Maureen Abla Amematekpor

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    <title>Maureen Abla Amematekpor</title>
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'''Maureen Abla Amematekpor''' (dem born am 1954) be retired Ghanaian diplomat den former Ghana Ambassador give Namibia den Botswana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cometoghana.tripod.com/id12.html|title=DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS|website=cometoghana.tripod.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.panapress.com/Five-foreign-envoys-present-letters-of-credence--13-561570-18-lang2-index.html|title=Five foreign envoys present letters of credence|website=www.panapress.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Nine-Ambassadors-Receive-Instruments-Of-Commission-17435|title=Nine Ambassadors Receive Instruments Of Commission|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/kungafamiljen/aktuellahandelser/2006/2006aktuellt/nyaambassadorer.5.1a3366210de661ad20800040258.html|title=Nya ambassadörer - Sveriges Kungahus|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=sv|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ein Career ==
Na Amematekpor be lecturer for Ho Polytechnic from 1979 dey go 1992. For 1984 insyd, she receive exam from de University of Education Winneba. from 1992 dey go 2001. She san Chair for Ho Polytechnic. For 2003 insyd, Amematekpor acquire degree for business management insyd; for 2004 insyd, she receive Master of Business Administration from Universität Maastricht.

From 30 July 2002 dey go 13 February 2006, na she be Ghana High Commissioner give Windhoek, Namibia, plus Commission for Gaborone, Botswana. From 13 February 2006 dey go 2009 insyd, na she be ambassador give Copenhagen, Denmark, wey at de same time dem accredit am for de four Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland den Iceland.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20160617183131/http://worldipcomgroup.com/worlddiplomaticguides/images/Section%20H.pdf. (PDF). 2001. p.&amp;nbsp;287. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-06-10.&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Namibia]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Botswana]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Denmark]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Sweden]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Finland]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Iceland]]
[[Category:University of Education, Winneba alumni]]
[[Category:Ghanaian women ambassadors]]
[[Category:Ghanaian diplomat stubs]]
[[Category:Ghanaian diplomats]]</text>
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'''Maureen Abla Amematekpor''' (dem born am 1954) be retired Ghanaian diplomat den former Ghana Ambassador give Namibia den Botswana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cometoghana.tripod.com/id12.html|title=DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS|website=cometoghana.tripod.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.panapress.com/Five-foreign-envoys-present-letters-of-credence--13-561570-18-lang2-index.html|title=Five foreign envoys present letters of credence|website=www.panapress.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Nine-Ambassadors-Receive-Instruments-Of-Commission-17435|title=Nine Ambassadors Receive Instruments Of Commission|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/kungafamiljen/aktuellahandelser/2006/2006aktuellt/nyaambassadorer.5.1a3366210de661ad20800040258.html|title=Nya ambassadörer - Sveriges Kungahus|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=sv|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ein Career ==
Na Amematekpor be lecturer for [[Ho Technical University|Ho Polytechnic]] from 1979 dey go 1992. For 1984 insyd, she receive exam from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University of Education Winneba.]] from 1992 dey go 2001. She san Chair for Ho Polytechnic. For 2003 insyd, Amematekpor acquire degree for business management insyd; for 2004 insyd, she receive Master of Business Administration from Universität Maastricht.

From 30 July 2002 dey go 13 February 2006, na she be Ghana High Commissioner give Windhoek, [[Namibia]], plus Commission for [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. From 13 February 2006 dey go 2009 insyd, na she be ambassador give Copenhagen, Denmark, wey at de same time dem accredit am for de four Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland den Iceland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ghana Missions Abroad|url=http://worldipcomgroup.com/worlddiplomaticguides/images/Section%20H.pdf|url-status=|accessdate=2016-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617183131/http://worldipcomgroup.com/worlddiplomaticguides/images/Section%20H.pdf|archivedate=2016-06-17|date=2001|pages=287}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Namibia]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Botswana]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Denmark]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Sweden]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Finland]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Iceland]]
[[Category:University of Education, Winneba alumni]]
[[Category:Ghanaian women ambassadors]]
[[Category:Ghanaian diplomat stubs]]
[[Category:Ghanaian diplomats]]</text>
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'''Maureen Abla Amematekpor''' (dem born am 1954) be retired Ghanaian diplomat den former Ghana Ambassador give Namibia den Botswana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cometoghana.tripod.com/id12.html|title=DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS|website=cometoghana.tripod.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.panapress.com/Five-foreign-envoys-present-letters-of-credence--13-561570-18-lang2-index.html|title=Five foreign envoys present letters of credence|website=www.panapress.com|access-date=2016-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Nine-Ambassadors-Receive-Instruments-Of-Commission-17435|title=Nine Ambassadors Receive Instruments Of Commission|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/kungafamiljen/aktuellahandelser/2006/2006aktuellt/nyaambassadorer.5.1a3366210de661ad20800040258.html|title=Nya ambassadörer - Sveriges Kungahus|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=sv|access-date=2020-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ein Career ==
Na Amematekpor be lecturer for [[Ho Technical University|Ho Polytechnic]] from 1979 dey go 1992. For 1984 insyd, she receive exam from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University of Education Winneba.]] from 1992 dey go 2001. She san Chair for Ho Polytechnic. For 2003 insyd, Amematekpor acquire degree for business management insyd; for 2004 insyd, she receive Master of Business Administration from Universität Maastricht.

From 30 July 2002 dey go 13 February 2006, na she be Ghana High Commissioner give Windhoek, [[Namibia]], plus Commission for [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. From 13 February 2006 dey go 2009 insyd, na she be ambassador give Copenhagen, Denmark, wey at de same time dem accredit am for de four Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland den Iceland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ghana Missions Abroad|url=http://worldipcomgroup.com/worlddiplomaticguides/images/Section%20H.pdf|url-status=|accessdate=2016-06-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617183131/http://worldipcomgroup.com/worlddiplomaticguides/images/Section%20H.pdf|archivedate=2016-06-17|date=2001|pages=287}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Namibia]]
[[Category:High Commissioners of Ghana to Botswana]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Denmark]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Sweden]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Finland]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to Iceland]]
[[Category:University of Education, Winneba alumni]]
[[Category:Ghanaian women ambassadors]]
[[Category:Ghanaian diplomats]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana]]
[[Category:High commissioners to Namibia]]
[[Category:High commissioners to Botswana]]
[[Category:Ambassadors to Norway]]
[[Category:Ambassadors to Denmark]]
[[Category:Ambassadors to Sweden]]
[[Category:Ambassadors to Finland]]
[[Category:Ambassadors to Iceland]]
[[Category:Maastricht University alumni]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mauritania</title>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

==References==</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

==References==</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

== Demographics ==
Mauritania get a population of about 4.3&amp;nbsp;million, roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast. De local population be composed of three main ethnicities: Bidhan anaa white Moors, Haratin anaa black moors, den West Africans. 30% Bidhan, 40% Haratin, den 30% odas (mostly Black Sub-Saharans). Local statistics bureau estimations dey indicate say de Bidhan dey represent around 30% of citizens. Dem dey speak Hassaniya Arabic den be primarily of Arab-Berber origin. De Haratin dey constitute roughly 35% of de population, plus chaw estimates wey dey put dem at around 40%. Dem be descendants of de original inhabitants of de Tassili n'Ajjer and Acacus Mountain sites during de Epipalaeolithic era.&lt;ref name=&quot;Anthony Appiah 2010 p. 549&quot;&gt;Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 549. {{ISBN|978-0-19-533770-9}}., Quote: &quot;Haratine. Social caste in several northwestern African countries consisting of blacks, many of whom are former slaves (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gast, M. 2000&quot;&gt;Gast, M. (2000). &quot;Harṭâni&quot;. Encyclopédie berbère – Hadrumetum – Hidjaba (in French). 22.&lt;/ref&gt; De remaining 30% of de population largely dey consist of various ethnic groups of West African descent. Among dese be de Niger-Congo-speaking [[Fula people|Halpulaar]] (Fulbe), Soninke, Bambara den Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Africa – Mauritania|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|publisher=CIA|access-date=24 Dec 2020|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034713/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Largest cities ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritania

citypopulation.de
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Region
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Nouakchott
|Nouakchott
|1,195,600
|-
|2
|Nouadhibou
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou
|118,167
|-
|3
|Kiffa
|Assaba
|60,005
|-
|4
|Néma
|Hodh Ech Chargui
|57,000
|-
|5
|Rosso
|Traza
|51,026
|-
|6
|Kaédi
|Gorgol
|45,539
|-
|7
|Zouérat
|Tiris Zemmour
|44,469
|-
|8
|Sélibaby
|Guidimaka
|26,420
|-
|9
|Atar
|Adrar
|25,190
|-
|10
|Aïoun
|Hodh El Gharbi
|22,796
|}

===Religion===
Mauritania be almost 100% Muslim, plus chaw inhabitants dey adher to de Sunni denomination.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; De Sufi orders, de Tijaniyah den de Qadiriyyah, get great influence no be insyd de country per, buh insyd [[Morocco]], Algeria, Senegal den oda neighboring countries as well. De Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott, dem found insyd 1965, dey serve de 4,500 Catholics insyd Mauritania (mostly foreign residents wey komot [[West Africa]] den Europe). Insyd 2020, na dem estimate de number of Christians insyd Mauritania at 10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South|first=Mark |last=A. Lamport|year= 2021| isbn=9781442271579| page =497|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|quote= Influences—Christian influences in Mauritanian society are limited to the approximately 10,000 foreign nationals living in the country}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Der be extreme restrictions for freedom of religion den belief insyd Mauritania; ebe one of 13 countries insyd de world wey dey punish atheism by death.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Languages===
Arabic be de official den national language of Mauritania. De local spoken variety, dem know as Hassaniya, dey contain chaw Berber words wey e significantly dey differ from de Modern Standard Arabic wey dem dey use for official communication. Pulaar, Soninke, den Wolof sanso dey serve as national languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;/&gt; Despite e no get official status, dem dey use French as an administrative language den as a medium of instruction insyd schools.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Mauritania denies banning French from parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231218101654/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Archived] 18 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, ''BBC News'', 10 Feb 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ La Mauritanie adopte une loi contestée sur les langues à l'école] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235807/https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ Archived] 9 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (Mauritania adopts contested law around languages at school), ''AfricaNews'', 27 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem sanso dey use am widely insyd de media, business, den among educated classes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|title=Mauritania: Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=27 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409103738/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|archive-date=9 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Education ===
Since 1999, all teaching insyd de first year of primary school dey insyd Modern Standard Arabic; dem introduce French insyd de second year, wey dem dey use am teach all scientific courses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |title=Education system in Mauritania |publisher=Bibl.u-szeged.hu |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092316/http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; De use of English dey increase.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|title=English is All the Rage in Mauritania – Al-Fanar Media|date=2015-08-29|work=Al-Fanar Media|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143909/https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mauritania get de University of Nouakchott den oda institutions of higher education, buh de majority of highly educated Mauritanians study outsyd de country. Na public expenditure for education be at 10.1% of 2000–2007 government expenditure.&lt;ref name=&quot;hdrstats.undp.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|title=Human Development Report 2009 – Mauritania|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org|access-date=4 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708001856/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|archive-date=8 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem rank Mauritania 126th out of 139 insyd de Global Innovation Index insyd 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

== Demographics ==
Mauritania get a population of about 4.3&amp;nbsp;million, roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast. De local population be composed of three main ethnicities: Bidhan anaa white Moors, Haratin anaa black moors, den West Africans. 30% Bidhan, 40% Haratin, den 30% odas (mostly Black Sub-Saharans). Local statistics bureau estimations dey indicate say de Bidhan dey represent around 30% of citizens. Dem dey speak Hassaniya Arabic den be primarily of Arab-Berber origin. De Haratin dey constitute roughly 35% of de population, plus chaw estimates wey dey put dem at around 40%. Dem be descendants of de original inhabitants of de Tassili n'Ajjer and Acacus Mountain sites during de Epipalaeolithic era.&lt;ref name=&quot;Anthony Appiah 2010 p. 549&quot;&gt;Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 549. {{ISBN|978-0-19-533770-9}}., Quote: &quot;Haratine. Social caste in several northwestern African countries consisting of blacks, many of whom are former slaves (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gast, M. 2000&quot;&gt;Gast, M. (2000). &quot;Harṭâni&quot;. Encyclopédie berbère – Hadrumetum – Hidjaba (in French). 22.&lt;/ref&gt; De remaining 30% of de population largely dey consist of various ethnic groups of West African descent. Among dese be de Niger-Congo-speaking [[Fula people|Halpulaar]] (Fulbe), Soninke, Bambara den Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Africa – Mauritania|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|publisher=CIA|access-date=24 Dec 2020|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034713/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Largest cities ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritania

citypopulation.de
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Region
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Nouakchott
|Nouakchott
|1,195,600
|-
|2
|Nouadhibou
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou
|118,167
|-
|3
|Kiffa
|Assaba
|60,005
|-
|4
|Néma
|Hodh Ech Chargui
|57,000
|-
|5
|Rosso
|Traza
|51,026
|-
|6
|Kaédi
|Gorgol
|45,539
|-
|7
|Zouérat
|Tiris Zemmour
|44,469
|-
|8
|Sélibaby
|Guidimaka
|26,420
|-
|9
|Atar
|Adrar
|25,190
|-
|10
|Aïoun
|Hodh El Gharbi
|22,796
|}

===Religion===
Mauritania be almost 100% Muslim, plus chaw inhabitants dey adher to de Sunni denomination.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; De Sufi orders, de Tijaniyah den de Qadiriyyah, get great influence no be insyd de country per, buh insyd [[Morocco]], Algeria, Senegal den oda neighboring countries as well. De Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott, dem found insyd 1965, dey serve de 4,500 Catholics insyd Mauritania (mostly foreign residents wey komot [[West Africa]] den Europe). Insyd 2020, na dem estimate de number of Christians insyd Mauritania at 10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South|first=Mark |last=A. Lamport|year= 2021| isbn=9781442271579| page =497|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|quote= Influences—Christian influences in Mauritanian society are limited to the approximately 10,000 foreign nationals living in the country}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Der be extreme restrictions for freedom of religion den belief insyd Mauritania; ebe one of 13 countries insyd de world wey dey punish atheism by death.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Languages===
Arabic be de official den national language of Mauritania. De local spoken variety, dem know as Hassaniya, dey contain chaw Berber words wey e significantly dey differ from de Modern Standard Arabic wey dem dey use for official communication. Pulaar, Soninke, den Wolof sanso dey serve as national languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;/&gt; Despite e no get official status, dem dey use French as an administrative language den as a medium of instruction insyd schools.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Mauritania denies banning French from parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231218101654/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Archived] 18 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, ''BBC News'', 10 Feb 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ La Mauritanie adopte une loi contestée sur les langues à l'école] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235807/https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ Archived] 9 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (Mauritania adopts contested law around languages at school), ''AfricaNews'', 27 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem sanso dey use am widely insyd de media, business, den among educated classes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|title=Mauritania: Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=27 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409103738/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|archive-date=9 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Education ===
Since 1999, all teaching insyd de first year of primary school dey insyd Modern Standard Arabic; dem introduce French insyd de second year, wey dem dey use am teach all scientific courses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |title=Education system in Mauritania |publisher=Bibl.u-szeged.hu |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092316/http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; De use of English dey increase.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|title=English is All the Rage in Mauritania – Al-Fanar Media|date=2015-08-29|work=Al-Fanar Media|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143909/https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mauritania get de University of Nouakchott den oda institutions of higher education, buh de majority of highly educated Mauritanians study outsyd de country. Na public expenditure for education be at 10.1% of 2000–2007 government expenditure.&lt;ref name=&quot;hdrstats.undp.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|title=Human Development Report 2009 – Mauritania|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org|access-date=4 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708001856/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|archive-date=8 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem rank Mauritania 126th out of 139 insyd de Global Innovation Index insyd 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Read further ==

* {{cite book|last=Foster|first=Noel|title=Mauritania: The Struggle for Democracy|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-1935049302}}
* {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=Peter|title=Travels in Mauritania|publisher=Flamingo|year=1991|isbn=978-0006543589}}
* {{cite book|last=Murphy|first=Joseph E|title=Mauritania in Photographs|publisher=Crossgar Press|year=1998|isbn=978-1892277046}}
* {{cite web|title=Slavery's last stronghold|url=http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|publisher=CNN|access-date=3 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219122911/http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|archive-date=19 February 2014|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Pazzanita|first=Anthony G|title=Historical Dictionary of Mauritania|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0810855960}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruf|first=Urs|title=Ending Slavery: Hierarchy, Dependency and Gender in Central Mauritania|publisher=Transcript Verlag|year=2001|isbn=978-3933127495}}
* {{cite book|last=Sene|first=Sidi|title=The Ignored Cries of Pain and Injustice from Mauritania|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2011|isbn=978-1426971617}}</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

== Demographics ==
Mauritania get a population of about 4.3&amp;nbsp;million, roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast. De local population be composed of three main ethnicities: Bidhan anaa white Moors, Haratin anaa black moors, den West Africans. 30% Bidhan, 40% Haratin, den 30% odas (mostly Black Sub-Saharans). Local statistics bureau estimations dey indicate say de Bidhan dey represent around 30% of citizens. Dem dey speak Hassaniya Arabic den be primarily of Arab-Berber origin. De Haratin dey constitute roughly 35% of de population, plus chaw estimates wey dey put dem at around 40%. Dem be descendants of de original inhabitants of de Tassili n'Ajjer and Acacus Mountain sites during de Epipalaeolithic era.&lt;ref name=&quot;Anthony Appiah 2010 p. 549&quot;&gt;Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 549. {{ISBN|978-0-19-533770-9}}., Quote: &quot;Haratine. Social caste in several northwestern African countries consisting of blacks, many of whom are former slaves (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gast, M. 2000&quot;&gt;Gast, M. (2000). &quot;Harṭâni&quot;. Encyclopédie berbère – Hadrumetum – Hidjaba (in French). 22.&lt;/ref&gt; De remaining 30% of de population largely dey consist of various ethnic groups of West African descent. Among dese be de Niger-Congo-speaking [[Fula people|Halpulaar]] (Fulbe), Soninke, Bambara den Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Africa – Mauritania|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|publisher=CIA|access-date=24 Dec 2020|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034713/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Largest cities ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritania

citypopulation.de
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Region
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Nouakchott
|Nouakchott
|1,195,600
|-
|2
|Nouadhibou
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou
|118,167
|-
|3
|Kiffa
|Assaba
|60,005
|-
|4
|Néma
|Hodh Ech Chargui
|57,000
|-
|5
|Rosso
|Traza
|51,026
|-
|6
|Kaédi
|Gorgol
|45,539
|-
|7
|Zouérat
|Tiris Zemmour
|44,469
|-
|8
|Sélibaby
|Guidimaka
|26,420
|-
|9
|Atar
|Adrar
|25,190
|-
|10
|Aïoun
|Hodh El Gharbi
|22,796
|}

===Religion===
Mauritania be almost 100% Muslim, plus chaw inhabitants dey adher to de Sunni denomination.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; De Sufi orders, de Tijaniyah den de Qadiriyyah, get great influence no be insyd de country per, buh insyd [[Morocco]], Algeria, Senegal den oda neighboring countries as well. De Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott, dem found insyd 1965, dey serve de 4,500 Catholics insyd Mauritania (mostly foreign residents wey komot [[West Africa]] den Europe). Insyd 2020, na dem estimate de number of Christians insyd Mauritania at 10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South|first=Mark |last=A. Lamport|year= 2021| isbn=9781442271579| page =497|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|quote= Influences—Christian influences in Mauritanian society are limited to the approximately 10,000 foreign nationals living in the country}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Der be extreme restrictions for freedom of religion den belief insyd Mauritania; ebe one of 13 countries insyd de world wey dey punish atheism by death.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Languages===
Arabic be de official den national language of Mauritania. De local spoken variety, dem know as Hassaniya, dey contain chaw Berber words wey e significantly dey differ from de Modern Standard Arabic wey dem dey use for official communication. Pulaar, Soninke, den Wolof sanso dey serve as national languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;/&gt; Despite e no get official status, dem dey use French as an administrative language den as a medium of instruction insyd schools.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Mauritania denies banning French from parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231218101654/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Archived] 18 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, ''BBC News'', 10 Feb 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ La Mauritanie adopte une loi contestée sur les langues à l'école] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235807/https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ Archived] 9 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (Mauritania adopts contested law around languages at school), ''AfricaNews'', 27 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem sanso dey use am widely insyd de media, business, den among educated classes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|title=Mauritania: Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=27 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409103738/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|archive-date=9 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Education ===
Since 1999, all teaching insyd de first year of primary school dey insyd Modern Standard Arabic; dem introduce French insyd de second year, wey dem dey use am teach all scientific courses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |title=Education system in Mauritania |publisher=Bibl.u-szeged.hu |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092316/http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; De use of English dey increase.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|title=English is All the Rage in Mauritania – Al-Fanar Media|date=2015-08-29|work=Al-Fanar Media|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143909/https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mauritania get de University of Nouakchott den oda institutions of higher education, buh de majority of highly educated Mauritanians study outsyd de country. Na public expenditure for education be at 10.1% of 2000–2007 government expenditure.&lt;ref name=&quot;hdrstats.undp.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|title=Human Development Report 2009 – Mauritania|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org|access-date=4 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708001856/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|archive-date=8 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem rank Mauritania 126th out of 139 insyd de Global Innovation Index insyd 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Read further ==

* {{cite book|last=Foster|first=Noel|title=Mauritania: The Struggle for Democracy|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-1935049302}}
* {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=Peter|title=Travels in Mauritania|publisher=Flamingo|year=1991|isbn=978-0006543589}}
* {{cite book|last=Murphy|first=Joseph E|title=Mauritania in Photographs|publisher=Crossgar Press|year=1998|isbn=978-1892277046}}
* {{cite web|title=Slavery's last stronghold|url=http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|publisher=CNN|access-date=3 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219122911/http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|archive-date=19 February 2014|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Pazzanita|first=Anthony G|title=Historical Dictionary of Mauritania|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0810855960}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruf|first=Urs|title=Ending Slavery: Hierarchy, Dependency and Gender in Central Mauritania|publisher=Transcript Verlag|year=2001|isbn=978-3933127495}}
* {{cite book|last=Sene|first=Sidi|title=The Ignored Cries of Pain and Injustice from Mauritania|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2011|isbn=978-1426971617}}

== External links ==
{{sister project links||voy=Mauritania}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151017055755/http://www.mauritania.mr/ République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151023185313/http://www.mauritania.mr:80/fr/index.php République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/ Mauritania]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency.
* [http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&amp;l=en&amp;q=mauritania Mauritania] web resources provided by GovPubs at the University of Colorado Boulder Libraries</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

== Demographics ==
Mauritania get a population of about 4.3&amp;nbsp;million, roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast. De local population be composed of three main ethnicities: Bidhan anaa white Moors, Haratin anaa black moors, den West Africans. 30% Bidhan, 40% Haratin, den 30% odas (mostly Black Sub-Saharans). Local statistics bureau estimations dey indicate say de Bidhan dey represent around 30% of citizens. Dem dey speak Hassaniya Arabic den be primarily of Arab-Berber origin. De Haratin dey constitute roughly 35% of de population, plus chaw estimates wey dey put dem at around 40%. Dem be descendants of de original inhabitants of de Tassili n'Ajjer and Acacus Mountain sites during de Epipalaeolithic era.&lt;ref name=&quot;Anthony Appiah 2010 p. 549&quot;&gt;Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 549. {{ISBN|978-0-19-533770-9}}., Quote: &quot;Haratine. Social caste in several northwestern African countries consisting of blacks, many of whom are former slaves (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gast, M. 2000&quot;&gt;Gast, M. (2000). &quot;Harṭâni&quot;. Encyclopédie berbère – Hadrumetum – Hidjaba (in French). 22.&lt;/ref&gt; De remaining 30% of de population largely dey consist of various ethnic groups of West African descent. Among dese be de Niger-Congo-speaking [[Fula people|Halpulaar]] (Fulbe), Soninke, Bambara den Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Africa – Mauritania|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|publisher=CIA|access-date=24 Dec 2020|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034713/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Largest cities ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritania

citypopulation.de
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Region
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Nouakchott
|Nouakchott
|1,195,600
|-
|2
|Nouadhibou
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou
|118,167
|-
|3
|Kiffa
|Assaba
|60,005
|-
|4
|Néma
|Hodh Ech Chargui
|57,000
|-
|5
|Rosso
|Traza
|51,026
|-
|6
|Kaédi
|Gorgol
|45,539
|-
|7
|Zouérat
|Tiris Zemmour
|44,469
|-
|8
|Sélibaby
|Guidimaka
|26,420
|-
|9
|Atar
|Adrar
|25,190
|-
|10
|Aïoun
|Hodh El Gharbi
|22,796
|}

===Religion===
Mauritania be almost 100% Muslim, plus chaw inhabitants dey adher to de Sunni denomination.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; De Sufi orders, de Tijaniyah den de Qadiriyyah, get great influence no be insyd de country per, buh insyd [[Morocco]], Algeria, Senegal den oda neighboring countries as well. De Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott, dem found insyd 1965, dey serve de 4,500 Catholics insyd Mauritania (mostly foreign residents wey komot [[West Africa]] den Europe). Insyd 2020, na dem estimate de number of Christians insyd Mauritania at 10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South|first=Mark |last=A. Lamport|year= 2021| isbn=9781442271579| page =497|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|quote= Influences—Christian influences in Mauritanian society are limited to the approximately 10,000 foreign nationals living in the country}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Der be extreme restrictions for freedom of religion den belief insyd Mauritania; ebe one of 13 countries insyd de world wey dey punish atheism by death.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Languages===
Arabic be de official den national language of Mauritania. De local spoken variety, dem know as Hassaniya, dey contain chaw Berber words wey e significantly dey differ from de Modern Standard Arabic wey dem dey use for official communication. Pulaar, Soninke, den Wolof sanso dey serve as national languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;/&gt; Despite e no get official status, dem dey use French as an administrative language den as a medium of instruction insyd schools.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Mauritania denies banning French from parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231218101654/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Archived] 18 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, ''BBC News'', 10 Feb 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ La Mauritanie adopte une loi contestée sur les langues à l'école] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235807/https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ Archived] 9 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (Mauritania adopts contested law around languages at school), ''AfricaNews'', 27 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem sanso dey use am widely insyd de media, business, den among educated classes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|title=Mauritania: Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=27 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409103738/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|archive-date=9 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Education ===
Since 1999, all teaching insyd de first year of primary school dey insyd Modern Standard Arabic; dem introduce French insyd de second year, wey dem dey use am teach all scientific courses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |title=Education system in Mauritania |publisher=Bibl.u-szeged.hu |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092316/http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; De use of English dey increase.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|title=English is All the Rage in Mauritania – Al-Fanar Media|date=2015-08-29|work=Al-Fanar Media|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143909/https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mauritania get de University of Nouakchott den oda institutions of higher education, buh de majority of highly educated Mauritanians study outsyd de country. Na public expenditure for education be at 10.1% of 2000–2007 government expenditure.&lt;ref name=&quot;hdrstats.undp.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|title=Human Development Report 2009 – Mauritania|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org|access-date=4 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708001856/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|archive-date=8 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem rank Mauritania 126th out of 139 insyd de Global Innovation Index insyd 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Read further ==

* {{cite book|last=Foster|first=Noel|title=Mauritania: The Struggle for Democracy|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-1935049302}}
* {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=Peter|title=Travels in Mauritania|publisher=Flamingo|year=1991|isbn=978-0006543589}}
* {{cite book|last=Murphy|first=Joseph E|title=Mauritania in Photographs|publisher=Crossgar Press|year=1998|isbn=978-1892277046}}
* {{cite web|title=Slavery's last stronghold|url=http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|publisher=CNN|access-date=3 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219122911/http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|archive-date=19 February 2014|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Pazzanita|first=Anthony G|title=Historical Dictionary of Mauritania|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0810855960}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruf|first=Urs|title=Ending Slavery: Hierarchy, Dependency and Gender in Central Mauritania|publisher=Transcript Verlag|year=2001|isbn=978-3933127495}}
* {{cite book|last=Sene|first=Sidi|title=The Ignored Cries of Pain and Injustice from Mauritania|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2011|isbn=978-1426971617}}

== External links ==
{{sister project links||voy=Mauritania}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151017055755/http://www.mauritania.mr/ République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151023185313/http://www.mauritania.mr:80/fr/index.php République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/ Mauritania]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency.
* [http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&amp;l=en&amp;q=mauritania Mauritania] web resources provided by GovPubs at the University of Colorado Boulder Libraries
[[Category:Mauritania| ]]
[[Category:1960 establishments insyd Mauritania| ]]
[[Category:Islamic republics]]
[[Category:Least developed countries]]
[[Category:Maghrebi countries]]
[[Category:Member states of de African Union]]
[[Category:Member states of de Arab League]]
[[Category:Member states of de Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]
[[Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:Member states of de United Nations]]
[[Category:Non-Aligned Movement]]
[[Category:Saharan countries]]
[[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1960]]
[[Category:West African countries]]
[[Category:Countries den territories wer Arabic be official language]]
[[Category:French-speaking countries den territories]]
[[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]]</text>
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'''Mauritania''', formally de '''Islamic Republic of Mauritania''', be sovereign country insyd Northwest Africa. Ebe bordered by de Atlantic Ocean to de west, [[Western Sahara]] to de north den northwest, [[Algeria]] to de northeast, [[Mali]] to de east den southeast, den [[Senegal]] to de southwest. By land area Mauritania be de 11th-largest country insyd [[Africa]] den 28th-largest insyd de world; 90% of ein territory dey insyd de Sahara. Chaw of ein population of sam 4.3&amp;nbsp;million dey live insyd de temperate south of de country, plus roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast.

== Government den politics ==

=== Administrative divisions ===
De government bureaucracy dey composed of traditional ministries, special agencies, den parastatal companies. De Ministry of Interior dey spearhead a system of regional governors wey e dey prefect modeled for de French system of local administration. Under dis system, dem divide Mauritania into 15 regions (''wilaya'' anaa ''régions'').

Dem tightly concentrate control insyd de executive branch of de central government, buh na a series of national den municipal elections since 1992 produce limited decentralization. Dem subdivide dese regions into 44 departments (''moughataa'').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |title=MAURITANIA: Administrative Division Departments and Communes |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508190903/http://citypopulation.de/en/mauritania/admin/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

De regions den capital district den dema capitals be:
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Region !! Capital !! #
|-
|Adrar ||Atar ||1
|-
|Assaba ||Kiffa ||2
|-
|Brakna ||Aleg ||3
|-
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou ||Nouadhibou ||4
|-
|Gorgol ||Kaédi ||5
|-
|Guidimaka ||Sélibaby ||6
|-
|Hodh Ech Chargui ||Néma ||7
|-
|Hodh El Gharbi ||Ayoun el Atrous ||8
|-
|Inchiri ||Akjoujt ||9
|-
|Nouakchott-Nord ||Dar-Naim ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Ouest ||Tevragh-Zeina ||10
|-
|Nouakchott-Sud ||Arafat ||10
|-
|Tagant ||Tidjikdja ||11
|-
|Tiris Zemmour ||Zouérat ||12
|-
|Trarza ||Rosso ||13
|}

== Demographics ==
Mauritania get a population of about 4.3&amp;nbsp;million, roughly a third concentrate insyd de capital den largest city, Nouakchott, for de Atlantic coast. De local population be composed of three main ethnicities: Bidhan anaa white Moors, Haratin anaa black moors, den West Africans. 30% Bidhan, 40% Haratin, den 30% odas (mostly Black Sub-Saharans). Local statistics bureau estimations dey indicate say de Bidhan dey represent around 30% of citizens. Dem dey speak Hassaniya Arabic den be primarily of Arab-Berber origin. De Haratin dey constitute roughly 35% of de population, plus chaw estimates wey dey put dem at around 40%. Dem be descendants of de original inhabitants of de Tassili n'Ajjer and Acacus Mountain sites during de Epipalaeolithic era.&lt;ref name=&quot;Anthony Appiah 2010 p. 549&quot;&gt;Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 549. {{ISBN|978-0-19-533770-9}}., Quote: &quot;Haratine. Social caste in several northwestern African countries consisting of blacks, many of whom are former slaves (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gast, M. 2000&quot;&gt;Gast, M. (2000). &quot;Harṭâni&quot;. Encyclopédie berbère – Hadrumetum – Hidjaba (in French). 22.&lt;/ref&gt; De remaining 30% of de population largely dey consist of various ethnic groups of West African descent. Among dese be de Niger-Congo-speaking [[Fula people|Halpulaar]] (Fulbe), Soninke, Bambara den Wolof.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=The World Factbook – Africa – Mauritania|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|publisher=CIA|access-date=24 Dec 2020|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107034713/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Largest cities ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritania

citypopulation.de
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Region
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Nouakchott
|Nouakchott
|1,195,600
|-
|2
|Nouadhibou
|Dakhlet Nouadhibou
|118,167
|-
|3
|Kiffa
|Assaba
|60,005
|-
|4
|Néma
|Hodh Ech Chargui
|57,000
|-
|5
|Rosso
|Traza
|51,026
|-
|6
|Kaédi
|Gorgol
|45,539
|-
|7
|Zouérat
|Tiris Zemmour
|44,469
|-
|8
|Sélibaby
|Guidimaka
|26,420
|-
|9
|Atar
|Adrar
|25,190
|-
|10
|Aïoun
|Hodh El Gharbi
|22,796
|}

===Religion===
Mauritania be almost 100% Muslim, plus chaw inhabitants dey adher to de Sunni denomination.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot; /&gt; De Sufi orders, de Tijaniyah den de Qadiriyyah, get great influence no be insyd de country per, buh insyd [[Morocco]], Algeria, Senegal den oda neighboring countries as well. De Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott, dem found insyd 1965, dey serve de 4,500 Catholics insyd Mauritania (mostly foreign residents wey komot [[West Africa]] den Europe). Insyd 2020, na dem estimate de number of Christians insyd Mauritania at 10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Christianity in the Global South|first=Mark |last=A. Lamport|year= 2021| isbn=9781442271579| page =497|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers|quote= Influences—Christian influences in Mauritanian society are limited to the approximately 10,000 foreign nationals living in the country}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Der be extreme restrictions for freedom of religion den belief insyd Mauritania; ebe one of 13 countries insyd de world wey dey punish atheism by death.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Languages===
Arabic be de official den national language of Mauritania. De local spoken variety, dem know as Hassaniya, dey contain chaw Berber words wey e significantly dey differ from de Modern Standard Arabic wey dem dey use for official communication. Pulaar, Soninke, den Wolof sanso dey serve as national languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;/&gt; Despite e no get official status, dem dey use French as an administrative language den as a medium of instruction insyd schools.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Mauritania denies banning French from parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231218101654/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-51446026 Archived] 18 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, ''BBC News'', 10 Feb 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ La Mauritanie adopte une loi contestée sur les langues à l'école] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209235807/https://fr.africanews.com/2022/07/27/la-mauritanie-adopte-une-loi-contestee-sur-les-langues-a-lecole/ Archived] 9 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine (Mauritania adopts contested law around languages at school), ''AfricaNews'', 27 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem sanso dey use am widely insyd de media, business, den among educated classes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|title=Mauritania: Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=27 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409103738/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mauritania|archive-date=9 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Education ===
Since 1999, all teaching insyd de first year of primary school dey insyd Modern Standard Arabic; dem introduce French insyd de second year, wey dem dey use am teach all scientific courses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |title=Education system in Mauritania |publisher=Bibl.u-szeged.hu |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092316/http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/oseas_adsec/mauritania2.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; De use of English dey increase.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|title=English is All the Rage in Mauritania – Al-Fanar Media|date=2015-08-29|work=Al-Fanar Media|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143909/https://www.al-fanarmedia.org/2015/08/english-is-all-the-rage-in-mauritania/|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mauritania get de University of Nouakchott den oda institutions of higher education, buh de majority of highly educated Mauritanians study outsyd de country. Na public expenditure for education be at 10.1% of 2000–2007 government expenditure.&lt;ref name=&quot;hdrstats.undp.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|title=Human Development Report 2009 – Mauritania|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org|access-date=4 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708001856/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_MRT.html|archive-date=8 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem rank Mauritania 126th out of 139 insyd de Global Innovation Index insyd 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Read further ==

* {{cite book|last=Foster|first=Noel|title=Mauritania: The Struggle for Democracy|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-1935049302}}
* {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=Peter|title=Travels in Mauritania|publisher=Flamingo|year=1991|isbn=978-0006543589}}
* {{cite book|last=Murphy|first=Joseph E|title=Mauritania in Photographs|publisher=Crossgar Press|year=1998|isbn=978-1892277046}}
* {{cite web|title=Slavery's last stronghold|url=http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|publisher=CNN|access-date=3 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219122911/http://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2012/03/world/mauritania.slaverys.last.stronghold/|archive-date=19 February 2014|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Pazzanita|first=Anthony G|title=Historical Dictionary of Mauritania|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0810855960}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruf|first=Urs|title=Ending Slavery: Hierarchy, Dependency and Gender in Central Mauritania|publisher=Transcript Verlag|year=2001|isbn=978-3933127495}}
* {{cite book|last=Sene|first=Sidi|title=The Ignored Cries of Pain and Injustice from Mauritania|publisher=Trafford Publishing|year=2011|isbn=978-1426971617}}

== External links ==
{{sister project links||voy=Mauritania}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151017055755/http://www.mauritania.mr/ République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151023185313/http://www.mauritania.mr:80/fr/index.php République Islamique de Mauritanie] (official government website at archive.org) 
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritania/ Mauritania]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency.
* [http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&amp;l=en&amp;q=mauritania Mauritania] web resources provided by GovPubs at the University of Colorado Boulder Libraries
[[Category:Mauritania| ]]
[[Category:1960 establishments insyd Mauritania| ]]
[[Category:Islamic republics]]
[[Category:Least developed countries]]
[[Category:Maghrebi countries]]
[[Category:Member states of de African Union]]
[[Category:Member states of de Arab League]]
[[Category:Member states of de Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]]
[[Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:Member states of de United Nations]]
[[Category:Non-Aligned Movement]]
[[Category:Saharan countries]]
[[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1960]]
[[Category:West African countries]]
[[Category:Countries den territories wer Arabic be official language]]
[[Category:French-speaking countries den territories]]
[[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]]</text>
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    <title>Mauritius</title>
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'''Mauritius''' (/məˈrɪʃ(i)əs, mɔː-/ (listen) mər-ISH-(ee-)əs, mor-; French: Maurice [mɔʁis, moʁis] (listen); Mauritian Creole: Moris [moʁis]), officially dem dey bell am de '''Republic of Mauritius''' (French: République de Maurice; Mauritian Creole: Repiblik Moris), De African island country insyd de Indian Ocean, approximately 2,000 kilometres (1,100 nautical miles) off de southeastern coast of East Africa, east of [[Madagascar]]. Edey include de main island (dem san bell am Mauritius), as well as Rodrigues, Agaléga den St. Brandon.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031708/https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/169/169-20180301-WRI-05-00-EN.pdf &quot;Written Statement of the Republic of Mauritius&quot;] (PDF). ''International Court of Justice''. 1 March 2018. pp.&amp;nbsp;23–24. Archived from [https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/169/169-20180301-WRI-05-00-EN.pdf the original] (PDF) on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;''[https://pcacases.com/web/sendAttach/1796 Memorial of the Republic of Mauritius]''. Vol.&amp;nbsp;I. Permanent Court of Arbitration. 1 August 2012. p.&amp;nbsp;9.&lt;/ref&gt; De islands of Mauritius den Rodrigues, plus nearby Réunion (French overseas department), all be apart of Mascarene Islands. De main island of Mauritius, be where most of dema population dey plenty, edey host de capital den de largest city, Port Louis. De country dey span 2,040 square kilometres (790 sq mi) den e get exclusive economic zone wey edey cover 2,300,000 square kilometres (670,000 square nautical miles).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Figure 7: Mauritius' EEZ: 1977&quot;. ''[https://files.pca-cpa.org//pcadocs/mu-uk/Annexes%20to%20Memorial/MM%20Charts.pdf Memorial of the Republic of Mauritius]'' (PDF). Vol.&amp;nbsp;IV. Permanent Court of Arbitration. 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;

Arab sailors be de first persons wey go discover de uninhabited island, around 975, den dem bell am ''Dina Arobi''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220628000251/https://mauritianarchaeology.sites.stanford.edu/history &quot;History&quot;]. Archived from [https://mauritianarchaeology.sites.stanford.edu/history the original] on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 1 August 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''[https://books.google.com/books?id=F_FnBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA344 International Education: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Issues and Systems]''. Routledge. 17 March 2015. ISBN&amp;nbsp;&lt;bdi&gt;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781317467519|9781317467519]]&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Insyd 1507, Portuguese sailors go visit de uninhabited island. De island appear plus de Portuguese names Cirne anaa Do-Cerne for early Portuguese dema maps top.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161016015207/http://www.govmu.org/English/ExploreMauritius/Pages/History.aspx#dutch &quot;Republic of Mauritius- History&quot;]. ''govmu.org''. Archived from [http://www.govmu.org/English/ExploreMauritius/Pages/History.aspx#dutch the original] on 16 October 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Dutch fleet, wey dey under de command of Admiral Van Warwyck cam land for de place wey now dem dey bell am Grand Port den take possession of de island insyd 1598, as dem rename de den uninhabited islands after Maurice, Prince of Orange. Eventually, dem establish succession give de short-lived Dutch settlements over de next 120 years, as dem cam exploit dema local ebony forests den establish sugar production, as dem import sugar cane plants from Java den over three hundred Malagasy slaves, before dem abandon dema efforts insyd 1710.&lt;ref&gt;Allen, Richard B. (1 August 2003). [[doi:10.1080/01440390308559154|&quot;The Mascarene Slave-Trade and Labour Migration in the Indian Ocean during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries&quot;]]. ''Slavery &amp; Abolition''. '''24''' (2): 33–50. doi:[[doi:10.1080/01440390308559154|10.1080/01440390308559154]]. ISSN&amp;nbsp;[[issn:0144-039X|0144-039X]]. S2CID&amp;nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143805648 143805648].&lt;/ref&gt; France cam take control insyd 1715, wey dem rename am as Isle de France. Insyd 1810, de United Kingdom cam seize de island, den four years later, dem sign Treaty of Paris, France cede Mauritius den ein dependencies give de United Kingdom. De British colony of Mauritius dey include Rodrigues, Agaléga, St. Brandon, De Chagos Archipelago, den, until 1906, de [[Seychelles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Mauritius den France dispute sovereignty over de island of Tromelin as de Treaty of Paris make yawa say you go fi mention am.&lt;ref&gt;Gaymard, Hervé (20 March 2013). A. [http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/rapports/r0830.asp#P65_3881 Un Différend Ancien Avec Maurice Quant À La Souveraineté Sur Tromelin]. ''National Assembly'' (Report) (insyd French).&lt;/ref&gt; Mauritius remain primarily plantation-based colony give United Kingdom until dema independence insyd 1968.&lt;ref&gt;[https://countrystudies.us/mauritius/3.htm &quot;Rise of the Sugar Economy&quot;]. ''countrystudies.us''. Retrieved 14 July 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Demographics ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;10&quot; |


Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mauritius

Source:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geonames.org/MU/largest-cities-in-mauritius.html &quot;Biggest Cities Mauritius&quot;]. ''www.geonames.org''.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!
!Rank
!Name
!District
!Pop.
!
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |
|1
|Port Louis
|Port Louis
|155,226
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |
|-
|2
|Vacoas-Phoenix
|Plaines Wilhems
|115,289
|-
|3
|Beau Bassin-Rose Hill
|Plaines Wilhems
|111,355
|-
|4
|Curepipe
|Plaines Wilhems
|78,618
|-
|5
|Quatre Bornes
|Plaines Wilhems
|77,308
|-
|6
|Triolet
|Pamplemousses
|23,269
|-
|7
|Goodlands
|Rivière du Rempart
|20,910
|-
|8
|Centre de Flacq
|Flacq
|17,710
|-
|9
|Bel Air Rivière Sèche
|Flacq
|17,671
|-
|10
|Mahébourg
|Grand Port
|17,042
|}

=== Holidays den festivals ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible&quot;
!Public holidays insyd Mauritius for 2023 insyd&lt;ref&gt;[https://pmo.govmu.org/Communique/Public_Holidays_2023.pdf &quot;General Notice No 1218 of 2022 – Public Holidays – 2023&quot;] (PDF). Republic of Mauritius. Retrieved 14 July 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;
!Date
|-
|New Year's Day
|Sunday 1 January – Monday 2 January
|-
|Chinese Spring Festival
|Sunday 22 January
|-
|Abolition of slavery
|Wednesday 1 February
|-
|Thaipoosam Cavadee
|Saturday 4 February
|-
|Maha Shivaratri
|Saturday 18 February
|-
|Independence and Republic Day
|Sunday 12 March
|-
|Ugadi
|Wednesday 22 March
|-
|Eid ul-Fitr (''Dey depend for de visibility of de moon top'')
|Saturday 22 April
|-
|Labour Day
|Monday 1 May
|-
|Ganesh Chaturthi
|Wednesday 20 September
|-
|All Saints Day
|Wednesday 1 November
|-
|Arrival of the Indentured Labourers
|Thursday 2 November
|-
|Diwali
|Sunday 12 November
|-
|Christmas Day
|Monday 25 December
|}

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Bibliography ==

* Macdonald, Fiona; et al. &quot;Mauritius&quot;. ''Peoples of Africa''. pp. 340–341.
* ''Dis article dey incorporate public domain text from de websites of de Government of Mauritius Archived 22 October 2018 at de Wayback Machine, de United States Department of State, de U.S. Library of Congress, den de CIA World Factbook.''

== Read further ==

* Bahadur, Gaiutra (2014). ''Coolie Woman: The Odyssey of Indenture''. The University of Chicago. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-226-21138-1|978-0-226-21138-1]]&lt;/bdi&gt;.
* Moree, Perry J. (1998). ''A Concise History of Dutch Mauritius, 1598–1710: A Fruitful and Healthy Land''. Routledge.
* Vink, Markus (2003). &quot;'The World's Oldest Trade': Dutch Slavery and Slave Trade in the Indian Ocean in the Seventeenth Century&quot;. ''Journal of World History''. '''14''' (2): 131–177. doi:[[doi:10.1353/jwh.2003.0026|10.1353/jwh.2003.0026]]. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145450338 145450338].
== External links ==
{{sister project links||Mauritius|voy=Mauritius}}
===References===
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13882233 Country Profile] from BBC News
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MU Key Development Forecasts for Mauritius] from International Futures
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080607053434/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mauritius.htm Mauritius] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/370153/Mauritius Mauritius] entry at ''Encyclopædia Britannica''
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritius/ Mauritius]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency.

===Government===
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120101020658/http://www.boimauritius.com/ Board of Investment]
* [http://www.govmu.org/ Mauritius Government portal] [https://web.archive.org/web/20181022022534/http://www1.govmu.org/ Archived] 22 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine
* [http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/ Statistics Mauritius]

===Geography===
* {{osmrelation-inline|1=535828#map=10/-20.2963/57.6727}}
* [[commons:Atlas_of_Mauritius|Wikimedia Atlas of Mauritius]]
* [http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=-20.2544671&amp;lon=57.5614929&amp;z=10&amp;l=0&amp;m=b&amp;search=mauritius WikiSatellite view of Mauritius at WikiMapia]
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[[Category:1968 establishments insyd Africa]]
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[[Category:Mauritius]]
[[Category:Member states of de African Union]]
[[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]]
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[[Category:Member states of de United Nations]]
[[Category:Miocene Africa]]
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    <title>Mavis Akoto</title>
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'''Mavis Akoto''' (dem born am 22 March 1978) be Ghanaian sprinter. She compete for women's 4 × 100 metres relay for 2000 Summer Olympics insyd.&lt;ref&gt;Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091931/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ak/mavis-akoto-1.html &quot;Mavis Akoto Olympic Results&quot;]. ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from [https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ak/mavis-akoto-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
[[Category:1978 births]]
[[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2000 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Ghanaian female sprinters]]
[[Category:Olympic athletes for Ghana]]
[[Category:African Games medalists insyd athletics (track den field)]]
[[Category:Olympic female sprinters]]

&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:Ghanaian sportspeople]]
[[Category:Ghanaian sportswomen]]
[[Category:African Games bronze medalists give Ghana]]
[[Category:AthletesAthletes (track den field) at de 1999 All-Africa Games]]</text>
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'''Mavis Akoto''' (dem born am 22 March 1978) be Ghanaian sprinter. She compete for women's 4 × 100 metres relay for 2000 Summer Olympics insyd.&lt;ref&gt;Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091931/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ak/mavis-akoto-1.html &quot;Mavis Akoto Olympic Results&quot;]. ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from [https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ak/mavis-akoto-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
[[Category:1978 births]]
[[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2000 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Ghanaian female sprinters]]
[[Category:Olympic athletes for Ghana]]
[[Category:African Games medalists insyd athletics (track den field)]]
[[Category:Olympic female sprinters]]

&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:Ghanaian sportspeople]]
[[Category:Ghanaian sportswomen]]
[[Category:African Games bronze medalists give Ghana]]
[[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 1999 All-Africa Games]]</text>
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    <title>Mavis Ama Frimpong</title>
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      <comment>Improve article</comment>
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'''Mavis Ama Frimpong''' be Ghanaian politician wey hold Birim North District Chief Executive position before dem cam select am as deputy [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern Regional]] Minister of [[Ghana]].&lt;ref name=&quot;min&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=List of Regional Ministers in Ghana with Their Deputies.|url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/469518/1/list-of-regional-ministers-in-ghana-with-their-dep.html|publisher=www.modernghana.com|accessdate=23 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sdf&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=277257|title=List of Regional Ministers in Ghana with Their Deputies|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=23 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;jmnko&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Regional Ministers|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/regional-ministers|publisher=www.ghana.gov.ghs|accessdate=23 November 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014214651/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/regional-ministers|archivedate=14 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem later appoint am as Eastern Regional Minister of Ghana for [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] administration.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mavis Frimpong, assumes office as Eastern Regional Minister|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/678209/mavis-frimpong-assumes-office-as-eastern-regional.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Mavis Ama Frimpong''' be Ghanaian politician wey hold Birim North District Chief Executive position before dem cam select am as deputy [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern Regional]] Minister of [[Ghana]].&lt;ref name=&quot;min&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=List of Regional Ministers in Ghana with Their Deputies.|url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/469518/1/list-of-regional-ministers-in-ghana-with-their-dep.html|publisher=www.modernghana.com|accessdate=23 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sdf&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=277257|title=List of Regional Ministers in Ghana with Their Deputies|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=23 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;jmnko&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Regional Ministers|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/regional-ministers|publisher=www.ghana.gov.ghs|accessdate=23 November 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014214651/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/regional-ministers|archivedate=14 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem later appoint am as Eastern Regional Minister of Ghana for [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] administration.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mavis Frimpong, assumes office as Eastern Regional Minister|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/678209/mavis-frimpong-assumes-office-as-eastern-regional.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Ghanaians]]
[[Category:Ghanaian politicians]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians wey komot Eastern Region (Ghana)]]
[[Category:Ghanaian women insyd politics]]
[[Category:21st-century Ghanaian women politicians]]</text>
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    <title>Mavis Hawa Koomson</title>
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'''Mavis Hawa Koomson''' (dem born am 3 February 1966) be Ghanaian politician den educationist. She be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency wey she dey double as de Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/440537/list-of-the-29-women-in-parliament.html|title=LIST OF THE 29 WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT|last=Prince|first=Akpah|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NDC calls for arrest of 'gangster' Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ndc-calls-for-arrest-of-gangster-hawa-koomson/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=Your actions will have 'collateral implications' - Baako roasts Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Your-actions-will-have-collateral-implications-Baako-roasts-Hawa-Koomson-1013866 |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=ghanaweb. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Knocks for Ghana female lawmaker wey fire gunshot for voter registration centre - Read wetin we know about Hawa|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53484335|access-date=2020-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] for 10 January 2017 as Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php|title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fire Hawa Koomson over gunshot - Bonaa tells Nana Addo|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-news-fire-hawa-koomson-over-gunshot-bonaa-tells-nana-addo.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson response to CID invitation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-hawa-koomson-response-to-cid-invitation.html|access-date=2020-07-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Early life and education ==
Koomson dey hail from Salaga insyd de Savannah Region of Ghana wey den born am on 3 February 1966.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20181018161851/https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson-id5364017.html&lt;/ref&gt; She gey ein training college education for de Bimbilla Training College.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php&lt;/ref&gt; She dey hold diploma den a bachelor degree insyd Basic Education from de University Education Winneba.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20161011140409/http://pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson&lt;/ref&gt; She gey ein master degree, postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (CPA) den postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (DPA) from Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA).&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20190724021440/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3445-mavis-hawa-koomson-special-development-initiatives&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=64&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==
Koomson bi a teacher by profession, occupying various positions wey edey include head teacher, assistant superintendent den Principal superintendent. She san bi de president of Gender Unit of the Ghana National Association of Teachers Ladies Association (GNATLAS) Sekondi local, treasurer for GNATLAS (Western Region) den secretary for GNATLAS (Takoradi local).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php&lt;/ref&gt;

== Politics ==
Koomson bi a member for de New Patriotic Party. Rydee she bi de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency insyd de Central Region of Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=30&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cabinet minister ===
Insyd May 2017, President Nana Akufo-Addo name Mavis Hawa Koomson as part of ein nineteen ministers who wey dey form ein cabinet.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170731025902/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839&lt;/ref&gt; De names of de 19 ministers dem submit give de Parliament of Ghana den announce am by de Speaker of de House, Rt. Hon. Prof. Mike Ocquaye. As a Cabinet minister, Mavis Hawa Koomson bi part of de inner circle wey dey give de president advice for key decision-making activities insyd de country. She bi rydee de Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Development.&lt;ref&gt;https://citibusinessnews.com/2021/09/digitization-of-premix-distribution-fishermen-to-access-product-with-canoe-id-cards/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 elections ===
Insyd de 2020 Ghanaian general elections, she win de Awutu Senya East Constituency parliamentary seat plus 57,114 votes wey edey make up 52.6% for de total votes cast wey de NDC parliamentary candidate Phillis Naa Koryoo Okunor gey 51,561 votes wey edey make 47.5% for de total votes cast,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=78&lt;/ref&gt; de GUM parliamentary candidate Hanson Ishmael Amuzu gey 0 vote wey edey repp 0.0% of de total votes cast, de CPP parliamentary candidate Addy Ishmael gey 0 vote wey edey make 0.0% of de total votes cast, de GCPP parliamentary candidate Peter Kwao Lartey gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast den de UPP parliamentary candidate Mohammed Issah Al-Marzuque gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/awutu_senya_east/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Committee ===
Koomson bi a member of de Business Committee.

== Controversy ==
Insyd July 2020, Hawa Koomson breach security laws den fire gunshots into a crowd of citizens who den in de process of registering for de controversial voters ID card.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/npp-must-sanction-hawa-koomson-peace-council-condemns-kasoa-shooting/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/hawa-koomson-minister-fires-gun-at-registration-centre-4-arrested.html&lt;/ref&gt; Dis incident occurr insyd Kasoa. De Minister claim she bi inform of foreigners who gey come from different towns to register insyd ein constituency. She regard dis as a threat to her party ein victory insyd de upcoming elections. De Minister claim dat de act bi in self-defense because she feel threaten. She respond to de invitation of de CID for de police insyd de Central region. Ein gun dem retrieve by de Central Regional police. De license covering de weapon wey dem retrieve am wen she report give de police insyd [[Cape Coast]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-police-retrieve-hawa-koomson-s-gun.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Personal life ==
She bi Christian den she marry with three kiddies.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2595&lt;/ref&gt;

== Philanthropy ==
She introduce ein annual soccer competition wey dem call am de Kasoa MP's Cup wey dem go play among de youth insyd ein constituency.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/hawa-koomson-opens-kasoa-championship/&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2021, Koomson construct a church hall give de Bethel Methodist Church insyd Kasoa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/hawa-koomson-hands-over-church-hall-to-kasoa-bethel-methodist-church/&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Mavis Hawa Koomson''' (dem born am 3 February 1966) be Ghanaian politician den educationist. She be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency wey she dey double as de Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/440537/list-of-the-29-women-in-parliament.html|title=LIST OF THE 29 WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT|last=Prince|first=Akpah|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NDC calls for arrest of 'gangster' Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ndc-calls-for-arrest-of-gangster-hawa-koomson/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=Your actions will have 'collateral implications' - Baako roasts Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Your-actions-will-have-collateral-implications-Baako-roasts-Hawa-Koomson-1013866 |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=ghanaweb. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Knocks for Ghana female lawmaker wey fire gunshot for voter registration centre - Read wetin we know about Hawa|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53484335|access-date=2020-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] for 10 January 2017 as Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php|title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fire Hawa Koomson over gunshot - Bonaa tells Nana Addo|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-news-fire-hawa-koomson-over-gunshot-bonaa-tells-nana-addo.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson response to CID invitation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-hawa-koomson-response-to-cid-invitation.html|access-date=2020-07-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Early life den education ==
Koomson dey hail from Salaga insyd de [[Savannah Region]] of Ghana wey dem born am on 3 February 1966.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson-id5364017.html |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=pulse ghana |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; She get ein training college education at de Bimbilla Training College.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Peacefmonline- Ghana news}}&lt;/ref&gt; She dey hold diploma den a bachelor's degree insyd Basic Education from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University Education Winneba]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson - Mavis Hawa Koomson - Pulse |url=http://pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson |accessdate=2016-09-15 |website=pulse ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she earn a master's degree, postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (CPA) den postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (DPA) from [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson –Special Development Initiatives - Government of Ghana |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3445-mavis-hawa-koomson-special-development-initiatives |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=Government of Ghana |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghana |first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=64 |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==
Koomson bi a teacher by profession, occupying various positions wey edey include head teacher, assistant superintendent den Principal superintendent. She san bi de president of Gender Unit of the Ghana National Association of Teachers Ladies Association (GNATLAS) Sekondi local, treasurer for GNATLAS (Western Region) den secretary for GNATLAS (Takoradi local).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php&lt;/ref&gt;

== Politics ==
Koomson bi a member for de New Patriotic Party. Rydee she bi de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency insyd de Central Region of Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=30&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cabinet minister ===
Insyd May 2017, President Nana Akufo-Addo name Mavis Hawa Koomson as part of ein nineteen ministers who wey dey form ein cabinet.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170731025902/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839&lt;/ref&gt; De names of de 19 ministers dem submit give de Parliament of Ghana den announce am by de Speaker of de House, Rt. Hon. Prof. Mike Ocquaye. As a Cabinet minister, Mavis Hawa Koomson bi part of de inner circle wey dey give de president advice for key decision-making activities insyd de country. She bi rydee de Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Development.&lt;ref&gt;https://citibusinessnews.com/2021/09/digitization-of-premix-distribution-fishermen-to-access-product-with-canoe-id-cards/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 elections ===
Insyd de 2020 Ghanaian general elections, she win de Awutu Senya East Constituency parliamentary seat plus 57,114 votes wey edey make up 52.6% for de total votes cast wey de NDC parliamentary candidate Phillis Naa Koryoo Okunor gey 51,561 votes wey edey make 47.5% for de total votes cast,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=78&lt;/ref&gt; de GUM parliamentary candidate Hanson Ishmael Amuzu gey 0 vote wey edey repp 0.0% of de total votes cast, de CPP parliamentary candidate Addy Ishmael gey 0 vote wey edey make 0.0% of de total votes cast, de GCPP parliamentary candidate Peter Kwao Lartey gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast den de UPP parliamentary candidate Mohammed Issah Al-Marzuque gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/awutu_senya_east/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Committee ===
Koomson bi a member of de Business Committee.

== Controversy ==
Insyd July 2020, Hawa Koomson breach security laws den fire gunshots into a crowd of citizens who den in de process of registering for de controversial voters ID card.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/npp-must-sanction-hawa-koomson-peace-council-condemns-kasoa-shooting/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/hawa-koomson-minister-fires-gun-at-registration-centre-4-arrested.html&lt;/ref&gt; Dis incident occurr insyd Kasoa. De Minister claim she bi inform of foreigners who gey come from different towns to register insyd ein constituency. She regard dis as a threat to her party ein victory insyd de upcoming elections. De Minister claim dat de act bi in self-defense because she feel threaten. She respond to de invitation of de CID for de police insyd de Central region. Ein gun dem retrieve by de Central Regional police. De license covering de weapon wey dem retrieve am wen she report give de police insyd [[Cape Coast]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-police-retrieve-hawa-koomson-s-gun.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Personal life ==
She bi Christian den she marry with three kiddies.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2595&lt;/ref&gt;

== Philanthropy ==
She introduce ein annual soccer competition wey dem call am de Kasoa MP's Cup wey dem go play among de youth insyd ein constituency.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/hawa-koomson-opens-kasoa-championship/&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2021, Koomson construct a church hall give de Bethel Methodist Church insyd Kasoa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/hawa-koomson-hands-over-church-hall-to-kasoa-bethel-methodist-church/&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Mavis Hawa Koomson''' (dem born am 3 February 1966) be Ghanaian politician den educationist. She be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency wey she dey double as de Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/440537/list-of-the-29-women-in-parliament.html|title=LIST OF THE 29 WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT|last=Prince|first=Akpah|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NDC calls for arrest of 'gangster' Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ndc-calls-for-arrest-of-gangster-hawa-koomson/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=Your actions will have 'collateral implications' - Baako roasts Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Your-actions-will-have-collateral-implications-Baako-roasts-Hawa-Koomson-1013866 |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=ghanaweb. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Knocks for Ghana female lawmaker wey fire gunshot for voter registration centre - Read wetin we know about Hawa|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53484335|access-date=2020-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] for 10 January 2017 as Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php|title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fire Hawa Koomson over gunshot - Bonaa tells Nana Addo|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-news-fire-hawa-koomson-over-gunshot-bonaa-tells-nana-addo.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson response to CID invitation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-hawa-koomson-response-to-cid-invitation.html|access-date=2020-07-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Early life den education ==
Koomson dey hail from Salaga insyd de [[Savannah Region]] of Ghana wey dem born am on 3 February 1966.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson-id5364017.html |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=pulse ghana |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; She get ein training college education at de Bimbilla Training College.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Peacefmonline- Ghana news}}&lt;/ref&gt; She dey hold diploma den a bachelor's degree insyd Basic Education from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University Education Winneba]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson - Mavis Hawa Koomson - Pulse |url=http://pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson |accessdate=2016-09-15 |website=pulse ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she earn a master's degree, postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (CPA) den postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (DPA) from [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson –Special Development Initiatives - Government of Ghana |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3445-mavis-hawa-koomson-special-development-initiatives |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=Government of Ghana |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghana |first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=64 |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==
Na Koomson be teacher by profession, wey she occupy various positions wey dey include head teacher, assistant superintendent den Principal superintendent.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghanaweb |title=I  was a professional teacher for 21 years – Hawa Koomson tells Parliament |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/I-was-a-professional-teacher-for-21-years-Hawa-Koomson-tells-Parliament-1184827?gallery=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she sanso be presido of Gender Unit of de Ghana National Association of Teachers Ladies Association (GNATLAS) Sekondi local, treasurer for GNATLAS ([[Western Region (Ghana)|Western Region]]) den secretary for GNATLAS (Takoradi local).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
== Politics ==
Koomson bi a member for de New Patriotic Party. Rydee she bi de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency insyd de Central Region of Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=30&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cabinet minister ===
Insyd May 2017, President Nana Akufo-Addo name Mavis Hawa Koomson as part of ein nineteen ministers who wey dey form ein cabinet.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170731025902/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839&lt;/ref&gt; De names of de 19 ministers dem submit give de Parliament of Ghana den announce am by de Speaker of de House, Rt. Hon. Prof. Mike Ocquaye. As a Cabinet minister, Mavis Hawa Koomson bi part of de inner circle wey dey give de president advice for key decision-making activities insyd de country. She bi rydee de Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Development.&lt;ref&gt;https://citibusinessnews.com/2021/09/digitization-of-premix-distribution-fishermen-to-access-product-with-canoe-id-cards/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 elections ===
Insyd de 2020 Ghanaian general elections, she win de Awutu Senya East Constituency parliamentary seat plus 57,114 votes wey edey make up 52.6% for de total votes cast wey de NDC parliamentary candidate Phillis Naa Koryoo Okunor gey 51,561 votes wey edey make 47.5% for de total votes cast,&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=78&lt;/ref&gt; de GUM parliamentary candidate Hanson Ishmael Amuzu gey 0 vote wey edey repp 0.0% of de total votes cast, de CPP parliamentary candidate Addy Ishmael gey 0 vote wey edey make 0.0% of de total votes cast, de GCPP parliamentary candidate Peter Kwao Lartey gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast den de UPP parliamentary candidate Mohammed Issah Al-Marzuque gey 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/awutu_senya_east/&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Committee ===
Koomson bi a member of de Business Committee.

== Controversy ==
Insyd July 2020, Hawa Koomson breach security laws den fire gunshots into a crowd of citizens who den in de process of registering for de controversial voters ID card.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/npp-must-sanction-hawa-koomson-peace-council-condemns-kasoa-shooting/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/hawa-koomson-minister-fires-gun-at-registration-centre-4-arrested.html&lt;/ref&gt; Dis incident occurr insyd Kasoa. De Minister claim she bi inform of foreigners who gey come from different towns to register insyd ein constituency. She regard dis as a threat to her party ein victory insyd de upcoming elections. De Minister claim dat de act bi in self-defense because she feel threaten. She respond to de invitation of de CID for de police insyd de Central region. Ein gun dem retrieve by de Central Regional police. De license covering de weapon wey dem retrieve am wen she report give de police insyd [[Cape Coast]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-police-retrieve-hawa-koomson-s-gun.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Personal life ==
She bi Christian den she marry with three kiddies.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2595&lt;/ref&gt;

== Philanthropy ==
She introduce ein annual soccer competition wey dem call am de Kasoa MP's Cup wey dem go play among de youth insyd ein constituency.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/hawa-koomson-opens-kasoa-championship/&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2021, Koomson construct a church hall give de Bethel Methodist Church insyd Kasoa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/hawa-koomson-hands-over-church-hall-to-kasoa-bethel-methodist-church/&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Mavis Hawa Koomson''' (dem born am 3 February 1966) be Ghanaian politician den educationist. She be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency wey she dey double as de Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/440537/list-of-the-29-women-in-parliament.html|title=LIST OF THE 29 WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT|last=Prince|first=Akpah|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NDC calls for arrest of 'gangster' Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ndc-calls-for-arrest-of-gangster-hawa-koomson/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=Your actions will have 'collateral implications' - Baako roasts Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Your-actions-will-have-collateral-implications-Baako-roasts-Hawa-Koomson-1013866 |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=ghanaweb. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Knocks for Ghana female lawmaker wey fire gunshot for voter registration centre - Read wetin we know about Hawa|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53484335|access-date=2020-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] for 10 January 2017 as Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php|title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fire Hawa Koomson over gunshot - Bonaa tells Nana Addo|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-news-fire-hawa-koomson-over-gunshot-bonaa-tells-nana-addo.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson response to CID invitation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-hawa-koomson-response-to-cid-invitation.html|access-date=2020-07-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Early life den education ==
Koomson dey hail from Salaga insyd de [[Savannah Region]] of Ghana wey dem born am on 3 February 1966.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson-id5364017.html |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=pulse ghana |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; She get ein training college education at de Bimbilla Training College.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Peacefmonline- Ghana news}}&lt;/ref&gt; She dey hold diploma den a bachelor's degree insyd Basic Education from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University Education Winneba]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson - Mavis Hawa Koomson - Pulse |url=http://pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson |accessdate=2016-09-15 |website=pulse ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she earn a master's degree, postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (CPA) den postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (DPA) from [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson –Special Development Initiatives - Government of Ghana |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3445-mavis-hawa-koomson-special-development-initiatives |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=Government of Ghana |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghana |first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=64 |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==
Na Koomson be teacher by profession, wey she occupy various positions wey dey include head teacher, assistant superintendent den Principal superintendent.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghanaweb |title=I  was a professional teacher for 21 years – Hawa Koomson tells Parliament |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/I-was-a-professional-teacher-for-21-years-Hawa-Koomson-tells-Parliament-1184827?gallery=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she sanso be presido of Gender Unit of de Ghana National Association of Teachers Ladies Association (GNATLAS) Sekondi local, treasurer for GNATLAS ([[Western Region (Ghana)|Western Region]]) den secretary for GNATLAS (Takoradi local).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
== Politics ==
Koomson be member of de New Patriotic Party. She currently be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency insyd de Central Region of Ghana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=30 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cabinet minister ===
Insyd May 2017, Presido Nana Akufo-Addo name Mavis Hawa Koomson as part of ein nineteen ministers who wey dey form ein cabinet.&lt;ref name=&quot;carbi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=FM |first1=Citi |title=Arts Minister Catherine Afeku makes it to Cabinet |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839 |accessdate=7 July 2017 |website= |publisher=ghanaweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; De names of de 19 ministers dem submit give de Parliament of Ghana den announce am by de Speaker of de House, Rt. Hon. Prof. Mike Ocquaye.&lt;ref name=&quot;carbi&quot;/&gt; As a Cabinet minister, Mavis Hawa Koomson be part of de inner circle wey dey give de presido advice for key decision-making activities insyd de country. She be rydee de Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Development.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-09-13|title=Digitization of premix distribution; fishermen to access product with canoe ID cards|url=https://citibusinessnews.com/2021/09/digitization-of-premix-distribution-fishermen-to-access-product-with-canoe-id-cards/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Citi Business News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 elections ===
Insyd de 2020 Ghanaian general elections, she win de Awutu Senya East Constituency parliamentary seat plus 57,114 votes wey edey make up 52.6% for de total votes cast wey de [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|NDC]] parliamentary candidate Phillis Naa Koryoo Okunor get 51,561 votes wey edey make 47.5% for de total votes cast,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary Results for Awutu-senya East |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=78 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; de GUM parliamentary candidate Hanson Ishmael Amuzu get 0 vote wey edey rep 0.0% of de total votes cast, de CPP parliamentary candidate Addy Ishmael gey 0 vote wey edey make 0.0% of de total votes cast, de GCPP parliamentary candidate Peter Kwao Lartey get 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast den de UPP parliamentary candidate Mohammed Issah Al-Marzuque get 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=2020 Election - Awutu Senya East Constituency Results |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/awutu_senya_east/ |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Committee ===
Koomson be a member of de Business Committee.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
== Controversy ==
Insyd July 2020, Hawa Koomson breach security laws den fire gunshots into a crowd of citizens who den in de process of registering for de controversial voters ID card.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/npp-must-sanction-hawa-koomson-peace-council-condemns-kasoa-shooting/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/hawa-koomson-minister-fires-gun-at-registration-centre-4-arrested.html&lt;/ref&gt; Dis incident occurr insyd Kasoa. De Minister claim she bi inform of foreigners who gey come from different towns to register insyd ein constituency. She regard dis as a threat to her party ein victory insyd de upcoming elections. De Minister claim dat de act bi in self-defense because she feel threaten. She respond to de invitation of de CID for de police insyd de Central region. Ein gun dem retrieve by de Central Regional police. De license covering de weapon wey dem retrieve am wen she report give de police insyd [[Cape Coast]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-police-retrieve-hawa-koomson-s-gun.html&lt;/ref&gt;

== Personal life ==
She bi Christian den she marry with three kiddies.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2595&lt;/ref&gt;

== Philanthropy ==
She introduce ein annual soccer competition wey dem call am de Kasoa MP's Cup wey dem go play among de youth insyd ein constituency.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/hawa-koomson-opens-kasoa-championship/&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2021, Koomson construct a church hall give de Bethel Methodist Church insyd Kasoa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/hawa-koomson-hands-over-church-hall-to-kasoa-bethel-methodist-church/&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Mavis Hawa Koomson''' (dem born am 3 February 1966) be Ghanaian politician den educationist. She be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency wey she dey double as de Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/440537/list-of-the-29-women-in-parliament.html|title=LIST OF THE 29 WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT|last=Prince|first=Akpah|language=en-GB|accessdate=2016-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NDC calls for arrest of 'gangster' Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ndc-calls-for-arrest-of-gangster-hawa-koomson/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=Your actions will have 'collateral implications' - Baako roasts Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Your-actions-will-have-collateral-implications-Baako-roasts-Hawa-Koomson-1013866 |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=ghanaweb. |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Knocks for Ghana female lawmaker wey fire gunshot for voter registration centre - Read wetin we know about Hawa|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53484335|access-date=2020-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]] [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] for 10 January 2017 as Minister of Special Development Initiatives.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php|title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative|last=Online|first=Peace FM|access-date=2018-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fire Hawa Koomson over gunshot - Bonaa tells Nana Addo|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-news-fire-hawa-koomson-over-gunshot-bonaa-tells-nana-addo.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson response to CID invitation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-hawa-koomson-response-to-cid-invitation.html|access-date=2020-07-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Early life den education ==
Koomson dey hail from Salaga insyd de [[Savannah Region]] of Ghana wey dem born am on 3 February 1966.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson-id5364017.html |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=pulse ghana |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; She get ein training college education at de Bimbilla Training College.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Profile of Hon Mavis Hawa Koomson, Minister-Designate For Special Development Initiative |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201701/302940.php |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Peacefmonline- Ghana news}}&lt;/ref&gt; She dey hold diploma den a bachelor's degree insyd Basic Education from de [[University of Education, Winneba|University Education Winneba]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pulse |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson - Mavis Hawa Koomson - Pulse |url=http://pulse.com.gh/bio/mavis-hawa-koomson |accessdate=2016-09-15 |website=pulse ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she earn a master's degree, postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (CPA) den postgraduate diploma insyd public administration (DPA) from [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration|Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA)]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mavis Hawa Koomson –Special Development Initiatives - Government of Ghana |url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/60-ministers/3445-mavis-hawa-koomson-special-development-initiatives |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=Government of Ghana |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghana |first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=64 |access-date=2018-10-18 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==
Na Koomson be teacher by profession, wey she occupy various positions wey dey include head teacher, assistant superintendent den Principal superintendent.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghanaweb |title=I  was a professional teacher for 21 years – Hawa Koomson tells Parliament |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/I-was-a-professional-teacher-for-21-years-Hawa-Koomson-tells-Parliament-1184827?gallery=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na she sanso be presido of Gender Unit of de Ghana National Association of Teachers Ladies Association (GNATLAS) Sekondi local, treasurer for GNATLAS ([[Western Region (Ghana)|Western Region]]) den secretary for GNATLAS (Takoradi local).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
== Politics ==
Koomson be member of de New Patriotic Party. She currently be de Member of Parliament for Awutu Senya East Constituency insyd de Central Region of Ghana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=30 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=parliament of ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Cabinet minister ===
Insyd May 2017, Presido Nana Akufo-Addo name Mavis Hawa Koomson as part of ein nineteen ministers who wey dey form ein cabinet.&lt;ref name=&quot;carbi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=FM |first1=Citi |title=Arts Minister Catherine Afeku makes it to Cabinet |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Arts-Minister-Catherine-Afeku-makes-it-to-Cabinet-542839 |accessdate=7 July 2017 |website= |publisher=ghanaweb}}&lt;/ref&gt; De names of de 19 ministers dem submit give de Parliament of Ghana den announce am by de Speaker of de House, Rt. Hon. Prof. Mike Ocquaye.&lt;ref name=&quot;carbi&quot;/&gt; As a Cabinet minister, Mavis Hawa Koomson be part of de inner circle wey dey give de presido advice for key decision-making activities insyd de country. She be rydee de Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture Development.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-09-13|title=Digitization of premix distribution; fishermen to access product with canoe ID cards|url=https://citibusinessnews.com/2021/09/digitization-of-premix-distribution-fishermen-to-access-product-with-canoe-id-cards/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Citi Business News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 elections ===
Insyd de 2020 Ghanaian general elections, she win de Awutu Senya East Constituency parliamentary seat plus 57,114 votes wey edey make up 52.6% for de total votes cast wey de [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|NDC]] parliamentary candidate Phillis Naa Koryoo Okunor get 51,561 votes wey edey make 47.5% for de total votes cast,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary Results for Awutu-senya East |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=78 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=www.ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; de GUM parliamentary candidate Hanson Ishmael Amuzu get 0 vote wey edey rep 0.0% of de total votes cast, de CPP parliamentary candidate Addy Ishmael gey 0 vote wey edey make 0.0% of de total votes cast, de GCPP parliamentary candidate Peter Kwao Lartey get 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast den de UPP parliamentary candidate Mohammed Issah Al-Marzuque get 0 vote wey dey make 0.0% for de total votes cast.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=FM |first=Peace |title=2020 Election - Awutu Senya East Constituency Results |url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/awutu_senya_east/ |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Committee ===
Koomson be a member of de Business Committee.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
== Controversy ==
Insyd July 2020, Hawa Koomson breach security laws den fire gunshots into a crowd of citizens who den in de process of registering for de controversial voters ID card.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-07-22 |title=NPP must sanction Hawa Koomson – Peace Council condemns Kasoa shooting |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/npp-must-sanction-hawa-koomson-peace-council-condemns-kasoa-shooting/ |access-date=2020-07-23 |website=MyJoyOnline. |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hawa Koomson: Minister fires gun at registration centre, 4 arrested|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/hawa-koomson-minister-fires-gun-at-registration-centre-4-arrested.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dis incident occurr insyd Kasoa. De Minister claim dem inform am of foreigners wey come from different towns make dem register insyd ein constituency. She regard dis as a threat to ein party ein victory insyd de upcoming elections. De Minister claim dat de act be in self-defense because she feel threaten. She respond to de invitation of de CID for de police insyd de Central region. Ein gun dem retrieve by de Central Regional police. De license covering de weapon wey dem retrieve am wen she report give de police insyd [[Cape Coast]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Police retrieve Hawa Koomson's gun|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-police-retrieve-hawa-koomson-s-gun.html|access-date=2020-07-25|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Personal life ==
She bi Christian den she marry with three kiddies.&lt;ref&gt;http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2595&lt;/ref&gt;

== Philanthropy ==
She introduce ein annual soccer competition wey dem call am de Kasoa MP's Cup wey dem go play among de youth insyd ein constituency.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.myjoyonline.com/hawa-koomson-opens-kasoa-championship/&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2021, Koomson construct a church hall give de Bethel Methodist Church insyd Kasoa.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/hawa-koomson-hands-over-church-hall-to-kasoa-bethel-methodist-church/&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology</title>
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      <text bytes="6305" sha1="5mt73hbnkolt61vc77jq8bidjg8oad5" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology''' anaa '''MMUST''', formerly Western University College of Science and Technology, be non-profit public university insyd [[Kenya]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cue.or.ke/index.php/status-of-universities-universities-authorized-to-operate-in-kenya-1 &quot;Commission for University Education - Status Of Universities (Universities Authorized to Operate in Kenya) - Status Of Universities (Universities Authorized to Operate in Kenya)&quot;]. ''www.cue.or.ke''. Retrieved 2020-05-25.&lt;/ref&gt; Dem name de varsity after Masinde Muliro, Kenyan politician wey help found de institution. E approximately get 25,000 students across ein branches: Main Campus (Kakamega Town) den ein two satellite campuses, Webuye [https://web.archive.org/web/20240526102814/https://kenyadmission.com/mmust-webuye-campus/ Campus] den Bungoma [https://web.archive.org/web/20240526102814/https://kenyadmission.com/mmust-bungoma-campus/ Campus].

== History ==
MMUST cam turn fully accredited public varsity insyd 2007. Before dem elevate go full varsity status, na ebe constituent college of [[Moi University]]. Na dem establish de school insyd January 1972, dem know am as Western College anaa WECO, college of Arts den Applied Sciences wey dey award certificates den diplomas insyd technical courses.

For 2002 insyd e cam turn constituent college of Moi University wey dem change ein name go Western University College of Science and Technology. Dem open de varsity to de community make dem use ein resources e.g. de library den oda facilities.

Ein Vice Chancellor, currently just end ein 5-year term, Prof. Fredrick Otieno. Prof. Joseph Bosire dey for acting capacity top. De current Vice Chancellor be Prof. Solomon Shibairo.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220516192315/https://www.mmust.ac.ke/mmust/index.php/about-us/vice-chancellors-message3 &quot;Mmust Vice Chancellors&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Academics ==
MMUST dey offer 400 different academic programmes for de undergraduate den graduate levels across ein 11 schools. De schools den departments dey include:

* Agric., Vet., Science &amp; Tech.;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230321072125/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/savet/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''SAVET''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Art &amp; Social Sciences;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220319233826/https://www.mmust.ac.ke/schools/sass/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''SASS''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Business &amp; Economics;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230830044101/https://www.mmust.ac.ke/schools/sobe/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''School of Business and Economics''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Computing &amp; Informatics;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230604111050/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sci/ &quot;School of Computing and Informatics&quot;]. ''School of Computing''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Disaster Management;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230321070633/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sdmha/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''SDMHA''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Education;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230321075331/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sedu/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''SEDU''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Engineering &amp; de Built Environment;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230321084045/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sebe/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''School of Engineering''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Medicine;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230922203023/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/som/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''School of Medicine''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Natural Sciences;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220319233611/https://www.mmust.ac.ke/schools/sonas/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''School of Science''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Nursing &amp; Midwifery;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230321082018/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sonmaps/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''Quality Assurance''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Public Health;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230604112517/https://mmust.ac.ke/schools/sphbst/ &quot;Home&quot;]. ''Public Health''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ISO Certification ==
ISO 9001:2015  Quality Management System&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mmust.ac.ke/schools/sonas/index.php/component/content/article/92-iso-certification-updates/151-iso-certification-updates &quot;ISO Certification Updates as of October 2018&quot;]. ''www.mmust.ac.ke''. Retrieved 2023-01-28.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Accreditations ==

=== Institutional Accreditation ===
Commission for University Education of Kenya&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cue.or.ke/index.php?option=com_accreditedinstitutions&amp;view=university&amp;Itemid=253 &quot;Commission for University Education&quot;]. ''www.cue.or.ke''. Retrieved 2022-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;

TVET Authority

=== Oda Specialized anaa Programmatic Accreditations ===

* Engineers Board of Kenya (EBK)&lt;ref&gt;Kenya, Engineers Board of. [https://ebk.go.ke/accredited-engineering-programs-in-kenya/ &quot;Accredited Engineering Programs in Kenya&quot;]. ''Engineers Board of Kenya''. Retrieved 2022-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Kenya Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board (KMPDB)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-09-20-masinde-muliro-medical-school-finally-accredited/ &quot;Masinde Muliro medical school finally accredited&quot;]. ''The Star''. Retrieved 2022-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (AACN)
* Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB International)
* Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs (AANA).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.4icu.org/reviews/12290.htm &quot;Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology | Ranking &amp; Review&quot;]. ''www.4icu.org''. Retrieved 2022-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Memberships den Affiliations ==

* Inter-University Council for East Africa (IUCEA)
* Association of African Universities (AAU)
* African Institute of Capacity Development (AICAD);World Association of Industrial and Technological Research Organizations (WAITRO)
* Institute of Directors Kenya
* Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU)
* International Association of University Presidents (IAUP)
* African Council for Distance Education (ACDE)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.4icu.org/reviews/12290.htm &quot;Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology | Ranking &amp; Review&quot;]. ''www.4icu.org''. Retrieved 2022-09-14.&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Public universities]]
[[Category:Universities insyd Kenya]]
[[Category:1972 establishments insyd Kenya]]
[[Category:Technical universities den colleges]]
[[Category:Universities den colleges dem establish insyd 1972]]</text>
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    <title>Rocky Dawuni</title>
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'''Rocky Dawuni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-05-09|title=Rocky Dawuni music, videos, stats, and photos|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Rocky+Dawuni|access-date=2023-11-07|website=Last.fm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;''' be [[Ghana|Ghanaian]] singer, four-time Grammy-nominee,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theafricandream.net/africans-in-grammy-2023-nominations/|title=as of 2023 Rocky became a three-time Grammy Nominee|publisher=theafricandream.net|accessdate=11 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=COOMSON|first=NANA KWESI|date=2024-11-11|title=Rocky Dawuni earns 4th Grammy nomination in 67th edition|url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/rocky-dawuni-earns-4th-grammy-nomination-in-67th-edition/|access-date=2024-11-11|website=The Ghanaian Chronicle|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; songwriter den record producer wey perform ein signature ''''Afro Roots'''' sound wey ebi mixture of Reggae, Afrobeats, Highlife den Soul music. Rydee, he dey live between Ghana den [[United States]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|title='Ghana's Bob Marley' spreads message of brotherhood|date=23 August 2011|publisher=CNN|accessdate=9 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rocky be musician den activist.

== Music career ==
Dawuni gey acquainted plus Reggae insyd Ghana wen he hear say some military band dey performe one of Bob Marley ein compositions insyd Michel Camp; a military barracks where he grow up.

Dawuni start ein annual &quot;Independence Splash&quot; festival, wey he dey hold am insyd Ghana on Ghanaian Independence Day, March 6.

Dawuni rydee gey eight full-length album records. Ein sixth studio album wey he title am '''Branches of The Same Tree''' wey dem nominate am for Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album insyd December 2015 for de 58th Annual Grammy Awards, he release am on 31 March 2015 wey emake am de first nominee from ein home country of Ghana. Songlines Magazine name am de Branches of Same Tree album insyd demma top 10 most essential reggae albums of all time.

Inspire by de soulful beats of Fela Kuti den Bob Marley, de album dey highlighte Dawuni ein ability to communicate uplifting messages to de hear of millions.

'''Beats of Zion''', de 2019 album by Rocky, wey he release am on January 25 bi ein precursor to ein 7th studio album wey san dey bear de same title den dey feature Ghana ein dancehall star, [Stonebwoy]. De last video for de albums bi &quot;Champion Arise&quot;, wey dem name am &quot;Top Tune of the Day&quot; on demma premier National Public Radio Station KCRW.

Insyd June 2019 Rocky release ein new single &quot;Modern Man&quot;, wey Gaudi remix am. Ein 8th studio release, '''Voice of Bunbon, Vol. 1''' dem nominate am during de Grammy Award for Best Global Music Album insyd demma 64th Annual Grammy Awards, wey dey make Rocky a multi-Grammy nominee in 2022. Three music videos wey dem release am for de EP including &quot;Ghost Town&quot;, wey dem shot by photographer Casey Bridges (son of actor Beau Bridges). De music video &quot;Beautiful People&quot; from de album dem shot am insyd Rocky ein home village of Bunbon by Ghanaian cinematographer, Slingshot.

Rocky release de music video for ''Woara'' (wey edey translate as &quot;you or it's you&quot; insyd Twi) insyd September 2021. He sing insyd de local [[Akan people|Akan]] dialect, Twi. ''Woara'' bi love song wey he dey call den response style how he go express de beauty de triumph of being insyd love.

Insyd 2022, Dawuni gey ein third Grammy nomination, thus de '''Best Global Music Performance''' for ein work “Neva Bow Down” wey edey feature Blvk H3ro. He gey two previous nominations insyd 2015 den 2021.

Insyd 2024, he release a new single wey dem call am 'Rise'

== Activism den Goodwill ==
De musician den activist wey dem know am to straddle de boundaries between Africa, de Caribbean den de U.S. to create sounds wey edey unite generations den cultures wey edey works to foster global peace. Dawuni share stage plus [[Stevie Wonder]], Peter Gabriel, Bono, Jason Mraz, Janelle Monáe den John Legend, among many others. CNN name am as one of Africa ein Top 10 global stars.

Dawuni ein stature as a cultural diplomat den successful melding of music den activism ebi dat wey lead am to become a spokesperson give various global causes. He bi United Nations Goodwill Ambassador for Africa for UN Environment den he bi a Global Ambassador give de UN Foundation ein Clean Cooking Alliance alongside actress Julia Roberts den Chef José Andrés.

Dem namem Rocky de Global Ambassador give de '''World Day of African and Afrodescendant Culture''' wey UNESCO recognize am, through which dem use ein music to shine a light on crucial issues wey dey face humanity across de globe.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Event Name
!Role
!Year
|-
|Adinkra International Arts &amp; Crafts Festival (GEPA) 2024
|Brand Ambassador, Speaker &amp; Performer
|2024
|-
|African Youth Conference, Accra, Ghana
|Speaker
|2024
|-
|United Nations Environmental Assembly (UNEA), Nairobi, Kenya
|Speaker/Performer
|2024
|-
|COP28 Dubai, UAE
|Speaker &amp; Performer
|2023
|-
|Accra Reparations Conference 2023
|Performer
|2023
|-
|Swiss Embassy Recycling &amp; Upcycling Event, Accra, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|Italian Embassy IRENA Action for Climate Event, Accra, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|AMCEN Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|World Environment Day, Abidjan, Cote’Ivoire 2023
|Performer / Panelist
|2023
|-
|International Concert Against Racism, Salvador Bahia, Brazil 2023
|Performer / Speaker
|2023
|-
|Earth Day Beach Clean Up, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|International Concert Against Racism, Costa Rica 2023
|Speaker / Performer
|2023
|-
|UNEP Celebration of World Ocean Day, June 2022 (virtual)
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|United Nations Environment Assembly, Nairobi, Kenya March 2022
|Speaker / Performer
|2022
|-
|Launch of Diaspora Flag for Sixth Region of Africa, Accra, Ghana February 2022
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|World Day of African &amp; Afrodescendant Culture, Accra, Ghana January 2022
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|COP26, Scotland, UK October 2021
|Ambassador
|2021
|}

== Discography ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Album
!Year
|-
|The Movement
|1996
|-
|Crusade
|1998
|-
|Awakening
|2001
|-
|Book of Changes
|2005
|-
|Hymns for the Rebel Soul
|2010
|-
|Branches of The Same Tree
|2015
|-
|Beats of Zion
|2019
|-
|Voice of Bunbon Vol. 1
|2020
|}

== Videography ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Director
!Ref
|-
|2010
|''Walk The Talk''
| -
|
|-
|2010
|''African Reggae Fever''
|
|
|-
|2010
|''Download The Revolution''
|
|
|-
|2015
|''Nairobi''
|
|
|-
|2015
|''African Thriller''
|
|
|-
|2017
|''Shine a Light''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Beats of Zion''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Elevation''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Champion Arise''
|
|
|-
|2022
|Neva Bow Down
|Slingshot
|
|-
|2023
|''Shade Tree''
|Ema Ribeiro
|
|}

== Music featured in movies ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Soundtrack
!Movie title
!Movie Genre
|-
|Shine a Light
|Fist Fight
|Comedy
|}

== Music featured on television ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Track
!TV Program
!TV Station
|-
|Wake the Town
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Jammin Nation
|Weeds
|Showtime
|-
|Jah Be For Us
|Weeds (TV series)
|Showtime
|-
|Shashemane
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Jah Be For Us
|Dexter (TV series)
|Showtime
|-
|Knockin on Heaven's Door
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Turn it Up
|Animal Kingdom
|TNT (U.S. TV network)
|-
|Burn One
|Animal Kingdom
|TNT (U.S. TV network)
|}

== Music featured on video games ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Track
!EA Games
!Year
|-
|African Thriller
|''2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil''
|2014
|-
|Reggae Carnival Style
|''The Sims 3: Island Paradise''
|2013
|-
|African Soccer Fever
|''2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa''
|2010
|-
|Download the Revolution
|''FIFA 10''
|2009
|-
|The One
|''The Sims 2: Castaway''
|2008
|-
|Wake Up the Town ''ft. Nana Ama x Shee''
|''FIFA 08''
|2007
|}

== External links ==

* [https://rockydawuni.com/ Official Website]
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/RockyDawuniMusic Official Youtube Page]

== References ==

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Ghanaian male singers]]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Ghanaian Rastafarians]]
[[Category:21st-century Ghanaian male singers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:Ghanaian reggae musicians]]</text>
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'''Rocky Dawuni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-05-09|title=Rocky Dawuni music, videos, stats, and photos|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Rocky+Dawuni|access-date=2023-11-07|website=Last.fm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;''' be [[Ghana|Ghanaian]] singer, four-time Grammy-nominee,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theafricandream.net/africans-in-grammy-2023-nominations/|title=as of 2023 Rocky became a three-time Grammy Nominee|publisher=theafricandream.net|accessdate=11 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=COOMSON|first=NANA KWESI|date=2024-11-11|title=Rocky Dawuni earns 4th Grammy nomination in 67th edition|url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/rocky-dawuni-earns-4th-grammy-nomination-in-67th-edition/|access-date=2024-11-11|website=The Ghanaian Chronicle|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; songwriter den record producer wey perform ein signature ''''Afro Roots'''' sound wey ebi mixture of Reggae, Afrobeats, Highlife den Soul music. Rydee, he dey live between Ghana den [[United States]].&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/23/rocky.dawuni.ghana.reggae/|title='Ghana's Bob Marley' spreads message of brotherhood|date=23 August 2011|publisher=CNN|accessdate=9 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rocky be musician den activist.

== Music career ==
Dawuni get acquainted plus Reggae insyd Ghana wen he hear say some military band dey perform one of Bob Marley ein compositions insyd Michel Camp;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Rocky grew up in Michel Camp, Ghana|url=http://www.katc.com/clip/12388196/festival-international-friday-at-1000|publisher=katc.com|accessdate=26 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; a military barracks wer na he grow up.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot; /&gt;

Dawuni start ein annual &quot;Independence Splash&quot; festival, wey he dey hold am insyd Ghana on Ghanaian Independence Day, March 6.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot; /&gt;

Dawuni rydee get eight full-length album records.&lt;ref name=&quot;cnn&quot; /&gt; Ein sixth studio album wey he title am '''Branches of The Same Tree''' wey dem nominate am for Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album insyd December 2015 for de 58th Annual Grammy Awards,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Branches of the Same Tree album|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/branches-of-the-same-tree/id963525098|publisher=iTunes|accessdate=10 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; he release am on 31 March 2015 wey emake am de first nominee from ein home country of Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-in-historic%E2%80%8B-nomination-for-58th%E2%80%8B-grammy/|title=Rocky nominated for a Grammy|publisher=theafricandream.net|accessdate=26 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Songlines Magazine name am de Branches of Same Tree album insyd demma top 10 most essential reggae albums of all time.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Roots Reggae Albums {{!}} The Essential 10|url=https://www.songlines.co.uk/features/essential-10/roots-reggae-albums-the-essential-10|access-date=2022-06-27|website=Songlines|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Inspire by de soulful beats of [[Fela Kuti]] den Bob Marley, de album dey highlight Dawuni ein ability to communicate uplifting messages to de hear of millions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rocky Dawuni|url=https://www.cumbancha.com/rockydawuni|access-date=2022-06-27|website=Cumbancha|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Beats of Zion''', de 2019 album by Rocky, wey he release am on January 25&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2019 single release|url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-2019-single-beats-of-zion/|publisher=TheAfricanDream.net|accessdate=26 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; be ein precursor to ein 7th studio album wey san dey bear de same title den dey feature Ghana ein dancehall star, [&lt;nowiki/&gt;[[Stonebwoy]]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2019 album|url=https://www.theafricandream.net/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-album-ft-stonebwoy-sarkodie-alika-wiyaala/|publisher=TheAfricanDream.net|accessdate=3 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Beats of Zion|url=https://www.popmatters.com/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-2626635597.html|publisher=PopMatters|accessdate=26 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Beats of Zion album|url=https://medium.com/@doctorradic/premiere-rocky-dawuni-unveils-wickedest-sound-ft-stonebwoy-d4595c1af29e|publisher=PopMatters|accessdate=22 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-01-22|title=Rocky Dawuni Aims to Re-energize the Forces of Love and Hope on “Beats of Zion” (premiere), PopMatters|url=https://www.popmatters.com/rocky-dawuni-beats-of-zion-2626635597.html|access-date=2022-06-28|website=PopMatters|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; De last video for de albums be &quot;Champion Arise&quot;, wey dem name am &quot;Top Tune of the Day&quot; on demma premier National Public Radio Station KCRW.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-06-30|title=Rocky Dawuni: “Champion Arise” {{!}} Today's Top Tune|url=https://www.kcrw.com/music/shows/todays-top-tune/rocky-dawuni-champion-arise|access-date=2022-06-27|website=KCRW|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rocky Dawuni 'Champion Arise' video premiere|url=https://www.music-news.com/news/UK/131690/Read|access-date=2022-06-28|website=Music-News.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd June 2019 Rocky release ein new single &quot;Modern Man&quot;, wey Gaudi remix am. Ein 8th studio release, '''Voice of Bunbon, Vol. 1''' dem nominate am during de Grammy Award for Best Global Music Album insyd dema 64th Annual Grammy Awards, wey dey make Rocky a multi-Grammy nominee in 2022. Three music videos wey dem release am for de EP including &quot;Ghost Town&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIGe4-YjWWQ Rocky Dawuni &quot;Ghost Town&quot;]'', retrieved 2022-06-28&lt;/ref&gt; wey dem shot by photographer Casey Bridges (son of actor Beau Bridges). De music video &quot;Beautiful People&quot; from de album dem shot am insyd Rocky ein home village of Bunbon by Ghanaian cinematographer, Slingshot.

Rocky release de music video for ''Woara'' (wey edey translate as &quot;you or it's you&quot; insyd Twi) insyd September 2021. He sing insyd de local [[Akan people|Akan]] dialect, Twi. ''Woara'' be love song wey he dey call den response style how he go express de beauty de triumph of being insyd love.&lt;ref&gt;''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQbuYWSXzsU Rocky Dawuni &quot;Woara&quot;]'', retrieved 2022-06-28&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2022, Dawuni get ein third Grammy nomination, thus de '''Best Global Music Performance''' for ein work “Neva Bow Down” wey edey feature Blvk H3ro. He get two previous nominations insyd 2015 den 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwafor|date=2023-01-22|title=Sheila O fetes Grammy nominees, Tobe Nwigwe, Rocky Dawuni|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/sheila-o-fetes-grammy-nominees-tobe-nwigwe-rocky-dawuni/|access-date=2023-01-31|website=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Francis-Pitt|first=K'Shema|date=2023-01-30|title=Who will win the Grammy for Best Reggae Album?|url=https://www.iriefm.net/who-will-win-the-grammy-for-best-reggae-album/|access-date=2023-01-31|website=IrieFm|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Insyd 2024, he release a new single wey dem call am 'Rise'.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Debrah|first=Ameyaw|date=2024-08-30|title=ROCKY DAWUNI UNVEILS BRAND NEW SINGLE ‘RISE’ - AmeyawDebrah.com|url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/rocky-dawuni-unveils-brand-new-single-rise/#google_vignette|access-date=2024-09-01|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Rocky Dawuni (2024-08-30). ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=U3_wwa5NbCKI7UDo&amp;v=yODw0Ep2Cag&amp;feature=youtu.be Rocky Dawuni &quot;Rise&quot;]''. Retrieved 2024-10-10 – via YouTube.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Activism den Goodwill ==
De musician den activist wey dem know am to straddle de boundaries between Africa, de Caribbean den de U.S. to create sounds wey edey unite generations den cultures wey edey works to foster global peace. Dawuni share stage plus [[Stevie Wonder]], Peter Gabriel, Bono, Jason Mraz, Janelle Monáe den John Legend, among many others. CNN name am as one of Africa ein Top 10 global stars.

Dawuni ein stature as a cultural diplomat den successful melding of music den activism ebi dat wey lead am to become a spokesperson give various global causes. He bi United Nations Goodwill Ambassador for Africa for UN Environment den he bi a Global Ambassador give de UN Foundation ein Clean Cooking Alliance alongside actress Julia Roberts den Chef José Andrés.

Dem namem Rocky de Global Ambassador give de '''World Day of African and Afrodescendant Culture''' wey UNESCO recognize am, through which dem use ein music to shine a light on crucial issues wey dey face humanity across de globe.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Event Name
!Role
!Year
|-
|Adinkra International Arts &amp; Crafts Festival (GEPA) 2024
|Brand Ambassador, Speaker &amp; Performer
|2024
|-
|African Youth Conference, Accra, Ghana
|Speaker
|2024
|-
|United Nations Environmental Assembly (UNEA), Nairobi, Kenya
|Speaker/Performer
|2024
|-
|COP28 Dubai, UAE
|Speaker &amp; Performer
|2023
|-
|Accra Reparations Conference 2023
|Performer
|2023
|-
|Swiss Embassy Recycling &amp; Upcycling Event, Accra, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|Italian Embassy IRENA Action for Climate Event, Accra, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|AMCEN Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|World Environment Day, Abidjan, Cote’Ivoire 2023
|Performer / Panelist
|2023
|-
|International Concert Against Racism, Salvador Bahia, Brazil 2023
|Performer / Speaker
|2023
|-
|Earth Day Beach Clean Up, Ghana 2023
|Speaker
|2023
|-
|International Concert Against Racism, Costa Rica 2023
|Speaker / Performer
|2023
|-
|UNEP Celebration of World Ocean Day, June 2022 (virtual)
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|United Nations Environment Assembly, Nairobi, Kenya March 2022
|Speaker / Performer
|2022
|-
|Launch of Diaspora Flag for Sixth Region of Africa, Accra, Ghana February 2022
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|World Day of African &amp; Afrodescendant Culture, Accra, Ghana January 2022
|Speaker
|2022
|-
|COP26, Scotland, UK October 2021
|Ambassador
|2021
|}

== Discography ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Album
!Year
|-
|The Movement
|1996
|-
|Crusade
|1998
|-
|Awakening
|2001
|-
|Book of Changes
|2005
|-
|Hymns for the Rebel Soul
|2010
|-
|Branches of The Same Tree
|2015
|-
|Beats of Zion
|2019
|-
|Voice of Bunbon Vol. 1
|2020
|}

== Videography ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Director
!Ref
|-
|2010
|''Walk The Talk''
| -
|
|-
|2010
|''African Reggae Fever''
|
|
|-
|2010
|''Download The Revolution''
|
|
|-
|2015
|''Nairobi''
|
|
|-
|2015
|''African Thriller''
|
|
|-
|2017
|''Shine a Light''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Beats of Zion''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Elevation''
|
|
|-
|2019
|''Champion Arise''
|
|
|-
|2022
|Neva Bow Down
|Slingshot
|
|-
|2023
|''Shade Tree''
|Ema Ribeiro
|
|}

== Music featured in movies ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Soundtrack
!Movie title
!Movie Genre
|-
|Shine a Light
|Fist Fight
|Comedy
|}

== Music featured on television ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Track
!TV Program
!TV Station
|-
|Wake the Town
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Jammin Nation
|Weeds
|Showtime
|-
|Jah Be For Us
|Weeds (TV series)
|Showtime
|-
|Shashemane
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Jah Be For Us
|Dexter (TV series)
|Showtime
|-
|Knockin on Heaven's Door
|ER
|NBC
|-
|Turn it Up
|Animal Kingdom
|TNT (U.S. TV network)
|-
|Burn One
|Animal Kingdom
|TNT (U.S. TV network)
|}

== Music featured on video games ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Track
!EA Games
!Year
|-
|African Thriller
|''2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil''
|2014
|-
|Reggae Carnival Style
|''The Sims 3: Island Paradise''
|2013
|-
|African Soccer Fever
|''2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa''
|2010
|-
|Download the Revolution
|''FIFA 10''
|2009
|-
|The One
|''The Sims 2: Castaway''
|2008
|-
|Wake Up the Town ''ft. Nana Ama x Shee''
|''FIFA 08''
|2007
|}

== External links ==

* [https://rockydawuni.com/ Official Website]
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/RockyDawuniMusic Official Youtube Page]

== References ==

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Ghanaian male singers]]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Ghanaian Rastafarians]]
[[Category:21st-century Ghanaian male singers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:Ghanaian reggae musicians]]</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Databox|item=Q4701067}} '''Akinobu Okada''' (dem born am born 25 November 1957), san so be know as '''Donden''', be Japanese professional baseballer. Dem born Akinobu for 1957 for [[Osaka]] wey dey Central Region for [[Japan]] insyd. [[Category:Human]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Akinobu Okada''' (dem born am born 25 November 1957), san so be know as '''Donden''', be Japanese professional baseballer. Dem born Akinobu for 1957 for [[Osaka]] wey dey Central Region for [[Japan]] insyd.
[[Category:Human]]</text>
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    <title>Category:Ghanaian women insyd politics</title>
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    <id>10088</id>
    <revision>
      <id>42483</id>
      <timestamp>2024-11-12T11:30:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DaSupremo</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fresh category</comment>
      <origin>42483</origin>
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  <page>
    <title>Justin Bieber</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10089</id>
    <revision>
      <id>42489</id>
      <timestamp>2024-11-12T11:58:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tenaciuos Ntaawa</username>
        <id>1645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Dey create fresh article</comment>
      <origin>42489</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3005" sha1="djl5c4xt1ce8361l1zn4wwpeuubumrv" xml:space="preserve">'''Justin Drew Bieber''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|iː|b|ər}} {{Respell|BEE|bər}}; born March 1, 1994)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/justin-bieber-522504|title=Justin Bieber Biography|work=[[The Biography Channel]]|publisher=[[A+E Networks]]|access-date=July 6, 2013|archive-date=August 5, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805012411/https://www.biography.com/musician/justin-bieber|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://inogolo.com/pronunciation/d1963/Justin_Bieber | title = Inogolo – English Pronunciation Guide to the Names of People, Places, and Stuff – Justin Bieber | access-date = January 31, 2015 | archive-date = March 6, 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120306162808/http://inogolo.com/pronunciation/d1963/Justin_Bieber | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; be a Canadian &lt;!-- Per [[Talk:Justin Bieber#RFC: Describing Bieber]], consensus was reached to NOT list &quot;songwriter&quot; or &quot;multi-instrumentalist&quot;. Please respect that consensus. --&gt;singer. As dem dey regard him as a [[pop icon]], dem dey recognize him for his multi-genre musical performances.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/pop-icon-justin-bieber-announces-2022-concert-in-tel-aviv/|title=Pop icon Justin Bieber announces 2022 concert in Tel Aviv|website=The Times of Israel|language=en|access-date=December 13, 2023|archive-date=November 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122030030/https://www.timesofisrael.com/pop-icon-justin-bieber-announces-2022-concert-in-tel-aviv/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://vocal.media/beat/justin-bieber-the-musical-odyssey-of-a-pop-icon|title=Justin Bieber: The Musical Odyssey of a Pop Icon|website=vocal.media|language=en|access-date=December 13, 2023|archive-date=December 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213165214/https://vocal.media/beat/justin-bieber-the-musical-odyssey-of-a-pop-icon|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/news/justin-bieber-justice-peaches-sound-evolution-albums-2022-grammys|title=Justin Bieber's Sonic Evolution: How He Transformed From Bubblegum Pop Heartthrob To Mature, Genre-Melding Artist|last=Weatherby|first=Taylor|date=April 1, 2022|website=GRAMMY.com|language=en|access-date=May 2, 2022|archive-date=November 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221106173202/https://www.grammy.com/news/justin-bieber-justice-peaches-sound-evolution-albums-2022-grammys|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; He be dey discover by American record executive [[Scooter Braun]] insyd 2008 ein subsequently brought to American singer [[Usher (musician)|Usher]], both of whom dey form de record label [[RBMG Records]] to sign Bieber insyd October of dat year. He dey gain recognition following de release of his debut [[extended play]] (EP) ''[[My World (Justin Bieber EP)|My World]]'' (2009), which dey quickly meet plus international commercial success ein e dey lead to his establishment as a [[teen idol]]. 

== References ==</text>
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