#'] = true,
	['contributor#-surname'] = true,
	['contributor-link#'] = true,
	['contributor#-link'] = true,
	['contributor-mask#'] = true,
	['contributor#-mask'] = true,
	['editor#'] = true,
	['editor-first#'] = true,
	['editor#-first'] = true,
	['editor-given#'] = true,
	['editor#-given'] = true,
	['editor-last#'] = true,
	['editor#-last'] = true,
	['editor-surname#'] = true,
	['editor#-surname'] = true,
	['editor-link#'] = true,
	['editor#-link'] = true,
	['editor-mask#'] = true,
	['editor#-mask'] = true,
	['first#'] = true,
	['given#'] = true,
	['host#'] = true,
	['interviewer#'] = true,
	['interviewer-first#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-first'] = true,
	['interviewer-given#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-given'] = true,
	['interviewer-last#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-last'] = true,
	['interviewer-surname#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-surname'] = true,
	['interviewer-link#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-link'] = true,
	['interviewer-mask#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-mask'] = true,
	['last#'] = true,
	['subject#'] = true,
	['subject-link#'] = true,
	['subject#-link'] = true,
	['subject-mask#'] = true,
	['subject#-mask'] = true,
	['surname#'] = true,
	['translator#'] = true,
	['translator-first#'] = true,
	['translator#-first'] = true,
	['translator-given#'] = true,
	['translator#-given'] = true,
	['translator-last#'] = true,
	['translator#-last'] = true,
	['translator-surname#'] = true,
	['translator#-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link#'] = true,
	['translator#-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask#'] = true,
	['translator#-mask'] = true,
}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P R E P R I N T   S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------

Cite arXiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, and cite ssrn are preprint templates that use the limited set of parameters
defined in the limited_basic_arguments and limited_numbered_arguments tables.  Those lists are supplemented with a
template-specific list of parameters that are required by the particular template and may be exclusive to one of the
preprint templates.  Some of these parameters may also be available to the general cs1|2 templates.

Same conventions for true/false/dicouraged/nil as above.

]]

local preprint_arguments = {
	arxiv = {
		['arxiv'] = true,														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers
		['class'] = true,
		['eprint'] = true,														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers
		},
	biorxiv = {
		['biorxiv'] = true,
		},
	citeseerx = {
		['citeseerx'] = true,
		},
	ssrn = {
		['ssrn'] = true,
		['SSRN'] = true,
		['ssrn-access'] = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I M I T E D   S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;----------------------

cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, and cite ssrn templates are preprint templates so are allowed only a
limited subset of parameters allowed to all other cs1|2 templates.  The limited subset is defined here.

Same conventions for true/false/dicouraged/nil as above.
	
]]

local limited_basic_arguments = {
	['at'] = true,
	['author'] = true,
	['author-first'] = true,
	['author-given'] = true,
	['author-last'] = true,
	['author-surname'] = true,
	['author-link'] = true,
	['authorlink'] = true,
	['author-mask'] = true,
	['authors'] = true,
	['collaboration'] = true,
	['date'] = true,
	['df'] = true,
	['display-authors'] = true,
	['first'] = true,
	['given'] = true,
	['language'] = true,
	['last'] = true,
	['mode'] = true,
	['name-list-style'] = true,
	['no-tracking'] = true,
	['p'] = true,
	['page'] = true,
	['pages'] = true,
	['postscript'] = true,
	['pp'] = true,
	['quotation'] = true,
	['quote'] = true,
	['ref'] = true,
	['surname'] = true,
	['template-doc-demo'] = true,
	['title'] = true,
	['trans-title'] = true,
	['vauthors'] = true,
	['year'] = true,
}

local limited_numbered_arguments = {
	['author#'] = true,
	['author-first#'] = true,
	['author#-first'] = true,
	['author-given#'] = true,
	['author#-given'] = true,
	['author-last#'] = true,
	['author#-last'] = true,
	['author-surname#'] = true,
	['author#-surname'] = true,
	['author-link#'] = true,
	['author#-link'] = true,
	['authorlink#'] = true,
	['author#link'] = true,
	['author-mask#'] = true,
	['author#-mask'] = true,
	['first#'] = true,
	['given#'] = true,
	['last#'] = true,
	['surname#'] = true,
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; U N I Q U E _ A R G U M E N T S &gt;----------------------------------------------

Some templates have unique parameters.  Those templates and their unique parameters are listed here. Keys in this
table are the template's CitationClass parameter value

Same conventions for true/false/dicouraged/nil as above.

]]

local unique_arguments = {
	['audio-visual'] = {
		['transcript'] = true,
		['transcript-format'] = true,
		['transcript-url'] = true,
		},
	conference = {
		['book-title'] = true,
		['conference'] = true,
		['conference-format'] = true,
		['conference-url'] = true,
		['event'] = true,
		},
	episode = {
		['airdate'] = true,
		['air-date'] = true,
		['credits'] = true,
		['episode-link'] = true,												-- alias of |title-link=
		['network'] = true,
		['season'] = true,
		['series-link'] = true,
		['series-no'] = true,
		['series-number'] = true,
		['station'] = true,
		['transcript'] = true,
		['transcript-format'] = true,
		['transcripturl'] = false,
		['transcript-url'] = true,
		},
	mailinglist = {
		['mailing-list'] = true,
		},
	map = {
		['cartography'] = true,
		['inset'] = true,
		['map'] = true,
		['map-format'] = true,
		['map-url'] = true,
		['map-url-access'] = true,
		['script-map'] = true,
		['sections'] = true,
		['sheet'] = true,
		['sheets'] = true,
		['trans-map'] = true,
		},
	newsgroup = {
		['message-id'] = true,
		['newsgroup'] = true,
		},
	report = {
		['docket'] = true,
		},
	serial = {
		['airdate'] = true,
		['air-date'] = true,
		['credits'] = true,
		['episode'] = true,														-- cite serial only TODO: make available to cite episode?
		['episode-link'] = true,												-- alias of |title-link=
		['network'] = true,
		['series-link'] = true,
		['station'] = true,
		},
	speech = {
		['conference'] = true,
		['conference-format'] = true,
		['conference-url'] = true,
		['event'] = true,
		},
	thesis = {
		['degree'] = true,
		['docket'] = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E M P L A T E _ L I S T _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------------

gets a list of the templates from table t

]]

local function template_list_get (t)
	local out = {};																-- a table for output
	for k, _ in pairs (t) do													-- spin through the table and collect the keys
		table.insert (out, k)													-- add each key to the output table
	end
	return out;																	-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   T A B L E S &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	basic_arguments = basic_arguments,
	numbered_arguments = numbered_arguments,
	limited_basic_arguments = limited_basic_arguments,
	limited_numbered_arguments = limited_numbered_arguments,

	preprint_arguments = preprint_arguments,
	preprint_template_list = template_list_get (preprint_arguments),			-- make a template list from preprint_arguments{} table
	unique_arguments = unique_arguments,
	unique_param_template_list = template_list_get (unique_arguments),			-- make a template list from unique_arguments{} table
	};</text>
      <sha1>pe5jn7upqetz8mgrs3o3rxvhuwbzk8k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9973</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:53:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' local z = { 	error_categories = {};														-- for categorizing citations that contain errors 	error_ids = {}; 	message_tail = {}; 	maintenance_cats = {};														-- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work 	properties_cats = {};														-- for categorizing citations based on certain properties, language of source for instance };   --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="19249" xml:space="preserve">
local z = {
	error_categories = {};														-- for categorizing citations that contain errors
	error_ids = {};
	message_tail = {};
	maintenance_cats = {};														-- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work
	properties_cats = {};														-- for categorizing citations based on certain properties, language of source for instance
};


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ A C C E P T _ A S _ W R I T T E N &gt;------------------------------------

When &lt;str&gt; is wholly wrapped in accept-as-written markup, return &lt;str&gt; without markup and true; return &lt;str&gt; and false else

with allow_empty = false, &lt;str&gt; must have at least one character inside the markup
with allow_empty = true, &lt;str&gt; the markup frame can be empty like (()) to distinguish an empty template parameter from the specific condition &quot;has no applicable value&quot; in citation-context.

After further evaluation the two cases might be merged at a later stage, but should be kept separated for now.

]]

local function has_accept_as_written (str, allow_empty)
	local count;
	if true == allow_empty then
		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$', '%1'); 						-- allows (()) to be an empty set
	else
		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1');
	end
	return str, 0 ~= count;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

Returns true if argument is set; false otherwise. Argument is 'set' when it exists (not nil) or when it is not an empty string.

]]

local function is_set (var)
	return not (var == nil or var == '');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N _ A R R A Y &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Whether needle is in haystack

]]

local function in_array (needle, haystack)
	if needle == nil then
		return false;
	end
	for n, v in ipairs (haystack) do
		if v == needle then
			return n;
		end
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S U B S T I T U T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Populates numbered arguments in a message string using an argument table.

]]

local function substitute (msg, args)
	return args and mw.message.newRawMessage (msg, args):plain() or msg;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E R R O R _ C O M M E N T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Wraps error messages with CSS markup according to the state of hidden.

]]

local function error_comment (content, hidden)
	return substitute (hidden and cfg.presentation['hidden-error'] or cfg.presentation['visible-error'], content);
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; M A K E _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Makes a wikilink; when both link and display text is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L|D]]; if only
link is provided (or link and display are the same), returns a wikilink in the form [[L]]; if neither are
provided or link is omitted, returns an empty string.

]=]

local function make_wikilink (link, display)
	if not is_set (link) then return '' end

	if is_set (display) and link ~= display then			
		return table.concat ({'[[', link, '|', display, ']]'});			
	else
		return table.concat ({'[[', link, ']]'});
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ M E S S A G E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Sets an error condition and returns the appropriate error message.  The actual placement of the error message in the output is
the responsibility of the calling function.

TODO: change z.error_categories and z.maintenance_cats to have the form cat_name = true; to avoid dups without having to have an extra cat

]]
local added_maint_cats = {}														-- list of maintenance categories that have been added to z.maintenance_cats; TODO: figure out how to delete this table

local function set_message (error_id, arguments, raw, prefix, suffix)
	local error_state = cfg.error_conditions[error_id];
	
	prefix = prefix or '';
	suffix = suffix or '';
	
	if error_state == nil then
		error (cfg.messages['undefined_error'] .. ': ' .. error_id);			-- because missing error handler in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration

	elseif is_set (error_state.category) then
		if error_state.message then												-- when error_state.message defined, this is an error message
			table.insert (z.error_categories, error_state.category);
		else
			if not added_maint_cats[error_id] then
				added_maint_cats[error_id] = true;								-- note that we've added this category
				table.insert (z.maintenance_cats, substitute (error_state.category, arguments));	-- make cat name then add to table
			end
			return;																-- because no message, nothing more to do
		end
	end

	local message = substitute (error_state.message, arguments);

	message = table.concat (
		{
		message,
		' (',
		make_wikilink (
			table.concat (
				{
				cfg.messages['help page link'],
				'#',
				error_state.anchor
				}),
			cfg.messages['help page label']),
		')'
		});

	z.error_ids[error_id] = true;
	if z.error_ids['err_citation_missing_title'] and							-- if missing-title error already noted
		in_array (error_id, {'err_bare_url_missing_title', 'err_trans_missing_title'}) then		-- and this error is one of these
			return '', false;													-- don't bother because one flavor of missing title is sufficient
	end
	
	message = table.concat ({prefix, message, suffix});

	if raw == true then
		return message, error_state.hidden;
	end		

	return error_comment (message, error_state.hidden);
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; I S _ A L I A S _ U S E D &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

This function is used by select_one() to determine if one of a list of alias parameters is in the argument list
provided by the template.

Input:
	args – pointer to the arguments table from calling template
	alias – one of the list of possible aliases in the aliases lists from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
	index – for enumerated parameters, identifies which one
	enumerated – true/false flag used to choose how enumerated aliases are examined
	value – value associated with an alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
	selected – the alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
	error_list – list of aliases that are duplicates of the alias already selected

Returns:
	value – value associated with alias we selected or that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected
	selected – the alias we selected or the alias that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected

]]

local function is_alias_used (args, alias, index, enumerated, value, selected, error_list)
	if enumerated then															-- is this a test for an enumerated parameters?
		alias = alias:gsub ('#', index);										-- replace '#' with the value in index
	else
		alias = alias:gsub ('#', '');											-- remove '#' if it exists
	end

	if is_set (args[alias]) then													-- alias is in the template's argument list
		if value ~= nil and selected ~= alias then								-- if we have already selected one of the aliases
			local skip;
			for _, v in ipairs (error_list) do									-- spin through the error list to see if we've added this alias
				if v == alias then
					skip = true;
					break;														-- has been added so stop looking 
				end
			end
			if not skip then													-- has not been added so
				table.insert (error_list, alias);								-- add error alias to the error list
			end
		else
			value = args[alias];												-- not yet selected an alias, so select this one
			selected = alias;
		end
	end
	return value, selected;														-- return newly selected alias, or previously selected alias
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ M A I N T _ C A T &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Adds a category to z.maintenance_cats using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.
To prevent duplication, the added_maint_cats table lists the categories by key that have been added to z.maintenance_cats.

]]

local function add_maint_cat (key, arguments)
	if not added_maint_cats [key] then
		added_maint_cats [key] = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		table.insert (z.maintenance_cats, substitute (cfg.maint_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ P R O P _ C A T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Adds a category to z.properties_cats using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.

foreign_lang_source and foreign_lang_source_2 keys have a language code appended to them so that multiple languages
may be categorized but multiples of the same language are not categorized.

added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above

]]

local added_prop_cats = {};														-- list of property categories that have been added to z.properties_cats

local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments)
	if not added_prop_cats [key] then
		added_prop_cats [key] = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		key = key:gsub ('(foreign_lang_source_?2?)%a%a%a?[%a%-]*', '%1');		-- strip lang code from keyname
		table.insert (z.properties_cats, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ F O R _ I T A L I C S &gt;----------------------------------------------

Protects a string that will be wrapped in wiki italic markup '' ... ''

Note: We cannot use &lt;i&gt; for italics, as the expected behavior for italics specified by ''...'' in the title is that
they will be inverted (i.e. unitalicized) in the resulting references.  In addition, &lt;i&gt; and '' tend to interact
poorly under Mediawiki's HTML tidy.

]]

local function safe_for_italics (str)
	if not is_set (str) then return str end

	if str:sub (1, 1) == &quot;'&quot; then str = &quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot; .. str; end
	if str:sub (-1, -1) == &quot;'&quot; then str = str .. &quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;; end
	
	-- Remove newlines as they break italics.
	return str:gsub ('\n', ' ');

end


--[[--------------------------&lt; W R A P _ S T Y L E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Applies styling to various parameters.  Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one
argument; protects italic styled parameters.  Additional text taken from citation_config.presentation - the reason
this function is similar to but separate from wrap_msg().

]]

local function wrap_style (key, str)
	if not is_set (str) then
		return &quot;&quot;;
	elseif in_array (key, {'italic-title', 'trans-italic-title'}) then
		str = safe_for_italics (str);
	end

	return substitute (cfg.presentation[key], {str});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ S E P _ L I S T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

make a separated list of items using provided separators.
	&lt;sep_list&gt; - typically '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;'
	&lt;sep_list_pair&gt; - typically '&lt;space&gt;and&lt;space&gt;'
	&lt;sep_list_end&gt; - typically '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;and&lt;space&gt;' or '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;&amp;&lt;space&gt;'

defaults to cfg.presentation['sep_list'], cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'], and cfg.presentation['sep_list_end']
if &lt;sep_list_end&gt; is specified, &lt;sep_list&gt; and &lt;sep_list_pair&gt; must also be supplied

]]

local function make_sep_list (count, list_seq, sep_list, sep_list_pair, sep_list_end)
	local list = '';

	if not sep_list then														-- set the defaults
		sep_list = cfg.presentation['sep_list'];
		sep_list_pair = cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'];
		sep_list_end = cfg.presentation['sep_list_end'];
	end
	
	if 2 &gt;= count then
		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list_pair);							-- insert separator between two items; returns list_seq[1] then only one item
	elseif 2 &lt; count then
		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list, 1, count - 1);					-- concatenate all but last item with plain list separator
		list = table.concat ({list, list_seq[count]}, sep_list_end);			-- concatenate last item onto end of &lt;list&gt; with final separator
	end
	
	return list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E L E C T _ O N E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Chooses one matching parameter from a list of parameters to consider.  The list of parameters to consider is just
names.  For parameters that may be enumerated, the position of the numerator in the parameter name is identified
by the '#' so |author-last1= and |author1-last= are represented as 'author-last#' and 'author#-last'.

Because enumerated parameter |&lt;param&gt;1= is an alias of |&lt;param&gt;= we must test for both possibilities.


Generates an error if more than one match is present.

]]

local function select_one (args, aliases_list, error_condition, index)
	local value = nil;															-- the value assigned to the selected parameter
	local selected = '';														-- the name of the parameter we have chosen
	local error_list = {};

	if index ~= nil then index = tostring(index); end

	for _, alias in ipairs (aliases_list) do									-- for each alias in the aliases list
		if alias:match ('#') then												-- if this alias can be enumerated
			if '1' == index then												-- when index is 1 test for enumerated and non-enumerated aliases
				value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- first test for non-enumerated alias
			end
			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, true, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for enumerated alias
		else
			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for non-enumerated alias
		end
	end

	if #error_list &gt; 0 and 'none' ~= error_condition then						-- for cases where this code is used outside of extract_names()
		for i, v in ipairs (error_list) do
			error_list[i] = wrap_style ('parameter', v);
		end
		table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', selected));
		table.insert (z.message_tail, {set_message (error_condition, {make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)}, true)});
	end
	
	return value, selected;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; R E M O V E _ W I K I _ L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------

Gets the display text from a wikilink like [[A|B]] or [[B]] gives B

The str:gsub() returns either A|B froma [[A|B]] or B from [[B]] or B from B (no wikilink markup).

In l(), l:gsub() removes the link and pipe (if they exist); the second :gsub() trims whitespace from the label
if str was wrapped in wikilink markup.  Presumably, this is because without wikimarkup in str, there is no match
in the initial gsub, the replacement function l() doesn't get called.

]=]

local function remove_wiki_link (str)
	return (str:gsub (&quot;%[%[([^%[%]]*)%]%]&quot;, function(l)
		return l:gsub (&quot;^[^|]*|(.*)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot; ):gsub (&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;);
	end));
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ W I K I L I N K &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Determines if str is a wikilink, extracts, and returns the wikilink type, link text, and display text parts.
If str is a complex wikilink ([[L|D]]):
	returns wl_type 2 and D and L from [[L|D]];
if str is a simple wikilink ([[D]])
	returns wl_type 1 and D from [[D]] and L as empty string;
if not a wikilink:
	returns wl_type 0, str as D, and L as empty string.

trims leading and trailing whitespace and pipes from L and D ([[L|]] and [[|D]] are accepted by MediaWiki and
treated like [[D]]; while [[|D|]] is not accepted by MediaWiki, here, we accept it and return D without the pipes).

]=]

local function is_wikilink (str)
	local D, L
	local wl_type = 2;															-- assume that str is a complex wikilink [[L|D]]

	if not str:match ('^%[%[[^%]]+%]%]$') then									-- is str some sort of a wikilink (must have some sort of content)
		return 0, str, '';														-- not a wikilink; return wl_type as 0, str as D, and empty string as L
	end
	
	L, D = str:match ('^%[%[([^|]+)|([^%]]+)%]%]$');							-- get L and D from [[L|D]] 

	if not is_set (D) then														-- if no separate display
		D = str:match ('^%[%[([^%]]*)|*%]%]$');									-- get D from [[D]] or [[D|]]
		wl_type = 1; 
	end
	
	D = mw.text.trim (D, '%s|');												-- trim white space and pipe characters 
	return wl_type, D, L or '';
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S T R I P _ A P O S T R O P H E _ M A R K U P &gt;--------------------------------

Strip wiki italic and bold markup from argument so that it doesn't contaminate COinS metadata.
This function strips common patterns of apostrophe markup.  We presume that editors who have taken the time to
markup a title have, as a result, provided valid markup. When they don't, some single apostrophes are left behind.

Returns the argument without wiki markup and a number; the number is more-or-less meaningless except as a flag
to indicate that markup was replaced; do not rely on it as an indicator of how many of any kind of markup was
removed; returns the argument and nil when no markup removed

]]

local function strip_apostrophe_markup (argument)
	if not is_set (argument) then
		return argument, nil;													-- no argument, nothing to do
	end

	if nil == argument:find ( &quot;''&quot;, 1, true ) then								-- Is there at least one double apostrophe?  If not, exit.
		return argument, nil;
	end

	local flag;
	while true do
		if argument:find (&quot;'''''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- bold italic (5)
			argument, flag = argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);						-- remove all instances of it
		elseif argument:find (&quot;''''&quot;, 1, true) then							-- italic start and end without content (4)
			argument, flag=argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		elseif argument:find (&quot;'''&quot;, 1, true) then							-- bold (3)
			argument, flag=argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		elseif argument:find (&quot;''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- italic (2)
			argument, flag = argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		else
			break;
		end
	end

	return argument, flag;														-- done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;
	
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	add_maint_cat = add_maint_cat,												-- exported functions
	add_prop_cat = add_prop_cat,
	error_comment = error_comment,
	has_accept_as_written = has_accept_as_written,
	in_array = in_array,
	is_set = is_set,
	is_wikilink = is_wikilink,
	make_sep_list = make_sep_list,
	make_wikilink = make_wikilink,
	remove_wiki_link = remove_wiki_link,
	safe_for_italics = safe_for_italics,
	select_one = select_one,
	set_message = set_message,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	strip_apostrophe_markup = strip_apostrophe_markup,
	substitute = substitute,
	wrap_style = wrap_style,

	z = z,																		-- exported table
	}</text>
      <sha1>12dopckfk6g95hjrotef4mkj3hq5uiw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3537</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9974</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:55:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style;		-- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration   --[[--------------------------&lt; F I L E - S C O P E   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;---------------------...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="63479" xml:space="preserve">
--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style;		-- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; F I L E - S C O P E   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------

File-scope variables are declared here

]]

local lang_object = mw.getContentLanguage();									-- used by is_valid_accessdate(), is_valid_year(), date_name_xlate(); TODO: move to ~/Configuration?
local year_limit;																-- used by is_valid_year()


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ A C C E S S D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------

returns true if:
	Wikipedia start date &lt;= accessdate &lt; today + 2 days

Wikipedia start date is 2001-01-15T00:00:00 UTC which is 979516800 seconds after 1970-01-01T00:00:00 UTC (the start of Unix time)
accessdate is the date provided in |access-date= at time 00:00:00 UTC
today is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours
	if today is 2015-01-01T00:00:00 then
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow

This function does not work if it is fed month names for languages other than English.  Wikimedia #time: parser
apparently doesn't understand non-English date month names. This function will always return false when the date
contains a non-English month name because good1 is false after the call to lang.formatDate().  To get around that
call this function with YYYY-MM-DD format dates.

]=]

local function is_valid_accessdate (accessdate)
	local good1, good2;
	local access_ts, tomorrow_ts;												-- to hold Unix time stamps representing the dates

	good1, access_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', accessdate );			-- convert accessdate value to Unix timestamp 
	good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', 'today + 2 days' );	-- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow
	
	if good1 and good2 then														-- lang.formatDate() returns a timestamp in the local script which which tonumber() may not understand
		access_ts = tonumber (access_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (access_ts);		-- convert to numbers for the comparison;
		tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (tomorrow_ts);
	else
		return false;															-- one or both failed to convert to Unix time stamp
	end

	if 979516800 &lt;= access_ts and access_ts &lt; tomorrow_ts then					-- Wikipedia start date &lt;= accessdate &lt; tomorrow's date
		return true;
	else
		return false;															-- accessdate out of range
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ E M B A R G O _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------

returns true and date value if that value has proper dmy, mdy, ymd format.

returns false and 9999 (embargoed forever) when date value is not proper format; assumes that when |pmc-embargo-date= is
set, the editor intended to embargo a PMC but |pmc-embargo-date= does not hold a single date.

]]

local function is_valid_embargo_date (v)
	if v:match ('^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$') or									-- ymd
		v:match ('^%d%d?%s+%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$') or									-- dmy
		v:match ('^%a+%s+%d%d?%s*,%s*%d%d%d%d$') then							-- mdy
			return true, v;
	end
	return false, '9999';														-- if here not good date so return false and set embargo date to long time in future
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ M O N T H _ N U M B E R &gt;----------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the month in a date: 1 for January, etc.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct.
If not a valid month, returns 0

]]

local function get_month_number (month)
	return cfg.date_names['local'].long[month] or cfg.date_names['local'].short[month] or	-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].long[month] or	cfg.date_names['en'].short[month] or		-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																				-- not a recognized month name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ S E A S O N _ N U M B E R &gt;--------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the sequence of seasons in a year: 21 for Spring, etc.  Capitalization and spelling
must be correct. If not a valid season, returns 0.
	21-24 = Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter, independent of “Hemisphere”

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

Season numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'.  The standard defines various divisions using
numbers 21-41.  cs1|2 only supports generic seasons.  EDTF does support the distinction between north and south
hemisphere seasons but cs1|2 has no way to make that distinction.

These additional divisions not currently supported:
	25-28 = Spring - Northern Hemisphere, Summer- Northern Hemisphere, Autumn - Northern Hemisphere, Winter - Northern Hemisphere
	29-32 = Spring – Southern Hemisphere, Summer– Southern Hemisphere, Autumn – Southern Hemisphere, Winter - Southern Hemisphere
	33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)
	37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each)
	40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each)

]]

local function get_season_number (season, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- season dates only supported by |date=
	end
	return cfg.date_names['local'].season[season] or							-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].season[season] or								-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized season name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ Q U A R T E R _ N U M B E R &gt;------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the sequence of quarters in a year: 33 for first quarter, etc.  Capitalization and spelling
must be correct. If not a valid quarter, returns 0.
	33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

Quarter numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'.  The standard defines various divisions using
numbers 21-41.  cs1|2 only supports generic seasons and quarters.

These additional divisions not currently supported:
	37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each)
	40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each)

]]

local function get_quarter_number (quarter, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- quarter dates only supported by |date=
	end
	quarter = mw.ustring.gsub (quarter, ' +', ' ');								-- special case replace multiple space chars with a single space char
	return cfg.date_names['local'].quarter[quarter] or							-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].quarter[quarter] or							-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized quarter name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ P R O P E R _ N A M E _ N U M B E R &gt;----------------------------------

returns a non-zero number if date contains a recognized proper-name.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct.

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

]]

local function get_proper_name_number (name, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- proper-name dates only supported by |date=
	end
	return cfg.date_names['local'].named[name] or								-- look for local names dates first
			cfg.date_names['en'].named[name] or									-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized named date
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ E L E M E N T _ N U M B E R &lt;------------------------------------------

returns true if month or season or quarter or proper name is valid (properly spelled, capitalized, abbreviated)

]]

local function get_element_number (element, param)
	local num;
	
	local funcs = {get_month_number, get_season_number, get_quarter_number, get_proper_name_number};	-- list of functions to execute in order
	
	for _, func in ipairs (funcs) do											-- spin through the function list
		num = func (element, param);											-- call the function and get the returned number
		if 0 ~= num then														-- non-zero when valid month season quarter 
			return num;															-- return that number
		end
	end
	return nil;																	-- not valid
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ Y E A R &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Function gets current year from the server and compares it to year from a citation parameter.  Years more than one
year in the future are not acceptable.

]]

local function is_valid_year (year)
	if not is_set(year_limit) then
		year_limit = tonumber(os.date(&quot;%Y&quot;))+1;									-- global variable so we only have to fetch it once
	end

	year = tonumber (year) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (year);			-- convert to numbers for the comparison;
	return year and (year &lt;= year_limit) or false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Returns true if day is less than or equal to the number of days in month and year is no farther into the future
than next year; else returns false.

Assumes Julian calendar prior to year 1582 and Gregorian calendar thereafter. Accounts for Julian calendar leap
years before 1582 and Gregorian leap years after 1582. Where the two calendars overlap (1582 to approximately
1923) dates are assumed to be Gregorian.

]]

local function is_valid_date (year, month, day)
local days_in_month = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
local month_length;
	if not is_valid_year(year) then												-- no farther into the future than next year
		return false;
	end
	
	month = tonumber(month);													-- required for YYYY-MM-DD dates
	
	if (2 == month) then														-- if February
		month_length = 28;														-- then 28 days unless
		if 1582 &gt; tonumber(year) then											-- Julian calendar
			if 0 == (year%4) then												-- is a leap year?
				month_length = 29;												-- if leap year then 29 days in February
			end
		else																	-- Gregorian calendar
			if (0 == (year%4) and (0 ~= (year%100) or 0 == (year%400))) then	-- is a leap year?
				month_length = 29;												-- if leap year then 29 days in February
			end
		end
	else
		month_length = days_in_month[month];
	end

	if tonumber (day) &gt; month_length then
		return false;
	end
	return true;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ R A N G E _ S T Y L E &gt;--------------------------

Months in a range are expected to have the same style: Jan–Mar or October–December but not February–Mar or Jul–August. 
There is a special test for May because it can be either short or long form.

Returns true when style for both months is the same

]]

local function is_valid_month_range_style (month1, month2)
local len1 = month1:len();
local len2 = month2:len();
	if len1 == len2 then
		return true;															-- both months are short form so return true
	elseif 'May' == month1 or 'May'== month2 then -- ToDo: I18N
		return true;															-- both months are long form so return true
	elseif 3 == len1 or 3 == len2 then
		return false;															-- months are mixed form so return false
	else
		return true;															-- both months are long form so return true
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ S E A S O N _ R A N G E &gt;------------------------

Check a pair of months or seasons to see if both are valid members of a month or season pair.

Month pairs are expected to be left to right, earliest to latest in time.

All season ranges are accepted as valid because there are publishers out there who have published a Summer–Spring YYYY issue, hence treat as ok

]]

local function is_valid_month_season_range(range_start, range_end, param)
	local range_start_number = get_month_number (range_start);
	local range_end_number;

	if 0 == range_start_number then												-- is this a month range?
		range_start_number = get_season_number (range_start, param);			-- not a month; is it a season? get start season number
		range_end_number = get_season_number (range_end, param);				-- get end season number

		if (0 ~= range_start_number) and (0 ~= range_end_number) and (range_start_number ~= range_end_number) then
			return true;														-- any season pairing is accepted except when both are the same
		end
		return false;															-- range_start and/or range_end is not a season
	end
																				-- here when range_start is a month
	range_end_number = get_month_number (range_end);							-- get end month number
	if range_start_number &lt; range_end_number and								-- range_start is a month; does range_start precede range_end?
		is_valid_month_range_style (range_start, range_end) then				-- do months have the same style?
			return true;														-- proper order and same style
	end
	return false;																-- range_start month number is greater than or equal to range end number; or range end isn't a month
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------------------

This function receives a table of date parts for one or two dates and an empty table reference declared in
Module:Citation/CS1.  The function is called only for |date= parameters and only if the |date=&lt;value&gt; is 
determined to be a valid date format.  The question of what to do with invalid date formats is not answered here.

The date parts in the input table are converted to an ISO 8601 conforming date string:
	single whole dates:		yyyy-mm-dd
	month and year dates:	yyyy-mm
	year dates:				yyyy
	ranges:					yyyy-mm-dd/yyyy-mm-dd
							yyyy-mm/yyyy-mm
							yyyy/yyyy

Dates in the Julian calendar are reduced to year or year/year so that we don't have to do calendar conversion from
Julian to Proleptic Gregorian.

The input table has:
	year, year2 – always present; if before 1582, ignore months and days if present
	month, month2 – 0 if not provided, 1-12 for months, 21-24 for seasons; 99 Christmas
	day, day2 –  0 if not provided, 1-31 for days
	
the output table receives:
	rftdate:	an ISO 8601 formatted date
	rftchron:	a free-form version of the date, usually without year which is in rftdate (season ranges and proper-name dates)
	rftssn:		one of four season keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall (lowercase)
	rftquarter:	one of four values: 1, 2, 3, 4

]]

local function make_COinS_date (input, tCOinS_date)
	local date;																	-- one date or first date in a range
	local date2 = '';															-- end of range date
-- start temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty detection
	local year = tonumber(input.year);											-- this temporary code to determine the extent of sources dated to the Julian/Gregorian
	local month = tonumber(input.month);										-- interstice 1 October 1582 – 1 January 1926
	local day = tonumber (input.day);
	if (0 ~= day) and															-- day must have a value for this to be a whole date
		(((1582 == year) and (10 &lt;= month) and (12 &gt;= month)) or				-- any whole 1582 date from 1 October to 31 December or
			((1926 == year) and (1 == month) and (1 == input.day)) or			-- 1 January 1926 or
				((1582 &lt; year) and (1925 &gt;= year))) then						-- any date 1 January 1583 – 31 December 1925
					tCOinS_date.inter_cal_cat = true;							-- set category flag true
	end
-- end temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty detection
	
	if 1582 &gt; tonumber(input.year) or 20 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then			-- Julian calendar or season so &amp;rft.date gets year only
		date = input.year;
		if 0 ~= input.year2 and input.year ~= input.year2 then					-- if a range, only the second year portion when not the same as range start year
			date = string.format ('%.4d/%.4d', tonumber(input.year), tonumber(input.year2))		-- assemble the date range
		end
		if 20 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then										-- if season or proper-name date
			local season = {[24] = 'winter', [21] = 'spring', [22] = 'summer', [23] = 'fall', [33] = '1', [34] = '2', [35] = '3', [36] = '4', [98] = 'Easter', [99] = 'Christmas'};	-- seasons lowercase, no autumn; proper-names use title case
			if 0 == input.month2 then											-- single season date
				if 40 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then
					tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month];					-- proper-name dates
				elseif 30 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then
					tCOinS_date.rftquarter = season[input.month];				-- quarters
				else
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- seasons
				end
			else																-- season range with a second season specified
				if input.year ~= input.year2 then								-- season year – season year range or season year–year
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- start of range season; keep this?
					if 0~= input.month2 then
						tCOinS_date.rftchron = string.format ('%s %s – %s %s', season[input.month], input.year, season[input.month2], input.year2);
					end
				else															-- season–season year range
					tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];					-- start of range season; keep this?
					tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month] .. '–' .. season[input.month2];	-- season–season year range
				end
			end
		end
		tCOinS_date.rftdate = date;
		return;																	-- done
	end
	
	if 0 ~= input.day then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month), tonumber(input.day));	-- whole date
	elseif 0 ~= input.month then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month));	-- year and month
	else
		date = string.format ('%s', input.year);								-- just year
	end

	if 0 ~= input.year2 then
		if 0 ~= input.day2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2), tonumber(input.day2));		-- whole date
		elseif 0 ~= input.month2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2));	-- year and month
		else
			date2 = string.format ('/%s', input.year2);							-- just year
		end
	end
	
	tCOinS_date.rftdate = date .. date2;										-- date2 has the '/' separator
	return;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A T T E R N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

this is the list of patterns for date formats that this module recognizes.  Approximately the first half of these
patterns represent formats that might be reformatted into another format.  Those that might be reformatted have
'indicator' letters that identify the content of the matching capture: 'd' (day), 'm' (month), 'a' (anchor year),
'y' (year); second day, month, year have a '2' suffix.

These patterns are used for both date validation and for reformatting.  This table should not be moved to ~/Configuration
because changes to this table require changes to check_date() and to reformatter() and reformat_date()

]]

local patterns = {
	 																			-- year-initial numerical year-month-day
	['ymd'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'},					
																				-- month-initial: month day, year
	['Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash
	['Md-dy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day-initial: day month year
	['dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed; not supported at en.wiki
	--	['yMd'] = {'^((%d%d%d%d?)%a?) +(%D-) +(%d%d?)$', 'a', 'y', 'm', 'd'},
																				-- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash
	['d-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash
	['dM-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year;  uses spaced endash
	['Md-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$','m', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash
	['dMy-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'},
																				-- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year;  uses spaced endash
	['Mdy-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y2'},

																				-- these date formats cannot be converted, per se, but month name can be rendered short or long
																				-- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash
	['My-My'] = {'^(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'},
																				-- month/season range year; months separated by endash
	['M-My'] = {'^(%D-)[%-–](%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'm2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month/season year or proper-name year; quarter year when First Quarter YYYY etc.
	['My'] = {'^([^%d–]-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'a', 'y'},					-- this way because endash is a member of %D; %D- will match January–March 2019 when it shouldn't

																				-- these date formats cannot be converted
	['Sy4-y2'] = {'^(%D-) +((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)$'},						-- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash
	['Sy-y'] = {'^(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$'},						-- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash
	['y-y'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d?)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$'},							-- year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999
	['y4-y2'] = {'^((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)$'},								-- year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash
	['ymx'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-XX$', 'y', 'm'},							-- edtf year-initial numerical year-month-XX
	['y'] = {'^((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$'},												-- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Check date format to see that it is one of the formats approved by WP:DATESNO or WP:DATERANGE. Exception: only
allowed range separator is endash.  Additionally, check the date to see that it is a real date: no 31 in 30-day
months; no 29 February when not a leap year.  Months, both long-form and three character abbreviations, and seasons
must be spelled correctly.  Future years beyond next year are not allowed.

If the date fails the format tests, this function returns false and does not return values for anchor_year and
COinS_date.  When this happens, the date parameter is (DEBUG: not?) used in the COinS metadata and the CITEREF identifier gets
its year from the year parameter if present otherwise CITEREF does not get a date value.

Inputs:
	date_string - date string from date-holding parameters (date, year, publication-date, access-date, pmc-embargo-date, archive-date, lay-date)

Returns:
	false if date string is not a real date; else
	true, anchor_year, COinS_date
		anchor_year can be used in CITEREF anchors
		COinS_date is ISO 8601 format date; see make_COInS_date()

]]

local function check_date (date_string, param, tCOinS_date)
	local year;																	-- assume that year2, months, and days are not used;
	local year2 = 0;															-- second year in a year range
	local month = 0;
	local month2 = 0;															-- second month in a month range
	local day = 0;
	local day2 = 0;																-- second day in a day range
	local anchor_year;
	local coins_date;

	if date_string:match (patterns['ymd'][1]) then								-- year-initial numerical year month day format
		year, month, day = date_string:match (patterns['ymd'][1]);
		if 12 &lt; tonumber(month) or 1 &gt; tonumber(month) or 1582 &gt; tonumber(year) or 0 == tonumber(day) then return false; end	-- month or day number not valid or not Gregorian calendar
		anchor_year = year;
	
	elseif date_string:match (patterns['ymx'][1]) then							-- year-initial numerical year month edtf format
		year, month = date_string:match (patterns['ymx'][1]);
		if 12 &lt; tonumber(month) or 1 &gt; tonumber(month) or 1582 &gt; tonumber(year) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end	-- month number not valid or not Gregorian calendar or future year
		anchor_year = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy'][1]) then				-- month-initial: month day, year
		month, day, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
				
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-dy'][1]) then				-- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash
		month, day, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-dy'][1]);
		if tonumber(day) &gt;= tonumber(day2) then return false; end				-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same;
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
		month2=month;															-- for metadata
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy'][1]) then				-- day-initial: day month year
		day, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months

--[[ NOT supported at en.wiki
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['yMd'][1]) then				-- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed
		anchor_year, year, month, day = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['yMd'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
-- end NOT supported at en.wiki ]]

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['d-dMy'][1]) then				-- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash
		day, day2, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['d-dMy'][1]);
		if tonumber(day) &gt;= tonumber(day2) then return false; end				-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same;
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
		month2 = month;															-- for metadata
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dM-dMy'][1]) then			-- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash
		day, month, day2, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dM-dMy'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end	-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later;
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-Mdy'][1]) then			-- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year; uses spaced endash
		month, day, month2, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-Mdy'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy-dMy'][1]) then			-- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash
		day, month, year, day2, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy-dMy'][1]);
		if tonumber(year2) &lt;= tonumber(year) then return false; end				-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end		-- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end						-- both must be valid

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy-Mdy'][1]) then			-- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year; uses spaced endash
		month, day, year, month2, day2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy-Mdy'][1]);
		if tonumber(year2) &lt;= tonumber(year) then return false; end				-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end		-- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number(month2);
		if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end						-- both must be valid

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy4-y2'][1]) then			-- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash
		local century;
		month, year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy4-y2'][1]);
		if 'Winter' ~= month and 'Summer' ~= month then return false end;		-- 'month' can only be Winter or Summer
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		year2 = century..year2;													-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end			-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year
		month = get_season_number(month, param);

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy-y'][1]) then				-- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash
		month, year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy-y'][1]);
		if 'Winter' ~= month and 'Summer' ~= month then return false end;		-- 'month' can only be Winter or Summer
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;										-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end			-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year
		month = get_season_number (month, param);								-- for metadata

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My-My'][1]) then				-- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash
		month, year, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My-My'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) and 0 ~= get_month_number(month2) and is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then 	-- both must be month year, same month style
			month = get_month_number(month);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2);
		elseif 0 ~= get_season_number(month, param) and 0 ~= get_season_number(month2, param) then	-- both must be season year, not mixed
			month = get_season_number(month, param);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2, param);
		else
			 return false;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['M-My'][1]) then				-- month/season range year; months separated by endash 
		month, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['M-My'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or (not is_valid_year(year)) then return false; end
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) then									-- determined to be a valid range so just check this one to know if month or season
			month = get_month_number(month);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2);
			if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end
		else
			month = get_season_number(month, param);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2, param);
		end
		year2 = year;
		
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My'][1]) then				-- month/season/quarter/proper-name year
		month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My'][1]);
		if not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end
		month = get_element_number(month, param);								-- get month season quarter proper-name number or nil
		if not month then return false; end										-- not valid whatever it is

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y-y'][1]) then				-- Year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999
		year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y-y'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor year from both years
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y4-y2'][1]) then				-- Year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash
		local century;
		year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y4-y2'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor year from both years

		if in_array (param, {'date', 'publication-date', 'year'}) then
			add_prop_cat ('year_range_abbreviated');
		end

		if 13 &gt; tonumber(year2) then return false; end							-- don't allow 2003-05 which might be May 2003
		year2 = century .. year2;													-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y'][1]) then					-- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY
		anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y'][1]);
		if false == is_valid_year(year) then
			return false;
		end

	else
		return false;															-- date format not one of the MOS:DATE approved formats
	end

	if 'access-date' == param then												-- test accessdate here because we have numerical date parts
		if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 							-- all parts of a single date required
			0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then						-- none of these; accessdate must not be a range
				if not is_valid_accessdate(year .. '-' .. month .. '-' .. day) then	
					return false;												-- return false when accessdate out of bounds
				end
		else
			return false;														-- return false when accessdate is a range of two dates
		end
	end

	local result=true;															-- check whole dates for validity; assume true because not all dates will go through this test
	if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then		-- YMD (simple whole date)
		result = is_valid_date(year, month, day);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-d (day range)
		result = is_valid_date(year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date(year, month, day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-md (day month range)
		result = is_valid_date(year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date(year, month2, day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 ~= year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-ymd (day month year range)
		result = is_valid_date(year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date(year2, month2, day2);
	end
	
	if false == result then return false; end

	if nil ~= tCOinS_date then													-- this table only passed into this function when testing |date= parameter values
		make_COinS_date ({year = year, month = month, day = day, year2 = year2, month2 = month2, day2 = day2}, tCOinS_date);	-- make an ISO 8601 date string for COinS
	end
	
	return true, anchor_year;													-- format is good and date string represents a real date
end	


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Cycle the date-holding parameters in passed table date_parameters_list through check_date() to check compliance with MOS:DATE. For all valid dates, check_date() returns
true. The |date= parameter test is unique, it is the only date holding parameter from which values for anchor_year (used in CITEREF identifiers) and COinS_date (used in
the COinS metadata) are derived.  The |date= parameter is the only date-holding parameter that is allowed to contain the no-date keywords &quot;n.d.&quot; or &quot;nd&quot; (without quotes).

Unlike most error messages created in this module, only one error message is created by this function. Because all of the date holding parameters are processed serially,
parameters with errors are added to the &lt;error_list&gt; sequence table as the dates are tested.

]]

local function dates(date_parameters_list, tCOinS_date, error_list)
	local anchor_year;															-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local COinS_date;															-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local embargo_date;															-- if embargo date is a good dmy, mdy, ymd date then holds original value else reset to 9999
	local good_date = false;

	for k, v in pairs(date_parameters_list) do									-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(v.val) then													-- if the parameter has a value
			v.val = mw.ustring.gsub(v.val, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);	-- translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9
			if v.val:match(&quot;^c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$&quot;) then						-- special case for c. year or with or without CITEREF disambiguator - only |date= and |year=
				local year = v.val:match(&quot;c%. ([1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?&quot;);				-- get the year portion so it can be tested
				if 'date' == k then
					anchor_year, COinS_date = v.val:match(&quot;((c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?)&quot;);	-- anchor year and COinS_date only from |date= parameter
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				elseif 'year' == k then
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				end
			elseif 'date' == k then												-- if the parameter is |date=
				if v.val:match(&quot;^n%.d%.%a?$&quot;) then -- ToDo: I18N								-- if |date=n.d. with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((n%.d%.)%a?)&quot;); -- ToDo: I18N	-- &quot;n.d.&quot;; no error when date parameter is set to no date
				elseif v.val:match(&quot;^nd%a?$&quot;) then -- ToDo: I18N								-- if |date=nd with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((nd)%a?)&quot;); -- ToDo: I18N	-- &quot;nd&quot;;	no error when date parameter is set to no date
				else
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = check_date (v.val, k, tCOinS_date);	-- go test the date
				end
			elseif 'year' == k then												-- if the parameter is |year= it should hold only a year value
				if v.val:match(&quot;^[1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$&quot;) then						-- if |year = 3 or 4 digits only with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((%d+)%a?)&quot;);
				end
			elseif 'pmc-embargo-date' == k then											-- if the parameter is |pmc-embargo-date=
				good_date = check_date (v.val, k);								-- go test the date
				if true == good_date then										-- if the date is a valid date
					good_date, embargo_date = is_valid_embargo_date (v.val);	-- is |pmc-embargo-date= date a single dmy, mdy, or ymd formatted date? yes: returns embargo; no: returns 9999
				end
			else																-- any other date-holding parameter
				good_date = check_date (v.val, k);								-- go test the date
			end
			if false == good_date then											-- assemble one error message so we don't add the tracking category multiple times
				table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', v.name));	-- make parameter name suitable for error message list
			end
		end
	end
	return anchor_year, embargo_date;											-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; Y E A R _ D A T E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------------

Compare the value provided in |year= with the year value(s) provided in |date=.  This function sets a local numeric value:
	0 - year value does not match the year value in date
	1 - (default) year value matches the year value in date or one of the year values when date contains two years
	2 - year value matches the year value in date when date is in the form YYYY-MM-DD and year is disambiguated (|year=YYYYx)

the numernic value in &lt;result&gt; determines the 'output' if any from this function:
	0 – adds error message to error_list sequence table
	1 – adds maint cat
	2 – does nothing

]]

local function year_date_check (year_string, year_origin, date_string, date_origin, error_list)
	local year;
	local date1;
	local date2;
	local result = 1;															-- result of the test; assume that the test passes

	year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d?)');

	if date_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d') and year_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%a') then	--special case where both date and year are required YYYY-MM-DD and YYYYx
		date1 = date_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;															-- years don't match
		else
			result = 2;															-- years match; but because disambiguated, don't add to maint cat
		end
		
	elseif date_string:match (&quot;%d%d%d%d?.-%d%d%d%d?&quot;) then						-- any of the standard range formats of date with two three- or four-digit years
		date1, date2 = date_string:match (&quot;(%d%d%d%d?).-(%d%d%d%d?)&quot;);
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, &quot;%d%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d&quot;) then				-- YYYY-YY date ranges
		local century;
		date1, century, date2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, &quot;((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]+(%d%d)&quot;);
		date2 = century..date2;													-- convert YY to YYYY
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif date_string:match (&quot;%d%d%d%d?&quot;) then									-- any of the standard formats of date with one year
		date1 = date_string:match (&quot;(%d%d%d%d?)&quot;);
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;
		end
	else																		-- should never get here; this function called only when no other date errors
		result = 0;																-- no recognizable year in date
	end

	if 0 == result then															-- year / date mismatch
		table.insert (error_list, substitute (cfg.messages['mismatch'], {year_origin, date_origin}));	-- add error message to error_list sequence table
	elseif 1 == result then														-- redundant year / date
		set_message ('maint_date_year');										-- add a maint cat
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E F O R M A T T E R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

reformat 'date' into new format specified by format_param if pattern_idx (the current format of 'date') can be
reformatted.  Does the grunt work for reformat_dates().

The table re_formats maps pattern_idx (current format) and format_param (desired format) to a table that holds:
	format string used by string.format()
	identifier letters ('d', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2') that serve as indexes into a table t{} that holds captures
		from mw.ustring.match() for the various date parts specified by  patterns[pattern_idx][1]

Items in patterns{} have the general form:
	['ymd'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, where:
		['ymd'] is pattern_idx
		patterns['ymd'][1] is the match pattern with captures for mw.ustring.match()
		patterns['ymd'][2] is an indicator letter identifying the content of the first capture
		patterns['ymd'][3] ... the second capture etc.

when a pattern matches a date, the captures are loaded into table t{} in capture order using the idemtifier
characters as indexes into t{}  For the above, a ymd date is in t{} as:
	t.y = first capture (year), t.m = second capture (month), t.d = third capture (day)

To reformat, this function is called with the pattern_idx that matches the current format of the date and with
format_param set to the desired format.  This function loads table t{} as described and then calls string.format()
with the format string specified by re_format[pattern_idx][format_param][1] using values taken from t{} according
to the capture identifier letters specified by patterns[pattern_idx][format_param][n] where n is 2..

]]

local re_formats = {
	['ymd'] = {																	-- date format is ymd; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- |df=mdy
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- |df=dmy
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['Mdy'] = {																	-- date format is Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- |df=dmy
		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},									-- |df=ymd
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['dMy'] = {																	-- date format is dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- |df=mdy
		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},									-- |df=ymd
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['Md-dy'] = {																-- date format is Md-dy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'},						-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'},							-- |df=dmy -&gt; d-dMy 
		},
	['d-dMy'] = {																-- date format is d-d&gt;y; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'},							-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'},						-- |df=mdy -&gt; Md-dy 
		},
	['dM-dMy'] = {																-- date format is dM-dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'},				-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'y'},				-- |df=mdy -&gt; Md-Mdy 
		},
	['Md-Mdy'] = {																-- date format is Md-Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd',  'm2', 'd2', 'y'},			-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'},				-- |df=dmy -&gt; dM-dMy 
		},
	['dMy-dMy'] = {																-- date format is dMy-dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'},		-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'},	-- |df=mdy -&gt; Mdy-Mdy 
		},
	['Mdy-Mdy'] = {																-- date format is Mdy-Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'},	-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'},		-- |df=dmy -&gt; dMy-dMy 
		},
	['My-My'] = {																-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s %s – %s %s', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'y2'},						-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	['M-My'] = {																-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s–%s %s', 'm', 'm2', 'y'},									-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	['My'] = {																	-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s %s', 'm', 'y'},											-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	--	['yMd'] = {																-- not supported at en.wiki
	--		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},								-- |df=mdy
	--		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},								-- |df=dmy
	--		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=ymd
	--		},
	}


local function reformatter (date, pattern_idx, format_param, mon_len)
	if not in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Mdy', 'Md-dy', 'dMy', 'yMd', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then
		return;																	-- not in this set of date format patterns then not a reformattable date
	end
	
	if 'ymd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then
		return;																	-- ymd date ranges not supported at en.wiki; no point in reformatting ymd to ymd
	end

	if in_array (pattern_idx, {'My', 'M-My', 'My-My'}) then						-- these are not dmy/mdy so can't be 'reformatted' into either
		format_param = 'any';													-- so format-agnostic 
	end

																				-- yMd is not supported at en.wiki; if yMd is supported at your wiki, uncomment the next line
	--	if 'yMd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'yMd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy'}) then	-- these formats not convertable; yMd not supported at en.wiki
	-- if yMd is supported at your wiki, remove or comment-out the next line
	if 'yMd' == format_param then												-- yMd not supported at en.wiki
		return;																	-- not a reformattable date
	end
	
	local c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7;											-- these hold the captures specified in patterns[pattern_idx][1]
	c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7 = mw.ustring.match (date, patterns[pattern_idx][1]);	-- get the captures

	local t = {																	-- table that holds k/v pairs of date parts from the captures and patterns[pattern_idx][2..]
		[patterns[pattern_idx][2]] = c1;										-- at minimum there is always one capture with a matching indicator letter
		[patterns[pattern_idx][3] or 'x'] = c2;									-- patterns can have a variable number of captures; each capture requires an indicator letter;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][4] or 'x'] = c3;									-- where there is no capture, there is no indicator letter so n in patterns[pattern_idx][n] will be nil;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][5] or 'x'] = c4;									-- the 'x' here spoofs an indicator letter to prevent 'table index is nil' error
		[patterns[pattern_idx][6] or 'x'] = c5;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][7] or 'x'] = c6;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][8] or 'x'] = c7;
		};

	if t.a then																	-- if this date has an anchor year capture
		t.y = t.a;																-- use the anchor year capture when reassembling the date
	end

	if tonumber(t.m) then														-- if raw month is a number (converting from ymd)
		if 's' == mon_len then													-- if we are to use abbreviated month names
			t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_s'][tonumber(t.m)];					-- convert it to a month name
		else
			t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_l'][tonumber(t.m)];					-- convert it to a month name
		end
		t.d = t.d:gsub ('0(%d)', '%1');											-- strip leading '0' from day if present
	elseif 'ymd' == format_param then											-- when converting to ymd
		t.y = t.y:gsub ('%a', '');												-- strip CITREF disambiguator if present; anchor year already known so process can proceed
		if 1582 &gt; tonumber (t.y) then											-- ymd format dates not allowed before 1582
			return;
		end
		t.m = string.format ('%02d', get_month_number (t.m));					-- make sure that month and day are two digits
		t.d = string.format ('%02d', t.d);
	elseif mon_len then															-- if mon_len is set to either 'short' or 'long'
		for _, mon in ipairs ({'m', 'm2'}) do									-- because there can be two month names, check both 
			if t[mon] then
				t[mon] = get_month_number (t[mon]);								-- get the month number for this month (is length agnostic)
				if 0 == t[mon] then return; end									-- seasons and named dates can't be converted
				t[mon] = (('s' == mon_len) and cfg.date_names['inv_local_s'][t[mon]]) or cfg.date_names['inv_local_l'][t[mon]];	-- fetch month name according to length
			end
		end
	end

	local new_date = string.format (re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][1],	-- format string
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][2]],							-- named captures from t{}
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][3]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][4]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][5]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][6]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][7]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][8]]
		);

	return new_date;
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; R E F O R M A T _ D A T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Reformats existing dates into the format specified by format.

format is one of several manual keywords: dmy, dmy-all, mdy, mdy-all, ymd, ymd-all.  The -all version includes
access- and archive-dates; otherwise these dates are not reformatted.

This function allows automatic date formatting.  In ~/Configuration, the article source is searched for one of
the {{use xxx dates}} templates.  If found, xxx becomes the global date format as xxx-all.  If |cs1-dates= in
{{use xxx dates}} has legitimate value then that value determines how cs1|2 dates will be rendered.  Legitimate
values for |cs1-dates= are:
	l - all dates are rendered with long month names
	ls - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates use abbreviated month names
	ly - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format
	s - all dates are rendered with abbreviated (short) month names
	sy - publication dates use abbreviated month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format
	y - all dates are rendered in ymd format

the format argument for automatic date formatting will be the format specified by {{use xxx dates}} with the
value supplied by |cs1-dates so one of: xxx-l, xxx-ls, xxx-ly, xxx-s, xxx-sy, xxx-y, or simply xxx (|cs1-dates=
empty, omitted, or invalid) where xxx shall be either of dmy or mdy.

dates are extracted from date_parameters_list, reformatted (if appropriate), and then written back into the
list in the new format.  Dates in date_parameters_list are presumed here to be valid (no errors).  This function
returns true when a date has been reformatted, false else.  Actual reformatting is done by reformatter().

]]

local function reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, format)
	local all = false;															-- set to false to skip access- and archive-dates
	local len_p = 'l';															-- default publication date length shall be long
	local len_a = 'l';															-- default access-/archive-date length shall be long
	local result = false;
	local new_date;																
	
	if format:match('%a+%-all') then											-- manual df keyword; auto df keyword when length not specified in {{use xxx dates}}; 
		format = format:match('(%a+)%-all');									-- extract the format
		all = true;																-- all dates are long format dates because this keyword doesn't specify length
	elseif format:match('%a+%-[lsy][sy]?') then									-- auto df keywords; internal only
		all = true;																-- auto df applies to all dates; use length specified by capture len_p for all dates
		format, len_p, len_a = format:match('(%a+)%-([lsy])([sy]?)');			-- extract the format and length keywords
		if 'y' == len_p then													-- because allowed by MOS:DATEUNIFY (sort of) range dates and My dates not reformatted
			format = 'ymd';														-- override {{use xxx dates}}
		elseif (not is_set(len_a)) or (len_p == len_a) then						-- no access-/archive-date length specified or same length as publication dates then
			len_a = len_p;														-- in case len_a not set
		end
	end																			-- else only publication dates and they are long

	for param_name, param_val in pairs (date_parameters_list) do				-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set (param_val.val) then											-- if the parameter has a value
			if not (not all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'})) then	-- skip access- or archive-date unless format is xxx-all; yeah, ugly; TODO: find a better way
				for pattern_idx, pattern in pairs (patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, pattern[1]) then
						if all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'}) then	-- if this date is an access- or archive-date
							new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, (('y' == len_a) and 'ymd') or format, len_a);	-- choose ymd or dmy/mdy according to len_a setting
						else													-- all other dates
							new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, format, len_p);
						end
						
						if new_date then										-- set when date was reformatted
							date_parameters_list[param_name].val = new_date;	-- update date in date list
							result = true;										-- and announce that changes have been made
						end
					end	-- if
				end		-- for
			end			-- if
		end				-- if
	end					-- for
return result;																	-- declare boolean result and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E _ H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H &gt;----------------------------------------

Loops through the list of date-holding parameters and converts any hyphen to an ndash.  Not called if the cs1|2
template has any date errors.

Modifies the date_parameters_list and returns true if hyphens are replaced, else returns false.

]]

local function date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list)
	local result = false;
	local n;
	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set (param_val.val) and
			not mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, patterns.ymd[1]) then			-- for those that are not ymd dates (ustring because here digits may not be Western)
				param_val.val, n = param_val.val:gsub ('%-', '–');				-- replace any hyphen with ndash
				if 0 ~= n then
					date_parameters_list[param_name].val = param_val.val;		-- update the list
					result = true;
				end
		end
	end
	return result;																-- so we know if any hyphens were replaced
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E D T F _ T R A N S F O R M &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Loops through the list of date-holding parameters and converts any EDTF formatted dates to MOS compliant dates.
Only YYY-MM-XX supported at this time. Not called if the cs1|2 template has any date errors.

must be done before reformat_dates() and before date_hyphen_to_dash()

Modifies the date_parameters_list and returns true if transformation is performed, else returns false.

]]

local function edtf_transform (date_parameters_list)
	local result = false;
	local source_date = {};

	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(param_val.val) and param_val.val:match (patterns.ymx[1]) then	-- if parameter is set and is an EDTF dates
			source_date.year, source_date.month = param_val.val:match (patterns.ymx[1]);	-- get year and month number
			source_date.day = 1;												-- required by os.time()
			date_parameters_list[param_name].val = mw.text.trim (os.date ('%B %Y', os.time (source_date)));
			result = true;
		end
	end
	return result;																-- so we know if a transform was done
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; D A T E _ N A M E _ X L A T E &gt;------------------------------------------------

Attempts to translate English month names to local-language month names using names supplied by MediaWiki's
date parser function.  This is simple name-for-name replacement and may not work for all languages.

if xlat_dig is true, this function will also translate Western (English) digits to the local language's digits.
This will also translate ymd dates.

]]

local function date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, xlt_dig)
	local xlate;
	local mode;																	-- long or short month names
	local modified = false;
	local date;
	
	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(param_val.val) then											-- if the parameter has a value
			date = param_val.val;
			for month in mw.ustring.gmatch (date, '%a+') do						-- iterate through all dates in the date (single date or date range)
				if cfg.date_names.en.long[month] then
					mode = 'F';													-- English name is long so use long local name
				elseif cfg.date_names.en.short[month] then
					mode = 'M';													-- English name is short so use short local name
				else
					mode = nil;													-- not an English month name; could be local language month name or an English season name
				end
		
				if mode then													-- might be a season
					xlate = lang_object:formatDate(mode, '1' .. month);			-- translate the month name to this local language
					date = mw.ustring.gsub (date, month, xlate);				-- replace the English with the translation
					date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date;				-- save the translated date
					modified = true;
				end
			end

			if xlt_dig then														-- shall we also translate digits?
				date = date:gsub ('%d', cfg.date_names.xlate_digits);			-- translate digits from Western to 'local digits'
				date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date;					-- save the translated date
				modified = true;
			end
		end
	end
	
	return modified;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	add_prop_cat = utilities_page_ptr.add_prop_cat ;							-- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	set_message = utilities_page_ptr.set_message;
	substitute = utilities_page_ptr.substitute;
	wrap_style = utilities_page_ptr.wrap_style;

	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;														-- import tables from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {																		-- return exported functions
	dates = dates,
	year_date_check = year_date_check,
	reformat_dates = reformat_dates,
	date_hyphen_to_dash = date_hyphen_to_dash,
	date_name_xlate = date_name_xlate,
	edtf_transform = edtf_transform,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules
	}</text>
      <sha1>0e3bmc1trazjro3cqbxt2glpi4mw6un</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3538</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9975</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:55:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, set_message, select_one,			-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities 		substitute, make_wikilink;  local z;																		-- table of tables defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configurat...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="74379" xml:space="preserve">
--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, set_message, select_one,			-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
		substitute, make_wikilink;

local z;																		-- table of tables defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

declare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; that are created here and used here

]]

local auto_link_urls = {};														-- holds identifier URLs for those identifiers that can auto-link |title=


--============================&lt;&lt; H E L P E R   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;============================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; W I K I D A T A _ A R T I C L E _ N A M E _ G E T &gt;----------------------------

as an aid to internationalizing identifier-label wikilinks, gets identifier article names from Wikidata.

returns :&lt;lang code&gt;:&lt;article title&gt; when &lt;q&gt; has an &lt;article title&gt; for &lt;lang code&gt;; nil else

for identifiers that do not have q, returns nil

for wikis that do not have mw.wikibase installed, returns nil

]]

local function wikidata_article_name_get (q)
	if not is_set (q) or (q and not mw.wikibase) then							-- when no q number or when a q number but mw.wikibase not installed on this wiki
		return nil;																-- abandon
	end

	local wd_article;
	local this_wiki_code = cfg.this_wiki_code;									-- Wikipedia subdomain; 'en' for en.wikipedia.org

	wd_article = mw.wikibase.getSitelink (q, this_wiki_code .. 'wiki');			-- fetch article title from WD; nil when no title available at this wiki

	if wd_article then
		wd_article = table.concat ({':', this_wiki_code, ':', wd_article});		-- interwiki-style link without brackets if taken from WD; leading colon required
	end

	return wd_article;															-- article title from WD; nil else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ L A B E L _ M A K E &gt;------------------------------------------------

common function to create identifier link label from handler table or from Wikidata

returns the first available of
	1. redirect from local wiki's handler table (if enabled)
	2. Wikidata (if there is a Wikidata entry for this identifier in the local wiki's language)
	3. label specified in the local wiki's handler table
	
]]

local function link_label_make (handler)
	local wd_article;
	
	if not (cfg.use_identifier_redirects and is_set (handler.redirect)) then	-- redirect has priority so if enabled and available don't fetch from Wikidata because expensive
		wd_article = wikidata_article_name_get (handler.q);						-- if Wikidata has an article title for this wiki, get it;
	end
	
	return (cfg.use_identifier_redirects and is_set (handler.redirect) and handler.redirect) or wd_article or handler.link;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T E R N A L _ L I N K _ I D &gt;----------------------------------------------

Formats a wiki-style external link

]]

local function external_link_id (options)
	local url_string = options.id;
	local ext_link;
	local this_wiki_code = cfg.this_wiki_code;									-- Wikipedia subdomain; 'en' for en.wikipedia.org
	local wd_article;															-- article title from Wikidata
	
	if options.encode == true or options.encode == nil then
		url_string = mw.uri.encode (url_string, 'PATH');
	end

	if options.auto_link and is_set (options.access) then
		auto_link_urls[options.auto_link] = table.concat ({options.prefix, url_string, options.suffix});
	end

	ext_link = mw.ustring.format ('[%s%s%s %s]', options.prefix, url_string, options.suffix or &quot;&quot;, mw.text.nowiki (options.id));
	if is_set (options.access) then
		ext_link = substitute (cfg.presentation['ext-link-access-signal'], {cfg.presentation[options.access].class, cfg.presentation[options.access].title, ext_link});	-- add the free-to-read / paywall lock
	end

	return table.concat	({
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (options), options.label),				-- redirect, Wikidata link, or locally specified link (in that order)
		options.separator or '&amp;nbsp;',
		ext_link
		});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N T E R N A L _ L I N K _ I D &gt;----------------------------------------------

Formats a wiki-style internal link

TODO: Does not currently need to support options.access, options.encode, auto-linking and COinS (as in external_link_id),
but may be needed in the future for :m:Interwiki_map custom-prefixes like :arxiv:, :bibcode:, :DOI:, :hdl:, :ISSN:,
:JSTOR:, :Openlibrary:, :PMID:, :RFC:.

]]

local function internal_link_id (options)
	local id = mw.ustring.gsub (options.id, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);	-- translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9

	return table.concat (
		{
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (options), options.label),				-- wiki-link the identifier label
		options.separator or '&amp;nbsp;',											-- add the separator
		make_wikilink (
			table.concat (
				{
				options.prefix,
				id,																-- translated to Western digits
				options.suffix or ''
				}),
			substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {'', mw.text.nowiki (options.id)})	-- bdi tags to prevent Latin script identifiers from being reversed at RTL language wikis
			);																	-- nowiki because MediaWiki still has magic links for ISBN and the like; TODO: is it really required?
		});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ E M B A R G O E D &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Determines if a PMC identifier's online version is embargoed. Compares the date in |pmc-embargo-date= against
today's date.  If embargo date is in the future, returns the content of |pmc-embargo-date=; otherwise, returns
an empty string because the embargo has expired or because |pmc-embargo-date= was not set in this cite.

]]

local function is_embargoed (embargo)
	if is_set (embargo) then
		local lang = mw.getContentLanguage();
		local good1, embargo_date, todays_date;
		good1, embargo_date = pcall (lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', embargo);
		todays_date = lang:formatDate ('U');
	
		if good1 then															-- if embargo date is a good date
			if tonumber (embargo_date) &gt;= tonumber (todays_date) then			-- is embargo date is in the future?
				return embargo;													-- still embargoed
			else
				set_message ('maint_pmc_embargo');								-- embargo has expired; add main cat
				return '';														-- unset because embargo has expired
			end
		end
	end
	return '';																	-- |pmc-embargo-date= not set return empty string
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ B I O R X I V _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------

returns true if:
	2019-12-11T00:00Z &lt;= biorxiv_date &lt; today + 2 days
	
The dated form of biorxiv identifier has a start date of 2019-12-11.  The Unix timestamp for that date is {{#time:U|2019-12-11}} = 1576022400

biorxiv_date is the date provided in those |biorxiv= parameter values that are dated at time 00:00:00 UTC
today is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours
	if today is 2015-01-01T00:00:00 then
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow

This function does not work if it is fed month names for languages other than English.  Wikimedia #time: parser
apparently doesn't understand non-English date month names. This function will always return false when the date
contains a non-English month name because good1 is false after the call to lang.formatDate().  To get around that
call this function with YYYY-MM-DD format dates.

]=]

local function is_valid_biorxiv_date (biorxiv_date)
	local good1, good2;
	local biorxiv_ts, tomorrow_ts;												-- to hold Unix timestamps representing the dates
	local lang_object = mw.getContentLanguage();

	good1, biorxiv_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', biorxiv_date);		-- convert biorxiv_date value to Unix timestamp 
	good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', 'today + 2 days' );	-- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow
	
	if good1 and good2 then														-- lang.formatDate() returns a timestamp in the local script which tonumber() may not understand
		biorxiv_ts = tonumber (biorxiv_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (biorxiv_ts);	-- convert to numbers for the comparison;
		tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (tomorrow_ts);
	else
		return false;															-- one or both failed to convert to Unix timestamp
	end

	return ((1576022400 &lt;= biorxiv_ts) and (biorxiv_ts &lt; tomorrow_ts))			-- 2012-12-11T00:00Z &lt;= biorxiv_date &lt; tomorrow's date
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; IS _ V A L I D _ I S X N &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

ISBN-10 and ISSN validator code calculates checksum across all ISBN/ISSN digits including the check digit.
ISBN-13 is checked in isbn().

If the number is valid the result will be 0. Before calling this function, ISBN/ISSN must be checked for length
and stripped of dashes, spaces and other non-ISxN characters.

]]

local function is_valid_isxn (isxn_str, len)
	local temp = 0;
	isxn_str = { isxn_str:byte(1, len) };										-- make a table of byte values '0' → 0x30 .. '9' → 0x39, 'X' → 0x58
	len = len + 1;																-- adjust to be a loop counter
	for i, v in ipairs (isxn_str) do											-- loop through all of the bytes and calculate the checksum
		if v == string.byte (&quot;X&quot; ) then											-- if checkdigit is X (compares the byte value of 'X' which is 0x58)
			temp = temp + 10 * (len - i);										-- it represents 10 decimal
		else
			temp = temp + tonumber (string.char (v) )*(len-i);
		end
	end
	return temp % 11 == 0;														-- returns true if calculation result is zero
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; IS _ V A L I D _ I S X N _ 1 3 &gt;-----------------------------------------------

ISBN-13 and ISMN validator code calculates checksum across all 13 ISBN/ISMN digits including the check digit.
If the number is valid, the result will be 0. Before calling this function, ISBN-13/ISMN must be checked for length
and stripped of dashes, spaces and other non-ISxN-13 characters.

]]

local function is_valid_isxn_13 (isxn_str)
	local temp=0;
	
	isxn_str = { isxn_str:byte(1, 13) };										-- make a table of byte values '0' → 0x30 .. '9' → 0x39
	for i, v in ipairs (isxn_str) do
		temp = temp + (3 - 2*(i % 2)) * tonumber (string.char (v) );			-- multiply odd index digits by 1, even index digits by 3 and sum; includes check digit
	end
	return temp % 10 == 0;														-- sum modulo 10 is zero when ISBN-13/ISMN is correct
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N O R M A L I Z E _ L C C N &gt;--------------------------------------------------

LCCN normalization (http://www.loc.gov/marc/lccn-namespace.html#normalization)
1. Remove all blanks.
2. If there is a forward slash (/) in the string, remove it, and remove all characters to the right of the forward slash.
3. If there is a hyphen in the string:
	a. Remove it.
	b. Inspect the substring following (to the right of) the (removed) hyphen. Then (and assuming that steps 1 and 2 have been carried out):
		1. All these characters should be digits, and there should be six or less. (not done in this function)
		2. If the length of the substring is less than 6, left-fill the substring with zeroes until the length is six.

Returns a normalized LCCN for lccn() to validate.  There is no error checking (step 3.b.1) performed in this function.
]]

local function normalize_lccn (lccn)
	lccn = lccn:gsub (&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;&quot;);												-- 1. strip whitespace

	if nil ~= string.find (lccn, '/') then
		lccn = lccn:match (&quot;(.-)/&quot;);											-- 2. remove forward slash and all character to the right of it
	end

	local prefix
	local suffix
	prefix, suffix = lccn:match (&quot;(.+)%-(.+)&quot;);									-- 3.a remove hyphen by splitting the string into prefix and suffix

	if nil ~= suffix then														-- if there was a hyphen
		suffix = string.rep(&quot;0&quot;, 6-string.len (suffix)) .. suffix;				-- 3.b.2 left fill the suffix with 0s if suffix length less than 6
		lccn = prefix..suffix;													-- reassemble the LCCN
	end
	
	return lccn;
	end


--============================&lt;&lt; I D E N T I F I E R   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;====================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; A R X I V &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

See: http://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier

format and error check arXiv identifier.  There are three valid forms of the identifier:
the first form, valid only between date codes 9107 and 0703, is:
	arXiv:&lt;archive&gt;.&lt;class&gt;/&lt;date code&gt;&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;archive&gt; is a string of alpha characters - may be hyphenated; no other punctuation
	&lt;class&gt; is a string of alpha characters - may be hyphenated; no other punctuation; not the same as |class= parameter which is not supported in this form
	&lt;date code&gt; is four digits in the form YYMM where YY is the last two digits of the four-digit year and MM is the month number January = 01
		first digit of YY for this form can only 9 and 0
	&lt;number&gt; is a three-digit number
	&lt;version&gt; is a 1 or more digit number preceded with a lowercase v; no spaces (undocumented)
	
the second form, valid from April 2007 through December 2014 is:
	arXiv:&lt;date code&gt;.&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;date code&gt; is four digits in the form YYMM where YY is the last two digits of the four-digit year and MM is the month number January = 01
	&lt;number&gt; is a four-digit number
	&lt;version&gt; is a 1 or more digit number preceded with a lowercase v; no spaces

the third form, valid from January 2015 is:
	arXiv:&lt;date code&gt;.&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;date code&gt; and &lt;version&gt; are as defined for 0704-1412
	&lt;number&gt; is a five-digit number
]]

local function arxiv (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local class = options.Class;												-- TODO: lowercase?
	local handler = options.handler;
	local year, month, version;
	local err_cat = false;														-- assume no error message
	local text;																	-- output text
	
	if id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/[90]%d[01]%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/[90]%d[01]%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 9107-0703 format with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/([90]%d)([01]%d)%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((not (90 &lt; year or 8 &gt; year)) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) or		-- if invalid year or invalid month
			((91 == year and 7 &gt; month) or (7 == year and 3 &lt; month)) then		-- if years ok, are starting and ending months ok?
				err_cat = true;													-- flag for error message
		end

	elseif id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 0704-1412 with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^(%d%d)([01]%d)%.%d%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((7 &gt; year) or (14 &lt; year) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) or			-- is year invalid or is month invalid? (doesn't test for future years)
			((7 == year) and (4 &gt; month)) then									-- when year is 07, is month invalid (before April)?
				err_cat = true;													-- flag for error message
		end

	elseif id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 1501- format with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^(%d%d)([01]%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((15 &gt; year) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) then						-- is year invalid or is month invalid? (doesn't test for future years)
				err_cat = true;													-- flag for error message
		end

	else
		err_cat = true;															-- not a recognized format; flag for error message
	end

	if err_cat then
		options.coins_list_t['ARXIV'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	err_cat = err_cat and table.concat ({' ', set_message ('err_bad_arxiv')}) or '';	-- set error message if flag is true
	
	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access}) .. err_cat;

	if is_set (class) then
		if id:match ('^%d+') then
			text = table.concat ({text, ' [[//arxiv.org/archive/', class, ' ', class, ']]'});	-- external link within square brackets, not wikilink
		else
			text = table.concat ({text, ' ', set_message ('err_class_ignored')});		
		end
	end

	return text;	
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B I B C O D E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Validates (sort of) and formats a bibcode ID.

Format for bibcodes is specified here: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/data.html#bibcodes

But, this: 2015arXiv151206696F is apparently valid so apparently, the only things that really matter are length, 19 characters
and first four digits must be a year.  This function makes these tests:
	length must be 19 characters
	characters in position
		1–4 must be digits and must represent a year in the range of 1000 – next year
		5 must be a letter
		6–8 must be letter, digit, ampersand, or dot (ampersand cannot directly precede a dot; &amp;. )
		9–18 must be letter, digit, or dot
		19 must be a letter or dot

]]

local function bibcode (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_type;
	local year;

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = access});
	
	if 19 ~= id:len() then
		err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.length;
	else
		year = id:match (&quot;^(%d%d%d%d)[%a][%w&amp;%.][%w&amp;%.][%w&amp;%.][%w.]+[%a%.]$&quot;);
		if not year then														-- if nil then no pattern match
			err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.value;									-- so value error
		else
			local next_year = tonumber (os.date ('%Y')) + 1;					-- get the current year as a number and add one for next year
			year = tonumber (year);												-- convert year portion of bibcode to a number
			if (1000 &gt; year) or (year &gt; next_year) then
				err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.year;								-- year out of bounds
			end
			if id:find('&amp;%.') then
				err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.journal;							-- journal abbreviation must not have '&amp;.' (if it does it's missing a letter)
			end
		end
	end

	if is_set (err_type) then													-- if there was an error detected
		text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_bibcode', {err_type});
		options.coins_list_t['BIBCODE'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS

	end
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B I O R X I V &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------

Format bioRxiv ID and do simple error checking.  Before 2019-12-11, biorXiv IDs were 10.1101/ followed by exactly
6 digits.  After 2019-12-11, biorXiv IDs retained the six-digit identifier but prefixed that with a yyyy.mm.dd. 
date and suffixed with an optional version identifier.

The bioRxiv ID is the string of characters:
	https://doi.org/10.1101/078733 -&gt; 10.1101/078733
or a date followed by a six-digit number followed by an optional version indicator 'v' and one or more digits:
	https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.11.123456v2 -&gt; 10.1101/2019.12.11.123456v2
	
see https://www.biorxiv.org/about-biorxiv

]]

local function biorxiv (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = true;														-- flag; assume that there will be an error
	
	local patterns = {
		'^10.1101/%d%d%d%d%d%d$',												-- simple 6-digit identifier (before 2019-12-11)
		'^10.1101/(20[1-9]%d)%.([01]%d)%.([0-3]%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%dv%d+$',			-- y.m.d. date + 6-digit identifier + version (after 2019-12-11)
		'^10.1101/(20[1-9]%d)%.([01]%d)%.([0-3]%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%d$',				-- y.m.d. date + 6-digit identifier (after 2019-12-11)
		}
	
	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- spin through the patterns looking for a match
		if id:match (pattern) then
			local y, m, d = id:match (pattern);									-- found a match, attempt to get year, month and date from the identifier

			if m then															-- m is nil when id is the six-digit form
				if not is_valid_biorxiv_date (y .. '-' .. m .. '-' .. d) then	-- validate the encoded date; TODO: don't ignore leap-year and actual month lengths ({{#time:}} is a poor date validator)
					break;														-- date fail; break out early so we don't unset the error message
				end
			end
			err_cat = nil;														-- we found a match so unset the error message
			break;																-- and done
		end
	end																			-- err_cat remains set here when no match

	if err_cat then
		options.coins_list_t['BIORXIV'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator,
			encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access}) .. (err_cat and (' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_biorxiv')) or '');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T E S E E R X &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

CiteSeerX use their own notion of &quot;doi&quot; (not to be confused with the identifiers resolved via doi.org).

The description of the structure of this identifier can be found at Help_talk:Citation_Style_1/Archive_26#CiteSeerX_id_structure
]]

local function citeseerx (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local matched;
	
	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = handler.access});
	
	matched = id:match (&quot;^10%.1%.1%.[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%.[1-9]%d?%d?%d?$&quot;);
	if not matched then
		text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_citeseerx' );
		options.coins_list_t['CITESEERX'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D O I &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats a DOI and checks for DOI errors.

DOI names contain two parts: prefix and suffix separated by a forward slash.
	Prefix: directory indicator '10.' followed by a registrant code
	Suffix: character string of any length chosen by the registrant

This function checks a DOI name for: prefix/suffix.  If the DOI name contains spaces or endashes, or, if it ends
with a period or a comma, this function will emit a bad_doi error message.

DOI names are case-insensitive and can incorporate any printable Unicode characters so the test for spaces, endash,
and terminal punctuation may not be technically correct but it appears, that in practice these characters are rarely
if ever used in DOI names.

]]

local function doi (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local inactive = options.DoiBroken
	local access = options.access;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat;

	local text;
	if is_set (inactive) then
		local inactive_year = inactive:match(&quot;%d%d%d%d&quot;) or '';					-- try to get the year portion from the inactive date
		local inactive_month, good;

		if is_set (inactive_year) then
			if 4 &lt; inactive:len() then											-- inactive date has more than just a year (could be anything)
				local lang_obj = mw.getContentLanguage();						-- get a language object for this wiki
				good, inactive_month = pcall (lang_obj.formatDate, lang_obj, 'F', inactive);	-- try to get the month name from the inactive date
				if not good then
					inactive_month = nil;										-- something went wrong so make sure this is unset
				end
			end
		else
			inactive_year = nil;												-- |doi-broken-date= has something but it isn't a date
		end
		
		if is_set (inactive_year) and is_set (inactive_month) then
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive_dated', {inactive_year, inactive_month, ' '});
		elseif is_set (inactive_year) then
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive_dated', {inactive_year, '', ''});
		else
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive');
		end
		inactive = &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['inactive'] .. ' ' .. inactive .. ')';
	end

	local registrant = id:match ('^10%.([^/]+)/[^%s–]-[^%.,]$');				-- registrant set when DOI has the proper basic form
	
	local registrant_err_patterns = {											-- these patterns are for code ranges that are not supported 
		'^[^1-3]%d%d%d%d%.%d%d*$',												-- 5 digits with subcode (0xxxx, 40000+); accepts: 10000–39999
		'^[^1-5]%d%d%d%d$',														-- 5 digits without subcode (0xxxx, 60000+); accepts: 10000–59999
		'^[^1-9]%d%d%d%.%d%d*$',												-- 4 digits with subcode (0xxx); accepts: 1000–9999
		'^[^1-9]%d%d%d$',														-- 4 digits without subcode (0xxx); accepts: 1000–9999
		'^%d%d%d%d%d%d+',														-- 6 or more digits
		'^%d%d?%d?$',															-- less than 4 digits without subcode (with subcode is legitimate)
		'^5555$',																-- test registrant will never resolve
		'[^%d%.]',																-- any character that isn't a digit or a dot
		}

	if not ignore_invalid then
		if registrant then														-- when DOI has proper form
			for i, pattern in ipairs (registrant_err_patterns) do				-- spin through error patterns
				if registrant:match (pattern) then								-- to validate registrant codes
					err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_doi');				-- when found, mark this DOI as bad
					break;														-- and done
				end
			end
		else
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_doi');						-- invalid directory or malformed
		end
	else
		set_message ('maint_doi_ignore');
	end

	if err_cat then
		options.coins_list_t['DOI'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access,
		auto_link = not (err_cat or is_set (inactive) or ignore_invalid) and 'doi' or nil -- do not auto-link when |doi-broken-date= has a value or when there is a DOI error or (to play it safe, after all, auto-linking is not essential) when invalid DOIs are ignored
		}) .. (inactive or '');

	return text .. (err_cat and err_cat or ''); -- parentheses required
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H D L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats an HDL with minor error checking.

HDL names contain two parts: prefix and suffix separated by a forward slash.
	Prefix: character string using any character in the UCS-2 character set except '/'
	Suffix: character string of any length using any character in the UCS-2 character set chosen by the registrant

This function checks a HDL name for: prefix/suffix.  If the HDL name contains spaces, endashes, or, if it ends
with a period or a comma, this function will emit a bad_hdl error message.

HDL names are case-insensitive and can incorporate any printable Unicode characters so the test for endashes and
terminal punctuation may not be technically correct but it appears, that in practice these characters are rarely
if ever used in HDLs.

Query string parameters are named here: http://www.handle.net/proxy_servlet.html.  query strings are not displayed
but since '?' is an allowed character in an HDL, '?' followed by one of the query parameters is the only way we
have to detect the query string so that it isn't URL-encoded with the rest of the identifier.

]]

local function hdl (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local query_params = {														-- list of known query parameters from http://www.handle.net/proxy_servlet.html
		'noredirect',
		'ignore_aliases',
		'auth',
		'cert',
		'index',
		'type',
		'urlappend',
		'locatt',
		'action',
		}
	
	local hdl, suffix, param = id:match ('(.-)(%?(%a+).+)$');					-- look for query string
	local found;

	if hdl then																	-- when there are query strings, this is the handle identifier portion
		for _, q in ipairs (query_params) do									-- spin through the list of query parameters
			if param:match ('^' .. q) then										-- if the query string begins with one of the parameters
				found = true;													-- announce a find
				break;															-- and stop looking
			end
		end
	end

	if found then
		id = hdl;																-- found so replace id with the handle portion; this will be URL-encoded, suffix will not
	else
		suffix = '';															-- make sure suffix is empty string for concatenation else
	end

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, suffix = suffix, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access})

	if nil == id:match(&quot;^[^%s–]-/[^%s–]-[^%.,]$&quot;) then							-- HDL must contain a forward slash, must not contain spaces, endashes, and must not end with period or comma
		text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_hdl' );
		options.coins_list_t['HDL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S B N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether an ISBN string is valid

]]

local function isbn (options)
	local isbn_str = options.id;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;

	local function return_result (check, err_type)								-- local function to handle the various returns
		local ISBN = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, redirect = handler.redirect,
						prefix = handler.prefix, id = isbn_str, separator = handler.separator});
		if ignore_invalid then													-- if ignoring ISBN errors
			set_message ('maint_isbn_ignore');									-- add a maint category even when there is no error
		else																	-- here when not ignoring
			if not check then													-- and there is an error
				options.coins_list_t['ISBN'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
				return ISBN .. set_message ('err_bad_isbn', {err_type}, false, ' ');	-- display an error message
			end
		end
		return ISBN;
	end

	if nil ~= isbn_str:match ('[^%s-0-9X]') then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);					-- fail if isbn_str contains anything but digits, hyphens, or the uppercase X
	end

	local id = isbn_str:gsub ('[%s-]', '');										-- remove hyphens and whitespace

	local len = id:len();
 
	if len ~= 10 and len ~= 13 then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.length);					-- fail if incorrect length
	end

	if len == 10 then
		if id:match ('^%d*X?$') == nil then										-- fail if isbn_str has 'X' anywhere but last position
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.form);									
		end
		if not is_valid_isxn (id, 10) then										-- test isbn-10 for numerical validity
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.check);				-- fail if isbn-10 is not numerically valid
		end
		if id:find ('^63[01]') then												-- 630xxxxxxx and 631xxxxxxx are (apparently) not valid isbn group ids but are used by amazon as numeric identifiers (asin)
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.group);				-- fail if isbn-10 begins with 630/1
		end
		return return_result (true, cfg.err_msg_supl.check);					-- pass if isbn-10 is numerically valid
	else
		if id:match ('^%d+$') == nil then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);				-- fail if ISBN-13 is not all digits
		end
		if id:match ('^97[89]%d*$') == nil then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.prefix);				-- fail when ISBN-13 does not begin with 978 or 979
		end
		if id:match ('^9790') then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.group);				-- group identifier '0' is reserved to ISMN
		end
		return return_result (is_valid_isxn_13 (id), cfg.err_msg_supl.check);
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A S I N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats a link to Amazon.  Do simple error checking: ASIN must be mix of 10 numeric or uppercase alpha
characters.  If a mix, first character must be uppercase alpha; if all numeric, ASINs must be 10-digit
ISBN. If 10-digit ISBN, add a maintenance category so a bot or AWB script can replace |asin= with |isbn=.
Error message if not 10 characters, if not ISBN-10, if mixed and first character is a digit.

|asin=630....... and |asin=631....... are (apparently) not a legitimate ISBN though it checksums as one; these
do not cause this function to emit the maint_asin message

This function is positioned here because it calls isbn()

]]

local function asin (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local domain = options.ASINTLD;
	
	local err_cat = ''

	if not id:match(&quot;^[%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u]$&quot;) then
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_asin');							-- ASIN is not a mix of 10 uppercase alpha and numeric characters
	else
		if id:match(&quot;^%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[%dX]$&quot;) then							-- if 10-digit numeric (or 9 digits with terminal X)
			if is_valid_isxn (id, 10) then										-- see if ASIN value is or validates as ISBN-10
				if not id:find ('^63[01]') then									-- 630xxxxxxx and 631xxxxxxx are (apparently) not a valid isbn prefixes but are used by amazon as a numeric identifier
					err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_asin');				-- ASIN has ISBN-10 form but begins with something other than 630/1 so probably an isbn 
				end
			elseif not is_set (err_cat) then
				err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_asin');					-- ASIN is not ISBN-10
			end
		elseif not id:match(&quot;^%u[%d%u]+$&quot;) then
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_asin');						-- asin doesn't begin with uppercase alpha
		end
	end
	if (not is_set (domain)) or in_array (domain, {'us'}) then					-- default: United States
		domain = &quot;com&quot;;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'jp', 'uk'}) then									-- Japan, United Kingdom
		domain = &quot;co.&quot; .. domain;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'z.cn'}) then 									-- China
		domain = &quot;cn&quot;;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'au', 'br', 'mx', 'sg', 'tr'}) then				-- Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Singapore, Turkey
		domain = &quot;com.&quot; .. domain;
	elseif not in_array (domain, {'ae', 'ca', 'cn', 'de', 'es', 'fr', 'in', 'it', 'nl', 'pl', 'sa', 'se', 'co.jp', 'co.uk', 'com', 'com.au', 'com.br', 'com.mx', 'com.sg', 'com.tr'}) then -- Arabic Emirates, Canada, China, Germany, Spain, France, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Sweden (as of 2021-03 Austria (.at), Liechtenstein (.li) and Switzerland (.ch) still redirect to the German site (.de) with special settings, so don't maintain local ASINs for them)
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_asin_tld');					-- unsupported asin-tld value
	end
	local handler = options.handler;

	if not is_set (err_cat) then
		options.coins_list_t['ASIN'] = handler.prefix .. domain .. &quot;/dp/&quot; .. id;	-- experiment for asin coins
	else
		options.coins_list_t['ASIN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix .. domain .. &quot;/dp/&quot;,
		id = id, encode = handler.encode, separator = handler.separator}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S M N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether an ISMN string is valid.  Similar to ISBN-13, ISMN is 13 digits beginning 979-0-... and uses the
same check digit calculations.  See http://www.ismn-international.org/download/Web_ISMN_Users_Manual_2008-6.pdf
section 2, pages 9–12.

ismn value not made part of COinS metadata because we don't have a url or isn't a COinS-defined identifier (rft.xxx)
or an identifier registered at info-uri.info (info:)

]]

local function ismn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local text;
	local valid_ismn = true;
	local id_copy;

	id_copy = id;																-- save a copy because this testing is destructive
	id = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');													-- remove hyphens and white space

	if 13 ~= id:len() or id:match (&quot;^9790%d*$&quot; ) == nil then					-- ISMN must be 13 digits and begin with 9790
		valid_ismn = false;
	else
		valid_ismn=is_valid_isxn_13 (id);										-- validate ISMN
	end

	--	text = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,		-- use this (or external version) when there is some place to link to
	--		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id_copy, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})

	text = table.concat (														-- because no place to link to yet
		{
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (handler), handler.label),
		handler.separator,
		id_copy
		});

	if false == valid_ismn then
		options.coins_list_t['ISMN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS; not really necessary here because ismn not made part of COinS
		text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_ismn' )						-- add an error message if the ISMN is invalid
	end 
	
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S S N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format an ISSN.  This code fixes the case where an editor has included an ISSN in the citation but
has separated the two groups of four digits with a space.  When that condition occurred, the resulting link looked
like this:

	|issn=0819 4327 gives: [http://www.worldcat.org/issn/0819 4327 0819 4327]	-- can't have spaces in an external link
	
This code now prevents that by inserting a hyphen at the ISSN midpoint.  It also validates the ISSN for length
and makes sure that the checkdigit agrees with the calculated value.  Incorrect length (8 digits), characters
other than 0-9 and X, or checkdigit / calculated value mismatch will all cause a check ISSN error message.  The
ISSN is always displayed with a hyphen, even if the ISSN was given as a single group of 8 digits.

]]

local function issn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;

	local issn_copy = id;														-- save a copy of unadulterated ISSN; use this version for display if ISSN does not validate
	local text;
	local valid_issn = true;

	id = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');													-- remove hyphens and whitespace

	if 8 ~= id:len() or nil == id:match (&quot;^%d*X?$&quot; ) then						-- validate the ISSN: 8 digits long, containing only 0-9 or X in the last position
		valid_issn = false;														-- wrong length or improper character
	else
		valid_issn = is_valid_isxn (id, 8);										-- validate ISSN
	end

	if true == valid_issn then
		id = string.sub (id, 1, 4 ) .. &quot;-&quot; .. string.sub (id, 5 );				-- if valid, display correctly formatted version
	else
		id = issn_copy;															-- if not valid, show the invalid ISSN with error message
	end

	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})

	if ignore_invalid then
		set_message ('maint_issn_ignore');
	else
		if false == valid_issn then
			options.coins_list_t['ISSN'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
			text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_issn', (options.hkey == 'EISSN') and 'e' or '');	-- add an error message if the ISSN is invalid
		end 
	end
	
	return text
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; J F M &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------------

A numerical identifier in the form nn.nnnn.nn

]]

local function jfm (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;
	local err_cat = '';
	
	id_num = id:match ('^[Jj][Ff][Mm](.*)$');									-- identifier with jfm prefix; extract identifier

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_jfm_format');
	else																		-- plain number without JFM prefix
		id_num = id;															-- if here id does not have prefix
	end

	if id_num and id_num:match('^%d%d%.%d%d%d%d%.%d%d$') then
		id = id_num;															-- jfm matches pattern
	else
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_jfm' );							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['JFM'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; J S T O R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Format a JSTOR with some error checking

]]

local function jstor (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_msg = '';

	if id:find ('[Jj][Ss][Tt][Oo][Rr]') or id:find ('^https?://') or id:find ('%s') then
		err_msg = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_jstor');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['JSTOR'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access}) .. err_msg;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L C C N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format LCCN link and do simple error checking.  LCCN is a character string 8-12 characters long. The length of
the LCCN dictates the character type of the first 1-3 characters; the rightmost eight are always digits.
http://info-uri.info/registry/OAIHandler?verb=GetRecord&amp;metadataPrefix=reg&amp;identifier=info:lccn/

length = 8 then all digits
length = 9 then lccn[1] is lowercase alpha
length = 10 then lccn[1] and lccn[2] are both lowercase alpha or both digits
length = 11 then lccn[1] is lower case alpha, lccn[2] and lccn[3] are both lowercase alpha or both digits
length = 12 then lccn[1] and lccn[2] are both lowercase alpha

]]

local function lccn (options)
	local lccn = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that LCCN is valid
	local id = lccn;															-- local copy of the LCCN

	id = normalize_lccn (id);													-- get canonical form (no whitespace, hyphens, forward slashes)
	local len = id:len();														-- get the length of the LCCN

	if 8 == len then
		if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then												-- if LCCN has anything but digits (nil if only digits)
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');						-- set an error message
		end
	elseif 9 == len then														-- LCCN should be adddddddd
		if nil == id:match(&quot;%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then							-- does it match our pattern?
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');						-- set an error message
		end
	elseif 10 == len then														-- LCCN should be aadddddddd or dddddddddd
		if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then												-- if LCCN has anything but digits (nil if only digits) ...
			if nil == id:match(&quot;^%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then					-- ... see if it matches our pattern
				err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');					-- no match, set an error message
			end
		end
	elseif 11 == len then														-- LCCN should be aaadddddddd or adddddddddd
		if not (id:match(&quot;^%l%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;)) then	-- see if it matches one of our patterns
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');						-- no match, set an error message
		end
	elseif 12 == len then														-- LCCN should be aadddddddddd
		if not id:match(&quot;^%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then						-- see if it matches our pattern
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');						-- no match, set an error message
		end
	else
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- wrong length, set an error message
	end

	if not is_set (err_cat) and nil ~= lccn:find ('%s') then
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- lccn contains a space, set an error message
	end

	if is_set (err_cat) then
		options.coins_list_t['LCCN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = lccn, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------------

A seven digit number; if not seven digits, zero-fill leading digits to make seven digits.

]]

local function mr (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;
	local id_len;
	local err_cat = '';
	
	id_num = id:match ('^[Mm][Rr](%d+)$');										-- identifier with mr prefix

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_mr_format');										-- add maint cat
	else																		-- plain number without mr prefix
		id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');											-- if here id is all digits
	end

	id_len = id_num and id_num:len() or 0;
	if (7 &gt;= id_len) and (0 ~= id_len) then
		id = string.rep ('0', 7-id_len) .. id_num;								-- zero-fill leading digits
	else
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_mr');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['MR'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O C L C &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format an OCLC ID.  https://www.oclc.org/batchload/controlnumber.en.html {{dead link}}
archived at: https://web.archive.org/web/20161228233804/https://www.oclc.org/batchload/controlnumber.en.html

]]

local function oclc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local number;
	local err_msg = '';															-- empty string for concatenation
	
	if id:match('^ocm%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then									-- ocm prefix and 8 digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('ocm(%d+)');											-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^ocn%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then								-- ocn prefix and 9 digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('ocn(%d+)');											-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^on%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d+$') then							-- on prefix and 10 or more digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('^on(%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d+)$');						-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^%(OCoLC%)[1-9]%d*$') then									-- (OCoLC) prefix and variable number digits; no leading zeros; 035 field
		number = id:match('%(OCoLC%)([1-9]%d*)');								-- get the number
		if 9 &lt; number:len() then
			number = nil;														-- constrain to 1 to 9 digits; change this when OCLC issues 10-digit numbers
		end
	elseif id:match('^%d+$') then												-- no prefix
		number = id;															-- get the number
		if 10 &lt; number:len() then
			number = nil;														-- constrain to 1 to 10 digits; change this when OCLC issues 11-digit numbers
		end
	end

	if number then																-- proper format
		id = number;															-- exclude prefix, if any, from external link
	else
		err_msg = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_oclc')							-- add an error message if the id is malformed
		options.coins_list_t['OCLC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_msg;

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O P E N L I B R A R Y &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Formats an OpenLibrary link, and checks for associated errors.

]]

local function openlibrary (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local ident, code = id:gsub('^OL', ''):match(&quot;^(%d+([AMW]))$&quot;);				-- strip optional OL prefix followed immediately by digits followed by 'A', 'M', or 'W';
	local error_msg = '';
	local prefix = {															-- these are appended to the handler.prefix according to code
		['A']='authors/OL',
		['M']='books/OL',
		['W']='works/OL',
		['X']='OL'																-- not a code; spoof when 'code' in id is invalid
		};

	if not ident then
		code = 'X';																-- no code or id completely invalid
		ident = id;																-- copy id to ident so that we display the flawed identifier
		error_msg = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_ol');
	end

	if not is_set (error_msg) then
		options.coins_list_t['OL'] = handler.prefix .. prefix[code] .. ident;	-- experiment for ol coins
	else
		options.coins_list_t['OL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix .. prefix[code],
		id = ident, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = access}) .. error_msg;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O S T I &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format OSTI and do simple error checking. OSTIs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the OSTI to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit specified in the configuration;
the value in test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more OSTIs are issued.

NB. 1018 is the lowest OSTI number found in the wild (so far) and resolving OK on the OSTI site

]]

local function osti (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that OSTI is valid
	
	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if OSTI has anything but digits
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_osti');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['OSTI'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- OSTI is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1018 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then						-- if OSTI is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_osti');						-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['OSTI'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P M C &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Format a PMC, do simple error checking, and check for embargoed articles.

The embargo parameter takes a date for a value. If the embargo date is in the future the PMC identifier will not
be linked to the article.  If the embargo date is today or in the past, or if it is empty or omitted, then the
PMC identifier is linked to the article through the link at cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].prefix.

PMC embargo date testing is done in function is_embargoed () which is called earlier because when the citation
has |pmc=&lt;value&gt; but does not have a |url= then |title= is linked with the PMC link.  Function is_embargoed ()
returns the embargo date if the PMC article is still embargoed, otherwise it returns an empty string.

PMCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This code checks the PMC to see that it contains only digits and is less
than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more PMCs are issued.

]]

local function pmc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local embargo = options.Embargo;											-- TODO: lowercase?
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat;
	local id_num;
	local text;

	id_num = id:match ('^[Pp][Mm][Cc](%d+)$');									-- identifier with PMC prefix

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_pmc_format');
	else																		-- plain number without PMC prefix
		id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');											-- if here id is all digits
	end

	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if PMC is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_pmc');						-- set an error message
		else
			id = tostring (id_num);												-- make sure id is a string
		end
	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_pmc');							-- set an error message
	end
	
	if is_set (embargo) and is_set (is_embargoed (embargo)) then				-- is PMC is still embargoed?
		text = table.concat (													-- still embargoed so no external link
			{
			make_wikilink (link_label_make (handler), handler.label),
			handler.separator,
			id,
			(err_cat and err_cat or '')											-- parens required
			});
	else
		text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,	-- no embargo date or embargo has expired, ok to link to article
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access,
			auto_link = not err_cat and 'pmc' or nil							-- do not auto-link when PMC has error
			}) .. (err_cat and err_cat or '');									-- parentheses required
	end

	if err_cat then
		options.coins_list_t['PMC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P M I D &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format PMID and do simple error checking.  PMIDs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the PMID to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit; the value in local variable
test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more PMIDs are issued.

]]

local function pmid (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that PMID is valid
	
	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if PMID has anything but digits
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_pmid');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['PMID'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- PMID is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if PMID is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_pmid');						-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['PMID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R F C &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Format RFC and do simple error checking. RFCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the RFC to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit specified in the configuration;
the value in test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more RFCs are issued.

An index of all RFCs is here: https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/

]]

local function rfc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that RFC is valid
	
	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if RFC has anything but digits
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_rfc');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['RFC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- RFC is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if RFC is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_rfc');						-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['RFC'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access}) .. err_cat;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S 2 C I D &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Format an S2CID, do simple error checking

S2CIDs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This code checks the S2CID to see that it is only
digits and is less than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need to be updated periodically
as more S2CIDs are issued.

]]

local function s2cid (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that S2CID is valid
	local id_num;
	local text;
	
	id_num = id:match ('^[1-9]%d*$');											-- id must be all digits; must not begin with 0; no open access flag

 	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then										-- if S2CID is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_s2cid');						-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['S2CID'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end

	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_s2cid');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['S2CID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access}) .. err_cat;

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S B N &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

9-digit form of ISBN-10; uses same check-digit validation when SBN is prefixed with an additional '0' to make 10 digits

sbn value not made part of COinS metadata because we don't have a url or isn't a COinS-defined identifier (rft.xxx)
or an identifier registered at info-uri.info (info:)

]]

local function sbn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local function return_result (check, err_type) -- local function to handle the various returns
		local SBN = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, redirect = handler.redirect,
						prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator});
		if not ignore_invalid then -- if not ignoring SBN errors
			if not check then
				options.coins_list_t['SBN'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS; not really necessary here because sbn not made part of COinS
				return SBN .. set_message ('err_bad_sbn', {err_type}, false, ' '); -- display an error message
			end
		else
			set_message ('maint_isbn_ignore');									-- add a maint category even when there is no error (ToDo: Possibly switch to separate message for SBNs only)
		end
		return SBN;
	end

	if id:match ('[^%s-0-9X]') then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);					-- fail if SBN contains anything but digits, hyphens, or the uppercase X
	end

	local ident = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');										-- remove hyphens and whitespace; they interfere with the rest of the tests

	if  9 ~= ident:len() then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.length);					-- fail if incorrect length
	end

	if ident:match ('^%d*X?$') == nil then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.form);					-- fail if SBN has 'X' anywhere but last position
	end

	return return_result (is_valid_isxn ('0' .. ident, 10), cfg.err_msg_supl.check);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S S R N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format an SSRN, do simple error checking

SSRNs are sequential numbers beginning at 100? and counting up.  This code checks the SSRN to see that it is
only digits and is greater than 99 and less than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need
to be updated periodically as more SSRNs are issued.

]]

local function ssrn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';															-- presume that SSRN is valid
	local id_num;
	local text;
	
	id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');												-- id must be all digits

	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if 100 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then						-- if SSRN is outside test limit boundaries
			err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_ssrn');						-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['SSRN'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_ssrn');							-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['SSRN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access}) .. err_cat;

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; U S E N E T _ I D &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format a usenet message id.  Simple error checking, looks for 'id-left@id-right' not enclosed in
'&lt;' and/or '&gt;' angle brackets.

]]

local function usenet_id (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})
 
	if not id:match('^.+@.+$') or not id:match('^[^&lt;].*[^&gt;]$') then				-- doesn't have '@' or has one or first or last character is '&lt; or '&gt;'
		text = text .. ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_usenet_id')					-- add an error message if the message id is invalid
		options.coins_list_t['USENETID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end 
	
	return text
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; Z B L &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------------

A numerical identifier in the form nnnn.nnnnn - leading zeros in the first quartet optional

format described here: http://emis.mi.sanu.ac.rs/ZMATH/zmath/en/help/search/

temporary format is apparently eight digits.  Anything else is an error

]]

local function zbl (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_cat = '';
	
	if id:match('^%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then										-- is this identifier using temporary format?
		set_message ('maint_zbl');												-- yes, add maint cat
	elseif not id:match('^%d?%d?%d?%d%.%d%d%d%d%d$') then						-- not temporary, is it normal format?
		err_cat = ' ' .. set_message ('err_bad_zbl');							-- no, set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['ZBL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode}) .. err_cat;
end


--============================&lt;&lt; I N T E R F A C E   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;==========================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ I D S &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Populates ID table from arguments using configuration settings. Loops through cfg.id_handlers and searches args for
any of the parameters listed in each cfg.id_handlers['...'].parameters.  If found, adds the parameter and value to
the identifier list.  Emits redundant error message if more than one alias exists in args

]]

local function extract_ids (args)
	local id_list = {};															-- list of identifiers found in args
	for k, v in pairs (cfg.id_handlers) do										-- k is uppercase identifier name as index to cfg.id_handlers; e.g. cfg.id_handlers['ISBN'], v is a table
		v = select_one (args, v.parameters, 'err_redundant_parameters' );		-- v.parameters is a table of aliases for k; here we pick one from args if present
		if is_set (v) then id_list[k] = v; end									-- if found in args, add identifier to our list
	end
	return id_list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ I D _ A C C E S S _ L E V E L S &gt;--------------------------------------

Fetches custom id access levels from arguments using configuration settings. Parameters which have a predefined access
level (e.g. arxiv) do not use this function as they are directly rendered as free without using an additional parameter.

returns a table of k/v pairs where k is same as the identifier's key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned (valid) keyword

access-level values must match the case used in cfg.keywords_lists['id-access'] (lowercase unless there is some special reason for something else)

]]

local function extract_id_access_levels (args, id_list)
	local id_accesses_list = {};
	for k, v in pairs (cfg.id_handlers) do
		local access_param = v.custom_access;									-- name of identifier's access-level parameter
		if is_set (access_param) then
			local access_level = args[access_param];							-- get the assigned value if there is one
			if is_set (access_level) then
				if not in_array (access_level, cfg.keywords_lists['id-access']) then	-- exact match required
					table.insert (z.message_tail, { set_message ('err_invalid_param_val', {access_param, access_level}, true) } );	
					access_level = nil;											-- invalid so unset
				end
				if not is_set (id_list[k]) then									-- identifier access-level must have a matching identifier
					table.insert (z.message_tail, { set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {k:lower()}, true) } );	-- parameter name is uppercase in cfg.id_handlers (k); lowercase for error message
				end
				id_accesses_list[k] = cfg.keywords_xlate[access_level];			-- get translated keyword
			end
		end
	end
	return id_accesses_list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B U I L D _ I D _ L I S T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

render the identifiers into a sorted sequence table

&lt;ID_list_coins_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value
&lt;options_t&gt; is a table of various k/v option pairs provided in the call to new_build_id_list();
	modified by	this function and passed to all identifier rendering functions
&lt;access_levels_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value (if valid)

returns a sequence table of sorted (by hkey - 'handler' key) rendered identifier strings

]]

local function build_id_list (ID_list_coins_t, options_t, access_levels_t)
	local ID_list_t = {};
	local accept;
	local func_map = {															--function map points to functions associated with hkey identifier
		['ARXIV'] = arxiv,
		['ASIN'] = asin,
		['BIBCODE'] = bibcode,
		['BIORXIV'] = biorxiv,
		['CITESEERX'] = citeseerx,
		['DOI'] = doi,
		['EISSN'] = issn,
		['HDL'] = hdl,
		['ISBN'] = isbn,
		['ISMN'] = ismn,
		['ISSN'] = issn,
		['JFM'] = jfm,
		['JSTOR'] = jstor,
		['LCCN'] = lccn,
		['MR'] = mr,
		['OCLC'] = oclc,
		['OL'] = openlibrary,
		['OSTI'] = osti,
		['PMC'] = pmc,
		['PMID'] = pmid,
		['RFC']  = rfc,
		['S2CID'] = s2cid,
		['SBN'] = sbn,
		['SSRN'] = ssrn,
		['USENETID'] = usenet_id,
		['ZBL'] = zbl,
		}

	for hkey, v in pairs (ID_list_coins_t) do
		v, accept = has_accept_as_written (v);									-- remove accept-as-written markup if present; accept is boolean true when markup removed; false else
																				-- every function gets the options table with value v and accept boolean
		options_t.hkey = hkey;													-- ~/Configuration handler key
		options_t.id = v;														-- add that identifier value to the options table
		options_t.accept = accept;												-- add the accept boolean flag
		options_t.access = access_levels_t[hkey];								-- add the access level for those that have an |&lt;identifier-access= parameter
		options_t.handler = cfg.id_handlers[hkey];
		options_t.coins_list_t = ID_list_coins_t;								-- pointer to ID_list_coins_t; for |asin= and |ol=; also to keep erroneous values out of the citation's metadata
		
		if func_map[hkey] then
			table.insert (ID_list_t, {hkey, func_map[hkey] (options_t)});		-- call the function and add the results to the output sequence table
		else
			error (cfg.messages['unknown_ID_key'] .. ' ' .. hkey);				-- here when func_map doesn't have a function for hkey
		end
	end

	local function comp (a, b)													-- used by following table.sort()
		return a[1]:lower() &lt; b[1]:lower();										-- sort by hkey
	end

	table.sort (ID_list_t, comp);												-- sequence table of tables sort	
	for k, v in ipairs (ID_list_t) do											-- convert sequence table of tables to simple sequence table of strings
		ID_list_t[k] = v[2];													-- v[2] is the identifier rendering from the call to the various functions in func_map{}
	end
	
	return ID_list_t;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O P T I O N S _ C H E C K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

check that certain option parameters have their associated identifier parameters with values

&lt;ID_list_coins_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value
&lt;ID_support_t&gt; is a sequence table of tables created in citation0() where each subtable has four elements:
	[1] is the support parameter's assigned value; empty string if not set
	[2] is a text string same as key in cfg.id_handlers
	[3] is cfg.error_conditions key used to create error message
	[4] is original ID support parameter name used to create error message
	
returns nothing; on error emits an appropriate error message

]]

local function options_check (ID_list_coins_t, ID_support_t)
	for _, v in ipairs (ID_support_t) do
		if is_set (v[1]) and not ID_list_coins_t[v[2]] then						-- when support parameter has a value but matching identifier parameter is missing or empty
			table.insert (z.message_tail, {set_message (v[3], (v[4]))});		-- emit the appropriate error message
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I D E N T I F I E R _ L I S T S _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------

Creates two identifier lists: a k/v table of identifiers and their values to be used locally and for use in the
COinS metadata, and a sequence table of the rendered identifier strings that will be included in the rendered
citation.

]]

local function identifier_lists_get (args, options_t, ID_support_t)
	local ID_list_coins_t = extract_ids (args);											-- get a table of identifiers and their values for use locally and for use in COinS
	options_check (ID_list_coins_t, ID_support_t);										-- ID support parameters must have matching identifier parameters 
	local ID_access_levels_t = extract_id_access_levels (args, ID_list_coins_t);		-- get a table of identifier access levels
	local ID_list_t = build_id_list (ID_list_coins_t, options_t, ID_access_levels_t);	-- get a sequence table of rendered identifier strings

	return ID_list_t, ID_list_coins_t;											-- return the tables
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table and imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;

	has_accept_as_written = utilities_page_ptr.has_accept_as_written;			-- import functions from select Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;								
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	set_message = utilities_page_ptr.set_message;
	select_one = utilities_page_ptr.select_one;
	substitute = utilities_page_ptr.substitute;
	make_wikilink = utilities_page_ptr.make_wikilink;

	z = utilities_page_ptr.z;													-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	auto_link_urls = auto_link_urls,											-- table of identifier URLs to be used when auto-linking |title=
	
	identifier_lists_get = identifier_lists_get,								-- experiment to replace individual calls to build_id_list, extract_ids, extract_id_access_levels
	is_embargoed = is_embargoed;
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules;
	}</text>
      <sha1>pyll880p5kq8abjnjrhovoq4uqy2zqb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/COinS</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9976</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:56:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ' --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup;				-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration   --[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ T I T L E &gt;----------------------------------------------  M...'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="16336" xml:space="preserve">
--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup;				-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ T I T L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

Makes a title for COinS from Title and / or ScriptTitle (or any other name-script pairs)

Apostrophe markup (bold, italics) is stripped from each value so that the COinS metadata isn't corrupted with strings
of %27%27...

]]

local function make_coins_title (title, script)
	if is_set (title) then
		title = strip_apostrophe_markup (title);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		title = '';																-- if not set, make sure title is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (script) then
		script = script:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', '');								-- remove language prefix if present (script value may now be empty string)
		script = strip_apostrophe_markup (script);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		script = '';															-- if not set, make sure script is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (title) and is_set (script) then
		script = ' ' .. script;													-- add a space before we concatenate
	end
	return title .. script;														-- return the concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E S C A P E _ L U A _ M A G I C _ C H A R S &gt;----------------------------------

Returns a string where all of Lua's magic characters have been escaped.  This is important because functions like
string.gsub() treat their pattern and replace strings as patterns, not literal strings.
]]

local function escape_lua_magic_chars (argument)
	argument = argument:gsub(&quot;%%&quot;, &quot;%%%%&quot;);										-- replace % with %%
	argument = argument:gsub(&quot;([%^%$%(%)%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])&quot;, &quot;%%%1&quot;);				-- replace all other Lua magic pattern characters
	return argument;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ C O I N S _ P A G E S &gt;------------------------------------------------

Extract page numbers from external wikilinks in any of the |page=, |pages=, or |at= parameters for use in COinS.

]]

local function get_coins_pages (pages)
	local pattern;
	if not is_set (pages) then return pages; end								-- if no page numbers then we're done
	
	while true do
		pattern = pages:match(&quot;%[(%w*:?//[^ ]+%s+)[%w%d].*%]&quot;);					-- pattern is the opening bracket, the URL and following space(s): &quot;[url &quot;
		if nil == pattern then break; end										-- no more URLs
		pattern = escape_lua_magic_chars (pattern);								-- pattern is not a literal string; escape Lua's magic pattern characters
		pages = pages:gsub(pattern, &quot;&quot;);										-- remove as many instances of pattern as possible
	end
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;[%[%]]&quot;, &quot;&quot;);											-- remove the brackets
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;–&quot;, &quot;-&quot; );												-- replace endashes with hyphens
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;&amp;%w+;&quot;, &quot;-&quot; );											-- and replace HTML entities (&amp;ndash; etc.) with hyphens; do we need to replace numerical entities like &amp;#32; and the like?
	return pages;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; C O I N S _ R E P L A C E _ M A T H _ S T R I P M A R K E R &gt;------------------

There are three options for math markup rendering that depend on the editor's math preference settings.  These
settings are at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering]] and are
	PNG images
	TeX source
	MathML with SVG or PNG fallback

All three are heavy with HTML and CSS which doesn't belong in the metadata.

Without this function, the metadata saved in the raw wikitext contained the rendering determined by the settings
of the last editor to save the page.

This function gets the rendered form of an equation according to the editor's preference before the page is saved.  It
then searches the rendering for the text equivalent of the rendered equation and replaces the rendering with that so
that the page is saved without extraneous HTML/CSS markup and with a reasonably readable text form of the equation.

When a replacement is made, this function returns true and the value with replacement; otherwise false and the initial
value.  To replace multipe equations it is necessary to call this function from within a loop.

]=]

local function coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value)
	local stripmarker = cfg.stripmarkers['math'];
	local rendering = value:match (stripmarker);								-- is there a math stripmarker

	if not rendering then														-- when value doesn't have a math stripmarker, abandon this test
		return false, value;
	end
	
	rendering = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (rendering);								-- convert stripmarker into rendered value (or nil? ''? when math render error)
	
	if rendering:match ('alt=&quot;[^&quot;]+&quot;') then										-- if PNG math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('alt=&quot;([^&quot;]+)&quot;');							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('$%s+.+%s+%$') then									-- if TeX math option; $ is legit character that is escapes as \$
		rendering = rendering:match ('$%s+(.+)%s+%$')							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('&lt;annotation[^&gt;]+&gt;.+&lt;/annotation&gt;') then			-- if MathML math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('&lt;annotation[^&gt;]+&gt;(.+)&lt;/annotation&gt;')		-- extract just the math text
	else
		return false, value;													-- had math stripmarker but not one of the three defined forms
	end
	
	return true, value:gsub (stripmarker, rendering, 1);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C O I N S _ C L E A N U P &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Cleanup parameter values for the metadata by removing or replacing invisible characters and certain HTML entities.

2015-12-10: there is a bug in mw.text.unstripNoWiki ().  It replaces math stripmarkers with the appropriate content
when it shouldn't.  See https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121085 and Wikipedia_talk:Lua#stripmarkers_and_mw.text.unstripNoWiki.28.29

TODO: move the replacement patterns and replacement values into a table in /Configuration similar to the invisible
characters table?

]]

local function coins_cleanup (value)
	local replaced = true;														-- default state to get the do loop running

	while replaced do															-- loop until all math stripmarkers replaced
		replaced, value = coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value);				-- replace math stripmarker with text representation of the equation
	end

	value = value:gsub (cfg.stripmarkers['math'], &quot;MATH RENDER ERROR&quot;);			-- one or more couldn't be replaced; insert vague error message
	
	value = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (value);										-- replace nowiki stripmarkers with their content
	value = value:gsub ('&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot; style=&quot;padding%-left:0%.1em;&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;(s?)&lt;/span&gt;', &quot;'%1&quot;);	-- replace {{'}} or {{'s}} with simple apostrophe or apostrophe-s
	value = value:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;', ' ');											-- replace &amp;nbsp; entity with plain space
	value = value:gsub ('\226\128\138', ' ');									-- replace hair space with plain space
	if not mw.ustring.find (value, cfg.indic_script) then						-- don't remove zero-width joiner characters from indic script
		value = value:gsub ('&amp;zwj;', '');										-- remove &amp;zwj; entities
		value = mw.ustring.gsub (value, '[\226\128\141\226\128\139\194\173]', '');	-- remove zero-width joiner, zero-width space, soft hyphen
	end
	value = value:gsub ('[\009\010\013 ]+', ' ');								-- replace horizontal tab, line feed, carriage return with plain space
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C O I N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

COinS metadata (see &lt;http://ocoins.info/&gt;) allows automated tools to parse the citation information.

]]

local function COinS(data, class)
	if 'table' ~= type(data) or nil == next(data) then
		return '';
	end

	for k, v in pairs (data) do													-- spin through all of the metadata parameter values
		if 'ID_list' ~= k and 'Authors' ~= k then								-- except the ID_list and Author tables (author nowiki stripmarker done when Author table processed)
			data[k] = coins_cleanup (v);
		end
	end

	local ctx_ver = &quot;Z39.88-2004&quot;;
	
	-- treat table strictly as an array with only set values.
	local OCinSoutput = setmetatable( {}, {
		__newindex = function(self, key, value)
			if is_set(value) then
				rawset( self, #self+1, table.concat{ key, '=', mw.uri.encode( remove_wiki_link( value ) ) } );
			end
		end
	});
	
	if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn', 'journal', 'news', 'magazine'}) or (in_array (class, {'conference', 'interview', 'map', 'press release', 'web'}) and is_set(data.Periodical)) or 
		('citation' == class and is_set(data.Periodical) and not is_set (data.Encyclopedia)) then
			OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&quot;;			-- journal metadata identifier
			if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) then	-- set genre according to the type of citation template we are rendering
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;preprint&quot;;							-- cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite ssrn
			elseif 'conference' == class then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;conference&quot;;						-- cite conference (when Periodical set)
			elseif 'web' == class then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;unknown&quot;;							-- cite web (when Periodical set)
			else
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;article&quot;;							-- journal and other 'periodical' articles
			end
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.jtitle&quot;] = data.Periodical;						-- journal only
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Title;								-- 'periodical' article titles

																				-- these used only for periodicals
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.ssn&quot;] = data.Season;								-- keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.quarter&quot;] = data.Quarter;							-- single digits 1-&gt;first quarter, etc.
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.chron&quot;] = data.Chron;								-- free-form date components
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.volume&quot;] = data.Volume;							-- does not apply to books
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.issue&quot;] = data.Issue;
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pages&quot;] = data.Pages;								-- also used in book metadata

	elseif 'thesis' ~= class then												-- all others except cite thesis are treated as 'book' metadata; genre distinguishes
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&quot;;					-- book metadata identifier
		if 'report' == class or 'techreport' == class then						-- cite report and cite techreport
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;report&quot;;
		elseif 'conference' == class then										-- cite conference when Periodical not set
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;conference&quot;;
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Chapter;							-- conference paper as chapter in proceedings (book)
		elseif in_array (class, {'book', 'citation', 'encyclopaedia', 'interview', 'map'}) then
			if is_set (data.Chapter) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;bookitem&quot;;
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Chapter;						-- book chapter, encyclopedia article, interview in a book, or map title
			else
				if 'map' == class or 'interview' == class then
					OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = 'unknown';						-- standalone map or interview
				else
					OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = 'book';							-- book and encyclopedia
				end
			end
		else	-- {'audio-visual', 'AV-media-notes', 'DVD-notes', 'episode', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'press release', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech', 'web'}
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;unknown&quot;;
		end
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.btitle&quot;] = data.Title;									-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.place&quot;] = data.PublicationPlace;						-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.series&quot;] = data.Series;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pages&quot;] = data.Pages;									-- book, journal
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.edition&quot;] = data.Edition;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pub&quot;] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
		
	else																		-- cite thesis
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&quot;;			-- dissertation metadata identifier
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.title&quot;] = data.Title;									-- dissertation (also patent but that is not yet supported)
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.degree&quot;] = data.Degree;								-- dissertation only
		OCinSoutput['rft.inst'] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
	end
	-- NB. Not currently supported are &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:patent&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dc&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:sch_svc&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&quot;
																				-- and now common parameters (as much as possible)
	OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.date&quot;] = data.Date;										-- book, journal, dissertation

	for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do										-- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
		if k == 'ISBN' then v = v:gsub( &quot;[^-0-9X]&quot;, &quot;&quot; ); end
		local id = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
		if string.sub( id or &quot;&quot;, 1, 4 ) == 'info' then							-- for ids that are in the info:registry
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat{ id, &quot;/&quot;, v };
		elseif string.sub (id or &quot;&quot;, 1, 3 ) == 'rft' then						-- for isbn, issn, eissn, etc. that have defined COinS keywords
			OCinSoutput[ id ] = v;
		elseif 'url' == id then													-- for urls that are assembled in ~/Identifiers; |asin= and |ol=
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat ({data.ID_list[k], &quot;#id-name=&quot;, cfg.id_handlers[k].label});
		elseif id then															-- when cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS is not nil so urls created here
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat{ cfg.id_handlers[k].prefix, v, cfg.id_handlers[k].suffix or '', &quot;#id-name=&quot;, cfg.id_handlers[k].label };	-- others; provide a URL and indicate identifier name as #fragment (human-readable, but transparent to browsers)
		end
	end

	local last, first;
	for k, v in ipairs( data.Authors ) do
		last, first = coins_cleanup (v.last), coins_cleanup (v.first or '');	-- replace any nowiki stripmarkers, non-printing or invisible characters
		if k == 1 then															-- for the first author name only
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then								-- set these COinS values if |first= and |last= specify the first author name
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.aulast&quot;] = last;								-- book, journal, dissertation
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.aufirst&quot;] = first;								-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then 
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation -- otherwise use this form for the first name
			end
		else																	-- for all other authors
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = table.concat{ last, &quot;, &quot;, first };		-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation
			end
			-- TODO: At present we do not report &quot;et al.&quot;. Add anything special if this condition applies?
		end
	end

	OCinSoutput.rft_id = data.URL;
	OCinSoutput.rfr_id = table.concat{ &quot;info:sid/&quot;, mw.site.server:match( &quot;[^/]*$&quot; ), &quot;:&quot;, data.RawPage };

	-- TODO: Add optional extra info:
	-- rfr_dat=#REVISION&lt;version&gt; (referrer private data)
	-- ctx_id=&lt;data.RawPage&gt;#&lt;ref&gt; (identifier for the context object)
	-- ctx_tim=&lt;ts&gt; (timestamp in format yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssTZD or yyyy-mm-dd)
	-- ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8 (character encoding)
	
	OCinSoutput = setmetatable( OCinSoutput, nil );

	-- sort with version string always first, and combine.
	-- table.sort( OCinSoutput );
	table.insert( OCinSoutput, 1, &quot;ctx_ver=&quot; .. ctx_ver ); -- such as &quot;Z39.88-2004&quot;
	return table.concat(OCinSoutput, &quot;&amp;&quot;);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table and imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;

	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;											-- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	remove_wiki_link = utilities_page_ptr.remove_wiki_link;
	strip_apostrophe_markup = utilities_page_ptr.strip_apostrophe_markup;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	make_coins_title = make_coins_title,
	get_coins_pages = get_coins_pages,
	COinS = COinS,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	}</text>
      <sha1>lqjm8eawzfik98gj25kc03pr48t7x6z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9977</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T18:57:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '/* Protection icon the following line controls the page-protection icon in the upper right corner it must remain within this comment 	{{sandbox other||{{pp-template}}}}  */  /* Overrides Some wikis do not override user agent default styles for HTML &lt;cite&gt; and &lt;q&gt;, unlike en.wp. On en.wp, keep these the same as [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] */ cite.citation { 	font-style: inherit; /* Remove italics for &lt;cite&gt; */ }  .citation q { 	quotes: '&quot;' '&quot;' &quot;'&quot; &quot;'&quot;; /* Straight...'</comment>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="3252" xml:space="preserve">/* Protection icon
the following line controls the page-protection icon in the upper right corner
it must remain within this comment
	{{sandbox other||{{pp-template}}}}

*/

/* Overrides
Some wikis do not override user agent default styles for HTML &lt;cite&gt; and &lt;q&gt;,
unlike en.wp. On en.wp, keep these the same as [[MediaWiki:Common.css]]
*/
cite.citation {
	font-style: inherit; /* Remove italics for &lt;cite&gt; */
}

.citation q {
	quotes: '&quot;' '&quot;' &quot;'&quot; &quot;'&quot;; /* Straight quote marks for &lt;q&gt; */
}

/* ID and URL access
Both core and Common.css have selector .mw-parser-output a[href$=&quot;.pdf&quot;].external
for PDF pages. All TemplateStyles pages are hoisted to .mw-parser-output. We need
to have specificity equal to a[href$=&quot;.pdf&quot;].external for locks to override PDF icon.

the .id-lock-... selectors are for use by non-citation templates like {{Catalog lookup link}}
*/
.id-lock-free a,
.citation .cs1-lock-free a {
	background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent),
		url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

.id-lock-limited a,
.id-lock-registration a,
.citation .cs1-lock-limited a,
.citation .cs1-lock-registration a {
	background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent),
		url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

.id-lock-subscription a,
.citation .cs1-lock-subscription a {
	background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent),
		url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

.cs1-subscription,
.cs1-registration {
	color: #555;
}

.cs1-subscription span,
.cs1-registration span {
	border-bottom: 1px dotted;
	cursor: help;
}

/* Wikisource
Wikisource icon when |chapter= or |title= is wikilinked to Wikisource
as in cite wikisource
*/
.cs1-ws-icon a {
	background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent),
		url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg)
		right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat;
}

/* Errors and maintenance */
code.cs1-code {
	/* &lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt; style override: mediawiki's css definition is specified here:
	https://git.wikimedia.org/blob/mediawiki%2Fcore.git/
		69cd73811f7aadd093050dbf20ed70ef0b42a713/skins%2Fcommon%2FcommonElements.css#L199
	*/
	color: inherit;
	background: inherit;
	border: none; /* this maybe can be inherit. MDN says yes, code editor says no */
	padding: inherit;
}

.cs1-hidden-error {
	display: none;
	font-size: 100%;
}

.cs1-visible-error {
	font-size: 100%;
}

.cs1-maint {
	display: none;
	color: #33aa33;
	margin-left: 0.3em;
}

/* Small text size
Set small text size in one place. 0.95 (here) * 0.9 (from references list) is
~0.85, which is the lower bound for size for accessibility. Old styling for this
was just 0.85. We could write the rule so that when this template is inside
references/reflist, only then does it multiply by 0.95; else multiply by 0.85 */
.cs1-format {
	font-size: 95%;
}

/* kerning */
.cs1-kern-left,
.cs1-kern-wl-left {
	padding-left: 0.2em;
}

.cs1-kern-right,
.cs1-kern-wl-right {
	padding-right: 0.2em;
}

/* selflinks – avoid bold font style when cs1|2 template links to the current page */
.citation .mw-selflink {
	font-weight: inherit;
}</text>
      <sha1>oaoi1bld4zu2dgneb2yaj11tyyqa6vc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Citation</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9978</id>
      <timestamp>2021-08-27T19:05:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'error('This module is retained for historical and structural reasons; consider using [[Module:Citation/CS1]].')'</comment>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="111" xml:space="preserve">error('This module is retained for historical and structural reasons; consider using [[Module:Citation/CS1]].')</text>
      <sha1>kmntkyskruxg89datpul18opznsvvye</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9987</id>
      <parentid>9985</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-09-01T14:43:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3873" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus}}}} }}

&lt;poem&gt;
''Prologus''

Carmina chromatico quae audis modulata tenore,
Haec sunt illa quibus nostrae olim arcana salutis
Bis senae intrepido cecinerunt ore Sibyllae.

''I. Sibylla Persica''

Virgine matre satus, pando residebit asello
Iucundus princeps, unus qui ferre salutem
Rite queat lapsis; tamen illis forte diebus
Multi multa ferent, immensi facta laboris.
Solo sed satis est oracula prodere verbo:
Ille Deus casta nascetur virgine magnus.

''II. Sibylla Libyca''

Ecce dies venient, quo aeternus tempore princeps,
Irradians sata laeta, viris sua crimina tollet,
Lumine clarescet cuius synagoga recenti:
Sordida qui solus reserabit labra reorum,
Aequus erit cunctis, gremio rex membra reclinet
Reginae mundi, sanctus, per saecula vivus.

''III. Sibylla Delphica''

Non tarde veniet, tacita sed mente tenendum
Hoc opus; hoc memori semper qui corde reponet,
Huius pertentant cor gaudia magna prophetae
Eximii, qui virginea conceptus ab alvo
Prodibit, sine contactu maris, omnia vincit
Hoc naturae opera: at fecit, qui cuncta gubernat

''IV. Sibylla Cimmeria''

In teneris annis facie praesignis, honore
Militiae aeternae regem sacra virgo cibabit
Lacte suo; per quem gaudebunt pectore summo
Omnia, et Eo lucebit sidus ab orbe
Mirificum; sua dona Magi cum laude ferentes,
Obiicient puero myrrham, aurum, thura Sabaea.

''V. Sibylla Samia''

Ecce dies, nigras quae tollet laeta tenebras,
Mox veniet, solvens nodosa volumina vatum
Gentis Judaeae, referent ut carmina plebis.
Hunc poterent clarum vivorum tangere regem,
Humano quem virgo sinu inviolata fovebit.
Annuit hoc coelum, rutilantia sidera monstrant.

''VI. Sibylla Cumana''

Iam mea certa manent, et vera, novissima verba
Ultima venturi quod erant oracula regis,
Qui toti veniens mundo cum pace, placebit,
Ut voluit, nostra vestitus carne decenter,
In cunctis humilis, castam pro matre puellam
Deliget, haec alias forma praecesserit omnes.

''VII. Sibylla Hellaspontica''

Dum meditor quondam vidi decorare puellam,
Eximio, castam quod se servaret, honore,
Munera digna suo, et divino numine visa,
Quae sobolem multo pareret splendore micantem:
Progenies summi, speciosa et vera Tonantis,
Pacifica mundum qui sub ditione gubernet.

''VIII. Sibylla Phrygia''

Ipsa Deum vidi summum, punire volentem
Mundi homines stupidos, et pectora caeca, rebellis.
Et quia sic nostram complerent crimina pellem,
Virginis in corpus voluit demittere coelo
Ipse Deus prolem, quam nunciet angelus almae
Matri, quo miseros contracta sorde lavaret.

''IX. Sibylla Europaea''

Virginis aeternum veniet de corpore verbum
Purum, qui valles et montes transiet altos.
Ille volens etiam stellato missus Olympo,
Edetur mundo pauper, qui cuncta silenti
Rexerit imperio. Sic credo, et mente fatebor:
Humano simul ac divino semine natus.

''X. Sibylla Tiburtina''

Vera ipse Deus dedit haec mihi munia fandi,
Carmine quod sanctam potui monstrare puellam,
Concipiet quae Nazareis in finibus, illum,
Quem sub carne Deum Bethlemica rura videbunt.
O nimium felix, coelo dignissima mater,
Quae tantam sacro lactabit ab ubere prolem.

''XI. Sibylla Erythraea''

Cerno Dei natum, qui se dimisit ab alto,
Ultima felices referent cum tempora soles
Hebraea quem virgo feret de stirpe decora,
In terris multum teneris passurus ab annis,
Magnus erit tamen hic divino carmine vates,
Virgine matre satus, prudenti pectore verax.

''XII. Sibylla Agrippa''

Summus erit sub carne satus, charissimus atque,
Virginis et verae complebit viscera sanctum
Verbum, consilio, sine noxa, spiritus almi.
Despectus multis tamen ille, salutis amore,
Arguet et nostra commissa piacula culpa.
Cuius honos constans, et gloria certa manebit.

&lt;/poem&gt;
{{narrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>spaiays7jc7hxsf0mnkns0viofyq14i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lasso</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3543</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus" />
    <revision>
      <id>9984</id>
      <timestamp>2021-09-01T12:40:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lasso]] ad [[Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="59" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Prophetiae Sibyllarum, Lassus]]</text>
      <sha1>emqi55nkgo5xn9jifwlw89yo1g39kny</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Magna Raines</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10029</id>
      <parentid>10028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-11-11T17:59:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="186" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Braintree''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/52187 OSM]

* Reaney, P. H. (1935). The Place-Names of Essex. English Place-Name Society. 12. Cambridge University Press.</text>
      <sha1>1olazsb9hbr2q7whlhjrwlyc9ivlchc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum/Essexia/Nutlea Nigra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3546</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10027</id>
      <timestamp>2021-11-11T17:55:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens 'Anglice ''Black Notley''  * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3296585 OSM]'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">Anglice ''Black Notley''

* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/3296585 OSM]</text>
      <sha1>5ughac0iyf90kw4wvpsuw9d05vghc4d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 610</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10069</id>
      <parentid>10067</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-02-02T14:20:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1502" xml:space="preserve">{{NarrowColumn|&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Liber
|Ante= Requiem
|AnteNomen= ../Requiem, Mozart K. 626
|Post= Vesperae solennes de Confessore
|PostNomen= ../Vesperae solennes de Confessore
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Magnificat, RV 610}}}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|1. Magnificat anima mea Dominum (Adagio, G minor)}}}}}}
Magnificat anima mea Dominum;
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Et exultavit spiritus meus}}}}}}
Et exultavit spiritus meus in Deo salutari meo,
Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae; ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent omnes generationes.
Quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est, et sanctum nomen ejus,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Et misericordia ejus}}}}}}
Et misericordia ejus a progenie in progenies timentibus eum.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Fecit potentiam}}}}}}
Fecit potentiam in bracchio suo;
Dispersit superbos mente cordis sui.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Deposuit potentes}}}}}}
Deposuit potentes de sede, et exaltavit humiles.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Esurientes}}}}}}
Esurientes implevit bonis, et divites dimisit inanes.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Suscepit Israel}}}}}}
Suscepit Israel, puerum suum, recordatus misericordiae suae,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Sicut locutus est}}}}}}
Sicut locutus est ad patres nostros, Abraham et semini ejus in saecula.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Gloria Patri}}}}}}
Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Sicut erat in principio}}}}}}
sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper: 
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Et in saecula saeculorum}}}}}}
et in Saecula saeculorum. Amen.
&lt;/poem&gt;
}}</text>
      <sha1>g9oyk272ct7ttgofpxl5l34t6qpwq74</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 620</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3550</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 610" />
    <revision>
      <id>10068</id>
      <timestamp>2022-02-02T14:20:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 620]] ad [[Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 610]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Classica/Magnificat, RV 610]]</text>
      <sha1>aotz2cqyilduwv43xc8k9okpekddsh3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Elgar, Op 2</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3551</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10076</id>
      <parentid>10075</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-02-02T17:08:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1601" xml:space="preserve">{{NarrowColumn|&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Liber
|Ante= Requiem
|AnteNomen= ../Requiem, Mozart K. 626
|Post= Vesperae solennes de Confessore
|PostNomen= ../Vesperae solennes de Confessore
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Opus II}}}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Ave Verum}}}}}}
Ave verum corpus, natum
de Maria Virgine,
vere passum, immolatum
in cruce pro homine
cuius latus perforatum
fluxit aqua et sanguine:
esto nobis prægustatum
in mortis examine.
{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Ave Maria}}}}}}
Ave Maria, gratia plena,
Dominus tecum, Virgo serena.
Ave cuius conceptio,
solemni plena gaudio,
celestia, terrestria,
nova replet letitia.
Ave cuius nativitas,
nostra fuit solemnitas,
ut lucifer lux oriens
verum solem preveniens.
Ave pia humilitas,
sine viro fecunditas,
cuius annunciatio
nostra fuit salvatio.
Ave vera virginitas,
immaculata castitas,
cuius purificatio
nostra fuit purgatio.
Ave preclara omnibus
angelicis virtutibus,
cuius fuit assumptio
nostra glorificatio.
O Mater Dei, memento mei. Amen.

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Ave maris stella}}}}}}
Ave, maris stella,
Dei mater alma,
atque semper virgo,
felix cœli porta.

Sumens illud «Ave»
Gabrielis ore,
funda nos in pace,
mutans Evæ nomen.

Solve vincla reis,
profer lumen cæcis,
mala nostra pelle,
bona cuncta posce.

Monstra te esse matrem,
sumat per te precem 
qui pro nobis natus
tulit esse tuus.

Virgo singularis,
inter omnes mitis,
nos culpis solutos
mites fac et castos.

Vitam præsta puram, 
iter para tutum, 
ut videntes Jesum 
semper collætemur.

Sit laus Deo Patri,
summo Christo decus, 
Spiritui Sancto 
tribus honor unus. Amen.

&lt;/poem&gt;
}}</text>
      <sha1>62li4d483ax2qhut0mrmk0xugmz9io6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Officium defunctorum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3552</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10089</id>
      <parentid>10088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-02-21T21:29:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3245" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Officium defunctorum, &lt;/br&gt;Thomas Ludovicus de Victoria}}}} }}

&lt;poem&gt;


'''Taedet anima mea'''

Taedet anima mea vitae meae, 
dimittam adversum me eloquium meum, 
loquar in amaritudine animae meae. 

Dicam Deo: Noli me condemnare:
indica mihi, cur me ita iudices. 
Numquid bonum tibi videtur,
si calumnieris, el opprimas me,
opus manuum tuarum,
et consilium impiorum adiuves? 
Numquid oculi carnei tibi sunt:
aut sicut videt homo, et tu vides? 
Numquid sicut dies hominis dies tui,
et anni tui sicut humana sunt tempora, 
ut quaeras iniquitatem meam,
et peccatum meum scruteris?
Et scias, quia nihil impium fecerim,
cum sit nemo, qui de manu tua possit eruere.


'''I Introit: Requiem aeternam''' 

Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine,
et lux perpetua luceat eis.
Te decet hymnus Deus in Sion,
et tibi reddetur votum in lerusalem: exaudi orationem meam.
ad te omnis caro veniet.


'''II Kyrie'''
Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison. Kyrie eleison


'''III Requiem aeternam'''
Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine,
et lux perpetua luceat eis.
In memoria aeterna erit iustus: ab auditione mala non timebit.

'''IV Domine, Jesu Christe'''

Domine lesu Christe, Rex gloriae,
libera animas omnium fidelium defunctorum de poenis inferni, et de profundo lacu. Libera eas de ore leonis,
ne absorbeat eas tartarus,
ne cadant in obscurum:
sed signifer Sanctus Michael
repraesentet eas in lucem sanctam:
Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini eius. Hostias et preces tibi, Domine,
laudis offerimus:
tu suscipe pro animabus illis,
quarum hodie memoriam facimus:
fac eas, Domine, de morte transire ad vitam, Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini eius.

'''V Sanctus &amp; Benedictus''' 

Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus,
Dominus Deus Sabaoth,
pleni sunt caeli et terra gloria tua. Osanna in exceisis.
Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. Osanna in excelsis.


'''VI Agnus Dei'''
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi,
dona eis requiem.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona eis requiem.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona eis requiem sempiternam.

'''VII Lux aeterna''' 
Lux aeterna luceat eis, Domine.
cum sanctis tuis, in aeternum: 
quia pius es.

Requiem aeternam dona eis Domine, 
et lux perpetua luceat eis
cum sanctis tuis in aeternum,
quia pius es.
Requiescant in pace. Amen

'''VIII Versa est in luctum'''
Versa est in luctum cithara mea, 
et organum in vocem flentium. 
Parce mihi, Domine,
nihil enimsunt dies mei.

'''IX Libera me, Domine''' 
Libera me, Domine, de morte aeterna,
in die illa tremenda:
Quando caeli movendi sunt et terra
dum veneris iudicare saeculum per ignem.

Tremens factus sum ego, et timeo,
dum discussio venerit, atque ventura ira. 
Quando caeli movendi sunt et terra.

Dies illa, dies irae, calamitatis et miseriae, dies magna et amara valde:
Dum veneris iudicare saeculum per ignem.
Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
Libera me, Domine, de morte aeterna,
in die illa tremenda:
Quando caeli movendi sunt et terra:
Dum veneris iudicare saeculum per ignem.

Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison. Kyrie eleison.


&lt;/poem&gt;
{{narrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>62nkn22i2uaz8ul6jg2s533jqc2yuhq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Bot policy</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>3555</id>
    <redirect title="Vicilibri:Porta communis" />
    <revision>
      <id>10123</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-20T06:15:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rschen7754</username>
        <id>1224</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Redirigens ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis]]</text>
      <sha1>684f92k745q579hlv01li0juy8neg48</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Apollo et Hyacinthus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3558</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10204</id>
      <parentid>10203</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-28T20:32:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18021" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumn|
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Apollo et Hyacinthus}}}} K. 38}}

{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|''seu''&lt;br/&gt;Hyacinthi Metmorphosis}}}}}}

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Person&amp;aelig;}}}}}}
'''Oebalus''', ''Lacedemoni&amp;aelig; Rex'', Tenor.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Melia''', ''Oebali Filia'', Sopranus.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Hyacinthus''', ''Oebali Filius'', Sopranus.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Apollo''', ''ab Oebalo hospitio exceptus'', Altus.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Zephyrus''', ''Hyacinthi intimus'', Altus.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Sacrificulus Apollinis primus''', Bassus.&lt;br/&gt;
'''Sacrificulus Apollinis secundus''', Bassus.&lt;br/&gt;

Scena fingitur in urbe Sardi.

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Prologus}}}}}}

''Oebalus Rex, fulmine aram Apollini sacrificantis destruente territus, a suis erigitur et Apollinem exsulem excipit.''

''Hyacinthus, Zephyrus, deinde Oebalus et Melia.''

'''Hyacinthus''': Amice! Iam parata sunt omnia.&lt;br/&gt;
Aderit, ut spero, cum sorore dilecta meus&lt;br/&gt;
Ad sacra, quae constituit, actutum Pater.

'''Zephyrus''': Ni fallor, est Apollo, quem colitis.

'''Hyacinthus''': Hic est.

'''Zephyrus''': Apollini ergo tanta sacrificia parat Oebalus?&lt;br/&gt;
An alios nescit in coelis Deos?&lt;br/&gt;
An Semelis ergo natus, an Juno, Venus,&lt;br/&gt;
Diana, Mars, Vulcanus, an Supernum potens&lt;br/&gt;
Caput atque Princeps ture nil vestro indigent?&lt;br/&gt;

'''Hyacinthus''': Quibusque consecramus, o Zephyre! Diis&lt;br/&gt;
Nullusque nostris vacuus a templis abiit:&lt;br/&gt;
At solus istud Apollo sibi templum suo&lt;br/&gt;
Vindicat honori. Genitor hunc magnum Deum&lt;br/&gt;
Veneratur, et ego veneror exemplo Patris.

'''Zephyrus''': O care! Quam libenter offerrem ilia&lt;br/&gt;
Pectusque, si tu Apollo mihi meus fores!

'''Hyacinthus''': Dilecte quid me Zephyre! Permisces Diis?&lt;br/&gt;
Honore non me dignor, at novi bene:&lt;br/&gt;
Extorsit ista nimius in Hyacinthum amor.&lt;br/&gt;
(''Venit Oebalus et Melia''.)&lt;br/&gt;
Sed en! Sorore comite nunc Genitor venit.

'''Oebalus''': Dic nate! Num parata sacrificio hostia&lt;br/&gt;
Et ignes?

'''Hyacinthus''': Ecce genitor! Ad nutum omnia&lt;br/&gt;
Parata pr&amp;aelig;stolantur adventum tuum.

'''Oebalus''': Bene: ergo succedantur a flamine focus,&lt;br/&gt;
Et thure plurimo ara pr&amp;aelig;gravis gemat,&lt;br/&gt;
Fumusque sacrificantis in nubes eat.

'''Melia''': Heu genitor! Atra nube tempestas minax&lt;br/&gt;
Ingruit, et omnis glomerat huc noctem Polus.

'''Oebalus''': Adeste! Longioris impatiens mor&amp;aelig;&lt;br/&gt;
Apollo thus et hostiam a nobis petit.&lt;br/&gt;
Fugiet ad istas s&amp;aelig;va tempestas preces,&lt;br/&gt;
Et blanda facies solis his iterum plagis&lt;br/&gt;
Redibit. Agite! Fundite et mecum preces.&lt;br/&gt;

'''Chorus''': Numen o Latonium!&lt;br/&gt;
Audi vota supplicum,&lt;br/&gt;
Qui ter digno Te honore&lt;br/&gt;
Certant sancte colere:&lt;br/&gt;
Hos benigno Tu favore&lt;br/&gt;
Subditos prosequere.&lt;br/&gt;

'''Oebalus''': O Apollo creditam&lt;br/&gt;
Tibi semper protege&lt;br/&gt;
Et dignare lumine&lt;br/&gt;
Oebali Laconiam.&lt;br/&gt;
(''Fulmen ignem et aram destruit''.)&lt;br/&gt;
''Melia, Oebalus, Hyacinthus, Zephyrus''.&lt;br/&gt;

'''Melia''': Heu me! Periimus! Numen heu nostras preces respuit!

'''Oebalus''': An aliquis forsan ex vobis Deum violavit?

'''Malia''': Haud me Genitor ullius ream
Invenio culp&amp;aelig;.

'''Hyacinthus''': Semper hunc colui Deum.&lt;br/&gt;
(O Zephyre! Quantum timeo ne verbis tuis&lt;br/&gt;
H&amp;aelig;c ira sit succensa qu&amp;aelig;dixti prius.)&lt;br/&gt;

'''Zephyrus''': (Hyacinthe! Si me diligis, cela Patrem,&lt;br/&gt;
Et verba prolata prius a nobis tace!)

'''Oebalus''': Extinctus ignis, ara subversa, hostia&lt;br/&gt;
Contempta nobis grande pr&amp;aelig;sagit malum!&lt;br/&gt;
Heu totus hoc concussus a fulmine tremo!

'''Hyacinthus''': Erigere mentem Genitor! Insonentem geris&lt;br/&gt;
Animum, quid ergo Numine a bono mali&lt;br/&gt;
Metuas? Ab isto fulmine es l&amp;aelig;sus nihil,&lt;br/&gt;
Nostrumque nemo, quotquot adsumus, ruit.&lt;br/&gt;
Vivimus, et omnes pristinus vigor beat:&lt;br/&gt;
Hinc terruisse voluit hoc fulmine Deus&lt;br/&gt;
Terras, potestas pateat ut mundo magis,&lt;br/&gt;
Maneatque cum fiducia in nobis timor.&lt;br/&gt;

&lt;poem&gt;
S&amp;aelig;pe terrent Numina,
Surgunt, et minantur,
Fingunt bella, qu&amp;aelig; nos angunt,
Mittunt tela, qu&amp;aelig; non tangunt,
At post ficta nubila
Rident et iocantur.
Et amore
Et tremore
Gentes stringunt subditas:
Nunc amando,
Nunc minando,
Salva stat auctoritas.
&lt;/poem&gt;

''Oebalus, deinde Apollo, Hyacinthus, Melia, Zephyrus''.

'''Oebalus''': Ah, Nate! Vera loqueris: at metuo tamen,&lt;br/&gt;
Apollo ne fors perdat hoc igne Oebalum.&lt;br/&gt;
(''Accedit Apollo''.)

'''Apollo''': Apollo vestras audit, o credite! preces&lt;br/&gt;
Suamque pollicetur his terris opem,&lt;br/&gt;
Recipere si velitis hunc modo exsulem&lt;br/&gt;
Iramque fulminantis exosum Iovis.

'''Oebalus''': Quid? Numen hac sub veste pastoris latens&lt;br/&gt;
In nostra pr&amp;aelig;sens regna suscipi cupit?

'''Hyacinthus''': En Genitor! ut lusisse nos superi solent!
Iam tibi medelam s&amp;aelig;va post vulnera Deus
Adfert, tuamque regiam pr&amp;aelig;sens beat.

'''Melia''': O quam beato sidere h&amp;aelig;c nubila dies
Nos recreat, ipse Apollo dum nostros lares
Optatus hospes visitat! O quantus decor!
Qu&amp;aelig; forma! quanta dignitas! Quanta omnibus
Gloriaque membris atque maiestas sedet!

'''Apollo''': Melia! quid in pastore tam dignum vides
Suspensa quod mirere?

'''Melia''': Video.

'''Apollo''': Et quid vides?
Eloquere pulchra!

'''Melia''': Video pulchrum Apollinem,
Cui cum Parente corda iamdudum obtuli.

'''Apollo''': Quod obtulisti pectus, haud revoca amplius;
Hoc inter orbis dona pr&amp;aelig;primis placet.

'''Zephyrus''': (Hyacinthe! quantum timeo pr&amp;aelig;sentem Deum!)

'''Hyacinthus''': (Me quoque tremenda dignitas timidum facit.)

'''Apollo''': Hyacinthe! amicum semper addictum tibi
Habebis in me, amare si Deum potes.

'''Hyacinthus''': O quanta res, diligere si Hyacinthum potes!

'''Zephyrus''': (Heu! nunc amatum Apollo mihi puerum rapit!)

'''Oebalus''': Dies beata! Numen o sanctum! meos,
Manere si dignaris, ingredere Lares,
Diuque me rogante nobiscum mane.

'''Apollo''': Habebis in me, crede, tibi facilem Deum.
&lt;poem&gt;
Iam pastor Apollo
Custodio greges,
Nixus et baculo
Vigilans sto;
Iam pascere nolo
Et visito reges,
Iam medicinas
Mortalibus do.
Moestus levare
Aegros iuvare
Est sola tangens
Apollinem res:
Hic me manente,
Vobis favente,
Rex omni rege
Beatior es.
&lt;/poem&gt;

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Chorus I}}}}}}

''
Apollo propter necem Hyacintho illatam Oebali regia discedere iubetur.
Oebalus, Melia.
''
'''Oebalus''': Amare numquid Filia, haud dubito, Deum,
Favore qui ter dignus est nostro, potes?

'''Melia''': Quid loquere, Pater? Apollo mortalem
Sibi me iugali cupiat adiungi toro?

'''Oebalus''': Dubitare noli, Apollo te sponsam petit,
Meumque, libertate sed Nata utere
Tua, roganti placidus adsensum dedi.

'''Melia''': Negare cum me, Genitor! adsensum putes?
Qu&amp;aelig; virgo contempsisse divinum virum
Tantosque honores, stulta nisi et animi impotens
Fuerit, et obstitisse fortun&amp;aelig; velit?

'''Oebalus''': Prudenter istud Nata! coniugium eligis;
Sic namque per te Frater et Genitor tuus,
Sic et Nepotes sorte divina eminent
Sic nostra diva efficitur his facibus domus.

'''Melia''': Dic, ubi moratur Apollo? colloquio illius
O ut liceret optimo actutum frui!

'''Oebalus''': Cum Fratre disco ludit et Zephyro simul
In nemore. At huc redibit, ut spero,citus
Tuumque me pr&amp;aelig;sente consensum petet.

'''Melia''': O petat! habebit omne, quod pectus cupit.
&lt;poem&gt;
L&amp;aelig;tari, iocari
Fruique divinis
Honoribus stat
Dum Hymen optimus
T&amp;aelig;dis et floribus
Grata, beata
Connubia iungit
Et gaudia dat.
Iam diva vocabor
Si Numen amabo;
Per astra vagabor
Et nubes calcabo;
Et urbes, et regna
Devoveant se,
Et Fauni adorent,
Et Satyri me.
&lt;/poem&gt;

(''Accedit Zephyrus''.)
''Zephyrus, Oebalus, Melia''.

'''Zephyrus''': Rex! de salute Filii est actum; iacet
Hyacinthus!

'''Oebalus''': Heu me! nuntium o tristem nimis!
Qua morte cecidit?

'''Zephyrus''': Ictus a disco ruit.

'''Oebalus''': Quis Filium occidisse non timuit meum?

'''Zephyrus''': Apollo.

'''Oebalus''': Contremisco!

'''Melia''': Superi quid? Deus,
Qui me beare voluit, hic Fratri necem
Sit machinatus? Ista quis credat tibi?

'''Zephyrus''': Vera loquor, et testis ego pereuntis fui.
Vix lapsus est Hyacinthus, aufugi, malum
Ne simile feriat forsan et nostrum caput.

'''Oebalus''': Sic ergo plectis Numen innocuos? Favor,
Quo te recepi, morte num Nati unici
Dignus erat? Ergo Meliam et Natam quoque
Surripere Patri, Numen, o falsum paras?

'''Melia''': O absit a me Genitor! ut sponsum eligam,
Deoque, qui cruore Germani madet,
Nuptura porrexisse pr&amp;aelig;sumam manus.

'''Zephyrus''': (Quid audio? an coniucia meditatur Deus?
An Meliam et rapuisse mihi amatam cupit?
Qui rapuit Hyacinthi, anne et istius mihi
Rapiet amorem?)

'''Oebalus''': Zephyre! qu&amp;aelig; causa improbum
Adegit hoc ad facinus?

'''Zephyrus''': Haud ullam scio.
Natus ad amoenum litus Eurot&amp;aelig; stetit,
Duscumque mat&amp;aelig; proximum adspiciens, meus,
Clamabat, ecce discus est vestro prior,
Metamque tetigit. Apollo tum discum iacit,
Loquentis et propelli in pueri caput,
Quo l&amp;aelig;susiste pronus in terram ruit.
Non dubito, quin extinctus hoc disci impetu
Fuerit.

'''Oebalus''': An sic furere non dubitat Deus,
Ut sibi brnignum privet et prole Oebalum?
Exisse regno Numen invisum mihi
Meisque iubeo. Zephyre! fac pellas reum,
Maiora ne, vel plura mihi damna inferat.

'''Zephyrus''': Rex! regna tua sunt: ipse tu pelle impium.
Tu morte Nati l&amp;aelig;sus es. Timeo Deum,
Qui fulmen hoc torqueret in nostrum caput.
(Expellat utinam! noster ut possit dolus
Latere; nam c&amp;aelig;dis ego sum fact&amp;aelig; reus!)

'''Oebalus''': Abibo! Vos manete! Si veniat Deus
Ad vos, abire, Nata! crudelem iube.
Ad litus Eurot&amp;aelig; ibo, num vivat, meum
Videre Natum. Forsan occurret mihi mihi
Apollo, regnis Numen exosum meis.
(''Abit''.)

'''Zephyrus''': (Succedit ad mea vota, succedit dolus,
Meliaque mea dilecta nunc coniunx manet.)

'''Melia''': Non capio, cur Apollo ne l&amp;aelig;sus quidem
Necarit unice ante dilectum sibi
Hyacinthum. Amare qui Sororem me queat,
Si Fratris ante polluat fato manus?

'''Zephyrus''': Dilecta! ne mirare, quod tantum scelus
Apollo perpetrarit; haud nosti impium:
Astutus est, crudelis, inconstans, levis:
Hinc exulare iussus est coelis, suo
Furore ne turbaret unamnimes Deos.
'''Melia''': Meliora credidisse de tanto Deo
Mens dictat (ast incertus est animus tamen,
Timorque spesque pectore alternant vices).

'''Zephyrus''': Melia! quid animo volvis? ah! Sponsum abice,
Cuius cruore dextra fraterno calet,
Zephyrumque, cuius ipsa sat nosti fidem,
Amore, quo beatus efficiar, bea.

'''Melia''': Nunc fata Fratris cogito, haud Zephyri faces.

'''Zephyrus''': O dura! num sprevisse sic Zephyrum potes?
&lt;poem&gt;
En! Duos conspicis:
Amantem et nocentem,
Iuvantem et furentem;
Cui manum porrigis?
Apollo te necabit,
At Zephyrus amabit,
Fraterno qui dexteram
Tinxit cruore,
Tentabit in tenera
Plura Sorore:
Quem prudens eligis?
&lt;/poem&gt;
''Zephyrus, Melia, deinde Apollo''.

'''Zephyrus''': Heu! Numen! ecce! Numen huc gressum movet;
Melia quid agimus? indica effugii locum!
Timeo ferocem.

'''Melia''': An ergo me solam obiicis?
Subsiste! nam iactata sic perstat fides?

'''Zephyrus''': Ne patere, qu&amp;aelig;so, ut noceat insonti Deus!
(''Accedit Apollo''.)

'''Apollo''': Adesne latro! fraudis infand&amp;aelig; artifex!
Hyacinthum amicum rapere non fuerat satis?
Rapuisse sponsam numquid et nostram simul,
Sceleste, tentas? crimen et mendax novis
Criminibus auges? Impie! iratum tibi
Quid possit, experire, iam Numen modo!
Amantis et nocentis, et iuste quidem
Nocentis experire vindictam Dei!
Irruite, venti! claude sceleratum specu
Aeole!

'''Zephyrus''': Quid! heu me!
(''Zephyrus in ventum mutatus abripitur''.)

'''Melia''': Quid agis, o Numen grave!
Funeribus an replere vis regnum Patris?
Iam Fratre c&amp;aelig;so occidis et Zephyrum simul?
Tyranne! nunc et Meliam et regem obprimes?

'''Apollo''': O cara!

'''Melia''': Quid! vocasse me caram audes?
Cruente!

'''Apollo''': Me percipere si non sit grave.

'''Melia''': Est grave, tace! atque nostra, sic Genitor iubet,
Illico relinque regna, ne noceas magis!

'''Apollo''': (Ah, pone tandem fulmen o Supernum Pater!
Quousque persequetur hic miserum furor?)

'''Melia''': Discede crudelis!
&lt;poem&gt;
Gaudebo, tyrannus
Si deserit me!
Vah! insolentem,
Qui violat iura!
Discede! discede;
Nam metuo te.
&lt;/poem&gt;

'''Apollo''': Est, crede! fidelis,
&lt;poem&gt;
Est mitis Apollo,
Qui deperit te.
Quid? innocentem
Sic abicis dura!
Sic perdis amicum,
Si reiicis me.
Quem coeli premunt inopem,
An terris agat exsulem?
Manebo!
Quousque sederit dira,
Qu&amp;aelig; pectora sauciat ira,
Latebo.
&lt;/poem&gt;

{{c|{{x-larger|{{sc|Chorus II}}}}}}

''
Oebalus, cognita Apollinis innocentia, hunc benigne recipit, eique Filiam coniugem tradit.
Hyacinthus, Oebalus.
''
'''Hyacinthus''': Non est.

'''Oebalus''': Quis ergo Nate! dic, si Patrem amas,
Quis te peremit?

'''Hyacinthus''': Zephyrus; - heu me! - si - Deus
Adesset! -

'''Oebalus''': Heu, iam moritur! -

'''Hyacinthus''': O Pater! Pater! -
Mors - est - acerba!

'''Oebalus''': Nate!

'''Hyacinthus''': Genitor! - Ah! - Vale!
(''Moritur'')

'''Oebalus''': Hyacinthe! - Nate! - vixit - exanimis iacet!
Apollo, dixit, innocens est o Pater!
Crede mihi, non est, Zephyrus est auctor necis.
Sic ergo mecum Zephyre ter mendax! agis?
Sic Numen ipsum sceleris et tanti reum
Arguere, sic me fallere haud Regem times?
Cruente! faxim crimen hoc proprio luas
Cruore! - Mortem Filii an inultus feram?
Ut navis in &amp;aelig;quore luxuriante
Per montes, per valles undarum iactatur,
Et iamiam proxima nubibus stat,
Et iamiam proxima Tartaro nat:
Sic bilis a pectore bella minante
Per corpus, per venas, per membra grassatur;
Furore sublevor;
Dolore deprimor;
Ira, vindicta conglomerant se,
Atque quassare non desinunt me.
(''Accedit Melia''.)
''Melia, Oebalus.
'''''Melia''': Quocumque me converto, crudelis Dei
Monumenta detestanda conspicio. Prius
Perire Zephyrum videram, et Fratrem modo
Video natare sanguine insontem suo.

'''Oebalus''': Quid comite nullo Filia huc infers pedem?
An latro iamiam fugit?

'''Melia''': Hunc iussi illico
Vitare nostra regna, nam c&amp;aelig;dem improbus
Nova gravare c&amp;aelig;de non timuit Deus.

'''Oebalus''': Quid loquere? c&amp;aelig;dem Nata! quam narras novam?

'''Melia''': O Rex! amicum rapuit, et Zephyrum quidem,
Ventisque me vidente lacerandum dedit.

'''Oebalus''': O iustus est Apollo, dum plectit scelus,
Quod imputavit perfidus et atrox Deo
Zephyrus! hic auctor, Filia! est fact&amp;aelig; necis.
Non est Apollo: Zephyrus in Fratrem tuum
Discum agere non dubitavit.

'''Melia''': Unde autem Pater!
H&amp;aelig;c nosse poteras?

'''Oebalus''': Natus hic retulit mihi,
Nam vivus est inventus a nobis. Meis
Extinctus est in manibus.

'''Melia''': Heu me! quid? Pater!
Quid ergo regno exisse iussisti Deum?

'''Oebalus''': Filia! dolore motus est Zephyri dolus
Delusus, id iussisse me memini. Impium
Quis tale sibi timuisset a Zephyro scelus?

'''Melia''': O Genitor! omnes perditi iamiam sumus!
Discessit, heu! discessit a nobis Deus!
O crede, non inultus id probrum feret.

'''Oebalus''': Quid? Nata! discessisse iam Numen putas?

'''Melia''': Nil dubito; namque exire de regno tuo
Apollinem ipsa, linquere et nostros lares
Iussi. O ut hanc revocare nunc possem
Deum!

'''Oebalus''': Heu! fata quam sinistra nos hodie obruunt!
&lt;poem&gt;
Natus cadit,
Atque Deus
Me nolente,
Nesciente
L&amp;aelig;sus abit.
Regnum sine Numine
Iam non diu stabit:
Numen! qu&amp;aelig;so, flectere,
Et ad nos revertere!
&lt;/poem&gt;

'''Melia''': Frater cadit,
&lt;poem&gt;
Atque meus
Te iubente
Me dolente
Sponsus abit.
Sponsa sine complice
Quaeso, quid amabit?
Noli sponsam plectere!
Numen! ah regredere!
&lt;/poem&gt;

(''Accedit Apollo''.)
''Apollo'','' Oebalus'','' Melia''.

'''Apollo''': Rex! me redire cogit in Hyacinthum amor.
Ignosce, quod Numen ego tua regna audeam
Pr&amp;aelig;sens beare! Disce, quid Numen queat!
Hyacinthe surge! funus et flore &amp;aelig;mulo
Nomenque pr&amp;aelig;ferente Defuncti tege.
(''Subsidens cum funere tellus hyacinthos flores germinat''.)

'''Oebalus''': Quid video? Surrexisse de Nato meo
Conspicio flores?

'''Melia''': Numen o nimium potes!
Pudore me, suffusa profiteor ream.
Ad verba Zephyri, Patris ad iussa omnia
Qu&amp;aelig; me poenitet, feci.
[...]

'''Oebalus''': Optime
Parce Deus! Ignarus ego, quis fuerit necis
Auctor patrat&amp;aelig;, pessimo Zephyro fidem
Habui, meumque credidi Natum tua
Periisse fraude. Zephyrus o quanta improbus
Induxit in regna mea, ni parcas, mala!

'''Melia''': O Numen! haud fuisse contemptum putes;
Abire quod te iusserim, imprudens fui
Credulaque nimium, et ira mihi verba abstulit,
Qu&amp;aelig; de dolore Fratris occisi meant.

'''Apollo''': Confide Rex! Apollo non fugiet tua
Regna. Manet, et manebit heic tecum, fide
Iam stare si promissa demonstres tua.

'''Oebalus''': Intelligo. Ecce Nata! te sponsam Deus
Dignatus elegisse.

'''Melia''': Num credam Deum
Amare posse Meliam?

'''Apollo''': O crede! ipsemet
Iuppiter amare s&amp;aelig;pe mortales solet;
Amare namque convenit tantum Diis,
Vobis amari.

'''Melia''': Numen! en famulam, suo
Qu&amp;aelig; pro Parente pectus hoc offert tibi.

'''Oebalus''': En! Si placere sponsa mortalis potest,
Apollo! nostra Filiam adductam manu
Accipe, meoque semper in regno mane.
Hyacinthus obiit: alter Hyacinthus mihi
Eris, manere Filia hac factus gener,
Regione si digneris in nostra.

'''Apollo''': Oebale!
Accipio l&amp;aelig;tus Meli&amp;aelig; oblat&amp;aelig; manum,
Rebusque semper placidus adsistam tuis.

'''Melia''': Iustitia sic tua Deus elucet magis.

'''Oebalus''': Sic innocentem debita haud merces fugit.

'''Apollo''': Sic s&amp;aelig;cla te futura clementem sonent.
&lt;poem&gt;
Tandem post turbida
Fulmina, nubila
Tonantis murmura,
Pax alma virescit
Et explicat se.
&lt;/poem&gt;


'''Melia''': Post vinvla doloris
&lt;poem&gt;
Nos iungit amabile
Pignus amoris.
Post fata, beata
Nos t&amp;aelig;da coronet
Et erigat te
&lt;/poem&gt;

'''Oebalus''': Post bella furoris
&lt;poem&gt;
Vos iungit amabile
Pignus amoris.
Post fata, optata
Vos t&amp;aelig;da coronat
Et excitat me.
&lt;/poem&gt;


'''Apollo''':Post monstra pavoris
&lt;poem&gt;
Nos iungit amabile
Pignus amoris.
Post fata, sperata
Nos t&amp;aelig;da coronet
Et erigat te.
&lt;/poem&gt;

''FINIS''
&lt;HR&gt;
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  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Sub olea pacis et palma virtutis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3559</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10222</id>
      <parentid>10221</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-28T22:46:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7567" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../
|Post= Stabat Mater, Dvorak
|PostNomen= ../Stabat Mater, Dvorak
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Sub olea pacis et palma virtutis}}}}}}
{{c|{{larger|{{sc|conspicua orbi regia Bohemiae Corona:&lt;br/&gt;Melodrama de Sancto Wenceslao}}}}}}
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Ioannes Dismas Zelenka}}}} ZWV 175}}
&lt;poem&gt;
{{larger|{{sc|1. Symphonia}}}}

{{larger|{{sc|2 . Chorus}}}}

'''Fortitudo''': Fortitudo mea et laus mea Dominus factus est mihi in salutem. Iste Deus meus, glorificabo eum. (Ex 15,2) 

'''Chorus''': Dextera tua, Domine, percussit inimicum et in multitudine gloriae tuae deposuisti adversarios tuos. (Ex 15,6-7) 

{{larger|{{sc|3. Aria}}}}

'''Fortitudo''': Haec coeli est victoria causae, triumphat aequitas, Martis perennet Gloria, prostrata est Gentilitas. 

{{larger|{{sc|4. Recitativo}}}}

'''Suspitio''': Hem! Quae ista? Fastus, an Pietas? Fortitudo? An Temeritas? Est, est Ambitio, est Aemulatio. Sed quam exuit, substitutio larvam Arrogantiae. 

'''Zelus Eucharisticus''': Quo tendis, adversa Suspitio? Quo prodis, larvae indicio? Abscede, abscede, recede. 

{{larger|{{sc|5. Aria}}}}

'''Zelus Eucharisticus''': En! Pietatis adamas invicta Fortitudo, non praevalet adversitas, nulla vicissitudo. 

{{larger|{{sc|6. Recitativo}}}}

'''Majestas''': Dura certamina honorum sunt praeludia. Premitur, non opprimitur Innocentia. Majestas coronet Virtutem, Virtus illustret Majestatem. 


{{larger|{{sc|7. Aria}}}}

'''Majestas''': Huc palmas deferte, coronas afferte, huc palmas deferte, coronas, palmas, coronas, palmas deferte. Sceptra ministrate, ostrum adaptate, insigne potestatis infractae, infractae, infractae Pietatis, infractae Pietatis. 

{{larger|{{sc|8. Recitativo}}}}

'''Fortitudo''': Haec summa Gloriae fugere Gloriam coronae. Si Honor Fortitudinis regnare nolle, cum possis; nec nisi aether condigne Virtutem praemiat. 

'''Providentia Divina''': Diadema regni in manu Domini … (Is 62,3) dabitur haereditas his, qui ei proximi sunt. (Num 27,1 1) 

{{larger|{{sc|9. Aria}}}}

'''Providentia Divina''': Augusta domus Austriae, nata posteritas de Venceslai sanguine,  sit diadema regium pignus haereditarium, tuae Prosapiae... 

{{larger|{{sc|10. Aria}}}}

'''Alto''': I, Phoebe, umbras pelle, in toedas ite, stellae, triumpho ministrate, caeli pulillae, lucis favillae, ignes festivos date. 

{{larger|{{sc|11. Recitativo}}}}

'''Fides''': En, en Fidei aemula jacet superstitio, inimica pacis devicta tacet. In petra stat Religio, basim fundat in caelo. 

{{larger|{{sc|12. Aria}}}}

'''Fides''': Huc Virtutes festinate, huc fragmenta coaptate … Putatum lolium cedit in spolium nostrae Victoriae, perennis, perennis gloriae. 

{{larger|{{sc|13. Chorus}}}}

'''Virtutes reliquae''': Eja, de figmentis Colossum paramus, Penatum fragmentis trophaeum levamus, jam Falsitas tacet, Impietas jacet. 

{{larger|{{sc|14. Recitativo}}}}

'''Pietas''': Eja, Pietati comes Religio fortunet iter Ducis in honorem. 

'''Religio''': Tecum pedisequa Triumpho Clientis praestabo decorem. 

{{larger|{{sc|15. Aria}}}}

'''Pietas &amp; Religio''': Jam calle secundo, honoris faecundo progredere, progredere, progredere, progredere Dux; Augusti favoris, Augusti favoris, Augusti favoris exorere, Augusti splendoris exorere, exorere Lux, Regalis splendoris exorere, exorere Lux. 

{{larger|{{sc|16. Ritornello}}}}

{{larger|{{sc|17. Recitativo}}}}

'''Pietas''': Nunquid non messis tritici est? (7 Sam 12,17) 

'''Religio''': Implebuntur areae frumento et redunda[bu]nt torcularia vino. ( Ioel 2,24) 

{{larger|{{sc|18. Aria}}}}

'''Pietas''': Meto culmos, lego spicas …
'''Religio''': … et in botros mitto sicas … 
'''Pietas &amp; Religio''': … Divino pro mysterio, Theandri sacrificio. 
'''Pietas''': Hoc messilegium avitae Pietatis … 
'''Religio''': … fit in praefagium regalis dignitatis … 
'''Pietas &amp; Religio''': … prosapiae Austriacae Zelotis Eucharisticae … 

{{larger|{{sc|19. Recitativo}}}}

'''Justitia Divina''': Quicunque glorificaverit me, glorificabo eum. (Reg 2,30 ) Quoniam in me speravit, liberabo eum. (Ps 90,14) 

{{larger|{{sc|20. Aria}}}}

'''Justitia Divina''': Angelicae mentes, adeste frequentes, … veloces ite in Aulam Curiae et praepedite, et praepedite, praepedite labem … injuriae. Sceptris glorificabo, corona decorabo Zelotem meae gloriae... 

{{larger|{{sc|21. Chorus Angelorum}}}}

'''Chorus Angelorum'''': En, prompti ad mandata praestamus imperata …, in thronum levamus depressam Pietatem, 
ad sceptra vocamus defensam Veritatem … 

{{larger|{{sc|22. Aria}}}}

'''Angelus''': Ave, Deus, ave, redite, ave, Deus recondite sub panis velamento, … ave, ave, Emanuel abscondite in tanto, tanto Sacramento... Fit homo consanguineus (quod Angelo negatur) tibique concorporeus, in Deum transformatur, … 

{{larger|{{sc|23. Recitativo}}}}

'''Tenore''': Proh! Quae aeris inclementia subitos noctis inducit moerores? Quam densa nubes 
Augustos inumbrat fulgores! Infesta caligo diem nobis eripit serenam. 

{{larger|{{sc|24. Aria}}}}

'''Tenore''': Veni, Auster lux perennis, … subi Polum cito pennis; noctem elimina, orbem illumina … Jam Zephyris fecundis pelluntur nubila, tot radiis jucundis, jucundis applaudant, … jubila 

{{larger|{{sc|25. Recitativo}}}}

'''Sapientia Divina''': Per me Reges regnant, per me principes imperant. (Prov 8,15.16) 
'''Providentia''': Omnes viae tuae paratae sunt et tua judicia in Providentia posuisti. (Judith 9,5) 

{{larger|{{sc|26. Aria}}}}

'''Sapientia''': Exurge ... Providentia, fac nostra de sententia... Sepone ... sceptrum regium pignus haereditarium Habspurgicae propagini, Venceslaiano sanguini. 

{{larger|{{sc|27. Recitativo}}}}

'''Providentia''': Corona Gloriae in manu Domini, (Is 62,3) haereditabunt earn electi mei. (Is 65,9) 

{{larger|{{sc|28. Aria}}}}

'''Providentia''': Hue, coeli Principes, Divum municipes, festinate, sceptrum cum diademate Austriaco de stemmate Augustis nepotibus piisque zelotibus asservate. 

{{larger|{{sc|29. Aria}}}}

'''Alto''': Reviresce, effloresce, pads olea, ne sit infestus Bellonas aestus, expande folia. Felicibus auspiciis perfruere deliciis, felix Bohemia, sub umbris delitesce, his regibus quiesce, dies tranquilitatis tuae fidelitatis larga sunt praemia. 

{{larger|{{sc|30. Recitativo}}}}

'''Musicus''': Aptate tympana, fides et organa, hilares plausibus tubas adomate. Huc phonasci, huc choraulae, plectris et vocibus recreate penates aulae. 

{{larger|{{sc|31. Aria}}}}

'''Musicus''': Vive, regna, Ferdinande, sceptri haeres adorande, princeps invictissime, virtute supema protectus guberna, regum clementissime. 

{{larger|{{sc|32. Aria}}}}

'''Basso''': Nova gaudia, nova jubila intonate, decantate Pacis praeludia. Nutrita Pietate, munita aequitate gens pia gaude, Czechia, plaude, plaude inter tripudia. 

{{larger|{{sc|33. Aria}}}}

'''Soprano''': En duplo sole Czechia dies vivit serenos, annos inter hilaria Pacis adeptae plenos; Civem amor, hostem Timor trahit in obsequium, tali rege stringi lege suave est delicium. 

{{larger|{{sc|34. Recitativo}}}}

Eja! Eja votivi omnia secundent plausus! Augusta Fortitudo et Constantia paganae tyranidis subvertit monimenta. 

{{larger|{{sc|35. Aria}}}}

'''Tenore''': Exsurge Martis Gloria pro Caesaris Victoria, ad Caroli imperium, Elisabeth obsequium. 

{{larger|{{sc|36. Chorus}}}}

'''Chorus''': Vos Oriens adoret et Occidens honoret. Augusti vivite et gubernate, felices regite et triumphate, Musas dementias Pragenas fovete, Augustas gratias Augusti favete.
&lt;/poem&gt;
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/II</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>3560</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10320</id>
      <parentid>10225</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-14T08:42:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera II]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/II]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="158043" xml:space="preserve">== Wiki of functions naming contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations.

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 21:26, 29 Septembris 2020 (UTC)
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== Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric ==

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{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]]. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) 17:09, 7 Octobris 2020 (UTC)
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== Important: maintenance operation on October 27 ==

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[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; -- &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;  17:10, 21 Octobris 2020 (UTC)
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== Add Wikisource features ==

Hi all, {{ping|Alex1011}} {{ping|UV}} {{ping|The Doc}} {{ping|Dbmag9}} {{ping|OrbiliusMagister}} {{ping|Frozen Wind}} 

I know this project is very low activity right now. I have an idea for some useful content, specifically adaptations for learners. These could be:

* Parallel text editions, made from Wikisource trascriptions and translations
* Music lyric editions, with or without translations, for common classical pieces
* Accented texts, from Wikisource transcriptions
* Ørberg-style texts, using word notation and graphics

For these to be truly useful, I think it would be helpful to use Wiksource templates to ebooks to compose and export like ebooks. Would anyone like to help migrate the templates, or otherwise help, eg with anything that needs higher permissions than I currently have? 

See also, this discussion on [[:en:Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals]]

Thanks! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:24, 2 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:Update {{ping|UV}} and others. I am going to start the work of importing the templates from Wikisource that should work with little or no problem. I will produce some demonstration content to show these in user space. There are three elements that need to be done, as I see it:
:* '''Layout templates for headers, navigation and so on''' that help present content in a book-like format; should be easy and is a first step
:* '''Alternate page layouts''' that look like book layouts, eg narrow columns, serif fonts; this needs creation of a Wikimedia gadget, using WS Javascript and CSS; this is the hardest bit
:* '''Adding ebook export features''': this should be fairly easy but requires WSExport tools to accept creation requests from this project 
I will get started this weekend, meanwhile I am hoping someone from Wikibooks or elsewhere with more JS expertise than me (none) might help with the gadget creation. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 14:48, 14 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:: @[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]], perhaps you do not need to create a gadget at all. I am not entirely sure what you mean by &quot;Alternate page layouts&quot;: If you would like to offer '''readers''' the possibility to change the page layout according to personal preferences (e. g. one reader might prefer a serif font whereas a different reader might prefer a sans-serif font), then you will probably need to look into gadgets indeed. But if you just would like to offer '''editors''' the possibility to change the layout of a specific Wikibook, then there is in my view no need to use a gadget - you can probably use '''TemplateStyles''' instead, see [[mw:Help:TemplateStyles]]. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 18:14, 14 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:::Thanks, yes I think this can be aimed at editors only, which should make implementation much easier. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:35, 15 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
::::{{ping|UV}} just to let you know, I have got this working at [[Usor:JimKillock/Formulae]] and have raised a ticket to see if WSExport can be enabled for ebook export from this wiki. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 21:35, 26 Novembris 2020 (UTC)

== Administrator request ==

Hi all, I know this is likely to go unnoticed, but in case anyone editing can respond, I would like to request Administrator status for this site so I can help get Wikisource-style book layout pages implemented. This would allow users of Wikibooks to develop books that behave more like ebooks, including easier creation of navigable book contents, layouts with Serif fonts and Wikipages that feature narrow columns so that the pages preview as an ebooks.

I have some content ideas for English-Latin books that could be implemented this way. I am hoping this would attract some new users to this project. Please let me know if you approve of this request. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:44, 4 Novembris 2020 (UTC)

: I am not convinced that this is a good idea. Better first find a sufficient number of users who are sufficiently proficient in Latin and willing to contribute to this project more or less regularly. If these specific people find the technical facility you propose helpful, then go ahead. But adding a technical facility that will probably remain unused specifically here on this project, but that will probably need technical maintenance over the years to come is probably not too useful.
: An even better idea might be not to implement the technical facility you propose here on the Latin wikibooks, but instead have it integrated into the MediaWiki software/into a MediaWiki extension that will automatically be enabled on all wikibooks projects/on all Wikimedia projects. That way, it will not need to be implemented (and maintained in the years to come!) by Administrators of individual projects, but will instead be implemented and maintained by the MediaWiki developers in one central place for all Wikimedia projects where this facility is useful.
: Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 18:30, 5 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
::I, too, doubt whether this will be useful. It appears that the project has had no active contributors for a long time. I have seen no evidence that the existing pages are used or that more pages are in demand. 
::I speak from experience because I tested the possibilities of a new Latin project myself, i.e. Latin Wikivoyage, using the incubator. We had three contributors (including UV) who were willing to put in some work and knew Latin. No one else joined us, there is no sign that the pages were used, and all three of us were spending time that we would otherwise have spent on Vicipaedia. The project was recently closed, correctly I think. We all three continued to work on Vicipaedia -- which really has readers, and really has an active contributor base.
::I would not, of course, oppose administrator status for you. Far from it: I would be 100% in favour. My problem is with the project. Frankly, Wikimedia has far too many weak and unused projects, and I think this is one of them. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:54, 6 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:::Thanks both. I understand the skepticism about the project here. The issue is this. 
::: (1) The technical facility would be usful on en Wikibooks, and there is support for it, but nobody wants to implement it, because Wikibooks has been implemented rather differently.
::: (2) The content I want to contribute does not really fall in the remit of en Wikibooks, nor of Wikisource.
:::In terms of the extension idea {{ping|UV}}, that sounds sensible but isn't something I can do. If you have advice about how to request or discuss the idea let me know and will try that – it would simplify doing that here if I go ahead with that.
:::In terms of the content, {{ping|Andrew Dalby}} actually this is a lot easier than freshly writing Latin. The content I want to produce really comes in very simple forms. For instance
:::* Latin-Engish parallel texts
:::* Texts from sources with accent markers added
:::* Latin texts, Ørberg style
:::* Compilations of lyrics for classical pieces, either with or without transation
:::* Other kinds of Latin readers, that do not fall into the purview of Wikisource
:::This content mostly just needs bringing together, or persuading people who have already done it to donate it. However, without the ebook features, I am blocked from moving forward. (At least, I am not keen on starting these projects without a clear path to my desired end results.)
:::For instance, I transcribed [[:en:Jánua Linguárum Reseráta]] (the Vestibulum, that is!); (I lightly adapted the text (spellings and accents) and English translation to make it more useful, so is out of scope of Wikisource); but to produce a reasonable ebook, I had to create a print version, and then export that manually. Really, I want results much closer to [[:wikisource:la:Colloquia familiaria]], which I partly transcribed and partly implemented from prior transcriptions, to make an ebook. Currently, I cannot move forward with my ideas, as the content does not fall into Wikisource’s remit, and the facilities do not exist on EN Wikibooks.
:::In terms of community, if a few decent resources can be put together, then it may be easier to attract new users. If not, then at least i will have prodcued some useful resources that can move elsewhere if necessary in the future.
:::I think this ''could'' be a useful project for Latin teachers or tutors to share their work, for instance. There are many teachers who produce and share short Latin reading texts, whose work could be compiled here (or maybe en Wikibooks) with some encouragement.
:::I do hope tho, if I can show even with a few demonstration projects that this is a worthwile endeavour, that en Wikibooks finds a way to implement. However I have been waiting nine months without results from a proposal, so I have to conclude it is technically onerous for them at this point. And also, some of the projects above might not be suitable for an English language project. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:46, 8 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
::::Ut {{ping|UV}} et {{ping|Andrew Dalby}} dubito, ut multiplicis difficultatibus initium ''vicilibrorum'' novum haud facile sit. Praecipue &lt;u&gt;tempus&lt;/u&gt; impedimentum maius imponeret (ut illis, qui professionum suarum officiis laborant, ut mihi). Obiter item Iacobi Killock propositum ita prorsus erroneum ''non'' existimem, atque ipse ego iam prius interdum textum [[Compendium pathologiae hominis|pathologiae]] coepit, sane illius partes mutare delereque voluissem at non potuissem, simul neminem administratorem novi. --[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 13:33, 8 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:::::I '''support''' you for administrator: it is evident that you want to do good and I'm certain you will do no harm! 
:::::I am surprised by your choice of an acute accent to mark vowel length. It is occasionally done that way (e.g. to distinguish feminine ablatives from nominatives: we sometimes do that on Vicipaedia) but schoolbooks and dictionaries known to me use a macron for this purpose, and those are really the only environments in which Latin long vowels are consistently marked. But I also feel it's not worth worrying over: a student could easily learn the system, that's what matters. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:02, 8 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
::::::Thanks … on the vowel mark, there are a few of us who do this, but I agree it is not common and would not wish to force others to use it. It is as you know I am sure closer to how Latin originally marked long vowels, but mostly it is less ugly than macrons, as fonts have been designed forever with accents. 
::::::I am going to pursue the MediaWiki extension point as mentioned.  [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 21:57, 10 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:::::::Hopefully to bring this to a conclusion: {{ping|UV}} I will if granted adminship try to limit any technical contributions that need particular maintenance, and do things as simply as possible. It seems that we can avoid gadgets except for the WSExport facility. If I get admin rights I will also try to deal with {{ping|Andreas Raether}}'s deletion issues. Lastly {{ping|Andrew Dalby}} and all, I appreciate the points about needing to get a community here and the difficulty of that in practice; if I get adminship I will at the very least create some useful content here, along the lines I proposed, aimed at learners, and promote that. I am hopeful that people will see the products as easy to imitate and contribute to. Plus, many people for instance teachers have their own self-created Latin resources they could add here (that are not appropriate for Wikisource or Vicipaedia) – it may be a question of asking rather than creating. Finally, I will try to audit the project for anything that has been added that is especially useful or already complete and link that from the front page - Andrea's book for instance is not linked there but clearly the most well-developed item on this Wiki. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:43, 15 Novembris 2020 (UTC)

== Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 ==

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{{int:Hello}}.
Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 22:10, 5 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Invitation|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] ==

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[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open!
This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better.
The communities will vote on the proposals between {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} and {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors.
You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals!
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

18:09, 20 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
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== Progress with ebooks tools ==

Just to let everyone know, the ebook tools are now mostly in place, with the exception of the ebook export tool. I am discussing how this might be put to use on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268851 Phabricator]. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 22:09, 27 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:{{ping|UV}} Do you know by any chance why I can add &quot;Modules&quot; but they are not recognised (are not summoned by scripts when named)? For instance: [[Module:TOCstyle]] is not recognised, by [[Formula:TOCstyle]]? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 12:30, 28 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
:: Sorry, I do not know Lua modules well enough to help about this. Generally, as I explained above, I am not convinced of the usefulness of adding technical facilities here on la.wikibooks - no one is currently using them, and they may need maintenance in the future that no one may be able to provide here on la.wikibooks. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 19:51, 28 Novembris 2020 (UTC)

== Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist ==

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''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!''

As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article.

Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki.

This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond.

Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015.

If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks!

[[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 14:39, 30 Novembris 2020 (UTC)
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== 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th ==

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Hello all,

The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools!

You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 10:55, 7 Decembris 2020 (UTC)
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== Community Wishlist Survey 2021 ==

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[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
'''We invite all registered users to vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. You can vote from now until {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|en}} for as many different wishes as you want.'''

In the Survey, wishes for new and improved tools for experienced editors are collected. After the voting, we will do our best to grant your wishes. We will start with the most popular ones.

We, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]], are one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] teams. We create and improve editing and wiki moderation tools. What we work on is decided based on results of the Community Wishlist Survey. Once a year, you can submit wishes. After two weeks, you can vote on the ones that you're most interested in. Next, we choose wishes from the survey to work on. Some of the wishes may be granted by volunteer developers or other teams.

'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Tracking|You can view and vote all proposals here.]]'''

We are waiting for your votes. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]

00:51, 15 Decembris 2020 (UTC)
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== Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event ==

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[[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]]

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

[[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning
process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. 

''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', 15:15, 27 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC) 
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== Project Grant Open Call ==

This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.&lt;br&gt; This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.&lt;br&gt;

For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building.  We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:&lt;br&gt;

* Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal:
* [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application&lt;br&gt;
* General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants &lt;br&gt;
* [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]&lt;br&gt;

Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.&lt;br&gt;

We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!&lt;br&gt;

Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 08:00, 28 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2021 is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2021|Wiki Loves Folklore 2021]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the 1st till the 28th of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2021 submitting] them in this commons contest.

Please support us in translating the [[:c:Commons: Wiki Loves Folklore 2021|project page]] and a [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Translate?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-wikiloveslove2020&amp;language=en&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate|one-line banner message] to help us spread the word in your native language.

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 13:25, 6 Februarii 2021 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Liber novus: Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum ==

I'm compiling a book with minor Latin placenames at [[Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum]]; these are mostly found from county place name books. I've added &lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite book}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; but again the modules seem to cache any errors and take unpredictable times to clear, so it is currently non-functional, so I haven't added references yet. 

Many of the place-names will be for names without articles on en.wikipedia.org so may not qualify for 'notability' (eg, street names, woods, minor locations). However they may be useful for maps, for instance. Others will be places already noted on en.wikipedia but not yet on la.wikipedia. Some will be obvious name sets, like royal forests, churches and abbeys, that are reasonably easy to find from the medieval Latin corpus.

Over time I may add information that is already on la.wikipedia, but I'll take care that anything I find that is useful for la.wikipedia is there also. And of course, contributions are welcome! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 14:43, 6 Februarii 2021 (UTC)

== Proposal: Set two-letter project shortcuts as alias to project namespace globally ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello everyone,

I apologize for posting in English. I would like to inform everyone that I created a new global request for comment (GRFC) at Meta Wiki, which may affect your project: [[:m:Requests for comment/Set short project namespace aliases by default globally]].

In this GRFC, I propose that two-project shortcuts for project names will become a default alias for the project namespace. For instance, on all Wikipedias, WP will be an alias to the Wikipedia: namespace (and similar for other projects). Full list is available in the GRFC.

This is already the case for Wikivoyages, and many individual projects asked for this alias to be implemented. I believe this makes it easier to access the materials in the project namespace, as well as creating shortcuts like &lt;tt&gt;WP:NPOV&lt;/tt&gt;, as well as helps new projects to use this feature, without having to figure out how to request site configuration changes first.

As far as I can see, {{SITENAME}} currently does not have such an alias set. This means that such an alias will be set for you, if the GRFC is accepted by the global community.

I would like to ask all community members to participate in the request for comment at Meta-Wiki, see [[:m:Requests for comment/Set short project namespace aliases by default globally]].

Please feel free to [[:m:User talk:Martin Urbanec|ask me]] if you have any questions about this proposal.

Best regards,&lt;br /&gt;
--[[:m:User:Martin Urbanec|Martin Urbanec]] ([[:m:User talk:Martin Urbanec|talk]]) 14:12, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikifunctions logo contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Hello}}. Please help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki. Voting starts today and will be open for 2 weeks. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 01:45, 2 Martii 2021 (UTC)
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== Universal Code of Conduct – 2021 consultations ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 ===

{{int:please-translate}}

The [[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']] provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The project is currently in Phase 2, outlining clear enforcement pathways. You can read more about the whole project on its [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''project page''']].

==== Drafting Committee: Call for applications ====

The Wikimedia Foundation is recruiting volunteers to join a committee to draft how to make the code enforceable. Volunteers on the committee will commit between 2 and 6 hours per week from late April through July and again in October and November. It is important that the committee be diverse and inclusive, and have a range of experiences, including both experienced users and newcomers, and those who have received or responded to, as well as those who have been falsely accused of harassment.

To apply and learn more about the process, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee]].

==== 2021 community consultations: Notice and call for volunteers / translators ====

From 5 April – 5 May 2021 there will be conversations on many Wikimedia projects about how to enforce the UCoC. We are looking for volunteers to translate key material, as well as to help host consultations on their own languages or projects using suggested [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|key questions]]. If you are interested in volunteering for either of these roles, please [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|contact us]] in whatever language you are most comfortable.

To learn more about this work and other conversations taking place, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations]].

-- [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) 21:45, 5 Aprilis 2021 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Line numbering coming soon to all wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

[[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]]
From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. 

More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 15:08, 12 Aprilis 2021 (UTC)
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== Suggested Values ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones.

More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]].

&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] 14:08, 22 Aprilis 2021 (UTC)
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== Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 ==

&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 1, June 2021'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|Read the full newsletter]]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the first issue of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct News]]! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code, and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC.

Please note, this is the first issue of UCoC Newsletter which is delivered to all subscribers and projects as an announcement of the initiative. If you want the future issues delivered to your talk page, village pumps, or any specific pages you find appropriate, you need to [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|subscribe here]].

You can help us by translating the newsletter issues in your languages to spread the news and create awareness of the new conduct to keep our beloved community safe for all of us. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|add your name here]] if you want to be informed of the draft issue to translate beforehand. Your participation is valued and appreciated.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;
* '''Affiliate consultations''' – Wikimedia affiliates of all sizes and types were invited to participate in the UCoC affiliate consultation throughout March and April 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|continue reading]])
* '''2021 key consultations''' – The Wikimedia Foundation held enforcement key questions consultations in April and May 2021 to request input about UCoC enforcement from the broader Wikimedia community. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|continue reading]])
* '''Roundtable discussions''' – The UCoC facilitation team hosted two 90-minute-long public roundtable discussions in May 2021 to discuss UCoC key enforcement questions. More conversations are scheduled. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|continue reading]])
* '''Phase 2 drafting committee''' – The drafting committee for the phase 2 of the UCoC started their work on 12 May 2021. Read more about their work. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|continue reading]])
* '''Diff blogs''' – The UCoC facilitators wrote several blog posts based on interesting findings and insights from each community during local project consultation that took place in the 1st quarter of 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 23:05, 11 Iunii 2021 (UTC)
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== Wikimania 2021: Individual Program Submissions ==

[[File:Wikimania logo with text 2.svg|right|200px]]
Dear all,

Wikimania 2021 will be [[:wikimania:2021:Save the date and the Core Organizing Team|hosted virtually]] for the first time in the event's 15-year history. Since there is no in-person host, the event is being organized by a diverse group of Wikimedia volunteers that form the [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers|Core Organizing Team]] (COT) for Wikimania 2021.

'''Event Program''' - Individuals or a group of individuals can submit their session proposals to be a part of the program. There will be translation support for sessions provided in a number of languages. See more information [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines#Language Accessibility|here]].

Below are some links to guide you through;
* [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions|Program Submissions]]
* [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines|Session Submission Guidelines]]
* [[:wikimania:2021:FAQ|FAQ]]

Please note that the deadline for submission is 18th June 2021. 

'''Announcements'''- To keep up to date with the developments around Wikimania, the COT sends out weekly updates. You can view them in the Announcement section [[:wikimania:2021:Announcements|here]]. 

'''Office Hour''' - If you are left with questions, the COT will be hosting some office hours (in multiple languages), in multiple time-zones, to answer any programming questions that you might have.  Details can be found [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers#Office hours schedule|here.]]

Best regards,

[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 04:18, 16 Iunii 2021 (UTC)

On behalf of Wikimania 2021 Core Organizing Team
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== Editing news 2021 #2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2021/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:Reply Tool A-B test comment completion.png|alt=Junior contributors comment completion rate across all participating Wikipedias|thumb|296x296px|When newcomers had the Reply tool and tried to post on a talk page, they were more successful at posting a comment. ([https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ Source])]]

Earlier this year, the Editing team ran a large study of [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply Tool]].  The main goal was to find out whether the Reply Tool helped [[mw:Talk pages project/Glossary|newer editors]] communicate on wiki.  The second goal was to see whether the comments that newer editors made using the tool needed to be reverted more frequently than comments newer editors made with the existing wikitext page editor.

The key results were:

* Newer editors who had automatic (&quot;default on&quot;) access to the Reply tool were [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ more likely] to post a comment on a talk page.
* The comments that newer editors made with the Reply Tool were also [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ less likely] to be reverted than the comments that newer editors made with page editing.

These results give the Editing team confidence that the tool is helpful.

&lt;strong&gt;Looking ahead&lt;/strong&gt;

The team is planning to make the Reply tool available to everyone as an opt-out preference in the coming months.  This has already happened at the Arabic, Czech, and Hungarian Wikipedias.

The next step is to [[phab:T280599|resolve a technical challenge]]. Then, they will deploy the Reply tool first to the [[phab:T267379|Wikipedias that participated in the study]].  After that, they will deploy it, in stages, to the other Wikipedias and all WMF-hosted wikis.

You can turn on &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|in Beta Features]] now.  After you get the Reply tool, you can change your preferences at any time in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].

–[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 14:14, 24 Iunii 2021 (UTC)
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== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. &lt;!--

 They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --&gt;

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST,  23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of June 28.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 01:19, 27 Iunii 2021 (UTC)
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== Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Movement Strategy announces [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]. The Call opens August 2, 2021 and closes September 1, 2021.

The Committee is expected to represent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversity in the Movement]]. Diversity includes gender, language, geography, and experience. This comprises participation in projects, affiliates, and the Wikimedia Foundation.

English fluency is not required to become a member. If needed, translation and interpretation support is provided. Members will receive an allowance to offset participation costs. It is US$100 every two months.

We are looking for people who have some of the following [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|skills]]:

* Know how to write collaboratively. (demonstrated experience is a plus) 
* Are ready to find compromises. 
* Focus on inclusion and diversity. 
* Have knowledge of community consultations. 
* Have intercultural communication experience. 
* Have governance or organization experience in non-profits or communities. 
* Have experience negotiating with different parties. 

The Committee is expected to start with 15 people. If there are 20 or more candidates, a mixed election and selection process will happen. If there are 19 or fewer candidates, then the process of selection without election takes place.

Will you help move Wikimedia forward in this important role? Submit your candidacy [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_Statements|here]]. Please contact strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with questions.

&lt;/div&gt;
[[Usor:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Xeno (WMF)|disputatio]]) 00:12, 3 Augusti 2021 (UTC)
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== Universal Code of Conduct - Enforcement draft guidelines review ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 drafting committee]] would like comments about the '''[[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines]]''' for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC). This review period is planned for 17 August 2021 through 17 October 2021.

These guidelines are not final but you can help move the progress forward. The committee will revise the guidelines based upon community input.

Comments can be shared in any language on the [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|draft review talk page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Discussions|multiple other venues]]. Community members are encouraged to organize conversations in their communities.

There are planned live discussions about the UCoC enforcement draft guidelines: 

:[[wmania:2021:Submissions/Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Roundtable|Wikimania 2021 session]] (recorded 16 August)
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions#Conversation hours|Conversation hours]] - 24 August, 31 August, 7 September @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 14:00 UTC
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|Roundtable calls]] - 18 September @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 15:00 UTC

Summaries of discussions will be posted every two weeks [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|here]].

Please let me know if you have any questions.&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:09, 17 Augusti 2021 (UTC)
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== Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election has come to an end ==

Thank you for participating in the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021|2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]! Voting closed August 31 at 23:59. The official data, including the four most voted candidates, will be announced as soon as the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] completes their review of the ballots. The official announcement of the new trustees appointed will happen later, once the selected candidates have been confirmed by the Board.

6,946 community members from 216 wiki projects have voted. This makes 10.2% global participation, 1.1% higher than in the last Board elections. In 2017, 5167 people from 202 wiki projects cast their vote. A full analysis is planned to be published in a few days when the confirmed results are announced. In the meantime, you can check the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Stats|data produced during the election]].

Diversity was an important goal with these elections. Messages about the Board election were translated into 61 languages. This outreach worked well. There were 70 communities with eligible voters voting in this election for the first time. With your help, next year’s Board of Trustees election will be even better.

21:00, 1 Septembris 2021 (UTC)
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== The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello everyone,

We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well.

Summary:

&lt;div style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;
We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]].
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year ===

In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published.

However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]].

We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist.

=== Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities ===

We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes.

=== A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet ===

We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe.

We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon!

=== Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase ===

If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes!

=== Feedback ===
* What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages?
* How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]]
* What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022?
* What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022?

Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings.
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 00:23, 7 Septembris 2021 (UTC)
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== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 00:45, 11 Septembris 2021 (UTC)
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== Talk to the Community Tech ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]]

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

Hello!

As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join'''].

'''Agenda'''

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022
* Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes
* Questions and answers

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting.

'''Invitation link'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online]
* Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390
* One tap mobile
** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York)
** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose)
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location]

See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 03:03, 11 Septembris 2021 (UTC)
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==ALPES Ancient Language Promotion, Education and Support==
Apud meta, volo creare gregem novam, [[:meta:ALPES Ancient Language Promotion, Education and Support|ALPES, sive ''Ancient Language Promotion, Education and Support'']], ad usores et scriptores omnibus linguis antiquis. Quaeso, si vis, da nomen tuum in pagina! --[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:58, 17 Septembris 2021 (UTC)

== Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021|{{int:otherlanguages}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''&lt;/div&gt;
Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open. In total, 70 Wikimedians from around the world are running for 7 seats in these elections.

'''Voting is open from October 12 to October 24, 2021.'''

The committee will consist of 15 members in total: The online communities vote for 7 members, 6 members will be selected by the Wikimedia affiliates through a parallel process, and 2 members will be appointed by the Wikimedia Foundation. The plan is to assemble the committee by November 1, 2021.

Learn about each candidate to inform your vote in the language that you prefer: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates&gt;

Learn about the Drafting Committee: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee&gt;

We are piloting a voting advice application for this election. Click yourself through the tool and you will see which candidate is closest to you! Check at &lt;https://mcdc-election-compass.toolforge.org/&gt;

Read the full announcement: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

'''Go vote at SecurePoll on:''' &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

Best,

Movement Strategy &amp; Governance Team, Wikimedia Foundation
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 16:35, 13 Octobris 2021 (UTC)
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== Meet the new Movement Charter Drafting Committee members ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
The Movement Charter Drafting Committee election and selection processes are complete.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results|election results have been published]]. 1018 participants voted to elect seven members to the committee: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_Knipel_(Pharos)|Richard Knipel (Pharos)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anne_Clin_(Risker)|Anne Clin (Risker)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Alice_Wiegand_(lyzzy)|Alice Wiegand (Lyzzy)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Micha%C5%82_Buczy%C5%84ski_(Aegis_Maelstrom)|Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_(Nosebagbear)|Richard (Nosebagbear)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ravan_J_Al-Taie_(Ravan)|Ravan J Al-Taie (Ravan)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ciell_(Ciell)|Ciell (Ciell)]]'''.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Affiliate-chosen_members|affiliate process]] has selected six members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anass_Sedrati_(Anass_Sedrati)|Anass Sedrati (Anass Sedrati)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#%C3%89rica_Azzellini_(EricaAzzellini)|Érica Azzellini (EricaAzzellini)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Jamie_Li-Yun_Lin_(Li-Yun_Lin)|Jamie Li-Yun Lin (Li-Yun Lin)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Georges_Fodouop_(Geugeor)|Georges Fodouop (Geugeor)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Manavpreet_Kaur_(Manavpreet_Kaur)|Manavpreet Kaur (Manavpreet Kaur)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Pepe_Flores_(Padaguan)|Pepe Flores (Padaguan)]]'''.
* The Wikimedia Foundation has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Wikimedia_Foundation-chosen_members|appointed]] two members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Runa_Bhattacharjee_(Runab_WMF)|Runa Bhattacharjee (Runab WMF)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Jorge_Vargas_(JVargas_(WMF))|Jorge Vargas (JVargas (WMF))]]'''.

The committee will convene soon to start its work. The committee can appoint up to three more members to bridge diversity and expertise gaps.

If you are interested in engaging with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Movement Charter]] drafting process, follow the updates [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|on Meta]] and join the [https://t.me/joinchat/U-4hhWtndBjhzmSf Telegram group].

With thanks from the Movement Strategy and Governance team&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

15:53, 5 Novembris 2021 (UTC)
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== Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content /&gt;
:''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees is preparing a call for feedback about the upcoming Board Elections, from January 7 - February 10, 2022.

While details will be finalized the week before the call, we have confirmed at least two questions that will be asked during this call for feedback:

* What is the best way to ensure fair representation of emerging communities among the Board?

* What involvement should candidates have during the election?

While additional questions may be added, the Movement Strategy and Governance team wants to provide time for community members and affiliates to consider and prepare ideas on the confirmed questions before the call opens. We apologize for not having a complete list of questions at this time. The list of questions should only grow by one or two questions. The intention is to not overwhelm the community with requests, but provide notice and welcome feedback on these important questions.

'''Do you want to help organize local conversation during this Call?'''

Contact the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance team]] on Meta, on [https://t.me/wmboardgovernancechat Telegram], or via email at msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org.

Reach out if you have any questions or concerns. The Movement Strategy and Governance team will be minimally staffed until January 3. Please excuse any delayed response during this time. We also recognize some community members and affiliates are offline during the December holidays. We apologize if our message has reached you while you are on holiday.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:thank-you}} [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 17:41, 27 Decembris 2021 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 13:15, 9 Ianuarii 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:18, 15 Ianuarii 2022 (UTC)
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== Subscribe to the This Month in Education newsletter - learn from others and share your stories ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Dear community members, 

Greetings from the EWOC Newsletter team and the education team at Wikimedia Foundation. We are very excited to share that we on tenth years of Education Newsletter ([[m:Education/News|This Month in Education]]) invite you to join us by [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|subscribing to the newsletter on your talk page]] or by [[m:Education/News/Newsroom|sharing your activities in the upcoming newsletters]]. The Wikimedia Education newsletter is a monthly newsletter that collects articles written by community members using Wikimedia projects in education around the world, and it is published by the EWOC Newsletter team in collaboration with the Education team. These stories can bring you new ideas to try, valuable insights about the success and challenges of our community members in running education programs in their context. 

If your affiliate/language project is developing its own education initiatives, please remember to take advantage of this newsletter to publish your stories with the wider movement that shares your passion for education. You can submit newsletter articles in your own language or submit bilingual articles for the education newsletter. For the month of January the deadline to submit articles is on the 20th January. We look forward to reading your stories.

Older versions of this newsletter can be found in the [[outreach:Education/Newsletter/Archives|complete archive]].

More information about the newsletter can be found at [[m:Education/News/Publication Guidelines|Education/Newsletter/About]].

For more information, please contact spatnaik{{@}}wikimedia.org.
------
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[User:ZI Jony|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#8B0000&quot;&gt;'''ZI Jony'''&lt;/span&gt;]] [[User talk:ZI Jony|&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Green&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(Talk)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;]], {{&lt;includeonly&gt;subst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#time:l G:i, d F Y|}} (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:51, 29 Ianuarii 2022 (UTC)
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=== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ===
	
Hello, I have an update on the vote on the enforcement guidelines that was mentioned above. [[Usor:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Xeno (WMF)|disputatio]]) 01:53, 4 Februarii 2022 (UTC)
----
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello everyone,

The '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]''' were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] across the movement. Comments about the guidelines can be shared here or [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|the Meta-wiki talk page]].

There will be conversations on Zoom on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the UCoC project team and drafting committee members to discuss the guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Thank you to everyone who has participated so far.

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

==Administrator request==
Hi all, I am going to request administrator status again. The main issue is to keep the front page updated, and encourage some new books / projects. Please let me know if you support my request. --[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 12:33, 2 Februarii 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:13, 9 Februarii 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 04:50, 22 Februarii 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:38, 28 Februarii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:17, 2 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:52, 8 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:31, 10 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 14:40, 14 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:20, 18 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:53, 30 Martii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:45, 22 Aprilis 2022 (UTC)
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:13, 29 Aprilis 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Editing news 2022 #1&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Maii 2022 (UTC)
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== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
10:39, 10 Maii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:56, 3 Iunii 2022 (UTC)
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== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 16:12, 4 Iulii 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) 11:34, 14 Iulii 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:37, 18 Iulii 2022 (UTC)
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== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 14:03, 27 Iulii 2022 (UTC)
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== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 21:01, 27 Iulii 2022 (UTC)
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== Bot policy ==

Hello. To facilitate [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|steward]] granting of bot access, I suggest implementing the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|standard bot policy]] on this wiki. In particular, this policy allows stewards to automatically flag known interlanguage linking bots (if this page says that is acceptable) or bots that fix double redirects. The policy also enables [[m:Bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] on this wiki (if this page says that is acceptable), which are trusted bots that will be given bot access on every wiki that allows global bots.

This policy makes bot access requesting much easier for local users, operators, and stewards. To implement it we only need to create a redirect to this page from [[Project:Bot policy]], and add a line at the top noting that it is used here. If you use or prefer to use a dedicated project page for handling bot flag requests, that is also acceptable. Please read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|the text at Meta-Wiki]] before commenting. If you object, please say so; I hope to implement in two weeks if there is no objection, since it is particularly written to streamline bot requests on wikis with little or no community interested in bot access requests. Thank you for your consideration. --'''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' 00:43, 31 Iulii 2022 (UTC)

== The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote:

* Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics.
* Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]]

If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23708360 --&gt;

== Invitation to join the Movement Strategy Forum ==

:''{{More languages}}''
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
Hello everyone,

The [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Movement Strategy Forum] (MS Forum) is a multilingual collaborative space for all conversations about Movement Strategy implementation. 

We are inviting all Movement participants to collaborate on the MS Forum. The goal of the forum is to build community collaboration, using an inclusive multilingual platform.

The [[m:Movement Strategy|Movement Strategy]] is a collaborative effort to imagine and build the future of the Wikimedia Movement. Anyone can contribute to the Movement Strategy, from a comment to a full-time project.

;Join this forum with your Wikimedia account, engage in conversations, and ask questions in your language.

The Movement Strategy and Governance team (MSG) launched the proposal for the MS Forum in May 2022. There was a 2-month community review period, which ended on 24 July 2022. The community review process included several questions that resulted in interesting conversations. You can read the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/ms-forum-community-review-report/1436 Community Review Report]. 

We look forward to seeing you at the MS Forum! 

Best regards,

the Movement Strategy and Governance Team

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 11:31, 29 Augusti 2022 (UTC)
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== The Vector 2022 skin as the default in two weeks? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimania 2022 Vector (2022) Presentation.pdf|thumb|The slides for our presentation at Wikimania 2022|page=26]]
Hello. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. '''In two weeks, we would like to make the Vector 2022 skin the default on this wiki.'''

We have been working on it for the past three years. So far, it has been the default on more than 30 wikis, including sister projects, all accounting for more than 1 billion pageviews per month. On average [[phab:T317529#8246686|87% of active logged-in users]] of those wikis use Vector 2022.

It would become the default for all logged-out users, and also all logged-in users who currently use Vector legacy. Logged-in users can at any time switch to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|any other skins]]. No changes are expected for users of these skins.

&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;Top of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 top.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 top.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;A section of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 scrolled.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
=== About the skin ===

'''[Why is a change necessary]''' The current default skin meets the needs of the readers and editors as these were 13 years ago. Since then, new users have begun using Wikimedia projects. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/08/18/prioritizing-equity-within-wikipedias-new-desktop/ The old Vector doesn't meet their needs.]

'''[Objective]''' The objective for the new skin is to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. It draws inspiration from previous requests, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], and gadgets and scripts. The work helped our code follow the standards and improve all other skins. [[phab:phame/post/view/290/how_and_why_we_moved_our_skins_to_mustache/|We reduced PHP code in Wikimedia deployed skins by 75%]]. The project has also focused on making it easier to support gadgets and use APIs.

'''[Changes and test results]''' The skin introduces a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features|series of changes]] that improve readability and usability. The new skin does not remove any functionality currently available on the Vector skin.

* The sticky header makes it easier to find tools that editors use often. It decreases scrolling to the top of the page by 16%.
* The new table of contents makes it easier to navigate to different sections. Readers and editors jumped to different sections of the page 50% more than with the old table of contents. It also looks a bit different on talk pages.
* The new search bar is easier to find and makes it easier to find the correct search result from the list. This increased the amount of searches started by 30% on the wikis we tested on.
* The skin does not negatively affect pageviews, edit rates, or account creation. There is evidence of increases in pageviews and account creation across partner communities.

'''[Try it out]''' Try out the new skin by going to the appearance tab in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]] and selecting Vector 2022 from the list of skins.

=== How can editors change and customize this skin? ===

It's possible to configure and personalize our changes. We support volunteers who create new gadgets and user scripts. Check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Repository|our repository]] for a list of currently available customizations, or add your own. 

=== Our plan ===

'''If no large concerns are raised, we plan on deploying in the week of October 3, 2022'''. If your community would like to request more time to discuss the changes, hit the button and write to us. We can adjust the calendar.

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;[[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks mw-ui-button&quot;&gt;Request for more time to discuss the change&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;
If you'd like ask our team anything, if you have questions, concerns, or additional thoughts, please ping me here or write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|talk page of the project]]. We will gladly answer! Also, [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions|see our FAQ]]. Thank you! [[mw:User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 04:14, 22 Septembris 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Invitation to attend “Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter” Sessions ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Announcement/Ask Me Anything Sessions}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]
Hello all, 

During the 2022 Wikimedia Summit, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Movement Charter Drafting Committee]] (MCDC) presented the first outline of the Movement Charter, giving a glimpse on the direction of its future work, and the Charter itself. The MCDC then integrated the initial feedback collected during the Summit. Before proceeding with writing the Charter for the whole Movement, the MCDC wants to interact with community members and gather feedback on the drafts of the three sections: Preamble, Values &amp; Principles, and Roles &amp; Responsibilities (intentions statement). The Movement Charter drafts will be available on the Meta page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content|here]] on November 14, 2022. Community wide consultation period on MC will take place from November 20 to December 18, 2022. Learn more about it [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|here]]. 

With the goal of ensuring that people are well informed to fully participate in the conversations and are empowered to contribute their perspective on the Movement Charter, three '''“Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter&quot;''' sessions have been scheduled in different time zones. Everyone in the Wikimedia Movement is invited to attend these conversations. The aim is to learn about Movement Charter - its goal, purpose, why it matters, and how it impacts your community. MCDC members will attend these sessions to answer your questions and hear community feedback.     

The “Ask Me Anything” sessions accommodate communities from different time zones. Only the presentation of the session is recorded and shared afterwards, no recording of conversations. Below is the list of planned events: 

*&lt;s&gt;'''Asia/Pacific''': November 4, 2022 at 09:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1667552400 your local time]). Interpretation is available in Chinese and Japanese.&lt;/s&gt;
* '''Europe/MENA/Sub Saharan Africa''': November 12, 2022 at 15:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1668265257 your local time]). Interpretation is available in  Arabic, French and Russian.  
* '''North and South America/ Western Europe''': November 12, 2022 at 15:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1668265257 your local time]). Interpretation is available in Spanish and Portuguese. 

On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|Meta page]] you will find more details; Zoom links will be shared 48 hours ahead of the call.

'''Call for Movement Charter Ambassadors'''

Individuals or groups from all communities who wish to help include and start conversations in their communities on the Movement Charter are encouraged to become [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|Movement Charter Ambassadors]] (MC Ambassadors). MC Ambassadors will carry out their own activities and get financial support for enabling conversations in their own languages. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|Regional facilitators]] from the Movement Strategy and Governance team are available to support applicants with MC Ambassadors grantmaking. If you are interested please sign up [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|here]]. Should you have specific questions, please reach out to the MSG team via email: strategy2030@wikimedia.org or on the MS forum. 

We thank you for your time and participation. 

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 15:33, 7 Novembris 2022 (UTC)
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== Apply for Funding through the Movement Strategy Community Engagement Package to Support Your Community ==

:''{{More languages}}''
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
The Wikimedia Movement Strategy implementation is a collaborative effort for all Wikimedians. 
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About|Movement Strategy Implementation Grants]] support projects that take the current state of a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy Initiative]] and push it one step forward. If you are looking for an example or some guide on how to engage your community further on Movement Strategy and the Movement Strategy Implementation Grants specifically, you may find this '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/Community Engagement Package|community engagement package]]''' helpful.

The goal of this community engagement package is to support more people to access the funding they might need for the implementation work. By becoming a recipient of this grant, you will be able to support other community members to develop further grant applications that fit with your local contexts to benefit your own communities. With this package, the hope is to break down language barriers and to ensure community members have needed information on Movement Strategy to connect with each other. Movement Strategy is a two-way exchange, we can always learn more from the experiences and knowledge of Wikimedians everywhere. We can train and support our peers by using this package, so more people can make use of this great funding opportunity.

If this information interests you or if you have any further thoughts or questions, please do not hesitate to reach out to us as your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Team|regional facilitators]] to discuss further. We will be more than happy to support you. When you are ready, follow the steps on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About |this page]] to apply. We look forward to receiving your application.

Best regards, &lt;br&gt; Movement Strategy and Governance Team &lt;br&gt; Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 16:25, 14 Novembris 2022 (UTC)
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== Opportunities open for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;&quot;&gt;
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']]

''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Announcement/2023 OC and CRC appointments process}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt;''
&lt;/div&gt;

Hi everyone! The Ombuds commission (OC) and the Case Review Committee (CRC) are looking for members. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to do so. There is more information below about the opportunity and the skills that are needed.

'''About the Ombuds commission'''

The Ombuds commission (OC) works on all Wikimedia projects to investigate complaints about violations of the privacy policy, especially in use of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CheckUser policy|CheckUser]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|Oversight]] (also known as Suppression) tools. The Commission mediates between the parties of the investigation and, when violations of the policies are identified, advises the Wikimedia Foundation on best handling. They may also assist the General Counsel, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Board of Trustees of the Foundation in these investigations when legally necessary. For more on the OC's duties and roles, '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|see Ombuds commission on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Volunteers serving in this role should be experienced Wikimedians, active on any project, who have previously used the CheckUser/Oversight tools OR who have the technical ability to understand these tools and the willingness to learn them. They must be able to communicate in English, the common language of the commission. They are expected to be able to engage neutrally in investigating these concerns and to know when to recuse when other roles and relationships may cause conflict. Commissioners will serve '''two-year terms''' (note that this is different from past years, when the terms have been for one year).

'''About the Case Review Committee'''

The Case Review Committee (CRC) reviews appeals of eligible Trust &amp; Safety office actions. The CRC is a critical layer of oversight to ensure that Wikimedia Foundation office actions are fair and unbiased. They also make sure the Wikimedia Foundation doesn’t overstep established practices or boundaries. For more about the role, '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Case Review Committee|see Case Review Committee on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

We are looking for current or former functionaries and experienced volunteers with an interest in joining this group. Applicants must be fluent in English (additional languages are a strong plus) and willing to abide by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee/Charter|terms of the Committee charter]]. If the work resonates and you qualify, please apply. Committee members will serve '''two-year terms''' (note that this is different from past years, when the terms have been for one year).

'''Applying to join either of these groups'''

Members are required to sign the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information|Confidentiality agreement for nonpublic information]] and must be willing to comply with the appropriate Wikimedia Foundation board policies (such as the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Access to nonpublic information policy|access to non-public information policy]] and the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Privacy policy|Foundation privacy policy]]). These positions requires a high degree of discretion and trust. Members must also be over 18 years of age.

'''If you are interested in serving in either capacity listed above,''' please write in English to the Trust and Safety team at ca[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org (to apply to the OC) or to the Legal Team at legal[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org (to apply to the CRC) with information about:

* Your primary projects
* Languages you speak/write
* Any experience you have serving on committees, whether movement or non-movement
* Your thoughts on what you could bring to the OC or CRC if appointed
* Any experience you have with the Checkuser or Oversight tools (OC only)
* Any other information you think is relevant

'''The deadline for applications is 31 December 2022 in any timezone.'''

Please feel free to pass this invitation along to any users who you think may be qualified and interested. Thank you!

On behalf of the Committee Support team,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23914777 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Please-translate}}''

(There is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January|a translatable version of this message on MetaWiki]])

{{int:Hello}}

The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually.

We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas!

The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows:

* Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023
* Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023
* Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023
* Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023

If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023!
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:44, 15 Decembris 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Wishlist_list_for_non-Wikipedias&amp;oldid=24239678 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ie86y1wgtnypsqkw5nn7noncmltsgmg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Medii Aevi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10246</id>
      <parentid>10245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-09T18:38:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="735" xml:space="preserve">{{NarrowColumnStart}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Titulus
|Scriptor=
|OperaeTitulus=Musica Medii Aevi
|OperaeWikiPagina=
|Annus= 2023
|SubTitulus= Musica Medii Aevii in lingua Latina
|Genera=Musica}}
{{Liber
|Ante= 
|AnteNomen= 
|Post= Requiem
|PostNomen= Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Musica Medii Aevi}}}}}}
{{c|{{sc|Musica Medii Aevii in lingua Latina}}}}

&lt;center&gt;
{|
|-
|colspan=&quot;3&quot;| {{c|{{sc|1100—1200}}}}
|-
| {{sc|Hildegardis Bingensis}} I. || [[Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit|Columba Aspexit]] || c1175
|-
| {{sc|Hildegardis Bingensis}} II. || [[Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/O ignis spiritus|O ignis spiritus]] || c1175
|-
|}
&lt;/center&gt;
{{NarrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>nkldzmi1geh8sjge20jtymu2vv5f0iz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3562</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10241</id>
      <parentid>10235</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-09T18:32:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1331" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../../
|Post= 
|PostNomen= ../
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|Columba Aspexit}}}} c. 1175}}
{{c|{{larger|{{sc|Hildegardis Bingensis}}}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;
Columba aspexit
per cancellos fenestrae
ubi ante faciem eius
sudando sudavit balsamum
de lucido Maximino.
 
Calor solis exarsit
et in tenebras resplenduit
unde gemma surrexit
in edificatione templi
purissimi cordis benivoli.
 
Iste turris excelsa,
de ligno Libani et cipresso facta,
iacincto et sardio ornata est,
urbs precellens artes
aliorum artificum.
 
Ipse velox cervus cucurrit
ad fontem purissime aque
fluentis de fortissimo lapide
qui dulcia aromata irrigavit.
 
O pigmentari
qui estis in suavissima viriditate
hortorum regis,
ascendentes in altum
quando sanctum sacrificium
in arietibus perfecistis.
 
Inter vos fulget hic artifex,
paries templi,
qui desideravit alas aquile
osculando nutricem Sapientiam
in gloriosa fecunditate Ecclesie.
 
O Maximine,
mons et vallis es,
et in utroque alta edificatio appares,
ubi capricornus cum elephante exivit,
et Sapientia in deliciis fuit.
 
Tu es fortis
et suavis in cerimoniis
et in choruscatiane altaris,
ascendens ut fumus aromatum
ad columpnam laudis.
 
Ubi intercedis pro populo
qui tendit ad speculum lucis,
cui laus est in altis.
&lt;/poem&gt;
{{narrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>p8t0zu1emp155ut842rk19b9dplfy0l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Classica/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3563</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit" />
    <revision>
      <id>10236</id>
      <timestamp>2023-03-09T18:27:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Classica/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit]] ad [[Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/Columba Aspexit]]</text>
      <sha1>c3l51162gvmei5b2amukyk5o4ss6xz3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Medii Aevii</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3564</id>
    <redirect title="Musica Medii Aevi" />
    <revision>
      <id>10238</id>
      <timestamp>2023-03-09T18:28:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Musica Medii Aevii]] ad [[Musica Medii Aevi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Musica Medii Aevi]]</text>
      <sha1>397e3wn88icg3z4440ac9a5meviog1o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Musica Medii Aevi/Hildegardis Bingensis/O ignis spiritus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3565</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10244</id>
      <parentid>10243</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-09T18:37:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1245" xml:space="preserve">{{narrowColumnStart}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Liber
|Ante= Index
|AnteNomen= ../../
|Post= 
|PostNomen= ../
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{c|{{xx-larger|{{sc|O ignis Spiritus}}}} c. 1175}}
{{c|{{larger|{{sc|Hildegardis Bingensis}}}}}}

&lt;poem&gt;
1a. O ignis Spiritus paracliti,
vita vite omnis creature,
sanctus es vivificando formas.

1b. Sanctus es ungendo periculose
fractos, sanctus es tergendo
fetida vulnera.

2a. O spiraculum sanctitatis,
o ignis caritatis,
o dulcis gustus in pectoribus
et infusio cordium in bono odore virtutum.

2b. O fons purissime,
in quo consideratur
quod Deus alienos
colligit et perditos requirit.

3a. O lorica vite et spes compaginis
membrorum omnium
et o cingulum honestatis: salva beatos.

3b. Custodi eos qui carcerati sunt ab inimico,
et solve ligatos
quos divina vis salvare vult.

4a. O iter fortissimum, quod penetravit
omnia in altissimis et in terrenis
et in omnibus abyssis,
tu omnes componis et colligis.

4b. De te nubes fluunt, ether volat,
lapides humorem habent,
aque rivulos educunt,
et terra viriditatem sudat.

5a. Tu etiam semper educis doctos
per inspirationem Sapientie
letificatos.

5b. Unde laus tibi sit, qui es sonus laudis
et gaudium vite, spes et honor fortissimus,
dans premia lucis.
&lt;/poem&gt;
{{narrowColumnEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>7573ueui3p1owi8tubw2uvlsewil4gy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogenica</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3569</id>
    <redirect title="Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena" />
    <revision>
      <id>10263</id>
      <timestamp>2023-06-30T15:32:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Andreas Raether movit paginam [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogenica]] ad [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="57" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Noxa exogena]]</text>
      <sha1>3qvg18u9w1vcky35tyfy3pwqgpx911b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oculi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3570</id>
    <redirect title="Compendium pathologiae hominis/Oculi" />
    <revision>
      <id>10271</id>
      <parentid>10268</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-30T16:03:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andreas Raether</username>
        <id>1808</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>REDIRECT</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT[[Compendium pathologiae hominis/Oculi]]</text>
      <sha1>9uezcloipo68qtd5k7qqmg9heb32kd1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Linguae Silote</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3571</id>
    <redirect title="Linguae Siloticae" />
    <revision>
      <id>10298</id>
      <parentid>10297</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-10-23T03:58:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ</username>
        <id>2659</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>fixing suffix</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Linguae Siloticae]]</text>
      <sha1>oqv015fed5fuklh4cbs7istniwjcrgw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Linguae Siloticae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3572</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10300</id>
      <parentid>10299</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-10-23T04:00:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ</username>
        <id>2659</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4146" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Sylheti in Sylheti Nagari script - example.svg|centre|300px]]

Haec pagina dedicata est linguae Siloticae diviti et fascinanti, quae imprimis in regione Indiae Silot (Sylhet) et Bangladesh, UK, et in degentium communitatibus circum orbem dicta est.  Siloticae unica est lingua Indo-Aryan cum historia longa et varia.  Hoc wiki dux intendit ut studium Siloticae in altissimam praebere, ab eius notis linguisticis et progressu historico ad suum momentum culturale.  Utrum lingua es fidissima, membrum communitatis Siloticae, an tantum studium huius linguae pulcherrimae, hic liber wiki tua via est ad intelligendum et discendum Siloticae.  Adiunge nos in itinere ad inveniendas subtilitates Siloticae, unius Asiae Australis thesauros linguae absconditos.

== Siloticae Alphabetum ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:auto&quot;;
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠀ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠁ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠃ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠄ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠅ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /a/ !! /i/ !! /ʊ/!! /ɛ/!! /ɔ/
|}&lt;br&gt;


{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:auto&quot;;
|-
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি স্বরবর্ণ ꠣ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি স্বরবর্ণ ꠤ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি স্বরবর্ণ ꠥ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি স্বরবর্ণ ꠦ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি স্বরবর্ণ ꠧ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /a/ !! /i/ !! /ʊ/!! /ɛ/!! /ɔ/
|}&lt;br&gt;


{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:auto&quot;;
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠇ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠈ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠉ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠊ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি চিহ্ন ꠋ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /xɔ/!! /xɔ́/!! /ɡɔ/!! /ɡɔ́/!! /ŋɔ/
|-
| [[File: সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠌ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠍ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠎ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠏ.svg|50px]] ||
|-
! /sɔ/!! /sɔ́/!! /zɔ/!! /zɔ́/!!
|-
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠐ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠑ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠒ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠓ.svg|50px]] ||
|-
! /ʈɔ/!! /ʈɔ́/!! /ɖɔ/!! /ɖɔ́/!!
|-
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠔ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠕ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠖ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠗ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠘ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /t̪ɔ/!! /t̪ɔ́/!! /d̪ɔ/!! /d̪ɔ́/!! /nɔ/
|-
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠙ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠚ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠛ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠜ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠝ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /fɔ/!! /fɔ́/!! /bɔ/!! /bɔ́/!! /mɔ/
|-
| [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠞ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠟ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠠ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠡ.svg|50px]] || [[File:সিলেটি নাগরি বর্ণ ꠢ.svg|50px]]
|-
! /ɾɔ/!! /lɔ/!! /ɽɔ/!! /ʃɔ/!! /ɦɔ/
|}</text>
      <sha1>i6mii5b2ftfk8qlo4xpak2yhm3qnyha</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/III</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>3574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10322</id>
      <parentid>10317</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-14T08:42:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera III]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/III]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="52954" xml:space="preserve">== Global ban for PlanespotterA320/RespectCE ==

Per the [[m:Global bans|Global bans]] policy, I'm informing the project of this request for comment: [[m:Requests for comment/Global ban for PlanespotterA320 (2) ]] about banning a member from your community. Thank you.--[[User:Lemonaka|Lemonaka]] ([[User talk:Lemonaka|talk]]) 21:40, 6 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Zabe@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lemonaka/Massmessagelist&amp;oldid=24501599 --&gt;

== Editing news 2023 #1 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2023/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;

This newsletter includes two key updates about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team|Editing]] team's work:

# The Editing team will finish adding new features to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]] and deploy it.
# They are beginning a new project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]].

&lt;strong&gt;Talk pages project&lt;/strong&gt;
[[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|alt=Screenshot showing the talk page design changes that are currently available as beta features at all Wikimedia wikis. These features include information about the number of people and comments within each discussion.|thumb|300px|Some of the upcoming changes]]

The Editing team is nearly finished with this first phase of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project|Talk pages project]]. Nearly all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|new features]] are available now in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature for {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]].

It will show information about how active a discussion is, such as the date of the most recent comment. There will soon be a new &quot;{{int:skin-action-addsection}}&quot; button. You will be able to turn them off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]]. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Talk_pages_project/Usability#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20230215001000-Feedback:_Proposed_Revisions_to_%22Add_topic%22_button|tell them what you think]].

[[File:Daily edit completion rates mobile talk pages.png|thumb|300px|Daily edit completion rate by test group: DiscussionTools (test group) and MobileFrontend overlay (control group)]]

An A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Mobile|{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} on the mobile site]] has finished. Editors were [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|more successful with {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]]. The Editing team is enabling these features for all editors on the mobile site.

&lt;strong&gt;New Project: Edit Check&lt;/strong&gt;

The Editing team is beginning [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|a project to help new editors of Wikipedia]]. It will help people identify some problems before they click &quot;{{int:publishchanges}}&quot;. The first tool will encourage people to add references when they add new content. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist|watch]] that page for more information. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing_team/Community_Conversations#20230303|join a conference call on 3&amp;nbsp;March&amp;nbsp;2023]] to learn more.&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

–[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 23:24, 22 Februarii 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=24611966 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-03-01|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 21:20, 27 Februarii 2023 (UTC)
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== Request for Administrator status ==

Dear all, I would like to request (temporary) administrator status to make some changes, particularly to the front page to add one or two book links for instance. I have asked for this once before and believe I managed to make some sensible changes without breaking anything! Please let me know below if you support the request, and once I have the requisite number of responses (six I believe) I will check in with Wikimedia Meta. Please respond: @[[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]] @[[Usor:UW|UW]] @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] @[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] @[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] :[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:15, 9 Martii 2023 (UTC)
:I support JimKillock's request. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:02, 11 Martii 2023 (UTC)
::I support Jim Killock's request as well. At the same time I would like to request admin. status for vicilibri as well. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 16:11, 30 Iunii 2023 (UTC)
:::Then I support the candidacy of {{Ping|Andreas Raether}} also. His work on Latin Vicipaedia is always useful. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:46, 8 Iulii 2023 (UTC)
:::I support both JimKillock's and Andreas Raether's request for admin status. [[Usor:Dr.Viktor.B|Dr.Viktor.B]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Dr.Viktor.B|disputatio]]) 17:51, 25 Iulii 2023 (UTC)
::::Thanks all, we are still lacking two votes but maybe we can have temporary permissions. I also support {{Ping|Andreas Raether}}'s request. I believe {{Ping|Dr.Viktor.B}} would also like adminship and I would also support that. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 17:12, 13 Aprilis 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimania 2023 Welcoming Program Submissions&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;[[File:Wikimedia_Singapore_Logo.svg|right|frameless]]Do you want to host an in-person or virtual session at Wikimania 2023? Maybe a hands-on workshop, a lively discussion, a fun performance, a catchy poster, or a memorable lightning talk? [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''Submissions are open until March 28''']]. The event will have dedicated hybrid blocks, so virtual submissions and pre-recorded content are also welcome. If you have any questions, please join us at an upcoming conversation on March 12 or 19, or reach out by email at wikimania@wikimedia.org or on Telegram. More information on-wiki.&lt;section end=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24390465 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-04-26T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-04-26T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-04-26|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:41, 21 Aprilis 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=24748237 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello,

As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are:

* Community members in good standing
* Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects
* Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type
* Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023
* Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations
* Confidently able to communicate in English

The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff.

The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Best regards,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 19:00, 26 Aprilis 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Selection of the U4C Building Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The next stage in the Universal Code of Conduct process is establishing a Building Committee to create the charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). The Building Committee has been selected. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read about the members and the work ahead on Meta-wiki]].&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], 04:20, 27 Maii 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Announcing the new Elections Committee members&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello there, 

We are glad to announce [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|the new members and advisors of the Elections Committee]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] assists with the design and implementation of the process to select Community- and Affiliate-Selected trustees for the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. After an open nomination process, the strongest candidates spoke with the Board and four candidates were asked to join the Elections Committee. Four other candidates were asked to participate as advisors. 

Thank you to all the community members who submitted their names for consideration. We look forward to working with the Elections Committee in the near future.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:59, 28 Iunii 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

I am pleased to share the next step in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] work. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) draft charter]] is now ready for your review. 

The [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] require a [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|Building Committee]] form to draft a charter that outlines procedures and details for a global committee to be called the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Over the past few months, the U4C Building Committee worked together as a group to discuss and draft the U4C charter. The U4C Building Committee welcomes feedback about the draft charter now through 22 September 2023. After that date, the U4C Building Committee will revise the charter as needed and a community vote will open shortly afterward.

Join the conversation during the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|conversation hours]] or on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Meta-wiki]].

Best,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, 15:35, 28 Augusti 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-09-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-09-20T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-09-20|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]]) 09:23, 15 Septembris 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;== Opportunities open for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission, and the Case Review Committee  ==&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;&quot;&gt;
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']]

''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt;''&lt;/div&gt;

Hi everyone! The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]] (AffCom), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission]] (OC), and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|Case Review Committee]] (CRC) are looking for new members. These volunteer groups provide important structural and oversight support for the community and movement. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to apply. There is more information about the roles of the groups, the skills needed, and the opportunity to apply on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''Meta-wiki page''']]. 

On behalf of the Committee Support team,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:41, 9 Octobris 2023 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review and comment on the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all, 

Please review and comment on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package from now until 29 October 2023. The selection rules package was based on older versions by the Elections Committee and will be used in the 2024 Board of Trustees selection. Providing your comments now will help them provide a smoother, better Board selection process. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|More on the Meta-wiki page]].

Best,

Katie Chan &lt;br&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:12, 17 Octobris 2023 (UTC)
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== The Vector 2022 skin as the default in two weeks? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2023-10 for sister projects|Read this in your language]] • &lt;span class=plainlinks&gt;[https://mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Reading%2FWeb%2FDesktop+Improvements%2FUpdates%2F2023-10+for+sister+projects&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{Int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt; • Please tell other users about these changes''

Hello. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. '''In two weeks, we would like to make the Vector 2022 skin the default on this wiki.'''
[[File:Desktop Improvements - how to enable globally.png|thumb|[[Special:GlobalPreferences|{{int:globalpreferences}}]]]]
'''If you prefer keeping the current skin''' select &quot;Vector legacy (2010)&quot; on [[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|the appearance tab of the global preferences]] and save the change. We encourage you to give the new skin a try, though.

Since I last came to you with this question, many things have changed. The skin is now the default on most Wikipedias, and all logos are done! We have also made some tweaks in the skin itself. Below is the text I've sent to you once, but I'm sending it again, just slightly edited, for those who haven't seen it.

If you know what this is about, jump straight to the section &quot;Our plan&quot;: 
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-left:.5em; border-left:3px dotted #a2a9b1; padding-left:.5em;&quot;&gt;
It would become the default for all logged-out users, and also all logged-in users who currently use Vector legacy as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|local]] (but not global) preference. Logged-in users can at any time switch to any other skin. No changes are expected for these skins.
&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;250&quot; heights=&quot;180&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;Top of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 top.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 top.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;250&quot; heights=&quot;180&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;A section of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 scrolled.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
=== About the skin ===
[[File:Wikimania 2022 Vector (2022) Presentation.pdf|thumb|Slides to our Wikimania 2022 presentation. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yC-ItaXDe2A You may also listen to the recording on YouTube (in English)].]]
'''[Why is a change necessary]''' When the current default skin was created, it reflected the needs of the readers and editors as these were 14 years ago. Since then, new users have begun using the Internet and Wikimedia projects in different ways. [[wmfblog:2022/08/18/prioritizing-equity-within-wikipedias-new-desktop/|The old Vector does not meet their needs]].

'''[Objective]''' The objective for the Vector 2022 skin is to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. It introduces a series of changes that aim to improve problems new and existing readers and editors were having with the old skin. It draws inspiration from previous user requests, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], and gadgets and scripts. The work helped our code follow the standards and improve all other skins. [[phab:phame/post/view/290/how_and_why_we_moved_our_skins_to_mustache/|The PHP code in the other available skins has been reduced by 75%]]. The project has also focused on making it easier to support gadgets and use APIs.
[[File:Screenshot of the Vector-2022 skin's fullscreen toggle.png|thumb]]
'''[Changes in a nutshell]''' The skin introduces changes that improve readability and usability. The new skin does not remove any functionality currently available on the Vector skin.
* The limited width and pin-able menus allow to adjust the interface to the screen size, and focus on editing or reading. Logged-in and logged-out users may use a toggle button to keep the full width, though.
* The sticky header makes it easier to find tools that editors use often. It decreases scrolling to the top of the page by 16%.
* The new table of contents makes it easier to navigate to different sections. Readers and editors jump to different sections of the page 50% more than with the old table of contents. It also looks a bit different on talk pages.
* The new search bar is easier to find and makes it easier to find the correct search result from the list. This increased the amount of searches started by 30% on the tested wikis.
* The skin does not negatively affect pageviews, edit rates, or account creation. There is evidence of increases in pageviews and account creation across partner communities.
'''[Customize this skin]''' It's possible to configure and personalize our changes. We support volunteers who create new gadgets and user scripts. Check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Repository|the repository]] for a list of currently available customizations and changes, or add your own.
&lt;/div&gt;
=== Our plan ===

'''If no large concerns are raised, we plan on deploying on 31 October'''. If you'd like to ask our team anything, if you have questions, concerns, or additional thoughts, please comment in any language. If this is the first comment to my message, make sure to ping me. We will gladly answer! Also, check out [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions|our FAQ]]. Thank you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;disputatio&lt;/span&gt;]]) 23:52, 18 Octobris 2023 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;(New) Feature on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]]: Adding geopoints via QID&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;Since September 2022, it is possible to create geopoints using a QID. Many wiki contributors have asked for this feature, but it is not being used much. Therefore, we would like to remind you about it. More information can be found on the [[M:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|project page]]. If you have any comments, please let us know on the [[M:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|talk page]]. – Best regards, the team of Technical Wishes at Wikimedia Deutschland
&lt;section end=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[M:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)|Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]] 12:31, 13 Decembris 2023 (UTC)
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== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''

Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.&lt;br&gt; 
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''

The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.

For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.&lt;br&gt;We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? ==

''Apologies for writing in English.''

The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references.

* The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here].
* Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch.
* [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]].
* Sessions will be held in January and February.
* [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.]
* Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment.

We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]]
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:07, 19 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:59, 31 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. 

A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks.

Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:23, 12 Februarii 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26160150 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:24, 5 Martii 2024 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: ''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all,

This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. 

Here are the key planned dates:

*  May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions
*  June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5]
*  June-August 2024: Campaign period
*  End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period
*  October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates
*  Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan.

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]].

Best regards,

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group)

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]19:56, 12 Martii 2024 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-03-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-03-20T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-03-20|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]], 00:01, 15 Martii 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=25636619 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>epr72nostu6aw394iqzcmanpslx1lry</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera I</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
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      <timestamp>2024-04-14T08:42:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
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      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera I]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/I]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="47" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/I]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera II</title>
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    <id>3576</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera II]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/II]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/II]]</text>
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    <title>Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera III</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>10323</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>JimKillock movit paginam [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera III]] ad [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/III]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Vicilibri:Porta communis/Vetera/III]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter/Utilia et communia verba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3579</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10418</id>
      <parentid>10417</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-29T07:38:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JimKillock</username>
        <id>2237</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>lacesso</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4267" xml:space="preserve">Utilia et communia verba

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Lingua Anglica
!Lingua Latina
!Lingua Germanica
!Typus
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |A
|-
|annoy, irk
|[[:wiktionary:en:piget#Latin|piget]] (mē, tē, etc)
|ärgern, nerven
|verbum utile
|-
|ambiguous
|[[:wiktionary:en:ambages#Latin|ambages]]
|mehrdeutig
|verbum utile
|-
|apparition, ghost
|[[:wiktionary:en:piget#idolum|idolon]] 
|Geist m
|ars magicae
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |B
|-
|ball (inflated)
|[[:wiktionary:en:follis#Latin|follis]], -is m
|Ball m
|ludi
|-
|before, in front of
|[[:wiktionary:en:coram#Latin|coram]] (adverbum aut praep)
|vor, bevor, zufor
|Verba utilia
|-
|boat, small boat
|[[:wiktionary:en:linter#Latin|linter]] -tris f
|Boot n
|peregrinatio
|-
|bind
|[[:wiktionary:en:ango#Latin|ango]]
|Schnurrbart m
|verbum utile
|-
|bodyguard, attendant
|[[:wiktionary:en:stipator#Latin|stipator]] is, m
|Leibwächter-in 
|verbum utile 
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |C
|-
|chalk
|[[:wiktionary:en:creta#Latin|crēta]] 
|Kreide f
|schola
|-
|cloak
|[[:wiktionary:en:pallium#Latin|pallium]] 
|Mantel m
|schola
|-
|come to mind; help or aid
|[[:wiktionary:en:succurro#Latin|succurrō]] 
|vorkommen
|verbum utile 
|-
|corridor
|[[:wiktionary:en:transitus#Latin|transitus]] 
|Gang m
|schola
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |D
|-
|dirty, polluted, corrupted
|[[:wiktionary:en:inquinatus#Latin|inquinatus]] -a, -um (adj)
|dreckig, beschädigt
|verbum utile 
|-
|dragon
|[[:wiktionary:en:draco#Latin|draco]] -nis, m
|Drachen m
|bestiae 
|-
|drill
|[[:wiktionary:en:terebra#Latin|terebra]] -ae, f
|bohren m
|verbum utile
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |E
|-
|emerald (colour)
|[[:wiktionary:en:smaragdinus#Latin|smaragdīnus]] (-inis, f)
|smaragdgrün
|colores
|-
|exite, provoke, attack
|[[:wiktionary:en:lacesso#Latin|lacessō]]
|provozieren, reizen
|verbum utile
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |F
|-
|feast
|[[:wiktionary:en:daps#Latin|daps]] (is, f)
|Fest n
|schola
|-
|freckle
|[[:wiktionary:en:lentigo|lentīgo]] (-inis, f)
|Sommersprosse f
|corpus
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |G
|-
|grim, savage
|[[:wiktionary:en:torvus|torvus]] adj
|grimmiger
|communis verbum
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |H
|-
|hinge, tunring point
|[[:wiktionary:en:cardo#Latin|cardō]], -inis m
|Scharnier n
|domus et supellex
|-
|hit, strike
|[[:wiktionary:en:ferio#Latin|feriō]]
|schlagen 
|verbum utile
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |K
|-
|knuckle
|[[:wiktionary:en:condylus|condylus]] (-i, m)
|Knöchel m
|corpus
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |L
|-
|leap, jump, attempt
|[[:wiktionary:en:prosilio|prosilio]] 
|springen 
|communis verbum
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |M
|-
|moist, soaked, drenched
|[[:wiktionary:en:madidus#Latin|madidus]], -a, -um (adv)
|durchnässt
|corpus
|-
|-
|moustache, whiskers
|[[:wiktionary:en:mystax|mystax]], pl mystaces (-cis, m)
|Schnurrbart m
|corpus
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |N
|-
|nostril, nose
|[[:wiktionary:en:naris#Latin|nāris]], (-is, f) pl nāres
|Nasenlöcher n, Nase f
|corpus
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |P
|-
|path, narrow path
|[[:wiktionary:en:semita#Latin|sēmita]] (-ae, f)
|Weg m, Pfad m
|peregrinatio
|-
|poltergeist
|[[:wiktionary:en:idolum#Latin|idolon]] [[:wiktionary:en:clamosum#Latin|clāmōsus]]
|Poltergeist m
|ars magicae
|-
|promise
|[[:wiktionary:en:sponsio#Latin|sponsio]] (-nis, f)
|Versprechen n
|communis verbum
|-
|provoke, challenge, attack
|[[:wiktionary:en:lacesso#Latin|lacessō]] 
|provosieren
|communis verbum
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Q
|-
|quieten, be quiet
|[[:wiktionary:en:conticeo#Latin|conticeō]] 
|beruhigen
|communis verbum
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |S 
|-
|scar
|[[:wiktionary:en:cicatrix#Latin|cicātrīx]] 
|Narbe f
|corpus
|-
|show, display
|[[:wiktionary:en:praebeo|praebeo]] 
|zeigen m
|communis verbum
|-
|slide, slip, glide (slipping)
|[[:wiktionary:en:labor#Latin|lābor]] (lābēns)
|gleiten 
|communis verbum
|-
|spell
|[[:wiktionary:en:incantamentum|incantamentum]] (-i, n)
|Zauber m
|artis magicae
|-
|stagger, totter
|[[:wiktionary:en:titubo#Latin|titubō]] 
|staffeln
|communis verbum
|-
|stare, fix, look directly
|[[:wiktionary:en:defigo#Latin|defigo]] 
|starren
|communis verbum
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#cccccc&quot; colspan=&quot;4&quot; |T 
|-
|}</text>
      <sha1>lrq61aaz20jouh83skbzwao0prn0kpp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>