Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 0 3035 548012 547479 2024-11-28T23:00:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548012 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Fayil:Cucurbita_2011_G1_Large.jpg|thumb| Daban-daban na kabewa cultivars. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na tsakiya da dama sune ''[[Kabewa|Cucurbita pepo]]'', duk sauran su ne ''Cucurbita maxima'']] '''Kabewa''' ita ce shukar ciyawar hunturu a cikin jinsin ''Cucurbita'' . An fi amfani da kalmar zuwa zagaye, nau'in kabewa masu launin lemu, amma ba shi da ma'anar kimiyya. Ana iya amfani da shi dangane da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ''cucurbita'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Horticulture Questions and Answers |url=http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/help-for-the-home-gardener/advice-tips-resources/gardening-help-faqs.aspx?questionid=274&afmid=4462 |website=Garden Help FAQ |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]]}}</ref> Ana tsammanin amfani da kalmar "kabewa" ya samo asali ne daga New England a Arewacin Amirka, an samo shi daga kalmar guna, ko kalmar asali don zagaye. Ana amfani da kalmar a wasu lokuta tare da " squash " ko "squash na hunturu", kuma ana amfani da ita don wasu cultivars na ''Cucurbita argyrosperma'', ''Cucurbita ficifolia'', ''Cucurbita maxima'', ''Cucurbita moschata'', da ''[[Kabewa|Cucurbita pepo]]'' . ''C. pepo'' pumpkins suna cikin sanannun tsire-tsire na gida, tare da shaidar noman su tsakanin 7000 KZ da 5500 KZ. Dabbobin daji na ''Cucurbita'' da na farko na cikin gida sun fito ne daga [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]] (sassan arewa maso gabashin [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] da kudancin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ), amma yanzu ana girma da cultivars a duniya don kayan abinci, kayan ado, da wasu dalilai na musamman na al'adu. <ref name="illinoisext">{{Cite web |last=Wolford |first=Ron |last2=Banks |first2=Drusilla |year=2008 |title=Pumpkins and More |url=http://urbanext.illinois.edu/pumpkins/ |access-date=February 19, 2008 |publisher=University of Illinois Extension}}</ref> Harsashi mai kauri na kabewa yana ƙunshe da tsaba masu cin abinci da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Pumpkin kek wani yanki ne na gargajiya na Abincin Godiya a Kanada da Amurka kuma ana yawan amfani da kabewa azaman kayan ado na lokacin kaka kuma an sassaƙa su azaman jack-lanterns don ado a kusa da Halloween. Kayan kabewa gwangwani na kasuwanci da cikawa yawanci ana yin su ne da nau'ikan kabewa daban-daban daga waɗanda aka yi nufin amfani da su na ado.[1] == Etymology da terminology == A cewar ƙamus na Turanci na Oxford, kalmar Ingilishi ''ta'' samo asali ne daga kalmar tsohuwar Girka ta {{Lang|grc|πέπων}}</link> ( romanized {{Transl|grc|pepōn}} ), ma'ana 'guna'. <ref name="oed">{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Pumpkin |url=https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=pumpkin |access-date=22 October 2020 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper Ltd}}</ref> <ref name="paris1989">{{Cite journal |last=Paris |first=Harry S. |year=1989 |title=Historical Records, Origins, and Development of the Edible Cultivar Groups of ''Cucurbita pepo'' (Cucurbitaceae) |journal=[[Economic Botany]] |publisher=New York Botanical Garden Press |volume=43 |issue=4 |pages=423–443 |bibcode=1989EcBot..43..423P |doi=10.1007/bf02935916 |jstor=4255187 |s2cid=29052282}}</ref> A karkashin wannan ka'idar, kalmar ta canza ta hanyar kalmar [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] {{Lang|la|peponem}}</link> da kalmar {{Lang|frm|pompon}} ta Tsakiya ta Faransa</link> zuwa ga {{Lang|enm|pompion}} Turanci na Farko na Zamani</link> , wanda Turawan mulkin mallaka na Ingila na karni na 17 suka canza zuwa ''kabewa'', jim kadan bayan da suka ci karo da kabewa a lokacin da suka isa yankin arewa maso gabashin Amurka a yanzu. <ref name="oed" /> Akwai wani tsari na daban da aka tsara don ''kabewa'' daga kalmar Massachusett {{Lang|wam|pôhpukun}}</link> , ma'ana 'girma zagaye'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fun With Words |url=https://www.wlrp.org/fun-with-words |access-date=22 October 2020 |website=Wôpanâak Language Reclamation Project}}</ref> Mutanen Wampanoag (waɗanda ke magana da {{Lang|wam|Wôpanâak}} sun yi amfani da wannan kalmar</link> yaren Massachusett) lokacin gabatar da kabewa ga Mahajjata Turanci a Plymouth Colony, wanda ke [[Massachusetts]] a yau. ( ''Kalmar'' ta Ingilishi ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Massachusett, an fassara ta daban-daban azaman {{Lang|wam|askꝏtasquash}}</link> , {{Lang|wam|ashk8tasqash}}</link> , ko, a cikin yaren Narragansett mai alaƙa, {{Lang|xnt|askútasquash}}</link> .) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of Squash |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/squash |access-date=22 October 2020 |website=Merriam-Webster Dictionary}}</ref> Masu bincike sun lura cewa kalmar ''kabewa'' da kalmomin da ke da alaƙa kamar ''ayote'' da ''calabaza'' ana amfani da su a kan kewayon ciyawar hunturu masu girma da siffa. Kalmar ''kabewa'' a wasu lokuta ana amfani da ita don kabewa cultivars na nau'in ''Cucurbita moschata'' . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andres |first=T.C. |date=2004 |title=Diversity in tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata): cultivar origin and history |url=https://cucurbit.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cuc2004proceedings.pdf#page=113 |journal=Progress in Cucurbit Genetics and Breeding Research}}</ref> == Bayani == [[Fayil:Cross_section_of_pumpkin.jpg|thumb| Sashin ketare na ''Cucurbita maxima'' kabewa]] 'Ya'yan itacen kabewa nau'in berry ne da aka sani da pepo . Halayen da aka saba amfani da su don ayyana kabewa sun haɗa da fata mai santsi da ɗan haƙarƙari <ref name="UFlor">{{Cite web |title=Pumpkins in Florida |url=http://solutionsforyourlife.ufl.edu/hot_topics/lawn_and_garden/pumpkins.html |publisher=[[Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences]]}}</ref> da zurfin rawaya zuwa launin lemu, {{R|UFlor}} ko da yake fari, kore, da sauran launukan kabewa suma suna wanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 26, 2005 |title=White Pumpkins Hit the Halloween Market |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna9827573 |access-date=October 9, 2013 |publisher=NBC News |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Yayin da ''[[Kabewa|cucurbita pepo]]'' pumpkins gabaɗaya suna yin nauyi tsakanin {{Convert|6|and|18|lb|kg|0}}, manyan kabewa na iya wuce tonne a cikin taro. <ref name="borrell">{{Cite web |last=Borrell, Brenda |date=October 2011 |title=The Great Pumpkin |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-great-pumpkin-74423844/?no-ist=&page=1 |access-date=October 31, 2016 |publisher=The Smithsonian Institution}}</ref> <ref name="heaviest">{{Cite web |last=Bruno Waterfield |date=2021-10-01 |title=Belgian Mario Vangeel hopes to squash Italian's giant pumpkin record at world championship |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/belgian-hopes-to-squash-italians-giant-pumpkin-record-htzdnvq0w |access-date=2021-10-25 |website=The Times}}</ref> Yawancin nau'ikan ''C. maxima'' ne waɗanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar ƙoƙarin [[Botany|ƙungiyoyin tsirrai]] da manoma masu kishi. <ref name="borrell" /> Mafi yawan cultivars akai-akai suna kai nauyi sama da {{Convert|75|lb|kg|0}} ku. A cikin Oktoba 2023, an saita rikodin don kabewa mafi nauyi a 1,246.9&nbsp;kg (2,749&nbsp;lbs.). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=Pumpkin weighing 2,749 pounds wins contest and sets world record for biggest gourd |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/pumpkin-weighing-2749-pounds-wins-contest-sets-world-record-biggest-go-rcna119649 |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi ==   Tsohuwar shaidar ''[[Kabewa|Cucurbita pepo]]'' ita ce gutsutsayen kabewa da aka samu a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] waɗanda aka yi kwanan watan tsakanin 7,000 zuwa 5,500.&nbsp;BC <ref name="Mass">{{Cite web |title=Pick a Pumpkin from Massachusetts |url=https://blog.mass.gov/blog/living-in-massachusetts/pick-a-pumpkin-from-massachusetts-this-october/ |website=Mass.gov |publisher=Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources}}</ref> Kabewa da sauran nau'ikan kabewa, tare da [[masara]] da [[wake]], suna cikin tsarin dasa shuki ' yan'uwa mata uku da yawancin al'ummomin Arewacin Amurka ke yi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mt.Pleasant |first=Jane |date=2016-11-10 |title=Food Yields and Nutrient Analyses of the Three Sisters: A Haudenosaunee Cropping System |url=https://ojs.ethnobiology.org/index.php/ebl/article/view/721 |journal=Ethnobiology Letters |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=87–98–87–98 |doi=10.14237/ebl.7.1.2016.721 |issn=2159-8126 |s2cid=67774658 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Koyaya, manyan kabewa na zamani galibi ana cire su, saboda nauyinsu na iya lalata sauran amfanin gona. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title=Plant a Three Sisters Garden: Corn, Beans, and Squash {{!}} The Old Farmer's Almanac |url=https://www.almanac.com/content/three-sisters-corn-bean-and-squash |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=www.almanac.com |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekaru da yawa bayan da Turawa suka fara mulkin mallaka a Arewacin Amirka, an buga misalai na kabewa irin na zamani na zamani Small Sugar kabewa da Connecticut Field kabewa a Turai. == Noma == Kabewa shuka ne mai dumi-dumi da ake shukawa a farkon watan Yuli a Arewacin Hemisphere. Kabewa na buƙatar zafin ƙasa {{Convert|3|in|cm|0}} zurfin aƙalla {{Convert|15.5|C|F|0}} da kuma cewa ƙasa tana riƙe da ruwa da kyau. Noman kabewa na iya wahala idan babu ruwa, saboda yanayin zafi kasa da {{Convert|65|F|C|0}}, ko kuma idan an girma a cikin ƙasa wanda ya zama ruwan sama. A cikin waɗannan yanayi, ana ɗaukar kabewa da ƙarfi, kuma ko da an cire ganye da yawa na itacen inabi ko kuma sun lalace, shuka zai iya girma da sauri na biyu don maye gurbin abin da aka cire. <ref name="psu">{{Cite web |last=Astill |first=Gregory |year=2018 |title=Pumpkins: Background & Statistics |url=https://www.ers.usda.gov/newsroom/trending-topics/pumpkins-background-statistics/ |access-date=December 2, 2018 |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service}}</ref> Kabewa suna samar da furen namiji da na mace, tare da hadi da ƙudan zuma galibi ke yin su. <ref name="psu"/> A cikin Amurka, kudan zuma na asali, ''Peponapis pruinosa'', sun lalata kabewa a tarihi, amma wannan kudan zuma ya ƙi, watakila wani ɓangare na maganin kashe qwari ( imidacloprid ) hankali. <ref name="williams">{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Roger |year=2009 |title=Effects of imidacloprid-based Insecticides on the Native Cucurbit Pollinator, ''Peponapis pruinosa'' |url=http://projects.ipm.gov/ProjectDetails.cfm?project_ID=749 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028112305/https://projects.ipm.gov/ProjectDetails.cfm?project_ID=749 |archive-date=October 28, 2018 |access-date=September 15, 2013 |publisher=US Interagency IPM Projects}}</ref> Kudan zuma na tushen ƙasa, irin su ƙudan zuma na squash da bumblebee na gabas, sun fi dacewa don sarrafa manyan ƙwayoyin pollen da kabewa ke haifarwa. <ref name="canto">{{Cite journal |last=Canto-Aguilar |first=M.L. |last2=Parra-Tabla |first2=V. |year=2000 |title=Importance of Conserving Alternative Pollinators: Assessing the Pollination Efficiency of the Squash Bee, ''Peponapis limitaris'' in ''Cucurbita moschata'' (Cucurbitaceae) |journal=Journal of Insect Conservation |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=201–208 |bibcode=2000JICon...4..201C |doi=10.1023/A:1009685422587 |s2cid=9891755}}</ref> <ref name="tepedino">{{Cite journal |last=Tepedino |first=V. J. |date=April 1981 |title=The pollination efficiency of the squash bee (''Peponapis pruinosa'') and the honey bee (''Apis mellifera'') on summer squash (''Cucurbita pepo'') |journal=Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=359–377 |jstor=25084168}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar hive ɗaya a kowace kadada (kadada 0.4, ko amya biyar a kowace kadada 2). Idan akwai rashin isassun kudan zuma don pollination, masu lambu na iya yin amfani da pollinate . Kabewan da ba su da kyau yakan fara girma amma sun kasa girma. === Production === {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:12em; text-align:center;" |+Samar da kabewa<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> <small>2022, (miliyoyin tan)<br /><br /><br /><br /></small><nowiki></br></nowiki> |{{CHN}}</img>{{CHN}} | 7.3 |- |</img> Ukraine | 1.1 |- |</img> Rasha | 1.1 |- |</img> Amurka | 1.0 |- |{{MEX}}</img>{{MEX}} | 0.7 |- |{{ESP}}</img>{{ESP}} | 0.7 |- | '''Duniya''' | '''22.8''' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | <small>Source: FAOSTAT na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]]</small> <ref name="faostat">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Pumpkin production in 2022 (includes squash and gourds), Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists) |url=http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC |access-date=31 August 2024 |publisher=UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT)}}</ref> |} A cikin 2022, samar da kabewa a duniya (ciki har da kabewa da gourds) ya kai tan miliyan 23, yayin da China ke lissafin kashi 32% na jimillar. Ukraine, Rasha, da Amurka kowanne ya samar da kusan tan miliyan daya. <ref name="faostat"/> ==== A Amurka ==== [[Fayil:Pumpkin_Patch_(Winchester,_Oregon).jpg|thumb| Facin kabewa a Winchester, Oregon]] A matsayin ɗayan shahararrun amfanin gona a Amurka, a cikin 2017 sama da {{Convert|1.5|e9lb|e6kg}} na kabewa aka samar. <ref name="psu"/> [[Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka|Jihohin]] da ke samar da kabewa sun haɗa da [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], da [[California]] . <ref name="illinoisext"/> Kabewa ita ce squash ta jihar [[Texas]] . A cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Illinois, kashi 95 cikin 100 na amfanin gonar Amurka da aka yi niyya don sarrafawa ana noman su ne a Illinois. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Illinois Department of Agriculture |date=October 22, 2004 |title=Illinois Leads Nation in Pumpkin Production |url=http://www.agr.state.il.us/newsrels/r1022041.html}}</ref> Lalle ne, kashi 41 cikin 100 na yawan amfanin gona na kabewa ga duk amfanin ya samo asali ne a cikin jihar, fiye da sau biyar na mafi kusa da fafatawa a gasa, California, wanda masana'antun kabewa ke tsakiya a cikin San Joaquin Valley ; kuma mafi yawansu sun fito ne daga kananan hukumomi biyar da ke tsakiyar jihar. <ref name="wherethepumpkinsgrow">{{Cite web |last=Ramos |first=Elliot |date=October 22, 2021 |title=Map: Where America's pumpkins come from |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/map-where-america-s-pumpkins-come-n1281963 |access-date=October 31, 2021 |website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Nestlé, yana aiki a ƙarƙashin sunan alamar Libby's, yana samar da kashi 85 na kabewa da aka sarrafa a Amurka a masana'antar su a Morton, Illinois . A cikin kaka na 2009, ruwan sama a Illinois ya lalata noman kabewa na Libby, wanda, tare da rashin ƙarfi na 2008 amfanin gona da ke raguwar ajiyar wannan shekarar, ya haifar da ƙarancin da ya shafi ƙasar baki ɗaya a lokacin hutun godiya. Wani rashi, wanda ba shi da ɗan ƙaranci, ya shafi amfanin gona na 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |title=News - Pumpkin shortage in the U.S. has Canada to the rescue - The Weather Network |url=https://www.theweathernetwork.com/news/articles/pumpkin-shortage-in-the-us-has-canada-to-the-rescue/58621/ |website=www.theweathernetwork.com |access-date=2024-11-28 |archive-date=2024-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619140333/https://www.theweathernetwork.com/news/articles/pumpkin-shortage-in-the-us-has-canada-to-the-rescue/58621/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Here's What Happened to the Great Pumpkin Shortage of 2015 |url=https://fortune.com/2015/11/26/thanksgiving-pumpkin-shortage/ |website=Fortune}}</ref> Noman kabewa a yammacin Amurka, wanda ya ƙunshi kusan kashi uku zuwa huɗu na amfanin gona na ƙasa, ana noma shi ne da farko don kasuwar ƙwayoyin cuta . Terry County, Texas, yana da ƙwararren masana'antar kabewa, wanda ya fi mayar da hankali kan ƙananan kabewa. <ref name="wherethepumpkinsgrow"/> Manomin Illinois Sarah Frey ana kiranta "Sarauniyar Kabewa ta Amurka" kuma tana sayar da kabewa kusan miliyan biyar a shekara, galibi don amfani da ita azaman Jack-o-lanterns. == Abinci mai gina jiki == A cikin {{Convert|100|g}} adadin, danyen kabewa yana samar da {{Convert|26|kcal|kJ}} na makamashi na abinci kuma shine kyakkyawan tushe (20% ko fiye da darajar Daily, DV) na provitamin A beta-carotene da bitamin A (47% DV) (tebur). [[Vitamin C]] yana cikin matsakaicin abun ciki (10% DV), amma babu wasu ma'adanai da ke cikin adadi mai yawa (kasa da 10% DV, tebur). Kabewa shine 92% ruwa, 6.5% carbohydrate, 0.1% mai da furotin 1% (tebur). == Amfani == === Dafa abinci === [[Fayil:Pumpkin-Pie-Whole-Slice.jpg|right|thumb| Pumpkin kek shine sanannen hanyar shirya kabewa]] [[Fayil:Roasted_pumkin.jpg|right|thumb| Gasasshen kabewa]] Yawancin sassan shukar kabewa ana ci, gami da harsashi na jiki, tsaba, ganye, da furanni. Idan ya girma, ana iya dafa kabewar, ko tururi, ko gasa shi. ==== Harsashi da nama ==== A Arewacin Amirka, kabewa wani ɓangare ne na girbi na kaka na gargajiya, ana cinye su da gasashe, kamar kabewa da aka daka kuma a cikin miya da burodin kabewa . Pumpkin kek wani al'ada ne na al'ada na bukukuwan godiya na Kanada da Amurka. Pumpkin purée wani lokaci ana shirya shi kuma a daskare shi don amfani daga baya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Roberts |first=Tammy |title=Many uses for pumpkin |url=http://missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut199.htm |website=MissouriFamilies |publisher=University of Missouri Extension |access-date=2024-11-28 |archive-date=2020-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200823222346/http://missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut199.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==== Fure-fure ==== [[Fayil:Pumpkin_flower.jpg|right|thumb| Furen kabewa, ɗaya daga cikin sassan shukar da ake ci]] Ana kuma cin ganyen kabewa a [[Zambiya|kasar Zambiya]], inda ake kiransa {{Transl|my|chibwabwa}} ana dafa shi a dafa shi da man gyada a matsayin abinci a gefe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pumpkin Leaves Chibwabwa |url=http://www.fao.org/in-action/inpho/resources/cookbook/detail/en/c/862/ |access-date=March 30, 2017 |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]]}}</ref> ==== Tsaba ==== [[Fayil:Pumpkin_Seeds_(matured).jpg|thumb| Kabewa tsaba (balagagge)]] Kwayoyin kabewa, kuma aka sani da ''pepitas'', suna da wadataccen abinci da abinci mai gina jiki. Su kusan 1.5 ne&nbsp;cm (0.5&nbsp;a) dogo, lebur, mai asymmetrically m, launin kore mai haske kuma yawanci farar husk yana rufe shi, kodayake wasu nau'ikan kabewa suna samar da tsaba ba tare da su ba. Kwayoyin kabewa sanannen abun ciye-ciye ne da za a iya samun su a dunkule ko kuma a kai a kai a shagunan abinci. Kowane oza hidima, kabewa tsaba ne mai kyau tushen gina jiki, magnesium, jan karfe da kuma [[zinc]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nutrition facts for pumpkin seeds, whole, roasted, without salt |url=http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/nut-and-seed-products/3141/2 |access-date=September 1, 2012 |website=SELF Nutritiondata |publisher=[[Condé Nast Publications]]}}</ref> Man kabewa mai kauri ne da ake matse shi daga gasasshen tsaba wanda ya bayyana ja ko kore a launi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kreft |first=S. |last2=Kreft |first2=M. |year=2007 |title=Physicochemical and physiological basis of dichromatic colour |journal=Naturwissenschaften |volume=94 |issue=11 |pages=935–939 |bibcode=2007NW.....94..935K |doi=10.1007/s00114-007-0272-9 |pmid=17534588 |s2cid=33069967}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kaernbach |first=C. |last2=Dörre |first2=C. |year=2006 |title=On the color of transparent substances, in Current Psychological Research in Austria |url=http://www.uni-kiel.de/psychologie/emotion/team/kaernbach/lehre/bio/kaernoel.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Proceedings of the 7th Scientific Conference of the Austrian Psychological Society (ÖGP) |location=Klagenfurt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091104031033/http://www.uni-kiel.de/psychologie/emotion/team/kaernbach/lehre/bio/kaernoel.pdf |archive-date=November 4, 2009}}</ref> Idan aka yi amfani da shi wajen dafa abinci ko a matsayin miya, ana haɗa man kabewa da sauran mai saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ɗanɗanon sa. Man iri na kabewa ya ƙunshi fatty acid kamar su oleic acid da alpha-linolenic acid . <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Oil Pumpkins: Niche for Organic Producers |url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu07/pdfs/bavec185-189.pdf |access-date=September 2, 2012 |website=Issues in new crops and new uses |publisher=Purdue University Agriculture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qgdua74opr282pdjiz6jwy2snock7a7 0 4049 547620 483864 2024-11-28T17:59:55Z Wikiabdull 29964 Nayi gyara 547620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:TurnulChindiei.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Hasumiyar Chindiei, Romaniya]] [[File:Winter_2008.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Postăvarul Massif]] [[File:Flag_of_Romania.svg|thumb|right|250px|Tutar Romainiya.]] [[File:Bucuresti, Romania. Bulevardul Magheru, 19 Aprilie 2020. Interdictie CORONAVIRUS.jpg|thumb|cikin birnin kasar Romaniya]] [[File:14. Bucharest, Romania. Pumpkin Fest. Primul Festival de Halloween din Romania. Oct. 2019 (Artisti in devenire).jpg|thumb|wasu daga cikin dumbin al'ummar romaniya a bukukuwan al'ada]] [[File:Romania in European Union (-rivers -mini map).svg|thumb|tawirar romaniya]] '''Romainiya''' ko '''Romeniya'''<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/academy/ha/articles/art20150306130417116 Sunayen Ƙasashe da Manyan Birane], ''BBC''.</ref> ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar [[Turai]]. Babban birnin ƙasar Hungariya [[Bukarest]] ne. Romainiya tana da yawan fili kimani na kilomita arabba'i {{formatnum:238397}}. Romainiya tana da yawan jama'a {{formatnum:19401658}}, bisa ga jimilla a shekarar 2019. Romainiya tana da iyaka da ƙasashen biyar: [[Bulgeriya]] a Kudu, [[Ukraniya]] a Arewa, [[Hungariya]] a Yamma, [[Serbiya]] a Kudu maso Yamma, da [[Moldufiniya]] a Gabas. Romainiya ta samu yancin kanta a shekara ta 1859. Daga shekara ta 2014, shugaban ƙasar Romainiya shine [[Klaus Iohannis]]. Firaministan ƙasar Romainiya Ludovic Orban ne daga shekara ta 2019. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Biblioteca_Central_de_la_Universidad_de_Bucarest,_Bucarest,_Ruman%C3%ADa,_2016-05-29,_DD_97-99_HDR.jpg|Central University Library File:Muzeul_de_Arta_curte.jpg|National Art Museum of Romania File:View_from_the_Palace_of_Parliament_in_Bucharest.jpg|București File:Bucharest_1868.JPG|Bucharest, 1868 File:Bucharest_-_Royal_Palace_Square_(28712196360).jpg|Bucharest, Royal Palace Square File:Bgiusca_Caragiale_statuie.jpg|Mutum-mutumin Bgiusca Caragiale File:Statie_Metrou_-_Titan.jpg|Statie Metrou Titan File:Romania_(orthographic_projection).svg|Taswirar Duniya: Na nuna Kasar Romaniya da launi kore File:OltRiver.jpg|Kogin Olt File:Galati_-_zona_portului_vechi.jpg|Galati File:TurnulChindiei.jpg|Hasumiyar Chindiei </gallery> == Manazarta == <references/> {{Turai}} {{stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Romainiya}} [[Category:Ƙasashen Turai]] k1139st149aoi2hl8f7hbolao7mw9o0 0 4197 547589 495697 2024-11-28T16:54:35Z Adamu mohammed3284 29226 Nahi Gyara 547589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Chuba Akpom Celebrates (11814293105).jpg|thumb|Dan wasan kwallon kafa ne]] [[Fayil:Chuba Akpom (10456074555).jpg|thumb|Chuba Akpom]] [[Fayil:Chuba Akpom vs West Brom (9778105204).jpg|thumb|Shahararran dan wasan kwallon kafa ]] [[Fayil:QPR vs Boro.jpg|thumb|Filin wasa]] [[Fayil:ChubaAkpom2024.jpg|thumb|Nasah photos ]] '''Chuba Akpom''' (An haife shi a shekara ta 1995) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Chuba_Akpom_(cropped).jpg File:Chuba_Akpom_(8708375686).jpg|Chuba a yayin wasa File:ChubaAkpom2024.jpg|Chuba </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Akpom, Chuba}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] mgta7ht619kb0wag8gppb00lxuqeiko 0 7430 547644 474630 2024-11-28T18:27:37Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kumasi''' birni ne, da ke a yankin Ashanti, a ƙasar [[Ghana]]. Kumasi yana da yawan jama'a 2,069,350, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2013. An gina birnin Kumasi a shekara ta 1680. <gallery> File:Kumasi_international_airport.jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na kasa, Kumasi File:Kumasi_Metropolis_(KMA)_Health_Facilities_Map.png|Taswirar birnin Kumasi File:A_busy_monday_in_Kumasi.jpg|Kumasi File:KSB_building_in_KNUST.jpg|KSB building Kumasi File:Ghana_National_Cultural_Centre.jpg|National Cultural Center, Ghana File:Eco_Spot.jpg|Eco Spot File:Harmattan_seson_in_Kumasi.jpg|Lokacin sanyi, Kumasi Kumasi Post Office 02.jpg|Kumasi Post Office File:A_busy_monday_in_Kumasi.jpg|Wayewar gari ranar Monday a a Kumasi File:Akwasidae_Celebration_in_Manhyia_Palace.jpg|Murnar Akwasidae a Fadar Manhiya File:Ashanti_chief,_Kumasi,_Ghana.jpg|Sarkin kabilun Ashanti a Kumasi File:Brass_beads,Ghana.jpg|Beads na brass daga Kumasi </gallery> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kumasi}} [[Category:Biranen Ghana]] p0g9c8o6g6crxbnv9ig57wblngg72tp 547645 547644 2024-11-28T18:27:57Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kumasi''' birni ne, da ke a yankin Ashanti, a ƙasar [[Ghana]]. Kumasi yana da yawan jama'a 2,069,350, bisa ga jimillar shekarar 2013. An gina birnin Kumasi a shekara ta 1680. <gallery> File:Kumasi_international_airport.jpg|Filin jirgin Sama na kasa, Kumasi File:Kumasi_Metropolis_(KMA)_Health_Facilities_Map.png|Taswirar birnin Kumasi File:A_busy_monday_in_Kumasi.jpg|Kumasi File:KSB_building_in_KNUST.jpg|KSB building Kumasi File:Ghana_National_Cultural_Centre.jpg|National Cultural Center, Ghana File:Eco_Spot.jpg|Eco Spot File:Harmattan_seson_in_Kumasi.jpg|Lokacin sanyi, Kumasi Kumasi Post Office 02.jpg|Kumasi Post Office File:A_busy_monday_in_Kumasi.jpg|Wayewar gari ranar Monday a a Kumasi File:Akwasidae_Celebration_in_Manhyia_Palace.jpg|Murnar Akwasidae a Fadar Manhiya File:Ashanti_chief,_Kumasi,_Ghana.jpg|Sarkin kabilun Ashanti a Kumasi File:Brass_beads,Ghana.jpg|Beads na brass daga Kumasi. </gallery> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kumasi}} [[Category:Biranen Ghana]] jsf848cff1ca8anviemnzrnlazx7ivc 0 8984 547597 493792 2024-11-28T17:04:11Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Taipei Grand Mosque - Tarawih.JPG|thumb|Mutane suna Sallah]] [[File:Ludwig Deutsch - The Morning Prayer, 1906.jpg|thumb|Kallon alƙibla wato ma'aba domin yin sallah]] [[File:Eid Prayer Dhaka 1965.jpg|thumb|Musulmai na sallah sunyi ruku'u]] [[File:Istanbul city Photos- Urban 38.jpg|thumb|Musulmai na sallah]] '''Sallah''' ("bauta", larabci ''صلاة''; jam'i. Larabci ''صلوات'' ''ṣalawāt''; ko kuma ''salat''), ko '''Namāz''' (نَماز) a wasu haraunan, yana daya daga cikin [[Rukunnan Musulunci|Rukunnan Musulunci]] biyar na imani a [[Islam]] kuma aikin [[addini]] na wajibi akan ko wane [[musulmi]] (Mace & Namiji) [[Taqwa]]. Aiki ne na [[Addu oin da Akeyi a Sujdada|Zahiri]], mental, da kuma spiritual act na bauta wanda akayin su sau biyar a rana a wadansu kayyadaddun lokuta [[Salah times|prescribed times]]. Lokacin yinsa dole [[mutum]] ya fuskanci kasar [[Makkah]]. A aika ce, mai bautan zai tsaya, zaiyi ruku'u, kuma zaiyi sujada, sannan ya kammala yayin da yake zaune a kasa.<ref>{{cite web|title = True Islam - Number of Salat|url = http://www.quran-islam.org/main_topics/islam/pillars/number_of_salat_(P1200).html|website = True Islam - Number of Salat}}</ref> A yayin ko wacce raka'a, mai bautar zai karanta wasu ayoyi daga cikin Qur'ani, da yabon Allah da kuma addu'o'i. Kalmar Sallah dai ana fassara ta da bauta, amma Kalmar na nufin addu'a ne, shiyasa ma'anar keda rikitarwa. Musulmai na amfani da Kalmar "[[du'a]]" "ambato" wurin ma'anar Kalmar addu'a wanda roko ne akeyi ko nema a wajen [[Allah]]". [[File:Mohammed and the Rise of Islam - Postures of Prayer.jpg|thumb|yadda ake gudanar da sallah kenan har zuwa sallama]] [[Fayil:SHOLAT IDUL FITRI.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Salat نماز جماعت 04.jpg|thumb|ruku u yayin salla]] Kafin ayi Sallah sai anyi [[Alwala]]. Sallah ya kunshi maimaita Abu daya ne, da akasani da ''[[SUJADAR RAFKANNUWA|raka'ah]]'' (pl. ''rakaʿāt'' ) wanda ke tattare da fadin wasu kayya daddun kalmoni da jawabai. Adadin wajibcin (''[[fard]]'') raka'o'i ''rakaʿāt'' yana tsakanin biyu ne zuwa hudu, according to the time of day or other circumstances (such as Friday congregational worship, which has two rakats). Sallah wajibi ne akan kowane musulmi face wadanda suke [[Preadolescence|prepubescent]], sukeyin [[menstruation|menstruating]], ko kuma suke zubar jini a farkon kwanaki 40 bayan haihuwa.<ref>''Multicultural Handbook of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics'', p. 43, Aruna Thaker, Arlene Barton, 2012</ref> Kowace rukuni acikin Sallah ana gabatar da itane tare da yin [[takbir]], wato fadin (Allahu Akbar) face Lokacin tsayawa tsakanin [[ruku'u]] da [[sujada]], sannan idarwa dake dauke da sallar Musulunci [[As-salamu alaykum]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=al-Hassani|first1=Abu Qanit|title=The Guiding Helper: Main Text and Explanatory Notes|date=2009|page=123}}</ref> == Salloli Biyar == [[File:Muslim_Old_man_during_Zuhr_prayers_at_Jama_Masjid.jpg|thumb| Dattijon Musulmi lokacin '''Sallar Zuhur''' a Masallacin Jama]] *Sallar Fajr (Asubahi), *Sallar Zuhr (Azahar), *Sallar Asr (La'asar), *Sallar Magrib (Martin), *[[File:Mosquée de M'sallah - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Masallaci ]]Sallar Isha (Isha'i) ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT: Sallah}} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Musulunci]] [[Category:Kalmomin larabci a Sharia]] [[Category:Kalmomin musulunci]] [[Category:Kalmomin hukunce-hukuncen Sharia]] gfj0itc2nxld2kvquj1t2fwgw3ahc90 0 9243 547686 547222 2024-11-28T19:28:18Z Maryamarh 29382 547686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Gada Shah's Shop in Mandu 02.jpg|thumb|Gada (Nijeriya)]] '''Gada,''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| ƙaramar hukuma]] ce [[Dare|dake]] a [[Jihar Sokoto]], [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]] maso [[Yamani Hafez Musa|yamman]] ƙasar [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] 3ft0zrl0lonp2uyjc3nup4heqzy5ish 0 9295 547619 370115 2024-11-28T17:58:32Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Batagarawa''' karamar [[kananan hukumomin Najeriya|hukuma]] ce a [[Katsina (jiha)|jihar Katsina a]] [[Najeriya]]. Hedkwatarta tana cikin garin Batagarawa.<ref>"Batagarawa Local Government Area". ''www.manpower.com.ng''. Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> == Tarihi == Al'ummar [[Hausawa]] ne ke zaune kuma garin babban birnin gundumar Mallamawa ne a [[Katsina (birni)|masarautar Katsina]], [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Arewa maso Yamma]]. An kafa LGA a shekarar 1991.<ref>"Batagarawa Local Government". Katsina State. Archived from the original on 2010-02-03. Retrieved 2010-03-20.</ref> Yana da yanki 433&nbsp;km2 da yawan jama'a {{Sup|2}} a kidayar shekarar 2006. Lambar gidan waya na yankin ita ce 820.<ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA". NIPOST. Archived from the original on 7 October 2009. Retrieved 2009-10-20.</ref> == Geography == Karamar hukumar Batagarawa tana da fadin kasa kimanin murabba'in kilomita 433 kuma tana da matsakaicin yanayin zafi/sanyi na {{Convert|35|C|1}} a shekara . An kiyasta karfin iska a yankin da kilomita 5 a duk bayan sa'a guda, yayin da yanayin zafi ya karu da kashi 11 cikin 100. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Ƙananan Hukumomin Jihar Katsina}} kz7biznmmsuk5jia606eb4l2tgbwtwk 0 9585 547593 473162 2024-11-28T17:00:05Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Cristiano Ronaldo, 2010.jpg|thumb|'''Cristiano Ronaldo''']] [[Fayil:Argentine - Portugal - Cristiano Ronaldo.jpg|thumb|hoton ronaldo]] [[Fayil:2016 Escultura de Cristiano Ronaldo perante o seu museo de Funchal. Madeira. Portugal-24.jpg|thumb|hoton gunkin ronaldo]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo 2, 2010.jpg|thumb|hoton Rinaldo a Madrid]] [[Fayil:2019-20 Serie A - Torino v Juventus - Cristiano Ronaldo.jpg|thumb|ronaldo a juventus]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo Signature.svg|thumb|sa hanun Rinaldo]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo (cropped).jpg|thumb|hoton ronaldo]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo with Al Nassr, 19 September 2023 - 31.jpg|thumb|hoton a saudia]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo shoots.jpg|thumb|Hoton ronaldo a training]] [[Fayil:Cristiano-ronaldo-2491446 960 720.jpg|thumb|Ronaldo]] [[Fayil:Argentine - Portugal - Cristiano Ronaldo.jpg|thumb|Cristiano Ronaldo]] '''Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairu, a shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da biyar 1985)<ref>Hamilton, Nigel (23 September 2004). ''Chisholm, Hugh (1866–1924), journalist and editor of the Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press.</ref> ya kasance shahararren ɗan'wasan [[Ƙwallon Ƙafa a Ghana|ƙwallon]] ƙafana ƙasar [[Portugal]] ne wanda a halin yanzu yake buga wasa a kulub ta [[Al nassr]] dake ƙasar [[Saudiya]].<ref>"Latest SUN Revision". ''Europhysics News''. '''19''' (7–8): 104–104. 1988. doi:10.1051/epn/19881907104. ISSN&nbsp;0531-7479.Cristiano Ronaldo - Latest News on Man Utd ace - The Sun</ref> Ana daukarsa a matsayin dan sa mafi shahara a [[duniya]] na kowanne lokaci, Wanda a yanzu haka ya lashe lamban yabo na dan wasan shekara wato [[Ballon d'Or]] har sau biyar, kuma lambar yabo ta [[European Golden Shoe]] har sau hudu, wanda yafi kowanne bature lashe kyautar,a matsayinsa na dan wasa ya lashe kofuna 32, wanda suka hada da kofunan gida guda bakwai, [[UEFA Champions League|Kofin Zakarun Turai (UEFA)]], da kuma kofin [[UEFA European Championship]] guda daya. Ronaldo ya ajiye tarihin wanda yafi kowa fara wasanni (183), kwallaye (140), wanda ya bada akaci (42) a wasannin Zakarun Turai (UEFA), ya jefa kwallaye (14) a gasar Europa Championship, kwallaye (117) wa kasarsa, sannan kuma ya buga wasannin kasa da kasa guda (191). Ronaldo na daya daga cikin tsirarun 'yan wasan kwallon kafa da suka buga wasannin fiye da guda 1,100 da kwallaye 800 a sashin kasa da kuma [[Kulab ɗin wasan ƙwallon ƙafan Abia Warriors|kulab]]. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haife shi da kuma girma a [[Madeira]], Ronaldo ya fara wasan [[Ƙwallon Ƙafa a Ghana|ƙwallon]] ƙafa tare da kungiyar Sporting CP, kafin ya rattaba hannu tare da [[Manchester]] United a shekara ta 2003, yana ɗan shekara 18, ya lashe Kofina a farkon kakar sa. ya kuma ci nasarar lashe kofunan Premier uku a jere, Champions League da FIFA [[Club Quilox|Club]] World Cup; yana dan shekara 23, ya lashe Ballon d'Or na farko. Ronaldo ya kasance mafi tsada a lokacin da ya sanya hannu a [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] a shekara ta 2009,a canja wurin da ya kai (€ 94&nbsp;miliyan) (£ 80&nbsp;million), in da ya lashe kofuna 15, ciki har da kofin La Liga biyu, Copa del Rey biyu Gasar Zakarun [[Turai]] hudu, sannan ya zama dan wasan da ya fi kowa zira kwallaye a kulob din. Har ila yau, ya gama zama na biyu na Ballon d'Or sau uku, bayan [[Messi|Lionel Messi]] (wanda ake tunanin zai zama abokin hamayyarsa, kuma ya lashe Ballons d'Or sau biyu a shekara ta 2013 da shekara ta 2014,sannan kuma a shekara 2016, da shekara ta 2017 ,A cikin shekara ta 2018, Ronaldo ya rattaba hannu ga [[Juventus]] a musayar wanda darajarsa ta kai ( € 100&nbsp;miliyan ) (£ 88&nbsp;miliyan), mafi tsada ga kulob din [[Italiya]] kuma mafi tsada ga ɗan wasa sama da shekaru talatin 30, Ya lashe kofunan Serie A guda biyu, Supercoppe Italiana biyu da Coppa Italia, kafin ya koma Manchester United a shekara ta 2021 a inda ya zauna na rabin kaka a Manchester United sannan ya rattabawa [[Al nassr]] a shekara ta 2023 a watan junairu. ([[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ([[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 08:49, 31 Mayu 2023 (UTC))<ref>"Ronaldo is coming home!". ''www.manutd.com''. Retrieved 19 November 2022.</ref> == Manazarta == ([[User:Ihayatu|Ihayatu]] ([[User talk:Ihayatu|talk]]) 08:49, 31 Mayu 2023 (UTC)) {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ronaldo, Crestiano}} [[category:Haifaffun 1985]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] r8ienl4xgg2en8ky50nr10xdcxud361 0 9635 547603 510492 2024-11-28T17:08:41Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ondo State Nigeria.png|thumb|yankin ondo a najeriya ]] [[Fayil:Ondo State Nigeria.png|thumb|Ondo ta Gabas]] '''Ondo ta Gabas''' [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukuma]] ce dake a [[jihar Ondo]] kudu maso Yammacin [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Ondo ta Gabas}} [[Category:Kananan hukumomin jihar Ondo]] pxhv7h7547921rmgh4o9hflngllvqc9 0 11614 547701 506612 2024-11-28T19:39:08Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 05.jpg|thumb|Rigar shehu musa yar'adua]] [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 06.jpg|thumb|rigar Shehu Musa yaradua]] [[File:Gen Shehu Musa Yar'Adua in Abuja 1.jpg|thumb|mai girma shehu Musa Ƴar'aduwa]] [[Fayil:Shehu Musa Yar'adua House.jpg|thumb|Gidan Shehu musa yar'adua]] [[Fayil:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 04.jpg|thumb|'''Shehu Musa Yar'adua''']] '''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua''' [[Order of the Niger|GCON]] (Maris 5, 1943 - 8 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1997) wani manjo janar ne na sojan [[Najeriya]] mai ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin [[Mataimakin shugaban Kasar Najeriya|matemakin shugaban kasa]] , haka-zalika '''Shugaban sojin najeriya''' a matakin koli, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Janar [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na shekarar alif 1976 - 1979, shehu musa yar'adua yakasance a mulkinsa <ref>https://www.rienner.com/title/Shehu_Musa_Yar_Adua_A_Biography</ref> Dan asalin jahar katsina mai hazaka da sanin ya kamata. == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Janar Shehu Ƴar’adua, Tafidan Katsina ne a cikin birnin [[Katsina]], yana da dangantaka ta jini da [[Fulani]]. Mahaifinsa, [[Musa Yar'Adua]], malami ne wanda ya zama Ministan Harkokin [[Legas]] daga shekarar 1957 zuwa shekarar 1966<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQnOr4Ke1RIC&q=Shehu+Yar%27adua+Minister+for+Lagos&pg=PA30|title=Nigerian Politics in the Age of Yar'Adua|page=30|isbn=9781908064011|author=Bayode Ogunmupe|publisher=Strategic Insight Publishing|year=2011}}</ref> a lokacin Jamhuriya ta farko ta [[Najeriya]]. Mahaifinsa ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Tafidan Katsina daga bisani aka naɗa shi '''Matawallen Katsina''' (mai adana baitulmali). Kakan Yar’Adua, Mallam Umaru, shi ma yayi sarautar Matawallen Katsina, Kakarsa ta wajen uba Malama Binta yaruwar Sarkin Katsina [[Muhammadu Dikko]] ce, ƙanin sa, [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Yar’Adua]], shima ya rike sarautar Matawallen Katsina ya kuma zama Shugaban '''tarayyar Najeriya''' a shekarar ta shekarar 2007. Masarautar Katsina ta nada dansa Murtala Yar'adua a matsayin Tafidan Katsina da Kaninsa Abdulazeez Yar'adua a matsayin Matawallen Katsina.<ref>Farris, J. W, & Bomoi, M. (2004). ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: a life of service''. Abuja, Nigeria: Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Foundation. p27</ref> Yar'Adua ya halarci makarantar sakandaren Katsina na sakiya a matakin karatu, sannan makarantar sakandaren Katsina (yanzu kwalejin gwamnatin Katsina) don karatun sakandare; a makarantar sakandire, yana aji tare da shugaban Najeriya [[Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari na yanzu]]. A kokarin mahaifinsa da abokin mahaifinsa, ministan tsaro [[Muhammadu Ribadu]], Yar'Adua ya ci jarrabawar shiga [[Jami'ar Tsaron Nijeriya|Kwalejin horar da Sojojin Najeriya]] . <ref>Farris, J. W, & Bomoi, M. (2004). ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: a life of service''. Abuja, Nigeria: Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Foundation. p27</ref> Ya ci jarabawa ne aka sa shi cikin sojoji a shekarar 1962 ya zama wani bangare na 5 na makarantar horar da sojojin Najeriya. An kara tura Yar'Adua ƙarin horo a [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] a [[Sandhurst]], [[Ingila]]. == Aikin soja == A shekarar 1964, bayan da ya dawo daga Sandhurst, aka tura Yar'Adua ga rundunar sojojin Najeriya na farko a [[Enugu]] ƙarƙashin umarnin [[Col Adekunle Fajuyi]] a matsayin mukaddashin shugaba na biyu. Daga shekarar 1964 har zuwa karshen [[yakin basasa]] na [[Najeriya]], ya rike mukamai daban-daban ciki har da kwamandan platoon a shekarar 1964, sannan daga shekarar 1965 zuwa shekarar 1966 na farko a Bataliya ta farko a [[Enugu]]. Ya kasance kwamandan bataliya a shekarar 1967, kuma a cikin shekarar 1968 ya zama Kwamandan Soja. A lokacin '''yaƙin basasa''', ya ba da umarni ga rundunar sojojin bataliya ta 6 karkashin jagorancin [[Murtala Mohammed]], kwamandan rukunin na biyu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=neKm1X6YPY0C&q=yaradua++6th+brigade&pg=PA1851|title=The International Who's Who 2004|page=1851|isbn=9781857432176|author=Europa Publications|publisher=Europa Publications|year=2003}}</ref> A watan Oktoba ne na shekarar 1967, an baiwa Yar'Adua alhakin kama [[Onitsha]] <ref>http://newswirengr.com/2014/06/01/cheta-nwanze-chronology-of-the-nigerian-civil-war-biafra/#</ref> bayan wasu rashinkokarin da rundunan sojojin Najeriya suka yi har sau biyu. Yar'Adua ya zama Laftana kanal a shekarar 1972. A shekarar 1975, ya kasance mai taka rawan gani a cikin juyin mulkin da akayi wa [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin Shugaban Kasar Najeriya. <ref>Siollun, p. 176-180.</ref> Bayan nasarar juyin mulkin, ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a gwamnatin '''Janar Murtala Mohammad'''. Kamar yadda Ministan sufuri babban aikinsa shi ne lalata [[Apapa|tashar jiragen ruwa ta Legas]] . Kafin juyin mulkin, jami’an gwamnatin da suka gabata sun ba da umarnin tan miliyan 16 na sumunti don gina shingen sojoji a cikin kasar. Kewaya, wuraren kula da tashar ba su da kyau. Tasirin hada-hadar kudade ya kara zama abin birgewa saboda gwamnatin Najeriya ta zartar da biyan kudin alakar da masu jigilar kaya ke fitarwa. Gwamnatin Mohammed ta yanke shawarar tura wasu daga cikin jigilar kayayyaki zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na makwabta tare da gabatar da kamfanonin sarrafa siminti don sharewa da sayar da siminti da gina sabon tashar jirgin ruwa ta Can Can . <ref>Farris, p. 102-103.</ref> == Shugaban Ma’aikata, Shugaban Ma’aikata == A shekarar 1976, Yar'Adua ya zama babban Shugaban Ma’aikata, Babban Shugabanci, bayan kisan Murtala Mohammed a wani juyin mulki da ya kauda Murtala. An sanya ofishin sa ya zama a matsayin mai kula da ayyukan Operation Feed the Nation, manufar [[noma]] mai dogaro da kai na sabuwar gwamnatin [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo]] . Operation Feed the Nation, wanda aka fi sani da OFN, wani yunƙuri ne na haɓaka samar da kayan gona a cikin gida, musammam amfanin gona kamar [[Shinkafa]] da [[alkama]], don haɓaka wadatar albarkatun [[abinci]] da rage ƙarancin abinci. Hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don inganta manufar sun haɗa da rarraba takaddun takin zamani da iri ga manoma, rance ga ƙananan manoma domin ba su damar siyan kayan aiki, da kuma shirin kula da [[ilimi]] wanda [[Corpers]] ke koyawa, don koyar da manoma [[makiyaya]] yadda ake amfani da kayan aikin gona na zamani. kayan aiki. ya zuwa shekara ta 1979 manufofin basu cimma burin sa na dogaro da kai ba. <ref>E.O. Arua. "Achieving food sufficiency in Nigeria through the operation 'feed the nation' programme". ''Agricultural Administration'' Volume 9, Issue 2, February 1982, Pages 91–101</ref> Yar'Adua ya kuma jagoranci kokarin kwamitin kolin soja kan sake fasalin ƙananan hukumomi wanda ya kai ga gudanar da zabukan ƙananan hukumomi a shekarar 1976. Sauye-sauyen da aka samu daga ƙarama hukuma sun cire sarakunan gargajiya daga wasu batutuwan gudanar da mulki da iyakance ikonsu game da hakkin mallaka. Gyare-gyaren sun kuma ba da izini ga ƙarama hukumar a matsayin rukuni na uku na ikon gwamnati. == Aikin siyasa == Shugaba Babangida ya fara shirin mika mulki na siyasa ne a shekarar 1987 tare da kafa Ofishin Siyasa, kuma daga baya aka gabatar da Majalisar Zartarwa don yin niyya kan wani daftarin kundin tsarin mulki. Kodayake Yar'Adua ba memba bane a majalisar, amma kuma doka ta bama wasu tsoffin 'yan siyasa dama da suyi ayyukan siyasa, abokan aikin sa wadanda suka wakilci jindadin siyasarsa a wurin taron kuma ya kasance mai himma wajen kafa kungiyoyin siyasa a lokacin canji, <ref>Larry Diamond, 1997, p. 173</ref> Yar'Adua da tawagarsa sun kafa kungiyar Jama'a ta Najeriya. <ref>Larry Diamond, 1997, p. 173</ref> Membobin sun haɗa da Babagana Kingibe, [[Atiku Abubakar]], [[Bola Tinubu]], [[Magaji Abdullahi]], Ango Abdullahi, Ahmadu Rufa'i, Yahaya Kwande, [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]], Wada Abubakar, Babalola Borishade, Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Sunday Afolabi, [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso|Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso]], MSBuhari Chief Gbazueagu N .Gbazueagu, Tony Anenih, Disu Oladipo, Haliru Kafur, Abubakar Koko, Sergeant Awuse, Titi Ajanaku, da Farouk Abdulazeez. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta haɗa kai da wasu ƙungiyoyi don kafa kungiyar Social Democratic Party of Nigeria. Ƙungiyar front da PSP, sun zama ƙungiyoyi biyu masu ƙarfi a cikin SDP. Koyaya, ƙungiyar 'Yar'aduwa tana da tsari sosai kuma yana iya cin nasarar yawancin zaɓaɓɓun mukamai a cikin SDP. <ref>Marcus G. Ajibade. Shehu Musa Yar'adua: ''The Recurring Decimal in Contemporary Politics'', p8. 1999</ref> Lokacin gudanar da zaben gwamnoni da majalisar wakilai, SDP tana da karancin lamba akan NRC . A watan Janairun shekarar 1992, Yar'Adua an daure shi a kurkuku, an daure shi saboda ya karya dokar hana wasu mutane shiga siyasa mai karfi. Ko ta yaya, an soke dokar sannan daga baya Yar'Adua ya sanar da takarar sa ta shugaban kasa. Tsarin siyasarsa na yakin neman zabe ya mamaye kasar; Yana da daraktocin kamfen na kasa, kuma kowace jiha tana da mai gudanar da kamfen dinta da kuma masu aikin yaki neman zabe. Wakilan rukunin kamfen dinsa sun hada da tsohon shugaban jam’iyyar PDP Anthony Anenih, tsohon mataimakin shugaban ƙasa [[Atiku Abubakar]], tsohon minista Dapo Sarumi, [[Bola Tinubu]], Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila da kuma Sunday Afolabi . Yar'Adua ne ke jagorantar SDP kafin a soke sakamakon. Daga baya aka gudanar da sabon zaben a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 1993 wanda [[Moshood Abiola|MKO Abiola]] ya lashe. Bayan da aka soke zaben 12 ga watan Yuni, kungiyar 'Yar'aduwa ta yi shawarwari game da batun kafa gwamnatin rikon kwarya. A watan Nuwamban shekarar 1993, aka hambarar da gwamnatin rikon-kwaryar [[Ernest Shonekan]] sannan Sani Abacha ya zama sabon Shugaban Sojan Sama. A shekarar 1994, Yar'Adua ya samu kujerar wakilci a Katsina zuwa sabon taron Kundin Tsarin Mulki na kasa. Ya kasance wakili ne na waje kuma a farkon shekarar, 1994 ya shirya taron siyasa a ofishin kungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Najeriya da ke Legas wanda ya jawo hankalin shugabannin mulkin soja wadanda suka tsare shi tsawon kwanaki hudu.<ref>Siollun, p. 176-180.</ref> [[File:Ceiling of Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Centre in Abuja.jpg|thumb|wurin taron da aka sanya sunan shehu Yaradua don tunawa da shi]] An kama ‘Yar’Adua, Obasanjo, Lawan Gwadabe da sauransu a cikin watan Maris shekarar 1995 bisa zargin su da shirya makarkashiyar juyin mulki don kifar da gwamnatin Abacha . Kotun soja ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa a shekarar 1995, bayan da ya yi kira ga gwamnatin mulkin sojan Najeriya ta Gen. [[Sani Abacha]] da majalissar zartarwar sa ta musamman don maido da mulkin farar hula . An yanke masa hukuncin rayuwa a gidan kurkuku, amma ya mutu a ranar talata ranar 8 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1997.<ref>Farris, p. 102-103.</ref> == Rayuwasa da kasuwancisa == Shehu Yar'adua ya auri Hajiya Binta a shekarar 1965, kuma suna da yara biyar, cikinsu har da Murtala Yar'Aduwa, tsohon Ministan Tsaro na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mallam Murtala Yar'Adua|url=https://yaraduafoundation.org/smyf-board-of-trustees/145-mallam-murtala-yar-adua.html|access-date=2020-10-30|website=yaraduafoundation.org|archive-date=2020-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103193622/https://yaraduafoundation.org/smyf-board-of-trustees/145-mallam-murtala-yar-adua.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Arziki == [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 19.jpg|thumb|Babban wurin taro a Abuja da aka sanya sunan shehu Yaradua don tunawa da shi]] Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, ya kafa wani kamfani mai riƙe da suna Hamada Holdings. Ya kasance wani mai saka jarine a Nijeriya reshen bankin Habib Bank . Ya kuma fara buga gidan da ake kira da Nation House Press, sannan ya buga wata gidan jarida yau da kullun wacce ake kira da suna ''Reporter .'' ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Karin karatu == * ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: Rayuwa ta Sabis'' (Lynne Rienner Pub., 2004).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-8069-36-3|978-8069-36-3]] * ''Najeriya a Biyar ta Biyar: Taimakawa don samar da zaman lafiya, Dimokiradiyya & Ci gaban Kasa'' (Attahiru M. Jega & Jacqueline W. Farris, 2010).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-978-907-7823|978-978-907-7823]] * ''Babu Arewa ko Kudu, Gabas ko Yamma: Oneaya daga cikin'' (an ''Najeriya'' (Jacqueline W. Farris wanda Mustapha Bulama ya baiyana, 2011).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-978-50349-7-4|978-978-50349-7-4]] == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://yaraduafoundation.org/about-us/profile.html/ Gidauniyar Shehu Musa 'Yar'adua] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923213708/http://yaraduafoundation.org/about-us/profile.html/ |date=2019-09-23 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yar'adua, Shehu Musa}} [[Category:Fulani yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Yan kasuwa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] [[Category:Dangin Yar'adua]] [[Category:'Yan boko]] [[Category:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Category:Janarorin Najeriya]] [[Category:'Yan Katsina]] [[Category:'Yan Najeriya Musulmai]] [[Category:Musulmai]] 0g8fzda846xusv7tnp635ovpi57hzrk 547703 547701 2024-11-28T19:40:13Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 05.jpg|thumb|Rigar shehu musa yar'adua]] [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 06.jpg|thumb|rigar Shehu Musa yaradua]] [[File:Gen Shehu Musa Yar'Adua in Abuja 1.jpg|thumb|mai girma shehu Musa Ƴar'aduwa]] [[Fayil:Shehu Musa Yar'adua House.jpg|thumb|Gidan Shehu musa yar'adua]] [[Fayil:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 04.jpg|thumb|'''Shehu Musa Yar'adua''']] '''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua''' [[Order of the Niger|GCON]] (Maris 5, 1943 - 8 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1997) wani manjo janar ne na sojan [[Najeriya]] mai ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin [[Mataimakin shugaban Kasar Najeriya|matemakin shugaban kasa]] , haka-zalika '''Shugaban sojin najeriya''' a matakin koli, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Janar [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na shekarar alif 1976 - 1979, shehu musa yar'adua yakasance a mulkinsa <ref>https://www.rienner.com/title/Shehu_Musa_Yar_Adua_A_Biography</ref> Dan asalin jahar katsina mai hazaka da sanin ya kamata. == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Janar Shehu Ƴar’adua, Tafidan Katsina ne a cikin birnin [[Katsina]], yana da dangantaka ta jini da [[Fulani]]. Mahaifinsa, [[Musa Yar'Adua]], malami ne wanda ya zama Ministan Harkokin [[Legas]] daga shekarar 1957 zuwa shekarar 1966<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQnOr4Ke1RIC&q=Shehu+Yar%27adua+Minister+for+Lagos&pg=PA30|title=Nigerian Politics in the Age of Yar'Adua|page=30|isbn=9781908064011|author=Bayode Ogunmupe|publisher=Strategic Insight Publishing|year=2011}}</ref> a lokacin Jamhuriya ta farko ta [[Najeriya]]. Mahaifinsa ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Tafidan Katsina daga bisani aka naɗa shi '''Matawallen Katsina''' (mai adana baitulmali). Kakan Yar’Adua, Mallam Umaru, shi ma yayi sarautar Matawallen Katsina, Kakarsa ta wajen uba Malama Binta yaruwar Sarkin Katsina [[Muhammadu Dikko]] ce, ƙanin sa, [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Yar’Adua]], shima ya rike sarautar Matawallen Katsina ya kuma zama Shugaban '''tarayyar Najeriya''' a shekarar ta shekarar 2007. Masarautar Katsina ta nada dansa Murtala Yar'adua a matsayin Tafidan Katsina da Kaninsa Abdulazeez Yar'adua a matsayin Matawallen Katsina.<ref>Farris, J. W, & Bomoi, M. (2004). ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: a life of service''. Abuja, Nigeria: Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Foundation. p27</ref> Yar'Adua ya halarci makarantar sakandaren Katsina na sakiya a matakin karatu, sannan makarantar sakandaren Katsina (yanzu kwalejin gwamnatin Katsina) don karatun sakandare; a makarantar sakandire, yana aji tare da shugaban Najeriya [[Muhammadu Buhari|Muhammadu Buhari na yanzu]]. A kokarin mahaifinsa da abokin mahaifinsa, ministan tsaro [[Muhammadu Ribadu]], Yar'Adua ya ci jarrabawar shiga [[Jami'ar Tsaron Nijeriya|Kwalejin horar da Sojojin Najeriya]] . <ref>Farris, J. W, & Bomoi, M. (2004). ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: a life of service''. Abuja, Nigeria: Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Foundation. p27</ref> Ya ci jarabawa ne aka sa shi cikin sojoji a shekarar 1962 ya zama wani bangare na 5 na makarantar horar da sojojin Najeriya. An kara tura Yar'Adua ƙarin horo a [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] a [[Sandhurst]], [[Ingila]]. == Aikin soja == A shekarar alif 1964, bayan da ya dawo daga Sandhurst, aka tura Yar'Adua ga rundunar sojojin Najeriya na farko a [[Enugu]] ƙarƙashin umarnin [[Col Adekunle Fajuyi]] a matsayin mukaddashin shugaba na biyu. Daga shekarar 1964 har zuwa karshen [[yakin basasa]] na [[Najeriya]], ya rike mukamai daban-daban ciki har da kwamandan platoon a shekarar 1964, sannan daga shekarar alif 1965 zuwa shekarar 1966 na farko a Bataliya ta farko a [[Enugu]]. Ya kasance kwamandan bataliya a shekarar 1967, kuma a cikin shekarar 1968 ya zama Kwamandan Soja. A lokacin '''yaƙin basasa''', ya ba da umarni ga rundunar sojojin bataliya ta 6 karkashin jagorancin [[Murtala Mohammed]], kwamandan rukunin na biyu.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=neKm1X6YPY0C&q=yaradua++6th+brigade&pg=PA1851|title=The International Who's Who 2004|page=1851|isbn=9781857432176|author=Europa Publications|publisher=Europa Publications|year=2003}}</ref> A watan Oktoba ne na shekarar 1967, an baiwa Yar'Adua alhakin kama [[Onitsha]] <ref>http://newswirengr.com/2014/06/01/cheta-nwanze-chronology-of-the-nigerian-civil-war-biafra/#</ref> bayan wasu rashinkokarin da rundunan sojojin Najeriya suka yi har sau biyu. Yar'Adua ya zama Laftana kanal a shekarar 1972. A shekarar 1975, ya kasance mai taka rawan gani a cikin juyin mulkin da akayi wa [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin Shugaban Kasar Najeriya. <ref>Siollun, p. 176-180.</ref> Bayan nasarar juyin mulkin, ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a gwamnatin '''Janar Murtala Mohammad'''. Kamar yadda Ministan sufuri babban aikinsa shi ne lalata [[Apapa|tashar jiragen ruwa ta Legas]] . Kafin juyin mulkin, jami’an gwamnatin da suka gabata sun ba da umarnin tan miliyan 16 na sumunti don gina shingen sojoji a cikin kasar. Kewaya, wuraren kula da tashar ba su da kyau. Tasirin hada-hadar kudade ya kara zama abin birgewa saboda gwamnatin Najeriya ta zartar da biyan kudin alakar da masu jigilar kaya ke fitarwa. Gwamnatin Mohammed ta yanke shawarar tura wasu daga cikin jigilar kayayyaki zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na makwabta tare da gabatar da kamfanonin sarrafa siminti don sharewa da sayar da siminti da gina sabon tashar jirgin ruwa ta Can Can . <ref>Farris, p. 102-103.</ref> == Shugaban Ma’aikata, Shugaban Ma’aikata == A shekarar 1976, Yar'Adua ya zama babban Shugaban Ma’aikata, Babban Shugabanci, bayan kisan Murtala Mohammed a wani juyin mulki da ya kauda Murtala. An sanya ofishin sa ya zama a matsayin mai kula da ayyukan Operation Feed the Nation, manufar [[noma]] mai dogaro da kai na sabuwar gwamnatin [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo]] . Operation Feed the Nation, wanda aka fi sani da OFN, wani yunƙuri ne na haɓaka samar da kayan gona a cikin gida, musammam amfanin gona kamar [[Shinkafa]] da [[alkama]], don haɓaka wadatar albarkatun [[abinci]] da rage ƙarancin abinci. Hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don inganta manufar sun haɗa da rarraba takaddun takin zamani da iri ga manoma, rance ga ƙananan manoma domin ba su damar siyan kayan aiki, da kuma shirin kula da [[ilimi]] wanda [[Corpers]] ke koyawa, don koyar da manoma [[makiyaya]] yadda ake amfani da kayan aikin gona na zamani. kayan aiki. ya zuwa shekara ta 1979 manufofin basu cimma burin sa na dogaro da kai ba. <ref>E.O. Arua. "Achieving food sufficiency in Nigeria through the operation 'feed the nation' programme". ''Agricultural Administration'' Volume 9, Issue 2, February 1982, Pages 91–101</ref> Yar'Adua ya kuma jagoranci kokarin kwamitin kolin soja kan sake fasalin ƙananan hukumomi wanda ya kai ga gudanar da zabukan ƙananan hukumomi a shekarar 1976. Sauye-sauyen da aka samu daga ƙarama hukuma sun cire sarakunan gargajiya daga wasu batutuwan gudanar da mulki da iyakance ikonsu game da hakkin mallaka. Gyare-gyaren sun kuma ba da izini ga ƙarama hukumar a matsayin rukuni na uku na ikon gwamnati. == Aikin siyasa == Shugaba Babangida ya fara shirin mika mulki na siyasa ne a shekarar 1987 tare da kafa Ofishin Siyasa, kuma daga baya aka gabatar da Majalisar Zartarwa don yin niyya kan wani daftarin kundin tsarin mulki. Kodayake Yar'Adua ba memba bane a majalisar, amma kuma doka ta bama wasu tsoffin 'yan siyasa dama da suyi ayyukan siyasa, abokan aikin sa wadanda suka wakilci jindadin siyasarsa a wurin taron kuma ya kasance mai himma wajen kafa kungiyoyin siyasa a lokacin canji, <ref>Larry Diamond, 1997, p. 173</ref> Yar'Adua da tawagarsa sun kafa kungiyar Jama'a ta Najeriya. <ref>Larry Diamond, 1997, p. 173</ref> Membobin sun haɗa da Babagana Kingibe, [[Atiku Abubakar]], [[Bola Tinubu]], [[Magaji Abdullahi]], Ango Abdullahi, Ahmadu Rufa'i, Yahaya Kwande, [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]], Wada Abubakar, Babalola Borishade, Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Sunday Afolabi, [[Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso|Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso]], MSBuhari Chief Gbazueagu N .Gbazueagu, Tony Anenih, Disu Oladipo, Haliru Kafur, Abubakar Koko, Sergeant Awuse, Titi Ajanaku, da Farouk Abdulazeez. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta haɗa kai da wasu ƙungiyoyi don kafa kungiyar Social Democratic Party of Nigeria. Ƙungiyar front da PSP, sun zama ƙungiyoyi biyu masu ƙarfi a cikin SDP. Koyaya, ƙungiyar 'Yar'aduwa tana da tsari sosai kuma yana iya cin nasarar yawancin zaɓaɓɓun mukamai a cikin SDP. <ref>Marcus G. Ajibade. Shehu Musa Yar'adua: ''The Recurring Decimal in Contemporary Politics'', p8. 1999</ref> Lokacin gudanar da zaben gwamnoni da majalisar wakilai, SDP tana da karancin lamba akan NRC . A watan Janairun shekarar 1992, Yar'Adua an daure shi a kurkuku, an daure shi saboda ya karya dokar hana wasu mutane shiga siyasa mai karfi. Ko ta yaya, an soke dokar sannan daga baya Yar'Adua ya sanar da takarar sa ta shugaban kasa. Tsarin siyasarsa na yakin neman zabe ya mamaye kasar; Yana da daraktocin kamfen na kasa, kuma kowace jiha tana da mai gudanar da kamfen dinta da kuma masu aikin yaki neman zabe. Wakilan rukunin kamfen dinsa sun hada da tsohon shugaban jam’iyyar PDP Anthony Anenih, tsohon mataimakin shugaban ƙasa [[Atiku Abubakar]], tsohon minista Dapo Sarumi, [[Bola Tinubu]], Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila da kuma Sunday Afolabi . Yar'Adua ne ke jagorantar SDP kafin a soke sakamakon. Daga baya aka gudanar da sabon zaben a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 1993 wanda [[Moshood Abiola|MKO Abiola]] ya lashe. Bayan da aka soke zaben 12 ga watan Yuni, kungiyar 'Yar'aduwa ta yi shawarwari game da batun kafa gwamnatin rikon kwarya. A watan Nuwamban shekarar 1993, aka hambarar da gwamnatin rikon-kwaryar [[Ernest Shonekan]] sannan Sani Abacha ya zama sabon Shugaban Sojan Sama. A shekarar 1994, Yar'Adua ya samu kujerar wakilci a Katsina zuwa sabon taron Kundin Tsarin Mulki na kasa. Ya kasance wakili ne na waje kuma a farkon shekarar, 1994 ya shirya taron siyasa a ofishin kungiyar 'Yan Jaridu ta Najeriya da ke Legas wanda ya jawo hankalin shugabannin mulkin soja wadanda suka tsare shi tsawon kwanaki hudu.<ref>Siollun, p. 176-180.</ref> [[File:Ceiling of Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Centre in Abuja.jpg|thumb|wurin taron da aka sanya sunan shehu Yaradua don tunawa da shi]] An kama ‘Yar’Adua, Obasanjo, Lawan Gwadabe da sauransu a cikin watan Maris shekarar 1995 bisa zargin su da shirya makarkashiyar juyin mulki don kifar da gwamnatin Abacha . Kotun soja ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa a shekarar 1995, bayan da ya yi kira ga gwamnatin mulkin sojan Najeriya ta Gen. [[Sani Abacha]] da majalissar zartarwar sa ta musamman don maido da mulkin farar hula . An yanke masa hukuncin rayuwa a gidan kurkuku, amma ya mutu a ranar talata ranar 8 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1997.<ref>Farris, p. 102-103.</ref> == Rayuwasa da kasuwancisa == Shehu Yar'adua ya auri Hajiya Binta a shekarar 1965, kuma suna da yara biyar, cikinsu har da Murtala Yar'Aduwa, tsohon Ministan Tsaro na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mallam Murtala Yar'Adua|url=https://yaraduafoundation.org/smyf-board-of-trustees/145-mallam-murtala-yar-adua.html|access-date=2020-10-30|website=yaraduafoundation.org|archive-date=2020-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103193622/https://yaraduafoundation.org/smyf-board-of-trustees/145-mallam-murtala-yar-adua.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Arziki == [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 19.jpg|thumb|Babban wurin taro a Abuja da aka sanya sunan shehu Yaradua don tunawa da shi]] Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, ya kafa wani kamfani mai riƙe da suna Hamada Holdings. Ya kasance wani mai saka jarine a Nijeriya reshen bankin Habib Bank . Ya kuma fara buga gidan da ake kira da Nation House Press, sannan ya buga wata gidan jarida yau da kullun wacce ake kira da suna ''Reporter .'' ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Karin karatu == * ''Shehu Musa Yar'Adua: Rayuwa ta Sabis'' (Lynne Rienner Pub., 2004).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-8069-36-3|978-8069-36-3]] * ''Najeriya a Biyar ta Biyar: Taimakawa don samar da zaman lafiya, Dimokiradiyya & Ci gaban Kasa'' (Attahiru M. Jega & Jacqueline W. Farris, 2010).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-978-907-7823|978-978-907-7823]] * ''Babu Arewa ko Kudu, Gabas ko Yamma: Oneaya daga cikin'' (an ''Najeriya'' (Jacqueline W. Farris wanda Mustapha Bulama ya baiyana, 2011).   [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]] &nbsp; [[Special:BookSources/978-978-50349-7-4|978-978-50349-7-4]] == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://yaraduafoundation.org/about-us/profile.html/ Gidauniyar Shehu Musa 'Yar'adua] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923213708/http://yaraduafoundation.org/about-us/profile.html/ |date=2019-09-23 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yar'adua, Shehu Musa}} [[Category:Fulani yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Yan kasuwa a Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Katsina]] [[Category:Dangin Yar'adua]] [[Category:'Yan boko]] [[Category:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Category:Janarorin Najeriya]] [[Category:'Yan Katsina]] [[Category:'Yan Najeriya Musulmai]] [[Category:Musulmai]] 73xw50im3bzun2alp37zyjdk2xt3co3 0 12642 548119 546016 2024-11-29T06:31:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}'''Ruwan Roselle''', wanda aka fi sani da '''bissap''', '''wonjo''', '''folere''', '''dabileni''', '''tsobo''', '''zobo''', '''siiloo''', ko '''soborodo''' a sassan Afirka, <ref name="infobox">{{Cite web |title=(Bissap Drink) |url=http://infoboxdaily.com/life/your-food/item/1470-sobolo-bissap-drink |access-date=19 March 2015}}</ref> karkade a Masar, '''zobo''' a cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]], da '''agua de Jamaica''' a Mexico, abin sha ne da aka yi. na furanni na [[Zobo|furen roselle]], nau'in ''Hibiscus'' . Ko da yake gabaɗaya "ruwan 'ya'yan itace" yana da daɗi da sanyi, jiko ne a zahiri kuma lokacin da aka yi zafi kuma ana iya kiransa '''shayin hibiscus''' . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=My Sobolo |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/email-from-sandra/my-sobolo.html |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Health Benefits Of Sobolo |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/health/201507/247840.php |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=www.peacefmonline.com}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=17 March 2017 |title=Reasons to drink more Sobolo |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Reasons-to-drink-more-Sobolo-519653 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Ghana Web}}</ref> == Bayani == Ruwan Roselle, wanda galibi ana sha a cikin firiji, abin sha ne mai sanyi da ake samu a yawancin ƙasashen yammacin Afirka da Caribbean. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-17 |title=GES investigates teacher's assault of student who criticised her 'sobolo' drink |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/national/ges-investigates-teachers-assault-of-student-who-criticised-her-sobolo-drink/ |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=MyJoyOnline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Woman Quits Journalism To Sell 'Sobolo' |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201612/300056.php |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=www.peacefmonline.com}}</ref> Ruwa ne mai duhu ja-purple ruwan 'ya'yan itace. [[Burkina Faso|Burkinabes]], Senegal, da Ivory Coast suna kiranta bissap, [[Ɗan Nijeriya|'yan Najeriya]] suna kiranta zobo yayin da Ghana suka kira shi Zobolo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agyeman |first=Adwoa |date=2020-02-17 |title=GES investigates teacher's assault of pupil over 'sobolo' drink |url=https://www.adomonline.com/ges-investigates-teachers-assault-of-pupil-over-sobolo-drink/ |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=Adomonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana ɗan ɗanɗanon innabi kaɗan kuma kamar ruwan 'ya'yan itacen cranberry kuma ana iya amfani da shi da ganyen mint. <ref name="infobox"/> Hakanan za'a iya ba da ita tare da kowane dandano na zaɓin mutum - wani lokaci tare da ainihin orange ko ginger, ruwan abarba, cloves, ciyawa mai shayi, vanilla, da sauran su. A [[Ghana]], [[Najeriya]], da [[Senegal]], ana shayar da ruwan roselle mai sanyi, yayin da a [[Misra|Masar kuma]], ana sha da dumin sa. <ref name=":0"/> == Amfanin lafiya == ruwan 'ya'yan itace Roselle, wanda ke aiki azaman diuretic, an nuna shi don daidaita hawan jini da rage [[Hawan jini|hauhawar jini]] . <ref name="systematic review2">{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=A. L. |last2=Lamm |first2=M. G. |last3=Funk |first3=J. L. |last4=Ritenbaugh |first4=C. |year=2013 |title=''Hibiscus sabdariffa'' L. In the treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia: A comprehensive review of animal and human studies |journal=[[Fitoterapia]] |volume=85 |pages=84–94 |doi=10.1016/j.fitote.2013.01.003 |pmc=3593772 |pmid=23333908}}</ref> Har ila yau yana da yawan [[Vitamin C|bitamin C]], don haka ana amfani dashi don magance [[mura]] da kuma inganta tsarin rigakafi . <ref name=":1"/> <ref name=":0"/> Wasu nazarin kuma sun nuna aikin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oboh |first=G. |last2=Elusiyan |first2=C. A. |date=2004 |title=Nutrient Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Sorrel Drinks (Soborodo) |journal=Journal of Medicinal Food |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=340–342 |doi=10.1089/jmf.2004.7.340 |pmid=15383229}}</ref> == Zobo == [[Fayil:Zobo_leaf_seller.jpg|thumb| Busassun ganyen hibiscus]] '''Zobo''' abin [[Abinsha|sha]] ne na gida a Najeriya. Ana yin shi daga busasshiyar ganyen hibiscus da sauran sinadaran. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-31 |title=How To Make Zobo Drink In Ten Easy Steps |url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/food/how-to-make-zobo-drink-in-ten-easy-steps/ |access-date=2022-09-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana sayar da abin sha a gidajen abinci da kan titi. Ana shayar da abin sha na Zobo a lokutan bukukuwa kuma ana iya ɗaukar shi azaman abin sha na iyali. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-02 |title=Benefits of taking Zobo |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/benefits-of-taking-zobo/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-31 |title=How To Make Zobo Drink In Ten Easy Steps |url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/food/how-to-make-zobo-drink-in-ten-easy-steps/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-16 |title=How to harness health benefits of zobo drink |url=https://dailytrust.com/how-to-harness-health-benefits-of-zobo-drink |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Daily Trust |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2021-02-18 |title=Why regular consumption of zobo drink with hypertension medication should be avoided —Expert |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/why-regular-consumption-of-zobo-drink-with-hypertension-medication-should-be-avoided-expert/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> === Dubawa === Ana yin abin sha na Hibiscus ta tafasa ganyen hibiscus tare da [[Citta|ginger]], [[tafarnuwa]] na ƙasa da awa ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-31 |title=How To Make Zobo Drink In Ten Easy Steps |url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/food/how-to-make-zobo-drink-in-ten-easy-steps/ |access-date=2022-09-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana ba da shi zafi ko sanyi dangane da yanayin yanayin wurin da aka samar da shi. Sauran sinadaran da ake amfani da su wajen yin abin sha na zobo sun hada da nutmeg, kirfa, cloves, lemun tsami, abarba da launuka na wucin gadi. Barbasar ana siffata a bar bayan ruwan zobo. Abin sha na roselle yana da ɗanɗano mai kama da ruwan 'ya'yan itacen cranberry kuma yana da launi ja na ruby. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2019-07-20 |title=How to prepare zobo drink |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/how-to-prepare-zobo-drink/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=onnaedo |date=2015-09-08 |title=How to make Zobo drink |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/diy-recipe-how-to-make-zobo-drink/9hds4es |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701101005/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/diy-recipe-how-to-make-zobo-drink/9hds4es |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-02 |title=Goodlife introduces another drink; Zobo Ginger variant - Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/promoted/514756-title-goodlife-introduces-another-drink-zobo-ginger-variant.html,%20https://www.premiumtimesng.com/promoted/514756-title-goodlife-introduces-another-drink-zobo-ginger-variant.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ana zuba abin sha na zobo a cikin kwalabe masu tsabta waɗanda za a iya rufe su don hana lalacewa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-12 |title=FIIRO has developed over 250 food processing techs, says DG |url=https://guardian.ng/features/agro-care/fiiro-has-developed-over-250-food-processing-techs-says-dg/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-23 |title=Nigerian author hawks zobo drink on the streets - Premium Times Nigeria |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/259640-nigerian-author-hawks-zobo-drink-streets.html,%20https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/259640-nigerian-author-hawks-zobo-drink-streets.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> === ''Hibiscus sabdariffa'' === Wannan shi ne babban sinadari da ake amfani da shi wajen yin abin sha na zobo, kayan lambu ne mai ganyaye mai kama da alayyahu wanda ya samo asali daga [[Afirka ta Yamma|yammacin Afirka]] . <ref>{{Cite web |others=Revised and updated by Melissa Petruzzello. |title=Roselle - plant |url=https://www.britannica.com/plant/roselle-plant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420002412/https://www.britannica.com/plant/roselle-plant |archive-date=2022-04-20 |website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]}}</ref> ''Hibiscus sabdariffa'', wanda kuma aka sani da roselle, ganye ne na shekara-shekara wanda za'a iya dasa shi a duk shekara musamman tsakanin Nuwamba da Afrilu na shekara mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-29 |title=The good and the bad sides of 'zobo' drink |url=https://punchng.com/good-bad-sides-zobo-drink/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Hibiscus sabdariffa kuma ana kiranta da alamar alayyafo, ciyawa mai tsami, ko ɗanɗano mai tsami. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2022-03-05 |title=Chilled zobo drink for the weather |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/chilled-zobo-drink-for-the-weather/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> === Sauran sunaye === Abin sha na Zobo kuma ana kiransa shayin hibiscus, abin sha na hibiscus da abubuwan sha na roselle saboda ana samun abin sha daga ganyen hibiscus. Hakanan an san shi da Chapman na gida tunda ana ƙara wasu 'ya'yan itace da launuka na wucin gadi. Saboda tsamin abin sha na zobo, ana nufin shayi mai tsami shima. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-01 |title=Goodlife Zobo Ginger drink unveiled during Showtime Friday |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/03/goodlife-zobo-ginger-drink-unveiled-during-showtime-friday/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=omotolani |date=2022-03-03 |title=7 health benefits of zobo drink (Hibiscus tea) |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/zobo-drink-7-health-benefits-of-hibiscus-tea/gmt1st3 |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> === Abubuwan kariya === Akwai nau'ikan abubuwan kiyayewa guda biyu da ake amfani da su wajen samar da shayin zobo, na halitta sune nutmeg, lemun tsami da kuma cloves waɗanda ke sa abin sha ya zama sabo. <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite journal |title=Physical and chemical preservation of zobo drink |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Effects-of-physical-and-Chemical-preservation-methods-on-Zobo-drink_tbl2_305278715 |journal=ResearchGate}}</ref> Sodium benzoate a ma'auni na 0.1% ko cakuda citric acid da magnesium sulfate su ne mahadi sunadarai da ake amfani da su wajen adana abin sha na zobo na tsawon lokaci kuma ya sa ya zama mara amfani. Abubuwan da ake kiyayewa na wucin gadi suna datse tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace don kiyaye ɗanɗanon ganyen lokacin samarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-20 |title=Making Money From Zobo Drink Production |url=https://independent.ng/making-money-from-zobo-drink-production/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |title=Preservatives in zobo drink |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305278715 |journal=ResearchGate}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Hibiscus * [[Zobo|Roselle (shuka)]] * Hibiscus shayi * [[Abincin Hausawa]] * [[Abincin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bkukh2uz3isf2chrywvcx8cl40b2ryz 0 13523 548107 448301 2024-11-29T05:44:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Toulou Kiki''' (an haife ta ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1983) jaruma kuma mawakiya yar kasar [[Nijar]] ce. An zabe ta a matsayin fitacciyar jarumar fim ta Afrika wato gasar ''Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role'' saboda fim din da tayi maisuna ''Timbuktu'' a shekarar 2014. == Tashe == A shekarar 2014 ta baiyana da suna "Satima" a fim din ''Timbuktu''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/may/28/timbuktu-review-abderrahmane-sissako-africa |title=Timbuktu review – a cry from the heart |date=2015-05-28 |website=Guardian |access-date=2017-11-11}}</ref> Fitar da ta bata damar zama shiga gasar fina-finai a [[Afrika]] gasar ''11th Africa Movie Award'' inda tayi rashin nasara a hannun ''Hilda Dokubo''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2015-queen-nwokoye-ini-edo-joselyn-dumas-battle-for-best-actress-award-id3893478.html |title=Queen Nwokoye, Ini Edo, Joselyn Dumas battle for 'best actress' award |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=2017-06-22 |website=Pulse |access-date=2017-11-11 |archive-date=2018-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418230526/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2015-queen-nwokoye-ini-edo-joselyn-dumas-battle-for-best-actress-award-id3893478.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1883]] 80j4h5b7dx9etk3btvzcp54meshx7if 0 13715 547870 534507 2024-11-28T21:33:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Ire_Aderinokun.png|200px|right|thumbnail|Ire Aderinokun]] [[File:DotCSS 2019 - Ire Aderinokun - Writing CSS in the year 3019.webm|thumb|rubutun Ire Aderinokun]] [[Fayil:Ire Aderinokun.png|thumb|Ire Aderinokun]] '''Ire Aderinokun''' (an haife ta ranar 3 ga watan Maris, 1991) a [[Legas]]. yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ce ''front end developer kuma Google developer expert.'' Ita ce mace ta farko a Nijeriya da ta zama ''Google Developer Expert.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/ire-aderinokun-the-inspiring-tech-queen/|title=Ire Aderinokun: The Inspiring Tech Queen|date=2018-03-19|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807213027/https://guardian.ng/life/ire-aderinokun-the-inspiring-tech-queen/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/02/these-5-nigerian-women-are-crushing-it-in-the-tech-space/|title=These 5 Nigerian Women Are Crushing It in the Tech Space|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2020-02-24|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/03/from-software-engineers-to-venture-capitalists-policy-makers-these-tech-women-had-the-audacity-to-pursue-their-big-dreams/|title=From Software Engineers to Venture Capitalists & Policy Makers! These Tech Women had the AUDACITY to Pursue their Big Dreams|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2019-03-28|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://womenafrica.com/ire-aderinokun-is-the-first-nigerian-woman-to-become-google-developer-expert/|title=Ire Aderinokun Is The First Nigerian Woman To Become Google Developer Expert|date=2019-04-09|website=Women Africa|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-09}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ajiboye|first=Tolu|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/aug/14/breaking-the-code-how-women-in-nigeria-are-changing-the-face-of-tech|title=Breaking the code: how women in Nigeria are changing the face of tech|date=2017-08-14|work=The Guardian|access-date=2020-03-12|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name="pulse.ng">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/17-powerful-women-who-have-shaped-nigerian-culture/qj6vx1c|title=17 powerful women who have shaped Nigerian culture|date=2019-03-06|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/504/girl-power-in-a-tech-world/|title=Girl power in a tech world|date=2018-10-02|website=The Africa Report.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == Ire daga jihar Ogun take, a Najeriya. An haife ta daga gidan Tayo da Mrs. Olunfunlola Aderinokun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://womenafrica.com/ire-aderinokun-is-the-first-nigerian-woman-to-become-google-developer-expert/|title=Ire Aderinokun Is The First Nigerian Woman To Become Google Developer Expert|date=2019-04-09|website=Women Africa|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunta na sakandare a Najeriya ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Ilimin Kimiyya na Ilimin Kimiyya daga Jami'ar Bristol. Yayin da take karatun digiri na biyu a fannin shari’a a Jami’ar Bristol, muradin ta ga kimiyyar kwamfuta ya sa ta dauki matakin yin karatu a Codeacademy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://townhall.hashnode.com/women-in-tech-ire-aderinokun-cjzjhrcqp000t66s19xikzic4|title=Women in Tech: Ire Aderinokun|website=townhall.hashnode.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://grafrica.com.ng/ire-aderinokun-nigeria-first-female-gde/|title=Meet Ire Aderinokun, Nigeria's first female Google Developer Expert|date=2017-03-05|website=Grafrica|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2021-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204044827/https://grafrica.com.ng/ire-aderinokun-nigeria-first-female-gde/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ire ne mai koyar da kansa gaban-kansa wanda ya kirkiroshi kuma mai zanen neman karamin aiki mai amfani. Ta rubuta gina rukunin yanar gizonta na farko a 13 a matsayin mai goyon baya ga Neopets inda ta koya ainihin ainihin mahimman HTML. Hakanan Ire ta gudanar da wani shafi mai suna bitsofcode, inda ta rushe kwastomomi ga sauran masu ci gaba. Ta fara amfani da yanar gizo ne a shekarar 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forcreativegirls.com/ire-aderinokun/|title=Women In UX Design: Ire Aderinokun on the Illimitable World of a Developer|last=forcreativegirls_|date=2016-09-13|website=For Creative Girls|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> Ire also runs a [[blog]] called bitsofcode, where she breaks down coding tips to other developers. She started the blog in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://techwomenlagos.com/ire/|title=Tech Women Lagos|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2020-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307120812/https://techwomenlagos.com/ire/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Ire Aderinokun ƙwararriyar masanin kimiyyar Google ce, ƙwararra ce a cikin fasaha na gaba a fasahar HTML, CSS, da Javascript.<ref name="pulse.ng"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/pulse-list-2017-the-10-most-influential-people-in-tech-this-year/z4s2bpg|title=The 10 most influential people in tech this year|date=2017-12-13|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2019-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308135504/https://www.pulse.ng/news/pulse-list-2017-the-10-most-influential-people-in-tech-this-year/z4s2bpg|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ire is also an author at techcabal<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://techcabal.com/2016/12/21/all-about-favicons-and-touch-icons/|title=Ire Aderinokun|website=TechCabal|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> Hakanan Ire mawallafiya ce a techcabal Ta shirya Frontstack, taro don front-end engineering a Najeriya sannan ta fara wani karamin tallafin karo karatu don tallafawa matan Najeriya don daukar Udacity Nanodegree a fagen da suka danganci fasaha. Ita ce tayi haɗin gwiwa da kuma Injiniya na VP na BuyCoins..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.udacity.com/2019/07/story-of-ire-aderinokum-enabling-knowledge-for-all.html|title=Story of Ire Aderinokun - Enabling knowledge for all|date=2019-07-23|website=Udacity|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> She is the co-founder and VP Engineering of BuyCoins.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ire Aderinokun|url=https://ireaderinokun.com/|website=ireaderinokun.com|access-date=2020-05-26}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aderinokun, Ire}} edhkc3njl0buswuisa4k4sisum5wk6i 0 13739 547746 526253 2024-11-28T20:26:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Akindele Olufunke Ayotunde''' (wacce aka fi saninta da '''Funke Akindele''' ) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mai shirya fina-'''finai a''' [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]].<ref name="Guardian">Funsho Akinwale, [https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/high-society/funke-akindele-gives-first-glimpse-of-her-twins/ Funke Akindele gives first glimpse of her twins] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019143836/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/high-society/funke-akindele-gives-first-glimpse-of-her-twins/ |date=2020-10-19 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]''</ref> Funke ta kasance cikin taurarin da suka yi fim din sitcom na wanda ''Iyakamta asani'' tun daga shekarar, alif 1998 zuwa 2002 kuma a shekara ta, 2009 ta sami lambar yabo ta film film Award don Mafi kyawun ressan wasan [[kwaikwayon]]. Tana taka rawa a wasan kwaikwayon ''Jenifa na Diary'', wadda aka sanya mata suna Mafi shahararrun mata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo a Wajan Zabi na Zane-zanen ''Mafificin Tsarin Mawallafin'' Afirka na shekarar, 2016.<ref name="Cable">July 18, 2016 [https://www.thecable.ng/funke-akindele-im-not-producing-yoruba-movies-now Funke Akindele: I’m not producing Yoruba movies for now], ''[[The Cable]]''</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[Fayil:Vivian's Career.jpg|thumb|Funke Akindele]] An haifi Akindele ce a ranar (24) ga watan Agusta a shekara ta alif (1977) a garin Ikorodu, jihar [[Legas]], Najeriya. <ref name="Origin">Olivia Kabir, January 2019 [https://www.legit.ng/1215364-funke-akindeles-state-origin.html Funke Akindele's state of origin Read more: https://www.legit.ng/1215364-funke-akindeles-state-origin.html], ''[[Legit.ng]]''</ref> Funke ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya uku a gurin mahaifiyarsu ('yan mata biyu da yaro guda). Mahaifiyar Akindele kwararriyar likita ce, yayinda mahaifinta tsohon Shugaban Makaranta ne da ya yi ritaya. Funke ta sami yin karatun [[Diplomat (fim)|Diploma]] ta kasa (OND) a 'Mass Communication' daga tsohuwar makarantar Gwamnatin jihar '[[Ogun]] State Polytechnic', yanzu 'Moshood Abiola Polytechnic', == Aiki == Akindele ta Faso gari ne bayan da ta yi rawar gani a Asusun Kididdigar Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (United Nation Population Fund U.N.F.P.A) -Kungiyar da ''nake Bukata ta sani'', wadda ta fara daga shekarar (1998 zuwa 2002). Funke ta buga wa Bisi, dalibar Sakandare amma kuma mai fasaha. Babban hutun Funke Akindele ta zo ne a shekarar (2008) lokacin da ta fito a fim din ''Jenifa''.   A watan Janairun a shekara ta (2018), akwai wata rigima yayinda aka ruwaito cewa Akindele za ta samu halarta na farko a Hollywood a Marvel's ''Avengers: Infinity War'' kamar yadda aka jera ta a matsayin memba na simintin a IMDb. Kafar yada labarai ta Najeriya ta ba da rahoton cewa an saita ta zuwa tauraruwar ''Infinity War'' a matsayin mai tsaron gida Dora Milaje, yayin ambato IMDb. <ref name="Sun">January 11, 2018 [https://www.sunnewsonline.com/funke-akindele-to-star-in-hollywood-movie-avengers-infinity-war/ Funke Akindele to star in Hollywood movie “Avengers: Infinity War”], ''[[The Sun (Nigeria)|Sun News]]''</ref> Bayan 'yan makonni daga baya sun sauya sunan ta tare da na wata 'yar wasan Najeriya Genevieve Nnaji, tare da bidiyon Akindele da aka nuna cewa yaudara ce. <ref name="Freeze">Nsikak Nseyen, January 16, 2018 [http://dailypost.ng/2018/01/16/hackers-uploaded-funke-akindeles-photo-avengers-cast-freeze/ How hackers uploaded Funke Akindele’s photo as Avenger’s cast – Freeze], ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''</ref> A watan Fabrairun a shekara ta (2018), an ba da rahoton cewa Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa kuma Shugaban Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa, Dakta Bukola Saraki ya shawarci Marvel Studios da ya nuna Akindele a cikin ''Infinity War.'' <ref name="AkindelePost">Nasikak Nseye, February 5, 2018[http://dailypost.ng/2018/02/05/avengers-infinity-war-saraki-makes-case-actress-funke-akindele/ ‘Avengers Infinity War’: Saraki makes case for actress, Funke Akindele], ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''</ref> A watan Yulin a shekara (2016) a wata hirar da ta yi ta ce ba ta yin rawar gani a masana'antar fim ta Yarbawa a lokacin saboda fashin teku. <ref name="Cable"/> Akindele ita ce ke jagorantar fitowar a cikin shirin Dijital wanda ake cigaba da nunawa a fim din ''Jenifa'', tare da Fisayo Ajisola, Falz, Juliana Olayode, da Aderounmu Adejumoke. Nunin wasan ya zame daga fim din ''Jenifa''. Fim din wasan kwaikwayo na shekara ta (2018) ''Moms a'' tauraruwar ''War'' Akindele da Michelle Dede. A watan Yuli na shekarar !2019) Akindele ta fara wani sabon shiri, mai suna 'Aiyetoro Town, ' wani yanki daga jerin shahararrun finafinan ta, 'Jenifa's Diary, <ref name="Pulse">July 24, 2018 [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/moms-at-war-heres-when-omoni-obolis-new-film-will-be-released-in-cinemas/mevk6zr Here's when Omoni Oboli's new film will be released in cinemas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424041723/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/moms-at-war-heres-when-omoni-obolis-new-film-will-be-released-in-cinemas/mevk6zr |date=2019-04-24 }}, ''Pulse Nigeria''</ref> Ita ce Shugaba na Kamfanin Fasaha Daya Na Fina Finan. <ref name="TheNet">Mosope Olumide, September 14, 2018 [http://thenet.ng/poverty-and-failure-funke-akindele-reveals-her-greatest-fears-in-life/ Poverty And Failure: Funke Akindele Reveals Her Greatest Fears In Life], ''[[The Net (website)|The Net]]''</ref> [[Fayil:Funke Akindele at 2021 AMA Award 01.jpg|thumb|Funke Akindele]] Ta yi na ta jagorar ne a karon farko a fim din wasan kwaikwayon siyasa na shekarar (2019) <nowiki><i id="mwZg">Mai Girma Ka</i></nowiki> . == Qaddamar da sadaka == Funke Akindele tana gudanar da wata ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da aka sani da gidauniyar Jenifa, wacce ke da niyyar samarwa da matasa ƙwararrun dabarun sana'o'i. == Amincewa == Funke Akindele tana da wasu ayyukan tallafi kamar ta sanya hannun a matsayin jakada a Irokotv. Haka nan a cikin shekara ta (2018) an sanya hannu a matsayin jakadan alama na Bankin Keystone. <ref name="Vangaurd">August 27, 2018 [https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/08/keystone-bank-signs-actress-funke-akindele-as-brand-ambassador/ Keystone Bank signs Actress, Funke Akindele as brand ambassador], ''[[Vanguard Nigeria]]''</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar (2019 ) ta sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da Waw Nigeria, kamfanin da ke kera kayayyakin wanka da sabulu. <ref name="The Nation">November 6,2019, "[[The Nation]]"</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == [[Fayil:Funke Akindele at AMVCA 2020.jpg|thumb|Funke Akindele]] A ranar (26) ga watan Mayu a shekara ta (2012) Akindele ta auri Adeola Kehinde Oloyede. Ma'auratan sun rabu a watan Yulin a shekara ta (2013) inda suka ambaci bambance-bambancen da ba za a iya warwarewa ba. Akindele ta kuma auri yar mawakin Najeriya JJC Skillz a Landan a watan Mayun shekara ta (2016). <ref>[http://sunnewsonline.com/marriage-to-funke-akindele-jjc-breaks-silence/ Marriage</ref> Jita-jita game da haihuwarta ta mamaye injin bincike na Google a watan Agusta a shekara ta (2017). <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/funke-akindeles-pregnancy-jamb-dominate-google-searches/</ref> Akindele ta haifi 'yan tagwaye a cikin watan Disamban shekarar (2018) kuma tana da 'ya'ya da yawa. <ref>http://dailypost.ng/2017/08/02/jjc-reveals-convinced-marry-funke-akindele/</ref> <ref name="Post">Fikayo Olowolagba, December 22, 2018. [http://dailypost.ng/2018/12/22/funke-akindele-welcomes-first-child-despite-pastors-prophecy/ Nollywood actress, Funke Akindele defies prophecy, welcomes twins], ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)Daily Post]]''</ref> <ref name="Legit">Seun Durojaiye, January 2019 [https://www.legit.ng/1215098-actress-funke-akindele-stuns-native-owambe-outfit.html Actress Funke Akindele stuns in native owambe outfit], ''[[Legit.ng]]''</ref> == Cece-kuce == A watan Afrilun shekara ta (2020) an kama Akindele bayan ta gudanar da bikin ranar haihuwa ga mijinta yayin kulle-kullen da aka yi don magance 'Corona virus'. Daga baya ta bayyana a cikin wani Bidiyon Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Najeriya don wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar sankarar bargo. An yanke wa ’yar wasan da mijinta hukuncin bautar da al’umma na kwanaki (14) bayan da ta amsa laifinta na keta umarnin kullen. == Fina-finai == {{Div col}} *''[[Jenifa]]'' *''[[Jenifa's Diary]]'' *''[[Your Excellency (film)|Your Excellency]]'' *''[[Maami]]'' *''Industreet'' *''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'' *''[[The Return of Jenifa|Return of Jenifa]]'' *''[[Isoken]]'' *''[[Moms at War]]'' *''[[Chief Daddy]]'' *''[[Married but Living Single]]'' *''Apaadi'' *''Emi Abata'' *''Love Wahala'' *''Ladies Gang'' *''Anointed Liars'' *''Bolode O'ku'' *''Farayola'' *''Ija Ola'' *''Aje Metta'' *''Apoti Orogun'' *''Atanpako Meta'' *''Kakaki 'leku'' *''Omo Pupa'' *''Taiwo Taiwo'' *''Akandun'' *''Baye se Nlo'' *''Edunjobi'' *''Egun'' *''Maku'' *''Oba Irawo'' *''Okun Ife Yi'' *''Agbefo'' *''Kòséfowórà'' *''Odun Baku'' *''Oreke Mulero'' *''Osuwon Edaf'' {{Div col end}} == Kyaututtuka da kuma gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" ! Shekara ! Taron ! Kyauta ! Aiki ! Sakamakon |- | rowspan="2" | 2009 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautar Afirka | Mafi kyawun Actabilar Jagora | rowspan="1" | |{{won}} |- | Kyautar Nishadi ta Najeriya a 2009 | Mafi kyawun actress | ''Jenifa'' |{{won}} |- | 2010 | 2010 Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Actress a Matsayi na Shugabanci (Yarabawa) | ''Oguni Aiku'' |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="4" | 2012 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi ta shekarar 2012 | Mafi kyawun actress | ''Troj'' |{{won}} |- | 2012 Nollywood Movie Awards | Mafi Actress ('Yan asalin) | ''Emi Abata'' |{{won}} |- | 2012 Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyau Actress (Turanci) | ''Yayi Aure amma Rayuwa Guda'' |{{nom}} |- | Kyautar Zinare ta Afirka ta Zulu | Mafi kyawun actress | ''Maami'' da ''dawowar Jenifa'' |{{won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | rowspan="2" | 2013 Nollywood Movie Awards | Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Jagoranci) | rowspan="2" | ''Maami'' |{{nom}} |- | Mafi Actress ('Yan asalin) |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2014 | Kyautar Kyautar Nishadi ta 2014 a Najeriya | Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Jagoranci) | ''Agnetta O'Mpa'' |{{won}} |- | 2014 Afirka Masu Sihiri Masu Zabi Kyautar Kyauta | Dance Dance Dance | ''Dawowar Sheri Koko'' |{{won}} |- | Kyaututtuka ELOY | Brand jakadan shekara | Omo |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/lifestyle/omoni-oboli-funke-akindele-omawumi-all-the-winners-from-the-2014-eloy-awards-id3316786.html |title=Omoni Oboli, Funke Akindele, Omawumi: All the winners from the 2014 ELOY awards - Lifestyle - Pulse |language=de|publisher=Pulse.ng |date=2014-12-01 |accessdate=2016-12-17}}</ref> |- | rowspan="6" | 2016 | Masu Zaban Masu Zaman Kira na 2016 na Afirka | Mafi kyawun actress A cikin Comedy Role | rowspan="4" | ''Rubutun Jenifa'' |{{won}} |- | Kyautar Nishadi ta Najeriya | Jerin fina-finai mafi kyau |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" | Kyautar Naija FM | Sitcom Na shekarar |{{won}} |- | Mafi kyawun actress a cikin Comedy |{{won}} |- | Labarin Wasannin Wasannin Nishadi na Afirka | Mafi kyawun Actress na shekara | |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aelaawards.com/poll-survey/ |title=Winners List - Ael Awards (Aela) |publisher=Aelaawards.com |date= |accessdate=2016-12-17 |archive-date=2018-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813222709/http://aelaawards.com/poll-survey/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2016 Gasar fina-finai na Ghana | Mafi kyawun Haɗin guiwar Afirka | ''Tafiya zuwa Jamaica'' |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/ghana-movie-awards-2016-funke-akindele-wins-best-actress-african-collaboration-id5895546.html |title=Ghana Movie Awards 2016: Funke Akindele wins best actress African collaboration - Movies - Pulse |language=de|publisher=Pulse.ng |date= |accessdate=2016-12-17}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" | 2017 | rowspan="3" | Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka | Mafi kyawun TV | rowspan="2" | ''Rubutun Jenifa'' |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2017/03/amvca-2017-see-full-list-winners/|title=AMVCA 2017: See the full list of winners|publisher=The NET |author=Adeleke Afolayan|date=4 March 2017}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun ressan wasan kwaikwayo a Fim mai ban dariya ko jerin TV |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/amvca-2017-funke-akindele-wins-best-actress-in-a-comedy-id6318252.html|title=Funke Akindele wins Best Actress in a Comedy|publisher=Pulse.Ng |author=Chidumga Izuzu|date=4 March 2017}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | ''Tafiya zuwa Jamaica'' |{{nom}} |- | 2017 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jagora |{{won}} |- | 2020 | Kyakkyawan Zabi Masu Kyautar 'Yan kallo na Afirka 2020 | Mafi kyawun Actor na Tallafi a Fim ko Series | | Ya lashe |} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Haɗin waje== * Funke Akindele on I.M.D.b [[category:Haifaffun 1976]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata]] 3q7zkctl03we36g73a0o5o9d1k89phl 0 13748 548034 482100 2024-11-29T00:17:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Lamide_Akintobi_portrait.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Lamide Akintobi]] '''Lamide Akintobi''' yar jaridar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]] ce kuma fitacciyar mai aikin jarida. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ''anchan'' a wani wasan kwaikwayo da ake kira ''The Spot'' a EbonyLife TV tare da Zainab Balogun da Ebuka Obi-Uchendu har zuwa lokacin da aka nuna wasan a tsakiyar 2017 == Farkon rayuwa da Karatu == Akintobi ta fito ne daga [[Abeokuta]], [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eaL_zPZ1pLg |title=Secret lives of Baba segis wives author Lola Shoneyin & the Trio discuss attitudes & their altitudes |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=Ebonylife Television}}</ref> Ta sami babbar lamba na Associate of Arts degree na karatuttukan adabi a cikin Watsa shirye-shiryen Jarida da Sifenanci daga Kwalejin Al'umma ta Volunteer (Volunteer State Community College) dake Tennessee, da kuma digiri na farko a fannonin karatun da aka ambata daga Jami'ar Texas A&amp;amp;M - Kasuwanci.<ref name="Ebonylife TV">{{cite web|title=The 'It-Guys' of Ebonylife TV|url=http://ebonylifetv.com/2016/03/04/the-it-guys-of-ebonylife-tv-lamide-akintobi/|publisher=EbonyLife TV|access-date=2020-05-01|archive-date=2017-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903032822/http://ebonylifetv.com/2016/03/04/the-it-guys-of-ebonylife-tv-lamide-akintobi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Haka kuma, ta sami takardar digiri na biyu a aikin Jarida na Kasa daga Jami'ar City a London.<ref name="Loud">{{cite web|url=http://loudestgist.com/wiki/2016/06/about-lamide-akintobi/|title=5 things you didn't know about Lamide Akintobi|publisher=Loudestgist|date=30 June 2016|accessdate=8 October 2016|archive-date=9 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009220530/http://loudestgist.com/wiki/2016/06/about-lamide-akintobi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lamide ta zama mamba a kungiyar Delta Sigma Theta sorority a she Kara ta 2004. Ta rayu na wani lokaci a Tens ta nessee da Texas..<ref name="A1">{{cite web|url=http://www.thea1tv.com/chats-with-nigerian-based-presenter-and-producer-lamide-akintobi/|title=Chats with Nigerian-based presenter and producer, Lamide Akintobi|publisher=Thea1tv.com|date=8 October 2015|accessdate=8 October 2016|archive-date=12 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012032934/http://www.thea1tv.com/chats-with-nigerian-based-presenter-and-producer-lamide-akintobi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Akintobi ta zama mai ɗaukar labarai a tashar talabijin ta Channels TV.<ref name="TVC">{{cite news|url=http://www.thenet.ng/2012/01/lamide-akintobi-lands-at-tvc/|author=Editor, Net|title=Lamide Akintobi Lands at TVC|publisher=TheNet|date=January 18, 2012|accessdate=8 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107023946/http://www.thenet.ng/2012/01/lamide-akintobi-lands-at-tvc/|archive-date=7 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta dauki bakuncin wani shiri da ake kira ''The Spot'' a kan EbonyLife TV tare da Zainab Balogun da Ebuka Obi-Uchendu,<ref name="Loud"/> and also produced and <ref>https://www.lamidelive.com/about-me#bio</ref> kuma sun samar da kuma <ref>https://www.lamidelive.com/about-me#bio</ref> gabatar da wani shiri mai suna ''El Now'' . EbonyLife TV ita ce ta farko a Afirka da aka fara watsa labarai ta talabijin a duniya, ana watsa shi a cikin kasashe sama da 40.<ref name="A1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthdays-ay-makun-dolapo-oni-bolanle-olukanni-runtown-lamide-akintobi-are-a-year-older-today-id5397106.html|title=AY Makun, Dolapo Oni, Bolanle Olukanni, Runtown, Lamide Akintobi are a year older today|publisher=Pulse|accessdate=8 October 2016|archive-date=10 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510165823/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthdays-ay-makun-dolapo-oni-bolanle-olukanni-runtown-lamide-akintobi-are-a-year-older-today-id5397106.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == Akintobi 'yar mawakin Najeriya ce wanda ya kasance mai shirya wakoki Laolu Akins.   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Akintobi, Lamide}} f9lpkwmd3clzzz39rf4xi2l2tywcwyf 0 13863 548070 473269 2024-11-29T03:23:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Omowumi Dada on Shuga cropped.png|thumb|Omowumi Dada]] '''Omowumi Dada''' ' [[ɗan wasa|yar wasan]] Najeriya ce, '''wacce akafi''' sani da rawar da ta taka a matsayin ''Folake'' a cikin jerin talabijin din [[ M-net|M-Net]] ''Jemeji'' . An jefa ta cikin fim din Yarabawa na shekarar, 2017 Na ''wani wuri a cikin Duhu'', wanda ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun igenan asalin Fim'' a shekarar, 2017 AMVCA Awards, wanda kuma ya sami wani zaɓi don ''Bestaukakiyar ressan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Raha mai Tallafi (Yarabawa)'' a ''Mafi kyawun'' kyaututtukan ''Nollywood'' a cikin shekarar 2017. A shekarar, 2018, Dada ta yi rawar murya a fim din ''Sade'' .<ref name="Sun">{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/acting-has-opened-difficult-doors-for-me-omowunmi-dada/|title=Acting has opened difficult doors for me –Omowunmi Dada|last=Irungu|first=Rapheal|date=27 May 2018|work=The Sun Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/the-gift-of-jemeji/|title=The gift of Jemeji|last=Onoshe|first=Nwabuikwu|date=11 March 2018|work=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2017-bolanle-ninalowo-ik-ogbonna-rachel-okonkwo-what-lies-within-among/x1yd04j|title=Bolanle Ninalowo, IK Ogbonna, Rachel Okonkwo, Omowumi Dada, "What Lies Within" among nominees|last=Izuzu|first=Chibumga|date=7 September 2017|work=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=19 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019113032/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2017-bolanle-ninalowo-ik-ogbonna-rachel-okonkwo-what-lies-within-among/x1yd04j|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/amvca-2017-see-full-list-of-winners/|title=AMVCA 2017: See full list of winners|last=Ibrahim|first=Tanko|date=5 March 2017|work=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="PunchSun">{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/some-people-think-im-a-snob-omowunmi-dada/|title=Some people think I’m a snob— Omowunmi Dada|last=Onoshe|first=Nwabuikwu|date=30 April 2017|work=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="PunchSun2">{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/some-people-think-im-a-snob-omowunmi-dada/|title=Some people think I’m a snob— Omowunmi Dada|last=Onoshe|first=Nwabuikwu|date=30 April 2017|work=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="PunchSun2" /><ref name="Citypeople">{{cite news|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/being-an-actress-is-my-calling-fast-rising-actress-omowunmi-dada/|title=BEING AN ACTRESS IS MY CALLING – FAST RISING ACTRESS, OMOWUNMI DADA|last=Olofinjana|first=Sola|date=8 October 2018|work=City People Magazine|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="dere">{{cite news|url=https://calabarblog.com/ebonylife-tv-concludes-filming-movie-dere-calabar/|title=EBONYLIFE TV CONCLUDES FILMING OF THE MOVIE ‘DERE’ IN CALABAR|last=|first=|date=8 October 2016|work=Calabar News|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=20 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020043600/https://calabarblog.com/ebonylife-tv-concludes-filming-movie-dere-calabar/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="DailyTimes">{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.ng/omowunmi-dada-dazzles-stage/|title=OMOWUNMI DADA DAZZLES ON STAGE|last=DTTN|first=R|date=22 April 2017|work=Daily Times Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="Sun2">{{cite news|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/acting-has-opened-difficult-doors-for-me-omowunmi-dada/|title=Acting has opened difficult doors for me –Omowunmi Dada|last=Irungu|first=Rapheal|date=27 May 2018|work=The Sun Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="gist">{{cite news|url=https://naijagists.com/nollywood-actress-omowunmi-marry-actor/|title=Nollywood Actress Omowumi Dada|last=|first=|date=10 March 2018|work=Naija Gist Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref name="bella">{{cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/charles-novia-best-5-actresses-nollywood-2017/|title=Charles Novia: The Best 5 Actresses in Nollywood in 2017|last=|first=|date=6 December 2017|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=6 April 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Farkon Rayuwa == An haife Omawumi Dada a jihar Legas, inda ta halarci makarantar Nursery International da Makarantar Firamare don fara karatun firamare, a wannan lokacin, ta kasance memba a makarantar ''ta Yarabawa'' ; Ta ci gaba da zuwa makarantar sakandaren Command Day, Oshodi, don karatunta na sakandare kuma ta karanci Arts a [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas]] . == Aikin fim == Dada ta fara ayyukanta na zamani, ta ɗauki kananan bangarorin wasan kwaikwayo yayin da take Jami'a. Babban aikinta na farko shine a wasan ''Moremi Ajasoro'', Femi Oke ne ya jagoranci ta. A shekarar, 2013, ta fara aikin fimrta ne tare da rawar da ta taka a fim ɗin ''Oya'' tare da fitaccen jarumin dan wasan Najeriya Tunji Sotimirin, Daga nan ta ci gaba da fitowa a wasu fina-finai ''sanannu'' wadanda suka hada da Kunle Afolayan ta umarci ''Omugwo'' tare da Patience Ozokwor da Ayo Adesanya. Dada ya fito a cikin shirye-shiryen Talabijin da dama, ciki har da jerin EbonylifeTv ''Married to the Game'', ''Abokai'' da ''Dere'' na Afirka Daidaitawar Disney's "Cinderella". Har ila yau, tana cikin fasalin [[ M-net|gidan]] talabijin na [[ M-net|M-net]] Telebijin ''Jemeji'' kuma tana da matsayi a cikin ''Tinsel'', ''Don haka Wrong don Wright'', ''Gwanin Eyes'' da ''Bella's'' da sauransu. A shekara ta, 2017, Dada ta fito a cikin ''fitaccen'' fim ɗin, ''Isale Eko'', wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukan da gwamnatin jihar Legas ta ɗora don bikin cika shekaru 50 da ƙirƙirar jihar Legas. A cikin shekarar, 2018, an jefa Dada cikin babban aiki na Sade, a cikin cikakken fim din Animation na Najeriya mai taken ''SADE'' wanda aka shirya don saki a shekarar, 2019. == Girmamawa == A watan Disamba na shekarar, 2017 ne aka ba ta jerin-gwanon mata na Actan wasan fina-finai ''mafi kyau a shekarar'' ta hannun taurarin fina-finan Najeriya kuma mai bayar da fatawa, Charles Novia. Hakanan ta sami ''kyautar Actress Award'' a shekara ta, 2017 a ''CRMA'', ''Mafi Kyawun'' ''Actarfafa Talla'' a ''City People Movie Awards'', an kuma zaɓe ta don ''Mafi kyawun ressan wasan kwaikwayo akan Babban Allon da TV'' a Eloy Awards a shekara ta, 2017. Dada jakadanta ne ga gidauniyar Canvyan Cancer Foundation wacce ke ba da tallafi ga wayar da kai da tallafi ga yaran da ke fama da cutar kansa. Hakanan jakada ce a Gidauniyar Brian Wotari wacce ta mayar da hankali ga shiga da wadata rayuwar matasa. == Fina finai == * ''Har yanzu ba a yin alloli ba'' (2012) * ''Ojuju'' (2014) * ''Tsoho'' (2015) * ''Wani wuri a cikin duhu'' (2016) * ''Haka ne Bana'' (2016) * ''Omugwo'' (2017) * ''Bias'' (2017) * ''Sarki Invicible'' (2017) * ''Wani abu mara kyau'' (2017) * ''Hirar-er'' (2017) * ''Fatalwa da Tout'' (2018) * ''Kawai Kafin in yi'' (2018) * ''[[ Oga Bolaji|Oga Bolaji]]'' (2018) * ''Kamar Dominoes'' (2018) * ''Iyali'' (2019) * ''Points Bedroom'' * ''Diamonds a cikin Sky'' (TBA) * ''Oloture'' (TBA) * ''City Bastards'' (TBA) ** ''Ba Dama bane'' ** ''Mirabel'' (2018) ** ''Rasa Addinina'' (2018) ** ''Kashi na Hudu'' (2019) *** ''Jemeji'' *** ''Tinsel'' *** ''So Wrong So Wright'' *** ''Idon Eyes'' *** ''Labarun Hauwa'u'' *** ''Ku ɗanɗani ƙauna'' *** ''Gidan caca'' **** ''Isale Eko 2'' **** ''Oya'' **** ''Domin Soyayya Kasar'' **** ''Najeriya kyakkyawa'' **** ''Harshen St Bernadette'' **** ''Mutuwa da Sarakuna'' **** ''Gwajin Brotheran uwan Jero'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1989]] 1to3j24sjtfa55qa83hixxpypws92fb 0 13867 548050 237565 2024-11-29T01:21:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mercy Aigbe''' (an haife ta ranar 1 ga watan Janairun shekaran 1978) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, mai bayar da umarni, kuma' yar kasuwa. An fi sanin ta sosai saboda finafinan [[Yarbanci|'yar asalin ku]] ta [[Yarbanci|Yarabawa]] .<ref name="pulse">{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-mercy-aigbe-gentry-pretty-passionate-actress-id3824320.html|title=Mercy Aigbe-Gentry, pretty passionate actress|date=June 3, 2015|author=Ayomide O. Tayo|accessdate=August 9, 2015|archive-date=June 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625023508/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-mercy-aigbe-gentry-pretty-passionate-actress-id3824320.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.naij.com/463296-6-hottest-asoebi-styles-of-mercy-aigbe.html|title=6 Hottest Asoebi Styles Of Mercy Aigbe|author=Ajomole Helen|publisher=Naij|accessdate=August 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/style/122-beauty/50709-mercy-aigbe-looks-more-beautiful-without-makeup-photos|title=Mercy Aigbe looks more beautiful without makeup}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naija.ng/1163683-mercy-aigbe-children.html#1163683|title=Mercy Aigbe children|website=naija.ng}}</ref> == Farkon Rayuwa == An haife ta ne a 1 ga Janairu 1978 a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]] . Ta fito daga garin Benin wanda shine babban birnin jihar Edo. Ita ce ta biyu a cikin yara biyar. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Maryland Comprehensive Secondary School Ikeja, Legas. Har ila yau, babbar jami'ar [[ Kwarewar Fasaha, Ibadan|Jami'ar Polytechnic ce, Ibadan]], ta [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]], inda ta samu OND, a fannin Nazarin Kudi, sannan kuma [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas,]] don yin digiri, a Arts theater.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvcontinental.tv/2016/08/04/mercy-aigbes-drama-school-graduates-first-set-trained-students/|title=Mercy Aigbe’s drama school graduates first set of trained students|date=August 4, 2016|website=Television Continental|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2016/07/17/mercy-aigbe-starts-film-school/|title=Mercy Aigbe Starts Her Own Film School|last=Braimoh|first=Tobi|date=July 17, 2016|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref> == Kulawa == Ta yi digiri a fannin Wasannin Wasan Kwaikwayo daga [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas]] a 2001, kuma ta shiga masana'antar sosai a 2006. Ta kafa "Mercy Aigbe Gentry School of Drama" a cikin 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/6-times-mercy-aigbe-wowed-us-on-the-red-carpet/|title=6 times Mercy Aigbe wowed us on the red carpet|last=Ewulluh|first=Binyelum|date=July 26, 2016|website=Nigeria Entertainment Today|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref> === Fina finai === * ''Satanic'' * ''Afefe Ife'' (2008) * ''Okanjua'' (2008) * ''Atunida Leyi'' (2009) * ''Igberaga'' (2009) * ''Ihamo'' (2009) * ''Ìpèsè'' (2009) * ''Iró funfun'' (2009) * ''Mafisere'' (2009) * ''Oju ife'' (2009) * ''Omoge Osas'' (2012) * ''Ile Oko Mii'' (2014) * ''Victims'' (2015) * ''The Screenplay'' (2017) * ''Little Drops of Happy'' (2017) * ''200 Million'' (2018) * ''Second Acts'' (2018) * ''Lagos real fake life'' (2018) == Kyauta da lambar girma == * Ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun mata a fim din Yarabawa a kyautar City People Awards da aka gudanar a [[Bayelsa|Yenagoa, Jihar Bayelsa.]] * Mafi Kyawun Harshen asalin yare (Yarabawa) (2014) * Mafi kyawun actress a cikin Tallafi (Yoruba) (2010) * Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Nomination Movie Nomination (ba harshe Turanci ba) (2012) * City People Nishaɗin Yar fim ɗin Yara na shekarar (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mercy-aigbes-dress-to-the-amvca2016-has-got-everyone-talking/|title=Mercy Aigbe’s Dress To The #AMVCA2016 Has Got Everyone Talking|website=StarGist|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018043104/https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mercy-aigbes-dress-to-the-amvca2016-has-got-everyone-talking/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 'Yan kasuwa na Fashion a shekarar da aka basu kyautar haɗin gwiwa da kyautar Glitz ta Duniya (2015) == Salon shiga == Rahamar Aigbe sanannu ne saboda salon sa da kayan sawa. A yayin [[ Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka|Zabi Mai Kyautar 'Yan kallo Masu]] Zikirin [[ Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka|Afirka na]] 2016, suturar Rahama Aigbe ta sami kyakkyawar tafi daga masu ruwa da tsaki, kuma ta kan yi amfani da shafukan sada zumunta ko da bayan bikin. An yaba wa rigar ɗin don ƙirar ta musamman. A watan Nuwamban shekarar 2014, Aigbe ta bude shagon kayanta, Mag Divas Boutique a Legas, sannan ta bude wani katafaren hanyar a Ibadan. An ba ta kyautar ɗan ''kasuwa na Kwallon Kaya na shekarar'' a haɗin gwiwa da lambar yabo ta Glitz ta Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-fans-react-to-this-day-style-snub-id4834779.html|title=Fans react to This Day Style snub|last=Odumade|first=Omotolani|date=March 22, 2016|website=Pulse|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018044752/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-fans-react-to-this-day-style-snub-id4834779.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigerianbulletin.com/threads/photos-actress-mercy-aigbe-wins-%E2%80%98fashion-entrepreneur-of-the-year%E2%80%99-award.163578/|title=[Photos] Actress Mercy Aigbe Wins ‘Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year’ Award|date=January 9, 2016|website=Nigeria Bulletin|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018045434/https://www.nigerianbulletin.com/threads/photos-actress-mercy-aigbe-wins-%E2%80%98fashion-entrepreneur-of-the-year%E2%80%99-award.163578/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/08/04/mercy-aigbe-living-her-dreams/|title=Mercy Aigbe Living Her Dreams. . .|date=August 4, 2018|website=ThisDay|access-date=2018-10-18}}</ref><ref>http://www.informationng.com/2018/06/actress-mercy-aigbe-buys-multi-million-naira-house-for-herself-and-her-kids.html</ref> == Rayuwar ta == A shekarar 2013, Rahama Aigbe ta auri wani fitaccen dan Najeriya mai suna Lanre Gentry, kuma tana da' ya'ya biyu (Juwon Gentry da Michelle Aigbe) da kuma mata uku. A shekarar 2017, ta raba hotunan kanta bayan da mijinta ya yi awon gaba da ita.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/mercy-aigbe-actress-launches-fashion-store-id3342566.html|title=Actress launches fashion store|last=Banah|first=Namang|date=December 11, 2014|website=Pulse|access-date=2018-10-18|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018043415/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/mercy-aigbe-actress-launches-fashion-store-id3342566.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/mercy-aigbe-opens-magdiva-boutique-in-ibadan-fabwoman/|title=Mercy Aigbe Stays Winning As She Opens Boutique In Ibadan|date=March 15, 2018|website=Fab Woman}}</ref> A saboda haka ta rabu da mijinta ne saboda da'awar rikicin cikin gida, kuma ta fara kamfen din. Rahamar Aigbe ta samu sabon gidan da darajarta ta kai Naira miliyan 200 a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref>''Juwon and Michelle'' [[https://www.instagram.com/michelleio__/?hl=en]], [[https://www.instagram.com/juwongentry_lovers/?hl=en]]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-find-out-how-star-actress-keeps-her-marriage-going-id5263883.html|title=Find out how star actress keeps her marriage going|date=July 14, 2016|website=Pulse|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=October 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013211550/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-find-out-how-star-actress-keeps-her-marriage-going-id5263883.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2015/07/mercy-aigbe-gentry-expecting-another-child-for-new-hubby-photos.html|title=Mercy Aigbe Gentry Expecting Another Child For New Hubby|website=Information Nigeria|accessdate=August 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-marks-1-year-since-domestic-violence-attack-id8259492.html|title=Actress marks 1 year since she encountered domestic violence in failed marriage|date=February 16, 2018|website=Pulse|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=October 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013172422/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-aigbe-marks-1-year-since-domestic-violence-attack-id8259492.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/06/29/mercy-aigbe-joins-campaign-domestic-violence/|title=Mercy Aigbe Joins Campaign Against Domestic Violence|date=June 29, 2017|website=[[Channels TV]]}}</ref><ref>http://www.informationng.com/2018/06/actress-mercy-aigbe-buys-multi-million-naira-house-for-herself-and-her-kids.html</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1978]] 8yfo5mji7d4kwqaejf37k9qz8cjjcsf 0 13878 548108 475762 2024-11-29T05:46:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Toyin Abraham at AMVCA 2020.jpg|thumb|Toyin Abraham at AMVCA 2020]] '''Toyin Abraham''' (an haifi '''Olutoyin Aimakhu''' ) yar wasan [[ɗan wasa|fina-finan]] Najeriya c[[ɗan wasa|e]], mai shirya fina-finai, ta kasance darekta kuma mai gabatarwa. Sannan kuma sautari tana fitowa a matsayin jaruma<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/11/07/toyin-aimakhu-we-havent-done-our-traditional-and-white-wedding-because-there-is-no-money/|title=Toyin Aimakhu: We haven’t done our Traditional and White Wedding Because There is no Money|author=Desola Ade-Unuigbe|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdayvibes.com/2015/01/god-will-mend-our-happiness-toyin.html?m=0|title=Welcome to ThisDayVibes|author=Classic Peter|work=thisdayvibes.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archive-date=20 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220032256/http://www.thisdayvibes.com/2015/01/god-will-mend-our-happiness-toyin.html?m=0|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nollywood Star, Aimakhu Now To Be Called Toyin Abraham|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2016/12/29/nollywood-star-aimakhu-now-to-be-called-toyin-abraham/|accessdate=30 December 2016|work=Channels Television|agency=Channels TV|publisher=Channels TV|date=29 December 2016}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == An haife Aimakhu ne [[ Auchi|Auchi]], wani gari a cikin [[Edo|jihar Edo]] a kudancin Najeriya, amma ta yi rayuwar farko a [[Ibadan]], babban birnin [[Oyo (jiha)|jihar Oyo]] a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ta je Kwalejin Ilimin Kwaleji ta Jihar Osun ; daga shekara1999-2002, inda kuma ta sami difloma ta Pre-National, da kuma Diploma ta kasa. Ta samu babbar takardar Digiri ta kasa a Siyarwa a Siyarwa daga [[ Kwarewar Fasaha, Ibadan|Ibadan Polytechnic]] kuma tana aji daya tare da Dibie, CBN aka x7. Toyin Abraham ya haskaka a cikin fina-finai da yawa kuma kwanan nan ya sami tauraron fim a cikin wani fim mai suna Black Val.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/showbizfliar/135427/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2015-02-20|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220032108/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/showbizfliar/135427/|archivedate=2015-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://niyitabiti.net/2015/03/i-am-ready-to-die-for-pdp-toyin-aimakhu/|title=I am ready to die for PDP-Toyin Aimakhu|date=2015-03-02|work=Gistmaster|access-date=2018-01-03|language=en|archive-date=2018-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726071955/http://niyitabiti.net/2015/03/i-am-ready-to-die-for-pdp-toyin-aimakhu/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Nollywood Actress Toyin Aimakhu Reacts To Buhari's Victory - Pulse TV News|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1ngAwwUanc|website=Pulse TV News|publisher=Jason|accessdate=2 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/09/dayo-amusa-tops-bon-awards-nominees-list-with-11-nods/|title=Dayo Amusa tops BON Awards nominees' list - Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|author=Editor|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref> == Aikin fim == [[File:Anita Alaire Afoke Asuoha.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Toyin Abraham Wikipedia Screen Shot 2020.jpeg|thumb|Toyin Abraham]] Ta fara aiki ne a shekarar 2003, lokacin da [[ Bukky Wright|Bukky Wright]], yar fim din Najeriya, ta ziyarci Ibadan don yin fim. Tun shekaru aru-aru, Toyin Abraham ya samar, yayi jagora da kuma nunawa a cikin finafinan Najeriya da yawa, kamar su ''Alani Baba Labake'' da ''Ebimi ni'' . An zabi ta ne a cikin Mafi kyawun Tallata fina-finai a cikin wani fim din Yarabawa da ake yi wa lakabi da ''Ebimi ni'' a yayin [[ 2013 Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood|Kyautar Nollywood ta 2013]] tare da Joke Muyiwa, wanda aka zaba a cikin Mafi kyawun Jagora a fim din Yarabawa da ake wa lakabi da ''[[ Ayitale|Ayitale]]'' . Dangane da aikinta, 'yan siyasa sun kira Toyin don yin kamfen. A daya daga cikin shirye-shirye na Najeriya Shugaba Goodluck Jonathan ya sake tsayawa takara karo, a 2015, da actress ce ta shirya mutuwa domin Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) da a kan wanda dandali Jonathan zai tsaya. Amma daga baya ta fito ta nemi afuwa ga magoya bayanta game da kalaman sannan ta bukaci 'yan Najeriya da kar su zubar da jininsu ga kowane dan siyasa.<ref>{{cite web|title="Black Val" Toyin Abraham, Iyabo Ojo, Dayo Amusa, Desmond Elliott attend premiere|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/black-val-toyin-Abraham-iyabo-ojo-dayo-amusa-desmond-elliott-attend-premiere-id4689072.html|website=Pulse.ng|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=16 February 2016}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/encounter/no-regret-dating-a-junior-colleague-toyin-Abraham/|title=No regret dating a junior actor –Toyin Abraham|work=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper|accessdate=20 February 2015}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/toyin-aimakhu-husband-reconcile-after-rumoured-marriage-crash/|title=Toyin Abraham, husband reconcile after rumoured marriage crash|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/02/14/find-out-the-red-hot-gift-toyin-aimakhu-received-from-hubby-adeniyi-williams/|title=Find Out the Red Hot Gift Toyin Aimakhu received from hubby Adeniyi Williams for Valentine’s Day!|work=BellaNaija|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref> == Fina fina == * [[:en:The_Millions_(film)|''The Millions'']] (2019) * ''[[:en:Kasanova|Kasanova]]'' (2019) * ''[[:en:Bling_Lagosians|Bling Lagosians]]'' (2019) * ''[[:en:Nimbe|Nimbe]]'' (2019) * ''[[:en:The_Ghost_and_the_Tout|The Ghost and the Tout]]'' (2018) * ''Seven anf Half Dates'' (2018) * ''Disguise'' (2018) * ''What just happened'' (2018) * ''[[:en:Alakada_Reloaded|Alakada Reloaded]]'' (2017) * ''Esohe'' (2017) * ''Hakkunde'' (2017) * ''Mentally'' (2017) * ''Tatu'' (2017) * ''London Fever'' (2017) * ''[[:en:Wives_on_Strike:_The_Revolution|Wives on Strike: The Revolution]]'' (2017) * ''Celebrity Marriage'' (2017) featuring [[:en:Tonto_Dikeh|Tonto Dikeh]], [[:en:Felix_Ugo_Omokhodion|Felix Ugo Omokhodion]] and [[:en:Jackie_Appiah|Jackie Appiah]] * ''[[:en:Okafor's_Law|Okafor's Law]]'' (2016) * ''[[:en:Love_is_in_the_Hair|Love is in the Hair]]'' (2016) * ''Alani Baba labake'' (2013) * ''Ebi mi ni'' (2013) * ''Alakada'' (2013) * ''Sola Fe Pami'' ** ''[[:en:Elevator_Baby|Elevator Baby]]'' (2019) ** ''Don’t Get Mad, Get Even'' (2019) ** ''Made in Heaven'' (2019) == Manazarta == <br /> gy5kgzo6dquuxphcsnkjcvckvswoxvf 0 13881 548103 547022 2024-11-29T05:31:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Toke Makinwa''' (an haife ta ne a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar ta alif 1984) yar asalin gidan rediyo ce na [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], mai watsa shirye-shiryen a talabijin, mai watsa bidiyo kuma a yanar gizo, 'yar kasuwa mai rayuwa da marubuciya. An san ta da zazzabin ''The Morning Drive'' akan Rahthm 93.7 FM da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen bidiyo na YouTube na ''Toke Moments'' . Ta saki littafinta ''On Becoming'' a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lailasblog.com/court-dissolves-toke-makinwas-marriage/|title=Court finally dissolves Toke Makinwa’s marriage|publisher=lailasblog.com|accessdate=6 October 2017|archive-date=8 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008130718/http://www.lailasblog.com/court-dissolves-toke-makinwas-marriage/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/01/21/official-photos-toke-makinwa-maje-ayidas-surprise-wedding/|title=Toke and Maje surprise wedding ceremony|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2015/07/toke-makinwas-husband-maje-makes-first-public-appearance-alone-weeks-marriage-crisis.html|title=Toke Makinwa’s Husband, Maje Makes First Public Appearance ‘ALONE’ Weeks After Marriage Crisis - INFORMATION NIGERIA|website=INFORMATION NIGERIA|access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uberstyle.org/2016/03/01/toke-makinwa-is-the-new-brand-ambassador-for-mecran-cosmeticsget-the-scoop/|title=TOKE MAKINWA IS THE NEW BRAND AMBASSADOR FOR MECRAN COSMETICS…GET THE SCOOP!|access-date=30 May 2016|archive-date=10 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610035102/http://uberstyle.org/2016/03/01/toke-makinwa-is-the-new-brand-ambassador-for-mecran-cosmeticsget-the-scoop/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/06/17/meet-lipton-teas-new-nigerian-ambassadors-darey-toke-makinwa-dan-foster-osas-ighodaro-photos-video-clips-from-their-promo-shoot/|title=Toke, Foster & Osas becomes Lipton ambassandors|publisher=bellanaija.com|date=17 June 2013|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == [[File:NdaniTV Fashion Insider special Toke Makinwa OAP Nov 2018.png|thumb|Toke Makinwa]] An haifi Toke Makinwa a ranar 3 ga Watan Nuwamba shekarar 1984, a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] . Ta halarci Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] . Daga baya Makinwa ta halarci [[ Jami'ar Legas|Jami'ar Legas]], inda ta sami digiri na biyu a Turanci da [[ Littattafai|adabi]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/from-radio-to-tv-toke-makinwa-to-get-her-own-tv-show/8ztmxrb|title=Toke Makinwa To Get Her Own TV Show|date=2014-01-10|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/10/29/laura-ikeji-set-to-buy-toke-makinwas-bag/|title=Laura Ikeji Set To Buy Toke Makinwa’s Bag|date=2018-10-29|website=P.M. News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediaguide.ng/watch-a-new-episode-of-toke-makinwas-toke-moments/|title=Watch A New Episode Of Toke Makinwa‘s ‘Toke Moments’|last=MGA1|date=2019-02-01|website=MediaGuide.NG|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327212119/https://www.mediaguide.ng/watch-a-new-episode-of-toke-makinwas-toke-moments/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/you-are-totally-fake-toke-makinwas-rhythm-fm-co-host-lashes-out/|title='You are totally fake' - Toke Makinwa's Rhythm FM co-host lashes out » YNaija|date=2014-02-22|website=YNaija|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Toke Makinwa|date=2019-03-27|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toke_Makinwa&oldid=889763630|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/toke-makinwa-launches-glow-by-tm/|title=Toke Makinwa launches skincare product 'Glow by TM'|date=2018-08-13|website=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/toke-makinwa-explains-her-absence-on-3-live-chicks/|title=Toke Makinwa explains her absence on 3 Live Chicks|last=Says|first=Weapon|date=2013-03-04|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref> == Aiki == [[File:Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Executive Director, Project PINK BLUE with Sen. Aisha J. Alhassan, Minister of Women Affairs & Social Dev.; Dr. Ramatu Hassan, Rep. Minister of Health, Chidinma Ekile, Toke Makinwa, Annie Idibia at World Cancer Day.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:NdaniTV Fashion Insider special Toke Makinwa OAP Nov 2018.png|thumb|Toke Makinwa]] A cikin shekarar 2010, Makinwa ta fara babban taronta na kafofin watsa labarai a Rhythm 93.7 FM ' ''The Morning Drive'' show a zaman mai ''ɗaukar'' hoto. A shekarar 2012, ta fito ta hanyar talabijin a matsayin mai karbar bakuncin kyakkyawar yarinya a Najeriya (MBGN), wacce aka watsa ta a duk fadin Najeriya. Ta yi aiki tare da Flytime TV's ''3 Live Chicks'', tare da Tosyn Bucknor da Oreka Godis. Nunin da aka gabatar a matsayin jerin shirye-shiryen yanar gizo kafin fadada zuwa talabijin mai faɗi a ƙarshen shekarar 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://koko.ng/photos-toke-makinwas-becoming-south-africa-book-tour/|title=Photos From Toke Makinwa's 'On Becoming' South Africa Book Tour|last=KOKO|date=2017-06-27|website=KOKO TV Nigeria {{!}} Nigeria News & Breaking Naija News|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2021-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028140723/https://koko.ng/photos-toke-makinwas-becoming-south-africa-book-tour/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/06/18/toke-makinwas-vlog-mr-shy-guy/|title=Watch Toke Makinwa's Vlog of the week|publisher=bellanaija.com|date=18 June 2014|accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/essence/my-relationship-with-maje-ayida-over-toke-makinwa/|title=My relationship with Maje Ayida over- Toke Makinwa|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=2 June 2014|archive-date=2 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602200539/http://www.punchng.com/spice/essence/my-relationship-with-maje-ayida-over-toke-makinwa/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/lifestyle-spice/my-wedding-idea-came-when-i-was-five-toke-makinwa/|title=My Wedding Idea came when I was 5|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=2 June 2014|archive-date=5 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605051148/http://www.punchng.com/spice/lifestyle-spice/my-wedding-idea-came-when-i-was-five-toke-makinwa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Makinwa ba ta sabunta kwangilarta tare da Flytime TV ba don wasan na biyu kuma daga baya takwararta ta rediyo Omalicha ta maye gurbinsa. A shekara ta 2012, Makinwa ta gabatar da jerin ''faifan'' bidiyo na YouTube na ''Toke Moments'' . A cikin watan Janairu shekarar 2014, ''Hip Hop World Magazine ta ba da'' sanarwar Makinwa a matsayin wacce ta karbi bakuncin hirar ta da kuma jerin ''gwano'' . Ta kuma samu tabo a gidan talabijin din EbonyLife a matsayin hadin gwiwar tutocin ta na nuna lokacin. Makinwa ta dauki bakuncin manyan abubuwan da suka shahara, wadanda suka hada da Kyautar shekarar 2013 Future da City People Awards, da kuma 2014 Headies Awards . Makinwa ta rasa iyayenta biyu a sanadiyar gobara lokacin da ta cika shekara 8 da haihuwa. Ta fito da rubutunta mai taken ''On Becoming'' in November 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stargist.com/2013/12/09/toke-makinwa-wins-outstanding-female-presenter-of-the-year-at-the-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards/|title=Toke Makinwa wins Best OAP of the year|accessdate=2 June 2014|archive-date=2 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602210742/http://stargist.com/2013/12/09/toke-makinwa-wins-outstanding-female-presenter-of-the-year-at-the-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/toke-makinwa-launches-glow-by-tm/|title=Toke Makinwa launches skincare product 'Glow by TM'|date=2018-08-13|website=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lailasblog.com/read-toke-makinwas-on-becoming-book-why/|title=Read Toke Makinwa’s ‘On Becoming’ book: Why Maje didn’t get her pregnant, begged her for money & more|publisher=lailasblog.com|date=28 November 2016|accessdate=8 October 2017|archive-date=8 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008182023/http://www.lailasblog.com/read-toke-makinwas-on-becoming-book-why/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/toke-makinwas-vlog-toke-moments-marriage-the-unnecessary-pressure-from-society-id3025693.html|title=Toke Makinwa's Vlog: Toke Moments : Marriage & the Unnecessary Pressure from Society|last=Mix|first=Pulse|website=pulse.ng|access-date=30 May 2016|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630112127/http://pulse.ng/movies/toke-makinwas-vlog-toke-moments-marriage-the-unnecessary-pressure-from-society-id3025693.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/exclusive-babygirlforlife-toke-makinwa-launches-luxury-bag-line/|title=EXCLUSIVE: #BabyGirlForLife! Toke Makinwa launches Luxury Bag Line|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2017-11-03|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/245253-toke-makinwa-maje-ayida-finalise-divorce.html|title=Toke Makinwa, Maje Ayida finalise divorce|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2017-10-06|website=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref> Littafin ya yi tsokaci game da gwagwarmayarsa ta sirri da kuma magance cin amanar tsohon mijinta, Maje Ayida. Makinwa ya tafi yawon shakatawa don inganta littafin. Ziyarar ta hada da Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, Amurka, Ingila, da wasu sassan gabashin Afirka. A cikin shekarar 2017, Makinwa ta ƙaddamar da layin jaket a ƙarƙashin babbar alamarta, Toke Makinwa Luxury. Hakanan ta ƙaddamar da samfurin fata na fata wanda ake kira Glow by TM a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mediaguide.ng/just-one-day-launch-toke-makinwa-becomes-amazons-best-selling-author/|title=Just One Day After Launch, Toke Makinwa Becomes Amazon's Best Selling Author|last=MediaGuide|date=2016-11-29|website=MediaGuide.NG|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2020-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615172353/http://www.mediaguide.ng/just-one-day-launch-toke-makinwa-becomes-amazons-best-selling-author/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/12/toke-makinwas-on-becoming-book-launch-in-abuja-was-so-emotional-see-all-the-photos-on-bn/|title=Toke Makinwa’s “On Becoming” Book Launch in Abuja was so Emotional! See all the Photos on BN|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2016-12-20|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,324349.0.html|title=Toke Makinwa Takes Her Book Tour To Kenya Despite Her Estranged Husband's Threat To Sue - Gistmania|date=2017-02-09|website=www.gistmania.com|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref> == Goyon baya == A cikin shekarar 2013, Makinwa ta zama jakada a Kamfanin Kamfanin Afirka na Najeriya, tare da Osas Ighodaro, Dare Art Alade da Dan Foster . Ta kuma sanya hannu kan kwangilar miliyoyin naira tare da [[ Nestlé|Nestlé]] Nigeria don zama sabuwar fuskar [[ Maggi|Maggi]] . A cikin 2016, ta zama jakadan alama da fuskar Mecran Cosmetics. Hakanan ta kasance jakadan Payporte da [[ Ciroc|Ciroc]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://olorisupergal.com/2017/03/27/toke-makinwa-becomes-first-female-ambassador-ciroc-nigeria/|title=Toke Makinwa becomes the first female ambassador for Ciroc in Nigeria|date=2017-03-27|website=Olori Supergal|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2019-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401061009/https://olorisupergal.com/2017/03/27/toke-makinwa-becomes-first-female-ambassador-ciroc-nigeria/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Iyabo Aina|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/04/tiwa-savage-toke-makinwa-bag-mouth-watering-deals/|title=Tiwa Savage, Toke bagg mouth watering deals with Maggi|publisher=vanguardngr.com|date=12 April 2014|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/tayo-faniran-toke-makinwa-unveiled-payporte-ambassadors/|title=Tayo Faniran, Toke Makinwa unveiled as Payporte ambassadors|last=alexsamade|date=2015-01-29|website=Vanguard News Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/97824-rhthymn-93-7-oap-toke-makinwa-and-maje-ayida-cancel-engagement.html|title=Toke Makinwa and Maje cancel engagement|publisher=premiumtimesng.com|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref> == Rayuwan ta == A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2014, Makinwa ta auri Maje Ayida, wacce ta shafe shekaru takwas tare da ita. A shekarar 2015, ta rabu da Ayida bayan ta gano cewa ya yiwa budurwarsa tsohuwar budurwa. A ranar 5 ga Watan Oktoba shekarar 2017, wata Kotun Legas ta rusa auren Makinwa ga Ayida bisa dalilin cewa Ayida ta yi zina.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stargist.com/entertainment/lists/read-10-shocking-revelations-from-toke-makinwas-book-on-becoming/|title=Read 10 Shocking Revelations From Toke Makinwa's Book, 'On Becoming' {{!}} Nigerian Celebrity News + Latest Entertainment News|website=stargist.com|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327162116/https://stargist.com/entertainment/lists/read-10-shocking-revelations-from-toke-makinwas-book-on-becoming/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/toke-makinwa-parents-killed-fire/|title=How gas cylinder explosion killed Toke Makinwa's parents|date=2016-11-29|website=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/12/toke-makinwa-vector-to-host-the-2013-future-awards-tonight-in-port-harcourt/|title=Toke Makinwa & Vector to Host the 2013 Future Awards Tonight in Port Harcourt|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2013-12-20|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/09/bovi-toke-makinwa-are-the-hosts-of-the-2014-headies/|title=Bovi & Toke Makinwa are the Hosts of the 2014 Headies!|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2014-09-18|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/01/toke-makinwa-to-host-new-show-trending-on-hip-tv-to-debut-this-january/|title=Toke Makinwa to Host New Show “Trending” on Hip TV {{!}} To Debut this January|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2014-01-10|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/toke-makinwa-and-chris-okenwa-to-host-mgbn-2012/|title=Toke Makinwa and Chris Okenwa to host MGBN 2012|date=2012-05-01|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Hip TV|title=TRENDING HOST TOKE MAKINWA GETS SPECIAL BIRTHDAY TREAT (Nigerian Entertainment News)|date=2014-11-05|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zDAovEgN94|access-date=2019-03-31}}</ref> == Lamban yabo == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" |- !Shekaran bada lamban girma !Lamban yabo !Aji !Sakamako !Bayanai |- |rowspan="1"|2012 | [[The Future Awards Africa|The Future Awards]] <ref>{{cite web | url=http://rhythm937.com/entertainment/d-banj-banky-w-toke-makinwa-and-others-nominated-future-awards-2012 | title=Toke Makinwa nominated for Future Awards | accessdate=6 June 2014 | archive-date=14 July 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714194302/http://rhythm937.com/entertainment/d-banj-banky-w-toke-makinwa-and-others-nominated-future-awards-2012 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/07/18/for-leaders-entrepreneurs-innovators-the-2012-future-awards-nominees-list-unveiled-wizkid-ini-edo-p-square-clarence-peters-dolapo-oni-don-jazzy-toolz-make-the-coveted-list/ |author= Damilare Aiki| title=Future Awards nominees unveiled |publisher=bellanaija.com |date=18 July 2012|accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> | On Air Personality of the Year (Radio) | {{nominated}} | lost to [[Tolu Oniru]] of [[The Beat 99.9 FM]] <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.jaguda.com/2012/08/27/the-future-awards-2012-the-winners/ | title=2012 Future Awards Winners | publisher=jaguda.com | accessdate=6 June 2014 | archive-date=14 July 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162816/http://www.jaguda.com/2012/08/27/the-future-awards-2012-the-winners/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|2013 | Nigeria Broadcasters Awards <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/12/12/adora-oleh-uti-nwachukwu-karen-igho-toke-makinwa-at-the-2013-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-in-lagos-full-list-of-winners/ | title=Nigeria Broadcasters Awards list of winners | publisher=bellanaija.com | date=12 December 2013|accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> | Outstanding Female Presenter of the Year | {{won}} | {{n/a}} |- | [[2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] | Radio OAP of the Year | {{nom}} | Lost to [[Daddy Freeze|Freeze]] of Cool FM |- |rowspan="3"|2014 | [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards]] <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/02/25/toolz-freeze-wana-wana-toke-makinwa-nominated-in-favourite-nigerian-on-air-personality-slot-for-2014-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards/ |title=Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards nominees | publisher=bellanaija.com |date=25 February 2014| accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> | Favourite Nigerian On Air Personality | {{nominated}} | Lost to Freeze of Cool FM <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/02/toke-makinwa-toolz-and-others-nominated-for-the-2014-nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards.html |title=Toke Makinwa, Toolz and others for Nicklelodeon Kids Choice Awards |publisher=informationng.com |date=26 February 2014|accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|[[2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] | Entertainment Personality of the Year | {{nom}} |Lost to [[Denrele Edun|Denrele]] |- | Best OAP of the Year | {{nom}} |Lost to Yaw of Wazobia FM |- |2014 |ELOY Awards<ref>{{cite web|title=Exquisite Lady of the Year (ELOY) Awards Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chinedu Adiele|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |TV Presenter of the Year & Brand Ambassador ([[Maggi]]) | {{nom}} | |- |2017 |Glitz Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/08/toke-makinwa-wins-style-influencer-year-glitz-style-awards-2017/|title=Toke Makinwa wins Style Influencer of the Year at Glitz Style Awards 2017|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2017-08-20|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref> |Style Influencer of the Year | {{won}} |- |2017 |Avance Media<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://avancemedia.org/toke-makinwa-voted-2017-most-influential-young-nigerian-in-media-2/|title=Toke Makinwa voted 2017 Most Influential Young Nigerian in Media|last=pakpah|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2022-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702163815/https://avancemedia.org/toke-makinwa-voted-2017-most-influential-young-nigerian-in-media-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Most Influential Young Nigerian in Media | {{won}} |- |2018 |Africa Youth Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1190923-falz-davido-toke-makinwa-ahmed-musa-listed-100-influential-young-africans.html|title=Falz, Davido, Ahmed Musa listed among 100 most influential young Africans|last=Amodeni|first=Adunni|date=2018-09-07|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-04-01|archive-date=2019-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401061007/https://www.legit.ng/1190923-falz-davido-toke-makinwa-ahmed-musa-listed-100-influential-young-africans.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |100 Most Influential Young Africans<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/africa-youth-awards-davido-toke-makinwa-mohammed-salah-falz-named-on-100-most/f56tklp|title=Davido, Toke Makinwa. Mohammed Salah, Falz named on 100 most influential young Africans list|date=2018-09-06|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref> | {{won}} |- |} == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Ebuka and Toke Makinwa presenting at the 2020 AMVCA.jpeg File:Ebuka and Toke Makinwa presenting at the 2020 AMVCA 21 09 06 546000.jpeg File:NdaniTV Fashion Insider special Toke Makinwa OAP Nov 2018.png File:Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Executive Director, Project PINK BLUE with Sen. Aisha J. Alhassan, Minister of Women Affairs & Social Dev.; Dr. Ramatu Hassan, Rep. Minister of Health, Chidinma Ekile, Toke Makinwa, Annie Idibia at World Cancer Day.jpg File:Ebuka and Toke Makinwa presenting at the 2020 AMVCA 21 09 09 460000.jpeg </gallery> == Manazarta == ms5090ukkzoex88i4exmjk0u7azho0f 0 13885 547629 526305 2024-11-28T18:20:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Bimbo Akintola.png|thumb|Bimbo Akintola yar wasan fina finan kudancin najeriya]] '''Bimbo Akintola''' (An haifeta ranar 5 ga watan Mayu, 1970) ta kasance yar wasan fim a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/bimbo-akintola-toyin-oshinaike-in-troubled-union/|title=Bimbo Akintola, Toyin Oshinaike in troubled union|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=13 August 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814033707/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/bimbo-akintola-toyin-oshinaike-in-troubled-union/|archivedate=14 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/bimbo-akintola-falode-canvass-support-for-working-mothers/|title=Bimbo Akintola, Falode canvass support for working mothers|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=13 August 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814031001/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/bimbo-akintola-falode-canvass-support-for-working-mothers/|archivedate=14 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/age-is-no-barrier-to-marriage-bimbo-akintola/|title=Age is no barrier to marriage – Bimbo Akintola|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=13 August 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814034822/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/age-is-no-barrier-to-marriage-bimbo-akintola/|archivedate=14 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/01/bimbo-akintola-cries-out-i-dont-need-a-husband/|title=Bimbo Akintola cries out: I don’t need a husband!|publisher=vanguardngr.com|accessdate=13 August 2014}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Akintola ne a 5 Mayu 1970 ga uba daga [[Oyo (jiha)|jihar Oyo]] da uwa daga [[Edo|jihar Edo]] . Ta yi karatu a makarantar Maryland Convent mai zaman kanta a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] . Ta ci gaba da makarantar kwana ta Second Command, Legas. Ta sami digiri a fannin adabin Wasan Kwaikwayo daga Jami'ar Ibadan .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gistus.com/10230/bimbo-akintola-biography|title=Bimbo Akintola Biography|publisher=gistus.com|accessdate=13 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cknnigeria.com/2013/05/why-i-am-not-yet-married-at-42bimbo.html|title=Why I Am Not Yet Married at 42..Bimbo Akintola|publisher=cknnigeria.com|accessdate=13 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/12/special-report-30-nigerian-entertainers-presently-in-the-league-of-40s/|title=30 Nigerian entertainers presently in the league of 40s|date=9 December 2015|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|access-date=5 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430022151/http://thenet.ng/2015/12/special-report-30-nigerian-entertainers-presently-in-the-league-of-40s/|archive-date=30 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kulawa == [[Fayil:Chief Dr F.B.A. Coker wedding in Dublin.jpg|thumb|Bimbo Akintola a cikin mutane ]] Fitowar ta farko ita ce lokacin da ta fito a cikin fim din OWO BLOW a 1995 tare da [[Femi Adebayo]] sannan kuma suka bi ta ''Out of Bounds'' a 1997 tare da Richard Mofe Damijo . An zaba ta ne don ''Mafi Aiki a cikin Jagoranci a Aikin'' Nollywood Movie Awards na 2013 . == Zabin fim din == * ''[[Owo Blow|Owo Blow: The Genesis]] (1997) - as Mope Owolabi'' * ''Out of Bounds (1997)'' *[[Diamond Ring (1998 film)|''Diamond Ring'']] ''(1998)'' * ''The Gardner (1998)'' * ''[[Dangerous Twins]] (2004)'' * ''Without Shame (2005) - as Christy'' * ''Last Dance (2006) - as Sasha'' * ''Beyond the Verdict (2007) - as Defense Counsel'' * ''Smoke and Mirrors (2008) - as Nkechi'' * ''[[Hoodrush]] (2012) - as Alhaja Khadijah'' * ''[[Ayitale]] (2013) - as Kemi'' * ''[[Heaven's Hell]] (2015)'' * ''[[Husbands of Lagos]] (2015)'' * ''[[93 Days]] (2016) - as Dr. Ameyo Adadevoh'' * ''In Our Trap (2017) - as Chisom'' * ''[[Diamonds In The Sky]] (2019) - as Labake Aliyu'' * ''[[Lady Buckit and the Motley Mopsters]] (2020) - as iyabo Bozimo'' *''[[The New Normal (2020 film)|The New Normal]] (2020) - as Madam Jade'' *''Poor-ish (2021) - as Alero'' *''Dawn at Midnight (2022) - as Judy'' *''Ijakumo: The Born Again Stripper (2022) - as Madam Olanitemi'' *''Dangerous Mission (2023) - as Doris'' *''The Black Book (2023) - as Professor Craig'' *Beast of Two Worlds (2024) - as Abiade *The Farewell Plan (2024) == Jerin talabijan == {|class="wikitable" !Year: !Title: !Role !Director: !Ref |- |2015 |''Husbands of [[Lagos]]'' |{{n/a}} |{{n/a}} |<ref>{{cite web|title='Husbands of Lagos' Meet cast of upcoming TV series [Photos]|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/husbands-of-lagos-meet-cast-of-upcoming-tv-series-photos-id3571531.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=16 March 2013|archive-date=27 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427000352/http://pulse.ng/movies/husbands-of-lagos-meet-cast-of-upcoming-tv-series-photos-id3571531.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2016 | Ere Egele |{{n/a}} | Kunle Afolayan | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1970]] 798xsi318xwdnb1g6lhfsjifjyl415s 0 13910 548039 287089 2024-11-29T00:25:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Liz Aishat Anjorin''' (an haife ta ne da sunan Elizabeth Aishat Anjorin, sunan ta na farko ana ce mata '''Lizzy''' ), ta kasan ce kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya, wacce take da yawan fina-finai a masana'antar fim ta Yarbawa dake Najeriya. Ta ci lambar yabo ''mafi kyawu a jerin matan Nollywood, ta ci lambar girma na mata, a'' lambar yabo ta Achievers Award a cikin shekara ta, 2012, ''Kyautar Kyautar Jama'a na Kyautar fina-finai'' na Yara a cikin Kyautar ''Kyautata'' Kyautar City a cikin shekara ta, 2014 '','' ''City Kyautar Matasa ta '' Jama'a a shekara ta, 2017 da ''Kyautar Kyautar Kyautar Kyautar Jama'a na Kyautar Yara na Yara (Mata)'' a ''Kyautar Jama'a na City'' a karo na biyu a shekara ta, 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/liz-anjorin-actress-wins-award-back-to-back/q3kx5c0.amp|title=Liz Anjorin: Actress Wins Award Back To Back|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepointng.com/liz-anjorin-shines-at-city-people-movie-award/|title=Liz Anjorin shines at City People Movie Award|date=2017-10-16|website=The Point|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/who-won-what-at-city-people-entertainment-awards-2014/|title=Who won what at City People Entertainment Awards 2014|last=Says|first=Olawalegoodmus|date=2014-06-24|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.irokotv.com/2014/06/23/full-list-of-winners-at-2014-city/|title=Full List of Winners At The 2014 City People Awards|date=2014-06-23|website=irokotv blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19|archive-date=2019-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219214440/http://blog.irokotv.com/2014/06/23/full-list-of-winners-at-2014-city/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jaguda.com/music-news/city-people-awards-2014-winners-star-studded-event/|title=City People Awards 2014! All The Winners From The Star Studded Event {{!}} Jaguda.com|last=Jaguda|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19|archive-date=2019-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219214343/http://jaguda.com/music-news/city-people-awards-2014-winners-star-studded-event/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/full-list-winners-2017-city-people-movie-awards/|title=Full List Of Winners At The 2017 City People Movie Awards|last=Emmanuel|first=Daniji|date=2017-10-18|website=City People Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/sports/150557/liz-anjorin-dedicates-award-to-haters.html|title=Liz Anjorin Dedicates Award To ‘Haters’|website=www.thenigerianvoice.com|access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepointng.com/lizzy-anjorin-owo-nairabetll-rank-among-best-yoruba-films-ever-produced/|title=Lizzy Anjorin: Owo Nairabet’ll rank among best Yoruba films ever produced|date=2017-01-28|website=The Point|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/lizzy-anjorin-bags-best-actress-award/|title=Lizzy Anjorin bags Best Actress award|date=2012-10-19|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/11/i-never-said-poor-people-are-terrible-liz-anjorin/|title=I never said poor people are terrible - Liz Anjorin|date=2019-11-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref>. == Farkon rayuwa == Anjorin ta rayu ne a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya wanda galibin jama'ar Yarbawa suka mamaye shi. Anjorin ta bayyana a wata hira da jaridar [[ The Punch|The Punch]] cewa tun tana yarinya karama ta fara shan kayan abinci tare da kuma mahaifiyarta a titunan Najeriya domin samun abin rayuwa. == Karatu == Anjorin ta kammala karatun sakandare da sakandare kuma ta sami ''takardar shedar ficewa daga Makarantar Farko ta Sakandare'' da kuma tayi babban sakandare bi da bi. Anjista Anjorin ya samu shiga jami’ar Adekunle Ajasin a [[Ondo (jiha)|jihar Ondo]] don yayi karatun Law. Anjorin ba ta kammala karatun nata ba saboda haka ya hana ta samun digirin digirgir.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/fear-of-going-broke-drove-me-into-business-liz-anjorin/|title=Fear of going broke drove me into business –Liz Anjorin|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/liz-anjorin-gets-chieftaincy-for-birthday/|title=Liz Anjorin gets chieftaincy for birthday|date=2018-04-09|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref> == Aiki == A cikin wata hirar, Anjorin ta bayyana soyayyar ta ga aiki kafin ta ba da sanarwar a hukumance a masana'antar shirya finafinan hausa ta Najeriya; babban abin da ya haifar mata da wannan masana'antar shine tsoron talauci. Anjorin wani mai shirya fina-finai ne wanda ya fito da fina-finai da yawa; fim ne mai taken ''Owo Naira Bet'' tabbatar da rashin kwarewarta a matsayin mai shirya fim yayin da fim din ya samu nasarori da yawa. Anjorin ya samar da wasu fina-finai kamar ''Olani Gbarada'', ''Zinare, Iyawo Abuke, Kofo Tinubu, Kofo De First lady da Owo Naira Bet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/liz-anjorin-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-actress/d89jdk0.amp|title=Liz Anjorin: 5 things you need to know about the actress|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-19|archive-date=2019-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219214116/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/liz-anjorin-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-actress/d89jdk0.amp|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/fear-of-going-broke-drove-me-into-business-liz-anjorin/|title=Fear of going broke drove me into business –Liz Anjorin|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/where-there-are-women-there-will-be-evil-liz-anjorin/|title=Where there are women, there will be evil –Liz Anjorin|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/11/24/lizzy-anjorin-makes-history-with-owo-naira-bet/|title=Lizzy Anjorin Makes History with ‘Owo Naira Bet’|date=2018-11-24|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepointng.com/lizzy-anjorin-owo-nairabetll-rank-among-best-yoruba-films-ever-produced/|title=Lizzy Anjorin: Owo Nairabet’ll rank among best Yoruba films ever produced|date=2017-01-28|website=The Point|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref name=":22" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://noovell.com/similar/15828314/|title=Owo Naira Bet Breaks History|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/videos-alaafin-of-oyo-ooni-grace-owo-nairabet-premiere/|title=VIDEOS: Alaafin of Oyo, Ooni, grace ‘Owo Nairabet’ premiere|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref>'' ta kuma kasance daya daga cikin shahararrun mata a zaminta masu yin fim din kwaikwayo a kamfanin fim na yarbawa == Kishi == A ranar 21 ga watan Satumbar, shekara ta, 2019, wata jaridar buga jaridu ta Punch bayyana fitina tsakanin Anjorin da [[Toyin Abraham]] a matsayin ''“babbar fitina a masana’antar fim ta Yarbawa ta Najeriya”'' a shekarar, 2019. Rashin fahimtar da ke tsakanin Anjorin & Toyin Abraham ta bukaci sa hannun manyan ‘yan fim da kuma tsoffin masana’antar shirya finafinai ta Yarbawa kamar Antar Laniyan, da [[ Idowu Philips|Iya Rainbow]] don yin sulhu a kan takaddamar tasu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/toyin-liz-war-antar-laniyan-iya-rainbow-mr-latin-others-intervene/|title=Toyin/Liz war: Antar Laniyan, Iya Rainbow, Mr Latin, others intervene|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/09/defamation-liz-anjorin-petitions-ndlea-vows-to-get-justice-against-toyin-abraham/|title=Liz Anjorin petitions NDLEA, vows to get justice against Toyin Abraham|date=2019-09-20|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/biggest-celebrity-feuds-of-2019/|title=Biggest celebrity feuds of 2019|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Lamban girma == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Lamban girma !Kyuata !Sakamako |- |2012 |Young Achievers Awards |Best Actress |Won |- |2014 |City People Entertainment Awards |Yoruba Movie Personality of the Year |Won |- | rowspan="2" |2017 | rowspan="2" |City People Movie Awards |Special Recognition Award |Won |- |Yoruba Movie Personality of the Year (Female) |Won |} == Rayuwarta == Anjorin mahaifi ne daya. A shekarar, 2013 ne ta [[Musulunci|musulunta]] daga [[Kiristancìì|addinin Kiristanci]] zuwa [[Musulunci]] sannan ta dauki sunan Aishat wacce ta bayyana wa jaridar The Punch ta Najeriya a matsayin "sunan Musulinci".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/islam-has-changed-the-way-i-dress-liz-anjorin/|title=Islam has changed the way I dress — Liz Anjorin|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-19}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|3}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:yan Najeriya]] tbmo97s3zex0esa1p8kd7wt5btdqfez 0 13911 548036 502498 2024-11-29T00:24:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Lilian Afegbai picture at a Photoshoot.jpg|thumb|hoton lilian]] '''Lilian Afegbai''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 1991) 'yar wasan Najeriya ce kuma mai gabatar da fina finai a masana'antar fim ta Nollywood, Ita' yar Gidan ''Babban Africaan Afirka ce'' . A shekarar 2018, ta samu kyautar Kyautar Masu kallo a Afirka ta Masu Suna (AMVCA) don fina-finan Indiya na shekarar saboda fitowarta ta farko a ''Bound'' a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com/amvca-2018-full-list-of-winners/|title=AMVCA 2018: Full list of winners|publisher=}}</ref><ref name="360dopes.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.360dopes.com/2018/09/lilian-afegbai-biography-movies-height-pictures.html|title=Lilian Afegbai Biography, Movies, Height, Pictures - 360dopes|date=4 September 2018|publisher=|access-date=17 May 2020|archive-date=14 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114224033/https://www.360dopes.com/2018/09/lilian-afegbai-biography-movies-height-pictures.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2018/09/african-magic-viewers-choice-2018-award.html|title=African Magic Viewers Choice 2018 Award Winners List...|website=www.stelladimokokorkus.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lilian-afegbai-3-things-we-remember-about-actress-from-big-brother-africa-hotshot-id5744303.html|title=Lilian Afegbai: 3 things we remember about actress from Big Brother Africa: Hotshot|first=|last=Chidumga|publisher=|access-date=2020-05-17|archive-date=2018-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115195226/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lilian-afegbai-3-things-we-remember-about-actress-from-big-brother-africa-hotshot-id5744303.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[Fayil:Lilian Afegbai picture at a Photoshoot.jpg|thumb|Lilian Afegbai]] Lilian Afegbal ta fito ne daga jihar [[ Edo|Edo]], Nigeria. Primaryaramar firamarenta ita ce Matanmu na Manzanni, [[Benin]] . Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Maganar Bangane. Ta Studied Accounting a Jami'ar Benson Idahosa .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/lilian-afegbai-biography-profile-fabwoman/|title=Lilian Afegbai Biography -Profile- FabWoman|website=fabwoman.ng}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nigeriadailypost.com/2015/11/lilian-afegabi-posts-sexy-photo-where/|title=Lilian Afegabi posts sexy photo where she flashes hint of sideboob as she turns a year old - Nigeria Daily Post|website=www.nigeriadailypost.com}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Aiki == Lilian Afegbai ya halarci ''Big Brother Africa'' show a cikin shekarar 2014. Ta fito daga ɗayan taurari na gaskiya a waccan shekarar. Ta fito a cikin fim din shekarar 2015 ''Road zuwa jiya.'' Ta nuna kamar kanta a cikin ɗan gajeren fim ''Miyar kayan miya.'' Ta bayyana a jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Mnet Kuyi ''kyau'' kamar yadda Venice the blogger 2015/2016. Ta fito da fim din ''Dark Past.'' Ta fara kamfanin nishaɗin kamfanin nishaɗi ta EEP. Ta yi jita-jita a matsayin mai gabatarwa tare da fim din ''Bound,'' wanda ya nuna fitattun mutane Rita Dominic, Enyinna Nwigwe, Joyce Kalu da Prince Nwafor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/02/rita-dominic-eyinna-nwigwe-joyce-kalu-more-star-in-lilian-afegbais-movie-debut-as-a-producer-see-bts-photos-of-bounds/|title=Rita Dominic, Eyinna Nwigwe, Joyce Kalu & more star in Lilian Afegbai's Movie Debut as a Producer - See BTS Photos of "Bounds" - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naijapals.com/video/Dark_Past___Latest_Premium_Movie_Drama_2017___Chika_Ike__Mofe_Duncan__Mercy_Aigbe___Lilian_Afegbai-144827|title=Dark Past - Latest Premium Movie Drama 2017 - Chika Ike- Mofe Duncan- Mercy Aigbe - Lilian Afegbai - Naijapals|website=www.naijapals.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com/some-people-think-im-just-beautiful-without-brain-lilian-afegbai/|title=Some people think I’m just beautiful without brain –Lilian Afegbai|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newslocker.com/en-ng/news/nigeria-showbizz-news/lilian-afegbai-makes-production-debut-with-bound/|title=Lilian Afegbai makes production debut with ‘Bound’ - Nigeria Showbizz news - NewsLocker|website=Newslocker}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pepper-soup-watch-denrele-edun-beverly-osu-lisa-omorodion-in-teaser-id4893901.html,|title="Pepper Soup": Watch Denrele Edun, Beverly Osu, Lisa Omorodion in teaser|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|publisher=}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eventnews.tv/entertainment/new-african-magic-comedy-series-premiere-do-good/|title=New African Magic Comedy Series Premiere - Do Good|date=8 July 2015|publisher=|access-date=17 May 2020|archive-date=12 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012110857/https://www.eventnews.tv/entertainment/new-african-magic-comedy-series-premiere-do-good/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2014/10/20/nigerian-housemate-lilian-afegbai-evicted-big-brother-hotshot-2014|title=Nigerian housemate Lilian Afegbai evicted from Big Brother Hotshot 2014 - Daily Post Nigeria|date=20 October 2014|publisher=}}</ref> == Lamban girma == Lilian ta karɓi lambobin yabo da na severalan yawa da suka haɗa da Kyautar Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Binciken Masu sihiri ta Afirka (AMVCA) A cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.today.ng/culture/film/amvca-2018-full-list-winners-148666|title=AMVCA 2018: Full list of winners - TODAY.NG|date=2 September 2018|publisher=}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Lamban girma !Kyuta !Kyuta !Sakamako |- |2018 |Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards |Best Indigenous Movie Of the Year |Bound Movie/Self |Ta lashe<ref>https://www.today.ng/culture/film/amvca-2018-full-list-winners-148666</ref> |- |2017 |City People Entertainment Awards |Most Promising Actress |Self |Ta lashe<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.concisenews.global/2017/10/09/winners-city-people-movie-awards/ |access-date=2020-05-17 |archive-date=2019-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207215311/https://www.concisenews.global/2017/10/09/winners-city-people-movie-awards/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2018 |Lamode Magazine "The Green October Event" |Most Fashionable Celebrity of the Year |Self |Ta lashe<ref>https://fabwoman.ng/female-winners-at-lamode-magazines-2018-green-october-event-fabwoman/</ref> |} == Fina finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fina finai !Matsayi a fim !Bayanai |- |2016 |''Happy Ending'' |Amaka |Drama, Romance |- |2016 |''Dance To My Beat'' | |Drama, Romance |- |2015 |''Road To Yesterday'' |Yar aiki |Drama, Romance, Thriller |- |2017 |''Bound'' |Mai gabatarwa |Drama, Romance |- |2017 |''The Women'' | |Drama, Romance, Comedy |- |2018 |''Moms at War'' |Mara kunya |Drama, Romance, Comedy |- |2016 |''Do Good Series'' |Karuwa |Romance, Comedy |- |2014 |''Tinsel'' | |Romance, Drama |- |2018 |''Merry Men'' |Yar aikin banki |Romance, Comedy |- |2016 |''pepper Soup'' |Ita kadai |Drama |- |2016 |''The Wedding'' |Ada |Romance, Drama |- |2017 |''Baby Shower'' |Tolu |Romance, Drama, Comedy |- |2017 |''My Wife & I'' |Yetunde |Romance, Drama, Comedy |- |2016 |''Atlas'' |Iyhotu |Drama |} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2018/07/dance-to-my-beat.html|title=Dance To My Beat - Nollywood REinvented|date=31 July 2018|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/05/chika-ike-takes-on-a-challenging-role-in-happy-ending-alongside-lilian-afegbai-anthony-monjaro-more-watch-the-trailer/|title=Chika Ike takes on a Challenging Role in "Happy Ending" alongside Lilian Afegbai, Anthony Monjaro & More - Watch the Trailer - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com/lilian-afegbai-makes-production-debut-with-bound/|title=Lilian Afegbai makes production debut with ‘Bound’|publisher=}}</ref> == Manazarta == maj1s1qd9syqt7a02yt8y7nzfahzt59 0 13913 548105 494599 2024-11-29T05:39:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Tope Oshin.jpg|thumb|tope oshin]] [[Fayil:Our Voices- Tope Oshin, Behind the Lights, Camera and Action.webm|thumb|tope oshin]] '''Tope Oshin,''' (An haife ta a ranar 10 ga watan yuni shekarar, 1979). Ta kasance mai gabatar da shirye shirye a talabijin na Najeriya, kuma daraktan fina-finai, kuma mai gabatarwa da kuma bada umarni, wacce aka kira a matsayin, daya daga cikin fitattun 'yan Najeriya a fim na shekarar, 2019. <ref>https://ynaija.com/ynaija-presents-the-100-most-influential-nigerians-in-film-in-2019/</ref> A shekarar, 2015 mujallar ''Pulse'' ta sanya mata suna ‘daya daga cikin daraktocin fina-finan Najeriya 9 da ya kamata ku sani’ a masana'antar shirya [[ Nollywood|fina-]] finai ta [[ Nollywood|Nollywood]] . kuma a cikin Watan Maris shekara ta, 2018, a lokacin tunawa da Watan Tarihin Mata, an yi bikin OkayAfrica a matsayin daya daga cikin ''matan Okay100''. Yaƙin neman zaɓe yana murnar mata masu ban mamaki daga Afirka da kuma baƙin waje don yin raƙuman ruwa a wurare da dama na masana'antu, yayin da suke tasiri mai kyau a yankunansu da ma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref name="The Net NG3">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/mtv-shuga-season-6-launches-africa-lagos-premiere/|publisher=The Net NG|title=MTV Shuga Season 6 launches in Africa|date=February 23, 2018|accessdate=February 23, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-wedding-party-2-is-the-highest-grossing-nollywood-movie-id7879784.html|publisher=Pulse|title=The Wedding Party 2 - Sequel becomes Highest Grossing Nollywood Movie Of all Time|date=January 23, 2018|accessdate=January 23, 2018|archive-date=January 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123120033/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-wedding-party-2-is-the-highest-grossing-nollywood-movie-id7879784.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/tope-oshin-ogun-fifty-producer-shares-the-key-to-becoming-a-successful-filmmaker-id4717778.html|title="Fifty" producer shares the key to becoming a successful filmmaker|publisher=Pulse|accessdate=20 September 2016|archive-date=27 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927105026/http://pulse.ng/movies/tope-oshin-ogun-fifty-producer-shares-the-key-to-becoming-a-successful-filmmaker-id4717778.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/fifty-nigerian-movie-breaks-box-office-record-makes-n20m-in-holiday-weekend-id4509523.html|title=Nigerian movie breaks box office record, makes N20m in holiday weekend|publisher=Pulse|date=30 December 2015|accessdate=20 September 2016|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507110557/http://pulse.ng/movies/fifty-nigerian-movie-breaks-box-office-record-makes-n20m-in-holiday-weekend-id4509523.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[Fayil:Our Voices- Tope Oshin, Behind the Lights, Camera and Action.webm|thumb|Tope Oshin]] Tope Oshin ta fito daga dangin Krista masu ibada. Tun tana kuma yarinya ta tsunduma cikin zane, raye-raye da raye-raye, kuma suna da burin zama mai zane. Ta karanci ilimin tattalin arziki a [[Jami'ar Ilorin|Jami’ar Ilorin]], [[Kwara (jiha)|Jihar Kwara]], amma ta bar karatun don yin karatun Jami’ar Jama’a, daga nan kuma sai Theater Arts, TV & Film Production a [[ Jami’ar jihar Legas|Jami’ar Jihar Legas]] . Ta fara sha'awar yin fim kuma daga baya tayi karatun Production, kuma Cinematography a Colorado Film School of the [[ Community College of Aurora|Community College of Aurora]], [[Denver]], <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/hooray-for-nollywood-how-women-are-taking-on-the-world-s-third-largest-film-industry-1.2870650|newspaper=The Irish Times|title=Hooray for Nollywood: how women are taking on the world's third largest film industry|date=November 16, 2016|accessdate=December 15, 2016}}</ref> da [[ Makarantar Fim|Makarantar Firam na Met]], [[ Inganta Studios|Ealing Studios]], London bi da bi. Tope Oshin kuma jigo ce na 'Talents Durban' da [[ Berlinale Talent|Berlinale Talents]], <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/thisday/20150222/282157879692937|title=Four For Berlinale Talents|newspaper=ThisDay|accessdate=22 February 2015}}</ref> taron koli na ingantattun mashahurai daga duniyar finafinai da jerin finafinai a duk fadin duniya.<ref name="Pulse3">{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|title=9 Nigerian female movie directors you should know|publisher=Pulse|accessdate=20 September 2016|archive-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820184056/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="OkayAfrica-100 Women2">{{cite web|url=https://100women.okayafrica.com/film-tv-articles/2018/2/28/tope-oshin|title=TOPE OSHIN-OkayAfrica's 100 Women|publisher=OkayAfrica|accessdate=1 March 2018|archive-date=26 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326121158/https://100women.okayafrica.com/film-tv-articles/2018/2/28/tope-oshin|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Aikin fim == [[Fayil:VOA Our Voices 207- Women We Watched.webm|thumb]] Tope, wanda ya kasance ɗan [http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/index.php?topic=11363.0 wasan kwaikwayo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823165231/http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/index.php?topic=11363.0 |date=2017-08-23 }} na shekaru 12, wanda ya nuna a cikin fina-finai kamar ''[[ Rashin Gaskiya (fim ɗin 2010)|Relentless (fim na 2010)]]'', ya yanke hakora a cikin jagorancin, yana aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar darekta na ''[[ Koyarwar Afirika|The Afitocin Afirka]]'' . kuma ya kasance sananne ga jagorancin jagorancin shahararrun fina-finai na Afirka na Afirka da wasan kwaikwayo sabulu kamar su ''Hush'', ''Hotel Majestic'', ''[[Tinsel (jerin TV)]]'' da kuma 6 na [[MTV]] [[ Shuga (jerin talabijin)|Shuga]] . <ref name="The Net NG">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/mtv-shuga-season-6-launches-africa-lagos-premiere/|publisher=The Net NG|title=MTV Shuga Season 6 launches in Africa|date=February 23, 2018|accessdate=February 23, 2018}}</ref> Kodayake ta ba da umarnin gajeran fina-finai da dama da ake tsammani kamar su ''Sman Samari'', ''Har Zuwa Mutuwa'', ''Sabon Horizons'' da ''Ireti'', an santa da ita sosai don kyakkyawan fim ɗin shekarar 2018 wanda aka gabatar a fim ɗin ''[[ Sama Arewa (fim)|Arewa ta Arewa (fim)]]'', <ref>http://culturecustodian.com/tope-oshins-up-north-is-coming-to-netflix-this-october/</ref> da ''[[ Sabuwar Kudi (fim na shekarar 2018)|New Money]]'' . Oshin ta tsirar da wasu daga cikin mafi girma da akwatin ofishin watse fina-finai a Najeriya, ciki har da shekarar, 2015 romantic film ''[[ Hasalima (fim)|Hamsin]]'', game da hudu da hamsin-shekara mace Lagos mazauna, wanda ya barke akwatin ofishin records a kan saki a watan Disamba shekarar, 2015, shan N20 miliyan karshen mako. da ''[[ Bikin Aure 2|Bikin Biki 2]]'', kamar yadda yake a shekarar, 2018, mafi girman finafinan Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-wedding-party-2-is-the-highest-grossing-nollywood-movie-id7879784.html|publisher=Pulse|title=The Wedding Party 2 - Sequel becomes Highest Grossing Nollywood Movie Of all Time|date=January 23, 2018|accessdate=January 23, 2018|archive-date=January 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123120033/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-wedding-party-2-is-the-highest-grossing-nollywood-movie-id7879784.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>A shekarar, 2016, ta samar da kuma jagorar shirin gaskiya, ''Amaka's Kin: Matan Nollywood'', a matsayin abin tunawa da [[ Amaka Igwe|fitaccen jarumin]] fina-finai [[Amaka Igwe]], wanda ya mutu a shekarar, 2014. Littattafan bayanai sun tabo batutuwan da suka shafi darektocin matan Najeriya, suna aiki a masana'antar da maza suka mallaka. A matsayin bin diddigin rubutunta, a cikin shekarar, 2017, kuma a matsayin wani bangare na lokacin [[ BBC 100 Mata|Mata 100 na BBC]], Tope ya yi bikin sabuwar tsararrun mata masu shirya fina-finai da ke sake farfado da fim din Nollywood, ta hanyar gabatar da [[ BBC|shirin na BBC]] a ''Najeriya-Wanda aka harba shi Kamar Mace'' . Baya ga rubutattun wakokin BBC na World, ''[[ Amaka's Kin - Matan Nollywood|Kin]]'' 's na ''[[ Amaka's Kin - Matan Nollywood|Amaka's Kin - Matan na Nollywood suma]]'' sun yi tasiri kan sauran fina-finai na talabijin da kuma rubuce-rubucen su iri daya, ciki har da littafin Niran Adedokun na ''Ladies Calling the Shots'' . <ref>{{cite news|url=http://pmexpressng.com/ladies-calling-shots-book-female-directors-launch-lagos|title=Ladies Calling The Shots - Book on Female Directors For Launch in Lagos|date=July 17, 2015|accessdate=July 17, 2015}}</ref>Oshin ya tayar da wani takaddama a Najeriya, <ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/10/27/tope-oshins-we-dont-live-here-anymore-rattles-nollywood/</ref> lokacin da ta rubuta, ta gabatar da kuma kirkirar fim din Queer ''Ba Mu Da Ake Nan Nan'' <ref>https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/we-dont-live-here-anymore-watch-trailer-for-new-nigerian-gay-themed-movie/qeq4svd</ref> ga kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam TIERs (The Initiative For Equal Rights) a cikin shekarar, 2018. Ba a karɓi fim ɗin don sakin silima ba kuma an sami taƙaitaccen sakin layi kawai <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://myfilmhouse.ng/watch-online/we-dont-live-here-anymore/ |access-date=2020-05-17 |archive-date=2019-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101144453/https://myfilmhouse.ng/watch-online/we-dont-live-here-anymore |url-status=dead }}</ref> tare da Rarraba FilmOne a cikin shekarar, 2018. ''Ba Mu zauna a nan Ko yaya'' aka bincika a Afirka A cikin Motion Film Festival <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://2018.africa-in-motion.org.uk/festival/glasgow/event/310.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-05-17 |archive-date=2021-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022220805/http://2018.africa-in-motion.org.uk/festival/glasgow/event/310.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> a Glasgow, har ma sun yi jerin gwano da lambobin yabo da yawa <ref name="ynaija.com">https://ynaija.com/bon-awards-2018-tope-oshins-we-dont-live-here-anymore-wins-best-movie-of-the-year/</ref> abin mamakin a shekarar, 2018 Best Of Nollywood Awards a Najeriya. Za'a iya samun fim ɗin a halin yanzu a kan Amazon.Har ila yau, Tope yana da babban aiki mai kyau a matsayin mai jagoranci na Casting kuma ya jefa wa fina-finai da shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama gami da dukkanin lokuta 3 na Najeriya na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na MTV Staying Alive Foundation [[ Shuga (jerin talabijin)|Shuga]] Tope, ta hannun kamfanin ta Sunbow Productions [ng], an umurce shi da ya samar <ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/03/29/tope-oshin-to-produce-new-mtv-shuga-series/</ref> Kashi na 8 na MTV [[ Shuga (Jerin TV)|Shuga (TV Series)]], ana masa lakabi da MTV Shuga Naija 4, kuma an yaba shi <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2577388/fullcredits/?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm</ref> a matsayin Daraktan Shugaban, Nasihu, Mai gabatarwa da kuma Mai Shirya., bayan jagoranta da jefa Kashi na 6 na wasan kwaikwayon a cikin shekarar, 2017.Tun daga shekarar, 2015 har zuwa yau, Tope yayi aiki a matsayin mai bayar da agaji na [[ Kyautar kasa da kasa ta Emmy|International Emmy Award]] . <ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/ebonylife-tv-hosts-emmy-awards-judging-event/|title=EbonyLife hosts Emmy Awards Judging Event|date=July 17, 2015|accessdate=July 17, 2015}}</ref> == Rayuwarta == Auren Tope na shekarar, 2002 zuwa mawallafin allo, Yinka Ogun, ya buge da kankara kuma ya haifar da rabuwa ta dindindin a shekarar, 2014. Unionungiyar ta samar da yara 4, kafin ta ƙare.<ref name="Nation3">{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/amaka-igwe-encouraged-me-to-go-into-directing-nollywood-star-tope-oshin-ogun/|title=Amaka Igwe encouraged me to go into directing —Nollywood star Tope Oshin Ogun|publisher=The Nation|accessdate=20 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.omenkaonline.com/tope-oshin-the-rise-of-a-female-filmmaker|title=Tope Oshin - The Rise Of A Female Filmmaker|publisher=Omenka Online|accessdate=13 October 2016|archive-date=22 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222234828/http://www.omenkaonline.com/tope-oshin-the-rise-of-a-female-filmmaker/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt/talent/temitope-ogun/profile|title=Tope Oshin - Berlinale Talents}}</ref> == fina finai == === Nuna ta === * 2018 ''[[:en:Up_North_(film)|Up North]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://xplorenollywood.com/banky-w-to-lead-cast-for-tope-oshins-up-north/|title=Banky W to lead cast for Tope Oshin's Up North|publisher=XploreNollywood}}</ref> Director * 2018 ''We Don't Live Here Anymore''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/tope-oshin-new-film-we-dont-live-here-anymore-is-taking-on-the-lgbt-ya-canon/|publisher=YNaija|title=Tope Oshin's New Film - We Don't Live Here Anymore}}</ref> Director. Producer * 2018 ''[[:en:New_Money_(2018_film)|New Money]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7493184/|publisher=IMDB|title=New Money (2018)}}</ref> Director * 2017 ''InLine''<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tns.ng/line-tope-oshin-many-wont-see-toni-kan/|title=InLine-Tope Oshin's Amazing Film|publisher=TNS Nigeria|access-date=2020-05-17|archive-date=2022-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301152636/https://tns.ng/line-tope-oshin-many-wont-see-toni-kan/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Director * 2017 ''[[:en:The_Wedding_Party_2|The Wedding Party 2]]'' Producer * 2015 ''[[:en:Fifty_(film)|Fifty]]'' Producer * 2012 ''[[:en:Journey_to_Self|Journey to Self]]''<ref name="Pulse2">{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|title=9 Nigerian female movie directors you should know|publisher=Pulse|accessdate=20 September 2016|archive-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820184056/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Director === Kana nan fim === * 2015 ''Ireti'' . <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-press-release-beyond-nollywood-showcases-new-nigerian-cinema-2016-11-04.pdf|title=BFI Press release - Beyond Nollywood showcases New Nigerian Cinema 2016}}</ref> Darakta. Mai samarwa. Marubuci. * Daraktan ''Murkushe'' 2014. Mai samarwa. Edita. Marubuci. * 2013 ''Sabuwar Horizons'' . <ref>{{cite news|url=http://ebonylifetv.com/2014/03/08/ebonylife-tv-launches-new-horizons-a-powerful-short-film-against-domestic-violence/|title=EbonyLifeTV launches powerful short film against domestic violence|access-date=2020-05-17|archive-date=2018-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728071419/http://ebonylifetv.com/2014/03/08/ebonylife-tv-launches-new-horizons-a-powerful-short-film-against-domestic-violence/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Darakta. Mai samarwa. * ''Shekarar'' 2013 ''Zuwa Garemu'' . Darakta. Mai samarwa. * 2011 ''Matasan Sigari'' . Darakta. Mai samarwa. === Girke tarihi === * 2016 ''Amaka’s Kin - The Women of Nollywood''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-press-release-beyond-nollywood-showcases-new-nigerian-cinema-2016-11-04.pdf|title=BFI Press release - Beyond Nollywood showcases New Nigerian Cinema 2016}}</ref> Marubuciya * 2017 ''Nigeria: Shooting It Like A Woman''.<ref name="BBC World Service2">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cswbm0|title=BBC World Service - The Documentary, Nigeria: Shooting It Like A Woman|publisher=BBC World Service}}</ref> Mai gabatarwa === Fina finan talabijin === * 2019 ''MTV [[:en:Shuga_(TV_series)|Shuga]] Naija Season 4''.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2577388/fullcredits</ref> ShowRunner. Lead Director. Producer. Casting Director. Executive Producer. * 2018 ''MTV [[:en:Shuga_(TV_series)|Shuga]] Season 6''.<ref name="The Net NG2">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/mtv-shuga-season-6-launches-africa-lagos-premiere/|publisher=The Net NG|title=MTV Shuga Season 6 launches in Africa|date=February 23, 2018|accessdate=February 23, 2018}}</ref> Director. Casting Director. * 2017 ''Ever After'' (TV Feature) Director. Producer. Casting Director. Writer. * 2017 ''BattleGround'' (Tele-Novella, Pre-Production) Content Director/Consultant. * 2016 ''Hush'' (Tele-Novella) Director * 2016 ''EvoL'' (TV Feature) Director. Producer. Casting Director. Writer. * 2016 ''GidiUp 3'' (Drama Series, Unaired) Director * 2015 ''Hotel Majestic'' (Tele-Novella) Director * 2014 ''Walk The Talk'' (Talk Show, Season 1) Director, Producer. * 2013 ''Love and War'' (TV Movie) Director. Producer. Casting Director. * 2013 ''Conversations At Dinner'' (TV Movie) Director. Producer. Casting Director. * 2012 ''Bridges'' (Drama Series, Season 1) Director. * 2009-2013 ''[[:en:Tinsel_(TV_series)|Tinsel (TV series)]]'' (Soap Opera, Seasons 2-5) Director. Box/Content Producer. * 2009 ''Moments With Mo'' (Talk Show) Producer. == Lamban girma == * [[:en:OkayAfrica|OkayAfrica]] ''Okay100Women'' 2017 Honoree<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://100women.okayafrica.com/film-tv-articles/2018/2/28/tope-oshin |access-date=2020-05-17 |archive-date=2019-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904153502/https://100women.okayafrica.com/film-tv-articles/2018/2/28/tope-oshin |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Excellence in The Creative Industries Award - Sisi Oge Awards 2018<ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/04/sisi-oge-2018-winner/</ref> * Distinguished Alumni Medal of Honor 2016 - In-short film festival<ref>https://judithaudu.tumblr.com/post/154696115572/we-got-awarded-a-medal-of-honor-at-in-short-film</ref> * African Woman In Film Award 2015 by African Women Development Fund<ref>http://awdf.org/nigerian-tope-ogun-wins-awdf-women-in-film-award/</ref> === Kyauta === * Best Director of The Year - [[:en:Best_of_Nollywood_Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] 2018 - ''We Don’t Live Here Anymore''<ref>https://therustintimes.com/2018/12/10/we-dont-live-here-anymore-bags-5-awards-at-the-best-of-nollywood-awards/</ref> * Best Movie of The Year - [[:en:Best_of_Nollywood_Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] 2018 - ''We Don’t Live Here Anymore''<ref name="ynaija.com2">https://ynaija.com/bon-awards-2018-tope-oshins-we-dont-live-here-anymore-wins-best-movie-of-the-year/</ref> * Best Director Of The Year - [[:en:City_People_Entertainment_Awards|City People Entertainment Awards]] 2017 * Best Documentary - [[:en:Best_of_Nollywood_Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] 2016 - “Amaka’s Kin” * Best International Female Director - Womens Only Entertainment Film Festival 2016 -''Ireti'' * Best International Short Film - Womens Only Entertainment Film Festival 2016- ''Ireti'' * Best TV Program Director - [[:en:Nigerian_Broadcast_Media_Awards|Nigerian Broadcast Media Awards]] 2016 - ''Tinsel'' * Golden Short Award - [[:en:Golden_Movie_Awards_Africa|Golden Movie Awards Africa]] 2015 - ''New Horizons'' * Special Jury Award - [[:en:Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|Africa Movie Academy Awards]] 2014 - ''New Horizons'' * Teens Favorite TV & Film Producer - Teens Favorite Awards, Nigeria 2014 * Best Movie With A Social Message - [[:en:Best_Of_Nollywood_Awards|Best Of Nollywood Awards]] 2013 - ''Journey To Self'' * Best Narrative Film - [[:en:Slum_Film_Festival|Slum Film Festival]] 2013, Nairobi - ''The Young Smoker'' * Best Director - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]] 2012 - ''Till Death Do Us Part'' * Best Film - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]] 2012  - ''Till Death Do Us Part'' * Best Short Film - Abuja International Film Festival 2012 - ''Till Death Do Us Part'' * Best Directing - TAVA (The Audi Visual Awards), Lagos 2011 - ''Tinsel'' * Audience Prize - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]], Lagos 2011 - ''The Young Smoker'' * Special Jury Mention - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]], Lagos 2011 - ''The Young Smoker'' ==== Ayyanawa ==== * Best Nigerian Film - [[:en:Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|Africa Movie Academy Awards]] 2019 - ''Up North'' * Best Screenplay of The Year - [[:en:Best_Of_Nollywood_Awards|Best Of Nollywood Awards]] 2018 - ''We Don’t Live Here Anymore'' * Director Of The Year - Ebonylife TV Sisterhood Awards 2017 * Best Documentary nomination - ''Amaka’s Kin - The Women of Nollywood'' - [[:en:Africa_Magic_Viewers_Choice_Awards|Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]], Nigeria, 2017 * Best Short Film Nomination - ''Ireti'' - [[:en:Africa_Magic_Viewers_Choice_Awards|Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]], Nigeria, 2017 * Filmmaker of the year nomination - Divas Award, Nigeria, 2016 * Creative Personae of the year nomination - Nigerian Creatives Award, Nigeria, 2016 * Best Producer of The Year nomination - ‘Fifty’ - [[:en:Exquisite_Lady_Of_The_Year_Awards|Exquisite Lady Of The Year Awards]], Nigeria, 2016 * Director Of The Year - Lagos Entertainment Awards - Nigeria, 2016 * Best Short Film Award nomination - ''Ireti'' - Abuja Int’l Film Festival, Nigeria, 2016 * Best Short Film Award nomination - ''Ireti'' - [[:en:Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|Africa Movie Academy Awards]] Nigeria, 2016 * Golden Short Award Nomination - ‘Ireti’ - [[:en:Golden_Movie_Awards_Africa|Golden Movie Awards Africa]], Ghana 2016 * Best Program Director Nomination - ‘Tinsel’ - Nigerian Broadcast & Media Awards(NBMA), Nigeria, 2014 * Best TV Drama Nomination - ‘New Horizons’ - Nigerian Broadcast & Media Awards(NBMA), Nigeria, 2014 * Best Director Nomination - ‘Journey To Self’ - Nigerian Entertainment Awards(NEA), New York, USA 2014 * Best Short Film - ‘New Horizons’ - Best Of Nollywood Awards(BON),Nigeria, 2014 * Best Director nomination – ‘Journey To self’ - Zulu African Academy Awards(ZAFAA), London, UK, 2013 * Best Director nomination – ‘Journey To Self’ - Nollywood Movies Awards (NMA), Lagos, Nigeria, 2013 * Best Movie nomination – ‘Journey To Self’ - Nollywood Movies Awards (NMA), Lagos, Nigeria, 2013 * Best Short Film nomination – ‘Till Death Do Us Part’ - Nollywood Movies Awards (NMA), Lagos, Nigeria, 2013 * Best Short Film Award nomination - ‘The Young Smoker’ - [[:en:Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|Africa Movie Academy Awards]], Lagos, Nigeria, 2012 * Outstanding Film in Directing nomination - ’Till Death Do Us Part’ - Abuja International Film Festival, Abuja, Nigeria, 2012 * Best Short Film nomination - ‘The Young Smoker’ - Abuja International Film Festival, Abuja, Nigeria, 2012 * Best Director nomination - ‘The Young Smoker’ - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]], Lagos, Nigeria, 2011 * Best Film nomination - ‘The Young Smoker’ - [[:en:In-short_film_festival|In-short film festival]], Lagos, Nigeria, 2011 * Most Outstanding Short Film nomination - ‘The Young Smoker’ - TAVA (The Audi Visual Awards), Lagos, Nigeria, 2012 * Most Outstanding Short Film nomination - ’Till Death Do Us Part’ - TAVA (The Audi Visual Awards), Lagos, Nigeria, 2012 == Manazarta == 6q3iavnrwfj572ysgww991fk54vy3x1 0 13945 547871 475218 2024-11-28T21:33:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Iretiola Doyle''' (an rada mata suna '''Iretiola Olusola Ayinke''' ) yar wasan fim ce na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/08/patrick-took-his-time-convincing-me-to-date-him-iretiola-doyle/|title=Patrick took his time convincing me to date him –Iretiola Doyle|publisher=dailyindependentnig.com|accessdate=12 August 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111413/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/08/patrick-took-his-time-convincing-me-to-date-him-iretiola-doyle/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-love-tattoos-ireti-doyle/|title=I love tattoos –Ireti Doyle|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=12 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811190739/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-love-tattoos-ireti-doyle/|archive-date=11 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/03/02/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-in-her-40s-and-proud-tinsel-star-actress-ireti-doyle-steps-into-her-own-an-intimate-interview-on-teenage-pregnancy-motherhood-family/|title=N Saturday Celebrity Interview: In Her 40s and Proud, Tinsel Star Actress Ireti Doyle Steps into Her Own! An Intimate Interview on Teenage Pregnancy, Motherhood & Family|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=12 August 2014}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[File:Wedding Ceremony in Java, Indonesia (1).jpg|thumb]] An haifi Iretiola a ranar 3 ga watan Mayu a cikin shekarar 1967 a [[Ondo (jiha)|Jihar Ondo]], amma ta share shekaru tare da iyalinta a a garin [[Boston]] dake [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] . Bayan da ta dawo Najeriya, ta halarci Makarantar School Christ’s Ado Ekiti, kuma ta kammala a Jami’ar Jos tare da digiri a fannin wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.modernghana.com/mobile/3211/4/how-my-boss-became-my-husbandiretiola-olusola-ayin.html|website=Modern Ghana|title=HOW MY BOSS BECAME MY HUSBAND..........IRETIOLA OLUSOLA AYINKE DOYLE|date=November 2, 2008|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}</ref> == Sana'ar fim == [[File:Ireti Kingibe 2023.jpg|thumb|Iretiola Doyle]] A wani aiki da ta share tsawon shekaru 20 a masana'antar nishadi ta Najeriya, darajarta ta ragu a matakai, talabijin da fim da kuma bugawa.Iretiola Doyle marubuciya ce, 'yar fim, mai gabatarwa kuma mai gabatarwa. Ta yi kuma ta gabatar da nata salon wasan kwaikwayo da salon rayuwarta mai taken Oge With Iretiola tsawon shekaru goma kuma a lokuta daban-daban sun nishadantar da wasu shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama, kamar Morning Ride, A Yau On STV da Nimasa Wannan Makon a Channels TV. Ita marubuciya ce kuma tana da wasannin kwaikwayo na allo da yawa a gabanta na kyautar Amaka Igwe (Mataki na 1) kasancewa daya daga cikinsu.Iretiola Doyle wani mai sharhi ne game da zamantakewa wanda a lokuta daban-daban ya rubuta kansiloli daban-daban; Otinganƙarar inan iska a cikin Cityan Garin, kuma A Dakin Tattaunawa da ke cikin Gliteratti a cikin wannan Jaridar Wannan Rana da taken Tiola a cikin Asabar ɗin Asabar. An taba zaɓe ta sau ɗaya a cikin Mafi kyawun ressan wasan a cikin Reel Awards a 1998 saboda rawar da ta taka a fim ɗin All About Ere da kuma sau biyu a cikin mafi kyawun ressabilar A cikin Tallafin Rawar Samun Talla a cikin Asibitin AMAA a shekarar 2007 da 2009 saboda rawar da ta taka a Sitanda da Gaba ɗayan Nijar bi da bi kuma an ba da sanarwar ta zama 'Yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a cikin jagorancin jagorancin a lambar yabo ta GIAMA a cikin Houston Texas a cikin 2013,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/oge-with-iretiola/431866/|title=Oge with Iretiola|website=TVGuide.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.agency106.com/iretiola-doyle/ |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2017-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811233123/http://www.agency106.com/iretiola-doyle/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/2016-nominations-list.html|title=AMAA 2016 Nomination List|website=www.ama-awards.com|access-date=2017-12-22|archive-date=2017-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706200020/http://ama-awards.com/2016-nominations-list.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/|title=IRETI DOYLE – Fifty|website=fiftythemovie.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-22|archive-date=2017-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205233827/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma mafi kyawun' yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin rawar jagoranci a bikin Nollywood Movie Award na 2014 don hotonta na Ovo, a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Ilimin Jima'i. Wannan wasan kwaikwayon ya kuma sami lambar yabo ta Kyaututtukan Ra'ayoyi na Masu sihiri na Afirka don Kyawun Supportwararrun Tallafi a 2015. Kwanan nan aka ba ta lambar yabo a Kyautar Kyautar Koyarwar fina-finai na Afirka na 2016 a cikin Mafi kyawun ressabi'a A cikin Jagoranci Nau'in saboda hotonta na Dakta Elizabeth a Eblop Life Films 'blockbuster 2015 hit; BIYAR. Aikin Cire Iretiola Doyle CV har ila yau ya haɗa da babban mai ban dariya mai suna The Arbitration and The Wedding Party,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cinemaaxis.com/2016/09/15/tiff-2016-the-arbitration/|title=TIFF 2016: The Arbitration|date=2016-09-15|work=Cinema Axis|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=TIFF Trailers|title=THE ARBITRATION Trailer {{!}} Festival 2016|date=2016-08-16|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96a_agrtfnU|accessdate=2017-12-22}}</ref> wanda shine babban fim ɗin Najeriya mafi girma a tarihin silima na Najeriya (kamar na watan Fabrairu 2017). Dukkanin finafinan biyu an nuna su a Gasar Fim ta Duniya ta Toronto a shekara ta 2016 a matsayin wani bangare na gari zuwa hasken gari. Sauran sun hada da Abincin dare da Shugaban Madam. A farkon talata, shea ya kirkiro wasu haruffa wadanda zasu iya tunawa kamar Fuji House Of Commotion, Dowry, da Gidi Up. Iretiola a halin yanzu taurari ne a matsayin gwarzo mai karfi Sheila Ade-Williams a cikin jerin talabijin na MNET Tinsel.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/09/tiff-stood-still-wedding-party/|title=How TIFF stood still for 'Wedding Party' - Vanguard News|date=2016-09-17|work=Vanguard News|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/08/see-exclusive-bts-photos-of-the-wedding-party-watch-the-trailer-on-bn-set-to-premiere-on-the-opening-night-of-the-2016-toronto-international-film-festival/|title=EXCLUSIVE: "The Wedding Party" will PREMIERE on the Opening Night of the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival {{!}} Watch the Trailer on BN - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-22}}</ref> IrIretiolaoyle za ta yi tsokaci game da matsayinta na Dokta Elizabeth a jerin shirye-shiryen Talabijin na Biyar. Karancinta na kwanannan sun hada da The Vagina Monologues, Olorounbi The Musical and Listen word and the matan. An baiyana ta a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo' ta takwarorinta, an san ta da cikakkiyar halaye.<ref>{{Citation|last=Fuji House of Commotion|title=Nollywood Comedy Series: Fuji House of commotion - Love's Final Exam|date=2016-12-02|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZV0TaEOHgvE|accessdate=2017-12-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/watch-ireti-doyle-shine-in-the-political-thriller-madam-president/|title=Watch Ireti Doyle shine in the political thriller, 'Madam President'|last=Orubo|first=Daniel|date=2016-12-09|work=Konbini Nigeria|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222162623/http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/watch-ireti-doyle-shine-in-the-political-thriller-madam-president/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/05/first-look-at-ndani-tvs-gidi-up-series-season-2/|title=First Look at Season 2 of Ndani TV's "Gidi Up" Series - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-22}}</ref> == Fina finai == === Fim === * ''[[:en:Across_the_Niger|Across the Niger]]'' * ''[[:en:Sitanda|Sitanda]]'' * ''[[:en:Torn_(2013_Nigerian_film)|Torn]]'' * ''The Therapist (2015)''<ref>{{cite web|title=Monalisa Chinda, Lisa Omorodion, Ireti Doyle star in upcoming movie|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 May 2015|archive-date=20 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520122635/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Fifty_(film)|Fifty]]'' (2015) * ''[[:en:The_Arbitration|The Arbitration]]'' (2016) * ''[[:en:The_Wedding_Party_(Nigerian_film)|The Wedding Party]]'' (2016)<ref>{{cite web|title=Monalisa Chinda, Lisa Omorodion, Ireti Doyle star in upcoming movie|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 May 2015|archive-date=20 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520122635/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Dinner'' (2016) * ''[[:en:The_Wedding_Party_2|The Wedding Party 2]]'' (2017) * ''[[:en:Merry_Men:_The_Real_Yoruba_Demons|Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons]]'' (2018) * ''[[:en:Kasanova|Kasanova]]'' (2019) === Shirin talabijin === * ''[[:en:Tinsel_(TV_series)|Tinsel]]'' * ''For Coloured Girls'' (2011) * ''[[:en:Gidi_Up|Gidi Up]]'' (2014–present). == Rayuwarta == [[File:Ireti Doyle at AMVCA 2020 62 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Iretiola Doyle]] Tana da aure da Patrick Doyle kuma tana da yara shida<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mynewhitmanwrites.com/2013/03/ireti-doyle-speaks-on-motherhood-and.html?m=1|title=Ireti Doyle speaks on motherhood and Parenting|website=Myne Whiteman writes|accessdate=October 24, 2014|archive-date=October 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008070027/http://www.mynewhitmanwrites.com/2013/03/ireti-doyle-speaks-on-motherhood-and.html?m=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Fayil:Ireti Zaccheaus.jpg|thumb|Iretiola Doyle]] 991ydndluxk4kqjevi2lby5ia9vragj 0 13947 548041 433386 2024-11-29T00:26:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ugwu Lotachukwu Jacinta Obianuju Amelia''' ta kasance yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] wacce aka fi sani da '''Lota Chukwu,''' Ta samu karbuwa sosai ne bayan ta fito a wani fim a matsayin jaruma, tauraruwa ce a jerin fina finan Najeriya, kuma ta samu karbuwa ne bayan tayi fim din ''Jennifers Diary'' tare da Funke Akindele, Juliana Olayode, Falz, inda a fim din ta fito a "Kiki", aboki na jigon jagora, Jenifa , kuma ta kasance yar yoga ce mai motsa jiki.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/lota-chukwu-got-addicted-yoga/|title=‘I Followed My Friends To Jenifa's Diary Audition To Cheer Them Up’ – Lota Chukwu ‘Kiki’ Of Jenifa's Diary|author=Kemisola Ologbonyo|work=Star Gist}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm8219169/bio|title=Lota Chukwu|website=IMDb|access-date=25 June 2018}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == Lota an haife ta ne a [[Nsukka]], [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu]], [[Nijeriya|Nigeria]] amma tana da haɓaka ta yara a galibi a garin [[Benin City]] . Lota ita ce ta ƙarshe a cikin 'ya'ya huɗu na iyayenta. Ta karanci Fannonin Aikin Noma da Faduwa a Jami'ar Benin sannan daga baya ta fara aiki a Kwalejin Royal Arts da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.evatese.com/meet-lota-chukwu-the-nollywood-elixir-celeb-of-the-week/|title=Meet Lota Chukwu The Nollywood Elixir {{!}} Celeb of the Week – Evatese Blog|last=Evatese|website=www.evatese.com|access-date=25 June 2018|archive-date=25 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625051709/http://www.evatese.com/meet-lota-chukwu-the-nollywood-elixir-celeb-of-the-week/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.naija.ng/1114060-lota-chukwu-biography.html#1114060|title=Lota Chukwu biography and Nollywood career achievements|date=July 13, 2017|work=[[Naij]]|access-date=25 June 2018}}</ref> == Aikin fim == Kafin yin aiki, Lota ya kasance abin ƙira kuma ya shiga cikin fitowar Girlabilar Beautifulaukakiyar inan mata a Najeriya wanda ke wakiltar [[Yobe|jihar Yobe]] . Ta fara aiwatar da ayyukanta ne a shekarar 2011 amma ta shahara bayan da ta bayyana a [[ Rubutun Jenifa|madarar Jenifa]] kuma ta taka rawar Kiki. Ta kuma tauraruwa cikin fina-finai kamar Hotel din Royal Hibiscus, Faduwa, Yarinya mai kyau, jayayya, Dognapped.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/01/06/dognapped-nollywoods-first-live-action-animated-comedy-film/|title=Dognapped, Nollywood's first live-action animated comedy film|work=[[PM (newspaper)|PM News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://notjustok.com/video-download/video-reminisce-ponmile/|title=VIDEO: Reminisce – Ponmile|work=[[NotJustOk]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/fine-girl-watch-ozzy-agu-lota-chukwu-yvonne-jegede-in-trailer-id4870423.html|title=Watch Ozzy Agu, Lota Chukwu, Yvonne Jegede in trailer|date=April 1, 2016|work=Pulse NG|access-date=May 21, 2020|archive-date=July 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725153431/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/fine-girl-watch-ozzy-agu-lota-chukwu-yvonne-jegede-in-trailer-id4870423.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2011/06/the-most-beautiful-girl-in-nigeria-2011-34-beauties-vie-for-the-crown-vote-for-your-mbgn-2011-bellanaija-miss-photogenic/|title=The Most Beautiful Girl in Nigeria 2011: 34 Beauties Vie for the Crown – Vote for Your MBGN 2011-BellaNaija Miss Photogenic|date=June 15, 2011|work=[[BellaNaija]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5811182/fullcredits|title=The Arbitration (II) (2016) Full Cast & Crew|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/video-mp4/video-aramide-serious/144978.html|title=VIDEO: Aramide – Why So Serious|work=[[TooXclusive]]|access-date=2020-05-21|archive-date=2018-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913161016/http://tooxclusive.com/video-mp4/video-aramide-serious/144978.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lota an nuna shi a matsayin jagora a cikin fim ɗin [[ Tunatarwa (mawaƙa)|Reminisce]] 'Ponmile kamar yadda muke kamar bidiyon Aramide ' Why Why Serious A shekarar 2017 ta ba da sanarwar cire kayan abincin ta "Lota Takes", wani salon dafa abinci da salon rayuwa wanda ke nuna Lota a cikin abubuwanta a matsayin mai son abinci da kuma yanayi. Nunin ya nuna wasu manyan yan Najeriya da suka hada da [[Adekunle Gold]], [[ Tosin Ajibade|Tosin Ajibade]], Aramide (mawaƙa) MC Galaxy<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/lota-takes-mc-galaxys-kitchen-announces-new-show/|title=LOTA TAKES MC GALAXY'S KITCHEN, ANNOUNCES NEW SHOW|work=[[YNaija]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2017/12/lota-takes-adekunle-golds-kitchen/|title=Lota Takes: Adekunle Gold’s Kitchen|work=360nobs|access-date=2020-05-21|archive-date=2020-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528083717/https://www.360nobs.com/2017/12/lota-takes-adekunle-golds-kitchen/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/lota-chukwu-launches-new-show-lota-takes-teaser/|title=Lota Chukwu launches New Show 'Lota Takes'|work=[[BellaNaija]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://olorisupergal.com/2018/02/15/lota-takes-lota-chukwu-olorisupergals-kitchen-week/|title=LOTA TAKES : LOTA CHUKWU IS IN OLORISUPERGAL'S KITCHEN THIS WEEK|work=Olorisupergal|access-date=2020-05-21|archive-date=2020-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031183349/https://olorisupergal.com/2018/02/15/lota-takes-lota-chukwu-olorisupergals-kitchen-week/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.naijaonpoint.com/lota-takes-lota-chukwu-pays-a-visit-to-aramide/|title=Lota Takes: Lota Chukwu Pays A Visit To Aramide|work=naijaonpoint|access-date=2020-05-21|archive-date=2018-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625084028/https://www.naijaonpoint.com/lota-takes-lota-chukwu-pays-a-visit-to-aramide/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina finai == {| class="wikitable" !Lakabi !Matsayi !Mai bada umurni |- |''Deadly Instincts'' |Lead |Yemi Morafa |- |''The Perfect Plan'' |Sub Lead |Uzodinma Okpechi |- |''Wind Chasers'' |Supporting Cast |Uzodinma Okpechi |- |''Spotlight'' |Lead |Sunkanmi Adebayo |- |''Falling'' |Co-star |Niyi Akinmolayan |- |''Dognapped'' |Co-star |Kayode Kasum |- |''Fine Girl'' |Lead |Uduak Isong Oguamanam |- |''The Arbitration'' |Co-star |Niyi Akinmolayan |- |''Jenifa's Diary'' |Co-star |Funke Akindele |} <ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/09/must-watch-tope-tedela-julius-agwu-odunlade-adekola-more-star-in-live-action-film-dognapped-teaser/</ref><ref>https://independent.ng/lota-chukwu-ready-nollywood-business/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://irokotv.com/jenifas-diary |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2023-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422061354/https://irokotv.com/jenifas-diary |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Lamban girma == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Gudanarwa !Kyauta !Sakamako |- |2016 |Scream All Youth Awards |Film Revelation of the Year (Female) |Ayyanawa |- |2017 |City People Entertainment Awards |Best New Actress of the Year (English) |Ayyanawa |} <ref>http://thenet.ng/dbanj-linda-ikeji-don-jazzy-grab-scream-all-youth-awards-2016-nomination/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.concisenews.global/2017/10/09/winners-city-people-movie-awards/ |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2019-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207215311/https://www.concisenews.global/2017/10/09/winners-city-people-movie-awards/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1989]] 9ud6yqzoml3c2cpg538ivthczzsyzlg 0 13948 548080 546905 2024-11-29T03:47:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Queen Nwokoye in Agararcha.png|thumb|265x265px|Queen Nwokoye in Agararcha]] [[File:QueenNwokoye.jpg|thumb|hoton queen nwokoye]] [[Fayil:QueenNwokoye.jpg|thumb|Sauraniyah Nwokoye]] '''Sarauniya Nwokoye''' (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1982) ta kasance yar baiwa wacce ake so sosai, yar wasa, kuma yar fim a masana'antar fim dake Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/10/28/nollywood-queen-nwokoye-rachel-okonkwo-allegedly-fight-over-movie-role/|title=Nollywood: Queen Nwokoye, Rachel Okonkwo allegedly fight over movie role|author=|date=|work=Daily Post Nigeria|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/in-session-with-the-talented-queen-nwokoye-ada-mbano-of-nollywood/|title=In Session With The Talented Queen Nwokoye, Ada Mbano Of Nollywood|author=|date=|work=guardian.ng|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> An fi saninta da tauraruwa a wani fim mai suna ''Chetanna'' a shekara ta (2014).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/will-ini-edo-win-2015-amaa-best-actress-award-tonight/|title=Will Ini Edo win 2015 AMAA Best Actress award tonight?|author=|date=26 September 2015|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref>. == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == Nwokoye an haife ta ne a jihar Legas kuma dangin Katolika ne amma kuma ta fito daga Ihembosi a karamar hukumar Ekwusigo ta jihar Anambra a Najeriya . Ta fara karatun nata ne a makarantar firamare ta Sojan Sama. Ta kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Sarauniya, [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]] kafin ta tafi Jami’ar Nnamdi Azikiwe Awka, [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] inda ta karanci ilimin zamantakewar dan adam da kuma ilimin dabbobi. Ta girma ne da burin zama lauya.<ref name="naij">{{cite web|url=https://www.naij.com/588699-not-condemn-nudity-art-will-not-actress.html|title=I Actually Wanted To Be A Lawyer But It Did Not Work Out – Actress Queen Nwokoye|author=H. Igwe|date=6 October 2015|work=Naij.com - Nigeria news.|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> == Aikin fim == [[File:GD and Queen Mother.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Poster - Queen Christina 02 Crisco restoration.jpg|thumb]] Tun lokacin da ta fara ''fitowa fili'' a shekara ta (2004) a cikin wani fim mai taken ''Nna Men'', Nwokoye ta ci gaba da haskakawa a cikin fina-finan Najeriya da dama, inda ta samu lambobin yabo da kuma samun suna.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actress-id4061692.html|title=Queen Nwokoye: 5 things you probably don't know about actress|author=Chidumga Izuzu|date=11 August 2015|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=22 May 2016|archive-date=20 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520123515/http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actress-id4061692.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://expressng.com/2015/07/amaa-best-actress-queen-nwokoye-hopeful-to-beat-ini-edo-and-jocelyn-dumas/|title=AMAA Best Actress: Queen Nwokoye Hopeful To Beat Ini Edo And Jocelyn Dumas|author=|date=|work=Entertainment Express|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> == Fina finai == * ''Nna Men,'' a shekara ta (2004) * ''His Majesty, a shekara ta'' (2004) * ''The Girl is Mine, a shekara ta'' (2004) * ''Security Risk, a shekara ta'' (2004) * ''Save The Baby, a shekara ta'' (2005) * ''Back Drop, a shekara ta'' (2005) * ''Speak The Word, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''My Girlfriend, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''Last Kobo, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''Lady of Faith, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''Disco Dance, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''Clash of Interest, a shekara ta'' (2006) * ''The Last Supper, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''When You Are Mine, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''The Cabals, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''Show Me Heaven, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''Short of Time, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''Sand in My Shoes, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''Powerful Civilian, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''Old Cargos, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''My Everlasting Love, ashekara ta'' (2007) * ''Confidential Romance, a shekara ta'' (2007) * ''The Evil Queen, a shekara ta'' (2008) * ''Temple of Justice, a shekara ta'' (2008) * ''Onoja, a shekara ta'' (2008) * ''Heart of a Slave, a shekara ta'' (2008) * ''Female Lion, a shekara ta'' (2008) * ''Angelic Bride'' (2008) * ''Prince of The Niger'' (2009) * ''Personal Desire'' (2009) * ''League of Gentlemen'' (2009) * ''Last Mogul of the League'' (2009) * ''Jealous Friend, a shekara ta'' (2009) * ''Makers of Justice, a shekara ta'' (2010) * ''Mirror of Life, a shekara ta'' (2011) * ''End of Mirror of Life, a shekara ta'' (2011) * ''Chetanna, a shekara ta'' (2014) * ''Nkwocha, a shekara ta'' (2012) * ''Ekwonga, a shekara ta'' (2013) * ''Ada Mbano, a shekara ta'' (2014) * ''Agaracha, a shekara ta'' (2016) * ''New Educated Housewife, a shekara ta'' (2017) * ''Blind Bartimus, a shekara ta'' (2015) * Evil Coffin, a shekara ta (2016) <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=39TYyuWofOQ</ref> == Lamban girma == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Lamban girma !Kyuata !Sakamako !Bayanai |- | rowspan="2" |2011 | rowspan="2" |2011 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Supporting Actress in an English Movie |Ayyanawa | |- |Fresh Scandal Free Actress |Ci | |- |2012 |2012 Nollywood Movies Awards |Best Actress in an Indigenous Movie (non-English speaking language) |Ayyanawa | |- |2013 |2013 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Lead Actress in an English Movie |Ayyanawa | |- |2014 |2014 Nollywood Movies Awards |Best Indigenous Actress |Ayyanawa | |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |11th Africa Movie Academy Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role |Ayyanawa | |- |2015 Zulu African Film Academy Awards |Best Actor Indigenous (Female) |Ci | |- |2015 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role (Igbo) |Ci | |- |2016 |2016 City People Entertainment Awards |Face of Nollywood Award (English) |Ci | |} <ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2011/09/the-2011-best-of-nollywood-bon-awards-hosted-by-ini-edo-tee-a-nominees-list-best-kiss-special-award/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160604224427/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/28737/1/queen-nwokoye-becomes-busiest-nollywood-actress.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2016-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624033226/http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/events/best-of-nollywood-awards-2015-see-full-list-of-winners-id4459200.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2017-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807154159/http://www.pulse.ng/events/best-of-nollywood-awards-2015-see-full-list-of-winners-id4459200.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20161208102412/http://thenet.ng/2016/07/full-list-of-winners-at-2016-city-people-entertainment-awards/</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Entertainment_Today</ref><ref>http://www.informationng.com/2014/03/actress-queen-nwokoye-shares-picture-of-her-twin-sons.html</ref><ref>https://lailasnews.com/actress-queen-nwokoye-and-husband-welcome-baby-girl-photos.html{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Iyali== Sarauniya Nwokoye ta auri Mr. Uzoma wanda yake da wasu 'yan tagwaye da' ya mace. == Manazarta == 8jtzvnr538bh3iirmjy801qnxv4cb6g 0 13955 548058 511235 2024-11-29T02:04:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Muma Gee at the 2008 HipHop World Awards.jpg|thumb|Muma Gee]] [[Fayil:Muma Gee 91.7 Radio PH.jpg|thumb|Muma gee a shekarat 2013]] '''Gift Iyumame Eke''' ( Uwame. Haihuwa 18 Nuwamban shekarar 1978), anfi sanin ta da suna '''Muma Gee''' ( /m u m ə dʒ iː / ), wanda ke nufin "yi Kyauta mai kyau", marubuciyar waka ce, kuma mawaƙiya, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, [['Yar kasuwa|']] yar kasuwa, mai tsara suttura, mai aiki a gidan talabijin 'yar siyasa. An kuma haifeta a ina?kuma tana zaune a birnin Port Harcourt. Uwame ta fara samun ra'ayin zama tauraruwa ta hanyar wakar ta "Kade", wanda ya zama taken waƙoƙin albam din ta na farko, wanda aka saki a 2006. Bidiyon wakar Awa wanda Wudi Awa ya jagoranta, ta samu nasaba har gusa biyar, biyu daga AMEN Awards (mafi Kyawun Hoto da kwalliya) da kuma kowanne daga kyautar Bidiyon Waƙoƙin Najeriya (Nigerian Music Video Award), kyautar Headies Awards, da kuma Kyautar Sound City Music Video Awards.<ref>"6 Famous Nollywood Actresses Who Studied At UNIPORT". ''www.operanewsapp.com''. Retrieved 28 May 2020.</ref> Uwame ta yi fice a cikin shekara ta 2010 a matsayin 'yar takarar kyautar jerin fitattun finafinan Najeriya na TV wato "Gulder Ultimate Search".<ref>"6 Famous Nollywood Actresses Who Studied At UNIPORT". ''www.operanewsapp.com''. Retrieved 28 May 2020.</ref> Kafin shigar ta wasanni na ''show'', ta yi aiki a kan wakokin ta na albam guda biyu a studiyo ''The Woman in Question,'' wanda za'a saki kwana daya kafin a kore ta. "Amebo" da "African Juice" su ne wakoki guda biyu da aka saki daga kundin. Uwame har wayau ta yi aiki tare da wasu mawaka da furodusoshi kamarsu Samini, [[ VIP (rukunin hip hop)|VIP]], OJB, Cobhams Asuquo da Terry G, da dai sauransu. A shekarar 2009, an ba ta lambar yabo daga cikin lambobin yabo guda uku na ''Nigerian Music Video Awards''.<ref name="Muma Gee emeka ike">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/12304/3/mixed-feelings-over-emeka-ikes-reaction-after-muma.html|title=Mixed Feelings Over Emeka Ike's Reaction After Muma Gee's Eviction|publisher=Modernghana.com|date=7 May 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="dailysun">{{cite news|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=35805|title=Muma Gee: Why Ngor- Okpala crowned me as queen|last=Agadibe|first=Christian|date=18 August 2013|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|Sunnewsonline.com]]|publisher=[[Daily Sun]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|1232142|Solid Affection (2008)}}</ref> A farkon shekara ta 2012 ne, Uwame ta fara aiki a kan wani sabon kundin kide kide da ake kira ''Motherland'' kuma tun daga lokacin ta saki wakoki dai-dai da suka hada da "Port Harcourt Is Back", "African Woman Skilashy" da kuma "Jikele". A matsayinta na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, ta taka rawa a cikin fina-finan Nollywood kamar su ''Last Dance'' (2006),<ref>''Last Dance (2006)'' at [[IMDb]]</ref> ''Solid Affection'' (2008),<ref>''Solid Affection (2008)'' at [[IMDb]]</ref> ''Secret Code'' (2011),<ref>''Secret Code (2011)'' at [[IMDb]]</ref> da kuma ''The Code'' (2011).<ref>''The Code (2011)'' at [[IMDb]]</ref> Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu akwai manyan lakabi da girmamawa kamar su, Oonyon 1 na Upata Kingdom, Sarauniyar wakokin Afirka, Pop Sarauniya,<ref name="Muma Gee laughs out">{{cite web|url=http://www.audionigeria.com/?p=2710|title=What about the size of his 'thing'’?: Muma Gee Laughs out loud– ha!|publisher=Audio Nigeria Multimedia|date=|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430061934/http://audionigeria.com/?p=2710|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|2715808|The Code (2011)}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|2715812|Secret Code (2011)}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|1067190|Last Dance (2006)}}</ref> da Mrs. Ngor-Okpala. [[Fayil:Gift Uwame.jpg|thumb|Muma Gee]] Halin zamantakewar rayuwar Uwame da alakar da ake zargi sun sami togiya daga kafafen yada labarai, wanda ya fi shahara da kasancewarta ma'abociyar [[ Al'amarin Batsa|damuwa]] da tsohon abokin karatun GUS Emeka Ike.<ref>"Mixed Feelings Over Emeka Ike's Reaction After Muma Gee's Eviction". Modernghana.com. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> A shekarar 2011, Uwame ya auri jarumin fim Prince Eke, ta kuma haifi tagwaye namiji da mace, a ranar 18 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2014.<ref name="Muma Gee twins">{{cite web|url=http://www.africanspotlight.com/2014/04/19/singer-muma-gee-husband-prince-eke-welcome-twins/|title=Singer Muma Gee and husband Prince Eke welcome twins|publisher=African Spotlight|date=19 April 2014|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=22 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422031514/http://www.africanspotlight.com/2014/04/19/singer-muma-gee-husband-prince-eke-welcome-twins/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Chioma and Muma Gee">{{cite web|url=http://nigeriafilms.com/news/7542/27/muma-gee-releases-new-album-the-woman-in-question.html|title=Muma Gee releases new album: The Woman in Question|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=13 May 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430071137/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7542/27/muma-gee-releases-new-album-the-woman-in-question.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == An kuma haife ta a birnin [[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers|Jihar Rivers]] ga iyayen Ekpeye na [[ Ekpeye|ƙabilar]] Igbo, Uwame ta girma a cikin iyalin Krista, itace ta uku a cikin 'ya'ya shida.<ref>"The role Emeka Ike played in my marriage". ''Vanguardngr.com''. Vanguard Media. 15 June 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> Mahaifinta, wanda ya kasance likitan soja ne, wanda ya mutu tun yana yarinya.<ref>"I believe in looking good – Muma Gee". ''Punchng.com''. The Punch. 25 March 2012. Archived from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, mahaifiyarta ta cigaba da rainon Uwame har zuwa girman ta. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru huɗu ne, ta shiga cikin mawaƙa na cocin da suke hakarta, cocin ''The Seventh-day Adventist.'' A nan ne ta fara fahimtar baiwar ta na waka. Bayan da ta gama karatunta na firamare da sakandare a Abuja, Uwame ta yi rajista a Jami’ar Fatakwal, kuma ta sami digiri a fannin wasan kwaikwayo wato Theater Arts. Bayan ilimin ta, ta mallaki wasu kamfanoni da dama da suka hada da kamfanin saida motoci, gidajen abinci, shagunan dinki da kuma wuraren wanke kai (saloon). Ta kuma kasance a cikin masu daukan nauyin wasannin waka na Port Harcourt, tare da yin wasanni a wuraren shaƙatawa na dare da makamantansu.<ref name="African queen Muma Gee">{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201402100348.html|title=Nigeria: Muma Gee – Controversial, Weird but Focused|last=|first=|date=9 February 2014|work=[[AllAfrica.com]]|publisher=[[AllAfrica Global Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee claims she don't dope">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/nvnews/5586/3/i-dont-take-drugs-i-am-naturally-high-on-stage-mum.html|title=I Don't Take Drugs; I Am Naturally High on Stage – Muma Gee|publisher=TheNigerianvoice.com|date=9 January 2009|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="vanguardngr1">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/the-role-emeka-ike-played-in-my-marriage/|title=The role Emeka Ike played in my marriage|last=|first=|date=15 June 2013|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="vanguardngr1" /><ref name="Thepunchnews">{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/my-favourites/i-believe-in-looking-good-muma-gee/|title=I believe in looking good – Muma Gee|last=|first=|date=25 March 2012|work=[[The Punch|Punchng.com]]|publisher=[[The Punch]]|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325095749/http://www.punchng.com/spice/my-favourites/i-believe-in-looking-good-muma-gee/|archive-date=25 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Koma [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Muma Gee ta zauna a birnin [[Surulere (Lagos)|Surulere]], yankin kasuwanci na birnin. Jim kaɗan bayan haka, ta hadu da mai daukan shirin film Nelson Brown. Brown ya taimaka matuka wajen yaɗa yawancin waƙoƙin Muma Gee na farko. A shekara ta 2006, an fitar da kundin albam, mai suna ''Kade'' a faifan CD zuwa shagunan wake-wake. Muma Gee ta yi bayanin ma'anar taken wakar a wani hira da akayi da ita, "kalma ce mai bada karfin gwiwa. Muma ta yi imani sosai tallafawa maras karfi. don hakane wakarta "Kade" yana nuni bayar da shawarwari da akan tallafawa wajen gina al'umma [. . . ] Misali, kamar yadda ta bayyana, a yaren ta, kalmar Kade, na nufin tafi, amma cikakkiyar ma'anar kalmar itace ci gaba da tafiya wata rana za ka/ki isa.<ref>"I'm Spiritual —Muma Gee". Nigeriafilms.com. 4 December 2006. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> Gabannin fitowar wannan kundi da aka ambata, Muma Gee ta tuntuɓi Wudi Awa don yin bidiyon ga wannan wakar. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da bidiyon ya fito, bayan kuma an gyara kuma an aika shi zuwa tashoshin talabijin, sai ya zama sananne a cikin kankanin lokaci, yana mai jawo hankulan masoya kide-kide a Najeriya. Daga baya za a zabi ''Kade'' a matsayin lambobin yabo na "AMEN Awards",<ref>"One of the many Nigeria music awards shows 2007– nominees and winners". Museke. 31 July 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> Nigerian Music Video Awards, Headies Awards, da kuma Sound City Music Video Awards.<ref name="Muma Gee nominated">{{cite web|url=http://m.museke.com/node/1804|title=Soundcity (Nigeria) Music Video Awards – check winners below|publisher=Museke|date=2 April 2008|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430002745/http://m.museke.com/node/1804|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="African queen Muma Gee2">{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201402100348.html|title=Nigeria: Muma Gee – Controversial, Weird but Focused|last=|first=|date=9 February 2014|work=[[AllAfrica.com]]|publisher=[[AllAfrica Global Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee amen nominated">{{cite web|url=http://m.museke.com/node/1381|title=One of the many Nigeria music awards shows 2007– nominees and winners|publisher=Museke|date=31 July 2007|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430002834/http://m.museke.com/node/1381|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee is spiritual">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?contentid=968&ContentTypeID=5|title=I'm Spiritual —Muma Gee|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=4 December 2006|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430002150/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?contentid=968&ContentTypeID=5|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee is spiritual" /><ref name="vanguardngr12">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/the-role-emeka-ike-played-in-my-marriage/|title=The role Emeka Ike played in my marriage|last=|first=|date=15 June 2013|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref> === 2007 –2010: Star Trek, ''Mata'' === A cikin watan Yuni na shekarar 2007, Muma Gee ta taka rawa a wurin bikin shekara-shekara na Nigerian Breweries - wanda akamfanin wakoki na Star Trek tta dauka nauyi. Ita kaɗai ce mace mawallafin solo da aka kira don rera waka a ƙarshen ƙafar yawon shakatawa na ƙasa. An gudanar da bikin nune-nunen ne a [[Enugu (birni)|harabar]] Otal din Otal da ke [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu,]] inda aka nuna tauraron mawakan Najeriya da suka hada da [[P-Square]], Daddy Showkey, Davina, da Shine Band,<ref name="star trek1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?ContentTypeID=5&contentid=1555|title=Day Muma Gee Trekked To Enugu in Search of a Husband|publisher=Nigeriafilms|date=16 June 2007|accessdate=8 May 2014|archive-date=8 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508225030/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?ContentTypeID=5&contentid=1555|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="star trek">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/archive2/tblnews_Detail.php?id=21678|title=Muma Gee, Davina, P-Square draw curtain on Star Trek|publisher=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=9 June 2007|accessdate=8 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee hints new album">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/1605/3/scandals-keep-me-relevant-muma-gee.html|title=Scandals keep me relevant – Muma Gee|publisher=Modernghana.com|date=22 September 2007|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="vanguardngr4">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/02/muma-gee-in-panafrican-collabo/|title=Muma Gee in PanAfrican collabo|last=Sowoolu|first=Lolade|date=26 February 2010|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee amebo">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?contentid=2538&ContentTypeID=7|title=With Amebo, Muma Gee changes gear|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=18 May 2008|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430072759/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/content.asp?contentid=2538&ContentTypeID=7|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee amebo" /><ref name="Muma Gee single">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/3177/6/vacancy-i-am-single-apply-within-muma-gee.html|title=Vacancy: I am single, apply within – Muma Gee|publisher=Modernghana.com|date=25 October 2008|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="NMVA 2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguda.com/2009/10/16/nigerian-music-video-awards-2009-nominees-keffi-mi-darey-mo-hitts-dominate/|title=Nigerian Music Video Awards 2009 Nominees – Keffi, MI, Darey & Mo-Hitts Dominate|publisher=Jaguda.com|accessdate=29 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429191311/http://www.jaguda.com/2009/10/16/nigerian-music-video-awards-2009-nominees-keffi-mi-darey-mo-hitts-dominate/|archivedate=29 April 2014}}</ref> da sauransu. Muma Gee ta fito a kanshi tana sanye da mayafin rigar mama da wani farin mayafi, mai santsi. Ta shiga cikin gungun mata magoya baya a gasa na rawa don samun damar lashe kaunarta. Karshen wasan nata ya zo ne yayin da ta rungume shi, ya rungume ta da kokarin samun lebe tare da wanda ya ci nasara a bainar jama'a. Hakanan an yiwa budurwar saurayin. A ƙarshen 2007, ta fara nuna cewa tana aiki a kan sabon kundin album dinta na gaba. A cikin shekara na gaba, a ranar 18 ga watan Mayun 2008, an sanar da cewa wakar "Amebo" zai fara fitowa daga cikin wakokin kundin. A cewar Muma Gee, wannan waƙar ita ce abin da ta dade tana so ta ƙirƙira: "Ina yin abin da nake so. Na fara yin gwaji tun lokacin ina Jami’ar Portharcourt. Yanzu, ina so in ga abin da zan iya cimma a fasahance". Da take bayanin abin da wakar "Amebo" ta ke nufi, ta ce, "Ni 'yar gida ce, ni mawaƙiya ce 'yar asalin ƙasa. Na yi imani sosai da Najeriya. Don haka, wakar "Amebo" kawai tana magana ne game da mutanen mu, dabi'unmu, da alaƙoƙinmu.<ref name="vanguardngr42">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/02/muma-gee-in-panafrican-collabo/|title=Muma Gee in PanAfrican collabo|last=Sowoolu|first=Lolade|date=26 February 2010|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu ne, Muma Gee ta hau wannan wakar a wani gidan rawa na dare a Ikoyi. Sauran rawar da ta taka a bikin sun hada da, ganawa da masoyan ta da kuma sa hannun izini ga masoyan ta. "Amebo" an aika zuwa gidajen rediyo daga baya; Muma Gee ta yi magana a takaicce game da sabon kundin album din, tana mai cewa, “Na lura da cewa akwai wakokin soyayya da yawa a cikin kundi. Wataƙila ina koyon ƙa'idodin fadawa a cikin ƙauna. (Tayi dariya) kuma tana samun ra'aryi na wakoki na, wataƙila, maiyuwa hakane, ba ni da tabbacin hakan. A cikin shekara ta 2009, Muma Gee ta fitar da kundin wakokin ta na biyu wato <nowiki>''</nowiki> Africa Juice <nowiki>''</nowiki> da kuma bidiyon wakan, wanda daga baya wannan bidiyo ya jawo mata lambar yabo na Nigerian Music Video Awards. A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 2010, ''[[ Vanguard (Najeriya)|Vanguard ta ba da]]'' sanarwar cewa album din Muma Gee na biyu, mai taken ''The Woman in Question'' zai fito ne a cikin watan Maris. Tare da waɗannan bayanai, an sanar da cewa Muma Gee tayi waƙoƙi tare da [[Samini]], [[ VIP (rukunin hip hop)|VIP]], da kuma Terry G a cikin wannan kundi kuma furodusoshin za su haɗa da [[Cobhams Asuquo]], Puffy T, Terry G da OJB.<ref>"Sowoolu, Lolade (26 February 2010). "Muma Gee in PanAfrican collabo". ''[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]''. [[Vanguard Media]]. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> A cikin watan Maris na 2010 ne, Muma Gee ta fito a cikin wani shirin wasan kwaikwayon talabijin wato [[Gulder Ultimate Search]]. An zabe ta tare da wasu taurari mutum tara da suka halarta. Bayan an tura su zuwa daji, sai ta saba da wani abokin aikinta [[Emeka Ike]]. Duk da haka, kusancin su ya sanya masu kallo sun fara zargin cewa tarayyar su ba abota bace kawai. Kafofin labarai daban-daban da rukunin labarai na tsegumi sun nuna cewa Ike mutum ne kyakkyawa da ke da aure, wanda ita kuma Muma Gee ta fara kauna. An kara yin zargin cewa jaruman sun [[ Rashin Jima'i|aikata fasiqanci]] yayin wani sashe na wanka a yayin da ake daukan shirin na wasan kwaikwayon. Muma Gee ta yarda da cewa akwai alaka na musamman tsakanin ta da abokin tafiyar ta amma ta musanta zargin jima'in.<ref name="vanguardngr3">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/05/muma-gees-best-kept-secrets/|title=Muma Gee's best kept secrets|last=|first=|date=29 May 2010|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chioma vs Muma Gee1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7564/7/warchioma-chukwuka-vs-muma-gee.html|title=Chioma Chukwuka VS Muma Gee|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=20 May 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430063442/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7564/7/warchioma-chukwuka-vs-muma-gee.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="Muma Gee Gus">{{cite web|url=http://www.gulderultimatesearch.tv/GUS%207/news_08.html|title=Muma Gee ignites GUS camp|publisher=Gulderultimatesearchtv.com|date=|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=19 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019062158/http://www.gulderultimatesearch.tv/GUS%207/news_08.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="vanguardngr3" /><ref name="Muma Gee denies">{{cite web|url=http://www.underdarock.com/blog/muma-gee-denies-sex-rumours-with-actor-emeka-ike/|title=Muma Gee denies sex rumours with actor, Emeka Ike|publisher=UnderDaRock.com|date=20 March 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201029/http://www.underdarock.com/blog/muma-gee-denies-sex-rumours-with-actor-emeka-ike/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Emotional Muma Gee">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7685/7/i-am-emotionally-attached-to-emeka-ike-so-what-mum.html|title=I am emotionally attached to Emeka Ike, so what? – Muma Gee|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=22 May 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430065755/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7685/7/i-am-emotionally-attached-to-emeka-ike-so-what-mum.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="vanguardngr3" /> A wani labarin kuma, [[ Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Chukwuka ta tsani]] Muma Gee sannan ta watsar mata da kayanta daga tantinta. Ta sha fadar munanan maganganu game da Muma Gee a lokuta da dama kuma ta yi jawabai marasa dadi game da halin aurenta. Har iya tsawon lokacin da suka zauna a cikin wannan dajin, dukkannin masu neman takarar sun kasance cikin hayaniyanda juna. An fitar da su a rana daya don saboda sun gaza kammala ayyukan da aka basu. Washe gari aka sako wakar Uwame wato ''Woman in Question''. A ranar 8 ga Mayu, 2010, a wata hira da Nigeriafilms.com, Chukwuka ta bayyana cewa abin da ta aikata wa Muma Gee da gangan ne kuma kadan ne daga cikin rashin kunyarta. A watan Yunin shekarar 2010, an. gayyace Muma Gee zuwa bautan mika godiya a Cocin Redeemed Christian Church, wanda zakaran Gus Emeka Ike da matarsa Emma suka gayyace ta. A nan ne ta hadu kuma ta kulla alaka da jarumi mai tasowa na fina-finan Nollywood, Prince Eke - babban aminin Ike - wanda ta bayyana cewa Ubangiji ne ya aiko shi kuma zai nemi auranta nan gaba ba dadewa ba. A ranar 23 ga Yuni, Uwame ta karɓi zoben neman aure daga hannun Eke jim kaɗan bayan ya isa lafiya daga wurin aiki. Daga nan sai ta aureshi a shekara mai zuwa.<ref name="eke">{{cite news|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=87952|title=Love at first sight: How Prince Eke proposed to me —– Muma Gee|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|Daily Sun]]|date=26 October 2014|accessdate=29 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="Thenationnigeria">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/sunday-magazine/glamour/42336-the-whole-truth-about-my-marriage-%E2%80%94muma-gee.html|title=The whole truth about my marriage —Muma Gee|publisher=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=8 April 2012|accessdate=25 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120410193807/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/sunday-magazine/glamour/42336-the-whole-truth-about-my-marriage-%E2%80%94muma-gee.html|archivedate=10 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="vanguardngr2">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/05/muma-is-the-woman-in-question/|title=Muma is the Woman in Question|last=|first=|date=14 May 2010|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chioma explains">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7468/7/my-quarrel-with-muma-gee-on-screen-was-mere-preten.html|title=My quarrel with Muma Gee on screen was mere pretence –Chioma Chukwuka-Akpotha|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=8 April 2010|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430072015/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7468/7/my-quarrel-with-muma-gee-on-screen-was-mere-preten.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Muma Gee, 2008.jpg|thumb|Muma Gee]] === 2011- zuwa yanzu: Aure da zama ''mahaifiya'' === A ranar 23 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 2011, rahotanni sun bayyana ranar da za a yi [[ White bikin aure|bikin]] Muma Gee da Eke na White a matsayin 18 ga Nuwamba, da kuma wurin da za a yi a Gidan Cire,Port Harcourt International Church. A watan Agusta na 2011, an ruwaito Muma Gee ya koma dan lokaci daga Legas ya koma Fatakwal don shiga cikin siyasa. Kodayake ba a sake samun cikakken bayani game da ci gaban a lokacin ba. Daga baya kuma za ta bayyana a cikin tambayoyin da ta yi cewa babu wata niyya ta siyasa da za ta sanya ta koma garin. A ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2011, Muma Gee ya bayyana cewa bikin auren yana cikin gyare-gyare na ƙarshe. Koyaya, a ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 2011, ma'auratan sun yanke shawarar dawo da ranar daurin aure don suyi aiki akan bidiyon kidan Muma Gee, "Port Harcourt Is Back". A ranar 20 ga watan Disamban shekarar 2011, Muma Gee da Prince Eke sun yi aure a wani bikin gargajiya na gargajiya a Ahoada Gabas da Ngor Okpala bi da bi. A ranar 23 ga Disamba 2011 ne aka fara yin wani farin fararen bikin a Port Harcourt. Bayan aurenta da Eke, Muma Gee ta ci gaba da aikinta na kade-kade. A watan Fabrairun 2012, ta saki "Port Harcourt Is Back" da bidiyon kiɗa nata, wanda mijinta Eks Prince Eke ya jagoranta. Da take magana game da manufar waƙar, ta yi bayani "Yana da guda ɗaya kuma ƙarin godiya ga canji a cikin mahaifata ta." Bugu da kari, Muma Gee ta bayyana cewa sabon kundin nata da ake kira ''Motherland'' yana kan gaba, kuma "abin da na samu lokacin da na je Port Harcourt bayan shekaru da yawa a Legas. Yana da dumi da maraba. " A ranar 8 ga Afrilu a waccan shekarar, waƙoƙin na biyu na <nowiki>'' African Woman Skillashy ''</nowiki> ya biyo baya. Bidiyon kiɗan, wanda Bobby Hai Ndackson ya jagoranta an sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. Muma Gee ta fada wa ''[[ Vanguard (Najeriya)|Vanguard]]'' cewa "[wakar] duka labarin matar Afirka ce, kyawunta da yadda ta mai da kanta kyakkyawa. Saboda haka bai kamata mace mace a Afirka ta kasance cikin rudani ko a wulakantar da ita ba saboda mace ce. Duk da cewa kyakkyawa ce, tana da karfi kuma tana da girman kai. A cikin Maris 2013, ta saki "Jikele" a matsayin na farko na kundi. An bayyana ''mahaifiyar Mamaland'' a matsayin kundin waƙoƙi 12 kuma idan aka tambayi me yasa ake ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo? Ta yi sharhi "mutum yana buƙatar ɗaukar lokacin mutum saboda kyakkyawan aiki yana ɗaukar lokaci. Amma dole ne ya cancanci jira a ƙarshe. A lambar yabo ta 'People City' a karo na 14, 14 ga Yuli 2013, ta shahara a wajan mawa} in na Kudancin Kudu a wajan kide-kide ta jihar Oba Omega; wadanda suka halarci bikin sun hada da fitattun [[ Rita Dominic|Rita Dominic]] da Yvonne Nelson daga Ghana. Muma Gee gasar a farko [[Imo|Jihar Imo]] intercommunity kyakkyawa pageant, wakiltar al'umma na Umuhu a [[Ngor Okpala]] . Ta shigo gasar ne ta dalilin hadin gwiwarta da Eke, wanda gataninta ya samo asali ne daga mutanen Umuhu.<ref name="vanguardngr13">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/the-role-emeka-ike-played-in-my-marriage/|title=The role Emeka Ike played in my marriage|last=|first=|date=15 June 2013|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguardngr.com]]|publisher=[[Vanguard Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Thepunchnews2">{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/my-favourites/i-believe-in-looking-good-muma-gee/|title=I believe in looking good – Muma Gee|last=|first=|date=25 March 2012|work=[[The Punch|Punchng.com]]|publisher=[[The Punch]]|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325095749/http://www.punchng.com/spice/my-favourites/i-believe-in-looking-good-muma-gee/|archive-date=25 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Thenationnigeria2">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/sunday-magazine/glamour/42336-the-whole-truth-about-my-marriage-%E2%80%94muma-gee.html|title=The whole truth about my marriage —Muma Gee|publisher=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=8 April 2012|accessdate=25 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120410193807/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/sunday-magazine/glamour/42336-the-whole-truth-about-my-marriage-%E2%80%94muma-gee.html|archivedate=10 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="odili.net">{{cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2011/dec/11/500.html|title=All set for Muma Gee's triple wedding|publisher=Odili.net|date=11 December 2011|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502032732/http://odili.net/news/source/2011/dec/11/500.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee cancels">{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201111040995.html|title=Nigeria: Muma Gee Postpones Wedding|last=|first=|date=4 November 2011|work=[[AllAfrica.com]]|publisher=[[AllAfrica Global Media]]|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Thenationnigeria2" /><ref name="wedding coming">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/13486/48/queen-of-african-musicmuma-gee-wedding-slated-for-.html|title=Queen of African music, Muma Gee wedding slated for November 18th 2011|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=6 September 2011|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430065948/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/13486/48/queen-of-african-musicmuma-gee-wedding-slated-for-.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee politiking">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/12982/25/actress-cum-singermuma-gee-relocates-to-port-harco.html|title=Actress cum singer, Muma Gee relocates to Port Harcourt to lobby for political appointment|publisher=Nigeriafilms.com|date=3 August 2011|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430055311/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/12982/25/actress-cum-singermuma-gee-relocates-to-port-harco.html|archive-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee gettin wed">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/56704/3/actress-cum-singer-muma-gee-set-to-wed.html|title=Actress cum singer, Muma Gee set to wed|publisher=TheNigerianvoice.com|date=23 July 2011|accessdate=29 April 2014}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2013, aka sa mata suna Mrs. Uwargidan gwamnan jihar Imo, Ngoma Okpala, Nneoma Nkechi Okorocha, bayan da ta doke wasu kalubale daga wasu mutane 28 da suka shigo. Hakanan ya zama sananne a ranar 23 Satumba 2013, cewa Muma Gee ta fara sabon zaman rikodi-watakila don ''Motherland'' - tare da Slim Burna da P Jaydino a cikin ɗakin studio . A 15 ga Fabrairu 2014, yayin da take da juna biyu da ɗanta na fari, ta tabbatar a cikin wata tattaunawa ta wayar tarho da Asabar Beats na ''[[ The Punch|The Punch]]'' cewa za ta yi a bikin ƙaddamar da kundin kida don ''Motherland'' ba tare da la’akari da yanayin jikinta ba. A ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 'yan makonni kafin bikin kide kide da wake-wake, Uwame ya haifi tagwaye - yaro da yarinya da ke sharhi kan wannan Uwame sun ce, "Tun farko ban yi tsammanin tagwaye ba ne. Abinda kawai na sani shine na fara girma da girma. Kuma mutane za su gan ni su ce, oh, kana da kyau kyau sosai. Ban yi imani ba zan kasance da tagwaye. "<ref name="muma gee happy">{{cite web|url=http://encomium.ng/muma-gee-hubby-excited-over-miraculous-twins/|title=Muma Gee, hubby excited over miraculous twins|publisher=Encomium Magazine|date=27 April 2014|accessdate=21 July 2014|archive-date=20 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720073735/http://encomium.ng/muma-gee-hubby-excited-over-miraculous-twins/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Jikere">{{cite web|url=http://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/get-familiar-muma-gee-jikele|title=Get Familiar: Muma Gee – Jikele|publisher=360nobs.com|date=19 March 2013|accessdate=29 April 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430100931/http://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/get-familiar-muma-gee-jikele/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925162350/http://www.vnolly.com/muma-gee-in-the-studio-with-singer-slim-burna-and-his-co-producer-photo/|url=http://www.vnolly.com/muma-gee-in-the-studio-with-singer-slim-burna-and-his-co-producer-photo/|title=Muma Gee in the studio with singer Slim Burna and his Co-producer [PHOTO]|publisher=Vnolly Magazine|archivedate=25 September 2013|accessdate=6 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee Pregnant">{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/muma-gee-is-pregnant/|title=Muma Gee is pregnant|last=Ben-Nwankwo|first=Nonye|date=15 February 2014|publisher=[[The Punch]]|accessdate=12 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513020802/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/muma-gee-is-pregnant/|archive-date=13 May 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="mindspace102">{{cite web|url=http://nollywoodmindspace.com/2013/07/16/list-of-winners-city-people-entertainment-awards/|title=List of Winners: City People Entertainment Awards|publisher=Nollywoodmindspace.com|date=16 July 2013|accessdate=10 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="mindspace101">{{cite web|url=http://nollywoodmindspace.com/2013/06/23/list-of-nominees-city-people-entertainment-awards-2013/|title=List of Nominees: City People Entertainment Awards 2013|publisher=Nollywoodmindspace.com|date=23 June 2013|accessdate=10 May 2014}}</ref> == Siyasa == A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2014, Muma Gee ta sanar da niyyarta na neman kujerar majalisar wakilai ta tarayya na mazabar Ahoada East-Abua – Odual na jihar Rivers. Da farko ta yi rajista ta zama mamba a Jam’iyyar People's Democratic Party na jihar Rivers amma daga baya ta sauya zuwa Jam’iyyar Labour Party, inda ta zama 'yar takarar kujera a karkashin jam'iyyar. Yayin da take karin haske game da dalilan ta na shiga siyasa, Muma Gee ta bayyana matakin a matsayin hanyar da ta dace don "'yantar da mutanen ta" wanda a cewar ta sun cancanci wakilci mai tasiri wanda zai share masu hawayen su. Betty Apiafi ce ta kayar da ita a zaben fidda gwani, wacce ta tsaya a matsayin 'yar takarar PDP kuma wanda ke wakiltan mazabar tun a shekara ta 2007.<ref name="The Punch">{{cite news|author1=Nonye Ben-Nwankwo|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/yoruba-totally-ungrateful-people-ahmadu-ali/|title=Though I lost, no regrets going into politics — Muma Gee|work=[[The Punch]]|publisher=Punch Nigeria Limited|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629155956/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/though-i-lost-no-regrets-going-into-politics-muma-gee/|archivedate=29 June 2015|accessdate=20 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="muma nov 8">{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/im-not-quitting-music-muma-gee/|title=I’m not quitting music – Muma Gee|publisher=The Punch|date=8 November 2014|accessdate=9 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108013234/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/im-not-quitting-music-muma-gee/|archive-date=8 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Muma Gee runs">{{cite web|url=http://nationalhelm.com/2014/11/2015-elections-more-entertainers-join.html|title=2015 Elections; More Entertainers Join Politics, Muma Gee Picks Nomination Form|last=Andra|first=Chinedu|publisher=National Helm|date=1 November 2014|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="Saint45">{{cite news|author=Don Saint|title=Muma Gee Emerges As Candidate For Federal House of Representatives Under Labour Party|url=https://diamondcelebrities.org/2014/12/11/muma-gee-emerges-as-candidate-for-federal-house-of-representatives-under-labour-party/|accessdate=20 October 2016|work=[[Diamond Celebrities]]|location=|via=|date=11 December 2014}}</ref> == Rayuwarta == [[File:Gift Uwame.jpg|thumb]] Uwame na zaune a Birnin Porth Harcourt tare da mijinta dan fim, wanda kuma sun kasance cikin farin ciki tun aurensu a shekara ta 2011. Dukansu biyun Kiristocin ne. Tun daga ranar 18 ga watan Afrilun 2014, suna da yara biyu, tagwaye saurayi da budurwa, waɗanda suka sanya masu suna Chika da Chisa Eke. Yayanta na uku da 'yarsa ta biyu, Okwuluoka, an haife ta a rana iri daya da mahaifinta Prince Eke a ranar 18 ga Agusta 2016.<ref name="Pulse1">{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/prince-eke-muma-gee-couple-welcome-baby-number-three-id5395429.html|title=Prince Eke, Muma Gee, Couple welcome baby number three|website=Pulse.ng|accessdate=20 October 2016|archive-date=21 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021000801/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/prince-eke-muma-gee-couple-welcome-baby-number-three-id5395429.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Van899">{{cite news|author=Benjamin Njoku|title=Muma Gee’s love story: ‘I went through purification before marrying my husband’|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/04/muma-gees-love-story-i-went-through-purification-before-marrying-my-husband/|accessdate=21 October 2016|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|location=|via=|date=11 April 2015}}</ref> == Wakoki == {| class="wikitable" !Take !Albam |- !''Kade'' | * Released: 2006 * Label: Black Attraction Productions * Formats: CD |- !''The Woman in Question'' | * Released: 3 May 2010 * Label: Mgee Records * Formats: CD, VCD |} == Fina finai == {| class="wikitable" |- !Shekara !Fina finai !Matsayi !Bayani |- | rowspan="3" |2006 |''Last Dance 1'' | |with Chioma Chukwuka |- |''Last Dance 2'' | | |- |''Last Dance 3'' | | |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Solid Affection 1'' | |with Oge Okoye, Uche Jombo & Ramsey Nouah |- |''Solid Affection 2'' | | |- | rowspan="3" |2011 |''Secret Code'' |Jean |with Prince Eke & Mercy Johnson |- |''The Code 1'' |Jean | |- |''The Code 2'' |Jean<br /> |} == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Muma Gee 91.7 Radio PH.jpg File:Mumagee2011.jpg File:Muma Gee at City People Awards 2010.jpg </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1978]] 5827lllydg2oq97mtdto8w9hics8m0k 0 13958 548071 546884 2024-11-29T03:24:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Osas, Vimbia and IK.jpg|thumb|Osas Ighodaro]] '''''Osas Ighodaro,''' (An saka mata suna 'Osariemen Martha Elizabeth Ighodaro''' bayan da'aka haifeta, an haifeta ne a 26 ga watan Oktoba) yar Najeriya ce, kuma yar fim, mai shirya fina finai a fannin saka sutura (kaya), kuma mai ba da agaji. Ta yi nasara a hannun Miss Black USA Pageant a shekara ta 2010 kuma ta kafa Gidauniyar ta Joyful Joy, ta tara kudade da wayar da kai game da yakar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro . Kari akan haka, ta dauki bakuncin Zabi Masu Kyautar Masu Bayyanar Zina a Afirka ta 2014 . Ta taka rawar Adanna (Danni) a kan wasan opera sabin ''Tinsel'', kuma ta lashe Best TV Actress of the Year a 2014 ELOY Awards. Osas ya fito a jerin manyan jaruman Nollywood na 2018.<ref><nowiki>{{cite web | url=</nowiki>https://sodasandpopcorn.com/osas-ighodaro-nollywood-2018/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331061447/https://sodasandpopcorn.com/osas-ighodaro-nollywood-2018/ |date=2022-03-31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/miss-black-connecticut-crowned-miss-black-usa-2010-in-the-nations-capital-100512849.html|title=Miss Black Connecticut Crowned Miss Black USA 2010 in the nations capitol|publisher=PrNewswire.com|accessdate=10 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nollywoodexpress.com/trending-with-osas-ighodaro/|title=Trending with Osas|publisher=nollywoodexpress.com|date=2014-04-22|accessdate=11 July 2014|archive-date=2020-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012102621/http://nollywoodexpress.com/trending-with-osas-ighodaro/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/06/15/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-its-ok-to-come-back-home-from-new-york-to-lagos-tinsel-actress-osas-ighodaro-is-spreading-her-wings-living-her-dream/|title=Its Ok to Come Back Home: From New York to Lagos Tinsel actress Osas Ighodaro is spreading her wings|publisher=bellanaija.com|date=2013-06-15|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/osas-ighodaro-ajibade/malarias-deadly-toll_b_9772254.html|title=Malaria Deadly Toll|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Osas, Vimbia and IK (cropped).jpg|thumb|Osas Ighodaro]] Ighodaro an haife shi ne a Bronx, New York, [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], ga iyayen Najeriya daga [[Edo|jihar Edo]] . Ta samu digirin digirginta na farko a aikin watsa labarai tare da kananan yara biyu a harkar kasuwanci da wasan kwaikwayo daga Jami’ar Jihar Pennsylvania . Ta ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu a fannin zane-zane daga makarantar fina-finai ta <nowiki>''</nowiki> Actors Studio Drama School 'a Jami'ar Pace . Ta koma Nijeriya ne a shekarar 2012 tare da shirye-shiryen ciyar da watanni shida kawai ta dawo Amurka; Amma duk da haka ta sami wasu ayyuka, tare da ''Tinsel'' kuma ba ta koma ba tun daga wannan lokacin. Ta dauki bakuncin wasan Maltina Dance All Gaskiya. Ita ce wacce ta kafa Gidauniyar Muryar Murna kuma memba ce ta Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/09/osas-ighodaro-replaces-kemi-adetiba-as-maltina-dance-all-host/|title=Osas replaces Kemi Adetiba as host of Maltina Dance All Show|publisher=thenet.ng|date=2013-01-09|accessdate=11 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/lifestyle-spice/fashion-should-be-on-point-osas-ighodaro/|title=Fashion should be on Point - Osas Ighodaro|publisher=punchng.com|date=2013-07-04|accessdate=11 July 2014|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714203744/http://www.punchng.com/spice/lifestyle-spice/fashion-should-be-on-point-osas-ighodaro/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/osas-ighodaro-ajibade|title=Osas Ighodaro Ajibade|publisher=[[Huffington Post]].com|date=2016-04-25|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/osas-ighodaro-ajibade/malarias-deadly-toll_b_9772254.html?|title=Malaria Deadly Toll / Osas Ighodaro Ajibade|publisher=[[Huffington Post]].com|date=2016-04-25|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> == Rayuwarta == Ta auri Gbenro Ajibade a watan Yuni na shekarar 2015. Sun haifi yaransu na farko a shekarar 2016. amman ya rasu jim kadan bayan haihuwar shi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/gbenro-ajibade-calls-out-wife-osas-ighodaro-on-instagram-over-neglect-of-their-child/jm11qyf|title=Gbenro Ajibade calls out wife, Osas Ighodaro on Instagram over neglect of their child|date=2019-02-17|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kemifilani.com/2018/11/gbenro-ajibade-osas-ighodaro-go-separate-ways-as-marriage-hits-the-rock.html|title=Gbenro Ajibade & Osas Ighodaro go separate ways as marriage hits the rock|last=Adebayo|first=Tireni|date=2018-11-01|website=Kemi Filani News|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-03-22}}</ref> [[File:Osas,_Vimbia_and_IK.jpg|link=|252x252px|alt=]] == Fina fina == === Gajeren fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Lakabi !Matsayi |- |2020 |''Namaste Wahala'' <ref>http://www.cnn.com/2020/02/24/Africa/nollywood-and-bollywood-namaste-wahala/index.html</ref> |- |2020 |''Bad Comments'' |Hilda |- |2020 |''Mama Drama'' |Mena |- |2020 |''Ratnik'' |Sarah Bello |- |2019 |''Your Excellency ()'' |Candy |- |2019 |''Bling Lagosians'' |Demidun |- |2018 |''King of Boys'' |Sade Bello |- |2018 |''Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons'' |Chidinma |- |2018 |''New Money (2018 film)'' |Angela Nwachukwu |- |2016 |''A Walk in the Wind'' |Mary |- |2016 |''Entreat'' |Margaret |- |2016 |''Put a Ring on it'' |Eki |- |2015 |''Gbomo Gbomo Express'' |Cassandra |- |2015 |''Where Children Play'' |Nia <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-05-24 |archive-date=2017-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320235945/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2015 |''The Department'' |Tolu |- |2011 |''Restless City'' |Adinike |- |2009 |''The Tested'' |Sheena |- |2008 |''Cadillac Records'' |Maid |- |2008 |''Across a Bloodied Ocean'' |Nafisa |- |2006 |''Killa Season (film)'' |Shinae |} <br /> === Fim din talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Lakabi !Matsayi |- |2020 |''Smart Money Woman TV series'' |Zuri |- |2020 |''Assistant Madams'' |Chioma |- |2019 |''MTV Shuga'' |Sergeant Alice Iyanu |- |2018 |''EVE (Africa Magic)'' |Sylvia |- |2013-2015 |''Maltina Dance All'' |Host |- |2012-2014 |''Tinsel'' |Adanna |- |2013 |''Parallels - The Webseries'' |Ruth |- |2012 |''12 Steps to Recovery'' |Jellybean |- |2010 |''Meet the Browns'' |Nurse Mileen |- |2006 |''Conviction'' |Girlfriend |} <br /> === Tiyata === * ''Fela & the Kalakuta Queens'' * ''For Coloured Girls'' (Nigerian adaptation) * ''Underground'' * ''Dolores'' * ''He Said, She Said'' * ''How Sweet'' * ''Platanos Y Collard Greens'' * ''Revenge of a King'' * ''Joe Turners Come and Gone'' * ''Coloured Museum'' == Lamban girma == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taro !Aji !Aiki !Sakamako |- |2010 |Miss Black USA Pageant |Miss Black USA 2010 <ref>http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/photo/2010-08/10/c_13438427.htm</ref> | |Ci |- |2014 |ELOY Awards |Actress of the Year - TV <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-05-24 |archive-date=2017-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Tinsel |Ci |- |2015 |Green October La Mode Magazine Awards |Humanitarian Award <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osas_Ighodaro#cite_note-17</ref> |Joyful Joy Foundation |Ci |- | rowspan="2" |2015 | rowspan="2" |ELOY Awards |Brand Ambassador of the Year |Polo Avenue; Konga.com |Ci |- |Actress of the Year - Film <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osas_Ighodaro#cite_note-18</ref> |The Department |Ayyanawa |- |2016 |Golden Movie Awards |Golden Supporting Actress <ref>http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Full-list-of-nominees-for-2016-Golden-Movie-Awards-Africa-GMAA-441794</ref> |Gbomo Gbomo Express |Ayyanawa |- |2016 |2016 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Supporting Actress of The Year<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osas_Ighodaro#cite_note-20</ref> |Gbomo Gbomo Express |Ci |} == Manazarta == ix4miyi2logom93jin5a79fq6c3wsj8 0 13968 548111 513150 2024-11-29T06:00:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Hyderabad in 1890 and 1891; comprising all the letters on Hyderabad affairs written to the Madras Hindu by its Hyderabad correspondent during 1890 and 1891 (IA hyderabadin1890100bangrich).pdf|thumb|littafin da ya danganci uru eke]] [[Fayil:Uru ede on ndanitv (cropped).jpg|thumb|Uru Eke]] '''Uru Eke''' (an haifi Uru Eke ne a kasar England jihar Landan )yar wasan fim ce a Najeriya. An kuma santa a fim din " Remember Me ", rawar da ta taka a matsayin Obi a cikin sanannen gidan yanar gizo mai suna " Rumor has It ", da kuma fina finai kamar haka ''Last Flight to Abuja'', ''Weekend Getaway da kuma'' ''Being Mrs Elliot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/im-not-a-stupid-romantic-uru-eke/|title=I'm not a stupid romantic - Uru Eke - Vanguard News|author=|date=1 June 2013|work=vanguardngr.com|accessdate=8 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://m.afrinolly.com/movieActors.php?movieCelebDetails=343 |access-date=2020-05-25 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402163755/http://m.afrinolly.com/movieActors.php?movieCelebDetails=343 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3373165/bio|title=Uru Eke|author=|date=|work=imdb.com|accessdate=8 October 2016}}</ref>'' == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[File:Uru Eke on irokotv.jpg|thumb|Uru Eke]] Eke 'yar asalin yankin Mbaise ce ta [[Imo|jihar Imo]], Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya, amma an haife ta ne a Newham, Gabashin London a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] . Tana da ilimin ta na asali a Makarantar Galleywall Infants, London, kafin ta koma Najeriya inda ta halarci makarantar Baptist Girls, Legas don karatun sakandare. A ci gaban karatun ta, ta koma Landan ta halarci Kwalejin Lewisham Southwark kafin ta ci gaba zuwa Jami’ar Greenwich inda ta karanci Kasuwancin Kasuwanci.<ref name="ng">{{cite web|url=http://naijagists.com/nollywood-actress-uru-eke-im-from-mbaise-in-imo-state-but-was-born-in-london-uk/|title=Nollywood Actress Uru Eke: I’m From Mbaise In Imo State But Was Born In London UK|work=Sunday Telegraph|publisher=www.naijagists.com|last=Okwara|first=Vanessa|date=17 April 2016|accessdate=8 October 2016}}</ref> == Aikin fim == [[File:Uru eke dance (cropped).jpg|thumb|Uru Eke]] Ta fara aikinta a matsayin mai ba da shawara na IT a Zurich Insurance Group kuma ta ci gaba da aiki a wasu ƙungiyoyi na kuɗi a duk faɗin Ingila.   Uru ya canza aiki a shekarar 2011 kuma ya ci gaba da haskakawa cikin fina-finai da yawa.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/the-greatest-lesson-life-has-taught-me-uru-eke/|title=The greatest lesson life has taught me —Uru Eke|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation Newspaper]]|last=Boulor|first=Ahmed|date=13 March 2013|accessdate=8 October 2016}}</ref> == Fina finai == * ''Forgive Me Father'' (2009) * ''[[:en:Last_Flight_to_Abuja|Last Flight to Abuja]]'' * ''[[:en:Being_Mrs_Elliot|Being Mrs Elliot]]'' (2014) <ref>{{cite web|title=Nollywood movie review: Being Mrs. Elliot|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/nollywood-nigeria/168747-nollywood-movie-review-being-mrs-elliot.html|website=Premium Times|publisher=Onyinye Muomah|accessdate=28 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=BEING MRS ELLIOT / OMONI OBOLI, MAJID MICHEL|url=http://9flix.com/watch/915|website=9FLIX|publisher=9flix|accessdate=20 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613081255/http://9flix.com/watch/915|archive-date=13 June 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Being Mrs Elliott' Watch movie review by Adenike Adebayo|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/being-mrs-elliott-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3803378.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=28 May 2015|archive-date=28 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143847/http://pulse.ng/movies/being-mrs-elliott-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3803378.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/03/cinema-review-remember-me-is-uru-ekes-remarkable-debut-attempt/|title=Cinema Review: 'Remember Me' is Uru Eke’s remarkable debut attempt|access-date=2017-07-03|language=en-GB}}</ref> * ''A Few Good Men''<ref>{{cite web|title=Nollywood movie review: Being Mrs. Elliot|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/nollywood-nigeria/168747-nollywood-movie-review-being-mrs-elliot.html|website=Premium Times|publisher=Onyinye Muomah|accessdate=28 September 2014}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Weekend_Getaway|Weekend Getaway]]'' * ''Finding Love''<ref>{{cite web|title=BEING MRS ELLIOT / OMONI OBOLI, MAJID MICHEL|url=http://9flix.com/watch/915|website=9FLIX|publisher=9flix|accessdate=20 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613081255/http://9flix.com/watch/915|archive-date=13 June 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> * ''[[:en:The_Duplex_(film)|The Duplex]]'' (2015) * ''[[:en:Remember_Me_(Nigeria_film)|Remember Me]]'' (2016) Acted and produced.<ref>{{cite web|title='Being Mrs Elliott' Watch movie review by Adenike Adebayo|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/being-mrs-elliott-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3803378.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=28 May 2015|archive-date=28 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143847/http://pulse.ng/movies/being-mrs-elliott-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3803378.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * "[[:en:Rumour_Has_It_(series)|Rumour Has It]]" (2016)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/03/cinema-review-remember-me-is-uru-ekes-remarkable-debut-attempt/|title=Cinema Review: 'Remember Me' is Uru Eke’s remarkable debut attempt|access-date=2017-07-03|language=en-GB}}</ref> <br /> == Manazarta == 0zw75dl0sxvjevuxi9xecnc3col333s 0 13980 548116 488656 2024-11-29T06:26:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Yvonne Jegede on Irorktv.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Jegede]] '''Yvonne Jegede''' 'yar wasan fim ce a kasar Najeriya ce, mai shirya fina-finai, abin kwaikwaya, da kuma yanayin talabijin; Sanannen abu don samar da ''3 shine Kamfanin'' . Ta tashi tsaye wajen manyanta bayan da ta fito ta fito a fim din wakokin ''Afirka'' na [[2Baba|2Face Idibia]] tare da [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Macaulay]] . tana daya daga cikin mata mafi shara a kamfanin fim na Nollywodd.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Izuzu|first1=Chidumga|title=5 reasons to love "The First Lady" actress|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/yvonne-jegede-5-reasons-to-love-the-first-lady-actress-id5418813.html|accessdate=16 October 2018|agency=Pulse Nigeria|date=25 August 2016|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215224712/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/yvonne-jegede-5-reasons-to-love-the-first-lady-actress-id5418813.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Olowolagba|first1=Fikayo|title=Yvonne Jegede challenges Atuma to name prostitutes in Nollywood|url=http://dailypost.ng/2018/06/22/yvonne-jegede-challenges-atuma-name-prostitutes-nollywood/amp/|accessdate=16 October 2018|agency=Daily Post|date=22 June 2018}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa & ilimi == Yvonne Jegede an haife shi ne a Agenebode, [[Edo|jihar Edo]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta shekarar, 1983. Tana da karatun ta na firamare da sakandare a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] Najeriya kafin ta tafi Jami’ar Cyprus, inda ta yi karatun digirin digirgir a fannin Sadarwa ta Kasa.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anonymous|title=My big boobs not my selling point|url=https://www.punchng.com/my-big-boobs-not-my-selling-point/amp/|accessdate=16 October 2018|agency=Punch|date=9 April 2017}}</ref> == Aiki == [[Fayil:Yvonne Jegede acting on Irorktv.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Jegede]] Yvonne Jegede ta fara aikin fim din ne a shekarar, 2004 lokacin da ta fito a cikin fim din Nollywood din da ta ''ɓace'' . Farkon babban kyamarar ta farko ta fito a cikin shekarar, 2005 tare da bayyanarta a cikin bidiyon bidiyon ''Afirka'' wanda ya shahara yanzu ta [[2Baba|2Face Idibia]] . Bayan kammala karatun jami'a a shekarar, 2012, ta dawo Nollywood kuma ta sami tauraron fina-finai kamar ''Dokar Okafor'', ''Single da Married'', ''Ranakun 10 a Sun City'' da sauransu. A shekarar, 2015, ta fito da fim dinta na farko ''3 Kamfanin Kamfanin'' inda ta yi fice a matsayin fitaccen jigo. A ƙarshen shekara ta, 2016, ita ce murfin a cikin bikin aure na mujallar Genevieve Nnaji . Baya ga aikatawa, ''Yvonne Jegede'' ta fito a cikin bidiyon kide-kide kamar ''Ego'' ta Djinee, ''Kokose'' ta Sound Sultan .<ref>{{cite news|last1=Peters|first1=Seyi|title=Yvonne Jegede Covers Genevieve Magazine’s Annual Bridal Issue|url=https://www.informationng.com/2016/12/yvonne-jegede-covers-genevieve-magazines-annual-bridal-issue.html/amp|accessdate=16 October 2018|agency=Information Nigeria|date=16 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Izuzu|first1=Chidumga|title=Movie starring Yvonne Jegede, OC Ukeje, Wole Ojo gets DVD release date|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/3-is-company-movie-starring-yvonne-jegede-oc-ukeje-wole-ojo-gets-dvd-release-date-id3876238.html|accessdate=16 October 2018|agency=Pulse Nigeria|date=17 June 2015|archive-date=16 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031932/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/3-is-company-movie-starring-yvonne-jegede-oc-ukeje-wole-ojo-gets-dvd-release-date-id3876238.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Filmography == * ''Rashin Mala'iku'' * ''Mijin Legas'' * ''3 kamfani ne'' * ''Dokar Okafor'' * ''Tukunyar Rayuwa'' * ''Stataƙar Zinare'' * ''Gefen Kayan Gindi'' * ''Single da Married'' * ''Kwana 10 a Rana Sun'' * ''Yaƙin don Iyali'' * ''Zubin Azkar'' * ''Ofishin Jakadancin Na Daya'' * ''Karin bayani'' * ''Ya tafi Amurka'' * ''Crazy Ex-Budurwa'' * ''Manta da Ni Ba'' * ''Gaskiya karya'' * ''Murmushin Soyayya mai Dadi'' * ''Zukatansu Guda biyu wadanda ke Haɗe Tare'' * ''M tausayi'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1983]] 4ui6lhq7ddtgbvr6vhjhuvu6iabnfkb 0 13981 548055 456218 2024-11-29T01:41:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Laura Monyeazo Abebe''' (an haifeta ranar 29 ga watan Yuli, 1989), an fi sanin ta da '''Moet Abebe,''' ita ce a videon mahayin dokisukuwanna wanna shirin , talabijin gabatar, actress, catering exec. Tafiyarsa ta cikin walwala ta zo ne bayan da ta yanke shawarar komawa Najeriya don neman aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da Talabijin. Watanni uku bayan ta koma Legas, Najeriya, ta halarci aikin tantance tauraron dan wasa na Soundcity, sai ta shiga cikin jerin gwanon, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen ''Soundcity'' a matsayin Mai gabatar da Talabijin da kuma Mai gabatarwa. Ta zama sanannen fuska a gidan talabijin na ''Soundcity'' a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen One On One show, Jiki & Soul da kuma Nunin Globalididdigar Duniya. Yayinda take aiki a Soundcity tana da damar samun Moviean 'yan fina-finai da rubutun TV kamar Red Card, Oasis da Living Arrangement. A shekarar 2016, ta fara ayyukanta a Rediyon Soundcity 98.5fm inda ta gudanar da bikin shahararriyar maraice wacce ake kira "''TheTakeover''" daga karfe 2-6 na yamma Litinin zuwa Juma'a. Ta buɗe Kamfanin Gudanar da Abinda ke Faruwa da Abinci tare da mahaifiyarta da ake kira LM Occints.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/243380/oap-moet-abebe-delves-into-restaurant-business.html|title=Oap Moet Abebe Delves into Restaurant Business|publisher=Nathan Nathaniel Ekpo/Nollywoodgists.com|date=25 January 2017|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/04/i-believe-in-tasteful-nudity-moet-abebe/|title=I believe in tasteful nudity – Moet Abebe|publisher=vanguardngr|author=JULIET EBIRIM|date=23 April 2015|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://soundcity.tv/radio/|title=Soundcity Radio 98.5|publisher=Soundcity|date=31 July 2016|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/09/moet-abebe-on-air-television-personality.html|title=Moet Abebe On air Television Personality|publisher=Nigerianbiography|date=13 September 2015|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/06/popular-vj-moet-abebe-shows-off-acting-skills-in-new-comedy-series/|title=Popular VJ, Moet Abebe shows off acting skills in new comedy series|publisher=Thenet|author=Taofik Bankole|date=23 March 2016|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == An haifeta a Burtaniya, ta tafi makarantar Corona Ikoyi Primary School for Primary School, Dowen College tsawon shekara guda inda ta yi wani ɓangare na sakandare. Daga nan kuma ta tafi makarantar Woldingham da makarantar sakandare ta St. Teresa kuma a Surrey inda daga nan ta yi karatun ta na GCSE da A-Level. A shekarar 2008 ta sami shiga jami'ar Manchester, inda ta karanci Law Tun tana makarantar sakandare tana da manyan sha'awa a cikin ayyukan yau da kullun kamar Magana da Jama'a, Yin Fasaha, Wasan motsa jiki da rawa wanda ya haɓaka da haɓaka hankalinta. ƙirƙira wanda zai zama babbar fa'ida a gareta a rayuwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/moet-abebe-soundcity-vj-goes-back-to-village-to-bury-grandfather-id4301239.html|title=Moet Abebe: Soundcity VJ goes back to village to bury grandfather|publisher=Ayomide O. Tayo|date=29 October 2015|accessdate=14 May 2017|archive-date=30 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030234905/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/moet-abebe-soundcity-vj-goes-back-to-village-to-bury-grandfather-id4301239.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evatese.com/2015/04/30/all-you-need-to-know-about-moet-abebe-photos/|title=All You Need To Know About Moet Abebe + Photos|publisher=evatese.com|author=evatese.com Editor|date=16 June 2014|accessdate=14 May 2017|archive-date=26 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426184242/http://www.evatese.com/2015/04/30/all-you-need-to-know-about-moet-abebe-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Abebe ya shiga cikin gidan talabijin na Soundcity TV, tashar talabijin mai kida ta birni, inda ta sami sakamako mai zuwa. Ta gabatar da manyan mawakan Najeriya a shirin ta na rediyo kamar Vector (rapper), [[2Baba]], Olamide, Chidinma da D'banj . === Yar wasan kwaikwayo === Abebe ta nuna kwarewarta a cikin nishadi yayin da ta yi wasu 'yan fina-finai da jerin talabijin wadanda suka hada da Red Card, Oasis da Living Arrangement. ayyukanta sun ba ta wani matsayi a fagen nishaɗin Najeriya da masana'antar watsa labarai.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://soundcity.tv/news/vector-the-viper-dares-rappers-on-thetakeover-w-moet-abebe/|title=Vector The Viper ‘Dares’ Rappers on #TheTakeOver w/ Moet Abebe|publisher=Soundcity.tv|date=5 February 2017|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.herald.ng/soundcity-tv-presenter-moet-abebe-apologizes-to-fans-over-outburst/|title=SoundCity Presenter, Moet Abebe Apologizes To Fans Over Outburst|publisher=Owolabi Oluwasegun|accessdate=13 May 2017}}</ref> === Abubuwan da suka faru & Kayan Katako === Abebe ta lura da abubuwan da suka faru da kafet da dama da suka faru, wasu a matsayin bako da sauransu kamar yadda aka kawo masu jan kati, kafofin watsa labarai na Meets sun yi mata kyauta. a matsayin "Keɓaɓɓun Watan" kuma an zaɓa shi don lambobin yabo da yawa kamar mai gabatar da TV na shekara "ta mujallar Exquuisite da ƙari masu yawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/moet-abebe-engagement-ring-drama-investigate/|title=Moet Abebe and her engagement ring drama – we investigate (PHOTOS)|publisher=Ynaija|author=Sola|date=17 March 2017|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/meets-media-celebrates-moet-abebe-wizboy/|title=Meets Media celebrates Moet Abebe, Wizboy|publisher=guardian.ng|author=Geraldine Akutu|date=11 February 2017|accessdate=14 May 2017|archive-date=27 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927222511/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/meets-media-celebrates-moet-abebe-wizboy/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/02/11/wizboyy-moet-abebe-emerge-star-guests/|title=WizBoyy, Moet Abebe Emerge ‘Star Guests’|publisher=thisdaylive|author=Ferdinand Ekechukwu|date=11 February 2017|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1989]] mihbqk3xdcnnlxlmknepqixw90hlpef 0 13984 548037 546837 2024-11-29T00:24:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Linda Ejiofor.jpg|thumb|Linda Ejiofor]] [[Fayil:Linda Ejiofor in May 2018.jpg|thumb|Linda Ejiofor]] '''Linda Ejiofor''' (an haife ta '''Linda Ihuoma Ejiofor''' ; 17, Yulin shekarar alif dari tara da tamanin da shida 1986) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma yar Najeriya da aka sani da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Bimpe Adekoya a cikin jerin fina-finan ''Tinsel na'' M-Net . An zabe ta ne a Matsayinta na Actaƙƙarfan Kwalliyar Aiki a cikin Taimako mai bada Tallafi a bikin bayar da kyautar Moviean Wasan Kwaikwayon Africaan Afirka na 9, saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din ''Taro'' (2012). Tony Ogaga Erhariefe ta ''The Sun'' Nigeria ta jera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin taurarin Nollywood goma na shekarar 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201310210461.html|title=How I Broke into the movie industry|publisher=allafrica.com|accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/10/05/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-seven-years-going-strong-tinsel-star-linda-ejiofor-talks-on-her-acting-career-relationship-with-rita-dominic-her-funky-dance-moves-more/|title=Saturday Celebrity interview with Linda Ejiofor|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5392430/bio|title=Linda Ejiofor on iMDB|publisher=iMDb|accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.360nobs.com/2012/10/from-bimpe-to-ejura-linda-ejiofor-makes-nollywood-debut/|title=From Bimpe to Ejura: Linda Ejiofor makes Nollywood debut|publisher=360nobs.com|accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=49682|title=Fastest Nollywood Actress|publisher=sunnewsonline.com|date=25 January 2014|accessdate=16 April 2014|author=Tony Ogaga Erhariefe}}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum. == [[File:Linda_Ejiofor-Sulieman_and_hubby.png|thumb| Ejiofor tare da mijinta a cikin 2018 ]] [[File:Linda Ejiofor and Jemima Osunde May 2018.jpg|thumb|Linda Ejiofor]] [[Isuikwuato|Asalin Isuikwuato]], Ejiofor an haife ta ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Nigeria. Ita ce ta biyu a cikin yara biyar da iyayenta suka haife, Ejiofor ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Ilabor a Surulere kuma daga baya ta yi rajista a Kwalejin 'Yan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Onitsha. Ta kuma kwalejin sociology a Jami'ar Fatakwal . A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2018, ta ba da sanarwar yin nata ga ’yar wasan fina- ''finan Tinsel'' Ibrahim Suleiman kuma ta aure shi bayan kwana huɗu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/artists_profile_details.asp?user_id=16537|title=Linda Ejiofor Profile|publisher=nigeriafilms.com|accessdate=16 April 2014|archive-date=16 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416195323/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/artists_profile_details.asp?user_id=16537|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aikin fim. == [[File:Linda Ejiofor Rumour Has It on NdaniTV Janus episode.png|thumb|Linda Ejiofor]] [[File:Kemisola Adetola Rumour Has It NdaniTV Janus episode.png|thumb|Linda Ejiofor]] Ejiofor da farko ya so yin aiki ne don kamfanin talla. A wata hirar da aka buga a jaridar <nowiki><i id="mwLA">The Nation</i></nowiki>, ta ce ta canza ra'ayinta game da neman aiki a talla bayan ta bunkasa sha’awar yin aiki. Ta kuma ce tana fatan yin fina-finai a nan gaba. A cikin 2018, ta yi wasa tare da Jemima Osunde a jerin shirye-shiryen yanar gizo na ''Rumani Has It'' .<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=NdaniTV|title=Rumour Has It S2E5: Janus|date=2018-04-20|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBAr35O6Ul0&t=683s|accessdate=2018-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iamfar.com/linda-ejiofor-my-firsts/|title=Linda Ejiofor|accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/saturday-magazine/weekend-treat/entertainment/29993-why-i-stopped-acting-nude-roles-%E2%80%94linda-ejiofor.html|title=Why I Stopped Acting Nude roles – Linda Ejiofor|publisher=thenationonlineng.com|accessdate=16 April 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114072301/http://www.thenationonlineng.net/2011/index.php/saturday-magazine/weekend-treat/entertainment/29993-why-i-stopped-acting-nude-roles-%E2%80%94linda-ejiofor.html|archivedate=14 January 2014}}</ref> == Fina finai. == === Gajeren Fim === {| class="wikitable" border="2" cellpadding="4" style="font-size: 90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Take ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="1" | 2012 | ''Taron'' | Ejura | tare da Rita Dominic & [[Nse Ikpe-Etim|Nse Ikpe Etim]] . <br /><br /><br /><br /> <nowiki></br></nowiki> An zabi shi don ''Mafi kyawun ressan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin tallafi mai ba da gudummawa'' a bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta Fim ta Afrika 9th |- | 2013 | ''Sirrin daki'' | Ada Obika | Tare da OC Ukeje |- | 2015 | ''Cikin Sa'a'' | Halima | Tare da Tope Tedela, Jide Kosoko, Wole Ojo, Sambasa Nzeribe |- | 2015 | ''Jahannama ta sama'' | | Tare da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim|Nse Ikpe Etim]], [[Bimbo Akintola]], OC Ukeje, Damilola Adegbite |- | 2016 | Suru L'ere | | Tare da [[Beverly Naya]], Kemi Lala Akindoju, Tope Tedela, Enyinna Nwigwe, Gregory Ojefua da Bikiya Graham-Douglas. |- | 2015 | Labari na Soja (fim na 2015) | Regina | Tare da Tope Tedela, Chico Aligwekwe, Adesua Etomi, Zainab Balogun |- | 2016 | ''Ojukokoro (Greed)'' | | Tare da Tope Tedela, Charles Etubiebi, Seun Ajayi, Shawn Faqua, Wale Ojo, [[Ali Nuhu]] |- |} === Talabijin. === {| class="wikitable" border="2" cellpadding="4" style="font-size: 90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Take ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="1" | 2007 – yanzu ba | ''Tinsel'' | Bimpe | |- | rowspan="1" | 2014 | ''Dowry'' | Nike | tare da OC Ukeje |- | 2018 | ''Jita-jita tana da shi'' | Dolapo | domin NdaniTV |- | 2019 | ''Flat 3B'' | Nneka | tare da Mawuli Gavor |} <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-mixed-with-violence-and-humour-ojukokoro-is-uniquely-entertaining-id6351526.html|title=Pulse Movie Review: Mixed with violence and humour; "Ojukokoro" is uniquely entertaining|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-04-23|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313040543/http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-mixed-with-violence-and-humour-ojukokoro-is-uniquely-entertaining-id6351526.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=Linda Ejiofor on A Soldier's Story|url=http://www.yeyepikin.com/2015/09/nollywood-action-film-a-soldiers-story-to-debut-october-23/|website=YeYePikin|publisher=Precious|accessdate=17 September 2015|archive-date=26 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160526081349/http://www.yeyepikin.com/2015/09/nollywood-action-film-a-soldiers-story-to-debut-october-23/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chinedu Adiele|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=BN TV: Watch Two New Episodes of Exciting Web Series “Flat 3B” starring Linda Ejiofor & Mawuli Gavor|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/01/bn-tv-watch-two-new-episodes-of-exciting-web-series-flat-3b-starring-linda-ejiofor-mawuli-gavor/|publisher=BellaNaija|accessdate=23 February 2019|date=15 January 2019}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Citation|last=NdaniTV|title=Rumour Has It S2E5: Janus|date=2018-04-20|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBAr35O6Ul0&t=683s|accessdate=2018-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=PHOTOS: The Audrey Silva Company Embarks On New Project|url=http://www.360nobs.com/2015/04/photos-the-audrey-silva-company-embarks-on-new-project/|website=360nobs|publisher=King A-Maz|accessdate=21 April 2015|archive-date=8 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008185058/https://www.360nobs.com/2015/04/photos-the-audrey-silva-company-embarks-on-new-project/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Lamban girma. == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Fim ! Sakamakon |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautun Afirka | Mafi kyawun ressan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin rawar tallafi | rowspan="2" | ''Taron'' |{{nominated}} |- | Kyautar fina-finan Nollywood | Tauraruwa mafi kyawu (mace) |{{nominated}} |- | 2014 | Kyautuka masu kyau | TV Actress of the Year | Dowry |{{nom}} |- | 2015 | Masu Ra'ayoyin Mafificin sihiri na Afirka | Mafi kyawun tallatawa | Taron |{{Won}} |- |} == Manazarta. == {{Reflist}} q122lcpf07y88bit4j8qh0so9fskr37 0 13985 548028 546728 2024-11-28T23:17:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Kiki Omeili at Future Africa in 2016.png|thumb|'''Kiki Omeili at Future Africa in 2016''']] '''Nkiruka 'Kiki' Omeili '''' yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], wacce aka fi sani da '''Lovette''', saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin Lovette a jerin ''matan Lekki'' . An kuma san ta ne saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin mai lambar yabo a cikin Crime caper, Gbomo Gbomo Express na shekara ta, 2015, ''Gbomo Gbomo Express'' tare da Gideon Okeke . tana daya daga cikin fitattun yan wasan Nollywood dake Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/new-drama-series-lekki-wives-makes-online-debut/|title=Lekki Wives makes Debut|last=Agbo|first=Dennis|date=3 February 2013|work=National Mirror|accessdate=14 November 2013|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=6 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206082910/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/new-drama-series-lekki-wives-makes-online-debut/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == [[File:Kiki at Lekki Wives Shoot.jpg|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] An kuma haifi Omeili a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]],an haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu a shekarar, 1980 kuma shi ne na biyu cikin 'ya'ya huɗu na Charles da Maureen Omeili. Ita 'yar asalin kabilar Igbo ce daga Nimo a [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] . Mahaifinta Charles ma'aikaciyar banki ce da [[First Bank (Nijeriya)|First Bank]] Nigeria kuma ta yi ritaya a matsayin babban manaja, yayin da mahaifiyarta Maureen ita ce mai kula da gidajen fursunoni a [[Ibadan]], [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]], Najeriya. Omeili fara yin a mataki na taka duk ta hanyar ta makarantun firamare da sakandare da shekaru. Wannan ya ci gaba lokacin da ta shiga cikin jami'a yayin da take memba a kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta yi rawar gani a yawancin abubuwan samarwa da kuma kasancewa cikin gasa da yawa. A shekarar, 2006, ta samu takardar digiri a fannin likitanci daga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jami’ar Legas .<ref>{{cite web|first=AKEEM|last=LASIS|date=12 May 2012|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/kiki-omeili-from-lab-coat-to-costume/|title=Kiki Omeili: From Lab Coat to Costumes|work=The Punch Newspaper|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=26 May 2020|archive-date=28 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928221309/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/kiki-omeili-from-lab-coat-to-costume/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Akkin fim == A cikin shekarar, 2011, Omeili auditioned kuma ya sami matsayin Debbie a cikin jerin talabijin "A bayan Smile". A shekarar, 2012, ta hada kai da darakta na "Behind the Smile", Tunde Olaoye, don yin fim a fim din farko da ta fara "An kuma yi aure amma ba ta da aure" inda ta yi aiki tare da Funke Akindele, Joseph Benjamin, Femi Brainard da Joke Silva . Omeili ya sami matsayi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV da yawa ciki har da "Kwarin Tsakanin", "NESREA Watch", "Matan Lekki" da "Al'adun Gidi".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/lekki-wives-auditions-hold-today/|title=Lekki Wives Audition Holds Today|last=Oogbodo|first=Oseyiza|date=31 August 2013|work=National Mirror|accessdate=14 November 2013|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=3 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903053852/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/lekki-wives-auditions-hold-today/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/05/14/sola-kosoko-in-the-valley-between/|title=The Valley Between|last=Adetu|first=Bayo|date=14 May 2012|work=PM Newspapers|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Dance 234|url=http://www.supplemagazine.org/kiki-omeili-the-captivating-new-nollywood-diva.html|title=Kiki Omeili hosts Dance 234&#124;}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/05/21/married-but-living-single-to-premiere-on-sunday/|title=Married but Living Single Premieres&#124;}}</ref> Yana neman matsayinta game da ayyukanta, a shekarar, 2011 Omeili ta karbi bakuncin wasan kwaikwayo na Dance TV TV mai suna "Dance 234", samar da nishaɗin Koga. Omeili ya kuma dauki bakuncin sashen kiwon lafiya akan wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo na safiyar yau Asabar wanda ake kira "Balaguro Life" kuma yana rubuta labarai da yawa a cikin shafukan yanar gizo. Kiki Omeili ya kuma "emcees" abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban kuma ya yi aikin-murya don ayyukan ciki har da LG da MTN na ƙidayar gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarar, 2009. A watan Agusta na shekarar, 2013, an kuma ba da sanarwar cewa za a sake sabuntawa Lekki na mata har na biyu, kuma an sake sabunta kwantiragin Omeili don sake farfado da matsayinta na Lovette. A farkon shekara ta, 2016, ta yi tauraro a cikin Akwatin Akwatin Najeriya ta buga; Ma'aurata na Kwanaki, inda aka nuna hotonta game da halin Joke, sun sami kyakkyawar dubawa daga masu sukar. A watan Mayun shekarar, 2016, ''Iterum'' wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda Stanlee Ohikhuare ke jagora tare da mai daukar hoto Kiki Omeili da Paul Utomi an shirya su a bikin Fim na shekara ta 69 na shekara-shekara. Ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, shekarar, 2016, Omeili ta sa ta fara fitowa a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai, tare da fito da Short Short ''Unprotected'' . Fim ɗin yana dogara ne akan abubuwan da suka faru na gaskiya, wanda ta lura a matsayin ɗalibin likita a cikin jami'a. Fim din yana dauke da Kiki Omeili, a matsayin halayen jagora, da Eric Idi, Bimbo Ademoye, Blessing Ambrose da Nathan Kingsley don tallafawa.<ref>{{cite web|title=WATCH: ‘Unprotected’ – A Short Film By Kiki Omeili|url=http://life.guardian.ng/2016/05/watch-unprotected-a-short-film-by-kiki-omeili/|website=life.guardian.ng|publisher=Guardian Life Newspaper|accessdate=6 June 2016|archive-date=4 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604020931/http://life.guardian.ng/2016/05/watch-unprotected-a-short-film-by-kiki-omeili/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili debuts with ‘Unprotected’|url=http://tribuneonlineng.com/kiki-omeili-debuts-with-%E2%80%98unprotected%E2%80%99|website=tribuneonlineng.com|publisher=Tribune Newspaper|accessdate=6 June 2016|archive-date=5 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605130405/http://tribuneonlineng.com/kiki-omeili-debuts-with-%E2%80%98unprotected%E2%80%99|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nkiruka Omeili: Yes, I’m a Medical Doctor, But More Fulfilled Acting, Producing Films|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/24/nkiruka-omeili-yes-im-a-medical-doctor-but-more-fulfilled-acting-producing-films/|website=thisdaylive.com|publisher=Thisday Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili: A ‘Run’ Star In Full Bloom|url=https://independent.ng/kiki-omeili-a-run-star-in-full-bloom/|website=independent.ng|publisher=Daily Independent Newspaper|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Actress Kiki Omeili offers Run as first big fruit|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/actress-kiki-omeili-offers-run-as-first-big-fruit/|website=guardian.ng|publisher=Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423053339/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/actress-kiki-omeili-offers-run-as-first-big-fruit/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili’s first movie, Run, hits cinemas|url=https://punchng.com/kiki-omeilis-first-movie-run-hits-cinemas/|website=punchng.com|publisher=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019}}</ref> [[File:Kiki Omeili on NdaniTV 2018.png|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] A watan Yuni na shekarar, 2018, Omeili ta fara samar da fim din nata mai cike da salo, ''Run'', wanda Uche Chukwu ya jagoranta. The movie ''Run'' aka saki a cikin cinemas a kan watan Agusta ranar 23 shekarar, 2019 starring kamanci Owen Gee, Rotimi Salami, Kelechi Udegbe, kuma Greg Ojefua. Hakanan an zaba shi don nuna allo a bikin Silicon Valley International Film Festival a Kalifoniya da kuma bikin nuna fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Slum a Kenya kuma an karɓi kyautar a bikin nuna fina-finai na Nollywood na Canada a Kanada. == Kyauta da fitarwa == A watan Oktoba a shekarar( 2012) Omeili ta karɓi kyautar don 'Mafi Kyawun Actress (Taimakawa A cikin fim ɗin Turanci)' a lambar yabo ta Fim ta Afirka 17 (wacce aka fi sani da Afro Hollywood Awards) a London. A watan Mayun a shekarar (2014) an fitar da Omeili a cikin Manyan Sabbin Fina-Finan 25 na Nollywood wanda Jaridar Nishadi ta Nijeriya (NET) ta rubuta, kuma Ita ma jaridar Najeriya ta sanya ta a jerin 'The Sun' a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun taurarin Nollywood a farkon shekarar (2014 ).<ref>{{cite web|title=GIAMA 2015: Eniola Badmus, Jim Iyke, Uche Jombo win big|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 October 2015|archive-date=20 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020150731/http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://ngrguardiannews.com/saturday-magazine/celebrity/185808-eloy-nomination-puts-the-follow-spot-on-kiki-omeili-again|title=ELOY Nomination Puts The ‘Follow-Spot’ On Kiki Omeili, Again|last=Husseini|first=Shuaibu|date=8 November 2014|work=Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=7 January 2015|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards/|title=Tonto Dikeh, Kiki Omeili win Afro Hollywood Awards|last=Opurum|first=Nkechi|date=23 October 2012|work=Daily Times Nigeria|accessdate=1 November 2012|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110085400/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Full List Of Winners At The City People Entertainment Awards 2016 [All Categories]|url=http://citypeopleng.com/full-list-of-winners-at-the-city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-all-categories/|website=citypeopleng.com|publisher=City People Magazine|accessdate=11 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802193350/http://citypeopleng.com/full-list-of-winners-at-the-city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-all-categories/|archive-date=2 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Behold! Nollywood’s fast rising stars|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=49682|last=Ezinye|first=Emeka|date=25 January 2014|work=The Sun|accessdate=26 July 2014|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/05/net-special-meet-the-25-new-faces-of-nollywood/comment-page-1/|title=Meet the 25 New Faces of Nollywood|last=Okuchukwu|first=Griffith|date=31 May 2014|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|accessdate=26 July 2014|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> An kuma zaɓi Omeili ne don <nowiki>''</nowiki> The Actress of the Year 'a Gwarzon Mata na shekarar (ELOY) Awards a watan Nuwamba (2014) An zabe ta ne saboda rawar da ta taka a jerin Talbijin <nowiki>''</nowiki> Lekki Wives '. A watan Oktoba na shekarar (2015) Omeili ta lashe lambar yabo don Mafi kyawun Actarfafa Talla don rawar da ta taka a Fim - Sting, a Gasar Duniya ta Ilimin Masana'antu ta Duniya (GIAMA) wanda aka gudanar a Amurka. A watan Yuli na shekara ta (2016) Omeili ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun Mata na Supportaddamarwa na shekarar'' a bikin bayar da ''kyaututtukan a shekara ta (2016) City People Entertainment Awards'' a Legas, Najeriya. A watan Oktoba na shekarar (2016) an zaɓi Omeili don ''Mafi kyawun Jagora a cikin Short Short'' a Berlin a shekara ta (2016 ) Film Fest International Awards saboda rawar da ta taka a fim, ''Deluded'' . Omeili, an baiyana a matsayin Jakada ce ta Fati a lokacin bikin fina-finai na Gaskiya na shekarar (2017) don karrama irin gudummawar da ta bayar ga masana'antar fim ta Najeriya. [[File:Folu Storms at Future Africa in 2016 (cropped).png|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] A cikin shekarar (2018) Omeili ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun actress a Bokonbikin Kiɗa na Duniya da Independentan Fim, wanda aka gudanar a Tsibirin Caribbean don rawar da ta taka a fim din ''3Some'' . A cikin wannan shekarar, an kuma zaɓe ta don Actaunar Fim a bikin fim na Realtime.<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Lead Actress in a Short Film -Berlin 2016|url=http://filmfestinternational.com/best-lead-actress-in-a-short-film-berlin-2016/|website=filmfest.com|publisher=Film Fest International Festival|accessdate=17 October 2016|archive-date=18 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018211627/http://filmfestinternational.com/best-lead-actress-in-a-short-film-berlin-2016/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=‘3some’ bags four awards at American World Film Festival|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/3some-bags-four-awards-at-american-world-film-festival/|website=lifestyle.thecable.ng|publisher=Oluwaseyi Awojulugbe|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=KIKI OMEILI - - RTF BRAND AMBASSADOR|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9piHEkBpoM|website=youtube.com|publisher=Realtime Film Festival|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref> == Aikin tallafa ma Dan Adam == Omeili has been involved in humanitarian work with Project Pink Blue. She led their cancer awareness walk, helping the cancer nonprofit raise funds and awareness through social media and events.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Augoye|first1=Jayne|title=Why I left Medicine for acting – Kiki Omieli|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/218800-i-left-medicine-acting-kiki-omieli.html|accessdate=28 December 2017|agency=Premium Times Nigeria|publisher=Premium Times Nigeria|date=December 24, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Eya|first1=Ayambem|title=Annie Idibia, Moc Madu, Kiki Omeili, Debbie Collins led Pink October Walk against Breast Cancer in Lagos|url=http://www.wivestownhallconnection.com/2016/10/annie-idibia-moc-madu-kiki-omeili.html|accessdate=28 December 2017|publisher=Wives Town Hall Connection|date=October 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Bella|first1=Naija|title=Project PINK BLUE hosted Pink October Walk in support of International Breast Cancer Awareness Month with 5 Cancer Survivors, Kiki Omeili & Yvonne Jegede in Attendance|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/10/5-cancer-survivors-and-celebrities-walk-against-cancer-in-lagos/|accessdate=28 December 2017|agency=Bellanaija|publisher=Bellanaija|date=October 10, 2017}}</ref> === Lamban girma === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Event !Prize !Recipient !Result |- |2012 |African Film Awards |Best Actress - Supporting Role in an English language film (Married but Living Single) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |2014 |ELOY Awards |TV Actress of the Year (Lekki Wives) |{{n/a}} |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |GIAMA 2015 Awards |Best Supporting Actress - Female (Sting - The Movie) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |In-Short Film Festival |Best Actress - Female (Deluded - Short Film) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |City People Entertainment Awards |Supporting Actress of the Year |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |Lagos 30 under 40 Awards |Best Actress - English |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |FilmFest International Awards (Berlin 2016) |Best Lead Actress in a Short Film |Kiki Omeili |{{nom}} |- |} {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Notes |- |2011 |Behind the Smile |Debbie |Tunde Olaoye |Lead Role/TV Series |- |2011 |Nowhere to be Found |Dr. Grace |Niji Akanni |TV Series |- |2011 |Footprints |Edna |Jerry Isichei |Sub-Lead/TV Series |- |2012 |''Married but Living Single'' |Titi Haastrup |Tunde Olaoye |Feature Film |- |2012 |NESREA Watch |Mrs. Irabor |Paul Adams |TV Drama/Informative |- |2012 |Binding Duty |Njide |Ihria Enakimio |TV Drama/Informative |- |2012 |The Valley Between |Nikki |Tunji Bamishigbin |Sub-Lead/TV Series |- |2012 |Gidi Culture |Mariam |Tunde Anjorin |Sub-Lead/Series |- |2012 |A Mother's Fight |Uru |Flo Smith |Sub-Lead/Short Film produced by [[Uche Jombo]] |- |2012 |Lekki Wives |Lovette |Blessing Effiom Egbe |Lead Role/Series |- |2013 |Kpians: The Feast of Souls |Kiki Ofili |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Horror Movie also starring Ashionye Ugboh-Raccah |- |2013 |Consenting Adults |Seun |Soji Ogunnaike |Feature Film; starring Nomoreloss |- |2013 |24/7 |Barrister Ekanem |Efetobore Ayeteni |Feature Film starring IK Osakioduwa, Eku Edewor and Wole Ojo |- |2013 |Oblivious |Lucy |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Feature Film |- |2013 |Lekki Wives (Season 2) |Lovette |Blessing Effiom Egbe |Lead Role/TV Series |- |2013 |Sting |Ada |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Feature Film |- |2013 |The Glass House |Ese |Jerry Isichei |Feature Film |- |2014 |The Antique |Isoken |Darasen Richards |Feature Film starring Olu Jacobs, Bimbo Akintola and Judith Audu |- |2014 |Same Difference |Nonye |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Feature Film starring Ricardo Agbor and Daniel K Daniel |- |2014 |A Dead End |Biola |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Feature Film starring Barbara Sokky, Seun Akindele and Uche Anyamele |- |2014 |Next Door to Happiness |Tinuke |Uzodimma Okpechi |Feature Film starring Frederick Leonard |- |2014 |A Place Called Happy |Teni |LowlaDee |Feature Film starring Blossom Chukwujekwu |- |2014 |Friends and Lovers |Jenny |Yemi Morafa |Feature Film starring Deyemi Okanlawon |- |2014 | +234 |Sandra Lawson |Soji Ogunnaike |Drama Series starring Tosyn Bucknor, Tope Tedela and Anthony Monjaro |- |2015 |''Gbomo Gbomo Express'' |Blessing |Walter Taylour |Feature film - starring Ramsey Nouah |- |2015 |''Jimi Bendel'' |T-boy |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Action Comedy film |- |2016 |''Fast Cash'' | - |Okey Zubelu Okoh |Feature film - starring Mary Lazarus, Oma Nnadi, Funnybone |- |2016 |''Iterum'' |Ireti |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Short film - screened at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival in Paris,France |- |2016 |''Fast Cash'' | |Okey Zubelu |Feature film |- |2016 |''Blame It on Me'' | - |Ikechukwu Onyeka |Feature film |- |2016 |''The Happyness Limited'' | - |Imoh Umoren |Feature film |- |2016 |''Double bind'' |Lead |Emmanuel Akaemeh |Feature film featuring Ifeanyi Kalu, Ujams Cbriel, Mary Chukwu |- |2016 |''This Thing Called Marriage'' | - |Blessing Egbe |Feature film |- |2016 |''Moth To A Flame'' |Joan |One Soul |Feature film - Femi Jacobs, Shaffy Bello, Paul Utomi |- |2017 |''Echoes of Silence'' | - |Okey Ifeanyi |Feature film |- |2017 |''Low lives and High Hopes'' | - |Frankie Ogar |Feature film |- |2017 |''Light in the Dark'' | - |Ekenem Ekwunye |Feature film |- |2017 |''What Lies Within'' |Miss Dimeji |Vanessa Nzediegwu |Feature film starring Michelle Dede, Tope Tedela, Paul Utomi |- |2017 |''Sunday and Lolade'' |Lolade |Yomi Black |Comedy Skit Compilation |- |2017 |''Public Property'' | |Tope Alake & Ashionye Mihcelle Raccah |Feature film |- |2019 |''Run'' |Tomi |Uche Chukwu |Feature Film, produced by Kiki Omeili <ref>{{cite web|title=Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chinedu Adiele|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tonto Dikeh, Kiki Omeili Win Afro-Hollywood Awards|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards/|last=Opurum|first=Nkechi|date=23 October 2012|work=Daily Times Nigeria|accessdate=1 November 2012|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110085400/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=GIAMA 2015: Eniola Badmus, Jim Iyke, Uche Jombo win big|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 October 2015|archive-date=20 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020150731/http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kiki Omeili Is In-short Film Festival Best Actress|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/12/kiki-omeili-is-in-short-film-festival-best-actress/|website=ngrguardiannews.com|publisher=The Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1986]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0x0p8ql1ndccdrdh0291ng3cznkb70o 0 13986 548104 484179 2024-11-29T05:33:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Tomi Odunsi''' (an haife ta ranar 24 ga watan Mayu, 1987) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta talabijin, a Najeriya,mawaƙiya ce, kuma mawakiya ce mafi shahara da wasa "Salewa" a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na <ref>{{cite web|url=http://encomium.ng/tinsel-star-tomi-odunsi-speaks-on-her-ambassadorial-appointment-career-and-music/|title=Tinsel star, TOMI ODUNSI speaks on her ambassadorial appointment, career and music|work=Encomium Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/columns/2012-10-29-11-16-41/afe-babalola-on-thursday/item/24775-i-am-not-a-sex-symbol-shalewa-of-tinsel.html|title=i am not a sex symbol shalewa of Tinsel|work=The Express Tribune}}</ref>. == Farkon rayuwa == [[Fayil:Tomi Odunsi.jpg|thumb|Tomi Odunsi]] An haifi Odunsi ranar 24 ga Mayu 1987 a [[Ogun|jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ta yi karatu a Jami’ar Legas, inda ta sami digirin-digiri na uku a fannin Linguistics da Harsunan Afirka tare da ƙwarewa a cikin [[Yarbanci|harshen Yarbanci]] . Ta fara halarta a karon farko, <nowiki>'' Wan Wan Blow ''</nowiki>, a watan Afrilun 2013 kuma ta yi a Otal din Ottawa a watan Agusta 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=35808|title=African Movie Channel is dedicated to best of Nollywood movies|author=Our}}</ref> == Aikin fim == Her songwriting credits include: * Wakar Kayan Kirsimeti 2013 Magic * A cikin sautin fim na Music * Duk waƙoƙi a cikin EP nata, ''Santacruise'' * Labarin Superwomen akan ''Lokaci tare da Mo'' tare da Mo Abudu * Urban Lounge ''TV show taken waƙa <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/12/bn-exclusive-africa-magics-official-christmas-theme-song-2013-written-performed-by-tomi-odunsi/|title=BN Exclusive: Africa Magic's Official Christmas Theme Song 2013 {{!}} Written & Performed by Tomi Odunsi – BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://talkmediaafrica.com/2013/12/12/audio-africamagics-official-christmas-theme-song-2013-written-performed-tomi-odunsi/|title=AUDIO: AfricaMagic’s Official Christmas Theme Song 2013 – Written & Performed by Tomi Odunsi – TalkMedia Africa|website=talkmediaafrica.com|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref>'' == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == * ''Oluronbi: Musical'' 1 & 2: Sope (goyon baya). Abun ciki. * ''Oluronbi: Musical'' 3: Ope (goyan baya). Abun ciki * ''Cikewa'' : Toju (Jagora). Abun ciki <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thewildblackchild.wordpress.com/2009/09/23/oluronbi-the-african-dance-musical/|title="OLURONBI" The AFRICAN DANCE MUSICAL.|date=23 September 2009|work=The Wild Black Child|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2010/09/oluronbithe-musical/|title=OLURONBI:THE MUSICAL {{!}} 360Nobs.com|website=www.360nobs.com|access-date=2 April 2018|archive-date=8 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708191545/https://www.360nobs.com/2010/09/oluronbithe-musical/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2009/09/oluronbi-musical.html|title=Oluronbi Musical|website=Linda Ikeji's Blog|access-date=2 April 2018|archive-date=26 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626203355/http://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2009/09/oluronbi-musical.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/01/29/aboriginal-theatres-fractures-in-retrospect/|title=Aboriginal Theatre's Fractures in Retrospect|last=Editor|first=Online|date=28 January 2017|work=THISDAYLIVE|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/02/aboriginal-productions-out-with-fractures/|title=Aboriginal Productions out with Fractures – Vanguard News|date=19 February 2010|work=Vanguard News|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> * ''Rubiewe'' : Kofin (Tallafi). Paws Production. * ''Saro: Musical'' : Ronke (Tallafi). TerraKulture BAP Production<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/saro-the-musical-a-broadway-style-theater-production-live-on-stage-this-easter-id3612725.html|title=Saro The Musical: A broadway style theater production live on stage this Easter|last=Adiele|first=Chinedu|access-date=2 April 2018|archive-date=8 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708104951/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/saro-the-musical-a-broadway-style-theater-production-live-on-stage-this-easter-id3612725.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/08/27/saro-the-musical-premieres-in-london-gets-standing-ovation/|title=Saro the Musical Premieres in London, Gets Standing Ovation|last=Editor|first=Online|date=27 August 2017|work=THISDAYLIVE|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saroterrakulture.blogspot.com.ng/|title=SARO The Musical|website=saroterrakulture.blogspot.com.ng|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref>:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/tag/rubiewe/|title=Rubiewe Archives {{!}} 360Nobs.com|website=www.360nobs.com|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ynaija.com/rubiewe-the-african-beauty-the-beast-on-stage-may-27-29/|title='Rubiewe': The African 'Beauty & The Beast' on stage May 27, 29 » YNaija|date=16 May 2012|work=YNaija|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2012/06/360fresh-jaygo-rubiewe/|title=360Fresh: Jaygo – Rubiewe {{!}} 360Nobs.com|website=www.360nobs.com|access-date=2 April 2018|archive-date=14 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814233542/https://www.360nobs.com/2012/06/360fresh-jaygo-rubiewe/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2009/09/omawumi-yinka-davies-timi-ireti-doyle-and-other-talented-stars-revive-oluronbi/|title=Omawumi, Yinka Davies, Timi, Ireti Doyle and other talented stars revive OLURONBI – BellaNaija|website=bellanaija.com|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> == Fina-finai == * <nowiki><i id="mwUg">Tinsel</i></nowiki> == Sauran hanyoyin sadaukar wa == Odunsi shi ne Shugaba da kuma Kamfanin CGT Media Ltd, nishaɗi da kamfanin watsa labaru na Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/cgtmgt/|title=CGT Management (@cgtmgt) • Instagram photos and videos|website=instagram.com|access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] jn9fpz7kyzlqg5r7t1o0mvowjglc2lv 0 14003 547677 454969 2024-11-28T19:14:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chioma Chukwuka''' (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Maris, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da tamanin 1980A.c), itace wanda aka lasafta ta '''Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha''' ko '''Chioma Akpotha''' yar wasan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya ce]] kuma mai shirya fina-finai. A shekara ta 2007 ta sami lambar yabo ta Movie Movie Academy Award don "Mafi nuna fina-finai a cikin jagorancin jagoranci", kuma lambar yabo ta Afro Hollywood ta nuna mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin rawar da ta dace a shekarar 2010.<ref name="amaa2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|title=Nominees & Winners of AMAA 2007 @ a glance|publisher=The African Movie Academy Awards|accessdate=11 September 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210070846/http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|archivedate=10 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="mshale">{{cite news|url=http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407 |title=Africa Celebrates Film Industry at AMAA 2007 |last=Coker |first=Onikepo |date=4 May 2007 |work=Mshale Newspaper |publisher=Mshale Communications |accessdate=5 September 2010 |location=Minneapolis, USA |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303204433/http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407 |archivedate=3 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=The Nation Newspaper |title=Chioma Akpotha: I was shy as a young girl |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/chioma-akpotha-i-was-shy-as-a-young-girl/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=The Nation Newspaper}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == An haifi Chioma Chukwuka ce a jihar Legas, Kuma ta girma ne daga Oraifite, karamar hukumar Ekwusigo, [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]], Nigeria.<ref name="IMDB">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.me/chiomakpotha|title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha|date=9 April 2019|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=9 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=NJOKU |first1=CHISOM |title=Chioma Chukwuka: The Method Actress |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=Guardian Newspapers |archive-date=19 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019140156/https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kammala karatun ta na firamare a Onward Nursery da Primary School a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], daga nan ta wuce zuwa Kwalejin 'Yan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke [[Onitsha]], [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] don yin karatun sakandare. Daga nan kuma ta wuce zuwa Jami’ar Jihar Legas, inda ta karanci Banki da Kudi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp |title=Glo Ambassadors - Chioma Chukwuka |publisher=[[Globacom]] |accessdate=21 February 2011 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926204345/http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp |archivedate=26 September 2011 }}</ref><ref name="sunnews1">{{cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/celebrityfashion/2005/june/14/celebrityfashion-14-06-2005-001.htm|title=Nigerian men are worth dying for –Nollywood star, Chioma Chukwuka|last=Amatus|first=Azuh|date=14 June 2005|newspaper=Daily Sun|accessdate=12 September 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514163907/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/celebrityfashion/2005/june/14/celebrityfashion-14-06-2005-001.htm|archivedate=14 May 2007}}</ref> == Aiki == Rawar da Chioma Chukwuka ta fara takawa da farawarta a cikin fim shine cikin fim din "The Apple" a shekarar 2000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=NJOKU |first1=CHISOM NJOKU |title=Chioma Chukwuka: The Method Actress |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=Guardian Newspaper |archive-date=19 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019140156/https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma yi rawar gani a fim ɗin ''The Handkerchief'' a shekarar 2000.<ref name="konnectafrica">{{cite news|url=https://www.konnectafrica.net/chioma-chukwuka-akpotha-actress-producer-and-nollywood-sweetest-heart/|title=Chioma Chukwuka-Akpotha; Actress, Producer and Nollywood’s Sweetest Heart|work=Konnect Africa|accessdate=4 February 2019}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007 ta sami kyautar mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a jagora "a kyautar Academy Movie Awards don fim ɗin ''Sins of the naman'' . Tare da shekaru 20 na gwaninta, ta yi tauraron fina -finai a cikin fina-finai sama da 350 na Nollywood, ta samar fina-finai 6 kuma suna da lambobin yabo da yawa a cikin ta. A matsayinta na mai shirya fina-finai, Chioma ta fito da wasu fina-finai sama da 8 wadanda suka hada da wadanda aka zaba wadanda aka baiwa kyautar ''On Bend Knees'' . Ita ce kuma mai magana da yawun jama'a kuma mai ba da shawara. Ta ƙaddamar da wani tsarin inganta ƙarfin gini a cikin watan Janairun shekarar 2019, Masterclass Tare da Chioma (Masterclasschioma.com) inda matasa masu koyar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu zane-zane, masu shirya fina-finai, da sauran ƙwararrun masana'antu ke koyar da su.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |date=9 April 2019|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=21 April 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio |website=IMDb |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio |website=IMDb |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref> == Babban-aji tare da Chioma == A watan Janairun shekarar 2019, ta ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da wani tsari na samar da ƙarfafawa da ake kira Masterclass With Chioma, inda ake son baiwa, musamman 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu shirya fina-finai, masu zane-zane,' yan wasan kwaikwayo da sauran ƙwararrun masana'antu kan abin da ake buƙatar yin ta a fim, TV., da wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="iDonSabi">{{cite news|url=https://idonsabi.com/chioma-akpotha-to-train-intending-actors-and-actresses/|title=Chioma Akpotha To Train Intending Actors And Actresses|work=I Don Sabi|accessdate=9 April 2019}}</ref> == Yarjejeniyar yarda == Chioma Akpotha ta zama jakadiyar talla ta Erisco Foods a watan Nuwamba shekarar 2018.<ref name="Erisco">{{cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/brand-unveils-nollywoods-chioma-chukwuka-as-ambassador/|title=Brand unveils Nollywood’s Chioma Chukwuka as Ambassador|work=The Guardian Newspaper|date=22 November 2018|accessdate=4 February 2019}}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Chukwuka ya yi aiki a matsayin jakada mai farin jini ga wasu kamfanoni na kasuwanci na Najeriya da na duniya, gami da Globacom Nigeria, wani kamfanin sadarwa, Omo Detergent da Harpic Cleaner.<ref name="glo">{{cite news|url=http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2013/05/17/glo-drops-monalisa-chinda-chioma-chukwuka-as-ambassadors/|title=GLO Drops Monalisa Chinda, Chioma Chukwuka As Ambassadors|work=The Tide Newspaper|date= 17 May 2013|accessdate=21 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Omo">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/06/funke-akindele-chioma-chukwuka-ali-nihu-unveiled-as-ambassadors-for-omo/|title=Funke Akindele, Chioma Chukwuka, Ali Nuhu unveiled as ambassadors for OMO|publisher=TheNETng Newspaper|accessdate=21 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032811/http://thenet.ng/2014/06/funke-akindele-chioma-chukwuka-ali-nihu-unveiled-as-ambassadors-for-omo/|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Harpic">{{cite news|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/helen-paul-replaces-chioma-chukwuka-as-harpic-ambassador/|title=Helen Paul replaces Chioma Chukwuka as Harpic ambassador|first=Funsho |last=Akinwale|work=The Eagle Newspaper|date=11 July 2015|accessdate=21 November 2017}}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == Chukwuka ta auri Franklyn Akpotha a shekarar 2006.<ref name="pulse">{{cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/chioma-chukwuka-5-things-you-should-know-about-stellar-actress-id4622306.html|title=Chioma Chukwuka: 5 things you should know about 'Stellar' actress|first=Chidumga |last=Izuzu|work=PulseNG|date= 29 January 2016|accessdate=21 November 2017}}</ref> == Fina-finai == ===Amatsayin yar'wasa === * 2000: ''The Apple'' * 2000: ''Three Musketeers'' * 2000: ''Handkerchief'' * 2002: ''Sunrise'' * 2002: ''The Final Clash'' * 2003: ''Disguise'' * 2003: ''Handsome'' * 2003: ''Real Love'' * 2003: ''Romantic Attraction'' * 2004: ''Foul Play'' * 2004: ''Unbroken Promise'' * 2004: ''Two Become One'' * 2004: ''Promise & Fail'' * 2004: ''Legacy'' * 2004: ''Home Sickness'' * 2004: ''Heavy Rain'' * 2004: ''Circle of Tears'' * 2005: ''War for War'' * 2005: ''Years of Tears'' * 2005: ''Sins of the Flesh'' – Chukwuka won the African Movie Academy Award in 2007 for Best Actress for her role in this movie * 2005: ''Second Adam'' * 2005: ''Sacred Tradition'' * 2005: ''Real Love 2'' * 2005: ''Real Love 3'' * 2005: ''Moment of Truth'' * 2005: ''Knowing You'' * 2005: ''Golden Moon'' * 2005: ''Azima'' * 2005: ''Fake Angel'' * 2005: ''Eagle's Bride'' * 2005: ''The Bridesmaid'' * 2006: ''Wisdom of the Gods'' * 2006: ''Zoza'' * 2006: ''Traumatized'' * 2006: ''Total Crisis'' * 2006: ''Tears in My Heart'' * 2006: ''Strange Love'' * 2006: ''Sound of Love'' * 2006: ''Serpent in Paradise'' * 2006: ''Saviour'' * 2006: ''The Saint'' * 2006: ''Royal Insult'' * 2006: ''Royal Doom'' * 2006: ''On My Wedding Day'' * 2006: ''Naked Sin'' * 2006: ''On My Wedding Day'' * 2006: ''Last Dance'' * 2006: ''Holy Family'' * 2006: ''Games Men Play'' || Directed by Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen * 2006: ''End of Discussion'' * 2006: ''Desperate Ambition'' * 2006: ''Dead in Faith'' * 2006: ''Chinwe Okeke'' * 2006: ''Asunder'' * 2006: ''Ass on Fire'' * 2006: ''Death In Faith'' * 2007: ''Double Game'' * 2008: ''Red Soil'' * 2008: ''World Of Our Own'' * 2008: ''Wind Of Sorrow'' * 2009: ''Odum Na Akwaeke'' * 2011: ''The Throne Is Mine'' * 2011: ''Nne Ifedigo'' * 2012: ''Cry No More'' * 2013: ''On Bended Knees'' * 2014: ''Heart Of Gold'' * 2014: ''Warrior Sisters'' * 2014: ''Aziza'' * 2014: ''Warrior Sisters'' * 2014: ''Sabina Makosa'' * 2014: ''Magic Dragon'' * 2014: ''Unforgiven'' * 2014: ''Police On Duty'' * 2014: ''Village Commando'' * 2014: ''Nwaogo The House Maid'' * 2015: ''Agbaranze'' * 2015: ''Ezi Nwa Di Uko'' * 2015: ''Rain Of Hope'' * 2015: ''Chinasa My Love'' * 2015: ''Nwanyi Nnewi'' * 2015: ''Kamsi The Freedom Fighter'' * 2015: ''The Lioness'' * 2015: ''Amarachi'' * 2015: ''Coffin Business'' * 2015: ''Anelka'' * 2015: ''Udu Bundle'' * 2016: ''Rain Of Hope'' * 2016: ''Evil Coffin'' * 2016: ''Genesis Of Love'' * 2016: ''The Flute Boy'' * 2016: ''Marriage Crisis'' * 2016: ''Sister Maria'' * 2016: ''Akwaeke'' * 2016: ''Wives On Strike I'' * 2017: ''Evil Culture'' * 2017: ''2nd Coming Of Christ'' * 2017: ''Innocent Murderer'' * 2017: ''My Mother My Pain'' * 2017: ''All For Love'' * 2017: ''Heart of Ulimma'' * 2017: ''King Uremma'' * 2017: ''Reign Of Truth'' * 2017: ''God Of Liberation'' * 2017: ''My Mother'' * 2017: ''Jehovah Witness'' * 2017: ''Local Queen'' * 2017: ''Somto'' * 2017: ''Christmas Is Coming'' * 2017: ''Choked'' * 2017: ''Bird Watcher'' * 2017: ''Village Champion'' * 2017: ''The Unforeseen Truth'' * 2017: ''Dangerous Confession'' * 2017: ''Innocent Murderer'' * 2017: ''The Tradition'' * 2017: ''Broken Vow'' * 2017: ''Beyond Trust'' * 2017: ''Tender Heart'' * 2018: ''Sound of Wisdom'' * 2018: ''Let Me Love You 1'' * 2018: ''Let Me Love You 2'' * 2018: ''Deeper Than Pain'' * 2018: ''Desperate Twins'' * 2018: ''In Love Again After Heartbreak 1'' * 2018: ''In Love Again After Heartbreak 2'' * 2018: ''My Drum of Love 1'' * 2018: ''My Drum of Love 2'' * 2018: ''Life After Marriage'' * 2018: ''Immortal Love 1'' * 2018: ''Immortal Love 2'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 1'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 2'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 3'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 4'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 5'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 6'' * 2018: ''The Ghost and the Tout'' * 2018: ''Lara & the Beat'' * 2019: ''Void'' * 2019: ''For Want Of A Queen'' * 2019: ''In Your Dreams'' * 2019: ''The Street Kid'' * 2019: ''Rain of LOVE'' * 2019: ''Dark Cloud'' === A matsayin mai shiryawa === * 2013: ''A Kan Knees'' * 2016: ''Kukan Mutuwar'' * 2017: ''Zaɓa'' * 2017: ''Bird Watcher'' * 2019: ''Ga Fatan Sarauniya'' * 2019: ''A cikin Mafarkan ku'' * 2019: ''ruwan sama na soyayya'' * 2019: ''Girgije mai duhu'' == Kyaututtuka da kuma gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" ! Shekara ! Jikin Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Wanda Aka Zaɓi ! Sakamakon |- | 2007 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautar Afirka | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Abubuwan Tsutsotsi na Jiki |{{won}} |- | 2010 | Kyautar Afro Hollywood | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Kanshi |{{won}} |- | 2012 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Brand jakadan shekara | Harpic |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=The 2012 Exquisite Lady of the Year (ELOY) Awards – Ty Bello, Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Toolz, Ini Edo, Tiwa Savage, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie & Other Powerful Women Make the Nominees List|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2012/11/the-2012-exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-ty-bello-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-toolz-ini-edo-tiwa-savage-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-other-powerful-women-make-the-nominees-list/ |website=Bella Naija |date=7 November 2012|accessdate=17 April 2019}}</ref> |- | 2013 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Yar fim din Shekarar | A Kan Knees |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=ELOY Awards 2013 Set For November 24, Performances From Banky W, Emma Nyra & More|url=http://onobello.com/y-w-emma-nyra-more/|website=Onobello|date=1 November 2013|accessdate=17 April 2019|archive-date=17 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417220233/http://onobello.com/y-w-emma-nyra-more/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun kyaututtukan Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jagora a cikin Fim na Turanci | A Kan Knees |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2013 | rowspan="3" | Kyautar Zane Ilimin Kwallon Kaya na Golden | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="3" | A Kan Knees |{{nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Cinematography |{{nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun actress | {{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Brand jakadan shekara | Omo |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|first=Chinedu|last=Adiele|date=20 October 2014|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2014 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautar Afirka | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautar Zane Ilimin Kwallon Kaya na Golden | Mafi kyawun actress | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautar fina-finan Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jagora | Hadari |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Mercy Johnson Battles Chioma Akpotha, 6 Others For Best Actress Award |url=https://stemarsblog.com/ |website=Stemarsblog |date=24 September 2013 |accessdate=17 April 2019 |archive-date=28 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328114605/http://www.stemarsblog.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2014 | Kyautar Nishadi ta Najeriya | Mafi kyawun actress a Jagoranci | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2015 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2016 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2017 | Kyautar Za ~ en 'Yan kallo na Masu sihiri a Afirka | Mafi kyawun actress a cikin Comedy | Mata a kan bugun jini |{{nom}} |- | 2018 | Kyautar Ghana-Naija | Actress of the Year | Kanshi |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Organizers unveil nominations for 2018 Ghana-Naija Awards |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Organizers-unveil-nominations-for-2018-Ghana-Naija-Awards-685699 |website=GhanaWeb |date=17 September 2018|accessdate=17 April 2019}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[category:Haifaffun 1980]] 1sscqi8j9ujl74hcpclpkbqlzxi25q0 0 14748 548040 526311 2024-11-29T00:25:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Benson''' (an haife ta ranar 5 ga Watan April shekarar alif 1966) ta kasance yar'fim din [[Najeriya]] ce, mai shirin [[telebijin]] da taimako.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/liz-benson-makes-a-comeback/|publisher=The Nation|title=Liz Benson makes a comeback|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da karatu== Ta fara aikin fim tun sanda take da shekara 5 a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liz Benson, back with a bang! |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-liz-benson-back-with-a-bang/n9s07mf |access-date=2020-10-08 |archive-date=2021-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160458/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-liz-benson-back-with-a-bang/n9s07mf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Check out Liz Benson, Frederick Leonard, Mimi Orijekwe in upcoming series|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/hilarious-hilary-check-out-liz-benson-frederick-leonard-mimi-orijekwe-in-upcoming-series-id3781676.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=21 May 2015|archive-date=10 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510054126/http://pulse.ng/movies/hilarious-hilary-check-out-liz-benson-frederick-leonard-mimi-orijekwe-in-upcoming-series-id3781676.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kokolevel.com/2017/03/liz-bensons-daughter-lilians-pre-wedding-photos-adorable-see-photos/|title=Liz Benson’s Daughter, Lilian’s Pre Wedding Photos Are So Adorable- See Photos|date=30 March 2017|work=Koko Level's Blog|access-date=24 May 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==Aiki== ===Dawowarta Nollywood=== Tun dawowarta Nollywood, salon fim dinta ya canja inda aka ga ta fara wa'azi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-liz-benson-back-with-a-bang/n9s07mf |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-10-08 |archive-date=2021-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160458/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-liz-benson-back-with-a-bang/n9s07mf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=I will be damned if I don’t speak out — Liz Benson-Ameye |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/10/will-damned-dont-speak-liz-benson-ameye/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Liz Benson returns |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/02/liz-benson-returns/}}</ref> A wani tattaunawa, ta bayyana cewa zata kawai fito ne a fim din da ta tabbatar ne yana kan addininta. ==Rayuwarta== Benson ta rasa mijinta na farko (Samuel Gabriel Etim) a sanda take da farkon aurenta. Ta fadi cewa ta samu karfi daga dabi'un sa kuma hakane ta bata karfin gwiwar cigaba da rayuwa da ya'yanta dukda rashin miji. Yar'shirin, ta sake yin aure. Cikin sirri a wani kotu a [[Abuja]], Ta auri Bishop Great Ameye na Freedom Family Assembly a 2009 a Rainbow Christian Assembly a birnin [[Warri]], [[Delta State]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/5387/3/why-i-remarried-liz-benson.html|title=Why I Remarried — Liz Benson|work=Modern Ghana|access-date=24 May 2018|language=en-gb}}</ref> The couple are deeply involved in a Christian Evangelical Ministry. While Benson is an evangelist, her husband, Ameye, is a pastor in Warri, Delta State.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/life-beat/from-showbiz-to-the-pulpit/|title=From showbiz to the pulpit|date=10 March 2012|author=Ademola Olonilua|publisher=The Punch|access-date=29 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413090620/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/life-beat/from-showbiz-to-the-pulpit/|archive-date=13 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Benson is an evangelist and lives in [[Delta State]] with her husband. Together they run a ministry, Freedom Family Assembly.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/21129/27/my-mistakes-belong-to-the-past-liz-benson.html|title=MY MISTAKES BELONG TO THE PAST – LIZ BENSON|website=Nigeriafilms|author=Kemi Lawal|publisher=Punch|access-date=29 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410211727/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/21129/27/my-mistakes-belong-to-the-past-liz-benson.html|archive-date=10 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Zababbun fina-finai== Wasu daga cikin muhimman fitowarta sun hada da fitar ta amatsayin Titubi acikin [[Femi Osofisan]]'s ''Morountodun'' da Mrs. Agnes Johnson acikin ''Fortunes'', shirin da aka nuna shi a [[Nigerian Television Authority]] (NTA) Channel 10. Ta fito acikin shirye-shirye da dama na Najeriya kamar ''Evil Men 1'' and ''2'', ''Shame'', ''Conspiracy'', ''Izaga'', ''Burden'', ''Stolen Child'', ''Faces'', ''Dead End'', ''Tycoon'', ''[[Glamour Girls]]'', ''Body of Vengeance'' and a horde of other movies. {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| * ''[[Still Falling]]'' (2021) as Mrs. Kuku * ''[[Lotanna]]'' (2017) as Efya * ''[[Children of Mud]]'' (2020) as Annie * ''Lotanna'' (2017) as Efya *"Idahosa Trails" (2017) as Sarah *" Behind the Wheels" (2017) as Mama Elijah * ''Hilarious Hilary'' (2015) *" Miss Teacher " (2015) as Principal *" Dry" (2015) as Matron * ''Mummy Dearest'' (2015) as Rose Chinda * ''[[Dry (2014 film)|Dry]]'' (2014) as Matron * ''Toko taya'' (2007) as Stella * ''Political Control'' (2006) * ''Political Control 2'' (2006) * ''Political Control 3'' (2006) * ''Bridge-Stone'' (2005) as Polina * ''Bridge-Stone 2'' (2005) * ''Crazy Passion'' (2005) a Rebecca * ''Crazy Passion 2''(2005) * ''Day of Atonement'' (2005) * ''Now & Forever''(2005) * ''Now & Forever 2'' (2005) * ''Squad Twenty-Three'' (2005) * ''Squad Twenty-Three 2'' (2005) * ''Women in Power'' (2005) * ''Women in Power 2'' (2005) * ''Inheritance'' (2004) * ''Melody of Life'' (2004) as Anita * ''Red Hot'' (2004) * ''Turn Table'' (2004) * ''Turn Table 2'' (2004) * ''World Apart'' (2004) as Mirabel * ''World Apart 2'' (2004) * ''Èèkù-idà'' (2002) * ''Èèkù-idà 2'' (2002) * ''Wisdom and Riches'' (2002) * ''Wisdom and Riches 2'' (2002) * ''Dapo Junior'' (2000) .... Ronke * ''[[Karishika|Karishika: Part 2 1999]]'' (1999) * ''Chain Reaction'' (1999) * ''[[Diamond Ring (1998 film)|Diamond Ring]]'' (1998) * ''Diamond Ring 2'' (1998) * ''[[Karishika]]'' (1998) * ''[[Scores to Settle]]'' (1998) * ''Witches'' (1998) as Princess * ''Yesterday'' (1997) * ''Back to Life'' (1997) * ''[[Glamour Girls (1994 film)|Glamour Girls 1996]]'' (1996) * ''True Confession'' (1995) * ''[[Glamour Girls (1994 film)|Glamour Girls]]'' (1994) * ''Silenced'' (????) * ''Hour of Grace'' * ''Lady Bianca'' * ''Evil Men'' }} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hadin waje== * {{IMDb name|id=1229840|name=Liz Benson}} * [http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=1254&z=3 Liz Benson on her new life at 40] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200625/http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=1254&z=3 |date=2016-03-03 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141031091840/http://www.fimvillage.com/celebrity/liz_benson Liz Benson's Profile on Fimvillage] {{DEFAULTSORT:Benson, Liz}} [[Category: Haifaffun 1966]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] mvjig8l6fx625balmsaa8x4qzhw9k6e 0 14756 547879 416557 2024-11-28T21:38:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Iyabo_Ojo_(cropped).png|200px|right|thumbnail|Alice Iyabo Ojo]] '''Alice Iyabo Ojo''' (an haife ta ranar 21 ga Watan December a shekara ta alif 1977) yar [[Najeriya]] ce, [[yar'fim|yar'fim]], mai'shiri da samar da fim.<ref name=TIN>[http://www.takemetonaija.com/2016/01/actress-iyabo-ojo-full-biographylife.html "Actress Iyabo Ojo Full Biography, Life And Career"], ''T.I.N. Magazine'', 27 January 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/10/iyabo-ojo-talks-about-her-fashion-lifestlye.html|title=Iyabo Ojo Talks About Her Fashion Lifestlye|author=Tolu|work=Information Nigeria|date=18 October 2014|accessdate=1 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/26932-iyabo-ojo-s-silence-records-low-turn-out-at-cinema/26932-iyabo-ojo-s-silence-records-low-turn-out-at-cinema|title=Iyabo Ojo's 'Silence' records low turn out at cinema|work=The Nigerian Tribune|access-date=1 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144929/http://www.tribune.com.ng/quicklinkss/entartainment/item/26932-iyabo-ojo-s-silence-records-low-turn-out-at-cinema/26932-iyabo-ojo-s-silence-records-low-turn-out-at-cinema|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/09/iyabo-ojo-tells-us-why-her-first-marriage-crashed.html|title=Iyabo Ojo tells us why her first marriage crashed|author=Haliwud|work=Information Nigeria|date=30 September 2014|accessdate=1 April 2015}}</ref> Ta fito acikin sama da 150 na fina-finai, Kuma ta shirya fim 14 da kanta.<ref name=TIN /> ==Farkon rayuwa da karatu== Iyabo Ojo an haife ta ne da suna Alice Iyabo Ogunro a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta alif 1977, a [[Lagos]], [[Najeriya]], dukda mahaifin ta daga [[Abeokuta]], [[Jihar Ogun]] yake.<ref name=Weekender>Adebayo Nurudeen, Francis Ogbonna and Stephen Aya, [http://nationalweekender.net/marriage-is-a-distraction-iyabo-ojo/ "Marriage Is A Distraction –Iyabo Ojo"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107031816/http://nationalweekender.net/marriage-is-a-distraction-iyabo-ojo/ |date=2017-11-07 }}, ''National Weekender'', 16 January 2015.</ref> Itace karama daga cikin su uku, sauran yayyin ta biyu maza ne.<ref name=Weekender /> Tayi makaranta a Lagos National College, Gbagbada, bayan kammalawa ta wuce ta karanta Estate Management a [[Lagos State Polytechnic]].<ref name="net">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/12/yoruba-actress-iyabo-ojo-clocks-38-today/|title=Yoruba actress, Iyabo Ojo clocks 38 today|author=Timilehin Ajagunna|date=21 December 2015|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today}}</ref> ==Aiki== Iyabo Ojo tafara shirin tun a secondary school, Iyabo Ojo sannan a shekara ta 1998, tafara shirin fim na farko. Ta yi rijista da [[Actors Guild of Nigeria]] (AGN) da taimakon [[Bimbo Akintola]], sannan kuma tayi kokarin kafa alaka da wasu mutane <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/iyabo-ojo-biography-career-movies-more/|title=Iyabo Ojo: Biography, Career, Movies & More|website=nigerianfinder.com|language=en-US|access-date=16 September 2018}}</ref> Ojo ta rubuta da fitowa acikin fina-finan Najeriya da dama. Fim dinta n'a farko shine a 1998's ''Satanic'', wani fim din turanci. In 2002, ya kuma yi fim din [[Yarbanci]] tare da ''Baba Darijinwon''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/05/i-am-not-in-a-rush-to-remarry-iyabo-ojo/|title=I am not in a rush to remarry – Iyabo Ojo|last=Onikoyi|first=Ayo|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|date=26 May 2012|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> A watan Janairun shekarar 2015, fim din ta mai suna ''Silence'', wanda ya fitar da [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]] [[Alex Usifo]], [[Fathia Balogun]], da [[Doris Simeon]], kuma an nunnuna a Silverbird Cinemas, [[Ikeja]], a Lagos.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/30963/48/bad-market-for-iyabo-ojo-as-stars-fans-media-shun-.html|title=Bad Market For Iyabo Ojo, As Stars, Fans, Media, Shun Her Movie Premiere|work=nigeriafilms.com|accessdate=1 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402195054/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/30963/48/bad-market-for-iyabo-ojo-as-stars-fans-media-shun-.html|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/several-millions-went-producing-silence-iyabo-ojo/|title=Several millions went into producing Silence — Iyabo Ojo|work=Vanguard News|date=18 January 2015|accessdate=1 April 2015}}</ref> A shekarar 2004, Ojo ta fara shirya fina-finan ta. Fim din farko na Ojo shine ''Bolutife'', sannan ta shirya ''Bofeboko'', ''Ololufe'', ''Esan'' da ''Okunkun Biribiri''.<ref name=TIN /> Ta kuma raba aurenta da mijinta gabaninta yin sunanta. ==Rayuwarta== Ta auri mutumin Lagos wanda ke sana'ar saida fina-finai a shekarar 1999, asanda take shekara 21 da haihuwa,<ref name=NF>[https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/85-film-tv-workshop/22857-iyabo-ojo-has-droped-her-ex-husband-s-name-changes-to-maiden-name-ogunro "Iyabo Ojo Has {{sic|Droped|nolink=y}} Her Ex Husband’s Name; Changes To Maiden Name ‘Ogunro’"], ''Nigeria Films''.</ref> Ta yi hutu daga cigaba da sana'arta. Ta haife yaro namiji sannan ta haifi mace (haihuwarsu a shekarar 1999 da 2001 ajere), na fari Felix Ojo da Priscilla Ajoke Ojo, amma ayanzu ta rabu da mahaifin su.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/i-regret-rushing-into-marriage-iyabo-ojo/|title=I regret rushing into marriage –Iyabo Ojo|work=The Punch|date=26 March 2013|author=Ademola Olonilua|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316004346/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/saturday-beats/i-regret-rushing-into-marriage-iyabo-ojo/|archivedate=16 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=TIN /><ref name=Weekender /> Ta alakanta rabuwar aurenta na farko da yin aure da wuri da tayi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.ng/razzmatazz/item/13540-i-ve-corrected-my-marital-mistakes-iyabo-ojo/13540-i-ve-corrected-my-marital-mistakes-iyabo-ojo|title=I’ve corrected my marital mistakes — Iyabo Ojo|author=Segun Adebayo|work=tribune.com.ng|accessdate=4 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402134731/http://tribune.com.ng/razzmatazz/item/13540-i-ve-corrected-my-marital-mistakes-iyabo-ojo/13540-i-ve-corrected-my-marital-mistakes-iyabo-ojo|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> Ojo tace sunan Ojo na sunan ta sunan tsohon mijinta ne kuma dan Haka tana son tarinqa amfani da sunan Ojo.<ref name=NF /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-31|title=Iyabo Ojo Celebrates Mum’s Birthday In A Grand Style (Photos)|url=https://www.theafricanmedia.com/iyabo-ojo-celebrates-mums-birthday-in-a-grand-style-photos/|access-date=2020-08-31|website=The African Media|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011183020/https://www.theafricanmedia.com/iyabo-ojo-celebrates-mums-birthday-in-a-grand-style-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Gidauniyar Pinkies== Iyabo Ojo ta kaddamar da NGO, Pinkies Foundation, wanda ke kula da bukatun kananan yara masu bukata ta musamman, A watan Mayun shekarar 2011. Ta yi bikin murnar cikar Gidauniyar shekara 5 da samar dashi a ranar 1 ga watan May shekara ta 2016, wanda akayi bikin a R&A City Hotel, [[Ikeja]], Lagos.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://fashionpheeva.com/official-photos-from-iyabo-ojos-star-studded-pinkies-foundation-5-anniversary-event/|title=Official Photos From Iyabo Ojo's Star-Studded Pinkies Foundation @ 5 Anniversary Event|publisher=Fashionpheeva|date=4 May 2016|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=24 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324162011/http://fashionpheeva.com/official-photos-from-iyabo-ojos-star-studded-pinkies-foundation-5-anniversary-event|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== *''Satanic'' (1998) *''Agogo Ide'' (1998) *''Baba Darinjinwon'' (2002) *''Okanla'' (2013) *''Silence'' (2015) *''Beyond Disability'' (2015) *''Black Val''<ref>{{cite web|title='Black Val' – Toyin Aimakhu, Iyabo Ojo, Dayo Amusa, Desmond Elliott attend premiere|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/black-val-toyin-aimakhu-iyabo-ojo-dayo-amusa-desmond-elliott-attend-premiere-id4689072.html|author=Chidumga Izuzu|website=Pulse.ng|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|date=15 February 2016|accessdate=16 February 2016|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520200834/http://pulse.ng/movies/black-val-toyin-aimakhu-iyabo-ojo-dayo-amusa-desmond-elliott-attend-premiere-id4689072.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Arinzo'' *''Apo Owo'' *''Awusa'' (2016) *''Tore Ife'' (Love)<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://yorubamovies.com.ng/iyabo-ojo-movies|title=Best Iyabo Ojo Movies 2017 {{!}} Latest Movies & Filmography|work=Yoruba Movies|access-date=17 July 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=25 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725063502/http://yorubamovies.com.ng/iyabo-ojo-movies|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Trust'' (2016)<ref name=":0" /> *''Ore'' (2016) *''Ipadabo'' (2016)<ref name=":0" /> *''Twisted Twin'' (2016) *''Kostrobu'' (2017) *''Gone to America'' (2017) *''Divorce Not Allowed'' (2018) ==Duba kuma== * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya]] *[[Jerin mutanen Yarbawa]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ojo, Iyabo}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] kcj2svnzckktfs4wvsc2355ca72xfyp 0 14759 547700 530309 2024-11-28T19:38:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Strikemaster 171 (51477878104).jpg|thumb|Desmond Elliot]] '''Desmond Elliot''' (an haife '''Desmond Oluwashola Elliot''';a ranar 4 ga watan February shekarar 1974) ya kuma kasance [[Dan Najeriya|Dan kasar Najeriya]] ne, dan'fim, mai-shiri, kuma dan'siyasa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nationaldailyngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2297:desmond-elliots-rebound-premieres-in-america&catid=130:trendtainment&Itemid=451|title=Desmond Elliot's Rebound Premieres in America|publisher=National Daily Newspaper|accessdate=31 July 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201002190902.html|title=Desmond Elliot for Face of Hope|last=Njoku|first=Benjamin|date=19 February 2010|work=[[AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica Global Media]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> wanda ya fito acikin sama da films dari biyu da shirye-shiryen telebijin da soap operas<ref>{{Cite web|title=Desmond Elliot|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2090825/|access-date=2020-08-31|website=IMDb}}</ref>. Ya kuma lashe kyeutan best supporting actor acikin drama na 2nd Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards kuma an gabatar dashi best supporting actor a 10th [[Africa Movie Academy Awards]].Ya Shiga siyasa inda ya fito Neman Dan majalissa kuma An zaɓe shi dan'majalisa a [[Lagos State House of Assembly]], mai wakiltar [[Surulere]] Constituency,a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilun shekarar, 2015 Nigerian General Elections. ==Farkon rayuwa== [[File:Strikemaster 280 (51477161766).jpg|thumb|Desmond Elliot]] Desmond Elliot an haife shi daga dangin [[Olowogbowo]] a [[Lagos Island]], [[Lagos]] da mahaifiyarsa daga [[Illah]] a [[Arewacin Oshimili]], [[Jihar Delta]];<ref name="Olonilua, Ademola">{{cite web | url=http://www.punchng.com/news/from-the-tube-to-politics-desmond-elliot-9ice-ksb-speak-on-controversies/ | title=From the tube to politics: Desmond Elliot, 9ice, KSB speak on controversies | publisher=The Punch NG | work=The Punch Newspaper | date=20 September 2014 | accessdate=9 October 2014 | author=Olonilua, Ademola | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014235736/http://www.punchng.com/news/from-the-tube-to-politics-desmond-elliot-9ice-ksb-speak-on-controversies/ | archive-date=14 October 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayi makarantar firamare a Air Force Primary School sannan yaje St John's College, duk a [[Jos]]. Ya karanta economics a [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos]] da gamawa a shekarar, 2003.<ref name="refer1">{{cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2005/sept/30/showtime-30-09-2005-001.htm|title=Why I run away from women|last=Onyekaba|first=Corne-Best|date=30 September 2005|work=Daily Sun|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061231130612/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2005/sept/30/showtime-30-09-2005-001.htm|archive-date=31 December 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == [[File:Strikemaster 215 (51478080735).jpg|thumb|Desmond Elliot]] Desmond Elliot yace abokin sa ne ya rinjaye shi yasa ya fara aikin shirin fim.<ref name="refer1" /> Ya fara fim fim dinsa na farko shi ne a ''Everyday People'', ''One Too Much'' da ''Saints and Sinners''. Yana daga na farkon manyan jarumai a [[Nollywood]], ya fito a sama da films dari waɗanda suka haɗa da ''Men Who Cheat'', ''Yahoo Millionaire'' da ''Atlanta''. A shekarar 2006, an gabatar dashi a African Movie Academy Award don zama "Best Actor in Supporting Role" acikin "Behind closed doors".<ref name=book1>{{cite book|last=Kerrigan|first=Finola|title=Film Marketing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2vDPMtYBt0C&pg=PA87&dq=%22desmond+elliot%22&hl=en&ei=uab2TIWJL4X94AbM3-2SBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22desmond%20elliot%22&f=false|edition=1|year=2010|publisher=[[Elsevier|Elsevier Ltd.]]|isbn=978-0-7506-8683-9|page=87}}</ref><ref name=tribune1>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/2005-my-home-suffers-a-lot-cos-of-my-career-desmond-elliot.html|title=My Home Suffers A Lot 'Cos of My Career -Desmond Elliot|last=Olukole|first=Ope|date=11 September 2010|work=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Ibadan, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017142539/http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/2005-my-home-suffers-a-lot-cos-of-my-career-desmond-elliot.html|archive-date=17 October 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=times>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/africa/article7086248.ece#cid=OTC-RSS&attr=797093|title=Nollywood success puts Nigeria's film industry in regional spotlight|last=Clayton|first=Jonathan|work=[[The Times|The Times Online]]|publisher=[[News International|Times Newspapers Ltd]]|location=London, UK|accessdate=1 December 2010|date=3 April 2010|archive-date=21 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621150127/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/#cid=OTC-RSS&attr=797093|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta, 2008 Elliot co-produced da co-directed shirin "Reloaded" wanda ta samu gabatarwa sau 3 a [[African Movie Academy Awards]] a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2009|title=AMAA Nominees and Winners 2009|publisher=[[African Movie Academy Awards]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110405090903/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2009|archivedate=5 April 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://koko.ng/nollywoods-highest-paid-actors-number-4-would-surprise/|title=Nollywood’s Highest Paid Actors - Desmond Elliot|last=Moshood|first=Taofeeq|date=16 August 2010|work=Koko|publisher=Koko Tv|accessdate=16 August 2022|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=glo/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/isong-desmond-elliot-uche-jombo-premiere-two-movies/|title=Isong, Desmond Elliot, Uche Jombo premiere two movies|last=Njoku|first=Benjamin|date=27 November 2009|work=[[Vanguard Media|The Vanguard]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> a cikin 2009 zuwa 2010, Elliot was nominated for the ''Best Actor'' category at the Nigeria Entertainment Awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigeriaentawards.com/nominees.php/|title=List of Nominees: Nigerian Entertainment Awards 2010|accessdate=1 December 2010|archive-date=26 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126105458/http://nigeriaentawards.com/nominees.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Also in 2010, Elliot has been competing to become the ambassador for the Face of Hope Project, a "volunteer-based non-profit, non-religious, non-political organization established to give hope to the hopeless", in which he will work toward fixing "child illiteracy in Nigeria and Africa at large" if he is the victor. In 2014, he was nominated for the African Movie Academy Award for "Best Actor in a Supporting Role" in the movie "Finding Mercy"<ref>{{cite news |title=Desmond Elliot for Face of Hope |author=Benjamin Njoku |newspaper=[[AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica Global Media]] |date=19 February 2010 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201002190902.html |accessdate=1 December 2010}}</ref>. == Siyasa == Desmond Elliot ya bayyana kudurin a Satumba shekarar, 2014 Dan neman [[Lagos State House of Assembly]] ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]]. Yayi takara kuma yalashe [[Surulere]] Constituency a zaben a ranar 11 ga watan April shekarar, 2015 [[2015_Nigerian_general_election | Nigerian General Elections]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://citifmonline.com/2015/04/13/actor-desmond-elliot-wins-parliamentary-elections-in-nigeria/#sthash.vfk0Mks4.dpbs |title=Actor Desmond Elliot wins Parliamentary elections in Nigeria |work=CitiFMOnline |date=13 April 2015 |accessdate=13 April 2015}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Desmomd Elliot yana da aure kuma yana da yara huɗu.<ref name=glo>{{cite web|url=http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp|title=Glo Ambassadors – Desmond Elliot|publisher=[[Globacom]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926204345/http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp|archivedate=26 September 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He is involved in public relations for [[Globacom]].<ref name=glo/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/arguments-doubt-surprises-as-glo-presents-n8m-21-cars-to-winners-in-lagos/|title=Arguments, doubt, surprises as Glo presents N8m, 21 cars to winners in Lagos|last=Osuagwu|first=Prince|date=9 October 2009|work=[[Vanguard Media|The Vanguard]]|accessdate=1 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Helen |first1=Ajomole |title=Desmond Elliot and wife celebrate 15th wedding anniversary |url=https://www.legit.ng/1211813-desmond-elliot-wife-celebrate-15th-wedding-anniversary.html |accessdate=8 January 2019 |work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |publisher=Naija.com |date=26 December 2018 |language=en}}</ref> == Fina-finai == {{col-begin}}{{col-3}} * ''[[Falling (2015 film)|Falling]]'' (2015) * ''Black Val'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title="Black Val" Toyin Aimakhu, Iyabo Ojo, Dayo Amusa, Desmond Elliott attend premiere|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/black-val-toyin-aimakhu-iyabo-ojo-dayo-amusa-desmond-elliott-attend-premiere-id4689072.html|website=Pulse.ng|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=16 February 2016|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520200834/http://pulse.ng/movies/black-val-toyin-aimakhu-iyabo-ojo-dayo-amusa-desmond-elliott-attend-premiere-id4689072.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[The Department (film)|The Department]]'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title='The Department' Watch Osas Ighodaro, OC Ukeje, Majid Michel in trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=16 January 2015|archive-date=20 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320235945/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[When Love Happens]]'' (2014) * ''[[30 Days in Atlanta]]'' (2014) *''[[Okon Goes to School]]'' * ''[[Kamara's Tree]]'' (2013) * ''[[Kiss and Tell (2011 film)|Kiss and Tell]]'' (2011) * ''[[I'll Take My Chances]]'' (2011) * ''[[Bursting Out (film)|Bursting Out]]'' (2010)<ref name="Laugh">{{cite news |title=We Want To Make People Cry And Laugh |author=Tope Olukole |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]] |date=31 July 2010 |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1694-we-want-to-make-people-cry-and-laugh-uche-jombo.html?fontstyle=f-smaller |accessdate=1 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314062326/http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1694-we-want-to-make-people-cry-and-laugh-uche-jombo.html?fontstyle=f-smaller |archive-date=14 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''[[Holding Hope]]'' (2010)<ref name="Laugh" /> * Nollywood Hustlers (2010)<ref>{{cite news |title=Isong, Jombo, Elliot shoot N20m movie |author=Samuel Olatunji |newspaper=[[Daily Sun]] |date=17 January 2010 |url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showpiece/2010/jan/17/showpiece-17-01-2010-003.htm |accessdate=1 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128044812/http://sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showpiece/2010/jan/17/showpiece-17-01-2010-003.htm |archive-date=28 November 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Before the Light (2009)<ref name="Isong">{{cite news |title=Isong on the march again |author= |newspaper=[[AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica Global Media]] |date=13 June 2009 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200906171066.html |accessdate=1 December 2010}}</ref> * Edikan<ref name="Isong" /> * Uyai (2008) * Final Tussle (2008) (V) * Guilty Pleasures (2008)<ref>{{cite news |title=Desmond Elliot Premieres New Movie in Ghana |author=Francis Addo |newspaper=Peace FM Online |date=8 January 2010 |url=http://showbiz.peacefmonline.com/movies/201001/36081.php |accessdate=1 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715060654/http://showbiz.peacefmonline.com/movies/201001/36081.php |archive-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Black Night in South America (2007) * A Better Place (2007) * Caught-Up (2007) * Double Game (2007) * Fine Things (2007) * Ghetto Queen (2007) * Secret Pain (2007) * Men Who Cheat (2006) * A Time to Love (2007) .... Hank * Yahoo Millionaire (2007) .... Jerry * Put It on Me (2006) * Asunder (2006) * Behind the Plot (2006) * Divided Attention (2006) * Efficacy (2006) * Ekaette * Extreme Measure (2006) ... Festus * Final Point (2006) * The Greatest Sacrifice (2006) * King of the Town (2006)<ref>{{cite news |title=Review of King of The Town |author= |newspaper=Modern Ghana News |date=7 October 2006 |url=http://www.modernghana.com/print/521/4/review-of-king-of-the-town.html |accessdate=1 December 2010}}</ref> * Love Wins (2006) .... Austin {{col-break}} * [[Married to the Enemy]] (2006) * My Little Secret (2006) * My Sister My Love (2006) .... Jar * Naked Sin (2006) * Romeo (2006) * Strange Love (2006) * Supremacy (2006) * Too Late to Claim (2006) * Traumatised (2006) * Unbreakable Affair (2006) * Up to Me (2006) * Without Apology (2006) * The Wolves (2006) * Zoza (2006) * A Night in the Philippines (2005)<ref>{{cite news |title=Did the Zeb Ejiro And Ibinabo Love Story in Phillipine [sic] Turn Sour? |author=Clemetina Olomu |newspaper=[[AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica Global Media]] |date=24 June 2007 |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200706250990.html |accessdate=1 December 2010}}</ref> * 2 Face (2005) * Behind Closed Doors (2005) * The Bet (2005) * Broadway (2005) * Destiny's Challenge (2005) * Flying Without Wings (2005) * Fools in Love (2005) * Games Women Play (2005) * Girls in the Hood (2005) * Hold Me Down (2005) * It's Juliet or No One (2005) * Just Me (2005) * The King's Son (2005) * Knowing You (2005) * Men Do Cry (2005) * My Precious Son (2005) * My Sister My Child (2005) * My Sister's Act (2005) {{col-break}} * Now & Forever (2005) * Orange Groove (2005) * The Price of Love: Life Is Beautiful (2005) * Shackles of Death (2005) * Wedding Gift (2005) * Wheel of Change (2005) * Images in the Mirror (2004) .... Deji<ref>{{cite news |title=Images in the Mirror sets to rule market |author=Tony Erhariefe |newspaper=[[Daily Sun]] |date=19 March 2005 |url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/blockbuster/2005/mar/19/blockbuster-19-03-2005-004.htm |accessdate=1 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102122510/http://sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/blockbuster/2005/mar/19/blockbuster-19-03-2005-004.htm |archive-date=2 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Above Love (2004) * Atlanta (2004) * Big Pretenders (2004) * Cinderella (2004) * Danger Signal (2004) * Deep Loss (2004) * Died to Save (2004) * Discord (2004) * For Real (2004) * A Kiss from Rose (2004) * Lake of Fire (2004) .... Brother Emmanuel * Life in New York (2004) * Magic Moment (2004)<ref name="World">{{cite news |title=My Wife and My Kids are My World – Desmond Elliot |author= |newspaper=GhanaWeb |date=30 January 2009 |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/nigerianfilms/article.php?id=856 |accessdate=1 December 2010}}</ref> * Melody of Life (2004) * Missing Angel(2004) * Passion of Mind (2004) * Power of Trust (2004) * Promise & Fail (2004) * True Romance (2004) * Great Change (2003) * Magic Love (2003) * My Faithful Friend (2003) * Passion & Pain (2003) * Tunnel of Love (2003) * Fire Love (2002) * Jesu Mushin (2002) * FISHERS OF MEN {{col-end}} ==Telebiji== * Everyday People (Soap Opera)<ref name="Eat">{{cite news |title=I Eat Right To Keep Fit- Desmond Elliot |author= |newspaper=Peace FM Online |date=4 October 2010 |url=http://showbiz.peacefmonline.com/movies/201010/88312.php |accessdate=1 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007175007/http://showbiz.peacefmonline.com/movies/201010/88312.php |archive-date=7 October 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * One Too Much (Soap Opera)<ref name="Eat" /> * Saints and Sinners (Soap Opera)<ref name="Eat" /> *''[[Santalal]]'' *''[[Super Story]]'' ==Duba kuma== ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Olonilua, Ademola">{{cite web | url=http://www.punchng.com/news/from-the-tube-to-politics-desmond-elliot-9ice-ksb-speak-on-controversies/ | title=From the tube to politics: Desmond Elliot, 9ice, KSB speak on controversies | publisher=The Punch NG | work=The Punch Newspaper | date=20 September 2014 | accessdate=9 October 2014 | author=Olonilua, Ademola | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014235736/http://www.punchng.com/news/from-the-tube-to-politics-desmond-elliot-9ice-ksb-speak-on-controversies/ | archive-date=14 October 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref> }} ==Hadin waje== * {{IMDb name|id=2090825|name=Desmond Elliot}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Elliot, Desmond}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] dzbuk6os134fca1050om0idej8lpsdh 0 14796 548047 502833 2024-11-29T01:01:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Martha Ankoma 02.jpg|thumb|yar filmMartha Ankomah]] [[Fayil:Martha-Ankomah.jpg|thumb|yar was an film]] '''Martha Ankomah'''(an haife ta a ranar 10 ga watan oktoba shekarar 1985) ta kasance yar'[[Ghana]], yar'fim da gudanar da kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/i-never-exchanged-sex-for-a-movie-role-martha-ankomah-id8813158.html |title=I never exchanged sex for a role with a movie director – Actress |first=Joyce |last=Sesi|website=Pulse |date=5 September 2018|access-date=4 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/martha-ankomah-opens-ultra-modern-beauty-salon/|title=martha-ankomah-opens-ultra-modern-beauty-salon|last=News|first=Ghana|date=2019-10-05|website=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da karatu== [[Fayil:Martha Ankoma 01.jpg|thumb|Martha Ankomah]] Ankomah an haife ta ne a [[Accra]], Ghana, amatsayin na fari gurin mahaifiyarta, Ankomah tana tuna irin wahalhalun da tasha yayin girmar ta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2015/11/21/martha-ankomah-reveals-difficult-moments-life/|title=Martha Ankomah Reveals The Most Difficult Moments In Her Life|date=2015-11-21|website=GhanaCelebrities.Com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-04}}</ref> Ita tsohuwar daliba ce ta Adabraka Presbyterian Junior High School, [[Labone Senior High School]] da [[Jami'ar Kwaleji na Jayee]].<ref name="pulse">{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/martha-ankomah-biography-id5122762.html |title=All you need to know about the talented Ghanaian actress |date=8 June 2016 |website=Pulse |access-date=4 November 2018 |archive-date=14 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014192051/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/martha-ankomah-biography-id5122762.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Aiki== [[File:Martha-Ankomah.jpg|thumb|Martha Ankomah]] Ta fadi cewa ta fara aikin fim ne a 1994. Bayan ta yi fina-finai da dama, da fitowa a television serials, ta shiga ''[[Next Movie Star]]'', a nan ne Aka sa tazama a 2007 edition na reality show. Ankomah ta bayyana a yayin hira da tayi da Hitz FM a shekarar 2016 zata rika fitowa ne kawai a shirye-shiryen da suka face da dabi'u nagari.<ref name="pulse" /> In September 2018, cewa zata iya fitowa a kowane mataki, idan har matakin zai tura sako mai kyau zuwa ga masu kallo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201809/363216.php |title=I Will Continue To Accept Sexually Explicit Movie Roles - Martha Ankomah |date=September 18, 2018 |website=peacefmonline.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dailyguideafrica.com/martha-ankomah-leads-reading-campaign/ |title=Martha Ankomah Leads Reading Campaign |first=Nana Kwame |last=Asamoa-Boateng|website=dailyguideafrica.com |date=1 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonlinegh.com/photos-actress-martha-ankomah-foundation-launch/|title=Photos From Actress Martha Ankomah Foundation Launch|date=2016-11-18|website=EOnlineGH.Com|language=en-US}}</ref> ===Fina-finai=== * ''Suncity'' * ''St. James Hotel'' * ''All that Glitters'' * ''Where is your Mobile?'' * ''Power of the gods'' * ''Shakira'' * ''Sin of the Soul'' * ''[[Heart of Men]]'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' * ''Sugar Town'' * ''A Trip To Hell'' ===Martabawa=== * 2010 [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Most Promising Actor]] * 2012 [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Most Promising Actor]] * [[2012 Ghana Movie Awards]] - Best actress in a lead role<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ghana-movie-awards-who-goes-home-with-an-award-id2509561.html |title=Ghana Movie Awards - Who Goes Home With An Award??? |first=Jess |last=Jess |website=Pulse |date=28 November 2012 |access-date=4 November 2018 |archive-date=5 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105061911/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ghana-movie-awards-who-goes-home-with-an-award-id2509561.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[2011 Ghana Movie Awards]] - Best actress in a Supporting role * [[2011 Ghana Movie Awards]] - Favourite actress (movie) * [[2015 Ghana Movie Awards]] - Best actress in a lead role ==Kasuwanci== A 2014, Ankomah ta sanya hannu yarjejeniyar kasuwanci da Vitamilk Viora.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Actress-Martha-Ankomah-is-Face-of-Vita-Milk-Viora-324180|title=Actress Martha Ankomah is Face of Vita Milk Viora|website=ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-04}}</ref> Dusk Capital Limited, dake Ghanaian Investment Bank a 2017 Ankomah ta bayyana cewa ta zama jakadiyar kamfanin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/dusk-capital-supports-vgma.html|title=Dusk Capital supports VGMA|last=122108447901948|date=2017-04-03|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki da kamfanin [[Glo (kamfani)|Globacom]] tun daga 2018 amatsayin jakadiyar tallace-tallace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/martha-ankomah-actress-lands-glo-ghana-ambassadorial-deal/9db6336|title=Actress lands GLO Ghana ambassadorial deal|date=2018-03-23|website=Entertainment|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> A 2018, Ankomah ta zama jakadiyar tallace-tallace na Ghana Textiles Printers' (GTP) a sabon atamfar 'Adepa Dumas'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/November-9th/video-martha-ankomah-unveiled-as-face-of-new-gtp-fabric.php|title=Video: Martha Ankomah unveiled as face of new GTP fabric|website=myjoyonline.com|access-date=2019-10-05}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Martha-Ankomah-unveiled-as-new-face-of-GTP-Adepa-Dumas-fabric-699382|title=Martha Ankomah unveiled as new face of GTP 'Adepa Dumas' fabric|website=ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> ===Kasuwanci kwalliya=== [[File:Martha Ankoma 01.jpg|thumb|Martha Ankomah]] A watan Yulin 2013, Ankomah ta bude shago kwalliyar ta mai suna 'Martha's Place' a Accra. Inda take kula da mata da maza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201307/168993.php|title=XCLUSIV FOTOS: Actress Martha Ankomah Opens Beauty Salon|last=Online|first=Peace FM|website=peacefmonline.com|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> ===Gidauniya=== Gidauniyar Martha Ankomah ta kafa ta ne a 2016, a Ackrobon dake a Awutu Senya District.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Quist|first=Ebenezer|date=2020-02-06|title=Martha Ankomah blesses deprived C/R school with massive stationery donation|url=https://yen.com.gh/146475-martha-ankomah-blesses-deprived-cr-school-massive-stationery-donation.html|access-date=2020-07-09|website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en}}</ref> Gidauniyar na aiki Dan magance [[Autism]] tare da jakadu da zasu wayar da Kai akan autism da tallafawa da taimakon yara<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/martha-ankomah-foundation-launches-in-accra.html|title=Martha Ankomah Foundation launches in Accra|last=122108447901948|date=2016-11-17|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} ==Hadin waje== * {{IMDb name|id=4718345}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ankomah, Martha}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1985]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] jid2iiuzkskal2tnz1q66idlrgmxkj5 0 14806 548083 498609 2024-11-29T04:19:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Mona 4Reall and Salma Mumin at 3Music Awards 2022.jpg|thumb|mona]] '''Salma Mumin''' ta kasance yar kasar [[Ghana]] ce ,kuma mai shirin fim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Angry-Salma-Mumin-blasts-bloggers-denies-ever-looking-for-a-man-621985|title=Angry Salma Mumin blasts bloggers; denies ever looking for a man|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> Aikace aikacenta a kamfanin fim din kasar ta ya janyo mata lashe kyautuka da dama, wanda suka hada da Best International New Actress a shekarar 2014, Papyrus Magazine Screen Actors Awards da kuma Best Actress a shekarar 2019, [[Ghana Movie Awards]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/music/24494/salma-mumin-wins-first-award-after-5-years-of-acting.html|title=Salma Mumin Wins First Award After 5 years of Acting|last=Inusah/Attractive/GhanaState.Com|first=Mustapha A|work=Modern Ghana|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Surprises At 2019 Ghana Movie Awards |url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/61890/surprises-at-2019-ghana-movie-awards.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa== Salma Mumin an haife ta a [[Wa, Ghana|Wa]], acikin [[Yankin Yammacin Upper]] na [[Ghana]] Kuma anan ne ta gudanar da yawancin rayuwan yarintar ta. Ta yi makarantar Odorkor 1 Primary School sannan tayi makarantar Insaaniyya Senior Secondary School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.celebritiesbuzz.com.gh/actress-salma-mumin-goes-completely-nked-to-celebrate-her-birthday/|title=Actress Salma Mumin goes completely n*ked to celebrate her birthday|last=Bless|first=Papaga|date=2018-12-14|website=CelebritiesBuzz|language=en-US|access-date=2020-10-11|archive-date=2019-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121243/https://www.celebritiesbuzz.com.gh/actress-salma-mumin-goes-completely-nked-to-celebrate-her-birthday/|url-status=dead}}</ref> daga baya ta koma [[accra]] domin chigaba da aikin fina-finai [[File:Mona 4Reall and Salma Mumin at 3Music Awards 2022.jpg|thumb|Salma Mumin]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-lost-interest-in-school-because-of-acting-Salma-Mumin-410558|title=I lost interest in school because of acting - Salma Mumin|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> ==Aiki== Mumin ta fara aikin shirin fim a shekarar 2007, inda ta fito acikin fim din ''Passion and Soul''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/salma-produces-no-man-s-land.html|title=Salma produces No Man's Land|last=Duah|first=Kofi|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> Tun shekarar 2012, ta rika fitowa a fina-finai kamar su ''Seduction'', ''No Apology'', ''College Girls'', ''Leave my wife'', ''The Will'', ''No Man’s Land'', da ''What My Wife Doesn’t Know'', da kuma ''John and John''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://encomium.ng/fast-rising-ghanaian-actress-salma-mumin-reveals-how-she-fell-in-love-with-acting/|title=Fast rising Ghanaian actress Salma Mumin reveals how she fell in love with acting|work=Encomium Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> fina-finan ta na farko su ne ''I Love Your Husband'' 1, 2, da na 3 a shekarar 2009. Ta kuma fito a film din ''You May Kill the Bride'' a shekarar 2016. ===Shiri=== A shekarar 2015, gudanar da shirin ta na farko a ''No Man's Land''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/no-man-s-land-everything-you-need-to-know-about-salma-mumin-s-movie-id4662322.html|title="No Man's Land": Everything you need to know about Salma Mumin's movie|last=Mawuli|first=David|language=en-US|access-date=2020-10-11|archive-date=2018-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194753/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/no-man-s-land-everything-you-need-to-know-about-salma-mumin-s-movie-id4662322.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Ayyukan talla== [[Fayil:Mona 4Reall and Salma Mumin at 3Music Awards 2022 (3).jpg|thumb|Salma Mumin]] Ana ganin fuskokin Mumin a Manyan allunan talla da tallace-tallacen TV a Ghana, wadanda suka hada da talla ga kamfanonin kamar [[UniBank]], Jumbo, Electromart da sauraran su. Tallan ta na farko a TV shine na [[UniBank]]. Kuma itace jakadiyar tallace-tallace na [[Hollywood]] Nutritions Slim Smart.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/50103/salma-mumin-is-brand-ambassador-of-hollywood-nutritions-slim.html|title=Salma Mumin Is Brand Ambassador Of Hollywood Nutritions Slim Smart|last=Jeremie|first=Sarah Dankwah|work=Modern Ghana|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== *''What My Wife Doesn’t Know'' *''No Man’s Land'' <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201602/268831.php|title=Salma Mumin Produces 'No Man's Land'|last=Online|first=Peace FM}}</ref> *''Seduction'' *''No Apology'' *''Passion and Soul'' *''College Girls'' *''Leave My Wife'' *''The Will'' *''Amakye and Dede'' *''John and John'' *''Apples and Bananas'' {{Div col end}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hadin waje== * {{IMDb name|id=4449764|name=Salma Mumin}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mumin, Salma}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 79a9c5ewuzzk03370a5az0towv148zs 0 14809 547630 526368 2024-11-28T18:20:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bimbo Oshin''' ta kasance yar'fim din [[Najeriya]] ce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/after-exclusive-breastfeeding-oshin-gets-bolder-with-igboya/|title=After exclusive breastfeeding, Oshin gets bolder with Igboya|work=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper|accessdate=20 February 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221173516/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/after-exclusive-breastfeeding-oshin-gets-bolder-with-igboya/|archivedate=21 February 2015}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da aiki== An haifi Oshi a 24, shekarar 1971 a jihar [[Birnin Ondo|Ondo]], dake [[Jihar Ondo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Tayi makaranta a [[Jami'ar Lagos]] anan kuma ta samu Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree a fannin [[Falsafa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/relationship/item/17722-why-i,-sometimes,-throw-caution-to-the-winds-—bimbo-oshin.html|title=Why I sometimes throw caution to the winds-Bimbo Oshin|work=Nigerian Tribune|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219031052/http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/relationship/item/17722-why-i,-sometimes,-throw-caution-to-the-winds-%E2%80%94bimbo-oshin.html|archive-date=19 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bimbo commenced her acting career in 1996<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibakatv.com/celeb/bimbo-oshin|website=Ibaka tv|title=Bimbo Oshin!|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224064803/http://ibakatv.com/celeb/bimbo-oshin|archivedate=2015-02-24}}</ref> amma ta shahara bayan fitar ta a wani fim din Yarbanci a 2012 mai suna ''[[Omo Elemosho]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/02/10-celebrities-we-cant-get-enough-of/|title=10 celebrities we can’t get enough of….|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== *''[[Eji Owuro]] (2003)'' *''Civil War (2003)'' *''Omo Oku Oron (2004) as Salewa'' *''Ota (2007)'' *''Igi ola mi (2008) as Laide'' *''[[Omo Elemosho]] (2012) as Biola'' *''Kakanfo (2020) as Yeye'' *''[[The New Patriots]] (2020) as Princess Gladys Olubo'' *''May 29 (2020) as Mummy Mayowa'' *''Abebi (2021) as Bolade'' *''Alimi (2021) as Ronke'' *''Strangers (2022) as Toyin'' *''A Bag of Trouble (2023)'' ==Kyautuka== A shekarar 2016, an girmama ta da Icon Category Award a 2016 Afro-Heritage Broadcasting and Entertainment and Awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naijaonlinetv.co.uk/ahbea-2016-nominee-bimbo-oshin-icon-award-category/|title=AHBEA 2016 Nominee, Bimbo Oshin, Icon Award Category|website=naijaonlinetv.co.uk|last=|first=|date=9 July 2016|accessdate=16 February 2017|archive-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216143726/http://www.naijaonlinetv.co.uk/ahbea-2016-nominee-bimbo-oshin-icon-award-category/|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class ="wikitable" |- !Year !Award ceremony !Prize !Result !Ref |- |rowspan="2"|2014 |Yoruba Movies Academy Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2014/03/31/yoruba-movie-awards-odunlade-adekola-fathia-balogun-others-win-see-full-list-winners/|title=Yoruba Movie Awards: Odunlade Adekola, Fathia Balogun, others win [See full list of winners]|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|last=Orenuga|first=Adenike|date=31 March 2014|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref> |- |City People Entertainment Awards |Best Actress of the Year (Yoruba) |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/gist/meet-the-nominees-nominees-for-city-people-entertainment-awards-id2901761.html|title=Meet The Nominees: Nominees for City People Entertainment Awards|website=pulse.ng|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=9 June 2014|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref> |- |2015 |ZAFAA African Film Academy Awards |Best Female Indigenous Actor |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html|title=Queen Nwokoye: Actress wins 'Best Actor Indigenous Female' at ZAFAA 2015|website=pulse.ng|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=3 November 2015|accessdate=16 February 2017|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624033226/http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ==Duba kuma== * [[List of Nigerian film producers]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hadin waje== *{{imdb name|2429877|Bimbo Oshin}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oshin, Bimbo}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Ondo]] 40jj4gyql7qez5bw8xduiurtcxrdyrt 0 14892 548000 546626 2024-11-28T22:51:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Jide kosoko at 2020 AMVCA 02.jpg|thumb|'''Jide Kosoko''']] [[Fayil:Jide kosoko at 2020 AMVCA 03.jpg|thumb|Jide Kosoko]] [[Fayil:Jide kosoko at 2020 AMVCA 01.jpg|thumb|jide kosoko]] '''Jide Kosoko''' (an haife shi 12 ga watan junairu shekarar 1954) ya kasance dan [[Najeriya]] mai shiri da tsara fina-finai.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/how-i-survived-car-crash-jide-kosoko/ |title=How I survived car crash – Jide Kosoko |publisher=punchng.com |accessdate=12 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802190753/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/how-i-survived-car-crash-jide-kosoko/ |archivedate= 2 August 2014 }}</ref><ref name="punch">{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/life-times/i-would-have-been-disappointed-if-none-of-my-children-became-an-actor-jide-kosoko/ |title=I would have been disappointed if none of my children became an actor – Jide Kosoko |publisher=punchng.com |accessdate=12 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812001156/http://www.punchng.com/feature/life-times/i-would-have-been-disappointed-if-none-of-my-children-became-an-actor-jide-kosoko/ |archivedate=12 August 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://dailypost.ng/2014/07/25/jide-kosoko-reveals-diabetes/ | title=Jide Kosoko reveals he has diabetes | publisher=dailypost.ng | accessdate=12 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.ng/glitz/item/12368-my-life-as-jide-kosoko-s-daughter-abidemi-kosoko/12368-my-life-as-jide-kosoko-s-daughter-abidemi-kosoko |title=My life as Jide Kosoko’s daughter—Abidemi Kosoko |publisher=tribune.com.ng |accessdate=12 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813075430/http://tribune.com.ng/glitz/item/12368-my-life-as-jide-kosoko-s-daughter-abidemi-kosoko/12368-my-life-as-jide-kosoko-s-daughter-abidemi-kosoko |archivedate=13 August 2014 }}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da karatu== [[Fayil:Yo-Jide Kosoko.ogg|thumb|furucin jide kosoko]] An haife shi 12 ga watanJanairu, shekarar 1954 a [[Lagos]] daga gidan sarautar [[Kosoko]] dake a [[Lagos Island]]. Ya karanta business administration a [[Yaba College of Technology]].<ref name=naij/> Ya fara aikin shirin fim a 1964 a television production ''Makanjuola''. Ya kuma fito a shirye-shiryen [[Nollywood]] acikin turanci da yarbanci.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/01/jide-kosoko-a-true-actor-at-60/ |title=Jide Kosoko: A true actor at 60 |publisher=Daily Independent |accessdate=February 24, 2015 |date=January 18, 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225011437/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2014/01/jide-kosoko-a-true-actor-at-60/ |archivedate=February 25, 2015 }}</ref> Matashi Kosoko ya girma ne a [[Ebute Metta]] Kuma ya samu shahara neda [[Hubert Ogunde]] da tafiyar sa zuwa shirin fim, sanda suka hadu <ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/10/03/i-got-beating-life-first-performance-jide-kosoko/ |title=I Got The Beating Of My Life After My First Performance – Jide Kosoko • Channels Television |access-date=2018-07-04 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2014/02/11/my-regrets-at-60/ |title=PM NEWS Nigeria |date=2014-02-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> played a character called Alabi.<ref name="thes">{{Cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201507230973.html |title=Nigeria: Jide Kosoko - Thespian With Panache |last=Duru |first=Anthonia |date=2015-07-23 |work=Daily Independent (Lagos) |access-date=2018-07-04}}</ref> Kosoko ya cigaba da shirin fim tare da Kungiyar Awada Kerikeri wanda ya kunshi [[Sunday Omobolanle]], [[Lanre Hassan]] da [[Oga Bello]],<ref name="how">{{Cite news |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/492678-2/ |title=How Ogunde inspired me into acting – Veteran actor Jide Kosoko - The Nation Nigeria |date=2016-03-05 |work=The Nation Nigeria |access-date=2018-07-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> Kuma yana karbar baki a shirye-shiryen telebijin na, [[New Masquerade]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201602221406.html |title=Nigeria: I Will Bring Back the New Masquerade - Chief Zebrudaya |last=Abraham |first=Anthony Ada |date=2016-02-22 |work=Leadership (Abuja) |access-date=2018-07-04}}</ref> In 1972, he formed his own group theatre troupe.<ref name="how" /> [[File:Jide kosoko at 2020 AMVCA 03.jpg|thumb|Jide Kosoko]] Yana shiryawa da rubuta fina-finan sa na kansa, kamar ''Ogun Ahoyaya''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/26873/i-am-a-prince-but-i-wont-be-oba-jide-kosoko.html |title=I AM A PRINCE, BUT I WON'T BE OBA â€" JIDE KOSOKO |work=Nigerian Voice |access-date=2018-07-04 |language=en}}</ref> Kosoko ya fara fitowa a lokacin da aka fara nuna shirye-shiryen a vidiyo, da shirya fim din sa n'a kansa, ''Asiri n la'' a 1992, tare da ''Asewo to re Mecca''<ref name="thes" /> da [[Tunde Kelani]]'s ''Ti Oluwa Ni'Le'' part 2. ==Rayuwarsa== Kosoko nada aure da mata biyu; Karimat da Henrietta<ref name=naij>{{cite news|url=http://www.naij.com/58328.html|website=Naij|title=Nollywood Actor, Jide Kosoko talks about life at the age of 60|author=Yetunde Bamidele|accessdate=February 24, 2015}}</ref> with children and grandchildren.<ref name= punch/> Shine mahaifin shahararrun yan'fim din nan, sune; Bidemi, Shola, Temilade, Tunji, Muyiwa, Tunde kosoko ==Fina-finai== *Nkan La (1992) *Oro Nla (1993) *''[[Out of Luck (2015 film)|Out of Luck]]'' *''[[The Department (film)|The Department]]'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title='The Department' Watch Osas Ighodaro, OC Ukeje, Majid Michel in trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=16 January 2015|archive-date=20 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320235945/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''[[Gidi Up]]'' (2014) (TV Series) *''[[Doctor Bello]]'' (2013) *''[[The Meeting (2012 film)|The Meeting]]'' (2012) *''[[Last Flight to Abuja]]'' (2012) *''[[I'll Take My Chances]]'' (2011) *''[[The Figurine]]'' (2009) *''[[Jenifa]]'' *''[[The Royal Hibiscus Hotel]]'' *''[[King of Boys]]'' (2018) *''[[Kasala (film)|Kasala]]'' *Merrymen (2019) *Bling Lagosians (2019) *Love is war (2019) ==Duba kuma== *[[List of Yoruba people]] *[[List of Nigerian actors]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} ==Hadin waje== *{{IMDb_name|1367313|Jide Kosoko}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kosoko, Jide}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] cpxrd9kdl6vslj592fifb9kadjk31m6 0 14900 548102 363394 2024-11-29T05:30:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Toka McBaror''' Ya kasance mai-shirin fim ne a Najeriya kuma mai-tsarawa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dailytrust.com/ali-nuhu-ramsey-nouah-chika-lann-feature-in-the-millions |title=Ali Nuhu, Ramsey Nouah, Chika Lann feature in ‘The Millions’ |date=August 21, 2019 |last=Kehinde |first=Opeyemi |publisher=Daily Trust |access-date=October 4, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://m.guardian.ng/tag/blossom-chukwujekwu/ |title=Blossom Chukwujekwu News |access-date=October 4, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |title=Somkhele Iyamah, Adesua Etomi, Adunni Ade attend old school themed premiere |date=April 9, 2017 |website=Pulse |access-date=October 4, 2020 |archive-date=July 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194757/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An haife shi a garin [[Kaduna]], [[Jihar Kaduna]], [[Najeriya]] amma dan'asalin [[Jihar Delta]], Nijeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dailytrust.com/i-thought-i-would-end-up-a-basketballer-toka-mcbaror |last=Offiong |first=Adie Vanessa |title=I Thought I Would End Up A Basketballer – Toka Mcbaror |date=April 6, 2019 |publisher=Daily Trust |access-date=October 5, 2020}}</ref> ==Aiki== McBaror ya samu nasara sosai a tsawon lokacin sa n'a shirin fim. A shekarar 2017, "Kada River" wani fim ne da ta shirya da kansa, yasamu gabatarwa a [[Nollywood]] Film Festival a [[Toronto]], [[Kanada]].<ref name=Kdr>{{Cite web |url=https://m.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/a-huge-world-premiere-for-toka-mcbarors-kada-river-in-toronto/ |title=A huge world premiere for Toka Mcbaror’s ‘Kada River’ in Toronto |first=Shaibu |last=Husseini |date=September 16, 2017 |access-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/nollywood-travel-film-festival-movies/ |title=Alter Ego, Kada River… Movies to be screened at Nollywood Travel Film Festival |publisher=News Agency of Nigeria |date=August 31, 2017 | |access-date=October 4, 2020}}</ref> A watan Augusta shekarar 2018, fim din da ya shirya, “The Island” ta samu kyautar "Best African Film", da shi ma an bashi kyautar, "Best Nollywood Director" a Toronto International Nollywood Film Festival, TINFF, wanda ya gudana a [[Toronto]], [[Kanada]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thenationalreporterng.com/nigerian-movie-the-island-wins-best-african-film-award-at-2018-tinff/ |title=Nigerian Movie, The Island, Wins Best African Film Award at 2018 TINFF |date=August 18, 2019 |access-date=October 2, 2020 |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008141807/https://thenationalreporterng.com/nigerian-movie-the-island-wins-best-african-film-award-at-2018-tinff/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A Kuma watan Satummba na wannan shekarar, ya shirya fim din, "[[Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons]]" na [[Ayo Makun]], wani shahararren mai-barkwanci a Najeriya.<ref name=ay>{{Cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/282840-ay-releases-trailer-of-new-film.html |title=AY releases trailer of new film |first=Jayne |last=Augoye |date=September 7, 2018 |access-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== * ''Cubweb Tomorrow'' (2014)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201406270130.html |title=Nigeria: Foluke Daramola-Salako Premieres Cobweb Tomorrow |website=All Africa |publisher=Daily Independent (Lagos) |date=June 26, 2020 |access-date=October 2, 2020}}</ref> * ''[[Ikogosi]]'' (2015) * '' Kada River'' (2017)<ref name=Kdr/> * ''[[Lotanna]]'' (2017) * ''[[Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons]]'' (2018) * ''The Island'' (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iuvitmediasales.com/the-island |title=The Island |publisher=IUVIT Media Sales |access-date=October 4, 2020 |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009180439/https://www.iuvitmediasales.com/the-island |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''[[The Millions (film)|The Millions]]'' (2019) * ''Made in Heaven'' * ''The Chronicle'' (2020) <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nollymoviesplanet.com/2020/05/watch-chronicle-movie-on-corona-virus.html?m=1 |title=Chronicle: Movie on Coronavirus |publisher=Nolly Movies Planet |access-date=October 4, 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/8480177/the-chronicle-by-toka-mcbaror-is-all-about-spreading-awareness-on-coronavirus-wa.html |website=Latest Nigerian News |title=The Chronicle by Toka McBaror is all About Spreading Awareness on Coronavirus |publisher=Bellanaija |date=May 2, 2020 |access-date=October 5, 2020}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hadin waje== * [https://uk.newonnetflix.info/director/toka_mcbaror ''Titles by Toka Mcbaror''] * [https://ng-check.com/toka-mcbaror-aid-foundation/5488405.html ''TOKA MCBAROR AID FOUNDATION''] {{DEFAULTSORT:McBaror, Toka}} r4eswo57y8rf2kle84sc6tchf98rlc7 0 14901 548024 499514 2024-11-28T23:12:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Kemi Adetiba.png|thumb|kemi adetiba]] '''Kemi Adetiba''' Ta kasance yar shirin fim, darekta a telebijin, darektan waka, wanda ayyukan ta ke fitowa a Channel O, [[MTV Base]], [[Soundcity TV]], [[BET]] da [[Netflix]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/05/being-only-female-director-no-big-deal/|title=Being only female director? No big deal|work=Vanguard News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/entertainment/378943/kemi-adetiba-sworn-defend-visual-images|title=Kemi Adetiba: Sworn To Defend All Visual Images - Nigerian News from Leadership Newspapers|work=Nigerian News from Leadership Newspapers|access-date=2020-10-22|archive-date=2017-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421000725/http://leadership.ng/entertainment/378943/kemi-adetiba-sworn-defend-visual-images|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa== [[Fayil:Kemi Adetebi Young CEO.png|thumb|Kemi Adetiba]] An haife ta a Jihar Lagos ranar 8 Janairun shekarar 1980,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/01/kemi-adetiba-gets-really-naughty-for-her-34th-birthday-photos/|title=Kemi Adetiba Gets Really Naughty For Her 34th Birthday [PHOTOS] {{!}} Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|date=2014-01-12|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|access-date=2016-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203060625/http://thenet.ng/2014/01/kemi-adetiba-gets-really-naughty-for-her-34th-birthday-photos/|archive-date=3 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta itace [[Mayen Adetiba]] wacce injinya ce kuma yar'fim. Kemi Adetiba ta fara aikin shirin fim dinta ne tun tana karama inda take gabatar da tallace-tallacen [[Omo (detergent)|OMO]], da bin sawun mahaifin ta, Dele Adetiba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/kemi-adetiba-6-things-you-didnt-know-about-nigerias-bruce-lee-of-visuals-id3280814.html|title=Kemi Adetiba: 6 Things You Didn't Know About Nigeria's 'Bruce Lee of Visuals'|last=Okafor|first=Onnaedo|website=pulse.ng|access-date=2016-05-13|archive-date=2017-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811032541/http://www.pulse.ng/celebrities/kemi-adetiba-6-things-you-didnt-know-about-nigerias-bruce-lee-of-visuals-id3280814.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Aiki== Kemi ta fara aikin tane a gidan [[Rhythm 93.7 FM Lagos|Rhythm 93.7 FM]] inda take gabatar da shirye-shirye, wanda take gudanar da shirye-shirye kamar su: ''Soul’d Out'' da ''Sunday at the Seaside''. Adetiba sannan ta rika yada shirye-shiryen ta a kafafen intanet kamar a Spotify da Soundcloud karkashin sunan 'hule'. Kemi Adetiba ta fara canja fasalin aiki daga kasancewa mai zance a radiyo zuwa mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen vidiyo a [[M-Net|Mnet]], wanda ya hada da Studio 53, Temptation Nigeria wanda take gabatarwa tare da [[Ikponmwosa Osakioduwa]]. Kemi ta kuma zama mai gabatar da shiri a Soundcity TV da kuma karbar shirin Maltina Dance na tsawon shekaru uku.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/people_and_places/media-personality-kemi-adetiba-i-have-been-blessed-id2504609.html|title=Media Personality, Kemi Adetiba- "I Have Been Blessed!!!"|author=Pulse|date=11 April 2012|publisher=|access-date=22 October 2020|archive-date=12 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012222137/http://pulse.ng/people_and_places/media-personality-kemi-adetiba-i-have-been-blessed-id2504609.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayan nasarori na tsawon shekaru, Adetiba ta shiga makarantar [[New York Film Academy]] dan ta koyi ayyukan da zaisa ta kasance korarriya, ayyukan ta sunsa tazamo shahararriya acikin Afirka da kewayensa. Gajeren shirin Kemi Adetiba film ''Across a Bloodied Ocean'' an nuna fim din a 2009 [[Pan African Film Festival]] da [[National Black Arts Festival]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.happenings9ja.com/happenings/posts/entertainment-lifestyle/music-movies/CELEB-OF-THE-WEEK-Kemi-Adetiba-Taking-The-Media-By-Storm|title=Happenings - CELEB OF THE WEEK: Kemi Adetiba, Taking The Media By Storm|publisher=|access-date=2020-10-22|archive-date=2014-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012005655/http://www.happenings9ja.com/happenings/posts/entertainment-lifestyle/music-movies/CELEB-OF-THE-WEEK-Kemi-Adetiba-Taking-The-Media-By-Storm|url-status=dead}}</ref> A 8 Satumba 2016, Fim din Kemi Adetiba film na farko da ya shahara "The Wedding Party" (a Nigerian Rom-com film) an nuna fim din amatsayin mabudin taro na Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF), matsayin film din bude City-to-City Spotlight. [[File:Kemi Adetebi Young CEO.png|thumb|Kemi Adetiba]] A 2017 tana gabatar da shirin "King Women" inda ta tattaunawa da mahaifiyarta [[Mayen Adetiba]]. Wasu manyan matan da ta tattaunawa da sun hada da "King Women" included [[Chigul]], [[Taiwo Ajai-Lycett]], [[TY Bello]] and [[Tara Durotoye]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://idafrica.ng/mayen-adetiba-king-women/|title=Mayen Adetiba speaks on how she dealt with patriarchy at work on the latest episode of King Women|date=2017-06-28|website=ID Africa|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-24|archive-date=2022-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307001545/https://idafrica.ng/mayen-adetiba-king-women/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Kyautuka da gabatarwa== Wasu daga cikin Kyautukan data samu sun hada da Best Female Video na wakar "Ekundayo" daga [[TY Bello]] a [[Soundcity TV]] Music Video Awards, Best Female Video a wakar "Today na Today" na [[Omawumi]] a [[2010 Nigeria Entertainment Awards]]. Ayyukan Adetiba na kwananan sun hada da [[Waje]]’s "Onye" wanda yayi da [[Tiwa Savage]], [[Olamide]]'s "Anifowose", "Sitting on the Throne" da kuma [[Bez (musician)|Bez]]'s [[R&B]] single "Say". An gabatar da Kemi amatsayin Best Music Video Director of the Year a [[The Headies 2014]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/10/kemi-adetiba-honoured-by-headies-and-bentv-nominations/|title=Kemi Adetiba honoured by Headies and BenTv Nominations|author=Editor|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|access-date=7 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202001013/http://thenet.ng/2014/10/kemi-adetiba-honoured-by-headies-and-bentv-nominations/|archive-date=2 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> She won the [[City People Entertainment Awards|City People Entertainment Award]] for Best Music Video Director Of The Year (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eafrique.tv/kemi-adetiba-bags-best-music-video-director-city-people-entertainment-awards/|title=Kemi Adetiba bags best music video director City People Entertainment Awards - Entertainment afriqueEntertainment afrique|date=2015-08-17|website=Entertainment afrique|language=en-US|access-date=2016-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305010425/http://eafrique.tv/kemi-adetiba-bags-best-music-video-director-city-people-entertainment-awards/|archive-date=5 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kuma [[HNWOTY]] Award for Woman of the Year a [[Film]] da [[Television]] (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/kemi-adetiba-wins-2017-her-network-woman-of-the-year-award/|title=Kemi Adetiba Remains Thankful As She Bags Her Latest Achievement|date=2017-11-12|website=Fab Woman Ng|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-11}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== *''[[The Wedding Party (2016 film)|The Wedding Party]]'' (2016) *''[[King of Boys]]'' (2018) * ==Shirye-shirye== *2017: King Women<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/03/nigerians-react-to-kemi-adetibas-new-project-king-woman/ |title=Nigerians react to Kemi adetibas new project KING WOMAN}}</ref> *2015: "Last Bus-Stop" by [[Niyola]] *2015: "[[Dance Go (Eau de Vie)]]" for Hennessy Artistry '15 <small>(feat. [[Wizkid (musician)|Wizkid]] and [[2face Idibia]])</small> *2015: "Out A Magazine" by [[Lindsey Abudei]] *2014:"My Darlin" by [[Tiwa Savage]] *2014:"My Place" by Lynxxx<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2014/07/14/lynxxx-stephanie-coker-place/|title=New Video: Lynxxx & Stephanie Coker In "My Place"|work=Channels Television}}</ref> *2014:"Love to Love You" by Niyola <small>(featuring [[Banky W.]])</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/niyola-goes-topless-new-video/|title=Niyola goes topless for new video|publisher=}}</ref> *2014:"Sitting on the Throne" by [[Olamide]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2014/03/19/olamide-baddo-drops-hot-new-videos/|title=Olamide "Baddo" Drops Hot New Videos - Channels Television|work=Channels Television}}</ref> *2014:"Anifowose" by [[Olamide]] *2014:"Onye" by [[Waje]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2014/07/22/waje-release-onye-video-featuring-tiwa-savage/|title=Waje Release "Onye" Video Featuring Tiwa Savage|work=Channels Television}}</ref> *2013:"Toh Bad" by Niyola<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/niyola-releases-new-video/|title=Niyola releases new video|publisher=}}</ref> *2013:"Say" by [[Bez (musician)|Bez]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2013/07/24/bez-drops-new-video-say/|title=Bez Drops New Video, Say|work=Channels Television}}</ref> *2012:"If I Die" by [[Da Grin]] *2012:"[[Tease Me/Bad Guys]]" by [[Wizkid (musician)|Wizkid]] *2011:"I Believe" by Ego *2011:"Follow You Go" by [[Banky W.]] *2011:"The Future" by [[TY Bello]] *2010:"Fall in Love" by Ego *2010:"Lagos Party" by [[Banky W.]] *2010:"More You" by Banky W. *2011:"Today Na Today" by [[Omawumi]] *2008:"Ekundayo" by TY Bello ==Duba kuma== * [[Jerin Nigerian cinematographers]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} ==Hadin waje== *{{Official website|http://www.kemiadetiba.com}} *{{imdbname|2989430|Kemi Adetiba}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adetiba, Kemi}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] ajkdflzs1wtc1t6aqzsndi8amn4nf86 0 15019 548084 458377 2024-11-29T04:21:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548084 wikitext text/x-wiki Ă{{databox}} '''Salma Phillips'''{{Audio|Ha-Salma Phillips.ogg|Salma Phillips}} ita ce mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin, marubuciya kuma mai gabatarwa daga arewacin Najeriya. Cikakken sunanta Ummu Salma Nabila Phillips. An san ta da yawa da fuskar talabijin ta arewa.<ref>{{cite web|last1=The Editor|title=Salma Phillips: The face of northern television|url=http://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/salma-phillips-the-face-of-northern-television/|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=5 September 2016|archive-date=2 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702023118/https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/salma-phillips-the-face-of-northern-television/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta samu difloma a fannin shari'a daga [[Jami'ar Jos]], Najeriya da kuma BSc. a cikin doka daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Ribas, [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]]. Burinta shi ne ta zama wakiliyan CNN. == Bayan Fage == Salma rabin [[Fulani|bafulatani]] ne kuma rabin [[Calabar|Calabari]] ne daga yankin arewacin Najeriya kuma mai son wakokin hip hop.<ref name="cosmopolitan">{{cite web|title=15 interesting things you didn't know about Salma Phillips.|url=http://www.cosmopolitan.com/ng/celebrity/a1791/15-interesting-things-you-didnt-know-about-salma-phillips/|publisher=Cosmopolitan|accessdate=5 September 2016|archive-date=9 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209032803/http://www.cosmopolitan.com/ng/celebrity/a1791/15-interesting-things-you-didnt-know-about-salma-phillips/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Salma ta kammala karatun lauya ne a Jami'ar Jos, Najeriya, sannan kuma ta sami BSc a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha, Fatakwal. Salma da [[Asa (Nijeriya)|Aṣa]], fitaccen mawaƙin Nijeriya, sun halarci kwaleji ɗaya.<ref name="cosmopolitan2">{{cite web|title=15 interesting things you didn't know about Salma Phillips.|url=http://www.cosmopolitan.com/ng/celebrity/a1791/15-interesting-things-you-didnt-know-about-salma-phillips/|publisher=Cosmopolitan|accessdate=5 September 2016|archive-date=9 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209032803/http://www.cosmopolitan.com/ng/celebrity/a1791/15-interesting-things-you-didnt-know-about-salma-phillips/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2016, ta fara ''Salma Show'' tare da mai da hankali kan al'amuran yau da kullun.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bella Naija.com|first1=|title=Watch "The Salma Show" today! Meet Salma Phillips, TV's New Northern Star|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/02/watch-the-salma-show-today-meet-salma-phillips-tvs-new-northern-star/|publisher=Bella Naija|accessdate=5 September 2016}}</ref> A cewar BellaNaija ta ce: "Kasancewar ni mai gabatar da shirin magana ne buri na ya zama gaskiya a gare ni. A ko yaushe ina son samun dandamali inda zan gabatar da ra'ayina game da batutuwan da nake sha'awar su. Wannan tafiyar ta faro ne shekaru 3 da suka gabata lokacin da na harbe wani matukin jirgi na, a cikin matsaloli iri iri da karaya. Na ƙuduri aniyar ba da duk abin da ya kamata don cin nasara. Yana jin daɗi matuƙar ganin haɗuwa tare." Wadanda za ta yi koyi da su sun hada da Oprah Winfrey, Christian Amanpour, Funmi Iyanda da Femi Oke.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Princess Irede Abumere|title=Northern TV presenter to host "The Salma Show"|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/salma-phillips-northern-tv-presenter-to-host-the-salma-show-id4581140.html|publisher=Pulse.ng|accessdate=5 September 2016|archive-date=11 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711183558/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/salma-phillips-northern-tv-presenter-to-host-the-salma-show-id4581140.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{DEFAULTSORT:Phillips, Salma}} [[Category:Marubutan Najeriya]] swy0souhli6m0hmj0oy19fpdk5ye3dk 0 15076 548038 518237 2024-11-29T00:24:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Linda_Osifo_on_NdaniTV_TGIF_March_2019.png |thumb| Linda]] [[File:Linda_Osifo_on_NdaniTV_TGIF_show_March_2019.png|200px|right|thumbnail|Linda Osifo]] '''Linda Osifo''' (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga watan Yunin shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da daya 1991) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/09/bn-style-focus-linda-osifos-9-stylish-moments-wearing-nigerian-designs-gntjackpot-show/|title=BN Style Focus: Linda Osifo's 9 Most Stylish Moments wearing Nigerian Designs on #GntJackpot Show - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://stargist.com/cover/linda-osifo-biography-wikipedia-profile/|title=7 Things You Probably Didn’t Know About Actress, Linda Osifo|date=2017-10-30|work=Nigerian Celebrity News + Latest Entertainment News|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522084814/https://stargist.com/cover/linda-osifo-biography-wikipedia-profile/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/linda-osifo-talks-career-sexual-harassment-in-nollywood-id7693136.html|title=Linda Osifo talks career, sexual harassment in Nollywood|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623033326/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/linda-osifo-talks-career-sexual-harassment-in-nollywood-id7693136.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/being-a-lady-in-entertainment-is-hard-linda-osifo/|title=Being a lady in entertainment is hard –Linda Osifo|work=Punch Newspapers|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce ta fara tsere wa Miss Nigeria Entertainment Canada 2011 da kuma ta biyu a cikin gwanayen Miss AfriCanada 2011. A shekara ta 2015, Linda ta zama wata baiwa ta [[Nollywood]] da za a iya lissafawa lokacin da aka zaba ta lambar yabo ta ELOY<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ebonylifetv.com/2015/10/07/yemi-alade-seyi-shay-cynthia-kamalu-linda-osifo-nominated-for-eloy-awards/|title=Yemi Alade, Seyi Shay, Cynthia Kamalu, Linda Osifo nominated for ELOY Awards {{!}} EbonyLife TV|website=ebonylifetv.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620101235/http://ebonylifetv.com/2015/10/07/yemi-alade-seyi-shay-cynthia-kamalu-linda-osifo-nominated-for-eloy-awards/|archive-date=2018-06-20|url-status=dead}}</ref> saboda rawar da ta taka a jerin fina-finan da aka buga: Matsanancin Matan Gida na [[Afirka]] ta Ebonylife TV– An yi amfani da ikon mallakar ABC Studio 'peratean Matan Uwargida'. Ita ce ta kafa TheLAOFoundation. == Farkon rayuwa == [[Fayil:Linda Adesuwa.jpg|thumb|Linda Osifo]] An haifi Linda a garin [[Benin City|Benin, jihar Edo, Najeriya]]. Ta girma tare da mahaifiyarta kuma sun koma Kanada tana da shekaru 16 amma ta kwashe yawancin shekarunta a [[Toronto|Toronto, Ontario]], [[Kanada]] kafin ta koma [[Lagos (birni)|Legas, Najeriya]] don ci gaba da aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo. Ita ce’ ta fari kuma ɗiya ta tsakiya ga dangin ta. Bayan kammala karatunta a St Thomas Aquinas High School, ta samu digirinta na farko na karatun digiri a fannin ilimin halin dan Adam daga Jami'ar York da ke [[Toronto]] [[Kanada|Canada]] a 2013. == Ayyuka == Ta fara taka rawar gani a shekarar 2012 lokacin da ta fara fitowa a cikin Sirrin Iyali, a [[New Jersey]], [[Amurka]] wanda [[Ikechukwu Onyeka]] ya jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/533-series-family-secrets-is-next-explosion.html|title=TIPTOPSTARS - ONLINE MAGAZINE Array Series: Family Secrets is next explosion|last=Kanjo|first=Ernest|website=www.tiptopstars.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-04-26}}</ref>Bayan dawowanta Najeriya a karshen shekarar 2013, ta yi fice a fim din Nollywood na farko, 'King Akubueze', wanda Nonso Emekewe ya shirya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://blog.irokotv.com/clem-ohameze-michael-godson-nuella/|title=Clem Ohameze, Michael Godson & Nuella Njubuigbo Star In KING AKUBUEZE - Powered By iROKOtv PLUS - irokotv blog|date=2014-04-04|work=irokotv blog|access-date=2018-04-26|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>An saka ta cikin fitaccen fim din sabulu na [[Najeriya]] mai suna 'Nina Fire'. A cikin shekarar 2017, Linda ta taka rawar Adesuwa Dakolo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na EbonyLife, 'Fifty' <ref>{{Citation|title=Fifty (TV Series 2017– )|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7325262/fullcredits|accessdate=2018-04-26}}</ref> da kuma Africa Magic 's na talabijin' Jemeji ', tana taka rawar a Noweyhon. Osifo ne a halin yanzu co-gizon da "Ka ba 'n' Take National jackpot" gameshow tare da [[Segun Arinze]]. A lokacin taken na 12 ta gabatar tare da Sina Peller lambar 'Kyakkyawar ocwararriyar (wararriya (Namiji) ' wanda dan wasa Praiz ya lashe da ' Bestwararren ocwararren ocwararru (Mace) ' wanda [[Omawumi|Omawumi ta ci]]. A watan Yunin 2018, ta shiga cikin kamfen din 'Make it Red ' kasancewar tana daga cikin 'yan fim din da ke talla tare da wani tsohon dan gidan Big Brother Nigeria da Tobi Bakre da kuma babban tauraron mawaki [[2Baba|2baba]] .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cknnigeria.com/2017/06/give-n-take-national-lottery-jackpot.html|title=GIVE N TAKE NATIONAL LOTTERY JACKPOT WITH SEGUN ARINZE STARTS JUNE 25TH|access-date=2018-04-26}}</ref> [[Fayil:Linda Osifo.jpg|thumb|Linda Osifo]] A yayin da take na 12 <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/headies-2018-see-stars-wearing-awards-ceremony/|title=The Headies 2018: See What All The Stars Wore To The 12th Awards Ceremony {{!}} BN Style|date=2018-05-05|work=BN Style|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en-US}}</ref>Kyautar da ta gabatar tare da Sina Peller lambar 'Kyakkyawar ocwararriyar (wararriya (Namiji) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/entertainment/headies-award-2018-live-updates-watch-here-also-read-updates|title=Headies Award 2018 [See The Full List Of Winners]|date=2018-05-05|work=Naijaloaded {{!}} Nigeria's Most Visited Music & Entertainment Website|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en-US}}</ref> 'wanda ɗan wasa Praiz ya lashe da kuma 'Bestwararren Vwararren ocwararren (wararru (Mata) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.naijaloaded.com.ng/entertainment/headies-award-2018-live-updates-watch-here-also-read-updates|title=Headies Award 2018 [See The Full List Of Winners]|date=2018-05-05|work=Naijaloaded {{!}} Nigeria's Most Visited Music & Entertainment Website|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en-US}}</ref> 'wanda [[Omawumi|Omawumi ya ci]] . A watan Yunin 2018, ta shiga cikin kamfen ɗin 'Make it Red <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/06/2baba-harrysong-tobi-teddya-linda-osifo-others-headlines-launch-campari-make-red/|title=2Baba, Harrysong, Tobi, Teddya, Linda Osifo & Others Headlines The Launch of Campari ‘Make it Red’ - Vanguard News|date=2018-06-21|work=Vanguard News|access-date=2018-06-23|language=en-US}}</ref>' kasancewar tana cikin thean wasan da ke talla tare da wani babban abokin gida na Big Brother Nigeria Tobi Bakre da kuma babban tauraron mawaki [[2Baba|2baba]]. == Sauran kamfanoni == === Kyautatawa === Mai tsananin so game da rashin son kai, burin zuciyar Linda ya share fage ga Gidauniyar ta LAO, gajerun kalmomi na andauna da Kadaitaka; wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta dauki nauyin kawar da talauci da jahilci a Najeriya da Afirka gaba daya. Andaura da enessauna (LAO Foundation), ta ba da gudummawar komfutoci bakwai ga sevenan gidan marayu na Little Saints, Shasha, Akowonjo, Lagos.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/linda-osifo-donates-computers-to-orphanage/|title=Linda Osifo donates computers to orphanage|access-date=August 2, 2020|date=August 2, 2020|work=The Nation Online}}</ref> == Fina finai == * Rashin gaskiya (2020) * Yahuza Kiss (2016) * Cajole (2016) * Tinsel (2015) * Rumor yana da shi (2016) * Ba tare da rikitarwa ba (2016) * Mazaje Ne (2016) * Jiya (2016) * Akwatin Duhu (2017) * Matan Afirka masu raunin gaske (2015) * Fitilar gado (2015) * Gaskiya Boyayye (2016) * Hit & Run (2018) * Jemeji (2017) * Hamsin - Jerin (2017) === Tallace-tallace na TV === * TelAfric 'Maganaina' (2012) * Nuna 'N' Take 'Nunin Wasannin Wasannin Kasa' (2017-2018) == Lambobin yabo da Sunaye == {| class="wikitable sortable" !'''Kyauta''' ! '''Nau'i''' ! '''Shekara''' ! Sakamakon |- | Kyautar Nishadi ta Diasporaasashen waje | Fitacciyar Jaruma | 2016 | Wanda aka zaba |- | Kyautar Nishaɗin Afirka Kanada | Mafi Gwanin | 2015 | Yayi nasara |- | Kyawawan Mata na Gwarzon Shekarar | Fitacciyar Jaruma a cikin jerin | 2015 | Wanda aka zaba |- | Kyautar Starzz | Aan wasan kwaikwayo na Fasaha na Shekara | 2018 | Ya ci |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Diddigin bayanai na waje == * Linda Osifo on IMDb [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Edo]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] slnlz01ramsduej54g40cjpfl200xvm 0 15210 547628 426623 2024-11-28T18:19:45Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Francisca Ordega.jpg|thumb|hoton yar kwallo francicca]] '''Francisca "Franny" Ordega''' (An haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Oktobar shekara ta alif 1993) ita ƙwararriyar 'yar wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ce ta ƙasar]] [[Nijeriya]] tana bugawa kungiyar kwallon kafa na ''Shanghai'' ''Shenhua'', kuma tana buga gasar ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ta]] Mata a kasar [[China]]. Tana wakiltar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa (Super Falcons) a duka Kofin Duniya na Mata da na Mata na Afirka . An kuma zabe ta itace fitacciyar 'yar kwallon kafa na Afirka <ref name="awc">{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2014/10/03/5150576/oparanozie-ordega-eye-2014-african-women-championship-trophy|title=Oparanozie, Ordega eye 2014 African Women Championship trophy|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/people/nigeria/55062/francisca-ordega/national|title=Francisca Ordega|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/francisca-ordega/150694/|title=Ordega on Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|work=Soccerway|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="spiritprofile">{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/persons/francisca-ordega/|title=Profile|publisher=[[Washington Spirit]]|access-date=2 July 2015}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na wasanni == === Kulab === ==== Bayelsa Queens ==== Ordega ta fara aikin ta ne a matakin matasa na kungiyar Bayelsa Queens, kafin daga baya ta samu daukaka zuwa bangaren kwararru a shekarar 2008 inda ta taka leda a gasar mata ta Najeriya .<ref name="spiritprofile2">{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/persons/francisca-ordega/|title=Profile|publisher=[[Washington Spirit]]|access-date=2 July 2015}}</ref> ==== Rivers Angels ==== A shekarar 2011, ta koma kungiyar Rivers Angels, daya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyi a Gasar Mata ta kasar Najeriyar .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/ordega-parts-ways-with-rossiyanka/|title=Ordega parts ways with Rossiyanka|website=thenationonlineeng.net|author=Owerri Tunde Liadi|date=13 November 2012|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref> ==== WFC Rossiyanka ==== A shekarar 2012, Ordega ta bar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] don sanya hannu tare da zakarun Rasha Rossiyanka na Gasar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Rasha .A cikin watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2012, an sanar da cewa Ordega da Rossiyanka sun raba hanya. ==== Piteå IF ==== A cikin shekarar 2013, Ordega ta sanya hannu don Piteå IF a cikin [[Sweden|Yaren mutanen Sweden]] Damallsvenskan .Ta zira kwallayenta na farko ne a ranar 26 ga watan Mayu na shekarar 2013 a kokarin zane a kan Vittsjö GIK .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.futaa.com/article/59713/ordega-opens-goal-account-in-sweden|title=Ordega opens goal account in Sweden|website=futaa.com|author=Israel Samuel|date=27 March 2013|access-date=23 January 2018|archive-date=25 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015145/http://www.futaa.com/article/59713/ordega-opens-goal-account-in-sweden|url-status=dead}}</ref>Tsakanin shekarar 2013 da shekara ta 2015, ta yi wasanni 34 kuma ta ci kwallaye 4 a lokacin da take kasar Sweden.<ref name="SignsWash">{{cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/03/27/ordega-delighted-to-join-washington-spirit/|title=Ordega delighted to join Washington Spirit|website=independent.ng|author=Ifreke Inyang|date=26 March 2015|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref> ==== Matsayin ta a Washington ==== Daga nan Ordega ta tsallaka arewacin Tekun Atlantika kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Washington Spirit a cikin Kungiyar Kwallan Mata ta Kasa .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/09/03/3352083/falconets-francisca-ordega-signs-for-swedish-club-jitex-bk|title=Falconets' Francisca Ordega signs for Swedish club Jitex BK – report|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> A farkon kaka tare da Ruhu, Ordega ta ci kwallaye uku kuma ta taimaka aka zura kwallaye biyu. Ta dawo cikin shekara ta 2016 don zira kwallaye biyu a lokacin wasanni na yau da kullun. Burin da aka fi mantawa da shi na Ruhun Najeriyar ya zo ne a gasar zakarun na NWSL lokacin da ta zira kwallaye a karin lokaci don tura Ruhun zuwa Gasar farko ta NWSL. A watan Yulin shekarar 2017, Ordgea ya ji rauni a gwiwa wanda zai iyakance mintocin ta na sauran lokacin .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blackandredunited.com/washington-spirit-womens-soccer/2017/7/13/15969404/washington-spirit-francisca-ordega-nwsl-cali-farquharson|title=Washington Spirit lose Francisca Ordega to knee injury|publisher=Black and Red United|author=Jason Anderson|date=13 July 2017|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref>Duk da raunin, har ilayau zata samu damar buga wasanni 14 sannan ta zira kwallaye 4. ===== Lon ga Sydney FC ===== A watan Disamba na shekarar 2016, Sydney FC ta rattaba hannu kan Ordega a matsayin aro daga Washington don ragowar lokacin shekarar 2016 da shekara ta 2017 W-League <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blackandredunited.com/2016/12/22/14052978/francisca-ordega-washington-spirit-sydney-fc|title=Washington Spirit striker Francisca Ordega joins Sydney FC on loan|publisher=Black and Red United|author=Jason Anderson|date=22 December 2016|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref>.Lamarin ya sanya ta zama 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta fara wasa a kungiyar W-League ta Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.com/australian-a-league/story/3025354/sydney-fc-bring-nigerian-star-francisca-ordega-to-w-league|title=Sydney FC bring Nigerian star Francisca Ordega to W-League|work=[[ESPN FC]]|date=22 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nwslsoccer.com/washington-spirit-loans-forward-francisca-ordega-to-sydney-fc|title=Washington Spirit loans forward Francisca Ordega to Sydney FC|publisher=[[National Women's Soccer League|NWSL]]|date=22 December 2016|access-date=5 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305201104/http://nwslsoccer.com/washington-spirit-loans-forward-francisca-ordega-to-sydney-fc|archive-date=5 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ordega zata buga wasanni shida sannan yaci kwallaye sau daya yana taimakawa Sydney samun matsayi na 3 a gasar . ===== Lon zuwa Atlético Madrid ===== A ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2017, Ordega ta koma kulob din Spain na Atlético Madrid a matsayin aro na wata shida daga Washing ton.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sport.es/es/noticias/futbol-femenino/francisca-ordega-ficha-por-atletico-madrid-femenino-6367462|title=Francisca Ordega ficha por el Atlético de Madrid femenino|trans-title=Francisca Ordega signed for Atlético Madrid women|language=es|newspaper=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]|date=20 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/francisca-ordega-joins-atletico-madrid-on-loan-from/axwjce85zaxj15jf105ntv6wy|title=Francisca Ordega joins Atletico Madrid on loan from Washington Spirit|website=goal.com|author=Samuel Ahmadu|date=20 October 2017|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref>Ta fara wasan farko ne a ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta 2017 a kan Barcelona .<ref>{{cite news|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/pro/francisca-ordega-makes-debut-with-spanish-league-debut-with-atletico-madrid/|title=Francisca Ordega makes debut with Spanish league side Atletico Madrid|publisher=Washington Spirit|date=1 November 2017|access-date=23 January 2018}}</ref> ===== Komawa Shanghai WFC ===== Ordega ta kulla yarjejeniyar shekara daya zuwa Shanghai WFC<ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Super Falcons star Francisca Ordega joins Chinese side Shanghai WFC|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/super-falcons-star-francisca-ordega-joins-chinese-side-shanghai-wfc-from-washington/t9ggs00|website=Pulse|access-date=2 March 2019}}</ref> === Levante UD === A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2021, Ordega ta sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da [[Levante UD Femenino|Levante UD]] wanda zata ci gaba har zuwa shekara ta 2023, a yunƙurin haɓaka burinsu na neman cancantar [[2021–22 UEFA Champions League na Mata|ƙwallon ƙafa ta Zakarun Turai]] a karon farko a tarihin su.<ref>{{Cite web|title=El Levante UD Femenino firma a la delantera Francisca Ordega hasta 2023|url=https://www.levanteud.com/es/info/el-levante-ud-femenino-firma-a-la-delantera-francisca-ordega-hasta-2023|access-date=2021-05-01|website=LevanteUD|language=es}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na duniya == Ordega ta wakilci kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa a duk matakai. Tare da 'yan kasa na shekaru 17, ta buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA FIFA U-17 na shekarar 2010 tare da' yan kasa na shekaru 20 a shekarar 2012 FIFA U-20 Kofin Duniya na Mata . A matakin koli ta taka leda a gasar FIFA ta Kofin Duniya na mata na shekarar 2011 da shekara ta 2015 <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=301727/|title=FIFA player stats|publisher=[[FIFA]]|access-date=2 July 2015|archive-date=3 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703085331/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=301727/|url-status=dead}}</ref>A karshen ta bude asusun ta na gasar cin kofin duniya ta hanyar jefa kwallayen Najeriya a ragar Sweden a ranar 8 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 2015 a [[Winnipeg|Winnipeg, Manitoba]], Kanada. Wasan bugun ƙarewa ya ƙare 3-3 a wasan buɗewa na rukunin D.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|title=The O's upset Sweden in pulsating 3 all thriller|work=Women's Soccer United|access-date=2 July 2015|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422153911/https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya a Gasar Mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2010 da kuma shekara ta 2014, inda ta lashe gasar duka. A cikin shekara ta 2018, ta kuma kasance memba na 'yan wasan Najeriya da suka lashe gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2018 a Ghana, Gasar da ta ci kwallaye biyu da ci biyu kuma ta lashe kyautar mata a wasan karshe da Afirka ta hudu. <ref>Adeboye Amosu (1 December 2018) "Ordega Named Woman Of The Match In Nigeria Win Vs South Africa" , " Complete Sports Nigeria "</ref> === Kwallayan ta === ''Sakamakon farko da sakamako ya lissafa yawan kwallayen Najeriya'' {| class="wikitable" !A'a ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Kishiya ! Ci ! Sakamakon ! Gasa |- |<div class="center"> 1</div> | 1 Nuwamba 2010 | Filin wasa na Sinaba, Daveyton, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] | Mali |<div class="center"> '''5''' –0</div> |<div class="center"> 5-0</div> | Gasar Mata ta Afirka a 2010 |- |<div class="center"> 2</div> | 17 Oktoba 2014 | Filin wasa na Sam Nujoma, [[Windhoek]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]] | Namibia |<div class="center"> '''2''' –0</div> |<div class="center"> 2–0</div> | Gasar Mata ta Afirka a 2014 |- |<div class="center"> 3</div> | 8 Yuni 2015 | Filin wasa na [[Winnipeg]], [[Winnipeg]], [[Kanada]] | Sweden |<div class="center"> '''3''' –3</div> |<div class="center"> 3–3</div> | Kofin Duniya na Mata na 2015 FIFA |- |<div class="center"> 4</div> | 20 Nuwamba 2016 | Stade Municipal de Limbe, Limbe, [[Kamaru]] | Mali |<div class="center"> '''1''' –0</div> |<div class="center"> 6-0</div> | Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2016 |- |<div class="center"> 5</div> | 21 Nuwamba 2018 | rowspan="2" | Filin Wasannin Cape Coast, Cape Coast, [[Ghana]] | Zambiya |<div class="center"> '''2''' –0</div> |<div class="center"> 4-0</div> | rowspan="2" | Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata na 2018 |- |<div class="center"> 6</div> | 24 Nuwamba 2018 | Equatorial Guinea |<div class="center"> '''1''' –0</div> |<div class="center"> 6-0</div> |} == Daraja da lamban girma == ; Kogin Mala'iku * Kofin Matan Najeriya (1): 2012 ; Atlético Madrid * Primera División (1): 2017-18 === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Francisca Ordega * Francisca Ordega * Francisca Ordega (2013) * Francisca Ordega (2014) * [http://washingtonspirit.com/persons/francisca-ordega/ Bayani] a Ruhun Washington * Francisca Ordega {{DEFAULTSORT:Ordega, Francisca}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Mata yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Yan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] g2of0w4ngutb5549mz051k3znjsxzx8 0 15253 547634 474281 2024-11-28T18:23:16Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Osinachi Ohale (cropped).jpg|thumb]] '''Osinachi Marvis Ohale''' (An haifeta a ranar ashirin da daya 21 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1991)<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]]|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ta kasance yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta kasarvNijeriya, wacce take buga baya, kuma tana buga ma gasar Seria A ta mata, a ƙasar italiya ga kulob din ''A.S Roma'', kuma tana cikin tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|title=Profile|publisher=FIFA.com|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091234/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale|title=Player profile|publisher=[[Houston Dash]]|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na kulub == Ohale tana taka leda a Houston Dash a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa a duk tsawon shekarar 2014 kafin ta dawo gida Najeriya tare da Rivers Angels .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|title=Osinachi Ohale's route to United States, Houston Dash is an answer to prayers|publisher=Houston Dash Website|work=Houston Dash|access-date=9 October 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043253/http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=12018|title=Exclusive: Agent Tips Osinachi Ohale To Be An Instant Hit At Houston Dash|publisher=All Nigeria soccer Website|work=AllNigeriaSoccer.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, ta shiga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Sweden Damallsvenskan ta Vittsjö GIK, inda ta buga wa kungiyar wasa har sau 22 kafin ta koma Vaxjo DFF watanni goma sha takwas daga baya a cikin watan Agusta na shekara ta 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-star-moves-to-vaxjo-dff-in-sweden/knb4vm9|title=Super Falcons star moves to Växjö DFF in Sweden|publisher=Pulse.ng|work=Pulse.ng|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Satumbar a shekara ta( 2019) ta sanya hannu kan CD Tacón ta Sipaniya a kan canjin dindindin, ta buga wasanta na farko a kulob din a wasan da ta doke Sporting de Huelva da ci 3-0 kwanaki uku kacal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-defender-joins-cd-tacon-from/scmji8xqzgsx1bazn32h63tj2|title=Osinachi Ohale: Super Falcons defender joins CD Tacon from Vaxjo DFF|publisher=Goal.com|work=Goal.com|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> [[Fayil:SORTIE DE BALLE DE COULOIR.jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale]] A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin a shekara ts (2020) ta rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar AS Roma ta mata, dan Najeriyar ya rabu da kungiyar CD Tacon ta kasar Sipaniya, wacce a yanzu ake wa lakabi da Real Madrid a watan da ya gabata (Yunin shekarar 2020) bayan karewar kwantiragin ta da kamfanin Primera Iberdrola . Ta shiga kungiyar mata ta Serie A din ne a kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Dangane da matsayinta na tarihi, Ohale ta fada wa gidan yanar gizon kungiyar: <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/osinachi-ohale-joins-roma-women</ref> “Na zabi Roma ne saboda abubuwa da yawa; abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa game da kulob din, game da wannan birni da kuma wannan ƙasa da suka ba ni sha'awa. " "Na ji kamar zai zama babban abu a gare ni, bincika da kuma fuskantar sabbin abubuwa da sabon ƙalubale." <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/ohale-impressed-by-spirit-as-she-joins-up-with-new-teammates</ref> == Kariyanta na duniya == Ta wakilci Nijeriya a wasannin Gasar Mata na Afirka na shekara ta 2010, da 2014, da 2016 dakuma 2018. Ta lashe gasar a duka lokuta hudun. [[Fayil:Madrid CFF vs FC Barcelona DSC 0421 (51211281526).jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale cikin yan wasa]] Ta kuma kasance a cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya na FIFA na Kofin Duniya na Mata a shekara ta 2011, da 2015 dakuma 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/people/nigeria/55060/osinachi-ohale/national|title=Osinashi Ohale on Goal.com Website|publisher=Goal.com Website|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Delta Queens FC * Gasar Matan Nigeria (2): 2011, 2012 === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === * IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazartai == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Osinachi Ohale * [http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale Bayani] a Houston Dash * Osinachi Ohale [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] 2ib9cc3eu61a3lempnhlwuz1trfp3dc 547635 547634 2024-11-28T18:24:04Z Adamu ab 23827 547635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Osinachi Ohale (cropped).jpg|thumb]] '''Osinachi Marvis Ohale''' (An haifeta a ranar ashirin da daya 21 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1991)<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]]|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ta kasance yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta kasarvNijeriya, wacce take buga baya, kuma tana buga ma gasar Seria A ta mata, a ƙasar italiya ga kulob din ''A.S Roma'', kuma tana cikin tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|title=Profile|publisher=FIFA.com|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091234/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale|title=Player profile|publisher=[[Houston Dash]]|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na kulub == Ohale tana taka leda a Houston Dash a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa a duk tsawon shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu 2014 kafin ta dawo gida Najeriya tare da Rivers Angels .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|title=Osinachi Ohale's route to United States, Houston Dash is an answer to prayers|publisher=Houston Dash Website|work=Houston Dash|access-date=9 October 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043253/http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=12018|title=Exclusive: Agent Tips Osinachi Ohale To Be An Instant Hit At Houston Dash|publisher=All Nigeria soccer Website|work=AllNigeriaSoccer.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, ta shiga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Sweden Damallsvenskan ta Vittsjö GIK, inda ta buga wa kungiyar wasa har sau 22 kafin ta koma Vaxjo DFF watanni goma sha takwas daga baya a cikin watan Agusta na shekara ta 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-star-moves-to-vaxjo-dff-in-sweden/knb4vm9|title=Super Falcons star moves to Växjö DFF in Sweden|publisher=Pulse.ng|work=Pulse.ng|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Satumbar a shekara ta( 2019) ta sanya hannu kan CD Tacón ta Sipaniya a kan canjin dindindin, ta buga wasanta na farko a kulob din a wasan da ta doke Sporting de Huelva da ci 3-0 kwanaki uku kacal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-defender-joins-cd-tacon-from/scmji8xqzgsx1bazn32h63tj2|title=Osinachi Ohale: Super Falcons defender joins CD Tacon from Vaxjo DFF|publisher=Goal.com|work=Goal.com|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> [[Fayil:SORTIE DE BALLE DE COULOIR.jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale]] A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin a shekara ts (2020) ta rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar AS Roma ta mata, dan Najeriyar ya rabu da kungiyar CD Tacon ta kasar Sipaniya, wacce a yanzu ake wa lakabi da Real Madrid a watan da ya gabata (Yunin shekarar 2020) bayan karewar kwantiragin ta da kamfanin Primera Iberdrola . Ta shiga kungiyar mata ta Serie A din ne a kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Dangane da matsayinta na tarihi, Ohale ta fada wa gidan yanar gizon kungiyar: <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/osinachi-ohale-joins-roma-women</ref> “Na zabi Roma ne saboda abubuwa da yawa; abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa game da kulob din, game da wannan birni da kuma wannan ƙasa da suka ba ni sha'awa. " "Na ji kamar zai zama babban abu a gare ni, bincika da kuma fuskantar sabbin abubuwa da sabon ƙalubale." <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/ohale-impressed-by-spirit-as-she-joins-up-with-new-teammates</ref> == Kariyanta na duniya == Ta wakilci Nijeriya a wasannin Gasar Mata na Afirka na shekara ta 2010, da 2014, da 2016 dakuma 2018. Ta lashe gasar a duka lokuta hudun. [[Fayil:Madrid CFF vs FC Barcelona DSC 0421 (51211281526).jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale cikin yan wasa]] Ta kuma kasance a cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya na FIFA na Kofin Duniya na Mata a shekara ta 2011, da 2015 dakuma 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/people/nigeria/55060/osinachi-ohale/national|title=Osinashi Ohale on Goal.com Website|publisher=Goal.com Website|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Delta Queens FC * Gasar Matan Nigeria (2): 2011, 2012 === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === * IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazartai == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Osinachi Ohale * [http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale Bayani] a Houston Dash * Osinachi Ohale [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] gpweeaoba3wl5tgq0iu1ecektlo7rom 547637 547635 2024-11-28T18:24:52Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Osinachi Ohale (cropped).jpg|thumb]] '''Osinachi Marvis Ohale''' (An haifeta a ranar ashirin da daya 21 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1991)<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]]|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ta kasance yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta kasarvNijeriya, wacce take buga baya, kuma tana buga ma gasar Seria A ta mata, a ƙasar italiya ga kulob din ''A.S Roma'', kuma tana cikin tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|title=Profile|publisher=FIFA.com|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091234/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale|title=Player profile|publisher=[[Houston Dash]]|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na kulub == Ohale tana taka leda a Houston Dash a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa a duk tsawon shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu 2014 kafin ta dawo gida Najeriya tare da Rivers Angels .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|title=Osinachi Ohale's route to United States, Houston Dash is an answer to prayers|publisher=Houston Dash Website|work=Houston Dash|access-date=9 October 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043253/http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=12018|title=Exclusive: Agent Tips Osinachi Ohale To Be An Instant Hit At Houston Dash|publisher=All Nigeria soccer Website|work=AllNigeriaSoccer.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> A shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha shida 2016, ta shiga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Sweden Damallsvenskan ta Vittsjö GIK, inda ta buga wa kungiyar wasa har sau 22 kafin ta koma Vaxjo DFF watanni goma sha takwas daga baya a cikin watan Agusta na shekara ta 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-star-moves-to-vaxjo-dff-in-sweden/knb4vm9|title=Super Falcons star moves to Växjö DFF in Sweden|publisher=Pulse.ng|work=Pulse.ng|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Satumbar a shekara ta( 2019) ta sanya hannu kan CD Tacón ta Sipaniya a kan canjin dindindin, ta buga wasanta na farko a kulob din a wasan da ta doke Sporting de Huelva da ci 3-0 kwanaki uku kacal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-defender-joins-cd-tacon-from/scmji8xqzgsx1bazn32h63tj2|title=Osinachi Ohale: Super Falcons defender joins CD Tacon from Vaxjo DFF|publisher=Goal.com|work=Goal.com|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> [[Fayil:SORTIE DE BALLE DE COULOIR.jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale]] A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin a shekara ts (2020) ta rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar AS Roma ta mata, dan Najeriyar ya rabu da kungiyar CD Tacon ta kasar Sipaniya, wacce a yanzu ake wa lakabi da Real Madrid a watan da ya gabata (Yunin shekarar 2020) bayan karewar kwantiragin ta da kamfanin Primera Iberdrola . Ta shiga kungiyar mata ta Serie A din ne a kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Dangane da matsayinta na tarihi, Ohale ta fada wa gidan yanar gizon kungiyar: <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/osinachi-ohale-joins-roma-women</ref> “Na zabi Roma ne saboda abubuwa da yawa; abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa game da kulob din, game da wannan birni da kuma wannan ƙasa da suka ba ni sha'awa. " "Na ji kamar zai zama babban abu a gare ni, bincika da kuma fuskantar sabbin abubuwa da sabon ƙalubale." <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/ohale-impressed-by-spirit-as-she-joins-up-with-new-teammates</ref> == Kariyanta na duniya == Ta wakilci Nijeriya a wasannin Gasar Mata na Afirka na shekara ta 2010, da 2014, da 2016 dakuma 2018. Ta lashe gasar a duka lokuta hudun. [[Fayil:Madrid CFF vs FC Barcelona DSC 0421 (51211281526).jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale cikin yan wasa]] Ta kuma kasance a cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya na FIFA na Kofin Duniya na Mata a shekara ta 2011, da 2015 dakuma 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/people/nigeria/55060/osinachi-ohale/national|title=Osinashi Ohale on Goal.com Website|publisher=Goal.com Website|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Delta Queens FC * Gasar Matan Nigeria (2): 2011, 2012 === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === * IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazartai == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Osinachi Ohale * [http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale Bayani] a Houston Dash * Osinachi Ohale [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] axl31py17zsfc2kg535zr0hj6vwgfnh 547639 547637 2024-11-28T18:25:25Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Osinachi Ohale (cropped).jpg|thumb]] '''Osinachi Marvis Ohale''' (An haifeta a ranar ashirin da daya 21 ga watan Disamba a shekara ta alif 1991)<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup|work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]]|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ta kasance yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta kasarvNijeriya, wacce take buga baya, kuma tana buga ma gasar Seria A ta mata, a ƙasar italiya ga kulob din ''A.S Roma'', kuma tana cikin tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|title=Profile|publisher=FIFA.com|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091234/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=324238/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale|title=Player profile|publisher=[[Houston Dash]]|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> == Kariyan ta na kulub == Ohale tana taka leda a Houston Dash a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa a duk tsawon shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu 2014 kafin ta dawo gida Najeriya tare da Rivers Angels .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|title=Osinachi Ohale's route to United States, Houston Dash is an answer to prayers|publisher=Houston Dash Website|work=Houston Dash|access-date=9 October 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043253/http://www.houstondynamo.com/news/2014/04/osinachi-ohales-route-united-states-houston-dash-answer-prayers|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=12018|title=Exclusive: Agent Tips Osinachi Ohale To Be An Instant Hit At Houston Dash|publisher=All Nigeria soccer Website|work=AllNigeriaSoccer.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> A shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha shida 2016, ta shiga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Sweden Damallsvenskan ta Vittsjö GIK, inda ta buga wa kungiyar wasa har sau 22 kafin ta koma Vaxjo DFF watanni goma sha takwas daga baya a cikin watan Agusta na shekara ta 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-star-moves-to-vaxjo-dff-in-sweden/knb4vm9|title=Super Falcons star moves to Växjö DFF in Sweden|publisher=Pulse.ng|work=Pulse.ng|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> A ranar sha daya11 ga watan Satumbar a shekara ta( 2019) ta sanya hannu kan CD Tacón ta Sipaniya a kan canjin dindindin, ta buga wasanta na farko a kulob din a wasan da ta doke Sporting de Huelva da ci 3-0 kwanaki uku kacal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/osinachi-ohale-super-falcons-defender-joins-cd-tacon-from/scmji8xqzgsx1bazn32h63tj2|title=Osinachi Ohale: Super Falcons defender joins CD Tacon from Vaxjo DFF|publisher=Goal.com|work=Goal.com|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> [[Fayil:SORTIE DE BALLE DE COULOIR.jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale]] A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin a shekara ts (2020) ta rattaba hannu a kan kungiyar AS Roma ta mata, dan Najeriyar ya rabu da kungiyar CD Tacon ta kasar Sipaniya, wacce a yanzu ake wa lakabi da Real Madrid a watan da ya gabata (Yunin shekarar 2020) bayan karewar kwantiragin ta da kamfanin Primera Iberdrola . Ta shiga kungiyar mata ta Serie A din ne a kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Dangane da matsayinta na tarihi, Ohale ta fada wa gidan yanar gizon kungiyar: <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/osinachi-ohale-joins-roma-women</ref> “Na zabi Roma ne saboda abubuwa da yawa; abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa game da kulob din, game da wannan birni da kuma wannan ƙasa da suka ba ni sha'awa. " "Na ji kamar zai zama babban abu a gare ni, bincika da kuma fuskantar sabbin abubuwa da sabon ƙalubale." <ref>https://www.asroma.com/en/news/2020/7/ohale-impressed-by-spirit-as-she-joins-up-with-new-teammates</ref> == Kariyanta na duniya == Ta wakilci Nijeriya a wasannin Gasar Mata na Afirka na shekara ta 2010, da 2014, da 2016 dakuma 2018. Ta lashe gasar a duka lokuta hudun. [[Fayil:Madrid CFF vs FC Barcelona DSC 0421 (51211281526).jpg|thumb|Osinachi Ohale cikin yan wasa]] Ta kuma kasance a cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya na FIFA na Kofin Duniya na Mata a shekara ta 2011, da 2015 dakuma 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/people/nigeria/55060/osinachi-ohale/national|title=Osinashi Ohale on Goal.com Website|publisher=Goal.com Website|work=Goal.com|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Delta Queens FC * Gasar Matan Nigeria (2): 2011, 2012 === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Kofin Kasashen Afirka na Mata (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === * IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazartai == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Osinachi Ohale * [http://www.houstondynamo.com/houstondash/players/osinachi-ohale Bayani] a Houston Dash * Osinachi Ohale [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] 2r5i5jb1tdnrbm3gu751109mk21mt1s 0 15255 547631 502654 2024-11-28T18:21:20Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Phase de match CAN féminine 2022.jpg|thumb|Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene]] '''Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene''' (An haife ta a ranar sha hudu 14 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta alif 1993) Miladiyya.ita 'yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|wasan]] [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya da]] ke buga wa ƙungiyar Eskilstuna United DFF kwallo da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata na Nijeriya. == Ayyukan duniya == Ngozi ta buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA FIFA U-17 na shekarar 2008 da kuma shekara ta 2010 FIFA U-17 Kofin Duniya na Mata da kuma FIFA FIFA U-20 Kofin Duniya na Mata tare da Falconets (sunan barkwanci na kananan kungiyoyin kwallon kafa mata na Najeriya ). A matakin koli (wanda ake wa lakabi da Super Falcons) tana daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka halarci gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka a shekarar 2010 zuwa 2012 da kuma 2014, inda ta ci biyu daga cikinsu da ( 2010 da kuma 2014 ).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chiquadiva.blogspot.com/2014/10/eight-things-we-learned-from-african.html|title=FEMME FATALE..!!!!!!!!|author=Janine Anthony}}</ref>Ta kuma taka leda a Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta shekarar 2015 .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=302083/index.html|title=FIFA Women's World Cup Canada 2015™ – Players – Ngozi-OKOBI|publisher=FIFA.com|date=8 June 2015|access-date=13 June 2015|archive-date=17 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151217210529/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=302083/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|title=The O's upset Sweden in pulsating 3 all thriller|publisher=womenssoccerunited.com|access-date=30 June 2015|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422153911/https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ngozi Okobi ta taka leda a kungiyar ta Najeriya duk da cewa ‘yan kasa da shekaru 17 tun daga shekarar 2008 kuma ta samu kiranta na farko a karo na farko bayan kammala gasar U-17 a shekarar 2010. 'Yar wasan gaba ta yi rajistar kwallonta ta farko a duniya a kan Zambia inda ta taimakawa Najeriya ta tsallake zuwa gida da ci 6 - 0 a Gasar Matan Afirka ta shekarar 2014 . == Klub din == A ranar 23 ga atan Yuni a shekara ta 2015, Washington Spirit ta ba da sanarwar yarjejeniya (bisa manufa) ga maharin daga kulob din garinsu, Delta Queens na Gasar Matan Najeriyar kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba wanda hakan ya sa ta zama 'yar Najeriya ta uku da ta koma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Mata ta kasa .a shekara ta (2015) bayan mai kai hari [[Francisca Ordega]] kuma na biyu a gasar cin kofin duniya a bayan mai tsaron baya, [[Josephine Chukwunonye]] .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/pro/spirit-sign-nigerian-forward-ngozi-okobi/|title=Spirit sign Nigerian forward Ngozi Okobi|publisher=[[Washington Spirit]]|access-date=30 June 2015}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun a shekara ta 2016, Ruhun Washington ya yabi Okobi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/pro/spirit-waives-forward-ngozi-sonia-okobi/|title=Spirit Waives Forward Ngozi Sonia Okobi}}</ref> == Salon wasa == [[Fayil:Dégagement de ballon.jpg|thumb|Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene]] An san ta da ƙarfin hali kuma ta fi son taka rawar lamba "10" da ake muradi; a bayan dan wasan duk da cewa zata iya taka leda a wurare da dama ciki harda Attacking Midfielder, Winger da kuma Right Wing-back. == Lamban girma == === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === ** IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene – FIFA competition record * Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene at Soccerway [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane]] c8nk6ouzqmvd1e4pfqscdfgbfdnbs45 547633 547631 2024-11-28T18:22:08Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Phase de match CAN féminine 2022.jpg|thumb|Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene]] '''Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene''' (An haife ta a ranar sha hudu 14 ga watan Disamban a shekara ta alif 1993) Miladiyya.ita 'yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|wasan]] [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya da]] ke buga wa ƙungiyar Eskilstuna United DFF kwallo da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata na Nijeriya. == Ayyukan duniya == Ngozi ta buga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA FIFA U-17 na shekarar 2008 da kuma shekara ta 2010 FIFA U-17 Kofin Duniya na Mata da kuma FIFA FIFA U-20 Kofin Duniya na Mata tare da Falconets (sunan barkwanci na kananan kungiyoyin kwallon kafa mata na Najeriya ). A matakin koli (wanda ake wa lakabi da Super Falcons) tana daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka halarci gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka a shekarar 2010 zuwa 2012 da kuma 2014, inda ta ci biyu daga cikinsu da ( 2010 da kuma 2014 ).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chiquadiva.blogspot.com/2014/10/eight-things-we-learned-from-african.html|title=FEMME FATALE..!!!!!!!!|author=Janine Anthony}}</ref>Ta kuma taka leda a Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA ta shekarar 2015 .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=302083/index.html|title=FIFA Women's World Cup Canada 2015™ – Players – Ngozi-OKOBI|publisher=FIFA.com|date=8 June 2015|access-date=13 June 2015|archive-date=17 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151217210529/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=302083/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|title=The O's upset Sweden in pulsating 3 all thriller|publisher=womenssoccerunited.com|access-date=30 June 2015|archive-date=22 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422153911/https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/o-upset-sweden/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ngozi Okobi ta taka leda a kungiyar ta Najeriya duk da cewa ‘yan kasa da shekaru 17 tun daga shekarar 2008 kuma ta samu kiranta na farko a karo na farko bayan kammala gasar U-17 a shekarar 2010. 'Yar wasan gaba ta yi rajistar kwallonta ta farko a duniya a kan Zambia inda ta taimakawa Najeriya ta tsallake zuwa gida da ci 6 - 0 a Gasar Matan Afirka ta shekarar 2014 . == Klub din == A ranar ashirin da uku 23 ga atan Yuni a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha biyar 2015, Washington Spirit ta ba da sanarwar yarjejeniya (bisa manufa) ga maharin daga kulob din garinsu, Delta Queens na Gasar Matan Najeriyar kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba wanda hakan ya sa ta zama 'yar Najeriya ta uku da ta koma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Mata ta kasa .a shekara ta (2015) bayan mai kai hari [[Francisca Ordega]] kuma na biyu a gasar cin kofin duniya a bayan mai tsaron baya, [[Josephine Chukwunonye]] .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/pro/spirit-sign-nigerian-forward-ngozi-okobi/|title=Spirit sign Nigerian forward Ngozi Okobi|publisher=[[Washington Spirit]]|access-date=30 June 2015}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun a shekara ta 2016, Ruhun Washington ya yabi Okobi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://washingtonspirit.com/pro/spirit-waives-forward-ngozi-sonia-okobi/|title=Spirit Waives Forward Ngozi Sonia Okobi}}</ref> == Salon wasa == [[Fayil:Dégagement de ballon.jpg|thumb|Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene]] An san ta da ƙarfin hali kuma ta fi son taka rawar lamba "10" da ake muradi; a bayan dan wasan duk da cewa zata iya taka leda a wurare da dama ciki harda Attacking Midfielder, Winger da kuma Right Wing-back. == Lamban girma == === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 === Kowane mutum === ** IFFHS CAF Matan Tawaga na <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene – FIFA competition record * Ngozi Okobi-Okeoghene at Soccerway [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane]] 7jjgu8bkiz41om8k1xxdkq766sddd8t 0 15258 547641 179123 2024-11-28T18:26:18Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Onome Ebi''' (An haife tane ranar takos 8 ga watan Mayu a shekra ta alif 1983) yar wasan kwallon kafa ce da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta [[Nijeriya]], da take taka leda yanzu haka a ''Henan Jianye'' a gasar Super League ta mata da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Nijeriya wato Super Falcons. A shekara ta (2019), ta zama yar wasan kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta farko da ta fara wasa a Gasar (FIFA 5), na Kofin Duniya. == Kariyan ta == Ta taka leda a Bayelsa Queens FC, a gasar mata ta Najeriya kafin ta koma Piteå IF da Djurgårdens IF a [[Sweden]]'s Damallsvenskan . Ebi ta ce "Na ji dadin zama na a Turkiyya saboda yanayi mai kyau. Zuwa Sweden wasa ne na ball daban, kasancewar yanayin sanyi ya sanya ni wahala in yi wasan ƙwallo mai kyau. Yanayin son mai kyau na layin Sweden ya sanya na fara komawa Turkiya don Ataşehir Belediyespor FC a Firimiya na Farko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |access-date=2020-11-24 |archive-date=2016-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111064301/https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ta buga wa kungiyoyin [[Turkiyya]] Düvenciler Liseispor da Ataşehir Belediyespor a gasar Firimiya ta Farko.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nwani|first1=Emeka|title=Super Falcons' Onome Ebi wins Turkish league title|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/06/14/3174534/super-falcons-onome-ebi-wins-turkish-league-title|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=14 June 2012}}</ref>Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a watan Agusta na shekara ta( 2012), yayin da take buga wa Ataşehir Belediyespor wasa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onome Ebi|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250031287/profile/index.html|publisher=UEFA|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Ta koma Sweden Damallsvenskan a shekara ta (2013), don taka leda a Sunnanå SK kafin ta tafi [[Belarus]] don taka leda a FC Minsk a gasar Premier ta Belarus .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup|title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> Yayin da take can, ta kasance mamba a ƙungiyar da ta lashe Firimiya ta Belarusiya, Kofin Matan Belarus da Kofin Super Mata na Belarus sau biyu. A duka wasannin kungiyoyi da na duniya, Ebi tana matsayin lamba ta biyar a kungiyar saboda mahimmancin da yake mata. Lokacin da ta isa Minsk, an riga an karɓi lambar mai zane, don haka ta nemi lambar( 55 ),a maimakon haka. A yanzu haka tana taka leda a Henan Huishang ta rukuni na biyu na kasar Sin, inda ta sanya hannu a shekara ta (2018). == Ayyukan duniya == Ebi yar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ne. A 6 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta (2019), ta zama na farko da kwallon Afrika zuwa play a biyar <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nigerias-onome-ebi-makes-african-history-with-fifth-womens-world-/1ufj402t0guw91uzvkl7kvrkft|title=Nigeria's Onome Ebi makes African history with fifth Women's World Cup appearance {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref>Fifa World Cup gasa, da shan kashi a cikin 2003, 2007, 2011 da kuma 2015, 2019 ta bugu na FIFA mata gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma 2008 Beijing Olympic .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=190157/|title=FIFA player stats|publisher=FIFA|access-date=29 June 2015}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Saaid|first1=Hamdan|title=Games of the XXIX. Olympiad|url=http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol2008f-women-det.html|publisher=RSSSF|access-date=10 November 2016|date=18 September 2008}}</ref> Ebi ta kuma kasance memba na 'yan wasan Najeriya a gasar 2008, <ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship – Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html|access-date=10 November 2016|work=AllAfrica|date=11 November 2008}}</ref> 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=Falcons go headlong for women's title on SuperSport|url=http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|publisher=Bloemfontein Celtic|access-date=10 November 2016|date=28 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510120106/http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|archive-date=10 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2012, 2014, 2016 da 2018 na Gasar Matan Afrika, <ref>{{cite news|title=Falcons' Onome Ebi joins other pros in camp|url=http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|access-date=10 November 2016|work=News 24|date=16 October 2012|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111063620/http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ahmadu|first1=Samuel|title=Minsk Release Esther Sunday & Onome Ebi for AWC|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2014/09/29/5142661/minsk-release-esther-sunday-onome-ebi-for-awc|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=29 September 2014}}</ref>she gasar sau hudu (2010, 2014 , 2016 da 2018).<ref>{{cite news|title=African International Competitions|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9049468.stm|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria reclaim African women's title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29739296|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamaban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Ataşehir Belediyespor * kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Farko (2): (2011zuwa 2012, 2012 zuwa 2013) ; FC Minsk * Premier Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Matan Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Super Belarus na Mata (2): (2014 zuwa2015) === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): (2010 , 2014, 2016 , 2018) '''Lambobin Mutum''' * NFF-Aiteo 'Yar wasan kwallon kafa ta bana: (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/onome-ebi-wins-2018-nff-womens-player-of-the-year-award/16izczr91zruh126hu8nb7kf7j|title=Onome Ebi wins 2018 NFF Women's Player of the Year award {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref> * IFFHS CAF Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Onome Ebi – FIFA competition record * Onome Ebi – UEFA competition record * Onome Ebi at SvFF (in Swedish) * Onome Ebi at Soccerway 20bd3qo47wi51lnca2a7x9wle13npic 547643 547641 2024-11-28T18:27:19Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Onome Ebi''' (An haife tane ranar takos 8 ga watan Mayu a shekra ta alif 1983) yar wasan kwallon kafa ce da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta [[Nijeriya]], da take taka leda yanzu haka a ''Henan Jianye'' a gasar Super League ta mata da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Nijeriya wato Super Falcons. A shekara ta (2019), ta zama yar wasan kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta farko da ta fara wasa a Gasar (FIFA 5), na Kofin Duniya. == Kariyan ta == Ta taka leda a Bayelsa Queens FC, a gasar mata ta Najeriya kafin ta koma Piteå IF da Djurgårdens IF a [[Sweden]]'s Damallsvenskan . Ebi ta ce "Na ji dadin zama na a Turkiyya saboda yanayi mai kyau. Zuwa Sweden wasa ne na ball daban, kasancewar yanayin sanyi ya sanya ni wahala in yi wasan ƙwallo mai kyau. Yanayin son mai kyau na layin Sweden ya sanya na fara komawa Turkiya don Ataşehir Belediyespor FC a Firimiya na Farko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |access-date=2020-11-24 |archive-date=2016-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111064301/https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ta buga wa kungiyoyin [[Turkiyya]] Düvenciler Liseispor da Ataşehir Belediyespor a gasar Firimiya ta Farko.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nwani|first1=Emeka|title=Super Falcons' Onome Ebi wins Turkish league title|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/06/14/3174534/super-falcons-onome-ebi-wins-turkish-league-title|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=14 June 2012}}</ref>Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a watan Agusta na shekara ta( 2012), yayin da take buga wa Ataşehir Belediyespor wasa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onome Ebi|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250031287/profile/index.html|publisher=UEFA|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Ta koma Sweden Damallsvenskan a shekara ta (2013), don taka leda a Sunnanå SK kafin ta tafi [[Belarus]] don taka leda a FC Minsk a gasar Premier ta Belarus .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup|title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> Yayin da take can, ta kasance mamba a ƙungiyar da ta lashe Firimiya ta Belarusiya, Kofin Matan Belarus da Kofin Super Mata na Belarus sau biyu. A duka wasannin kungiyoyi da na duniya, Ebi tana matsayin lamba ta biyar a kungiyar saboda mahimmancin da yake mata. Lokacin da ta isa Minsk, an riga an karɓi lambar mai zane, don haka ta nemi lambar( 55 ),a maimakon haka. A yanzu haka tana taka leda a Henan Huishang ta rukuni na biyu na kasar Sin, inda ta sanya hannu a shekara ta (2018). == Ayyukan duniya == Ebi yar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ne. A ranar shida 6 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha Tara (2019), ta zama na farko da kwallon Afrika zuwa play a biyar <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nigerias-onome-ebi-makes-african-history-with-fifth-womens-world-/1ufj402t0guw91uzvkl7kvrkft|title=Nigeria's Onome Ebi makes African history with fifth Women's World Cup appearance {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref>Fifa World Cup gasa, da shan kashi a cikin 2003, 2007, 2011 da kuma 2015, 2019 ta bugu na FIFA mata gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma 2008 Beijing Olympic .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=190157/|title=FIFA player stats|publisher=FIFA|access-date=29 June 2015}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Saaid|first1=Hamdan|title=Games of the XXIX. Olympiad|url=http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol2008f-women-det.html|publisher=RSSSF|access-date=10 November 2016|date=18 September 2008}}</ref> Ebi ta kuma kasance memba na 'yan wasan Najeriya a gasar 2008, <ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship – Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html|access-date=10 November 2016|work=AllAfrica|date=11 November 2008}}</ref> 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=Falcons go headlong for women's title on SuperSport|url=http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|publisher=Bloemfontein Celtic|access-date=10 November 2016|date=28 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510120106/http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|archive-date=10 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2012, 2014, 2016 da 2018 na Gasar Matan Afrika, <ref>{{cite news|title=Falcons' Onome Ebi joins other pros in camp|url=http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|access-date=10 November 2016|work=News 24|date=16 October 2012|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111063620/http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ahmadu|first1=Samuel|title=Minsk Release Esther Sunday & Onome Ebi for AWC|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2014/09/29/5142661/minsk-release-esther-sunday-onome-ebi-for-awc|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=29 September 2014}}</ref>she gasar sau hudu (2010, 2014 , 2016 da 2018).<ref>{{cite news|title=African International Competitions|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9049468.stm|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria reclaim African women's title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29739296|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamaban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Ataşehir Belediyespor * kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Farko (2): (2011zuwa 2012, 2012 zuwa 2013) ; FC Minsk * Premier Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Matan Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Super Belarus na Mata (2): (2014 zuwa2015) === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): (2010 , 2014, 2016 , 2018) '''Lambobin Mutum''' * NFF-Aiteo 'Yar wasan kwallon kafa ta bana: (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/onome-ebi-wins-2018-nff-womens-player-of-the-year-award/16izczr91zruh126hu8nb7kf7j|title=Onome Ebi wins 2018 NFF Women's Player of the Year award {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref> * IFFHS CAF Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Onome Ebi – FIFA competition record * Onome Ebi – UEFA competition record * Onome Ebi at SvFF (in Swedish) * Onome Ebi at Soccerway b15o0i7f3elbm6qizxr3p4smilhjh4a 547680 547643 2024-11-28T19:18:52Z Adamu ab 23827 547680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Onome Ebi''' (An haife tane ranar takos 8 ga watan Mayu a shekra ta alif 1983) yar wasan kwallon kafa ce da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta [[Nijeriya]], da take taka leda yanzu haka a ''Henan Jianye'' a gasar Super League ta mata da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Nijeriya wato Super Falcons. A shekara ta (2019), ta zama yar wasan kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta farko da ta fara wasa a Gasar (FIFA 5), na Kofin Duniya. == Kariyan ta == Ta taka leda a Bayelsa Queens FC, a gasar mata ta Najeriya kafin ta koma Piteå IF da Djurgårdens IF a [[Sweden]]'s Damallsvenskan . Ebi ta ce "Na ji dadin zama na a Turkiyya saboda yanayi mai kyau. Zuwa Sweden wasa ne na ball daban, kasancewar yanayin sanyi ya sanya ni wahala in yi wasan ƙwallo mai kyau. Yanayin son mai kyau na layin Sweden ya sanya na fara komawa Turkiya don Ataşehir Belediyespor FC a Firimiya na Farko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |access-date=2020-11-24 |archive-date=2016-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111064301/https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ta buga wa kungiyoyin [[Turkiyya]] Düvenciler Liseispor da Ataşehir Belediyespor a gasar Firimiya ta Farko.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nwani|first1=Emeka|title=Super Falcons' Onome Ebi wins Turkish league title|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/06/14/3174534/super-falcons-onome-ebi-wins-turkish-league-title|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=14 June 2012}}</ref>Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a watan Agusta na shekara ta( 2012), yayin da take buga wa Ataşehir Belediyespor wasa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onome Ebi|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250031287/profile/index.html|publisher=UEFA|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Ta koma Sweden Damallsvenskan a shekara ta (2013), don taka leda a Sunnanå SK kafin ta tafi [[Belarus]] don taka leda a FC Minsk a gasar Premier ta Belarus .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup|title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> Yayin da take can, ta kasance mamba a ƙungiyar da ta lashe Firimiya ta Belarusiya, Kofin Matan Belarus da Kofin Super Mata na Belarus sau biyu. A duka wasannin kungiyoyi da na duniya, Ebi tana matsayin lamba ta biyar a kungiyar saboda mahimmancin da yake mata. Lokacin da ta isa Minsk, an riga an karɓi lambar mai zane, don haka ta nemi lambar( 55 ),a maimakon haka. A yanzu haka tana taka leda a Henan Huishang ta rukuni na biyu na kasar Sin, inda ta sanya hannu a shekara ta (2018). == Ayyukan duniya == Ebi yar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ne. a ranar shida 6 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha Tara (2019), ta zama na farko da kwallon Afrika zuwa play a biyar <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nigerias-onome-ebi-makes-african-history-with-fifth-womens-world-/1ufj402t0guw91uzvkl7kvrkft|title=Nigeria's Onome Ebi makes African history with fifth Women's World Cup appearance {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref>Fifa World Cup gasa, da shan kashi a cikin 2003, 2007, 2011 da kuma 2015, 2019 ta bugu na FIFA mata gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma 2008 Beijing Olympic .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=190157/|title=FIFA player stats|publisher=FIFA|access-date=29 June 2015}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Saaid|first1=Hamdan|title=Games of the XXIX. Olympiad|url=http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol2008f-women-det.html|publisher=RSSSF|access-date=10 November 2016|date=18 September 2008}}</ref> Ebi ta kuma kasance memba na 'yan wasan Najeriya a gasar 2008, <ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship – Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html|access-date=10 November 2016|work=AllAfrica|date=11 November 2008}}</ref> 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=Falcons go headlong for women's title on SuperSport|url=http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|publisher=Bloemfontein Celtic|access-date=10 November 2016|date=28 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510120106/http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|archive-date=10 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2012, 2014, 2016 da 2018 na Gasar Matan Afrika, <ref>{{cite news|title=Falcons' Onome Ebi joins other pros in camp|url=http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|access-date=10 November 2016|work=News 24|date=16 October 2012|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111063620/http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ahmadu|first1=Samuel|title=Minsk Release Esther Sunday & Onome Ebi for AWC|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2014/09/29/5142661/minsk-release-esther-sunday-onome-ebi-for-awc|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=29 September 2014}}</ref>she gasar sau hudu (2010, 2014 , 2016 da 2018).<ref>{{cite news|title=African International Competitions|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9049468.stm|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria reclaim African women's title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29739296|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamaban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Ataşehir Belediyespor * kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Farko (2): (2011zuwa 2012, 2012 zuwa 2013) ; FC Minsk * Premier Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Matan Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Super Belarus na Mata (2): (2014 zuwa2015) === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): (2010 , 2014, 2016 , 2018) '''Lambobin Mutum''' * NFF-Aiteo 'Yar wasan kwallon kafa ta bana: (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/onome-ebi-wins-2018-nff-womens-player-of-the-year-award/16izczr91zruh126hu8nb7kf7j|title=Onome Ebi wins 2018 NFF Women's Player of the Year award {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref> * IFFHS CAF Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Onome Ebi – FIFA competition record * Onome Ebi – UEFA competition record * Onome Ebi at SvFF (in Swedish) * Onome Ebi at Soccerway 8fd1vchspc00dt9tuncgg8v5kgkiknf 547682 547680 2024-11-28T19:19:59Z Adamu ab 23827 547682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Onome Ebi''' (An haife tane ranar takos 8 ga watan Mayu a shekra ta alif 1983) yar wasan kwallon kafa ce da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta [[Nijeriya]], da take taka leda yanzu haka a ''Henan Jianye'' a gasar Super League ta mata da kuma kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Nijeriya wato Super Falcons. A shekara ta (2019), ta zama yar wasan kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta farko da ta fara wasa a Gasar (FIFA 5), na Kofin Duniya. == Kariyan ta == Ta taka leda a Bayelsa Queens FC, a gasar mata ta Najeriya kafin ta koma Piteå IF da Djurgårdens IF a [[Sweden]]'s Damallsvenskan . Ebi ta ce "Na ji dadin zama na a Turkiyya saboda yanayi mai kyau. Zuwa Sweden wasa ne na ball daban, kasancewar yanayin sanyi ya sanya ni wahala in yi wasan ƙwallo mai kyau. Yanayin son mai kyau na layin Sweden ya sanya na fara komawa Turkiya don Ataşehir Belediyespor FC a Firimiya na Farko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |access-date=2020-11-24 |archive-date=2016-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111064301/https://newtelegraphonline.com/onome-ebi-no-regrets-dropping-school-play-soccer/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ta buga wa kungiyoyin [[Turkiyya]] Düvenciler Liseispor da Ataşehir Belediyespor a gasar Firimiya ta Farko.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nwani|first1=Emeka|title=Super Falcons' Onome Ebi wins Turkish league title|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/06/14/3174534/super-falcons-onome-ebi-wins-turkish-league-title|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=14 June 2012}}</ref>Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a watan Agusta na shekara ta( 2012), yayin da take buga wa Ataşehir Belediyespor wasa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onome Ebi|url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250031287/profile/index.html|publisher=UEFA|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Ta koma Sweden Damallsvenskan a shekara ta (2013), don taka leda a Sunnanå SK kafin ta tafi [[Belarus]] don taka leda a FC Minsk a gasar Premier ta Belarus .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup|title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref> Yayin da take can, ta kasance mamba a ƙungiyar da ta lashe Firimiya ta Belarusiya, Kofin Matan Belarus da Kofin Super Mata na Belarus sau biyu. A duka wasannin kungiyoyi da na duniya, Ebi tana matsayin lamba ta biyar a kungiyar saboda mahimmancin da yake mata. Lokacin da ta isa Minsk, an riga an karɓi lambar mai zane, don haka ta nemi lambar( 55 ),a maimakon haka. A yanzu haka tana taka leda a Henan Huishang ta rukuni na biyu na kasar Sin, inda ta sanya hannu a shekara ta (2018). == Ayyukan duniya == Ebi yar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya ne. a ranar shida 6 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha Tara (2019), ta zama na farko da kwallon Afrika zuwa play a biyar <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nigerias-onome-ebi-makes-african-history-with-fifth-womens-world-/1ufj402t0guw91uzvkl7kvrkft|title=Nigeria's Onome Ebi makes African history with fifth Women's World Cup appearance {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref>Fifa World Cup gasa, da shan kashi a cikin 2003, 2007, 2011 da kuma 2015, 2019 ta bugu na FIFA mata gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma 2008 Beijing Olympic .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=190157/|title=FIFA player stats|publisher=FIFA|access-date=29 June 2015}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Saaid|first1=Hamdan|title=Games of the XXIX. Olympiad|url=http://www.rsssf.com/tableso/ol2008f-women-det.html|publisher=RSSSF|access-date=10 November 2016|date=18 September 2008}}</ref> Ebi ta kuma kasance memba na 'yan wasan Najeriya a gasar 2008, <ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria/Ghana: 2008 African Women Championship – Super Falcons Begin Campaign Against Ghana Today|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811180993.html|access-date=10 November 2016|work=AllAfrica|date=11 November 2008}}</ref> 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=Falcons go headlong for women's title on SuperSport|url=http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|publisher=Bloemfontein Celtic|access-date=10 November 2016|date=28 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510120106/http://www.bloemfonteincelticfc.co.za/articles.aspx?Id=382040|archive-date=10 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2012, 2014, 2016 da 2018 na Gasar Matan Afrika, <ref>{{cite news|title=Falcons' Onome Ebi joins other pros in camp|url=http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|access-date=10 November 2016|work=News 24|date=16 October 2012|archive-date=11 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111063620/http://m.news24.com.ng/nigeria/Sport/Football/Falcons-Onome-Ebi-joins-other-pros-in-camp-20121016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ahmadu|first1=Samuel|title=Minsk Release Esther Sunday & Onome Ebi for AWC|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2014/09/29/5142661/minsk-release-esther-sunday-onome-ebi-for-awc|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=10 November 2016|date=29 September 2014}}</ref>she gasar sau hudu (2010, 2014 , 2016 da 2018).<ref>{{cite news|title=African International Competitions|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/9049468.stm|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria reclaim African women's title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29739296|access-date=10 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=25 October 2014}}</ref> == Lamaban girmaa == === Kulab === ; Ataşehir Belediyespor * kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Farko (2): (2011 zuwa 2012, 2012 zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha uku (2013) ; FC Minsk * Premier Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Matan Belarus (1):( 2014) * Kofin Super Belarus na Mata (2): (2014 zuwa2015) === Na duniya === ; Najeriya * Gasar Mata ta Afirka (4): (2010 , 2014, 2016 , 2018) '''Lambobin Mutum''' * NFF-Aiteo 'Yar wasan kwallon kafa ta bana: (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/onome-ebi-wins-2018-nff-womens-player-of-the-year-award/16izczr91zruh126hu8nb7kf7j|title=Onome Ebi wins 2018 NFF Women's Player of the Year award {{!}} Goal.com|last=Correspondent|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref> * IFFHS CAF Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iffhs.de/posts/925|title=IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CAF - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020|work=IFFHS|date=28 January 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Onome Ebi – FIFA competition record * Onome Ebi – UEFA competition record * Onome Ebi at SvFF (in Swedish) * Onome Ebi at Soccerway rv99ou8qzsdafgxx8wliily5xiiv59i 0 15314 547698 368022 2024-11-28T19:37:18Z Maryamarh 29382 Gyara kalmomi da ƙa'idojin rubutu 547698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jumoke Akindele,''' lauya ce a Najeriya kuma mace ta farko da ta fara zama kakakin majalisar dokokin jihar Ondo. Hon. Bamidele Oleyelogun ne ya gaje ta.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/jumoke-akindele-calls-the-shots-in-ondo-assembly/|title=Jumoke Akindele calls the shots in Ondo Assembly|author=Kayode Alfred|work=The Nation}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifeta a Okitipupa, wani gari a [[Ondo (jiha)|jihar Ondo]] kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ta yi karatun firamare a St. John's Primary School a Okitipupa kafin ta ci gaba zuwa makarantar sakandaren ƴan mata ta St. Louis, Ondo inda ta sami takardar shaidar makarantar Afirka ta Yamma a 1981. Ta samu digiri na farko a fannin shari’a a jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife kuma ta yi aikin lauya na wasu shekaru kafin ta tsunduma cikin siyasa a shekarar 2006. == Harkar siyasa == A watan Afrilun,2007, ta yi takarar kujerar Mazaɓar, mazabar Okitipupa II amma ta sha kaye a hannun jam’iyyar adawa. Ta sake tsayawa takara ne a ranar 11 ga Afrilun 2011, kuma an zabe ta a matsayin ‘yar majalisar dokokin jihar Ondo, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar kan Ilimi kafin a zabe ta a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar. A ranar 27 ga Mayu, 2015, aka zaɓe ta a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar sakamakon rasuwar tsohon kakakin Samuel Adesina. Ta bar mukamin shugabancin gidan ne a cikin takardar murabus mai kwanan wata 20 Maris, 2018. Jumoke Akindele ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara zama kakakin majalisar a jihar. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] i74cigroiheja5vlnba1hi9dk5peubu 0 15583 547733 178054 2024-11-28T20:16:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fausat Balogun''' ( '''wacce''' aka fi sani da '''Madam Saje''',<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/madam-saje-i-reject-scripts-from-english-speaking-movies-yoruba-actress-reveals-id3764008.html|title='I reject scripts from English speaking movies,' Yoruba actress reveals|work=Pulse Nigeria|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|date=16 May 2015|access-date=10 January 2016|archive-date=29 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229124348/http://pulse.ng/movies/madam-saje-i-reject-scripts-from-english-speaking-movies-yoruba-actress-reveals-id3764008.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> an haife tane a ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun 1959) ' yar fim ce ta [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya da]] ke yin fice a fina-finan [[Yarbawa|Yarbanci.]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.naijagists.com/fausat-balogun-madam-saje-how-i-met-my-husband-rafiu-my-journey-into-nollywood/|title=Fausat Balogun Madam Saje:How I Met My Husband Rafiu & My Journey Into Nollywood|work=Naija Gists|last=Olonilua|first=Ademola|date=16 May 2015|access-date=10 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.ng/why-i-reject-english-rolemadam-saje/|title=Why I Reject English Role... Madam Saje|work=[[Daily Times of Nigeria]]|date=21 May 2015|access-date=10 January 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909222156/http://dailytimes.com.ng/why-i-reject-english-rolemadam-saje/|archive-date=9 September 2015}}</ref>Ta fito a matsayin '''Mama Saje''' a cikin wani shirin talabijin a 1990 mai taken ''Erin Kee Kee'' . Fausat tayi fice a fina-finai sama da 80.<ref name="family">{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.com.ng/interview-with-yoruba-actress-fausat-balogun-a-k-a-madam-saje/|title=Interview With Yoruba Actress Fausat Balogun a.k.a Madam Saje|work=Daily Mail Nigeria|date=26 January 2015|access-date=10 January 2016|archive-date=8 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208020745/http://dailymail.com.ng/interview-with-yoruba-actress-fausat-balogun-a-k-a-madam-saje/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Balogun ya auri jarumi Rafiu Balogun. Ya kasance shugabanta kafin su yi aure. A lokacin da ta shahara yaranta sun manyanta. Babban danta babban darakta ne, kuma karamar yarinyar ’yar fim ce. == Fina finan da'aka zaba == *''Oyelaja'' *''Owo Onibara'' *''Okan Mi'' *''Akebaje'' *''Ladigbolu'' *''Morenike'' *''Oko Mama E'' *''Tanimola'' *''Nkan Okunkun'' *''Adufe'' *''Leyin Akponle'' *''Laba Laba'' *''Itelorun'' *''[[Omo Elemosho]]'' *''Iyawo Ojokan'' *''Ife Kobami'' *''Gbogbo Lomo'' *''Asepamo'' *''Eto Obinrin'' *''Iyawo Elenu Razor'' *''Kokoro Ate'' *''Omoge Elepa'' *''Olaitan Anikura'' *''Oju Elegba'' *''Langbodo'' *''Ologo Nla'' *''Abgara Obinrin'' *''Eepo'' *''Moriyeba'' *''Orisirisi (Kose Gbo)'' *''Serekode'' *''Ojo Ikunle'' *''Alase Aye'' *''Imported Lomo'' *''Adun Ale'' *''Ileri Oluwa'' *''Ogbun Aye'' *''Omo Pupa'' *''Òmìn'' *''O Ti Poju'' *''Olowo Laye Mo'' *''Irenimoyan'' *''Alaimore'' *''Olasunkanmi'' *''Salawa'' {{Div col end}} == Saninta == A yayin bikin bayar da kyaututtukan nishaɗi na City People nishaɗi na 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Musamman saboda "gagarumar gudummawar da ta bayar don ci gaban masana'antar fim a Najeriya".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/07/full-list-of-winners-at-2016-city-people-entertainment-awards/|title=Full List Of Winners at 2016 City People Entertainment Awards|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|author=Adedayo Showemimo|date=26 July 2016|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208102412/http://thenet.ng/2016/07/full-list-of-winners-at-2016-city-people-entertainment-awards/|archive-date=8 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Fausat Balogun on IMDb [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata]] aaq5zdnsvojqf3srh4k1l7292subnwc 0 15598 548048 546869 2024-11-29T01:05:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Mary Njoku.jpg|thumb|Mary Njoku]] '''Mary Nnenna Njoku''' (wacce aka fi sani da Mary Remmy ko Mary Remmy Njoku, an haife tane a ranar ashirin 20 ga watan Maris shekarar alif dari tara da tamanin da biyar miladiyya 1985) 'yar fim ce kuma furodusa a Nijeriya, kuma Darakta Janar ta gidan fim da ke Legas mai suna ROK Studios, a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]], wanda aka yi kwanan nan wanda katafaren TV din Faransa, CANAL + ya samu<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/07/15/canal-acquires-african-film-studio-rok-from-irokotv-to-grow-nollywood/|title=Canal+ acquires Nollywood studio ROK from IROKOtv to grow African film|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-30}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta shirya kuma ta yi fice a cikin <nowiki><i id="mwFA">Abinda Za a Yi</i></nowiki>, ''Mazajen Legas'' ; tauraruwa da kuma jagorantar ''<nowiki/>'Yan'' ''Matan'' da ba ''Festac Town ba'' . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Mary Njoku, wacce ita ce ta shida a cikin iyalai 8, an haife ta ne a Amuwo Odofin, [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]], Nigeria. Ta fito daga Nsukka, [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu]] <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/mary-remmy-njoku-5-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4828217.html|title=Mary Remmy Njoku: 5 things you should know about actress|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-03-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505061107/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/mary-remmy-njoku-5-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4828217.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Amuwo Odofin, Kwalejin Kasa ta Bagada da Navy Town Secondary School. Ta yi difloma a fannin Kimiyyar Kwamfuta. Daga shekarar 2010, Njoku ta halarci jami’ar jihar Legas inda ta yi karatun digiri a fannin harshen Turanci. A shekarar 2012, Njoku ta halarci makarantar koyon fina-finai ta London a Burtaniya inda ta yi kwas a kan Producing: Movie Magic Budgeting & Schedule Daga yarinta, tana da sha'awar yin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta fara wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da take makarantar Sakandire. Njoku ya shiga masana'antar Nollywood ne a shekarar 2003, yana da shekara 17.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-37705445/nigerian-actor-mary-njoku-i-just-want-to-be-bigger|title=Nigerian actor who 'wants to be bigger'|website=BBC News|language=en|access-date=2018-03-03}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Njoku ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo ne a fim din Nollywood na 2004 'Home Sickness', wanda ta fito tare da [[Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha]] . Ta yi fice sosai bayan ta fito a cikin fitaccen fim din Nollywood mai suna 'Blackberry Babes' a shekarar 2011. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/blackberry-babes/|title=Blackberry Babes|publisher=nollywoodforever.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2018-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313145110/http://nollywoodforever.com/blackberry-babes/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2013, Njoku ya samar da iROKtv, wani dandalin YouTube wanda ya gabatar da hirarraki tare da mashahuran 'yan Najeriya, tare da gabatar da labaran Afrobeats da Nollywood. A shekarar 2015, Njoku ya zama Babban Jami’in Harkokin Sadarwa a Kawayen IROKO. A watan Maris, ta gudanar da firaminista na farko a duniya don fim dinta na ''Anyi Dadi'' a BFI IMAX London, farkon fim din Nollywood a IMAX. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiewire.com/2015/02/imax-world-premiere-of-nollywood-film-thy-will-be-done-in-london-this-thursday-155544/|title=IMAX World Premiere of Nollywood Film 'Thy Will Be Done' In London this Thursday|last=Sergio|date=2015-02-23|work=IndieWire|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018082706/https://www.indiewire.com/2015/02/imax-world-premiere-of-nollywood-film-thy-will-be-done-in-london-this-thursday-155544/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2018, Njoku ta shirya fim din Nwanyioma, inda rawarta ta bukaci ta aske gashin kanta gaba daya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/34488/mother-of-two-actress-mary-njoku-goes-bald-for-millions-of.html|title=Mother of Two, Actress Mary Njoku Goes Bald for Millions of Naira (photos)|work=Modern Ghana|access-date=2018-10-26|language=en}}</ref> == ROK Studios == A watan Agusta 2013, Njoku ya kafa ROK Studios. Tun lokacin da aka kaddamar da shi a cikin 2013, ROK ya samar da fina-finai 540 da jerin TV 25 na asali, gami da ''Festac Town'', ''Ladan matan da ba su yi aure ba'', <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/02/rok-studios-series-single-ladies-premieres-time-valentines-day/|title=Rok Studios' series 'Single Ladies' premieres in time for Valentine's Day|date=2017-02-09|work=Vanguard News|access-date=2018-03-03}}</ref>''Yaren Jiki'', ''Rashin Kulawa'' da ''[[Mazajen Lagos|Mijin Legas]]'' <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/husbands-of-lagos-watch-mary-remmy-njoku-and-kenneth-okolie-as-couple-in-2nd-teaser-id4362955.html|title="Husbands of Lagos": Watch Mary Remmy Njoku and Kenneth Okolie as couple in 2nd teaser|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-03-03}}</ref>A cikin 2016, Njoku ya kaddamar da ROK a kan Sky,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.digitaltveurope.com/2016/09/27/rok-studios-to-launch-nollywood-channel-on-sky/|title=Rok Studios to launch Nollywood channel on Sky|date=2016-09-27|work=Digital TV Europe|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018122422/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2016/09/27/rok-studios-to-launch-nollywood-channel-on-sky/|url-status=dead}}</ref> cibiyar sadarwar da ke watsawa a cikin Burtaniya. Don murnar kaddamarwa, wasu abokan aikinta na [[Nollywood|Nollywood sun]] halarci bikin kaddamar da wanda ya gudana a Babban Ofishin Jakadancin Najeriya a Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/nollywood-arrives-london-launch-sky-channel-rok|title=Nollywood arrives in London for launch of Sky channel Rok|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2019-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430171129/https://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/nollywood-arrives-london-launch-sky-channel-rok|url-status=dead}}</ref> Njoku ya kuma ƙaddamar da ROK a kan DSTV, cibiyar sadarwar da ke watsa shirye-shiryenta a duk Afirka, a cikin shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigeriacommunicationsweek.com.ng/rok-studio-to-launch-series-on-dstv-channel-168/|title=ROK Studio to Launch Series on DStv Channel 168|publisher=Nigerian CommunicationWeek|access-date=2018-03-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/mary-njoku-the-rok-woman/|title=Mary Njoku: The Rok Woman|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2018-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225065250/https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/mary-njoku-the-rok-woman/|url-status=dead}}</ref>A watan Afrilu 2018, ROK Studios ya ƙaddamar da sababbin tashoshi biyu, ROK2 da ROK3, don saduwa da buƙatar ROK akan DSTV. ROK2 yana isar da abun ciki wanda ke nuna asalin Nollywood, yayin da ROK3 ke baje kolin baiwa da dama ta kasar Ghana, kuma yana da wata tashar tashar kade kade banda fim din 24hr da kuma jerin zabi. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/life/rok-launches-two-brand-new-channels-on-multichoice/|title=ROK Launches ROK 2 And ROK 3|access-date=2018-10-26|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026222425/https://guardian.ng/life/rok-launches-two-brand-new-channels-on-multichoice/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2019, Njoku ya kula da sayan ROK zuwa CANAL +, babbar yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta zamani don alamar Nollywood. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/07/15/canal-acquires-african-film-studio-rok-from-irokotv-to-grow-nollywood/|title=Canal+ acquires Nollywood studio ROK from IROKOtv to grow African film|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-30}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Walkiya == A watan Agustan 2013, tare da abokan kasuwancin ta Jason Njoku da Bastian Gotter, Njoku sun kaddamar da motar zuba jari ta dala miliyan biyu don fara ayyukan Intanet da ke Legas mai suna Spark.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/05/irokotv-founders-jason-njoku-bastian-gotter-create-spark-a-company-in-support-of-nigerin-technology-internet-entrepreners/|title=iROKOtv Founders Jason Njoku & Bastian Gotter create SPARK – A Company in support of Nigerian Technology & Internet Entrepreners<!--sic-->|publisher=BellaNaija|access-date=2018-03-03}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta == Mary Njoku ta auri haifaffen dan asalin kasar Birtaniya haifaffen kasar Biritaniya, kuma mai saka jari a Afirka, Jason Njoku, a Festac, Legas a ranar 18 ga Agusta 2012, a gaban dangi, abokai da abokan aiki. Sun yi maraba da dansu na fari, Jason Obinna Njoku, a ranar 30 ga watan Yulin 2013, an haifa musu ɗa na biyu Nwakaego Annabelle Njoku a ranar 24 ga Agusta 2015 kuma sun yi maraba da na uku, Amber Nnenna Njoku a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mary-remmy-welcomes-3rd-child-see-first-photo-id7100679.html|title=Mary Remmy welcomes 3rd child; See first photo|last=Egbo|first=Vwovwe|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-date=2018-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228100145/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/mary-remmy-welcomes-3rd-child-see-first-photo-id7100679.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina finai == == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1985]] sbzz3jkppmcyf9wysv3kkwnkqgxvysh 0 15604 547711 455256 2024-11-28T20:00:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ebele Okaro Onyiuke''' (an haife ta aranar 19 ga watan Janairu) <ref name="DoB">{{cite web|url=http://gistmynaija.com/2016/01/19/actress-ebele-okaro-stuns-in-new-birthday-photos/|title=Actress Ebele Okaro Stuns in New Birthday Photos|website=gistmynaija.com|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=13 May 2017|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108205723/http://gistmynaija.com/2016/01/19/actress-ebele-okaro-stuns-in-new-birthday-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ’ yar fim din Najeriya ce kuma furodusa ce ta kasan ce tana hada fina finai kuma tana bada umarni.<ref name="ModernGhana">{{cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/movie/1221/3/ebere-okaro.html|title=Ebere Okaro|website=[[ModernGhana.com]]|date=30 May 2007|accessdate=4 April 2017}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == Okaro haifaffen [[Landan|Landan ne]] kuma ya tashi a jihar [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu ta]] Najeriya. Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne yayin da take zuwa makarantar firamare ta Santa Maria kuma ta ci gaba yayin da take Sarauniyar [[Nsukka]] ta Holy Rosary Secondary School. Bayan ta fara karatun Ilimi a Jami'ar Calabar, Okaro ta sami sha'awar wasan kwaikwayon da ta yi nasara kuma ta samu digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo <ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|title=A pip for beloved Nollywood actress, Ebele Okaro-Onyiuke|first=Shaibu|last=Husseini|date=18 March 2017|accessdate=13 May 2017|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/a-pip-for-beloved-nollywood-actress-ebele-okaro-onyiuke/|archive-date=23 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323073226/http://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/a-pip-for-beloved-nollywood-actress-ebele-okaro-onyiuke/|url-status=dead}}</ref>Mahaifiyarta cikakkiyar mai shirya talabijin ce kuma mahaifinta injiniya ne<ref name="HappeningsMag">{{cite news|url=http://happenings.com.ng/birthday-shout-celebrating-veteran-nollywood-actress-ebele-okaro/|title=Birthday Shout! Celebrating veteran Nollywood actress Ebele Okaro|newspaper=Happenings Magazine|date=19 January 2016|access-date=13 May 2017|first=Yvonne|last=Williams|archive-date=8 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408081427/http://happenings.com.ng/birthday-shout-celebrating-veteran-nollywood-actress-ebele-okaro/|url-status=dead}}</ref> wanda ke da sha'awar zane-zane da adabi sosai . == Kariyan aikia == Bayan kammala karatunta, Okaro ta yi hidimar bautar kasa ta Matasa a Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya, inda ta dauki damar dama don kallon talabijin. Koyaya, tare da raguwa a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya (wanda aka fi sani da Nollywood ), ta fara aiki a ofishin jakadanci a Legas sannan daga baya ta shiga banki kafin ta iya komawa yin wasan kwaikwayo. A cikin 2014, Ebele Okaro Onyiuke ya shirya kuma ya yi aiki a cikin ''Musical Whispers'', fim din da ke ba da shawara don kulawa da ƙauna ga yara masu fama da rashin lafiya.<ref name="Pulse">{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/she-is-back-veteran-actress-ebele-okaro-makes-return-in-musical-whispers-id2851288.html|title=She Is Back: Veteran Actress, Ebele Okaro Makes Return In Musical Whispers|last=Dachen|first=Isaac|date=14 May 2014|accessdate=4 April 2017|website=pulse.ng|archive-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407055228/http://pulse.ng/movies/she-is-back-veteran-actress-ebele-okaro-makes-return-in-musical-whispers-id2851288.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="MusicalWhispers">{{cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/movie/28662/3/nollywood-thespian-ebele-okaro-onyiuke-debuts-new-movie-against-autism.html|title=Nollywood Thespian Ebele Okaro-Onyiuke Debuts New Movie Against 'Autism'|website=[[ModernGhana.com]]|accessdate=6 April 2017|date=16 May 2014|first=Edith|last=Elekwachi}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201406060940.html|title=Nigeria: Okaro-Onyiuke's Autism-Inspired Musical Whispers Premieres With Glam|date=6 June 2014|newspaper=[[The Daily Independent (Lagos newspaper)|The Daily Independent]]|accessdate=4 April 2017}}</ref>Yana dauke da wasu fitattun 'yan fim da' yan wasan Najeriya, musamman [[Chioma Chukwuka]] da Kalu Ikeagwu . An san ta da suna "Mama na Nollywood" kuma ta sami girmamawar duka masoya da abokan aiki. == Rayuwar mutum == Ta yi aure cikin dangin Onyiuke. == Kyauta == A shekarar 2017, rawar da ta taka a ''soyayya 4-1 ta'' lashe Okaro lambar yabo ta masu sihiri na Afirka don Actan wasan tallafi.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/03/05/76-wins-five-awards-amvca-2017-see-full-list-winners/|title='76' wins five awards at AMVCA 2017|date=5 March 2017|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|accessdate=6 April 2017|first=Ifreke|last=Inyang}}</ref> An zabi ta ne saboda rawar da take takawa a fim din 'Smash' a 2020 Africa Magic Viewers 'Choice Awards for Best Actress in a Comedy (Movie / TV Series). == Fina finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Darakta ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula ! class="unsortable" | Bayani |- | | ''Eziza'' | | | | |- | |''Motsa Yatsu'' | | | | |- | |''Red Haske'' | | | | |- | |''Ruwa maras kyau'' | | | | |- | |''Ido na Uku'' | | | | |- | 1996 | ''Masu garkuwa da mutane'' | | Tade Ogidan | | |- | 2006 | ''30 Kwanaki'' | Mama Alero | Mildred Okwo | | |- | 2014 | ''Yin wasa'' | Dr. Ese | Okechukwu Oku | | |- | 2014 | ''Chetanna'' | | Ikechukwu Onyeka | [[Harshen Ibo|Yaren Igbo]] | |- | 2014 | ''Whispers'' | Jasmin | Bond Emerua | Har ila yau, furodusa | |- | 2016 | ''4-1-Soyayya'' | Uju Uwar | Ikechukwu Onyeka | Mafi Kyawun Actan wasa mai Tallafawa a cikin Wasan kwaikwayo &#x2013; 2017 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | |- | 2015 | ''Theananan iesan iko'' | Chioma | | |  |- | 2017 | Karma | Mama Ngozi | Magajin garin Ofoegbu | | |- | 2019 | Rayuwa a ondulla: Yanke Yanci | Eunice Nworie | Ramsey Nouah | | |} == Manazartai == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ebele Okaro on IMDb [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mata]] 49llu4sig9raafeaj7v8spgrv00a417 0 15624 548092 495326 2024-11-29T05:02:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Ig-Steph-Nora Okere.ogg|thumb|Steph nora]] '''Steph-Nora Okere''' 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma marubuciya a Nijeriya wacce aka ba ta lambar yabo ta ''musamman a lambar yabo'' ta City People Entertainment In 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/timeless-nollywood-actress-steph-nora-okere/|title=Timeless Nollywood Actress, Steph-Nora Okere|website=guardian.ng|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191612/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/celebrity/timeless-nollywood-actress-steph-nora-okere/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Okere a shekarat 2015 ta zama Mataimakin Shugaban Kungiyoyin Marubutan na Nijeriya mai suna (SWGN)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/05/my-marriage-would-have-made-me-a-sad-woman-steph-nora-okere/|title=My marriage would have made me a sad woman – Steph Nora Okere|date=2 May 2015|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Okere an haife shi ne a [[Owerri]] wanda shine babban birnin [[Imo|jihar Imo]] wani yanki na kudu maso gabashin Najeriya wanda yawancin yan kabilar Igbo ke zaune a ciki. A lokacin da take karama ta yi kaura zuwa [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas da ke]] kudu maso yammacin Najeriya kuma ta yi karatun firamare a ''St Paul Primary School da'' ke Ebute Metta inda ta samu ''takardar shaidar barin makarantar Farko'' . Okere ta koma jiharta ta asali don yin karatun sakandare. Okere ta samu ''takardar'' ''shedar kammala karatun babbar makarantar sakandaren'' ''Afirka ta Yamma ne'' a ''makarantar sakandaren Akwakuma da'' ke cikin jihar Imo. Okere ta samo mata B.Sc. digiri a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Arts daga Jami'ar Ife .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/08/02/im-married-jesus-steph-nora-okere-opens-failed-relationships/|title=I’m married to Jesus – Steph-Nora Okere opens up on failed relationships|last=Ogbeche|first=Danielle|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encomium.ng/steph-nora-okere-actress-beauty-secrets-of-the-rich-and-famous/|title=Steph Nora Okere, actress (Beauty Secrets of the Rich and Famous) {{!}} Encomium Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref> == Kariya == Okere kafin ta fara fitowa a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya da aka fi sani da Nollywood ta kasance 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma an fara nuna ta a karon farko a Masana'antar Fina-Finan Najeriya a shekarar 1994 tana da shekaru 21.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/boi-supports-okeres-new-film/|title=BoI supports Okere’s new film|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref> == Lamban girma == Okere ya lashe lambar yabo ta ''musamman'' a City People Entertainment Awards a shekarar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.herald.ng/steph-nora-okere-opens-failed-marriage/amp/|title=Steph Nora Okere Opens Up On Her Failed Marriage ⋆|website=www.herald.ng|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta == Okere ta yi magana a bainar jama'a game da yadda take sha'awar abokiyar aikinta Jim Iyke<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2015/05/03/steph-nora-okere-talks-her-relationship-with-jim-iyke-and-her-failed-marriage-to-lanre-falana/|title=Steph Nora Okere Talks Her Relationship With Jim Iyke and Her Failed Marriage to Lanre Falana {{!}} 36NG|last=Oleniju|first=Segun|date=3 May 2015|language=en-US|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/steph-nora-okere-its-impossible-to-live-away-from-jim-iyke-actress-opens-up/wg1jl1r.amp|title=Steph Nora Okere 'It's impossible to live away from Jim Iyke' actress opens up|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191624/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/steph-nora-okere-its-impossible-to-live-away-from-jim-iyke-actress-opens-up/wg1jl1r.amp|url-status=dead}}</ref>Okere duk da cewa kasancewarsa Igbo zata iya magana da [[Yarbanci]] sosai. == Rigima == Paschaline, wacce za a iya bayyana ta a matsayin 'yar fim mai rikitarwa ta jawo hankali sosai daga kafofin watsa labaran Najeriya lokacin da ta bayyana cewa za ta iya yin tsiraici idan rawar da aka gabatar mata ta buƙaci ta aikata hakan sannan kuma; idan biya ya isa haka.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.gistreel.ng/i-c/|title="I Can Go Nude For A Movie"- Actress Paschaline Alex Okoli (Video)|date=2017-09-04|work=GistReel|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ijebuloaded.com/enews-paschaline-alex-okoli-can-go-nude-movie-depending-amount/|title=[E!News] Paschaline Alex Okoli: I Can Go Nude For A Movie Depending On The Amount|last=johnlegend|date=2017-09-04|work=IJEBULOADED|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://naijaxtreme.com/can-go-nude-movie-actress-paschaline-alex-okoli/|title="I can go nude for a movie" — Actress Paschaline Alex Okoli - NAIJAXTREME|date=2017-09-04|work=NAIJAXTREME|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://realchannel65.ng/paschaline-alex-okoli/|title=Actress Paschaline Alex Okoli Talks Acting Nude Scenes|date=2017-09-05|work=Realchannel65|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043509/https://realchannel65.ng/paschaline-alex-okoli/|url-status=dead}}</ref>Kodayake a ma'aunin duniya wannan yawanci ba batun bane amma a cikin al'ummar Najeriya yawanci ana kyamatar abin. Paschaline, koyaushe tana loda hotunan raunuka na kanta a Intanet <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/celebrity-gossips/139-celebrities-birthday/31858-actress-paschaline-alex-okoli-slays-in-daring-birthday-photos|title=Actress Paschaline Alex Okoli Slays In Daring Birthday Photos|work=Nigeriafilms.com|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,268053.0.html|title=Actress Paschaline Okoli Poses in Hots Short Nightgown to Celebrate Her Birthday (PHOTOS) - Gistmania|access-date=2017-12-01}}</ref>kuma yayin da wasu mutane na iya yaba da wannan aikin kuma suka yaba mata saboda wannan, akwai masu sukar kuma waɗanda ke tambayarta game da abin da aka ambata a sama. == Fina finan da aka zaɓa == * ''Lokacin Afirka (2014)'' * ''Babban Tasirin Zuciya (2007)'' * ''Eleda Teju (2007)'' * ''Mala'iku Har Abada (2006)'' * ''Farin Ciki Na Uwa (2006)'' * ''Destaddamarwar Destaddara (2005)'' * ''Daular (2005)'' * ''Mala'ikan Karya (2005)'' * ''Dokar mara kyau (2005)'' * ''Aye Jobele (2005)'' * ''Da'irar Hawaye 2004)'' * ''Sirrin Duhu (2004)'' * ''Yarinyar Indecent (2004)'' * ''Lost Aljanna (2004)'' * ''Mara aure & Ma'aurata (2004)'' * ''Aristos (2003)'' * ''Loveaunar Zub da jini (2003)'' == ManazartaBayani == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Steph-Nora Okere on IMDb [[Category:Haifaffun 1974]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1974]] ht9w6hq6i2tx70m2dyid1yhzhsw61lx 0 15643 548110 443949 2024-11-29T05:58:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ugonna Umerou''' yar Najeriya ce mai zane kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/pulse-list-top-30-sexiest-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-id3464690.html|title=Pulse List: Top 30 sexiest Nigerian women in entertainment|last=Ngomba|first=Joan|access-date=2017-03-27|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329051527/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/pulse-list-top-30-sexiest-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-id3464690.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta mallaki ''gidan Nwaocha'' layin mata. ta kasan ce shahararriya a fannin fim.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d3g9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA82&dq=Rosemary+Uwemedimo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwih7MjPufnSAhVCfRoKHQQOBAkQ6AEIKDAE#v=onepage&q=Rosemary%20Uwemedimo&f=false|title=Twilight and the Tortoise|publisher=CUP Archive|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/11/glitz-africa-fashion-week-2013-house-of-nwocha-presents-the-white-rose/|title=Glitz Africa Fashion Week 2013: House of Nwocha presents the “White Rose”|work=[[BellaNaija]]|access-date=2017-03-28|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Umerou, Ugonna}} [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutane]] qjpbxqd5s7bhbk4bm05c44nb8tn1h0v 0 15756 548060 308088 2024-11-29T02:26:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ngozi Nwosu''' *An haife ta ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, 1963). Tsohuwar ƴar fim ce kuma furodusa a Najeriya. Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a fina-finan Yarbanci, kafin ta fara gabatar da bidiyo a gida a cikin ''Rayuwa a ondulla'', fim ɗin da ake yi da yaren Ibo da za a fara zamanin fim ɗin bidiyo na Cinema na Najeriya.<ref name="van">{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/my-regrets-about-my-marriage-ngozi-nwosu-speaks/ |title=My regrets about my marriage, Ngozi Nwosu speaks}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/03/28/ill-get-married-right-time-53-year-old-actress-ngozi-nwosu/ |title=I’ll get married at the right time – 53-year-old actress, Ngozi Nwosu}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta== [[File:Ngozi Nwosu in Skinny Girl I T.png|thumb|Ngozi Nwosu]] An haifi Nwosu ƴar asalin Arochukwu a [[Abiya|jihar Abia]], kudu maso gabashin Najeriya, an haifi Nwosu a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, 1963. Ta girma ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . An kashe mahaifinta, wani tsohon soja ɗan Biafra a lokacin yaƙin basasar Najeriya . Nwosu ta ƙware a yarukan Igbo, Yarbanci da Ingilishi. Ta yi karatun firamare a makarantar St. Paul Anglican, Idi Oro. Daga nan ta wuce Maryland Comprehensive High School, Ikeja, sannan ta kammala makarantar sakandare a East Rosary High School. Ta samu horo na kwararru a karkashin jagorancin Reverend Fabian Oko an yi ta ne a Royal Theater Art Club School. A shekarar 2012, ta yi rashin lafiya, wanda ya shafi aikinta. Rahoton da aka gano yana da nasaba da cutar koda. Daga karshe ta samu magani a ƙasashen waje ta hanyar gwamnati da wasu kungiyoyi..<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.naija.ng/1118028-hurray-ngozi-nwosu-celebrates-54th-birthday.html#1118028 |title=Hurray! Ngozi Nwosu celebrates 54th birthday }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/celebrity-birthdays-van-vicker-ngozi-nwosu-are-a-year-older-today-id7077809.html |title=Van Vicker, Ngozi Nwosu are a year older today |access-date=2018-07-11 |archive-date=2018-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712030129/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/celebrity-birthdays-van-vicker-ngozi-nwosu-are-a-year-older-today-id7077809.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne yayin da take halartar darasi na wasan kwaikwayo a makaranta, akasarinsu ana yin su ne da [[Yarbanci]] . Ta fito a "Madam V boot" a cikin jerin talabijin, ''Ripples'' . Yayin da aka saita cikin ''Rayuwa a Bulla'', Ngozi Nwosu ana danganta shi a matsayin 'yar fim ta farko da ta fara sumbatar saiti a yayin zaman soyayya da Kenneth Okonkwo . Har ila yau, an san ta da wasa "Aminci" a sitcom, ''Gidan Fuji na Fuji'' (wanda Amaka Igwe ya kirkira). Halinta ita ce matar Cif Fuji ta uku, galibi ana nuna shi a matsayin wanda ya fi so. A shekarar 2018, ta buga "Ene" a fim din motsa jiki na Najeriya "Sade". Halinta mace ce wacce ba ta amfani da abin da take da shi har ta rasa shi. A cewarta, kowa na iya yin amfani da fim din saboda yanayin barkwancin sa. Ita ce furodusan ''mugunta'', ''Bakin ruwa'' da kuma shirin rediyo, ''Onga'' . Da take magana a kan cin zarafin mata a cikin masana'antar, Ngozi Nwosu ta bayyana cewa zai iya zama daidai lokacin da furodusoshi suka yi lalata da wata 'yar fim, amma tana ganin hakan ya fi wulakanta ta lokacin da' yar fim din ta yaudari furodusan. Ta kuma bayyana cewa duk wata ‘yar fim tana da‘ yancin ta ce a’a ga duk wani abu da bai musu dadi ba. Ta kuma fito a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Chidinma Ekile da Fair Prince. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Ƴan fim]] pavs7mdfty1msu7y1de46l60qnza091 0 15860 548057 468847 2024-11-29T01:53:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moremi Ajasoro''' ([[Yarbanci]]: ''Mọ́remí Àjàsorò'') babban adadi ne a tarihin [[Yarbawa|Yarbawan]] [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]. Haihuwar gimbiya, ta kasance sarauniya mai karfin gwiwa wacce shahararta ta taimaka wajen nasarar Yarbawa kan mutanen da ke makwabtaka da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/myths-and-legends-did-you-know-about-the-courageous-queen-moremi-whose-statue-is-the/hr4llg4 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-date=2019-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514064551/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/myths-and-legends-did-you-know-about-the-courageous-queen-moremi-whose-statue-is-the/hr4llg4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Moremi ta auri Oranmiyan dan Oduduwa, Sarkin Yarbawa na Ile-Ife na farko. == Tarihin rayuwa == [[Oba|Ayaba]] Moremi ta rayu a karni na 12, an haife ta daga [[Offa (Nijeriya)|Offa]], kuma ta auri Oranmiyan, magajin sarkin Ife kuma mahaifin asalin Yarbawa, Oduduwa. Ile-Ife masarauta ce da aka ce ta yi yaki da wata kabila da ke kusa da ita wadanda suka san su da mutanen ''Daji''. (Gbògbò a yaren Yarbanci, kodayake kabilar da aka fadi ta masana sunyi imanin ba ta da wata alaka da ta gbògbò ta zamani ta Nijeriya) Yawancin mutanen Ife suna bautar da wadannan mutane, kuma saboda wannan gabadaya jihohin jihohin Yarbawa suna kyamar su. Kodayake mutanen Ile-Ife sun fusata da wadannan hare-hare, amma ba su da hanyar kare kansu. Hakan ya faru ne saboda mutanen Ife suna ganin masu mamaye a matsayin ruhohi, suna bayyana kamar mastarorin da aka rufe da ganyen raffia. Moremi mace ce kyakkyawa kuma kyakkyawa wacce, don magance matsalar da ke fuskantar jama'arta, ta yi alkawarin sadaukarwa ga Ruhun kogin Esimirin don ta iya gano karfin magabtan kasarta. An ce an dauke ta a matsayin bawa daga Ibo kuma, saboda kyanta da taimakon Esimirin, ta auri mai mulkin nasu a matsayin sarauniyar da aka zaba. Bayan da ta san kanta da asirin sojojin sabon mijinta, sai ta tsere zuwa Ile-Ife kuma ta bayyana hakan ga Yarabawa, waɗanda daga baya suka sami nasarar fatattakar su a yaƙi. Bayan yakin ta koma ga mijinta na farko, Sarki Oramiyan na Ife (kuma daga baya Oyo), wanda nan take ya sake sanya ta a matsayin sarauniyarsa. Moremi ta koma Kogin Esimirin don cika alkawarin da ta dauka. Kogin ya bukaci ta sadaukar da danta tilo, Oluorogbo. Bukatar ba ta da tabbas kuma Moremi ya roki allah don ba shi da wata wahala. Amma a karshe, ta cika alkawarinta kuma ta biya farashin. Mika Oluorogbo ga allahn kogin ba Moremi kawai ba amma duk mulkin Ife. Yarbawa sun yiwa Moremi ta'aziya ta hanyar Mika mata 'ya'yanta madawwami wa'adin da aka dauka har zuwa yau. == Alfahari == Ance daga nan aka fara bikin Edi a matsayin hanyar murnar sadaukarwar da gimbiya ta yiwa mutanen kasar Yarbawa. Bugu da Kari kuma, yawancin wuraren taron jama'a an ba su suna a cikin Nijeriya ta zamani, kamar Highmi High School da gidajen zama na mata a Jami'ar Legas da Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo. A shekarar 2017, Oba Ogunwusi, Ooni na Ile Ife, jihar Osun, ya kafa mutum-mutumin Moremi a fadarsa. Mutum-mutumin shi ne mafi tsayi a Nijeriya, wanda ya kori wanda ke da wannan rikodin a baya (mutum-mutumi a Owerri, babban birnin jihar Imo). Hakanan shine na hudu mafi tsayi a Afirka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Yan Najeriya]] 3m33cnwwzrio54j8yapibkxiyvlcbvo 0 15955 548053 498159 2024-11-29T01:34:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{Gyara mukala}} '''Miss Sahhara''' (ana tsara sunan kamar '''Miss saHHara,''' ko a furta kamar ''[[Sahara]]'' ) tana da asali da ƙasashen Birtaniya da [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]] kyakkyawa Sarauniya, ƴar ado, mawaƙiya / mai rubuta waƙoƙin, kuma mai kare haƙƙin ƴan adam. An san ta ne da wakiltar Nijeriya a gasar kyau ta duniya don jawo hankali ga abubuwan da LGBTQI + ke yi a Afirka. A shekarar 2011, ta zama mace ta farko 'yar asalin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] da ta fito fili a kafofin yada labarai na duniya yayin gasar sarauniyar kyau ta Miss International a Pattaya, Thailand. A ranar 19 ga watan Yulin shekarata 2014, ta kasance ta kasance ta farko a matsayin Super Sireyna a Duniya a [[Manila]], Philippines. Yin ta mace ta farko mace mai baƙar fata da ta sami nasara a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya. Bayan lashe Super Sireyna a Duniya, ta kafa wata ƙungiyar kula da labarai game da transgender game duniya da ake kira TransValid Ita ce kuma mai yawan sukar lamirin dokar ɗaurin shekaru 14 na mutanen LGBTQI + a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . [[Fayil:Miss saHHara.jpg|thumb|Miss Sahhara]] [[Fayil:Veso Golden, Marchioness Global 2020-2.jpg|thumb|Miss Sahhara]] Wani mutun wanda aka bayyana shi "mai son kayan kwalliya da kyan gani", yadda take buga bayanai da takaddun shaida tun daga makonni na kayan kwalliya har zuwa hotunan mujallu na duniya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/01/nigerians-are-so-stupid-nigerian-transgender-iris-sahhara-henson-reacts-to-same-sex-bill/|title="Nigerians are so Stupid" – Nigerian Transgender Iris Sahhara Henson reacts to Same Sex Bill|website=BellaNaija|access-date=6 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/nigeria-anti-gay-laws-us-puts-pressure-president-buhari-allow-same-sex-unions-1511028|title=Nigeria anti-gay laws: US puts pressure on President Buhari to allow same-sex unions|date=15 July 2015|website=International Business Times UK|access-date=5 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/gist/anti-gay-law-nigerian-transgender-miss-sahhara-blasts-nigeria-id2620206.html|title=Anti-Gay Law: Nigerian Transgender Miss SaHHara Blasts Nigeria|last=Mix|first=Pulse|website=pulse.ng|access-date=5 May 2016|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107023450/http://pulse.ng/gist/anti-gay-law-nigerian-transgender-miss-sahhara-blasts-nigeria-id2620206.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mjemagazine.com/nigerias-transgender-iris-sahhara-reacts-nigerias-gay-marriage-prohibition/|title=Nigeria's Transgender Iris Sahhara Reacts To Nigeria's Gay Marriage Prohibition - MJ Celebrity Magazine|date=14 January 2014|website=MJ Celebrity Magazine|access-date=8 May 2016|archive-date=24 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724053100/http://www.mjemagazine.com/nigerias-transgender-iris-sahhara-reacts-nigerias-gay-marriage-prohibition/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] rpntymlzklxnzq8e420c5t6ar0r0z1v 0 16083 547741 443115 2024-11-28T20:20:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Foluke Daramola-Salako''' yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . An zabi ta ne don lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Koyon Fina-Finan Afirka don Fitacciyar Jaruma a Matsayin Tallafawa a 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/foluke-daramola-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-actress-id4689371.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2018-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807124753/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/foluke-daramola-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-actress-id4689371.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Daramola a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu. Ta yi karatun digiri ne a Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo . A shekarar 1998, ta fara fitowa a fim dinta a wani shiri mai taken ''Fada'' . Ta kuma yi fice a cikin ''Durodola'' da ''Above Law'' . A cikin 2016, 'yarta an ba da rahoton cewa ita ce mai karɓar gidan talabijin na gaskiya. Fim dinta, ''Cobweb'', wanda ta shirya kuma ta fara haskawa ya samu lambar yabo ta Africa Movie Academy Awards wacce ta fi nuna goyon baya ga takarar 'yar fim. Ta lura cewa fim din ya samu karbuwa ne daga abubuwan da ta faru da ita, kasancewar iyayenta ba sa son ta shiga harkar fim yayin da take makaranta. Ita ce ta kirkiro da shirin "Action Against Fyade in Africa", wani yunkuri ne da ke kokarin dakile fyade da kuma gurfanar da wadanda suka aikata laifin a cikin Afirka. == Rayuwar mutum == A wata hira da aka yi da ita a shekarar 2016, ta bayyana cewa an yi mata fyade tun tana saurayi. A wata hira da tayi da ''Tribune'', ta bayyana cewa mata suna bukatar sanin darajar su da kuma kasancewa masu dogaro da kudi wajen mijinta. Ta nuna cewa tashin hankali na cikin gida ya fi lalata gidanta, fiye da rashin aminci. A shekarar 2017, ta yi magana a bainar jama'a game da ladabin [[Aliko Dangote]], inda ta bayyana shi a matsayin "Mutum mafi tawali'u a duniya". A cikin wata hira ta watan Maris na shekarar 2018 da jaridar ''The Punch'' (Lagos, Nigeria), Daramola-Salako ta bayyana cewa tana daukar manyan karabbanta a matsayin kadara ba tsinuwa ba: “Abinda ya fi jan hankalin yawancin mazan da suka hadu da ni galibi na jima’i ne. Suna ganin manyan karabuna kuma suna motsawa nan da nan. Amma a matsayina na mutum, ba zan taba fita tare da kowane namiji ba saboda suna da sha'awar burana saboda na san cewa abu ne na al'ada. Kamar yadda na damu, ya kamata mata su daina ganin waɗannan 'kadarorin' a matsayin matsala amma su ɗauke su a matsayin alheri. Ta hanyar yin haka ne kawai za su san yadda za su ɗauki kan su da kyau. Ya kamata su dauki kansu da kyau kada su ji kunya. ” == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Foluke Daramola on IMDb [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1978]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 9ayiobr8p5ki9388a5hoopnntteq4dh 0 16089 547831 512852 2024-11-28T21:23:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Ibinabo Fiberesima.png|thumb|Ibinabo Fiberesima]] [[Fayil:Ibinabo Fiberesima.png|thumb|yar wasan kwaikawayo Ibinabo Fiberesima]] '''Ibinabo Fiberesima''' (an haife ta a ranar 13(Sha ukku) ga watan Janairun shekara ta alif dari tara da saba'in 1970, 'yar fim ce ta Najeriya, tsohuwar gasar sarauniyar kyau da kuma manajan taron. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/ibinabo-fiberesima-newly-wed-actress-turns-year-older-id3404469.html|title=Newly wed actress turns year older|work=Pulse Nigeria|last=Wemimo|first=Esho|date=13 January 2015|access-date=10 April 2016|archive-date=20 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420225147/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/ibinabo-fiberesima-newly-wed-actress-turns-year-older-id3404469.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta kasance tsohuwar Shugabar kungiyar ‘yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya .<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/ibinabo-fiberesima-newly-wed-actress-turns-year-older-id3404469.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2016-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420225147/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/ibinabo-fiberesima-newly-wed-actress-turns-year-older-id3404469.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Haihuwar mahaifin ta dan Najeriya ne kuma mahaifiyar ta ‘yar asalin kasar Ireland, Ibinabo ta fara karatun ta ne lokacin da ta shiga dalibar a gidan wasa na YMCA, [[Port Harcourt]] kafin ta ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Mata, New Bussa, [[Neja|Jihar Neja]] . Tana da takardar shedar kammala karatun Digiri na Fasaha a cikin [[Turanci|Harshen Turanci]] da Adabin da ta samu daga Jami’ar Ibadan .<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailymail.com.ng/biographyprofilehistory-nollywood-actress-ibinabo-fiberesima/|title=Biography/Profile/History Of Nollywood Actress Ibinabo Fiberesima|work=Daily Mail Nigeria|date=12 March 2016|access-date=10 April 2016|archive-date=22 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122232712/http://dailymail.com.ng/biographyprofilehistory-nollywood-actress-ibinabo-fiberesima/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Shafin shafi === Ibinabo ya halarci gasar 1991 a gasar sarauniyar kyau ta Miss Nigeria . An lasafta ta a matsayin wacce ta zo ta biyu a nasarar Bibiana Ohio . Kafin wannan, ta ci gasar Miss Wonderland a 1990, kuma a waccan shekarar, ita ce ta zo na biyu a gasar Miss NUGA da aka gudanar a Jami’ar Calabar . <ref>{{cite news|title=Incredible Lives of Ex-Beauty Queens|url=http://thenigerianvoice.com/news/19630/6/incredible-lives-of-ex-beauty-queens.html|access-date=8 June 2016|work=The Nigerian Voice|date=17 April 2010}}</ref> A shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyu 1992, ta shiga takarar Kyakkyawar Yarinya a Najeriya (MBGN) a karon farko, inda ta sanya a matsayin ta biyu a tseren. A cikin shekara ta alif dari tar da saba'in 1997, ta yi gasa kuma ta zama ta biyu a gasar 1997 ta Miss Nigeria kafin ta ci gaba da zama zakarar Miss Wonderful a wannan shekarar. Haka kuma ta kasance ta biyu a cikin Kyawawan Yarinya a Najeriya a 1998.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/04/ibinabo-fiberesima-prepares-for-miss-earth-nigeria-2013/|title=Ibinabo Fiberesima prepares for Miss Earth Nigeria 2013|work=[[Nigeria Entertainment Today]]|date=20 April 2013|access-date=10 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112102316/http://thenet.ng/2013/04/ibinabo-fiberesima-prepares-for-miss-earth-nigeria-2013/|archive-date=12 January 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Yin aiki === Ibinabo ta fara fitowa a matsayin 'yar fim a fim din da ''aka fi So'' kuma tun daga nan ta fara fitowa a fina-finan Najeriya da dama.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2016/03/i-have-been-drained-and-to-some-extent-humiliated-read-ibinabo-fiberesimas-story-on-her-journey-so-far/|title="I have been drained and to some extent humiliated" Read Ibinabo Fiberesima's Story on her Journey so far|work=[[BellaNaija]]|date=19 March 2016|access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref> == Rigima == A shekarar 2009, an tuhumi Ibinabo da laifin kisan kai da kuma tukin ganganci bayan ta kashe wani Giwa Suraj bisa kuskure a 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/01/10-years-after-manslaughter-scandal-ibinabo-fiberesima-faces-fresh-jail-term/|title=10 years after manslaughter scandal, Ibinabo Fiberesima faces fresh jail term|work=[[Nigeria Entertainment Today]]|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|date=29 January 2016|access-date=10 April 2016|archive-date=2 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402153450/http://thenet.ng/2016/01/10-years-after-manslaughter-scandal-ibinabo-fiberesima-faces-fresh-jail-term/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/09/ibinabo-fiberesima-turns-preacher/|title=Ibinabo Fiberesima turns preacher …|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Njoku|first=Ben|date=30 September 2010|access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Maris, 2016, an kori Ibinabo a matsayin shugaban kungiyar ‘yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya kuma an yanke mata hukuncin daurin shekaru 5 daga wata Babbar Kotun Tarayya da ke zaune a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . Amma duk da haka an bayar da belinta a kan kudi and 2 da kuma masu tsaya mata biyu a daidai wannan kudin a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 2016 ta Kotun Daukaka Kara a Legas har zuwa lokacin da za a yanke hukunci kan karar da ta shigar a Kotun Koli.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/04/why-ibinabo-fiberesima-was-granted-bail/|title=Why Ibinabo Fiberesima was granted bail|work=[[Nigeria Entertainment Today]]|last=Ajagunna|first=Timilehin|date=9 April 2016|access-date=10 April 2016|archive-date=9 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409230628/http://thenet.ng/2016/04/why-ibinabo-fiberesima-was-granted-bail/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/04/appeal-court-grants-nollywood-actress-ibinabo-n2m-bail/|title=Appeal Court grants Nollywood actress, Ibinabo, N2m bail|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Dania|first=Onozure|date=8 April 2016|access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref> == Filmography == {{inc-film|date=April 2016}} * ''Mafi Son'' * ''Fatalwa'' * ''St. Maryamu'' * ''Takobin Takobi'' * ''Matan Daren'' * ''Iyakan'' * ''Haruffa Zuwa Baƙo'' * ''<nowiki/>'76'' * ''Koguna Tsakanin'' * ''Dare A Filifin'' * ''Matar Fasto'' * ''Sake kamanni "'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ibinabo Fiberesima on IMDb [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] tmkxu79khm8yr0ar1tt9zq8mrx1wyr1 0 16090 548021 526314 2024-11-28T23:09:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kate Henshaw''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Kate Henshaw-Nuttall''' (an haife ta a 19 ga Yuli 1971), ’ yar fim ce ta [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]] . A shekara ta 2008 ta sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Koyon Fina-Finan Afirka don ''Kyakkyawar Jaruma a Matsayi Na Jagoranci'' saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din "Strongarfi fiye da Jin zafi".   == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Katehenshaw.jpg|thumb|Kate Henshaw]] An haifi Henshaw a [[Cross River|jihar Kuros Riba]], shine ɗan fari a cikin yara huɗu. Bayan ta kammala karatunta na firamare da sakandare a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] da [[Kalaba|Calabar]], Nijeriya, ta yi shekara guda a Jami’ar Calabar tana karatun karantarwa, sannan ta yi karatu a Kimiyyar Microbiology a Makarantar Kimiyyar Kimiyya ta Likita daga nan, LUTH (Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami’ar Lagos) a [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] . Henshaw yayi aiki a babban asibitin jihar Bauchi. Kafin ya zama 'yar fim, Henshaw ya yi aiki a matsayin abin koyi, wanda ya fito a tallace-tallace daban-daban ciki har da tallar bugawa da talabijin don ''Garkuwar'' deodorant. <ref>[http://www.mademags.com/kate-henshaw-and-basorge-tariah-in-the-best-sitcom-of-the-year-dogood/ Kate Henshaw and Basorge Tariah in the Best Sitcom of the Year]</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Kate Henshaw.png|thumb|Kate Henshaw]] A cikin 1993, Henshaw ta yi rawar gani don jagorantar fim din ''Lokacin da Sun Shigo'' kuma aka ci rawar. Wannan shine fitowarta ta farko a cikin wani babban fim din Nollywood . Henshaw ta fito a fina-finai sama da 45 na Nollywood. A shekara ta 2008 ta sami lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Koyon Fina-Finan Afirka don ''Kyakkyawar Jaruma a Matsayi'' na ''Jagoranci'' a fim ɗin da ya [https://africamagic.dstv.com/show/my-flatmates/kate-henshaw/character ''fi Painarfi zafi zafi'' .] .ta kasance an zabi "Fitacciyar Jaruma a Matsayi Na Jagoranci" a Gwarzon Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka a 2018, saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din "Roti". Yanzu ta zama [https://irokotv.com/actors/1108/kate-henshaw "The Face of Onga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426071808/https://irokotv.com/actors/1108/kate-henshaw |date=2023-04-26 }} ". Henshaw alkali ne a ''kungiyar mawakan Najeriya'' . [[File:Kate_Henshaw_on_set_with_Chioma_Toplis_("Stolen_Bible"_2004).jpg|right|thumb| Kate Henshaw akan saita tare da Chioma Toplis ("Satar Bible" 2004)]] == Filmography == [[File:Kate Henshaw.png|thumb|Kate Henshaw in 4th Republic]] *''[[When The Sun Sets (1993)]] as Omono'' *''[[Domitilla (1996)]] as Jenny'' *''Faces (1996)'' *''[[Above Death: In God We Trust (2003)]]'' *''[[A Million Tears (2006)]]'' *''[[My Little Secret (2006)]]'' *''[[Stronger Than Pain (2007)]]'' ''as Eringa'' *''[[Show Me Heaven (2007)]]'' ''as Prisca'' *''Tears In my Eyes (2008)'' *''Take me to Jesus (2008)'' *''The Meeting (2012) as Mrs. Ikomi'' *''False (2013) as Tosin'' *''New Horizons (2014) as Adesua'' *''A Few Good Men (2014) as Ada'' *''Iquo's Journal (2015) as Iquo'' *''Aremu The Principal (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title='Aremu the Principal': Watch Kate Henshaw, Queen Nwokoye, Oyetoro Hafiz in trailer for new movie|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/aremu-the-principal-watch-kate-henshaw-queen-nwokoye-oyetoro-hafiz-in-trailer-for-new-movie-id3778492.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=20 May 2015|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|access-date=20 May 2015|archive-date=23 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123034942/http://pulse.ng/movies/aremu-the-principal-watch-kate-henshaw-queen-nwokoye-oyetoro-hafiz-in-trailer-for-new-movie-id3778492.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' *''Roti (2017) as Diane'' *''[[The Women (2018 film)|The Women]] (2018) as Ene Enweuzo'' *''[[Chief Daddy]] (2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.netflix.com/title/81074015|title=Chief Daddy {{!}} Netflix|website=netflix.com|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> as Teni Beecroft'' *''[[New Money (2018 film)|New Money]] (2018) as Fatima Odumosu'' *''The Ghost and the House of Truth (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/09/28/the-ghost-and-the-house-of-truth/|title=The Ghost and the House of Truth|date=28 September 2019|website=THISDAYLIVE|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> as Inspector Folashade'' *[[4th Republic|''4th Republic (2019)'']] ''as Mabel King'' *''[[Blood Sisters (2022 series)|Blood Sisters]] (2022) as Uduak Ademola'' *Kofa (2022) as Kate Mshelia<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kate Henshaw-Nuttal {{!}} Actress |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1967874/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> *Bank Alert (2023) as Jade<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kate Henshaw-Nuttal {{!}} Actress |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1967874/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> *Nine (2023) as Mother Assassin *The House of Secrets (2023) as Mrs Eket *Deafening Silence (2024) *Voltage (2024) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Kate Henshaw-Nuttall * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080201093948/http://www.katehenshawnuttall.com/intro.htm Tashar yanar gizo] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 6tr2es4qy2a8bp9ows2yoidaby79jcr 0 16116 547844 505306 2024-11-28T21:26:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Ig-Ijeoma Grace Agu.ogg|thumb|Furucin ijeoma grace agu]] '''Ijeoma Grace Agu''' ‘yar wasan kwaikwayo ce daga Najeriya.<ref>BellaNaija.com (2016-07-19). "Nollywood Actress Ijeoma Grace Agu gets Risqué in New Photos". ''BellaNaija''. Retrieved 2021-11-12.</ref> Ta samu karramawa ta musamman dan takarar mata a bikin ba da lambar yabo ta 12 na African Movie Academy Awards. Ta kuma lashe kyautar mafi alkawarin yar wasan kwaikwayo a kyautar [[2014 Best of Nollywood Awards]]. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta fara bayyana a cikin ''silsilar'' Talebijin wato ''Eldorado''. Ta kuma kasance wani ɓangare na rukunin al'adu a wasannin gasar Olympic na 2012 da akayi a Londan.<ref>http://thenationonlineng.net/i-can-act-nude-ijeoma-grace-agu/</ref><ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/07/nollywood-actress-ijeoma-grace-agu-gets-risque-in-new-photos/</ref><ref>izuzu, chibumga (2016-06-20). "10 things you should know about "Taxi Driver: Oko Ashewo" actress". ''Pulse Nigeria''. Retrieved 2021-11-12.</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == Agu ita ce ta farko a cikin yaranta biyar. A cewar wani rahoto a ''Pulse Nigeria'', ta tashi ne a garin [[Benin City|Benin]] da kuma [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]].<ref>"10 things you should know about "Taxi Driver: Oko Ashewo" actress". pulse.ng. Retrieved 13 November 2021.</ref> Ta yi digirinta na farko a Biochemistry daga jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe a 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.topcelebritiesng.com/my-tummy-thighs-are-my-assets-ijeoma-grace-agu/ |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2017-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510095001/http://www.topcelebritiesng.com/my-tummy-thighs-are-my-assets-ijeoma-grace-agu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tana da aure da diya. Ta bayyana cewa mahaifinta shine wanda ya bata kwarin gwiwar yin aikin fim da takeyi. A cewar Agu, aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo ya fara ne a kasar Benin lokacin tana da shekara 14.<ref>"I CAN ACT NUDE–IJEOMA GRACE AGU". thenationonlineng.net. Retrieved 13 November 2021.</ref> Da take magana da ''jaridar The Nation (Nigeria)'' game da luwadi a Nollywood, Agu ta bayyana aikin a matsayin laifi a bisa dalilan addini kuma bata tunanin cewa haramta ta zai keta hakkin dan adam. Koyaya, ta yi tsokaci cewa bai kamata a sanya su laifi kamar yadda ake yi a Najeriya ba kuma za ta yarda da rawar yar madigo a fim. Ta kuma tabbatar da cewa ba ta goyon bayan duk wani abin da zai haifar da asarar rayukan ‘yan Najeriya, lokacin da aka tambaye ta game da neman Biyafara da daure Nnamdi Kanu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/ijeoma-grace-agu-10-things-you-should-know-about-taxi-driver-oko-ashewo-actress-id5171358.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-05 |archive-date=2020-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213204747/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ijeoma-grace-agu-10-things-you-should-know-about-taxi-driver-oko-ashewo-actress/wds0e48 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Filmography == * ''Shirye-shiryen'' * ''Bayan Jini'' * ''Roomaki ɗaya'' * ''Zabin Aina'' * ''Yarinyar Fure'' * ''Daga Cikin'' * ''Kawai Ba Aure bane'' * ''Kpians: Idin rayukan'' (2014) * ''Direban Tasi'' * ''Hoodrush'' * ''Rashin dacewa'' * ''Soyayya A Lokacin Kekes'' * ''Mata Yan Banza'' * ''Yarjejeniyar fakiti'' * ''Sylvia'' == Duba kuma == * Jerin mutanen Igbo == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] tl3eyq80py6fkhyhmwkg78f0gf4ae0k 0 16124 548093 512013 2024-11-29T05:03:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Stephanie Coker 2015 NdaniTV.png|thumb|Stephanie Coker]] '''Stephanie Coker''' (an haife ta '''Stephanie Omowunmi Eniafe Coker''' ; ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta alif 1988), yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya ce ta]] iska kuma mai gabatar da talabijin ga MTV Base Africa da Ebony Life TV Ita ma wanda aka nuna a matsayin 'Feke' a cikin mashahurin TV Series TV ''Tinsel'' . da kuma shahararren shirin sitcom "Hustle" a matsayin 'Cindy'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://rhodiesworld.com/mtv-vj-stephanie-coker-in-a-chat-with-wanna-i-enjoy-working-with-denrele-edun/ |access-date=2021-11-08 |archive-date=2020-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602062739/https://rhodiesworld.com/mtv-vj-stephanie-coker-in-a-chat-with-wanna-i-enjoy-working-with-denrele-edun/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Coker haifaffiyar [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos ce]], amma ta koma Arewacin London, a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] tana da shekara 1. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta St Mary na Ingila a Arewacin London, wurin da ta bayyana a matsayin ''"karamar karamar makaranta da aka dauki Kiristanci da muhimmanci"'' . Daga baya ta kammala karatun ta daga Jami’ar Brunel a fannin Media da Sadarwa. [[Fayil:Stephanie Coker NdaniTV.png|thumb|Stephanie Coker]] Yayin da take Brunel, ta yi aiki a MTV, Channel Four da Media Moguls PR.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://onobello.com/stephanie-cokers-birthday-today-check-super-glam-plans-day/#sthash.j3duOBXV.dpbs |access-date=2021-11-08 |archive-date=2019-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409143730/http://onobello.com/stephanie-cokers-birthday-today-check-super-glam-plans-day/#sthash.j3duOBXV.dpbs |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyuka == === London === A cikin shekarar 2010, Stephanie ta lashe Gasar gabatar da masu gabatar da shirye-shirye ta MTV, wanda ya ganta a cikin tallan TV. A waccan shekarar (2010), gidan talabijin na OHTV, (UK) ne ya ba ta izini saboda aikinta na shirin fim kan matasa 'yan Najeriya da ake kira "Kirsimeti a Legas" A cikin shekarar 2011, Stephanie ta sami horo tare da Media Trust kan shirye-shiryensu na TV daban-daban na London 360, Channel na Community (UK), nunin labarai irin na mujallu, ya ba ta matsayin mai gabatarwa.<ref>https://tinseltoday.wordpress.com/2013/08/22/tinsel-cast-august-2013</ref> === Najeriya === Stephanie Coker ta dawo gida Najeriya a shekarar 2011 kuma ta samu aikinta na farko a gidan talabijin na MTV Base Africa a matsayin anga na nuna kidayar <nowiki>'' Neman Titin ''</nowiki>. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta yi aiki a kan ayyuka daban-daban da shirye-shirye kamar Cool FMs Midday Oasis Show, MTVs Big Friday Show (with Basketmouth ), Tinsel on Africa Magic . A cikin 2013, tare da Bovi da Pearl, ita ce ta dauki bakuncin Guinness Colorful World of more concert, wani taron da aka shirya a baya wanda Bow Wow zai kafa. A cikin 2015, an saka ta a shafin bangon "Editionaunar "auna" na Mujalla Mai Kyau. A shekarar 2016 ta zama mai daukar nauyin Gidan Rediyon Muryar Najeriya .<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042312/http://www.communitychannel.org/london360/meet-the-team/profile/18/stephanie-e-coker/</ref> === Rediyo === [[Fayil:Anita Alaire Afoke Asuoha.jpg|thumb|Stephanie Coker]] A ranar 6 ga watan Disambar shekarar 2013, Baileys Nigeria ta sanar da Stephanie Coker da Veronica Ebie-Odeka a matsayin masu daukar nauyin sabon wasan kwaikwayo: Baileys Boutique. == Kyauta da gabatarwa == A cikin 2014, an zabi Stephanie Coker kuma daga baya ta sami Kyakkyawan Mai gabatarwa na shekara (ELOY) ta Mai Gabatar da TV na Shekara. An kuma zaba ta ne don lambar yabo ta Gidan Rediyon Najeriyar na 2014 (NBMA) a matsayin Mai watsa labarai na Najeriya na shekara. Daga baya Helen Paul ce ta lashe kyautar. == Rayuwar mutum == A ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 2017, Stephanie Coker ta auri Olumide Aderinokun, a Tsibirin Girka na Mykonos . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/stephanie-coker-is-married-somykonos-id7137162.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2018-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928002439/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/stephanie-coker-is-married-somykonos-id7137162.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta haifi diya mace a cikin watan Nuwamba shekarar 2019. Ta a halin yanzu  aiki a matsayin mai masaukin baki Arise TV's The Morning Show inda ta tattauna kasuwanci, fasaha da nishaɗi tare da masana masana'antu. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Mata]] [[category:Haifaffun 1988]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fzeo9ou77zide2gzknfwzsnuvuue3ow 0 16125 547665 245887 2024-11-28T18:54:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Caroline Danjuma''', wanda aka sani a baya da '''Caroline Ekanem''', 'yar wasan fim din Najeriya ce. Ta fara fitowa a fim ne a 2004, inda ta fito a wasu fitattun fina-finan Chico Ejiro.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160430195008/http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/why-i-married-danjuma</ref> Bayan hutu daga masana'antar fim, ta sake dawowa a cikin 2016, tare da gabatarwa da kuma fitowa a cikin mai sha'awar soyayya mai suna ''Stalker'' .<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-caroline-danjuma-is-34-years-old-id3909594.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2016-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013092515/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-caroline-danjuma-is-34-years-old-id3909594.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da Ilimi == An haifi Caroline ga mahaifin ɗan asalin Scotland kuma mahaifiyarsa ’yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/230136/actress-caroline-danjuma-to-embark-on-mba-in-oil-gas.html</ref> Ita ce ta farko a cikin yara uku. Ta karanci kula da kare muhalli, labarin kasa da tsara yanki a jami’ar Calabar. Ta kuma sami takardar shaidar cin nasara a cikin halayyar tsari daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Edinburgh a shekarar 2016. == Yin aiki == Chico Ejiro, ta hannun Rita Dominic, ta gabatar da Danjuma ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya a fim din ''Deadly Care'' na 2004. Ta fito a cikin wasu fina-finai masu nasara, ciki har da ''Kissing Deadly'' (2004), ''Missing Angel'' (2004), ''The Captor'' (2006), ''Harkokin Kasashen Waje'', ''Loveauna'' ta ''Gaskiya'', ''Twist'', ''A karo na Biyu'' da ''Dabba da Mala'ika''. Sabon fim dinta shi ne ''Stalker'', wanda Jim Iyke da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim|Nse Ikpe Etim suka fito tare]]. A watan Agustan 2017, wata kungiyar Pan-Afirka ta karrama ta saboda shirye-shiryenta na bayar da shawarwari wadanda suka danganci gina karfin ga matasan Najeriya.<ref>http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2017/08/11/caroline-danjuma-wins-2017-mandela-award/</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == Danjuma bai cika yawan zuwa Nollywood ba bayan aurenta da Musa Danjuma, kanin Theophilus Danjuma a 2007. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu da mace; sun rabu a shekara ta 2016.<ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/caroline-danjuma-husband-celebrate-the-1st-year-birthday-of-their-daughter-elizabeth/</ref> === Rigimar Shekaru === Kodayake yawancin wallafe-wallafen cikin gida sun ambaci shekarar haihuwarta daga tsakanin 1980 zuwa 1981, Danjuma ya sha bayyana cewa an haife ta ne a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1987. == Duba kuma == * Jerin furodusoshin fim na Najeriya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Caroline Danjuma on IMDb [[Category:Mata]] [[category:Haifaffun 1980]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] kc55dczob5y2k8t9zabwkq2wypuhyk2 0 16127 548051 546851 2024-11-29T01:25:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Michelle Dede.jpg|thumb|Michelle Dede]] '''Michelle Dede''' yar [[Nijeriya|Najeriya ce]] mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin kai tsaye kuma' yar fim ce. Ta shirya fim din mai suna ''Flower Girl'' sannan kuma ta fito a cikin shirin talabijin na ''<nowiki/>''Desperate Housewives Africa'' da kuma fim din shekarar 2017 mai cike da kayatarwa mai suna ''Abin da ke Ciki.''<ref>http://ynaija.com/leading-ladies-africa-michelle-dede/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/michelle-dede-9-things-you-should-know-about-multilingual-tv-host-actress-id4838132.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-08 |archive-date=2017-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622023012/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/michelle-dede-9-things-you-should-know-about-multilingual-tv-host-actress-id4838132.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da Ilimi == An haife ta ne a [[Jamus]], Dede ta girma ne a cikin dangi masu tasiri, mahaifinta shine Brownson Dede, wani jami'in diflomasiyyar Najeriya a [[Itofiya|Habasha]].<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/toyin-abraham-rita-dominic-return-to-set-for-the-therapist/</ref> Tana da kuma karatunta na farko a [[Brazil]], makarantar sakandare da sakandare ta kammala a [[Asturaliya|Australia]] da [[Itofiya|Habasha]] bi da bi. Daga baya ta tafi [[Birtaniya|kasar Burtaniya]] don karantar Zane da Tallace-tallace a Kwalejin Amurka da ke Landan, Burtaniya Haka kuma ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin Sadarwa da kuma PR daga wannan cibiyar.<ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/07/our-father-taught-us-to-respect-everyone%E2%80%94-najite-mitchelle-dede/</ref> == Ayyuka == Ayyukanta sun fara biyo bayan hutu a Najeriya kuma hakan ya sanya ta shiga cikin nishaɗin nishaɗi. A shekarar 2006, tare da kuma Olisa Adibua, ta dauki nauyin gabatar da fim din ''Big Brother Nigeria'', wanda aka fara gabatarwa, wani shirin talabijin na Najeriya wanda ya danganci shirin Big Brother. Ta daga baya co-samar da 2013 film ''Flower Girl'' kafin ta tafi a kan wa star kamar yadda Tari Gambadia a cikin fim ''Matsananciyar uwayen gida Afirka''. Ta ambaci Oprah Winfrey a matsayinta na mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen TV. A cikin shekarar 2017, Dede ta fara fitowa a fim mai kayatarwa na Najeriya ''Abin da ke Ciki'' tare da Paul Utomi, [[Kiki Omeili]] da Tope Tedela.<ref>https://dailytimes.ng/entertainment/tope-tedela-produces-first-movie/</ref> A cikin shekarar 2018 ta yi fice a cikin ''uwaye a Yaƙin''. <ref name="Pulse">July 24, 2018 [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/moms-at-war-heres-when-omoni-obolis-new-film-will-be-released-in-cinemas/mevk6zr Here's when Omoni Oboli's new film will be released in cinemas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424041723/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/moms-at-war-heres-when-omoni-obolis-new-film-will-be-released-in-cinemas/mevk6zr |date=2019-04-24 }}, ''Pulse Nigeria''</ref> == Filmography == * ''Yarinyar Flower'' (2013) * ''Matan Afirka masu raunin gaske'' (2015) * ''Abin da ke kwance a cikin'' (2017) * ''Iyaye a Yaƙi'' (2018) == Rayuwar mutum == Dede 'yar uwa ce kuma ga shahararren dan wasan barkwanci Najite Dede kuma jakadiyar alama ce ta kamfani kwararriya kan kwalliyar Emmaus Beauty. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Michelle Dede on IMDb [[category:Haifaffun 1984]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 23xg589melbyw2ras5z7ocvf9phzlsl 0 16131 547690 478342 2024-11-28T19:30:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dakore Egbuson-Akande''' (haifaffiyar '''Dakore Omobola Egbuson''' ) ' yar fim <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/dakore-egbuson-is-now-back/|title=Dakore Egbuson is Back|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=19 May 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519185235/http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/dakore-egbuson-is-now-back/|archivedate=19 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2013/05/interview-with-nollywood-actress-dakore-akande-i-missed-acting.html|title=I Missed acting - Dakore|publisher=informationng.com|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref>ce ta Nijeriya. Ita ce kuma jakadiya ga Amnesty International, Amstel Malta da Oxfam na Amurka.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140519185235/http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/dakore-egbuson-is-now-back/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://irokotv.com/actor/161/dakore-egbuson |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2014-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519183313/http://irokotv.com/actor/161/dakore-egbuson |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == [[File:Dokare Akande in November 2017.png|thumb|Dakore Egbuson-Akande]] An haifi Dakore a cikin [[Bayelsa|jihar Bayelsa]] a matsayin ɗiyar fari ga iyayenta. Ta halarci Makarantar Corona da Kwalejin 'Yan Mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] da [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/dakore-akande-rocks-baby-bump/|title=Dakore Akande rocks Baby bump|publisher=thenationonlineng.net|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref>Ta yi karatun sadarwa a jami'ar ta Legas amma sai ta daina saboda yawan yajin aiki.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/2967/3/i-never-prepared-to-be-famous-dakore-egbuson.html|title=I never prepared to be famous - Dakore Akande|publisher=modernghana.com|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref>A yanzu haka tana da aure da yara biyu .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2010/12/20/becoming-mrs-akande-dakore-egbuson-opens-up-on-her-career-life-love-upcoming-wedding-in-genevieve-magazines-bridal-issue-for-december-2010/|title=Becoming Mrs Akande, Dakore opens up with Life, career & motherhood|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=19 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailystar.com.ng/2013/05/30/i-wont-romance-kiss-in-any-movie-again-actress-dakore/|title=I won't romance & kiss anymore in films - Dakore|publisher=dailystar.com.ng|accessdate=19 May 2014|archive-date=19 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519184804/http://dailystar.com.ng/2013/05/30/i-wont-romance-kiss-in-any-movie-again-actress-dakore/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dokare Akande talking in November 2017.png|thumb|Dakore Egbuson-Akande]] A watan Satumba na shekarar 2019, Dakore ta fito a matsayin babban fasali a cikin Ka'idodin Haɗin Kayayyaki, a cikin batun taken ''Vivencias'' wanda ke fassara zuwa "Kwarewa" a cikin Mutanen Espanya. An yi hira da ita tare da mutane 30 daga ko'ina cikin duniya kamar su Kelli Ali, Adelaide Damoah da Desdamona .<ref name="odyssey">{{cite web|url=https://www.theodysseyonline.com/dakore-akande-swaady-martin-kelli-ali-adelaide-damoah-and-husani-oakley-feature-on-visual-collaborative/|title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande, Swaady Martin, others catalogued in Vicencias|date=June 19, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114183842/https://www.theodysseyonline.com/dakore-akande-swaady-martin-kelli-ali-adelaide-damoah-and-husani-oakley-feature-on-visual-collaborative/|archivedate=2019-11-14}}</ref>A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2020, hirar Dakore a kan wannan dandamalin '''Kawancen''' Kayayyakin wanda aka sake buga shi a cikin jerin mai taken '''TwentyEightyFour''', wanda aka sake shi a lokacin da aka sami karuwar cutar COVID-19, mawakan Faransa Les Nubians, mawakin Japan Rika Muranaka da dan wasan [[Chigul|barkwanci na]] Najeriya [[Chigul]] . wannan girma.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Onyekwelu|first1=Stephen|title=Les Nubians, Rika, Chigul, Dakore feature in TwentyEightyFour|url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/les-nubians-rika-chigul-dakore-feature-in-twentyeightyfour/|accessdate=15 May 2020|publisher=[[Business Day (Nigeria)]]|date=6 May 2020}}</ref> == Filmography == Dakore ya yi finafinai sama da 50, wasu daga cikinsu sun hada da:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2017-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''Amincin Jiki'' * ''Maza suna Kuka'' * ''Crack na motsin rai'' * ''Rarraba Mafarki'' * ''Lokacin da Tafiya ke Da wuya'' * ''Wasa'' * ''Oracle'' * ''Rami a Zuciya'' * ''Hawaye masu shiru'' * ''11 kwanakin & 11 Dare'' * ''Aikin KTP'' * ''Wasa'' * ''Hawaye masu shiru'' * ''Kukan Motsi'' * ''An kama a Tsakiya'' (2007) * ''Tafiya zuwa Kai'' (2013) * ''Jarumai Na Lokaci'' (2015) * ''Hamsin'' (2015) * ''Isoken'' (2017) * ''Chief Daddy'' (2018) * <nowiki><i id="mwYQ">Sabuwar Kudi</i></nowiki> (2018) * <nowiki><i id="mwZA">Saitin</i></nowiki> (2019) * ''Yazo Daga Hauka'' == Kyauta da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Taron ! Kyauta ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamakon |- | 2014 | Kyautar ELOY | Alamar Ambasada na Shekara ( Pampers ) |{{n/a}}|{{nom}} |- |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[category:Haifaffun 1978]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] orlwl07wsxlgwgtjq7kb45aofexvs3c 0 16140 548101 476762 2024-11-29T05:29:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tina Mba''' ƴar fim ce kuma Najeriya da aka zaɓa don lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Gwarzuwar Jaruma a Matsayin Tallafawa a Kyaututtuka na 7 na Kwalejin Fim na Afirka .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://yup.ng/2015/10/02/celebrity-birthday-tina-mba.html |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2018-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403053335/http://yup.ng/2015/10/02/celebrity-birthday-tina-mba.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://punchng.com/dont-engage-nollywood-politics/</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Tina Mba (cropped).png|thumb|Tina Mba]] A cikin 2017, ta yi fice a ''Isoken'', ''Bariga Suger'', ''Dokar Okafor a'' tsakanin sauran fina-finai, kuma ''Pulse ta'' bayyana ta a matsayin "yar wasan shekara." A bikin ba da lambar yabo na Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards a shekarar 2017, an zabi ta ne a matsayin wacce ta fi kowacce kyau a fagen wasan kwaikwayo. A wata hira da ''jaridar The Punch'', ta bayyana cewa sirrin da ta yiwa fitacciyar fassarar matsayin shine daga rayuwa da kuma tunanin kanta a ciki. Ta kuma bayyana cewa da ta fi son gidan wasan kwaikwayo da nuna fina-finai, idan za a biya ta daidai wa daida. A cikin 2016, ta yi fim a cikin ''Ufuoma'', wani wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya, wanda Ikechukwu Onyeka ya jagoranta.<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2014/10/23/marriage-burden-dont-go-actress-tina-mba/</ref> A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2017, ta fito a fim din ''Omoye'', wanda fim ne na ba da shawarwari game da cin zarafin mata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/isoken-funke-akindele-dakore-akande-tina-mba-joseph-benjamin-star-in-new-movie-id5394475.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2018-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814140623/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/isoken-funke-akindele-dakore-akande-tina-mba-joseph-benjamin-star-in-new-movie-id5394475.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2017, ta yi aiki a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya, ''Isoken'' tare, [[Funke Akindele]] da [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] .<ref>https://www.modernghana.com/movie/5226/3/ive-been-battered-broken-tina-mba.html</ref> Tana wasa da uwa, tana matsawa diyarta aure kuma bawai kawai ta maida hankali kan aikinta ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/483/tina-mba |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116052210/https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/483/tina-mba |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, YNaija ta sake bayyana matsayin ta na baya a Tango tare da Ni, Dokar Okafor, Isoken, da sauransu yayin da ta bayyana cewa ba a yaba mata da rawar da ta taka a masana'antar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/motion-pictures-with-chidumga-tina-mba-is-unarguably-the-best-nollywood-actress-of-2017-so-far-id6979936.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2018-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906183015/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/motion-pictures-with-chidumga-tina-mba-is-unarguably-the-best-nollywood-actress-of-2017-so-far-id6979936.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya nuna cewa yanayin " Naija " da take kawowa zuwa yanayinta yana ba da damar fahimtar matsayin nata.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/10/tina-mba-stan-nze-others-return-omoye/</ref> === Filmography da aka zaba === * ''Ikeni'' * ''Dokar Okafor'' * ''Yi Motsi'' * ''Aure amma Rayuwa Mara aure'' * ''Jarumai da Jarumai'' * ''Tango tare da Ni'' * ''Mai Hayar'' * ''Atharƙashin Mayafinta'' (2015) * ''Maza Uku Masu hikima (2016)'' * ''Banana Island Fatalwa'' (2017) * ''Gada (fim din 2017)'' * <nowiki><i id="mwVw">Yariman Najeriya</i></nowiki> (2018) * <nowiki><i id="mwWw">Saitin</i></nowiki> (2019) == Rayuwar mutum == Ita ‘yar asalin [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu ce]]. Mba tana da yara biyu. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 0a914d0vx2i3mn5pp6zracuw6upc29h 0 16143 548109 475184 2024-11-29T05:56:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ufuoma Stacey McDermott''' ''(yadda ake furtawa; /ufoʊməƐdʒnəbɔːr /)'' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da tamanin da ɗaya(1981) yar fim ce ta Nijeriya, ta kasakance yar wasan kwaikwaiyo kuma mai sana'ar kwalliya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://nigeriafilms.com/news/7307/6/ufuoma-ejenobor-weds-in-style-exclusive-photos.html |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2016-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409162610/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/7307/6/ufuoma-ejenobor-weds-in-style-exclusive-photos.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2016-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200845/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa. == Ejenobor an haife ta ne a garin [[Benin City|Benin]] iyayen ta yan Najeriya ne mazaunan asalin Urhobo dake [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]].<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/08/the-magic-of-dream-unveiled-at-ufuoma-mcdermotts-the-usm-show/</ref> Ta yi ƙaura - daga garin Benin izuwa jahar [[Jos]], inda ta yi amfani da mafi kyaun shekarun yarinta, daga baya kuma ta koma Legas, inda ta zauna a mafi yawan rayuwarta kuma har yanzu tana zaune a legas har zuwa yau. Tana da shekara bakwai, mahaifinta ya kuma kirkiro mata sunan dabba: ISIO (wanda ke nufin "tauraruwa" a Urhobo ). An rada mata suna ne saboda tauraruwar 'yar fim din shirin TELEFEST da NTA Benin suka hada, ''Tukunyar Rayuwa'' .<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2016-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200845/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/womancrushwednesday-why-we-are-crushing-on-nollywood-actress-ufuoma-mcdermott-id5180139.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aure da Iyali. == [[File:UEterracotta.JPG|thumb|Ufuoma McDermott]] Ejenobor ta yi aure a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu a shekara ta (2010) da Steven McDermott. A hukumance ta sauya sunanta zuwa Ufuoma McDermott a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, a shekara ta( 2014) a wata babbar kotun Legas.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150813023545/http://www.nollywoodsocial.net/ufuoma-ejenobor-pregnant-again-2nd-baby-on-the-way/</ref> == Karatu. == Ta wuce makarantar Alama mai zaman kanta a Jos, jihar Plateau, Tunwase Nursery da firamare [[Ikeja]], Legas daga karshe Molly International Nursery da firamare A jos Estate don makarantar gandun daji da ilimin firamare. Sannan ta halarci Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya, Odogbolu, Jihar Ogun don karatun sakandare.<ref>http://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/11/christmas-is-coming-movie-premiere.html</ref> Daga baya Ufuoma ta sami digiri a fannin harshen Faransanci daga Jami'ar Legas inda ta shiga cikin shirin hutun tallafin karatu na Gwamnatin Tarayya. Hakanan tana da takaddun sheda da difloma daga Alliance Française da NIIT. Ta yi digiri na biyu a Harkokin Jama'a da Harkokin Ƙasa da Ƙasa, ita ma daga Jami'ar Legas .<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110623005522/http://www.nigeriaentawards.com/nominees/nominees-filmtv/category/19-best-actress-in-tv-seriesrealitygame-show</ref> A shekara ta( 2011) ta halarci Kwalejin Koyon Fina-finai ta New York a [[Los Angeles]] don kwas na wasan kwaikwayo sannan daga baya ta yi kwas din yin fim daga Dov Simen ta Hollywood Film Institute. A cikin shekara ta (2013) ta sami takardar shaidar a cikin Gudanar da Harkokin Kasuwancin Dan Adam daga Makarantar Kasuwancin London. [[File:UEmomandi.JPG|thumb|Ufuoma McDermott]] A lokacin bazara na shekara ta ( 2015) tana daga cikin shirin ilimantar da dangi daga Najeriya, mallakar kamfanin Relativity Media a Beverly Hills. == Nishaɗi. == Ta fara aiki a cikin nishaɗi tare da yin tallan kayan kawa a cikin shekara ta (2000) a matsayin samfurin ɗaukar hoto sannan daga baya ta koma kan titin titin jirgin sama da masu kyau . [[File:Ufuoma_Ejenobor_for_Collectibles.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor akan titin sauka da tashin Jirgin Sama]] === Fim === A watan Fabrairun shekara ta (2004) Ejenobor ta yanke shawara kan harkar fim. Farawa tare da Zeb Ejiro ''Shugaban Kasa Dole ne Ya Mutu'', ta ci gaba da samun rawar gani a fina-finai. A watan Mayu shekara ta (2005) ta fara taka rawar gani a ''Rayuwa da Mutuwa'', fim dinta na uku bayan ''Shugaban Ƙasa Kada Ya Mutu'' da ''Guy akan Layi'' . A watan Disamba na shekara ta ( 2005) ta buga Chibuzor a cikin ''Edge na Paradise'' TV jerin da Royal Roots network suka samar. [[File:UEmomandi.JPG|thumb| Ufuoma Ejenobor akan shirin Mama ''da Ni'' a matsayin "Lillian Wright"]] A shekara ta ( 2008) ta ɗauki matsayin "Lillian Wright" a cikin shirin gidan talabijin na ''Mama da Ni'' rawar da ta ba ta damar zaɓar mafi kyawun 'yar wasa a shekarar ta ( 2010) Festival de Télévision de Monte- Carlo da kuma daya a The Terracotta Nigerian TV da Film Awards. An zaɓi ta a matsayin Jarumar shekara ta ( 2011) a Future Awards === Mataki. === A watan Janairun shekara ( 2018) McDermott ya sake maimaita matsayinta na "Mama Baby", "Mata Kira Jagora" da "Sister Esther" a cikin shirin ''Ji Maganar!'', wanda ya dawo shekara ta biyu a jere zuwa Harvard kuma an shirya shi a sanannen gidan wasan kwaikwayo na American Repertory a Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.SA. Kayan aikin ya shafi jigogi daban-daban, wadanda ke magance matsalolin mata a cikin al'umma. Wasan kwaikwayon, wanda ya fara fitowa a Legas, Najeriya a shekara ta ( 2014) ya kuma kunshi hazikan 'yan wasa kamar Joke Silva, Taiwo Ajayi-Lycett da Bimbo Akintola. [[Fayil:Ufuoma Ejenobor for Collectibles.JPG|thumb|Ufuoma McDermott]] Saurari Kalmar da aka gabatar a bikin Edinburgh na Ƙasa da Ƙasa a watan Agusta shekara ta (2019) da McDermott, Joke Silva, Taiwo Ajayi-Lycett da sauran membobin wasan kwaikwayon da aka yi a Royal Lyceum, a Edinburgh, Scotland. ''Guardian ta Burtaniya'', a cikin bita game da wasan kwaikwayon ta bayyana shi a matsayin ''"a lokaci guda mai tsauri da kuma wahayi"'', yana ba wa wasan tauraruwa uku daga cikin biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ufuoma-mcdermott-9-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4954969.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2018-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614221206/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ufuoma-mcdermott-9-things-you-should-know-about-actress-id4954969.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Ganewa. === * Fitacciyar Jaruma a cikin jerin Talakawa Nominee - Kyautar Nishaɗin Nijeriya a shekara ta (2011) * Actor of the shekara ta (2011) Nominee- The Future Awards * Mafi kyawun ressan takarar --an wasa - Lambar yabo ta Nymph ta shekara ta 2010 ( Bikin Gidan Talabijin na Monte Carlo ) * Mafi kyawun Actan wasa a jerin waɗanda aka zaɓa a jerin Wasanni, Terracotta TV da Kyautar Fim * Go Red Africa, Mafi Kyawun Mace Mace, a shekara ta( 2007) * Youthungiyar Matasan Afirka, Gwarzon Misali, a shekara ta (2009) * Ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar sarauniyar kyau ta Miss Earth a shekara ta ( 2004) * McDermott ya kasance mai magana a TEDx Rayfield, wanda aka gudanar a watan Disamba na shekara ta (2017) == Lambobin yabo. == {| class="wikitable" !SHEKARA ! GUDANARWA ! KUNNE ! ABIN LURA |- | 2003 | Kauyen Faransa na Najeriya | Fille Africaine | Ya ci |- | 2007 | Tushen zuciyar Afirka a baje kolin kayan Afirka | Mafi Kyawun Misali | Ya ci |- | 2009 | Youthungiyar Matasan Afirka | Kyautar Samun Misali | Ya ci |- | 2010 | Kyautar Nymph ta Golden a Bikin Talabijin na Monte Carlo | Fitacciyar Jaruma a cikin wasan barkwanci | Zabi |- | 2010 | Terracotta Talabijin da Lambobin Yabo | Fitacciyar Jaruma a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo | Wanda aka zaba |- | 2011 | Kyaututtukan Gaba | Fitacciyar Jaruma | Wanda aka zaba |- | 2014 | AMVCA Afirka Sihiri Masu Kallon sihiri | Mafi kyawun sabbin hanyoyin watsa labarai-kan layi | Suna (JUNGLE JEWEL) |- | 2015 | Delta Nishadi Kyauta | Fitacciyar Jaruma | Yayi nasara |- | 2016 | Kyautar ELOY | Actress (Babban allo) | Wanda aka zaba |- | 2017 | Kyautar City City | Fitacciyar Jaruma | Ya ci |- |} == Manazarta. == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ufuoma McDermott on IMDb [[category:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 969st8t02a1jbnnh8gkmov360cxk861 0 16146 548056 494713 2024-11-29T01:51:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Monica Omorodion Swaida''' (an haifeta ranar biyar 5 ga watan Yuni, {{When}}) wanda aka fi sani da '''Monicazation''', '''mawakiya''' ce ’yar Najeriya/Amurka,’ yar fim, furodusa kuma shugabar kamfanin inshora.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/music-first-love-monicazation/ |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2016-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221101211/https://newtelegraphonline.com/music-first-love-monicazation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Swaida a Ingila kuma ya tashi a [[Warri]], [[Nijeriya|Nigeria]] . Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Nana, Warri, da makarantar sakandare a Mount Wachusett Community College a Gardner, Massachusetts. Ta fara waka tun tana budurwa kuma, tun tana ‘yar shekara sha’hudu 14, ta lashe gasar rubuta waka tare da Jaridun Punch, wanda ya dauke ta zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] inda sana’ar waka ta fara.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/monica-omorodion-swaida-actress-talks-difference-between-filming-in-nigeria-and/v5j49qb |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2020-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207224324/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/monica-omorodion-swaida-actress-talks-difference-between-filming-in-nigeria-and/v5j49qb |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.uml.edu/News/news-articles/2014/sun-nollywood.aspx |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2016-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220075534/https://www.uml.edu/News/news-articles/2014/sun-nollywood.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayinda take a Jami'ar Massachusetts Lowell, Monica ita ce jagorar rawa a ƙungiyar Alumni. Ta jagoranci rukuninta kuma suka yi wasan kwaikwayo kai tsaye a jami'a kuma ta rubuta waka a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da aka buga. Ta saurara kuma ta koya daga masu koya mata irin su Majek Fashek don inganta waƙarta.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6886376/bio</ref> == Ayyuka == === Mawaka === Omrorodion ya fara waka ne tun yana saurayi kuma Sam Morris na Otto ya gabatar da shi a dakin kide kide kuma wannan ya kai ta zuwa Aibtonia studio, inda ta hadu da mambobinta na farko Sound on Sound kuma sanya hannun Poligram. Ta kuma sadu da Majek Fashek da sauran ma'aikata da yawa kuma ta kasance a cikin dakunan motsa jiki yayin hutun makaranta. Ta bude wa Majek Fashek, Onyenka, Christie Essien da sauran masu fasaha da yawa, kuma ta ci gaba da yawon bude ido tare da Majek Fashek. Monicazation ta fitar da cikakken kundin wakenta mai taken Monicazation a watan Satumbar shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’biyu 2014 kuma ta ci gaba da rangadi tare da masu fasaha daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2015/02/my-album-is-like-a-box-of-chocolate-says-waida/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2015-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017163812/http://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2015/02/my-album-is-like-a-box-of-chocolate-says-waida/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayinda take budurwa, ta hadu da Majek Fashek a Aibitonia Studios a Anthony a Legas. A waccan lokacin, tana cikin Kungiyar da ake kira 'Sound on Sound' tare da Ba'amurke mai suna Scratch da wasu mawaka guda uku wadanda suka saki kundi na farko da Poligram Records. Majek Fashek ya koya mata abubuwa da yawa game da rubutun waka kuma ya kawar da tsoranta. Ta hadu da Sunny Okosun yayin yawon shakatawa na 'MAMSER' tare da Majek kuma ta zama abokai tare da Mawakan da ke ajiye shi. Lokacin da Majek ke hutu daga doguwar tafiya, sai ta yanke shawarar tafiya tare da Sunny Okosun . Kowane lokaci tana kan hutu tare da Majek, tana tafiya tare da Okosun kuma ta koya daga wurinsa.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6886376/bio</ref> === 'Yar wasa === Omorodion ya yi fina-finai daban-daban da suka hada da, ''Harkokin Zuciya'' tare da Joseph Benjamin, Stella Damasus a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’hudu 2014, sannan kuma ya buga fim a wani fim da darakta Obed Joe ya rubuta mai taken ''Kone Kauna'' a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’hudu 2014. Daga baya ta shirya fim dinta wanda ya samu lambar yabo mai taken ''Fuskokin soyayya'' tare da Robert Peters wanda Razaaq Adoti, Syr Law, John Dumelo da sauran su suka fito. Swaida, mai kasuwancin inshora, ta koma asalin nishadinta bayan shekaru hudu. ''Fuskokin isauna'' fim ne na biyu da ta shirya kuma ta farko da ta fara samun lambar yabo. Ta kuma yi aiki tare a matsayin babban mai gabatarwa kuma ta rubuta wakar. Ta yanke shawarar daukar nauyin inganta fasaha wanda zai iya isar da "gaskiya" hotunan mutanen Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.uml.edu/News/news-articles/2014/sun-nollywood.aspx |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2016-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220075534/https://www.uml.edu/News/news-articles/2014/sun-nollywood.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar Mutum == Monica ta fara rubuta wakoki da kiɗa tun tana saurayi. Yayinda take cikin makarantar firamare ta Nana Warri, Monica tana rubuta wakoki tare da kanwarta. Sun kasance suna raira waka da fyade tun kafin ta san komai game da fyade. Ta fara soyayya da wasan kwaikwayo ne yayin da take Hussey College Warri. Ta shiga kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo da ake kira Silver Line Productions tare da Felix Okwelum a matsayin daraktan wasan kwaikwayo a Warri. Ta yi rawar gani a fagen waka tana ba da waka kamar Abiku da sauransu. Ta kuma taka rawa a wasannin kwaikwayo kamar ''The Gods Are not To Lame'', ''House Asunder'' da sauran su. Ta yi rangadi tare da samar da Layin Azurfa na shekaru kafin ta mai da hankali kan kida. Ta yi waƙa ta bango don taurari ciki har da: Majek Fashek, Sunny Okosun da Evi Edna. Ta kuma yi jingles da yawa da aikin murya-kan aiki. Ta yi tafiye-tafiye sosai tare da kungiyar Majek Fashek a duk fadin Nijeriya da Afirka kuma abin da ta fi so shi ne lokacin da suka yi wasa a Fadar Oba a Benin. Monica Omorodion Swaida sananniya ce a cikin shekarun 1990, tare da irin su Evi Edna, Majek Fashek da marigayi Sunny Okosun.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://safarinewsng.com/2015/12/us-based-monica-omorodion-recounts-how-majek-fashek-greatly-inspired-her/ |access-date=2021-10-29 |archive-date=2016-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813085608/http://safarinewsng.com/2015/12/us-based-monica-omorodion-recounts-how-majek-fashek-greatly-inspired-her/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kyauta da gabatarwa == === Lambobin yabo === * ACADEMIA MUSIC AWARD CALIFORNIA 2015, * KYAUTATA KARATUN KARATUN FINA-FINAI FILM * LANFA FILM DA WAKAR WAKA * ZABAR JIKIN MUTANE TARE DA NAFCA, 2015 (FASOKIN KAUNA) * == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Hanyoyin hadin waje == * Official website [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] m1gg70zmcdybd3z6n1p5ac18mmlm7g4 0 16153 548081 449095 2024-11-29T04:08:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ronke Odusanya''' 'yar wasan fim ce a harshen Yarbanci ta Najeriya,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/11/20/popular-actress-ronke-odusanya-reveals-men-call-breasts/|title=Popular actress, Ronke Odusanya reveals what men call her breasts|work=Dailypost Nigeria|last=Nwachukwu|first=John Owen|date=20 November 2016|access-date=20 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="obiuwevbi1">{{cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/yoruba-actress-ronke-odusanya-looks-lovely-in-these-makeup-photos/|title=Yoruba Movie Actress Ronke Odusanya Looks Lovely in these Makeup Photos!|work=Bellanaija|last=Obiuwevbi|first=Jennifer|date=17 October 2015|access-date=20 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/ronke-odusanya-finally-speaks-on-alleged-husband-snatching-scandal/|title=Ronke Odusanya finally speaks on alleged husband-snatching scandal|work=TheNet|last=Adedosu|first=Adekunle|date=23 December 2014|access-date=20 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/ronke-odusanya-nollywood-actress-weds-us-based-lover-secretly/vq5gcdh|title=Nollywood Actress Weds US Based Lover Secretly|work=Pulse|last=Esho|first=Wemi|date=10 June 2014|access-date=20 April 2019|archive-date=20 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420031605/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/ronke-odusanya-nollywood-actress-weds-us-based-lover-secretly/vq5gcdh|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/11/yoruba-actress-ronke-odusanya-gives-lesson-on-self-esteem/|title=Yoruba actress, Ronke Odusanya, gives lesson on self-esteem|work=vanguardngr|last=BASSEY|first=EKAETTE|date=3 November 2018|access-date=20 April 2019}}</ref> mai shirya fina-finai kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/64521/|title=9 Years After First Production, Ronke Odusanya Releases New Flick ‘Gangan’|work=Tribuneonline|access-date=20 April 2019|archive-date=20 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420031605/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/64521/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Ronke Odusanya a ranar 3 ga watan Mayu a [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]] . Ronke ta yi karatu a makarantar St. Benedict Nursery & Primary da kuma Kwalejin 'Yan Mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke [[Akure]] . Ta halarci jami’ar Olabisi Onabanjo, inda ta samu digiri a fannin sadarwa . == Ayyuka == Ta fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo ne tun tana 'yar shekara 16 bayan ta kammala karatu. An sanya mata suna "Flakky Idi Dowo" bayan rawar da ta taka a fim din Fathia Balogun a matsayin "Folake" a shekarar 2006. Ronke ta fito a cikin fim din " Oga Kerikeri" na Oga Bello . Ta fara fitowa a fina-finan Nollywood ne a fim din 2001 na Yarbanci, "Baba Ologba". Ta fito a fina-finai da dama na [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]], ciki har da <nowiki>''</nowiki> ''Jenifa'' wacce ta taka rawar ''Becky'', ''Twisted'', da ''Bayanin Wata Yarinya da'' sauransu. An zabe ta ne don ''Gwarzuwar Jaruma a fagen jagora'' ''(Yarbawa)'' a ''Gwarzon'' Nollywood na shekarata 2017 saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din ''Ailatunse'' . <ref name="bona2017">[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2017-bolanle-ninalowo-ik-ogbonna-rachel-okonkwo-what-lies-within-among/x1yd04j Bolanle Ninalowo, IK Ogbonna, Rachel Okonkwo, "What Lies Within" among nominees] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019113032/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2017-bolanle-ninalowo-ik-ogbonna-rachel-okonkwo-what-lies-within-among/x1yd04j |date=2021-10-19 }}, Pulse, Retrieved 20 April 2019</ref> ==Fina-finan da aka zaɓa== *''Baba Ologba (2001)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adediran |first=Ifeoluwa |date=23 December 2021 |title=Why court declared Ronke Odusanya's estranged baby daddy wanted |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/502206-why-court-declared-ronke-odusanyas-estranged-baby-daddy-wanted.html |access-date=29 July 2022 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>'' * ''Twisted (2007) as Titi'' * ''[[Jenifa]] (2008) as Becky'' * ''Láròdá òjò (2008) as Jummy'' * ''Eekan soso (2009)'' * ''Emi Nire Kan (2009)'' * ''Astray (Isina) (2016) as Keji'' * ''Gangan (2016) as Setemi'' * ''A Girl's Note (2016)<ref name="movie">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6794532/fullcredits?ref_=tt_cl_sm#cast A Girl's Note], IMDB, Retrieved 20 April 2019</ref> as Mother'' *''Asake Oni Bread (2016)'' *''The Stunt (2017)'' *''Ayomide (2017)<ref name="ayomidefilm">[https://nlist.ng/title/ayomide-771/ ayomide ( 2017)], NLIST, Retrieved 20 April 2019</ref>'' *''Obsession (2017)'' *''Flakky Ijaya (2017) as Flakky'' *''Jail (2017) as Ada'' *''Olorire (2018)'' *''The Eve (2018) as Aunty Keh'' *''Oronro (2018) as Bisoye'' *''Omije Omorewa <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2022 |title=Olabisi Akingbade premieres ‘Omije Omorewa’ |url=https://punchng.com/olabisi-akingbade-premieres-omije-omorewa/ |access-date=29 July 2022 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref>'' *''Introducing The Kujus (2020)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sort by Popularity - Most Popular Movies and TV Shows With Ronke Odusanya |url=http://www.imdb.com/filmosearch/?role=nm3885472&job_type=actress |access-date=24 August 2022 |website=IMDb}}</ref> as Maupe'' *''Ainiwa (2021) as Bolajoko'' *''The Cokers (2021) as Mama Aderonke'' *''Sparrow (2021) as Eniola'' *''Body bag (2020) as Jumai'' *''Different Strokes (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ronke Odusanya |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3885472/ |access-date=24 August 2022 |website=IMDb |language=en}}</ref> as Dolapo'' *''Love or Death (2022) as Shindara'' *''Nkan Inu Igi (2022) as Shade'' *''Love Trap (2022) as Bisola'' *''Onika (2022) as Tumininu Aunt'' == Lambobin yabo == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Fim ! Sakamakon |- | 2017 | Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Fitacciyar Jaruma a Matsayi Na Jagoranci (Yarbawa) | ''Ailatunse'' | {{nominated}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} ==Hanyoyin hadi na waje== {{IMDb name|3885472|Ronke Odusanya}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Odusanya, Ronke}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] askxcpija0mnqxwez9ovqxkgjci2t4l 0 16350 547666 448701 2024-11-28T18:55:24Z A Salisu 14655 547666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jacqueline Wolper Massawe''' (an haife ta ranar 6 ga watan Disamba na shekarar 1987). Ƴar wasan fim ta [[Tanzaniya]] ce mai salon fashion. == Tarihin rayuwa da Karatu== An haifi Wolper kuma ta girma a Moshi, Tanzania. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Mawenzi kafin ta koma Magrath, Ekenywa da Masai don makarantar sakandare. ==Sana'ar fim== Ta shiga masana'antar fina-finai ta Tanzaniya a 2007. ===Fina-finai=== Wolper ta fito a cikin shahararrun fina-finai da yawa, gami da; * ''Tom Boy - Jike Dume'' * ''Crazy Desire'' * ''Mahaba Niue'' * ''Ni Ba'' ''Brotheran uwanku bane'' * ''Chaguo Langu'' * ''Dereva Taxi'' * ''Shoga Yangu'' * ''Red Valentine'' * ''Hawaye Na Iyali'' Ta taka rawar gani a cikin shirin ''Red Valentine'' da ''Hawaye na Iyali'' wanda hakan ya sa ta sami karɓuwa a Kenya kuma sun mayar da ita cikin ɗayan mashahuran 'yan mata a Tanzania. Baya ga wasan kwaikwayo, Wolper itace wanda ta kafa houseofstylish_tz, wani shagon sayar da tufafi da ke [[Dar es Salaam]]. A cikin 2018, an zabi Wolper don yin hukunci a gasar sarauniyar kyau ta Miss Tanzania, amma ba a saka sunanta ba bayan ta makara zuwa taron karawa juna sani. == Rayuwarta == Wolper ta fara farawa da mashahurin mawaƙin Harmonize a cikin Mayu 2016. Koyaya, ma'auratan sun rabu a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. Har ila yau, tana da dangantaka da abokin wasansa, Diamond Platnumz. Duk da cewa tana sha'awar al'adun Kenya, Wolper ta bayyana cewa ba ta son yin dangantaka da wani mutumin Kenya. ==Bayan Fage== A cikin 2018, ta sanar da cewa ta zama Krista sake haifuwa. An san Wolper da maganganun da ke jawo cece-kuce ga kafofin yada labaran Tanzania, kuma anai mata tsoron kar a sihirce ta saboda su. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [[imdbname:11406634|Jacqueline Wolper]] a [[IMDb|Tashar Bayanai ta Intanet]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1987]] [[Category:Mutanen Tanzaniya]] bve287xx91pj9qw0ff1g12ud20vnft4 0 16599 547616 547354 2024-11-28T17:56:40Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarki Mallam Musa''' shine sarkin farkon na ƙabilar Fulani inda shi ne ya assasa gidan Ƙabilar [[Mallawa]] a masarautar [[Zazzau]]. Mallam Musa yayi mulki daga shekarar 1804 zuwa shekara ta 1821. Mallam Musa ya amshi tutar [[Musulunci]] daga Mujaddadi [[Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. Mallam Musa ya amshi sarauta ne daga hannun Sarkin Haɓe (Hausa) na karshe mai suna [[Makau]] inda kuma ya kafa bangaren [[Daular Musulunci]] ta [[Sokoto]] a [[Zariya]] a karkashin tutan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodio.<ref name=":0">professor lavers collection: zaria province.</ref> == Tarihi == Asalin garin zaria sarakunan [[Haɓe]] ne ke mulkan su, wanda sukayi sarauta tun daga shekara ta 1505 zuwa shekarar 1802, A shekarar 1804 ne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodio yayi jihadi, inda ya yaƙi sarkin gobir mai suna [[Yunfa]], a [[Yaƙin Ƙwoto]], daga nan ne ya fara yaɗa sarautarsa da musulunci zuwa masarautun Hausawa, A zariya akwai [[Mallam Musa]] wanda ya daɗe yana da’awar zuwa ga addinin musulunci, Mallam Musa Bafillatani ne, Jin Jihadin Usman Ɗan Fodio yas shima ya karɓa Tuta daga Usman Ɗan Fodio. Da Mallam Musa da Yamusa mutumin fulani Barno suka doso zaria suka yaƙi sarki Makau ɗan ƙabilar Haɓe, Makau sai ya gudu shi da mutanensa zuwa Zuba, wani gari ne na Gwari da Koro a yankin [[Abuja]] a yau, Mallam Musa sai ya zama Sarkin zazzau na farko daga ƙabilar [[Fulani]], bayan rasuwarsa sai aka kuma naɗa [[Yamusa]] a shekarar 1821 a matsyin sarkin zazzau, shi kuma fulanin Barno ne, daga nan ne Bare-Bari da Fulanin Mallawa Suka fara sarauta a kasar zazzau.<ref name=":0" /> == Bibiliyo == * Professor lavers collection: Zaria Province, Arewa House. *''The Sokoto Caliphate : history and legacies, 1804-2004''. Bobboyi, H., Yakubu, Mahmood. (1st ed ed.). Kaduna, Nigeria: Arewa House. 2006. <nowiki>ISBN 978-135-166-7</nowiki>. OCLC 156890366. *Smaldone, Joseph P. (1977). ''Warfare in the Sokoto Caliphate : historical and sociological perspectivesISBN0-521-21069-0OCLC2371710'' == Manazarta == [[Category:Sarakunan Hausawa]] [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] 3gu1yq3qzorxhf6h8l753myla2rtb40 547617 547616 2024-11-28T17:57:18Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarki Mallam Musa''' shine sarkin farkon na ƙabilar Fulani inda shi ne ya assasa gidan Ƙabilar [[Mallawa]] a masarautar [[Zazzau]]. Mallam Musa yayi mulki daga shekarar 1804 zuwa shekara ta 1821. Mallam Musa ya amshi tutar [[Musulunci]] daga Mujaddadi [[Usman Dan Fodiyo]]. Mallam Musa ya amshi sarauta ne daga hannun Sarkin Haɓe (Hausa) na karshe mai suna [[Makau]] inda kuma ya kafa bangaren [[Daular Musulunci]] ta [[Sokoto]] a [[Zariya]] a karkashin tutan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodio.<ref name=":0">professor lavers collection: zaria province.</ref> == Tarihi == Asalin garin zaria sarakunan [[Haɓe]] ne ke mulkan su, wanda sukayi sarauta tun daga shekara ta 1505 zuwa shekarar 1802, A shekarar 1804 ne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodio yayi jihadi, inda ya yaƙi sarkin gobir mai suna [[Yunfa]], a [[Yaƙin Ƙwoto]], daga nan ne ya fara yaɗa sarautarsa da musulunci zuwa masarautun Hausawa, A zariya akwai [[Mallam Musa]] wanda ya daɗe yana da’awar zuwa ga addinin musulunci, Mallam Musa Bafillatani ne, Jin Jihadin Usman Ɗan Fodio yas shima ya karɓa Tuta daga Usman Ɗan Fodio. Da Mallam Musa da Yamusa mutumin fulani Barno suka doso zaria suka yaƙi sarki Makau ɗan ƙabilar Haɓe, Makau sai ya gudu shi da mutanensa zuwa Zuba, wani gari ne na Gwari da Koro a yankin [[Abuja]] a yau, Mallam Musa sai ya zama Sarkin zazzau na farko daga ƙabilar [[Fulani]], bayan rasuwarsa sai aka kuma naɗa [[Yamusa]] a shekarar 1821 a matsayin sarkin zazzau, shi kuma fulanin Barno ne, daga nan ne Bare-Bari da Fulanin Mallawa Suka fara sarauta a kasar zazzau.<ref name=":0" /> == Bibiliyo == * Professor lavers collection: Zaria Province, Arewa House. *''The Sokoto Caliphate : history and legacies, 1804-2004''. Bobboyi, H., Yakubu, Mahmood. (1st ed ed.). Kaduna, Nigeria: Arewa House. 2006. <nowiki>ISBN 978-135-166-7</nowiki>. OCLC 156890366. *Smaldone, Joseph P. (1977). ''Warfare in the Sokoto Caliphate : historical and sociological perspectivesISBN0-521-21069-0OCLC2371710'' == Manazarta == [[Category:Sarakunan Hausawa]] [[Category:Sarakunan Zazzau]] ky94jvg6gtbiwgoz7an8dn67g5g252f 828 17039 548098 73378 2024-11-29T05:17:59Z Sangjinhwa 4902 548098 Scribunto text/plain -- Constant data used by [[Module:Country alias]]. local countryAliases = { -- Countries with identical definitions. ANG_CGF = "AIA", ATG = "ANT", BHR = "BHN", BRN = "BHN", CUW = "CUR", FRO = "FAR", GUE = "GGY", HOL = "NED", IOA = "AOI", IRN = "IRI", JEY = "JER", LIB = "LBN", MSR = "MNT", NGU = "PNG", NIC = "NCA", NFK = "NFI", OMN = "OMA", ROT = "ROA", ROU = "ROM", SHN = "SHE", VIN = "SVG", SWK = "SAR", SIN = "SGP", SAF = "RSA", SAU = "KSA", TON = "TGA", TTO = "TRI", TCI = "TCA", TKS = "TCA", TMP = "TLS", } local countries = { EXA = { -- example for testing name = "Example Country", {1951, "Flag1951.svg"}, -- year <= 1951 {1995, "Flag1995.svg"}, -- 1951 < year <= 1995 "Flag of test.svg", -- otherwise ["Paralympics"] = "Paralympics.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1948] = "SO1948.svg", [1952] = "SO1952.svg", [1980] = "SO1980.svg", }, ["Winter Olympics"] = { [1956] = "WO1956.svg", [1964] = "WO1964.svg", }, }, ADN = { name = "Aden", "Flag of the Colony of Aden.svg", }, AFG = { name = "Afghanistan", {1973, "Flag of Afghanistan (1931–1973).svg"}, {1978, "Flag of Afghanistan (1974–1978).svg"}, {1987, "Flag of Afghanistan (1980–1987).svg"}, {1992, "Flag of Afghanistan (1987–1992).svg"}, {1996, "Flag of Afghanistan (1992–2001).svg"}, {2003, "Flag of Afghanistan (2002–2004).svg"}, "Flag of Afghanistan.svg", }, AHO = { name = "Netherlands Antilles", {1982, "Flag of the Netherlands Antilles (1959–1986).svg"}, "Flag of the Netherlands Antilles (1986–2010).svg", ["Pan American Games"] = { [2011] = "Flag of PASO.svg", }, }, AIA = { name = "Anguilla", "Flag of Anguilla.svg", }, ALB = { name = "Albania", {1991, "Flag of Albania (1946–1992).svg"}, {2001, "Flag of Albania (1992–2002).svg"}, "Flag of Albania.svg", }, ALG = { name = "Algeria", "Flag of Algeria.svg", }, ANA = { name = "Authorised Neutral Athletes", "ANA flag (2017).svg", }, AND = { name = "Andorra", "Flag of Andorra.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1976] = "Flag of Andorra (civil).svg", [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, ANG = { name = "Angola", "Flag of Angola.svg", }, ANT = { name = "Antigua and Barbuda", {1966, "Missing Blue Ensign.svg"}, "Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg", }, ANZ = { name = "Australasia", "Flag of Australasian team for Olympic games.svg", }, AOI = { name = "Independent Olympic Athletes", "Olympic flag.svg", }, ARG = { name = "Argentina", "Flag of Argentina.svg", }, ARM = { name = "Armenia", "Flag of Armenia.svg", }, ART = { name = "Athlete Refugee Team", "IAAF flag (2017).svg", ["Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games"] = { [2017] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, ART_AIMAG = { name = "Refugee Team", "Olympic flag.svg", }, ARU = { name = "Aruba", "Flag of Aruba.svg", }, ASA = { name = "American Samoa", "Flag of American Samoa.svg", }, AUS = { name = "Australia", {1900, "Flag of the United Kingdom.svg"}, {1909, "Flag of Australia (1903–1908).svg"}, "Flag of Australia.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, ["Winter Olympics"] = { [1952] = "Civil Ensign of Australia.svg", }, }, AUT = { name = "Austria", {1912, "Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg"}, "Flag of Austria.svg", }, AZE = { name = "Azerbaijan", "Flag of Azerbaijan.svg", }, BAH = { name = "Bahamas", {1923, "Flag of the Bahamas (1904–1923).svg"}, {1953, "Flag of the Bahamas (1923–1953).svg"}, {1964, "Flag of the Bahamas (1953–1964).svg"}, {1972, "Flag of the Bahamas (1964–1973).png"}, "Flag of the Bahamas.svg", }, BAN = { name = "Bangladesh", "Flag of Bangladesh.svg", }, BAR = { name = "Barbados", {1966, "Flag of Barbados (1870–1966).svg"}, "Flag of Barbados.svg", }, BDI = { name = "Burundi", "Flag of Burundi.svg", }, BEL = { name = "Belgium", "Flag of Belgium (civil).svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, BEN = { name = "Benin", {1990, "Flag of Benin (1975–1990).svg"}, "Flag of Benin.svg", }, BER = { name = "Bermuda", {1999, "Flag of Bermuda (1910–1999).svg"}, "Flag of Bermuda.svg", }, BGU = { name = "British Guiana", {1906, "Flag of British Guiana (1875–1906).svg"}, {1919, "Flag of British Guiana (1906–1919).svg"}, {1955, "Flag of British Guiana (1919–1955).svg"}, "Flag of British Guiana (1955–1966).svg", }, BHN = { name = "Bahrain", {2001, "Flag of Bahrain (1972–2002).svg"}, "Flag of Bahrain.svg", }, BHU = { name = "Bhutan", "Flag of Bhutan.svg", }, BIH = { name = "Bosnia and Herzegovina", {1997, "Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1998).svg"}, "Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg", }, BIR = { name = "Burma", {1973, "Flag of Burma (1948–1974).svg"}, {2010, "Flag of Myanmar (1974–2010).svg"}, "Flag of Myanmar.svg", }, BIZ = { name = "Belize", {1981, "Flag of British Honduras (1919-1981).svg"}, "Flag of Belize.svg", }, BLR = { name = "Belarus", {1991, "Flag of Byelorussian SSR.svg"}, {1994, "Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991-1995).svg"}, {2012, "Flag of Belarus (1995-2012).svg"}, "Flag of Belarus.svg", }, BNB = { name = "British North Borneo", "Flag of North Borneo (1948-1963).svg", }, BOH = { name = "Bohemia", "Flag of Bohemia.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1912] = "Bohemian Olympic Flag (1912).svg", }, }, BOL = { name = "Bolivia", "Flag of Bolivia.svg", }, BOT = { name = "Botswana", "Flag of Botswana.svg", }, BRA = { name = "Brazil", {1960, "Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg"}, {1968, "Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg"}, {1992, "Flag of Brazil (1968-1992).svg"}, "Flag of Brazil.svg", }, BRU = { name = "Brunei", "Flag of Brunei.svg", }, BUL = { name = "Bulgaria", {1946, "Flag of Bulgaria.svg"}, {1948, "Flag of Bulgaria (1946-1948).svg"}, {1967, "Flag of Bulgaria (1948-1967).svg"}, {1971, "Flag of Bulgaria (1967-1971).svg"}, {1990, "Flag of Bulgaria (1971-1990).svg"}, "Flag of Bulgaria.svg", }, BUR = { name = "Burkina Faso", "Flag of Burkina Faso.svg", }, BWI = { name = "British West Indies", "Flag of the West Indies Federation.svg", }, CAF = { name = "Central African Republic", "Flag of the Central African Republic.svg", }, CAM = { name = "Cambodia", {1970, "Flag of Cambodia.svg"}, {1975, "Flag of the Khmer Republic.svg"}, {1989, "Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svg"}, {1991, "Flag of the State of Cambodia.svg"}, {1993, "Flag of Cambodia under UNTAC.svg"}, "Flag of Cambodia.svg", }, CAN = { name = "Canada", {1921, "Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg"}, {1957, "Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg"}, {1965, "Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg"}, "Flag of Canada.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1936] = "Canadian Red Ensign 1921-1957 (with disc).svg", }, }, CAY = { name = "Cayman Islands", {1999, "Flag of the Cayman Islands (pre-1999).svg"}, "Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg", }, CEY = { name = "Ceylon", {1948, "British Ceylon flag.svg"}, {1951, "Flag of Ceylon (1948-1951).svg"}, {1971, "Flag of Ceylon (1951-1972).svg"}, "Flag of Sri Lanka.svg", }, CGO = { name = "Republic of the Congo", {1970, "Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg"}, {1990, "Flag of the People's Republic of Congo.svg"}, "Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg", }, CHA = { name = "Chad", "Flag of Chad.svg", }, CHI = { name = "Chile", "Flag of Chile.svg", }, CHN = { name = "China", "Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg", }, CIV = { name = "Ivory Coast", "Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg", }, CMR = { name = "Cameroon", {1975, "Flag of Cameroon (1961-1975).svg"}, "Flag of Cameroon.svg", }, COD = { name = "Democratic Republic of the Congo", {1971, "Flag of Congo-Kinshasa (1966-1971).svg"}, {1996, "Flag of Zaire.svg"}, {2003, "Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1997-2003).svg"}, {2006, "Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2003-2006).svg"}, "Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg", }, COK = { name = "Cook Islands", {1979, "Flag of the Cook Islands (1973-1979).svg"}, "Flag of the Cook Islands.svg", }, COL = { name = "Colombia", "Flag of Colombia.svg", }, COM = { name = "Comoros", {1996, "Flag of the Comoros (1992-1996).svg"}, {2001, "Flag of the Comoros (1996-2001).svg"}, "Flag of the Comoros.svg", }, COR = { name = "Korea", "Unification flag of Korea.svg", ["Winter Olympics"] = { [2018] = "Unification flag of Korea (pre 2006).svg", }, }, CPV = { name = "Cape Verde", "Flag of Cape Verde.svg", }, CRC = { name = "Costa Rica", "Flag of Costa Rica.svg", }, CRO = { name = "Croatia", "Flag of Croatia.svg", }, CUB = { name = "Cuba", "Flag of Cuba.svg", }, CUR = { name = "Curaçao", "Flag of Curaçao.svg", }, CYP = { name = "Cyprus", {2006, "Flag of Cyprus (1960-2006).svg"}, "Flag of Cyprus.svg", }, CZE = { name = "Czech Republic", "Flag of the Czech Republic.svg", }, DAH = { name = "Dahomey", "Flag of Benin.svg", }, DEN = { name = "Denmark", "Flag of Denmark.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, DJI = { name = "Djibouti", "Flag of Djibouti.svg", }, DMA = { name = "Dominica", {1965, "Flag of Dominica 1955-1965.svg"}, {1978, "Flag of Dominica (1965-1978).svg"}, {1981, "Flag of Dominica (1978-1981).svg"}, {1988, "Flag of Dominica (1981-1988).svg"}, {1990, "Flag of Dominica (1988-1990).svg"}, "Flag of Dominica.svg", }, DOM = { name = "Dominican Republic", "Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg", }, ECU = { name = "Ecuador", {2009, "Flag of Ecuador (1900–2009).svg"}, "Flag of Ecuador.svg", }, EGY = { name = "Egypt", {1922, "Flag of Egypt (1882-1922).svg"}, {1952, "Flag of Egypt (1922–1958).svg"}, {1958, "Flag of Egypt (1952-1958).svg"}, {1971, "Flag of the United Arab Republic.svg"}, {1984, "Flag of Egypt (1972-1984).svg"}, "Flag of Egypt.svg", }, ENG = { name = "England", "Flag of England.svg", }, ERI = { name = "Eritrea", "Flag of Eritrea.svg", }, ESA = { name = "El Salvador", "Flag of El Salvador.svg", }, ESP = { name = "Spain", {1931, "Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg"}, {1939, "Flag of Spain (1931 - 1939).svg"}, {1977, "Flag of Spain (1945–1977).svg"}, {1981, "Flag of Spain (1977 - 1981).svg"}, "Flag of Spain.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, EST = { name = "Estonia", "Flag of Estonia.svg", }, ETH = { name = "Ethiopia", {1974, "Flag of Ethiopia (1897-1936; 1941-1974).svg"}, {1975, "Flag of Ethiopia (1974-1975).svg"}, {1987, "Flag of Ethiopia (1975–1987).svg"}, {1991, "Flag of Ethiopia (1987–1991).svg"}, {1996, "Flag of Ethiopia (1991-1996).svg"}, "Flag of Ethiopia.svg", }, EUA = { name = "United Team of Germany", {1959, "Flag of Germany.svg"}, "Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg", }, EUN = { name = "Unified Team", "Olympic flag.svg", ["Winter Paralympics"] = "Paralympic flag (1988-1994).svg", ["Paralympics"] = "Paralympic flag (1988-1994).svg", ["Summer Paralympics"] = "Paralympic flag (1988-1994).svg", }, FAI = { name = "Falkland Islands", {1999, "Flag of the Falkland Islands (1948-1999).svg"}, "Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg", }, FAR = { name = "Faroe Islands", "Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg", }, FIJ = { name = "Fiji", {1970, "Flag of Fiji 1924-1970.svg"}, "Flag of Fiji.svg", }, FIN = { name = "Finland", {1912, "Flag of Russia.svg"}, "Flag of Finland.svg", }, FINA = { name = "FINA Independent Athletes", "FINA logo cropped.jpg" }, FRA = { name = "France", "Flag of France.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, FRG = { name = "West Germany", {1959, "Flag of Germany.svg"}, {1968, "Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg"}, "Flag of Germany.svg", }, FRN = { name = "Rhodesia and Nyasaland", "Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg", }, FSA = { name = "Federation of South Arabia", "Flag of the Federation of South Arabia.svg", }, FSM = { name = "Federated States of Micronesia", "Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg", }, GAB = { name = "Gabon", "Flag of Gabon.svg", }, GAM = { name = "The Gambia", "Flag of The Gambia.svg", }, GBR = { name = "Great Britain", "Flag of the United Kingdom.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, GBR_WCA = { name = "Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "Flag of the United Kingdom.svg", }, GBS = { name = "Guinea-Bissau", "Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg", }, GCO = { name = "Gold Coast", "Flag of the Gold Coast.svg", }, GDR = { name = "East Germany", {1959, "Flag of East Germany.svg"}, {1968, "Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg"}, "Flag of East Germany.svg", }, GEO = { name = "Georgia", {2003, "Flag of Georgia (1990–2004).svg"}, "Flag of Georgia.svg", }, GEQ = { name = "Equatorial Guinea", "Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg", }, GER = { name = "Germany", {1912, "Flag of the German Empire.svg"}, {1932, "Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg"}, {1945, "Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg"}, "Flag of Germany.svg", }, GGY = { name = "Guernsey", {1985, "Flag of Guernsey (1936).svg"}, "Flag of Guernsey.svg", }, GHA = { name = "Ghana", {1960, "Flag of the Gold Coast.svg"}, {1962, "Flag of the Union of African States (1961-1962).svg"}, {1966, "Flag of Ghana (1964-1966).svg"}, "Flag of Ghana.svg", }, GIB = { name = "Gibraltar", {1981, "Government Ensign of Gibraltar 1939-1999.svg"}, "Flag of Gibraltar.svg", }, GRE = { name = "Greece", {1969, "Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg"}, {1975, "Flag of Greece (1970-1975).svg"}, {1978, "Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg"}, "Flag of Greece.svg", ["Winter Olympics"] = { [1976] = "Flag of Greece.svg", }, }, GRN = { name = "Grenada", {1974, "Flag of Grenada 1967.svg"}, "Flag of Grenada.svg", }, GUA = { name = "Guatemala", "Flag of Guatemala.svg", }, GUI = { name = "Guinea", "Flag of Guinea.svg", }, GUM = { name = "Guam", "Flag of Guam.svg", }, GUY = { name = "Guyana", {1906, "Flag of British Guiana (1875–1906).svg"}, {1919, "Flag of British Guiana (1906-1919).svg"}, {1955, "Flag of British Guiana (1919-1955).svg"}, {1966, "Flag of British Guiana (1955–1966).svg"}, "Flag of Guyana.svg", }, HAI = { name = "Haiti", {1963, "Flag of Haiti.svg"}, {1986, "Flag of Haiti (1964–1986).svg"}, "Flag of Haiti.svg", }, HBR = { name = "British Honduras", "Flag of British Honduras.svg", }, HKG = { name = "Hong Kong", {1955, "Flag of Hong Kong (1876–1941 and 1945–1955).svg"}, {1959, "Flag of Hong Kong (1955–1959).svg"}, {1997, "Flag of Hong Kong (1959–1997).svg"}, "Flag of Hong Kong.svg", }, HKG_CGF = { name = "Hong Kong", {1955, "Flag of Hong Kong 1876.svg"}, {1959, "Flag of Hong Kong 1955.svg"}, "Flag of Hong Kong (1959–1997).svg" }, HON = { name = "Honduras", "Flag of Honduras.svg", }, HUN = { name = "Hungary", {1918, "Flag of Hungary (1867-1918).svg"}, {1946, "Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946; 3-2 aspect ratio).svg"}, {1949, "Flag of Hungary (1946-1949, 1956-1957).svg"}, {1955, "Flag of Hungary (1949-1956).svg"}, {1957, "Flag of Hungary (1946-1949, 1956-1957).svg"}, "Flag of Hungary.svg", }, IFS = { name = "Irish Free State", "Flag of Ireland.svg", }, IAA = { name = "Independent Asian Athletes", "Olympic flag.svg", }, INA = { name = "Indonesia", "Flag of Indonesia.svg", }, IND = { name = "India", {1946, "British Raj Red Ensign.svg"}, {2012, "Flag of India.svg"}, "Flag of India.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1936] = "Flag of the Governor-General of India (1885–1947).svg", }, }, IOA_2000 = { name = "Individual Olympic Athletes", "Olympic flag.svg", }, IOC = { name = "Athletes from Kuwait", "Olympic flag.svg", }, IOM = { name = "Isle of Man", "Flag of the Isle of Man.svg", }, IOP = { name = "Independent Olympic Participants", "Olympic flag.svg", }, ['IOP, IOA, OAR'] = { name = "Independent Olympians", "Olympic flag.svg", }, IOW = { name = "Isle of Wight", "Flag of the Isle of Wight.svg", }, IPA = { name = "Individual Paralympic Athletes", "Paralympic flag.svg", }, IPP = { name = "Independent Paralympic Participants", "Paralympic flag (1988-1994).svg", }, IRE = { name = "Ireland", "Green harp flag of Ireland.svg", }, IRI = { name = "Iran", {1932, "Early 20th Century Qajar Flag.svg"}, {1964, "State Flag of Iran (1933-1964).svg"}, {1980, "State Flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg"}, "Flag of Iran.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1964] = "State Flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg", }, }, IRL = { name = "Ireland", "Flag of Ireland.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, IRQ = { name = "Iraq", {1959, "Flag of Iraq (1921–1959).svg"}, {1963, "Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg"}, {1991, "Flag of Iraq (1963-1991); Flag of Syria (1963-1972).svg"}, {2003, "Flag of Iraq (1991-2004).svg"}, {2007, "Flag of Iraq (2004-2008).svg"}, "Flag of Iraq.svg", }, ISL = { name = "Iceland", {1915, "Flag of Denmark.svg"}, {1944, "Light Blue Flag of Iceland.svg"}, "Flag of Iceland.svg", }, ISR = { name = "Israel", "Flag of Israel.svg", }, ISV = { name = "Virgin Islands", "Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg", }, ITA = { name = "Italy", {1946, "Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg"}, {2002, "Flag of Italy.svg"}, {2006, "Flag of Italy (2003–2006).svg"}, "Flag of Italy.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, IVB = { name = "British Virgin Islands", "Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg", }, JAM = { name = "Jamaica", {1957, "Flag of Jamaica (1906-1957).svg"}, {1962, "Flag of Jamaica (1957-1962).svg"}, "Flag of Jamaica.svg", }, JER = { name = "Jersey", {1980, "Flag of Jersey (pre 1981).svg"}, "Flag of Jersey.svg", }, JOR = { name = "Jordan", "Flag of Jordan.svg", }, JPN = { name = "Japan", {1999, "Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg"}, "Flag of Japan.svg", }, KAZ = { name = "Kazakhstan", "Flag of Kazakhstan.svg", }, KEN = { name = "Kenya", {1963, "Flag of British East Africa.svg"}, "Flag of Kenya.svg", }, KGZ = { name = "Kyrgyzstan", "Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg", }, KHM = { name = "Khmer Republic", "Flag of the Khmer Republic.svg", }, KIR = { name = "Kiribati", "Flag of Kiribati.svg", }, KOR = { name = "South Korea", {1947, "Flag of South Korea (1945-1948).svg"}, {1949, "Flag of South Korea (1948-1949).svg"}, {1983, "Flag of South Korea (1949-1984).svg"}, -- flag changed in Feb '84 {1997, "Flag of South Korea (1984-1997).svg"}, {2011, "Flag of South Korea (1997-2011).svg"}, "Flag of South Korea.svg" }, KOS = { name = "Kosovo", "Flag of Kosovo.svg", }, KSA = { name = "Saudi Arabia", {1973, "Flag of Saudi Arabia (1938-1973).svg"}, "Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg", }, KUW = { name = "Kuwait", "Flag of Kuwait.svg", }, LAO = { name = "Laos", {1975, "Flag of Laos (1952-1975).svg"}, "Flag of Laos.svg", }, LAT = { name = "Latvia", "Flag of Latvia.svg", }, LBA = { name = "Libya", {1968, "Flag of Libya (1951).svg"}, {1972, "Flag of Libya (1969–1972).svg"}, {1977, "Flag of Libya (1972–1977).svg"}, {2011, "Flag of Libya (1977-2011).svg"}, "Flag of Libya.svg", }, LBN = { name = "Lebanon", "Flag of Lebanon.svg", }, LBR = { name = "Liberia", "Flag of Liberia.svg", }, LCA = { name = "Saint Lucia", {1967, "Flag of Saint Lucia (1939-1967).svg"}, {1979, "Flag of Saint Lucia (1967-1979).svg"}, {2002, "Flag of Saint Lucia (1979-2002).svg"}, "Flag of Saint Lucia.svg", }, LES = { name = "Lesotho", {1987, "Flag of Lesotho (1966).svg"}, {2006, "Flag of Lesotho (1987-2006).svg"}, "Flag of Lesotho.svg", }, LIE = { name = "Liechtenstein", {1921, "Flag of Liechtenstein (1852-1921).svg"}, {1937, "Flag of Liechtenstein (1921-1937).svg"}, "Flag of Liechtenstein.svg", }, LTU = { name = "Lithuania", {1940, "Flag of Lithuania (1918-1940).svg"}, {2004, "Flag of Lithuania (1988-2004).svg"}, "Flag of Lithuania.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [2004] = "Flag of Lithuania.svg", }, }, LUX = { name = "Luxembourg", "Flag of Luxembourg.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, MAC = { name = "Macau", {1999, "Bandeira do Leal Senado.svg"}, "Flag of Macau.svg", }, MAD = { name = "Madagascar", "Flag of Madagascar.svg", }, MAL = { name = "Malaya", "Flag of Malaya.svg", }, MAR = { name = "Morocco", "Flag of Morocco.svg", }, MAS = { name = "Malaysia", {1963, "Flag of Malaya.svg"}, "Flag of Malaysia.svg", }, MAW = { name = "Malawi", {2009, "Flag of Malawi.svg"}, {2012, "Flag of Malawi (2010-2012).svg"}, "Flag of Malawi.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [2012] = "Flag of Malawi.svg", }, }, MDA = { name = "Moldova", "Flag of Moldova.svg", }, MDV = { name = "Maldives", "Flag of Maldives.svg", }, MEX = { name = "Mexico", {1916, "Flag of Mexico (1893-1916).svg"}, {1934, "Flag of the United Mexican States (1916-1934).svg"}, {1968, "Flag of Mexico (1934-1968).svg"}, "Flag of Mexico.svg", }, MGL = { name = "Mongolia", {1991, "Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1992).svg"}, "Flag of Mongolia.svg", ["Winter Olympics"] = { [1992] = "Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1940-1992).svg", }, }, MHL = { name = "Marshall Islands", "Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg", }, MIX = { name = "Mixed-NOCs", "Olympic flag.svg", }, MKD = { name = "Macedonia", "Flag of Macedonia.svg", }, MKD_2019 = { name = "North Macedonia", "Flag of North Macedonia.svg", }, MLI = { name = "Mali", "Flag of Mali.svg", }, MLT = { name = "Malta", {1943, "Flag of Malta (1923-1943).svg"}, {1964, "Flag of Malta (1943-1964).svg"}, "Flag of Malta.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1948] = "Flag of Malta (1943).svg", }, }, MNE = { name = "Montenegro", "Flag of Montenegro.svg", }, MNT = { name = "Montserrat", "Flag of Montserrat.svg", }, MON = { name = "Monaco", "Flag of Monaco.svg", }, MOZ = { name = "Mozambique", {1983, "Flag of Mozambique (1975-1983).svg"}, "Flag of Mozambique.svg", }, MRI = { name = "Mauritius", {1923, "Flag of Mauritius 1906.svg"}, {1968, "Flag of Mauritius 1923.svg"}, "Flag of Mauritius.svg", }, MTN = { name = "Mauritania", {2016, "Flag of Mauritania (1959–2017).svg"}, "Flag of Mauritania.svg", }, MYA = { name = "Myanmar", {1973, "Flag of Burma (1948-1974).svg"}, {2010, "Flag of Myanmar (1974-2010).svg"}, "Flag of Myanmar.svg", }, NAM = { name = "Namibia", "Flag of Namibia.svg", }, NBO = { name = "North Borneo", "Flag of North Borneo (1948-1963).svg", }, NCA = { name = "Nicaragua", "Flag of Nicaragua.svg", }, NCL = { name = "New Caledonia", "Flag of New Caledonia.svg", ["Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games"] = { [2017] = "Flag of France.svg", }, }, NED = { name = "Netherlands", "Flag of the Netherlands.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, NEP = { name = "Nepal", "Flag of Nepal.svg", }, NEW = { name = "Newfoundland", "Newfoundland Red Ensign.png", }, NFI = { name = "Norfolk Island", "Flag of Norfolk Island.svg", }, NGR = { name = "Nigeria", {1960, "Flag of British Colonial Nigeria.svg"}, "Flag of Nigeria.svg", }, NIG = { name = "Niger", "Flag of Niger.svg", }, NIR = { name = "Northern Ireland", "Ulster banner.svg", }, NIU = { name = "Niue", "Flag of Niue.svg", }, NMI = { name = "Northern Mariana Islands", "Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg", }, NOR = { name = "Norway", "Flag of Norway.svg", }, NPA = { name = "Neutral Paralympic Athletes", "Paralympic flag.svg", }, NRH = { name = "Northern Rhodesia", "Flag of Northern Rhodesia (1939-1953).svg", }, NRU = { name = "Nauru", "Flag of Nauru.svg", }, NZL = { name = "New Zealand", "Flag of New Zealand.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Flag of New Zealand Olympic Committee (1979-1994).svg", }, }, OAR = { name = "Olympic Athletes from Russia", "Olympic flag.svg", }, OMA = { name = "Oman", {1995, "Flag of Oman (1970-1995).svg"}, "Flag of Oman.svg", }, PAK = { name = "Pakistan", "Flag of Pakistan.svg", }, PAN = { name = "Panama", "Flag of Panama.svg", }, PAR = { name = "Paraguay", {1954, "Flag of Paraguay (1842-1954).svg"}, {1988, "Flag of Paraguay (1954-1988).svg"}, {1990, "Flag of Paraguay (1988-1990).svg"}, {2013, "Flag of Paraguay (1990-2013).svg"}, "Flag of Paraguay.svg", }, PER = { name = "Peru", {1950, "Flag of Peru (1825-1950).svg"}, "Flag of Peru.svg", }, PHI = { name = "Philippines", {1936, "Flag of the Philippines (1919-1936).svg"}, {1984, "Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg"}, {1986, "Flag_of_the_Philippines_(light_blue).svg"}, {1997, "Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg"}, "Flag of the Philippines.svg", ["Asian Games"] = { [1986] = "Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg", }, }, PLE = { name = "Palestine", "Flag of Palestine.svg", }, PLW = { name = "Palau", "Flag of Palau.svg", }, PNG = { name = "Papua New Guinea", {1965, "Flag of the Territory of New Guinea.svg"}, {1970, "Flag of Papua New Guinea 1965.svg"}, "Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg", }, POL = { name = "Poland", {1928, "Flag of Poland (1919-1928).svg"}, {1979, "Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg"}, "Flag of Poland.svg", }, POR = { name = "Portugal", "Flag of Portugal.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Flag of Portugal-1980-Olympics.svg", }, }, PRK = { name = "North Korea", {1947, "Flag of the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea.svg"}, {1991, "Flag of North Korea (1948–1992).svg"}, "Flag of North Korea.svg", }, PUR = { name = "Puerto Rico", {1951, "Puerto Rico Azul Celeste.png"}, {1995, "Flag of Puerto Rico (1952-1995).svg"}, "Flag of Puerto Rico.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1948] = "Puerto rico national sport flag.svg", [1952] = "Puerto rico national sport flag.svg", [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, PYF = { name = "French Polynesia", "Flag of French Polynesia.svg", }, QAT = { name = "Qatar", "Flag of Qatar.svg", }, RHO = { name = "Rhodesia", {1953, "Flag of Southern Rhodesia.svg"}, {1963, "Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg"}, {1968, "Flag of Rhodesia (1964).svg"}, "Flag of Rhodesia.svg", }, ROA = { name = "Refugee Olympic Team", "Olympic flag.svg", }, ROC = { name = "Republic of China", {1928, "Flag of the Republic of China (1912-1928).svg"}, "Flag of the Republic of China.svg", }, ROM = { name = "Romania", {1948, "Flag of Romania.svg"}, {1952, "Flag of Romania (1948-1952).svg"}, {1965, "Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg"}, {1989, "Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg"}, "Flag of Romania.svg", }, RSA = { name = "South Africa", {1912, "Flag of the United Kingdom.svg"}, {1928, "Red Ensign of South Africa (1912-1928).svg"}, {1994, "Flag of South Africa (1928-1994).svg"}, "Flag of South Africa.svg", ["Winter Olympics"] = { [1994] = "South African Olympic Flag 1994.gif", }, ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1992] = "South African Olympic Flag.svg", }, }, RU1 = { name = "Russian Empire", "Flag of Russia.svg", }, RUS = { name = "Russia", {1993, "Flag of Russia (1991–1993).svg"}, "Flag of Russia.svg", }, RWA = { name = "Rwanda", {1961, "Flag of Rwanda (1959-1961).svg"}, {2001, "Flag of Rwanda (1962-2001).svg"}, "Flag of Rwanda.svg", }, SAA = { name = "Saar", "Flag of Saar (1947–1956).svg", }, SAM = { name = "Samoa", "Flag of Samoa.svg", }, SAR = { name = "Sarawak", "Flag of the Crown Colony of Sarawak (1946).svg", }, SCG = { name = "Serbia and Montenegro", "Flag of Serbia and Montenegro.svg", }, SCN = { name = "Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla", "Flag of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla.svg", }, SCO = { name = "Scotland", "Flag of Scotland.svg", }, SEN = { name = "Senegal", "Flag of Senegal.svg", }, SEY = { name = "Seychelles", {1996, "Flag of the Seychelles (1977-1996).svg"}, "Flag of Seychelles.svg", }, SGP = { name = "Singapore", {1959, "Flag of Singapore (1946-1959).svg"}, "Flag of Singapore.svg", }, SHE = { name = "Saint Helena", {1984, "Flag of Saint Helena (1874-1984).svg"}, "Flag of Saint Helena.svg", }, SKN = { name = "Saint Kitts and Nevis", {1983, "Flag of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla.svg"}, "Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg", }, SLE = { name = "Sierra Leone", {1961, "Flag of Sierra Leone 1916-1961.gif"}, "Flag of Sierra Leone.svg", }, SLO = { name = "Slovenia", "Flag of Slovenia.svg", }, SMR = { name = "San Marino", {2010, "Flag of San Marino (before 2011).svg"}, "Flag of San Marino.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, SOL = { name = "Solomon Islands", "Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg", }, SOM = { name = "Somalia", "Flag of Somalia.svg", }, SRB = { name = "Serbia", {1918, "State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg"}, {1944, "Flag of Serbia, 1941-1944.svg"}, {1992, "Flag of SR Serbia.svg"}, {2004, "Flag of Serbia (1992-2004).svg"}, {2010, "Flag of Serbia (2004-2010).svg"}, "Flag of Serbia.svg", }, SRH = { name = "Southern Rhodesia", "Flag of Southern Rhodesia.svg", }, SRI = { name = "Sri Lanka", {1948, "British Ceylon flag.svg"}, {1951, "Flag of Ceylon (1948-1951).svg"}, {1971, "Flag of Ceylon (1951-1972).svg"}, "Flag of Sri Lanka.svg", }, SSD = { name = "South Sudan", "Flag of South Sudan.svg", }, STP = { name = "São Tomé and Príncipe", "Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg", }, SUD = { name = "Sudan", {1970, "Flag of Sudan (1956-1970).svg"}, "Flag of Sudan.svg", }, SUI = { name = "Switzerland", "Flag of Switzerland.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1980] = "Olympic flag.svg", }, }, SUR = { name = "Suriname", {1975, "Flag of Dutch Guyana.svg"}, "Flag of Suriname.svg", }, SVG = { name = "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", {1979, "Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1907-1979).svg"}, {1984, "Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979-1985).svg"}, {1985, "Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1985).svg"}, "Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg", }, SVK = { name = "Slovakia", "Flag of Slovakia.svg", }, SWE = { name = "Sweden", {1905, "Swedish civil ensign (1844–1905).svg"}, "Flag of Sweden.svg", }, SWZ = { name = "Swaziland", "Flag of Swaziland.svg", }, SWZ_YO2018 = { name = "Eswatini", "Flag of Swaziland.svg", }, SYR = { name = "Syria", {1958, "Flag of Syria (1932-1958; 1961-1963).svg"}, {1961, "Flag of the United Arab Republic.svg"}, {1963, "Flag of Syria (1932-1958; 1961-1963).svg"}, {1972, "Flag of Iraq (1963-1991); Flag of Syria (1963-1972).svg"}, {1980, "Flag of Syria (1972-1980).svg"}, "Flag of Syria.svg", }, TAG = { name = "Tanganyika", "Flag of Tanganyika.svg", }, TAH = { name = "Tahiti", "Flag of French Polynesia.svg", }, TAN = { name = "Tanzania", {1964, "Flag of Tanganyika.svg"}, "Flag of Tanzania.svg", }, TCA = { name = "Turks and Caicos Islands", "Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg", }, TCH = { name = "Czechoslovakia", "Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg", }, TGA = { name = "Tonga", "Flag of Tonga.svg", }, THA = { name = "Thailand", "Flag of Thailand.svg", }, TJK = { name = "Tajikistan", "Flag of Tajikistan.svg", }, TKL = { name = "Tokelau", "Flag of Tokelau.svg", }, TKM = { name = "Turkmenistan", {1973, "Flag of Turkmen SSR (1956).svg"}, {1991, "Flag of the Turkmen SSR.svg"}, {1996, "Flag of Turkmenistan (1992-1997).svg"}, {2000, "Flag of Turkmenistan (1997-2001).svg"}, "Flag of Turkmenistan.svg", }, TLS = { name = "East Timor", "Flag of East Timor.svg", }, TOG = { name = "Togo", "Flag of Togo.svg", }, TPE = { name = "Chinese Taipei", {1979, "Flag of the Republic of China.svg"}, "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg", ["Olympics"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg", ["Winter Olympics"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg", ["Asian Para Games"] = "Chinese Taipei Paralympic Flag.svg", ["Summer Paralympics"] = "Chinese Taipei Paralympic Flag.svg", ["Universiade"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Universiade.svg", ["Summer Universiade"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Universiade.svg", ["Winter Universiade"] = "Flag of Chinese Taipei for Universiade.svg", }, TRI = { name = "Trinidad and Tobago", {1958, "Flag of Trinidad and Tobago 1889-1958.svg"}, "Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg", }, TUN = { name = "Tunisia", {1999, "Pre-1999 Flag of Tunisia.svg"}, "Flag of Tunisia.svg", }, TUR = { name = "Turkey", {1936, "Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg"}, "Flag of Turkey.svg", }, TUV = { name = "Tuvalu", "Flag of Tuvalu.svg", }, UAE = { name = "United Arab Emirates", "Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg", }, UAR = { name = "United Arab Republic", "Flag of the United Arab Republic.svg", }, UGA = { name = "Uganda", {1962, "Flag of the Uganda Protectorate.svg"}, "Flag of Uganda.svg", }, UKR = { name = "Ukraine", "Flag of Ukraine.svg", }, URS = { name = "Soviet Union", {1936, "Flag of the Soviet Union (1924–1936).svg"}, {1955, "Flag of the Soviet Union (1936–1955).svg"}, "Flag of the Soviet Union.svg", }, URU = { name = "Uruguay", "Flag of Uruguay.svg", }, USA = { name = "United States", {1896, "US flag 44 stars.svg"}, {1908, "US flag 45 stars.svg"}, {1912, "US flag 46 stars.svg"}, {1959, "US flag 48 stars.svg"}, {1960, "US flag 49 stars.svg"}, "Flag of the United States.svg", ["Summer Olympics"] = { [1912] = "US flag 48 stars.svg", }, }, UZB = { name = "Uzbekistan", "Flag of Uzbekistan.svg", }, VAN = { name = "Vanuatu", "Flag of Vanuatu.svg", }, VEN = { name = "Venezuela", {1930, "Flag of Venezuela (1905–1930).svg"}, {1954, "Flag of Venezuela (1930–1954).svg"}, {2006, "Flag of Venezuela (1954–2006).png"}, "Flag of Venezuela.svg", }, VIE = { name = "Vietnam", {1975, "Flag of South Vietnam.svg"}, "Flag of Vietnam.svg", }, VNM = { name = "South Vietnam", {1975, "Flag of South Vietnam.svg"}, "Flag of Vietnam.svg", }, VOL = { name = "Upper Volta", "Flag of Upper Volta.svg", }, WAL = { name = "Wales", {1952, "Flag of Wales 2.svg"}, {1959, "Flag of Wales (1953-1959).svg"}, "Flag of Wales 2.svg", }, WLF = { name = "Wallis and Futuna", "Flag of Wallis and Futuna.svg", }, WSM = { name = "Western Samoa", "Flag of Samoa.svg", }, YAR = { name = "North Yemen", "Flag of North Yemen.svg", }, YEM = { name = "Yemen", "Flag of Yemen.svg", }, YMD = { name = "South Yemen", "Flag of South Yemen.svg", }, YUG = { name = "Yugoslavia", {1941, "Flag of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.svg"}, {1946, "Flag of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia.svg"}, {1992, "Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg"}, {2002, "Flag of Serbia and Montenegro.svg"}, "Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg", }, ZAI = { name = "Zaire", "Flag of Zaire.svg", }, ZAM = { name = "Zambia", {1953, "Flag of Northern Rhodesia (1939-1953).svg"}, {1963, "Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg"}, {1996, "Flag of Zambia (1964-1996).svg"}, "Flag of Zambia.svg", }, ZIM = { name = "Zimbabwe", {1953, "Flag of Southern Rhodesia.svg"}, {1963, "Flag of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.svg"}, {1968, "Flag of Rhodesia (1964).svg"}, {1978, "Flag of Rhodesia.svg"}, {1979, "Flag of Zimbabwe Rhodesia.svg"}, "Flag of Zimbabwe.svg", }, ZZX = { name = "Mixed team", "Olympic flag.svg", }, } return { countryAliases = countryAliases, countries = countries, } ccw6oy6hd7rn4x5peo868i27i1x5nzr 0 17397 547752 546036 2024-11-28T20:31:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Garba Shu'aibu Gashuwa:''' An haife shi ne a shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai miladiyya (1957) C.E. Ya kasance daga cikin marubuta [[waƙoƙin Hausa]] da ke a raye cikin mawakan [[Hausawa|Hausa na]] wannan zamani. == Rayuwar farko == Alhaji <ref>"Alhaji" (m) or "Hajiya" (f) is a title given to a Muslim who has made a [[Hajj]], a journey to the Holy City of [[Mecca]] that Muslims perform as a religious duty.</ref> Garba Shu'aib Gashuwa, wanda aka fi sani da "Garba Gashuwa", shi ɗan Najeriya ne kuma mawaƙin zamani na [[Hausawa|Hausa]], shi mawaƙi ne ɗan kasuwa ɗan siyasa da kuma mai ritaya farar hula. An haife shi a Gasamu,<ref>About 237 kilometers from Damaturu, the capital of Yobe State, Nigeria</ref> a Ba-rana Jakusko ƙaramar Yankin [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], Arewa maso Gabashin [[Nijeriya]], a shekarata dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da bakwai (1957), mahaifinsa Salisu da mahaifiyarsa Salamatu. Mahaifin GarbaGashuwa ɗan asalin garin Badawa ne (Bade) kuma yana da yara hudu, waɗanda suka haɗa da Sa'idu da Isa da Garba (na uku) sai kuma Musa.<ref>Musa Ɗanbade, Garba's youngest sibling, is a well-known oral singer in Hausaland.</ref> A yau, Garba Gashuwa yana zaune a Kano tare da danginsa kuma yana da ’ya’ya da yawa; a cikinsu akwai Musa Garba Gashuwa, haziƙi kuma mashahurin mawaƙi. == Ilimi == Ya fara da shekaru biyu a lokacin da ya halarci karatun Al'ƙur'ani a Gasamu. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya koma Gashuwa, a inda ya karanci ilimin ''[[hadisi]] da fiqhu'' da sauran fannoni da suka shafi ilimin addinin Musulunci. Garba Gashuwa bai taɓa shiga kowace makarantar boko ba, <ref>Birniwa (1987:502)</ref> amma ya koya daga abokai yadda ake karatu da rubutu a rubutun boko. == Ayyuka == === Kasuwanci === Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya fara kasuwanci a garin Bade yana sayar da littattafan addinin musulunci kamar ''Qawa'idi da Yasin'' ''Arashada'' ''da Iza-waqa da'' Ahalari da ''Dala'ilul Khairati''.<ref>Gashuwa (2008:4)</ref> Baya ga kasancewar sa mai sayar da littattafai, ya kasance a lokaci guda mai sayar da takalmi da ''ɗinkin hula.'' Ya zauna a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] tsawon shekaru don bin waɗannan kasuwancin. == Ayyukan Gwamnati == Sannan yayi wa gwamnatin Gashuwa aiki, bayan ya fara ne daga karshe ya koma Kano ya zauna bisa buƙatar Marigayi Malam [[Aminu Kano]]. Naɗinsa na farko da Gwamnatin Jihar Kano ta yi shi ne a Sashen Al’adu na [http://infodigest-ng.com/directory/kano-state-television-ctv-67 CTV-67] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220195208/http://infodigest-ng.com/directory/kano-state-television-ctv-67 |date=2016-12-20 }}, a lokacin gwamnatin Alhaji Aliyu Sabo Bakin Zuwo.<ref>Gashuwa (2008:4-7)</ref> Ya yi aiki a wurin har zuwa shekarar 1989, lokacin da mai kula da mulkin soja Kanar Idris Garba, ya nemi a tura shi zuwa Ofishin [http://infodigest-ng.com/directory/kano-state-history-and-culture-bureau Tarihi da Al’adu na Jihar Kano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821105941/http://infodigest-ng.com/directory/kano-state-history-and-culture-bureau |date=2016-08-21 }}, inda ya kasance mai ba da shawara. Ya yi aiki a Ofishin har ya zuwa matsayin memba na Kwamitin Daraktocinta, matsayin da ya rike daga shekara ta 1989 zuwa shekara ta 1995. Ya yi ritaya daga aiki a cikin shekara ta 1995, kuma ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa wajen tsara waƙoƙin Hausa a [[Ajami|rubutun Ajami]]. <ref>Gashuwa (2008:6)</ref> == Waƙa == Gashuwa ya samu karɓuwa ne da horo daga Abdu Nguru wani mawaƙi ne, sannan daga baya ya fara a kan batutuwa na Islama kamar: Isra'i ''da Mi'iraj'', da mu'ujizoji da mutuwa (''wafaat'') ta Annabi [[Muhammad]]. Ya na rubuta ayyukansa a rubutun ''Ajami na'' Hausa. Sannan ya fara rubuta waƙoƙin siyasa ne a yayin rangadin yaƙin neman zaɓen Shugaban Kasa na Jam'iyyar Jama'atu ta Kasa, Malam Aminu Kano a shekarar 1978, wanda aka gudanar a [[Gashua]] da kewaye. Sakamakon haka, Aminu Kano ya gayyaci Garba Gashuwa ya zauna a Kano, don ya ci gaba da ba da gudummawarsa ga ci gaban siyasar wancan lokacin.<ref>Gashuwa (2008:5)</ref> Duk lokacin da Gashuwa ya rera wakarsa ta siyasa, masu sauraronsa za su rera waƙa, suna tafa hannayensu.<ref>Birniwa (1987:502)</ref> Baya ga addini da siyasa, Gashuwa ya yi rubuce- rubuce kan wasu batutuwa, kuma ya zuwa yanzu, yana da fiye da 1,000 na waƙoƙin ''Ajami na'' Hausa. == Jigogi da yare da salon waƙoƙin Gashuwa == Da farko, mawaƙan Hausa sun yi amfani da ma'aunin waƙa na Larabci guda goma sha shida (16) kuma har yanzu suna amfani da su. A yau, wasu mawaƙa suna zaɓar salo da jigogi na zamani, kodayake tasirin waƙoƙin Larabci har yanzu yana bayyane. Gashuwa ya gina mafi yawan waƙinsa ne bisa ga waƙoƙin fitaccen mawaƙin nan na ƙasar Hausa, [[Mahaman Shata|Dakta Mamman Shata]] na [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], tare da jigogin da suka haɗa da addini da siyasa da al'amuran zamantakewar al'umma da ilimi da al'adun gargajiya. Ta hanyar amfani da harshe da kayan waƙa, "yaren wakansa ya zama mai sauƙi kuma ya dace da Hausawa su fahimta". <ref>Birniwa (1987:518-519)</ref> Hakanan yana amfani da kalmomin aro na larabci da na Turanci da [[karin magana]] da [[Karin magana|maganganu marasa]] ma'ana don bayyana ma'anarsa. Ko da yaushe Gashuwa yana buɗewa kuma ya rufe waƙa tare da wani doxology, babu kome da motif. Wani lokacin waƙoƙin nasa su kasance tare da tafa hannu. Garba Gashuwa "ya kamata a rera waƙoƙin siyasa mai tasiri cikin murya mai daɗi, tare da tafa hannu, kuma ya kamata ta ƙunshi karin magana"; tabbas hakan zai ja hankalin masu sauraro. <ref>Birniwa (1987:503)</ref> A ƙasa akwai misalin karin magana a cikin ''wakarsa'' mai suna ''Ɗan Hakin da ka Raina'', " ''Littlearamar ciyawar da'' kuka raina". Wannan ''baitin'' yana cikin ''siga biyar'', yanayin pentastich, tare da “bᾱ” azaman waƙar waje.{{Verse translation|"Verse No. 7" (Hausa Text) {{lang|ha-Latn|Ko shī mᾱ rᾱƙumin dawᾱ yai wani zancē, :Cikin maganᾱtai ta bᾱya mu munka karancē, ::Yanᾱ Allah wadai da naka in yᾱ lᾱlᾱcē, :::Ganin na gidᾱ nᾱ ta turƙusō yᾱ gīgīcē, ::::Allah wadaran abin da bᾱ hairī nᾱ bᾱ.}}|The bush camel (giraffe) made a certain statement, :in a past speech, which we read, ::in which he said, "God curse your brother for demeaning himself", :::When in perplexity, he saw the domestic kneeling down and being loaded, ::::May God curse a bad thing such as this.}} Wannan yanayin yana nuna karin magana a cikin harshen Hausa wanda ke cewa: ::: {{Lang|ha-Latn|Allah wadan naka ya lalace, in ji raƙumin dawa, day a ga ana labtawa na gida kaya.}} :::: " Karka zagi ɗan'uwanka saboda ya kaskantar da kansa", kamar yadda rakumin daji (rakumin daji) ya fada, lokacin da ya ga rakumin gida dauke da kaya mai nauyi.<ref>Birniwa, (1987:506-510)</ref> Garba Gashuwa ya buga ''Fasahar Garba Gashuwa'', "Wakokin Garba Gashuwa" (an fassara shi daga Ajami zuwa rubutun ''Boko''), Anthology, wanda ya ƙunshi 30 daga cikin wakokinsa da yawa, wanda Farfesa Abdulƙadir Ɗangambo na [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero, Kano ya shirya.]] (2008), kuma aka buga shi a [[Zariya|Zariya, Jihar Kaduna]], Nijeriya. === Yanayin aiki === Akwai takardar karatu ta digiri (a cikin harshen Hausa) a kan gudummawar da ya bayar wa adabin Hausa, wacce Amina Tijjani ta Jami’ar Bayero ta rubuta a shekara ta 1990. Akwai babban shafi a darasin karatun digiri na biyu na Abdullahi Birniwa, a shekara ta 1987, Jami'ar Usman Danfodio, Sakkwato, Nijeriya, wanda ke nazarin Ɗ''an Hakin da ka Raina'', wanda aka kawo a sama. Da wani kundin karatun digirin digirgir na Jibril Shu'aibu Adamu na Jami'ar Warsaw, Poland, da ya yi amfani da waƙarsa a matsayin ɓangare na kayan aikin da ake nazari. == Wasu daga cikin waƙoƙinsa == ''Han Hakin da ka Raina'' The ( ''littleananan'' ciyawar da kuka raina…) ''Aminu Nuruz Zamᾱni'' ( ''Wahala'' ga Malam Aminu Kano) <ref>According to Birniwa (1987:503), this particular poem influenced the public to a greater extent than any other of his poems.</ref> ''A Jihar Kano mun sam Nasara'' (Mun ci nasara a Jihar Kano) ''Mu'aujizar Manzon Allah (SA W)'' ( ''Mu'ujizozin'' Annabi (SAW)) ''Aikin Hajji'' ( ''Aikin Hajji'' ) ''Ta'aziyyar Tsohon Gwamnan Kano Alhaji Aliyu Sabo Bakin Zuwo'' ( ''Waƙar Makokin'' Marigayi Gwamnan Kano, Alhaji Aliyu Sabo Bakin Zuwo) T ''a'aziyar Tsohon Shugaban Ƙasar Najeriya Janaral Sani Abacha'' ( ''Wakar Baƙin Cikin Tsohon Shugaban Generalasa'' Janar Sani Abacha. ''Rabu da Faɗin Mutum'' (Bari su ce) ''Cin Hanci Haramun ne'' ( ''Cin hanci da rashawa doka'' ce ta haramtacciya) ''Tsafta Cikon Addini ce'' (Tsafta Cikan Addini ne) ''<nowiki/>'Yan Tagwayen Jam'iyyu'' ( ''Tagwayen'' Jam'iyyun Siyasar SDP & NRC ) ''Ilimi Garkuwa Ɗan'adam'' (Ilimi, Garkuwan Dan Adam) ''Ilimi Makamin Bawa'' (Ilimi, Makamin Bawa) ''Ilimi Cikar Ɗan'adam'' (Ilimi, ''Cikewar'' 'Dan Adam) ''Munafurcin Karen Ruwa Jami'in AP P.'' (Munafuncin Ottur, Jam'iyyar APP) ''Mashaya Giya'' ( ''Masu Shaye Shaye'' ) ''Halayen Wasu Mata da Maza'' (Halayyar Wasu Mata da Maza) ''Matan Aure Hattara Dai!'' (Matan gida su yi hankali) == Bayanan kula == {{Reflist|30em}} == Manazarta == * Birniwa, HA 1987. 'Conservatism da Dissent: Nazarin Nazari na NPC / NPN da NEPU / PRP Ayar Siyasar Hausa daga Circa 1946 t0 1983'. Rubutun PhD wanda ba a buga ba. Sashen Harsunan Najeriya. Sakkwato: Jami’ar Sakkwato. * Gashuwa, G. 2008. Fasahar Garba Gashuwa. Zaria: Amana Publishing Limited. * Piłaszewicz, S. 1985. "Littattafai a cikin Harsunan Hausa" a cikin Littattafai a cikin Harsunan Afirka: Bayanai na Ka'idoji da Nazarin Sample, Andrzejewski, BW et al. (eds). Warsaw: Gidan Wallafa na Wiedza Powszechna, shafi na 190-254. * Sa'id, B. 1983/85. “Tsarin Ayoyi Na Wakokin Hausa.” In Harsunan girma, Vol. XIII, (shafi na.&nbsp;49-78). CSNL. Kano: Jami’ar Bayero. * Schuh, RG 1987. "Zuwa ga Nazarin Metrical na Ayar Hausa Prosody" Mutadaarik ". Takardar da aka gabatar a Taro na goma sha takwas na Cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan Afirka 'a' Quebec a Montreal. * Tijjani, A. 1990. “Garba Gashuwa da Wa canza yanayinsa.” BA Hausa Dissertation. Kano: Jami’ar Bayero. * Zima, P. 1974. 'Digraphia: Shari'ar Hausa' a Harshe: Nazarin Kasashen Duniya, 124. Netherlands: Mouton & Co. <\https://aminiya.dailytrust.com/na-je-hajji-sau-goma-a-dalilin-waka-garba-gashuwa<nowiki/>/> . <\https://eng.ichacha.net/mzj/garba%20gashuwa.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008222141/https://eng.ichacha.net/mzj/garba%20gashuwa.html |date=2021-10-08 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008222141/https://eng.ichacha.net/mzj/garba%20gashuwa.html |date=2021-10-08 }}<nowiki/>/> [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Najeriya]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1957]] [[Category:Mawaka]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] po2dv7eim2p4pqs1m8err3ry0rv3emb 0 18902 547688 543391 2024-11-28T19:30:26Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Figura_de_Fara%C3%B3n_-_A740811.jpg |thumb|Siffar Fir'auna ]] [[File:On_the_shoulder_of_Ramesses_II.jpg |thumb|A kafadar Ramesses na II ]] '''Fir'auna''' sun kasance sarakunan tsohuwar Misira . <ref>see [[Hatshepsut]].</ref> Kalmar ta fito ne daga kalmar yare ta Coptic ''Per-aa'', wanda ke nufin "Babban [[Gida]] ". An yi imani cewa Fir'auna sun fito daga zuriyar Allolin. 'Yan Adam na farko sun rayu [[Nil|kwarin Kogin Nilu aƙalla shekaru 700,000.]] <ref>Kendrickx, Stan & Vermeersch, Pierre 2000. Prehistory: from the palaeolithic to the Badarian culture. In Shaw, Ian (ed) ''The Oxford history of ancient Egypt''.</ref> Yankin yana da tarihin wayewar ɗan [[Adam]], amma Masar a matsayin ƙasa ta fara ne kusan 5660&nbsp;BC . <ref>Bard, Kathryn A. (2000) The emergence of the Egyptian state. In Shaw, Ian (ed) ''The Oxford History of ancient Egypt''.</ref> A wannan lokacin, masarautun daban na Manya da [[Egyptananan]] Misira sun haɗu. Mutanen da ke nazarin tarihin Masar sun raba Fir'aunan zuwa ƙungiyoyi talatin da daya (31). waɗanda ake kira dauloli . Waɗannan daulolin yawanci, amma ba koyaushe ba, suna dogara ne da rukunin dangi. A tsawon lokacin da Fir'auna ya yi yana mulkin Masar, akwai lokacin da ba su mallaki kasar baki daya ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa wasu dauloli suna iko da wani yanki ne kawai na ƙasar, kuma wani daular ya mulki wani bangare a lokaci guda. Hakanan babu cikakkun bayanai, saboda haka akwai gibi a cikin jerin sunayen fir'auna, kuma zai iya zama da wahala sosai a lissafa masu mulki bisa tsarin lokaci. Asalin fir'aunonin farko sun wanzu ne kawai kamar almara . Kafin haɗuwar Manya da ƙananan Misira, sarakuna suna sanya rawanin kamanni daban-daban, don nuna wane yanki na Misira suke mulki. An saka jan kambi a [[Egyptasar]] [[Misira]]. An saka farin kambi a Misira ta sama. Daga baya, sarakunan ɗaukacin Misira na d wore a sun sa rawanin rawanin guda biyu, wanda ake kira da Pschent . Lokacin da fir'auna ya mutu, an binne dukiyar su tare da su; ba dukiyar duk mulkin ba. Fir'aunawan sun binne a manyan kaburbura, mafi girma kuma mafi shahara shine [[Giza Necropolis|Pyramids]] . Fir'auna da yawa daga baya an binne su a [[Valley of the Kings|kwarin sarakuna]] . Zane da 08080160327 rubuce da aka gano a waɗannan kaburburan sun ba da yawancin iliminmu game da fir'auna. Sabbin abubuwan da aka gano, irin su a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu 2014 na sabuwar daular da wani fir'auna da ba a san shi ba, Senebkay, ke canzawa abin da muka sani game da Misira ta da. Sun kasance galibi maza ne, amma akwai mata kamar Cleopatra da Nefertiti . Fir'auna an ɗauke su rabin mutum ne kuma rabin [[Allah]]. Fir'auna na farko shine Narmer, kodayake baiyi amfani da kalmar ba. Misarawa sun yi imanin cewa fir'aunan su shine gumakan Horus . Fir'auna suna da mata da yawa amma mata ɗaya ne kawai sarauniya. == Shafuka masu alaƙa == * Jerin sunayen fir'auna * Jerin Abydos na Sarki * Jerin sunayen Karnak * Dutse na Palermo * Jerin Sarki na Turin == Manazarta == [[Category:Misra]] [[Category:Tarihi]] [[Category:Tarihin Afrika]] sg5f79vuevsk9r267ogb4bws2k48bnw 0 20620 547751 358616 2024-11-28T20:30:14Z Saudarh2 14842 547751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya a garin Yola wacce a''' yanzu ake kira da [http://mautech.edu.ng Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416225553/http://www.mautech.edu.ng/ |date=2019-04-16 }}, babbar [[jami'a]] ce mai zurfin bincike da ke Girei wani gari a [[Adamawa|jihar Adamawa]] dake Arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Tana ɗaya daga tsarin jami'o'in gwamnatin tarayya guda 27 kuma ɗaya daga cikin jami'o'in 4 na fasaha na tarayya da aka kafa tare da manufar kawai don haɓaka tushen ilimin kimiyya. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola ta sami amincewar Hukumar Kula da Jami'o'in Kasa . Jami'ar na ba da aboki, digiri, na biyu, da kuma digiri na PhD . == Bayan Fage == A 1980, Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya dangane da bukatar da ake da ita a kasar nan na samun kwararrun ma'aikata, ta kafa wasu Jami'oi bakwai wadanda za su kasance a Abeokuta, Akure, Bauchi, Makurdi, Minna, Owerri da Yola Farfesa Ethelbert N. Chukwu, masanin lissafi kuma ma’aikacin Jami’ar Jos an nada shi Mataimakin Shugaban Jami’ar Yola na farko a 1981. Mai martaba, Alhaji Kabir Usman, Sarkin Katsina, ya zama Kansila na farko yayin da mai martaba, Alhaji Kabir Umar, Sarkin Katagum, aka nada Pro-Kansila da Shugaban Karamar Hukumar. A shekarar 1983, Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) ta karɓi rukunin farko na ɗalibai 214 a yayin zaman karatun 1982/83 zuwa Makarantar Kimiyyar Gudanarwa da Tsarin Kimiyyar Remedial. [[Muhammadu Buhari|A watan Yunin 1984, Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Gwamnatin Tarayya karkashin Janar Buhari ta]] hade da Jami’ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) da Jami’ar Maiduguri, kuma har yanzu ana kiranta da suna Modibbo Adama College, Jami’ar Maiduguri. An tura mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar daga Jami'ar Maiduguri don ya jagoranci kwalejin. A cikin 1986, Gwamnatin Soja ta Tarayya a karkashin Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] saboda bukatar da ake da ita na samar da karfi na mutane da ke da alaka da kere-kere, ta fitar da doka mai lamba No.13 1986 inda aka lalata Jami'oi biyar kuma aka kafa su Jami'o'in Fasaha na Tarayya. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya, Yola (FUTY) an cire ta daga [[Jami'ar Maiduguri]], kuma an nada Dokta Tijani Suleiman (daga baya Farfesa) Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar kuma ya fara aiki a watan Afrilu 1988. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) ta fara cikakken aiki a matsayin Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya kuma ta yaye dalibanta na farko da suka kai 108 a zama na 1988/89. Jami'ar ta fara shirye-shiryen karatun digiri a karkashin makarantu hudu wadanda suka hada da: Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasaha (SSTE), Makarantar Injiniya da Fasahar Injiniya (SEET), Makarantar Kimiyyar Muhalli (SES) da Makarantar Noma da Fasahar Noma (SAAT). A cikin burinta na bin babban burinta na farko (fasaha don ci gaba) ta fara ba da kyautar shirye-shiryen Postgraduate ta hanyar ƙirƙirar Makarantar Karatun Digiri na biyu (SPGS) da kuma faɗaɗa tsofaffin makarantu da kafa sababbi. Wadannan sun hada da: Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Ilimi (SSTE) an fadada ta zuwa Makarantar Tsabta da Kimiyyar Aiyuka (SPAS) da Makarantar Fasaha da Ilimin Kimiyya (STSE) yayin da Makarantar Gudanarwa da Fasahar Sadarwa (SMIT) ta kasance sabuwar kafa. A halin yanzu, Jami'ar tana ba da izinin shiga cikin karatun digiri, digiri na biyu da shirye-shiryen tuntuba ciki har da difloma da shirye-shiryen takaddun shaida, ilimin nesa da shirye-shiryen gurasar. Jami'ar na tallata dukkan shirye-shiryenta wanda za'a iya shigar da dalibai a cikin takardun UME / DE JAMB da kuma a kan manyan labarai na kasa, Talabijan da tashoshin Rediyo, Kwamitocin Sanarwarta kuma ba shakka, a shafin yanar gizon ta. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) tana da matukar daraja ga rikodin rikodin ta a yankuna daban-daban tsakanin sauran cibiyoyin manyan makarantu musamman a Nijeriya da Afirka gaba ɗaya. Misali, Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) ita ce ta farko kuma ita ce kadai jami'a a Najeriya da ke ba da Aikin Bincike a matakin Digiri na farko (kuma tana gudanar da shirin a cikin kwas din har zuwa matakin digirgir). Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) ita ce kuma jami'a ta farko a Nijeriya da ta fara ba da lambar yabo ta digiri na farko a Fasahar Sadarwa da Sadarwa. Duk waɗannan sun jawo hankalin sanannun saka hannun jari daga kamfanoni na gida da na duniya da ƙungiya a cikin tallafin bincike da sauran kayan ilimi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da cibiyar fasahar kere-kere ta CHEVRON, ita kaɗai ce irinta a duk yankin yankin Saharar Afirka, wanda CHEVRON NIG ya gina kuma ya ba da kuɗi. LTD., Ericsson Cibiyar Horarwa da Bincike ta GSM, wacce kamfanin Ericsson, PROF ya gina kuma ya tallafawa. Cibiyar ICT ta JIBRIN AMINU, wacce Ministan Ilimi na lokaci daya, Ministan Man Fetur, Ambasadan Nijeriya a Amurka ya gina kuma ta wadata shi kuma a yanzu haka Sanata ne mai wakiltar gundumar Yola, Hukumar Sadarwa ta Najeriya (NCC) Cybercafé, ayyukan Gidauniyar Amintaccen Ilimi. ambaci amma kaɗan. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola tana alfahari da wurare da yawa waɗanda ke matsayin bincike, jindadin ɗalibai, da hutu da kuma dalilai na ilimi da horo. wadannan sun hada da: Lodges na Jami'a, Makarantun Firamare da Sakandare, Gidan Baƙin Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) Teburin Ruwa, Jami'ar Tarayya ta Fasaha ta Yola (FUTY) Farm, cibiyar bincike ta Ericsson, CHEVRON Biotech Center, Veterinary Clinic and Research Center, Cibiyar Computer, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya, Cibiyar Koyon Nisa, Cibiyar Kula da Kayan aiki da Horar da Masana'antu, Cibiyar Dalibai, Cibiyar Fastocin Jami'a da dama, Cibiyar Wasannin Jami'a, Cibiyar ICT, da sauransu. Daliban da suka kammala karatu a jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) sun kasance a kan gaba a bangaren halaye da ilmantarwa a bangarori daban-daban na tattalin arzikin Najeriya da ma bayan yankunan Najeriya. Sanannen mutum daga cikinsu shi ne Mista Frank Nweke Jnr., Tsohon Ministan Labarai, tsohon Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida kuma mai ba da shawara na musamman ga Shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya kan Jam’iyyun Siyasar Tsakanin. Jami'ar tana da Ofishin Dangantaka na Tsoffin tsofaffi, a ƙarƙashin Ofishin Mataimakin Shugaban, wanda ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ag. Mai gudanarwa. Ofishin tsoffin daliban yana da alaƙa ne da ƙungiyoyin tsoffin ɗalibai a duk faɗin duniya don sha'awar Jami'ar ta ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin Tsoffin Jami'o'in Fasaha ta Yola (FUTY) waɗanda ke nan kuma suna tallafawa kafa ƙungiyoyin tsofaffin ɗalibai inda ba sa nan. Alungiyar tsofaffin ɗaliban Jami’ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) suna da hedkwatar duniya a Yola, Nijeriya da ƙungiyoyin tsofaffin ɗalibai a jihohi da yawa a Nijeriya, Ingila, Amurka da sauran sassan duniya. Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) tun kafuwarta a 1983 ta yaye saiti 15 a bukukuwan taro 15 kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Kwaleji biyar ne suka gudanar da ita. Manyan jami'anta sun hada da Mataimakin Shugaban Kwalejin (Kwalejin Ilimi), Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban (Gudanarwa), Magatakarda, Bursar, Daraktan Sashin Tsara Ilimin Ilimi, Daraktan Sashin Shirya Jiki, Daraktan Ayyuka, Daraktan Kafa, Daraktan Rijistar Ilimi, da na Hakika Jami'ar Laburaren. Jami'ar a yanzu haka tana da Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a a cikin mutumin Prof. BH Usman, Farfesa ne a fannin samar da taki da sarrafa taki, wanda kuma ya taba zama Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a (Gudanarwa) a gwamnatin da ta gabata. Tsarin gudanarwa na Jami'ar ya ƙunshi Majalisar da Majalisar Dattawa. Majalisar Gudanarwa ita ce babbar hukuma da ke tsara manufofi a Jami'ar. Yana da ikon yin dokoki don babban tsarin gudanarwa na Jami'ar da kuɗaɗen ta. Pro-Chancellor kuma Shugaban Majalisar a madadin Ambasada Bukar Mele, kuma wasu membobin Gwamnatin Tarayya ce ke nada su, bisa la’akari da cancantar da suke da ita na sanin kwarewar su a bangarorin gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu, yayin da wasu kuma aka zaba daga cikin Jami’ar. watau daga majalisar dattijai, tsofaffin ɗalibai, Taro da Taro. Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a wanda shine Babban Shugabancin Gwamnatin Tarayya ce ke nada shi. Majalisar dattijai tana da babban iko akan duk al'amuran ilimi na Jami'ar. Ya ƙunshi Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'a, a matsayin Shugaba, Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Kwaleji, Shugabannin Makarantu, dukkan furofesoshi, Jami'in Laburaren Jami'a, Wakilan Kwamitin Makaranta da waɗanda Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar ya nada bisa ga dokar Jami'ar. Jami'ar tana da yanayi mai kyau mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali, mai sada zumunci da karɓar baƙi da kuma wuraren shakatawa da ayyuka da yawa (wasanni, kulake, ƙungiyoyi, al'ummomi, da dai sauransu. ). Mataimakin shugaban jami'ar na yanzu Farfesa Abdullahi Liman Tukur. Ya gaji daga karshe Mataimakin shugaban gwamnati wanda ya kare a watan Yunin 2019. == Bayani == 1.Jonathan renames Federal varsity, Yola". ''Vanguard News''. 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2020-03-09. 2. Wakili, Abednego (2019-10-23). "Nigerian govt plans to convert MAUTECH to conventional university". EduCeleb. Retrieved 2021-05-25. 3. "10 universities of technology in Nigeria and their rankings". Pulse Nigeria. 2018-04-19. Retrieved 2020-03-09. 4. "About MAUTECH". mautech.edu.ng. Retrieved 2021-05-25. 5. "7-Business: Chevron build biotech centre in Nigeria". www.gene.ch. Retrieved 2020-03-09. 7. "VC's Profile". mautech.edu.ng. Retrieved 2021-05-25. * https://web.archive.org/web/20150426070234/http://www.nuc.edu.ng/pages/universities.asp * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100211204755/http://www.futy.edu.ng/index.html https://web.archive.org/web/20100211204755/http://www.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100211204755/http://www.futy.edu.ng/index.html Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) .edu.ng / index.html] Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Yola (FUTY) .edu.ng [[Category:Jami'o'i a Nijeriya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:jami'o'in Fasaha a Najeriya]] [[Category:kwalejin Fasaha a Najeriya]] ow67d21n8x1jwq3fad6ii1y4jk22wpr 0 21099 547627 547465 2024-11-28T18:18:30Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shehu Dikko''' (an haife shi a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]] ) shi ne mai kula da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a [[Nijeriya]]]. Shi ne Shugaban Kamfanin Gudanar da Kungiyar wanda ke da alhakin kula da Kungiyar Kwallan Kafa ta Najeriya.Ya taba zama mai ba da shawara ga majalisar wakilan Najeriya kan kwamitin wasanni.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2016/06/17/24721532/football-can-grow-the-nigerian-economy-lmc-boss-shehu-dikko|title=Football can grow the Nigerian economy – LMC boss Shehu Dikko {{!}} Goal.com|last=Ahmadu|first=Samuel|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2014/12/28/shehu-dikko-appointed-new-league-management-company-boss/|title=Shehu Dikko appointed new League Management Company boss|last=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2014-12-28|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2015/12/03/npfl-22-other-leagues-form-world-leagues-association-in-france/|title=NPFL, 22 other leagues form World Leagues Association in France|last=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2015-12-03|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://footballlive.ng/the-lmc-la-liga-u-15-will-be-a-continuous-events-shehu-dikko/|title=The LMC / La Liga U 15 will be a continuous events . Shehu Dikko|last=Adeyanju|first=Kola|date=2019-04-29|website=Latest football news in Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30|archive-date=2019-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430220749/https://footballlive.ng/the-lmc-la-liga-u-15-will-be-a-continuous-events-shehu-dikko/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/04/30/dikko-adepoju-count-gains-of-npfl-laliga-u-15-tournament/|title=Dikko, Adepoju Count Gains of NPFL/LaLiga U-15 Tournament|last=editor|date=2019-04-30|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref>. == Rayuwar mutum da ilimi == An haifi Dikko a [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]], [[Najeriya]] . Ya halarci [[jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] inda ya karanci Quantity Surveying kuma ya kammala a BSc. Ya kuma yi difloma a fannin gudanarwa daga wannan jami'ar. Bayan haka ya sami digirinsa na biyu na harkokin kasuwanci daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] . == Ayyuka == Shehu Dikko ya kasance kafin shiga harkar kwallon kafan kwararru yana aiki a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu tsakanin shekara ta alif1991 da shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha hudu 2004. A shekara ta 2004, lokacin da ya shiga harkar kwallon kafa a Najeriya ya fara a matsayin [[FIFA]] Goal Project Manager na najeriya tare da shirya yawon shakatawa da yawa tsakanin Portsmouth FC da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] tare da [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars FC]].A shekara ta 2008, an dauki Shehu Dikko matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kwamitin wasanni a Majalisar Wakilan Najeriya inda ya yi aiki har zuwa 2011.Yayin da yake mai ba gwamnati shawara,ya taimaka wajen tsara dokar Hukumar Wasanni ta Kasa a [[Majalisar Najeriya|Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa]] . A shekara ta 2012 aka nada shi sakataren kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Super Eagles]] Bonus Row da kuma ka'idojin tsara ayyuka har zuwa shekara ta 2013.A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2014,ya yi takarar shugabancin NFF amma ya janye takararsa kafin a gudanar da zabe a hukumance. A ranar 26 ga Disamban shekara ta 2014,an nada shi Shugaban Kamfanin Gudanar da League na Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aitonline.tv//post-fct_infrastructural_development__engineering_work_on_katampe_district_satisfactory|title=FCT INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT: ENGINEERING WORK ON KATAMPE DISTRICT SATISFACTORY|website=aitonline.tv|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/44389.html|title=N5.4bn Broadcast Deal For Nigerian League|last=Legit.ng|date=2013-08-20|website=Legit.ng – Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/local/categories/news/league-management-company-has-the-backing-of-the-nigerian-government/542743|title=League Management Company has the backing of the Nigerian Government|website=KickOff|access-date=2019-04-30|archive-date=2019-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430203937/https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/local/categories/news/league-management-company-has-the-backing-of-the-nigerian-government/542743|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2014/10/02/governor-uduaghan-accused-bribing-football-federation-voters-select-his-wifes-brother|title=Governor Uduaghan Accused Of Bribing Football Federation Voters To Select His Wife's Brother As President|date=2014-10-02|website=Sahara Reporters|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/nff-presidential-election-the-5-men-and-their-mission|title=NFF presidential election: The 5 men and their mission|date=2014-09-24|website=TheCable|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2014/10/02/governor-uduaghan-accused-bribing-football-federation-voters-select-his-wifes-brother|title=Governor Uduaghan Accused Of Bribing Football Federation Voters To Select His Wife's Brother As President|date=2014-10-02|website=Sahara Reporters|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/29416364|title=Pinnick elected Nigeria Football Federation president|date=2014-09-30|access-date=2019-04-30|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2014/12/27/7439252/shehu-dikko-is-new-league-management-company-boss|title=Shehu Dikko is new League Management Company boss {{!}} Goal.com|last=Ahmadu|first=Samuel|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/lmc-reappoints-dikko-as-chairman-irabor-others-independent-directors/|title=LMC reappoints Dikko as chairman, Irabor, others independent directors|website=guardian.ng|access-date=2019-04-30|archive-date=2019-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430213951/https://guardian.ng/sport/lmc-reappoints-dikko-as-chairman-irabor-others-independent-directors/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/04/05/lmcs-egm-reappoints-dikko-independent-directors/|title=LMC’s EGM Reappoints Dikko, Independent Directors|last=editor|date=2019-04-04|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2019 an sake nada Shehu Dikko a matsayin Shugaban Kamfanin Gudanar da Kungiyar. == Umurnin kotu == A ranar goma Sha tara 19 ga Afrilun shekara ta dubu biyu da goma Sha shida. 2016,Dikko ya ba da umarnin dakatar da Giwa FC bayan da kungiyar ta karya dokokin NPFL da dama daga cikin tuhumar akwai kuma cin zarafin alkalin wasa da sauran jami’ai yayin wasa.Bayan dakatarwar,kungiyar Giwa FC ta maka LMC da Shehu Dikko kara a gaban wata babbar kotun tarayya da ke [[Plateau (jiha)|jihar Filato]].A ranar 16 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2016 kotu ta umarci Shehu Dikko da ya maida Giwa FC cikin NPFL. A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2016, wata babbar kotun tarayya da ke [[Jos|Jos ta]] ba da umarnin a kamo Dikko saboda rashin dawo da Giwa FC Daga baya an nemi ya bayyana a gaban kotun kuma lokacin da ya ki bayyana a kotun,kotun ta yanke hukuncin daurin makonni biyu ga Shehu Dikko.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2016/09/22/lmc-chairman-shehu-dikko-declared-wanted/|title=LMC chairman, Shehu Dikko declared wanted|last=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2016-09-22|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/09/dikko-declared-wanted/|title=Dikko declared wanted!|last=adekunle|date=2016-09-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-30}}</ref>. == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Kaduna]] [[Category:Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] [[Category:'Yan wasan Kano Pillars F.C.]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] plo2rbjqer9wwg3mgleo7p8tb70z5k4 0 21572 547775 492080 2024-11-28T20:48:13Z Saudarh2 14842 547775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Motorways road, Ikosi, Lagos.jpg|thumb|Hanyar Moto Na okosi]] '''Ikosi''' Babban gari ne a cikin [[Kosofe|karamar hukumar Kosofe]] ta [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] . Mazauna yankin sun mayar da harajinsu ga Mataimakin Hakimin Gundumar Ikeja, Mista EJGibbond ta hannun Cif Yesufu Taiwo, wanda shi ne Onikosi a shekarar 1939. [[Najeriya]]. Obas na masarautar Ikosi sune manyan sarakunan masarautar Kosofe. ==Tarihi== ===Hedkwata=== [[File:Adedayo Ojo, ceo caritas communication limited in nigeria.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi, hedikwatar kula da kauyuka bakwai da suka hada da Kosofe, an kafa ta ne a karni na sha biyar 15, wanda Aina Ejo, dan na bakwai na Akanbiogun, basarake kuma mayaki a Ile-Ife wanda ya taba zama a Iwaye Quarters a Ota (Jihar Ogun). Daga baya ya bar Ota don zama ƙasar budurwa. ===Al'ummar ikosi=== 'Yan asalin Ikosi sun fito ne daga kabilar Awori na Yarabawa kuma suna da karimci da kuma mutane masu son zaman lafiya. Tatsuniyar gargajiya tana nuna cewa sunan 'Ikosi' wani ɗan gajeren tsari ne na faɗin 'Kosi Kosi' wanda ke nufin maganar magabata na farko ga baƙi cewa ba su taɓa tara kayansu daga baƙi. A al'adance su manoma ne. ===Masarauta=== [[File:Motorways road, Ikosi, Lagos.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Aina Ejo wacce ta kafa masarautar Ikosi ta haifi Taiwo da Kehinde a shekarar 1795, Kehinde ta haifi Bakare Onikosi, Rufai Oloyede da sauransu Taiwo-Olowo sun haifi Yesufu Oke Taiwo, Joseph Ogunlana Taiwo, Funmilayo Taiwo kuma na karshe wanda ya zama Sarki na farko a mulkin Ikosi na wannan zamanin - Oba Adegboyega Taiwo (Akeja Oniyanru I) wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1901 kuma ya yi mulki tsakanin shekarar 1996 da 2006. Ya kasance Shugaba na asali kuma Oba Bashua na Somolu ya kasance mataimakin shugaban Kwamitin Masarautar ta karamar hukumar Somolu har zuwa shekara ta 1996. Bayan an kirkiro da Karamar Hukumar Kosofe, ya ci gaba da rike mukamin shugabanci kafin nadin sarautar da kuma nada Oba Bashiru Olountoyin Saliu, Oba na Oworonshoki wanda ya wakilce shi a 1998. Oba Adegboyega Taiwo (Akeja Oniyanru I) ya maye gurbin Oba Samuel Alamu Kehinde Onikosi (Edun-Arobadi 1) a ranar Talata 24 ga watan yuli, shekarar 2007. ==Tattalin arziki== Yawan Ikosi da Is tattalin arziki sun kasance abin la'akari lokacin da aka kirkiro Ikosi / Isheri LCDA. [[File:Historic Link Between Mile 12 and Outer Lagos. Ketu - Ikorudu Road.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi is the secretariat of Ikosi-Isheri Development Council and home to the largest fruit and vegetable market in Lagos, which was created in 1979. ==Iyaka== Ikosi tana iyaka da manyan tituna biyu a cikin [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]]. Babban titin Legas zuwa Ibadan ya kasance wata jijiya ce da ta hada Legas da sauran sassan kasar. Garuruwa Hanya ta Legas zuwa Ikorodu ita ma ta tashi daga Jibowu ta hanyar Ikosi zuwa [[Ikorodu]]. Lambar Post na Ikosi ita ce 100246 All Saints' Anglican Parish Church, the headquarter of Ikosi Archdeaconry of the Diocese of Lagos West of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) stands right along the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway. [[File:Ikosi road 2.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi shine shafin TV Continental (tsohon GOTEL UHF 65), gidan talabijin da Radio na Continental 103.3FM (tsohon LINK FM), gidan rediyo. Wani harabar kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar Legas ta kasance a Ikosi. Cibiyar Ci Gaban Gudanarwa (CMD) kuma tana cikin Ikosi. ==Shahararru mutane== Fitattun 'yan asalin Ikosi wadanda suka yi shekaru sun haɗa da; # Prince Olaolu Taiwo (kansila a Jamhuriya ta Biyu 2) # Prince Atanda Jimoh (shi ma kansila ne a lokacin) # Prince Alamu Taiwo. wanda ya taka rawa wajen sanya Cocin All Saints' Parish Anglican, # Manjo Kayode Taiwo ( Rtd)., Arc (Yarima) Ademola Taiwo, tsohon sakatare na dindindin (PPUD) a cikin Gwamnatin Legas. Hon Prince Owolabi Taiwo shi ma kansila ne kuma daga baya ya hau kujerar Shugaban Karamar Hukumar Ikosi, ta Jihar Legas. Bayanai sun nuna cewa basaraken Ikosi basaraken ya ki yin watsi da ci gaban Ikosi / Isheri don son ransa yayin da yake kan mulki hakan yasa ya zama shugaban mashahuran mashahuci kuma daya daga cikin hazikan masu kishin jihar Legas. Jiha. <ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/09/impeachment-saga-rocks-lagos-council/</ref> ==Mulki== Shugabannin da sukayi mulki a ikosi sun haɗa da; {| class="wikitable" |+ Sarakuna |- ! Suna !! Shekara |- | Aina Ejo || |- | Bakare Onikosi || |- | Yesufu Oke Taiwo || 1936 |- | Rufai Oloyede kehinde || |- | Adegboyega Taiwo-Asalu || 1966 |- | Alamu Oloyede || 2007 zuwa yau |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0b55cblbmgpzsu51jczfe6v9se1f3fk 547782 547775 2024-11-28T20:51:14Z Saudarh2 14842 547782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Motorways road, Ikosi, Lagos.jpg|thumb|Hanyar Moto Na okosi]] '''Ikosi''' Babban gari ne a cikin [[Kosofe|karamar hukumar Kosofe]] ta [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] . Mazauna yankin sun mayar da harajinsu ga Mataimakin Hakimin Gundumar Ikeja, Mista EJGibbond ta hannun Cif Yesufu Taiwo, wanda shi ne Onikosi a shekarar 1939. [[Najeriya]]. Obas na masarautar Ikosi sune manyan sarakunan masarautar Kosofe. ==Tarihi== ===Hedkwata=== [[File:Adedayo Ojo, ceo caritas communication limited in nigeria.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi, hedikwatar kula da kauyuka bakwai da suka hada da Kosofe, an kafa ta ne a karni na sha biyar 15, wanda Aina Ejo, dan na bakwai na Akanbiogun, basarake kuma mayaki a Ile-Ife wanda ya taba zama a Iwaye Quarters a Ota (Jihar Ogun). Daga baya ya bar Ota don zama ƙasar budurwa. ===Al'ummar ikosi=== 'Yan asalin Ikosi sun fito ne daga kabilar Awori na Yarabawa kuma suna da karimci da kuma mutane masu son zaman lafiya. Tatsuniyar gargajiya tana nuna cewa sunan 'Ikosi' wani ɗan gajeren tsari ne na faɗin 'Kosi Kosi' wanda ke nufin maganar magabata na farko ga baƙi cewa ba su taɓa tara kayansu daga baƙi. A al'adance su manoma ne. ===Masarauta=== [[File:Motorways road, Ikosi, Lagos.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Aina Ejo wacce ta kafa masarautar Ikosi ta haifi Taiwo da Kehinde a shekarar 1795, Kehinde ta haifi Bakare Onikosi, Rufai Oloyede da sauransu Taiwo-Olowo sun haifi Yesufu Oke Taiwo, Joseph Ogunlana Taiwo, Funmilayo Taiwo kuma na karshe wanda ya zama Sarki na farko a mulkin Ikosi na wannan zamanin - Oba Adegboyega Taiwo (Akeja Oniyanru I) wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1901 kuma ya yi mulki tsakanin shekarar 1996 da 2006. Ya kasance Shugaba na asali kuma Oba Bashua na Somolu ya kasance mataimakin shugaban Kwamitin Masarautar ta karamar hukumar Somolu har zuwa shekara ta 1996. Bayan an kirkiro da Karamar Hukumar Kosofe, ya ci gaba da rike mukamin shugabanci kafin nadin sarautar da kuma nada Oba Bashiru Olountoyin Saliu, Oba na Oworonshoki wanda ya wakilce shi a 1998. Oba Adegboyega Taiwo (Akeja Oniyanru I) ya maye gurbin Oba Samuel Alamu Kehinde Onikosi (Edun-Arobadi 1) a ranar Talata 24 ga watan yuli, shekarar 2007. ==Tattalin arziki== Yawan Ikosi da Is tattalin arziki sun kasance abin la'akari lokacin da aka kirkiro Ikosi / Isheri LCDA. [[File:Historic Link Between Mile 12 and Outer Lagos. Ketu - Ikorudu Road.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi ita ce sakateriya ta Ikosi-Isheri Development Council kuma gida ce ga babbar kasuwar 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari a Legas, wacce aka kirkira a shekarar 1979. ==Iyaka== Ikosi tana iyaka da manyan tituna biyu a cikin [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]]. Babban titin Legas zuwa Ibadan ya kasance wata jijiya ce da ta hada Legas da sauran sassan kasar. Garuruwa Hanya ta Legas zuwa Ikorodu ita ma ta tashi daga Jibowu ta hanyar Ikosi zuwa [[Ikorodu]]. Lambar Post na Ikosi ita ce 100246 All Saints' Anglican Parish Church, the headquarter of Ikosi Archdeaconry of the Diocese of Lagos West of the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) stands right along the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway. [[File:Ikosi road 2.jpg|thumb|Ikosi]] Ikosi shine shafin TV Continental (tsohon GOTEL UHF 65), gidan talabijin da Radio na Continental 103.3FM (tsohon LINK FM), gidan rediyo. Wani harabar kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar Legas ta kasance a Ikosi. Cibiyar Ci Gaban Gudanarwa (CMD) kuma tana cikin Ikosi. ==Shahararru mutane== Fitattun 'yan asalin Ikosi wadanda suka yi shekaru sun haɗa da; # Prince Olaolu Taiwo (kansila a Jamhuriya ta Biyu 2) # Prince Atanda Jimoh (shi ma kansila ne a lokacin) # Prince Alamu Taiwo. wanda ya taka rawa wajen sanya Cocin All Saints' Parish Anglican, # Manjo Kayode Taiwo ( Rtd)., Arc (Yarima) Ademola Taiwo, tsohon sakatare na dindindin (PPUD) a cikin Gwamnatin Legas. Hon Prince Owolabi Taiwo shi ma kansila ne kuma daga baya ya hau kujerar Shugaban Karamar Hukumar Ikosi, ta Jihar Legas. Bayanai sun nuna cewa basaraken Ikosi basaraken ya ki yin watsi da ci gaban Ikosi / Isheri don son ransa yayin da yake kan mulki hakan yasa ya zama shugaban mashahuran mashahuci kuma daya daga cikin hazikan masu kishin jihar Legas. Jiha. <ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/09/impeachment-saga-rocks-lagos-council/</ref> ==Mulki== Shugabannin da sukayi mulki a ikosi sun haɗa da; {| class="wikitable" |+ Sarakuna |- ! Suna !! Shekara |- | Aina Ejo || |- | Bakare Onikosi || |- | Yesufu Oke Taiwo || 1936 |- | Rufai Oloyede kehinde || |- | Adegboyega Taiwo-Asalu || 1966 |- | Alamu Oloyede || 2007 zuwa yau |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] nlsfakapazsx2mesgohtyq5s5v8en84 4 21908 547860 547385 2024-11-28T21:28:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 547860 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:TotalPickle|TotalPickle]] |[[Special:Contributions/TotalPickle|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 21 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |2 |[[User:Ludwig.four|Ludwig.four]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ludwig.four|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 21 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |3 |[[User:TOCSIONLINE MARKETING|TOCSIONLINE MARKETING]] |[[Special:Contributions/TOCSIONLINE MARKETING|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |4 |[[User:Sitka24|Sitka24]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sitka24|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |5 |[[User:Jake 100animations|Jake 100animations]] |[[Special:Contributions/Jake 100animations|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |6 |[[User:Oval52|Oval52]] |[[Special:Contributions/Oval52|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |7 |[[User:Diretik|Diretik]] |[[Special:Contributions/Diretik|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |8 |[[User:Citlalicue|Citlalicue]] |[[Special:Contributions/Citlalicue|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |9 |[[User:Adamu120|Adamu120]] |[[Special:Contributions/Adamu120|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |10 |[[User:Loginname|Loginname]] |[[Special:Contributions/Loginname|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |11 |[[User:Chiara Cavalieri & Sheri Taliani|Chiara Cavalieri & Sheri Taliani]] |[[Special:Contributions/Chiara Cavalieri & Sheri Taliani|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |12 |[[User:Kodah.pensa|Kodah.pensa]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kodah.pensa|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |13 |[[User:Mustapha Surajo Muhammad|Mustapha Surajo Muhammad]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mustapha Surajo Muhammad|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |14 |[[User:BahagoB001|BahagoB001]] |[[Special:Contributions/BahagoB001|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |15 |[[User:Najibbbb|Najibbbb]] |[[Special:Contributions/Najibbbb|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |16 |[[User:Gambo Ibrahim Elicha|Gambo Ibrahim Elicha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gambo Ibrahim Elicha|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |17 |[[User:Shammmm|Shammmm]] |[[Special:Contributions/Shammmm|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |18 |[[User:Toniker0501|Toniker0501]] |[[Special:Contributions/Toniker0501|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |19 |[[User:Gabinaluz|Gabinaluz]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gabinaluz|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |20 |[[User:TheGame121.5|TheGame121.5]] |[[Special:Contributions/TheGame121.5|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |21 |[[User:DavidJoacaRo|DavidJoacaRo]] |[[Special:Contributions/DavidJoacaRo|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |22 |[[User:三奈木優斗|三奈木優斗]] |[[Special:Contributions/三奈木優斗|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |23 |[[User:Sadman708|Sadman708]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sadman708|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |24 |[[User:Wil540 art|Wil540 art]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wil540 art|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |25 |[[User:Federico888899|Federico888899]] |[[Special:Contributions/Federico888899|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 22 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |26 |[[User:Breakthekitkkat|Breakthekitkkat]] |[[Special:Contributions/Breakthekitkkat|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |27 |[[User:মনোনেশ দাস ফেসবুক|মনোনেশ দাস ফেসবুক]] |[[Special:Contributions/মনোনেশ দাস ফেসবুক|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |28 |[[User:特磨|特磨]] |[[Special:Contributions/特磨|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |29 |[[User:Alkin2|Alkin2]] |[[Special:Contributions/Alkin2|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |30 |[[User:Cpeznkli|Cpeznkli]] |[[Special:Contributions/Cpeznkli|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |31 |[[User:Iming|Iming]] |[[Special:Contributions/Iming|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |32 |[[User:KazmiKhan|KazmiKhan]] |[[Special:Contributions/KazmiKhan|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |33 |[[User:TWsk|TWsk]] |[[Special:Contributions/TWsk|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |34 |[[User:PWaigi-WMF|PWaigi-WMF]] |[[Special:Contributions/PWaigi-WMF|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |35 |[[User:Zlatak1782|Zlatak1782]] |[[Special:Contributions/Zlatak1782|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |36 |[[User:Einar Myre|Einar Myre]] |[[Special:Contributions/Einar Myre|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |37 |[[User:Eimanhaske|Eimanhaske]] |[[Special:Contributions/Eimanhaske|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |38 |[[User:MICHELLE JANE DAY (DEITIES)|MICHELLE JANE DAY (DEITIES)]] |[[Special:Contributions/MICHELLE JANE DAY (DEITIES)|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |39 |[[User:Kurfi1720|Kurfi1720]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kurfi1720|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |40 |[[User:Abzeronow|Abzeronow]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abzeronow|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 23 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |41 |[[User:Mohamed Ahmed AlMahdi|Mohamed Ahmed AlMahdi]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mohamed Ahmed AlMahdi|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |42 |[[User:মনোনেশ দাস বাংলাদেশ|মনোনেশ দাস বাংলাদেশ]] |[[Special:Contributions/মনোনেশ দাস বাংলাদেশ|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |43 |[[User:Legofan3484|Legofan3484]] |[[Special:Contributions/Legofan3484|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |44 |[[User:Ishnana|Ishnana]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ishnana|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |45 |[[User:Jimmyp84|Jimmyp84]] |[[Special:Contributions/Jimmyp84|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |46 |[[User:Malek sou|Malek sou]] |[[Special:Contributions/Malek sou|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |47 |[[User:Shiningmatcha|Shiningmatcha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Shiningmatcha|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 24 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |48 |[[User:3(MG)²|3(MG)²]] |[[Special:Contributions/3(MG)²|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |49 |[[User:Biter2|Biter2]] |[[Special:Contributions/Biter2|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |50 |[[User:Arunanajma|Arunanajma]] |[[Special:Contributions/Arunanajma|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |51 |[[User:Maconzy3|Maconzy3]] |[[Special:Contributions/Maconzy3|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |52 |[[User:ThiagoSousaSilveira|ThiagoSousaSilveira]] |[[Special:Contributions/ThiagoSousaSilveira|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |53 |[[User:Teema first lady|Teema first lady]] |[[Special:Contributions/Teema first lady|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |54 |[[User:Tobyhoward|Tobyhoward]] |[[Special:Contributions/Tobyhoward|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |55 |[[User:Ferdinand IF99|Ferdinand IF99]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ferdinand IF99|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |56 |[[User:Kumaarsahab|Kumaarsahab]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kumaarsahab|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |57 |[[User:Maya Abdraman|Maya Abdraman]] |[[Special:Contributions/Maya Abdraman|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |58 |[[User:FairwellNoob|FairwellNoob]] |[[Special:Contributions/FairwellNoob|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |59 |[[User:Scubazigga|Scubazigga]] |[[Special:Contributions/Scubazigga|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |60 |[[User:Mohammed baba Haruna|Mohammed baba Haruna]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mohammed baba Haruna|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |61 |[[User:Tauraro.danjarida64|Tauraro.danjarida64]] |[[Special:Contributions/Tauraro.danjarida64|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |62 |[[User:SzTz|SzTz]] |[[Special:Contributions/SzTz|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |63 |[[User:Dimassatyam|Dimassatyam]] |[[Special:Contributions/Dimassatyam|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |64 |[[User:Senior Coconut|Senior Coconut]] |[[Special:Contributions/Senior Coconut|Gudummuwa]] |Litinin, 25 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |65 |[[User:Mobilesnigeria|Mobilesnigeria]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mobilesnigeria|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |66 |[[User:Andrei Stroe|Andrei Stroe]] |[[Special:Contributions/Andrei Stroe|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |67 |[[User:মনোনেশ দাস সংবাদ|মনোনেশ দাস সংবাদ]] |[[Special:Contributions/মনোনেশ দাস সংবাদ|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |68 |[[User:Regent Business School|Regent Business School]] |[[Special:Contributions/Regent Business School|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |69 |[[User:S8321414|S8321414]] |[[Special:Contributions/S8321414|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |70 |[[User:Inu Etc|Inu Etc]] |[[Special:Contributions/Inu Etc|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |71 |[[User:Durraz0|Durraz0]] |[[Special:Contributions/Durraz0|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |72 |[[User:Avp777|Avp777]] |[[Special:Contributions/Avp777|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 26 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |73 |[[User:Ysabella|Ysabella]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ysabella|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |74 |[[User:LEvalyn|LEvalyn]] |[[Special:Contributions/LEvalyn|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |75 |[[User:LR.127|LR.127]] |[[Special:Contributions/LR.127|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |76 |[[User:NiferO|NiferO]] |[[Special:Contributions/NiferO|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |77 |[[User:Lutarchitecture|Lutarchitecture]] |[[Special:Contributions/Lutarchitecture|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |78 |[[User:Muasis|Muasis]] |[[Special:Contributions/Muasis|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |79 |[[User:Coffeecatuk|Coffeecatuk]] |[[Special:Contributions/Coffeecatuk|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |80 |[[User:Julius Barclay|Julius Barclay]] |[[Special:Contributions/Julius Barclay|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |81 |[[User:ChenDaoIsHere|ChenDaoIsHere]] |[[Special:Contributions/ChenDaoIsHere|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |82 |[[User:MoMo wtf|MoMo wtf]] |[[Special:Contributions/MoMo wtf|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |83 |[[User:Six6ifs|Six6ifs]] |[[Special:Contributions/Six6ifs|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |84 |[[User:Taras r|Taras r]] |[[Special:Contributions/Taras r|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |85 |[[User:Akmaluddeen|Akmaluddeen]] |[[Special:Contributions/Akmaluddeen|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |86 |[[User:Ayham4002|Ayham4002]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ayham4002|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |87 |[[User:Ballsacker24|Ballsacker24]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ballsacker24|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |88 |[[User:Eyo Edem|Eyo Edem]] |[[Special:Contributions/Eyo Edem|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |89 |[[User:FonbetStavki|FonbetStavki]] |[[Special:Contributions/FonbetStavki|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 27 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |90 |[[User:SrGarga|SrGarga]] |[[Special:Contributions/SrGarga|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |91 |[[User:Jeremy Hulber|Jeremy Hulber]] |[[Special:Contributions/Jeremy Hulber|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |92 |[[User:SageTDS|SageTDS]] |[[Special:Contributions/SageTDS|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |93 |[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] |[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |94 |[[User:মনোনেশ দাস নাগরিক সাংবাদিক|মনোনেশ দাস নাগরিক সাংবাদিক]] |[[Special:Contributions/মনোনেশ দাস নাগরিক সাংবাদিক|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |95 |[[User:AbchyZa22|AbchyZa22]] |[[Special:Contributions/AbchyZa22|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |96 |[[User:Apstockholm|Apstockholm]] |[[Special:Contributions/Apstockholm|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |97 |[[User:Cesare Marchi|Cesare Marchi]] |[[Special:Contributions/Cesare Marchi|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |98 |[[User:Arnand06|Arnand06]] |[[Special:Contributions/Arnand06|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |99 |[[User:Delight4b2|Delight4b2]] |[[Special:Contributions/Delight4b2|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |100 |[[User:İmmortalance|İmmortalance]] |[[Special:Contributions/İmmortalance|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |101 |[[User:Spiteful dwarf|Spiteful dwarf]] |[[Special:Contributions/Spiteful dwarf|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |102 |[[User:Stevebradley1|Stevebradley1]] |[[Special:Contributions/Stevebradley1|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |103 |[[User:Vmakenas|Vmakenas]] |[[Special:Contributions/Vmakenas|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 28 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |} nvqtlzx6vvnrgpwl9z3wxyp5i03mud2 0 22406 547647 499663 2024-11-28T18:28:59Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Massacre_of_Kalavryta_Memorial.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da kisan kiyashin Kalavryta]] [[File:Mass_execution_in_Kosovo_1912.jpg |thumb|Mass execution in Kosovo 1912 ]] [[File:Malmedy_Massacre.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sakamakon kisan kiyashin Malmedy a 1944, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka yiwa fursunonin yakin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka kisan kiyashi]]]] [[Fayil:Pakistan Air Force Cold War Jets.jpg|thumb|jiragen yaqi]]   '''Laifin yaki''' wani aiki ne wanda ke haifar da mummunan keta dokokin yaki wanda ke haifar da dawainiyar aikata laifi. Misalai da laifukan sun hada da gangan ya kashe fararen hula ko fursunonin, da azabtarwa, da hallaka farar hula dukiyõyin su, da aka yi garkuwa, yin wani ''perfidy, raping'', yin amfani da yara, pillaging, yana nuna cewa babu kwata za a ba, da kuma tsanani keta ka'idojin bambanci, ''proportionality'', da kuma wajibcin soja . Batun aikata laifukan yaki ya samo asali ne a karshen karni na ashirin lokacin da aka tsara kundin dokokin kasa da kasa da suka shafi yaki tsakanin kasashe masu mulkin kansu . Irin wannan bayanin ya faru ne a matakin kasa, kamar buga littafin ''Lieber Code'' a kasar Amurka, da kuma a matakin kasa da Kasa tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyoyi a lokacin yayin taron Hague na shekarun 1899 da 1907. Bugu da dari, shari'o'in da aka yi a kotunan kasa a wannan lokacin sun kara bayyana doka. Bayan karshen [[Yakin Duniya na II]], manyan cigaba a cikin dokar sun faru. Yawancin gwaji da akayi na masu aikata laifukan yaki na Axis sun kafa ka'idodin Nuremberg, kamar ra'ayin cewa laifukan yaki sun zama laifuka wadanda dokar kasa ta bayyana . Bugu da kari, Yarjejeniyar Geneva a cikin shekara ta1949 ta bayyana sabbin laifukan yaki kuma sun kafa cewa jihohi na iya yin ikon duniya game da wadannan laifukan. A karshen karni na 20 da farkon karni na 21, bayan Kirkirar kotunan kasa da kasa da yawa, an bayyana karin nau'ikan laifukan yaki da suka shafi rikice-rikicen makamai banda wadanda ke tsakanin jihohi, kamar yake-yake na cikin gida . == Tarihi == [[File:Chinese_killed_by_Japanese_Army_in_a_ditch,_Hsuchow.jpg|thumb| Wani rami cike da gawarwakin fararen hular Sinawa da sojojin Japan suka kashe a Suzhou, China, a shekarar 1938]] ==Misalan farko == Shari'ar Peter von Hagenbach da wata kotun wucin gadi ta Masarautar Roman ta Kudus ta yi a shekarar 1474 ita ce ta farko ta "laifukan yaki" ta duniya, kuma har ila yau ta alhakin daukar nauyi .<ref name="Grant">[http://www.law.harvard.edu/alumni/bulletin/2006/spring/gallery.phpExhibit highlights the first international war crimes tribunal] by Linda Grant, Harvard Law Bulletin.</ref> An kuma yanke masa hukunci kuma an fille kansa saboda aikata laifuka da cewa "shi a matsayinsa na jarumi an dauke shi yana da hakkin hanawa", duk da cewa ya dade yanayin jayayya cewa "yana bin umarnin ne kawai". A shekara ta 1865, Henry Wirz, wani hafsan Sojan Amurka, kotun soji ta tuhume shi kuma ta rataye shi saboda mummunan yanayi a Kurkukun Andersonville, inda fursunonin Yammacin tarayyar da yawa suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka. ==Yarjejeniyar Hague == Yarjejeniyar Hague ta kasance yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa da aka tattauna a taro na Zaman Lafiya na Farko da na biyu a Hague, Netherlands a shekara ta 1899 da 1907, kuma sun kasance, tare da Yarjejeniyar Geneva, daga cikin bayanan farko na dokokin yaki da laifukan yaki a kungiyar internationalasa ta duniya wacce ba ta addini ba. ==Yarjejeniyar Geneva == Yarjejeniyar Geneva yarjejeniyoyi ne masu alaqa guda hudu wadanda aka amince da su kuma aka cigaba da hadaka ta daga shekarata 1864 zuwa 1949 wadanda ke wakiltar tushen doka da tsarin gudanar da yaki karkashin dokar kasa da kasa. Kowane dayan memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a halin yanzu ya amince da yarjejeniyar, wadanda aka yarda da su a matsayin ka'idodin dokar kasa da kasa, wadanda ke suka dace da kowane yanayin rikici a duniya. Koyayar da ladabi ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva da aka zartar a cikin shekarar 1977 wanda ke dauke da mafi mahimmancin, cikakke kuma cikakkiyar kariya ta dokar agaji ta Kasa da Kasa ga mutane da abubuwa a cikin yakin zamani har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar Jihohi da yawa da ke ci gaba da fadawa cikin rikice-rikicen yaki, wato Amurka, Isra’ila, Indiya, Pakistan, Iraki, Iran, da sauransu. Dangane da haka, jihohi suna rike lambobi daban-daban da dabi'u game da halayen lokacin yaki. Wasu masu sanya hannu sun saba ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta yadda ko dai ta amfani da sahihan doka ko kuma jan ra'ayin siyasa don kaucewa ka'idoji da dokokin. An sake inganta manyan taruka uku tare da fadada na hudu wanda aka Kara a shekarar 1949: * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko ''don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda Sukaji rauni da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin kasa''' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin Raunuka da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin a Field'' an karbe shi a 1864, an yi kwaskwarima sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Tsarin 1906, sigar 1929, daga baya kuma yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko a 1949 ). * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ''don Inganta Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa a Tekun'' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa da Ruwa a cikin Tekun'' an karɓi a shekarar 1906, muhimmanci bita da maye gurbinsu da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta shekarar 1949). * Taron Geneva na Uku ''dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki'' ( Yarjejeniyar <nowiki><i id="mwdA">dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki</i></nowiki> an zartar da ita a shekarar 1929, an yi kwaskwarima sosai tare da maye gurbin ta Taron Geneva na Uku na 1949).[[File:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg|thumb| HRW ta rubuta cewa sa-hannun da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yaman wanda ya fara a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2015, ya shafi kai hare-hare ta sama a bayyane take da dokokin yaki. ]] * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Hudu ''dangane da Kariyar Jama'a a Lokacin Yakin'' (wanda aka fara amfani da shi a shekara ta 1949, ya dogara da bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907). An karbi kariin ladabi biyu a cikin 1977 tare da na uku wanda aka Kara a shekarar 2005, kammalawa da sabunta Yarjejeniyar Geneva: * Yarjejeniyar I (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar Wadanda Rikicin Makamai na Internationalasashe ya shafa.'' * Yarjejeniyar II (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar wadanda ke fama da Rikicin Nonasashen Duniya ba.'' * Yarjejeniyar III (2005) ''dangane da Tallafin Distarin Alamar Musamman.'' === Leipzig Gwajin Laifin Yaki === An yi wa wasu tsirarun ma'aikatan sojan Jamusawa na [[Yakin Duniya na I|Yakin Duniya na]] daya hukunci a cikin 1921 da Kotun Germanoli ta Jamhuriyar ta tuhumar su da aikata laifukan yaki. === Yarjejeniyar London / Gwaji Nuremberg 1945 === An inganta tunanin zamani game da aikata laifukan yaki a karkashin kararrakin Nuremberg bisa ma'anar cikin Yarjejeniyar London da aka buga a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1945. (Hakanan duba ka'idodin Nuremberg). Tare da laifukan yaki, kundin tsarin mulkin ya kuma bayyana laifuffukan da suka shafi zaman lafiya da laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, wadanda galibi ake aikata su yayin yake-yake kuma a hada kai da laifukan yaki. === Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas 1946 === Har ila yau, ana kiranta da Titin Tokyo, Kotun Laifin Laifukan Yakin Tokyo ko kuma kawai a matsayin Kotu, an yi taronta a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1946, don gwada shugabannin Daular Japan game da laifuka iri uku: "Ajin A" (laifuka kan zaman lafiya ), "Ajin B" (laifukan yaki), da "Ajin C" (laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama), da aka aikata a lokacin [[Yakin Duniya na II]] . === Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya 2002 === [[File:My_Lai_massacre.jpg|thumb| Gawarwakin wasu daruruwan villaan ƙabilar Vietnam wadanda sojojin Amurka suka kashe a lokacin kisan kiyashin My Lai]] A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2002, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]], wata kotun da ke da hedikwata a Hague, ta kasance don gabatar da hukunce-hukuncen laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a ko bayan wannan ranar. Kasashe da dama, musamman Amurka, China, Rasha, da Isra’ila, sun soki kotun. Har yanzu Amurka na cikin masu kallo. Mataki na goma sha biyu 12 na Dokar Roma ya ba da iko kan 'yan kasa da jihohin da ba sa kwangila idan an zarge su da aikata laifi a yankin dayan bangarorin jihar. An bayyana laifuffukan yaki a cikin ƙa'idar da ta kafa Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, wanda ya hada da: # Kashe kaburbura na Yarjejeniyar Geneva, kamar su: ## Kisan ganganci, ko haddasa babbar wahala ko rauni mai tsanani ga jiki ko lafiya ## Azabtarwa ko cutar da mutum ## Rushewar doka ba bisa doka ba ko satar dukiya ## Tilasta fursunan yaki ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar maƙiya ## Haramta fursunonin yaki na hukuncin adalci ## Korar jama'a ba bisa doka ba, tsarewa ko canja wuri ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula[[File:Prisoners_on_ground_before_execution,Taejon,_South_Korea.jpg|thumb| Kisan Bodo League yayin yakin Koriya a shekarar 1950]] ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ## Kashe mayakan da aka sallama ## Amfani da tutar sulhu ## Yankin yankin da aka mamaye ## Korar mazaunan yankin da suka mamaye ## Yin amfani da makamai masu guba ## Amfani da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwa ## Yin amfani da yara sojoji ## Yin harbi a kan Magungunan Yaki tare da bayyananniyar alama. # Abubuwan da ke gudana a matsayin ɓangare na rikice-rikice ba na duniya ba: ## Kisan kai, zalunci ko wulakanta mutane da azabtarwa ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula, ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya # Abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin ɓangare na rikicin duniya:[[File:Lugansk-2014-06-18.jpeg|thumb| Fararen hula da aka kashe a luguden wuta a gabashin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] . A cewar rahoton na HRW, "Yin amfani da rokoki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a yankunan da mutane ke ciki ya sabawa dokokin jin kai na kasa da kasa, ko dokokin yaki, kuma na iya zama laifukan yaki." ]] ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Takaitawar aiwatarwa ## Ganima ## Fyade, bautar jima'i, tilasta karuwanci ko tilasta ciki Koyaya kotu tana da iko ne kawai akan wadannan laifuka inda suke "''bangare ne na wani tsari ko manufa ko kuma wani bangare na babban kwamiti na irin wadannan laifuka''". == Manyan fitattu == === Shugabannin jihohi da na gwamnati === [[File:Omar_al-Bashir,_12th_AU_Summit,_090131-N-0506A-342.jpg|thumb| Shugaban [[Sudan]] Omar al-Bashir, wanda kotun ICC ke nema saboda laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama]] Zuwa yau, na yanzu da tsoffin [[Shugaban kasa|shugabannin kasa]] da [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugabannin gwamnatocin]] da ake tuhuma da aikata laifukan yaki sun hada da: * Großadmiral na Jamus da Shugaba Karl Dönitz da Firayim Ministocin Japan da Janar-Janar Hideki Tōjō da Kuniaki Koiso a bayan yakin duniya na II. * An gabatar da tsohon shugaban kasar [[Serbiya|Serbia]] , Slobodan Miloševi to a gaban kotu, inda ake tuhumarsa da, kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama, da laifukan yaki a jamhuriyoyi uku. The tribunal found the prosecution had according to its rules and procedures; enough evidence was tailored, before the defense presentation, that, "a reasonable trier of fact, could conclude, the accused was responsible for the crimes charged." Wannan ya shafi babban nauyi na tuhumar Bosnia da Croatia, da kuma alhakin kowane mutum na tuhumar Kosovo. Babu wani hukunci da aka yanke, duk da haka, tunda ya mutu a tsare a cikin 2006, kafin a kammala shari'ar. * Shi ma tsohon shugaban Laberiya Charles G. Taylor an kawo shi a Hague ana tuhumarsa da laifukan yaki; shari'arsa ta faro ne daga 2007 zuwa Maris 2011. An yanke masa hukunci a cikin Afrilu na 2012 na taimakawa da tallafawa laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama. * An kama tsohon Shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya Radovan Karadžić a Belgrade a ranar 18 ga Yulin 2008 kuma aka gabatar da shi a gaban Kotun Laifukan Yakin Yakin na Belgrade kwanaki kadan bayan haka. An mika shi zuwa Netherlands, kuma a yanzu haka yana Hague, a hannun kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta tsohuwar Yugoslavia . An fara shari'ar a cikin 2010. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2016, an same shi da laifin kisan kare dangi a Srebrenica, laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama, 10 cikin tuhume-tuhume 11 gaba daya, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 40. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a kan roko. * Omar al-Bashir, tsohon shugaban [[Sudan|kasar Sudan]], ana tuhumarsa da aikata laifuka uku na kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama da sauran laifukan yaki dangane da yakin 2003– a yankin Darfur na Sudan. Shugaban kasa na farko da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ke tuhuma da kisan kare dangi tare da samin sammacin kama mutane a Darfur .[[File:Sahbag.jpg|thumb|287x287px| Zanga-zangar shekarar 2013 ta Shahbag ta bukaci a zartar da hukuncin kisa ga masu aikata laifukan yaki na yakin ‘yanci na Bangladesh na 1971]] * An gurfanar da tsohon shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi|Libya Muammar Gaddafi]] bisa zargin bada umarnin kisan masu zanga-zanga da fararen hula da Laifukan cin zarafin bil adama, a lokacin yakin basasar Libya na 2011, amma, an kashe shi kafin ya iya fuskantar shari'a a watan Oktoban 2011. === Sauran fitattun masu gabatar da kara === * Yoshijirō Umezu, janar a cikin Sojojin Japan na Sarki * Seishirō Itagaki, Ministan Yaki na Daular Japan * Hermann Göring, Kwamandan Babban Luftwaffe . * Ernst Kaltenbrunner da Adolf Eichmann, manyan membobin SS . * Wilhelm Keitel, Janarfeldmarschall, shugaban kungiyar Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . * Erich Raeder, Großadmiral, Babban Kwamandan Babban Kriegsmarine . * Albert Speer, Ministan Makamai da Samar da Yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Nazi Jamus 1942–45. * William Calley, tsohon hafsan sojan Amurka an same shi da laifin kisan kai saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan kiyashin My Lai * Ali Hassan Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, wanda aka fi sani da laƙabi da "Chemical Ali", wanda bayan Ba'athist Iraq ya zartar da hukuncin kisan gilla a [[Kurdawa|ƙauyukan Kurdawa]] a lokacin yakin Iran da Iraki; [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|sannan kuma gwamnan Kuwait da ya]] mamaye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a lokacin Yaƙin Fasha na Farko * Ratko Mladić, wanda aka gurfanar da kisan kare dangi a tsakanin sauran take hakkin bil'adama a lokacin yakin Bosnia ; an kama shi a Serbia a watan Mayu na 2011 kuma an mika shi don fuskantar shari'a a Hague, inda aka same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. * Joseph Kony, shugaban kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƴan Tawaye na Ubangiji|'yan tawaye ta Lord Resistance Army]], kungiyar' yan daba da ke aiki a Uganda. == Ma'ana == [[File:Polish_hostages_preparing_by_Nazi_Germans_for_mass_execution_1940.jpg|thumb| A hoto dauka da Polish Karkashin kasa na Nazi asirin 'yan sanda Ƙididdigar up Polish kawo dukkan at Palmiry kusa [[Warszawa|Warsaw]] a 1940 domin taro kisa ( ''AB-Aktion'' )]] Laifukan yaƙi babban keta ƙa'idoji ne na dokokin al'adu da yarjejeniya game da dokar ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yarda da ita  a matsayin laifukan aikata laifi wanda akwai alhakin mutum ɗaya. Ma'anar ''hada-hada ta aikata laifukan yaki'' sun hada da keta ka'idojin kariya na ''dokokin yaki'', amma kuma ya hada da gazawa wajen bin ka'idojin aiki da ka'idojin yaki, kamar kai hari ga wadanda ke nuna tutar lumana ta sulhu, ko amfani da waccan tutar a matsayin dabara don hawa hari kan sojojin abokan gaba. A amfani da sinadaran da nazarin halittu makamai a yaƙi suna kuma haramta ta da yawa sinadaran makamai iko da yarjejeniyar da kuma Halittu Makamai Yarjejeniyar . Sanye da makiya kayan ko fararen kaya zuwa infiltrate maƙiyi Lines ga leken asirin ko ɓarna da gangan manufa ne istinbadi magajinsa na yaki, ko yãƙi a fama ko kisan gilla mutane bayan maƙiyi Lines yayin da haka ya ɓadda ba, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi m perfidy. Kai wa sojojin abokan gaba hari yayin da ake tura su ta hanyar hanyar leken asiri ba laifin yaki ba ne. Koyaya, Protocol I, Mataki na 42 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana kai hari ga masu lalatattun fastocin da suke fatarar jirgin nakasassu da masu ba da izinin sauƙaƙe da zarar sun sauka. Mataki na 30 na Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907 ta ''IV - Dokoki da Kwastam na Yaƙi a expasa'' a bayyane ya hana mayaƙan horo don azabtar da iesan leƙen asirin ba tare da shari'ar da ta gabata ba. Dokar yaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rikicin Makamai, yana ba da izinin mahauta su shiga faɗa. Laifin yaƙi yana faruwa yayin da aka yi wa maƙiyi rauni ko azabar da ba dole ba. Laifukan yaƙi sun haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar cutar da fursunonin yaƙi ko fararen hula . Laifukan yaki wani lokacin wani bangare ne na lokuta na kisan gilla da kisan kare dangi duk da cewa wadannan laifuffuka an fi rufe su sosai a karkashin dokar agaji ta duniya da aka bayyana a matsayin laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama . A shekara ta 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da kuduri mai lamba 1820, wanda ya nuna cewa "fyade da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafin mata na iya zama laifukan yaki, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama ko kuma aiwatar da wani babban aiki dangane da kisan kare dangi"; ga kuma yakin fyade A shekarar 2016, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta]] yanke wa wani hukuncin cin zarafin mata a karon farko; musamman, sun kara fyade ga hukuncin laifukan yaki na Mataimakin Shugaban Kwango [[Jean-Pierre Bemba|Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo]] . [[File:Soviet_soldiers_mass_grave,_German_war_prisoners_concentration_camp_in_Deblin,_German-occupied_Poland.jpg|thumb| Babban kabarin USSR POWs, Jamusawa suka kashe. Kimanin POWs Soviet miliyan 3.3 suka mutu a hannun Nazi .]] Laifukan yaƙi kuma sun haɗa da kai hare-hare da gangan kan 'yan ƙasa da dukiyar ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki, kamar harin Jafananci akan Pearl Harbor . Yayinda harin da aka kai kan Pearl Harbor ya faru yayin da Amurka da Japan suke cikin lumana kuma ba tare da wani dalili na kare kai ba, Kotun Tokyo ta ayyana harin don wucewa ta hanyar tabbatar da wajibcin soja don haka ya zama laifin yaki. Laifukan yaƙi suna da mahimmanci a dokar agaji ta ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yanki ne da aka haɗu da kotunan ƙasa da ƙasa kamar na Nuremberg da Tokyo . Misalai na baya-bayan nan sune Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta Yugoslavia da kuma Kotun hukunta masu manyan laifuka ta Ruwanda, wadanda Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin Kashi na VIII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kafa . A karkashin Ka'idojin Nuremberg, ''laifukan yaki'' sun banbanta da na cin zarafin zaman lafiya . Laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya sun hada da shiryawa, shiryawa, farawa, ko yin yakin wuce gona da iri, ko yakin keta yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, yarjejeniyoyi, ko kuma tabbaci. Saboda za a iya muhawara kan ma'anar yanayin "yaki", kalmar "laifukan yaki" kanta ta ga amfani daban-daban a karkashin tsarin daban-daban na dokar kasa da kasa da ta soja. Yana da ɗan mataki na aikace-aikace a waje da abin da wasu za su iya ɗauka a matsayin yanayin "yaƙi", amma a cikin yankunan da rikice-rikice suka ci gaba har suka haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar jama'a. A wasu lokuta ana zargin shari'o'in yaƙi da ƙunshe da fifiko ga waɗanda suka yi nasara (" Adalcin Victor "), kamar yadda ba a zartar da wasu rikice-rikice a matsayin laifukan yaƙi ba. Wasu misalai sun hada da halakar Allies na biranen Axis a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], kamar fashewar wuta na Dresden, harin <nowiki><i id="mwAbw">Ofishin Taro</i></nowiki> a Tokyo (mummunan harin bam guda ɗaya a tarihi), da fashewar atom na Hiroshima da Nagasaki . Dangane da harin bama-bamai lokacin yakin duniya na II, babu wata yarjejeniya ko kayan aiki na duniya da ke kare fararen hula musamman daga harin jirgin sama, saboda haka hare-hare ta sama kan fararen hula ba laifukan yaƙi a hukumance bane. Allies a shari’ar a [[Nuremberg]] da [[Tokyo]] ba su taɓa gurfanar da Jamusawa ba, gami da babban kwamandan Luftwaffe Hermann Göring, don kai harin bam a Warsaw, Rotterdam, da biranen Biritaniya a lokacin Blitz da kuma hare-haren wuce gona da iri kan biranen kawancen tare da V -1 bama-bamai masu tashi sama da roket V-2, ko Jafananci don kai hare-hare ta sama kan biranen China cike da mutane. Kodayake babu wasu yarjejeniyoyi musamman game da yakin jirgi, Yarjejeniya ta 1, Mataki na 51 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana yin ruwan bama-bamai a biranen da fararen hula za su iya zama ba tare da la'akari da kowace hanya ba. (duba bama-bamai na sama da dokar ƙasa ). Rikici ya faru ne lokacin da Allies suka sake sanya POWs na Jamusanci (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1929 akan fursunonin yaƙi ) a matsayin Enungiyar Maƙiya ta ararya (ana zargin ba a kiyaye ta 1929 Geneva Yarjejeniyar kan Fursunonin Yaƙi ba), da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don tilasta aiki kamar share filayen ma'adinai . <ref name="Modern History 1994 pp. 487">S. P. MacKenzie "The Treatment of Prisoners of War in World War II" ''The Journal of Modern History'', Vol. 66, No. 3. (Sep. 1994), pp. 487–520.</ref> Zuwa Disamba 1945, watanni shida bayan yakin ya ƙare, hukumomin Faransa sun kiyasta cewa har yanzu ana kashe ko raunata fursunonin Jamusawa dubu biyu kowane wata a cikin haɗarin kwance ma'adinai. An canza kalmomin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1949 na 1949 da gangan daga na 1929 don Sojojin da suka "fada cikin iko" biyo bayan mika wuya ko yawan garkuwar makiyi yanzu an ba su kariya da kuma wadanda aka kama fursuna yayin yakin. {{Clear}}A karkashin dokar rikici (LOAC), mutuwar waɗanda ba sa yaƙin ba dole ba ne cin zarafi; akwai abubuwa da yawa don la'akari. ''Ba'' za a iya sanya fararen hula abin abin kai hari ba, amma mutuwa / rauni ga fararen hula yayin gudanar da hari kan manufar soja ana mulkinta ne a karkashin ka'idoji kamar na daidaito da bukatar sojoji kuma ana iya halatta. Wajabcin soja "yana ba da izinin halakar rayuwar&nbsp;... mutanen da rikice-rikicen yaƙe-yaƙe ba za su iya kiyaye halakar su ba;&nbsp;... baya ba da izinin kashe bayin Allah marasa laifi don ramuwar gayya ko gamsar da sha'awar kashewa. Lalata dukiya don halal ya zama tilas dole ne a buƙaci buƙatun yaƙi. ” Misali, gudanar da aiki a rumbun ajiye makamai ko sansanin horar da 'yan ta'adda ba za a hana shi ba saboda wani manomi yana nome gona a yankin; manomi ba shine abin kawo hari ba kuma ayyukan zasuyi daidai da karfin soja. A gefe guda, fa'idodin soja na ban mamaki zai zama dole don tabbatar da aikin da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa ko rauni ga dubban fararen hula. A cikin "grayer" shari'ar tambaya game da ko cutarwa da ake tsammani ta wuce gona da iri na iya zama mai ma'ana sosai. A saboda wannan dalili, Jihohi suka zaɓi amfani da mizanin "a sarari" don ƙayyade ko keta haddin laifi ya faru. Lokacin da babu wata hujja don aikin soja, kamar farar hula da aka sanya su abin kai hari, binciken kwatankwacin ba shi da muhimmanci don yanke hukuncin cewa harin ba shi da doka. === Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia === Don bugun iska, matukan jirgi gaba ɗaya sun dogara da bayanan da ke fitowa daga kafofin waje (hedkwatar, sojojin ƙasa) cewa takamaiman matsayi shine ainihin abin sojan soja. Game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia, matukan jirgin NATO sun buge wani abu na farar hula ( ofishin jakadancin China a Belgrade ) wanda ba shi da muhimmancin soja, amma matukan jirgin ba su da ra'ayin yanke shi baya ga umarninsu. Kwamitin ya yanke hukuncin cewa "ba za a sanya wa jirgin saman da ke da hannu cikin harin ba saboda an ba su mummunar manufa kuma bai dace ba a yi kokarin sanya alhakin aikata laifi ga abin da ya faru ga manyan shugabanni saboda an ba su bayanai marasa kyau. ta jami'an wata hukumar ". Rahoton ya kuma lura da cewa "Mafi yawan kayan da aka gabatar wa OTP sun kunshi rahotanni ne cewa an kashe fararen hula, galibi ana kiran a kammala da cewa an aikata laifuka. Raunin jingina ga fararen hula da lalata kayayyakin farar hula na iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai. ” === Dokar Rendulic === An tuhumi Janar Lothar Rendulic na Jamusawa da bayar da umarnin rusa gine-gine da filayen fararen hula yayin da yake ja da baya daga wani harin da ake zargin abokan gaba da shi a cikin abin da ake kira siyasar duniya da aka kona saboda manufar soja ta hana amfani da fili ga makiya. Ya wuce gona da iri da aka hango amma yana jayayya cewa Hague IV ya ba da izinin halakar saboda ya zama wajibi a yi yaƙi. An wanke shi daga wannan tuhumar. Underarkashin "Dokar Rendulic" dole ne mutane su tantance wajibcin aikin soja bisa la’akari da bayanan da suke da su a wancan lokacin; ba za a iya yanke musu hukunci ba dangane da bayanan da suka zo a bayyane. == Duba wasu abubuwan == === Jerin ƙasar === * Jerin laifukan yaki * Zaluncin Bangladesh 1971 * Laifukan yaƙi na ƙawance yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II * Laifukan yaki na Burtaniya * Laifukan yakin na Jamus ** Sakamakon Naziyanci na Jamusawa ** Holocaust ** Laifukan yaƙi na Wehrmacht * Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas * [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Kungiyar Daular Islama ta Iraki da binciken laifukan yaki na Levant]] * Laifin yakin Italiya * Laifukan yakin Japan * Tsoma bakin da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yemen * Laifukan Yaƙin Koriya * Laifukan yakin Soviet * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijan Amurka kan Philippines * Amurka laifukan yaki === Matsalolin doka === * Dokar Kariyar Ba-Amurke * Umurnin umarni * Dokar yaƙi * Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikici na Rikici (RULAC) * Russell Tribunal * Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo * Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya da mamaye Iraki a 2003 * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki (Belgium) * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki na 1996 - shigar da Laifukan Yaki a cikin dokar Amurka * Ikon duniya === Dabam-dabam === * Tarihin Ta'addanci * Mai shiga tsakani na farar hula * Umurnin Commando * Commissar oda * Laifuka akan bil'adama * Laifi akan zaman lafiya * Laifin zalunci * Gwajin likitoci * Masana kimiyya * Garkuwar ɗan adam * Binciken Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Katyn kisan gilla * Jerin sunayen tsoffin citizensan asalin ƙasar Amurka waɗanda ba a ba su izini ba, gami da waɗanda aka ba su labarin don ɓoye hannu a cikin laifukan yaƙi don samun citizenshipan ƙasar * Kwashewa * Laifin Mass Laifi * Kashe mutane * Soja amfani da yara * Nazarin ɗan adam na Nazi * Kisan fursinonin NKVD * Babu kwata * Ka'idojin Nuremberg * Farancin * Razakars (Pakistan) * Aikin Sentinel na Tauraron Dan Adam * Kashe-kashen Srebrenica * Ta'addancin Jiha * Tashin bom * Adalcin wucin gadi * Mayaki mara doka * Tashin hankali lokacin tashin hankali * Binciken Sojoji na Hunturu == Manazarta ==   == Kara karantawa == *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRobert_Cryer2007">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87609-4|978-0-521-87609-4]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYôrām_Dinstein2004">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-54227-2|978-0-521-54227-2]]</cite></bdi> * Hagopian, Patrick (2013). ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Amurka: Laifukan Yaki da Iyakokin Dokokin Duniya.'' Amherst, MA: Jami'ar Massachusetts Latsa. *   <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHorvitzCatherwood2011">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-8160-8083-0|978-0-8160-8083-0]]</cite></bdi>  *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMalcolm_N._Shaw2008">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-72814-0|978-0-521-72814-0]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGary_D._Solis2010">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87088-7|978-0-521-87088-7]]</cite></bdi> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Laifuka akan Bil'adama * [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]] * Dokar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Dokar Doka == Sauran manazarta == * [http://abmm.org Bunker na Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Soja - abmm.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330053010/https://abmm.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }} *   *   *   *   * [http://www.usfca.edu/philosophy/pdf%20files/War%20Crimes-%20Responsibility%20and%20the%20Psychology%20of%20Atrocity.pdf Laifin Yaƙi: Yaƙi da Ilimin Hauka na Zalunci]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080114162221/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/06221-etn-hrf-dic-rep-web.pdf Nauyin Umurni: Mutuwar da Aka Saka a Tsaron Amurka a Iraki da Afghanistan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030617/http://www.adh-geneva.ch/RULAC/ Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikice-rikice na Makamai] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411125205/http://www.iraqispecialtribunal.org/en/home.htm Kotun Musamman ta Iraki] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221121/http://www.crimesofwar.org/ Laifukan Yakin Yaki] * [https://www.un.org/law/icc/ Yarjejeniyar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501184018/http://www.sc-sl.org/ Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo] * [https://www.un.org/icty/ Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia] * [http://www.ictr.org/ Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Rwanda] * [http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/etimorindx.htm Kotun Ad-Hoc don Gabashin Timor] * [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-71-1435/conflict_war/war_criminals/ CBC Digital Archives -Yancin Adalci: Masu Laifin Laifi a Kanada] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083122/http://www.politicaanticrimen.com/sites/all/themes/bluemasters/pdfs/BJC_rjm.pdf Binciken Laifin Laifin mamaye Iraki da Mamayar Iraki Daga Ronald C. Kramer da Raymond J. Michalowski] * {{YouTube|8dtrfpVJJWg|Sri Lanka's Killing Fields: War Crimes Unpunished}} * [https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/july/investigating-human-rights Binciken 'Yancin Dan-Adam - Neman isa ga Diasporaungiyoyin Diasporaasashen Waje a Amurka don Shawarwarin Laifin Laifin Yaƙi] ( FBI ) * [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/27] Dokokin Yarjejeniyar Geneva na Burtaniya (Kwaskwarimar) Dokar 1995 - wacce ta haramta Laifukan Yaki 92c5jakd7laib4cstisjfcsxi7rd4hh 547649 547647 2024-11-28T18:29:41Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Massacre_of_Kalavryta_Memorial.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da kisan kiyashin Kalavryta]] [[File:Mass_execution_in_Kosovo_1912.jpg |thumb|Mass execution in Kosovo 1912 ]] [[File:Malmedy_Massacre.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sakamakon kisan kiyashin Malmedy a 1944, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka yiwa fursunonin yakin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka kisan kiyashi]]]] [[Fayil:Pakistan Air Force Cold War Jets.jpg|thumb|jiragen yaqi]]   '''Laifin yaki''' wani aiki ne wanda ke haifar da mummunan keta dokokin yaki wanda ke haifar da dawainiyar aikata laifi. Misalai da laifukan sun hada da gangan ya kashe fararen hula ko fursunonin, da azabtarwa, da hallaka farar hula dukiyõyin su, da aka yi garkuwa, yin wani ''perfidy, raping'', yin amfani da yara, pillaging, yana nuna cewa babu kwata za a ba, da kuma tsanani keta ka'idojin bambanci, ''proportionality'', da kuma wajibcin soja . Batun aikata laifukan yaki ya samo asali ne a karshen karni na ashirin lokacin da aka tsara kundin dokokin kasa da kasa da suka shafi yaki tsakanin kasashe masu mulkin kansu . Irin wannan bayanin ya faru ne a matakin kasa, kamar buga littafin ''Lieber Code'' a kasar Amurka, da kuma a matakin kasa da Kasa tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyoyi a lokacin yayin taron Hague na shekarun 1899 da 1907. Bugu da dari, shari'o'in da aka yi a kotunan kasa a wannan lokacin sun kara bayyana doka. Bayan karshen [[Yakin Duniya na II]], manyan cigaba a cikin dokar sun faru. Yawancin gwaji da akayi na masu aikata laifukan yaki na Axis sun kafa ka'idodin Nuremberg, kamar ra'ayin cewa laifukan yaki sun zama laifuka wadanda dokar kasa ta bayyana . Bugu da kari, Yarjejeniyar Geneva a cikin shekara ta1949 ta bayyana sabbin laifukan yaki kuma sun kafa cewa jihohi na iya yin ikon duniya game da wadannan laifukan. A karshen karni na 20 da farkon karni na 21, bayan Kirkirar kotunan kasa da kasa da yawa, an bayyana karin nau'ikan laifukan yaki da suka shafi rikice-rikicen makamai banda wadanda ke tsakanin jihohi, kamar yake-yake na cikin gida . == Tarihi == [[File:Chinese_killed_by_Japanese_Army_in_a_ditch,_Hsuchow.jpg|thumb| Wani rami cike da gawarwakin fararen hular Sinawa da sojojin Japan suka kashe a Suzhou, China, a shekarar 1938]] ==Misalan farko == Shari'ar Peter von Hagenbach da wata kotun wucin gadi ta Masarautar Roman ta Kudus ta yi a shekarar 1474 ita ce ta farko ta "laifukan yaki" ta duniya, kuma har ila yau ta alhakin daukar nauyi .<ref name="Grant">[http://www.law.harvard.edu/alumni/bulletin/2006/spring/gallery.phpExhibit highlights the first international war crimes tribunal] by Linda Grant, Harvard Law Bulletin.</ref> An kuma yanke masa hukunci kuma an fille kansa saboda aikata laifuka da cewa "shi a matsayinsa na jarumi an dauke shi yana da hakkin hanawa", duk da cewa ya dade yanayin jayayya cewa "yana bin umarnin ne kawai". A shekara ta 1865, Henry Wirz, wani hafsan Sojan Amurka, kotun soji ta tuhume shi kuma ta rataye shi saboda mummunan yanayi a Kurkukun Andersonville, inda fursunonin Yammacin tarayyar da yawa suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka. ==Yarjejeniyar Hague == Yarjejeniyar Hague ta kasance yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa da aka tattauna a taro na Zaman Lafiya na Farko da na biyu a Hague, Netherlands a shekara ta 1899 da 1907, kuma sun kasance, tare da Yarjejeniyar Geneva, daga cikin bayanan farko na dokokin yaki da laifukan yaki a kungiyar internationalasa ta duniya wacce ba ta addini ba. ==Yarjejeniyar Geneva == Yarjejeniyar Geneva yarjejeniyoyi ne masu alaqa guda hudu wadanda aka amince da su kuma aka cigaba da hadaka ta daga shekarata 1864 zuwa 1949 wadanda ke wakiltar tushen doka da tsarin gudanar da yaki karkashin dokar kasa da kasa. Kowane dayan memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a halin yanzu ya amince da yarjejeniyar, wadanda aka yarda da su a matsayin ka'idodin dokar kasa da kasa, wadanda ke suka dace da kowane yanayin rikici a duniya. Koyayar da ladabi ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva da aka zartar a cikin shekarar 1977 wanda ke dauke da mafi mahimmancin, cikakke kuma cikakkiyar kariya ta dokar agaji ta Kasa da Kasa ga mutane da abubuwa a cikin yakin zamani har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar Jihohi da yawa da ke ci gaba da fadawa cikin rikice-rikicen yaki, wato Amurka, Isra’ila, Indiya, Pakistan, Iraki, Iran, da sauransu. Dangane da haka, jihohi suna rike lambobi daban-daban da dabi'u game da halayen lokacin yaki. Wasu masu sanya hannu sun saba ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta yadda ko dai ta amfani da sahihan doka ko kuma jan ra'ayin siyasa don kaucewa ka'idoji da dokokin. An sake inganta manyan taruka uku tare da fadada na hudu wanda aka Kara a shekarar 1949: * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko ''don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda Sukaji rauni da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin kasa''' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin Raunuka da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin a Field'' an karbe shi a shekarar 1864, an yi kwaskwarima sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Tsarin shekara ta 1906, sigar shekarar 1929, daga baya kuma yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko a 1949 ). * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ''don Inganta Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa a Tekun'' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa da Ruwa a cikin Tekun'' an karɓi a shekarar 1906, muhimmanci bita da maye gurbinsu da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta shekarar 1949). * Taron Geneva na Uku ''dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki'' ( Yarjejeniyar <nowiki><i id="mwdA">dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki</i></nowiki> an zartar da ita a shekarar 1929, an yi kwaskwarima sosai tare da maye gurbin ta Taron Geneva na Uku na 1949).[[File:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg|thumb| HRW ta rubuta cewa sa-hannun da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yaman wanda ya fara a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2015, ya shafi kai hare-hare ta sama a bayyane take da dokokin yaki. ]] * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Hudu ''dangane da Kariyar Jama'a a Lokacin Yakin'' (wanda aka fara amfani da shi a shekara ta 1949, ya dogara da bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907). An karbi kariin ladabi biyu a cikin 1977 tare da na uku wanda aka Kara a shekarar 2005, kammalawa da sabunta Yarjejeniyar Geneva: * Yarjejeniyar I (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar Wadanda Rikicin Makamai na Internationalasashe ya shafa.'' * Yarjejeniyar II (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar wadanda ke fama da Rikicin Nonasashen Duniya ba.'' * Yarjejeniyar III (2005) ''dangane da Tallafin Distarin Alamar Musamman.'' === Leipzig Gwajin Laifin Yaki === An yi wa wasu tsirarun ma'aikatan sojan Jamusawa na [[Yakin Duniya na I|Yakin Duniya na]] daya hukunci a cikin 1921 da Kotun Germanoli ta Jamhuriyar ta tuhumar su da aikata laifukan yaki. === Yarjejeniyar London / Gwaji Nuremberg 1945 === An inganta tunanin zamani game da aikata laifukan yaki a karkashin kararrakin Nuremberg bisa ma'anar cikin Yarjejeniyar London da aka buga a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1945. (Hakanan duba ka'idodin Nuremberg). Tare da laifukan yaki, kundin tsarin mulkin ya kuma bayyana laifuffukan da suka shafi zaman lafiya da laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, wadanda galibi ake aikata su yayin yake-yake kuma a hada kai da laifukan yaki. === Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas 1946 === Har ila yau, ana kiranta da Titin Tokyo, Kotun Laifin Laifukan Yakin Tokyo ko kuma kawai a matsayin Kotu, an yi taronta a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1946, don gwada shugabannin Daular Japan game da laifuka iri uku: "Ajin A" (laifuka kan zaman lafiya ), "Ajin B" (laifukan yaki), da "Ajin C" (laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama), da aka aikata a lokacin [[Yakin Duniya na II]] . === Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya 2002 === [[File:My_Lai_massacre.jpg|thumb| Gawarwakin wasu daruruwan villaan ƙabilar Vietnam wadanda sojojin Amurka suka kashe a lokacin kisan kiyashin My Lai]] A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2002, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]], wata kotun da ke da hedikwata a Hague, ta kasance don gabatar da hukunce-hukuncen laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a ko bayan wannan ranar. Kasashe da dama, musamman Amurka, China, Rasha, da Isra’ila, sun soki kotun. Har yanzu Amurka na cikin masu kallo. Mataki na goma sha biyu 12 na Dokar Roma ya ba da iko kan 'yan kasa da jihohin da ba sa kwangila idan an zarge su da aikata laifi a yankin dayan bangarorin jihar. An bayyana laifuffukan yaki a cikin ƙa'idar da ta kafa Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, wanda ya hada da: # Kashe kaburbura na Yarjejeniyar Geneva, kamar su: ## Kisan ganganci, ko haddasa babbar wahala ko rauni mai tsanani ga jiki ko lafiya ## Azabtarwa ko cutar da mutum ## Rushewar doka ba bisa doka ba ko satar dukiya ## Tilasta fursunan yaki ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar maƙiya ## Haramta fursunonin yaki na hukuncin adalci ## Korar jama'a ba bisa doka ba, tsarewa ko canja wuri ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula[[File:Prisoners_on_ground_before_execution,Taejon,_South_Korea.jpg|thumb| Kisan Bodo League yayin yakin Koriya a shekarar 1950]] ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ## Kashe mayakan da aka sallama ## Amfani da tutar sulhu ## Yankin yankin da aka mamaye ## Korar mazaunan yankin da suka mamaye ## Yin amfani da makamai masu guba ## Amfani da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwa ## Yin amfani da yara sojoji ## Yin harbi a kan Magungunan Yaki tare da bayyananniyar alama. # Abubuwan da ke gudana a matsayin ɓangare na rikice-rikice ba na duniya ba: ## Kisan kai, zalunci ko wulakanta mutane da azabtarwa ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula, ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya # Abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin ɓangare na rikicin duniya:[[File:Lugansk-2014-06-18.jpeg|thumb| Fararen hula da aka kashe a luguden wuta a gabashin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] . A cewar rahoton na HRW, "Yin amfani da rokoki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a yankunan da mutane ke ciki ya sabawa dokokin jin kai na kasa da kasa, ko dokokin yaki, kuma na iya zama laifukan yaki." ]] ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Takaitawar aiwatarwa ## Ganima ## Fyade, bautar jima'i, tilasta karuwanci ko tilasta ciki Koyaya kotu tana da iko ne kawai akan wadannan laifuka inda suke "''bangare ne na wani tsari ko manufa ko kuma wani bangare na babban kwamiti na irin wadannan laifuka''". == Manyan fitattu == === Shugabannin jihohi da na gwamnati === [[File:Omar_al-Bashir,_12th_AU_Summit,_090131-N-0506A-342.jpg|thumb| Shugaban [[Sudan]] Omar al-Bashir, wanda kotun ICC ke nema saboda laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama]] Zuwa yau, na yanzu da tsoffin [[Shugaban kasa|shugabannin kasa]] da [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugabannin gwamnatocin]] da ake tuhuma da aikata laifukan yaki sun hada da: * Großadmiral na Jamus da Shugaba Karl Dönitz da Firayim Ministocin Japan da Janar-Janar Hideki Tōjō da Kuniaki Koiso a bayan yakin duniya na II. * An gabatar da tsohon shugaban kasar [[Serbiya|Serbia]] , Slobodan Miloševi to a gaban kotu, inda ake tuhumarsa da, kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama, da laifukan yaki a jamhuriyoyi uku. The tribunal found the prosecution had according to its rules and procedures; enough evidence was tailored, before the defense presentation, that, "a reasonable trier of fact, could conclude, the accused was responsible for the crimes charged." Wannan ya shafi babban nauyi na tuhumar Bosnia da Croatia, da kuma alhakin kowane mutum na tuhumar Kosovo. Babu wani hukunci da aka yanke, duk da haka, tunda ya mutu a tsare a cikin 2006, kafin a kammala shari'ar. * Shi ma tsohon shugaban Laberiya Charles G. Taylor an kawo shi a Hague ana tuhumarsa da laifukan yaki; shari'arsa ta faro ne daga 2007 zuwa Maris 2011. An yanke masa hukunci a cikin Afrilu na 2012 na taimakawa da tallafawa laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama. * An kama tsohon Shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya Radovan Karadžić a Belgrade a ranar 18 ga Yulin 2008 kuma aka gabatar da shi a gaban Kotun Laifukan Yakin Yakin na Belgrade kwanaki kadan bayan haka. An mika shi zuwa Netherlands, kuma a yanzu haka yana Hague, a hannun kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta tsohuwar Yugoslavia . An fara shari'ar a cikin 2010. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2016, an same shi da laifin kisan kare dangi a Srebrenica, laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama, 10 cikin tuhume-tuhume 11 gaba daya, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 40. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a kan roko. * Omar al-Bashir, tsohon shugaban [[Sudan|kasar Sudan]], ana tuhumarsa da aikata laifuka uku na kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama da sauran laifukan yaki dangane da yakin 2003– a yankin Darfur na Sudan. Shugaban kasa na farko da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ke tuhuma da kisan kare dangi tare da samin sammacin kama mutane a Darfur .[[File:Sahbag.jpg|thumb|287x287px| Zanga-zangar shekarar 2013 ta Shahbag ta bukaci a zartar da hukuncin kisa ga masu aikata laifukan yaki na yakin ‘yanci na Bangladesh na 1971]] * An gurfanar da tsohon shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi|Libya Muammar Gaddafi]] bisa zargin bada umarnin kisan masu zanga-zanga da fararen hula da Laifukan cin zarafin bil adama, a lokacin yakin basasar Libya na 2011, amma, an kashe shi kafin ya iya fuskantar shari'a a watan Oktoban 2011. === Sauran fitattun masu gabatar da kara === * Yoshijirō Umezu, janar a cikin Sojojin Japan na Sarki * Seishirō Itagaki, Ministan Yaki na Daular Japan * Hermann Göring, Kwamandan Babban Luftwaffe . * Ernst Kaltenbrunner da Adolf Eichmann, manyan membobin SS . * Wilhelm Keitel, Janarfeldmarschall, shugaban kungiyar Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . * Erich Raeder, Großadmiral, Babban Kwamandan Babban Kriegsmarine . * Albert Speer, Ministan Makamai da Samar da Yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Nazi Jamus 1942–45. * William Calley, tsohon hafsan sojan Amurka an same shi da laifin kisan kai saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan kiyashin My Lai * Ali Hassan Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, wanda aka fi sani da laƙabi da "Chemical Ali", wanda bayan Ba'athist Iraq ya zartar da hukuncin kisan gilla a [[Kurdawa|ƙauyukan Kurdawa]] a lokacin yakin Iran da Iraki; [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|sannan kuma gwamnan Kuwait da ya]] mamaye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a lokacin Yaƙin Fasha na Farko * Ratko Mladić, wanda aka gurfanar da kisan kare dangi a tsakanin sauran take hakkin bil'adama a lokacin yakin Bosnia ; an kama shi a Serbia a watan Mayu na 2011 kuma an mika shi don fuskantar shari'a a Hague, inda aka same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. * Joseph Kony, shugaban kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƴan Tawaye na Ubangiji|'yan tawaye ta Lord Resistance Army]], kungiyar' yan daba da ke aiki a Uganda. == Ma'ana == [[File:Polish_hostages_preparing_by_Nazi_Germans_for_mass_execution_1940.jpg|thumb| A hoto dauka da Polish Karkashin kasa na Nazi asirin 'yan sanda Ƙididdigar up Polish kawo dukkan at Palmiry kusa [[Warszawa|Warsaw]] a 1940 domin taro kisa ( ''AB-Aktion'' )]] Laifukan yaƙi babban keta ƙa'idoji ne na dokokin al'adu da yarjejeniya game da dokar ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yarda da ita  a matsayin laifukan aikata laifi wanda akwai alhakin mutum ɗaya. Ma'anar ''hada-hada ta aikata laifukan yaki'' sun hada da keta ka'idojin kariya na ''dokokin yaki'', amma kuma ya hada da gazawa wajen bin ka'idojin aiki da ka'idojin yaki, kamar kai hari ga wadanda ke nuna tutar lumana ta sulhu, ko amfani da waccan tutar a matsayin dabara don hawa hari kan sojojin abokan gaba. A amfani da sinadaran da nazarin halittu makamai a yaƙi suna kuma haramta ta da yawa sinadaran makamai iko da yarjejeniyar da kuma Halittu Makamai Yarjejeniyar . Sanye da makiya kayan ko fararen kaya zuwa infiltrate maƙiyi Lines ga leken asirin ko ɓarna da gangan manufa ne istinbadi magajinsa na yaki, ko yãƙi a fama ko kisan gilla mutane bayan maƙiyi Lines yayin da haka ya ɓadda ba, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi m perfidy. Kai wa sojojin abokan gaba hari yayin da ake tura su ta hanyar hanyar leken asiri ba laifin yaki ba ne. Koyaya, Protocol I, Mataki na 42 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana kai hari ga masu lalatattun fastocin da suke fatarar jirgin nakasassu da masu ba da izinin sauƙaƙe da zarar sun sauka. Mataki na 30 na Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907 ta ''IV - Dokoki da Kwastam na Yaƙi a expasa'' a bayyane ya hana mayaƙan horo don azabtar da iesan leƙen asirin ba tare da shari'ar da ta gabata ba. Dokar yaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rikicin Makamai, yana ba da izinin mahauta su shiga faɗa. Laifin yaƙi yana faruwa yayin da aka yi wa maƙiyi rauni ko azabar da ba dole ba. Laifukan yaƙi sun haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar cutar da fursunonin yaƙi ko fararen hula . Laifukan yaki wani lokacin wani bangare ne na lokuta na kisan gilla da kisan kare dangi duk da cewa wadannan laifuffuka an fi rufe su sosai a karkashin dokar agaji ta duniya da aka bayyana a matsayin laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama . A shekara ta 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da kuduri mai lamba 1820, wanda ya nuna cewa "fyade da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafin mata na iya zama laifukan yaki, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama ko kuma aiwatar da wani babban aiki dangane da kisan kare dangi"; ga kuma yakin fyade A shekarar 2016, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta]] yanke wa wani hukuncin cin zarafin mata a karon farko; musamman, sun kara fyade ga hukuncin laifukan yaki na Mataimakin Shugaban Kwango [[Jean-Pierre Bemba|Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo]] . [[File:Soviet_soldiers_mass_grave,_German_war_prisoners_concentration_camp_in_Deblin,_German-occupied_Poland.jpg|thumb| Babban kabarin USSR POWs, Jamusawa suka kashe. Kimanin POWs Soviet miliyan 3.3 suka mutu a hannun Nazi .]] Laifukan yaƙi kuma sun haɗa da kai hare-hare da gangan kan 'yan ƙasa da dukiyar ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki, kamar harin Jafananci akan Pearl Harbor . Yayinda harin da aka kai kan Pearl Harbor ya faru yayin da Amurka da Japan suke cikin lumana kuma ba tare da wani dalili na kare kai ba, Kotun Tokyo ta ayyana harin don wucewa ta hanyar tabbatar da wajibcin soja don haka ya zama laifin yaki. Laifukan yaƙi suna da mahimmanci a dokar agaji ta ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yanki ne da aka haɗu da kotunan ƙasa da ƙasa kamar na Nuremberg da Tokyo . Misalai na baya-bayan nan sune Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta Yugoslavia da kuma Kotun hukunta masu manyan laifuka ta Ruwanda, wadanda Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin Kashi na VIII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kafa . A karkashin Ka'idojin Nuremberg, ''laifukan yaki'' sun banbanta da na cin zarafin zaman lafiya . Laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya sun hada da shiryawa, shiryawa, farawa, ko yin yakin wuce gona da iri, ko yakin keta yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, yarjejeniyoyi, ko kuma tabbaci. Saboda za a iya muhawara kan ma'anar yanayin "yaki", kalmar "laifukan yaki" kanta ta ga amfani daban-daban a karkashin tsarin daban-daban na dokar kasa da kasa da ta soja. Yana da ɗan mataki na aikace-aikace a waje da abin da wasu za su iya ɗauka a matsayin yanayin "yaƙi", amma a cikin yankunan da rikice-rikice suka ci gaba har suka haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar jama'a. A wasu lokuta ana zargin shari'o'in yaƙi da ƙunshe da fifiko ga waɗanda suka yi nasara (" Adalcin Victor "), kamar yadda ba a zartar da wasu rikice-rikice a matsayin laifukan yaƙi ba. Wasu misalai sun hada da halakar Allies na biranen Axis a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], kamar fashewar wuta na Dresden, harin <nowiki><i id="mwAbw">Ofishin Taro</i></nowiki> a Tokyo (mummunan harin bam guda ɗaya a tarihi), da fashewar atom na Hiroshima da Nagasaki . Dangane da harin bama-bamai lokacin yakin duniya na II, babu wata yarjejeniya ko kayan aiki na duniya da ke kare fararen hula musamman daga harin jirgin sama, saboda haka hare-hare ta sama kan fararen hula ba laifukan yaƙi a hukumance bane. Allies a shari’ar a [[Nuremberg]] da [[Tokyo]] ba su taɓa gurfanar da Jamusawa ba, gami da babban kwamandan Luftwaffe Hermann Göring, don kai harin bam a Warsaw, Rotterdam, da biranen Biritaniya a lokacin Blitz da kuma hare-haren wuce gona da iri kan biranen kawancen tare da V -1 bama-bamai masu tashi sama da roket V-2, ko Jafananci don kai hare-hare ta sama kan biranen China cike da mutane. Kodayake babu wasu yarjejeniyoyi musamman game da yakin jirgi, Yarjejeniya ta 1, Mataki na 51 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana yin ruwan bama-bamai a biranen da fararen hula za su iya zama ba tare da la'akari da kowace hanya ba. (duba bama-bamai na sama da dokar ƙasa ). Rikici ya faru ne lokacin da Allies suka sake sanya POWs na Jamusanci (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1929 akan fursunonin yaƙi ) a matsayin Enungiyar Maƙiya ta ararya (ana zargin ba a kiyaye ta 1929 Geneva Yarjejeniyar kan Fursunonin Yaƙi ba), da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don tilasta aiki kamar share filayen ma'adinai . <ref name="Modern History 1994 pp. 487">S. P. MacKenzie "The Treatment of Prisoners of War in World War II" ''The Journal of Modern History'', Vol. 66, No. 3. (Sep. 1994), pp. 487–520.</ref> Zuwa Disamba 1945, watanni shida bayan yakin ya ƙare, hukumomin Faransa sun kiyasta cewa har yanzu ana kashe ko raunata fursunonin Jamusawa dubu biyu kowane wata a cikin haɗarin kwance ma'adinai. An canza kalmomin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1949 na 1949 da gangan daga na 1929 don Sojojin da suka "fada cikin iko" biyo bayan mika wuya ko yawan garkuwar makiyi yanzu an ba su kariya da kuma wadanda aka kama fursuna yayin yakin. {{Clear}}A karkashin dokar rikici (LOAC), mutuwar waɗanda ba sa yaƙin ba dole ba ne cin zarafi; akwai abubuwa da yawa don la'akari. ''Ba'' za a iya sanya fararen hula abin abin kai hari ba, amma mutuwa / rauni ga fararen hula yayin gudanar da hari kan manufar soja ana mulkinta ne a karkashin ka'idoji kamar na daidaito da bukatar sojoji kuma ana iya halatta. Wajabcin soja "yana ba da izinin halakar rayuwar&nbsp;... mutanen da rikice-rikicen yaƙe-yaƙe ba za su iya kiyaye halakar su ba;&nbsp;... baya ba da izinin kashe bayin Allah marasa laifi don ramuwar gayya ko gamsar da sha'awar kashewa. Lalata dukiya don halal ya zama tilas dole ne a buƙaci buƙatun yaƙi. ” Misali, gudanar da aiki a rumbun ajiye makamai ko sansanin horar da 'yan ta'adda ba za a hana shi ba saboda wani manomi yana nome gona a yankin; manomi ba shine abin kawo hari ba kuma ayyukan zasuyi daidai da karfin soja. A gefe guda, fa'idodin soja na ban mamaki zai zama dole don tabbatar da aikin da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa ko rauni ga dubban fararen hula. A cikin "grayer" shari'ar tambaya game da ko cutarwa da ake tsammani ta wuce gona da iri na iya zama mai ma'ana sosai. A saboda wannan dalili, Jihohi suka zaɓi amfani da mizanin "a sarari" don ƙayyade ko keta haddin laifi ya faru. Lokacin da babu wata hujja don aikin soja, kamar farar hula da aka sanya su abin kai hari, binciken kwatankwacin ba shi da muhimmanci don yanke hukuncin cewa harin ba shi da doka. === Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia === Don bugun iska, matukan jirgi gaba ɗaya sun dogara da bayanan da ke fitowa daga kafofin waje (hedkwatar, sojojin ƙasa) cewa takamaiman matsayi shine ainihin abin sojan soja. Game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia, matukan jirgin NATO sun buge wani abu na farar hula ( ofishin jakadancin China a Belgrade ) wanda ba shi da muhimmancin soja, amma matukan jirgin ba su da ra'ayin yanke shi baya ga umarninsu. Kwamitin ya yanke hukuncin cewa "ba za a sanya wa jirgin saman da ke da hannu cikin harin ba saboda an ba su mummunar manufa kuma bai dace ba a yi kokarin sanya alhakin aikata laifi ga abin da ya faru ga manyan shugabanni saboda an ba su bayanai marasa kyau. ta jami'an wata hukumar ". Rahoton ya kuma lura da cewa "Mafi yawan kayan da aka gabatar wa OTP sun kunshi rahotanni ne cewa an kashe fararen hula, galibi ana kiran a kammala da cewa an aikata laifuka. Raunin jingina ga fararen hula da lalata kayayyakin farar hula na iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai. ” === Dokar Rendulic === An tuhumi Janar Lothar Rendulic na Jamusawa da bayar da umarnin rusa gine-gine da filayen fararen hula yayin da yake ja da baya daga wani harin da ake zargin abokan gaba da shi a cikin abin da ake kira siyasar duniya da aka kona saboda manufar soja ta hana amfani da fili ga makiya. Ya wuce gona da iri da aka hango amma yana jayayya cewa Hague IV ya ba da izinin halakar saboda ya zama wajibi a yi yaƙi. An wanke shi daga wannan tuhumar. Underarkashin "Dokar Rendulic" dole ne mutane su tantance wajibcin aikin soja bisa la’akari da bayanan da suke da su a wancan lokacin; ba za a iya yanke musu hukunci ba dangane da bayanan da suka zo a bayyane. == Duba wasu abubuwan == === Jerin ƙasar === * Jerin laifukan yaki * Zaluncin Bangladesh 1971 * Laifukan yaƙi na ƙawance yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II * Laifukan yaki na Burtaniya * Laifukan yakin na Jamus ** Sakamakon Naziyanci na Jamusawa ** Holocaust ** Laifukan yaƙi na Wehrmacht * Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas * [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Kungiyar Daular Islama ta Iraki da binciken laifukan yaki na Levant]] * Laifin yakin Italiya * Laifukan yakin Japan * Tsoma bakin da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yemen * Laifukan Yaƙin Koriya * Laifukan yakin Soviet * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijan Amurka kan Philippines * Amurka laifukan yaki === Matsalolin doka === * Dokar Kariyar Ba-Amurke * Umurnin umarni * Dokar yaƙi * Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikici na Rikici (RULAC) * Russell Tribunal * Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo * Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya da mamaye Iraki a 2003 * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki (Belgium) * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki na 1996 - shigar da Laifukan Yaki a cikin dokar Amurka * Ikon duniya === Dabam-dabam === * Tarihin Ta'addanci * Mai shiga tsakani na farar hula * Umurnin Commando * Commissar oda * Laifuka akan bil'adama * Laifi akan zaman lafiya * Laifin zalunci * Gwajin likitoci * Masana kimiyya * Garkuwar ɗan adam * Binciken Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Katyn kisan gilla * Jerin sunayen tsoffin citizensan asalin ƙasar Amurka waɗanda ba a ba su izini ba, gami da waɗanda aka ba su labarin don ɓoye hannu a cikin laifukan yaƙi don samun citizenshipan ƙasar * Kwashewa * Laifin Mass Laifi * Kashe mutane * Soja amfani da yara * Nazarin ɗan adam na Nazi * Kisan fursinonin NKVD * Babu kwata * Ka'idojin Nuremberg * Farancin * Razakars (Pakistan) * Aikin Sentinel na Tauraron Dan Adam * Kashe-kashen Srebrenica * Ta'addancin Jiha * Tashin bom * Adalcin wucin gadi * Mayaki mara doka * Tashin hankali lokacin tashin hankali * Binciken Sojoji na Hunturu == Manazarta ==   == Kara karantawa == *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRobert_Cryer2007">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87609-4|978-0-521-87609-4]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYôrām_Dinstein2004">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-54227-2|978-0-521-54227-2]]</cite></bdi> * Hagopian, Patrick (2013). ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Amurka: Laifukan Yaki da Iyakokin Dokokin Duniya.'' Amherst, MA: Jami'ar Massachusetts Latsa. *   <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHorvitzCatherwood2011">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-8160-8083-0|978-0-8160-8083-0]]</cite></bdi>  *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMalcolm_N._Shaw2008">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-72814-0|978-0-521-72814-0]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGary_D._Solis2010">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87088-7|978-0-521-87088-7]]</cite></bdi> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Laifuka akan Bil'adama * [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]] * Dokar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Dokar Doka == Sauran manazarta == * [http://abmm.org Bunker na Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Soja - abmm.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330053010/https://abmm.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }} *   *   *   *   * [http://www.usfca.edu/philosophy/pdf%20files/War%20Crimes-%20Responsibility%20and%20the%20Psychology%20of%20Atrocity.pdf Laifin Yaƙi: Yaƙi da Ilimin Hauka na Zalunci]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080114162221/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/06221-etn-hrf-dic-rep-web.pdf Nauyin Umurni: Mutuwar da Aka Saka a Tsaron Amurka a Iraki da Afghanistan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030617/http://www.adh-geneva.ch/RULAC/ Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikice-rikice na Makamai] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411125205/http://www.iraqispecialtribunal.org/en/home.htm Kotun Musamman ta Iraki] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221121/http://www.crimesofwar.org/ Laifukan Yakin Yaki] * [https://www.un.org/law/icc/ Yarjejeniyar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501184018/http://www.sc-sl.org/ Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo] * [https://www.un.org/icty/ Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia] * [http://www.ictr.org/ Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Rwanda] * [http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/etimorindx.htm Kotun Ad-Hoc don Gabashin Timor] * [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-71-1435/conflict_war/war_criminals/ CBC Digital Archives -Yancin Adalci: Masu Laifin Laifi a Kanada] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083122/http://www.politicaanticrimen.com/sites/all/themes/bluemasters/pdfs/BJC_rjm.pdf Binciken Laifin Laifin mamaye Iraki da Mamayar Iraki Daga Ronald C. Kramer da Raymond J. Michalowski] * {{YouTube|8dtrfpVJJWg|Sri Lanka's Killing Fields: War Crimes Unpunished}} * [https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/july/investigating-human-rights Binciken 'Yancin Dan-Adam - Neman isa ga Diasporaungiyoyin Diasporaasashen Waje a Amurka don Shawarwarin Laifin Laifin Yaƙi] ( FBI ) * [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/27] Dokokin Yarjejeniyar Geneva na Burtaniya (Kwaskwarimar) Dokar 1995 - wacce ta haramta Laifukan Yaki e1828c9q29u1zymhsenm2spswbdqji9 547650 547649 2024-11-28T18:31:07Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Massacre_of_Kalavryta_Memorial.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da kisan kiyashin Kalavryta]] [[File:Mass_execution_in_Kosovo_1912.jpg |thumb|Mass execution in Kosovo 1912 ]] [[File:Malmedy_Massacre.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sakamakon kisan kiyashin Malmedy a 1944, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka yiwa fursunonin yakin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka kisan kiyashi]]]] [[Fayil:Pakistan Air Force Cold War Jets.jpg|thumb|jiragen yaqi]]   '''Laifin yaki''' wani aiki ne wanda ke haifar da mummunan keta dokokin yaki wanda ke haifar da dawainiyar aikata laifi. Misalai da laifukan sun hada da gangan ya kashe fararen hula ko fursunonin, da azabtarwa, da hallaka farar hula dukiyõyin su, da aka yi garkuwa, yin wani ''perfidy, raping'', yin amfani da yara, pillaging, yana nuna cewa babu kwata za a ba, da kuma tsanani keta ka'idojin bambanci, ''proportionality'', da kuma wajibcin soja . Batun aikata laifukan yaki ya samo asali ne a karshen karni na ashirin lokacin da aka tsara kundin dokokin kasa da kasa da suka shafi yaki tsakanin kasashe masu mulkin kansu . Irin wannan bayanin ya faru ne a matakin kasa, kamar buga littafin ''Lieber Code'' a kasar Amurka, da kuma a matakin kasa da Kasa tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyoyi a lokacin yayin taron Hague na shekarun 1899 da shekarar 1907. Bugu da dari, shari'o'in da aka yi a kotunan kasa a wannan lokacin sun kara bayyana doka. Bayan karshen [[Yakin Duniya na II]], manyan cigaba a cikin dokar sun faru. Yawancin gwaji da akayi na masu aikata laifukan yaki na Axis sun kafa ka'idodin Nuremberg, kamar ra'ayin cewa laifukan yaki sun zama laifuka wadanda dokar kasa ta bayyana . Bugu da kari, Yarjejeniyar Geneva a cikin shekara ta 1949 ta bayyana sabbin laifukan yaki kuma sun kafa cewa jihohi na iya yin ikon duniya game da wadannan laifukan. A karshen karni na 20 da farkon karni na 21, bayan Kirkirar kotunan kasa da kasa da yawa, an bayyana karin nau'ikan laifukan yaki da suka shafi rikice-rikicen makamai banda wadanda ke tsakanin jihohi, kamar yake-yake na cikin gida . == Tarihi == [[File:Chinese_killed_by_Japanese_Army_in_a_ditch,_Hsuchow.jpg|thumb| Wani rami cike da gawarwakin fararen hular Sinawa da sojojin Japan suka kashe a Suzhou, China, a shekarar 1938]] ==Misalan farko == Shari'ar Peter von Hagenbach da wata kotun wucin gadi ta Masarautar Roman ta Kudus ta yi a shekarar 1474 ita ce ta farko ta "laifukan yaki" ta duniya, kuma har ila yau ta alhakin daukar nauyi .<ref name="Grant">[http://www.law.harvard.edu/alumni/bulletin/2006/spring/gallery.phpExhibit highlights the first international war crimes tribunal] by Linda Grant, Harvard Law Bulletin.</ref> An kuma yanke masa hukunci kuma an fille kansa saboda aikata laifuka da cewa "shi a matsayinsa na jarumi an dauke shi yana da hakkin hanawa", duk da cewa ya dade yanayin jayayya cewa "yana bin umarnin ne kawai". A shekara ta 1865, Henry Wirz, wani hafsan Sojan Amurka, kotun soji ta tuhume shi kuma ta rataye shi saboda mummunan yanayi a Kurkukun Andersonville, inda fursunonin Yammacin tarayyar da yawa suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka. ==Yarjejeniyar Hague == Yarjejeniyar Hague ta kasance yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa da aka tattauna a taro na Zaman Lafiya na Farko da na biyu a Hague, Netherlands a shekara ta 1899 da 1907, kuma sun kasance, tare da Yarjejeniyar Geneva, daga cikin bayanan farko na dokokin yaki da laifukan yaki a kungiyar internationalasa ta duniya wacce ba ta addini ba. ==Yarjejeniyar Geneva == Yarjejeniyar Geneva yarjejeniyoyi ne masu alaqa guda hudu wadanda aka amince da su kuma aka cigaba da hadaka ta daga shekara ta 1864 zuwa shekarar 1949 wadanda ke wakiltar tushen doka da tsarin gudanar da yaki karkashin dokar kasa da kasa. Kowane dayan memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a halin yanzu ya amince da yarjejeniyar, wadanda aka yarda da su a matsayin ka'idodin dokar kasa da kasa, wadanda ke suka dace da kowane yanayin rikici a duniya. Koyayar da ladabi ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva da aka zartar a cikin shekarar 1977 wanda ke dauke da mafi mahimmancin, cikakke kuma cikakkiyar kariya ta dokar agaji ta Kasa da Kasa ga mutane da abubuwa a cikin yakin zamani har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar Jihohi da yawa da ke ci gaba da fadawa cikin rikice-rikicen yaki, wato Amurka, Isra’ila, Indiya, Pakistan, Iraki, Iran, da sauransu. Dangane da haka, jihohi suna rike lambobi daban-daban da dabi'u game da halayen lokacin yaki. Wasu masu sanya hannu sun saba ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta yadda ko dai ta amfani da sahihan doka ko kuma jan ra'ayin siyasa don kaucewa ka'idoji da dokokin. An sake inganta manyan taruka uku tare da fadada na hudu wanda aka Kara a shekarar 1949: * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko ''don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda Sukaji rauni da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin kasa''' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin Raunuka da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin a Field'' an karbe shi a shekarar 1864, an yi kwaskwarima sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Tsarin shekara ta 1906, sigar shekarar 1929, daga baya kuma yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko shekarar 1949 ). * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ''don Inganta Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa a Tekun'' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa da Ruwa a cikin Tekun'' an karɓi a shekarar 1906, muhimmanci bita da maye gurbinsu da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta shekarar 1949). * Taron Geneva na Uku ''dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki'' ( Yarjejeniyar <nowiki><i id="mwdA">dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki</i></nowiki> an zartar da ita a shekarar 1929, an yi kwaskwarima sosai tare da maye gurbin ta Taron Geneva na Uku na shekarar 1949).[[File:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg|thumb| HRW ta rubuta cewa sa-hannun da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yaman wanda ya fara a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2015, ya shafi kai hare-hare ta sama a bayyane take da dokokin yaki. ]] * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Hudu ''dangane da Kariyar Jama'a a Lokacin Yakin'' (wanda aka fara amfani da shi a shekara ta 1949, ya dogara da bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Hague ta shekarar 1907). An karbi kariin ladabi biyu a cikin shekara ta 1977 tare da na uku wanda aka Kara a shekarar 2005, kammalawa da sabunta Yarjejeniyar Geneva: * Yarjejeniyar I (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar Wadanda Rikicin Makamai na Internationalasashe ya shafa.'' * Yarjejeniyar II (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar wadanda ke fama da Rikicin Nonasashen Duniya ba.'' * Yarjejeniyar III (2005) ''dangane da Tallafin Distarin Alamar Musamman.'' === Leipzig Gwajin Laifin Yaki === An yi wa wasu tsirarun ma'aikatan sojan Jamusawa na [[Yakin Duniya na I|Yakin Duniya na]] daya hukunci a cikin 1921 da Kotun Germanoli ta Jamhuriyar ta tuhumar su da aikata laifukan yaki. === Yarjejeniyar London / Gwaji Nuremberg 1945 === An inganta tunanin zamani game da aikata laifukan yaki a karkashin kararrakin Nuremberg bisa ma'anar cikin Yarjejeniyar London da aka buga a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1945. (Hakanan duba ka'idodin Nuremberg). Tare da laifukan yaki, kundin tsarin mulkin ya kuma bayyana laifuffukan da suka shafi zaman lafiya da laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, wadanda galibi ake aikata su yayin yake-yake kuma a hada kai da laifukan yaki. === Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas 1946 === Har ila yau, ana kiranta da Titin Tokyo, Kotun Laifin Laifukan Yakin Tokyo ko kuma kawai a matsayin Kotu, an yi taronta a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1946, don gwada shugabannin Daular Japan game da laifuka iri uku: "Ajin A" (laifuka kan zaman lafiya ), "Ajin B" (laifukan yaki), da "Ajin C" (laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama), da aka aikata a lokacin [[Yakin Duniya na II]] . === Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya 2002 === [[File:My_Lai_massacre.jpg|thumb| Gawarwakin wasu daruruwan villaan ƙabilar Vietnam wadanda sojojin Amurka suka kashe a lokacin kisan kiyashin My Lai]] A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2002, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]], wata kotun da ke da hedikwata a Hague, ta kasance don gabatar da hukunce-hukuncen laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a ko bayan wannan ranar. Kasashe da dama, musamman Amurka, China, Rasha, da Isra’ila, sun soki kotun. Har yanzu Amurka na cikin masu kallo. Mataki na goma sha biyu 12 na Dokar Roma ya ba da iko kan 'yan kasa da jihohin da ba sa kwangila idan an zarge su da aikata laifi a yankin dayan bangarorin jihar. An bayyana laifuffukan yaki a cikin ƙa'idar da ta kafa Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, wanda ya hada da: # Kashe kaburbura na Yarjejeniyar Geneva, kamar su: ## Kisan ganganci, ko haddasa babbar wahala ko rauni mai tsanani ga jiki ko lafiya ## Azabtarwa ko cutar da mutum ## Rushewar doka ba bisa doka ba ko satar dukiya ## Tilasta fursunan yaki ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar maƙiya ## Haramta fursunonin yaki na hukuncin adalci ## Korar jama'a ba bisa doka ba, tsarewa ko canja wuri ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula[[File:Prisoners_on_ground_before_execution,Taejon,_South_Korea.jpg|thumb| Kisan Bodo League yayin yakin Koriya a shekarar 1950]] ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ## Kashe mayakan da aka sallama ## Amfani da tutar sulhu ## Yankin yankin da aka mamaye ## Korar mazaunan yankin da suka mamaye ## Yin amfani da makamai masu guba ## Amfani da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwa ## Yin amfani da yara sojoji ## Yin harbi a kan Magungunan Yaki tare da bayyananniyar alama. # Abubuwan da ke gudana a matsayin ɓangare na rikice-rikice ba na duniya ba: ## Kisan kai, zalunci ko wulakanta mutane da azabtarwa ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula, ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya # Abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin ɓangare na rikicin duniya:[[File:Lugansk-2014-06-18.jpeg|thumb| Fararen hula da aka kashe a luguden wuta a gabashin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] . A cewar rahoton na HRW, "Yin amfani da rokoki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a yankunan da mutane ke ciki ya sabawa dokokin jin kai na kasa da kasa, ko dokokin yaki, kuma na iya zama laifukan yaki." ]] ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Takaitawar aiwatarwa ## Ganima ## Fyade, bautar jima'i, tilasta karuwanci ko tilasta ciki Koyaya kotu tana da iko ne kawai akan wadannan laifuka inda suke "''bangare ne na wani tsari ko manufa ko kuma wani bangare na babban kwamiti na irin wadannan laifuka''". == Manyan fitattu == === Shugabannin jihohi da na gwamnati === [[File:Omar_al-Bashir,_12th_AU_Summit,_090131-N-0506A-342.jpg|thumb| Shugaban [[Sudan]] Omar al-Bashir, wanda kotun ICC ke nema saboda laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama]] Zuwa yau, na yanzu da tsoffin [[Shugaban kasa|shugabannin kasa]] da [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugabannin gwamnatocin]] da ake tuhuma da aikata laifukan yaki sun hada da: * Großadmiral na Jamus da Shugaba Karl Dönitz da Firayim Ministocin Japan da Janar-Janar Hideki Tōjō da Kuniaki Koiso a bayan yakin duniya na II. * An gabatar da tsohon shugaban kasar [[Serbiya|Serbia]] , Slobodan Miloševi to a gaban kotu, inda ake tuhumarsa da, kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama, da laifukan yaki a jamhuriyoyi uku. The tribunal found the prosecution had according to its rules and procedures; enough evidence was tailored, before the defense presentation, that, "a reasonable trier of fact, could conclude, the accused was responsible for the crimes charged." Wannan ya shafi babban nauyi na tuhumar Bosnia da Croatia, da kuma alhakin kowane mutum na tuhumar Kosovo. Babu wani hukunci da aka yanke, duk da haka, tunda ya mutu a tsare a cikin 2006, kafin a kammala shari'ar. * Shi ma tsohon shugaban Laberiya Charles G. Taylor an kawo shi a Hague ana tuhumarsa da laifukan yaki; shari'arsa ta faro ne daga 2007 zuwa Maris 2011. An yanke masa hukunci a cikin Afrilu na 2012 na taimakawa da tallafawa laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama. * An kama tsohon Shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya Radovan Karadžić a Belgrade a ranar 18 ga Yulin 2008 kuma aka gabatar da shi a gaban Kotun Laifukan Yakin Yakin na Belgrade kwanaki kadan bayan haka. An mika shi zuwa Netherlands, kuma a yanzu haka yana Hague, a hannun kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta tsohuwar Yugoslavia . An fara shari'ar a cikin 2010. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2016, an same shi da laifin kisan kare dangi a Srebrenica, laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama, 10 cikin tuhume-tuhume 11 gaba daya, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 40. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a kan roko. * Omar al-Bashir, tsohon shugaban [[Sudan|kasar Sudan]], ana tuhumarsa da aikata laifuka uku na kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama da sauran laifukan yaki dangane da yakin 2003– a yankin Darfur na Sudan. Shugaban kasa na farko da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ke tuhuma da kisan kare dangi tare da samin sammacin kama mutane a Darfur .[[File:Sahbag.jpg|thumb|287x287px| Zanga-zangar shekarar 2013 ta Shahbag ta bukaci a zartar da hukuncin kisa ga masu aikata laifukan yaki na yakin ‘yanci na Bangladesh na 1971]] * An gurfanar da tsohon shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi|Libya Muammar Gaddafi]] bisa zargin bada umarnin kisan masu zanga-zanga da fararen hula da Laifukan cin zarafin bil adama, a lokacin yakin basasar Libya na 2011, amma, an kashe shi kafin ya iya fuskantar shari'a a watan Oktoban 2011. === Sauran fitattun masu gabatar da kara === * Yoshijirō Umezu, janar a cikin Sojojin Japan na Sarki * Seishirō Itagaki, Ministan Yaki na Daular Japan * Hermann Göring, Kwamandan Babban Luftwaffe . * Ernst Kaltenbrunner da Adolf Eichmann, manyan membobin SS . * Wilhelm Keitel, Janarfeldmarschall, shugaban kungiyar Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . * Erich Raeder, Großadmiral, Babban Kwamandan Babban Kriegsmarine . * Albert Speer, Ministan Makamai da Samar da Yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Nazi Jamus 1942–45. * William Calley, tsohon hafsan sojan Amurka an same shi da laifin kisan kai saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan kiyashin My Lai * Ali Hassan Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, wanda aka fi sani da laƙabi da "Chemical Ali", wanda bayan Ba'athist Iraq ya zartar da hukuncin kisan gilla a [[Kurdawa|ƙauyukan Kurdawa]] a lokacin yakin Iran da Iraki; [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|sannan kuma gwamnan Kuwait da ya]] mamaye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a lokacin Yaƙin Fasha na Farko * Ratko Mladić, wanda aka gurfanar da kisan kare dangi a tsakanin sauran take hakkin bil'adama a lokacin yakin Bosnia ; an kama shi a Serbia a watan Mayu na 2011 kuma an mika shi don fuskantar shari'a a Hague, inda aka same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. * Joseph Kony, shugaban kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƴan Tawaye na Ubangiji|'yan tawaye ta Lord Resistance Army]], kungiyar' yan daba da ke aiki a Uganda. == Ma'ana == [[File:Polish_hostages_preparing_by_Nazi_Germans_for_mass_execution_1940.jpg|thumb| A hoto dauka da Polish Karkashin kasa na Nazi asirin 'yan sanda Ƙididdigar up Polish kawo dukkan at Palmiry kusa [[Warszawa|Warsaw]] a 1940 domin taro kisa ( ''AB-Aktion'' )]] Laifukan yaƙi babban keta ƙa'idoji ne na dokokin al'adu da yarjejeniya game da dokar ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yarda da ita  a matsayin laifukan aikata laifi wanda akwai alhakin mutum ɗaya. Ma'anar ''hada-hada ta aikata laifukan yaki'' sun hada da keta ka'idojin kariya na ''dokokin yaki'', amma kuma ya hada da gazawa wajen bin ka'idojin aiki da ka'idojin yaki, kamar kai hari ga wadanda ke nuna tutar lumana ta sulhu, ko amfani da waccan tutar a matsayin dabara don hawa hari kan sojojin abokan gaba. A amfani da sinadaran da nazarin halittu makamai a yaƙi suna kuma haramta ta da yawa sinadaran makamai iko da yarjejeniyar da kuma Halittu Makamai Yarjejeniyar . Sanye da makiya kayan ko fararen kaya zuwa infiltrate maƙiyi Lines ga leken asirin ko ɓarna da gangan manufa ne istinbadi magajinsa na yaki, ko yãƙi a fama ko kisan gilla mutane bayan maƙiyi Lines yayin da haka ya ɓadda ba, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi m perfidy. Kai wa sojojin abokan gaba hari yayin da ake tura su ta hanyar hanyar leken asiri ba laifin yaki ba ne. Koyaya, Protocol I, Mataki na 42 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana kai hari ga masu lalatattun fastocin da suke fatarar jirgin nakasassu da masu ba da izinin sauƙaƙe da zarar sun sauka. Mataki na 30 na Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907 ta ''IV - Dokoki da Kwastam na Yaƙi a expasa'' a bayyane ya hana mayaƙan horo don azabtar da iesan leƙen asirin ba tare da shari'ar da ta gabata ba. Dokar yaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rikicin Makamai, yana ba da izinin mahauta su shiga faɗa. Laifin yaƙi yana faruwa yayin da aka yi wa maƙiyi rauni ko azabar da ba dole ba. Laifukan yaƙi sun haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar cutar da fursunonin yaƙi ko fararen hula . Laifukan yaki wani lokacin wani bangare ne na lokuta na kisan gilla da kisan kare dangi duk da cewa wadannan laifuffuka an fi rufe su sosai a karkashin dokar agaji ta duniya da aka bayyana a matsayin laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama . A shekara ta 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da kuduri mai lamba 1820, wanda ya nuna cewa "fyade da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafin mata na iya zama laifukan yaki, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama ko kuma aiwatar da wani babban aiki dangane da kisan kare dangi"; ga kuma yakin fyade A shekarar 2016, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta]] yanke wa wani hukuncin cin zarafin mata a karon farko; musamman, sun kara fyade ga hukuncin laifukan yaki na Mataimakin Shugaban Kwango [[Jean-Pierre Bemba|Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo]] . [[File:Soviet_soldiers_mass_grave,_German_war_prisoners_concentration_camp_in_Deblin,_German-occupied_Poland.jpg|thumb| Babban kabarin USSR POWs, Jamusawa suka kashe. Kimanin POWs Soviet miliyan 3.3 suka mutu a hannun Nazi .]] Laifukan yaƙi kuma sun haɗa da kai hare-hare da gangan kan 'yan ƙasa da dukiyar ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki, kamar harin Jafananci akan Pearl Harbor . Yayinda harin da aka kai kan Pearl Harbor ya faru yayin da Amurka da Japan suke cikin lumana kuma ba tare da wani dalili na kare kai ba, Kotun Tokyo ta ayyana harin don wucewa ta hanyar tabbatar da wajibcin soja don haka ya zama laifin yaki. Laifukan yaƙi suna da mahimmanci a dokar agaji ta ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yanki ne da aka haɗu da kotunan ƙasa da ƙasa kamar na Nuremberg da Tokyo . Misalai na baya-bayan nan sune Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta Yugoslavia da kuma Kotun hukunta masu manyan laifuka ta Ruwanda, wadanda Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin Kashi na VIII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kafa . A karkashin Ka'idojin Nuremberg, ''laifukan yaki'' sun banbanta da na cin zarafin zaman lafiya . Laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya sun hada da shiryawa, shiryawa, farawa, ko yin yakin wuce gona da iri, ko yakin keta yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, yarjejeniyoyi, ko kuma tabbaci. Saboda za a iya muhawara kan ma'anar yanayin "yaki", kalmar "laifukan yaki" kanta ta ga amfani daban-daban a karkashin tsarin daban-daban na dokar kasa da kasa da ta soja. Yana da ɗan mataki na aikace-aikace a waje da abin da wasu za su iya ɗauka a matsayin yanayin "yaƙi", amma a cikin yankunan da rikice-rikice suka ci gaba har suka haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar jama'a. A wasu lokuta ana zargin shari'o'in yaƙi da ƙunshe da fifiko ga waɗanda suka yi nasara (" Adalcin Victor "), kamar yadda ba a zartar da wasu rikice-rikice a matsayin laifukan yaƙi ba. Wasu misalai sun hada da halakar Allies na biranen Axis a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], kamar fashewar wuta na Dresden, harin <nowiki><i id="mwAbw">Ofishin Taro</i></nowiki> a Tokyo (mummunan harin bam guda ɗaya a tarihi), da fashewar atom na Hiroshima da Nagasaki . Dangane da harin bama-bamai lokacin yakin duniya na II, babu wata yarjejeniya ko kayan aiki na duniya da ke kare fararen hula musamman daga harin jirgin sama, saboda haka hare-hare ta sama kan fararen hula ba laifukan yaƙi a hukumance bane. Allies a shari’ar a [[Nuremberg]] da [[Tokyo]] ba su taɓa gurfanar da Jamusawa ba, gami da babban kwamandan Luftwaffe Hermann Göring, don kai harin bam a Warsaw, Rotterdam, da biranen Biritaniya a lokacin Blitz da kuma hare-haren wuce gona da iri kan biranen kawancen tare da V -1 bama-bamai masu tashi sama da roket V-2, ko Jafananci don kai hare-hare ta sama kan biranen China cike da mutane. Kodayake babu wasu yarjejeniyoyi musamman game da yakin jirgi, Yarjejeniya ta 1, Mataki na 51 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana yin ruwan bama-bamai a biranen da fararen hula za su iya zama ba tare da la'akari da kowace hanya ba. (duba bama-bamai na sama da dokar ƙasa ). Rikici ya faru ne lokacin da Allies suka sake sanya POWs na Jamusanci (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1929 akan fursunonin yaƙi ) a matsayin Enungiyar Maƙiya ta ararya (ana zargin ba a kiyaye ta 1929 Geneva Yarjejeniyar kan Fursunonin Yaƙi ba), da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don tilasta aiki kamar share filayen ma'adinai . <ref name="Modern History 1994 pp. 487">S. P. MacKenzie "The Treatment of Prisoners of War in World War II" ''The Journal of Modern History'', Vol. 66, No. 3. (Sep. 1994), pp. 487–520.</ref> Zuwa Disamba 1945, watanni shida bayan yakin ya ƙare, hukumomin Faransa sun kiyasta cewa har yanzu ana kashe ko raunata fursunonin Jamusawa dubu biyu kowane wata a cikin haɗarin kwance ma'adinai. An canza kalmomin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1949 na 1949 da gangan daga na 1929 don Sojojin da suka "fada cikin iko" biyo bayan mika wuya ko yawan garkuwar makiyi yanzu an ba su kariya da kuma wadanda aka kama fursuna yayin yakin. {{Clear}}A karkashin dokar rikici (LOAC), mutuwar waɗanda ba sa yaƙin ba dole ba ne cin zarafi; akwai abubuwa da yawa don la'akari. ''Ba'' za a iya sanya fararen hula abin abin kai hari ba, amma mutuwa / rauni ga fararen hula yayin gudanar da hari kan manufar soja ana mulkinta ne a karkashin ka'idoji kamar na daidaito da bukatar sojoji kuma ana iya halatta. Wajabcin soja "yana ba da izinin halakar rayuwar&nbsp;... mutanen da rikice-rikicen yaƙe-yaƙe ba za su iya kiyaye halakar su ba;&nbsp;... baya ba da izinin kashe bayin Allah marasa laifi don ramuwar gayya ko gamsar da sha'awar kashewa. Lalata dukiya don halal ya zama tilas dole ne a buƙaci buƙatun yaƙi. ” Misali, gudanar da aiki a rumbun ajiye makamai ko sansanin horar da 'yan ta'adda ba za a hana shi ba saboda wani manomi yana nome gona a yankin; manomi ba shine abin kawo hari ba kuma ayyukan zasuyi daidai da karfin soja. A gefe guda, fa'idodin soja na ban mamaki zai zama dole don tabbatar da aikin da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa ko rauni ga dubban fararen hula. A cikin "grayer" shari'ar tambaya game da ko cutarwa da ake tsammani ta wuce gona da iri na iya zama mai ma'ana sosai. A saboda wannan dalili, Jihohi suka zaɓi amfani da mizanin "a sarari" don ƙayyade ko keta haddin laifi ya faru. Lokacin da babu wata hujja don aikin soja, kamar farar hula da aka sanya su abin kai hari, binciken kwatankwacin ba shi da muhimmanci don yanke hukuncin cewa harin ba shi da doka. === Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia === Don bugun iska, matukan jirgi gaba ɗaya sun dogara da bayanan da ke fitowa daga kafofin waje (hedkwatar, sojojin ƙasa) cewa takamaiman matsayi shine ainihin abin sojan soja. Game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia, matukan jirgin NATO sun buge wani abu na farar hula ( ofishin jakadancin China a Belgrade ) wanda ba shi da muhimmancin soja, amma matukan jirgin ba su da ra'ayin yanke shi baya ga umarninsu. Kwamitin ya yanke hukuncin cewa "ba za a sanya wa jirgin saman da ke da hannu cikin harin ba saboda an ba su mummunar manufa kuma bai dace ba a yi kokarin sanya alhakin aikata laifi ga abin da ya faru ga manyan shugabanni saboda an ba su bayanai marasa kyau. ta jami'an wata hukumar ". Rahoton ya kuma lura da cewa "Mafi yawan kayan da aka gabatar wa OTP sun kunshi rahotanni ne cewa an kashe fararen hula, galibi ana kiran a kammala da cewa an aikata laifuka. Raunin jingina ga fararen hula da lalata kayayyakin farar hula na iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai. ” === Dokar Rendulic === An tuhumi Janar Lothar Rendulic na Jamusawa da bayar da umarnin rusa gine-gine da filayen fararen hula yayin da yake ja da baya daga wani harin da ake zargin abokan gaba da shi a cikin abin da ake kira siyasar duniya da aka kona saboda manufar soja ta hana amfani da fili ga makiya. Ya wuce gona da iri da aka hango amma yana jayayya cewa Hague IV ya ba da izinin halakar saboda ya zama wajibi a yi yaƙi. An wanke shi daga wannan tuhumar. Underarkashin "Dokar Rendulic" dole ne mutane su tantance wajibcin aikin soja bisa la’akari da bayanan da suke da su a wancan lokacin; ba za a iya yanke musu hukunci ba dangane da bayanan da suka zo a bayyane. == Duba wasu abubuwan == === Jerin ƙasar === * Jerin laifukan yaki * Zaluncin Bangladesh 1971 * Laifukan yaƙi na ƙawance yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II * Laifukan yaki na Burtaniya * Laifukan yakin na Jamus ** Sakamakon Naziyanci na Jamusawa ** Holocaust ** Laifukan yaƙi na Wehrmacht * Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas * [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Kungiyar Daular Islama ta Iraki da binciken laifukan yaki na Levant]] * Laifin yakin Italiya * Laifukan yakin Japan * Tsoma bakin da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yemen * Laifukan Yaƙin Koriya * Laifukan yakin Soviet * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijan Amurka kan Philippines * Amurka laifukan yaki === Matsalolin doka === * Dokar Kariyar Ba-Amurke * Umurnin umarni * Dokar yaƙi * Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikici na Rikici (RULAC) * Russell Tribunal * Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo * Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya da mamaye Iraki a 2003 * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki (Belgium) * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki na 1996 - shigar da Laifukan Yaki a cikin dokar Amurka * Ikon duniya === Dabam-dabam === * Tarihin Ta'addanci * Mai shiga tsakani na farar hula * Umurnin Commando * Commissar oda * Laifuka akan bil'adama * Laifi akan zaman lafiya * Laifin zalunci * Gwajin likitoci * Masana kimiyya * Garkuwar ɗan adam * Binciken Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Katyn kisan gilla * Jerin sunayen tsoffin citizensan asalin ƙasar Amurka waɗanda ba a ba su izini ba, gami da waɗanda aka ba su labarin don ɓoye hannu a cikin laifukan yaƙi don samun citizenshipan ƙasar * Kwashewa * Laifin Mass Laifi * Kashe mutane * Soja amfani da yara * Nazarin ɗan adam na Nazi * Kisan fursinonin NKVD * Babu kwata * Ka'idojin Nuremberg * Farancin * Razakars (Pakistan) * Aikin Sentinel na Tauraron Dan Adam * Kashe-kashen Srebrenica * Ta'addancin Jiha * Tashin bom * Adalcin wucin gadi * Mayaki mara doka * Tashin hankali lokacin tashin hankali * Binciken Sojoji na Hunturu == Manazarta ==   == Kara karantawa == *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRobert_Cryer2007">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87609-4|978-0-521-87609-4]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYôrām_Dinstein2004">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-54227-2|978-0-521-54227-2]]</cite></bdi> * Hagopian, Patrick (2013). ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Amurka: Laifukan Yaki da Iyakokin Dokokin Duniya.'' Amherst, MA: Jami'ar Massachusetts Latsa. *   <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHorvitzCatherwood2011">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-8160-8083-0|978-0-8160-8083-0]]</cite></bdi>  *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMalcolm_N._Shaw2008">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-72814-0|978-0-521-72814-0]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGary_D._Solis2010">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87088-7|978-0-521-87088-7]]</cite></bdi> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Laifuka akan Bil'adama * [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]] * Dokar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Dokar Doka == Sauran manazarta == * [http://abmm.org Bunker na Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Soja - abmm.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330053010/https://abmm.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }} *   *   *   *   * [http://www.usfca.edu/philosophy/pdf%20files/War%20Crimes-%20Responsibility%20and%20the%20Psychology%20of%20Atrocity.pdf Laifin Yaƙi: Yaƙi da Ilimin Hauka na Zalunci]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080114162221/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/06221-etn-hrf-dic-rep-web.pdf Nauyin Umurni: Mutuwar da Aka Saka a Tsaron Amurka a Iraki da Afghanistan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030617/http://www.adh-geneva.ch/RULAC/ Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikice-rikice na Makamai] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411125205/http://www.iraqispecialtribunal.org/en/home.htm Kotun Musamman ta Iraki] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221121/http://www.crimesofwar.org/ Laifukan Yakin Yaki] * [https://www.un.org/law/icc/ Yarjejeniyar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501184018/http://www.sc-sl.org/ Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo] * [https://www.un.org/icty/ Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia] * [http://www.ictr.org/ Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Rwanda] * [http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/etimorindx.htm Kotun Ad-Hoc don Gabashin Timor] * [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-71-1435/conflict_war/war_criminals/ CBC Digital Archives -Yancin Adalci: Masu Laifin Laifi a Kanada] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083122/http://www.politicaanticrimen.com/sites/all/themes/bluemasters/pdfs/BJC_rjm.pdf Binciken Laifin Laifin mamaye Iraki da Mamayar Iraki Daga Ronald C. Kramer da Raymond J. Michalowski] * {{YouTube|8dtrfpVJJWg|Sri Lanka's Killing Fields: War Crimes Unpunished}} * [https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/july/investigating-human-rights Binciken 'Yancin Dan-Adam - Neman isa ga Diasporaungiyoyin Diasporaasashen Waje a Amurka don Shawarwarin Laifin Laifin Yaƙi] ( FBI ) * [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/27] Dokokin Yarjejeniyar Geneva na Burtaniya (Kwaskwarimar) Dokar 1995 - wacce ta haramta Laifukan Yaki 2qgrsmjq91ceilqkavgv5xkfat7b5c7 547652 547650 2024-11-28T18:32:39Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Massacre_of_Kalavryta_Memorial.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da kisan kiyashin Kalavryta]] [[File:Mass_execution_in_Kosovo_1912.jpg |thumb|Mass execution in Kosovo 1912 ]] [[File:Malmedy_Massacre.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sakamakon kisan kiyashin Malmedy a 1944, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka yiwa fursunonin yakin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka kisan kiyashi]]]] [[Fayil:Pakistan Air Force Cold War Jets.jpg|thumb|jiragen yaqi]]   '''Laifin yaki''' wani aiki ne wanda ke haifar da mummunan keta dokokin yaki wanda ke haifar da dawainiyar aikata laifi. Misalai da laifukan sun hada da gangan ya kashe fararen hula ko fursunonin, da azabtarwa, da hallaka farar hula dukiyõyin su, da aka yi garkuwa, yin wani ''perfidy, raping'', yin amfani da yara, pillaging, yana nuna cewa babu kwata za a ba, da kuma tsanani keta ka'idojin bambanci, ''proportionality'', da kuma wajibcin soja . Batun aikata laifukan yaki ya samo asali ne a karshen karni na ashirin lokacin da aka tsara kundin dokokin kasa da kasa da suka shafi yaki tsakanin kasashe masu mulkin kansu . Irin wannan bayanin ya faru ne a matakin kasa, kamar buga littafin ''Lieber Code'' a kasar Amurka, da kuma a matakin kasa da Kasa tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyoyi a lokacin yayin taron Hague na shekarun 1899 da shekarar 1907. Bugu da dari, shari'o'in da aka yi a kotunan kasa a wannan lokacin sun kara bayyana doka. Bayan karshen [[Yakin Duniya na II]], manyan cigaba a cikin dokar sun faru. Yawancin gwaji da akayi na masu aikata laifukan yaki na Axis sun kafa ka'idodin Nuremberg, kamar ra'ayin cewa laifukan yaki sun zama laifuka wadanda dokar kasa ta bayyana . Bugu da kari, Yarjejeniyar Geneva a cikin shekara ta 1949 ta bayyana sabbin laifukan yaki kuma sun kafa cewa jihohi na iya yin ikon duniya game da wadannan laifukan. A karshen karni na 20 da farkon karni na 21, bayan Kirkirar kotunan kasa da kasa da yawa, an bayyana karin nau'ikan laifukan yaki da suka shafi rikice-rikicen makamai banda wadanda ke tsakanin jihohi, kamar yake-yake na cikin gida . == Tarihi == [[File:Chinese_killed_by_Japanese_Army_in_a_ditch,_Hsuchow.jpg|thumb| Wani rami cike da gawarwakin fararen hular Sinawa da sojojin Japan suka kashe a Suzhou, China, a shekarar 1938]] ==Misalan farko == Shari'ar Peter von Hagenbach da wata kotun wucin gadi ta Masarautar Roman ta Kudus ta yi a shekarar 1474 ita ce ta farko ta "laifukan yaki" ta duniya, kuma har ila yau ta alhakin daukar nauyi .<ref name="Grant">[http://www.law.harvard.edu/alumni/bulletin/2006/spring/gallery.phpExhibit highlights the first international war crimes tribunal] by Linda Grant, Harvard Law Bulletin.</ref> An kuma yanke masa hukunci kuma an fille kansa saboda aikata laifuka da cewa "shi a matsayinsa na jarumi an dauke shi yana da hakkin hanawa", duk da cewa ya dade yanayin jayayya cewa "yana bin umarnin ne kawai". A shekara ta 1865, Henry Wirz, wani hafsan Sojan Amurka, kotun soji ta tuhume shi kuma ta rataye shi saboda mummunan yanayi a Kurkukun Andersonville, inda fursunonin Yammacin tarayyar da yawa suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka. ==Yarjejeniyar Hague == Yarjejeniyar Hague ta kasance yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa da aka tattauna a taro na Zaman Lafiya na Farko da na biyu a Hague, Netherlands a shekara ta 1899 da 1907, kuma sun kasance, tare da Yarjejeniyar Geneva, daga cikin bayanan farko na dokokin yaki da laifukan yaki a kungiyar internationalasa ta duniya wacce ba ta addini ba. ==Yarjejeniyar Geneva == Yarjejeniyar Geneva yarjejeniyoyi ne masu alaqa guda hudu wadanda aka amince da su kuma aka cigaba da hadaka ta daga shekara ta 1864 zuwa shekarar 1949 wadanda ke wakiltar tushen doka da tsarin gudanar da yaki karkashin dokar kasa da kasa. Kowane dayan memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a halin yanzu ya amince da yarjejeniyar, wadanda aka yarda da su a matsayin ka'idodin dokar kasa da kasa, wadanda ke suka dace da kowane yanayin rikici a duniya. Koyayar da ladabi ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva da aka zartar a cikin shekarar 1977 wanda ke dauke da mafi mahimmancin, cikakke kuma cikakkiyar kariya ta dokar agaji ta Kasa da Kasa ga mutane da abubuwa a cikin yakin zamani har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar Jihohi da yawa da ke ci gaba da fadawa cikin rikice-rikicen yaki, wato Amurka, Isra’ila, Indiya, Pakistan, Iraki, Iran, da sauransu. Dangane da haka, jihohi suna rike lambobi daban-daban da dabi'u game da halayen lokacin yaki. Wasu masu sanya hannu sun saba ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta yadda ko dai ta amfani da sahihan doka ko kuma jan ra'ayin siyasa don kaucewa ka'idoji da dokokin. An sake inganta manyan taruka uku tare da fadada na hudu wanda aka Kara a shekarar 1949: * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko ''don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda Sukaji rauni da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin kasa''' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin Raunuka da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin a Field'' an karbe shi a shekarar 1864, an yi kwaskwarima sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Tsarin shekara ta 1906, sigar shekarar 1929, daga baya kuma yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko shekarar 1949 ). * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ''don Inganta Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa a Tekun'' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa da Ruwa a cikin Tekun'' an karɓi a shekarar 1906, muhimmanci bita da maye gurbinsu da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta shekarar 1949). * Taron Geneva na Uku ''dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki'' ( Yarjejeniyar <nowiki><i id="mwdA">dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki</i></nowiki> an zartar da ita a shekarar 1929, an yi kwaskwarima sosai tare da maye gurbin ta Taron Geneva na Uku na shekarar 1949).[[File:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg|thumb| HRW ta rubuta cewa sa-hannun da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yaman wanda ya fara a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2015, ya shafi kai hare-hare ta sama a bayyane take da dokokin yaki. ]] * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Hudu ''dangane da Kariyar Jama'a a Lokacin Yakin'' (wanda aka fara amfani da shi a shekara ta 1949, ya dogara da bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Hague ta shekarar 1907). An karbi kariin ladabi biyu a cikin shekara ta 1977 tare da na uku wanda aka Kara a shekarar 2005, kammalawa da sabunta Yarjejeniyar Geneva: * Yarjejeniyar I (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar Wadanda Rikicin Makamai na Internationalasashe ya shafa.'' * Yarjejeniyar II (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar wadanda ke fama da Rikicin Nonasashen Duniya ba.'' * Yarjejeniyar III (2005) ''dangane da Tallafin Distarin Alamar Musamman.'' === Leipzig Gwajin Laifin Yaki === An yi wa wasu tsirarun ma'aikatan sojan Jamusawa na [[Yakin Duniya na I|Yakin Duniya na]] daya hukunci a cikin 1921 da Kotun Germanoli ta Jamhuriyar ta tuhumar su da aikata laifukan yaki. === Yarjejeniyar London / Gwaji Nuremberg 1945 === An inganta tunanin zamani game da aikata laifukan yaki a karkashin kararrakin Nuremberg bisa ma'anar cikin Yarjejeniyar London da aka buga a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1945. (Hakanan duba ka'idodin Nuremberg). Tare da laifukan yaki, kundin tsarin mulkin ya kuma bayyana laifuffukan da suka shafi zaman lafiya da laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, wadanda galibi ake aikata su yayin yake-yake kuma a hada kai da laifukan yaki. ==Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas a shekarar 1946 == Har ila yau, ana kiranta da Titin Tokyo, Kotun Laifin Laifukan Yakin Tokyo ko kuma kawai a matsayin Kotu, an yi taronta a ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1946, don gwada shugabannin Daular Japan game da laifuka iri uku: "Ajin A" (laifuka kan zaman lafiya ), "Ajin B" (laifukan yaki), da "Ajin C" (laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama), da aka aikata a lokacin [[Yakin Duniya na II]] . ==Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya a shekarar 2002 == [[File:My_Lai_massacre.jpg|thumb| Gawarwakin wasu daruruwan villaan ƙabilar Vietnam wadanda sojojin Amurka suka kashe a lokacin kisan kiyashin My Lai]] A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2002, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]], wata kotun da ke da hedikwata a Hague, ta kasance don gabatar da hukunce-hukuncen laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a ko bayan wannan ranar. Kasashe da dama, musamman Amurka, China, Rasha, da Isra’ila, sun soki kotun. Har yanzu Amurka na cikin masu kallo. Mataki na goma sha biyu 12 na Dokar Roma ya ba da iko kan 'yan kasa da jihohin da ba sa kwangila idan an zarge su da aikata laifi a yankin dayan bangarorin jihar. An bayyana laifuffukan yaki a cikin ƙa'idar da ta kafa Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, wanda ya hada da: # Kashe kaburbura na Yarjejeniyar Geneva, kamar su: ## Kisan ganganci, ko haddasa babbar wahala ko rauni mai tsanani ga jiki ko lafiya ## Azabtarwa ko cutar da mutum ## Rushewar doka ba bisa doka ba ko satar dukiya ## Tilasta fursunan yaki ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar maƙiya ## Haramta fursunonin yaki na hukuncin adalci ## Korar jama'a ba bisa doka ba, tsarewa ko canja wuri ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula[[File:Prisoners_on_ground_before_execution,Taejon,_South_Korea.jpg|thumb| Kisan Bodo League yayin yakin Koriya a shekarar 1950]] ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ## Kashe mayakan da aka sallama ## Amfani da tutar sulhu ## Yankin yankin da aka mamaye ## Korar mazaunan yankin da suka mamaye ## Yin amfani da makamai masu guba ## Amfani da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwa ## Yin amfani da yara sojoji ## Yin harbi a kan Magungunan Yaki tare da bayyananniyar alama. # Abubuwan da ke gudana a matsayin ɓangare na rikice-rikice ba na duniya ba: ## Kisan kai, zalunci ko wulakanta mutane da azabtarwa ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula, ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya # Abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin ɓangare na rikicin duniya:[[File:Lugansk-2014-06-18.jpeg|thumb| Fararen hula da aka kashe a luguden wuta a gabashin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] . A cewar rahoton na HRW, "Yin amfani da rokoki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a yankunan da mutane ke ciki ya sabawa dokokin jin kai na kasa da kasa, ko dokokin yaki, kuma na iya zama laifukan yaki." ]] ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Takaitawar aiwatarwa ## Ganima ## Fyade, bautar jima'i, tilasta karuwanci ko tilasta ciki Koyaya kotu tana da iko ne kawai akan wadannan laifuka inda suke "''bangare ne na wani tsari ko manufa ko kuma wani bangare na babban kwamiti na irin wadannan laifuka''". == Manyan fitattu == ==Shugabannin jihohi da na gwamnati == [[File:Omar_al-Bashir,_12th_AU_Summit,_090131-N-0506A-342.jpg|thumb| Shugaban [[Sudan]] Omar al-Bashir, wanda kotun ICC ke nema saboda laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama]] Zuwa yau, na yanzu da tsoffin [[Shugaban kasa|shugabannin kasa]] da [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugabannin gwamnatocin]] da ake tuhuma da aikata laifukan yaki sun hada da: * Großadmiral na Jamus da Shugaba Karl Dönitz da Firayim Ministocin Japan da Janar-Janar Hideki Tōjō da Kuniaki Koiso a bayan yakin duniya na II. * An gabatar da tsohon shugaban kasar [[Serbiya|Serbia]] , Slobodan Miloševi to a gaban kotu, inda ake tuhumarsa da, kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama, da laifukan yaki a jamhuriyoyi uku. The tribunal found the prosecution had according to its rules and procedures; enough evidence was tailored, before the defense presentation, that, "a reasonable trier of fact, could conclude, the accused was responsible for the crimes charged." Wannan ya shafi babban nauyi na tuhumar Bosnia da Croatia, da kuma alhakin kowane mutum na tuhumar Kosovo. Babu wani hukunci da aka yanke, duk da haka, tunda ya mutu a tsare a cikin shekarar 2006, kafin a kammala shari'ar. * Shi ma tsohon shugaban Laberiya Charles G. Taylor an kawo shi a Hague ana tuhumarsa da laifukan yaki; shari'arsa ta faro ne daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa Maris 2011. An yanke masa hukunci a cikin Afrilu na shekarar 2012 na taimakawa da tallafawa laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama. * An kama tsohon Shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya Radovan Karadžić a Belgrade a ranar 18 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2008 kuma aka gabatar da shi a gaban Kotun Laifukan Yakin Yakin na Belgrade kwanaki kadan bayan haka. An mika shi zuwa Netherlands, kuma a yanzu haka yana Hague, a hannun kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta tsohuwar Yugoslavia . An fara shari'ar a cikin 2010. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2016, an same shi da laifin kisan kare dangi a Srebrenica, laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama, 10 cikin tuhume-tuhume 11 gaba daya, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 40. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a kan roko. * Omar al-Bashir, tsohon shugaban [[Sudan|kasar Sudan]], ana tuhumarsa da aikata laifuka uku na kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama da sauran laifukan yaki dangane da yakin 2003– a yankin Darfur na Sudan. Shugaban kasa na farko da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ke tuhuma da kisan kare dangi tare da samin sammacin kama mutane a Darfur .[[File:Sahbag.jpg|thumb|287x287px| Zanga-zangar shekarar 2013 ta Shahbag ta bukaci a zartar da hukuncin kisa ga masu aikata laifukan yaki na yakin ‘yanci na Bangladesh na 1971]] * An gurfanar da tsohon shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi|Libya Muammar Gaddafi]] bisa zargin bada umarnin kisan masu zanga-zanga da fararen hula da Laifukan cin zarafin bil adama, a lokacin yakin basasar Libya na 2011, amma, an kashe shi kafin ya iya fuskantar shari'a a watan Oktoban 2011. === Sauran fitattun masu gabatar da kara === * Yoshijirō Umezu, janar a cikin Sojojin Japan na Sarki * Seishirō Itagaki, Ministan Yaki na Daular Japan * Hermann Göring, Kwamandan Babban Luftwaffe . * Ernst Kaltenbrunner da Adolf Eichmann, manyan membobin SS . * Wilhelm Keitel, Janarfeldmarschall, shugaban kungiyar Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . * Erich Raeder, Großadmiral, Babban Kwamandan Babban Kriegsmarine . * Albert Speer, Ministan Makamai da Samar da Yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Nazi Jamus 1942–45. * William Calley, tsohon hafsan sojan Amurka an same shi da laifin kisan kai saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan kiyashin My Lai * Ali Hassan Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, wanda aka fi sani da laƙabi da "Chemical Ali", wanda bayan Ba'athist Iraq ya zartar da hukuncin kisan gilla a [[Kurdawa|ƙauyukan Kurdawa]] a lokacin yakin Iran da Iraki; [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|sannan kuma gwamnan Kuwait da ya]] mamaye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a lokacin Yaƙin Fasha na Farko * Ratko Mladić, wanda aka gurfanar da kisan kare dangi a tsakanin sauran take hakkin bil'adama a lokacin yakin Bosnia ; an kama shi a Serbia a watan Mayu na 2011 kuma an mika shi don fuskantar shari'a a Hague, inda aka same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. * Joseph Kony, shugaban kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƴan Tawaye na Ubangiji|'yan tawaye ta Lord Resistance Army]], kungiyar' yan daba da ke aiki a Uganda. == Ma'ana == [[File:Polish_hostages_preparing_by_Nazi_Germans_for_mass_execution_1940.jpg|thumb| A hoto dauka da Polish Karkashin kasa na Nazi asirin 'yan sanda Ƙididdigar up Polish kawo dukkan at Palmiry kusa [[Warszawa|Warsaw]] a 1940 domin taro kisa ( ''AB-Aktion'' )]] Laifukan yaƙi babban keta ƙa'idoji ne na dokokin al'adu da yarjejeniya game da dokar ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yarda da ita  a matsayin laifukan aikata laifi wanda akwai alhakin mutum ɗaya. Ma'anar ''hada-hada ta aikata laifukan yaki'' sun hada da keta ka'idojin kariya na ''dokokin yaki'', amma kuma ya hada da gazawa wajen bin ka'idojin aiki da ka'idojin yaki, kamar kai hari ga wadanda ke nuna tutar lumana ta sulhu, ko amfani da waccan tutar a matsayin dabara don hawa hari kan sojojin abokan gaba. A amfani da sinadaran da nazarin halittu makamai a yaƙi suna kuma haramta ta da yawa sinadaran makamai iko da yarjejeniyar da kuma Halittu Makamai Yarjejeniyar . Sanye da makiya kayan ko fararen kaya zuwa infiltrate maƙiyi Lines ga leken asirin ko ɓarna da gangan manufa ne istinbadi magajinsa na yaki, ko yãƙi a fama ko kisan gilla mutane bayan maƙiyi Lines yayin da haka ya ɓadda ba, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi m perfidy. Kai wa sojojin abokan gaba hari yayin da ake tura su ta hanyar hanyar leken asiri ba laifin yaki ba ne. Koyaya, Protocol I, Mataki na 42 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana kai hari ga masu lalatattun fastocin da suke fatarar jirgin nakasassu da masu ba da izinin sauƙaƙe da zarar sun sauka. Mataki na 30 na Yarjejeniyar Hague ta 1907 ta ''IV - Dokoki da Kwastam na Yaƙi a expasa'' a bayyane ya hana mayaƙan horo don azabtar da iesan leƙen asirin ba tare da shari'ar da ta gabata ba. Dokar yaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rikicin Makamai, yana ba da izinin mahauta su shiga faɗa. Laifin yaƙi yana faruwa yayin da aka yi wa maƙiyi rauni ko azabar da ba dole ba. Laifukan yaƙi sun haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar cutar da fursunonin yaƙi ko fararen hula . Laifukan yaki wani lokacin wani bangare ne na lokuta na kisan gilla da kisan kare dangi duk da cewa wadannan laifuffuka an fi rufe su sosai a karkashin dokar agaji ta duniya da aka bayyana a matsayin laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama . A shekara ta 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da kuduri mai lamba 1820, wanda ya nuna cewa "fyade da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafin mata na iya zama laifukan yaki, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama ko kuma aiwatar da wani babban aiki dangane da kisan kare dangi"; ga kuma yakin fyade A shekarar 2016, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta]] yanke wa wani hukuncin cin zarafin mata a karon farko; musamman, sun kara fyade ga hukuncin laifukan yaki na Mataimakin Shugaban Kwango [[Jean-Pierre Bemba|Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo]] . [[File:Soviet_soldiers_mass_grave,_German_war_prisoners_concentration_camp_in_Deblin,_German-occupied_Poland.jpg|thumb| Babban kabarin USSR POWs, Jamusawa suka kashe. Kimanin POWs Soviet miliyan 3.3 suka mutu a hannun Nazi .]] Laifukan yaƙi kuma sun haɗa da kai hare-hare da gangan kan 'yan ƙasa da dukiyar ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki, kamar harin Jafananci akan Pearl Harbor . Yayinda harin da aka kai kan Pearl Harbor ya faru yayin da Amurka da Japan suke cikin lumana kuma ba tare da wani dalili na kare kai ba, Kotun Tokyo ta ayyana harin don wucewa ta hanyar tabbatar da wajibcin soja don haka ya zama laifin yaki. Laifukan yaƙi suna da mahimmanci a dokar agaji ta ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yanki ne da aka haɗu da kotunan ƙasa da ƙasa kamar na Nuremberg da Tokyo . Misalai na baya-bayan nan sune Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta Yugoslavia da kuma Kotun hukunta masu manyan laifuka ta Ruwanda, wadanda Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin Kashi na VIII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kafa . A karkashin Ka'idojin Nuremberg, ''laifukan yaki'' sun banbanta da na cin zarafin zaman lafiya . Laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya sun hada da shiryawa, shiryawa, farawa, ko yin yakin wuce gona da iri, ko yakin keta yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, yarjejeniyoyi, ko kuma tabbaci. Saboda za a iya muhawara kan ma'anar yanayin "yaki", kalmar "laifukan yaki" kanta ta ga amfani daban-daban a karkashin tsarin daban-daban na dokar kasa da kasa da ta soja. Yana da ɗan mataki na aikace-aikace a waje da abin da wasu za su iya ɗauka a matsayin yanayin "yaƙi", amma a cikin yankunan da rikice-rikice suka ci gaba har suka haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar jama'a. A wasu lokuta ana zargin shari'o'in yaƙi da ƙunshe da fifiko ga waɗanda suka yi nasara (" Adalcin Victor "), kamar yadda ba a zartar da wasu rikice-rikice a matsayin laifukan yaƙi ba. Wasu misalai sun hada da halakar Allies na biranen Axis a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], kamar fashewar wuta na Dresden, harin <nowiki><i id="mwAbw">Ofishin Taro</i></nowiki> a Tokyo (mummunan harin bam guda ɗaya a tarihi), da fashewar atom na Hiroshima da Nagasaki . Dangane da harin bama-bamai lokacin yakin duniya na II, babu wata yarjejeniya ko kayan aiki na duniya da ke kare fararen hula musamman daga harin jirgin sama, saboda haka hare-hare ta sama kan fararen hula ba laifukan yaƙi a hukumance bane. Allies a shari’ar a [[Nuremberg]] da [[Tokyo]] ba su taɓa gurfanar da Jamusawa ba, gami da babban kwamandan Luftwaffe Hermann Göring, don kai harin bam a Warsaw, Rotterdam, da biranen Biritaniya a lokacin Blitz da kuma hare-haren wuce gona da iri kan biranen kawancen tare da V -1 bama-bamai masu tashi sama da roket V-2, ko Jafananci don kai hare-hare ta sama kan biranen China cike da mutane. Kodayake babu wasu yarjejeniyoyi musamman game da yakin jirgi, Yarjejeniya ta 1, Mataki na 51 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana yin ruwan bama-bamai a biranen da fararen hula za su iya zama ba tare da la'akari da kowace hanya ba. (duba bama-bamai na sama da dokar ƙasa ). Rikici ya faru ne lokacin da Allies suka sake sanya POWs na Jamusanci (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1929 akan fursunonin yaƙi ) a matsayin Enungiyar Maƙiya ta ararya (ana zargin ba a kiyaye ta 1929 Geneva Yarjejeniyar kan Fursunonin Yaƙi ba), da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don tilasta aiki kamar share filayen ma'adinai . <ref name="Modern History 1994 pp. 487">S. P. MacKenzie "The Treatment of Prisoners of War in World War II" ''The Journal of Modern History'', Vol. 66, No. 3. (Sep. 1994), pp. 487–520.</ref> Zuwa Disamba 1945, watanni shida bayan yakin ya ƙare, hukumomin Faransa sun kiyasta cewa har yanzu ana kashe ko raunata fursunonin Jamusawa dubu biyu kowane wata a cikin haɗarin kwance ma'adinai. An canza kalmomin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta 1949 na 1949 da gangan daga na 1929 don Sojojin da suka "fada cikin iko" biyo bayan mika wuya ko yawan garkuwar makiyi yanzu an ba su kariya da kuma wadanda aka kama fursuna yayin yakin. {{Clear}}A karkashin dokar rikici (LOAC), mutuwar waɗanda ba sa yaƙin ba dole ba ne cin zarafi; akwai abubuwa da yawa don la'akari. ''Ba'' za a iya sanya fararen hula abin abin kai hari ba, amma mutuwa / rauni ga fararen hula yayin gudanar da hari kan manufar soja ana mulkinta ne a karkashin ka'idoji kamar na daidaito da bukatar sojoji kuma ana iya halatta. Wajabcin soja "yana ba da izinin halakar rayuwar&nbsp;... mutanen da rikice-rikicen yaƙe-yaƙe ba za su iya kiyaye halakar su ba;&nbsp;... baya ba da izinin kashe bayin Allah marasa laifi don ramuwar gayya ko gamsar da sha'awar kashewa. Lalata dukiya don halal ya zama tilas dole ne a buƙaci buƙatun yaƙi. ” Misali, gudanar da aiki a rumbun ajiye makamai ko sansanin horar da 'yan ta'adda ba za a hana shi ba saboda wani manomi yana nome gona a yankin; manomi ba shine abin kawo hari ba kuma ayyukan zasuyi daidai da karfin soja. A gefe guda, fa'idodin soja na ban mamaki zai zama dole don tabbatar da aikin da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa ko rauni ga dubban fararen hula. A cikin "grayer" shari'ar tambaya game da ko cutarwa da ake tsammani ta wuce gona da iri na iya zama mai ma'ana sosai. A saboda wannan dalili, Jihohi suka zaɓi amfani da mizanin "a sarari" don ƙayyade ko keta haddin laifi ya faru. Lokacin da babu wata hujja don aikin soja, kamar farar hula da aka sanya su abin kai hari, binciken kwatankwacin ba shi da muhimmanci don yanke hukuncin cewa harin ba shi da doka. === Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia === Don bugun iska, matukan jirgi gaba ɗaya sun dogara da bayanan da ke fitowa daga kafofin waje (hedkwatar, sojojin ƙasa) cewa takamaiman matsayi shine ainihin abin sojan soja. Game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia, matukan jirgin NATO sun buge wani abu na farar hula ( ofishin jakadancin China a Belgrade ) wanda ba shi da muhimmancin soja, amma matukan jirgin ba su da ra'ayin yanke shi baya ga umarninsu. Kwamitin ya yanke hukuncin cewa "ba za a sanya wa jirgin saman da ke da hannu cikin harin ba saboda an ba su mummunar manufa kuma bai dace ba a yi kokarin sanya alhakin aikata laifi ga abin da ya faru ga manyan shugabanni saboda an ba su bayanai marasa kyau. ta jami'an wata hukumar ". Rahoton ya kuma lura da cewa "Mafi yawan kayan da aka gabatar wa OTP sun kunshi rahotanni ne cewa an kashe fararen hula, galibi ana kiran a kammala da cewa an aikata laifuka. Raunin jingina ga fararen hula da lalata kayayyakin farar hula na iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai. ” === Dokar Rendulic === An tuhumi Janar Lothar Rendulic na Jamusawa da bayar da umarnin rusa gine-gine da filayen fararen hula yayin da yake ja da baya daga wani harin da ake zargin abokan gaba da shi a cikin abin da ake kira siyasar duniya da aka kona saboda manufar soja ta hana amfani da fili ga makiya. Ya wuce gona da iri da aka hango amma yana jayayya cewa Hague IV ya ba da izinin halakar saboda ya zama wajibi a yi yaƙi. An wanke shi daga wannan tuhumar. Underarkashin "Dokar Rendulic" dole ne mutane su tantance wajibcin aikin soja bisa la’akari da bayanan da suke da su a wancan lokacin; ba za a iya yanke musu hukunci ba dangane da bayanan da suka zo a bayyane. == Duba wasu abubuwan == === Jerin ƙasar === * Jerin laifukan yaki * Zaluncin Bangladesh 1971 * Laifukan yaƙi na ƙawance yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II * Laifukan yaki na Burtaniya * Laifukan yakin na Jamus ** Sakamakon Naziyanci na Jamusawa ** Holocaust ** Laifukan yaƙi na Wehrmacht * Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas * [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Kungiyar Daular Islama ta Iraki da binciken laifukan yaki na Levant]] * Laifin yakin Italiya * Laifukan yakin Japan * Tsoma bakin da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yemen * Laifukan Yaƙin Koriya * Laifukan yakin Soviet * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijan Amurka kan Philippines * Amurka laifukan yaki === Matsalolin doka === * Dokar Kariyar Ba-Amurke * Umurnin umarni * Dokar yaƙi * Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikici na Rikici (RULAC) * Russell Tribunal * Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo * Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya da mamaye Iraki a 2003 * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki (Belgium) * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki na 1996 - shigar da Laifukan Yaki a cikin dokar Amurka * Ikon duniya === Dabam-dabam === * Tarihin Ta'addanci * Mai shiga tsakani na farar hula * Umurnin Commando * Commissar oda * Laifuka akan bil'adama * Laifi akan zaman lafiya * Laifin zalunci * Gwajin likitoci * Masana kimiyya * Garkuwar ɗan adam * Binciken Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Katyn kisan gilla * Jerin sunayen tsoffin citizensan asalin ƙasar Amurka waɗanda ba a ba su izini ba, gami da waɗanda aka ba su labarin don ɓoye hannu a cikin laifukan yaƙi don samun citizenshipan ƙasar * Kwashewa * Laifin Mass Laifi * Kashe mutane * Soja amfani da yara * Nazarin ɗan adam na Nazi * Kisan fursinonin NKVD * Babu kwata * Ka'idojin Nuremberg * Farancin * Razakars (Pakistan) * Aikin Sentinel na Tauraron Dan Adam * Kashe-kashen Srebrenica * Ta'addancin Jiha * Tashin bom * Adalcin wucin gadi * Mayaki mara doka * Tashin hankali lokacin tashin hankali * Binciken Sojoji na Hunturu == Manazarta ==   == Kara karantawa == *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRobert_Cryer2007">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87609-4|978-0-521-87609-4]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYôrām_Dinstein2004">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-54227-2|978-0-521-54227-2]]</cite></bdi> * Hagopian, Patrick (2013). ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Amurka: Laifukan Yaki da Iyakokin Dokokin Duniya.'' Amherst, MA: Jami'ar Massachusetts Latsa. *   <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHorvitzCatherwood2011">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-8160-8083-0|978-0-8160-8083-0]]</cite></bdi>  *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMalcolm_N._Shaw2008">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-72814-0|978-0-521-72814-0]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGary_D._Solis2010">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87088-7|978-0-521-87088-7]]</cite></bdi> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Laifuka akan Bil'adama * [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]] * Dokar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Dokar Doka == Sauran manazarta == * [http://abmm.org Bunker na Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Soja - abmm.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330053010/https://abmm.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }} *   *   *   *   * [http://www.usfca.edu/philosophy/pdf%20files/War%20Crimes-%20Responsibility%20and%20the%20Psychology%20of%20Atrocity.pdf Laifin Yaƙi: Yaƙi da Ilimin Hauka na Zalunci]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080114162221/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/06221-etn-hrf-dic-rep-web.pdf Nauyin Umurni: Mutuwar da Aka Saka a Tsaron Amurka a Iraki da Afghanistan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030617/http://www.adh-geneva.ch/RULAC/ Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikice-rikice na Makamai] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411125205/http://www.iraqispecialtribunal.org/en/home.htm Kotun Musamman ta Iraki] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221121/http://www.crimesofwar.org/ Laifukan Yakin Yaki] * [https://www.un.org/law/icc/ Yarjejeniyar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501184018/http://www.sc-sl.org/ Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo] * [https://www.un.org/icty/ Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia] * [http://www.ictr.org/ Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Rwanda] * [http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/etimorindx.htm Kotun Ad-Hoc don Gabashin Timor] * [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-71-1435/conflict_war/war_criminals/ CBC Digital Archives -Yancin Adalci: Masu Laifin Laifi a Kanada] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083122/http://www.politicaanticrimen.com/sites/all/themes/bluemasters/pdfs/BJC_rjm.pdf Binciken Laifin Laifin mamaye Iraki da Mamayar Iraki Daga Ronald C. Kramer da Raymond J. Michalowski] * {{YouTube|8dtrfpVJJWg|Sri Lanka's Killing Fields: War Crimes Unpunished}} * [https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/july/investigating-human-rights Binciken 'Yancin Dan-Adam - Neman isa ga Diasporaungiyoyin Diasporaasashen Waje a Amurka don Shawarwarin Laifin Laifin Yaƙi] ( FBI ) * [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/27] Dokokin Yarjejeniyar Geneva na Burtaniya (Kwaskwarimar) Dokar 1995 - wacce ta haramta Laifukan Yaki 9rdnjgjun9uq40jc5mxlp1zobylkv34 547653 547652 2024-11-28T18:35:52Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Massacre_of_Kalavryta_Memorial.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da kisan kiyashin Kalavryta]] [[File:Mass_execution_in_Kosovo_1912.jpg |thumb|Mass execution in Kosovo 1912 ]] [[File:Malmedy_Massacre.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sakamakon kisan kiyashin Malmedy a 1944, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka yiwa fursunonin yakin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka kisan kiyashi]]]] [[Fayil:Pakistan Air Force Cold War Jets.jpg|thumb|jiragen yaqi]]   '''Laifin yaki''' wani aiki ne wanda ke haifar da mummunan keta dokokin yaki wanda ke haifar da dawainiyar aikata laifi. Misalai da laifukan sun hada da gangan ya kashe fararen hula ko fursunonin, da azabtarwa, da hallaka farar hula dukiyõyin su, da aka yi garkuwa, yin wani ''perfidy, raping'', yin amfani da yara, pillaging, yana nuna cewa babu kwata za a ba, da kuma tsanani keta ka'idojin bambanci, ''proportionality'', da kuma wajibcin soja . Batun aikata laifukan yaki ya samo asali ne a karshen karni na ashirin lokacin da aka tsara kundin dokokin kasa da kasa da suka shafi yaki tsakanin kasashe masu mulkin kansu . Irin wannan bayanin ya faru ne a matakin kasa, kamar buga littafin ''Lieber Code'' a kasar Amurka, da kuma a matakin kasa da Kasa tare da amincewa da yarjejeniyoyi a lokacin yayin taron Hague na shekarun 1899 da shekarar 1907. Bugu da dari, shari'o'in da aka yi a kotunan kasa a wannan lokacin sun kara bayyana doka. Bayan karshen [[Yakin Duniya na II]], manyan cigaba a cikin dokar sun faru. Yawancin gwaji da akayi na masu aikata laifukan yaki na Axis sun kafa ka'idodin Nuremberg, kamar ra'ayin cewa laifukan yaki sun zama laifuka wadanda dokar kasa ta bayyana . Bugu da kari, Yarjejeniyar Geneva a cikin shekara ta 1949 ta bayyana sabbin laifukan yaki kuma sun kafa cewa jihohi na iya yin ikon duniya game da wadannan laifukan. A karshen karni na 20 da farkon karni na 21, bayan Kirkirar kotunan kasa da kasa da yawa, an bayyana karin nau'ikan laifukan yaki da suka shafi rikice-rikicen makamai banda wadanda ke tsakanin jihohi, kamar yake-yake na cikin gida . == Tarihi == [[File:Chinese_killed_by_Japanese_Army_in_a_ditch,_Hsuchow.jpg|thumb| Wani rami cike da gawarwakin fararen hular Sinawa da sojojin Japan suka kashe a Suzhou, China, a shekarar 1938]] ==Misalan farko == Shari'ar Peter von Hagenbach da wata kotun wucin gadi ta Masarautar Roman ta Kudus ta yi a shekarar 1474 ita ce ta farko ta "laifukan yaki" ta duniya, kuma har ila yau ta alhakin daukar nauyi .<ref name="Grant">[http://www.law.harvard.edu/alumni/bulletin/2006/spring/gallery.phpExhibit highlights the first international war crimes tribunal] by Linda Grant, Harvard Law Bulletin.</ref> An kuma yanke masa hukunci kuma an fille kansa saboda aikata laifuka da cewa "shi a matsayinsa na jarumi an dauke shi yana da hakkin hanawa", duk da cewa ya dade yanayin jayayya cewa "yana bin umarnin ne kawai". A shekara ta 1865, Henry Wirz, wani hafsan Sojan Amurka, kotun soji ta tuhume shi kuma ta rataye shi saboda mummunan yanayi a Kurkukun Andersonville, inda fursunonin Yammacin tarayyar da yawa suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka. ==Yarjejeniyar Hague == Yarjejeniyar Hague ta kasance yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa da aka tattauna a taro na Zaman Lafiya na Farko da na biyu a Hague, Netherlands a shekara ta 1899 da 1907, kuma sun kasance, tare da Yarjejeniyar Geneva, daga cikin bayanan farko na dokokin yaki da laifukan yaki a kungiyar internationalasa ta duniya wacce ba ta addini ba. ==Yarjejeniyar Geneva == Yarjejeniyar Geneva yarjejeniyoyi ne masu alaqa guda hudu wadanda aka amince da su kuma aka cigaba da hadaka ta daga shekara ta 1864 zuwa shekarar 1949 wadanda ke wakiltar tushen doka da tsarin gudanar da yaki karkashin dokar kasa da kasa. Kowane dayan memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a halin yanzu ya amince da yarjejeniyar, wadanda aka yarda da su a matsayin ka'idodin dokar kasa da kasa, wadanda ke suka dace da kowane yanayin rikici a duniya. Koyayar da ladabi ga Yarjejeniyar Geneva da aka zartar a cikin shekarar 1977 wanda ke dauke da mafi mahimmancin, cikakke kuma cikakkiyar kariya ta dokar agaji ta Kasa da Kasa ga mutane da abubuwa a cikin yakin zamani har yanzu ba a tabbatar da su ta hanyar Jihohi da yawa da ke ci gaba da fadawa cikin rikice-rikicen yaki, wato Amurka, Isra’ila, Indiya, Pakistan, Iraki, Iran, da sauransu. Dangane da haka, jihohi suna rike lambobi daban-daban da dabi'u game da halayen lokacin yaki. Wasu masu sanya hannu sun saba ka'idojin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta yadda ko dai ta amfani da sahihan doka ko kuma jan ra'ayin siyasa don kaucewa ka'idoji da dokokin. An sake inganta manyan taruka uku tare da fadada na hudu wanda aka Kara a shekarar 1949: * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko ''don Inganta Yanayin Wadanda Sukaji rauni da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin kasa''' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin Raunuka da Marasa Lafiya a Sojojin a Field'' an karbe shi a shekarar 1864, an yi kwaskwarima sosai kuma an maye gurbinsa da Tsarin shekara ta 1906, sigar shekarar 1929, daga baya kuma yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Farko shekarar 1949 ). * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ''don Inganta Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa a Tekun'' (Taro ''na Amelioration na Yanayin raunuka, Marasa lafiya da Jirgin Ruwa da Ruwa a cikin Tekun'' an karɓi a shekarar 1906, muhimmanci bita da maye gurbinsu da Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Biyu ta shekarar 1949). * Taron Geneva na Uku ''dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki'' ( Yarjejeniyar <nowiki><i id="mwdA">dangane da Kula da Fursunonin Yaki</i></nowiki> an zartar da ita a shekarar 1929, an yi kwaskwarima sosai tare da maye gurbin ta Taron Geneva na Uku na shekarar 1949).[[File:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg|thumb| HRW ta rubuta cewa sa-hannun da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yaman wanda ya fara a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2015, ya shafi kai hare-hare ta sama a bayyane take da dokokin yaki. ]] * Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta Hudu ''dangane da Kariyar Jama'a a Lokacin Yakin'' (wanda aka fara amfani da shi a shekara ta 1949, ya dogara da bangarorin Yarjejeniyar Hague ta shekarar 1907). An karbi kariin ladabi biyu a cikin shekara ta 1977 tare da na uku wanda aka Kara a shekarar 2005, kammalawa da sabunta Yarjejeniyar Geneva: * Yarjejeniyar I (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar Wadanda Rikicin Makamai na Internationalasashe ya shafa.'' * Yarjejeniyar II (1977) ''dangane da Kariyar wadanda ke fama da Rikicin Nonasashen Duniya ba.'' * Yarjejeniyar III (2005) ''dangane da Tallafin Distarin Alamar Musamman.'' === Leipzig Gwajin Laifin Yaki === An yi wa wasu tsirarun ma'aikatan sojan Jamusawa na [[Yakin Duniya na I|Yakin Duniya na]] daya hukunci a cikin 1921 da Kotun Germanoli ta Jamhuriyar ta tuhumar su da aikata laifukan yaki. === Yarjejeniyar London / Gwaji Nuremberg 1945 === An inganta tunanin zamani game da aikata laifukan yaki a karkashin kararrakin Nuremberg bisa ma'anar cikin Yarjejeniyar London da aka buga a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1945. (Hakanan duba ka'idodin Nuremberg). Tare da laifukan yaki, kundin tsarin mulkin ya kuma bayyana laifuffukan da suka shafi zaman lafiya da laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, wadanda galibi ake aikata su yayin yake-yake kuma a hada kai da laifukan yaki. ==Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas a shekarar 1946 == Har ila yau, ana kiranta da Titin Tokyo, Kotun Laifin Laifukan Yakin Tokyo ko kuma kawai a matsayin Kotu, an yi taronta a ranar 3 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1946, don gwada shugabannin Daular Japan game da laifuka iri uku: "Ajin A" (laifuka kan zaman lafiya ), "Ajin B" (laifukan yaki), da "Ajin C" (laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama), da aka aikata a lokacin [[Yakin Duniya na II]] . ==Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya a shekarar 2002 == [[File:My_Lai_massacre.jpg|thumb| Gawarwakin wasu daruruwan villaan ƙabilar Vietnam wadanda sojojin Amurka suka kashe a lokacin kisan kiyashin My Lai]] A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2002, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]], wata kotun da ke da hedikwata a Hague, ta kasance don gabatar da hukunce-hukuncen laifukan yaƙi da aka aikata a ko bayan wannan ranar. Kasashe da dama, musamman Amurka, China, Rasha, da Isra’ila, sun soki kotun. Har yanzu Amurka na cikin masu kallo. Mataki na goma sha biyu 12 na Dokar Roma ya ba da iko kan 'yan kasa da jihohin da ba sa kwangila idan an zarge su da aikata laifi a yankin dayan bangarorin jihar. An bayyana laifuffukan yaki a cikin ƙa'idar da ta kafa Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, wanda ya hada da: # Kashe kaburbura na Yarjejeniyar Geneva, kamar su: ## Kisan ganganci, ko haddasa babbar wahala ko rauni mai tsanani ga jiki ko lafiya ## Azabtarwa ko cutar da mutum ## Rushewar doka ba bisa doka ba ko satar dukiya ## Tilasta fursunan yaki ya yi aiki a cikin rundunar maƙiya ## Haramta fursunonin yaki na hukuncin adalci ## Korar jama'a ba bisa doka ba, tsarewa ko canja wuri ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula[[File:Prisoners_on_ground_before_execution,Taejon,_South_Korea.jpg|thumb| Kisan Bodo League yayin yakin Koriya a shekarar 1950]] ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ## Kashe mayakan da aka sallama ## Amfani da tutar sulhu ## Yankin yankin da aka mamaye ## Korar mazaunan yankin da suka mamaye ## Yin amfani da makamai masu guba ## Amfani da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwa ## Yin amfani da yara sojoji ## Yin harbi a kan Magungunan Yaki tare da bayyananniyar alama. # Abubuwan da ke gudana a matsayin ɓangare na rikice-rikice ba na duniya ba: ## Kisan kai, zalunci ko wulakanta mutane da azabtarwa ## Daidaita kai hare-hare kan fararen hula, ma'aikatan jin kai ko kuma sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya # Abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin ɓangare na rikicin duniya:[[File:Lugansk-2014-06-18.jpeg|thumb| Fararen hula da aka kashe a luguden wuta a gabashin [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] . A cewar rahoton na HRW, "Yin amfani da rokoki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba a yankunan da mutane ke ciki ya sabawa dokokin jin kai na kasa da kasa, ko dokokin yaki, kuma na iya zama laifukan yaki." ]] ## Yin garkuwa da mutane ## Takaitawar aiwatarwa ## Ganima ## Fyade, bautar jima'i, tilasta karuwanci ko tilasta ciki Koyaya kotu tana da iko ne kawai akan wadannan laifuka inda suke "''bangare ne na wani tsari ko manufa ko kuma wani bangare na babban kwamiti na irin wadannan laifuka''". == Manyan fitattu == ==Shugabannin jihohi da na gwamnati == [[File:Omar_al-Bashir,_12th_AU_Summit,_090131-N-0506A-342.jpg|thumb| Shugaban [[Sudan]] Omar al-Bashir, wanda kotun ICC ke nema saboda laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama]] Zuwa yau, na yanzu da tsoffin [[Shugaban kasa|shugabannin kasa]] da [[Shugaban Gwamnati|shugabannin gwamnatocin]] da ake tuhuma da aikata laifukan yaki sun hada da: * Großadmiral na Jamus da Shugaba Karl Dönitz da Firayim Ministocin Japan da Janar-Janar Hideki Tōjō da Kuniaki Koiso a bayan yakin duniya na II. * An gabatar da tsohon shugaban kasar [[Serbiya|Serbia]] , Slobodan Miloševi to a gaban kotu, inda ake tuhumarsa da, kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama, da laifukan yaki a jamhuriyoyi uku. The tribunal found the prosecution had according to its rules and procedures; enough evidence was tailored, before the defense presentation, that, "a reasonable trier of fact, could conclude, the accused was responsible for the crimes charged." Wannan ya shafi babban nauyi na tuhumar Bosnia da Croatia, da kuma alhakin kowane mutum na tuhumar Kosovo. Babu wani hukunci da aka yanke, duk da haka, tunda ya mutu a tsare a cikin shekarar 2006, kafin a kammala shari'ar. * Shi ma tsohon shugaban Laberiya Charles G. Taylor an kawo shi a Hague ana tuhumarsa da laifukan yaki; shari'arsa ta faro ne daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa Maris 2011. An yanke masa hukunci a cikin Afrilu na shekarar 2012 na taimakawa da tallafawa laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama. * An kama tsohon Shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya Radovan Karadžić a Belgrade a ranar 18 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2008 kuma aka gabatar da shi a gaban Kotun Laifukan Yakin Yakin na Belgrade kwanaki kadan bayan haka. An mika shi zuwa Netherlands, kuma a yanzu haka yana Hague, a hannun kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta tsohuwar Yugoslavia . An fara shari'ar a cikin 2010. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2016, an same shi da laifin kisan kare dangi a Srebrenica, laifukan yaki da cin zarafin bil adama, 10 cikin tuhume-tuhume 11 gaba daya, an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 40. An yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a kan roko. * Omar al-Bashir, tsohon shugaban [[Sudan|kasar Sudan]], ana tuhumarsa da aikata laifuka uku na kisan kare dangi, cin zarafin bil adama da sauran laifukan yaki dangane da yakin 2003– a yankin Darfur na Sudan. Shugaban kasa na farko da kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ke tuhuma da kisan kare dangi tare da samin sammacin kama mutane a Darfur .[[File:Sahbag.jpg|thumb|287x287px| Zanga-zangar shekarar 2013 ta Shahbag ta bukaci a zartar da hukuncin kisa ga masu aikata laifukan yaki na yakin ‘yanci na Bangladesh na shekara ta 1971]] * An gurfanar da tsohon shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi|Libya Muammar Gaddafi]] bisa zargin bada umarnin kisan masu zanga-zanga da fararen hula da Laifukan cin zarafin bil adama, a lokacin yakin basasar Libya na shekarar 2011, amma, an kashe shi kafin ya iya fuskantar shari'a a watan Oktoban shekarar 2011. ==Sauran fitattun masu gabatar da kara == * Yoshijirō Umezu, janar a cikin Sojojin Japan na Sarki * Seishirō Itagaki, Ministan Yaki na Daular Japan * Hermann Göring, Kwamandan Babban Luftwaffe . * Ernst Kaltenbrunner da Adolf Eichmann, manyan membobin SS . * Wilhelm Keitel, Janarfeldmarschall, shugaban kungiyar Oberkommando der Wehrmacht . * Erich Raeder, Großadmiral, Babban Kwamandan Babban Kriegsmarine . * Albert Speer, Ministan Makamai da Samar da Yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Nazi Jamus 1942–45. * William Calley, tsohon hafsan sojan Amurka an same shi da laifin kisan kai saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan kiyashin My Lai * Ali Hassan Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, wanda aka fi sani da laƙabi da "Chemical Ali", wanda bayan Ba'athist Iraq ya zartar da hukuncin kisan gilla a [[Kurdawa|ƙauyukan Kurdawa]] a lokacin yakin Iran da Iraki; [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|sannan kuma gwamnan Kuwait da ya]] mamaye ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a lokacin Yaƙin Fasha na Farko * Ratko Mladić, wanda aka gurfanar da kisan kare dangi a tsakanin sauran take hakkin bil'adama a lokacin yakin Bosnia ; an kama shi a Serbia a watan Mayu na shekarar 2011 kuma an mika shi don fuskantar shari'a a Hague, inda aka same shi da laifi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. * Joseph Kony, shugaban kungiyar [[Ƙungiyar Ƴan Tawaye na Ubangiji|'yan tawaye ta Lord Resistance Army]], kungiyar' yan daba da ke aiki a Uganda. == Ma'ana == [[File:Polish_hostages_preparing_by_Nazi_Germans_for_mass_execution_1940.jpg|thumb| A hoto dauka da Polish Karkashin kasa na Nazi asirin 'yan sanda Ƙididdigar up Polish kawo dukkan at Palmiry kusa [[Warszawa|Warsaw]] a 1940 domin taro kisa ( ''AB-Aktion'' )]] Laifukan yaƙi babban keta ƙa'idoji ne na dokokin al'adu da yarjejeniya game da dokar ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yarda da ita  a matsayin laifukan aikata laifi wanda akwai alhakin mutum ɗaya. Ma'anar ''hada-hada ta aikata laifukan yaki'' sun hada da keta ka'idojin kariya na ''dokokin yaki'', amma kuma ya hada da gazawa wajen bin ka'idojin aiki da ka'idojin yaki, kamar kai hari ga wadanda ke nuna tutar lumana ta sulhu, ko amfani da waccan tutar a matsayin dabara don hawa hari kan sojojin abokan gaba. A amfani da sinadaran da nazarin halittu makamai a yaƙi suna kuma haramta ta da yawa sinadaran makamai iko da yarjejeniyar da kuma Halittu Makamai Yarjejeniyar . Sanye da makiya kayan ko fararen kaya zuwa infiltrate maƙiyi Lines ga leken asirin ko ɓarna da gangan manufa ne istinbadi magajinsa na yaki, ko yãƙi a fama ko kisan gilla mutane bayan maƙiyi Lines yayin da haka ya ɓadda ba, kamar yadda ya ƙunshi m perfidy. Kai wa sojojin abokan gaba hari yayin da ake tura su ta hanyar hanyar leken asiri ba laifin yaki ba ne. Koyaya, Protocol I, Mataki na 42 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana kai hari ga masu lalatattun fastocin da suke fatarar jirgin nakasassu da masu ba da izinin sauƙaƙe da zarar sun sauka. Mataki na 30 na Yarjejeniyar Hague ta shekarar 1907 ta ''IV - Dokoki da Kwastam na Yaƙi a expasa'' a bayyane ya hana mayaƙan horo don azabtar da iesan leƙen asirin ba tare da shari'ar da ta gabata ba. Dokar yaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rikicin Makamai, yana ba da izinin mahauta su shiga faɗa. Laifin yaƙi yana faruwa yayin da aka yi wa maƙiyi rauni ko azabar da ba dole ba. Laifukan yaƙi sun haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar cutar da fursunonin yaƙi ko fararen hula . Laifukan yaki wani lokacin wani bangare ne na lokuta na kisan gilla da kisan kare dangi duk da cewa wadannan laifuffuka an fi rufe su sosai a karkashin dokar agaji ta duniya da aka bayyana a matsayin laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama . A shekara ta 2008, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zartar da kuduri mai lamba a shekarar 1820, wanda ya nuna cewa "fyade da sauran nau'o'in cin zarafin mata na iya zama laifukan yaki, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama ko kuma aiwatar da wani babban aiki dangane da kisan kare dangi"; ga kuma yakin fyade A shekarar 2016, [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya ta]] yanke wa wani hukuncin cin zarafin mata a karon farko; musamman, sun kara fyade ga hukuncin laifukan yaki na Mataimakin Shugaban Kwango [[Jean-Pierre Bemba|Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo]] . [[File:Soviet_soldiers_mass_grave,_German_war_prisoners_concentration_camp_in_Deblin,_German-occupied_Poland.jpg|thumb| Babban kabarin USSR POWs, Jamusawa suka kashe. Kimanin POWs Soviet miliyan 3.3 suka mutu a hannun Nazi .]] Laifukan yaƙi kuma sun haɗa da kai hare-hare da gangan kan 'yan ƙasa da dukiyar ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki, kamar harin Jafananci akan Pearl Harbor . Yayinda harin da aka kai kan Pearl Harbor ya faru yayin da Amurka da Japan suke cikin lumana kuma ba tare da wani dalili na kare kai ba, Kotun Tokyo ta ayyana harin don wucewa ta hanyar tabbatar da wajibcin soja don haka ya zama laifin yaki. Laifukan yaƙi suna da mahimmanci a dokar agaji ta ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yanki ne da aka haɗu da kotunan ƙasa da ƙasa kamar na Nuremberg da Tokyo . Misalai na baya-bayan nan sune Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta Yugoslavia da kuma Kotun hukunta masu manyan laifuka ta Ruwanda, wadanda Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke aiki karkashin Kashi na VIII na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka kafa . A karkashin Ka'idojin Nuremberg, ''laifukan yaki'' sun banbanta da na cin zarafin zaman lafiya . Laifukan yaki da zaman lafiya sun hada da shiryawa, shiryawa, farawa, ko yin yakin wuce gona da iri, ko yakin keta yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa, yarjejeniyoyi, ko kuma tabbaci. Saboda za a iya muhawara kan ma'anar yanayin "yaki", kalmar "laifukan yaki" kanta ta ga amfani daban-daban a karkashin tsarin daban-daban na dokar kasa da kasa da ta soja. Yana da ɗan mataki na aikace-aikace a waje da abin da wasu za su iya ɗauka a matsayin yanayin "yaƙi", amma a cikin yankunan da rikice-rikice suka ci gaba har suka haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar jama'a. A wasu lokuta ana zargin shari'o'in yaƙi da ƙunshe da fifiko ga waɗanda suka yi nasara (" Adalcin Victor "), kamar yadda ba a zartar da wasu rikice-rikice a matsayin laifukan yaƙi ba. Wasu misalai sun hada da halakar Allies na biranen Axis a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], kamar fashewar wuta na Dresden, harin <nowiki><i id="mwAbw">Ofishin Taro</i></nowiki> a Tokyo (mummunan harin bam guda ɗaya a tarihi), da fashewar atom na Hiroshima da Nagasaki . Dangane da harin bama-bamai lokacin yakin duniya na II, babu wata yarjejeniya ko kayan aiki na duniya da ke kare fararen hula musamman daga harin jirgin sama, saboda haka hare-hare ta sama kan fararen hula ba laifukan yaƙi a hukumance bane. Allies a shari’ar a [[Nuremberg]] da [[Tokyo]] ba su taɓa gurfanar da Jamusawa ba, gami da babban kwamandan Luftwaffe Hermann Göring, don kai harin bam a Warsaw, Rotterdam, da biranen Biritaniya a lokacin Blitz da kuma hare-haren wuce gona da iri kan biranen kawancen tare da V -1 bama-bamai masu tashi sama da roket V-2, ko Jafananci don kai hare-hare ta sama kan biranen China cike da mutane. Kodayake babu wasu yarjejeniyoyi musamman game da yakin jirgi, Yarjejeniya ta 1, Mataki na 51 na Yarjejeniyar Geneva a bayyane ya hana yin ruwan bama-bamai a biranen da fararen hula za su iya zama ba tare da la'akari da kowace hanya ba. (duba bama-bamai na sama da dokar ƙasa ). Rikici ya faru ne lokacin da Allies suka sake sanya POWs na Jamusanci (a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta shekarar 1929 akan fursunonin yaƙi ) a matsayin Enungiyar Maƙiya ta ararya (ana zargin ba a kiyaye ta a shekarar 1929 Geneva Yarjejeniyar kan Fursunonin Yaƙi ba), da yawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don tilasta aiki kamar share filayen ma'adinai . <ref name="Modern History 1994 pp. 487">S. P. MacKenzie "The Treatment of Prisoners of War in World War II" ''The Journal of Modern History'', Vol. 66, No. 3. (Sep. 1994), pp. 487–520.</ref> Zuwa Disamban shekarar 1945, watanni shida bayan yakin ya ƙare, hukumomin Faransa sun kiyasta cewa har yanzu ana kashe ko raunata fursunonin Jamusawa dubu biyu kowane wata a cikin haɗarin kwance ma'adinai. An canza kalmomin Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta shekarar 1949 da gangan daga na shekara ta 1929 don Sojojin da suka "fada cikin iko" biyo bayan mika wuya ko yawan garkuwar makiyi yanzu an ba su kariya da kuma wadanda aka kama fursuna yayin yakin. {{Clear}}A karkashin dokar rikici (LOAC), mutuwar waɗanda ba sa yaƙin ba dole ba ne cin zarafi; akwai abubuwa da yawa don la'akari. ''Ba'' za a iya sanya fararen hula abin abin kai hari ba, amma mutuwa / rauni ga fararen hula yayin gudanar da hari kan manufar soja ana mulkinta ne a karkashin ka'idoji kamar na daidaito da bukatar sojoji kuma ana iya halatta. Wajabcin soja "yana ba da izinin halakar rayuwar&nbsp;... mutanen da rikice-rikicen yaƙe-yaƙe ba za su iya kiyaye halakar su ba;&nbsp;... baya ba da izinin kashe bayin Allah marasa laifi don ramuwar gayya ko gamsar da sha'awar kashewa. Lalata dukiya don halal ya zama tilas dole ne a buƙaci buƙatun yaƙi. ” Misali, gudanar da aiki a rumbun ajiye makamai ko sansanin horar da 'yan ta'adda ba za a hana shi ba saboda wani manomi yana nome gona a yankin; manomi ba shine abin kawo hari ba kuma ayyukan zasuyi daidai da karfin soja. A gefe guda, fa'idodin soja na ban mamaki zai zama dole don tabbatar da aikin da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa ko rauni ga dubban fararen hula. A cikin "grayer" shari'ar tambaya game da ko cutarwa da ake tsammani ta wuce gona da iri na iya zama mai ma'ana sosai. A saboda wannan dalili, Jihohi suka zaɓi amfani da mizanin "a sarari" don ƙayyade ko keta haddin laifi ya faru. Lokacin da babu wata hujja don aikin soja, kamar farar hula da aka sanya su abin kai hari, binciken kwatankwacin ba shi da muhimmanci don yanke hukuncin cewa harin ba shi da doka. == Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia == Don bugun iska, matukan jirgi gaba ɗaya sun dogara da bayanan da ke fitowa daga kafofin waje (hedkwatar, sojojin ƙasa) cewa takamaiman matsayi shine ainihin abin sojan soja. Game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia, matukan jirgin NATO sun buge wani abu na farar hula ( ofishin jakadancin China a Belgrade ) wanda ba shi da muhimmancin soja, amma matukan jirgin ba su da ra'ayin yanke shi baya ga umarninsu. Kwamitin ya yanke hukuncin cewa "ba za a sanya wa jirgin saman da ke da hannu cikin harin ba saboda an ba su mummunar manufa kuma bai dace ba a yi kokarin sanya alhakin aikata laifi ga abin da ya faru ga manyan shugabanni saboda an ba su bayanai marasa kyau. ta jami'an wata hukumar ". Rahoton ya kuma lura da cewa "Mafi yawan kayan da aka gabatar wa OTP sun kunshi rahotanni ne cewa an kashe fararen hula, galibi ana kiran a kammala da cewa an aikata laifuka. Raunin jingina ga fararen hula da lalata kayayyakin farar hula na iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai. ” == Dokar Rendulic == An tuhumi Janar Lothar Rendulic na Jamusawa da bayar da umarnin rusa gine-gine da filayen fararen hula yayin da yake ja da baya daga wani harin da ake zargin abokan gaba da shi a cikin abin da ake kira siyasar duniya da aka kona saboda manufar soja ta hana amfani da fili ga makiya. Ya wuce gona da iri da aka hango amma yana jayayya cewa Hague IV ya ba da izinin halakar saboda ya zama wajibi a yi yaƙi. An wanke shi daga wannan tuhumar. Underarkashin "Dokar Rendulic" dole ne mutane su tantance wajibcin aikin soja bisa la’akari da bayanan da suke da su a wancan lokacin; ba za a iya yanke musu hukunci ba dangane da bayanan da suka zo a bayyane. == Duba wasu abubuwan == ==Jerin ƙasar == * Jerin laifukan yaki * Zaluncin Bangladesh a shekarar 1971 * Laifukan yaƙi na ƙawance yayin Yaƙin Duniya na II * Laifukan yaki na Burtaniya * Laifukan yakin na Jamus ** Sakamakon Naziyanci na Jamusawa ** Holocaust ** Laifukan yaƙi na Wehrmacht * Kotun Soja ta Duniya don Gabas ta Gabas * [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Kungiyar Daular Islama ta Iraki da binciken laifukan yaki na Levant]] * Laifin yakin Italiya * Laifukan yakin Japan * Tsoma bakin da Saudiyya ta jagoranta a Yemen * Laifukan Yaƙin Koriya * Laifukan yakin Soviet * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijan Amurka kan Philippines * Amurka laifukan yaki ==Matsalolin doka == * Dokar Kariyar Ba-Amurke * Umurnin umarni * Dokar yaƙi * Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikici na Rikici (RULAC) * Russell Tribunal * Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo * Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya da mamaye Iraki a 2003 * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki (Belgium) * Dokar Laifin Laifin Yaki na 1996 - shigar da Laifukan Yaki a cikin dokar Amurka * Ikon duniya ==Dabam-dabam == * Tarihin Ta'addanci * Mai shiga tsakani na farar hula * Umurnin Commando * Commissar oda * Laifuka akan bil'adama * Laifi akan zaman lafiya * Laifin zalunci * Gwajin likitoci * Masana kimiyya * Garkuwar ɗan adam * Binciken Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Katyn kisan gilla * Jerin sunayen tsoffin citizensan asalin ƙasar Amurka waɗanda ba a ba su izini ba, gami da waɗanda aka ba su labarin don ɓoye hannu a cikin laifukan yaƙi don samun citizenshipan ƙasar * Kwashewa * Laifin Mass Laifi * Kashe mutane * Soja amfani da yara * Nazarin ɗan adam na Nazi * Kisan fursinonin NKVD * Babu kwata * Ka'idojin Nuremberg * Farancin * Razakars (Pakistan) * Aikin Sentinel na Tauraron Dan Adam * Kashe-kashen Srebrenica * Ta'addancin Jiha * Tashin bom * Adalcin wucin gadi * Mayaki mara doka * Tashin hankali lokacin tashin hankali * Binciken Sojoji na Hunturu == Manazarta ==   == Kara karantawa == *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRobert_Cryer2007">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87609-4|978-0-521-87609-4]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFYôrām_Dinstein2004">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-54227-2|978-0-521-54227-2]]</cite></bdi> * Hagopian, Patrick (2013). ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Amurka: Laifukan Yaki da Iyakokin Dokokin Duniya.'' Amherst, MA: Jami'ar Massachusetts Latsa. *   <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFHorvitzCatherwood2011">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-8160-8083-0|978-0-8160-8083-0]]</cite></bdi>  *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMalcolm_N._Shaw2008">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-72814-0|978-0-521-72814-0]]</cite></bdi> *  <bdi><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFGary_D._Solis2010">[[Musamman: Tushen Littafin / 978-0-521-87088-7|978-0-521-87088-7]]</cite></bdi> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Laifuka akan Bil'adama * [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya]] * Dokar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya * Dokar Doka == Sauran manazarta == * [http://abmm.org Bunker na Australiya da Gidan Tarihi na Soja - abmm.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330053010/https://abmm.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }} *   *   *   *   * [http://www.usfca.edu/philosophy/pdf%20files/War%20Crimes-%20Responsibility%20and%20the%20Psychology%20of%20Atrocity.pdf Laifin Yaƙi: Yaƙi da Ilimin Hauka na Zalunci]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * Farkon 'Yancin Dan Adam; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080114162221/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/06221-etn-hrf-dic-rep-web.pdf Nauyin Umurni: Mutuwar da Aka Saka a Tsaron Amurka a Iraki da Afghanistan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030617/http://www.adh-geneva.ch/RULAC/ Dokar Doka a Tsarin Rikice-rikice na Makamai] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050411125205/http://www.iraqispecialtribunal.org/en/home.htm Kotun Musamman ta Iraki] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221121/http://www.crimesofwar.org/ Laifukan Yakin Yaki] * [https://www.un.org/law/icc/ Yarjejeniyar Rome ta Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501184018/http://www.sc-sl.org/ Kotun Musamman ta Saliyo] * [https://www.un.org/icty/ Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da tsohuwar Yugoslavia] * [http://www.ictr.org/ Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Rwanda] * [http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/etimorindx.htm Kotun Ad-Hoc don Gabashin Timor] * [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-71-1435/conflict_war/war_criminals/ CBC Digital Archives -Yancin Adalci: Masu Laifin Laifi a Kanada] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083122/http://www.politicaanticrimen.com/sites/all/themes/bluemasters/pdfs/BJC_rjm.pdf Binciken Laifin Laifin mamaye Iraki da Mamayar Iraki Daga Ronald C. Kramer da Raymond J. Michalowski] * {{YouTube|8dtrfpVJJWg|Sri Lanka's Killing Fields: War Crimes Unpunished}} * [https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/july/investigating-human-rights Binciken 'Yancin Dan-Adam - Neman isa ga Diasporaungiyoyin Diasporaasashen Waje a Amurka don Shawarwarin Laifin Laifin Yaƙi] ( FBI ) * [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/27] Dokokin Yarjejeniyar Geneva na Burtaniya (Kwaskwarimar) Dokar 1995 - wacce ta haramta Laifukan Yaki cid1yj82delaxvw1ot60j634su5pknx 0 22648 547763 547289 2024-11-28T20:42:41Z Fateema777 31445 tsawaita mukala 547763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:A_Chinese_woman_suffering_from_a_goitre_Wellcome_V0049857.jpg |thumb| Wata yar kasar Sin, na fama da cutar Maƙoƙo]] [[File:The_Dowser_by_Pietro_BellottiFXD.jpg|thumb|The Dowser]] '''Maƙoƙo''' ([[Turanci]]: ''goitre'') kumburi ne a cikin wuya sakamakon girmamar tsokar Tairod (thyroid).<ref>"Thyroid Nodules and Swellings". ''British Thyroid Foundation''. 11 September 2019</ref>. Ana iya alakanta Maƙoƙo da Tairod wanda baya aiki yadda ya kamata<ref>"Goitre - NHS Choices". ''NHS Choices''. 19 October 2017</ref>, inda yawa ko karancin zubar sinadarin Tairod a jiki kan haifarwa<ref name=":0">Can AS, Rehman A. Goiter ''(<nowiki>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562161/</nowiki>)''. [Updated 2021 Aug 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Accessed 6/6/2022.</ref> Fiye da kashi 90% na cututtukan na faruwa ne ta rashin sinadarin Aidin<ref>Hörmann R (2005). Schilddrüsenkrankheiten Leitfaden für Praxis und Klinik (4., aktualisierte und erw. Aufl ed.). Berlin. pp. 15–37. <nowiki>ISBN 3-936072-27-2</nowiki>.</ref> Kalmar ta fito ne daga Latin gutturia, ma'ana makogwaro. Yawancin Maƙoƙo ba su da ciwon daji, ko da yake suna iya yin illa. == Alamomin Maƙoƙo == Alamomin Maƙoƙo sun hada da Kullun a gaban wuya, kusa da makogwaro, Jin matsewa a yankin makogwaro, kumburin jijiyar wuya, tari, Wahalar hadiya, Saurin bugun zuciya (tachycardia), zawo. zufa ba tare da motsa jiki ko ƙara yawan zafin jiki ba, da kuma girgiza<ref name=":0" />. == Sanadi/Silar Maƙoƙo == A duk duniya, abin da ya fi zama sanadin goiter shine rashin sinadarin Aidin, wanda aka fi gani a ƙasashen da da kyar suke amfani da gishirin mai dauke da sinadarin Aidin. Ana kuma la'akari da ƙarancin sinadarin selenium a matsayin abin taimakawa. A cikin ƙasashen da ke amfani da gishiri mai dauke da siadarin Aidin, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (Maƙoƙon Hashimato) shine yafi kasancewa sanadi<ref>Mitchell RS, Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N (2007). Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1</nowiki>.</ref>. Maƙoƙo kan iya samuwa ta sanadin Gubar sayanaid (Cyanide), wanda ya zama ruwan dare a ƙasashe masu zafi inda mutane ke cin tushen rogo mai arzikin Sayanaid a matsayin babban abinci<ref>"Toxicological Profile For Cyanide" (PDF). Atsdr.cdc.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2004. Retrieved 16 March 2017</ref>. == Bincike == Ana iya gano cutar Maƙoƙo ta hanyar gwajin aikin Tairod (Thyroid function test), ga wanda dake zargin yana da shi<ref>Goitre". ''nhs.uk''. 19 October 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2019</ref>. == Nau'ukan == Ana iya rarraba ana iya rarraba Maƙoƙo kashi biyu, ko dai a matsayin Me-kololo nodular ko mai yaduwa. Nodular goitres ko dai na nodule ɗaya ne (uninodular) ko na nodules da yawa (multinodular<ref>"Nodular Goiter - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". ''www.sciencedirect.com''. Retrieved 6 March 2022</ref>). Multinodular goiter (MNG) shine mafi yawan rashin lafiya na jijiyar thyroid<ref>feingold, K. R.; et al. (2000). "Multinodular Goiter". MDText.com. <nowiki>PMID 25905424</nowiki></ref>. wata cuta ce da take fitowa a wuyan mutum, takanyi kumburi sosai.<ref>Blench, Roger. 2013. ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Diseases/Mwaghavul%20diseases.pdf Mwaghavul disease names]''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== <references/> [[Category:Kiwon lafiya]] [[Category: Cututtuka]] hd5icsu28c8dusspvreubzbjuav1hiq 548302 547763 2024-11-29T11:28:52Z Fateema777 31445 548302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:A_Chinese_woman_suffering_from_a_goitre_Wellcome_V0049857.jpg |thumb| Wata yar kasar Sin, na fama da cutar Maƙoƙo]] [[File:The_Dowser_by_Pietro_BellottiFXD.jpg|thumb|The Dowser]] '''Maƙoƙo''' ([[Turanci]]: ''goitre'') kumburi ne a cikin wuya sakamakon girmamar tsokar Tairod (thyroid).<ref>"Thyroid Nodules and Swellings". ''British Thyroid Foundation''. 11 September 2019</ref>. Ana iya alakanta Maƙoƙo da Tairod wanda baya aiki yadda ya kamata<ref>"Goitre - NHS Choices". ''NHS Choices''. 19 October 2017</ref>, inda yawa ko karancin zubar sinadarin Tairod a jiki kan haifarwa<ref name=":0">Can AS, Rehman A. Goiter ''(<nowiki>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562161/</nowiki>)''. [Updated 2021 Aug 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Accessed 6/6/2022.</ref> Fiye da kashi 90% na cututtukan na faruwa ne ta rashin sinadarin Aidin<ref>Hörmann R (2005). Schilddrüsenkrankheiten Leitfaden für Praxis und Klinik (4., aktualisierte und erw. Aufl ed.). Berlin. pp. 15–37. <nowiki>ISBN 3-936072-27-2</nowiki>.</ref> Kalmar ta fito ne daga Latin gutturia, ma'ana makogwaro. Yawancin Maƙoƙo ba su da ciwon daji, ko da yake suna iya yin illa. == Alamomin Maƙoƙo == Alamomin Maƙoƙo sun hada da Kullun a gaban wuya, kusa da makogwaro, Jin matsewa a yankin makogwaro, kumburin jijiyar wuya, tari, Wahalar hadiya, Saurin bugun zuciya (tachycardia), zawo. zufa ba tare da motsa jiki ko ƙara yawan zafin jiki ba, da kuma girgiza<ref name=":0" />. == Sanadi/Silar Maƙoƙo == A duk duniya, abin da ya fi zama sanadin goiter shine rashin sinadarin Aidin, wanda aka fi gani a ƙasashen da da kyar suke amfani da gishirin mai dauke da sinadarin Aidin. Ana kuma la'akari da ƙarancin sinadarin selenium a matsayin abin taimakawa. A cikin ƙasashen da ke amfani da gishiri mai dauke da siadarin Aidin, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (Maƙoƙon Hashimato) shine yafi kasancewa sanadi<ref>Mitchell RS, Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N (2007). Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1</nowiki>.</ref>. Maƙoƙo kan iya samuwa ta sanadin Gubar sayanaid (Cyanide), wanda ya zama ruwan dare a ƙasashe masu zafi inda mutane ke cin tushen rogo mai arzikin Sayanaid a matsayin babban abinci<ref>"Toxicological Profile For Cyanide" (PDF). Atsdr.cdc.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2004. Retrieved 16 March 2017</ref>. == Bincike == Ana iya gano cutar Maƙoƙo ta hanyar gwajin aikin Tairod (Thyroid function test), ga wanda dake zargin yana da shi<ref>Goitre". ''nhs.uk''. 19 October 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2019</ref>. == Nau'ukan == Ana iya rarraba ana iya rarraba Maƙoƙo kashi biyu, ko dai a matsayin Me-kololo nodular ko Me-yaduwa. Maƙoƙo Me-kololo ko dai na kololo ɗaya ne (uninodular) ko na kololo da yawa (multinodular<ref>"Nodular Goiter - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". ''www.sciencedirect.com''. Retrieved 6 March 2022</ref>). Maƙoƙo Me-kololo da yawa shine yafi yawa gurin saka rashin lafiya na jijiyar Tairod<ref>feingold, K. R.; et al. (2000). "Multinodular Goiter". MDText.com. <nowiki>PMID 25905424</nowiki></ref>. wata cuta ce da take fitowa a wuyan mutum, takanyi kumburi sosai.<ref>Blench, Roger. 2013. ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Diseases/Mwaghavul%20diseases.pdf Mwaghavul disease names]''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== <references/> [[Category:Kiwon lafiya]] [[Category: Cututtuka]] c7cn74pksd384hyge7hh3kogxaxrjjn 0 22777 547623 333932 2024-11-28T18:02:43Z Wikiabdull 29964 Nayi gyara 547623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Hellenic Imperial Airways Boeing 747-200 Spijkers.jpg|thumb]] '''Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways''' shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya, wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da [[Hong Kong]]. Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai. Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba, kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939. BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da [[British Airways]]. [[File:Vickers Vulcan Type 74 G-EBLB Imperial Airways Dübendorf - LBS SR02-10199.tif|thumb]] == Asali == Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. <ref name="Pirie">Pirie, 2009</ref> == Samarwa == [[File:Tanken_van_een_vliegtuig_Airplane_provided_with_fuel.jpg|thumb| Shafin Handley W.8b wanda aka gada daga Shafin Shafin Handley lokacin da aka kirkiro Imperial Airways]] An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . <ref name="Ord-Hume1">Ord-Hume, 2010, pp.7–9</ref> Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga Janairun 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. <ref name="Ord-Hume2">Ord-Hume, 2010, p.10</ref> An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga Disambar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. <ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1924/1924%20-%200005.html Terms of Agreement Published] ''Flight'', 1924.</ref> An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga Maris 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin. Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin [[Landan|London]]. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga Afrilu 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f ''City na Washington'', wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilu 1925, fim din ''Thearshen Duniya'' ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Hada Hadan Empire == [[File:Imperial_routes_April_1935.jpg|thumb| Afrilu 1935 taswira da ke nuna Imperial Airways '<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Hanyoyin jirgin sama tsakanin Ingila, Indiya, Australia da Afirka ta Kudu]] === Tabbatar da Hanya === Tsakanin 16 Nuwamba 1925 da 13 Maris 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane ''G-EBFO'' . Hanyar waje ita ce [[Landan|London]] - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Marseille]] - Pisa - Taranto - [[Athens]] - Sollum - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] - [[Luxor]] - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - [[Khartoum]] - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - [[Kisumu]] - Tabora - Abercorn - [[Ndola]] - Broken Hill - Livingstone - [[Bulawayo]] - [[Pretoria]] - [[Johannesburg]] - Kimberley - Blomfontein - [[Cape Town]] . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 30 ga Yuni 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a ''G-EBFO'' don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga Agusta 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala {{Convert|28000|nmi|mi km}} a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules ''G-EBMX City na Delhi sun'' bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref>. === Hanyar Gabas === [[File:Imperial_Airways_Ad_1936.jpg|right|thumb| Wani talla na 1936]] Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Basra]] ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref> Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, [[Karachi|sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya]] fara a ranar 30 ga Maris 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Genoa]] da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 Disamba 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa. A watan Afrilu 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga [[Asturaliya|Landan- Australia;]] an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa [[Sydney]] . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL ''Astraea'' . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. ''Astraea ta'' tashi zuwa Croydon - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Lyon]] - [[Rum|Rome]] - Brindisi - [[Athens]] - [[Alexandria]] - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa [[Karachi]] sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] - Akyab - [[Yangon|Rangoon]] - [[Bangkok]] - Prachuab - Alor Setar - [[Singafora|Singapore]] - Palembang - [[Jakarta|Batavia]] - [[Surabaya|Sourabaya]] - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa [[Kolkata|sabis na Calcutta ya]] tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa [[Yangon|Rangoon]] a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1933, London da [[Singafora|Singapore]] na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1933, da kuma London da [[Brisbane]] na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa [[Hong Kong]] sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} === Hanyar Afirka === [[File:De_Havilland_Hercules.jpg|right|thumb| de Havilland Hercules ''City na Alkahira'']] A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa [[Cape Town]] . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY ''City of Karachi ya'' isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. <ref name="Atalanta">Stroud, June 1986, pp.321–326</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936. === Jirage masu tashi daga ruwa Short === [[File:StateLibQld_1_154471_Flying_boat,_Challenger_on_her_moorings_in_the_Townsville_Harbour,_Queensland.jpg|thumb| Short Empire yawo jirgin ''Kalubale'' .]] A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga [[Southampton]] zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta [[Marseille]],[[Rum|Rome]], Brindisi,[[Athens]], [[Alexandria]], [[Khartoum]], Port Bell, [[Kisumu]] kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa [[Nairobi]],Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe [[Cape Town]] . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] zuwa [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban. === Fasinjoji === Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. <ref>Pirie, G.H. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1 (2009) 49–66.</ref> === Ƙungiyoyi === Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> === Wasikar Jirgin Sama === [[File:FAM_18_Round_the_World_1939.jpg|right|thumb| Murfin jirgi wanda aka ɗauka a duniya akan jirgin PAA Boeing 314 Clippers da Imperial Airways Short S23 jiragen jirgi masu tashi 24 Yuni - 28 July 1939]] A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki. Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1  d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, ''Speed Wings Over the World yana'' ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a [[Southampton]] da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa [[Hong Kong|Hongkong]], daga gabashin gabas zuwa [[New York (birni)|New York]] zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa [[San Francisco]] (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma [[United Airlines|Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya]] ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat ''Castor'' ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937. A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen. == Yakin Duniya na Biyu == Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. <ref>Moss (1962)</ref> == Hadari da abubuwan da suka faru == === Mummunar Haɗari === ==== Cikin shekarata 1920 ==== * 24 ga Disamba 1924: de Havilland DH.34 G-EBBX ''City of Delhi ta yi'' hadari kuma gobara ta tashi jim kadan da tashinsa daga Filin jirgin saman Croydon, inda matukin jirgin da dukkan fasinjojin bakwai suka mutu. <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> * 13 ga Yuli 1928: Vickers Vulcan G-EBLB sun yi hadari a Purley yayin jirgin gwajin, inda mutane hudu daga cikin shida da ke cikin jirgin suka mutu. <ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> Sakamakon hatsarin, Imperial Airways ya dakatar da tashiwar ma'aikata (wanda ake kira hawan farin ciki) yayin jigilar gwaji. * 17 Yuni 1929: Handley Page W.10 G-EBMT ''City na Ottawa'' ditched a cikin harshen Turanci Channel wadannan ingine gazawar alhãli kuwa a kan wani jirgin daga Croydon zuwa Paris tare da asarar bakwai rayuwarsu. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 6 ga watan Satumba 1929: de Havilland Hercules G-EBMZ ''Birnin Kudus'' ya yi hadari ya kone a kan saukarsu a Jask, [[Iran]] a cikin duhu saboda matukin jirgin ya yi rashin fahimta da tsayar da jirgin, ya kashe uku daga biyar a cikin jirgin. * 26 Oktoba 1929: Short Calcutta G-AADN ''City na Rome da'' ƙarfi ya sauka daga La Spezia, [[Italiya]] a cikin yanayi mara kyau; kwale-kwalen da ke tashi sama ya nutse cikin dare yayin kokarin jawo shi zuwa gabar teku, ya kashe bakwai din da ke cikinsa. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> ==== A tsakanin shekarun 1930 ==== * 30 ga Oktoba 1930: Shafin Handley W.8g G-EBIX ''Birnin Washington ya'' buge da doguwar ƙasa a cikin hazo a Boulogne, [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], inda ya kashe uku daga shida a cikin jirgin. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 28 Maris 1933: Armstrong Whitworth Argosy G-AACI ''City na Liverpool'' ya yi hadari a Diksmuide,[[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan wata gobara a cikin jirgin. Wannan ana zargin shine farkon lamarin ɓarna a cikin iska. Duk mutanen goma sha biyar da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu.<ref name="Argosy">Stroud, May 1985, pp.265–269</ref> * 30 ga Disamba 1933: Avro Ten G-ABLU ''Apollo ya'' yi karo da mashin rediyo a Ruysselede, Belgium kuma ya fadi . Duk mutanen goma da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. <ref name="Avro">Stroud,Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> * 31 Disamba 1935: Short Calcutta G-AASJ ''City na Khartoum'' ya fado daga [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Misira]] lokacin da dukkanin injina huɗu suka kasa zuwa, mai yiwuwa saboda yunwar mai; goma sha biyu daga 13 da ke cikin jirgin sun nitse a lokacin da jirgin da ke shawagi ya nutse. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> * 22 ga Agusta 1936: Short Kent G-ABFA ''Scipio ya'' nitse a Mirabello Bay, Crete bayan saukar jirgi mai nauyi, ya kashe biyu daga 11 da ke cikin jirgin. <ref name="Calcutta" /> * 24 Maris 1937: Short Empire G-ADVA ''Capricornus'' ya yi hadari a tsaunukan Beaujolois kusa da Ouroux, Faransa sakamakon kuskuren kewayawa, ya kashe biyar. * 1 ga Oktoba 1937: Short Empire G-ADVC ''Courtier'' ya yi hadari a kan sauka a Phaleron Bay, [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] saboda rashin gani sosai, ya kashe biyu daga 15 a cikin jirgin. * 5 ga Disamba 1937: Short Empire G-ADUZ ''Cygnus'' ya yi hadari a kan tashinsa daga Brindisi, Italiya saboda ba daidai ba saitin filin, ya kashe biyu. * 27 ga Yuli 1938: Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTG ''Amalthea'' ya tashi zuwa wani tsauni kusa da [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]] jim kaɗan bayan tashinsa, inda ya kashe duka mutanen da ke cikin jirgin. * 27 ga Nuwamba 1938: Short Empire G-AETW ''Calpurnia ta yi'' hadari a Tafkin Habbaniyah, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] a cikin mummunan yanayi bayan matukin jirgin ya sauko don ci gaba da ganin ido da kasa bayan rikicewar sararin samaniya, ya kashe dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin hudu. * 21 Janairu 1939: Short Empire G-ADUU ''Cavalier'' ditched a cikin Atlantic 285&nbsp;tashi daga [[New York (jiha)|New York]] saboda icing na carburettor da asarar ƙarfin injiniya;uku sun nitse yayin da masu tsira goma suka dauke ta tankin ''Esso Baytown'' . Bayan haka kuma Imperial Airways da Pan-American trans-ocicic boats masu jirgi suna da saman saman fuka-fukan da aka zana manyan alamun ganuwa mai ruwan lemu. * 1 ga Mayu 1939: Short Empire G-ADVD ''Challenger'' ya yi hadari a cikin lagon Lumbo yayin da yake kokarin sauka a Filin jirgin saman Lumbo, ya kashe biyu daga shida a cikin jirgin. ==== 1940 ==== * 1 ga watan Maris 1940: Jirgin 197, wanda ke aiki da Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'', ya bace a kan Tekun Oman dauke da mutane takwas; ba a sami tarkacen jirgin ruwa, kaya ko mazaunan ciki ba. Dalilin faduwar jirgin har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma yunwa na man fetur, yajin tsuntsaye da ke lalata farfadiya kuma ya haifar da injin ko reshe ya rabu, fashewar jirgin sama ko rashin aikin injiniya da yawa an tsara. Watanni biyu bayan hadarin, an cire HP42 daga ayyukan fasinjoji. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk jiragen kasuwanci da ake amfani da su a dogon jirage a kan ruwa su kasance da kayan aiki na sirri da na rayuwa; wannan daga baya zai zama ingantacce a duk masana'antar kamfanin jirgin sama. === Hadarin da bai muni ba === * 21 ga Oktoba 1926: Shafin Handley W.10 G-EBMS ''Garin Melbourne wanda aka'' liƙa a Tashar Ingilishi {{Convert|18|nmi|km}} daga gabar tekun ingila bayan injin ya fadi. Dukkanin mutane 12 da ke cikin jirgin FV ''Invicta'' ne ya ceto su. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 19 ga Afrilu 1931: de Havilland DH.66 Hercules tare da rajista G-EBMW, sun lalace ba za a iya gyara su ba a saukowar tilas bayan yunwar mai a [[Surabaya]].Jirgin ya yi aiki ne a jirgin jirgi na gwaji daga Indiya zuwa [[Melbourne]] tare da tsayawa a hanyar Semarang, [[Surabaya|Soerabaja]] da Kupang . * 8 ga watan Agusta 1931: Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'' yana gudanar da jigilar fasinjan fasinjoji daga Croydon zuwa Paris lokacin da injin ya faskara kuma tarkace suka tilasta wa injin na biyu rufe.Saukewar tilastawa zuwa Five Oak Green,Kent ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu raunin da ya faru. Hannibal ya warwatse kuma ya yi jigilar kaya zuwa Croydon don a sake gina shi. * 9 ga Nuwamba 1935: Short Kent G-ABFB ''Sylvanus ya'' kama da wuta kuma ya kone yayin shan mai a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Brindisi; ma'aikatan man sun sami damar tsallakewa daga jirgin da ke kone suka tsira. [nb 1] * 29 Satumba 1936:Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTK ya ƙone a cikin wutar hangar a Delhi, Indiya. * 31 ga Mayu 1937:Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 (tsohon HP42) G-AAXE ''Hengist'' ya lalace a cikin wutar hangar a [[Karachi]], Indiya. <ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> * 3 Disamba 1938: de Havilland Express G-ADCN ya ƙone a Bangkok. * 12 ga watan Maris 1939: Short S.23 Empire Flying Boat Mk 1 ''G-ADUY'',ya lalace fiye da gyara a Tandjong, Batavia,Netherlands East Indies.Buga wani abu mai nutsuwa yayin hawa motar haya bayan sauka. Jirgin jirgin sama ya lalace amma ya lalace baya gyarawa ta nutsewa da mishandling yayin rashi.Jirgin sama ya warwatse ya shigo dashi England amma bai dawo aiki ba. * 7 ga Nuwamba 1939: Shafin Handley Shafin HP42 G-AXXD ''Horatius'' an rubuta shi biyo bayan saukar sa da aka yi da karfi a filin wasan golf a Tiverton, Devon. * 19 Maris 1940: Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 G-AAXC ''Heracles'' da HP42 G-AAUD ''Hanno'' an rubuta su bayan an busa su cikin guguwar iska yayin da suka tsaya a Filin jirgin saman Whitchurch. == Jirgin sama == Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC . {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" ! width="21%" |Aircraft ! width="10%" |Type !Number !Period !Names ! width="24%" |Notes |- |Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | rowspan="2" |landplane<br /><br />''City class'' |3 |{{nowrap|1926–34}} |''Birmingham'' (crashed 1931), ''City of Wellington'' (later ''City of Arundel'') (1934), ''Glasgow'' (retired 1934) | |- |{{nowrap|[[Armstrong Whitworth Argosy|Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II]]}} |4 |1929–35 |''City of Edinburgh'' (wrecked 1926), ''City of Liverpool'' (wrecked 1933), ''City of Manchester'' (sold 1935) and ''City of Coventry'' (scrapped 1935) |<ref name="Argosy" /> |- |Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta |landplane<br /><br />''Atalanta class'' |8 |1932–41 |''Atalanta'' (sold), ''Andromeda'' (withdrawn 1939), ''Arethusa'' (renamed ''Atalanta''), ''Artemis'', ''Astraea'', ''Athena'' (burnt 1936), ''Aurora'' (sold) and ''Amalthea'' (wrecked 1938). |For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & [[Karachi]]-[[Singafora|Singapore]] leg on Australia route. |- |Armstrong Whitworth Ensign |landplane<br /><br />''Ensign class'' |12 |1938–46 |Empire type (27 passengers) ''Ensign'', ''Egeria'', ''Elsinore'', ''Euterpe'', ''Explorer'', ''Euryalus'', ''Echo'', ''Endymion'' and Western Type (40 passengers) ''Eddystone'', ''Ettrick'', ''Empyrean'' and ''Elysian'' |''Everest'' & ''Enterprise'' delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.<ref name="Ensign">Stroud, June 1988, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Avro 618 Ten | rowspan="2" |landplane |2 |1930–38 |''Achilles'' (crashed 1938) ''Apollo'' (collided with radio mast 1933) |licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m<ref name="Avro">Stroud, Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> |- |Avro 652 |2 |1936–38 |''Avalon'' and ''Avatar'' (later ''Ava'') to RAF in 1938. |Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer<ref name="Avro" /> |- |Boulton &amp;amp; Paul P.71A |landplane<br /><br />''Bodiciea class'' |2 |1934–36 |''Bodiciea'' (lost 1935) and ''Britomart'' (lost 1936) |Experimental mailplanes<ref name="BP">Stroud, Aug 1986, pp.433–436</ref> |- |Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | rowspan="6" |landplane |2 |1924–26 |''G-EAWY'', ''G-EBEV'' (retired 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |- |de Havilland DH.34 |7 |1924–26 |ex-Instone Air Line ''G-EBBR'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBT'' (scrapped 1930), ''G-EBBV'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBBW'' (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway ''G-EBBX'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBY'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBCX'' (wrecked 1924) |<ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> |- |de Havilland DH.50 |3 |1924–33 |''G-EBFO'' (damaged 1924 and sold), ''G-EBFP'' (scrapped 1933), ''G-EBKZ'' (crashed 1928) |G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia |- |de Havilland DH.54 Highclere |1 |1924–27 |''G-EBKI'' |freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse |- |de Havilland Giant Moth |1 |1930-30 |''G-AAEV'' (wrecked 1930) |crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. |- |de Havilland Hercules |9 |1926–35 |''City of Cairo'' (wrecked 1931), ''City of Delhi'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Baghdad'' (withdrawn 1933), ''City of Jerusalem'', ''City of Tehran'', ''City of Basra'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Karachi'' (withdrawn 1935), ''City of Jodhpur'' (sold) and ''City of Cape Town'' (sold) | |- |de Havilland DH.86 |landplane<br /><br />''Diana'' class |12 |1934–41 |''Daedalus'' (burned 1938), ''Danae'', ''Dardanus'', ''Delia'' (wrecked 1941), ''Delphinus'', ''Demeter'', ''Denebola'', ''Dido'', ''Dione'', ''Dorado'', ''Draco'' (wrecked 1935), and ''Dryad'' (sold 1938) |All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |- |de Havilland Albatross |landplane<br /><br />''Frobisher'' class |7 |1938–43 |''Faraday'' (impressed 1940), ''Franklin'' (impressed 1940), ''Frobisher'' (destroyed 1940), ''Falcon'' (scrapped 1943), ''Fortuna'' (crashed 1943), ''Fingal'' (crashed 1940) and ''Fiona'' (scrapped 1943). |1 used as long range mail carrier<ref name="Jackson1973">Jackson, 1973, 433–437</ref> |- |Desoutter IB | rowspan="6" |landplane |1 |1933–35 |''G-ABMW'' |Air-taxi No 6 |- |Handley Page O/10 |1 |1924-24 |''G-EATH'' |ex-Handley Page Transport but never used |- |Handley Page W8b |3 |1924–32 |''Princess Mary'' (wrecked 1928), ''Prince George'' (retired 1929) and ''Prince Henry'' (retired 1932)<ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> |ex-Handley Page Transport<ref name="HPW" /> |- |Handley Page W8f Hamilton |1 |1924–30 |''City of Washington'' (wrecked 1930)<ref name="HPW" /> |Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 |- |Handley Page W9a Hampstead |1 |1926–29 |''City of New York'' (sold 1929)<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page W10 |4 |1926–33 |''City of Melbourne'' (sold 1933), ''City of Pretoria'' (sold 1933), ''City of London'' (crashed 1926) and ''City of Ottawa'' (crashed 1929).<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page H.P.42E |landplane<br /><br />''Hannibal class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Hannibal'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horsa'' (impressed 1940), ''Hanno'' (wrecked 1940), ''Hadrian'' (impressed 1940) |(24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes<ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 |landplane<br /><br />''Heracles class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Heracles'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horatius'' (wrecked 1939), ''Hengist'' (wrecked 1937) and ''Helena'' (impressed 1940) |(38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, ''Hengist'' and ''Helena'' converted to H.P.42E.<ref name="HP42" /> |- |Short S.8 Calcutta |flying boat |5 |1928–35 |''City of Alexandria'' (wrecked 1936), ''City of Athens'' (later ''City of Stonehaven'') (scrapped), ''City of Rome'' (wrecked 1929), ''City of Khartoum'' (wrecked 1935) and ''City of Salonica'' (later ''City of Swanage'') (scrapped)<ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> | |- |Short S.17 Kent |flying boat<br /><br />''Scipio class'' |3 |1931–38 |''Scipio'' (wrecked 1936), ''Sylvanus'' (burned 1935) and ''Satyrus'' (scrapped 1938)<ref name="Calcutta" /> | |- |Short L.17 Scylla |landplane |2 |1934–40 |''Scylla'' (wrecked 1940) and ''Syrinx'' (scrapped 1940) |Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.<ref name="Scylla">Stroud, Oct 1984, pp.549–553</ref> |- |Short Mayo Composite |flying boat |2 |1938–40 |''Mercury'' (scrapped 1941) and ''Maia'' (destroyed in German raid, 1942). |Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |- |Short S.23 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |31 |1936–47 |''Canopus'', ''Caledonia'', ''Centaurus'', ''Cavalier'', ''Cambria'', ''Castor'', ''Cassiopea'', ''Capella'', ''Cygnus'', ''Capricornus'', ''Corsair'', ''Courtier'', ''Challenger'', ''Centurion'', ''Coriolanus'', ''Calpurnia'', ''Ceres'', ''Clio'', ''Circe'', ''Calypso'', ''Camilla'', ''Corinna'', ''Cordelia'', ''Cameronian'', ''Corinthian'', ''Coogee'', ''Corio'', and ''Coorong''. ''Carpentaria'', ''Coolangatta'', ''Cooee'' delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas |provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.<ref name="Empire1">Stroud, Dec 1989, pp.763–769</ref><ref name="Empire2">Stroud, Jan 1990, pp.51–61</ref> |- |Short S.26 |flying boat<br /><br />''G class'' |3 |1939–40 |''Golden Hind'', ''Golden Fleece'' and ''Golden Horn'' |Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |- |Short S.30 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |9 |1938–47 |''Champion'', ''Cabot'', ''Caribou'', ''Connemara'', ''Clyde'', ''Clare'', ''Cathay'', ''Ao-tea-roa'' (to TEAL as ''Aotearoa''), ''Captain Cook'' (to TEAL as ''Awarua''). |long range variant of S.23<ref name="Empire1" /><ref name="Empire2" /> |- |Supermarine Sea Eagle | rowspan="3" |flying boat |2 |1924–29 |''Sarnia/G-EBGR'' (retired 1929) and ''G-EBGS'' (wrecked 1927) |ex-British Marine Air Navigation |- |Supermarine Southampton |1 |1929–30 |''G-AASH'' |RAF ''S1235'' on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.<ref name="Jackson443">Jackson, 1974, p.443</ref> |- |Supermarine Swan |1 |1925–27 |''G-EBJY'' (scrapped 1927) |RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service |- |Vickers Vanguard | rowspan="5" |landplane |1 |1926–29 |''G-EBCP'' (wrecked 1929) |on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |- |Vickers Vellox |1 |1934–36 |''G-ABKY'' (wrecked 1936) |cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202214.html "Commercial Aviation"] ''Flight'' 13 August 1936 p181</ref> |- |Vickers Vimy Commercial |1 |1924–25 |''City of London'' (wrecked 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line<ref name="Vimy">Stroud, Feb 1984, pp.101–105</ref> |- |Vickers Vulcan |3 |1924–28 |''G-EBLB/City of Brussels'' (wrecked 1928), ''G-EBFC'' (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) |<ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> |- |Westland IV and Wessex |3 |1931–37 |''G-AAGW'', ''G-ABEG'' (wrecked 1936), ''G-ACHI'' |2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.<ref name="Wessex">Stroud, Dec 1985, pp.657–661</ref> |- |}   == Bibliyo == * Baldwin, N.C. 1950.''Imperial Airways (and Subsidiary Companies): A History and Priced Check List of the Empire Air Mails.'' Sutton Coldfield, England: Francis J. Field. * {{cite book|last=Bluffield|first=Robert|date=2009|title=Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, England|isbn=978-1-906537-07-4}} * Budd,Lucy [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb253.html "Global Networks Before Globalisation: Imperial Airways and the Development of Long-Haul Air Routes"] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Bulletin 253,5 December 2007. * Cluett, Douglas; Nash, Joanna; Learmonth Bob. 1980.Croydon Airport 1928–1939,The Great Days. London Borough of Sutton {{ISBN|0-9503224-8-2}} * Davies, R.E.G 2005. ''British Airways: An Airline and Its Aircraft, Volume 1: 1919–1939—The Imperial Years.'' McLean, VA: Paladwr Press. {{ISBN|1-888962-24-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-888962-24-0|1-888962-24-0]] * Doyle, Neville. 2002. The Triple Alliance: The Predecessors of the first British Airways. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|0-85130-286-6}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-85130-286-6|0-85130-286-6]] * Higham, Robin. 1960. ''Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939: The Story of Britain's Overseas Airlines.'' London: G.T. Foulis; Hamden, CT: Shoe String. * Jackson, A.J. 1959 and 1974. ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919'' 2 vols (1st ed.); 3 vols (2nd ed.) London: Putnam. * Moss, Peter W. 1962. Impressments Log (Vol I-IV). Air-Britain. * Moss, Peter W. October 1974. British Airways. ''Aeroplane Monthly''. * {{cite book|last=Ord-Hume|first=Arthur W. J. G.|title=Imperial Airways, From Early Days to BOAC|year=2010|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840335149|page=10|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|access-date=2021-07-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122207/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|url-status=dead}} * Pirie, G.H. 2004. Passenger traffic in the 1930s on British imperial air routes: refinement and revision. ''Journal of Transport History'', 25: 66–84. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. ''Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation 1919–39''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-4111-2}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4111-2|978-0-7190-4111-2]]. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1: 49–66. * Pirie, G.H. 2012.''Cultures and Caricatures of British Imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-8682-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-8682-3|978-0-7190-8682-3]]. * Pudney, J. 1959. ''The Seven Skies - A Study of BOAC and its forerunners since 1919''. London: Putnam. * Salt, Major A.E.W. 1930.''Imperial Air Routes.'' London: John Murray. * Sanford, Kendall C. 2003. ''Air Crash Mail of Imperial Airways and Predecessor Airlines.'' Bristol: Stuart Rossiter Trust Fund. {{ISBN|0-9530004-6-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9530004-6-X|0-9530004-6-X]] * Stroud, John 1962.''Annals of British and Commonwealth Air Transport 1919–1960.'' London: Putnam. * Stroud, John. 2005. ''The Imperial Airways Fleet.'' Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7524-2997-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7524-2997-3|0-7524-2997-3]] * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}}. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010822124059/http://www.imperial-airways.com/ www.imperial-airways.com yanar gizo mai himma a archive.org] * [http://www.britishairways.com/travel/explore-our-past/public/en_gb British Airways "Binciko abubuwan da suka gabata"] * [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/iaw.htm Tsarin Lokaci na Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.nzstamps.org.uk/air/external/eastern/easternroute.html Tarihi Hanyar Jirgin Sama Na Gabas] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132232/http://imperial-airways.co.uk/ Yanar gizo don bayanan tarihi akan kamfanin jirgin sama] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140317160801/http://www.imperial-airways.gb.com/ Yanar gizo don Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.crete2cape.com Yanar Gizo don Haɗaɗɗen Jirgin Sama na Crete2Cape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724160758/https://crete2cape.com/ |date=2021-07-24 }} * Documents and clippings about Imperial Airways == Manazarta == [[Category:Tsaffin filayen jirage]] [[Category:Filin jirgin sama]] [[Category:Filin jiragen da aka kafa]] [[Category:Filin Jirgin Imperial]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] of3a3g6csdjmcg04r8jz0fq89j8z9rq 547654 547623 2024-11-28T18:37:22Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Hellenic Imperial Airways Boeing 747-200 Spijkers.jpg|thumb]] '''Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways''' shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya, wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da [[Hong Kong]]. Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai. Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba, kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939. BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da [[British Airways]]. [[File:Vickers Vulcan Type 74 G-EBLB Imperial Airways Dübendorf - LBS SR02-10199.tif|thumb]] == Asali == Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. <ref name="Pirie">Pirie, 2009</ref> == Samarwa == [[File:Tanken_van_een_vliegtuig_Airplane_provided_with_fuel.jpg|thumb| Shafin Handley W.8b wanda aka gada daga Shafin Shafin Handley lokacin da aka kirkiro Imperial Airways]] An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . <ref name="Ord-Hume1">Ord-Hume, 2010, pp.7–9</ref> Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. <ref name="Ord-Hume2">Ord-Hume, 2010, p.10</ref> An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga Disambar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. <ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1924/1924%20-%200005.html Terms of Agreement Published] ''Flight'', 1924.</ref> An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga Maris 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin. Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin [[Landan|London]]. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga Afrilu 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f ''City na Washington'', wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilu 1925, fim din ''Thearshen Duniya'' ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Hada Hadan Empire == [[File:Imperial_routes_April_1935.jpg|thumb| Afrilu 1935 taswira da ke nuna Imperial Airways '<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Hanyoyin jirgin sama tsakanin Ingila, Indiya, Australia da Afirka ta Kudu]] === Tabbatar da Hanya === Tsakanin 16 Nuwamba 1925 da 13 Maris 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane ''G-EBFO'' . Hanyar waje ita ce [[Landan|London]] - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Marseille]] - Pisa - Taranto - [[Athens]] - Sollum - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] - [[Luxor]] - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - [[Khartoum]] - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - [[Kisumu]] - Tabora - Abercorn - [[Ndola]] - Broken Hill - Livingstone - [[Bulawayo]] - [[Pretoria]] - [[Johannesburg]] - Kimberley - Blomfontein - [[Cape Town]] . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 30 ga Yuni 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a ''G-EBFO'' don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga Agusta 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala {{Convert|28000|nmi|mi km}} a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules ''G-EBMX City na Delhi sun'' bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref>. === Hanyar Gabas === [[File:Imperial_Airways_Ad_1936.jpg|right|thumb| Wani talla na 1936]] Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Basra]] ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref> Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, [[Karachi|sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya]] fara a ranar 30 ga Maris 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Genoa]] da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 Disamba 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa. A watan Afrilu 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga [[Asturaliya|Landan- Australia;]] an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa [[Sydney]] . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL ''Astraea'' . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. ''Astraea ta'' tashi zuwa Croydon - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Lyon]] - [[Rum|Rome]] - Brindisi - [[Athens]] - [[Alexandria]] - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa [[Karachi]] sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] - Akyab - [[Yangon|Rangoon]] - [[Bangkok]] - Prachuab - Alor Setar - [[Singafora|Singapore]] - Palembang - [[Jakarta|Batavia]] - [[Surabaya|Sourabaya]] - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa [[Kolkata|sabis na Calcutta ya]] tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa [[Yangon|Rangoon]] a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1933, London da [[Singafora|Singapore]] na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1933, da kuma London da [[Brisbane]] na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa [[Hong Kong]] sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} === Hanyar Afirka === [[File:De_Havilland_Hercules.jpg|right|thumb| de Havilland Hercules ''City na Alkahira'']] A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa [[Cape Town]] . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY ''City of Karachi ya'' isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. <ref name="Atalanta">Stroud, June 1986, pp.321–326</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936. === Jirage masu tashi daga ruwa Short === [[File:StateLibQld_1_154471_Flying_boat,_Challenger_on_her_moorings_in_the_Townsville_Harbour,_Queensland.jpg|thumb| Short Empire yawo jirgin ''Kalubale'' .]] A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga [[Southampton]] zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta [[Marseille]],[[Rum|Rome]], Brindisi,[[Athens]], [[Alexandria]], [[Khartoum]], Port Bell, [[Kisumu]] kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa [[Nairobi]],Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe [[Cape Town]] . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] zuwa [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban. === Fasinjoji === Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. <ref>Pirie, G.H. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1 (2009) 49–66.</ref> === Ƙungiyoyi === Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> === Wasikar Jirgin Sama === [[File:FAM_18_Round_the_World_1939.jpg|right|thumb| Murfin jirgi wanda aka ɗauka a duniya akan jirgin PAA Boeing 314 Clippers da Imperial Airways Short S23 jiragen jirgi masu tashi 24 Yuni - 28 July 1939]] A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki. Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1  d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, ''Speed Wings Over the World yana'' ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a [[Southampton]] da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa [[Hong Kong|Hongkong]], daga gabashin gabas zuwa [[New York (birni)|New York]] zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa [[San Francisco]] (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma [[United Airlines|Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya]] ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat ''Castor'' ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937. A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen. == Yakin Duniya na Biyu == Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. <ref>Moss (1962)</ref> == Hadari da abubuwan da suka faru == === Mummunar Haɗari === ==== Cikin shekarata 1920 ==== * 24 ga Disamba 1924: de Havilland DH.34 G-EBBX ''City of Delhi ta yi'' hadari kuma gobara ta tashi jim kadan da tashinsa daga Filin jirgin saman Croydon, inda matukin jirgin da dukkan fasinjojin bakwai suka mutu. <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> * 13 ga Yuli 1928: Vickers Vulcan G-EBLB sun yi hadari a Purley yayin jirgin gwajin, inda mutane hudu daga cikin shida da ke cikin jirgin suka mutu. <ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> Sakamakon hatsarin, Imperial Airways ya dakatar da tashiwar ma'aikata (wanda ake kira hawan farin ciki) yayin jigilar gwaji. * 17 Yuni 1929: Handley Page W.10 G-EBMT ''City na Ottawa'' ditched a cikin harshen Turanci Channel wadannan ingine gazawar alhãli kuwa a kan wani jirgin daga Croydon zuwa Paris tare da asarar bakwai rayuwarsu. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 6 ga watan Satumba 1929: de Havilland Hercules G-EBMZ ''Birnin Kudus'' ya yi hadari ya kone a kan saukarsu a Jask, [[Iran]] a cikin duhu saboda matukin jirgin ya yi rashin fahimta da tsayar da jirgin, ya kashe uku daga biyar a cikin jirgin. * 26 Oktoba 1929: Short Calcutta G-AADN ''City na Rome da'' ƙarfi ya sauka daga La Spezia, [[Italiya]] a cikin yanayi mara kyau; kwale-kwalen da ke tashi sama ya nutse cikin dare yayin kokarin jawo shi zuwa gabar teku, ya kashe bakwai din da ke cikinsa. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> ==== A tsakanin shekarun 1930 ==== * 30 ga Oktoba 1930: Shafin Handley W.8g G-EBIX ''Birnin Washington ya'' buge da doguwar ƙasa a cikin hazo a Boulogne, [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], inda ya kashe uku daga shida a cikin jirgin. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 28 Maris 1933: Armstrong Whitworth Argosy G-AACI ''City na Liverpool'' ya yi hadari a Diksmuide,[[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan wata gobara a cikin jirgin. Wannan ana zargin shine farkon lamarin ɓarna a cikin iska. Duk mutanen goma sha biyar da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu.<ref name="Argosy">Stroud, May 1985, pp.265–269</ref> * 30 ga Disamba 1933: Avro Ten G-ABLU ''Apollo ya'' yi karo da mashin rediyo a Ruysselede, Belgium kuma ya fadi . Duk mutanen goma da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. <ref name="Avro">Stroud,Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> * 31 Disamba 1935: Short Calcutta G-AASJ ''City na Khartoum'' ya fado daga [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Misira]] lokacin da dukkanin injina huɗu suka kasa zuwa, mai yiwuwa saboda yunwar mai; goma sha biyu daga 13 da ke cikin jirgin sun nitse a lokacin da jirgin da ke shawagi ya nutse. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> * 22 ga Agusta 1936: Short Kent G-ABFA ''Scipio ya'' nitse a Mirabello Bay, Crete bayan saukar jirgi mai nauyi, ya kashe biyu daga 11 da ke cikin jirgin. <ref name="Calcutta" /> * 24 Maris 1937: Short Empire G-ADVA ''Capricornus'' ya yi hadari a tsaunukan Beaujolois kusa da Ouroux, Faransa sakamakon kuskuren kewayawa, ya kashe biyar. * 1 ga Oktoba 1937: Short Empire G-ADVC ''Courtier'' ya yi hadari a kan sauka a Phaleron Bay, [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] saboda rashin gani sosai, ya kashe biyu daga 15 a cikin jirgin. * 5 ga Disamba 1937: Short Empire G-ADUZ ''Cygnus'' ya yi hadari a kan tashinsa daga Brindisi, Italiya saboda ba daidai ba saitin filin, ya kashe biyu. * 27 ga Yuli 1938: Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTG ''Amalthea'' ya tashi zuwa wani tsauni kusa da [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]] jim kaɗan bayan tashinsa, inda ya kashe duka mutanen da ke cikin jirgin. * 27 ga Nuwamba 1938: Short Empire G-AETW ''Calpurnia ta yi'' hadari a Tafkin Habbaniyah, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] a cikin mummunan yanayi bayan matukin jirgin ya sauko don ci gaba da ganin ido da kasa bayan rikicewar sararin samaniya, ya kashe dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin hudu. * 21 Janairu 1939: Short Empire G-ADUU ''Cavalier'' ditched a cikin Atlantic 285&nbsp;tashi daga [[New York (jiha)|New York]] saboda icing na carburettor da asarar ƙarfin injiniya;uku sun nitse yayin da masu tsira goma suka dauke ta tankin ''Esso Baytown'' . Bayan haka kuma Imperial Airways da Pan-American trans-ocicic boats masu jirgi suna da saman saman fuka-fukan da aka zana manyan alamun ganuwa mai ruwan lemu. * 1 ga Mayu 1939: Short Empire G-ADVD ''Challenger'' ya yi hadari a cikin lagon Lumbo yayin da yake kokarin sauka a Filin jirgin saman Lumbo, ya kashe biyu daga shida a cikin jirgin. ==== 1940 ==== * 1 ga watan Maris 1940: Jirgin 197, wanda ke aiki da Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'', ya bace a kan Tekun Oman dauke da mutane takwas; ba a sami tarkacen jirgin ruwa, kaya ko mazaunan ciki ba. Dalilin faduwar jirgin har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma yunwa na man fetur, yajin tsuntsaye da ke lalata farfadiya kuma ya haifar da injin ko reshe ya rabu, fashewar jirgin sama ko rashin aikin injiniya da yawa an tsara. Watanni biyu bayan hadarin, an cire HP42 daga ayyukan fasinjoji. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk jiragen kasuwanci da ake amfani da su a dogon jirage a kan ruwa su kasance da kayan aiki na sirri da na rayuwa; wannan daga baya zai zama ingantacce a duk masana'antar kamfanin jirgin sama. === Hadarin da bai muni ba === * 21 ga Oktoba 1926: Shafin Handley W.10 G-EBMS ''Garin Melbourne wanda aka'' liƙa a Tashar Ingilishi {{Convert|18|nmi|km}} daga gabar tekun ingila bayan injin ya fadi. Dukkanin mutane 12 da ke cikin jirgin FV ''Invicta'' ne ya ceto su. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 19 ga Afrilu 1931: de Havilland DH.66 Hercules tare da rajista G-EBMW, sun lalace ba za a iya gyara su ba a saukowar tilas bayan yunwar mai a [[Surabaya]].Jirgin ya yi aiki ne a jirgin jirgi na gwaji daga Indiya zuwa [[Melbourne]] tare da tsayawa a hanyar Semarang, [[Surabaya|Soerabaja]] da Kupang . * 8 ga watan Agusta 1931: Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'' yana gudanar da jigilar fasinjan fasinjoji daga Croydon zuwa Paris lokacin da injin ya faskara kuma tarkace suka tilasta wa injin na biyu rufe.Saukewar tilastawa zuwa Five Oak Green,Kent ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu raunin da ya faru. Hannibal ya warwatse kuma ya yi jigilar kaya zuwa Croydon don a sake gina shi. * 9 ga Nuwamba 1935: Short Kent G-ABFB ''Sylvanus ya'' kama da wuta kuma ya kone yayin shan mai a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Brindisi; ma'aikatan man sun sami damar tsallakewa daga jirgin da ke kone suka tsira. [nb 1] * 29 Satumba 1936:Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTK ya ƙone a cikin wutar hangar a Delhi, Indiya. * 31 ga Mayu 1937:Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 (tsohon HP42) G-AAXE ''Hengist'' ya lalace a cikin wutar hangar a [[Karachi]], Indiya. <ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> * 3 Disamba 1938: de Havilland Express G-ADCN ya ƙone a Bangkok. * 12 ga watan Maris 1939: Short S.23 Empire Flying Boat Mk 1 ''G-ADUY'',ya lalace fiye da gyara a Tandjong, Batavia,Netherlands East Indies.Buga wani abu mai nutsuwa yayin hawa motar haya bayan sauka. Jirgin jirgin sama ya lalace amma ya lalace baya gyarawa ta nutsewa da mishandling yayin rashi.Jirgin sama ya warwatse ya shigo dashi England amma bai dawo aiki ba. * 7 ga Nuwamba 1939: Shafin Handley Shafin HP42 G-AXXD ''Horatius'' an rubuta shi biyo bayan saukar sa da aka yi da karfi a filin wasan golf a Tiverton, Devon. * 19 Maris 1940: Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 G-AAXC ''Heracles'' da HP42 G-AAUD ''Hanno'' an rubuta su bayan an busa su cikin guguwar iska yayin da suka tsaya a Filin jirgin saman Whitchurch. == Jirgin sama == Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC . {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" ! width="21%" |Aircraft ! width="10%" |Type !Number !Period !Names ! width="24%" |Notes |- |Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | rowspan="2" |landplane<br /><br />''City class'' |3 |{{nowrap|1926–34}} |''Birmingham'' (crashed 1931), ''City of Wellington'' (later ''City of Arundel'') (1934), ''Glasgow'' (retired 1934) | |- |{{nowrap|[[Armstrong Whitworth Argosy|Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II]]}} |4 |1929–35 |''City of Edinburgh'' (wrecked 1926), ''City of Liverpool'' (wrecked 1933), ''City of Manchester'' (sold 1935) and ''City of Coventry'' (scrapped 1935) |<ref name="Argosy" /> |- |Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta |landplane<br /><br />''Atalanta class'' |8 |1932–41 |''Atalanta'' (sold), ''Andromeda'' (withdrawn 1939), ''Arethusa'' (renamed ''Atalanta''), ''Artemis'', ''Astraea'', ''Athena'' (burnt 1936), ''Aurora'' (sold) and ''Amalthea'' (wrecked 1938). |For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & [[Karachi]]-[[Singafora|Singapore]] leg on Australia route. |- |Armstrong Whitworth Ensign |landplane<br /><br />''Ensign class'' |12 |1938–46 |Empire type (27 passengers) ''Ensign'', ''Egeria'', ''Elsinore'', ''Euterpe'', ''Explorer'', ''Euryalus'', ''Echo'', ''Endymion'' and Western Type (40 passengers) ''Eddystone'', ''Ettrick'', ''Empyrean'' and ''Elysian'' |''Everest'' & ''Enterprise'' delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.<ref name="Ensign">Stroud, June 1988, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Avro 618 Ten | rowspan="2" |landplane |2 |1930–38 |''Achilles'' (crashed 1938) ''Apollo'' (collided with radio mast 1933) |licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m<ref name="Avro">Stroud, Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> |- |Avro 652 |2 |1936–38 |''Avalon'' and ''Avatar'' (later ''Ava'') to RAF in 1938. |Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer<ref name="Avro" /> |- |Boulton &amp;amp; Paul P.71A |landplane<br /><br />''Bodiciea class'' |2 |1934–36 |''Bodiciea'' (lost 1935) and ''Britomart'' (lost 1936) |Experimental mailplanes<ref name="BP">Stroud, Aug 1986, pp.433–436</ref> |- |Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | rowspan="6" |landplane |2 |1924–26 |''G-EAWY'', ''G-EBEV'' (retired 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |- |de Havilland DH.34 |7 |1924–26 |ex-Instone Air Line ''G-EBBR'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBT'' (scrapped 1930), ''G-EBBV'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBBW'' (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway ''G-EBBX'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBY'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBCX'' (wrecked 1924) |<ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> |- |de Havilland DH.50 |3 |1924–33 |''G-EBFO'' (damaged 1924 and sold), ''G-EBFP'' (scrapped 1933), ''G-EBKZ'' (crashed 1928) |G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia |- |de Havilland DH.54 Highclere |1 |1924–27 |''G-EBKI'' |freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse |- |de Havilland Giant Moth |1 |1930-30 |''G-AAEV'' (wrecked 1930) |crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. |- |de Havilland Hercules |9 |1926–35 |''City of Cairo'' (wrecked 1931), ''City of Delhi'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Baghdad'' (withdrawn 1933), ''City of Jerusalem'', ''City of Tehran'', ''City of Basra'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Karachi'' (withdrawn 1935), ''City of Jodhpur'' (sold) and ''City of Cape Town'' (sold) | |- |de Havilland DH.86 |landplane<br /><br />''Diana'' class |12 |1934–41 |''Daedalus'' (burned 1938), ''Danae'', ''Dardanus'', ''Delia'' (wrecked 1941), ''Delphinus'', ''Demeter'', ''Denebola'', ''Dido'', ''Dione'', ''Dorado'', ''Draco'' (wrecked 1935), and ''Dryad'' (sold 1938) |All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |- |de Havilland Albatross |landplane<br /><br />''Frobisher'' class |7 |1938–43 |''Faraday'' (impressed 1940), ''Franklin'' (impressed 1940), ''Frobisher'' (destroyed 1940), ''Falcon'' (scrapped 1943), ''Fortuna'' (crashed 1943), ''Fingal'' (crashed 1940) and ''Fiona'' (scrapped 1943). |1 used as long range mail carrier<ref name="Jackson1973">Jackson, 1973, 433–437</ref> |- |Desoutter IB | rowspan="6" |landplane |1 |1933–35 |''G-ABMW'' |Air-taxi No 6 |- |Handley Page O/10 |1 |1924-24 |''G-EATH'' |ex-Handley Page Transport but never used |- |Handley Page W8b |3 |1924–32 |''Princess Mary'' (wrecked 1928), ''Prince George'' (retired 1929) and ''Prince Henry'' (retired 1932)<ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> |ex-Handley Page Transport<ref name="HPW" /> |- |Handley Page W8f Hamilton |1 |1924–30 |''City of Washington'' (wrecked 1930)<ref name="HPW" /> |Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 |- |Handley Page W9a Hampstead |1 |1926–29 |''City of New York'' (sold 1929)<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page W10 |4 |1926–33 |''City of Melbourne'' (sold 1933), ''City of Pretoria'' (sold 1933), ''City of London'' (crashed 1926) and ''City of Ottawa'' (crashed 1929).<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page H.P.42E |landplane<br /><br />''Hannibal class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Hannibal'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horsa'' (impressed 1940), ''Hanno'' (wrecked 1940), ''Hadrian'' (impressed 1940) |(24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes<ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 |landplane<br /><br />''Heracles class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Heracles'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horatius'' (wrecked 1939), ''Hengist'' (wrecked 1937) and ''Helena'' (impressed 1940) |(38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, ''Hengist'' and ''Helena'' converted to H.P.42E.<ref name="HP42" /> |- |Short S.8 Calcutta |flying boat |5 |1928–35 |''City of Alexandria'' (wrecked 1936), ''City of Athens'' (later ''City of Stonehaven'') (scrapped), ''City of Rome'' (wrecked 1929), ''City of Khartoum'' (wrecked 1935) and ''City of Salonica'' (later ''City of Swanage'') (scrapped)<ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> | |- |Short S.17 Kent |flying boat<br /><br />''Scipio class'' |3 |1931–38 |''Scipio'' (wrecked 1936), ''Sylvanus'' (burned 1935) and ''Satyrus'' (scrapped 1938)<ref name="Calcutta" /> | |- |Short L.17 Scylla |landplane |2 |1934–40 |''Scylla'' (wrecked 1940) and ''Syrinx'' (scrapped 1940) |Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.<ref name="Scylla">Stroud, Oct 1984, pp.549–553</ref> |- |Short Mayo Composite |flying boat |2 |1938–40 |''Mercury'' (scrapped 1941) and ''Maia'' (destroyed in German raid, 1942). |Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |- |Short S.23 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |31 |1936–47 |''Canopus'', ''Caledonia'', ''Centaurus'', ''Cavalier'', ''Cambria'', ''Castor'', ''Cassiopea'', ''Capella'', ''Cygnus'', ''Capricornus'', ''Corsair'', ''Courtier'', ''Challenger'', ''Centurion'', ''Coriolanus'', ''Calpurnia'', ''Ceres'', ''Clio'', ''Circe'', ''Calypso'', ''Camilla'', ''Corinna'', ''Cordelia'', ''Cameronian'', ''Corinthian'', ''Coogee'', ''Corio'', and ''Coorong''. ''Carpentaria'', ''Coolangatta'', ''Cooee'' delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas |provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.<ref name="Empire1">Stroud, Dec 1989, pp.763–769</ref><ref name="Empire2">Stroud, Jan 1990, pp.51–61</ref> |- |Short S.26 |flying boat<br /><br />''G class'' |3 |1939–40 |''Golden Hind'', ''Golden Fleece'' and ''Golden Horn'' |Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |- |Short S.30 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |9 |1938–47 |''Champion'', ''Cabot'', ''Caribou'', ''Connemara'', ''Clyde'', ''Clare'', ''Cathay'', ''Ao-tea-roa'' (to TEAL as ''Aotearoa''), ''Captain Cook'' (to TEAL as ''Awarua''). |long range variant of S.23<ref name="Empire1" /><ref name="Empire2" /> |- |Supermarine Sea Eagle | rowspan="3" |flying boat |2 |1924–29 |''Sarnia/G-EBGR'' (retired 1929) and ''G-EBGS'' (wrecked 1927) |ex-British Marine Air Navigation |- |Supermarine Southampton |1 |1929–30 |''G-AASH'' |RAF ''S1235'' on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.<ref name="Jackson443">Jackson, 1974, p.443</ref> |- |Supermarine Swan |1 |1925–27 |''G-EBJY'' (scrapped 1927) |RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service |- |Vickers Vanguard | rowspan="5" |landplane |1 |1926–29 |''G-EBCP'' (wrecked 1929) |on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |- |Vickers Vellox |1 |1934–36 |''G-ABKY'' (wrecked 1936) |cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202214.html "Commercial Aviation"] ''Flight'' 13 August 1936 p181</ref> |- |Vickers Vimy Commercial |1 |1924–25 |''City of London'' (wrecked 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line<ref name="Vimy">Stroud, Feb 1984, pp.101–105</ref> |- |Vickers Vulcan |3 |1924–28 |''G-EBLB/City of Brussels'' (wrecked 1928), ''G-EBFC'' (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) |<ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> |- |Westland IV and Wessex |3 |1931–37 |''G-AAGW'', ''G-ABEG'' (wrecked 1936), ''G-ACHI'' |2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.<ref name="Wessex">Stroud, Dec 1985, pp.657–661</ref> |- |}   == Bibliyo == * Baldwin, N.C. 1950.''Imperial Airways (and Subsidiary Companies): A History and Priced Check List of the Empire Air Mails.'' Sutton Coldfield, England: Francis J. Field. * {{cite book|last=Bluffield|first=Robert|date=2009|title=Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, England|isbn=978-1-906537-07-4}} * Budd,Lucy [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb253.html "Global Networks Before Globalisation: Imperial Airways and the Development of Long-Haul Air Routes"] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Bulletin 253,5 December 2007. * Cluett, Douglas; Nash, Joanna; Learmonth Bob. 1980.Croydon Airport 1928–1939,The Great Days. London Borough of Sutton {{ISBN|0-9503224-8-2}} * Davies, R.E.G 2005. ''British Airways: An Airline and Its Aircraft, Volume 1: 1919–1939—The Imperial Years.'' McLean, VA: Paladwr Press. {{ISBN|1-888962-24-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-888962-24-0|1-888962-24-0]] * Doyle, Neville. 2002. The Triple Alliance: The Predecessors of the first British Airways. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|0-85130-286-6}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-85130-286-6|0-85130-286-6]] * Higham, Robin. 1960. ''Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939: The Story of Britain's Overseas Airlines.'' London: G.T. Foulis; Hamden, CT: Shoe String. * Jackson, A.J. 1959 and 1974. ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919'' 2 vols (1st ed.); 3 vols (2nd ed.) London: Putnam. * Moss, Peter W. 1962. Impressments Log (Vol I-IV). Air-Britain. * Moss, Peter W. October 1974. British Airways. ''Aeroplane Monthly''. * {{cite book|last=Ord-Hume|first=Arthur W. J. G.|title=Imperial Airways, From Early Days to BOAC|year=2010|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840335149|page=10|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|access-date=2021-07-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122207/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|url-status=dead}} * Pirie, G.H. 2004. Passenger traffic in the 1930s on British imperial air routes: refinement and revision. ''Journal of Transport History'', 25: 66–84. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. ''Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation 1919–39''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-4111-2}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4111-2|978-0-7190-4111-2]]. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1: 49–66. * Pirie, G.H. 2012.''Cultures and Caricatures of British Imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-8682-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-8682-3|978-0-7190-8682-3]]. * Pudney, J. 1959. ''The Seven Skies - A Study of BOAC and its forerunners since 1919''. London: Putnam. * Salt, Major A.E.W. 1930.''Imperial Air Routes.'' London: John Murray. * Sanford, Kendall C. 2003. ''Air Crash Mail of Imperial Airways and Predecessor Airlines.'' Bristol: Stuart Rossiter Trust Fund. {{ISBN|0-9530004-6-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9530004-6-X|0-9530004-6-X]] * Stroud, John 1962.''Annals of British and Commonwealth Air Transport 1919–1960.'' London: Putnam. * Stroud, John. 2005. ''The Imperial Airways Fleet.'' Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7524-2997-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7524-2997-3|0-7524-2997-3]] * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}}. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010822124059/http://www.imperial-airways.com/ www.imperial-airways.com yanar gizo mai himma a archive.org] * [http://www.britishairways.com/travel/explore-our-past/public/en_gb British Airways "Binciko abubuwan da suka gabata"] * [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/iaw.htm Tsarin Lokaci na Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.nzstamps.org.uk/air/external/eastern/easternroute.html Tarihi Hanyar Jirgin Sama Na Gabas] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132232/http://imperial-airways.co.uk/ Yanar gizo don bayanan tarihi akan kamfanin jirgin sama] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140317160801/http://www.imperial-airways.gb.com/ Yanar gizo don Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.crete2cape.com Yanar Gizo don Haɗaɗɗen Jirgin Sama na Crete2Cape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724160758/https://crete2cape.com/ |date=2021-07-24 }} * Documents and clippings about Imperial Airways == Manazarta == [[Category:Tsaffin filayen jirage]] [[Category:Filin jirgin sama]] [[Category:Filin jiragen da aka kafa]] [[Category:Filin Jirgin Imperial]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hx9jwnny8we5c2s5z7ktnlcq39k5fjc 547655 547654 2024-11-28T18:37:44Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Hellenic Imperial Airways Boeing 747-200 Spijkers.jpg|thumb]] '''Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways''' shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya, wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da [[Hong Kong]]. Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai. Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba, kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939. BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da [[British Airways]]. [[File:Vickers Vulcan Type 74 G-EBLB Imperial Airways Dübendorf - LBS SR02-10199.tif|thumb]] == Asali == Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. <ref name="Pirie">Pirie, 2009</ref> == Samarwa == [[File:Tanken_van_een_vliegtuig_Airplane_provided_with_fuel.jpg|thumb| Shafin Handley W.8b wanda aka gada daga Shafin Shafin Handley lokacin da aka kirkiro Imperial Airways]] An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . <ref name="Ord-Hume1">Ord-Hume, 2010, pp.7–9</ref> Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. <ref name="Ord-Hume2">Ord-Hume, 2010, p.10</ref> An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. <ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1924/1924%20-%200005.html Terms of Agreement Published] ''Flight'', 1924.</ref> An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga Maris 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin. Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin [[Landan|London]]. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga Afrilu 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f ''City na Washington'', wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilu 1925, fim din ''Thearshen Duniya'' ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Hada Hadan Empire == [[File:Imperial_routes_April_1935.jpg|thumb| Afrilu 1935 taswira da ke nuna Imperial Airways '<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Hanyoyin jirgin sama tsakanin Ingila, Indiya, Australia da Afirka ta Kudu]] === Tabbatar da Hanya === Tsakanin 16 Nuwamba 1925 da 13 Maris 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane ''G-EBFO'' . Hanyar waje ita ce [[Landan|London]] - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Marseille]] - Pisa - Taranto - [[Athens]] - Sollum - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] - [[Luxor]] - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - [[Khartoum]] - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - [[Kisumu]] - Tabora - Abercorn - [[Ndola]] - Broken Hill - Livingstone - [[Bulawayo]] - [[Pretoria]] - [[Johannesburg]] - Kimberley - Blomfontein - [[Cape Town]] . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 30 ga Yuni 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a ''G-EBFO'' don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga Agusta 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala {{Convert|28000|nmi|mi km}} a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules ''G-EBMX City na Delhi sun'' bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref>. === Hanyar Gabas === [[File:Imperial_Airways_Ad_1936.jpg|right|thumb| Wani talla na 1936]] Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Basra]] ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref> Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, [[Karachi|sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya]] fara a ranar 30 ga Maris 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Genoa]] da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 Disamba 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa. A watan Afrilu 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga [[Asturaliya|Landan- Australia;]] an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa [[Sydney]] . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL ''Astraea'' . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. ''Astraea ta'' tashi zuwa Croydon - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Lyon]] - [[Rum|Rome]] - Brindisi - [[Athens]] - [[Alexandria]] - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa [[Karachi]] sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] - Akyab - [[Yangon|Rangoon]] - [[Bangkok]] - Prachuab - Alor Setar - [[Singafora|Singapore]] - Palembang - [[Jakarta|Batavia]] - [[Surabaya|Sourabaya]] - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa [[Kolkata|sabis na Calcutta ya]] tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa [[Yangon|Rangoon]] a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1933, London da [[Singafora|Singapore]] na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1933, da kuma London da [[Brisbane]] na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa [[Hong Kong]] sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} === Hanyar Afirka === [[File:De_Havilland_Hercules.jpg|right|thumb| de Havilland Hercules ''City na Alkahira'']] A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa [[Cape Town]] . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY ''City of Karachi ya'' isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. <ref name="Atalanta">Stroud, June 1986, pp.321–326</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936. === Jirage masu tashi daga ruwa Short === [[File:StateLibQld_1_154471_Flying_boat,_Challenger_on_her_moorings_in_the_Townsville_Harbour,_Queensland.jpg|thumb| Short Empire yawo jirgin ''Kalubale'' .]] A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga [[Southampton]] zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta [[Marseille]],[[Rum|Rome]], Brindisi,[[Athens]], [[Alexandria]], [[Khartoum]], Port Bell, [[Kisumu]] kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa [[Nairobi]],Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe [[Cape Town]] . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] zuwa [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban. === Fasinjoji === Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. <ref>Pirie, G.H. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1 (2009) 49–66.</ref> === Ƙungiyoyi === Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> === Wasikar Jirgin Sama === [[File:FAM_18_Round_the_World_1939.jpg|right|thumb| Murfin jirgi wanda aka ɗauka a duniya akan jirgin PAA Boeing 314 Clippers da Imperial Airways Short S23 jiragen jirgi masu tashi 24 Yuni - 28 July 1939]] A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki. Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1  d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, ''Speed Wings Over the World yana'' ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a [[Southampton]] da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa [[Hong Kong|Hongkong]], daga gabashin gabas zuwa [[New York (birni)|New York]] zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa [[San Francisco]] (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma [[United Airlines|Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya]] ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat ''Castor'' ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937. A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen. == Yakin Duniya na Biyu == Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. <ref>Moss (1962)</ref> == Hadari da abubuwan da suka faru == === Mummunar Haɗari === ==== Cikin shekarata 1920 ==== * 24 ga Disamba 1924: de Havilland DH.34 G-EBBX ''City of Delhi ta yi'' hadari kuma gobara ta tashi jim kadan da tashinsa daga Filin jirgin saman Croydon, inda matukin jirgin da dukkan fasinjojin bakwai suka mutu. <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> * 13 ga Yuli 1928: Vickers Vulcan G-EBLB sun yi hadari a Purley yayin jirgin gwajin, inda mutane hudu daga cikin shida da ke cikin jirgin suka mutu. <ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> Sakamakon hatsarin, Imperial Airways ya dakatar da tashiwar ma'aikata (wanda ake kira hawan farin ciki) yayin jigilar gwaji. * 17 Yuni 1929: Handley Page W.10 G-EBMT ''City na Ottawa'' ditched a cikin harshen Turanci Channel wadannan ingine gazawar alhãli kuwa a kan wani jirgin daga Croydon zuwa Paris tare da asarar bakwai rayuwarsu. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 6 ga watan Satumba 1929: de Havilland Hercules G-EBMZ ''Birnin Kudus'' ya yi hadari ya kone a kan saukarsu a Jask, [[Iran]] a cikin duhu saboda matukin jirgin ya yi rashin fahimta da tsayar da jirgin, ya kashe uku daga biyar a cikin jirgin. * 26 Oktoba 1929: Short Calcutta G-AADN ''City na Rome da'' ƙarfi ya sauka daga La Spezia, [[Italiya]] a cikin yanayi mara kyau; kwale-kwalen da ke tashi sama ya nutse cikin dare yayin kokarin jawo shi zuwa gabar teku, ya kashe bakwai din da ke cikinsa. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> ==== A tsakanin shekarun 1930 ==== * 30 ga Oktoba 1930: Shafin Handley W.8g G-EBIX ''Birnin Washington ya'' buge da doguwar ƙasa a cikin hazo a Boulogne, [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], inda ya kashe uku daga shida a cikin jirgin. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 28 Maris 1933: Armstrong Whitworth Argosy G-AACI ''City na Liverpool'' ya yi hadari a Diksmuide,[[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan wata gobara a cikin jirgin. Wannan ana zargin shine farkon lamarin ɓarna a cikin iska. Duk mutanen goma sha biyar da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu.<ref name="Argosy">Stroud, May 1985, pp.265–269</ref> * 30 ga Disamba 1933: Avro Ten G-ABLU ''Apollo ya'' yi karo da mashin rediyo a Ruysselede, Belgium kuma ya fadi . Duk mutanen goma da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. <ref name="Avro">Stroud,Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> * 31 Disamba 1935: Short Calcutta G-AASJ ''City na Khartoum'' ya fado daga [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Misira]] lokacin da dukkanin injina huɗu suka kasa zuwa, mai yiwuwa saboda yunwar mai; goma sha biyu daga 13 da ke cikin jirgin sun nitse a lokacin da jirgin da ke shawagi ya nutse. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> * 22 ga Agusta 1936: Short Kent G-ABFA ''Scipio ya'' nitse a Mirabello Bay, Crete bayan saukar jirgi mai nauyi, ya kashe biyu daga 11 da ke cikin jirgin. <ref name="Calcutta" /> * 24 Maris 1937: Short Empire G-ADVA ''Capricornus'' ya yi hadari a tsaunukan Beaujolois kusa da Ouroux, Faransa sakamakon kuskuren kewayawa, ya kashe biyar. * 1 ga Oktoba 1937: Short Empire G-ADVC ''Courtier'' ya yi hadari a kan sauka a Phaleron Bay, [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] saboda rashin gani sosai, ya kashe biyu daga 15 a cikin jirgin. * 5 ga Disamba 1937: Short Empire G-ADUZ ''Cygnus'' ya yi hadari a kan tashinsa daga Brindisi, Italiya saboda ba daidai ba saitin filin, ya kashe biyu. * 27 ga Yuli 1938: Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTG ''Amalthea'' ya tashi zuwa wani tsauni kusa da [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]] jim kaɗan bayan tashinsa, inda ya kashe duka mutanen da ke cikin jirgin. * 27 ga Nuwamba 1938: Short Empire G-AETW ''Calpurnia ta yi'' hadari a Tafkin Habbaniyah, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] a cikin mummunan yanayi bayan matukin jirgin ya sauko don ci gaba da ganin ido da kasa bayan rikicewar sararin samaniya, ya kashe dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin hudu. * 21 Janairu 1939: Short Empire G-ADUU ''Cavalier'' ditched a cikin Atlantic 285&nbsp;tashi daga [[New York (jiha)|New York]] saboda icing na carburettor da asarar ƙarfin injiniya;uku sun nitse yayin da masu tsira goma suka dauke ta tankin ''Esso Baytown'' . Bayan haka kuma Imperial Airways da Pan-American trans-ocicic boats masu jirgi suna da saman saman fuka-fukan da aka zana manyan alamun ganuwa mai ruwan lemu. * 1 ga Mayu 1939: Short Empire G-ADVD ''Challenger'' ya yi hadari a cikin lagon Lumbo yayin da yake kokarin sauka a Filin jirgin saman Lumbo, ya kashe biyu daga shida a cikin jirgin. ==== 1940 ==== * 1 ga watan Maris 1940: Jirgin 197, wanda ke aiki da Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'', ya bace a kan Tekun Oman dauke da mutane takwas; ba a sami tarkacen jirgin ruwa, kaya ko mazaunan ciki ba. Dalilin faduwar jirgin har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma yunwa na man fetur, yajin tsuntsaye da ke lalata farfadiya kuma ya haifar da injin ko reshe ya rabu, fashewar jirgin sama ko rashin aikin injiniya da yawa an tsara. Watanni biyu bayan hadarin, an cire HP42 daga ayyukan fasinjoji. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk jiragen kasuwanci da ake amfani da su a dogon jirage a kan ruwa su kasance da kayan aiki na sirri da na rayuwa; wannan daga baya zai zama ingantacce a duk masana'antar kamfanin jirgin sama. === Hadarin da bai muni ba === * 21 ga Oktoba 1926: Shafin Handley W.10 G-EBMS ''Garin Melbourne wanda aka'' liƙa a Tashar Ingilishi {{Convert|18|nmi|km}} daga gabar tekun ingila bayan injin ya fadi. Dukkanin mutane 12 da ke cikin jirgin FV ''Invicta'' ne ya ceto su. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 19 ga Afrilu 1931: de Havilland DH.66 Hercules tare da rajista G-EBMW, sun lalace ba za a iya gyara su ba a saukowar tilas bayan yunwar mai a [[Surabaya]].Jirgin ya yi aiki ne a jirgin jirgi na gwaji daga Indiya zuwa [[Melbourne]] tare da tsayawa a hanyar Semarang, [[Surabaya|Soerabaja]] da Kupang . * 8 ga watan Agusta 1931: Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'' yana gudanar da jigilar fasinjan fasinjoji daga Croydon zuwa Paris lokacin da injin ya faskara kuma tarkace suka tilasta wa injin na biyu rufe.Saukewar tilastawa zuwa Five Oak Green,Kent ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu raunin da ya faru. Hannibal ya warwatse kuma ya yi jigilar kaya zuwa Croydon don a sake gina shi. * 9 ga Nuwamba 1935: Short Kent G-ABFB ''Sylvanus ya'' kama da wuta kuma ya kone yayin shan mai a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Brindisi; ma'aikatan man sun sami damar tsallakewa daga jirgin da ke kone suka tsira. [nb 1] * 29 Satumba 1936:Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTK ya ƙone a cikin wutar hangar a Delhi, Indiya. * 31 ga Mayu 1937:Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 (tsohon HP42) G-AAXE ''Hengist'' ya lalace a cikin wutar hangar a [[Karachi]], Indiya. <ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> * 3 Disamba 1938: de Havilland Express G-ADCN ya ƙone a Bangkok. * 12 ga watan Maris 1939: Short S.23 Empire Flying Boat Mk 1 ''G-ADUY'',ya lalace fiye da gyara a Tandjong, Batavia,Netherlands East Indies.Buga wani abu mai nutsuwa yayin hawa motar haya bayan sauka. Jirgin jirgin sama ya lalace amma ya lalace baya gyarawa ta nutsewa da mishandling yayin rashi.Jirgin sama ya warwatse ya shigo dashi England amma bai dawo aiki ba. * 7 ga Nuwamba 1939: Shafin Handley Shafin HP42 G-AXXD ''Horatius'' an rubuta shi biyo bayan saukar sa da aka yi da karfi a filin wasan golf a Tiverton, Devon. * 19 Maris 1940: Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 G-AAXC ''Heracles'' da HP42 G-AAUD ''Hanno'' an rubuta su bayan an busa su cikin guguwar iska yayin da suka tsaya a Filin jirgin saman Whitchurch. == Jirgin sama == Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC . {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" ! width="21%" |Aircraft ! width="10%" |Type !Number !Period !Names ! width="24%" |Notes |- |Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | rowspan="2" |landplane<br /><br />''City class'' |3 |{{nowrap|1926–34}} |''Birmingham'' (crashed 1931), ''City of Wellington'' (later ''City of Arundel'') (1934), ''Glasgow'' (retired 1934) | |- |{{nowrap|[[Armstrong Whitworth Argosy|Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II]]}} |4 |1929–35 |''City of Edinburgh'' (wrecked 1926), ''City of Liverpool'' (wrecked 1933), ''City of Manchester'' (sold 1935) and ''City of Coventry'' (scrapped 1935) |<ref name="Argosy" /> |- |Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta |landplane<br /><br />''Atalanta class'' |8 |1932–41 |''Atalanta'' (sold), ''Andromeda'' (withdrawn 1939), ''Arethusa'' (renamed ''Atalanta''), ''Artemis'', ''Astraea'', ''Athena'' (burnt 1936), ''Aurora'' (sold) and ''Amalthea'' (wrecked 1938). |For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & [[Karachi]]-[[Singafora|Singapore]] leg on Australia route. |- |Armstrong Whitworth Ensign |landplane<br /><br />''Ensign class'' |12 |1938–46 |Empire type (27 passengers) ''Ensign'', ''Egeria'', ''Elsinore'', ''Euterpe'', ''Explorer'', ''Euryalus'', ''Echo'', ''Endymion'' and Western Type (40 passengers) ''Eddystone'', ''Ettrick'', ''Empyrean'' and ''Elysian'' |''Everest'' & ''Enterprise'' delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.<ref name="Ensign">Stroud, June 1988, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Avro 618 Ten | rowspan="2" |landplane |2 |1930–38 |''Achilles'' (crashed 1938) ''Apollo'' (collided with radio mast 1933) |licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m<ref name="Avro">Stroud, Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> |- |Avro 652 |2 |1936–38 |''Avalon'' and ''Avatar'' (later ''Ava'') to RAF in 1938. |Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer<ref name="Avro" /> |- |Boulton &amp;amp; Paul P.71A |landplane<br /><br />''Bodiciea class'' |2 |1934–36 |''Bodiciea'' (lost 1935) and ''Britomart'' (lost 1936) |Experimental mailplanes<ref name="BP">Stroud, Aug 1986, pp.433–436</ref> |- |Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | rowspan="6" |landplane |2 |1924–26 |''G-EAWY'', ''G-EBEV'' (retired 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |- |de Havilland DH.34 |7 |1924–26 |ex-Instone Air Line ''G-EBBR'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBT'' (scrapped 1930), ''G-EBBV'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBBW'' (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway ''G-EBBX'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBY'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBCX'' (wrecked 1924) |<ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> |- |de Havilland DH.50 |3 |1924–33 |''G-EBFO'' (damaged 1924 and sold), ''G-EBFP'' (scrapped 1933), ''G-EBKZ'' (crashed 1928) |G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia |- |de Havilland DH.54 Highclere |1 |1924–27 |''G-EBKI'' |freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse |- |de Havilland Giant Moth |1 |1930-30 |''G-AAEV'' (wrecked 1930) |crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. |- |de Havilland Hercules |9 |1926–35 |''City of Cairo'' (wrecked 1931), ''City of Delhi'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Baghdad'' (withdrawn 1933), ''City of Jerusalem'', ''City of Tehran'', ''City of Basra'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Karachi'' (withdrawn 1935), ''City of Jodhpur'' (sold) and ''City of Cape Town'' (sold) | |- |de Havilland DH.86 |landplane<br /><br />''Diana'' class |12 |1934–41 |''Daedalus'' (burned 1938), ''Danae'', ''Dardanus'', ''Delia'' (wrecked 1941), ''Delphinus'', ''Demeter'', ''Denebola'', ''Dido'', ''Dione'', ''Dorado'', ''Draco'' (wrecked 1935), and ''Dryad'' (sold 1938) |All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |- |de Havilland Albatross |landplane<br /><br />''Frobisher'' class |7 |1938–43 |''Faraday'' (impressed 1940), ''Franklin'' (impressed 1940), ''Frobisher'' (destroyed 1940), ''Falcon'' (scrapped 1943), ''Fortuna'' (crashed 1943), ''Fingal'' (crashed 1940) and ''Fiona'' (scrapped 1943). |1 used as long range mail carrier<ref name="Jackson1973">Jackson, 1973, 433–437</ref> |- |Desoutter IB | rowspan="6" |landplane |1 |1933–35 |''G-ABMW'' |Air-taxi No 6 |- |Handley Page O/10 |1 |1924-24 |''G-EATH'' |ex-Handley Page Transport but never used |- |Handley Page W8b |3 |1924–32 |''Princess Mary'' (wrecked 1928), ''Prince George'' (retired 1929) and ''Prince Henry'' (retired 1932)<ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> |ex-Handley Page Transport<ref name="HPW" /> |- |Handley Page W8f Hamilton |1 |1924–30 |''City of Washington'' (wrecked 1930)<ref name="HPW" /> |Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 |- |Handley Page W9a Hampstead |1 |1926–29 |''City of New York'' (sold 1929)<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page W10 |4 |1926–33 |''City of Melbourne'' (sold 1933), ''City of Pretoria'' (sold 1933), ''City of London'' (crashed 1926) and ''City of Ottawa'' (crashed 1929).<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page H.P.42E |landplane<br /><br />''Hannibal class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Hannibal'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horsa'' (impressed 1940), ''Hanno'' (wrecked 1940), ''Hadrian'' (impressed 1940) |(24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes<ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 |landplane<br /><br />''Heracles class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Heracles'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horatius'' (wrecked 1939), ''Hengist'' (wrecked 1937) and ''Helena'' (impressed 1940) |(38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, ''Hengist'' and ''Helena'' converted to H.P.42E.<ref name="HP42" /> |- |Short S.8 Calcutta |flying boat |5 |1928–35 |''City of Alexandria'' (wrecked 1936), ''City of Athens'' (later ''City of Stonehaven'') (scrapped), ''City of Rome'' (wrecked 1929), ''City of Khartoum'' (wrecked 1935) and ''City of Salonica'' (later ''City of Swanage'') (scrapped)<ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> | |- |Short S.17 Kent |flying boat<br /><br />''Scipio class'' |3 |1931–38 |''Scipio'' (wrecked 1936), ''Sylvanus'' (burned 1935) and ''Satyrus'' (scrapped 1938)<ref name="Calcutta" /> | |- |Short L.17 Scylla |landplane |2 |1934–40 |''Scylla'' (wrecked 1940) and ''Syrinx'' (scrapped 1940) |Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.<ref name="Scylla">Stroud, Oct 1984, pp.549–553</ref> |- |Short Mayo Composite |flying boat |2 |1938–40 |''Mercury'' (scrapped 1941) and ''Maia'' (destroyed in German raid, 1942). |Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |- |Short S.23 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |31 |1936–47 |''Canopus'', ''Caledonia'', ''Centaurus'', ''Cavalier'', ''Cambria'', ''Castor'', ''Cassiopea'', ''Capella'', ''Cygnus'', ''Capricornus'', ''Corsair'', ''Courtier'', ''Challenger'', ''Centurion'', ''Coriolanus'', ''Calpurnia'', ''Ceres'', ''Clio'', ''Circe'', ''Calypso'', ''Camilla'', ''Corinna'', ''Cordelia'', ''Cameronian'', ''Corinthian'', ''Coogee'', ''Corio'', and ''Coorong''. ''Carpentaria'', ''Coolangatta'', ''Cooee'' delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas |provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.<ref name="Empire1">Stroud, Dec 1989, pp.763–769</ref><ref name="Empire2">Stroud, Jan 1990, pp.51–61</ref> |- |Short S.26 |flying boat<br /><br />''G class'' |3 |1939–40 |''Golden Hind'', ''Golden Fleece'' and ''Golden Horn'' |Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |- |Short S.30 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |9 |1938–47 |''Champion'', ''Cabot'', ''Caribou'', ''Connemara'', ''Clyde'', ''Clare'', ''Cathay'', ''Ao-tea-roa'' (to TEAL as ''Aotearoa''), ''Captain Cook'' (to TEAL as ''Awarua''). |long range variant of S.23<ref name="Empire1" /><ref name="Empire2" /> |- |Supermarine Sea Eagle | rowspan="3" |flying boat |2 |1924–29 |''Sarnia/G-EBGR'' (retired 1929) and ''G-EBGS'' (wrecked 1927) |ex-British Marine Air Navigation |- |Supermarine Southampton |1 |1929–30 |''G-AASH'' |RAF ''S1235'' on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.<ref name="Jackson443">Jackson, 1974, p.443</ref> |- |Supermarine Swan |1 |1925–27 |''G-EBJY'' (scrapped 1927) |RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service |- |Vickers Vanguard | rowspan="5" |landplane |1 |1926–29 |''G-EBCP'' (wrecked 1929) |on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |- |Vickers Vellox |1 |1934–36 |''G-ABKY'' (wrecked 1936) |cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202214.html "Commercial Aviation"] ''Flight'' 13 August 1936 p181</ref> |- |Vickers Vimy Commercial |1 |1924–25 |''City of London'' (wrecked 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line<ref name="Vimy">Stroud, Feb 1984, pp.101–105</ref> |- |Vickers Vulcan |3 |1924–28 |''G-EBLB/City of Brussels'' (wrecked 1928), ''G-EBFC'' (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) |<ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> |- |Westland IV and Wessex |3 |1931–37 |''G-AAGW'', ''G-ABEG'' (wrecked 1936), ''G-ACHI'' |2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.<ref name="Wessex">Stroud, Dec 1985, pp.657–661</ref> |- |}   == Bibliyo == * Baldwin, N.C. 1950.''Imperial Airways (and Subsidiary Companies): A History and Priced Check List of the Empire Air Mails.'' Sutton Coldfield, England: Francis J. Field. * {{cite book|last=Bluffield|first=Robert|date=2009|title=Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, England|isbn=978-1-906537-07-4}} * Budd,Lucy [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb253.html "Global Networks Before Globalisation: Imperial Airways and the Development of Long-Haul Air Routes"] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Bulletin 253,5 December 2007. * Cluett, Douglas; Nash, Joanna; Learmonth Bob. 1980.Croydon Airport 1928–1939,The Great Days. London Borough of Sutton {{ISBN|0-9503224-8-2}} * Davies, R.E.G 2005. ''British Airways: An Airline and Its Aircraft, Volume 1: 1919–1939—The Imperial Years.'' McLean, VA: Paladwr Press. {{ISBN|1-888962-24-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-888962-24-0|1-888962-24-0]] * Doyle, Neville. 2002. The Triple Alliance: The Predecessors of the first British Airways. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|0-85130-286-6}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-85130-286-6|0-85130-286-6]] * Higham, Robin. 1960. ''Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939: The Story of Britain's Overseas Airlines.'' London: G.T. Foulis; Hamden, CT: Shoe String. * Jackson, A.J. 1959 and 1974. ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919'' 2 vols (1st ed.); 3 vols (2nd ed.) London: Putnam. * Moss, Peter W. 1962. Impressments Log (Vol I-IV). Air-Britain. * Moss, Peter W. October 1974. British Airways. ''Aeroplane Monthly''. * {{cite book|last=Ord-Hume|first=Arthur W. J. G.|title=Imperial Airways, From Early Days to BOAC|year=2010|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840335149|page=10|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|access-date=2021-07-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122207/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|url-status=dead}} * Pirie, G.H. 2004. Passenger traffic in the 1930s on British imperial air routes: refinement and revision. ''Journal of Transport History'', 25: 66–84. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. ''Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation 1919–39''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-4111-2}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4111-2|978-0-7190-4111-2]]. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1: 49–66. * Pirie, G.H. 2012.''Cultures and Caricatures of British Imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-8682-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-8682-3|978-0-7190-8682-3]]. * Pudney, J. 1959. ''The Seven Skies - A Study of BOAC and its forerunners since 1919''. London: Putnam. * Salt, Major A.E.W. 1930.''Imperial Air Routes.'' London: John Murray. * Sanford, Kendall C. 2003. ''Air Crash Mail of Imperial Airways and Predecessor Airlines.'' Bristol: Stuart Rossiter Trust Fund. {{ISBN|0-9530004-6-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9530004-6-X|0-9530004-6-X]] * Stroud, John 1962.''Annals of British and Commonwealth Air Transport 1919–1960.'' London: Putnam. * Stroud, John. 2005. ''The Imperial Airways Fleet.'' Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7524-2997-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7524-2997-3|0-7524-2997-3]] * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}}. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010822124059/http://www.imperial-airways.com/ www.imperial-airways.com yanar gizo mai himma a archive.org] * [http://www.britishairways.com/travel/explore-our-past/public/en_gb British Airways "Binciko abubuwan da suka gabata"] * [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/iaw.htm Tsarin Lokaci na Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.nzstamps.org.uk/air/external/eastern/easternroute.html Tarihi Hanyar Jirgin Sama Na Gabas] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132232/http://imperial-airways.co.uk/ Yanar gizo don bayanan tarihi akan kamfanin jirgin sama] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140317160801/http://www.imperial-airways.gb.com/ Yanar gizo don Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.crete2cape.com Yanar Gizo don Haɗaɗɗen Jirgin Sama na Crete2Cape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724160758/https://crete2cape.com/ |date=2021-07-24 }} * Documents and clippings about Imperial Airways == Manazarta == [[Category:Tsaffin filayen jirage]] [[Category:Filin jirgin sama]] [[Category:Filin jiragen da aka kafa]] [[Category:Filin Jirgin Imperial]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6umhqvkylhpd3n1nqp1m1kbyqygzsvn 547656 547655 2024-11-28T18:38:37Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Hellenic Imperial Airways Boeing 747-200 Spijkers.jpg|thumb]] '''Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways''' shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya, wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da [[Hong Kong]]. Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai. Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba, kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939. BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da [[British Airways]]. [[File:Vickers Vulcan Type 74 G-EBLB Imperial Airways Dübendorf - LBS SR02-10199.tif|thumb]] == Asali == Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. <ref name="Pirie">Pirie, 2009</ref> == Samarwa == [[File:Tanken_van_een_vliegtuig_Airplane_provided_with_fuel.jpg|thumb| Shafin Handley W.8b wanda aka gada daga Shafin Shafin Handley lokacin da aka kirkiro Imperial Airways]] An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . <ref name="Ord-Hume1">Ord-Hume, 2010, pp.7–9</ref> Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. <ref name="Ord-Hume2">Ord-Hume, 2010, p.10</ref> An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. <ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1924/1924%20-%200005.html Terms of Agreement Published] ''Flight'', 1924.</ref> An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin. Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin [[Landan|London]]. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f ''City na Washington'', wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilun shekarar 1925, fim din ''Thearshen Duniya'' ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Hada Hadan Empire == [[File:Imperial_routes_April_1935.jpg|thumb| Afrilu 1935 taswira da ke nuna Imperial Airways '<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Hanyoyin jirgin sama tsakanin Ingila, Indiya, Australia da Afirka ta Kudu]] === Tabbatar da Hanya === Tsakanin 16 Nuwamba 1925 da 13 Maris 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane ''G-EBFO'' . Hanyar waje ita ce [[Landan|London]] - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Marseille]] - Pisa - Taranto - [[Athens]] - Sollum - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] - [[Luxor]] - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - [[Khartoum]] - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - [[Kisumu]] - Tabora - Abercorn - [[Ndola]] - Broken Hill - Livingstone - [[Bulawayo]] - [[Pretoria]] - [[Johannesburg]] - Kimberley - Blomfontein - [[Cape Town]] . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 30 ga Yuni 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a ''G-EBFO'' don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga Agusta 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala {{Convert|28000|nmi|mi km}} a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules ''G-EBMX City na Delhi sun'' bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref>. === Hanyar Gabas === [[File:Imperial_Airways_Ad_1936.jpg|right|thumb| Wani talla na 1936]] Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Basra]] ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref> Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, [[Karachi|sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya]] fara a ranar 30 ga Maris 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Genoa]] da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 Disamba 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa. A watan Afrilu 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga [[Asturaliya|Landan- Australia;]] an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa [[Sydney]] . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL ''Astraea'' . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. ''Astraea ta'' tashi zuwa Croydon - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Lyon]] - [[Rum|Rome]] - Brindisi - [[Athens]] - [[Alexandria]] - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa [[Karachi]] sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] - Akyab - [[Yangon|Rangoon]] - [[Bangkok]] - Prachuab - Alor Setar - [[Singafora|Singapore]] - Palembang - [[Jakarta|Batavia]] - [[Surabaya|Sourabaya]] - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa [[Kolkata|sabis na Calcutta ya]] tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa [[Yangon|Rangoon]] a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1933, London da [[Singafora|Singapore]] na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1933, da kuma London da [[Brisbane]] na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa [[Hong Kong]] sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} === Hanyar Afirka === [[File:De_Havilland_Hercules.jpg|right|thumb| de Havilland Hercules ''City na Alkahira'']] A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa [[Cape Town]] . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY ''City of Karachi ya'' isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. <ref name="Atalanta">Stroud, June 1986, pp.321–326</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936. === Jirage masu tashi daga ruwa Short === [[File:StateLibQld_1_154471_Flying_boat,_Challenger_on_her_moorings_in_the_Townsville_Harbour,_Queensland.jpg|thumb| Short Empire yawo jirgin ''Kalubale'' .]] A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga [[Southampton]] zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta [[Marseille]],[[Rum|Rome]], Brindisi,[[Athens]], [[Alexandria]], [[Khartoum]], Port Bell, [[Kisumu]] kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa [[Nairobi]],Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe [[Cape Town]] . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] zuwa [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban. === Fasinjoji === Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. <ref>Pirie, G.H. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1 (2009) 49–66.</ref> === Ƙungiyoyi === Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> === Wasikar Jirgin Sama === [[File:FAM_18_Round_the_World_1939.jpg|right|thumb| Murfin jirgi wanda aka ɗauka a duniya akan jirgin PAA Boeing 314 Clippers da Imperial Airways Short S23 jiragen jirgi masu tashi 24 Yuni - 28 July 1939]] A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki. Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1  d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, ''Speed Wings Over the World yana'' ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a [[Southampton]] da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa [[Hong Kong|Hongkong]], daga gabashin gabas zuwa [[New York (birni)|New York]] zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa [[San Francisco]] (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma [[United Airlines|Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya]] ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat ''Castor'' ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937. A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen. == Yakin Duniya na Biyu == Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. <ref>Moss (1962)</ref> == Hadari da abubuwan da suka faru == === Mummunar Haɗari === ==== Cikin shekarata 1920 ==== * 24 ga Disamba 1924: de Havilland DH.34 G-EBBX ''City of Delhi ta yi'' hadari kuma gobara ta tashi jim kadan da tashinsa daga Filin jirgin saman Croydon, inda matukin jirgin da dukkan fasinjojin bakwai suka mutu. <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> * 13 ga Yuli 1928: Vickers Vulcan G-EBLB sun yi hadari a Purley yayin jirgin gwajin, inda mutane hudu daga cikin shida da ke cikin jirgin suka mutu. <ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> Sakamakon hatsarin, Imperial Airways ya dakatar da tashiwar ma'aikata (wanda ake kira hawan farin ciki) yayin jigilar gwaji. * 17 Yuni 1929: Handley Page W.10 G-EBMT ''City na Ottawa'' ditched a cikin harshen Turanci Channel wadannan ingine gazawar alhãli kuwa a kan wani jirgin daga Croydon zuwa Paris tare da asarar bakwai rayuwarsu. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 6 ga watan Satumba 1929: de Havilland Hercules G-EBMZ ''Birnin Kudus'' ya yi hadari ya kone a kan saukarsu a Jask, [[Iran]] a cikin duhu saboda matukin jirgin ya yi rashin fahimta da tsayar da jirgin, ya kashe uku daga biyar a cikin jirgin. * 26 Oktoba 1929: Short Calcutta G-AADN ''City na Rome da'' ƙarfi ya sauka daga La Spezia, [[Italiya]] a cikin yanayi mara kyau; kwale-kwalen da ke tashi sama ya nutse cikin dare yayin kokarin jawo shi zuwa gabar teku, ya kashe bakwai din da ke cikinsa. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> ==== A tsakanin shekarun 1930 ==== * 30 ga Oktoba 1930: Shafin Handley W.8g G-EBIX ''Birnin Washington ya'' buge da doguwar ƙasa a cikin hazo a Boulogne, [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], inda ya kashe uku daga shida a cikin jirgin. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 28 Maris 1933: Armstrong Whitworth Argosy G-AACI ''City na Liverpool'' ya yi hadari a Diksmuide,[[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan wata gobara a cikin jirgin. Wannan ana zargin shine farkon lamarin ɓarna a cikin iska. Duk mutanen goma sha biyar da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu.<ref name="Argosy">Stroud, May 1985, pp.265–269</ref> * 30 ga Disamba 1933: Avro Ten G-ABLU ''Apollo ya'' yi karo da mashin rediyo a Ruysselede, Belgium kuma ya fadi . Duk mutanen goma da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. <ref name="Avro">Stroud,Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> * 31 Disamba 1935: Short Calcutta G-AASJ ''City na Khartoum'' ya fado daga [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Misira]] lokacin da dukkanin injina huɗu suka kasa zuwa, mai yiwuwa saboda yunwar mai; goma sha biyu daga 13 da ke cikin jirgin sun nitse a lokacin da jirgin da ke shawagi ya nutse. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> * 22 ga Agusta 1936: Short Kent G-ABFA ''Scipio ya'' nitse a Mirabello Bay, Crete bayan saukar jirgi mai nauyi, ya kashe biyu daga 11 da ke cikin jirgin. <ref name="Calcutta" /> * 24 Maris 1937: Short Empire G-ADVA ''Capricornus'' ya yi hadari a tsaunukan Beaujolois kusa da Ouroux, Faransa sakamakon kuskuren kewayawa, ya kashe biyar. * 1 ga Oktoba 1937: Short Empire G-ADVC ''Courtier'' ya yi hadari a kan sauka a Phaleron Bay, [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] saboda rashin gani sosai, ya kashe biyu daga 15 a cikin jirgin. * 5 ga Disamba 1937: Short Empire G-ADUZ ''Cygnus'' ya yi hadari a kan tashinsa daga Brindisi, Italiya saboda ba daidai ba saitin filin, ya kashe biyu. * 27 ga Yuli 1938: Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTG ''Amalthea'' ya tashi zuwa wani tsauni kusa da [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]] jim kaɗan bayan tashinsa, inda ya kashe duka mutanen da ke cikin jirgin. * 27 ga Nuwamba 1938: Short Empire G-AETW ''Calpurnia ta yi'' hadari a Tafkin Habbaniyah, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] a cikin mummunan yanayi bayan matukin jirgin ya sauko don ci gaba da ganin ido da kasa bayan rikicewar sararin samaniya, ya kashe dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin hudu. * 21 Janairu 1939: Short Empire G-ADUU ''Cavalier'' ditched a cikin Atlantic 285&nbsp;tashi daga [[New York (jiha)|New York]] saboda icing na carburettor da asarar ƙarfin injiniya;uku sun nitse yayin da masu tsira goma suka dauke ta tankin ''Esso Baytown'' . Bayan haka kuma Imperial Airways da Pan-American trans-ocicic boats masu jirgi suna da saman saman fuka-fukan da aka zana manyan alamun ganuwa mai ruwan lemu. * 1 ga Mayu 1939: Short Empire G-ADVD ''Challenger'' ya yi hadari a cikin lagon Lumbo yayin da yake kokarin sauka a Filin jirgin saman Lumbo, ya kashe biyu daga shida a cikin jirgin. ==== 1940 ==== * 1 ga watan Maris 1940: Jirgin 197, wanda ke aiki da Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'', ya bace a kan Tekun Oman dauke da mutane takwas; ba a sami tarkacen jirgin ruwa, kaya ko mazaunan ciki ba. Dalilin faduwar jirgin har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma yunwa na man fetur, yajin tsuntsaye da ke lalata farfadiya kuma ya haifar da injin ko reshe ya rabu, fashewar jirgin sama ko rashin aikin injiniya da yawa an tsara. Watanni biyu bayan hadarin, an cire HP42 daga ayyukan fasinjoji. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk jiragen kasuwanci da ake amfani da su a dogon jirage a kan ruwa su kasance da kayan aiki na sirri da na rayuwa; wannan daga baya zai zama ingantacce a duk masana'antar kamfanin jirgin sama. === Hadarin da bai muni ba === * 21 ga Oktoba 1926: Shafin Handley W.10 G-EBMS ''Garin Melbourne wanda aka'' liƙa a Tashar Ingilishi {{Convert|18|nmi|km}} daga gabar tekun ingila bayan injin ya fadi. Dukkanin mutane 12 da ke cikin jirgin FV ''Invicta'' ne ya ceto su. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 19 ga Afrilu 1931: de Havilland DH.66 Hercules tare da rajista G-EBMW, sun lalace ba za a iya gyara su ba a saukowar tilas bayan yunwar mai a [[Surabaya]].Jirgin ya yi aiki ne a jirgin jirgi na gwaji daga Indiya zuwa [[Melbourne]] tare da tsayawa a hanyar Semarang, [[Surabaya|Soerabaja]] da Kupang . * 8 ga watan Agusta 1931: Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'' yana gudanar da jigilar fasinjan fasinjoji daga Croydon zuwa Paris lokacin da injin ya faskara kuma tarkace suka tilasta wa injin na biyu rufe.Saukewar tilastawa zuwa Five Oak Green,Kent ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu raunin da ya faru. Hannibal ya warwatse kuma ya yi jigilar kaya zuwa Croydon don a sake gina shi. * 9 ga Nuwamba 1935: Short Kent G-ABFB ''Sylvanus ya'' kama da wuta kuma ya kone yayin shan mai a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Brindisi; ma'aikatan man sun sami damar tsallakewa daga jirgin da ke kone suka tsira. [nb 1] * 29 Satumba 1936:Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTK ya ƙone a cikin wutar hangar a Delhi, Indiya. * 31 ga Mayu 1937:Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 (tsohon HP42) G-AAXE ''Hengist'' ya lalace a cikin wutar hangar a [[Karachi]], Indiya. <ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> * 3 Disamba 1938: de Havilland Express G-ADCN ya ƙone a Bangkok. * 12 ga watan Maris 1939: Short S.23 Empire Flying Boat Mk 1 ''G-ADUY'',ya lalace fiye da gyara a Tandjong, Batavia,Netherlands East Indies.Buga wani abu mai nutsuwa yayin hawa motar haya bayan sauka. Jirgin jirgin sama ya lalace amma ya lalace baya gyarawa ta nutsewa da mishandling yayin rashi.Jirgin sama ya warwatse ya shigo dashi England amma bai dawo aiki ba. * 7 ga Nuwamba 1939: Shafin Handley Shafin HP42 G-AXXD ''Horatius'' an rubuta shi biyo bayan saukar sa da aka yi da karfi a filin wasan golf a Tiverton, Devon. * 19 Maris 1940: Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 G-AAXC ''Heracles'' da HP42 G-AAUD ''Hanno'' an rubuta su bayan an busa su cikin guguwar iska yayin da suka tsaya a Filin jirgin saman Whitchurch. == Jirgin sama == Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC . {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" ! width="21%" |Aircraft ! width="10%" |Type !Number !Period !Names ! width="24%" |Notes |- |Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | rowspan="2" |landplane<br /><br />''City class'' |3 |{{nowrap|1926–34}} |''Birmingham'' (crashed 1931), ''City of Wellington'' (later ''City of Arundel'') (1934), ''Glasgow'' (retired 1934) | |- |{{nowrap|[[Armstrong Whitworth Argosy|Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II]]}} |4 |1929–35 |''City of Edinburgh'' (wrecked 1926), ''City of Liverpool'' (wrecked 1933), ''City of Manchester'' (sold 1935) and ''City of Coventry'' (scrapped 1935) |<ref name="Argosy" /> |- |Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta |landplane<br /><br />''Atalanta class'' |8 |1932–41 |''Atalanta'' (sold), ''Andromeda'' (withdrawn 1939), ''Arethusa'' (renamed ''Atalanta''), ''Artemis'', ''Astraea'', ''Athena'' (burnt 1936), ''Aurora'' (sold) and ''Amalthea'' (wrecked 1938). |For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & [[Karachi]]-[[Singafora|Singapore]] leg on Australia route. |- |Armstrong Whitworth Ensign |landplane<br /><br />''Ensign class'' |12 |1938–46 |Empire type (27 passengers) ''Ensign'', ''Egeria'', ''Elsinore'', ''Euterpe'', ''Explorer'', ''Euryalus'', ''Echo'', ''Endymion'' and Western Type (40 passengers) ''Eddystone'', ''Ettrick'', ''Empyrean'' and ''Elysian'' |''Everest'' & ''Enterprise'' delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.<ref name="Ensign">Stroud, June 1988, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Avro 618 Ten | rowspan="2" |landplane |2 |1930–38 |''Achilles'' (crashed 1938) ''Apollo'' (collided with radio mast 1933) |licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m<ref name="Avro">Stroud, Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> |- |Avro 652 |2 |1936–38 |''Avalon'' and ''Avatar'' (later ''Ava'') to RAF in 1938. |Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer<ref name="Avro" /> |- |Boulton &amp;amp; Paul P.71A |landplane<br /><br />''Bodiciea class'' |2 |1934–36 |''Bodiciea'' (lost 1935) and ''Britomart'' (lost 1936) |Experimental mailplanes<ref name="BP">Stroud, Aug 1986, pp.433–436</ref> |- |Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | rowspan="6" |landplane |2 |1924–26 |''G-EAWY'', ''G-EBEV'' (retired 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |- |de Havilland DH.34 |7 |1924–26 |ex-Instone Air Line ''G-EBBR'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBT'' (scrapped 1930), ''G-EBBV'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBBW'' (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway ''G-EBBX'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBY'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBCX'' (wrecked 1924) |<ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> |- |de Havilland DH.50 |3 |1924–33 |''G-EBFO'' (damaged 1924 and sold), ''G-EBFP'' (scrapped 1933), ''G-EBKZ'' (crashed 1928) |G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia |- |de Havilland DH.54 Highclere |1 |1924–27 |''G-EBKI'' |freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse |- |de Havilland Giant Moth |1 |1930-30 |''G-AAEV'' (wrecked 1930) |crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. |- |de Havilland Hercules |9 |1926–35 |''City of Cairo'' (wrecked 1931), ''City of Delhi'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Baghdad'' (withdrawn 1933), ''City of Jerusalem'', ''City of Tehran'', ''City of Basra'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Karachi'' (withdrawn 1935), ''City of Jodhpur'' (sold) and ''City of Cape Town'' (sold) | |- |de Havilland DH.86 |landplane<br /><br />''Diana'' class |12 |1934–41 |''Daedalus'' (burned 1938), ''Danae'', ''Dardanus'', ''Delia'' (wrecked 1941), ''Delphinus'', ''Demeter'', ''Denebola'', ''Dido'', ''Dione'', ''Dorado'', ''Draco'' (wrecked 1935), and ''Dryad'' (sold 1938) |All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |- |de Havilland Albatross |landplane<br /><br />''Frobisher'' class |7 |1938–43 |''Faraday'' (impressed 1940), ''Franklin'' (impressed 1940), ''Frobisher'' (destroyed 1940), ''Falcon'' (scrapped 1943), ''Fortuna'' (crashed 1943), ''Fingal'' (crashed 1940) and ''Fiona'' (scrapped 1943). |1 used as long range mail carrier<ref name="Jackson1973">Jackson, 1973, 433–437</ref> |- |Desoutter IB | rowspan="6" |landplane |1 |1933–35 |''G-ABMW'' |Air-taxi No 6 |- |Handley Page O/10 |1 |1924-24 |''G-EATH'' |ex-Handley Page Transport but never used |- |Handley Page W8b |3 |1924–32 |''Princess Mary'' (wrecked 1928), ''Prince George'' (retired 1929) and ''Prince Henry'' (retired 1932)<ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> |ex-Handley Page Transport<ref name="HPW" /> |- |Handley Page W8f Hamilton |1 |1924–30 |''City of Washington'' (wrecked 1930)<ref name="HPW" /> |Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 |- |Handley Page W9a Hampstead |1 |1926–29 |''City of New York'' (sold 1929)<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page W10 |4 |1926–33 |''City of Melbourne'' (sold 1933), ''City of Pretoria'' (sold 1933), ''City of London'' (crashed 1926) and ''City of Ottawa'' (crashed 1929).<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page H.P.42E |landplane<br /><br />''Hannibal class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Hannibal'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horsa'' (impressed 1940), ''Hanno'' (wrecked 1940), ''Hadrian'' (impressed 1940) |(24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes<ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 |landplane<br /><br />''Heracles class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Heracles'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horatius'' (wrecked 1939), ''Hengist'' (wrecked 1937) and ''Helena'' (impressed 1940) |(38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, ''Hengist'' and ''Helena'' converted to H.P.42E.<ref name="HP42" /> |- |Short S.8 Calcutta |flying boat |5 |1928–35 |''City of Alexandria'' (wrecked 1936), ''City of Athens'' (later ''City of Stonehaven'') (scrapped), ''City of Rome'' (wrecked 1929), ''City of Khartoum'' (wrecked 1935) and ''City of Salonica'' (later ''City of Swanage'') (scrapped)<ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> | |- |Short S.17 Kent |flying boat<br /><br />''Scipio class'' |3 |1931–38 |''Scipio'' (wrecked 1936), ''Sylvanus'' (burned 1935) and ''Satyrus'' (scrapped 1938)<ref name="Calcutta" /> | |- |Short L.17 Scylla |landplane |2 |1934–40 |''Scylla'' (wrecked 1940) and ''Syrinx'' (scrapped 1940) |Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.<ref name="Scylla">Stroud, Oct 1984, pp.549–553</ref> |- |Short Mayo Composite |flying boat |2 |1938–40 |''Mercury'' (scrapped 1941) and ''Maia'' (destroyed in German raid, 1942). |Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |- |Short S.23 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |31 |1936–47 |''Canopus'', ''Caledonia'', ''Centaurus'', ''Cavalier'', ''Cambria'', ''Castor'', ''Cassiopea'', ''Capella'', ''Cygnus'', ''Capricornus'', ''Corsair'', ''Courtier'', ''Challenger'', ''Centurion'', ''Coriolanus'', ''Calpurnia'', ''Ceres'', ''Clio'', ''Circe'', ''Calypso'', ''Camilla'', ''Corinna'', ''Cordelia'', ''Cameronian'', ''Corinthian'', ''Coogee'', ''Corio'', and ''Coorong''. ''Carpentaria'', ''Coolangatta'', ''Cooee'' delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas |provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.<ref name="Empire1">Stroud, Dec 1989, pp.763–769</ref><ref name="Empire2">Stroud, Jan 1990, pp.51–61</ref> |- |Short S.26 |flying boat<br /><br />''G class'' |3 |1939–40 |''Golden Hind'', ''Golden Fleece'' and ''Golden Horn'' |Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |- |Short S.30 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |9 |1938–47 |''Champion'', ''Cabot'', ''Caribou'', ''Connemara'', ''Clyde'', ''Clare'', ''Cathay'', ''Ao-tea-roa'' (to TEAL as ''Aotearoa''), ''Captain Cook'' (to TEAL as ''Awarua''). |long range variant of S.23<ref name="Empire1" /><ref name="Empire2" /> |- |Supermarine Sea Eagle | rowspan="3" |flying boat |2 |1924–29 |''Sarnia/G-EBGR'' (retired 1929) and ''G-EBGS'' (wrecked 1927) |ex-British Marine Air Navigation |- |Supermarine Southampton |1 |1929–30 |''G-AASH'' |RAF ''S1235'' on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.<ref name="Jackson443">Jackson, 1974, p.443</ref> |- |Supermarine Swan |1 |1925–27 |''G-EBJY'' (scrapped 1927) |RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service |- |Vickers Vanguard | rowspan="5" |landplane |1 |1926–29 |''G-EBCP'' (wrecked 1929) |on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |- |Vickers Vellox |1 |1934–36 |''G-ABKY'' (wrecked 1936) |cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202214.html "Commercial Aviation"] ''Flight'' 13 August 1936 p181</ref> |- |Vickers Vimy Commercial |1 |1924–25 |''City of London'' (wrecked 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line<ref name="Vimy">Stroud, Feb 1984, pp.101–105</ref> |- |Vickers Vulcan |3 |1924–28 |''G-EBLB/City of Brussels'' (wrecked 1928), ''G-EBFC'' (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) |<ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> |- |Westland IV and Wessex |3 |1931–37 |''G-AAGW'', ''G-ABEG'' (wrecked 1936), ''G-ACHI'' |2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.<ref name="Wessex">Stroud, Dec 1985, pp.657–661</ref> |- |}   == Bibliyo == * Baldwin, N.C. 1950.''Imperial Airways (and Subsidiary Companies): A History and Priced Check List of the Empire Air Mails.'' Sutton Coldfield, England: Francis J. Field. * {{cite book|last=Bluffield|first=Robert|date=2009|title=Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, England|isbn=978-1-906537-07-4}} * Budd,Lucy [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb253.html "Global Networks Before Globalisation: Imperial Airways and the Development of Long-Haul Air Routes"] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Bulletin 253,5 December 2007. * Cluett, Douglas; Nash, Joanna; Learmonth Bob. 1980.Croydon Airport 1928–1939,The Great Days. London Borough of Sutton {{ISBN|0-9503224-8-2}} * Davies, R.E.G 2005. ''British Airways: An Airline and Its Aircraft, Volume 1: 1919–1939—The Imperial Years.'' McLean, VA: Paladwr Press. {{ISBN|1-888962-24-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-888962-24-0|1-888962-24-0]] * Doyle, Neville. 2002. The Triple Alliance: The Predecessors of the first British Airways. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|0-85130-286-6}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-85130-286-6|0-85130-286-6]] * Higham, Robin. 1960. ''Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939: The Story of Britain's Overseas Airlines.'' London: G.T. Foulis; Hamden, CT: Shoe String. * Jackson, A.J. 1959 and 1974. ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919'' 2 vols (1st ed.); 3 vols (2nd ed.) London: Putnam. * Moss, Peter W. 1962. Impressments Log (Vol I-IV). Air-Britain. * Moss, Peter W. October 1974. British Airways. ''Aeroplane Monthly''. * {{cite book|last=Ord-Hume|first=Arthur W. J. G.|title=Imperial Airways, From Early Days to BOAC|year=2010|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840335149|page=10|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|access-date=2021-07-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122207/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|url-status=dead}} * Pirie, G.H. 2004. Passenger traffic in the 1930s on British imperial air routes: refinement and revision. ''Journal of Transport History'', 25: 66–84. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. ''Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation 1919–39''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-4111-2}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4111-2|978-0-7190-4111-2]]. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1: 49–66. * Pirie, G.H. 2012.''Cultures and Caricatures of British Imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-8682-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-8682-3|978-0-7190-8682-3]]. * Pudney, J. 1959. ''The Seven Skies - A Study of BOAC and its forerunners since 1919''. London: Putnam. * Salt, Major A.E.W. 1930.''Imperial Air Routes.'' London: John Murray. * Sanford, Kendall C. 2003. ''Air Crash Mail of Imperial Airways and Predecessor Airlines.'' Bristol: Stuart Rossiter Trust Fund. {{ISBN|0-9530004-6-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9530004-6-X|0-9530004-6-X]] * Stroud, John 1962.''Annals of British and Commonwealth Air Transport 1919–1960.'' London: Putnam. * Stroud, John. 2005. ''The Imperial Airways Fleet.'' Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7524-2997-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7524-2997-3|0-7524-2997-3]] * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}}. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010822124059/http://www.imperial-airways.com/ www.imperial-airways.com yanar gizo mai himma a archive.org] * [http://www.britishairways.com/travel/explore-our-past/public/en_gb British Airways "Binciko abubuwan da suka gabata"] * [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/iaw.htm Tsarin Lokaci na Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.nzstamps.org.uk/air/external/eastern/easternroute.html Tarihi Hanyar Jirgin Sama Na Gabas] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132232/http://imperial-airways.co.uk/ Yanar gizo don bayanan tarihi akan kamfanin jirgin sama] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140317160801/http://www.imperial-airways.gb.com/ Yanar gizo don Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.crete2cape.com Yanar Gizo don Haɗaɗɗen Jirgin Sama na Crete2Cape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724160758/https://crete2cape.com/ |date=2021-07-24 }} * Documents and clippings about Imperial Airways == Manazarta == [[Category:Tsaffin filayen jirage]] [[Category:Filin jirgin sama]] [[Category:Filin jiragen da aka kafa]] [[Category:Filin Jirgin Imperial]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] t329kujrx7kb2vazs9uiy3k0p319b2i 547657 547656 2024-11-28T18:41:26Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Hellenic Imperial Airways Boeing 747-200 Spijkers.jpg|thumb]] '''Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways''' shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya, wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da [[Hong Kong]]. Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai. Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba, kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939. BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da [[British Airways]]. [[File:Vickers Vulcan Type 74 G-EBLB Imperial Airways Dübendorf - LBS SR02-10199.tif|thumb]] == Asali == Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. <ref name="Pirie">Pirie, 2009</ref> == Samarwa == [[File:Tanken_van_een_vliegtuig_Airplane_provided_with_fuel.jpg|thumb| Shafin Handley W.8b wanda aka gada daga Shafin Shafin Handley lokacin da aka kirkiro Imperial Airways]] An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . <ref name="Ord-Hume1">Ord-Hume, 2010, pp.7–9</ref> Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. <ref name="Ord-Hume2">Ord-Hume, 2010, p.10</ref> An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. <ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1924/1924%20-%200005.html Terms of Agreement Published] ''Flight'', 1924.</ref> An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin. Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin [[Landan|London]]. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f ''City na Washington'', wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilun shekarar 1925, fim din ''Thearshen Duniya'' ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} == Hada Hadan Empire == [[File:Imperial_routes_April_1935.jpg|thumb| Afrilu 1935 taswira da ke nuna Imperial Airways '<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Hanyoyin jirgin sama tsakanin Ingila, Indiya, Australia da Afirka ta Kudu]] ==Tabbatar da Hanya == Tsakanin 16 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1925 da 13 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane ''G-EBFO'' . Hanyar waje ita ce [[Landan|London]] - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Marseille]] - Pisa - Taranto - [[Athens]] - Sollum - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] - [[Luxor]] - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - [[Khartoum]] - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - [[Kisumu]] - Tabora - Abercorn - [[Ndola]] - Broken Hill - Livingstone - [[Bulawayo]] - [[Pretoria]] - [[Johannesburg]] - Kimberley - Blomfontein - [[Cape Town]] . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a ''G-EBFO'' don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala {{Convert|28000|nmi|mi km}} a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2016}} A ranar 27 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules ''G-EBMX City na Delhi sun'' bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref>. ==Hanyar Gabas == [[File:Imperial_Airways_Ad_1936.jpg|right|thumb| Wani talla na 1936]] Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Basra]] ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. <ref name="DH66">Stroud, Nov 1986, pp. 609–14</ref> Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, [[Karachi|sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya]] fara a ranar 30 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa [[Genoa]] da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa. A watan Afrilun shekarar 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga [[Asturaliya|Landan- Australia;]] an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa [[Sydney]] . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL ''Astraea'' . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. ''Astraea ta'' tashi zuwa Croydon - [[Faris|Paris]] - [[Lyon]] - [[Rum|Rome]] - Brindisi - [[Athens]] - [[Alexandria]] - [[Kairo|Alkahira]] inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa [[Karachi]] sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] - Akyab - [[Yangon|Rangoon]] - [[Bangkok]] - Prachuab - Alor Setar - [[Singafora|Singapore]] - Palembang - [[Jakarta|Batavia]] - [[Surabaya|Sourabaya]] - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa [[Kolkata|sabis na Calcutta ya]] tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa [[Yangon|Rangoon]] a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1933, London da [[Singafora|Singapore]] na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1933, da kuma London da [[Brisbane]] na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa [[Hong Kong]] sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} === Hanyar Afirka === [[File:De_Havilland_Hercules.jpg|right|thumb| de Havilland Hercules ''City na Alkahira'']] A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa [[Cape Town]] . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY ''City of Karachi ya'' isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. <ref name="Atalanta">Stroud, June 1986, pp.321–326</ref> A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]] a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936. === Jirage masu tashi daga ruwa Short === [[File:StateLibQld_1_154471_Flying_boat,_Challenger_on_her_moorings_in_the_Townsville_Harbour,_Queensland.jpg|thumb| Short Empire yawo jirgin ''Kalubale'' .]] A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga [[Southampton]] zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta [[Marseille]],[[Rum|Rome]], Brindisi,[[Athens]], [[Alexandria]], [[Khartoum]], Port Bell, [[Kisumu]] kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa [[Nairobi]],Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe [[Cape Town]] . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] zuwa [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]] . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban. === Fasinjoji === Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. <ref>Pirie, G.H. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1 (2009) 49–66.</ref> === Ƙungiyoyi === Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. <ref name="Cultures">Pirie, 2012</ref> === Wasikar Jirgin Sama === [[File:FAM_18_Round_the_World_1939.jpg|right|thumb| Murfin jirgi wanda aka ɗauka a duniya akan jirgin PAA Boeing 314 Clippers da Imperial Airways Short S23 jiragen jirgi masu tashi 24 Yuni - 28 July 1939]] A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki. Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1  d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, ''Speed Wings Over the World yana'' ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a [[Southampton]] da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa [[Hong Kong|Hongkong]], daga gabashin gabas zuwa [[New York (birni)|New York]] zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa [[San Francisco]] (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma [[United Airlines|Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya]] ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat ''Castor'' ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937. A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen. == Yakin Duniya na Biyu == Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. <ref>Moss (1962)</ref> == Hadari da abubuwan da suka faru == === Mummunar Haɗari === ==== Cikin shekarata 1920 ==== * 24 ga Disamba 1924: de Havilland DH.34 G-EBBX ''City of Delhi ta yi'' hadari kuma gobara ta tashi jim kadan da tashinsa daga Filin jirgin saman Croydon, inda matukin jirgin da dukkan fasinjojin bakwai suka mutu. <ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> * 13 ga Yuli 1928: Vickers Vulcan G-EBLB sun yi hadari a Purley yayin jirgin gwajin, inda mutane hudu daga cikin shida da ke cikin jirgin suka mutu. <ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> Sakamakon hatsarin, Imperial Airways ya dakatar da tashiwar ma'aikata (wanda ake kira hawan farin ciki) yayin jigilar gwaji. * 17 Yuni 1929: Handley Page W.10 G-EBMT ''City na Ottawa'' ditched a cikin harshen Turanci Channel wadannan ingine gazawar alhãli kuwa a kan wani jirgin daga Croydon zuwa Paris tare da asarar bakwai rayuwarsu. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 6 ga watan Satumba 1929: de Havilland Hercules G-EBMZ ''Birnin Kudus'' ya yi hadari ya kone a kan saukarsu a Jask, [[Iran]] a cikin duhu saboda matukin jirgin ya yi rashin fahimta da tsayar da jirgin, ya kashe uku daga biyar a cikin jirgin. * 26 Oktoba 1929: Short Calcutta G-AADN ''City na Rome da'' ƙarfi ya sauka daga La Spezia, [[Italiya]] a cikin yanayi mara kyau; kwale-kwalen da ke tashi sama ya nutse cikin dare yayin kokarin jawo shi zuwa gabar teku, ya kashe bakwai din da ke cikinsa. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> ==== A tsakanin shekarun 1930 ==== * 30 ga Oktoba 1930: Shafin Handley W.8g G-EBIX ''Birnin Washington ya'' buge da doguwar ƙasa a cikin hazo a Boulogne, [[Faris|Paris]], [[Faransa]], inda ya kashe uku daga shida a cikin jirgin. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 28 Maris 1933: Armstrong Whitworth Argosy G-AACI ''City na Liverpool'' ya yi hadari a Diksmuide,[[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan wata gobara a cikin jirgin. Wannan ana zargin shine farkon lamarin ɓarna a cikin iska. Duk mutanen goma sha biyar da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu.<ref name="Argosy">Stroud, May 1985, pp.265–269</ref> * 30 ga Disamba 1933: Avro Ten G-ABLU ''Apollo ya'' yi karo da mashin rediyo a Ruysselede, Belgium kuma ya fadi . Duk mutanen goma da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. <ref name="Avro">Stroud,Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> * 31 Disamba 1935: Short Calcutta G-AASJ ''City na Khartoum'' ya fado daga [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Misira]] lokacin da dukkanin injina huɗu suka kasa zuwa, mai yiwuwa saboda yunwar mai; goma sha biyu daga 13 da ke cikin jirgin sun nitse a lokacin da jirgin da ke shawagi ya nutse. <ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> * 22 ga Agusta 1936: Short Kent G-ABFA ''Scipio ya'' nitse a Mirabello Bay, Crete bayan saukar jirgi mai nauyi, ya kashe biyu daga 11 da ke cikin jirgin. <ref name="Calcutta" /> * 24 Maris 1937: Short Empire G-ADVA ''Capricornus'' ya yi hadari a tsaunukan Beaujolois kusa da Ouroux, Faransa sakamakon kuskuren kewayawa, ya kashe biyar. * 1 ga Oktoba 1937: Short Empire G-ADVC ''Courtier'' ya yi hadari a kan sauka a Phaleron Bay, [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] saboda rashin gani sosai, ya kashe biyu daga 15 a cikin jirgin. * 5 ga Disamba 1937: Short Empire G-ADUZ ''Cygnus'' ya yi hadari a kan tashinsa daga Brindisi, Italiya saboda ba daidai ba saitin filin, ya kashe biyu. * 27 ga Yuli 1938: Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTG ''Amalthea'' ya tashi zuwa wani tsauni kusa da [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]] jim kaɗan bayan tashinsa, inda ya kashe duka mutanen da ke cikin jirgin. * 27 ga Nuwamba 1938: Short Empire G-AETW ''Calpurnia ta yi'' hadari a Tafkin Habbaniyah, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] a cikin mummunan yanayi bayan matukin jirgin ya sauko don ci gaba da ganin ido da kasa bayan rikicewar sararin samaniya, ya kashe dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin hudu. * 21 Janairu 1939: Short Empire G-ADUU ''Cavalier'' ditched a cikin Atlantic 285&nbsp;tashi daga [[New York (jiha)|New York]] saboda icing na carburettor da asarar ƙarfin injiniya;uku sun nitse yayin da masu tsira goma suka dauke ta tankin ''Esso Baytown'' . Bayan haka kuma Imperial Airways da Pan-American trans-ocicic boats masu jirgi suna da saman saman fuka-fukan da aka zana manyan alamun ganuwa mai ruwan lemu. * 1 ga Mayu 1939: Short Empire G-ADVD ''Challenger'' ya yi hadari a cikin lagon Lumbo yayin da yake kokarin sauka a Filin jirgin saman Lumbo, ya kashe biyu daga shida a cikin jirgin. ==== 1940 ==== * 1 ga watan Maris 1940: Jirgin 197, wanda ke aiki da Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'', ya bace a kan Tekun Oman dauke da mutane takwas; ba a sami tarkacen jirgin ruwa, kaya ko mazaunan ciki ba. Dalilin faduwar jirgin har yanzu ba a san shi ba, amma yunwa na man fetur, yajin tsuntsaye da ke lalata farfadiya kuma ya haifar da injin ko reshe ya rabu, fashewar jirgin sama ko rashin aikin injiniya da yawa an tsara. Watanni biyu bayan hadarin, an cire HP42 daga ayyukan fasinjoji. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk jiragen kasuwanci da ake amfani da su a dogon jirage a kan ruwa su kasance da kayan aiki na sirri da na rayuwa; wannan daga baya zai zama ingantacce a duk masana'antar kamfanin jirgin sama. === Hadarin da bai muni ba === * 21 ga Oktoba 1926: Shafin Handley W.10 G-EBMS ''Garin Melbourne wanda aka'' liƙa a Tashar Ingilishi {{Convert|18|nmi|km}} daga gabar tekun ingila bayan injin ya fadi. Dukkanin mutane 12 da ke cikin jirgin FV ''Invicta'' ne ya ceto su. <ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> * 19 ga Afrilu 1931: de Havilland DH.66 Hercules tare da rajista G-EBMW, sun lalace ba za a iya gyara su ba a saukowar tilas bayan yunwar mai a [[Surabaya]].Jirgin ya yi aiki ne a jirgin jirgi na gwaji daga Indiya zuwa [[Melbourne]] tare da tsayawa a hanyar Semarang, [[Surabaya|Soerabaja]] da Kupang . * 8 ga watan Agusta 1931: Handley Page HP42 G-AAGX ''Hannibal'' yana gudanar da jigilar fasinjan fasinjoji daga Croydon zuwa Paris lokacin da injin ya faskara kuma tarkace suka tilasta wa injin na biyu rufe.Saukewar tilastawa zuwa Five Oak Green,Kent ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu raunin da ya faru. Hannibal ya warwatse kuma ya yi jigilar kaya zuwa Croydon don a sake gina shi. * 9 ga Nuwamba 1935: Short Kent G-ABFB ''Sylvanus ya'' kama da wuta kuma ya kone yayin shan mai a tashar jirgin ruwa ta Brindisi; ma'aikatan man sun sami damar tsallakewa daga jirgin da ke kone suka tsira. [nb 1] * 29 Satumba 1936:Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTK ya ƙone a cikin wutar hangar a Delhi, Indiya. * 31 ga Mayu 1937:Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 (tsohon HP42) G-AAXE ''Hengist'' ya lalace a cikin wutar hangar a [[Karachi]], Indiya. <ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> * 3 Disamba 1938: de Havilland Express G-ADCN ya ƙone a Bangkok. * 12 ga watan Maris 1939: Short S.23 Empire Flying Boat Mk 1 ''G-ADUY'',ya lalace fiye da gyara a Tandjong, Batavia,Netherlands East Indies.Buga wani abu mai nutsuwa yayin hawa motar haya bayan sauka. Jirgin jirgin sama ya lalace amma ya lalace baya gyarawa ta nutsewa da mishandling yayin rashi.Jirgin sama ya warwatse ya shigo dashi England amma bai dawo aiki ba. * 7 ga Nuwamba 1939: Shafin Handley Shafin HP42 G-AXXD ''Horatius'' an rubuta shi biyo bayan saukar sa da aka yi da karfi a filin wasan golf a Tiverton, Devon. * 19 Maris 1940: Shafin Handley Shafin HP45 G-AAXC ''Heracles'' da HP42 G-AAUD ''Hanno'' an rubuta su bayan an busa su cikin guguwar iska yayin da suka tsaya a Filin jirgin saman Whitchurch. == Jirgin sama == Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC . {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" ! width="21%" |Aircraft ! width="10%" |Type !Number !Period !Names ! width="24%" |Notes |- |Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | rowspan="2" |landplane<br /><br />''City class'' |3 |{{nowrap|1926–34}} |''Birmingham'' (crashed 1931), ''City of Wellington'' (later ''City of Arundel'') (1934), ''Glasgow'' (retired 1934) | |- |{{nowrap|[[Armstrong Whitworth Argosy|Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II]]}} |4 |1929–35 |''City of Edinburgh'' (wrecked 1926), ''City of Liverpool'' (wrecked 1933), ''City of Manchester'' (sold 1935) and ''City of Coventry'' (scrapped 1935) |<ref name="Argosy" /> |- |Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta |landplane<br /><br />''Atalanta class'' |8 |1932–41 |''Atalanta'' (sold), ''Andromeda'' (withdrawn 1939), ''Arethusa'' (renamed ''Atalanta''), ''Artemis'', ''Astraea'', ''Athena'' (burnt 1936), ''Aurora'' (sold) and ''Amalthea'' (wrecked 1938). |For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & [[Karachi]]-[[Singafora|Singapore]] leg on Australia route. |- |Armstrong Whitworth Ensign |landplane<br /><br />''Ensign class'' |12 |1938–46 |Empire type (27 passengers) ''Ensign'', ''Egeria'', ''Elsinore'', ''Euterpe'', ''Explorer'', ''Euryalus'', ''Echo'', ''Endymion'' and Western Type (40 passengers) ''Eddystone'', ''Ettrick'', ''Empyrean'' and ''Elysian'' |''Everest'' & ''Enterprise'' delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.<ref name="Ensign">Stroud, June 1988, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Avro 618 Ten | rowspan="2" |landplane |2 |1930–38 |''Achilles'' (crashed 1938) ''Apollo'' (collided with radio mast 1933) |licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m<ref name="Avro">Stroud, Feb 1991, pp.115–120</ref> |- |Avro 652 |2 |1936–38 |''Avalon'' and ''Avatar'' (later ''Ava'') to RAF in 1938. |Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer<ref name="Avro" /> |- |Boulton &amp;amp; Paul P.71A |landplane<br /><br />''Bodiciea class'' |2 |1934–36 |''Bodiciea'' (lost 1935) and ''Britomart'' (lost 1936) |Experimental mailplanes<ref name="BP">Stroud, Aug 1986, pp.433–436</ref> |- |Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | rowspan="6" |landplane |2 |1924–26 |''G-EAWY'', ''G-EBEV'' (retired 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |- |de Havilland DH.34 |7 |1924–26 |ex-Instone Air Line ''G-EBBR'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBT'' (scrapped 1930), ''G-EBBV'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBBW'' (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway ''G-EBBX'' (wrecked 1924), ''G-EBBY'' (scrapped 1926), ''G-EBCX'' (wrecked 1924) |<ref name="DH34">Stroud, June 1984, pp. 315–19</ref> |- |de Havilland DH.50 |3 |1924–33 |''G-EBFO'' (damaged 1924 and sold), ''G-EBFP'' (scrapped 1933), ''G-EBKZ'' (crashed 1928) |G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia |- |de Havilland DH.54 Highclere |1 |1924–27 |''G-EBKI'' |freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse |- |de Havilland Giant Moth |1 |1930-30 |''G-AAEV'' (wrecked 1930) |crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. |- |de Havilland Hercules |9 |1926–35 |''City of Cairo'' (wrecked 1931), ''City of Delhi'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Baghdad'' (withdrawn 1933), ''City of Jerusalem'', ''City of Tehran'', ''City of Basra'' (to SAAF 1934), ''City of Karachi'' (withdrawn 1935), ''City of Jodhpur'' (sold) and ''City of Cape Town'' (sold) | |- |de Havilland DH.86 |landplane<br /><br />''Diana'' class |12 |1934–41 |''Daedalus'' (burned 1938), ''Danae'', ''Dardanus'', ''Delia'' (wrecked 1941), ''Delphinus'', ''Demeter'', ''Denebola'', ''Dido'', ''Dione'', ''Dorado'', ''Draco'' (wrecked 1935), and ''Dryad'' (sold 1938) |All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |- |de Havilland Albatross |landplane<br /><br />''Frobisher'' class |7 |1938–43 |''Faraday'' (impressed 1940), ''Franklin'' (impressed 1940), ''Frobisher'' (destroyed 1940), ''Falcon'' (scrapped 1943), ''Fortuna'' (crashed 1943), ''Fingal'' (crashed 1940) and ''Fiona'' (scrapped 1943). |1 used as long range mail carrier<ref name="Jackson1973">Jackson, 1973, 433–437</ref> |- |Desoutter IB | rowspan="6" |landplane |1 |1933–35 |''G-ABMW'' |Air-taxi No 6 |- |Handley Page O/10 |1 |1924-24 |''G-EATH'' |ex-Handley Page Transport but never used |- |Handley Page W8b |3 |1924–32 |''Princess Mary'' (wrecked 1928), ''Prince George'' (retired 1929) and ''Prince Henry'' (retired 1932)<ref name="HPW">Stroud, Oct 1983, pp.535–539</ref> |ex-Handley Page Transport<ref name="HPW" /> |- |Handley Page W8f Hamilton |1 |1924–30 |''City of Washington'' (wrecked 1930)<ref name="HPW" /> |Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 |- |Handley Page W9a Hampstead |1 |1926–29 |''City of New York'' (sold 1929)<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page W10 |4 |1926–33 |''City of Melbourne'' (sold 1933), ''City of Pretoria'' (sold 1933), ''City of London'' (crashed 1926) and ''City of Ottawa'' (crashed 1929).<ref name="HPW" /> | |- |Handley Page H.P.42E |landplane<br /><br />''Hannibal class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Hannibal'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horsa'' (impressed 1940), ''Hanno'' (wrecked 1940), ''Hadrian'' (impressed 1940) |(24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes<ref name="HP42">Stroud, Aug 1985, pp.433–437</ref> |- |Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 |landplane<br /><br />''Heracles class'' |4 |1931–40 |''Heracles'' (wrecked 1940), ''Horatius'' (wrecked 1939), ''Hengist'' (wrecked 1937) and ''Helena'' (impressed 1940) |(38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, ''Hengist'' and ''Helena'' converted to H.P.42E.<ref name="HP42" /> |- |Short S.8 Calcutta |flying boat |5 |1928–35 |''City of Alexandria'' (wrecked 1936), ''City of Athens'' (later ''City of Stonehaven'') (scrapped), ''City of Rome'' (wrecked 1929), ''City of Khartoum'' (wrecked 1935) and ''City of Salonica'' (later ''City of Swanage'') (scrapped)<ref name="Calcutta">Stroud, Feb 1987, pp.97–103</ref> | |- |Short S.17 Kent |flying boat<br /><br />''Scipio class'' |3 |1931–38 |''Scipio'' (wrecked 1936), ''Sylvanus'' (burned 1935) and ''Satyrus'' (scrapped 1938)<ref name="Calcutta" /> | |- |Short L.17 Scylla |landplane |2 |1934–40 |''Scylla'' (wrecked 1940) and ''Syrinx'' (scrapped 1940) |Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.<ref name="Scylla">Stroud, Oct 1984, pp.549–553</ref> |- |Short Mayo Composite |flying boat |2 |1938–40 |''Mercury'' (scrapped 1941) and ''Maia'' (destroyed in German raid, 1942). |Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |- |Short S.23 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |31 |1936–47 |''Canopus'', ''Caledonia'', ''Centaurus'', ''Cavalier'', ''Cambria'', ''Castor'', ''Cassiopea'', ''Capella'', ''Cygnus'', ''Capricornus'', ''Corsair'', ''Courtier'', ''Challenger'', ''Centurion'', ''Coriolanus'', ''Calpurnia'', ''Ceres'', ''Clio'', ''Circe'', ''Calypso'', ''Camilla'', ''Corinna'', ''Cordelia'', ''Cameronian'', ''Corinthian'', ''Coogee'', ''Corio'', and ''Coorong''. ''Carpentaria'', ''Coolangatta'', ''Cooee'' delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas |provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.<ref name="Empire1">Stroud, Dec 1989, pp.763–769</ref><ref name="Empire2">Stroud, Jan 1990, pp.51–61</ref> |- |Short S.26 |flying boat<br /><br />''G class'' |3 |1939–40 |''Golden Hind'', ''Golden Fleece'' and ''Golden Horn'' |Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |- |Short S.30 Empire |flying boat<br /><br />''C class'' |9 |1938–47 |''Champion'', ''Cabot'', ''Caribou'', ''Connemara'', ''Clyde'', ''Clare'', ''Cathay'', ''Ao-tea-roa'' (to TEAL as ''Aotearoa''), ''Captain Cook'' (to TEAL as ''Awarua''). |long range variant of S.23<ref name="Empire1" /><ref name="Empire2" /> |- |Supermarine Sea Eagle | rowspan="3" |flying boat |2 |1924–29 |''Sarnia/G-EBGR'' (retired 1929) and ''G-EBGS'' (wrecked 1927) |ex-British Marine Air Navigation |- |Supermarine Southampton |1 |1929–30 |''G-AASH'' |RAF ''S1235'' on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.<ref name="Jackson443">Jackson, 1974, p.443</ref> |- |Supermarine Swan |1 |1925–27 |''G-EBJY'' (scrapped 1927) |RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service |- |Vickers Vanguard | rowspan="5" |landplane |1 |1926–29 |''G-EBCP'' (wrecked 1929) |on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |- |Vickers Vellox |1 |1934–36 |''G-ABKY'' (wrecked 1936) |cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202214.html "Commercial Aviation"] ''Flight'' 13 August 1936 p181</ref> |- |Vickers Vimy Commercial |1 |1924–25 |''City of London'' (wrecked 1925) |ex-Instone Air Line<ref name="Vimy">Stroud, Feb 1984, pp.101–105</ref> |- |Vickers Vulcan |3 |1924–28 |''G-EBLB/City of Brussels'' (wrecked 1928), ''G-EBFC'' (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) |<ref name="Vulcan">Stroud, Nov 1987, pp.609–612</ref> |- |Westland IV and Wessex |3 |1931–37 |''G-AAGW'', ''G-ABEG'' (wrecked 1936), ''G-ACHI'' |2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.<ref name="Wessex">Stroud, Dec 1985, pp.657–661</ref> |- |}   == Bibliyo == * Baldwin, N.C. 1950.''Imperial Airways (and Subsidiary Companies): A History and Priced Check List of the Empire Air Mails.'' Sutton Coldfield, England: Francis J. Field. * {{cite book|last=Bluffield|first=Robert|date=2009|title=Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey, England|isbn=978-1-906537-07-4}} * Budd,Lucy [http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb253.html "Global Networks Before Globalisation: Imperial Airways and the Development of Long-Haul Air Routes"] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Bulletin 253,5 December 2007. * Cluett, Douglas; Nash, Joanna; Learmonth Bob. 1980.Croydon Airport 1928–1939,The Great Days. London Borough of Sutton {{ISBN|0-9503224-8-2}} * Davies, R.E.G 2005. ''British Airways: An Airline and Its Aircraft, Volume 1: 1919–1939—The Imperial Years.'' McLean, VA: Paladwr Press. {{ISBN|1-888962-24-0}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-888962-24-0|1-888962-24-0]] * Doyle, Neville. 2002. The Triple Alliance: The Predecessors of the first British Airways. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|0-85130-286-6}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-85130-286-6|0-85130-286-6]] * Higham, Robin. 1960. ''Britain's Imperial Air Routes, 1918 to 1939: The Story of Britain's Overseas Airlines.'' London: G.T. Foulis; Hamden, CT: Shoe String. * Jackson, A.J. 1959 and 1974. ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919'' 2 vols (1st ed.); 3 vols (2nd ed.) London: Putnam. * Moss, Peter W. 1962. Impressments Log (Vol I-IV). Air-Britain. * Moss, Peter W. October 1974. British Airways. ''Aeroplane Monthly''. * {{cite book|last=Ord-Hume|first=Arthur W. J. G.|title=Imperial Airways, From Early Days to BOAC|year=2010|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840335149|page=10|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|access-date=2021-07-22|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122207/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=635|url-status=dead}} * Pirie, G.H. 2004. Passenger traffic in the 1930s on British imperial air routes: refinement and revision. ''Journal of Transport History'', 25: 66–84. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. ''Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation 1919–39''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-4111-2}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-4111-2|978-0-7190-4111-2]]. * Pirie, G.H. 2009. Incidental tourism: British imperial air travel in the 1930s. ''Journal of Tourism History'', 1: 49–66. * Pirie, G.H. 2012.''Cultures and Caricatures of British Imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity''. Manchester: Manchester University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7190-8682-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-8682-3|978-0-7190-8682-3]]. * Pudney, J. 1959. ''The Seven Skies - A Study of BOAC and its forerunners since 1919''. London: Putnam. * Salt, Major A.E.W. 1930.''Imperial Air Routes.'' London: John Murray. * Sanford, Kendall C. 2003. ''Air Crash Mail of Imperial Airways and Predecessor Airlines.'' Bristol: Stuart Rossiter Trust Fund. {{ISBN|0-9530004-6-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-9530004-6-X|0-9530004-6-X]] * Stroud, John 1962.''Annals of British and Commonwealth Air Transport 1919–1960.'' London: Putnam. * Stroud, John. 2005. ''The Imperial Airways Fleet.'' Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7524-2997-3}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-7524-2997-3|0-7524-2997-3]] * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}} * {{Cite magazine}}. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010822124059/http://www.imperial-airways.com/ www.imperial-airways.com yanar gizo mai himma a archive.org] * [http://www.britishairways.com/travel/explore-our-past/public/en_gb British Airways "Binciko abubuwan da suka gabata"] * [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/iaw.htm Tsarin Lokaci na Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.nzstamps.org.uk/air/external/eastern/easternroute.html Tarihi Hanyar Jirgin Sama Na Gabas] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132232/http://imperial-airways.co.uk/ Yanar gizo don bayanan tarihi akan kamfanin jirgin sama] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140317160801/http://www.imperial-airways.gb.com/ Yanar gizo don Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Sama na Imperial] * [http://www.crete2cape.com Yanar Gizo don Haɗaɗɗen Jirgin Sama na Crete2Cape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724160758/https://crete2cape.com/ |date=2021-07-24 }} * Documents and clippings about Imperial Airways == Manazarta == [[Category:Tsaffin filayen jirage]] [[Category:Filin jirgin sama]] [[Category:Filin jiragen da aka kafa]] [[Category:Filin Jirgin Imperial]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rtcwfs03qwor0nunz5h1nwky32yer1s 0 23109 547594 534279 2024-11-28T17:01:34Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:National_museum_of_Ethiopia_New_facility.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_museum_of_Ethiopia_New_facility.JPG|right|thumb|200x200px|Sabon wurin bincike a National Museum of Ethiopia; a gefen hagu kuma zauren baje kolin ne]] [[Fayil:National museum of Ethiopia New facility.JPG|thumb|Gidan Tarihi na ƙasa na Habasha]] '''Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na Habasha''' ('''NME'''), wanda kuma ake kira da '''Gidan Tarihi na Habasha''', gidan kayan gargajiya ne na ƙasar Habasha. Yana cikin babban birni, Addis Ababa, kusa da jami'ar Addis Ababa. == Bayani. == Gidan kayan tarihin yana dauke da kayan fasaha na Habasha. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu arziƙin cikin gida waɗanda suka samo asali kamar burbushin halittun farko na ''hominids'', sanannen sanannen shine "Lucy," ƙasusuwan kasusuwan samfurin ''Australopithecus afarensis''. Ba da daɗewa ba da aka saka a cikin ɗakin ginshiki an nuna shi a kan Selam, wanda aka samo tsakanin 2000, da 2004. An gano kimanin wannan tsohuwar burbushin halittar sama da shekaru miliyan 3.3 da suka gabata. A shekarar 1936, an fara gabatar da manufar gidan kayan gargajiya a Habasha lokacin da aka bude wani baje koli, wanda ke nuna kayan bikin da daular Solomon da kuma na kusa da su suka bayar. NME na yanzu ya girma ne daga kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Archaeology, wanda aka kafa a 1958. An kafa cibiyar ne don haɓakawa da sauƙaƙe aikin bincike na archaeological a arewacin Habasha ta masu binciken tarihin Faransa. [[File:Ancient_Figurine,_National_Museum,_Addis_Ababa,_Ethiopia_(2130296832).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ancient_Figurine,_National_Museum,_Addis_Ababa,_Ethiopia_(2130296832).jpg|right|thumb|Smutum-mutumi daga Addi-Galamo, Yankin Tigray (wanda aka yi a ranakun 6 zuwa 5 na KZ), wani ɓangare na tarin Gidan Tarihi na Kasa. An sassaka mutum-mutumin da kalma a cikin Larabawa ta Kudu, ''"For God Grants a Child to Yamanat"''.]] Gidan tarihin ya fara ayyukan sa ne ta hanyar baje kolin abubuwa daga wadannan aiyukan tono kasa. Tare da kafa Hukumar Kula da Al'adun gargajiya ta Habasha a shekarar 1976, sai aka fara tunanin bude gidan adana kayan tarihi na kasa, wanda Gwamnati ta goyi bayansa. NME ta fara aiki ne a karkashin Dokar Kasa wacce ta tanada don kariya da adana kayan tarihi, kuma tana da ikon yin doka da ke tafiyar da dukkan shafuka da kayayyakin tarihi a duk fadin kasar Habasha. [[File:National_Museum_of_Ethiopia_Office_facility.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_Museum_of_Ethiopia_Office_facility.JPG|left|thumb|200x200px|Ginin gidan adana kayan tarihi na Habasha, wanda aka gina shi da salon Italiya.]] Daga baya, Gidan Tarihi na Kasa ya fadada ayyukanta ya kuma tsara shi zuwa sassan aiki uku, watau sashen kiyayewa, sashen tattara bayanai da sashen baje koli da bincike. NME a halin yanzu yana da manyan bangarorin nune-nunen huɗu. An keɓe ginshiƙin don sassan archaeological da ɓangaren paleoanthropological. Wannan yankin yana nuna hominids da aka ambata a baya. Falon farko ya ƙunshi abubuwa tun zamanin da da na zamanin da, da kayan ado da abubuwan tunawa daga tsoffin masu mulki, waɗanda suka haɗa da Emperor Haile Selassie. Falo na biyu yana nuna aikin zane-zane cikin tsari, daga na gargajiya zuwa na zamani. Abubuwan Tarihin Afwerk Tekle na Afirka shine ɗayan sanannun abubuwa. Wani zanen yana nuna gamuwa da Suleman da Sheba.<ref name="Photographs of the museum">{{cite web|title=Photographs of the National Museum of Ethiopia|url=https://independent-travellers.com/ethiopia/addis_ababa/national_museum/|website=Independent Travellers|publisher=independent-travellers.com|accessdate=21 June 2017}}</ref> Falo na biyu ya ƙunshi tarin fasaha da kere kere na duniya, gami da makaman gargajiya, kayan adon mata, kayan kwalliya, kayan sawa da kayan kida.<ref name="Photographs of the museum" /> A ƙarshe, bene na uku yana da nuni na ƙabilar mutum. Anan, gidan kayan gargajiya yayi kokarin ba da bayyani game da wadatar al'adu da ire-iren mutanen Habasha. == Manazarta. == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Habasha]] oxlrqrpcx36ry40iua50uaeu451atkx 0 23124 548085 387505 2024-11-29T04:23:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sambasa Nzeribe''' listeni (an haife shi Chiedozie Nzeribe Siztus) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na fina-finai da talabijin na Najeriya, samfurin kuma mai nishadantarwa. == Tarihi == Ya fito ne daga [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] ta Najeriya. == Ayyuka == fito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya, ciki har da A Mile from Home (2013) Out of Luck (2015), Just Not Married (2015),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ekoiff-2016-just-not-married-ijeoma-grace-agu-muyiwa-ademola-among-winners/pjdy892|title="Just Not Married," Ijeoma Grace Agu, Muyiwa Ademola among winners|date=31 October 2016|website=pulse.ng|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/artistes-gather-just-not-married-premiere/|title=Artistes gather for Just Not Married premiere|date=10 May 2016|website=The Nation Newspaper|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref> A Soldier's Story (2015), Hotel Choco (2015), <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2015/09/03/a-soldier-story-new-film-set-to-hit-up-the-nigerian-screen/|title=A Soldier Story: New Film Set To Hit Up The Nigerian Screen – >>Best Of Nollywood|access-date=4 November 2019|archive-date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104201905/http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2015/09/03/a-soldier-story-new-film-set-to-hit-up-the-nigerian-screen/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Wedding Party (2016), The Island (2018), Slow Country (2018), Elevator Baby (2019), ''Kasala'' (2018) da The Ghost and the Tout (2018). <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/five-highest-grossing-nollywood-movies-2018/|title=Five highest grossing Nollywood movies so far in 2018|date=15 November 2018|website=TheCable Lifestyle|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myfilmhouse.ng/watch-online/the-ghost-and-the-tout|title=MYFILMHOUSE|website=myfilmhouse.ng|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-ghost-and-the-tout-watch-toyin-aimakhu-chioma-chukwuka-chiwetalu-agu-sambasa/vv2h6rf|title=Watch Toyin Aimakhu, Chioma Chukwuka, Chiwetalu Agu, Sambasa Nzeribe in trailer|date=10 April 2018|website=pulse.ng|access-date=4 November 2019|archive-date=28 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028183810/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-ghost-and-the-tout-watch-toyin-aimakhu-chioma-chukwuka-chiwetalu-agu-sambasa/vv2h6rf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kyautar == A shekara ta 2016, ya lashe lambar yabo ta AMVCA ta biyu a jere don "Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nea-2016-joseph-benjamin-faithia-balogun-sambasa-nzeribe-among-winners/8mb2phl|title=Joseph Benjamin, Faithia Balogun, Sambasa Nzeribe among winners|date=6 September 2016|website=pulse.ng|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://xplorenollywood.com/eric-aghimiens-award-winning-slow-country-to-premiere-in-may/|title=Eric Aghimien's Award Winning "Slow Country" To Premiere in May {{!}} Xplorenollywood|last=Kareem|first=Tolu|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm9005530/|title=Sambasa Nzeribe|publisher=IMDb|access-date=6 November 2019}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''[[A Mile from Home|Mile daga Gida]]'' (2013) * [[Out of Luck (2015 fim)|Daga Sa'a (2015)]] * ''Ba a Yi Aure Ba'' (2015) * [[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|''Labarin Soja'' (2015)]] * Otal Choco (2015) * [[The Wedding Party (fim na 2016)|''Bikin Bikin Aure'' (2016)]] * ''[[My Wife & I|Ni da matarsa]]'' (2017) * ''Tsibirin'' (2018) * [[Slow Country (fim)|''Ƙasar da ba ta da kyau'']] (2018) * Elevator Baby (2019) * ''[[Kasala (fim)|Kasala]]'' (2018) * Zuwa Daga Hauka (2018) * Ghost da Tout (2018) * 'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie (2011) == Rayuwa ta sirri == Sambasa ya girma ne a cikin mawuyacin hali, bayan ya rasa mahaifinsa tun da wuri. Ya girma a Isolo, Jihar Legas . ci gaba da sha'awar yin wasan kwaikwayo yayin da yake girma, kuma yana da ƙwazo sosai tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2017 | rowspan="2" |Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin rawar jagora - Turanci |''[[Slow Country (fim)|Ƙasar da ba ta da kyau]]''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | |- |Mafi Kyawun Mai Taimako - Turanci |''[[Tatu (fim)|Tattoo]]''|{{Nom}} |} == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin Jaruman Finafinan Najeriya|Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q9r0rp8iq7khb10j463mq51r57e5hua 0 23385 547714 217900 2024-11-28T20:04:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Efua Asibon''' tana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan Ghana uku da suka lashe lambar yabo ta Sarauniya ta Matasa a 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2017/july-4th/ghanaian-chef-to-cook-waakye-for-queen-elizabeth.php|title=Ghanaian chef to cook ‘waakye’ for Queen Elizabeth|date=2017-07-04|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=2019-09-10|archive-date=2017-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114012319/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2017/july-4th/ghanaian-chef-to-cook-waakye-for-queen-elizabeth.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Three-Ghanaians-honoured-by-Queen-Elizabeth-554462|title=Three Ghanaians honoured by Queen Elizabeth|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref> Ita ce manajan asusu na Facebook a Ireland wanda ya kafa Dislabelled, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a Ghana da ke tallafawa, ba da ƙarfi da ilmantar da nakasassu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://bulletin.swarthmore.edu/spring-2019-issue-iii-volume-cxvi/efua-asibon-%E2%80%9916-%E2%80%94-ghana|title=Efua Asibon ’16 — Ghana|last=|first=|date=2019-09-10|website=Swarthmore College Bulletin|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ayibamagazine.com/dislabelled-fighting-for-special-education-in-ghana/|title=Dislabelled: Fighting for Special Education in Ghana|last=ago|first=Akinyi Ochieng • 4 years|date=2015-10-26|website=Ayiba Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10|archive-date=2021-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802212928/http://ayibamagazine.com/dislabelled-fighting-for-special-education-in-ghana/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ilimi == Tana da digiri na biyu a Ci gaban Ƙasashen Duniya da Gaggawa na Agaji daga Makarantar Tattalin Arziki da Kimiyyar Siyasa ta London.<ref name=":0" /> Bayan samun lambar yabo ta Sarauniya ta Jagoranci, ta sami damar samun jagoranci da horarwa a Cibiyar Ci gaba da Ilimi ta Jami'ar Cambridge a Burtaniya.<ref name="ghanacelebrities.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2017/07/01/queen-elizabeth-honours-three-young-ghanaians/|title=Queen Elizabeth Honours Three Young Ghanaians|date=2017-07-01|website=GhanaCelebrities.Com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == * A cikin 2017, ta ci lambar yabo ta Jagorar Matasa ta Sarauniya<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/ghanas-elijah-amoo-addo-efua-asibon-and-winnifred-selby-for-the-queens-young-leaders-award/|title=Ghana’s Elijah Amoo Addo, Efua Asibon and Winnifred Selby for The Queen’s Young Leaders Award|last=|first=|date=2017-06-16|website=Glitz Africa|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref name="ghanacelebrities.com" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/young-leaders-three-ghanaians-recognised-by-uk-queen-for-their-social-responsibility/56rq1yj|title=Three Ghanaians recognised by UK Queen for their social responsibility work|last=|first=|date=2016-11-30|website=Pulse Ghana|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/07/3-ghanaians-honoured-by-queen-elizabeth-in-uk/|title=3 Ghanaians honoured by Queen Elizabeth in UK|date=2017-07-02|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref name="Queens Young Leaders – Alumni">{{Cite web|url=https://www.queensyoungleaders.com/alumni/|title=Queens Young Leaders – Alumni|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10|archive-date=2018-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512181915/https://www.queensyoungleaders.com/alumni/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Ta lashe lambar yabo ta Innovation Women and Africa Entrepreneurship Forum (AWIEF) a shekarar 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/08/14/finalists-announced-for-2019-awief-awards/|title=Finalists announced for 2019 AWIEF Awards|last=AfricaNews|first=|date=2019-08-14|website=Africanews|language=en|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815005041/https://www.africanews.com/2019/08/14/finalists-announced-for-2019-awief-awards//|archive-date=2019-08-15|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://awpnetwork.com/2019/08/16/african-women-entrepreneurs-nominated-for-the-2019-awief-awards/|title=African Women Entrepreneurs Nominated for the 2019 AWIEF Awards|last=|first=|date=2019-08-16|website=AWP Network|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305135754/https://awpnetwork.com/2019/08/16/african-women-entrepreneurs-nominated-for-the-2019-awief-awards/|archive-date=2020-03-05|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Efua Asibon|date=2019-09-10|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Efua_Asibon&oldid=915022972|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyafrika.com/africas-top-women-entrepreneurs-to-be-rewarded-for-leadership-innovation/|title=Africa’s top women entrepreneurs to be rewarded for leadership, innovation|date=2019-08-14|website=Daily Afrika News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10|archive-date=2021-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802211414/https://www.dailyafrika.com/africas-top-women-entrepreneurs-to-be-rewarded-for-leadership-innovation/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldnews.easybranches.com/regions/africa/4293762|title=Finalists announced for 2019 AWIEF Awards|website=worldnews.easybranches.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref> * An jera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun Mata 'Yan kasuwa 100 na WomanRising a Ghana<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://womanrising.org/2018/08/11/2016-100-most-outstanding-women-entrepreneurs-in-ghana/|title=2016 – 100 Most Outstanding Women Entrepreneurs In Ghana – WomanRising|last=WomanRising|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-10|archive-date=2019-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904210133/https://womanrising.org/2018/08/11/2016-100-most-outstanding-women-entrepreneurs-in-ghana/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == 88w3d347cattdss99futjb1lc6ac2d7 0 23514 547713 217897 2024-11-28T20:03:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Efiewura''' kuma ya rubuta '''Ofiwura''', '''Ofiewura''' (ma'ana "Mai gida" ko "mai sarauta/maigidan gida" a cikin Twi) sanannen gidan talabijin na Ghana ne wanda ke fitowa a TV3 Ghana, cikin yaren Akan. Jerin ya mayar da hankali kan yadda masu gida ke kula da masu haya da kuma alaƙar da ke tsakanin mai haya.<ref>{{Citation|last=Kofi Andoh|title=EFIEWURA TV (JUDGE KOBO & NANA AMA)|date=2011-05-18|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge9JkXo9_CQ|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Kwadwo Anane|title=Efiewura TV series|date=2017-03-01|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IK2QNQfD4ew|access-date=2018-11-15}}</ref> An fara shi a cikin 2001, kuma har yanzu yana kan samarwa, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama wasan tsere mafi tsayi a ƙasar.<ref name="2001-one">Kusi, Tony (22 August 2017). [https://www.ghpage.com/photos-efiewura-tv-series-actors-shockingly-passed-away/13485/ Photos: 6 Efiewura TV Series Actors Who Have Passed Away], ghpage.com, Retrieved 13 December 2018</ref> Ta ci lambobin yabo na gidan talabijin da dama.<ref name="longest1">(18 September 2018). [https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/23223/efiewura-tv-series-needs-commendation-the-longest-running-l.html Efiewura TV Series Needs Commendation: The Longest Running Local Production On Gh. TV], ''Modern Ghana''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/23223/efiewura-tv-series-needs-commendation-the-longest.html|title=Efiewura TV Series Needs Commendation: The Longest Running Local Production On Gh. TV|website=Modern Ghana|language=en|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == Membobin simintin wasan kwaikwayon na dogon lokaci sun haɗa da: * [[Bob Santo|John Evans Bosompi]] as Santo * [[Margret Quainoo]] as Araba Stamp * Micheal Moncar * Harriet Naa Akleh Okantey (Auntie B) * Lucky Azasoo-Nkornoo<ref name="flavadead1">(5 May 2016). [https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/May-5th/efiewura-star-actor-mc-flava-pounds-is-dead.php Efiewura star actor, Mc Flava Pounds is dead ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012235344/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-5th/efiewura-star-actor-mc-flava-pounds-is-dead.php |date=2019-10-12 }}, myjoyonline.com</ref> * Ebenezer Donkor (Katawere) * Abeiku Aggrey Santana * Kofi Agyiri<ref name="kofidead1">(30 June 2017). [https://www.gbcghana.com/1.11109171 Ghanaian actor Kofi Agyiri of Efiewura fame dead] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805001757/https://www.gbcghana.com/1.11109171 |date=2021-08-05 }}, [[Ghana Broadcasting Corporation]]</ref> * Kwame Djokoto * Koo Fori * AJ Poundz * Florence Boateng * Seth Kwabena Kyere Karikari (Koo Fori) * Joojo Robertson * Adwoa Smart * Michael Akoto Moncar * Rosamond Brown (Akuapem Polo) * Gloria Sarfo * Kwame Dzokoto == Manazarta == 95zxphwluev9xalkkwhk6o83h1t1a60 0 23517 548030 219603 2024-11-28T23:21:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kofi Adu''' (an haife shi 25 ga Mayu, 1969), wanda aka fi sani da Agya Koo, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci daga Ghana.<ref>Kwaku Oteng, [http://www.ghanamma.com/radio-tv/2424-biography-coffee-adu-alias-agya-koo.html Biography- Kofi Adu alias Kote Kesie,Bamboo kote Agya Koo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045821/http://www.ghanamma.com/radio-tv/2424-biography-coffee-adu-alias-agya-koo.html|date=2016-03-04}}, ghanamma.com, 4 January 2009</ref> Ya fito a fina -finan Ghana sama da 200 da suka hada da ''Obaatanpa, Away Bus, Black Star,'' da ''Ma Tricki Wo.'' == Aiki == Asalin Adu yankin Ashanti ne na Ghana, amma yana zaune a wata unguwa a Accra Newtown da ake kira Asantewaa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin cobbler. An gano Adu a wani wasan barkwanci na ƙasar Ghana a GTV (Gidan Talabijin na Ghana) a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da ke Accra, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan barkwanci da ke dumama jama'a kafin a shirya babban wasan kwaikwayo. A watan Yulin 2008, shugaban kasar Ghana na lokacin John Agyekum Kufuor ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa. Duk da cewa da farko ya yi tafiya zuwa Accra don yin waka, Agya Koo ya fito a fina -finan Ghana da yawa, 15 daga ciki har yanzu ya fi so.<ref name="blazee">[http://blazeefm.com/portal/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=17Agya Koo lauds President's decision to award him] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202553/http://blazeefm.com/portal/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=17Agya |date=2016-03-03 }}, 2 July 2008</ref><ref>[http://gbcghana.com/news/21134detail.html Akan film producers share joy with Egya Koo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821072242/http://gbcghana.com/news/21134detail.html |date=2008-08-21 }}, [[Ghana Broadcasting Corporation]], 3 July 2008</ref> Guje wa tsarin al'ada na karanta rubutun sosai kafin yin fim, ya gaya wa tsohon mai gabatar da shirin Joy FM Kojo Oppong Nkrumah cewa yayin da galibi ana ba 'yan wasan kwaikwayo rubutun mako biyu kafin su fara harbi, ƙwarewar da Allah ya ba shi yana ba shi damar ingantawa. ba tare da rubutun ba.<ref name="blazee" /> == Rayuwar mutum == A watan Yunin 2016, Adu ta sake yin aure da Rita Asiedu a Landan, Burtaniya bayan soyayya da shekaru 4. A baya ya auri Victoria Owusu Adomako amma ya sake shi. Shi Kirista ne.<ref>{{cite news|title=VIDEO: Kofi Adu a.k.a. Agya Koo Remarries in London|url=http://www.ghanastar.com/news/kofi-adu-aka-agya-koo-remarries-in-london/|accessdate=14 June 2016|work=[[GhanaStar]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> == Filmography == {{div col}} *''Keysoap Concert Party'' *''Agya Koo Gbegbentus'' *''Three Desperate Friends'' *''House of Commotion'' *''Evil Plot To Break My Home'' *''Kumasi Yonko'' (meaning - Kumasi Friendship) *''Obi nnim awie ye'' (meaning - No one knows the end) *''Ka wonan toso'' (meaning - Sit properly) *''Asew 419A'' (meaning - In-law 419A) *''Business Partner'' *''Gyina Pintin'' (meaning - Stand Firm) *''Bone So Akatua'' (meaning - Rewards of Evil) *''Obaatanpa'' (meaning - Good Mother) *''Black Star'' *''Otan Hunu Kwah'' *''Ma Tricki Wo'' (meaning - I have tricked you) *''Agya Koo Trotro Driver'' *''[[Joni Waka]]'' *''Ohia'' (meaning - Poverty) *''Away Bus'' *''Nsem Pii'' (meaning - Many Issues) *''Sure banker'' *''Bosom Ba'' *''Kwadwo Besiah'' *''Sika ye Mogya'' *''Nyame Bekyere''1&2'' *''Agya Koo Mechanic'' *''Aburokyire Abrabo'' (meaning - Life Abroad) *''Agya Koo Bank Manager'' *''Asem Aba Fie'' (meaning - An Issue at Home) *''Kankan Nyame'' *''Onyame Asem'' *''Agya Koo Gyae'' *''Kayayoo *''My Soldier Father'' *''Obidea Aba'' (meaning - It's the turn of another) *''Nnipa Sei Nnipa'' (meaning - Humans destroy themselves) {{div col end}} == Manazarta == oyi6bio07uqojjx0573fdyre2h53lcz 0 23549 548043 420938 2024-11-29T00:31:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lydia Forson''' (an haife ta 24 ga watan Oktoba, shekarar 1984) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Ghana, marubuci, kuma furodusa. A shekara ta 2010 ta lashe lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Fina -Finan Afirka don Kyakkyawar Jaruma a Jagoranci. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Forson a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 1984<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201210/142173.php|title=Lydia Forson Launches Website And Celebrates Birthday Online|last=Peace FM Online|first=|website=www.peacefmonline.com|date=24 October 2012|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> a Mankessim, Ghana.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://irokotv.com/actors/1180/lydia-forson|title=Lydia Forson|publisher=[[irokotv]]|access-date=2 October 2020|archive-date=19 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019115845/https://irokotv.com/actors/1180/lydia-forson|url-status=dead|archivedate=19 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019115845/https://irokotv.com/actors/1180/lydia-forson}}</ref> Ta sami karatunta na farko a Makarantar Elementary ta Wilmore a Kentucky. Lokacin da take da shekaru tara, iyalinta sun koma Ghana, inda ta ci gaba da karatunta a Makarantar International ta Akosombo. Ta kuma halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Louis, Kumasi, inda ta kammala karatun sakandare. Forson ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Ghana, inda ta samu digirin farko a fannin Harshen Turanci da Nazarin Bayanai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buzzghana.com/lydia-forson-biography-profile/|title=Lydia Forson: 10 Lesser Known Facts about Her|first=Chuka|last=Obiorah|date=2014-05-03|website=BuzzGhana|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref> == Aiki == [[File:Lydia-Forson.jpg|thumb|Lydia Forson]] Wasan kwaikwayon Forson ya fara ne da rawar da ta taka a ''Hotel St. James'' (2005), ''Run Baby Run'' (2006), ''Different Shades of Blue'' (2007) da kuma rawar gani a cikin shirin gaskiya ''The Next Movie Star'' in Nigeria (2007). Shirley Frimpong Manso, Shugaba na Sparrow Productions, wanda a baya ta yi aiki tare da ita a cikin jerin shirye -shiryen talabijin na Ghana ''Different Shades of Blue'', ya dawo da Forson kan fuska ta fim din ''Scorned''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson in Focus + Photos|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/07/23/lydia-forson-in-focus-photos|first=Chris-Vincent|last=Agyapong Febiri|publisher=Ghanacelebrities.com|date=23 July 2010|accessdate=4 March 2012}}</ref> Wannan rawar da ta taka ya haifar da lambar yabo ta Kyautar Fim ɗin Fim ɗin Afirka na farko (AMAA) a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Jarumar Mata.<ref name="infoguideafrica25Mar20">{{Cite web|last=Clifford|first=Igbo|date=25 March 2020|title=Lydia Forson Biography, Age, Family, Education, Movies, Net Worth|url=https://www.infoguideafrica.com/2020/03/Lydia-Forson.html|access-date=2020-03-25|website=Information Guide Africa}}</ref> [[File:Lydia Forson on the Juice 02.png|thumb|Lydia Forson]] A cikin 2009, Forson ta yi tauraro a cikin kyautar ''The Perfect Picture'' ta Shirley Frimpong-Manso.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Perfect Picture|url=http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|accessdate=4 March 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20100806001604/http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|archivedate=6 August 2010}}</ref> Ta yi tauraro a cikin ''A Sting in a Tale, Swap Phone, Masquerades, [[Keteke]]'', da ''Sidechic Gang''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/showbiz/news/covid-19-use-traditional-rulers-to-fight-it-lydia-forson.html#&ts=undefined|title=Use traditional rulers to fight COVID-19—Lydia Forson|publisher=Graphic Showbiz|date=15 April 2020|first=Delali|last=Sika}}</ref> == Filmography == * ''Hotel St. James'' (2005) – Matsayin Cameo * ''Run Baby Run'' (2006) – Matsayin tallafi<ref>{{cite news|last=Duah|first=Kofi|title=Lydia Forson on the Go|url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/page.php?news=17434}}</ref> * ''Different Shades of Blue'' (2007) * ''The Next Movie Star Reality Show'' (2007) – Na biyu a matsayi na biyu * ''Scorned'' (2008) – Matsayin jagora * ''The Perfect Picture'' (2009) – Matsayin tallafi<ref>{{Citation|title=The Perfect Picture|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1929410/|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> * ''A Sting in a Tale'' (2009) – Matsayin jagora<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3754607/|accessdate=4 March 2012}}</ref> * ''Masquerades'' (2011) * ''Phone Swap'' (2012)<ref>{{cite news|title=Lydia Forson Grabs Another Job in Nollywood|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=215333|date=2 August 2011|accessdate=4 March 2012|newspaper=NewsOne}}</ref> * ''Kamara's Tree'' (2013) * ''Scandal'' (2013) (Jerin Afirka ta Kudu) – Aku<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3122:lydia-forson-on-etvs-scandal&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Lydia Forson on e.tv's Scandal}}</ref> * ''A Letter From Adam'' (2014) – Marubuci/Mai samarwa<ref>{{cite web|title=Lydia Forson presents "A Letter from Adam" Watch the Trailer & Get the Scoop!|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/10/07/lydia-forson-presents-a-letter-from-adam-watch-the-trailer-get-the-scoop/|work=Bella Naija|date=7 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='A Letter from Adam': Watch movie review by Adenike Adebayo|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/a-letter-from-adam-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3769018.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|date=18 May 2015|accessdate=18 May 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045828/http://pulse.ng/movies/a-letter-from-adam-watch-movie-review-by-adenike-adebayo-id3769018.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Isoken'' (2017)<ref>{{Citation|title=Isoken|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6685776/|access-date=2018-11-21}}</ref> * ''[[Keteke]]'' (2017) - Matsayin jagora<ref>[[imdbtitle:7613260|"Keteke (2017)"]], IMDb.</ref> * ''Sidechic Gang'' (2018)<ref>{{Citation|title=Sidechic Gang|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7859254/|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8vcuezq21q0otc6ivgyrwe7wzyrbg1v 0 23681 548096 497696 2024-11-29T05:13:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:The story of Phoenicia (IA cu31924028507485).pdf|thumb|nazir story]] '''Tatsuniyoyin Nazir''' jerin wasan kwaikwayo ne mai ban dariya na ƙasar Ghana wanda ya dogara da tarihin Nazir da ƙalubalen da yake fuskanta. Louis Appiah dan wasan kwaikwayo na kasar Ghana ne ya kirkiro wannan jerin kuma yana gudana tun 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tales Of Nazir: Keep the peace!|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Tales-Of-Nazir-Keep-the-peace-486091|website=Ghanaweb|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=10 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Tales Of Nazir The Movie Goes Online|url=http://www.dawuroafrica.com/article/273/nazir-movie-online|website=Dawuro Africa|publisher=Dawuro Africa|accessdate=10 November 2018|archive-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110120139/http://www.dawuroafrica.com/article/273/nazir-movie-online|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.talesofnazir.com/|title=Tales of Nazir|website=Tales of Nazir|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-11|archive-date=2019-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119163734/http://www.talesofnazir.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina finai == === Fim === * ''Tales Of Nazir – The Movie<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.com.gh/movies/tales-of-nazir-the-movie-animated-film-staring-john-dumelo-stonebwoy-et-al-to-premiere-jan-2-id4439756.html|title=Tales Of Nazir – The Movie" Animated film starring John Dumelo, Stonebwoy et al to premiere Jan. 2|website=Pulse.com.gh|publisher=David Mawuli|accessdate=2 February 2016|archive-date=21 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121145118/http://pulse.com.gh/movies/tales-of-nazir-the-movie-animated-film-staring-john-dumelo-stonebwoy-et-al-to-premiere-jan-2-id4439756.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' * ''Book of Eden'' === Wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Nazir and Okra (Nana Akradaa Wahala)''<ref>{{Citation|title=Nazir and Okra (Nana Agradaa Wahala)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLhXBKmj7sY|language=en|access-date=2021-05-17}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir Mona Bosom'' * ''Tales of Nazir - Shatta Gringo.'' * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir and Kofi Kinaata.<ref>{{Citation|title=Tales of Nazir|date=2019-12-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tales_of_Nazir&oldid=932004525|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2020-02-20}}</ref>'' * ''Tales of Nazir - Polling Assistant.''<ref>{{Citation|title=Tales of Nazir|date=2020-02-20|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tales_of_Nazir&oldid=941777463|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2020-02-20}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Eye Galagcee.''<ref>{{Citation|title=Tales of Nazir|date=2020-02-20|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tales_of_Nazir&oldid=941777648|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2020-02-20}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Rice Cooker.''<ref>{{Citation|chapter=Nazir|pages=67–74|publisher=The Jewish Publication Society|isbn=978-0-8276-1163-4|doi=10.2307/j.ctt1d9nj9f.12|title=A Bride for One Night|year=2014}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Dumsor.''<ref>{{Citation|chapter=Nazir|pages=67–74|publisher=The Jewish Publication Society|isbn=978-0-8276-1163-4|doi=10.2307/j.ctt1d9nj9f.12|title=A Bride for One Night|year=2014}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Bribery Gone Wrong.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJN53nbUd2c|title=Tales of Nazir throwback- Bribery Gone Wrong|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Movenpick.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_wP06VZjqA|title=Tales Of Nazir - Movenpick (Live Action) - Episode 1.5|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Visa Palava.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z97JYIiR-Zc|title=Tales Of Nazir - Visa Palava - Episode 1.2|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Call To God.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73Yr6oRuOO8|title=Tales Of Nazir - Call to God - Episode 1.1|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nam 1 Finally Speaks.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GACeG69XseQ&t=24s|title=Tales Of Nazir: Nam1 finally speaks|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir's New Girl Friend Akua Becca.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueKfdkCLx1M|title=Tales Of Nazir Episode 10|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir, Kofi Kinaata & Anas.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T2sFsf075Jk|title=Nazir, Kofi kinaata and Anas Aremeyaw|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Captain Planet with Bra Charles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmirYbYaPHQ|title=Tales of Nazir with CAPTAIN PLANET and Bra Charles (YOLO)|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>'' * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir In Lagos.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsC924_K3aA|title=Nazir in lagos|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir And Wanluv Press Conference Gone Wrong.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSxSRjusK24|title=Nazir and Wanlov Press Conference Gone wrong|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir And Bedi Ragga Battle.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYFrtQ1RugY&t=2s|title=Nazir and Bedi ragga Battle|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Number 13, Nazir with countryman Songo And Abatay.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U3LC-Hq3fhA|title=Nazir- #Number13 with Countryman Songo and Abatay|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir With Countryman Songo.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lA00rFVKzlE|title=Tales of Nazir with Countryman Songo|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Menzgold Commercial With Nazir And Joselyn Dumas.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZn99hI0kUE|title=Menzgold commercial with Nazir and Joselyn Dumas|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Valentine Special With Akuaa Becca And Nazir.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaY3umzWE5w|title=Valentine Special with Akua Becca and Nazir|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Keep The Peace.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZ9CTdu-7GY|title=Tales Of Nazir Episode 9 #KEEPTHEPEACE|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir Meets Stonebwoy In London.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVBKMNjlh4U|title=Nazir Meets Stonbwoy in London|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Nazir Is Grown Up.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyrZfFtRzlo&t=59s|title=Tales of Nazir (Nazir is grown up)|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''A Letter to the President.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_vMj6cOZGY|title=A Letter to the President|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * ''Nazir Meets Ebola.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGryZru6Jj4&t=27s|title=Tales Of Nazir - Ebola - Episode 1.4|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> * My Dear Grandpa<ref>{{Citation|title=My Dear Grandpa|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xx_wzF2cxaE|language=en|access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref> * ''Young Nazir and John Dumelo''<ref>{{Citation|title=Young Nazir and John Dumelo|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKMDAZzbM3U|language=en|access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Quarantine''<ref>{{Citation|title=Tales of Nazir (Nazir in Quaratine)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCD5uSVQvzQ|language=en|access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref> * ''Tales of Nazir - Bossom Pyung meets Hajia4Real'' == Manazarta == 33yomjkorw8cz0bt8hd2k88s00h72n0 0 25210 547605 422634 2024-11-28T17:12:00Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Rahamath Tarikere.jpg|thumb|Rahamat Tarikere]] '''Rahamat Tarikere''' (an haifi shi ne a ranar ashirin da shida 26 ga watan Agustan shekarata ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da tara 1959), ya kasance marubuci ne ɗan [[Kannada]], mai suka da malami. An san shi da kaifin basirarsa da muhinmancin ra'ayinsa kan al'adu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November shekarar 2012}} Marubuci ne sanannen marubucin sabon ƙarni na marubuta a cikin Kannada.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2012}} A halin yanzu shi Farfesa ne a Jami'ar Kannada a Hampi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.museindia.com/authprofile.asp?id=1611 |access-date=2021-09-19 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121159/http://www.museindia.com/authprofile.asp?id=1611 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife shi ne a ranar ashirin da shida 26 ga watan Agusta shekarata alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da hamsin da tara 1959 a ƙauyen Samatala a Tarikere Taluk a gundumar Chikkamagaluru a jihar Karnataka, Indiya. Ya kammala BA tare da matakin farko na jami'a. Ya ci lambar yabo ta Zinare bakwai don MA a cikin Adabin Kannada daga Jami'ar Mysore.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2020}} == Aikin adabi == * ''Prathi samskruthi'' (tarin labaran 1993) * ''Maradolagina Kicchu'' (tarin labaran 1984) * ''Samskruthika Adhyayana'' (2004) * ''Loka Virodhigala Jotheyalli '(Tattaunawa 15) (2006)'' * ''Kattiyanchina Daari'' (tarin labaran 2009) * ''Prathi Samskruthi'' (Nazari kan Al'adu Mai Magana 1993) * ''Karnatakada Sufigalu'' (Nazarin Sufanci Karnataka 1998) * ''Andaman Kanasu'' (Travelogue 2000) * ''KadaLi hokku bande'' (Travelogue 2011) * ''Naduashtoo naadu '(Travelogue 2012)'' * ''Amirbai karnataki'' (Monograph 2012) * ''Netu bidda navilu'' (tarin labaran 2013) * ''Karnatakada Moharrum'' (Nazarin Mohram 2014) * ''Samshodhana meemaamse'' (Littafin Jagora akan Hanyar Bincike 2014) * ''Geramaradi KathegaLu'' (Ed. Tatsuniyar 2016) * ''karnataka shaktapantha'' (Nazarin Shaktism 2017) * ''Gurupra Qadri Tatvapada'' (Ed. Waƙoƙin mawaƙin Sufi 2017) * ''Tatvapada Praveshike'' (Ed. Tare da Arun, Labarai akan Sihiri 2017) * ''Sanna Sangathi'' (colelcton na Tunani 2018) * ''Nettara Sutaka'' (tarin labaran 2018) * ''Bagila Maathu'' (Gabatarwa 2018) * ''Rajadharma'' (Nazari kan rubutun siyasa na Mysore odeyars da Diwans 2019) * `` Hittala jagattu ''(tarin ƙananan litattafan 2019)'' * ''NyayanishTurigala Jatheyalli'' (Tattaunawa 15) 2020 * `` Karnataka Gurupantha ''(Nazarin Avadhuta da Aroodhas 2020)'' == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == * Karnataka Sahitya Academy Award don tarin rubuce ''-rubucensa'' : Prathisamskruti (1993) * Kyautar Karnataka Sahitya Academy don Bincikensa akan sufis na Karnataka (1998) * Kyautar Karnataka Sahitya Academy don yawon shakatawa ''Andaman Kanasu'' 2000 * Kyautar Sahitya Akademi a shekarar 2010 don ''Kattiyanchina Daari'' (ta dawo),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/122315/sahitya-akademi-honour-rahmat-tarikere.html|title=Sahitya Akademi honour for Rahmat Tarikere|date=20 December 2010|work=Deccan Herald|accessdate=25 November 2012}}</ref> * Kyautar girmamawa ta Karnataka Sahitya Akademy (2113) (Bai samu ba),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2011010750670200.htm&date=2011/01/07/&prd=fr&|title=Walking the precarious line|last=Subraya|first=P V|date=7 January 2011|work=The Hindu|accessdate=25 November 2012}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Hanyoyin waje == * [http://www.kannadauniversity.org/EN/downloads/biodata/rahmath.pdf Bayanin Jami'ar Kannada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031347/http://www.kannadauniversity.org/EN/downloads/biodata/rahmath.pdf |date=2016-03-04 }} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1959]] <references /> [[Category:Maza]] g1xvrywy3869s1l3m72sz22soyfbixu 0 25284 547599 494056 2024-11-28T17:05:14Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Salat_Tarawih_Berjemaah.jpg |thumb| Mamu na bin Sallar Tarawi wanda tana daya daga cikin Salar Nafila]] A cikin addinin musulunci, '''sallar Nafila''' (Larabci: صلاة النفل, ṣalāt al-nafl) ko '''sallar nafila''', wanda kuma ake kira da '''Sallar Nawafil''' (jam'in nafil), nau’i ne na sallolin [[Musulmai]] da ake so (ibada ta yau da kullum). Kamar yadda ake yin sallar sunnah, ba a ɗauke su a matsayin wajibi ba amma ana tunanin za su ba da ƙarin fa'ida ga mai yin su. Misali shi ne sadakar raka'a hudu na "nafl" kafin sallar Asuhur na wajibi. Dangane da Hadisi mai zuwa, "''nafl''" ba kawai yana kusantar da 'yanci zuwa ga Allah ba har ma yana taimaka wa mutum samun kyakkyawar nasara a lahira wato Jannah (Aljanna). {{Quote|text=Rabi'ah bin Malik al-Aslami ya ruwaito cewa [[Muhammad | Annabi]] (SAW) ya ce: "Ku tambaya (wani abu)" Rabi'ah ya ce: "Ina rokonka da ka zama abokin zama na a aljanna." Annabi (SAW) ya ce: "Ko wani abu daban?" Rabi'ah ya ce: "Shi kenan." Annabi (SAW) ya ce masa: "To ka taimake ni ta hanyar yin sujjada da yawa wato Sallolin Nafila".|source=Sahih Muslim|author=|title=}} == Tahiyatul Wudu == ''Tahiyatul wudu'' ita ce sallar nafila bayan yin alwala. [[Abu Hurairah|Abu Hureyrah]] ya ruwaito cewa da zarar [[Muhammad|annabin musulunci Muhammad]] ya tambayi [[Bilal dan Ribah|Bilal]] a Fajr salah: {{Quote|Ya Bilal Fada min wannan aikin naku wanda ya fi bege (na lada) bayan karbar Musulunci, domin na ji sautin takunku a gabana a cikin Aljanna.}} Bilal ya amsa: {{Quote|Ban yi wani abu na dabam ba sai a duk lokacin da na yi alwala da rana ko dare, ina yin ''sallah'' (''tahiyatul wudu'') bayan haka, gwargwadon abin da aka rubuta ko aka ba ni."}} Abu Hureyrah ya ruwaito cewa Annabi Muhammad ya ce wa Bilal {{Quote|Bani labari game da aikin da ya fi bege (watau wanda kuke ganin ya fi samun lada a wurin Allah) da kuke yi tun lokacin da kuka karɓi Musulunci saboda na ji ƙarar matakan takalminku a gabana a cikin aljanna.}} Bilal yace: {{Quote|Ba na ganin duk wani aiki da ya fi bege fiye da haka a duk lokacin da na yi alwala (''wudu'') a kowane lokaci na dare ko rana, ina yin sallah tsawon lokacin da aka kaddara mini in yi.|source=Sahih al-Bukhari da Sahih Muslim}} Bayan kammala alwala, sallar (raka'a) raka'a biyu cike take da albarka (sawāb). Kada a yi ta a lokacin da bai dace ba (makruh); idan rana ta fito, lokacin da take zenith da lokacin faduwarta. == Masallacin Tahiyyatul (Sallar Nafila lokacin shiga Masallaci) == Abu Qatada ya ruwaito cewa Annabi Muhammad ya ce: “Idan dayanku ya shiga masallaci, sai ya yi raka’a biyu kafin ya zauna.” Bukhari da Muslim suka ruwaito shi. * Wannan shi ne sallar Nafl Rak'ah 2 wanda ya kamata mutum ya yi yayin shiga Masallaci kuma a kan lokutan da suka dace. == Sallar Ishraq == Lokacin sallar Ishraq yana farawa da mintuna goma sha biyar zuwa ashirin bayan fitowar rana kuma ya kunshi Raka'ah guda biyu.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mohammad|first=Mamdouh N.|title=Salat: The Islamic Prayer from A to Z|year=2003|publisher=Dr Mahmdouh N Mohammad|isbn=978-0-9652877-4-6|page=14}}</ref> Ana ganin yin ishraq yana ba da lada mafi girma fiye da yin karamar Umrah bisa ga wasu hadisai.<ref>Targhib p. 427. vol. I ref. Abu Yate ba Isnad-e-Sahib</ref> A cewar mafi yawan malaman Hadisi da na Fiqhu, Sallar Duha da Sallar Al-Ishraq duk sunaye ne na sallar guda (sallar farilla). Addu'a ce da aka ba da ita ba tare da takamaiman adadin raka'ah ba, kuma lokacinta ya dace yana farawa kusan mintuna goma sha biyar bayan fitowar rana kuma yana ƙaruwa har zuwa lokacin faɗuwar rana daga meridian. == Sallar Dhuha ko Chasht == Sallar Dhuha tana farawa bayan fitowar rana kuma ta ƙare a meridian, kuma galibi ana tunanin ya haɗa da raka'ah biyu, ko da yake a wasu hadisai adadin huɗu ne ko ma goma sha biyu.<ref>[[Al-Sunan al-Sughra]] #1,659</ref><ref>[[Sahih Muslim]] #1,175</ref><ref>[[Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal]] #23,317</ref><ref>[[Sunan Ibn Majah]] #1,371</ref><ref>Mishkaat pg.116</ref> A cewar tunanin Ahlus -Sunnah, yin wannan addu'ar ana ganin tana da tasiri wajen neman gafarar zunuban mutum.<ref>[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]] #438</ref> Ana yin sallar Ishraq ko Chasht ko Duha lokacin da rana ta fito da kwata na safe, kuma tana ƙarewa kafin lokacin sallar Azahar (wato sallar farilla). An ce wanda ya yi nafilfili, yana da ladar gidan Zinariya 1 a cikin Aljanna. watau sallar Chasht 1 = gidan zinare 1. Fatima ta kasance tana yawan yin wannan sallar nafila. An ruwaito sallar asuba ta nafila dagadaga Annabi Muhammad, ta hanyoyin da suka kai ga yawan ruwayoyi-daga sahabbai 19 zuwa sama da 30-a cewar Imam al-Tabari, al-`Ayni a cikin 'Umdat al-Qari, al-Haytami, al -Munawi, da al-Qari a Sharh al-Shama'il, Ibn Hajar a Fath al-Bari, al-Kattani a Nazm al-Mutanathir, kuma kamar yadda al-Hakim da al-Suyuti gami da Karatun Abu Zur`a al-'Iraqi a Tarh al-Tathrib, Ibn al-Qayyim a Zad al-Ma`ad, da al-Shawkani a Nayl al-Awtar. A cewar mafi yawan Malamai na Salaf da Khalaf sallar mustahabbi ce da mustahabbi. == Tahajjud == == Awabeen == Salat al-Awwabin- ita ce "addu'ar mai dawowa" kamar yadda Annabi Muhammadu ya kayyade kuma ana yin ta tsakanin sallar Magriba da sallar Isha. Haka kuma malamai da yawa sun ce babu hadisan sahihu da ke tabbatar da cewa za a yi Sallar Awwabin tsakanin sallar Magriba da Isha kuma shin suna da ra'ayin cewa a zahiri addu’a ɗaya ce da ta Duha. == Rak’ah Sunnah hudu na Zuhur == An ruwaito cewa Annabi Muhammadu ya ce duk wanda ya yi raka'a hudu kafin ko bayan sallar Zuhr tare da dawwama, Allah ya haramta masa wutar Jahannama. [Mishkat, (Hasan-Sarkar) p. 104; Tirmizi, Abu Da'ud, Nisai 1814, Ibn Majah] An ruwaito cewa Amma Muhammad ya ce bayan mai ibada yayi sallah raka'a hudu na Zuhur, ana bude kofofin sama, watau sallar ta zama karbabbu a wurin Allah, kuma dalilin karbarsa yana sauka akan mai ibada a matsayin hasken rahama. [Mishkat, shafi. 104] == Rak’ah Sunnah hudu ta Asr == Muhammadu ya ce: "Allah ya yi rahama ga wanda ya yi hudu (raka'ah) kafin sallar Asr." (Abu Dawud) == Rak'ah Sunnah biyu na Magriba == == Rak'ah Sunnah hudu ta Isha == == Sunaye == Sallar safiya ta nafila tana da sunaye da yawa. Tsakanin su: * Salat al-Duha ko Sibhat al-Duha-Sibha yana nufin sallar nafila a dunkule kuma Duha yana nufin safiya, tsakiyar safiya, ko sanyin safiya. Wannan shine sunan da ya fi yawa a cikin ruwayoyi. Ita ce sallar asuba lokacin da rana ta yi zafi sosai.<ref>[[Kanz al-Ummal]] #23437, 23461</ref> Dalilin wannan suna shine mutum ya bar duniya a lokacin don komawa ga Allah kuma ya rama sallar Dare da ya rasa. Don haka Salatul-Duha ta fi damuwa ga waɗanda suka rasa tahajjud kuma shine musanya ta.<ref>Ibn al-Qayyim, Zad al-Ma`ad (1:356)</ref><ref>''Itr, I`lam al-Anam Sharh [[Bulugh al-Maram]]'', p. 628</ref> * Salat al -Ishraq - shine "sallar fitowar rana" ko sallar da aka yi jim kaɗan bayan fitowar rana. * Salat al-Fath-ita ce "sallar nasara" kamar yadda aka tabbatar cewa Muhammadu ya yi ta da safe da ya shiga Makka (a cikin Bukhari da Muslim) kuma wannan ya zama Sunan shugabannin sojoji bayan shiga sabon yankin da aka ci. == Manazarta == 3zo0g6qsubg2ox6h3r1u592mvq5dzrt 0 25585 547500 235006 2024-11-28T12:20:13Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 547500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Quanita Adams''' ƴar [[Cape Town]] ce, a ƙasar [[Afirka ta Kudu]] - tushen wasan kwaikwayo kuma ƴar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta fito a cikin fina-finan Gafara tare da Arnold Vosloo, ''Cape of Good Hope'', da ''Skeem,'' kuma ta fito kan mataki a cikin fitattun wasannin ''Gaskiya a Fassara'' da ''A Ƙafarta'' . Ita ce wacce ta yi nasara a 2008 na Fleur du Cap Award don Mafi Kyawun 'Yar Taimakon Tallafi don rawar da ta taka a ''Cissie'', wanda ya ci a shekarar 2004 na Fleur du Cap Award don Mafi Kyawun ''<nowiki/>' Yar Fim don Waƙar Waƙa da A Ƙafarta, da Wanda ya ci a shekara ta 2003. Kyautar Fleur du Cap Kyauta don Mafi Kyawun Haɗuwa don Yan mata masu launi.<ref>she also pay the role of mother leatita in Arendvlei and she made a serious called the Riviera about a young girl in grade 7 [http://www.mlasa.com/artfquaada.htm Moonyeenn Lee Associates: Quanita Adams]{{Dead link|date=July 2016|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Quanita, kuma taka rawar da Uwar Laetitia a SAFTA-lashe ''kyknet'' drama, ''[https://kyknet.dstv.com/South/home/Arendsvlei Arendsvlei]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} . Bugu da ƙari '', s'' shi ma ya ƙirƙiri jerin talabijin ''Riveiria,'' wanda ya dogara da yarinya 'yar aji 7 da ta girma a lokacin wariyar launin fata. ''[https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9063194/ Vinkel en Koljander]'' shine ɗayan abubuwan da Ms Adams ta ƙirƙira. == Manazarta == [[Category:Mata yan Fim]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutanen Afrika ta Kudu]] ozfz6e1fl2372awk5ctc7mmj0p77spu 0 25630 547918 448367 2024-11-28T22:03:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jami'ar Gregory''' (GU) ta kasance tana a Uturu, [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] a [[Najeriya]]. Jami'a ce mai zaman kanta mai suna bayan [[Pope Gregory I]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nuc.edu.ng/pages/universities.asp?ty=3&order=inst_name&page=1 | title=National Universities Commission | publisher=National Universities Commission, Nigeria | accessdate=4 July 2013 | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610070828/http://www.nuc.edu.ng/pages/universities.asp?ty=3&order=inst_name&page=1 | archivedate=10 June 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cp-africa.com/2015/06/02/nigerian-government-gregory-university-partners-others-to-train-academics-in-science/ | title=Nigerian Government, Gregory University Partners Others to Train academics in Science | publisher=cp-africa.com | accessdate=7 August 2015 | archive-date=23 July 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723120746/http://www.cp-africa.com/2015/06/02/nigerian-government-gregory-university-partners-others-to-train-academics-in-science/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | title=Nigeria’s 59 private universities …locations, Vice Chancellors names, websites, dates of establishment | publisher=pulse.ng | work=Kukogho Iruesiri Samson | date=22 April 2015 | accessdate=10 February 2016 | archive-date=22 August 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822135528/http://www.pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> Mataimakin shugaban jami’ar shine Farfesa [[Augustine A. Uwakwe]].<ref name=nw>[http://sunnewsonline.com/new/leading-women/ Leading women]{{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, 2014, SunNewsOnline.com, Retrieved 9 February 2016</ref> ==Tarihi== ==Makarantu== * Jami'ar Gregory, Uturu (GUU) tana da kusan kwalejoji guda takwas waɗanda suka haɗa da masu zuwa: * Kwalejin Magunguna da Kimiyyar Lafiya * Kwalejin Shari'a * Kwalejin Injiniya * Kwalejin Aikin Gona * Kwalejin Kimiyyar Muhalli * Kwalejin Dan Adam * Kwalejin Kimiyya da Aiyuka * Joseph Bokai College of Social and Management Sciences ==Darussa== Akwai darussa sama da talatin 30 a halin yanzu a Jami'ar Gregory, Uturu (GUU). Su ne kamar haka; * Magani da tiyata * Dan Adam * Kimiyyar Biochemistry * Ilimin Halittar Dan Adam * Kimiyyar dakin gwaje -gwajen likita * Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a * Radiography da Kimiyyar Radiation * Optometry * Phamasi * Injiniyan Jama'a * Ininiyan inji * Injiniyan Kwamfuta * Injin Man Fetur * Injiniyan Lantarki da Lantarki * Dokar Jama'a da Masu zaman kansu * Dokar Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci * Gudanar da Gidaje * Bincike da Geo-informatics * Yawan Bincike * Tsarin birni da yanki * Gine -gine * [[Ilmin duwatsu|Geology]] * Noma * Gudanar da Otal da Yawon shakatawa * Tarihi da Nazarin Duniya * Harshen Ingilishi da Nazarin Adabi * Nazarin Linguistics da Sadarwa * Faransanci da Nazarin Duniya * Gidan wasan kwaikwayo da Nazarin Media * Ilimin halitta * Kimiyya * Biochemistry * Lissafi * Physics * Microbiology * Kimiyyan na'urar kwamfuta * Ƙididdiga * Banki da Kudi * Ƙididdiga * Gudanar da Kasuwanci * Tattalin arziki * Dangantakar Masana'antu da Gudanar da ma'aikata * Kimiyyar Siyasa * Dangantaka ta Duniya * Inshora * Ilimin zamantakewa * Talla * Sadarwar Mass * Ilimin Halittu * Ilimin Kimiyya * Ilimin lissafi * Ilimi Jagora da Nasiha * Ilimin Kasuwanci * Ilimin Kimiyyar Jiki da Lafiya * Ilimin Ingilishi * Ilimin Faransanci == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[category:Jami'o'i da Kwalejoji a Najeriya]] [[category: Jami'o'i masu zaman kansu a Najeriya]] [[Category: Jami'o'i a Najeriya]] sdeluweyktubxwaisd8z9nweibpogeg 0 25677 547916 450390 2024-11-28T22:02:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jami'ar Crescent''' tana a [[Abeokuta]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>[http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/eyes-of-islam/3142-islamic-banking-in-nigeria-nearer-than-ever Islamic banking in Nigeria: Nearer than ever?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617140037/http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/eyes-of-islam/3142-islamic-banking-in-nigeria-nearer-than-ever |date=2013-06-17 }}</ref> Jami'a ce mai zaman kanta da Ofishin Jakadancin Musulunci na Afirka ya kafa.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | title=Nigeria’s 59 private universities …locations, Vice Chancellors names, websites, dates of establishment | publisher=pulse.ng | work=Kukogho Iruesiri Samson | date=22 April 2015 | accessdate=10 August 2015 | archive-date=22 August 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822135528/http://www.pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.4icu.org/reviews/10761.htm | title=Crescent University | publisher=www.4icu.org | accessdate=9 August 2015}}</ref> Tana da kwalejoji kamar haka; Kwalejin Shari'a ta Bola Ajibola, Kwalejin Kimiyyar Muhalli, Kwalejin Watsa Labarai da Fasahar Sadarwa, Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha da Kwalejin Fasaha, Kimiyyar Zamantakewa da Gudanarwa. == Tarihi == A cikin 2002, Hukumar Ilimi ta Ofishin Jakadancin Musulunci na Afirka (IMA) ta ba da shawarar kafa Jami'ar Crescent, a jihar Abeokuta. A cikin 2003, Kwamitin Taƙaitaccen Ilimi ya ƙaddamar da shawarwarinsa ga IMA. Hukumar jami’ar ta kasa ta amince da kafa jami’ar a shekarar 2005. Jami'ar ta fara shirin karatun ta a watan Disamba 2005. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == * tashar [http://crescent-university.edu.ng/ yanar gizon Jami'ar Crescent] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Jami'o'i da Kwalejoji a Najeriya]] 0eppavuvb18tgf0dqo4bx6z1q0ouatx 0 25678 547940 423883 2024-11-28T22:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jami'ar Kwararafa,''' tana cikin [[Wukari]], jihar [[Taraba]] A [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | title=Nigeria’s 59 private universities …locations, Vice Chancellors names, websites, dates of establishment | publisher=pulse.ng | work=Kukogho Iruesiri Samson | date=22 April 2015 | accessdate=22 November 2015 | archive-date=22 August 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822135528/http://www.pulse.ng/student/know-your-university-nigeria-s-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors-names-websites-dates-of-establishment-id3687732.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://nuc.edu.ng/nigerian-univerisities/private-univeristies/ | title=Private Universities | publisher=[[National Universities Commission]] | accessdate=22 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.4icu.org/reviews/10769.htm | title=Kwararafa University Wukari | publisher=.4icu.org | accessdate=22 November 2015}}</ref>{{stub}} ==Darrusan da ake koyarwa<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kuw.edu.ng/requirement.php |access-date=2023-12-24 |archive-date=2023-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330114337/http://kuw.edu.ng/requirement.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>== Jami’ar Kwararafa tana gudanar da kwalejoji uku (3), kowace, kwaleji tana da kwasa-kwasan da aka amince da ita.<ref name=":0" /> Abubuwan ƙasan nan sune kwasa-kwasan da suka danganci kwalejin: '''Kwalejin,Gudanarwa da Kimiyyar Zamantakewa:''' B.Sc akan Accounting B.Sc akan Tattalin Arziki B.Sc akan Gudanar da Kasuwanci<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-kwararafa-university-taraba-state/</ref> B.Sc akan Kimiyyar Siyasa da Harkokin Ƙasashen Duniya B.Sc akan Public Administration B.Sc akan Ilimin zamantakewa B.Sc akan Criminology da Nazarin Tsaro B.Sc akan Sadarwa cikin al'umma B.Sc akan Geography '''Kwalejin asali da bijirarren kimiyya:''' B.Sc akan Biology<ref name=":1">https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/kwararafa-university</ref> B.Sc akan kimiyyar na'ura mai qwaqwalwa B.Sc akan Statistics '''Kwalejin ilimi:''' B.Ed akan Gudanar da Ilimi<ref name=":1" /> B.Ed akan Guidance and Counseling B.Ed akan Human Kinetics and Health Education == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == http://www.kuw.edu.ng/ [[Category:Jami'o'i a Nijeriya]] 3l1nx766i8laes1qktwwhref75khs5k 0 25691 547753 475204 2024-11-28T20:33:51Z Saudarh2 14842 547753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Wide view of Federal college of education logo statue.jpg|thumb|logo na kwalejin ilimi na tarayya dake jihar Abeokuta]] '''Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya''' [[Abeokuta]] (FCEA), (wacce aka fi sani da '''Kwalejin Malamai ta Tarayya''' ) wata hukuma ce da aka ba da izini tare da ba da Takaddun Shaida na Ilimi (NCE) ga ɗaliban da suka kammala karatun su na digiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NCCE Online|url=http://www.ncceonline.edu.ng/colleges.php|access-date=2021-05-30|website=ncceonline.edu.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=EDU|title=Federal College of Education|url=https://education.gov.ng/federal-college-of-education/|access-date=2021-05-30|website=FEDERAL MINISTRY OF EDUCATION|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-04|title=List of Accredited Colleges of Education in Nigeria|url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/colleges-of-education-in-nigeria/|access-date=2021-05-30|website=myschoolgist.com|language=en}}</ref> ==Tarihi== An kafa ta ne a shekara ta 1976 a Osiele, [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]], kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Mai gabatar da kara na yanzu shine Dakta Rafiu Adekola Soyele. Kwalejin tana gudanar da shirye -shirye guda uku: NCE, digiri a alaƙa da Jami'ar Ibadan da [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos|Jami'ar Jihar Legas]], da PGDE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/college-closed-in-ogun-over-students-election-crisis/109102.html|title=college closed in ogun over students election crisis|author=Keyinde Adeyemi|work=Daily Trust|accessdate=13 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fceabeokutaportal.org/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715044201/http://fceabeokutaportal.org/ |archive-date=15 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwalejin ita ce babbar jami'ar farko a [[jihar Ogun]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us {{!}} Federal College of Education Abeokuta|url=https://fce-cedep.com/about-us/|access-date=2021-05-30|language=en-US}}</ref> Makarantar ta fara aiki a shekarar 1976,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Federal College of Education, Abeokuta fceabeokuta{{!}} School Fees, Courses & Admission info|url=https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/colleges/Federal-College-of-Education-Abeokuta.php|access-date=2021-05-30|website=universitycompass.com}}</ref> a wani wurin da aka raba tare da Makarantar Grammar Abeokuta, kafin ta koma matsuguni a 1978 a Osiele. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2020, an rufe cibiyar tsawon makwanni biyu lokacin da ma’aikaci ya mutu sakamakon bullowar cutar rikice-rikicen COVID-19 sannan wasu biyu sun gwada ingancin kwayar cutar. ==Kwasa-kwasai== Cibiyar tana ba da darussa da yawa a ƙarƙashin Makarantu masu zuwa; * Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyyar Zamantakewa * Makarantar Ilimi * Makarantar Harsuna * Makarantar Kimiyya * Makarantar Nazarin Sana'o'i ==Wani tsarin== Cibiyar kuma tana ba ɗalibai damar samun gogewa a fannonin karatun su daban-daban ta hanyar shirin SIWES. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [http://www.fce-abeokuta.edu.ng/ Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Gidan Yanar Gizo na Abeokuta] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170522092054/http://fceabeokutaportal.org/ Shafin yanar gizo] ji526t5ib65vu9sfzlrrguz6hbztk7e 0 26542 548065 492985 2024-11-29T03:10:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Nthati Moshesh and Jessye Lapenn Chargé d'Affaires.jpg|thumb|moshesh]] '''Nthati Moshesh,''' (an [[Haifa Rahim|haife]] ta 28 ga [[Wasanni|watan]] [[Ogusta|Agusta]] a [[Shekara|shikara]] na [[1967 a Najeriya|1969]]) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Afirka ta Kudu. An zaɓe ta a matsayin Kyautar Kwalejin [[Fina-Finan Hausa|Fina]]-[[Fina-Finan Hausa|Finan]] Afirka don Mafi kyawun Jaruma a Matsayin Taimakawa a cikin 2016. == Sana'a == [[Fayil:Actress Nthati Moshesh with Professor Tawana Kupe.jpg|thumb|Nthati Moshesh a gefe ]] Da take magana da ENCA kan abubuwan da ta fi so a fina-finai da talabijin, ta bayyana cewa ba ta sukar yadda ake amfani da kafar talabijin, muddin ana isar da sakon. Ta yi aiki a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen tv Soja Soja da Harkokin Gida da kuma karamin jerin Talabijin na Dan Adam . Duk da haka, ta bayyana cewa shirye-shiryen fim na buƙatar ƙarin ƙwarewa, kuma ta fi son fasahar da ke tattare da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.enca.com/life/%E2%80%9Cit%E2%80%99s-not-about-you-what-you-represent%E2%80%9D-nthati-moshesh |title=It's not about you, but what you represent' - Nthati Moshesh |date=August 16, 2013 |website=ENCA |access-date=2017-11-12 |archive-date=2014-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626060542/http://www.enca.com/life/%E2%80%9Cit%E2%80%99s-not-about-you-what-you-represent%E2%80%9D-nthati-moshesh |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2014, an ba da rahoton cewa ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin simintin gyare-gyare a cikin ''sabulun Saint and Sinners'', wanda ke tashi akan Mzanzi Magic. A cikin 2015, ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ayanda'', wanda ya buɗe bikin fina-finai na Durban na 36th. Ta kuma samu nadin nata na farko na AMAA mafi kyawun jarumai saboda rawar da ta taka a fim. A cikin 2016, ta lashe mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a lambar yabo ta jagoranci a 2016 na Afirka ta Kudu Film and Television Awards.<ref name="two">{{Cite web |url=http://www.destinyconnect.com/2014/08/07/my-acting-careers-been-revived-nthathi-moshesh/ |title=My acting career's been revived |last=BULELWA |first=DAYIMANI |date=August 7, 2014 |website=destinyconnect.com |access-date=2017-11-12 |archive-date=2018-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180327023510/http://www.destinyconnect.com/2014/08/07/my-acting-careers-been-revived-nthathi-moshesh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ayanda-movie-starring-oc-ukeje-to-open-durban-film-festival-id3839056.html |title=Movie starring OC Ukeje to open Durban Film Festival |date=June 8, 2015 |website=Pulse |access-date=2017-11-12 |archive-date=2018-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326202809/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ayanda-movie-starring-oc-ukeje-to-open-durban-film-festival-id3839056.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/05/amaa-2016-adesua-etomi-oc-ukeje-set-make-history/ |title=AMAA 2016: Adesua Etomi, OC Ukeje set to make history again |website=Vanguard |date=20 May 2016 |access-date=2017-11-12}}</ref> A cikin wata kasida daga Afrilu 2019, ta yi magana game da gwagwarmayar da ta yi a cikin shekarar da ta gabata ba ta aiki tsawon watanni takwas amma yanzu ta dawo kan allo a matsayin shugabar kungiyar asiri, Masabatha, kan wasan kwaikwayo na gidan yari, Lockdown.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://citizen.co.za/lifestyle/your-life-entertainment-your-life/1043128/local-film-and-tv-stars-celebrated-at-saftas/ |title=Local film and TV stars celebrated at Saftas |date=March 20, 2016 |website=Citizen |access-date=2017-11-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-04-29-nthati-moshesh-on-being-broke-i-was-relying-on-my-family-for-handouts/|title = Nthati Moshesh on being broke: 'I was relying on my family for handouts'}}</ref> === Filmography zaba === * ''Cape of Good Hope'' * ''Whiskey Echo'' * ''Beat the Drum'' * ''Kini and Adams'' * ''The Long Run'' * ''Ayanda'' == Rayuwar mutum == Bayan rasuwar ƴar wasan fim, Mary Makgatho, ta amince da tasirin da jarumar ke yi a masana’antar. An ba da rahoton cewa tana ɗaya daga cikin baƙi na farko da suka kammala karatun Arts daga Technikon Natal. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan fim]] efjishd8wg5sb63467x0waw79a53uch 0 26910 547699 505393 2024-11-28T19:37:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Trabzon Ahi Evren Dede Mosque 4877.jpg|thumb|hoton masalaci dede]] '''Dede One Day''' (an haife shi '''Peter Onwuzurike Onyehidelam''' ; ya mutu 14 Disamba 2015) ɗan wasan barkwanci ne kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/02/imo-agn-holds-candle-night-for-dede-one-day/|title=Imo AGN holds candle night for Dede-One-Day|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Njoku|first=Benjamin|date=13 February 2016|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> == Rayuwa == Dede One Day ɗan asalin Umuagwuru Mbieri ne a [[Imo|jihar Imo]] amma an haife shi kuma ya girma a [[Aba]], wani gari a [[Abiya|jihar Abia]], Najeriya. Sana'ar sa ta taka rawar gani a kan fitowar sa na wasan ''barkwanci na Laugh With Me''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailymail.com.ng/peter-onwuzurike-known-as-dede-one-daybrief-profilebiographyhistory-of-nollywood-comic-star-dede-one-dedebrief-profilehistory-of-nollywood-comic-star-dede-one-dede/|title=Brief Profile/Biography/History Of Nollywood Comic Star Peter Onwuzurike known as "Dede one day"|work=Daily Mail Nigeria|date=14 December 2016|accessdate=25 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419141617/http://dailymail.com.ng/peter-onwuzurike-known-as-dede-one-daybrief-profilebiographyhistory-of-nollywood-comic-star-dede-one-dedebrief-profilehistory-of-nollywood-comic-star-dede-one-dede/|archive-date=19 April 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://expressng.com/2015/12/dede-one-day-how-nollywood-actor-collapsed-on-stage-and-died-hours-later/|title=Dede One Day: How Nollywood Actor Collapsed On Stage And Died Hours Later|work=[[Entertainment Express]]|last=Peace|first=Okechukwu|date=15 December 2016|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Dede One Day ya rasu ne da sanyin safiyar ranar 14 ga watan Disamba 2015 bayan da ya fadi kasa a lokacin da yake yin wani biki a Aba, sakamakon fama da cutar hawan jini.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2016/01/05/nollywood-actor-dede-one-day-to-be-buried-february-13/|title=Nollywood actor, Dede One Day to be buried February 13|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|last=Godwin|first=Ameh Comrade|date=5 January 2016|accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/dede-one-day-popular-comic-actor-reported-dead-after-performance-at-event-id4463119.html|title=Ded One Day:Popular comic actor reported dead after performance at event|work=Pulse Nigeria|last=Egbo|first=Vwovwe|date=14 December 2015|accessdate=25 April 2016|archive-date=11 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711191254/http://www.pulse.ng/celebrities/dede-one-day-popular-comic-actor-reported-dead-after-performance-at-event-id4463119.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Finafinan da yayi == * ''Keke Sojoji'' * ''Iron Pant'' Ma'aikacin gawawwaki * ''Corporate Beggars'' * ''My Class Mate'' * ''Professional Beggars'' * ''Village Musicians'' * ''Senior Officer'' * ''Joseph Oro Nro'' * ''Village lawyer'' * Shoe shiner == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2015]] [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] jcdzkoczbpzdog7ldsr6uud5p8uk8ih 0 27245 548046 516978 2024-11-29T00:45:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Majid Michael.jpg|thumb|Majid Michel]] '''Majid Michel''' (an Haife shi a ranar 22 Satumban shekarar 1980) ɗan [[Ghana|wasan Ghana]] ne, abin koyi, halayen talabijin, mai bishara kuma ɗan agaji. An kaddamar dashi a cikin daya daga cikin wanda suka cancanci kyautar ''[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor in a Leading Role]]'' a Afirka Movie Academy Awards a shekara ta 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014 da 2017.<ref name="amaa1">{{cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|title=AMAA 2009: List of Winners and Nominees|access-date=17 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="site1">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/music/6625/3/people-think-im-a-womanizer-majid-micheal.html|title=Interview with Majid at ModernGhana.com, 2008|access-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> A karshe ya lashe kyautar ne a shekarar 2012 bayan an zabe shi sau uku a jere.<ref name="Opurum">{{cite news |url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/rita-dominic-wins-best-actress |title=Rita Dominic wins best actress |last=Opurum |first=Nkechi |date=23 April 2012 |work=[[Daily Times of Nigeria|Daily Times]] |access-date=23 April 2012 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426231657/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/rita-dominic-wins-best-actress |archive-date=26 April 2012 |archivedate=26 April 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426231657/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/rita-dominic-wins-best-actress }}</ref><ref name="Alonge">{{cite news|url=http://thenetng.com/2012/04/23/rita-dominic-majid-michel-win-big-at-amaa-2012/|title=Rita Dominic, Majid Michel win big at AMAA 2012|last=Alonge|first=Osagie|date=23 April 2012|work=Nigerian Entertainment|access-date=23 April 2012|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Michel ne a [[Cantonments, Accra|Cantonments]], wani yanki na babban birnin [[Accra|Ghana Accra]].<ref name="site1" /> Ubansa ya kasance dan asalin kasar Lebanon ne kuma uwarsa ’yar Ghana ce, ya girma a babban birnin Accra tare da ‘yan uwansa guda tara. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Theresa, daga baya, makarantar Mfantsipim, almater na Van Vicker da kuma na tsohon Sakatare-Janar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] [[Kofi Annan]]. A makarantar sakandare, Michel ya taka rawa sosai a wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya kasance memba na kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta makarantar. A matsayinsa na memba na kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo, ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Jarumi (Best Actor) a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasannin da suka yi a ranar 'Yanci a Cape Coast, Ghana. <ref name="site1" /> == Sana'a == Michel ya zama ƙwararren dan wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar talla ga ma'aikatar tallac-tallace; wani makwabcinsa ya gabatar da shi ga wannan hukumar. An gayyace shi ya shiga hukumar yin tallan kayan kawa, Super Model Agency, bisa umarnin makwabcinsa na gaba. Ya alamar tauraro a cikin jerin talabijin ''Abubuwan da Muke Yi don Ƙauna'', yana samun laƙabinsa "Shaker" akan saitin. Matsayinsa a cikin ''Abubuwan da Muke Yi don Soyayya'' wani yaro ɗan ƙasar Lebanon ne zai taka shi, kuma Michel ya ba da gudummawar saboda gadonsa na Lebanon. A wata hira da ya yi da ''gidan rediyon Star FM Ghana na'' shekarar 2017, Majid ya bayyana cewa bai samu rawar da ya taka a fim din farko da ya fara haskawa ba saboda rashin kyawun wasan kwaikwayo daga gare shi, inda ya bayyana sha'awar yin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin abin da ya sa ya ci gaba da ci gaba a harkar fim. masana'antar fim.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://starrfmonline.com/2017/10/05/failed-first-audition-majid-michel/ |title=I Failed My First Audition – Majid Michel |access-date=14 October 2017 |archive-date=14 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014234051/http://starrfmonline.com/2017/10/05/failed-first-audition-majid-michel/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=14 October 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014234051/http://starrfmonline.com/2017/10/05/failed-first-audition-majid-michel/ }}</ref> ''Shirin fim din Things We Do For Love'' ya janyo mai nasara kuma yasa ya zamo babban tauraro. A ka dalilin kwarewa da ya nuna a shirin, an saka shi a jagoran fim dinsa na farko, ''Divine Love'', a matsayin jagora namiji, tare da Jackie Aygemang a matsayin jagorar mata, tare da Van Vicker a cikin rawar goyon baya. Dukansu ukun sun yi amfani da rawar da suka taka a fim din wajen fara sana’arsu ta fim. ''Ƙaunar Allahntaka'' babbar nasara ce, ta mai da Majid Michel, Jackie Agyemang da Van Vicker zuwa sunayen gida a fadin Ghana.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2014}} A cikin 2008, Michel ya yi tauraro a matsayin jagora na gaba a cikin fim ɗin ''Agony of the Christ'', wanda ya karɓi nadi bakwai a lambar yabo a Africa Movie Academy Awards a 2009. A watan Oktoban 2017, Majid ya bayyana cewa ana biyansa akalla dala 15,000 a matsayin wanda zai taka rawar gani a fim, ya kuma bayyana cewa ya samu kudi har dala 35,000 don yin fim.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/majid-michel-actor-reveals-how-much-he-charges-for-a-movie-role-id7420017.html |title=Actor reveals how much he charges for a movie role |website=Pulse |access-date=14 October 2017}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, Majid ya bayyana cewa, duk da cewa yana taka rawa a fina-finai, bai taba yin jima'i da wata 'yar fim ba. A watan Oktoban 2017, Majid ya bayyana a wata hira da aka yi da shi a gidan rediyo cewa saboda akidarsa ta addini, ba zai daina yarda da wasan kwaikwayon da ke bukatar ya sumbaci saiti ba. === Nasibi da nasara a Nollywood === Michel yana daya daga cikin ’yan wasan Ghana da suka shiga harkar fim a lokacin da Frank Rajah Arase ya kulla yarjejeniya da Abdul Salam Mumuni na Ghana na kamfanin Fina-finan Venus. Ainihin kwangilar ta ƙunshi shigar da ƴan wasan Ghana a cikin [[Nollywood|masana'antar fina-]] finan Nollywood da kuma sanya su kasance da ƙarfin tauraro mai kama da ƴan wasan Najeriya. Fina-finan da aka yi a ƙarƙashin wannan kwangilar da aka nuna Michel sun haɗa da: ''Laifi ga Kristi'' (2007), ''Azaba na Almasihu'' (2008), ''Zuciyar Maza'' (2009), ''Wasan'' (2010) da ''Wanene Yake Sona?'' (2010) da sauransu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |title=How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars – Frank Rajah Arase |publisher=citypeoplemagazine.com.ng |access-date=16 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |archivedate=19 August 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html }}</ref> Michel ya fara fitowa a Nollywood na Najeriya a cikin dan wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na 2009, ''Emerald'', yana taka rawar gani tare da [[Genevieve Nnaji]]. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://nollywoodforever.com/emerald/ | title=Emerald | publisher=NollywoodForever | date=3 August 2009 | access-date=12 February 2015 | archive-date=13 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213033257/http://nollywoodforever.com/emerald/ | url-status=dead | archivedate=13 February 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213033257/http://nollywoodforever.com/emerald/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2012/05/emerald.html | title=Emerald | publisher=[[Nollywood Reinvented]] | date=27 May 2012 | access-date=12 February 2015}}</ref> Yayin da aka yaba wa aikin Majid, tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran sinadarai na kan allo tare da Nnaji, fim ɗin ya sami cikas ga ra'ayoyi mara kyau. Duk da haka, fim ɗin ''Silent Scandals'' na 2009 ya sa Majid ya shahara a Najeriya;<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/18785/16/vivian-ejikes-silent-scandals.html | title=Vivian Ejike's Silent Scandals | publisher=Nigeria Films | date=7 September 2012 | access-date=12 February 2015 | author=Alonge, Michael | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213031414/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/18785/16/vivian-ejikes-silent-scandals.html | archive-date=13 February 2015 | archivedate=13 February 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213031414/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/18785/16/vivian-ejikes-silent-scandals.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2009/12/14/the-next-big-nollywood-hit-silent-scandals-premieres-in-lagos/ | title=The Next Big Nollywood Hit: Silent Scandals premieres in Lagos | publisher=bellanaija.com | date=14 December 2009 | access-date=12 February 2015}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya sami babban bita mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci don ƙimarsa mai girma da kuma aikin Michel, tare da ƙarfin sinadarai na kan allo tare da Genevieve Nnaji.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2012/05/silent-scandals.html | title=Silent Scandals | publisher=Nollywood Reinvented | date=23 May 2012 | access-date=12 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://myafricanmoviereviews.blogspot.com/2009/12/silent-scandal-excellent-movie-starring.html | title=SILENT SCANDAL (Excellent Movie Starring Genevieve Nnaji) | publisher=African Movie Reviews | date=17 February 2010 | access-date=12 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://movieevolution.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/silent-scandal/#sthash.AgEuFpZM.dpbs | title=SILENT SCANDALS | publisher=Covenant University | access-date=12 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213030455/http://movieevolution.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/silent-scandal/#sthash.AgEuFpZM.dpbs | archive-date=13 February 2015 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all | archivedate=13 February 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213030455/http://movieevolution.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/silent-scandal/#sthash.AgEuFpZM.dpbs }}</ref> ''Nollywood Forever'' Comments: "Karfin sa [Michel] ya ta'allaka ne a idanunsa kuma yana amfani da shi sosai don haka a iya fahimtar cewa koyaushe yana samun rawar da soyayya da mata da lalatar su ke taka rawa sosai".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nollywoodforever.com/silent-scandals/ | title=Silent Scandals | publisher=Nollywood Forever | date=22 December 2009 | access-date=12 February 2015 | archive-date=26 December 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226102337/http://nollywoodforever.com/silent-scandals/ | url-status=dead | archivedate=26 December 2014 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226102337/http://nollywoodforever.com/silent-scandals/ }}</ref> A wannan shekarar, an fitar da wani fim mai nuna Michel, <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.modernghana.com/music/10839/3/madjid-ramzy-star-in-guilty-pleasures.html | title=Madjid, Ramzy star in ''Guilty Pleasures'' | publisher=ModernGhana | date=8 January 2010 | access-date=12 February 2015 | author=Twum, Chris}}</ref>''Guilty Pleasures'' ; ''Abubuwan jin daɗi na Laifi'' akan sakin sun hadu tare da sake dubawa gabaɗaya, tare da yabo ga aikin Michel shima. Ya ci gaba da wannan yanayin mai fa'ida a cikin 2010, inda ya yi tauraro tare da Genevieve Nnaji sau ɗaya a cikin ''Bursting Out'', wani fim wanda ya haɗu da sake dubawa mai mahimmanci. Michel ya yi magana sosai a kafafen yada labarai lokacin da ya fara aikinsa a Najeriya; Ya furta a cikin wata hira da cewa a karon farko da ya sadu da Genevieve, "komai ya tsaya cak"; Tauraro ya buga har ya yarda akan ya riqe mata jakarta kuma ya zama mataimakinta na kusa A wata hira da ya yi, ya bayyana cewa Genevieve Nnaji ita ce ta fi kowa kisser a harkar fim. Ya kuma bayyana a cikin wata hira da cewa Genevieve ya koya masa "yadda ake yin wasan kwaikwayo", kuma ya nuna a wata hira da cewa Ghana ba ta da masana'antar fim. Duk wadannan, tare da bayyananniyar rawar da ya taka a fina-finai sun sanya shi samun cece-kuce a kodayaushe a lokacin farkonsa. A karshen shekarar 2010, an ruwaito cewa jarumin na hutu ne daga Najeriya, bayan da wasu abokan aikinsa na Najeriya suka yi masa barazanar kisa, wadanda suke ganin yana samun ayyuka da yawa. A wannan lokacin, ya koma Ghana inda ya fito a fina-finai kamar ''[[4 Play (fim)|4 Play]]'' (2010) da na ''4 Play Reloaded'' (2011).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2015}} A shekara ta 2012, ya fito a cikin fim din yaki ''Somewhere in Africa'', ya fito a matsayin azzalumi. Duk da cewa fim din bai taka rawar gani sosai ba, rawar da Michel ya taka ya samu yabo sosai, kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Afirka Movie Academy a karon farko. Hakan ya sake kaddamar da sana’arsa a Najeriya inda tun daga nan ya zama tauraro kuma ya yi fice a fina-finan Najeriya. A cikin 2014, ya yi aiki tare a cikin kowane lokaci blockbuster ''30 Days a Atlanta'' wanda ya samu da Nigerian Cinema Exhibition Coalition ya jera shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi girma a akwatin kifaye na 2014. Sauran fina-finai na 2014 da ke nuna Michel sun hada da: ''Mantawa Yuni'', wanda aka sadu da gabaɗaya mara kyau. Duk da haka ya fito a cikin ''Knocking on Heaven's Door'' da kuma''[[Being Mrs Elliot]]'', dukansu biyu suna taka rawa da kyau a harkokin fina-finansu, a kasuwance da mahimmance. == Fina-Finan 'Dan wasa == {{columns-list|* ''[[Things We Do for Love (Ghanaian TV series)|Things We Do For Love]]'' * ''[[Chelsea (film)|Chelsea]]'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (film)|Agony of Christ]]'' * ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]'' * ''Shakira'' * ''Evil Doctor's Do'' * ''[[The Game (2010 film)|The Game]]'' * ''[[Bursting Out]]'' * ''[[4 Play (film)|4 Play]]'' * ''4 Play Reloaded'' * ''[[A Sting in a Tale]]'' * ''[[Silent Scandals]]'' (2009) * ''Passion of the Soul'' * ''Crime to Christ'' * ''Royal Battle'' * ''Divine Love'' * ''Gangster'' * ''[[Guilty Pleasures (2009 film)|Guilty Pleasure]]'' (2009) * ''Tears of a Womanhood'' * ''St. Michael'' * ''Shattered Mirror'' * ''Save the Prince'' * ''The Beast'' * ''Royal Madness'' * ''Her Excellency'' * ''Reason to Kill'' * ''Blood of Fire'' * ''Final Crisis'' * ''Captain'' * ''Under the Sky'' * ''The Three Widows'' * ''Professional Lady'' * ''[[House of Gold (film)|House of Gold]]'' (2013) * ''[[Nation Under Siege]]'' (2013) * ''[[Forgetting June]]'' * ''Matters Arising'' (2014) * ''[[Knocking on Heaven's Door (2014 film)|Knocking on Heaven's Door]]'' (2014) * ''[[Being Mrs Elliot]]'' (2014) * ''[[30 Days in Atlanta]]'' (2014) * ''[[Brother's Keeper (2014 film)|Brother's Keeper]]'' (2014) * ''[[Champagne (2014 film)|Champagne]]'' (2014) * ''[[Road to Yesterday (film)|Road to Yesterday]]'' (2015) with [[Genevieve Nnaji]] and [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] * ''Bishop Jerry'' (Nigerian Movie) (2015) * ''Amuma" (Nigerian Movie) (2015),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/bishop-jerry-check-out-beverly-naya-and-majid-michel-in-new-movie-id3631808.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=4 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150048/http://pulse.ng/movies/bishop-jerry-check-out-beverly-naya-and-majid-michel-in-new-movie-id3631808.html |archive-date=10 May 2017 |url-status=dead |archivedate=10 May 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150048/http://pulse.ng/movies/bishop-jerry-check-out-beverly-naya-and-majid-michel-in-new-movie-id3631808.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weBe9ob4LS8 | title=Amuma [Official Trailer] Latest 2015 Nigerian Nollywood Drama Movie | publisher=irokotv | date=12 May 2015 | via=Youtube | access-date=2 August 2020 }}</ref> * ''[[The Department (film)|The Department]]'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title='The Department' Watch Osas Ighodaro, OC Ukeje, Majid Michel in trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|access-date=16 January 2015|archive-date=20 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320235945/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''The Mad Man I Love'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title=Majid Michel goes 'Crazy' in New Movie "Mad Man I Love"|url=http://www.naijaurban.com/majid-michel-crazy-movie-mad-man-i-love/|website=Naijaurban|publisher=Naijaurban|access-date=23 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143319/http://www.naijaurban.com/majid-michel-crazy-movie-mad-man-i-love/|archive-date=28 May 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|archivedate=28 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143319/http://www.naijaurban.com/majid-michel-crazy-movie-mad-man-i-love/}}</ref> * ''[[Shattered Lives]]'' (2016)<ref>{{cite web|title=Trailer Shatta Wale, Bisa Kdei, Majid Michel, star in new movie "Shattered Lives"|url=http://pulse.com.gh/movies/trailer-shatta-wale-bisa-kdei-majid-michel-star-in-new-movie-shattered-lives-id4523160.html|website=Pulse.com.gh|publisher=David Mawuli|access-date=11 February 2016|archive-date=1 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301085731/http://pulse.com.gh/movies/trailer-shatta-wale-bisa-kdei-majid-michel-star-in-new-movie-shattered-lives-id4523160.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[Yolo (Ghanaian TV series)|Yolo]]'' * ''Deepest Cut'' (2018)|colwidth=30em}} == Rayuwa == Majid Michel yana da aure kuma yana da ‘ya’ya uku. A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2015, ya bayyana cewa matar sa na shekaru 10 ce dalilin nasararsa. Kuma ya ambaci Allah kaɗai ne maimakonta a gareshi. Ya sabunta alkawarin aurensu a shekaran. Majid Kirista ne mai yakini. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2016, ya kasance baƙo mai hidima a wata majami'a inda ya raba kalmar Ubangiji kuma ya yi ceto ga mutane. Da yake magana da Joy FM a Ghana, Majid ya bayyana sabuwar rayuwarsa ta ruhaniya a matsayin "gaskiya kuma wahayi daga fahimtarsa daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki". A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2017, ya bayyana cewa dangantakarsa da Allah ta yi hasarar wasu abokansa. Ya ci gaba da bayyana cewa abokansa na yanzu suna ƙudurta ta wurin hangen nesa daga Allah. A cikin wa'azi na 2017 na bikin Ista, Majid ya taƙaita dukan jigon gicciye Kristi a matsayin "kashe wariyar launin fata, ƙiyayya, hassada, kishi, girman kai, yaki da ikon aljanu tare da rayuwa mai sauƙi mai cike da alheri". A watan Oktoban 2017, Majid ya bayyana cewa Allah ya yi amfani da shi wajen yin abubuwan al'ajabi ga mutane. A kan al'aura, Majid ya bayyana aikin a matsayin zunubi ga Allah. Ya ci gaba da bayyana cewa, babu makawa mutum ya shiga aikin akalla sau daya a rayuwarsa. Ya kuma bayyana cewa ya taba zama wanda aka zalunta a shekarunsa na karami amma yana karfafa wa matasa gwiwa da su daina hakan. A yayin muhawarar kafofin watsa labarun tare da Majid bai yarda da tsarin daina bada zakka ba. Majid ya bayar da hujjar cewa zakka ba koyarwar tsohon alkawari ba ce. Maimakon haka, ya ce a ba da zakka ga coci don taimakon matalauta. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Majid Michel at IMDb * {{Twitter|majid_michel}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Mutanen Ghana]] [[Category:Kiristocin Kasar Ghana]] [[Category:'Yan wasan kwaikwayo 'yan asalin kasar Ghana na karni na 21.]] [[Category:Tsaffin daliban makarantan Mfantsipim]] [[Category:Wanda ya lashe kyautar Africa Movie Academy Award]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Category:Rayyayun Mutane]] [[Category:Mutanen Ghana masu asalin tsatson Lebanon]] [[Category:Ajiyayyen kundi]] [[Category:Mukalai masu matattun mahadan waje a Nuwamba]] [[Category:Daukakin mukalai masu matattun mahada]] cr60cguz3r9fc3hhf3s2l69w2k10x0b 0 27301 547705 135616 2024-11-28T19:42:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Diary of a Lagos''''' 2016 fim ne na [[Nollywood]]. Fim ɗin ya ba da labarin wata yarinya Legas da ke neman Mista Right - wani mutum da komai ya tafi masa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diary-of-a-lagos-girl-movie-starring-alexx-ekubo-dolapo-oni-liz-benson-premieres-in-lagos-id4647767.html|title="Diary of a Lagos Girl": Movie starring Alexx Ekubo, Dolapo Oni, Liz Benson premieres in Lagos|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-11-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118083341/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diary-of-a-lagos-girl-movie-starring-alexx-ekubo-dolapo-oni-liz-benson-premieres-in-lagos-id4647767.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=IBAKATV - NOLLYWOOD|title=Diary Of A Lagos Girl - Latest Intriguing Nollywood Movie 2017 {{!}} Dolapo Oni {{!}} Alex Ekubo{{!}}|date=2017-12-27|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YjFhoNhcEoc|access-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * Alexx Ekubo * [[Linda Ejiofor]] * Dolapo Oni * Liz Amaye == Magana == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|6579986}} [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] rdxxfa8lgb1c71r824tb99ecnk0eh23 0 27332 547821 464214 2024-11-28T21:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Heaven On My Mind,''''' fim ɗin [[Najeriya a gasar Commonwealth ta 2022|Najeriya]] ne na 2018 wanda Nneka Ojor ta shirya kuma ta rubuta tare da Uche Jombo a matsayin abokin haɗin gwiwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2018/10/coming-soon-heaven-on-my-mind.html|title=COMING SOON: Heaven On My Mind|last=nollywoodreinvented|date=2018-10-29|website=Nollywood REinvented|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/uche-jombo-studio-releases-trailer-for-new-movie-heaven-on-my-mind/y8t41sy|title=Uche Jombo Studio releases trailer for new movie, 'Heaven on my mind'|date=2018-10-19|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14|archive-date=2019-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218170750/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/uche-jombo-studio-releases-trailer-for-new-movie-heaven-on-my-mind/y8t41sy|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Labari == Fim ɗin ya ba da labarin wani matashi mai suna Ben Peter wanda ya ɗauki aure a matsayin salon rayuwa da kasuwanci har sai da ya haɗu da adaidaita sahu mai suna sama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/showbiz/african-showbiz-news/uche-jombo-debuts-new-movie-heaven-on-my-mind.html|title=Uche Jombo debuts new movie ‘Heaven On My Mind’|website=Graphic Showbiz Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=HEAVEN ON MY MIND 1 - 2018 NIGERIAN MOVIES{{!}} 2019 NEW NIGERIAN MOVIES HD|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1gmBtk2kGw|language=en|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * [[Adunni Ade]] * [[Femi Adebayo]] * [[Mercy Aigbe]] * [[Ini Edo|Ina Edo]] * Ray Emodi * Swanky Jerry * [[Uche Jombo]] * Eric Ogbonna * Princewill == Manazarta== {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|tt9219740}} [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] n7aefgdclrosi44x8d0xuzl58fs8c2f 0 27349 548035 457991 2024-11-29T00:19:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Lara and the Beat''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2018 na Najeriya, wanda Tosin Coker ya ba da umarni, tare da [[Seyi Shay]], Vector, [[Somkele Iyamah]], Wale Ojo, [[Sharon Ooja]], [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da [[Uche Jombo]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Njoku |first1=Benjamin |title=Music meets movie in 'Lara and The Beat' |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/07/music-meets-movie-in-lara-and-the-beat/ |website=Vanguard |accessdate=1 September 2018 |date=21 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ukiwe |first1=Urenna |title=Meet The Cast Of Lara And The Beat |url=https://guardian.ng/life/meet-the-cast-of-lara-and-the-beat/ |accessdate=1 September 2018 |work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]] |date=1 July 2018 |archive-date=1 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901215715/https://guardian.ng/life/meet-the-cast-of-lara-and-the-beat/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fim ɗin ya fito a ranar 8 ga Yulin shekarar 2018.<ref>{{cite news |title=World premiere celebrates best of Nollywood afrobeat |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lara-and-the-beat-world-premiere-celebrates-best-of-nollywood-id8600132.html |accessdate=1 September 2018 |work=Pulse |date=10 July 2018 |archive-date=1 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901215700/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lara-and-the-beat-world-premiere-celebrates-best-of-nollywood-id8600132.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lara and the Beat labari ne mai zuwa na zamani game da kyawawan Giwa Sisters wasu ƴan uwa mata da aka kama a tsakiyar wata badakalar kudi tare da iyayensu da suka mutu a kafafen yada labarai. An tilasta wa ƴan’uwa mata ficewa daga kumfa mai gata kuma dole ne su koyi gina nasu gaba da kuma ceto gadar danginsu ta hanyar kiɗa da kasuwanci. == Ƴan wasa == * [[Seyi Shay]] a matsayin Lara Giwa * [[Somkele Iyamah]] a matsayin Dara Giwa * Vector a matsayin Sal Gomez (Mr Beats) * [[Chioma Chukwuka]] a matsayin Aunty Patience * [[Uche Jombo]] a matsayin Fadekemi West * [[Sharon Ooja]] a matsayin Ngozi * [[Shafy Bello]] a matsayin Jide's Mum * Saheed Balogun a matsayin shugaban hukumar * [[Kemi Lala Akindoju]] a matsayin Tonye * Ademola Adedoyin a matsayin Wale Ladejobi * [[Chinedu Ikedieze]] a matsayin Big Chi * Folu Storms kamar Tina * Bimbo Manuel a matsayin Uncle Richard * Wale Ojo a matsayin Uncle Tunde * Deyemi Okanlawon a matsayin Cashflow * DJ Xclusive a matsayin Jide == Magana == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|7819668}} [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] n7b40ejosvyhxicskmn29qxc1xr9b4s 0 27435 548113 445562 2024-11-29T06:09:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Wanene The Boss''''' fim ɗin barkwancin soyayya ne na Najeriya na shekarar 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo (Naz Onuzo) ta shirya kuma ya ba da umarni a farkon fitowar sa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Funke Akindele to start 2020 with Chinaza Onuzo's directorial debut, 'Who's the boss'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/funke-akindele-to-feature-in-chinaza-onuzos-directorial-debut-whos-the-boss/4x3cgxq|date=2019-12-11|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07|archive-date=2020-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211012142/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/funke-akindele-to-feature-in-chinaza-onuzos-directorial-debut-whos-the-boss/4x3cgxq|url-status=dead}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya haɗa da [[Sharon Ooja]], [[Funke Akindele]] da Blossom Chukwujekwu a cikin manyan jarumai. An ƙaddamar da fim ɗin ne a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2020 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web|title='Who's The Boss' is a romantic film of gaping flaws [Pulse review]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/whos-the-boss-is-a-romantic-film-of-gaping-flaws-pulse-review/5fywnqd|date=2020-03-02|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How upcoming Nollywood film, 'Who's The Boss' represents the modern Nigerian woman|url=https://thenativemag.com/communities/nollywood-imbibing-millenial-culture-latest-film-releases/|date=2020-01-14|website=The Native|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya wanke fitowar sa na wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2020 kuma ya buɗe don ingantaccen bita ya zama nasarar ofishin akwatin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who's The Boss: Funke Akindele looks like a boss in shimmering green as she joins other celebrities on the red carpet at the movie premiere|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/here-is-what-your-favourite-clebrity-wore-to-the-whos-the-boss-movie-premiere/w488xxj|date=2020-02-17|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Naz Onuzo's directorial debut movie 'Who's The Boss' premieres in Lagos [Photos]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/naz-onuzos-directorial-debut-movie-whos-the-boss-premieres-in-lagos-photos/jq09syb|date=2020-02-17|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Red looks we love from the 'Who's The Boss' movie premiere|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/red-looks-we-love-from-the-whos-the-boss-movie-premiere/tzpc5yt|date=2020-02-18|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> == Yan wasa == * [[Sharon Ooja]] a matsayin Liah * [[Funke Akindele]] a matsayin Hauwa * Blossom Chukwujekwu a matsayin Lekan * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Jumoke * [[Beverly Osu]] * Bolly Lomo * Tayo Faniran == Taƙaitaccen bayani == Liah (Sharon Ooja), wata matashiyar zartaswar hukumar tallace-tallace an tilastawa ƙirƙiro maigida don hana mai aikinta gano lokacin da fara aikinta da hukumar ta samu babbar yarjejeniya. Al'amura sun fara tafiya daga mummunan yanayi zuwa mummunan yanayin yayin da take ƙara samun nasara kuma dole ne ta nisantar da maigidanta daga ganowa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COMING SOON: Who's The Boss?|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/02/coming-soon-whos-the-boss.html|last=nollywoodreinvented|date=2020-02-07|website=Nollywood REinvented|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> == Shiryawa == Wanda ya kafa kamfanin Inkblot Productions, Chinaza Onuzo wanda ya yi fice a matsayin marubuci a fitattun fina-finai irin su ''The Wedding Party 2'',<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naz Onuzo opens up on first time directing, Nollywood investors, critics and new film 'Who's the Boss' [Pulse Interview]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/naz-onuzo-opens-up-on-first-time-directing-nollywood-investors-critics-and-new-film/evgbh0q|date=2020-02-20|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Who is the Boss?|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/01/11/who-is-the-boss/|last=editor|date=2020-01-11|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> ya fara fitowa a matsayin darakta ta wannan fim kuma ya sanar da shi a cikin asusunsa na [[Instagram|Instagram.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inkblot Productions unveils official teaser for "Who's The Boss"|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/whos-the-boss-inkblot-productions-unveils-official-teaser-for-12th-film/2s1xy12|date=2020-01-10|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> Wannan fim shine fim na 12 da aka shirya a ƙarƙashin tutar samarwa Inkblot Productions.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Check out teaser for ''Who's The Boss'' - P.M. News|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/01/10/check-out-teaser-for-whos-the-boss/|website=www.pmnewsnigeria.com|date=10 January 2020|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> An buɗe teaser na fim ɗin a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inkblot productions to premier 'Who's The Boss' movie|url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/inkblot-productions-to-premier-whos-the-boss-movie/|date=2020-02-06|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] j7h0l0pbj6jgxbfe0k3tmmsn8be20x6 0 27523 548068 232227 2024-11-29T03:18:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Okechukwu Anthony Onyegbule''' (haife Oktoba 23, 1969), aka fi sani da '''Okey Bakassi''' ne a Nijeriya tsayawar-up ƴar kamanci da actor.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/02/ill-always-be-a-politician-okey-bakassi/|title=I’ll always be a politician – Okey Bakassi|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last1=Egole|first1=Anozie|last2=Arenyeka|first2=Laju|date=3 February 2013|accessdate=29 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/comedian-okey-bakassi-grass-stardom/|title=Comedian Okey Bakassi, from grass to stardom|work=Newswatch Times|last=Adegun|first=Aanu|date=5 December 2013|accessdate=29 March 2016|archive-date=20 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120174949/http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/comedian-okey-bakassi-grass-stardom|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2014, ya lashe kyautar "Best Actor in a Leading Role (Igbo)" category shekarar 2014 na Best of Nollywood Awards saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din ''Onye Ozi''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2014-tope-tedela-ivie-okujaye-silence-win-big-id3205982.html|title=Tope Tedela, Ivie Okujaye, 'Silence' Win Big|work=Pulse Nigeria|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=17 October 2014|accessdate=29 March 2016|archive-date=5 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405153702/http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2014-tope-tedela-ivie-okujaye-silence-win-big-id3205982.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.36ng.com.ng/2014/10/17/bon-awards-2014-complete-list-of-winners/|title=BON Awards 2014 Complete List Of Winners|work=36NG|last=Oleniju|first=Segun|date=17 October 2014|accessdate=29 March 2016}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == Okey Bakassi ya kasance yana son nishaɗantarwa duk da cewa Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar River River da ya karanta ba ta da sashen wasan kwaikwayo na Theatre. Okay Bakassi da wasu dalibai masu irin tunani da sha'awa sun hadu suka kafa ƙungiyar '''<nowiki/>'Theatre Kolleagues'''' da nufin yin wasa da nishadantar da al'ummar jami'a. Okey, bayan jami'a ya zo Legas sannan ya gana da fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai kuma darakta, Zeb Ejiro wanda a shekarar 1993 ya ba shi damarsa ta farko ta fitowa a wani shirin gidan talabijin na cibiyar sadarwa - 'Fortunes' inda ya yi wasa da Nick, ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron lafiyar Johnson. == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|okeybakassi.tv}} * {{IMDb name|nm2358951|Okey Bakassi}} [[Category:Mutanan Najeriya]] [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] 7ykl5f46vklp8whma93ao5j29an4fke 0 27562 548114 524366 2024-11-29T06:12:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Wole Ojo''' an haife shi 6 Yuni shekara ta 1984, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Wole Ojo |url=http://youthvillageng.com/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-wole-ojo/ |website=Youth Village Nigeria |accessdate=12 May 2017}}</ref> Ya shiga fagen wasan Najeriya ne a shekarar 2009, bayan ya ci nasara a bugu na huɗu na nunin akwatin gaskiya na Amstel Malta.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bada |first1=Gbenga |title=Wole Ojo: "Why I became an actor," "Maami" star reveals |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/wole-ojo-why-i-became-an-actor-maami-star-reveals-id4565394.html |website=Pulse Nigeria |accessdate=12 May 2017}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ya yi digirin farko a fannin ƙere-ƙere daga Jami'ar Legas . ==Fina-finai== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shekara !! Fim !! Matsayi !! Bayani |- | 2011|| ''[[Maami]]''|| Kashimawo || Wasan kwaikwayo |- | 2012|| ''When Fishes Drown'' || Tony || Wasan kwaikwayo |- | 2013|| ''Conversations at Dinner'' || Chidi Obi || Wasan kwaikwayo |- |rowspan="3"| 2014|| ''Umbara Point'' || Jelani || Tirela Fim |- | ''Perfect Union'' || Steve Kadiri || Wasan kwaikwayo |- | ''[[Brave (2014 film)|Brave]]'' || Nathan Doga || Gajeren fim |- |rowspan="3"| 2015|| ''The MatchMaker'' || Bryan || Shirin soyayya |- | ''[[Out of Luck (2015 film)|Out of Luck]]'' || Seun || Wasan kwaikwayo |- | ''[[7 Inch Curve]]'' || Kamani || Drama |- |rowspan="2"| 2016|| ''Beyond Blood''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://entertainment.naij.com/733190-popular-actor-shares-challenges-faced-entertainer.html |title=Popular actor shares challenges faced as an entertainer |first=Ajomole |last=Helen |date=17 February 2016 |website=naij.com |accessdate=30 July 2017 |archive-date=31 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731063907/https://entertainment.naij.com/733190-popular-actor-shares-challenges-faced-entertainer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> || || [[romantic drama film]] |- | ''Entreat''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/entreat-watch-dakore-akande-alexx-ekubo-sadiq-daba-wole-ojo-in-star-studded-trailer-id4905488.html |title="Entreat": Watch Dakore Akande, Alexx Ekubo, Sadiq Daba, Wole Ojo in star studded trailer |first=Chidumga |last=Izuzu |website=pulse.ng |accessdate=30 July 2017 |archive-date=31 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731040406/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/entreat-watch-dakore-akande-alexx-ekubo-sadiq-daba-wole-ojo-in-star-studded-trailer-id4905488.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> || Segun Adeoye || Shirin Soyayya |- | 2018|| ''Bachelors eve''<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/254320-wole-ojo-kehinde-balogun-gbenro-ajibade-star-new-film-bachelors-eve.html|title=Wole Ojo, Kehinde Balogun, Gbenro Ajibade star in new film, “Bachelor’s Eve”|date=January 3, 2018|publisher=Premium Times|author=Jayne Augoye}}</ref>|| Uche ||Wasan kwaikwayo |- |} == Yabo == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Rukuni ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamako |- | 2010 | 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Jarumin Da Yafi Alkawari | Yaron |Tantancewa |- | 2014 | City People Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Sabon Jarumi (Yoruba) ||Tantancewa |- | 2013 | 2013 Nollywood Movies Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin (Dan Ƙasa) | ''Maami'' |Tantancewa |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | 2015 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin wasan kwaikwayo | Jarumi |Tantancewa |- | 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Gwarzon Jarumin Shekara (Nollywood) | Jarumi |Tantancewa |- |} == Magana == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] 3exlwjyvnxs9xmpalxwxtlrqeusgz0z 0 27590 547632 457930 2024-11-28T18:21:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Biodun Stephen''' darektan fina-finan Najeriya ne, marubuci kuma furodusa, wanda ya kware a wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya da fina-finan barkwanci. An lura da ita don samun kwarin gwiwa ga taken fina-finanta, daga manyan sunayen ''jarumai kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin fim din tare da Bagage na Tiwa'', ''Muryar Ovy'', ''Ehi's Bitters'' da ''Sobi's Mystic'' a matsayin misalai na musamman. == Rayuwa ta sirri da ilimi == Biodun Stephen yayi aure. Ita tsohuwar daliba ce a Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo, inda ta karanci falsafa. Bayan haka, ta sami horo mai amfani na shirya fina-finai a Kwalejin Fina-finai ta London.<ref name="tribune2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |title=Building and defining one's brand is quite challenging —Biodun Stephen Oladigbo |last=Gesinde |first=Tayo |date=25 February 2017 |website=Nigeria Tribune |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130033325/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="guardian1">{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/art/no-better-time-to-be-in-nollywood-than-now/ |title=No better time to be in Nollywood than now |last=Akutu |first=Geraldine |date=29 April 2018 |website=The Guardian |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030414/https://guardian.ng/art/no-better-time-to-be-in-nollywood-than-now/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Biodun Stephen ta fara aikin fim ne a cikin 2014, tare da sakin ''Ziyarar''. An yaba wa fim din don mafi karancin simintin gyare-gyare amma mai fahimi, da kuma labarin da asali. Ta samu nadi biyu a 2016 [[Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] a Legas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |title=Biodun Stephen is a consistent genius in romantic comedy storytelling |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=26 July 2017 |website=Pulse |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030448/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A yayin wata tattaunawa da jaridar Tribune kan bangarori daban-daban na sana'arta, ta tuna cewa wasan kwaikwayo shine "soyayya ta farko", amma ba ta sami ci gaba a ciki ba saboda haka ta yanke shawarar inganta ta hanyar samun sabbin dabaru a ƙasashen waje. Ta bayyana samar da kafar sadarwa da duniya a matsayin abin da ya sa ta tsunduma cikin harkar fim.<ref name="tribune1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/95423/ |title=Film-making makes me complete —Biodun Stephen |last=Ige |first=Rotimi |date=2 June 2017 |website=Daily Tribune |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130033323/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/95423/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2017, fim din Stephen, ''Picture Perfect ya'' karbi sunayen biyar, kuma ya lashe lambar yabo biyu a 2017 Best of Nollywood Awards, don nau'o'in mafi kyawun dan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin jagorancin jagoranci (Bolanle Ninalowo) da kuma mafi kyawun amfani da abinci a cikin fim.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/bon-awards-2017-night-rising-stars/ |title=BON Awards 2017: A night of rising stars |date=23 December 2017 |website=Vanguard |access-date=5 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |title=Bolanle Ninalowo, IK Ogbonna, Rachel Okonkwo, "What Lies Within" among nominees |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=7 September 2017 |website=Pulse |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030444/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma ci lambar yabo mafi kyawun darakta a 2016 [[Maya Awards (Africa)]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mayaawardsafrica.com/mayaawardsafrica5-full-list-of-winners/ |title=MAYA Awards Africa |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815053435/https://www.mayaawardsafrica.com/mayaawardsafrica5-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=15 August 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Da take magana da Guardian kan asalin labaran soyayyarta, Stephen ta bayyana cewa "Ina samun kwarin gwiwa daga abubuwan da na fuskanta, radadin da nake ciki, da farin cikina, lokacin bakin ciki a rayuwata da kuma rayuwar mutanen da ke kusa da ni". Don rawar daraktanta a cikin ''Bagage na Tiwa, an zabi'' ta don mafi kyawun darakta a 2018 City People Movie Awards . A watan Agusta 2018, ''Guardian ta ba da shawarar fim dinta Bakwai da Rabin kwanakin'' a matsayin fim don gani a karshen mako. A cikin wata hira da Nigerian Tribune, Stephen ya tuna cewa an zabe shi don AMVCA shine lokacin da ta fi dacewa, kuma ya ba ta kwarin gwiwa don ci gaba da yin fim. Ta bayyana Emem Isong da [[Mary Njoku]] a matsayin mutanen da ke cikin harkar fim da ke kara mata ƙwarin gwiwa. Masu sukar fina-finai sun ba da haske game da fasaharta na samun wasu nau'ikan haruffa masu mahimmanci. Baya ga yin fina-finai, Stephen kuma mutum ne na rediyo, inda ta shirya wasan kwaikwayon karshen mako mai taken ''Whispers'' . === Fina-finai === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Fim ! colspan="3" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Kiredited as ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- ! Darakta ! Mai gabatarwa ! Marubuci |- | 2015 | ''Ziyarar'' ||E | | Samu 2 gabatarwa a 2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards . |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Cikakken Hoto'' ||E|E | Ya lashe kyaututtuka 2 a 2017 Best of Nollywood Awards . |- | ''Ƙarshen Farin Ciki'' | ||E | [[Lilian Afegbai|Jarumi Lilian Afegbai]] da [[Chika Ike]] |- | rowspan="5" | 2017 | ''Kallo'' |E|E|E | [[Bisola Aiyeola|Jarumi Bisola Aiyeola]] da Okey Uzoeshi. |- | ''Jakar Tiwa'' |E|E|E | An zabe shi don darakta na shekara a 2018 City People Movie Awards . |- | ''Sunan mahaifi Sobi'' |E ||E | |- | ''Muryar Ovy'' ||E|E | Starred Mofe Duncan, [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]], [[Bisola Aiyeola]] and [[Uche Ogbodo]] |- | ''Soyayya Tauri'' |E|E | | Bolaji Ogunmola, Joshua Richard |- | rowspan="5" | 2018 | ''Kwanaki bakwai da rabi'' |E|E | | | Screenplay by [[Joy Isi Bewaji]] and [[Toyin Abraham|producer Toyin Abraham]] . Jarumi [[Mercy Johnson]], [[Ali Nuhu]] da Jim Iyke . |- | ''Duk Inuwar Kuskure'' |E ||E | Jarumi Femi Jacobs da [[Bimbo Ademoye]] |- | ''Fatalwa da Tout'' |E | | | [[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Abraham ne ya shirya shi]] |- | ''Daciwon Ehi'' |E|E|E | Jarumi [[Faithia Balogun|Fathia Balogun]] da Deyemi Okanlawon |- | ''Kwanakin Karshe'' |E | | | Starred Susan Peters, Vivian Metchie, [[Bimbo Ademoye]] da Funsho Adeolu |- | 2019 | ''Neman Baami'' |E||E|E | [[Bimbo Ademoye]] Femi Jacobs |- | rowspan="2" | 2021 | ''Rayuwar Gurasa'' |E|E|E | |- | ''Progressive Tailors Club'' |E | | | Niyi Akinmolayan ne ya shirya shi |- |} ==Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == * {{IMDb name|8723905}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] c5ggl0bzwh6huf34h5r1y9mok3lvk97 0 27672 547702 400850 2024-11-28T19:39:55Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta alif 1917, da kuma shekara ta alif 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta alif 1936-zuwa 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta alif 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta alif 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta alif 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] === Sojojin da ke yaki === A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> ==== Ana shigo da makamai ==== A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] === Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan === Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. === Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu- 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alib 1948, === [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] ==== Gaban Kudancin - Negev ==== [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. ==== Yakin Latrun ==== An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> ==== Yaki don Urushalima ==== [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. ==== Arewacin Samariya ==== [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==== Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili ==== [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==== Sojojin Falasdinawa ==== [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta alif 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. ==== Ayyukan iska ==== [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. ==== Yakin teku ==== [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] ==== Ƙarshen kashi na farko ==== [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar alif 1949. ==== Karfafawa ==== [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. ==== Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte ==== [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> === Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yuli 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") === A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==== Gaban Kudu ==== [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==== Lydda da al-Ramla ==== [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 5w22tlvtvq86yhjv5tocwc2wkxfydbx 547704 547702 2024-11-28T19:41:06Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] === Sojojin da ke yaki === A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> ==== Ana shigo da makamai ==== A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] === Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan === Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. === Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu- 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alib 1948, === [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] ==== Gaban Kudancin - Negev ==== [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. ==== Yakin Latrun ==== An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> ==== Yaki don Urushalima ==== [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. ==== Arewacin Samariya ==== [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==== Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili ==== [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==== Sojojin Falasdinawa ==== [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta alif 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. ==== Ayyukan iska ==== [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. ==== Yakin teku ==== [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] ==== Ƙarshen kashi na farko ==== [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar alif 1949. ==== Karfafawa ==== [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. ==== Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte ==== [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> === Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yuli 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") === A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==== Gaban Kudu ==== [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==== Lydda da al-Ramla ==== [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 7ns5bvsdfp8i3ltwy6778euol4trkel 547706 547704 2024-11-28T19:42:45Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. ==== Yakin Latrun ==== An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> ==== Yaki don Urushalima ==== [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. ==== Arewacin Samariya ==== [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==== Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili ==== [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==== Sojojin Falasdinawa ==== [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta alif 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. ==== Ayyukan iska ==== [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. ==== Yakin teku ==== [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] ==== Ƙarshen kashi na farko ==== [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar alif 1949. ==== Karfafawa ==== [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. ==== Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte ==== [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> === Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yuli 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") === A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==== Gaban Kudu ==== [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==== Lydda da al-Ramla ==== [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 16c3ofoke225chr9xjx8nwylpkwi70d 547707 547706 2024-11-28T19:44:16Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta alif 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. ==== Ayyukan iska ==== [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta alif 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. ==== Yakin teku ==== [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] ==== Ƙarshen kashi na farko ==== [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta alif 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar alif 1949. ==== Karfafawa ==== [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. ==== Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte ==== [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> === Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yuli 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") === A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==== Gaban Kudu ==== [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==== Lydda da al-Ramla ==== [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == faw6fojr99tws62nzv0or6uya3t9k2a 547709 547707 2024-11-28T19:46:38Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta alif 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. ==== Ayyukan iska ==== [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == j8zrvly2aj939rtyas6jfyzsgjpuvu3 547710 547709 2024-11-28T19:47:56Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na Falasdinu. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == m7eij1bd5agyvkl5ota5pvd3k0zrcw9 547718 547710 2024-11-28T20:09:29Z Mahuta 11340 547718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen Larabawa sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == a70617wvduxvjwsq2b2suvrjewuxgjh 547719 547718 2024-11-28T20:09:49Z Mahuta 11340 547719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 5b9m1a3epzol0ufox799kdi152up8kd 547720 547719 2024-11-28T20:10:05Z Mahuta 11340 547720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na [[Isra’ila]], kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 12y4vs0gsun22iiduuf3jg772suepqn 547721 547720 2024-11-28T20:10:19Z Mahuta 11340 547721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na [[Isra’ila]], kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na Burtaniya da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == dpvygrz4tur29c28id3nrx3a0qjl8tm 547722 547721 2024-11-28T20:10:44Z Mahuta 11340 547722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin Falasdinu ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 8cqapjkebhwwo47un79qbe09zp9bz4p 547726 547722 2024-11-28T20:11:54Z Mahuta 11340 547726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin [[Falasdinu]] ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin Birtaniya tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 1u8bypp7c66kjh3a1o0lgfd399k4r9t 547727 547726 2024-11-28T20:12:11Z Mahuta 11340 547727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin [[Falasdinu]] ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin [[Birtaniya]] tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan Falasdinu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 2fn26inop1f1gc7od47e2rz1dy137m9 547729 547727 2024-11-28T20:12:28Z Mahuta 11340 547729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin [[Falasdinu]] ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin [[Birtaniya]] tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan [[Falasdinu]] na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 636c5juasfcpopi520gsykqyjpzjvo8 547730 547729 2024-11-28T20:12:41Z Mahuta 11340 547730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin [[Falasdinu]] ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin [[Birtaniya]] tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan [[Falasdinu]] na [[Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan Larabawa inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == 5nvcn8gig2ngddhklka5x1rnng7ldal 547731 547730 2024-11-28T20:13:04Z Mahuta 11340 547731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:1948 Arab-Israeli War 03.jpg|thumb|hoton mayyakan isreal]] '''Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na shekarar 1948''' (ko Farko) shine mataki na biyu kuma na karshe na yakin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na [[Falasdinu]]. Ya fara ne a bisa ka'ida bayan karshen wa'adin mulkin [[Birtaniya]] na Falasdinu da tsakar dare ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948; A safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu ne aka fitar da sanarwar samun ‘yancin kai na Isra’ila, kuma gamayyar sojojin kasashen [[Larabawa]] sun shiga yankin Falasdinu na [[Burtaniya]] da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Mayu. Mutuwar farko na Yakin shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1949 na yakin [[Falasdinu]] ya faru ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1947, a lokacin wani harin kwantan bauna da wasu motocin bas guda biyu dauke da Yahudawa.<ref name="Morris48">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CC7381HrLqcC|title=1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War|author=Benny Morris|publisher=Yale University Press|page=76|year=2008|isbn=978-0300145243}}</ref> An yi ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rikici tsakanin Larabawa da Yahudawa, da kuma tsakanin kowannensu da sojojin [[Birtaniya]] tun bayan sanarwar Balfour a shekara ta 1917, da kuma shekarar 1920, da aka kafa na Birtaniya na Falasdinu. Manufofin Birtaniyya ba su gamsu da Larabawa da Yahudawa ba. Adawar Larabawa ta taso har zuwa shekara ta 1936 da shekarar 1939, na tawayen Larabawa a Falasdinu, yayin da gwagwarmayar yahudawa ta ci gaba zuwa rikicin Yahudawa na shekara ta 1944 zuwa shekarar 1947, a Falasdinu. A shekara ta 1947, wadannan tashe-tashen hankulan da ake ci gaba da yi sun barke zuwa yakin basasa bayan amincewa da shirin raba kan [[Falasdinu]] na [[Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar ta 1947, wanda ya shirya raba Palastinu zuwa kasar Larabawa, kasar Yahudawa, da kuma tsarin mulki na musamman na kasa da kasa da ya kunshi biranen Kudus da kuma Baitalami. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta 1948, yakin basasa ya rikide zuwa rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da kasashen Larabawa bayan sanarwar 'yancin kai da Isra'ila ta yi a ranar da ta gabata. Masar, Transjordan, Syria, da sojojin bazuwa daga Iraki sun shiga Falasdinu.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' p. 153.</ref> Dakarun mamaya sun kwace iko da yankunan [[Larabawa]] inda nan take suka kai farmaki kan sojojin Isra'ila da wasu matsugunan yahudawa.<ref>Benny Morris (2008), p. 401.</ref><ref>Zeev Maoz, ''Defending the Holy Land'', University of Michigan Press, 2009 p. 4: 'A combined invasion of a Jordanian and Egyptian army started .</ref> An shafe watanni 10 ana gwabzawa a mafi yawa a yankin Daular Birtaniyya da kuma yankin Sinai da kuma kudancin kasar Labanon, inda wasu lokuta da dama suka katse.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 99.</ref> Sakamakon yakin kasar Isra'ila ne ke rike da yankin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tsara wa kasar yahudawa, da kuma kusan kashi 60% na yankin da aka tsara wa kasar Larabawa,<ref>Cragg 1997 pp. 57, 116.</ref> ciki har da yankin Jaffa, Lydda, da Ramle, na Galili. , wasu sassa na Negev, wani yanki mai fadi tare da hanyar Tel Aviv-Jerusalem, da wasu yankuna a Yammacin Kogin Jordan. Isra'ila ta kuma karbe ikon yammacin birnin Kudus, wanda ke nufin zama wani yanki na kasa da kasa na birnin Kudus da kewaye. Transjordan ya karbe iko da gabashin birnin Kudus da sauran tsohon wa'adin mulkin Birtaniya, inda a shekara mai zuwa, sojojin Masar suka karbe ikon zirin Gaza. A taron Jericho a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekara ta alif 1948, wakilai Falasdinawa 2,000 sun yi kira da a hade Palastinu da Transjordan a matsayin wani mataki na samun cikakken hadin kan Larabawa.<ref>Benvenisti, Meron (1996), ''City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem'', University of California Press, {{ISBN|0-520-20521-9}}. p. 27</ref> Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi na al'umma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kusan Falasdinawa Larabawa 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su daga gidajensu a yankin da ya zama Isra'ila, kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijirar Falasdinu a cikin abin da suke kira Nakba ("masifun"). A cikin shekaru uku bayan yakin, Yahudawa kusan 700,000 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila.<ref name="BennyMorris">Morris, 2001, pp. 259–60.</ref> Kimanin Yahudawa 260,000 suka kaura zuwa Isra'ila daga kasashen Larabawa lokacin da kuma bayan yakin.<ref>Fischbach, Michael R. ''Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries''.</ref> == Fage == [[File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Palestine_Partition_Versions_1947.jpg|thumb|Shawarar rabuwar Falasdinu]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_21221_The_Palmach.JPG|thumb|Tankin Palmach M4 Sherman yana jagorantar ayarin motocin]] ==Sojojin da ke yaki == A watan Satumba, na shekara alif 1947, Haganah yana da "bindigogi 10,489, bindigogi masu haske 702, bindigogin submachine 2,666, manyan bindigogi 186, turmi mai inci biyu 672 da turmi 92 mai inci uku (76 mm).<ref name="morris_2003_16">Morris, 2003, p. 16.</ref> == Ana shigo da makamai == A cikin shekara ta alif 1946, Ben-Gurion ya yanke shawarar cewa Yishuv zai yiwu ya kare kansa daga Larabawa Falasdinawa da kuma kasashe makwabta na Larabawa don haka ya fara "gaggarumin yakin neman makamai a yammacin duniya", kuma ya sami wasu da yawa a cikin 'yan watannin farko. na tashin hankali. [[File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia_S-199_in_June_1948_(Israeli_Air_Force).png|thumb|Isra'ila Avia S-199, a watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]] ==Sarki Abdullahi I na Transjordan == Sarki Abdullah shi ne kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, sojojin Larabawa mafi karfi da suka shiga yakin a cewar Rogan da Shlaim a shekara ta 2007.<ref>Rogan and Shlaim 2007 p. 110.</ref> Duk da haka, Morris ya rubuta a cikin 2008 cewa sojojin Masar sun kasance mafi karfi da kuma barazana.<ref>Morris, 2008, p. 310</ref> Rundunar Larabawa tana da sojoji kusan 10,000, wadanda jami’an Birtaniya suka horar da su kuma suke ba da umarni. [[File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:King_Abdullah,_Jerusalem,_29_May_1948.jpg|thumb|Sarki Abdullah a wajen Cocin Holy Sepulchre, ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1948, washegarin da sojojin Jordan suka karbe ikon tsohon birnin a yakin Kudus.]] [[File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tanks_of_the_Israeli_8th_Armoured_Brigade_(1948).jpg|right|thumb|Tankunan Sherman na Isra'ila 8th Armored Brigade, 1948]] Har ila yau, Haganah ta yi nasarar samun hannun jari na makaman Birtaniyya saboda sarkakkiya na janyewar Birtaniyya, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa na jami'ai da dama.<ref name="Laurens, vol.3 p.69">Laurens, vol. 3 p. 69.</ref> [[File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_the_United_Kingdom_1939-45_H37168.jpg|right|thumb|Tankin Cromwell]] Bayan tsagaitawar farko: A watan Yulin 1948, Isra’ilawa sun kafa rundunar sojan sama, da na ruwa, da kuma bataliyar tanka.<ref name="onwar">{{cite web|url=http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|title=Wars of the World: Israeli War of Independence 1948–1949|publisher=Onwar.com|access-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406090925/http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/ink/israel/fisrael1948.htm|archive-date=6 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1948, washegarin da sojojin Birtaniya na karshe suka bar Haifa, wasu sojojin Birtaniya guda biyu masu tausaya wa Isra'ilawa sun sace tankokin yaki na Cromwell guda biyu daga ma'ajiyar makamai a yankin tashar jiragen ruwa na Haifa, inda suka farfasa su ta kofofin da ba a tsare, suka shiga cikin IDF tare da tankunan. . Wadannan tankuna guda biyu za su zama tushen Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yaakov|first=Yifa|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/british-deserter-who-stole-tanks-for-haganah-dies/|title=British deserter who stole tanks for Haganah dies|publisher=Timesofisrael.com|date=2 February 2014|access-date=29 June 2014}}</ref> [[File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BrenCarrierShualeiShimshon.png|thumb|Sojojin IDF na sashin Foxes Samson sun ci gaba a cikin wani jirgin ruwan Bren na Masar da aka kama.]] Bayan sulhu na biyu: Czechoslovakia ta ba da jiragen yaki na Supermarine Spitfire, wadanda aka yi jigilar su zuwa Isra'ila ta hanyar Luftwaffe da aka yi watsi da su a Yugoslavia, tare da yarjejeniyar gwamnatin Yugoslavia. Tashar safarar makamai ta sama daga Czechoslovakia an sanya mata suna Operation Balak. [[File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_British_Army_in_North_Africa_1940_E443.2.jpg|right|thumb|Vickers hasken tankuna a cikin hamada]] == Darasi na yakin == A halin yanzu, shugabannin Larabawa da dama, don gujewa bala'i - a asirce sun yi kira ga Burtaniya da su ci gaba da kasancewa a Falasdinu na akalla shekara guda. == Kashi na farko: 15 ga watan Mayu, 11 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1948, == [[File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1948_Arab_Israeli_War_-_May_15-June_10.svg|thumb|250x250px|Harin Larabawa, 15 ga watan Mayu - 10 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta alif 1948]]. [[File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Butterfly_Armored-car_Gvar-Am-israel1948.jpg|thumb|Motar sulke na "Butterfly" na Haganah a Kibbutz Dorot a cikin Negev, Isra'ila shekara ta alif 1948. Motar mai sulke ta dogara ne akan babbar motar CMP-15. Motar ta kawo kayayyaki ga kibbutz. Daga baya wadannan motoci sun kwashe yaran Negev Kibbutz daga kibbutz, kafin harin da Sojojin Masar suka yi tsammanin kaiwa.]] == Gaban Kudancin - Negev == [[File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nirim1948_1.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Nirim]] [[File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Negba1948Defenses.jpg|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Negba]] Sojojin Masar, mafi girma a cikin sojojin Larabawa, sun mamaye daga kudu. == Yakin Latrun == An gwabza kazamin fada a birnin Kudus da kuma kan hanyar Kudus – Tel Aviv, tsakanin dakarun Larabawa na Jordan da sojojin Isra’ila.<ref name="Karsh2002p61-62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|pp=61–62}}</ref> A wani bangare na sake tura dakarun na Masar gaba, Isra'ilawa sun yi watsi da katangar Latrun da ke kallon babbar hanyar zuwa birnin Kudus, inda nan take Dakarun Larabawa suka kwace.<ref name="Karsh2002p61">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=61}}</ref> Sojojin Larabawa kuma sun mamaye gidan ibada na Latrun. Daga wadannan wurare, 'yan Jordan sun iya katse kayayyakin da suke ba wa mayakan Isra'ila da fararen hula a Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p62">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Isra'ilawa sun yi yunkurin daukar sansanin Latrun a jerin gwanon da aka yi tsakanin 24 ga watan Mayu zuwa 18 ga watan Yuli. Rundunar Larabawa ta rike Latrun kuma ta yi nasarar dakile hare-haren.<ref name="Karsh2002p622">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> A yayin yunkurin daukar Latrun, sojojin Isra'ila sun samu raunuka kimanin 586, cikinsu har da Mickey Marcus, Janar na farko na Isra'ila, wanda aka kashe ta hanyar musayar wuta. Kungiyar Larabawa ta kuma yi asara, ta yi asarar rayuka 90 sannan wasu 200 suka jikkata har zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.<ref>''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy. ''</ref> == Yaki don Urushalima == [[File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prof_Fekete_Rector_Heb_Uni-water-allocation.jpg|thumb|Farfesa Michael Fekete, Farfesa na Kimiyyar lissafi, Farfesa na Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, tare da adadin ruwansa, a lokacin da aka kewaye Urushalima.]] 'Yan kasar Jordan a Latrun sun katse kayayyaki zuwa yammacin Kudus.<ref name="Karsh2002p623" /> Duk da cewa an jibge wasu kayayyaki, galibin alburusai zuwa cikin birnin, amma karancin abinci, ruwa, man fetur da magunguna ya yi kamari. Sojojin Isra'ila sun yi matukar karancin abinci da ruwa da harsasai.<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> Sarki Abdullah ya umarci Glubb Pasha, kwamandan rundunar Larabawa, ya shiga birnin Kudus a ranar 17 ga watan Mayu. Dakarun Larabawa sun harba makaman atilare 10,000 a rana,<ref name="Karsh2002p623">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=62}}</ref> tare da kai hari a yammacin Kudus da harbin bindiga. == Arewacin Samariya == [[File:Afulahagana.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Afulahagana.jpg|left|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Afula]] Dakarun Iraqi da suka kunshi sojojin kasa biyu da kuma birgediya daya masu sulke sun tsallaka kogin Jordan daga arewacin Jordan, inda suka kai hari a matsugunan Gesher na Isra'ila da 'yar nasara. Bayan wannan shan kashi, sojojin Iraqi sun koma cikin dabarar triangle mai iyaka da garuruwan Nablus, Jenin da Tulkarm na Larabawa. A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Netanya, lokacin da aka tsayar da su.<ref name="Karsh2002p60">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=60}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan 'yan Iraqin ya kai ga shafe kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada a kan Jenin, amma sojojin Irakin sun yi nasarar ci gaba da zama.<ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> Bayan wadannan fadace-fadace, sojojin Iraki sun tsaya tsayin daka, kuma aka kawo karshen shigarsu cikin yakin.<ref name="Pollack149-155">Pollack, 2002, pp. 149–55.</ref><ref name="Karsh2002p60" /> ==Gaban Arewa - Tafkin Galili == [[File:Deganiatank1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deganiatank1.jpg|thumb|Tankin hasken R-35 na Siriya ya lalata a Degania Alef]] A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ne kasar Siriya ta mamaye Falasdinu tare da runduna ta daya da ke samun goyon bayan wata bataliyar motoci masu sulke, da wani kamfani na tankokin yaki na Faransa R 35 da R 37, da wata bataliyar bindigu da sauran runduna. Shugaban kasar Syria, Shukri al-Quwwatli ya umurci sojojinsa da ke gaba, "da su ruguza sahyoniyawan". "Al'amarin ya yi muni sosai, babu isassun bindigogi, babu manyan makamai," Ben-Gurion ya fadawa majalisar ministocin Isra'ila.<ref name="Tal,2004, pp. 251">Tal, 2004, p. 251</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, sojojin Siriya sun juya zuwa gabas da kudancin Tekun Galili, kuma suka kai hari a Samakh da ke makwabtaka da sansanin Tegart da matsugunan Sha'ar HaGolan, Ein Gev, amma suka fuskanci turjiya. Daga baya, sun kai hari Samakh ta hanyar amfani da tankuna da jiragen sama, kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu sun yi nasarar cin nasara kan Samakh kuma suka mamaye Sha'ar HaGolan da aka yi watsi da su. ==Sojojin Falasdinawa == [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_20772_The_Palmach.jpg|right|thumb|Kaukji, Kwamandan Sojojin Yancin Larabawa]] An ci gaba da yakin basasa tsakanin dakarun yahudawa da na larabawa da aka fara a shekara ta 1947, an gwabza fada tsakanin sojojin Isra'ila da dakarun sa kai na Falasdinawa, musamman a yankunan Lydda, al-Ramla, Jerusalem, da Haifa. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu, Brigade Alexandroni sun kwace Tantura, kudu da Haifa, daga sojojin Larabawa. A ranar 2 ga watan Yuni, an kashe kwamandan Sojojin Yakin Mai Tsarki Hasan Salama a wani yaki da Haganah a Ras al-Ein. == Ayyukan iska == [[File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_Plane_TA_1948.jpg|left|thumb|A ranar 15 ga watan Mayun, shekara ta alif 1948, ne aka harbo wani makamin Spitfire na Masar a Tel Aviv]] [[File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egyptian_bombing_1948.jpg|left|thumb|Masu sa kai na kwashe wani mutum da ya samu rauni a harin bam da Masar ta kai Tel Aviv.]] An sanya dukkan kadarorin jiragen sama na Yahudawa a karkashin ikon Sherut Avir (Sabis din Jirgin Sama, wanda aka sani da SA) a cikin watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1947, kuma an fara ayyukan tashi a cikin wata mai zuwa daga karamin filin jirgin sama na farar hula da ke wajen Tel Aviv mai suna Sde Dov, tare da aikin tallafin ƙasa na farko (a cikin RWD-13) wanda ke gudana a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba. An kafa Squadron na Galili a Yavne'el a cikin watan Maris, shekara ta 1948, kuma an kafa Rundunar Negev a Nir-Am a watan Afrilu. A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu, lokacin da SA ta sami hasarar yaki ta farko, akwai ƙungiyoyin tashi sama guda uku, ma'aikatan jirgin sama, wuraren kulawa da tallafin kayan aiki. A barkewar yakin a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, SA ta zama Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila. Tare da ayarin jiragensa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|title=Israel Air Force Aircraft Types|date=19 September 1999|first=John|last=Hayles|publisher=John Hayles, aeroflight.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222090625/http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/israel/iaftypes.htm|archive-date=22 February 2007}}</ref> masu haske ba abin da ya dace da sojojin Larabawa a cikin 'yan makonnin farko na yakin tare da T-6s, Spitfires, C-47s, da Avro Ansons. [[File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Avia-S-199-IAF-101Sqn-Tel-Nof-Israel-1948-01.jpg|thumb|Avia S-199 jirgin saman yakin Isra'ila na farko]] [[File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spitfire-MkIX-hatzerim-1-2.jpg|thumb|Isra'ila Spitfire F Mk]] [[File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Israeli_B-17Gs_01011953.JPG|thumb|Isra'ila B-17 a cikin jirgin]] Ba da daɗewa ba ma'aunin wutar lantarki ya fara samun tagomashi ga rundunar sojojin saman Isra'ila bayan isowar 25 Avia S-199s daga Czechoslovakia, wanda na farko ya isa Isra'ila a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu. Abin ban mamaki, Isra'ila tana amfani da Avia S-199, karancin Bf 109 da aka kera a Jamus na Nazi don yakar Spitfires da Birtaniyya ta kera da Masar. A cikin sauran yakin, Isra'ila za ta sami karin mayakan Avia, da kuma Spitfires 62 daga Czechoslovakia. A ranar 28 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1948, Sherut Avir ya zama Rundunar Sojojin Isra'ila. == Yakin teku == [[File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northland_Color_1.jpg|left|thumb|Northland a cikin Greenland kusan 1944 wanda ya zama INS Eilat na Isra'ila]] == Ƙarshen kashi na farko == [[File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palestine_Military_Situation,_June_11,_1948,_Truman_Papers.jpg|left|thumb|Halin Sojan Falasdinu, 11 Yuni 1948. Takardun Truman]] A cikin kwanaki masu zuwa, Larabawa sun sami iyakacin nasarori ne kawai saboda tsayin daka na Isra'ila, kuma cikin sauri suka fatattake su daga sabon mallakarsu ta hanyar kai hari. A yayin da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, dakarun na IDF sun yi nasarar tura dakaru fiye da na Larabawa. A cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, IDF tana da dakaru 63,000; a farkon bazara shekarar alif 1949, suna da 115,000. Sojojin Larabawa suna da kimanin dakaru 40,000 a cikin watan Yuli, shekara ta 1948, sun haura zuwa 55,000 a cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1948, kuma kaɗan fiye da lokacin bazara na shekarar 1949. == Karfafawa == [[File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Altalena_off_Tel-Aviv_beach.jpg|right|thumb|''Altalena'' yana kona kusa da Tekun Tel Aviv]] A lokacin tsagaitawar, Irgun ya yi yunƙurin kawo jigilar makamai na sirri a cikin wani jirgin ruwa mai suna ''Altalena''. Da yake tsoron juyin mulkin da Irgun ya yi (a lokacin da IDF ke aiwatar da hadakar kungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban kafin samun 'yancin kai), Ben-Gurion ya ba da umarnin a kwace makaman da karfi. Bayan an yi musu rashin fahimta, sai Ben-Gurion ya umurci sojoji su nutsar da jirgin. An kashe 'yan kabilar Irgun da dama da sojojin IDF a fadan. == Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Bernadotte == [[File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folke-Bernadotte.jpg|thumb|Wani mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Folke Bernadotte, ya kashe shi a watan Satumba na 1948 da kungiyar Lehi ta yi.]] Mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Folke Bernadotte da tawagar masu sa ido na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta kunshi hafsoshin sojojin Belgium da Amurka da Sweden da kuma Faransa ne suka sanya ido kan tsagaita wutar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/truce1.html|title=The First Truce|access-date=22 February 2009}}</ref> Babban taron ne ya kada kuri'a a Bernadotte don "tabbatar da amincin wurare masu tsarki, don kare lafiyar jama'a, da kuma inganta" daidaita yanayin zaman lafiya na Falasdinu a nan gaba".<ref name="Morris2008p269">Morris, 2008, pp. 269–71</ref> ==Mataki na biyu: 8-18 Yulin shekarar 1948 ("Yaƙin Kwana Goma") == A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, washegarin wa'adin tsagaita wuta, sojojin Masar a karkashin Janar Muhammad Naguib sun sabunta yakin ta hanyar kai wa Negba hari. Washegari ne sojojin saman Isra'ila suka kaddamar da farmakin a lokaci guda a dukkan bangarori ukun da suka hada da Quneitra zuwa Arish sannan sojojin saman Masar sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin Tel Aviv.<ref>Gelber, 2006{{page needed|date=May 2021}}; Kinneret, p. 226</ref> A lokacin fadan, Isra'ilawa sun sami damar bude hanyar ceto ga kibbutzim da dama da aka yi wa kawanya.<ref name="Karsh2002p64">{{harvnb|Karsh|2002|p=64}}</ref> An dai ci gaba da gwabza fada har na tsawon kwanaki goma har kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fitar da tsagaita wuta na biyu a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. A cikin wadannan kwanaki 10, an mamaye fadan ne da manyan hare-hare na Isra'ila da kuma matakin kariya daga bangaren Larabawa. ==Gaban Kudu == [[File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:6pdr-Aibdis.jpg|thumb|An kama wani makami mai linzami na Masar da bataliya ta 53 na Brigade Givati ​​ta kama.]] A kudancin kasar, IDF ta kai hare-hare da dama, ciki har da Operation An-Far da Operation Death to the Invader. Aikin runduna ta 11 ta bataliya ta 11 da ke gefen kudu shi ne kame kauyuka, kuma aikin nata ya gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da turjiya ba daga cikin gida. A cewar Amnon Neumann, wani tsohon sojan Palmach na yankin Kudu, da kyar wasu kauyukan Larabawa da ke kudancin kasar suka yi fada da juna, saboda tsananin talauci na abin da suke da shi da kuma rashin makamai, aka kuma kori su.<ref>[[Gideon Levy]] and Alex Levac, [http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/1.550550 'Drafting the blueprint for Palestinian refugees' right of return,'] at [[Haaretz]] 4 October 2013: 'In all the Arab villages in the south almost nobody fought.</ref> Wani ‘yar turjiya da aka yi, an kwantar da shi ne da wani bama-bamai da makami, daga bisani kuma aka kori mazauna kauyen tare da lalata gidaje.<ref>David Tal, ''War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy,'' Routledge 2004 p. 307.</ref> ==Lydda da al-Ramla == [[File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IDFSoldierInLyddaOrRamla.png|thumb|Sojojin Isra'ila a Lod (Lydda) ko Ramle]] == Manazarta == dzmj8bld9xf3pm2ljd9h96h7n9mwvfe 0 27744 548067 485782 2024-11-29T03:14:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Okechukwu Ukeje''', wanda aka fi sani da '''OC Ukeje''' dan wasan Najeriya ne, tauraro kuma mawaki.<ref>[http://naijamayor.com/im-attracted-to-older-women-okechukwu-chukwudi-ukeje/ I’m Attracted To Older Women – Okechukwu Chukwudi Ukeje] 6 November 2012</ref> Ya zama sananne bayan ya lashe kyautar Akwatin Amstel Malta (AMBO).<ref>OC Ukeje, Actor". ''Mandy''. Retrieved 13 May2016</ref> Ya samu kyaututtuka da dama da suka hada da Africa Movie Academy Awards, Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards, Nollywood Movies Awards, Best of Nollywood Awards, [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards]] da Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards . Ya yi fice a fina-finan da ya lashe kyaututtuka da suka hada da ''Brides Biyu da'' ''Jariri'', ''Hoodrush, Alan Poza'', ''Rudani Na Wa'' da ''Rabin Rana Rawa'' . <ref>http://nollywoodmindspace.com/2013/09/03/list-of-winners-nigeria-entertainment-awards-2013/</ref> == Kuruciya == Okechukwu Ukeje, ɗan asalin jihar [[Umuahia]]<ref name= >{{Cite web|url= http://naijanewsmagazine.blogspot.com/2013/06/why-women-send-nude-photographs-to-me.html?m=1| title = Why women send nude photographs to me - OC Ukeje|website = naijanewsmagazine.blogspot.com}}</ref> ne an haife shi kuma an haife shi a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], Najeriya. Shi ne ɗa na biyu a cikin iyali guda uku.<ref>Nigeria: OC Ukeje, Majid Breaking the Cinemas". ''allAfrica.com''. Retrieved 13 May 2016</ref> == Karatu da sana'a == Ya halarci Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya Ijanikin [[Ojo|Ojo, Legas]]. Ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo tun shekararsa ta farko a Jami’ar Legas, Yaba, kuma shi ya ja-goranci shirin wasan. Ya ci gaba da bibiyar kiɗa da wasan kwaikwayo, ya fi mai da hankali kan yin wasan kwaikwayo na shekaru huɗu na farkon aikinsa kafin yunƙuri da cin nasarar wasan kwaikwayo na TV na gaskiya, ''Amstel Malta Box Office'' (AMBO).<ref>How I handle my female admirers —O.C Ukeje". ''[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]''. Retrieved 22 December 2012.</ref> Bayyanar allo na farko ya kasance a cikin ''[[White Waters]]'' shekara ta (2007) tare da [[Joke Silva]] da [[Rita Dominic]]. Izu Ojukwu ne ya bada umarni . Ya ci lambar yabo ta African Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) don Mafi kyawun Jarumi mai zuwa shekara ta (2008) da lambar yabo ta City People's Award for Best New Act a shekara ta (2010).<ref>Systems, Clearwox. "Oc Ukeje on iBAKATV | Home for Nollywood Movies". ''ibakatv.com''. Retrieved 13 May 2016</ref> Ya ci gaba da rubuta kida, tare da haɗin gwiwa da wasu mawakan Najeriya da furodusa da kuma yin aiki akan shirye-shiryen gidan rediyo don ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni. Ya yi aiki a fina-finai da talabijin tsakanin shekara ta, (2008 zuwa shekara ta 2012).<ref>O.C. Ukeje". ''IMDb''. Retrieved 13 May 2016.</ref> [[Fayil:Gidi up 2.jpg|thumb|OC Ukeje]] Ya kasance memba na jerin shirye-shiryen TV wanda aka gabatar a bikin Emmy World Television Festival, Wetin Dey shekara ta (2007) wanda BBC World Service Trust ta samar kuma ya taka rawar jagoranci da tallafawa jagoranci a cikin fina-finai kamar ''Comrade'', ''confusion Na Wa'' da ''Farkawa'' . Ya kuma nuna a cikin ''Black Nuwamba shekara ta (2012)'' ta Jeta Amata tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo irin su Mickey Rourke, Kim Basinger, Sarah Wayne-Callies, Hakeem Kae-Kazim, Vivica Fox da kuma sauran jama'a. Ya kuma kasance kan [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adiche|karbuwar fim din Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] 's ''Half of a Yellow Sun (2013)'' tare da Chiwetel Ejiofor da Thandiwe Newton a matsayin jagorar ƴan wasa, wanda Biyi Bandele ya jagoranta. Ya kasance a cikin tawagar repertory da suka nuna 3 mataki plays na Nigeria House a London Cultural Olympiad a shekara ta (2012). Ya kuma yi aiki a fim ɗin BFI da BFI ta [[Gone Too Far! (fim)|ɗauki nauyinsa, Gone Too Far]] . <ref>http://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmovies/article/Malachi-Kirby-and-OC-Ukeje-Star-in-GONE-TOO-FAR-Film-Adaptation-20130620</ref> Ya kasance a cikin shirin NdaniTV na ''Gidi Up'' tare da [[Titilope Sonuga]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], [[Somkele Iyamah]] da Ikechukwu Onunaku . <ref name="ndanitv">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AiG-1GH9R8 Gidi cast on The Juice], Ndanitv, Retrieved 6 October 2016.</ref> A cikin wasan Janairu shekara ta (2015) Ƙungiyar Nunin Cinema ta Najeriya ta jera shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan kuɗin da aka samu na shekarar (2014).<ref>OC Ukeje, Majid breaking the cinemas". Daily Independent. January 2015. Archived from the original on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 12 February2015.</ref> A shekarar (2016) an gayyace shi tare da [[Somkele Iyamah]] don halartar bikin fina-finai na Toronto na kasa da kasa a matsayin daya daga cikin "taurari masu tasowa". <ref>[http://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/somkele-iyamah-idhalama-new-nollywood-rising-star-goes-to-toronto/ Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama: New Nollywood rising star goes to Toronto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120191547/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/somkele-iyamah-idhalama-new-nollywood-rising-star-goes-to-toronto/ |date=2020-01-20 }}, Shaibu Husseini, 10 September 2016, The GuardienNG, Retrieved 7 October 2016</ref> == Rayuwa == Ukeje yana zaune a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya. Ya auri Senami Ibukunoluwa Togonu-Bickersteth a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta (2014).<ref>{{cite web |title = OC Ukeje Shares On His Marriage Experience And How He Met His Wife |url = http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-tv-one-on-one-oc-ukeje-shares-on-his-marriage-experience-and-how-he-met-his-wife-id3774431.html |website = Pulse Nigeria TV |publisher = Misimola |access-date = 19 May 2015 |archive-date = 4 March 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083232/http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-tv-one-on-one-oc-ukeje-shares-on-his-marriage-experience-and-how-he-met-his-wife-id3774431.html |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://thenet.ng/2014/11/nollywood-actor-oc-ukeje-weds-at-33/ |title = Nollywood actor, OC Ukeje weds at 33 – Nigerian Entertainment Today – Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games |date = 2014-11-10 |newspaper = Nigerian Entertainment Today – Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games |access-date = 2017-02-09 |language = en-GB |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170211084428/http://thenet.ng/2014/11/nollywood-actor-oc-ukeje-weds-at-33/ |archive-date = 11 February 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref> == Fina-finan jarumi == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Matsayi ! Ref |- | 2007 | ''[[White Waters|Farin Ruwa]]'' | Dan wasan kwaikwayo | |- | 2008 | ''Comrade'' | Hakeem | |- | rowspan="2" | 2011 | ''[[Black Gold (2011 Fim din Najeriya)|Bakar Zinariya]]'' | Peter Gadibia | |- | ''Amarya Biyu Da Jariri'' | Badmus | |- | rowspan="3" | 2012 | ''Black Nuwamba'' | Peter Gadibia | |- | ''Hoodrush'' | Shez Jabari | |- | ''Har Mutuwa Ta Rasa Mu'' (Gajere) | John | |- | rowspan="6" | 2013 | ''Rudani Na Wa'' | Charles Duka | |- | ''Alan Poza'' | Alan Poza | |- | ''Rabin Rana Rawaya'' | Aniekwena | |- | ''Farkawa'' | Nicholas | |- | ''[[Gone Too Far! (fim)|Yayi Nisa sosai]]'' | Iku | |- | ''Rubicon'' | Dauda | |- | rowspan="3" | 2014 | ''Lokacin Soyayya Ta Faru'' | Dare | |- | ''Gidi Up'' (Serial TV) | Obi (2014-) | |- | ''Wasan Da Ake Kira Haikali Anyi Da Laka'' (Gajere) | Hakeem | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Sashen'' | Segun | |- | ''Kafin 30'' | Ayo (2015-) | |- | rowspan="3" | 2016 | <nowiki><i id="mw8w">Hukuncin Shari'a</i></nowiki> | Mr. Gbenga | |- | ''Ka tuna da ni'' | | |- |[[North East (2016 fim)|''Arewa maso gabas'']] | Emeka Okafor | |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | ''Dankali Dankali'' | Mr. Tony Wilson | |- | ''Kama'' | Mai binciken Komolafe | |- | rowspan="3" | 2018 | <nowiki><i id="mwARY">Inuwar Jan hankali</i></nowiki> | | |- |<nowiki><i id="mwARw">A cikin Lafiya da Lafiya</i></nowiki> | | |- |''Royal Hibiscus Hotel'' | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Jahannama ta Aljanna'' | Ahmed | |- | ''Ashen'' | | |- |2020 | <nowiki><i id="mwATU">Haska Idon Ka</i></nowiki> | Amadi | |- |} == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Rukuni ! Fim ! Sakamako ! Ref |- | 2007 | Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka | Jarumin Da Yafi Alkawari | ''[[White Waters|Farin Ruwa]]'' | {{Won}} | |- | 2012 | Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora | ''Rudani Na Wa'' |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="4" | 2013 | Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jagora a Fim | rowspan="2" | ''Alan Poza'' |{{Won}} | |- | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jagora a Fim ɗin Turanci |{{Won}} | |- | Nollywood Movies Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora | ''Hoodrush'' |{{Won}} | |- | Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin wasan kwaikwayo | ''Amarya Biyu Da Jariri'' |{{Won}} | |- | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora - Turanci | ''Ba a karyewa''|{{Nom}} | |- |} == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|3149922}} {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Most Promising Actor}} [[Category:Tsaffin daliban jami'ar Legas]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo maza a karni na 21]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo maza daga jahar Lagos]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1981]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mawakan Najeriya Maza]] j323h49k6c5lct08tvqdrolz8eu6jsj 0 27764 548106 510427 2024-11-29T05:42:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown empty parameters|residenceTope Tedela]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Fayil:Babatunde Apalowo and Tope Tedela with Teddy Award, Berlinale 2023.jpg|thumb|tope tadela da apalowo]] '''Temitope Christopher Tedela''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Tope Tedela''', ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma furodusa na Najeriya.<ref>http://dailytimes.ng/tope-tedela-produces-first-movie/</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4754127/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm|title=Tope Tedela profile at|publisher=imdb.com|access-date= 23 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/156799-africa-magic-award-winning-actor-tope-tedela-denies-receiving-payment-role.html|title=Tope Tedela denies not receiving Payments|date=March 15, 2014|publisher=premuimtimes.com|access-date=23 April 2014}}</ref> Ya samu lambobin yabo da dama kan ayyukansa da suka hada da Africa Magic Viewers Choice Award, Nigeria Entertainment Award, Best of Nollywood Award da kyautar Nollywood Movies Award . An nuna ayyukan Tedela a bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya ciki har da Cannes Film Festival, Toronto International Film Festival da BFI London Film Festival. Ayyukansa sun hada da ''The Lost Okoroshi'' (2019), What Lies Inin (2017), Slow Country (2017), Ojukokoro (2017), Suru L'ere (2016), [[Out of Luck (2015 fim)|Out of Luck]] (2015), Labarin Soja (2015). ) da kuma Mile daga Gida wanda ya ba shi lambobin yabo da yawa. == Kuruciya da ilimi == [[Fayil:Babatunde Apalowo and Tope Tedela with Teddy Award, Berlinale 2023.jpg|thumb|Tope Tedela]] An haifi Tedela a jihar Legas, a matsayin ɗan fari ga iyayensa.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Abimboye|first1=Michael|title=EXCLUSIVE: Tope Tedela Squashes Rumour of Not Being Paid for Award-winning Role|url=http://connectnigeria.com/articles/2014/03/14/exclusive-tope-tedela-squashes-rumour-of-not-being-paid-for-award-winning-role/|access-date=2021-11-30|archive-date=2014-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725122429/http://connectnigeria.com/articles/2014/03/14/exclusive-tope-tedela-squashes-rumour-of-not-being-paid-for-award-winning-role/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shi dan asalin [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti ne]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news247.com.ng/news/amvca-winning-actor-tope-tedela-nominated-at-amaa-2014#.U1ejZvldVAE|title=Tope Tedela nominated for AMAA Awards|publisher=news247.com.ng|access-date=23 April 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094404/http://www.news247.com.ng/news/amvca-winning-actor-tope-tedela-nominated-at-amaa-2014#.U1ejZvldVAE|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Model ta Jihar Legas, Meiran, Legas don karatun sakandare, kuma ya sami digiri a Mass Communication a Jami'ar Legas.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Okeugo|first1=Peter|title=My parents almost dumped me in remand home – Tope Tedela|url=http://www.punchng.com/spice/entertainment-spice/my-parents-almost-dumped-me-in-remand-home-tope-tedela/|date=2014-06-23|access-date=2021-11-30|archive-date=2014-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713112025/http://www.punchng.com/spice/entertainment-spice/my-parents-almost-dumped-me-in-remand-home-tope-tedela/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == Yayin da yake karatu a Jami'ar Legas, an saka Tedela a cikin fim ɗin sa na farko a matsayin Julian a cikin jerin shirin gidan Telebijin ''Edge of Paradise''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Agbanusi|first1=Nneka|title="Hollywood Should Expect Me Soon" – Tope Tedela|url=http://www.happenings9ja.com/happenings/posts/entertainment-lifestyle/music-movies/Hollywood-Should-Expect-Me-Soon-Tope-Tedela|website=happenings9ja.com|access-date=26 October 2014|archive-date=26 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026230915/http://www.happenings9ja.com/happenings/posts/entertainment-lifestyle/music-movies/Hollywood-Should-Expect-Me-Soon-Tope-Tedela|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya daina yin wasan kwaikwayo na ɗan lokaci don ya mai da hankali kan karatunsa; Yayin da yake makaranta kuma jim kadan bayan kammala karatunsa, Tedela ya yi aiki a matsayin mutum na kan iska a UNILAG FM.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Obioha|first1=Vanessa|title=A Good Headstart|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/a-good-headstart/182833/|publisher=This Day|date=6 July 2014|access-date=30 November 2021|archive-date=7 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707204653/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/a-good-headstart/182833/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya sake komawa tauraro a matsayin lala a cikin rawar da ya taka na farko a cikin fim din ''A Mile daga Gida''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://africamagic.dstv.com/2014/03/24/jara-tope-tedela-interview|title=Tope Tedela Interview on Jara|publisher=africamagic.dstv.com|access-date=23 April 2014|archive-date=27 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427221526/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2014/03/24/jara-tope-tedela-interview/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A wani lokaci, Tedela ma'aikacin labarai a [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya|NTA]]. Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo da dama da suka shahara a mataki.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ynaija.com/teen/teen-y-exclusive-amvca-winner-tope-tedela-confesses-that-he-was-remanded-in-custody-once-more-in-this-sizzling-interview|title=Tope Tedela interview on YNaija|publisher=ynaija.com|access-date=23 April 2014|archive-date=28 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428010355/http://ynaija.com/teen/teen-y-exclusive-amvca-winner-tope-tedela-confesses-that-he-was-remanded-in-custody-once-more-in-this-sizzling-interview/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/03/amvca-best-actor-tope-tedela-was-not-paid-for-award-winning-role|title=Tope Tedela not paid for award-winning role|publisher=thenet.ng|access-date=23 April 2014}}</ref> Ya zama sananne bayan ya taka rawa aa matsayin jagora a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na 2013, ''A Mile from Home''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Abodunrin|first=Akintayo|title=South African, Ghanaian Films Set To Shine At AMAA 2014|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/arts-culture/item/2755-south-african-ghanaian-films-set-to-shine-at-amaa-2014/2755-south-african-ghanaian-films-set-to-shine-at-amaa-2014|newspaper=Nigerian Tribune}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Tope Tedela ya yi tauraro a cikin Labarin Soja da [[Out of Luck (2015 fim)|Daga Sa'a]]. Matsayin Tedela a matsayin Kyle Stevens-Adedoyin na maza da mata a cikin fim ɗin ban dariya na 2016 Suru L'ere ya ba shi sharhi da yawa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://happenings.com.ng/movie-review-suru-lere-a-story-left-untold/|title=Movie Review: 'Suru L'ere' – A Story Left Untold! – Online Entertainment and Lifestyle Magazine in Nigeria|date=2016-02-19|work=Online Entertainment and Lifestyle Magazine in Nigeria|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201131657/https://happenings.com.ng/movie-review-suru-lere-a-story-left-untold/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tope-tedela-actor-is-kyle-stevens-adedoyin-in-upcoming-movie-surulere-id3922517.html|title=Tope Tedela: Actor is "Kyle Stevens Adedoyin" in upcoming movie "Surulere"|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603062249/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tope-tedela-actor-is-kyle-stevens-adedoyin-in-upcoming-movie-surulere-id3922517.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tedela ya taka rawa a cikin wadannan fina-finan da suka samu karbuwa a shekarar 2017———The Epic King Invincible, the comedy-crime/heist film Ojukokoro da kuma wasan kwaikwayo Slow Country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/04/majid-michel-ivie-okujaiye-egboh-tope-tedela-more-star-in-eric-aghimiens-slow-country-watch-the-traile|title=Majid Michel, Ivie Okujaye Egboh, Tope Tedela & More star in Eric Aghimien's "Slow Country" {{!}} Watch the Trailer on BN TV – BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|date=April 29, 2017|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-22}}</ref> Ya yi fim ɗin sa na farko shahararren shirin wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa na [[What Lies Within]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tope-tedela-actor-produces-1st-movie-what-lies-within-id5074520.html|title=Tope Tedela: Actor produces 1st movie "What Lies Within"|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2017-12-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821215609/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tope-tedela-actor-produces-1st-movie-what-lies-within-id5074520.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2018, Tedela ya fito a cikin fim ɗin laifi, Knock Out Blessing. A cikin shekara ta 2019, ya yi tauraro a matsayin mai bincike Dr. Dauda a cikin The Lost Okoroshi wanda ya sami farkonsa na duniya a 2019 Toronto International Film Festival kuma ya sami mafi yawa kyakywar yabo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/lost-okoroshi-1240868|title = 'The Lost Okoroshi': Film Review &#124; TIFF 2019|date = September 18, 2019}}</ref> Ya kuma fara aiki akan wasansa na one-man na Whumanizer. Tedela kuma ya yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo, The Ghost and the House of Truth. [[Fayil:Faces at AMVCA 2020 42.jpg|thumb|Tope Tedela]] A cikin shekara ta 2020, an jefa Tedela a cikin jerin asali na farko na Netflix na Najeriya wanda darektan da ya lashe lambar yabo Akin Omotoso ya sam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2020/02/netflix-orders-first-nigerian-original-from-director-akin-omotoso/|title=Netflix Orders First Nigerian Original from Director Akin Omotoso|date=February 27, 2020}}</ref> == Sauran ayyuka == A shekarar 2016, kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam na duniya wato Global Rights, ta nada Tedela jakada don fara yakin kawo karshen cin zarafin mata a kasar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/09/ego-boyo-aramide-tope-tedela-bose-oshin-and-more-celebrities-team-up-with-global-rights-to-end-sexual-violence/|title = Ego Boyo, Aramide, Tope Tedela, Bose Oshin and More Celebrities Team up with Global Rights to End Sexual Violence|date = September 17, 2016}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da Gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Rukuni ! Aiki ! Sakamako |- | rowspan="10" | 2014 | Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka ta 10 | Jarumin Da Yafi Alkawari | rowspan="9" | ''Mile Daga Gida'' | {{Nom}} |- | 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin A Wasan Wasan kwaikwayo| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora (Turanci) | {{Won}} |- | Wahayin Shekara (Namiji)| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 Golden Icons Academy Awards Awards | Jarumin Da Yafi Alkawari | {{Won}} |- | Mafi kyawun Duo akan allo | {{Nom}} |- | 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 Nollywood Movies Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora (Turanci) | {{Nom}} |- | Mafi Tauraron Tashi (Namiji) | {{Won}} |- | 2014 Express Star Awards | Tauraro mai tashi | rowspan="" | Kansa| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | City People Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumi A Matsayin Taimakawa | rowspan="2" | ''Suru L'ere''<nowiki> | </nowiki>{{Nom}} |- | Nigeria Entertainment Awards | role="" | {{Nom}} |- | 2017 | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumi A Matsayin Taimakawa | ''Slow Kasa'' | {{Nom}} |- | 2020 | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Taimakawa – Turanci | ''Kasa Hard'' |{{Nom}} |} == Fina-finai == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula ! Ref |- | 2007 | ''Karkatawa'' | Sola | | |- | 2013 | ''Farkawa'' | | | |- | 2013 | ''[[Torn|Tsage]]'' | Matashi Olumide | | |- | 2013 | ''Mile Daga Gida'' | Lala/Jude Odaro | | |- | 2013 | ''Cyanide'' | Emeka | Short Film | |- | 2014 | ''Wata Ranar Mutuwar Matasa'' | Comrade | Fim ɗin TV | |- | 2014 | ''Birthday Bash'' | Scoda | | |- | 2014 | ''Leeway'' | Chuks | Short Film | |- | 2015 | ''Jarumai Lokacin Abincin rana'' | Deji | tare da Omoni Oboli & [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] | |- | 2015 | ''Masu ridda'' | Osas | | |- | 2015 | ''Labarin Soja'' | Major Egan | | |- | 2015 | ''[[Out of Luck (2015 fim)|Daga Sa'a]]'' | Dayo | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Suru L'ere'' | Kyle Stevens Adedoyin | da [[Rita Dominic]] | |- | ''Ojukokoro (Gried)'' | Lahadi | | <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZ6ItZNKQO0</ref> |- | rowspan="3" | 2017 | ''Sarki marar nasara'' | Tari | tare da Gabriel Afolayan | |- | ''Slow Kasa'' | Osas | tare da [[Majid Michel]] | |- | ''Me Yake Cikin'' | Gboyega | Shima Furodusa | |- | 2018 | ''Kalli Albarka'' | Yomi | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Bataccen Okoroshi'' | Dr Dauda | | |- |''Fatalwa da Gidan Gaskiya'' | Barrister Tokunbo | | |- |2021 | ''[[The Therapist|Therapist]]'' | | tare da [[Rita Dominic]] da [[Toyin Abraham]] | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2006 | ''Gefen Aljanna'' | Julian | |- | rowspan="2" | 2008 | ''Mama & I'' | Yuni | |- | ''Super Story (Omojuwa)'' | Tesiro | |- | rowspan="2" | 2012 | ''Wurin Konawa'' | | |- | ''Tweeters'' | Kunle | |- | 2013 | ''Babban Labari (Sirrin)'' | Tai | |- | 2014 | ''Oasis'' | Oreva | |- |- | 2015 | ''Tawagar (jerin TV)'' | Efe | |- | 2016 | rowspan="2" | <u>''Jamestown''</u> | Sa'a | |- | 2017 | Obi | Shugaba |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Foda bushe'' | Arthur | |- | ''Ƙarƙashin ciki'' | Ba haka ba | |} === Wasan Theatre === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2011 | ''Magana Namiji, Maganar Mace'' | Emeka | |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 | ''Bincike'' | Emeka | |- | ''Hukumar'' | Fawaz | |- | rowspan="3" | 2019 | ''Matar Lafiya'' | Nengak Josiah | |- | ''Matan'' | Lauya | |- | ''Whumanizer'' | Tunde Bridges | |} == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Tope Tedela at IMDb [[Category:Sanannun Yarbawa a gidajen rediyo]] [[Category:Muryoyin 'yan Najeriya a gidajen rediyo]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo a karni na 21]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Babu shekarar haihuwa]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza yarbawa]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza daga jihar Legas]] [[Category:Tsaffin Daliban Jamiar Legas]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza na Najeriya]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 47m6r9vvb4aubyefs15kvdgu1ri7zj8 0 28000 548025 485752 2024-11-28T23:12:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Ekenedilichukwu Ugochukwu Eric Nwenweh''', (an haife shi a watan Fabrairu 28 shekarata 1985) wanda aka fi sani da '''Ken Erics Ugo''' ko kuma a sauƙaƙe '''Ken Erics''' ɗan kwaikwayo ne ne na Najeriya kuma ɗan wasan talabijin, marubuci, furodusa kuma mawaƙin lokaci-lokaci. An san shi da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Ugo a cikin fim din 'The Iliterate' tare da [[Tonto Dikeh]] da Yul Edochie.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/19723/16/tontoh-dike-ken-erics-edochie-stars-the-illiterate.html |title=TONTOH DIKE, KEN ERICS, EDOCHIE STARS, THE ILLITERATE |last=Favour |first=Ugochukwu |date=18 January 2013 |work=Nigeria Films |accessdate=7 June 2016 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331141727/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/19723/16/tontoh-dike-ken-erics-edochie-stars-the-illiterate.html |archivedate=31 March 2016 }}</ref> Ya fito daga [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]]. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:President Barack Obama with full cabinet 09-10-09.jpg|thumb|Ken Erics]] An haifi Ken Erics a [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]], Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya a ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairun 1985<ref>{{cite news|url=http://naijagists.com/nollywood-celebrities-birthday-ken-erics-teco-benson-lilian-bach-a-year-older-today/|title=Nollywood Celebrities Birthday |last=Ola|first=Erinfolami|date=28 February 2014|work=Naijagists|accessdate=7 June 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> kuma shi ne na shida a cikin ’ya’ya bakwai na Eric Chukwuemeka Nwenweh da Grace Ifeyinwa Nwenweh dukkansu na Enugwu-Ukwu a Jihar Anambra, Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Shi dan [[Inyamurai|kabilar Ibo]] ne. Erics ya yi firamare a Binta Mustapha Science Nursery and Primary School, Kano, sannan ya yi sakandare a Dennis Memorial Grammar School (DMGS) Onitsha, Jihar Anambra. Yayin da yake karami, Erics ya nuna sha’awar fasahar kere-kere,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/my-childhood-interesting-entertaining-ken-erics/|title=My childhood interesting, entertaining —Ken Erics|last=Emedolibe|first=Ngozi|date=9 March 2016|work=National Mirror Newspaper|accessdate=7 June 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=14 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314143834/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/my-childhood-interesting-entertaining-ken-erics/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma hakan ya kai ga shigarsa Jami’ar Nnamdi Azikiwe Awka, Jihar Anambra, inda ya kammala digiri a fannin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya kuma yi digirinsa na biyu a fannin wasan kwaikwayo da na fina-finai. == Sana'a == A cikin shekara ta 2001, a matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko a Jami'a, Erics ya sami rawar fim ɗinsa na farko, a cikin fim ɗin Chris Ubani ya ba da umarnin fim ɗin 'Holy Prostitute'<ref>{{cite web|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|date=29 February 2016|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/ken-erics-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actor-id4744602.html|title=Ken Erics: 5 things you probably don't know about actor|work=The Pulse Ng|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=13 December 2021|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013141057/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ken-erics-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actor/1jcdxzh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kai tsaye zuwa dvd, inda ya taka ƙaramin rawa a matsayin likita., tare da fage guda uku kawai. Ya ci gaba da kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar kuma ya fara halartar wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya ba da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin fina-finai na gida. Duk da haka, hotonsa na "Ugo" a cikin 2012 a cikin fim ɗin ''The illiterates'' ya sa masu sauraro su so shi<ref>{{cite web|first=Sean|last=Sean|date=24 November 2014|url=http://dailymail.com.ng/interview-with-nollywood-ken-eric-one-of-nigerias-movie-industry-emerging-faces/2/|title=Interview With Nollywood Ken Eric, One of Nigeria's Movie Industry Emerging Faces|work=Daily Mail Nigeria|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=13 December 2021|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202040733/http://dailymail.com.ng/interview-with-nollywood-ken-eric-one-of-nigerias-movie-industry-emerging-faces/2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma ya buɗe masa ƙarin dama a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya. A matsayinsa na marubuci, Erics ya fara buga aikin ''Cell 2''<ref>{{cite web|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|date=29 February 2016|url=https://amymuses.wordpress.com/2015/02/21/cell-2/|title=Cell 2|work=Amymuses's Blog|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> ya sami jawo hankalin kuma an yi amfani dashi a yawancin manyan makarantun Najeriya don samar da matakai da dalilai na ilimi. A matsayinsa na mawaƙi na lokaci-lokaci wanda ke buga guitar da madannai, Erics,<ref>{{cite web|first=Ernesta|last=Izuronye|date=28 February 2016|url=http://nollywoodcommunity.com/nollywood-actor-ken-erics-has-passion-for-music-photos/|title=Nollywood Actor Ken Erics Has A Passion for Music (Photos)|work=Nollywood Community|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> wanda a baya ya gudanar da ƙungiyar kiɗan nasa, ya shiga cikin samar da adadin sauti na fim na asali. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da manyan jaruman fina-finai kamar su; [[Ngozi Ezeonu]], Yul Edochie, [[Desmond Elliot]], Chiwetalu Agu, [[Regina Daniels]] da sauransu. A cikin shekara ta 2014, Erics ya sami lambar yabo don Mafi kyawun Jarumin Tallafi a Kyautar ''Nishaɗi na City People'' da kuma Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jagora a Kyautar Afrifimo a Amurka. A cikin 2015, ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Jagora a Kyautar ''Nishaɗi na City People.''<ref>{{cite web|first=Mohammed|last=Lere|date=18 August 2015|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/nollywood-nigeria/188608-nollywood-list-of-celebrities-who-win-at-the-2015-city-people-award.html|title=Nollywood: List of celebrities who win at the 2015 city People Award|work=Premium Times|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2017, Erics ya lashe lambar yabo ta ''City People Entertainment'' Awards 2017 don Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jarumi na Shekara kuma an zaɓi shi don ''Kyautar Fim na Zinare'' a cikin 2018 don Mafi kyawun Jarumin tallafawa. A cikin Disamban 2018, Ken Erics ya saki waƙarsa ta farko ''Inozikwa Omee.'' Ya samu magoya bayan sa sun yaba da wakar sa na farko. Waƙar ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa tare da sauti mai ban sha'awa alama ce ta Ken Erics ba zai je ko'ina ba nan da nan.<ref>{{cite web|first=Ekpo|last=Nathan Nathaniel|date=14 December 2018|url=http://www.modernghana.com/amp/nollywood/35107/actor-ken-erics-releases-new-single-inozikwa-omee.html|title=Actor, Ken Erics Releases New Single INOZIKWA OMEE|work=Modern Ghana|location=Ghana}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2019, Ken Erics ya sanar da cewa ba zai cigaba da aure da matarsa, Onyi Adada ba. A cewar Jarumin ya zama mahimmanci ya bar aurensa bayan da abubuwa suka juya ba za su iya jurewa ba. Sai dai ya nuna farin cikinsa da kawo karshen kungiyar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.justnaijabase.com/2020/07/biography-of-ken-erics-net-worth-and-all-nollywood-movies.html//|title=Reason Ken Erics divorced his wife Onyi Adada|author=JustNaijaBase|date=2020-08-30|publisher=NaijaBase|accessdate=2020-08-30|archive-date=2020-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013141142/https://www.justnaijabase.com/2020/07/biography-of-ken-erics-net-worth-and-all-nollywood-movies.html///|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kyautuka == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Lamarin ! Kyauta ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamako |- | 2014 | City People Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Taimakawa | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- | 2014 | Kyautar Afrifimo (Amurka) | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jagora | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" | 2015 | Golden Icons Movie Awards (GIAMA) 2015 Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Matsayin Jagora | Ken Erics |{{Nom}} |- | Golden Icons Movie Awards (GIAMA) 2015 Awards | Mafi kyawun 'duo a kan allo' | Ken Erics da [[Kiki Omeili]] |{{Nom}} |- | City People Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- | Kyautar Afrifimo (Amurka) | Mafi kyawun 'duo a kan allo' | Ken Erics |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | City People Entertainment Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- | Nollywood Ambassadors Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Shekara | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- | 2018 | Golden Movie Awards (GMA) 2018 | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Taimakawa | Ken Erics |{{Nom}} |- | 2019 | Kyautar South South Achievers (SSA) 2019 | Namijin Jarumin Shekara | Ken Erics |{{Won}} |- |} == Fina-finai == '''Matsayinsa a Fina-finai''' {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Notes |- |2002 |Holy Prostitute |Doctor |Chris Ubani |Cameo Role |- |2006 |Silence of the gods |Onyegbula |Teco Benson |Home Video |- |2007 |Eran and Erak |Oliver |Theodore Anyanji |Feature Film |- |2010 |Evil intention |Santos |Ugezu j Ugezu |Feature Film |- |2011 |Gold not Silver |Nwokolo |Tchidi Chikere |Feature Film |- |2011 |A Better Tomorrow |Izu |Michael JaJa |Feature Film |- |2011 |Days of Gloom |Izu |Michael JaJa |Feature Film featuring John Dumelo, [[Olu Jacobs]] and Chioma Chukwuka |- |2012 |The Illiterate |Ugo |Silvester Madu |Feature Film |- |2013 |Release me oh Lord |Osita |Ifeanyi Ogbonna |Feature Film |- |2014 |Father Muonso |Father Elijah |Vincent De Anointed |Feature Film |- |2014 |Burning Bridges |Louis |[[Okechukwu Oku]] |Feature Film |- |2014 |Sugarcane |Azuka |Obinna Ukeze |Feature Film |- |2015 |Trials of Igho |Igho |Chris Eneaji |Lead/Feature Film |- |2015 |Echoes of Love |Prince |Ugezu J. Ugezu |Feature Film |- |2015 |Omalicham |Jeremiah |Ugezu J. Ugezu |Feature Film |- |2016 |Almost Perfect |Nonso |Desmond Elliot |Feature Film |- |2016 |Within these walls |Francis |[[Uche Jombo]] |Feature Film |- |2016 |Valerie |Joe |Taiwo Shittu |Feature Film |- |2016 |The Vengeance |Jeff |Goodnews Erico Isika |Feature Film |- |2016 |''Okafor's Law'' |Chuks A.k.A Fox |Omoni Oboli |Feature Film featuring Blossom a Chukwujekwu, Richard Mofe Damijo , Omoni Oboli |- |2017 |Crossed Path |Jesse |Frank Rajah Arase |Feature Film featuring [[Okawa Shaznay]], Frank Artus & Emem Inwang |- |2017 |What Lies Within |Brian |Vanessa Nzediegwu |Feature Film with [[Michelle Dede]], [[Tope Tedela]], [[Kiki Omeili]] |- |2017 |Omugwo |Raymond |Kunle Afolayan |Feature Film featuring Patience Ozokwo, Ayo Adesanya, Omowunmi Dada |- |2017 |Body Language |Lancelot |Moses Inwang |Feature Film featuring Ramsey Nouah, Tana Adelana |- |2017 |The Bridge |Augustine |Kunle Afolayan |Feature Film featuring Chidinma Ekile, Demola, Adedoyin, Zach Orji |- |2017 |Fate of Amanda | |- |2018 |You Are My Light |Samson |Vincent D Anointed |Feature Film produced by Ken Erics and featuring Yvonne Jegede, Ebele Okaro |- |2019 |Love Melody |Obiora |Ability Tagbo |Feature Film produced by Ken Erics and featuring [[Rachael Okonkwo]] |- |2019 |''Ordinary Fellows'' |Ekene |Lorenzo Menakaya and Ikenna Aniekwe |Feature Film featuring Wale Ojo, Chiwetalu Agu and Somadina Adinma |- |} '''Matsayin wasannin Talabijan''' {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Darakta ! Bayanan kula |- | 2005 | Yanar Gizo | | Livinus Otteh | Jerin talabijan |- | 2015 | Girma Tsohuwa | Chidi | Chris Inaji | Jerin talabijan |- |} '''Wasannin kwaikwayo''' {| class="wikitable" !Take ! Matsayi ! Marubuci |- | Fatan Rayayyun Matattu | Hacourt Whyte | Ola Rotimi |- | Gwajin Oba Ovoramnwen | Ofishin Jakadancin | Ola Rotimi |- | Hangmen kuma sun mutu | RIP | Daga Irobi |- | Childe International | Shugaba | Wole Soyinka |- | Kowane mutum | Kowane mutum | Obotunde Ijimere |- | Riko Am | Ise | Ola Rotimi |- | Zinariya, Turare da Mur | Prof Ogun | Daga Irobi |- |} == Wakoki == === Zaɓaɓɓu daga ciki === * ''Inozikwa Omee'' (2018) * ''Godiya Baba'' (2019) * ''Mama'' (2019) * ''Asiri da yawa'' (2019) * ''Yarinyar Rake'' (2019) * ''Kariya'' (2019) * ''Anom Gi N'aka'' (2019) * ''Love is Life'' (2019)    == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|5156941}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Category:Jarumai maza inyamurai]] [[Category:Mawaka maza na Najeriya]] [[Category:Jarumai maza na Najeiya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n7skp2kojgo27xefcyc3p1chnxdc3ir 0 28176 548026 215344 2024-11-28T23:12:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kenneth Okonkwo''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba , 1968) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya,<ref name=":0">"Kenneth Okonkwo Bio, Age, Wife, Songs, Movies, Daughter and Networth - Wiki". Retrieved 2021-12-22.</ref> wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a fim ɗin ''Living in Bondage'' a matsayin Andy Okeke. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Kenneth Okonkwo a garin [[Nsukka|Nsukka na]] [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu]].<ref>Kenneth Okonkwo". ''IMDb''. Retrieved 2021-12-22.</ref> Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri a fannin harkokin kasuwanci a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], Nsukka da Masters a fannin shari'a da diflomasiya daga Jami'ar Legas, Akoka.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2013 ya lashe lambar yabo na African Movie Academy Award" da girmamawa na musamman na Pillars na Nollywood. <ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/04/nollywood-domination-view-the-full-list-of-winners-at-the-african-movie-academy-awards-2013/ - bellanaija.com</ref> 2015 an ba shi lambar yabo ta musamman daga masu shirya lambar yabo ta City People Entertainment Awards saboda gudummawar da ya bayar wajen bunkasa nishadantarwa a Najeriya. <ref>http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-awards-2015-mercy-aigbe-ali-nuhu-kenneth-okonkwo-emerge-winners-id4080403.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425162942/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-awards-2015-mercy-aigbe-ali-nuhu-kenneth-okonkwo-emerge-winners-id4080403.html |date=2018-04-25 }} - pulse.ng</ref> <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/reasons-controversial-letter-gov-ugwuanyi-kenneth-okonkwo/ - vanguard nigeria newspaper</ref> <ref>http://leadership.ng/2017/08/15/kenneth-okonkwo-makes-cameo-appearance-new-episode-glos-professor-johnbull/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311083236/https://leadership.ng/2017/08/15/kenneth-okonkwo-makes-cameo-appearance-new-episode-glos-professor-johnbull/ |date=2019-03-11 }} - leadership nigeria newspaper</ref> <ref>http://dailypost.ng/2017/04/07/attack-ugwuanyi-agent-mischief-kinsmen-blast-nollywood-actor-kenneth-okonkwo/ - dailypost nigeria newspaper</ref> <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/actor-kenneth-okonkwo-zenith-ingratitude/ - vanguard nigeria newspaper</ref> <ref>https://www.nigeriafilms.com/more/84-nollywood-exclusive/8556-divorce-has-taken-nothing-away-from-my-christianity - nigeriafilms.com</ref> <ref>http://www.informationng.com/2017/10/chiwetalu-agu-believes-qualified-run-affairs-nollywood.html - informationng.com</ref> <ref>http://thenet.ng/2017/09/omoni-oboli-wives-on-strike-gets-a-release-date/ - thenet.ng</ref> <ref>https://entertainment.naij.com/307638-top-nollywood-actor-kenneth-okonkwo-joins-politics.html#307638 - entertainment.naij.com</ref> == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+ !s/n !Fina-finai !Shekara |- |1. |Living in Bondage: Breaking Free |2019 |- |2. |The British Expert |2019 |- |3. |iBelieve |2018 |- |4. |Wives on Strike: The Revolution |2017 |- |5. |16th Anniversary |2017 |- |6. |Wives on Strike |2016 |- |7. |Amanda my Village Wife |2015 |- |8. |41Love |2015 |- |9. |Heart of a Saint |2012 |- |10. |Heart of a Saint 2 |2012 |- |11. |Just in Case |2012/II |- |12. |Heart of a Widow |2011 |- |13 |Heart of a Widow 2 |2011 |- |14. |Royal King |2011 |- |15. |Royal King 2 |2011 |- |16. |Weeping Soul |2011 |- |17. |Weeping Soul 2 |2011 |- |18. |King of Kings |2009 |- |19. |King of Kings 2 |2009 |- |20 |King of Kings 3 |2009 |- |21. |Final Tussle |2008 |- |22. |Kingdom of Men |2008 |- |23. |Kingdom of Men 2 |2008 |- |24. |The Return of Ogidi |2008 |- |25. |The Return of Ogidi 2 |2008 |- |26. |666 (Beware the End Is at Hand) |2007 |- |27. |666 (Beware the End Is at Hand) 2 |2007 |- |28 |African Soldier |2007 |- |29. |African Soldier 2 |2007 |- |30. |Divine Grace |2007 |- |31. |Divine Grace 2 |2007 |- |32. |Greatness |2007 |- |33. |Greatness 2 |2007 |- |34. |Sins of the Heart |2007 |- |35. |Sins of the Heart 2 |2007 |- |36. |The Last Tradition |2007 |- |37. |The Last Tradition 2 |2007 |- |38. |The Revelation |2007 |- |39. |The Revelation 2 |2007 |- |40. |The Signs of End Time |2007 |- |41. |The Signs of End Time 2 |2007 |- |42. |The Trinity |2007 |- |43. |The Trinity 2 |2007 |- |44. |Titanic Tussle |2007 |- |45. |Titanic Tussle 2 |2007 |- |46. |Trumpet of Death |2007 |- |47. |Trumpet of Death 2 |2007 |- |48. |Village Destroyers |2007 |- |49. |Village Destroyers 2 |2007 |- |50. |Across the River |2006 |- |51. |Across the River 2 |2006 |- |52. |Angel in Hell |2006 |- |53. |Angel in Hell 2 |2006 |- |54. |Explosion: Now or Never |2006 |- |55. |Explosion 2: Now or Never |2006 |- |56. |Explosion 3: Now or Never |2006 |- |57. |My Promise |2006 |- |58. |My Promise 2 |2006 |- |59. |Sacred Blood |2006 |- |60 |Sacred Blood |2006 |- |61. |The Biggest Boy in Town |2006 |- |62. |The Biggest Boy in Town 2 |2006 |- |63. |The Devil in Her |2006 |- |64. |The Devil in Her |2006 |- |65 |The Golden Fish |2006 |- |66. |The Golden Fish 2 |2006 |- |67. |The Hard Solution |2006 |- |68. |End of Money 1 & 2 |2005 |- |69. |Windfall 1& 2 |2005 |- |70. |A Million Madness |2004 |- |71. |Beyond Reason |2004 |- |72. |Government House 1 & 2 |2004 |- |73. |Inheritance |2004 |- |74. |My Desire 1 & 2 |2004 |- |75. |Treasure 1 & 2 |2004 |- |76. |World Apart 1& 2 |2004 |- |77. |Naomi |2003 |- |78. |To Love a Thief |2003 |- |79. |Holy Ghost Fire |2001 |- |80. |The Suitors |2000 |- |81. |Oganigwe |1999 |- |82. |Living in Bondage 2 |1993 |- |83. |Living in Bondage |1992 |} == Duba kuma == * 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards == Manazarta ==   [[Category:Tsaffin daliban Jami'ar Lagos]] [[Category:Tsaffin daliban University of Nigeria]] [[Category:'Yan wasan kwaikwayo maza na Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 4flsfnzyfxs73m9nhlubnikuelimshb 0 28555 548117 518228 2024-11-29T06:27:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548117 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Yvonne Nelson in Sisters at War.png|thumb|Yvonne Nelson]] [[Fayil:Yvonne Nelson, Ghanaian actress.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Nelson]] '''Yvonne Nelson''' (an haife ta 12 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1985)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yen.com.gh/114649-profile-yvonne-nelson-husband-pregnancy-career.html|title=Profile: Yvonne Nelson husband, pregnancy and career|last=Gracia|first=Zindzy|date=2018-08-21|website=Yen.com.gh|language=en|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> yar wasan Ghana ce, abin ƙira, mai shirya fim kuma 'yar kasuwa.<ref name="ok">[http://buzzghana.com/yvonne-nelson-profile-biography-facts/ Yvonne Nelson facts], BuzzGhana, Retrieved 22 September 2016</ref> Ta fito a matsayin tauraruwa a cikin fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da ''House of Gold'' (2013), ''Any other Monday'', ''In April'', da kuma fim din ''Swings''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Watch Yvonne Nelson, Kafui Danku, Jose Tolbert in new movie trailer|url=http://pulse.com.gh/movies/any-other-monday-watch-yvonne-nelson-kafui-danku-jose-tolbert-in-new-movie-trailer-id4610204.html|website=Pulse.com.gh|author=David Mawuli|date=26 January 2016|access-date=28 January 2016|archive-date=27 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127104103/http://pulse.com.gh/movies/any-other-monday-watch-yvonne-nelson-kafui-danku-jose-tolbert-in-new-movie-trailer-id4610204.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/What-Yvonne-Nelson-wore-to-In-April-movie-premiere-got-everyone-talking-467357|title=What Yvonne Nelson wore to 'In April' movie premiere got everyone talking|date=2016-09-04|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2018-12-17}}</ref><ref name="Pulse20171122">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/swings-movie-starring-yvonne-nelson-chris-attoh-henry-adofo-premieres-november-25/kd7hxln|title=Movie starring Yvonne Nelson, Chris Attoh, Henry Adofo premieres November 25|author=David Mawuli|date=2017-11-22|website=Pulse.com.gh|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-17|archive-date=2018-12-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217202230/http://www.pulse.com.gh/swings-movie-starring-yvonne-nelson-chris-attoh-henry-adofo-premieres-november-25/kd7hxln|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kuruciya == [[File:Yvonne Nelson 2015 In House Of Gold 05.png|thumb|Yvonne Nelson]] An haifi Yvonne Nelson a birnin [[Accra]], Ghana. Ta kasance daga zuriyar mutanen Fante da mutanen Ga. Ta fara karatun ta a St. Martin De Porres School a [[Accra]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/ghana/people/moviestars/yvonne_nelson/biography/|title=Yvonne Nelson|website=www.peacefmonline.com|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> daga baya ta tafi zuwa makarantar Aggrey Memorial Senior High School. Ta yi karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Jami'ar Zenith da Jami'ar [[Central University (Ghana)|Central University]], inda ta yi karatun digiri a kan kula da albarkatun jama'a (human resource management). <ref>[http://africamagic.dstv.com/2015/11/12/all-about-yvonne-nelson/ "All about Yvonne Nelson"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923210615/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2015/11/12/all-about-yvonne-nelson/ |date=2016-09-23 }}, Africa Magic.</ref> <ref>[https://ibakatv.com/yvonne-nelson Yvonne Nelson profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723144201/https://ibakatv.com/yvonne-nelson |date=2019-07-23 }}, Ibaka TV.</ref> Ta kammala karatu daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Jama'a ta Ghana (GIMPA) tare da Digiri na biyu a Harkokin Hulɗa da Diflomasiya a 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yvonne Nelson reveals why she went back to school – MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/music/yvonne-nelson-reveals-why-she-went-back-to-school/|access-date=2020-11-13|website=www.myjoyonline.com|archive-date=2020-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114145339/https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/music/yvonne-nelson-reveals-why-she-went-back-to-school/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == Nelson, tsohuwar 'ƴar takarar Miss Ghana ce, ta fito a cikin wani sashi na fim a matsayin babbar jaruma a shirin cikin Princess Tyra da Playboy.<ref name="auto"/> Ta shiga harkar fim a shekarar 2011. Shirinta na farko shine fim din ''The Price'', wanda aka saki a cikin wannan shekarar. <ref name="auto" /> Ta kuma samar da ''Single and Married'' a 2012 da ''House of Gold'' a 2013.<ref name=house>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/02/05/bn-exclusive-coming-soon-to-the-big-screen-ice-prince-omawumi-majid-michel-mercy-chinwo-eddie-watson-star-in-yvonne-nelsons-movie-house-of-gold-your-behind-the-scenes-look-scoop/ | title=BN Exclusive: Coming Soon to the Big Screen! Ice Prince, Omawumi, Majid Michel, Mercy Chinwo & Eddie Watson star in Yvonne Nelson's Movie "House of Gold" - Your Behind-the-Scenes Look & Scoop | work=Bella Naija | date=5 February 2013 | access-date=30 September 2016 | author=Aiki, Damilare}}</ref> Shirin karshen ya ci kyauta Best Picture a gasar [[Ghana Movie Awards]], kuma Mafi kyawun shirin Ghana wato Best Ghanaian Movie a 2013 City Mutane Entertainment Awards.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://nigerianfinder.com/yvonne-nelson-biography-career-other-details/|title=Yvonne Nelson: Biography, Career & Other Details|website=nigerianfinder.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-24}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == A ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 2017, Nelson ta haifi 'yarta Ryn Roberts tare da tsohon saurayinta, Jamie Roberts. <ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/january-10th/yvonne-nelson-reveals-why-she-decided-to-have-a-baby-with-jamie-roberts.php "Yvonne Nelson's Daughter"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106132451/https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/january-10th/yvonne-nelson-reveals-why-she-decided-to-have-a-baby-with-jamie-roberts.php |date=2018-11-06 }} : Yvonne Nelson reveals why she decided to have a baby with Jamie Roberts. Retrieved 23 March 2018.</ref> Jarumar dai ta yi shiru kan jita-jitar da ake ta yaɗawa na cikinta har sai da ta sanar da haihuwar ‘yarta a farkon shafin Mujallar WOW. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/11/yvonne-nelson-pregnancy-photos-out-after-childbirth/|title=Yvonne Nelson pregnancy photos out after 'childbirth'|date=2017-11-13|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-02}}</ref> == Tallafawa jama'a == [[File:Yvonne-Nelson.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Nelson]] Nelson ta kafa gidauniyar Yvonne Nelson Glaucoma a shekara ta 2010<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Yvonne-Nelson-s-daughter-s-name-is-Ruler-614138|title=Yvonne Nelson's daughter's name is 'Ruler'|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> don taimakawa wajen wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar. Tare da goyon bayan wasu mashahuran 'yan Ghana, ta nadi wani fitaccen jarumin sadaka kuma ta dauki hoton bidiyo don taimakawa wajen ilimantar da mutane. Ta kuma dauki hoton bidiyo don taimakawa wajen ilimantar da mutane game da cutar glaucoma.<ref name=":0" /> A sakamakon ayyukanta na taimakon jama'a musamman ma a cikin glaucoma '', GoWoman Magazine'' da Printex sun karrama ta saboda kafuwarta da harkar fim. <ref>[https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/04/ghollywood-star-yvonne-nelson-honoured-by-gowoman-magazine-printex-for-film-career-glaucoma-awareness/ "Ghollywood Star Yvonne Nelson honoured by GoWoman Magazine"], Bella Naija, 15 April 2015.</ref> == Gangamin == [[Fayil:Yvonne Nelson In House Of Gold 2015.png|thumb|Yvonne Nelson]] A ranar 17 ga watan Mayu, 2015 Nelson ta ɗauki alhaki, tare da sauran mashahuran mutane, don ƙara ƙarin isarwa jama'a a zanga-zangar adawa da matsalar lantarki (energy) a ƙasarta.<ref>{{cite web|author=K. Effah|date=2015|url=http://yen.com.gh/17405-yvonne-nelson-commends-president-mahama-improvement-dumsor.html|title=Yvonnne Nelson Commends President Mahama For Improvement In Dumsor|website=Yen.com.gh|access-date=30 September 2016|archive-date=9 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409025505/https://yen.com.gh/17405-yvonne-nelson-commends-president-mahama-improvement-dumsor.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Ta jagoranci gangamin'' lumana mai suna DumsorMustStop a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2015. A halin yanzu ana amfani da maudu'in #dumsormussttop a shafukan sada zumunta domin kara nuna damuwar ' yan Ghana dangane da matsalar makamashi. Yvonne, wadda aka sani a baya-bayan nan tana ta yin tsokaci kan batutuwan siyasa a kasar. Ta koka kan rashin samun cigaba a Ghana tun bayan da kasar ta samu 'yancin kai a shekarar 1957.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghbase.com/yvonne-nelson-on-ghanas-development/|title='I'm Waiting For The Day No One Goes Out To Vote'- Yvonne Nelson|date=2019-04-18|website=GhBase•com™|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-19|archive-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419214129/https://www.ghbase.com/yvonne-nelson-on-ghanas-development/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta shaida wa BBC a wata hira da ta yi da ita cewa za ta iya yin tunanin tsayawa takarar siyasa a nan gaba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/may-go-politics-yvonne-nelson-tells-bbc/|title=I May Go Into Politics - Yvonne Nelson Tells BBC|date=2017-02-13|website=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-02}}</ref> Jaruma Yvonne Nelson ta wallafa a shafinta na Twitter cewa tana sa ran ranar da 'yan Ghana za su ki kada ƙuri'a a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa domin aikewa da sako ga 'yan siyasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2019/April-19th/yvonne-nelson-urges-ghanaians-to-boycott-elections.php|title=Yvonne Nelson urges Ghanaians to boycott elections|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=2019-04-19|archive-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419181745/https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2019/April-19th/yvonne-nelson-urges-ghanaians-to-boycott-elections.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Yabo == Yvonne Nelson ta samu lambar yabo ta musamman a "Jaruman Canji na MTN" don karrama aikin agajin da ta yi na yaki da cutar glaucoma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/yvonne-nelson-yvonne-okoro-others-pick-mtn-special-awards/|title=Yvonne Nelson, Yvonne Okoro Others Pick MTN Special Awards|date=2018-05-21|website=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> == Fina-finan jaruma == Nelson ta fito a cikin fina-finai sama da 100, wadanda suka hada da: == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Lamarin ! Kyauta ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamako |- | 2008 | 4th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Best Upcoming Actress | ''Gimbiya Tyra'' |Princess Tyra |- | 2009 | Joy Nite FM Awards | Stars Best Actress || |- | rowspan="3" | 2010 | rowspan="2" | [[Kyautar Finafinai ta Ghana 2010|2010 Ghana Movie Awards]] | Best Actress - Supporting Role | ''Wasan'' |The Game<ref name="peacef">{{Cite web|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201108/62142.php|title=Yvonne Nelson Wins Ghana's Best Actress Award|date=10 Aug 2011|website=www.peacefmonline.com}}</ref> |- | Favorite Actress | Ita kanta |Herself |- | 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actress | ''Zuciyar Maza''|''[[Heart of Men]]'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2011 | 2011 Ghana Movie Awards | Best Actress - Supporting Role | ''4An sake kunnawa'' |''4Play Reloaded'' |- | City People Awards | Best Ghanaian Actress | |- | rowspan="3" | 2012 | rowspan="3" | 2012 Ghana Awards Awards | Best Actress | rowspan="3" | ''Single & Married'' |- | Haɗin gwiwar Hoto mafi kyawun Afirka |Best Picture-Africa Collaboration |- | Mafi kyawun Hoto|Best Picture |- | rowspan="3" | 2013 | rowspan="2" | Kyautar Fina-Finan Ghana na 2013 | Best Actress | ''Farashin'' |The Price |- |Glitz Magazine Fans Favorite Actress | Ita kanta |Herself |- | City People Entertainment Awards |Hottest Ghanaian Actress in Nollywood | Ita kanta |Herself{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} |- | 2014 | 2014 Ghana Awards Awards |Best Actress - Leading Role | ''Makarantun digiri'' |''Bachelors'' |- | rowspan="4" | 2015 | rowspan="3" | Kyautar Fina-Finan Ghana 2015 |Best Actress - Leading Role | rowspan="3" |''if Tomorrow Never Comes'' |- | Mafi kyawun Hoto |Best Picture |- | Fitacciyar Jaruma |Favorite Actress |- | Glitz Style Awards |Most Stylish Movie Star | Ita kanta |Herself<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.irokotv.com/2015/10/05/yvonne-nelson-joselyn-dumas-win-glitz-style-awards/|title=Yvonne Nelson, Joselyn Dumas win Glitz Style Awards!|date=October 5, 2015|access-date=January 12, 2022|archive-date=November 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115130316/http://blog.irokotv.com/2015/10/05/yvonne-nelson-joselyn-dumas-win-glitz-style-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2016 | Ghana Film Awards | Best Actress | ''A watan Afrilu'' |''In April'' |- | 2018 | Ghana Film Awards |Best Actress | Jungle Justice | nasara |}   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2925168}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Mutane daga Accra]] [[Category:Mutanen Fante]] [[Category:Furodusoshin fim yan Ghana]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1985]] ak16612md5lmhudai2gy2ec4oob906g 0 29323 547636 539392 2024-11-28T18:24:13Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Binciken ciwon daji''' yana nufin gano, cewon [[Sankara|kansa]] kafin bayyanar cututtuka. <ref name="NIH2">{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/Patient|title=What Is Cancer Screening?|publisher=[[National Cancer Institute]]|date=2010-01-13}}</ref> Wannan na iya haɗawa da gwajin jini, gwajin fitsari, gwajin DNA, da koma, wasu gwaje-gwaje, ko hoton likita .<ref name="NIH2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm599560.htm|title=Press Announcements - FDA authorizes, with special controls, direct-to-consumer test that reports three mutations in the BRCA breast cancer genes|date=2019-09-10}}</ref> Amfanin dubawa cikin sharuddan [[Rigakafin Cutar Daji|rigakafin ciwon daji]], gano wuri da wuri da Kuma magani na gaba dole ne a auna shi da kowane lahani. Nunawa na duniya, wanda kuma aka sani da gwajin taro ko tantance yawan jama'a, ya haɗa da tantance kowa, yawanci a cikin takamaiman rukunin shekaru.<ref name="Wilson2">{{cite book|last1=Wilson|first1=JMG|last2=Jungner|first2=G|year=1968|url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|title=Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease|location=Geneva|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|series=Public Health Papers|volume=34|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2011-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604205519/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Zaɓen tantancewa yana gano mutanen da aka san suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, kamar mutanen da ke da tarihin iyali na ciwon daji. Nunawa na iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau na ƙarya da hanyoyin ɓarna na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092">{{cite journal|last1=Croswell|first19=DJ|last15=Crawford|first15=ED|last16=Fouad|first16=MN|last17=Gelmann|first17=EP|last18=Lamerato|first18=L|last19=Reding|last20=Schoen|last14=Church|first20=RE|title=Cumulative incidence of false-positive results in repeated, multimodal cancer screening|journal=[[Annals of Family Medicine]]|volume=7|issue=3|pages=212–22|year=2009|pmid=19433838|pmc=2682972|doi=10.1370/afm.942|first14=TR|first13=D|first1=JM|last7=Fagerstrom|last2=Kramer|first2=BS|last3=Kreimer|first3=AR|last4=Prorok|first4=PC|last5=Xu|first5=JL|last6=Baker|first6=SG|first7=R|last13=Chia|last8=Riley|first8=TL|last9=Clapp|first9=JD|last10=Berg|first10=CD|last11=Gohagan|first11=JK|last12=Andriole|first12=GL|display-authors=4}}</ref> Hakanan dubawa na iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya, inda aka rasa ciwon daji da ke wanzu. Rikici yana tasowa lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasadar tsarin tantancewar da kanta, da kuma duk wani gwaji da jiyya na bin diddigi.<ref name="SIcancerscreening2">{{cite journal|last1=Nogueira|first1=Felipe|title=Screening for prostate and breast cancer: It's more complex than you may think|journal=Skeptical Inquirer|date=2019|volume=43|issue=1|pages=50–53}}</ref> Gwaje-gwajen nunawa dole ne su kasance masu tasiri, lafiyayye, jurewa da kyau tare da ƙarancin ƙima na sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya . Idan an gano alamun ciwon daji, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje masu mahimmanci da ɓarna don isa ga ganewar asali. Yin gwajin cutar kansa zai iya haifar da rigakafin cutar kansa da kuma ganewar asali a baya. Ganewar asali na farko na iya haifar da ƙarin ƙimar magani mai nasara da tsawaita rayuwa. Duk da haka, yana iya zama ƙarya don ƙara lokacin mutuwa ta hanyar nuna son kai ko tsayin lokaci . == Amfanin likitanci == Manufar gwajin cutar kansa ita ce samar da bayanan lafiya masu amfani waɗanda za su iya jagorantar jiyya.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132">{{cite journal|title=Cancer Tests You Need and Don't|journal=Consumer Reports|date=March 2013|url=http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2013/03/the-cancer-tests-you-need-and-those-you-don-t/index.htm|accessdate=27 February 2017}}</ref>  Binciken na iya taimakawa wajen gano ciwon daji a farkon matakai. Kyakkyawan gwajin cutar kansa ba zai zama mafi kusantar haifar da lahani ba fiye da samar da bayanai masu amfani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gabaɗaya, gwajin cutar kansa yana da haɗari kuma bai kamata a yi shi ba sai da alamar likita .<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Daban-daban hanyoyin duban cutar kansa suna da haɗari daban-daban, amma gwaje-gwaje masu kyau suna raba wasu halaye.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132"/> Idan gwajin ya gano ciwon daji, to sakamakon gwajin shima yakamata ya haifar da zabin magani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gwaje-gwaje masu kyau sun zo tare da bayanin majiyyaci na dalilin da yasa wannan mutumin yana da isasshen haɗarin kansa don tabbatar da gwajin.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Wani ɓangare na ƙwarewar gwaji shine don mai ba da kiwon lafiya don bayyana yadda sakamakon tabbataccen ƙarya na gama gari ya kasance don majiyyaci ya fahimci mahallin sakamakon su.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Idan akwai gwaje-gwaje da yawa, to yakamata a gabatar da gwajin gwaji tare da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> == Hatsari == Binciken cutar kansa yana da cece-kuce a lokuta lokacin da har yanzu ba a san ko gwajin ya ceci rayuka ba.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Osório|first1=Flávia|last2=Lima|first2=Manuela Polidoro|last3=Chagas|first3=Marcos Hortes|title=Assessment And Screening Of Panic Disorder In Cancer Patients: Performance Of The PHQ-PD|journal=Journal of Psychosomatic Research|date=January 2015|volume=78|issue=1|pages=91–94|pmid=25242741|doi=10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.09.001}}</ref> Nunawa na iya haifar da ingantaccen sakamako na gaskiya na ƙarya da kuma hanyoyin cin zarafi na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092"/> Rigimar ta taso lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce haɗarin gwaje-gwajen bincike na bin diddigin da kuma maganin ciwon daji. Ba a nuna gwajin cutar kansa ba sai dai idan tsawon rayuwa ya wuce shekaru biyar kuma amfanin ba shi da tabbas fiye da shekaru 70.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Spalding|first1=MC|last2=Sebesta|first2=SC|title=Geriatric screening and preventive care|journal=[[American Family Physician]]|volume=78|issue=2|pages=206–15|date=July 15, 2008|pmid=18697503|url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0715/p206.html}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwa da yawa don tantance ko fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasada da tsadar aikin tantancewar.<ref name="NIH2"/> Waɗannan abubuwan sun haɗa da: * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga gwajin nunawa: Wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen nunawa, kamar hotunan X-ray, suna fallasa jiki ga radiation ionizing mai cutarwa. Akwai ƙaramin damar cewa radiation a cikin gwajin zai iya haifar da sabon ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Binciken mammography, wanda ake amfani da shi don gano ciwon nono, ba a ba da shawarar ga maza ko matasa mata ba saboda suna iya cutar da su ta hanyar gwajin fiye da amfana da shi. Sauran gwaje-gwaje, kamar duban fata don ciwon daji, ba su da wani babban haɗari na cutarwa ga majiyyaci. Gwajin da ke da babban lahani ana ba da shawarar ne kawai lokacin da fa'idodin kuma ya yi yawa. * Yiwuwar gwajin gano kansa daidai: Idan gwajin ba shi ''da hankali'', to yana iya rasa kansa. Idan gwajin ba ''takamaiman'' ba, to yana iya kuskure ya nuna ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Duk gwaje-gwajen gwajin cutar kansa suna haifar da abubuwan da suka dace na ƙarya da na ƙarya, kuma galibi suna samar da ƙarin tabbataccen ƙarya. Masana sunyi la'akari da adadin kurakurai lokacin yin shawarwari game da gwajin, idan akwai, don amfani. Gwaji na iya yin aiki mafi kyau a wasu jama'a fiye da wasu. Ƙimar tsinkaya mai kyau ita ce ƙididdige yiwuwar cewa sakamakon gwaji mai kyau yana wakiltar ciwon daji a cikin wani mutum da aka ba shi, bisa sakamakon mutanen da ke da irin abubuwan haɗari. * Yiwuwar ciwon kansa ya kasance: Binciken ba ya da amfani ga cututtukan daji da ba kasafai ba. Ba kasafai ake yi wa matasa ba, tunda ciwon daji cuta ce da ake samu a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 50. Kasashe galibi suna mai da hankali kan shawarwarin tantancewarsu kan manyan nau'ikan cutar kansar da ake iya magancewa da ake samu a yawan al'ummarsu. Alal misali, {asar Amirka ta ba da shawarar yin nazari na duniya don [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na hanji, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka, amma ba don ciwon ciki ba, wanda ba shi da yawa; Sabanin haka, Japan ta ba da shawarar auna cutar kansar ciki, amma ba cutar kansar hanji ba, wadda ba ta da yawa a Japan. Shawarwari na tantancewa sun dogara da haɗarin mutum, tare da mutanen da ke da haɗari waɗanda ke karɓar gwajin farko da yawa fiye da masu ƙarancin haɗari. * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga hanyoyin biyowa: Idan gwajin gwajin ya tabbata, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen bincike akai-akai, kamar biopsy na nama. Idan gwajin ya haifar da alamun ƙarya da yawa, to, mutane da yawa za su yi amfani da hanyoyin kiwon lafiya marasa buƙata, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama haɗari. * Ko akwai maganin da ya dace kuma ya dace: An hana yin gwajin gwaji idan babu ingantaccen magani.<ref name="Wilson2"/> Lokacin da ba a sami ingantacciyar magani mai dacewa ba, to, ganewar cutar mai saurin kisa yana haifar da lahani mai mahimmanci na tunani da tunani. Misali, gwajin cutar kansa na yau da kullun bai dace ba a cikin tsoho mai rauni sosai, saboda maganin duk wani ciwon daji da aka gano zai iya kashe majiyyaci. * Ko ganowa da wuri yana inganta sakamakon jiyya: Ko da lokacin da ake samun magani, wani lokacin ganowa da wuri ba ya inganta sakamakon. Idan sakamakon maganin ya kasance daidai da cewa ba a yi gwajin ba, to, shirin kawai na tantancewa shine ƙara tsawon lokacin da mutum ya rayu tare da sanin cewa yana da ciwon daji. Ana kiran wannan al'amari son zuciya-lokaci . Shirin tantancewa mai fa'ida yana rage adadin shekarun yuwuwar rayuwa da aka rasa (tsawon rayuka) da kuma daidaita rayuwar nakasassu da aka rasa (rayuwar lafiya). * Ko ciwon daji zai taɓa buƙatar magani: Ganewar ciwon daji a cikin mutumin da kansar ba zai taɓa cutar da shi ba ana kiransa overdiagnosis . Ciwon daji ya fi yawa a tsakanin tsofaffi masu ciwon daji masu saurin girma. Damuwa game da cutar kanjamau ya zama ruwan dare ga ciwon nono da prostate. * Ko gwajin ya kasance karbuwa ga marasa lafiya: Idan gwajin gwajin yana da nauyi sosai, kamar buƙatar lokaci mai yawa, zafi mai yawa, ko halayen da ba a yarda da su a al'ada ba, to mutane za su ƙi shiga.<ref name="Wilson2" /> * Farashin gwajin: Wasu ƙwararrun Ma'aikata ta Amurka, ta yi watsi da batun kuɗi gaba ɗaya. Yawancin, duk da haka, sun haɗa da nazarin ingancin farashi wanda, duk sauran daidai yake, yana son gwaje-gwaje marasa tsada akan gwaje-gwaje masu tsada, da ƙoƙarin daidaita farashin shirin nunawa akan fa'idodin amfani da waɗannan kuɗi don wasu shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya . Waɗannan ƙididdigar yawanci sun haɗa da jimillar kuɗin shirin nunawa ga tsarin kiwon lafiya, kamar ba da odar gwaji, yin gwajin, bayar da rahoton sakamakon, da biopsies don sakamakon da ake tuhuma, amma ba yawanci farashin mutum ba, kamar na ɗan lokaci da aka ɗauka. nesa da aiki. * Matsayin da ake iya magance ciwon daji: idan mutum yana da ƙarancin tsawon rayuwa ko kuma yana cikin matakan ƙarshe na rashin lafiya, to irin wannan majiyyaci na iya samun rayuwa mafi kyau ta hanyar yin watsi da ciwon daji ko da an gano shi. Idan ganewar ciwon daji ba zai haifar da canji a cikin kulawa ba to gwajin ciwon daji ba zai iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau ba. Ƙwararren bincike a cikin wannan yanayin yana faruwa, alal misali, a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtuka na ƙarshen zamani da kungiyoyi suna ba da shawarar yin gwajin cutar kansa ga irin waɗannan marasa lafiya.<ref name="ASNfive2">{{Cite web|author=American Society of Nephrology|author-link=American Society of Nephrology|title=Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question|publisher=[[ABIM Foundation]]|work=Choosing Wisely|url=http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|accessdate=August 17, 2012|archive-date=April 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412042543/http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESRDcancerfinancal2">{{Cite journal|last1=Chertow|first1=GM|last2=Paltiel|first2=AD|last3=Owen|first3=WF|last4=Lazarus|first4=JM|title=Cost-effectiveness of cancer screening in end-stage renal disease|doi=10.1001/archinte.1996.00440110117016|journal=[[JAMA Internal Medicine|Archives of Internal Medicine]]|volume=156|issue=12|pages=1345–50|year=1996|pmid=8651845}}</ref> == Ta nau'in == == Ciwon nono == Binciken ciwon nono shine gwajin likita na asymptomatic, a fili mata masu lafiya don [[Sankaran Nono|ciwon nono]] a yunƙurin cimma ganewar asali a baya. Manufar ganowa da wuri shine a nemo ciwon daji lokacin da za'a iya magance shi. An yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwaji da yawa, gami da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da na kai, mammography, gwajin nono na asibiti, jarrabawar nono, thermography, samfurin nama da hoton maganadisu. Mammography ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don tantance ciwon nono ga matan da suka kai shekaru 50 zuwa sama. Akwai [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html mammograms na 3D] yanzu ana amfani da su kuma ga matan da ke da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono suna iya samun MRI. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Publishing|first=Harvard Health|title=Breast cancer screening: Options beyond the mammogram|url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/breast-cancer-screening-options-beyond-the-mammogram|access-date=2021-04-05|website=Harvard Health|date=13 June 2014}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwan haɗari na ciwon nono don yanke shawara idan ana buƙatar gwajin gwaji kuma idan haka ne wanda ya fi dacewa ga mutum.<ref>{{Citation|last=PDQ Screening and Prevention Editorial Board|title=Breast Cancer Screening (PDQ®): Patient Version|date=2002|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65715/|work=PDQ Cancer Information Summaries|publisher=National Cancer Institute (US)|pmid=26389160|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> ==Ciwon mahaifa == [[File:Ca_in_situ,_cervix.jpg|thumb| Hoton microscope na glandar mahaifa yana nuna wani yanki na dysplasia epithelial babba.]] Binciken mahaifa ta hanyar gwajin Pap ko wasu hanyoyin yana da matukar tasiri wajen ganowa da kuma hana [[ciwon daji na mahaifa]], kodayake akwai haɗarin wuce gona da iri a cikin mata matasa har zuwa shekaru 20 ko sama da haka, waɗanda ke da saurin samun ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda ke sharewa. ta halitta.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lixin|first8=Wang|pmid=25410572|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-1185|pages=1185|issue=1|volume=14|date=2014|journal=BMC Public Health|title=Prevalence And Risk Factors For Cervical Neoplasia: A Cervical Cancer Screening Program In Beijing|first10=Guo|last10=Xiuhua|first9=Zheng|last9=Zihe|last8=Wei|first1=Tao|first7=Luo|last7=Yanxia|first6=Wu|last6=Lijuan|first5=Pan|last5=Lei|first4=Gao|last4=Qi|first3=Li|last3=Xia|first2=Han|last2=Lili|pmc=4256817}}</ref> Akwai kewayo mai yawa a cikin shekarun da aka ba da shawarar da za a fara nunawa a duniya. Dangane da ka'idodin Turai na 2010 don gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa, shekarun da za a fara gwajin ya bambanta tsakanin shekaru 20-30, "amma ba fi son kafin shekaru 25 ko 30 ba", ya danganta da nauyin cutar a cikin yawan jama'a da albarkatun da ake da su.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Arbyn|title=European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. Second edition--summary document|doi=10.1093/annonc/mdp471|pmid=20176693|pages=448–58|issue=3|volume=21|date=Mar 2010|journal=Annals of Oncology|author9=von Karsa, L|first=M|author8=Herbert, A|author7=Wiener, H|author6=Segnan, N|author5=Schenck, U|author4=Ronco, G|author3=Jordan, J|author2=Anttila, A|pmc=2826099}}</ref> A Amurka adadin ciwon sankarar mahaifa ya kai kashi 0.1 cikin 100 na mata ‘yan kasa da shekaru 20, don haka kungiyar Cancer ta Amurka da kuma kwalejin likitocin mata na Amurka suna ba da shawarar cewa a fara tantancewar tun daga shekara 21, ba tare da la’akari da shekaru a lokacin jima’i ba. ko wasu halaye masu alaƙa da haɗari.<ref>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Cervix Uteri Cancer|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cervix.html|accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Kar20132">{{cite journal|last=Karjane|first=N|author2=Chelmow, D|title=New cervical cancer screening guidelines, again|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America|date=June 2013|volume=40|issue=2|pages=211–23|pmid=23732026|doi=10.1016/j.ogc.2013.03.001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Center for Disease Control|title=Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines for Average-Risk Women|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/pdf/guidelines.pdf|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref> Ga mata masu lafiya masu shekaru 21-29 waɗanda ba su taɓa yin smear mara kyau ba, gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa tare da cytology na mahaifa (Pap smear) ya kamata ya faru kowace shekara 3, ba tare da la’akari da matsayin rigakafin HPV ba.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382">{{cite journal|last=Committee on Practice|first=Bulletins—Gynecology|title=ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 131: Screening for cervical cancer|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology|date=Nov 2012|volume=120|issue=5|pages=1222–38|pmid=23090560|doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e318277c92a}}</ref> Abin da aka fi so don mata masu shekaru 30-65 shine "gwaji tare", wanda ya haɗa da haɗin gwajin cytology na mahaifa da gwajin HPV, kowane shekaru 5. <ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> Duk da haka, yana da kyau a gwada wannan rukunin shekaru tare da yin gwajin Pap kadai a kowace shekara 3.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> A cikin matan da suka haura shekaru 65, ana iya dakatar da yin gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa idan babu sakamakon binciken da bai dace ba a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata kuma babu tarihin CIN 2 ko sama da haka.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> ==Ciwon daji na hanji == [[File:SB_polyp.jpg|thumb| Polyp na hanji wanda za'a iya gane shi ta hanyar sigmoidoscopy . Wasu polyps za su haɓaka zuwa kansa idan ba a cire su ba.]] Binciken [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na launin fata, idan an yi shi da wuri, yana da ''kariya'' domin kusan dukkanin<ref>{{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=What Can I Do to Reduce My Risk of Colorectal Cancer?|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/prevention.htm|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=April 2, 2014|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Colon cancer|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000262.htm|journal=MedlinePlus|date=March 2, 2015|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref> ciwon daji na launin fata ya samo asali ne daga ci gaban da ake kira <nowiki><i id="mwrA">polyps</i></nowiki>, wanda za'a iya samuwa kuma a cire shi a lokacin colonoscopy (duba ''polypectomy colonic'' ). A Amurka M Services Task Force ya bayar da shawarar nunawa ga [[Ciwon daji mai launi|colorectal ciwon daji]] ta amfani da fecal occult jini gwaji, sigmoidoscopy, ko colonoscopy, a manya, farko a shekaru 50 da shekaru da kuma ci gaba har shekaru 75 years. <ref name="USP20082">{{cite web|title=Screening for Colorectal Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|accessdate=29 June 2014|date=October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706045502/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|archive-date=6 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ga mutane sama da 75 ko waɗanda ke da tsawon rayuwar ƙasa da 10&nbsp;ba a ba da shawarar duba shekaru ba. Sabuwar hanyar enzyme don tantance ciwon daji na launin fata shine gwajin M2-PK,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tonus|journal=[[World Journal of Gastroenterology]]|pmc=3419997|pmid=22912551|date=August 2012|pages=4004–11|issue=30|volume=18|title=Faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 for colorectal cancer screening: A meta-analysis|first1=C|first4=G|last4=Neupert|first3=K|last3=Koss|first2=M|last2=Sellinger|doi=10.3748/wjg.v18.i30.4004}}</ref> wanda ke iya gano ciwon jini da kuma ciwon daji marasa jini da kuma polyps. <ref name="USP20082" /> A cikin 2008, Kaiser Permanente Colorado ya aiwatar da wani shiri wanda ya yi amfani da kira mai sarrafa kansa kuma ya aika da na'urorin gwajin rigakafi na fecal ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka wuce lokacin gwajin [[Ciwon daji mai launi|cutar kansar]] launin fata. Shirin ya kara yawan adadin membobin da suka cancanta da aka tantance da kashi 25 cikin dari. <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/profiles/automated-calls-followed-mailed-kits-significantly-increase-colorectal-cancer-screening|title=Automated Calls Followed by Mailed Kits Significantly Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Rate in Those Overdue for Testing|date=2013-02-13|accessdate=2013-05-13}}</ref> Multi-Target Stool DNA Test (Cologuard) da Plasma SEPT9 DNA Methylation Test (Epi proColon) an yarda da FDA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm409021.htm|title=FDA approves first non-invasive DNA screening test for colorectal cancer|date=2014-08-11|accessdate=2017-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tepus|first1=Melanie|last2=Yau|first2=Tung On|title=Non-Invasive Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Overview|journal=Gastrointestinal Tumors|date=20 May 2020|volume=7|issue=3|pages=62–73|doi=10.1159/000507701|pmid=32903904|pmc=7445682|language=en|issn=2296-3774|doi-access=free}}</ref> A Ingila, ana yin gwajin manya a duk shekara ta hanyar gwajin jini na faecal a tsakanin shekarun 60 zuwa 74,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/bowel/|title=Population screening programmes: NHS bowel cancer screening (BCSP) programme - GOV.UK}}</ref> kuma kwanan nan ya wuce shekaru daga 50 zuwa 74. ==Prostate ciwon daji == Lokacin da ake yin gwajin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]], gwajin PSA na iya gano ƙananan ciwon daji waɗanda ba za su taɓa zama masu barazanar rai ba, amma da zarar an gano su za su kai ga jiyya. Wannan yanayin, wanda ake kira overdiagnosis, yana sanya maza cikin haɗari don rikitarwa daga jiyya maras muhimmanci kamar tiyata ko radiation. Bibiyar hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don gano cutar kansar prostate ( prostate biopsy ) na iya haifar da illa, gami da zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta. Maganin ciwon daji na prostate na iya haifar da rashin natsuwa (rashin iya sarrafa kwararar fitsari) da tabarbarewar karfin mazakuta (rashin karfin jima'i).<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|date=May 2012|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|series=Understanding Task Force Recommendations|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|type=consumer brochure|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2015-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223214622/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, a cikin 2012, da Amurka ke hana ayyukan hana daukar nauyin su (USPSF) da takamammen antigen (PSA) don cutar kansa da [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar cututtukan cutar sankara]] ba, " yayin da kowa ke son taimakawa wajen hana mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate, hanyoyin gwajin PSA na yanzu da kuma maganin ciwon daji da aka gano a allo ba shine amsar ba."<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|date=May 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2014-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708060359/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|archive-date=2014-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/perspectives/trends-cancer-screening|title=Trends in Cancer Screening: A Conversation With Two Cancer Researchers|date=2013-04-17|accessdate=2013-09-26}}</ref> Kwanan nan, Fenton's 2018 bita <ref name="Fenton2">{{cite journal|last1=Fenton|first1=J.J.|last2=Weyrich|first2=M.S.|last3=Durbin|first3=S.|title=Prostate-specific antigen-based screening for prostate cancer: A systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.|journal=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality|date=2018|volume=154}}</ref> (wanda aka gudanar don USPSTF) ya mayar da hankali kan manyan nau'o'in sarrafawa guda biyu masu inganci na farashi da fa'idodin binciken PSA, kuma binciken ya kwatanta al'amurra masu rikitarwa da ke hade da binciken ciwon daji. Fenton ya bayar da rahoton cewa, tantance maza 1,000 a duk shekara hudu na shekaru 13 yana rage mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate da guda ɗaya kawai. Musamman ma, daga cikin waɗancan maza 1,000: 243 sun sami alamar ciwon daji a lokacin gwajin PSA (mafi yawansu sannan suna da biopsy); daga cikinsu, 3 dole ne a kwantar da su a asibiti don matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta; An gano 35 tare da ciwon gurguwar prostate (saboda haka adadin ƙararrawar ƙarya daga ainihin gwajin PSA shine> 85%); Daga cikin wadancan 35, 3 sun guje wa cutar sankara ta prostate da kuma 1 sun guje wa mutuwa ta hanyar ciwon gurguwar prostate yayin da 9 suka sami rashin ƙarfi ko rashin iya yoyon fitsari saboda jinyarsu sannan 5 sun mutu sakamakon cutar kansar prostate duk da cewa an yi musu magani. A cikin shawarwarin su na 2018, USPSTF ta kiyasta cewa 20% -50% na maza da aka gano da cutar sankara ta prostate bayan ingantaccen gwajin PSA suna da ciwon daji wanda, ko da ba a kula da su ba, ba zai taɓa girma, yadawa, ko cutar da su ba<ref name="USPSTF 20182">{{cite web|last1=USPSTF|title=USPSTF, Published Final Recommendations, Prostate Cancer Screening|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|website=U.S. Preventive Services Task Force|accessdate=31 December 2018|archive-date=1 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101100550/https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SIcancerscreening2" /> Yawancin ƙungiyoyin likitocin Arewacin Amurka suna ba da shawarar yanke shawara na keɓaɓɓu game da tantancewa, la'akari da kasada, fa'idodi, da abubuwan da majiyyata suka zaɓa.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparative Effectiveness of Alternative Prostate-Specific Antigen–Based Prostate Cancer Screening Strategies: Model Estimates of Potential Benefits and Harms|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=158|issue=3|pages=145–53|date=February 2013|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00003|pmid=23381039|last1=Gulati|first1=Roman|last2=Gore|first2=John L.|last3=Etzioni|first3=Ruth|pmc=3738063}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na huhu == Nazarin bincike don ciwon huhu na huhu an yi shi ne kawai a cikin yawan haɗari masu haɗari, kamar masu shan taba da ma'aikata masu bayyanar da sana'a ga wasu abubuwa.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=O'Brien|first1=Mary|title=Lung Cancer Screening: Is There A Future?|journal=Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology|date=2014|volume=35|issue=4|pages=249–252|doi=10.4103/0971-5851.144984|pmid=25538400|pmc=4264269}}</ref> A cikin 2010s shawarwarin da hukumomin kiwon lafiya suka bayar suna nuna goyon baya ga gwajin cutar kansar huhu, wanda mai yuwuwa ya zama sananne a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa. A watan Disamban shekarar 2013 The Amurka Ayyukan da ke hana ayyukansa (Uspstf) ya ba da shawarar shaidar [[Ciwon Huhun Daji|cutar]] ta shekara-shekara don karancin ciwon kai lissafta tomography a cikin manya masu shekaru 55 zuwa 80 waɗanda ke da tarihin fakitin shekaru 30 na shan taba kuma a halin yanzu suna shan taba ko kuma sun daina a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata. Yakamata a daina tantancewa da zarar mutum bai sha taba ba har tsawon shekaru 15 ko kuma ya sami matsalar lafiya wanda ke da iyakacin tsawon rai ko kuma iyawa ko kuma niyyar yin tiyatar huhu na curative.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|title=Lung Cancer Screening|year=2013|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104055403/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|archive-date=2010-11-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na Pancreatic == Gano farkon gano ciwon daji na pancreatic biomarkers an cika shi ta amfani da tsarin rigakafi na tushen SERS.<ref name=":12">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Multiplex detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers using a SERS-based immunoassay|journal=Nanotechnology|volume=28|issue=45|pages=455101|date=September 2017|doi=10.1088/1361-6528/aa8e8c|pmid=28937361|bibcode=2017Nanot..28S5101B}}</ref> A SERS-base multiplex proteinbiomarker gano dandamali a cikin guntu microfluidic don ganowa ana amfani da shi don gano furotin biomarkers da yawa don tsinkayar nau'in cuta da masu mahimmancin halittu da haɓaka damar ganowa tsakanin cututtuka tare da masu siyar da halittu masu kama (PC, OVC, da pancreatitis).<ref name=":22">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Machine learning algorithms enhance the specificity of cancer biomarker detection using SERS-based immunoassays in microfluidic chips|journal=RSC Advances|volume=9|issue=4|pages=1859–1868|date=January 2019|doi=10.1039/c8ra08930b|bibcode=2019RSCAd...9.1859B|doi-access=free}}</ref> An yarda da cewa gabaɗaya gwajin manyan ƙungiyoyi don ciwon daji na [[Ciwon Daji na Pancreatic|pancreatic]] ba zai iya yin tasiri a halin yanzu ba, kuma a waje gwaje-gwajen asibiti babu shirye-shirye don wannan. A Turai Society for Medical Oncology bada shawarar yau da kullum nunawa tare da endoscopic duban dan tayi da kuma MRI / CT Dabarar ga waɗanda a babban hadarin daga gaji halittar jini,<ref name="ESMOPA2">{{cite journal|last1=Seufferlein|title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: ESMO-ESDO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.|doi=10.1093/annonc/mds224|pmid=22997452|pages=vii33–40|volume=23 Suppl 7|date=Oct 2012|journal=Annals of Oncology|first5=Group|first1=T|last5=ESMO Guidelines Working|first4=P|last4=Rougier|first3=E|last3=Van Cutsem|first2=JB|last2=Bachet|doi-access=free}}</ref> a layi tare da wasu shawarwari, <ref name="Lancet2">{{cite journal|last1=Vincent|title=Pancreatic cancer.|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62307-0|pmid=21620466|pages=607–20|issue=9791|volume=378|date=13 Aug 2011|journal=Lancet|first5=M|first1=A|last5=Goggins|first4=RH|last4=Hruban|first3=R|last3=Schulick|first2=J|last2=Herman|pmc=3062508}}</ref> wanda zai iya kuma sun hada da CT. Don tantancewa, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin duban CT na musamman, kamar CT scan multiphase.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Tests for Pancreatic Cancer|url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreatic-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html|website=www.cancer.org|language=en|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> Ga matsakaitan mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin, ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don ciwon daji na pancreatic ba a halin yanzu. <ref name=":02" /> ==Ciwon daji na baka == Ayyukan rigakafin na Amurka (Uspstf) a cikin 2013 sun gano cewa shaidar ta isa don tantance daidaiton fa'idodi da cutar kansa ba tare da masu samar da kulawa ba.<ref name="US2013Oral2">{{cite web|title=Final Recommendation Statement: Oral Cancer: Screening - US Preventive Services Task Force|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/oral-cancer-screening1|website=www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org|accessdate=23 November 2017|language=en|date=November 2013}}</ref> Cibiyar Nazarin Likitocin Iyali ta Amurka ta zo ga irin wannan matsaya yayin da Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa manya sama da shekaru 20 waɗanda ke yin gwajin lafiya na lokaci-lokaci yakamata a bincika kogon baki don ciwon daji.<ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Ƙungiyar Haƙori ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa masu ba da sabis su kasance a faɗake don alamun ciwon daji yayin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun. <ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Wasu ƙungiyoyin likitocin haƙori kuma suna ba da shawarar gwajin cutar kansar baki. <ref>{{cite web|title=Oral Cancer Screening|url=http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|website=www.crdha.ca|accessdate=24 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911081434/http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|archive-date=11 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Sauran cututtukan daji == Babu isassun shedar da za a ba da shawarar don ko ƙin [[Ciwon daji na fata|gwajin cutar kansar fata]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|title=Screening for Skin Cancer|year=2009|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108054103/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|archive-date=2011-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar mafitsara .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|title=Screening for Bladder Cancer|date=August 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823053849/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|archive-date=2010-08-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don kansar ƙwanƙwasa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|title=Screening for Testicular Cancer|date=April 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515181437/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|archive-date=2016-05-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar kwai ba<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|title=Screening for Ovarian Cancer|date=September 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023221553/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|archive-date=2010-10-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Bincike == ==Hoton jiki duka == Ana samun cikakkun sikanin CT na jiki don gwajin cutar kansa, amma irin wannan nau'in hoto na likitanci don bincika cutar kansa a cikin mutane ba tare da bayyananniyar alamun bayyanar ba na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar haɓakar haɓakar ionizing radiation . Koyaya, sikanin maganadisu na maganadisu ( MRI ) ba su da alaƙa da haɗarin radiation, kuma ana ƙididdige sikanin MRI don amfani da su wajen tantance cutar kansa.<ref name="MRI2">{{cite journal|last1=Lauenstein|first1=TC|last2=Semelka|first2=RC|date=September 2006|title=Emerging techniques: Whole-body screening and staging with MRI.|journal=Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging|volume=24|issue=3|pages=489–98|pmid=16888774|doi=10.1002/jmri.20666|doi-access=free}}</ref> Akwai babban haɗarin gano abin da ake kira ''incidentalomas'' - raunuka marasa kyau waɗanda za a iya fassara su azaman ciwon daji kuma suna sanya marasa lafiya cikin haɗari mai yuwuwa ta hanyar bin hanyoyin da za a bi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lumbreras|first1=B|last2=Donat|first2=L|last3=Hernández-Aguado|first3=I|date=April 2010|title=Incidental findings in imaging diagnostic tests: a systematic review|journal=The British Journal of Radiology|volume=83|issue=988|pages=276–289|doi=10.1259/bjr/98067945|issn=0007-1285|pmc=3473456|pmid=20335439}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Ci gaba da karatu == ** {{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=RA|last2=Cokkinides|first2=V|last3=Eyre|first3=HJ|title=Cancer screening in the United States, 2007: A review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects|journal=[[CA – A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians]]|volume=57|issue=2|pages=90–104|year=2007|doi=10.3322/canjclin.57.2.90|pmid=17392386|doi-access=free}} ** {{cite book|editor1-last=Aziz|editor1-first=Khalid|editor2-first=George Y.|editor2-last=Wu|title=Cancer Screening: A Practical Guide for Physicians|publisher=Humana Press|year=2002|series=Current Clinical Practice|isbn=9780896038653}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/ Shirye-shiryen gwajin cutar kansa na NHS] * Bincike [http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=106 don ciwon daji], Cancer Research UK * [http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/healthprofessional Binciken] Ciwon daji, Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Kasa * [http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=60167 Binciken Ciwon daji] a eMedicine * [http://www.coloncancercheck.ca/ ColonCancerCheck] gami da takaddun gaskiya a cikin yaruka 24 a Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Ontario da Kulawar Tsawon Lokaci * http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Health/health/cancer/Cancer-Screening/criteria * [http://www.cancer.org/Healthy/FindCancerEarly/CancerScreeningGuidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations Yadda shawarwarin nunawa suka canza cikin lokaci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224225735/http://www.cancer.org/healthy/findcancerearly/cancerscreeningguidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations |date=2016-12-24 }} daga Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amirka [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] da5refk8nibbgew2jug7dlscbq8irak 547640 547636 2024-11-28T18:25:49Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Binciken ciwon daji''' yana nufin gano, cewon [[Sankara|kansa]] kafin bayyanar cututtuka. <ref name="NIH2">{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/Patient|title=What Is Cancer Screening?|publisher=[[National Cancer Institute]]|date=2010-01-13}}</ref> Wannan na iya haɗawa da gwajin jini, gwajin fitsari, gwajin DNA, da koma, wasu gwaje-gwaje, ko hoton likita .<ref name="NIH2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm599560.htm|title=Press Announcements - FDA authorizes, with special controls, direct-to-consumer test that reports three mutations in the BRCA breast cancer genes|date=2019-09-10}}</ref> Amfanin dubawa cikin sharuddan [[Rigakafin Cutar Daji|rigakafin ciwon daji]], gano wuri da wuri da Kuma magani na gaba dole ne a auna shi da kowane lahani. Nunawa na duniya, wanda kuma aka sani da gwajin taro ko tantance yawan jama'a, ya haɗa da tantance kowa, yawanci a cikin takamaiman rukunin shekaru.<ref name="Wilson2">{{cite book|last1=Wilson|first1=JMG|last2=Jungner|first2=G|year=1968|url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|title=Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease|location=Geneva|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|series=Public Health Papers|volume=34|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2011-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604205519/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Zaɓen tantancewa yana gano mutanen da aka san suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, kamar mutanen da ke da tarihin iyali na ciwon daji. Nunawa na iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau na ƙarya da hanyoyin ɓarna na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092">{{cite journal|last1=Croswell|first19=DJ|last15=Crawford|first15=ED|last16=Fouad|first16=MN|last17=Gelmann|first17=EP|last18=Lamerato|first18=L|last19=Reding|last20=Schoen|last14=Church|first20=RE|title=Cumulative incidence of false-positive results in repeated, multimodal cancer screening|journal=[[Annals of Family Medicine]]|volume=7|issue=3|pages=212–22|year=2009|pmid=19433838|pmc=2682972|doi=10.1370/afm.942|first14=TR|first13=D|first1=JM|last7=Fagerstrom|last2=Kramer|first2=BS|last3=Kreimer|first3=AR|last4=Prorok|first4=PC|last5=Xu|first5=JL|last6=Baker|first6=SG|first7=R|last13=Chia|last8=Riley|first8=TL|last9=Clapp|first9=JD|last10=Berg|first10=CD|last11=Gohagan|first11=JK|last12=Andriole|first12=GL|display-authors=4}}</ref> Hakanan dubawa na iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya, inda aka rasa ciwon daji da ke wanzu. Rikici yana tasowa lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasadar tsarin tantancewar da kanta, da kuma duk wani gwaji da jiyya na bin diddigi.<ref name="SIcancerscreening2">{{cite journal|last1=Nogueira|first1=Felipe|title=Screening for prostate and breast cancer: It's more complex than you may think|journal=Skeptical Inquirer|date=2019|volume=43|issue=1|pages=50–53}}</ref> Gwaje-gwajen nunawa dole ne su kasance masu tasiri, lafiyayye, jurewa da kyau tare da ƙarancin ƙima na sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya . Idan an gano alamun ciwon daji, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje masu mahimmanci da ɓarna don isa ga ganewar asali. Yin gwajin cutar kansa zai iya haifar da rigakafin cutar kansa da kuma ganewar asali a baya. Ganewar asali na farko na iya haifar da ƙarin ƙimar magani mai nasara da tsawaita rayuwa. Duk da haka, yana iya zama ƙarya don ƙara lokacin mutuwa ta hanyar nuna son kai ko tsayin lokaci . == Amfanin likitanci == Manufar gwajin cutar kansa ita ce samar da bayanan lafiya masu amfani waɗanda za su iya jagorantar jiyya.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132">{{cite journal|title=Cancer Tests You Need and Don't|journal=Consumer Reports|date=March 2013|url=http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2013/03/the-cancer-tests-you-need-and-those-you-don-t/index.htm|accessdate=27 February 2017}}</ref>  Binciken na iya taimakawa wajen gano ciwon daji a farkon matakai. Kyakkyawan gwajin cutar kansa ba zai zama mafi kusantar haifar da lahani ba fiye da samar da bayanai masu amfani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gabaɗaya, gwajin cutar kansa yana da haɗari kuma bai kamata a yi shi ba sai da alamar likita .<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Daban-daban hanyoyin duban cutar kansa suna da haɗari daban-daban, amma gwaje-gwaje masu kyau suna raba wasu halaye.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132"/> Idan gwajin ya gano ciwon daji, to sakamakon gwajin shima yakamata ya haifar da zabin magani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gwaje-gwaje masu kyau sun zo tare da bayanin majiyyaci na dalilin da yasa wannan mutumin yana da isasshen haɗarin kansa don tabbatar da gwajin.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Wani ɓangare na ƙwarewar gwaji shine don mai ba da kiwon lafiya don bayyana yadda sakamakon tabbataccen ƙarya na gama gari ya kasance don majiyyaci ya fahimci mahallin sakamakon su.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Idan akwai gwaje-gwaje da yawa, to yakamata a gabatar da gwajin gwaji tare da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> == Hatsari == Binciken cutar kansa yana da cece-kuce a lokuta lokacin da har yanzu ba a san ko gwajin ya ceci rayuka ba.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Osório|first1=Flávia|last2=Lima|first2=Manuela Polidoro|last3=Chagas|first3=Marcos Hortes|title=Assessment And Screening Of Panic Disorder In Cancer Patients: Performance Of The PHQ-PD|journal=Journal of Psychosomatic Research|date=January 2015|volume=78|issue=1|pages=91–94|pmid=25242741|doi=10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.09.001}}</ref> Nunawa na iya haifar da ingantaccen sakamako na gaskiya na ƙarya da kuma hanyoyin cin zarafi na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092"/> Rigimar ta taso lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce haɗarin gwaje-gwajen bincike na bin diddigin da kuma maganin ciwon daji. Ba a nuna gwajin cutar kansa ba sai dai idan tsawon rayuwa ya wuce shekaru biyar kuma amfanin ba shi da tabbas fiye da shekaru 70.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Spalding|first1=MC|last2=Sebesta|first2=SC|title=Geriatric screening and preventive care|journal=[[American Family Physician]]|volume=78|issue=2|pages=206–15|date=July 15, 2008|pmid=18697503|url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0715/p206.html}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwa da yawa don tantance ko fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasada da tsadar aikin tantancewar.<ref name="NIH2"/> Waɗannan abubuwan sun haɗa da: * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga gwajin nunawa: Wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen nunawa, kamar hotunan X-ray, suna fallasa jiki ga radiation ionizing mai cutarwa. Akwai ƙaramin damar cewa radiation a cikin gwajin zai iya haifar da sabon ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Binciken mammography, wanda ake amfani da shi don gano ciwon nono, ba a ba da shawarar ga maza ko matasa mata ba saboda suna iya cutar da su ta hanyar gwajin fiye da amfana da shi. Sauran gwaje-gwaje, kamar duban fata don ciwon daji, ba su da wani babban haɗari na cutarwa ga majiyyaci. Gwajin da ke da babban lahani ana ba da shawarar ne kawai lokacin da fa'idodin kuma ya yi yawa. * Yiwuwar gwajin gano kansa daidai: Idan gwajin ba shi ''da hankali'', to yana iya rasa kansa. Idan gwajin ba ''takamaiman'' ba, to yana iya kuskure ya nuna ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Duk gwaje-gwajen gwajin cutar kansa suna haifar da abubuwan da suka dace na ƙarya da na ƙarya, kuma galibi suna samar da ƙarin tabbataccen ƙarya. Masana sunyi la'akari da adadin kurakurai lokacin yin shawarwari game da gwajin, idan akwai, don amfani. Gwaji na iya yin aiki mafi kyau a wasu jama'a fiye da wasu. Ƙimar tsinkaya mai kyau ita ce ƙididdige yiwuwar cewa sakamakon gwaji mai kyau yana wakiltar ciwon daji a cikin wani mutum da aka ba shi, bisa sakamakon mutanen da ke da irin abubuwan haɗari. * Yiwuwar ciwon kansa ya kasance: Binciken ba ya da amfani ga cututtukan daji da ba kasafai ba. Ba kasafai ake yi wa matasa ba, tunda ciwon daji cuta ce da ake samu a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 50. Kasashe galibi suna mai da hankali kan shawarwarin tantancewarsu kan manyan nau'ikan cutar kansar da ake iya magancewa da ake samu a yawan al'ummarsu. Alal misali, {asar Amirka ta ba da shawarar yin nazari na duniya don [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na hanji, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka, amma ba don ciwon ciki ba, wanda ba shi da yawa; Sabanin haka, Japan ta ba da shawarar auna cutar kansar ciki, amma ba cutar kansar hanji ba, wadda ba ta da yawa a Japan. Shawarwari na tantancewa sun dogara da haɗarin mutum, tare da mutanen da ke da haɗari waɗanda ke karɓar gwajin farko da yawa fiye da masu ƙarancin haɗari. * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga hanyoyin biyowa: Idan gwajin gwajin ya tabbata, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen bincike akai-akai, kamar biopsy na nama. Idan gwajin ya haifar da alamun ƙarya da yawa, to, mutane da yawa za su yi amfani da hanyoyin kiwon lafiya marasa buƙata, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama haɗari. * Ko akwai maganin da ya dace kuma ya dace: An hana yin gwajin gwaji idan babu ingantaccen magani.<ref name="Wilson2"/> Lokacin da ba a sami ingantacciyar magani mai dacewa ba, to, ganewar cutar mai saurin kisa yana haifar da lahani mai mahimmanci na tunani da tunani. Misali, gwajin cutar kansa na yau da kullun bai dace ba a cikin tsoho mai rauni sosai, saboda maganin duk wani ciwon daji da aka gano zai iya kashe majiyyaci. * Ko ganowa da wuri yana inganta sakamakon jiyya: Ko da lokacin da ake samun magani, wani lokacin ganowa da wuri ba ya inganta sakamakon. Idan sakamakon maganin ya kasance daidai da cewa ba a yi gwajin ba, to, shirin kawai na tantancewa shine ƙara tsawon lokacin da mutum ya rayu tare da sanin cewa yana da ciwon daji. Ana kiran wannan al'amari son zuciya-lokaci . Shirin tantancewa mai fa'ida yana rage adadin shekarun yuwuwar rayuwa da aka rasa (tsawon rayuka) da kuma daidaita rayuwar nakasassu da aka rasa (rayuwar lafiya). * Ko ciwon daji zai taɓa buƙatar magani: Ganewar ciwon daji a cikin mutumin da kansar ba zai taɓa cutar da shi ba ana kiransa overdiagnosis . Ciwon daji ya fi yawa a tsakanin tsofaffi masu ciwon daji masu saurin girma. Damuwa game da cutar kanjamau ya zama ruwan dare ga ciwon nono da prostate. * Ko gwajin ya kasance karbuwa ga marasa lafiya: Idan gwajin gwajin yana da nauyi sosai, kamar buƙatar lokaci mai yawa, zafi mai yawa, ko halayen da ba a yarda da su a al'ada ba, to mutane za su ƙi shiga.<ref name="Wilson2" /> * Farashin gwajin: Wasu ƙwararrun Ma'aikata ta Amurka, ta yi watsi da batun kuɗi gaba ɗaya. Yawancin, duk da haka, sun haɗa da nazarin ingancin farashi wanda, duk sauran daidai yake, yana son gwaje-gwaje marasa tsada akan gwaje-gwaje masu tsada, da ƙoƙarin daidaita farashin shirin nunawa akan fa'idodin amfani da waɗannan kuɗi don wasu shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya . Waɗannan ƙididdigar yawanci sun haɗa da jimillar kuɗin shirin nunawa ga tsarin kiwon lafiya, kamar ba da odar gwaji, yin gwajin, bayar da rahoton sakamakon, da biopsies don sakamakon da ake tuhuma, amma ba yawanci farashin mutum ba, kamar na ɗan lokaci da aka ɗauka. nesa da aiki. * Matsayin da ake iya magance ciwon daji: idan mutum yana da ƙarancin tsawon rayuwa ko kuma yana cikin matakan ƙarshe na rashin lafiya, to irin wannan majiyyaci na iya samun rayuwa mafi kyau ta hanyar yin watsi da ciwon daji ko da an gano shi. Idan ganewar ciwon daji ba zai haifar da canji a cikin kulawa ba to gwajin ciwon daji ba zai iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau ba. Ƙwararren bincike a cikin wannan yanayin yana faruwa, alal misali, a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtuka na ƙarshen zamani da kungiyoyi suna ba da shawarar yin gwajin cutar kansa ga irin waɗannan marasa lafiya.<ref name="ASNfive2">{{Cite web|author=American Society of Nephrology|author-link=American Society of Nephrology|title=Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question|publisher=[[ABIM Foundation]]|work=Choosing Wisely|url=http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|accessdate=August 17, 2012|archive-date=April 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412042543/http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESRDcancerfinancal2">{{Cite journal|last1=Chertow|first1=GM|last2=Paltiel|first2=AD|last3=Owen|first3=WF|last4=Lazarus|first4=JM|title=Cost-effectiveness of cancer screening in end-stage renal disease|doi=10.1001/archinte.1996.00440110117016|journal=[[JAMA Internal Medicine|Archives of Internal Medicine]]|volume=156|issue=12|pages=1345–50|year=1996|pmid=8651845}}</ref> == Ta nau'in == == Ciwon nono == Binciken ciwon nono shine gwajin likita na asymptomatic, a fili mata masu lafiya don [[Sankaran Nono|ciwon nono]] a yunƙurin cimma ganewar asali a baya. Manufar ganowa da wuri shine a nemo ciwon daji lokacin da za'a iya magance shi. An yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwaji da yawa, gami da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da na kai, mammography, gwajin nono na asibiti, jarrabawar nono, thermography, samfurin nama da hoton maganadisu. Mammography ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don tantance ciwon nono ga matan da suka kai shekaru 50 zuwa sama. Akwai [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html mammograms na 3D] yanzu ana amfani da su kuma ga matan da ke da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono suna iya samun MRI. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Publishing|first=Harvard Health|title=Breast cancer screening: Options beyond the mammogram|url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/breast-cancer-screening-options-beyond-the-mammogram|access-date=2021-04-05|website=Harvard Health|date=13 June 2014}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwan haɗari na ciwon nono don yanke shawara idan ana buƙatar gwajin gwaji kuma idan haka ne wanda ya fi dacewa ga mutum.<ref>{{Citation|last=PDQ Screening and Prevention Editorial Board|title=Breast Cancer Screening (PDQ®): Patient Version|date=2002|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65715/|work=PDQ Cancer Information Summaries|publisher=National Cancer Institute (US)|pmid=26389160|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> ==Ciwon mahaifa == [[File:Ca_in_situ,_cervix.jpg|thumb| Hoton microscope na glandar mahaifa yana nuna wani yanki na dysplasia epithelial babba.]] Binciken mahaifa ta hanyar gwajin Pap ko wasu hanyoyin yana da matukar tasiri wajen ganowa da kuma hana [[ciwon daji na mahaifa]], kodayake akwai haɗarin wuce gona da iri a cikin mata matasa har zuwa shekaru 20 ko sama da haka, waɗanda ke da saurin samun ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda ke sharewa. ta halitta.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lixin|first8=Wang|pmid=25410572|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-1185|pages=1185|issue=1|volume=14|date=2014|journal=BMC Public Health|title=Prevalence And Risk Factors For Cervical Neoplasia: A Cervical Cancer Screening Program In Beijing|first10=Guo|last10=Xiuhua|first9=Zheng|last9=Zihe|last8=Wei|first1=Tao|first7=Luo|last7=Yanxia|first6=Wu|last6=Lijuan|first5=Pan|last5=Lei|first4=Gao|last4=Qi|first3=Li|last3=Xia|first2=Han|last2=Lili|pmc=4256817}}</ref> Akwai kewayo mai yawa a cikin shekarun da aka ba da shawarar da za a fara nunawa a duniya. Dangane da ka'idodin Turai na 2010 don gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa, shekarun da za a fara gwajin ya bambanta tsakanin shekaru 20-30, "amma ba fi son kafin shekaru 25 ko 30 ba", ya danganta da nauyin cutar a cikin yawan jama'a da albarkatun da ake da su.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Arbyn|title=European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. Second edition--summary document|doi=10.1093/annonc/mdp471|pmid=20176693|pages=448–58|issue=3|volume=21|date=Mar 2010|journal=Annals of Oncology|author9=von Karsa, L|first=M|author8=Herbert, A|author7=Wiener, H|author6=Segnan, N|author5=Schenck, U|author4=Ronco, G|author3=Jordan, J|author2=Anttila, A|pmc=2826099}}</ref> A Amurka adadin ciwon sankarar mahaifa ya kai kashi 0.1 cikin 100 na mata ‘yan kasa da shekaru 20, don haka kungiyar Cancer ta Amurka da kuma kwalejin likitocin mata na Amurka suna ba da shawarar cewa a fara tantancewar tun daga shekara 21, ba tare da la’akari da shekaru a lokacin jima’i ba. ko wasu halaye masu alaƙa da haɗari.<ref>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Cervix Uteri Cancer|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cervix.html|accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Kar20132">{{cite journal|last=Karjane|first=N|author2=Chelmow, D|title=New cervical cancer screening guidelines, again|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America|date=June 2013|volume=40|issue=2|pages=211–23|pmid=23732026|doi=10.1016/j.ogc.2013.03.001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Center for Disease Control|title=Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines for Average-Risk Women|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/pdf/guidelines.pdf|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref> Ga mata masu lafiya masu shekaru 21-29 waɗanda ba su taɓa yin smear mara kyau ba, gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa tare da cytology na mahaifa (Pap smear) ya kamata ya faru kowace shekara 3, ba tare da la’akari da matsayin rigakafin HPV ba.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382">{{cite journal|last=Committee on Practice|first=Bulletins—Gynecology|title=ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 131: Screening for cervical cancer|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology|date=Nov 2012|volume=120|issue=5|pages=1222–38|pmid=23090560|doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e318277c92a}}</ref> Abin da aka fi so don mata masu shekaru 30-65 shine "gwaji tare", wanda ya haɗa da haɗin gwajin cytology na mahaifa da gwajin HPV, kowane shekaru 5. <ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> Duk da haka, yana da kyau a gwada wannan rukunin shekaru tare da yin gwajin Pap kadai a kowace shekara 3.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> A cikin matan da suka haura shekaru 65, ana iya dakatar da yin gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa idan babu sakamakon binciken da bai dace ba a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata kuma babu tarihin CIN 2 ko sama da haka.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> ==Ciwon daji na hanji == [[File:SB_polyp.jpg|thumb| Polyp na hanji wanda za'a iya gane shi ta hanyar sigmoidoscopy . Wasu polyps za su haɓaka zuwa kansa idan ba a cire su ba.]] Binciken [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na launin fata, idan an yi shi da wuri, yana da ''kariya'' domin kusan dukkanin<ref>{{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=What Can I Do to Reduce My Risk of Colorectal Cancer?|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/prevention.htm|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=April 2, 2014|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Colon cancer|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000262.htm|journal=MedlinePlus|date=March 2, 2015|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref> ciwon daji na launin fata ya samo asali ne daga ci gaban da ake kira <nowiki><i id="mwrA">polyps</i></nowiki>, wanda za'a iya samuwa kuma a cire shi a lokacin colonoscopy (duba ''polypectomy colonic'' ). A Amurka M Services Task Force ya bayar da shawarar nunawa ga [[Ciwon daji mai launi|colorectal ciwon daji]] ta amfani da fecal occult jini gwaji, sigmoidoscopy, ko colonoscopy, a manya, farko a shekaru 50 da shekaru da kuma ci gaba har shekaru 75 years. <ref name="USP20082">{{cite web|title=Screening for Colorectal Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|accessdate=29 June 2014|date=October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706045502/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|archive-date=6 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ga mutane sama da 75 ko waɗanda ke da tsawon rayuwar ƙasa da 10&nbsp;ba a ba da shawarar duba shekaru ba. Sabuwar hanyar enzyme don tantance ciwon daji na launin fata shine gwajin M2-PK,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tonus|journal=[[World Journal of Gastroenterology]]|pmc=3419997|pmid=22912551|date=August 2012|pages=4004–11|issue=30|volume=18|title=Faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 for colorectal cancer screening: A meta-analysis|first1=C|first4=G|last4=Neupert|first3=K|last3=Koss|first2=M|last2=Sellinger|doi=10.3748/wjg.v18.i30.4004}}</ref> wanda ke iya gano ciwon jini da kuma ciwon daji marasa jini da kuma polyps. <ref name="USP20082" /> A cikin shekarar 2008, Kaiser Permanente Colorado ya aiwatar da wani shiri wanda ya yi amfani da kira mai sarrafa kansa kuma ya aika da na'urorin gwajin rigakafi na fecal ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka wuce lokacin gwajin [[Ciwon daji mai launi|cutar kansar]] launin fata. Shirin ya kara yawan adadin membobin da suka cancanta da aka tantance da kashi 25 cikin dari. <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/profiles/automated-calls-followed-mailed-kits-significantly-increase-colorectal-cancer-screening|title=Automated Calls Followed by Mailed Kits Significantly Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Rate in Those Overdue for Testing|date=2013-02-13|accessdate=2013-05-13}}</ref> Multi-Target Stool DNA Test (Cologuard) da Plasma SEPT9 DNA Methylation Test (Epi proColon) an yarda da FDA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm409021.htm|title=FDA approves first non-invasive DNA screening test for colorectal cancer|date=2014-08-11|accessdate=2017-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tepus|first1=Melanie|last2=Yau|first2=Tung On|title=Non-Invasive Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Overview|journal=Gastrointestinal Tumors|date=20 May 2020|volume=7|issue=3|pages=62–73|doi=10.1159/000507701|pmid=32903904|pmc=7445682|language=en|issn=2296-3774|doi-access=free}}</ref> A Ingila, ana yin gwajin manya a duk shekara ta hanyar gwajin jini na faecal a tsakanin shekarun 60 zuwa 74,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/bowel/|title=Population screening programmes: NHS bowel cancer screening (BCSP) programme - GOV.UK}}</ref> kuma kwanan nan ya wuce shekaru daga 50 zuwa 74. ==Prostate ciwon daji == Lokacin da ake yin gwajin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]], gwajin PSA na iya gano ƙananan ciwon daji waɗanda ba za su taɓa zama masu barazanar rai ba, amma da zarar an gano su za su kai ga jiyya. Wannan yanayin, wanda ake kira overdiagnosis, yana sanya maza cikin haɗari don rikitarwa daga jiyya maras muhimmanci kamar tiyata ko radiation. Bibiyar hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don gano cutar kansar prostate ( prostate biopsy ) na iya haifar da illa, gami da zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta. Maganin ciwon daji na prostate na iya haifar da rashin natsuwa (rashin iya sarrafa kwararar fitsari) da tabarbarewar karfin mazakuta (rashin karfin jima'i).<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|date=May 2012|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|series=Understanding Task Force Recommendations|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|type=consumer brochure|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2015-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223214622/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, a cikin 2012, da Amurka ke hana ayyukan hana daukar nauyin su (USPSF) da takamammen antigen (PSA) don cutar kansa da [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar cututtukan cutar sankara]] ba, " yayin da kowa ke son taimakawa wajen hana mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate, hanyoyin gwajin PSA na yanzu da kuma maganin ciwon daji da aka gano a allo ba shine amsar ba."<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|date=May 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2014-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708060359/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|archive-date=2014-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/perspectives/trends-cancer-screening|title=Trends in Cancer Screening: A Conversation With Two Cancer Researchers|date=2013-04-17|accessdate=2013-09-26}}</ref> Kwanan nan, Fenton's 2018 bita <ref name="Fenton2">{{cite journal|last1=Fenton|first1=J.J.|last2=Weyrich|first2=M.S.|last3=Durbin|first3=S.|title=Prostate-specific antigen-based screening for prostate cancer: A systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.|journal=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality|date=2018|volume=154}}</ref> (wanda aka gudanar don USPSTF) ya mayar da hankali kan manyan nau'o'in sarrafawa guda biyu masu inganci na farashi da fa'idodin binciken PSA, kuma binciken ya kwatanta al'amurra masu rikitarwa da ke hade da binciken ciwon daji. Fenton ya bayar da rahoton cewa, tantance maza 1,000 a duk shekara hudu na shekaru 13 yana rage mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate da guda ɗaya kawai. Musamman ma, daga cikin waɗancan maza 1,000: 243 sun sami alamar ciwon daji a lokacin gwajin PSA (mafi yawansu sannan suna da biopsy); daga cikinsu, 3 dole ne a kwantar da su a asibiti don matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta; An gano 35 tare da ciwon gurguwar prostate (saboda haka adadin ƙararrawar ƙarya daga ainihin gwajin PSA shine> 85%); Daga cikin wadancan 35, 3 sun guje wa cutar sankara ta prostate da kuma 1 sun guje wa mutuwa ta hanyar ciwon gurguwar prostate yayin da 9 suka sami rashin ƙarfi ko rashin iya yoyon fitsari saboda jinyarsu sannan 5 sun mutu sakamakon cutar kansar prostate duk da cewa an yi musu magani. A cikin shawarwarin su na 2018, USPSTF ta kiyasta cewa 20% -50% na maza da aka gano da cutar sankara ta prostate bayan ingantaccen gwajin PSA suna da ciwon daji wanda, ko da ba a kula da su ba, ba zai taɓa girma, yadawa, ko cutar da su ba<ref name="USPSTF 20182">{{cite web|last1=USPSTF|title=USPSTF, Published Final Recommendations, Prostate Cancer Screening|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|website=U.S. Preventive Services Task Force|accessdate=31 December 2018|archive-date=1 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101100550/https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SIcancerscreening2" /> Yawancin ƙungiyoyin likitocin Arewacin Amurka suna ba da shawarar yanke shawara na keɓaɓɓu game da tantancewa, la'akari da kasada, fa'idodi, da abubuwan da majiyyata suka zaɓa.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparative Effectiveness of Alternative Prostate-Specific Antigen–Based Prostate Cancer Screening Strategies: Model Estimates of Potential Benefits and Harms|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=158|issue=3|pages=145–53|date=February 2013|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00003|pmid=23381039|last1=Gulati|first1=Roman|last2=Gore|first2=John L.|last3=Etzioni|first3=Ruth|pmc=3738063}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na huhu == Nazarin bincike don ciwon huhu na huhu an yi shi ne kawai a cikin yawan haɗari masu haɗari, kamar masu shan taba da ma'aikata masu bayyanar da sana'a ga wasu abubuwa.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=O'Brien|first1=Mary|title=Lung Cancer Screening: Is There A Future?|journal=Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology|date=2014|volume=35|issue=4|pages=249–252|doi=10.4103/0971-5851.144984|pmid=25538400|pmc=4264269}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2010s shawarwarin da hukumomin kiwon lafiya suka bayar suna nuna goyon baya ga gwajin cutar kansar huhu, wanda mai yuwuwa ya zama sananne a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa. A watan Disamban shekarar 2013 The Amurka Ayyukan da ke hana ayyukansa (Uspstf) ya ba da shawarar shaidar [[Ciwon Huhun Daji|cutar]] ta shekara-shekara don karancin ciwon kai lissafta tomography a cikin manya masu shekaru 55 zuwa 80 waɗanda ke da tarihin fakitin shekaru 30 na shan taba kuma a halin yanzu suna shan taba ko kuma sun daina a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata. Yakamata a daina tantancewa da zarar mutum bai sha taba ba har tsawon shekaru 15 ko kuma ya sami matsalar lafiya wanda ke da iyakacin tsawon rai ko kuma iyawa ko kuma niyyar yin tiyatar huhu na curative.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|title=Lung Cancer Screening|year=2013|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104055403/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|archive-date=2010-11-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na Pancreatic == Gano farkon gano ciwon daji na pancreatic biomarkers an cika shi ta amfani da tsarin rigakafi na tushen SERS.<ref name=":12">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Multiplex detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers using a SERS-based immunoassay|journal=Nanotechnology|volume=28|issue=45|pages=455101|date=September 2017|doi=10.1088/1361-6528/aa8e8c|pmid=28937361|bibcode=2017Nanot..28S5101B}}</ref> A SERS-base multiplex proteinbiomarker gano dandamali a cikin guntu microfluidic don ganowa ana amfani da shi don gano furotin biomarkers da yawa don tsinkayar nau'in cuta da masu mahimmancin halittu da haɓaka damar ganowa tsakanin cututtuka tare da masu siyar da halittu masu kama (PC, OVC, da pancreatitis).<ref name=":22">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Machine learning algorithms enhance the specificity of cancer biomarker detection using SERS-based immunoassays in microfluidic chips|journal=RSC Advances|volume=9|issue=4|pages=1859–1868|date=January 2019|doi=10.1039/c8ra08930b|bibcode=2019RSCAd...9.1859B|doi-access=free}}</ref> An yarda da cewa gabaɗaya gwajin manyan ƙungiyoyi don ciwon daji na [[Ciwon Daji na Pancreatic|pancreatic]] ba zai iya yin tasiri a halin yanzu ba, kuma a waje gwaje-gwajen asibiti babu shirye-shirye don wannan. A Turai Society for Medical Oncology bada shawarar yau da kullum nunawa tare da endoscopic duban dan tayi da kuma MRI / CT Dabarar ga waɗanda a babban hadarin daga gaji halittar jini,<ref name="ESMOPA2">{{cite journal|last1=Seufferlein|title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: ESMO-ESDO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.|doi=10.1093/annonc/mds224|pmid=22997452|pages=vii33–40|volume=23 Suppl 7|date=Oct 2012|journal=Annals of Oncology|first5=Group|first1=T|last5=ESMO Guidelines Working|first4=P|last4=Rougier|first3=E|last3=Van Cutsem|first2=JB|last2=Bachet|doi-access=free}}</ref> a layi tare da wasu shawarwari, <ref name="Lancet2">{{cite journal|last1=Vincent|title=Pancreatic cancer.|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62307-0|pmid=21620466|pages=607–20|issue=9791|volume=378|date=13 Aug 2011|journal=Lancet|first5=M|first1=A|last5=Goggins|first4=RH|last4=Hruban|first3=R|last3=Schulick|first2=J|last2=Herman|pmc=3062508}}</ref> wanda zai iya kuma sun hada da CT. Don tantancewa, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin duban CT na musamman, kamar CT scan multiphase.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Tests for Pancreatic Cancer|url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreatic-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html|website=www.cancer.org|language=en|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> Ga matsakaitan mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin, ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don ciwon daji na pancreatic ba a halin yanzu. <ref name=":02" /> ==Ciwon daji na baka == Ayyukan rigakafin na Amurka (Uspstf) a cikin 2013 sun gano cewa shaidar ta isa don tantance daidaiton fa'idodi da cutar kansa ba tare da masu samar da kulawa ba.<ref name="US2013Oral2">{{cite web|title=Final Recommendation Statement: Oral Cancer: Screening - US Preventive Services Task Force|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/oral-cancer-screening1|website=www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org|accessdate=23 November 2017|language=en|date=November 2013}}</ref> Cibiyar Nazarin Likitocin Iyali ta Amurka ta zo ga irin wannan matsaya yayin da Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa manya sama da shekaru 20 waɗanda ke yin gwajin lafiya na lokaci-lokaci yakamata a bincika kogon baki don ciwon daji.<ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Ƙungiyar Haƙori ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa masu ba da sabis su kasance a faɗake don alamun ciwon daji yayin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun. <ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Wasu ƙungiyoyin likitocin haƙori kuma suna ba da shawarar gwajin cutar kansar baki. <ref>{{cite web|title=Oral Cancer Screening|url=http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|website=www.crdha.ca|accessdate=24 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911081434/http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|archive-date=11 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Sauran cututtukan daji == Babu isassun shedar da za a ba da shawarar don ko ƙin [[Ciwon daji na fata|gwajin cutar kansar fata]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|title=Screening for Skin Cancer|year=2009|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108054103/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|archive-date=2011-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar mafitsara .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|title=Screening for Bladder Cancer|date=August 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823053849/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|archive-date=2010-08-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don kansar ƙwanƙwasa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|title=Screening for Testicular Cancer|date=April 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515181437/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|archive-date=2016-05-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar kwai ba<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|title=Screening for Ovarian Cancer|date=September 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023221553/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|archive-date=2010-10-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Bincike == ==Hoton jiki duka == Ana samun cikakkun sikanin CT na jiki don gwajin cutar kansa, amma irin wannan nau'in hoto na likitanci don bincika cutar kansa a cikin mutane ba tare da bayyananniyar alamun bayyanar ba na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar haɓakar haɓakar ionizing radiation . Koyaya, sikanin maganadisu na maganadisu ( MRI ) ba su da alaƙa da haɗarin radiation, kuma ana ƙididdige sikanin MRI don amfani da su wajen tantance cutar kansa.<ref name="MRI2">{{cite journal|last1=Lauenstein|first1=TC|last2=Semelka|first2=RC|date=September 2006|title=Emerging techniques: Whole-body screening and staging with MRI.|journal=Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging|volume=24|issue=3|pages=489–98|pmid=16888774|doi=10.1002/jmri.20666|doi-access=free}}</ref> Akwai babban haɗarin gano abin da ake kira ''incidentalomas'' - raunuka marasa kyau waɗanda za a iya fassara su azaman ciwon daji kuma suna sanya marasa lafiya cikin haɗari mai yuwuwa ta hanyar bin hanyoyin da za a bi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lumbreras|first1=B|last2=Donat|first2=L|last3=Hernández-Aguado|first3=I|date=April 2010|title=Incidental findings in imaging diagnostic tests: a systematic review|journal=The British Journal of Radiology|volume=83|issue=988|pages=276–289|doi=10.1259/bjr/98067945|issn=0007-1285|pmc=3473456|pmid=20335439}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Ci gaba da karatu == ** {{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=RA|last2=Cokkinides|first2=V|last3=Eyre|first3=HJ|title=Cancer screening in the United States, 2007: A review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects|journal=[[CA – A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians]]|volume=57|issue=2|pages=90–104|year=2007|doi=10.3322/canjclin.57.2.90|pmid=17392386|doi-access=free}} ** {{cite book|editor1-last=Aziz|editor1-first=Khalid|editor2-first=George Y.|editor2-last=Wu|title=Cancer Screening: A Practical Guide for Physicians|publisher=Humana Press|year=2002|series=Current Clinical Practice|isbn=9780896038653}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/ Shirye-shiryen gwajin cutar kansa na NHS] * Bincike [http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=106 don ciwon daji], Cancer Research UK * [http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/healthprofessional Binciken] Ciwon daji, Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Kasa * [http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=60167 Binciken Ciwon daji] a eMedicine * [http://www.coloncancercheck.ca/ ColonCancerCheck] gami da takaddun gaskiya a cikin yaruka 24 a Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Ontario da Kulawar Tsawon Lokaci * http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Health/health/cancer/Cancer-Screening/criteria * [http://www.cancer.org/Healthy/FindCancerEarly/CancerScreeningGuidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations Yadda shawarwarin nunawa suka canza cikin lokaci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224225735/http://www.cancer.org/healthy/findcancerearly/cancerscreeningguidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations |date=2016-12-24 }} daga Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amirka [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] owy1sgts4ow9kpddoh2uwcnbnzch4ox 547642 547640 2024-11-28T18:26:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Binciken ciwon daji''' yana nufin gano, cewon [[Sankara|kansa]] kafin bayyanar cututtuka. <ref name="NIH2">{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/Patient|title=What Is Cancer Screening?|publisher=[[National Cancer Institute]]|date=2010-01-13}}</ref> Wannan na iya haɗawa da gwajin jini, gwajin fitsari, gwajin DNA, da koma, wasu gwaje-gwaje, ko hoton likita .<ref name="NIH2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm599560.htm|title=Press Announcements - FDA authorizes, with special controls, direct-to-consumer test that reports three mutations in the BRCA breast cancer genes|date=2019-09-10}}</ref> Amfanin dubawa cikin sharuddan [[Rigakafin Cutar Daji|rigakafin ciwon daji]], gano wuri da wuri da Kuma magani na gaba dole ne a auna shi da kowane lahani. Nunawa na duniya, wanda kuma aka sani da gwajin taro ko tantance yawan jama'a, ya haɗa da tantance kowa, yawanci a cikin takamaiman rukunin shekaru.<ref name="Wilson2">{{cite book|last1=Wilson|first1=JMG|last2=Jungner|first2=G|year=1968|url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|title=Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease|location=Geneva|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|series=Public Health Papers|volume=34|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2011-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604205519/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/php/WHO_PHP_34.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Zaɓen tantancewa yana gano mutanen da aka san suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, kamar mutanen da ke da tarihin iyali na ciwon daji. Nunawa na iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau na ƙarya da hanyoyin ɓarna na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092">{{cite journal|last1=Croswell|first19=DJ|last15=Crawford|first15=ED|last16=Fouad|first16=MN|last17=Gelmann|first17=EP|last18=Lamerato|first18=L|last19=Reding|last20=Schoen|last14=Church|first20=RE|title=Cumulative incidence of false-positive results in repeated, multimodal cancer screening|journal=[[Annals of Family Medicine]]|volume=7|issue=3|pages=212–22|year=2009|pmid=19433838|pmc=2682972|doi=10.1370/afm.942|first14=TR|first13=D|first1=JM|last7=Fagerstrom|last2=Kramer|first2=BS|last3=Kreimer|first3=AR|last4=Prorok|first4=PC|last5=Xu|first5=JL|last6=Baker|first6=SG|first7=R|last13=Chia|last8=Riley|first8=TL|last9=Clapp|first9=JD|last10=Berg|first10=CD|last11=Gohagan|first11=JK|last12=Andriole|first12=GL|display-authors=4}}</ref> Hakanan dubawa na iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya, inda aka rasa ciwon daji da ke wanzu. Rikici yana tasowa lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasadar tsarin tantancewar da kanta, da kuma duk wani gwaji da jiyya na bin diddigi.<ref name="SIcancerscreening2">{{cite journal|last1=Nogueira|first1=Felipe|title=Screening for prostate and breast cancer: It's more complex than you may think|journal=Skeptical Inquirer|date=2019|volume=43|issue=1|pages=50–53}}</ref> Gwaje-gwajen nunawa dole ne su kasance masu tasiri, lafiyayye, jurewa da kyau tare da ƙarancin ƙima na sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya . Idan an gano alamun ciwon daji, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje masu mahimmanci da ɓarna don isa ga ganewar asali. Yin gwajin cutar kansa zai iya haifar da rigakafin cutar kansa da kuma ganewar asali a baya. Ganewar asali na farko na iya haifar da ƙarin ƙimar magani mai nasara da tsawaita rayuwa. Duk da haka, yana iya zama ƙarya don ƙara lokacin mutuwa ta hanyar nuna son kai ko tsayin lokaci . == Amfanin likitanci == Manufar gwajin cutar kansa ita ce samar da bayanan lafiya masu amfani waɗanda za su iya jagorantar jiyya.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132">{{cite journal|title=Cancer Tests You Need and Don't|journal=Consumer Reports|date=March 2013|url=http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2013/03/the-cancer-tests-you-need-and-those-you-don-t/index.htm|accessdate=27 February 2017}}</ref>  Binciken na iya taimakawa wajen gano ciwon daji a farkon matakai. Kyakkyawan gwajin cutar kansa ba zai zama mafi kusantar haifar da lahani ba fiye da samar da bayanai masu amfani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gabaɗaya, gwajin cutar kansa yana da haɗari kuma bai kamata a yi shi ba sai da alamar likita .<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Daban-daban hanyoyin duban cutar kansa suna da haɗari daban-daban, amma gwaje-gwaje masu kyau suna raba wasu halaye.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132"/> Idan gwajin ya gano ciwon daji, to sakamakon gwajin shima yakamata ya haifar da zabin magani.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Gwaje-gwaje masu kyau sun zo tare da bayanin majiyyaci na dalilin da yasa wannan mutumin yana da isasshen haɗarin kansa don tabbatar da gwajin.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Wani ɓangare na ƙwarewar gwaji shine don mai ba da kiwon lafiya don bayyana yadda sakamakon tabbataccen ƙarya na gama gari ya kasance don majiyyaci ya fahimci mahallin sakamakon su.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> Idan akwai gwaje-gwaje da yawa, to yakamata a gabatar da gwajin gwaji tare da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.<ref name="Consumer Reports March 20132" /> == Hatsari == Binciken cutar kansa yana da cece-kuce a lokuta lokacin da har yanzu ba a san ko gwajin ya ceci rayuka ba.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Osório|first1=Flávia|last2=Lima|first2=Manuela Polidoro|last3=Chagas|first3=Marcos Hortes|title=Assessment And Screening Of Panic Disorder In Cancer Patients: Performance Of The PHQ-PD|journal=Journal of Psychosomatic Research|date=January 2015|volume=78|issue=1|pages=91–94|pmid=25242741|doi=10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.09.001}}</ref> Nunawa na iya haifar da ingantaccen sakamako na gaskiya na ƙarya da kuma hanyoyin cin zarafi na gaba.<ref name="Croswell20092"/> Rigimar ta taso lokacin da ba a bayyana ba idan fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce haɗarin gwaje-gwajen bincike na bin diddigin da kuma maganin ciwon daji. Ba a nuna gwajin cutar kansa ba sai dai idan tsawon rayuwa ya wuce shekaru biyar kuma amfanin ba shi da tabbas fiye da shekaru 70.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Spalding|first1=MC|last2=Sebesta|first2=SC|title=Geriatric screening and preventive care|journal=[[American Family Physician]]|volume=78|issue=2|pages=206–15|date=July 15, 2008|pmid=18697503|url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0715/p206.html}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwa da yawa don tantance ko fa'idodin tantancewar sun zarce kasada da tsadar aikin tantancewar.<ref name="NIH2"/> Waɗannan abubuwan sun haɗa da: * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga gwajin nunawa: Wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen nunawa, kamar hotunan X-ray, suna fallasa jiki ga radiation ionizing mai cutarwa. Akwai ƙaramin damar cewa radiation a cikin gwajin zai iya haifar da sabon ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Binciken mammography, wanda ake amfani da shi don gano ciwon nono, ba a ba da shawarar ga maza ko matasa mata ba saboda suna iya cutar da su ta hanyar gwajin fiye da amfana da shi. Sauran gwaje-gwaje, kamar duban fata don ciwon daji, ba su da wani babban haɗari na cutarwa ga majiyyaci. Gwajin da ke da babban lahani ana ba da shawarar ne kawai lokacin da fa'idodin kuma ya yi yawa. * Yiwuwar gwajin gano kansa daidai: Idan gwajin ba shi ''da hankali'', to yana iya rasa kansa. Idan gwajin ba ''takamaiman'' ba, to yana iya kuskure ya nuna ciwon daji a cikin mutum mai lafiya. Duk gwaje-gwajen gwajin cutar kansa suna haifar da abubuwan da suka dace na ƙarya da na ƙarya, kuma galibi suna samar da ƙarin tabbataccen ƙarya. Masana sunyi la'akari da adadin kurakurai lokacin yin shawarwari game da gwajin, idan akwai, don amfani. Gwaji na iya yin aiki mafi kyau a wasu jama'a fiye da wasu. Ƙimar tsinkaya mai kyau ita ce ƙididdige yiwuwar cewa sakamakon gwaji mai kyau yana wakiltar ciwon daji a cikin wani mutum da aka ba shi, bisa sakamakon mutanen da ke da irin abubuwan haɗari. * Yiwuwar ciwon kansa ya kasance: Binciken ba ya da amfani ga cututtukan daji da ba kasafai ba. Ba kasafai ake yi wa matasa ba, tunda ciwon daji cuta ce da ake samu a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 50. Kasashe galibi suna mai da hankali kan shawarwarin tantancewarsu kan manyan nau'ikan cutar kansar da ake iya magancewa da ake samu a yawan al'ummarsu. Alal misali, {asar Amirka ta ba da shawarar yin nazari na duniya don [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na hanji, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka, amma ba don ciwon ciki ba, wanda ba shi da yawa; Sabanin haka, Japan ta ba da shawarar auna cutar kansar ciki, amma ba cutar kansar hanji ba, wadda ba ta da yawa a Japan. Shawarwari na tantancewa sun dogara da haɗarin mutum, tare da mutanen da ke da haɗari waɗanda ke karɓar gwajin farko da yawa fiye da masu ƙarancin haɗari. * Matsalolin da za a iya samu daga hanyoyin biyowa: Idan gwajin gwajin ya tabbata, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen bincike akai-akai, kamar biopsy na nama. Idan gwajin ya haifar da alamun ƙarya da yawa, to, mutane da yawa za su yi amfani da hanyoyin kiwon lafiya marasa buƙata, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama haɗari. * Ko akwai maganin da ya dace kuma ya dace: An hana yin gwajin gwaji idan babu ingantaccen magani.<ref name="Wilson2"/> Lokacin da ba a sami ingantacciyar magani mai dacewa ba, to, ganewar cutar mai saurin kisa yana haifar da lahani mai mahimmanci na tunani da tunani. Misali, gwajin cutar kansa na yau da kullun bai dace ba a cikin tsoho mai rauni sosai, saboda maganin duk wani ciwon daji da aka gano zai iya kashe majiyyaci. * Ko ganowa da wuri yana inganta sakamakon jiyya: Ko da lokacin da ake samun magani, wani lokacin ganowa da wuri ba ya inganta sakamakon. Idan sakamakon maganin ya kasance daidai da cewa ba a yi gwajin ba, to, shirin kawai na tantancewa shine ƙara tsawon lokacin da mutum ya rayu tare da sanin cewa yana da ciwon daji. Ana kiran wannan al'amari son zuciya-lokaci . Shirin tantancewa mai fa'ida yana rage adadin shekarun yuwuwar rayuwa da aka rasa (tsawon rayuka) da kuma daidaita rayuwar nakasassu da aka rasa (rayuwar lafiya). * Ko ciwon daji zai taɓa buƙatar magani: Ganewar ciwon daji a cikin mutumin da kansar ba zai taɓa cutar da shi ba ana kiransa overdiagnosis . Ciwon daji ya fi yawa a tsakanin tsofaffi masu ciwon daji masu saurin girma. Damuwa game da cutar kanjamau ya zama ruwan dare ga ciwon nono da prostate. * Ko gwajin ya kasance karbuwa ga marasa lafiya: Idan gwajin gwajin yana da nauyi sosai, kamar buƙatar lokaci mai yawa, zafi mai yawa, ko halayen da ba a yarda da su a al'ada ba, to mutane za su ƙi shiga.<ref name="Wilson2" /> * Farashin gwajin: Wasu ƙwararrun Ma'aikata ta Amurka, ta yi watsi da batun kuɗi gaba ɗaya. Yawancin, duk da haka, sun haɗa da nazarin ingancin farashi wanda, duk sauran daidai yake, yana son gwaje-gwaje marasa tsada akan gwaje-gwaje masu tsada, da ƙoƙarin daidaita farashin shirin nunawa akan fa'idodin amfani da waɗannan kuɗi don wasu shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya . Waɗannan ƙididdigar yawanci sun haɗa da jimillar kuɗin shirin nunawa ga tsarin kiwon lafiya, kamar ba da odar gwaji, yin gwajin, bayar da rahoton sakamakon, da biopsies don sakamakon da ake tuhuma, amma ba yawanci farashin mutum ba, kamar na ɗan lokaci da aka ɗauka. nesa da aiki. * Matsayin da ake iya magance ciwon daji: idan mutum yana da ƙarancin tsawon rayuwa ko kuma yana cikin matakan ƙarshe na rashin lafiya, to irin wannan majiyyaci na iya samun rayuwa mafi kyau ta hanyar yin watsi da ciwon daji ko da an gano shi. Idan ganewar ciwon daji ba zai haifar da canji a cikin kulawa ba to gwajin ciwon daji ba zai iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau ba. Ƙwararren bincike a cikin wannan yanayin yana faruwa, alal misali, a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtuka na ƙarshen zamani da kungiyoyi suna ba da shawarar yin gwajin cutar kansa ga irin waɗannan marasa lafiya.<ref name="ASNfive2">{{Cite web|author=American Society of Nephrology|author-link=American Society of Nephrology|title=Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question|publisher=[[ABIM Foundation]]|work=Choosing Wisely|url=http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|accessdate=August 17, 2012|archive-date=April 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412042543/http://www.choosingwisely.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/5things_12_factsheet_Amer_Soc_Neph1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ESRDcancerfinancal2">{{Cite journal|last1=Chertow|first1=GM|last2=Paltiel|first2=AD|last3=Owen|first3=WF|last4=Lazarus|first4=JM|title=Cost-effectiveness of cancer screening in end-stage renal disease|doi=10.1001/archinte.1996.00440110117016|journal=[[JAMA Internal Medicine|Archives of Internal Medicine]]|volume=156|issue=12|pages=1345–50|year=1996|pmid=8651845}}</ref> == Ta nau'in == == Ciwon nono == Binciken ciwon nono shine gwajin likita na asymptomatic, a fili mata masu lafiya don [[Sankaran Nono|ciwon nono]] a yunƙurin cimma ganewar asali a baya. Manufar ganowa da wuri shine a nemo ciwon daji lokacin da za'a iya magance shi. An yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen gwaji da yawa, gami da gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da na kai, mammography, gwajin nono na asibiti, jarrabawar nono, thermography, samfurin nama da hoton maganadisu. Mammography ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don tantance ciwon nono ga matan da suka kai shekaru 50 zuwa sama. Akwai [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html mammograms na 3D] yanzu ana amfani da su kuma ga matan da ke da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono suna iya samun MRI. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Publishing|first=Harvard Health|title=Breast cancer screening: Options beyond the mammogram|url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/breast-cancer-screening-options-beyond-the-mammogram|access-date=2021-04-05|website=Harvard Health|date=13 June 2014}}</ref> Ana la'akari da abubuwan haɗari na ciwon nono don yanke shawara idan ana buƙatar gwajin gwaji kuma idan haka ne wanda ya fi dacewa ga mutum.<ref>{{Citation|last=PDQ Screening and Prevention Editorial Board|title=Breast Cancer Screening (PDQ®): Patient Version|date=2002|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65715/|work=PDQ Cancer Information Summaries|publisher=National Cancer Institute (US)|pmid=26389160|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> ==Ciwon mahaifa == [[File:Ca_in_situ,_cervix.jpg|thumb| Hoton microscope na glandar mahaifa yana nuna wani yanki na dysplasia epithelial babba.]] Binciken mahaifa ta hanyar gwajin Pap ko wasu hanyoyin yana da matukar tasiri wajen ganowa da kuma hana [[ciwon daji na mahaifa]], kodayake akwai haɗarin wuce gona da iri a cikin mata matasa har zuwa shekaru 20 ko sama da haka, waɗanda ke da saurin samun ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda ke sharewa. ta halitta.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lixin|first8=Wang|pmid=25410572|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-1185|pages=1185|issue=1|volume=14|date=2014|journal=BMC Public Health|title=Prevalence And Risk Factors For Cervical Neoplasia: A Cervical Cancer Screening Program In Beijing|first10=Guo|last10=Xiuhua|first9=Zheng|last9=Zihe|last8=Wei|first1=Tao|first7=Luo|last7=Yanxia|first6=Wu|last6=Lijuan|first5=Pan|last5=Lei|first4=Gao|last4=Qi|first3=Li|last3=Xia|first2=Han|last2=Lili|pmc=4256817}}</ref> Akwai kewayo mai yawa a cikin shekarun da aka ba da shawarar da za a fara nunawa a duniya. Dangane da ka'idodin Turai na 2010 don gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa, shekarun da za a fara gwajin ya bambanta tsakanin shekaru 20-30, "amma ba fi son kafin shekaru 25 ko 30 ba", ya danganta da nauyin cutar a cikin yawan jama'a da albarkatun da ake da su.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Arbyn|title=European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. Second edition--summary document|doi=10.1093/annonc/mdp471|pmid=20176693|pages=448–58|issue=3|volume=21|date=Mar 2010|journal=Annals of Oncology|author9=von Karsa, L|first=M|author8=Herbert, A|author7=Wiener, H|author6=Segnan, N|author5=Schenck, U|author4=Ronco, G|author3=Jordan, J|author2=Anttila, A|pmc=2826099}}</ref> A Amurka adadin ciwon sankarar mahaifa ya kai kashi 0.1 cikin Kashi 100 na mata ‘yan kasa da shekaru 20, don haka kungiyar Cancer ta Amurka da kuma kwalejin likitocin mata na Amurka suna ba da shawarar cewa a fara tantancewar tun daga shekara 21, ba tare da la’akari da shekaru a lokacin jima’i ba. ko wasu halaye masu alaƙa da haɗari.<ref>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Cervix Uteri Cancer|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cervix.html|accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="Kar20132">{{cite journal|last=Karjane|first=N|author2=Chelmow, D|title=New cervical cancer screening guidelines, again|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America|date=June 2013|volume=40|issue=2|pages=211–23|pmid=23732026|doi=10.1016/j.ogc.2013.03.001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Center for Disease Control|title=Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines for Average-Risk Women|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/pdf/guidelines.pdf|accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref> Ga mata masu lafiya masu shekaru 21-29 waɗanda ba su taɓa yin smear mara kyau ba, gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa tare da cytology na mahaifa (Pap smear) ya kamata ya faru kowace shekara 3, ba tare da la’akari da matsayin rigakafin HPV ba.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382">{{cite journal|last=Committee on Practice|first=Bulletins—Gynecology|title=ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 131: Screening for cervical cancer|journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology|date=Nov 2012|volume=120|issue=5|pages=1222–38|pmid=23090560|doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e318277c92a}}</ref> Abin da aka fi so don mata masu shekaru 30-65 shine "gwaji tare", wanda ya haɗa da haɗin gwajin cytology na mahaifa da gwajin HPV, kowane shekaru 5. <ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> Duk da haka, yana da kyau a gwada wannan rukunin shekaru tare da yin gwajin Pap kadai a kowace shekara 3.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> A cikin matan da suka haura shekaru 65, ana iya dakatar da yin gwajin cutar kansar mahaifa idan babu sakamakon binciken da bai dace ba a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata kuma babu tarihin CIN 2 ko sama da haka.<ref name="Committee on Practice 1222–382" /> ==Ciwon daji na hanji == [[File:SB_polyp.jpg|thumb| Polyp na hanji wanda za'a iya gane shi ta hanyar sigmoidoscopy . Wasu polyps za su haɓaka zuwa kansa idan ba a cire su ba.]] Binciken [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na launin fata, idan an yi shi da wuri, yana da ''kariya'' domin kusan dukkanin<ref>{{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=What Can I Do to Reduce My Risk of Colorectal Cancer?|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/prevention.htm|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=April 2, 2014|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Colon cancer|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000262.htm|journal=MedlinePlus|date=March 2, 2015|accessdate=March 5, 2015}}</ref> ciwon daji na launin fata ya samo asali ne daga ci gaban da ake kira <nowiki><i id="mwrA">polyps</i></nowiki>, wanda za'a iya samuwa kuma a cire shi a lokacin colonoscopy (duba ''polypectomy colonic'' ). A Amurka M Services Task Force ya bayar da shawarar nunawa ga [[Ciwon daji mai launi|colorectal ciwon daji]] ta amfani da fecal occult jini gwaji, sigmoidoscopy, ko colonoscopy, a manya, farko a shekaru 50 da shekaru da kuma ci gaba har shekaru 75 years. <ref name="USP20082">{{cite web|title=Screening for Colorectal Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|accessdate=29 June 2014|date=October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706045502/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/colocancer/colors.htm|archive-date=6 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ga mutane sama da 75 ko waɗanda ke da tsawon rayuwar ƙasa da 10&nbsp;ba a ba da shawarar duba shekaru ba. Sabuwar hanyar enzyme don tantance ciwon daji na launin fata shine gwajin M2-PK,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tonus|journal=[[World Journal of Gastroenterology]]|pmc=3419997|pmid=22912551|date=August 2012|pages=4004–11|issue=30|volume=18|title=Faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 for colorectal cancer screening: A meta-analysis|first1=C|first4=G|last4=Neupert|first3=K|last3=Koss|first2=M|last2=Sellinger|doi=10.3748/wjg.v18.i30.4004}}</ref> wanda ke iya gano ciwon jini da kuma ciwon daji marasa jini da kuma polyps. <ref name="USP20082" /> A cikin shekarar 2008, Kaiser Permanente Colorado ya aiwatar da wani shiri wanda ya yi amfani da kira mai sarrafa kansa kuma ya aika da na'urorin gwajin rigakafi na fecal ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka wuce lokacin gwajin [[Ciwon daji mai launi|cutar kansar]] launin fata. Shirin ya kara yawan adadin membobin da suka cancanta da aka tantance da kashi 25 cikin dari. <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/profiles/automated-calls-followed-mailed-kits-significantly-increase-colorectal-cancer-screening|title=Automated Calls Followed by Mailed Kits Significantly Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Rate in Those Overdue for Testing|date=2013-02-13|accessdate=2013-05-13}}</ref> Multi-Target Stool DNA Test (Cologuard) da Plasma SEPT9 DNA Methylation Test (Epi proColon) an yarda da FDA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm409021.htm|title=FDA approves first non-invasive DNA screening test for colorectal cancer|date=2014-08-11|accessdate=2017-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tepus|first1=Melanie|last2=Yau|first2=Tung On|title=Non-Invasive Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Overview|journal=Gastrointestinal Tumors|date=20 May 2020|volume=7|issue=3|pages=62–73|doi=10.1159/000507701|pmid=32903904|pmc=7445682|language=en|issn=2296-3774|doi-access=free}}</ref> A Ingila, ana yin gwajin manya a duk shekara ta hanyar gwajin jini na faecal a tsakanin shekarun 60 zuwa 74,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/bowel/|title=Population screening programmes: NHS bowel cancer screening (BCSP) programme - GOV.UK}}</ref> kuma kwanan nan ya wuce shekaru daga 50 zuwa 74. ==Prostate ciwon daji == Lokacin da ake yin gwajin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]], gwajin PSA na iya gano ƙananan ciwon daji waɗanda ba za su taɓa zama masu barazanar rai ba, amma da zarar an gano su za su kai ga jiyya. Wannan yanayin, wanda ake kira overdiagnosis, yana sanya maza cikin haɗari don rikitarwa daga jiyya maras muhimmanci kamar tiyata ko radiation. Bibiyar hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don gano cutar kansar prostate ( prostate biopsy ) na iya haifar da illa, gami da zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta. Maganin ciwon daji na prostate na iya haifar da rashin natsuwa (rashin iya sarrafa kwararar fitsari) da tabarbarewar karfin mazakuta (rashin karfin jima'i).<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|date=May 2012|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|series=Understanding Task Force Recommendations|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|type=consumer brochure|access-date=2022-02-14|archive-date=2015-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223214622/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening/prostatecancerfact.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, a cikin 2012, da Amurka ke hana ayyukan hana daukar nauyin su (USPSF) da takamammen antigen (PSA) don cutar kansa da [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar cututtukan cutar sankara]] ba, " yayin da kowa ke son taimakawa wajen hana mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate, hanyoyin gwajin PSA na yanzu da kuma maganin ciwon daji da aka gano a allo ba shine amsar ba."<ref>{{cite web|title=Screening for Prostate Cancer|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|date=May 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2014-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708060359/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/prostatecancerscreening.htm|archive-date=2014-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]|url=https://innovations.ahrq.gov/perspectives/trends-cancer-screening|title=Trends in Cancer Screening: A Conversation With Two Cancer Researchers|date=2013-04-17|accessdate=2013-09-26}}</ref> Kwanan nan, Fenton's 2018 bita <ref name="Fenton2">{{cite journal|last1=Fenton|first1=J.J.|last2=Weyrich|first2=M.S.|last3=Durbin|first3=S.|title=Prostate-specific antigen-based screening for prostate cancer: A systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.|journal=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality|date=2018|volume=154}}</ref> (wanda aka gudanar don USPSTF) ya mayar da hankali kan manyan nau'o'in sarrafawa guda biyu masu inganci na farashi da fa'idodin binciken PSA, kuma binciken ya kwatanta al'amurra masu rikitarwa da ke hade da binciken ciwon daji. Fenton ya bayar da rahoton cewa, tantance maza 1,000 a duk shekara hudu na shekaru 13 yana rage mace-mace daga cutar sankara ta prostate da guda ɗaya kawai. Musamman ma, daga cikin waɗancan maza 1,000: 243 sun sami alamar ciwon daji a lokacin gwajin PSA (mafi yawansu sannan suna da biopsy); daga cikinsu, 3 dole ne a kwantar da su a asibiti don matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta; An gano 35 tare da ciwon gurguwar prostate (saboda haka adadin ƙararrawar ƙarya daga ainihin gwajin PSA shine> 85%); Daga cikin wadancan 35, 3 sun guje wa cutar sankara ta prostate da kuma 1 sun guje wa mutuwa ta hanyar ciwon gurguwar prostate yayin da 9 suka sami rashin ƙarfi ko rashin iya yoyon fitsari saboda jinyarsu sannan 5 sun mutu sakamakon cutar kansar prostate duk da cewa an yi musu magani. A cikin shawarwarin su na 2018, USPSTF ta kiyasta cewa 20% -50% na maza da aka gano da cutar sankara ta prostate bayan ingantaccen gwajin PSA suna da ciwon daji wanda, ko da ba a kula da su ba, ba zai taɓa girma, yadawa, ko cutar da su ba<ref name="USPSTF 20182">{{cite web|last1=USPSTF|title=USPSTF, Published Final Recommendations, Prostate Cancer Screening|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|website=U.S. Preventive Services Task Force|accessdate=31 December 2018|archive-date=1 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101100550/https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="SIcancerscreening2" /> Yawancin ƙungiyoyin likitocin Arewacin Amurka suna ba da shawarar yanke shawara na keɓaɓɓu game da tantancewa, la'akari da kasada, fa'idodi, da abubuwan da majiyyata suka zaɓa.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparative Effectiveness of Alternative Prostate-Specific Antigen–Based Prostate Cancer Screening Strategies: Model Estimates of Potential Benefits and Harms|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=158|issue=3|pages=145–53|date=February 2013|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00003|pmid=23381039|last1=Gulati|first1=Roman|last2=Gore|first2=John L.|last3=Etzioni|first3=Ruth|pmc=3738063}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na huhu == Nazarin bincike don ciwon huhu na huhu an yi shi ne kawai a cikin yawan haɗari masu haɗari, kamar masu shan taba da ma'aikata masu bayyanar da sana'a ga wasu abubuwa.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=O'Brien|first1=Mary|title=Lung Cancer Screening: Is There A Future?|journal=Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology|date=2014|volume=35|issue=4|pages=249–252|doi=10.4103/0971-5851.144984|pmid=25538400|pmc=4264269}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2010s shawarwarin da hukumomin kiwon lafiya suka bayar suna nuna goyon baya ga gwajin cutar kansar huhu, wanda mai yuwuwa ya zama sananne a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa. A watan Disamban shekarar 2013 The Amurka Ayyukan da ke hana ayyukansa (Uspstf) ya ba da shawarar shaidar [[Ciwon Huhun Daji|cutar]] ta shekara-shekara don karancin ciwon kai lissafta tomography a cikin manya masu shekaru 55 zuwa 80 waɗanda ke da tarihin fakitin shekaru 30 na shan taba kuma a halin yanzu suna shan taba ko kuma sun daina a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata. Yakamata a daina tantancewa da zarar mutum bai sha taba ba har tsawon shekaru 15 ko kuma ya sami matsalar lafiya wanda ke da iyakacin tsawon rai ko kuma iyawa ko kuma niyyar yin tiyatar huhu na curative.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|title=Lung Cancer Screening|year=2013|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104055403/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspslung.htm|archive-date=2010-11-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Ciwon daji na Pancreatic == Gano farkon gano ciwon daji na pancreatic biomarkers an cika shi ta amfani da tsarin rigakafi na tushen SERS.<ref name=":12">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Multiplex detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers using a SERS-based immunoassay|journal=Nanotechnology|volume=28|issue=45|pages=455101|date=September 2017|doi=10.1088/1361-6528/aa8e8c|pmid=28937361|bibcode=2017Nanot..28S5101B}}</ref> A SERS-base multiplex proteinbiomarker gano dandamali a cikin guntu microfluidic don ganowa ana amfani da shi don gano furotin biomarkers da yawa don tsinkayar nau'in cuta da masu mahimmancin halittu da haɓaka damar ganowa tsakanin cututtuka tare da masu siyar da halittu masu kama (PC, OVC, da pancreatitis).<ref name=":22">{{cite journal|last=Banaei|first=N|display-authors=etal|title=Machine learning algorithms enhance the specificity of cancer biomarker detection using SERS-based immunoassays in microfluidic chips|journal=RSC Advances|volume=9|issue=4|pages=1859–1868|date=January 2019|doi=10.1039/c8ra08930b|bibcode=2019RSCAd...9.1859B|doi-access=free}}</ref> An yarda da cewa gabaɗaya gwajin manyan ƙungiyoyi don ciwon daji na [[Ciwon Daji na Pancreatic|pancreatic]] ba zai iya yin tasiri a halin yanzu ba, kuma a waje gwaje-gwajen asibiti babu shirye-shirye don wannan. A Turai Society for Medical Oncology bada shawarar yau da kullum nunawa tare da endoscopic duban dan tayi da kuma MRI / CT Dabarar ga waɗanda a babban hadarin daga gaji halittar jini,<ref name="ESMOPA2">{{cite journal|last1=Seufferlein|title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: ESMO-ESDO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.|doi=10.1093/annonc/mds224|pmid=22997452|pages=vii33–40|volume=23 Suppl 7|date=Oct 2012|journal=Annals of Oncology|first5=Group|first1=T|last5=ESMO Guidelines Working|first4=P|last4=Rougier|first3=E|last3=Van Cutsem|first2=JB|last2=Bachet|doi-access=free}}</ref> a layi tare da wasu shawarwari, <ref name="Lancet2">{{cite journal|last1=Vincent|title=Pancreatic cancer.|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62307-0|pmid=21620466|pages=607–20|issue=9791|volume=378|date=13 Aug 2011|journal=Lancet|first5=M|first1=A|last5=Goggins|first4=RH|last4=Hruban|first3=R|last3=Schulick|first2=J|last2=Herman|pmc=3062508}}</ref> wanda zai iya kuma sun hada da CT. Don tantancewa, ana iya amfani da hanyoyin duban CT na musamman, kamar CT scan multiphase.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Tests for Pancreatic Cancer|url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreatic-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html|website=www.cancer.org|language=en|access-date=2020-04-30}}</ref> Ga matsakaitan mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin, ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don ciwon daji na pancreatic ba a halin yanzu. <ref name=":02" /> ==Ciwon daji na baka == Ayyukan rigakafin na Amurka (Uspstf) a cikin 2013 sun gano cewa shaidar ta isa don tantance daidaiton fa'idodi da cutar kansa ba tare da masu samar da kulawa ba.<ref name="US2013Oral2">{{cite web|title=Final Recommendation Statement: Oral Cancer: Screening - US Preventive Services Task Force|url=https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/oral-cancer-screening1|website=www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org|accessdate=23 November 2017|language=en|date=November 2013}}</ref> Cibiyar Nazarin Likitocin Iyali ta Amurka ta zo ga irin wannan matsaya yayin da Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa manya sama da shekaru 20 waɗanda ke yin gwajin lafiya na lokaci-lokaci yakamata a bincika kogon baki don ciwon daji.<ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Ƙungiyar Haƙori ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa masu ba da sabis su kasance a faɗake don alamun ciwon daji yayin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun. <ref name="US2013Oral2" /> Wasu ƙungiyoyin likitocin haƙori kuma suna ba da shawarar gwajin cutar kansar baki. <ref>{{cite web|title=Oral Cancer Screening|url=http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|website=www.crdha.ca|accessdate=24 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911081434/http://www.crdha.ca/the-profession/professional-resources/working-with-clients/oral-cancer-screening.aspx|archive-date=11 September 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Sauran cututtukan daji == Babu isassun shedar da za a ba da shawarar don ko ƙin [[Ciwon daji na fata|gwajin cutar kansar fata]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|title=Screening for Skin Cancer|year=2009|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108054103/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsskca.htm|archive-date=2011-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar mafitsara .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|title=Screening for Bladder Cancer|date=August 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823053849/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsblad.htm|archive-date=2010-08-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ba a ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun don kansar ƙwanƙwasa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|title=Screening for Testicular Cancer|date=April 2011|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515181437/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstest.htm|archive-date=2016-05-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kansar kwai ba<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|title=Screening for Ovarian Cancer|date=September 2012|publisher=[[United States Preventive Services Task Force]]|access-date=2010-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023221553/http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsovar.htm|archive-date=2010-10-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Bincike == ==Hoton jiki duka == Ana samun cikakkun sikanin CT na jiki don gwajin cutar kansa, amma irin wannan nau'in hoto na likitanci don bincika cutar kansa a cikin mutane ba tare da bayyananniyar alamun bayyanar ba na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar haɓakar haɓakar ionizing radiation . Koyaya, sikanin maganadisu na maganadisu ( MRI ) ba su da alaƙa da haɗarin radiation, kuma ana ƙididdige sikanin MRI don amfani da su wajen tantance cutar kansa.<ref name="MRI2">{{cite journal|last1=Lauenstein|first1=TC|last2=Semelka|first2=RC|date=September 2006|title=Emerging techniques: Whole-body screening and staging with MRI.|journal=Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging|volume=24|issue=3|pages=489–98|pmid=16888774|doi=10.1002/jmri.20666|doi-access=free}}</ref> Akwai babban haɗarin gano abin da ake kira ''incidentalomas'' - raunuka marasa kyau waɗanda za a iya fassara su azaman ciwon daji kuma suna sanya marasa lafiya cikin haɗari mai yuwuwa ta hanyar bin hanyoyin da za a bi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lumbreras|first1=B|last2=Donat|first2=L|last3=Hernández-Aguado|first3=I|date=April 2010|title=Incidental findings in imaging diagnostic tests: a systematic review|journal=The British Journal of Radiology|volume=83|issue=988|pages=276–289|doi=10.1259/bjr/98067945|issn=0007-1285|pmc=3473456|pmid=20335439}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Ci gaba da karatu == ** {{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=RA|last2=Cokkinides|first2=V|last3=Eyre|first3=HJ|title=Cancer screening in the United States, 2007: A review of current guidelines, practices, and prospects|journal=[[CA – A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians]]|volume=57|issue=2|pages=90–104|year=2007|doi=10.3322/canjclin.57.2.90|pmid=17392386|doi-access=free}} ** {{cite book|editor1-last=Aziz|editor1-first=Khalid|editor2-first=George Y.|editor2-last=Wu|title=Cancer Screening: A Practical Guide for Physicians|publisher=Humana Press|year=2002|series=Current Clinical Practice|isbn=9780896038653}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.cancerscreening.nhs.uk/ Shirye-shiryen gwajin cutar kansa na NHS] * Bincike [http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=106 don ciwon daji], Cancer Research UK * [http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/overview/healthprofessional Binciken] Ciwon daji, Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Kasa * [http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=60167 Binciken Ciwon daji] a eMedicine * [http://www.coloncancercheck.ca/ ColonCancerCheck] gami da takaddun gaskiya a cikin yaruka 24 a Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Ontario da Kulawar Tsawon Lokaci * http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Health/health/cancer/Cancer-Screening/criteria * [http://www.cancer.org/Healthy/FindCancerEarly/CancerScreeningGuidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations Yadda shawarwarin nunawa suka canza cikin lokaci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224225735/http://www.cancer.org/healthy/findcancerearly/cancerscreeningguidelines/chronological-history-of-acs-recommendations |date=2016-12-24 }} daga Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amirka [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0j35un6gr49082k61b6c18ndi3k4920 0 29787 547697 462597 2024-11-28T19:37:15Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hakkoki mara kyau da masu kyau,''' sune [[Haƙƙoƙi|haƙƙoƙin]] dake wajabta, ko dai rashin aiki (''munanan haƙƙoƙin'') ko aiki ( ''haƙƙoƙi masu kyau'' ). Waɗannan wajibai na iya zama na shari'a ko ɗabi'a. Hakanan ana iya amfani da ra'ayi na haƙƙoƙi masu kyau da mara kyau ga [[Haƙƙin Da'awa da yanci|haƙƙin 'yanci]] da mutahallin shi. Dan bada misalin da ya shafi ɓangarori biyu a cikin kotun shari'a : Adrian yana da ''mummunan haƙƙin x'' akan Clay idan kuma kawai idan Clay ya ''hana'' Clay aikatawa Adrian ta wata hanya game da ''x''. Sabanin haka, Adrian yana da ''tabbataccen haƙƙi don x'' akan Clay idan kuma kawai idan Clay ya zama dole ya yi aiki akan Adrian ta wata hanya game da ''x''. Wani lamari mai mahimmanci, idan Adrian yana da ''mummunan haƙƙin rayuwa'' akan Clay, to ana buƙatar Clay don guje wa kashe Adrian; yayin da idan Adrian yana da ''tabbataccen haƙƙin rayuwa'' akan Clay, to ana buƙatar Clay yayi aiki yadda yakamata don adana rayuwar Adrian. Haƙƙoƙin da aka ɗauka ''mara kyau'' na iya haɗawa da haƙƙin farar hula da na siyasa kamar [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]], rayuwa, dukiya mai zaman kansa, 'yanci daga aikata laifukan tashin hankali, kariya daga zamba, 'yancin yin addini, ''habeas corpus'', [[Ƴancin gwaji|shari'a ta gaskiya]], da 'yancin kada a bautar da su. wani Hakki ne da aka yi la'akari da shi, kamar yadda farko da farko da farko da aka gabatar a shekarar 1979 da farko Karel Vaqák, da ''haƙƙin'' [[Ɗan sanda|'yan sanda]] na mutum da kadarorin' yan sanda, da kuma [[Haƙƙin Bada Shawara|ikon]] tattalin arziki, zamantakewa kamar abinci, [['Ƴancin Mallakar Gidaje|gidaje]], ilimin jama'a, aikin yi, tsaron ƙasa, soja, [[Ƴancin Lafiya|kula da lafiya]], tsaro na zamantakewa, [[Ƴancin Samun Damar Shiga Internet|shiga yanar gizo]], da mafi ƙarancin [[Yancin Samun Ingataccen Tsarin Rayuwa|rayuwa]] . A cikin lissafin [[Ƴancin Dan adam zuwa gida uku|"ƙarni uku"]] na haƙƙin ɗan adam, haƙƙoƙin da ba su dace ba galibi suna haɗuwa da haƙƙin ƙarni na farko, yayin da haƙƙoƙi masu kyau suna alaƙa da tsara na biyu da na uku da akayi. Wasu masana falsafa (duba zargi) ba su yarda cewa bambance-bambancen haƙƙoƙi mara kyau yana da amfani ko inganci. Karkashin ka’idar hakkoki masu kyau da mara kyau, hakkin da bai dace ba yana da hakki ne na ''kada a'' yi masa wani aiki na wani mutum ko wata kungiya – alal misali gwamnati – yawanci ta hanyar cin zarafi ko tilastawa. Don haka, haƙƙoƙin da ba su da kyau suna wanzu sai dai idan wani ya yi ''watsi'' da su. Haƙƙi mai kyau shi ne haƙƙin ''yin'' aikin wani mutum ko ƙungiya. A wasu kalmomi, don ingantaccen haƙƙin amfani, dole ne a ''ƙara'' ayyukan wani a cikin ma'auni. A ka’ida, wani hakki mara kyau ya hana wasu yin abin da ya dace, yayin da hakki mai kyau ya wajabta wa wasu yin aiki da abin da ya dace. A cikin tsarin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun Kantian, ana iya haɗa haƙƙin mara kyau tare da cikakkun ayyuka yayin da haƙƙin na iya haɗawa da ayyuka marasa kyau.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2008}} Imani da bambanci tsakanin haƙƙoƙi masu kyau da mara kyau yawanci ana kiyaye su, ko kuma ƙarfafa su, ta masu sassaucin ra'ayi, waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka ba su wanzu har sai an halicce su ta hanyar kwangila. [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam]] [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|ta Duniya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin]] Duniya ta lissafa duka haƙƙoƙi masu kyau da mara kyau (amma ba ta bayyana su a matsayin haka ba). Kundin tsarin mulki na yawancin dimokuradiyya masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun tabbatar da munanan haƙƙi, amma ba duka sun haɗa da haƙƙi masu kyau ba. Duk da haka, sau da yawa wasu dokoki suna tabbatar da haƙƙin mallaka sau da yawa, kuma galibin dimokuradiyya masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna ba wa 'yan ƙasa tallafin ilimi, kula da lafiya, tsaro na zamantakewa da fa'idodin rashin aikin yi da makamantan hakan. == Lokacin aikace-aikacen dokoki masu kyau da Marasa kyau == Sau da yawa ana maganar haƙƙoƙin a matsayin wanda ba za a iya raba shi ba kuma wani lokacin ma cikakke. Koyaya, a aikace ana ɗaukar wannan sau da yawa azaman absolutism. Haƙƙoƙin suna da matsayi gwargwadon mahimmanci, kuma ana karɓar cin zarafi na ƙanana a cikin hanyar hana cin zarafi na manya. Don haka, ko da haƙƙin da ba za a kashe shi ba ne, kwatankwacin wajibcin da ke kan wasu na ƙin kisa ana fahimtar cewa yana da aƙalla keɓantawa ɗaya: [[Haƙƙin Kare Kai|kariyar kai]]. Wasu wajibai marasa kyau da aka yarda da su (kamar wajibcin hani daga sata, kisan kai, da dai sauransu) galibi ana la'akari da su na farko, ma'ana cewa an yarda da halaccin wajibcin "a fuskarsa"; amma ko da ba a yi tambaya ba, ana iya sanya irin waɗannan wajibai don nazarin ɗabi'a da halayya. Don haka barawo na iya samun mummunan wajibci na kada ya yi sata, kuma dan [[Jami'an Ƴan Sanda|sanda]] yana iya fuskantar mummunan wajibci na kada ya addabi mutane &#x2014; amma dan sandan da ke magance barawon cikin sauki yakan fuskanci nauyin hujjar cewa ya yi daidai, tunda nasa ya sabawa doka. Karamin takalifi kuma ya kore sabawa wani babban wajibi. Haka kuma mai shago ko wani mai wucewa shima zai iya saduwa da wannan nauyin hujja lokacin da yake fuskantar barawo. Amma idan daya daga cikin wadancan mutanen ya ja bindiga ya harbe barawon (marasa makami) don yin sata, mafi yawan al'ummomin zamani ba za su yarda cewa an cika nauyin hujja ba. Wajibcin da ba a kashe shi ba &#x2014; ana ɗauka a duk duniya a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma, idan ba babban wajibi ba &#x2014; yana da yawa fiye da wajibcin kada a yi sata wanda keta na ƙarshe ba ya tabbatar da sabawa na farko. Yawancin al'ummomin zamani sun dage cewa wasu, tambayoyi masu mahimmanci na ɗabi'a suna buƙatar shiga cikin wasa kafin sata ta iya tabbatar da kisa. Kyawawan wajibai suna ba da aiki. Amma kamar yadda muka gani tare da dan sanda, yin aiki na iya keta wajibai marasa kyau (misali kar a yi fushi da kisa). Saboda wannan dalili, a cikin ɗabi'a tabbatacce wajibai kusan ba a taɓa la'akari da ''prima facie''. Babban wajibi mara kyau na iya samun keɓanta ɗaya kawai &#x2014; babban wajibci na kare kai &#x2014; amma har ma mafi girman wajibai gabaɗaya suna buƙatar ƙarin hadaddun bincike na ɗabi'a. Misali, mutum zai iya ba da hujjar kasa taimakawa, ba ɗaya kaɗai ba, amma yara da yawa da suka ji rauni cikin ɗabi'a a cikin yanayin bambance- bambancen bayan bala'i. Wannan la'akari ya haifar da masu ilimin dabi'a don yarda a gaba ɗaya cewa ayyuka masu kyau yawanci sun kasance ƙarami zuwa wajibai marasa kyau saboda ba su da dogaro ''na prima facie.'' Wasu masu sukar haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin suna ba da shawarar cewa saboda kyawawan ayyuka ba su dogara da ''farko'' ba dole ne a amince da su ta hanyar kwangila koyaushe. <ref>[http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/individual_rights.html "Individual rights"], ''Ayn Rand Lexicon''.</ref> Masanin falsafa na ƙarni na goma sha tara Frédéric Bastiat ya taƙaita rikice-rikice tsakanin waɗannan munanan haƙƙoƙi da tabbatacce ta wurin cewa Kamar haka: A cewar Jan Narveson, ra'ayin wasu na cewa babu bambanci tsakanin haƙƙin mara kyau da masu kyau a kan cewa haƙƙin da ba daidai ba yana buƙatar 'yan sanda da kotuna don aiwatar da su "kuskure ne". Ya ce tambayar da ke tsakanin me mutum ke da hakkin yi da wanda idan wani ya aiwatar da hakan lamari ne daban. Idan har hakkoki ba su da kyau to yana nufin babu wanda ke da hakkin tilasta su, ko da yake daidaikun mutane suna da hakkin yin amfani da duk wata hanya da ba ta tilastawa ba don samun hadin kan wasu wajen kare haƙƙin. Saboda haka, ya ce "bambance tsakanin korau da tabbatacce yana da ƙarfi sosai." Masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun yarda cewa haƙƙin kariya, ba su wanzu har sai an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar kwangila. Sai dai masu wannan ra'ayi ba sa nufin 'yan sanda, alal misali, ba su da hakkin kare hakkin 'yan kasa. Tun da sun yi yarjejeniya da ma'aikatansu don kare 'yan ƙasa daga tashin hankali, to sun haifar da wannan wajibcin ga ma'aikacin su. Hakki mara kyau na rayuwa yana bawa mutum damar kare rayuwarsa daga wasu ƙoƙarin kashe shi, ko kuma samun taimako na son rai daga wasu don kare rayuwarsa &#x2014; amma ba zai tilasta wa wasu su kare shi ba, saboda ba shi da haƙƙin halitta da za a ba shi. tsaro. Tilasta wa mutum kare hakkinsa mara kyau, ko kuma hakkin wani bangare na uku, zai zama tauye hakkin mutumin ko dan'adam. Wasu masu fafutuka na ganin cewa akwai bambanci tsakanin munanan hakkokinsu da na kwarai suna ganin kasancewar rundunar ‘yan sanda ko sojoji ba wai saboda wani hakki mai kyau na wadannan ayyuka da ‘yan kasa ke da’awa ba, sai dai saboda kasancewarsu ‘ yan mulkin mallaka ne ko kuma kayayyakin jama’a &#x2014; fasalulluka na kowace al'ummar ɗan adam da ta taso ta hanyar dabi'a, ko da yayin da suke bin manufar munanan haƙƙi kawai. Robert Nozick yayi dogon bayani akan wannan ra'ayin a cikin littafinsa ''Anarchy, State, and Utopia'' . == A cikin magani == A fagen magani, haƙƙin haƙƙin marasa lafiya sau da yawa suna cin karo da mummunan haƙƙin likitoci. A cikin wuraren da ake jayayya kamar [[Zubar da ciki|zubar]] da ciki da taimakawa kashe kansa, ƙwararrun likitoci na iya ba su son bayar da wasu ayyuka don ɗabi'a ko dalilai na falsafa. Idan ƙwararrun likitocin sun fice sakamakon lamiri, haƙƙin da aka ba shi ta hanyar ƙa'idodin sashe na lamiri a yawancin hukunce-hukunce (duba Lantarki ƙin zubar da ciki da lamiri a cikin magani a Amurka ), marasa lafiya na iya samun wata hanya ta samun nasu haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka. cika Irin wannan shi ne batun Janet Murdock, wata mace ta Montana wadda ba ta iya samun wani likita da zai taimaka mata kashe kansa a 2009. Wannan takaddama game da haƙƙin jama’a a cikin muhawarar jama’a da ke gudana tsakanin ma'aikacin ra'ayin mazan jiya Wesley J. Smith da masanin ilimin halittu Jacob M. Appel. A cikin tattaunawa ''Baxter v.'' ''Montana'', Appel ya rubuta: Smith ya ba da amsa cewa wannan yana "ɗaukar nauyin mutuwa da canza shi zuwa wani aikin kisa", wanda ya ce "yana nuna mummunar rashin fahimtar aikin tsarin gwamnati". == Suka == [[File:Aid_Pakistan_Truck.jpeg|right|thumb|180x180px| Haƙƙin samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki yana buƙatar ayyuka don guje wa sata, amma kuma haƙƙin yin aiki ta hanyoyin da za su kare ko gyara isar da kayayyaki. Ba za a iya tabbatar da haƙƙin ta hanyar ayyuka masu kyau kawai ba, kuma ba kawai ayyuka marasa kyau ba; yana bukatar duka biyun.]] Mai yiwuwa, idan mutum yana da haƙƙi masu kyau yana nuna cewa wasu mutane suna da ayyuka masu kyau (don ɗaukar wasu ayyuka); alhali munanan haƙƙin na nuna cewa wasu suna da ayyuka mara kyau (don guje wa wasu ayyuka). Masanin falsafa Henry Shue yana da shakka; ya yi imanin cewa duk haƙƙoƙi (ko da kuwa sun fi "mara kyau" ko "tabbatacce") yana buƙatar nau'ikan ayyuka guda biyu a lokaci ɗaya. A wasu kalmomi, Shue ya ce girmama haƙƙin yana buƙatar nisantar (ayyukan "marasa kyau") amma kuma ayyuka na kariya ko gyara (ayyukan "tabbatacce"). Bambance-bambancen da ba daidai ba na iya zama batun girmamawa; Don haka ba shi da amfani a siffanta ''kowane hakki'' kamar yana buƙatar ɗaya kawai daga cikin nau'ikan ayyuka biyu. <ref name="ShueRights">Shue, Henry (1980). </ref> Don Shue, ana iya fahimtar haƙƙoƙin koyaushe azaman fuskantar “barazana daidai” ga ɗan adam. Yin hulɗa tare da daidaitattun barazanar yana buƙatar kowane nau'i na ayyuka, waɗanda za a iya raba su cikin lokaci (misali "idan guje wa halayen cutarwa ya kasa, fara gyara lalacewa"), amma kuma an raba tsakanin mutane. Maganar ita ce, kowane hakki yana tsokanar duk nau'ikan halaye guda uku (gujewa, kariya, gyara) zuwa wani mataki. Yin hulɗa da barazana kamar kisan kai, alal misali, zai buƙaci mutum ɗaya ya yi aiki da gujewa (misali mai yuwuwar kisa dole ne ya natsu), wasu don kare (misali ɗan sanda, wanda dole ne ya dakatar da harin, ko kuma wanda ke tsaye, wanda zai iya zama wajibi. a kira ’yan sanda), da sauran su gyara (misali likitan da dole ne ya tada wanda aka kai wa hari). Don haka, ko da mummunan haƙƙin da ba a kashe ba za a iya tabbatar da shi ne kawai tare da taimakon wasu ayyuka masu kyau. Shue ya ci gaba, kuma ya ci gaba da cewa rabe-raben haƙƙoƙi mara kyau da tabbatacce na iya zama cutarwa, saboda yana iya haifar da rashin kula da ayyukan da suka dace Kuma suke da fa'ida. <ref name="ShueRights">Shue, Henry (1980). </ref> James P. Sterba yayi irin wannan suka. Yana da ra'ayin cewa duk wani hakki na iya bayyana ko dai yana da kyau ko mara kyau dangane da harshen da aka yi amfani da shi wajen ayyana shi. Ya rubuta: Sterba ya sake sake fasalin "haƙƙi mai kyau" na gargajiya don tanadi, kuma ya sanya shi a cikin wani nau'i na "haƙƙin mara kyau" ''don kada a hana'' su ɗaukar albarkatun da kansu. Don haka, duk haƙƙoƙin ƙila ba wai kawai suna buƙatar ayyuka na “tabbatacce” da “marasa kyau” ba, amma da alama haƙƙoƙin da ba su haɗa da aikin tilastawa ba za a iya faɗi su da kyau ko mara kyau yadda aka so. Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin mai kyau da mara kyau ba zai zama mai fa'ida sosai ba, ko kuma ya cancanta, saboda haƙƙoƙin da ake buƙata na samar da aiki ana iya maimaita su daga " haƙƙin neman ilimi " ko " [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin kula da lafiya]] " zuwa "haƙƙin karɓar rarar kuɗi don biyan malamai" ko "damar karban rarar kudi a biya likitoci" koma dai wasu ma'aikatan. == Wasu abubuwan == * [[Haƙƙin Da'awa da yanci|Da'awar haƙƙoƙin da haƙƙoƙin yanci]] - bambanci daban-daban, na asali zuwa wancan tsakanin haƙƙoƙi masu kyau da mara kyau * Tattalin arzikin tsarin mulki * Tsarin tsarin mulki * Hakki * 'Yanci da lasisi * Yi mulki bisa ga babbar doka * Dokar Hakki na Biyu * [[Ƴancin Dan adam zuwa gida uku|Ƙarni uku na haƙƙin ɗan adam]] * Ra'ayoyi guda biyu na 'Yanci - lacca ta Isaiah Berlin, wanda ya bambanta tsakanin 'yanci mai kyau da mara kyau * Sanarwar Vienna da Shirin Aiki == Bayanai == <references /> == Manazarta == * ''Mawallafa'' bita na mako-mako na Stephen Holmes da Cass R. Sunstein, ''Kudin Haƙƙin: Me yasa 'Yanci Ya dogara da Haraji'' ,  . * Nozick, Robert (1975). ''Anarchy, Jiha, da Utopia'' . Oxford : Blackwell. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-631-15680-1|0-631-15680-1]] * Sterba, JP, "Daga 'Yanci zuwa Jin Dadi" a cikin ''Da'a: Babban Tambayoyi'' . Maldan, MA : Blackwell, 1998. (shafi na 238) * Hodgson, D. (1998). ''Haqqin Dan Adam na Ilimi'' . Aldershot, Ingila: Ashgate Publishing [[Category:Hakki]] [[Category:Mutuwa]] [[Category:Yanci]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kir5s0g4fj4bfysfxt3nh7nex6me7ct 0 30185 548010 510372 2024-11-28T22:59:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Juliet Ibrahim.png|thumb|hoton Juliet ]] '''Juliet Ibrahim''' 'yar wasan [[Ghana]] ce, mai shirya fina-finai<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ameyawdebrah.com/photos-juliet-ibrahim-premieres-movie-number-1-fan-lagos/|title=Juliet Ibrahim Film Number 1 Fan Premieres|accessdate=25 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729181959/http://www.ameyawdebrah.com/photos-juliet-ibrahim-premieres-movie-number-1-fan-lagos/|archive-date=29 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/07/photos-ay-bryan-okwara-others-attend-juliet-ibrahims-movie-premiere-in-lagos/|title=Juliet Ibrahim film Premieres|publisher=thenet.ng|accessdate=25 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723105145/http://thenet.ng/2014/07/photos-ay-bryan-okwara-others-attend-juliet-ibrahims-movie-premiere-in-lagos/|archive-date=23 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma mawaƙa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonlinegh.com/new-video-juliet-ibrahim-feat-amon-sholala/|title=New Video: Juliet Ibrahim Feat. Amon – Sholala|website=EOnlineGH.Com|access-date=5 August 2019}}</ref> 'yar asalin [[Lebanon|Labanon]], [[Ghana]] da [[Laberiya]]. Ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a lambar yabo ta Jagoranci a Kyautar Fina-finan [[Ghana]] na 2010 saboda rawar da ta taka a wasan ''4 Play''. An yi mata lakabi da "Mafi Kyawun Mace ta [[Yammacin Afirka]]" a cewar Mujallar A-listers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2013/11/magazine-names-juliet-ibrahim-as-the-most-beautiful-woman-in-west-africa.html|title=Nigerian Magazine names Juliet Ibrahim the Most Beautiful West African Woman|date=12 November 2013|publisher=informationng.com|accessdate=25 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/11/06/ghanaian-actress-juliet-ibrahim-is-a-listers-magazines-most-beautiful-woman-in-west-africa/|title=Juliet Ibrahim is A Listers Magazine Most Beautiful Woman|date=6 November 2013|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=25 July 2014}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Juliet Ibrahim ga uba dan kasar Lebanon da uwa ’yar Ghana-Labariya. Ita ce babba kuma tana da ’yan’uwa mata biyu ciki har da ‘yar wasan kwaikwayo Sonia Ibrahim, da kuma yaya. Juliet tare da ƴan uwanta sun shafe tsawon lokacin ƙuruciyarsu a [[Lebanon]] da [[Ivory Coast]] saboda yakin basasa. Ta yi karatun firamare a kasar Lebanon, sannan ta wuce kasar [[Ivory Coast]] domin yin karatun sakandare inda ta zauna da iyayenta. Ta yi karatu a Cibiyar Harsuna ta [[Ghana]], inda ta karanci Turanci, Faransanci da Sipaniya. Ta kuma karanci harkokin kasuwanci da talla da hulda da jama'a a cibiyar aikin jarida ta Ghana.<ref>{{cite news|title=Silverbird Cinemas Weekly Magazine|work=July 18–24, 2014 edition (Page 13)|date=18 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalsignaturegh.com/www.julietibrahim.net/bio.php|title=Juliet Ibrahim Biography|publisher=royalsignaturegh.com|accessdate=26 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726044103/http://www.royalsignaturegh.com/www.julietibrahim.net/bio.php|archive-date=26 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzzghana.com/juliet-ibrahim-biography-personal-profile/|title=Juliet Ibrahim Biography|date=9 May 2014|publisher=buzzghana.com|accessdate=26 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/06/celebrity-bio-ghanaian-actress-juliet-ibrahims-biography.html|title=Juliet Ibrahim Biography|date=24 June 2014|publisher=informationng.com|accessdate=26 July 2014}}</ref> Ibrahim ta yi tsokaci kan cewa a [[Afirka]] ba a dauke ta a matsayin bakar mace saboda launin fatarta, amma a wajen Afirka an san ta da bakar fata. Ta yi adawa da kalmar 'rabi-caste' kuma ta ce ita 'Baƙar fata ce kuma tana alfahari da shi'.<ref>{{Cite news|title="Why are you so selfish with this beauty"- Fan reacts to Juliet Ibrahim's latest photo|url=https://theindependentghana.com/2020/06/why-are-you-so-selfish-with-this-beauty-fan-reacts-to-juliet-ibrahims-latest-photo/|access-date=2020-06-11|website=The Independent Ghana|language=en|archive-date=2022-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315161333/https://theindependentghana.com/2020/06/why-are-you-so-selfish-with-this-beauty-fan-reacts-to-juliet-ibrahims-latest-photo/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Ibrahim ta fara fitowa a fim din ''Crime to Christ'' a shekarar 2005 tare da [[Majid Michel]]. Fim dinta na farko na Nollywood shine ''Yankee Boys'' kuma ta yi fice a fina-finai sama da 50 bayan haka. A shekarar 2014 ta fito da fim dinta na farko ''Number One Fan'', inda ta fito a matsayin jarumar da wani masoyin fim din ya zage shi. Fim dinta na biyu mai suna ‘Shattered Romance’<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bunmiodunowo.com/juliet-ibrahims-shattered-romance-premieres-to-a-sold-out-audience-in-accrasee-pictures/|title=Welcome to Bunmio Dunowo|website=bunmiodunowo.com|access-date=19 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508011811/http://bunmiodunowo.com/juliet-ibrahims-shattered-romance-premieres-to-a-sold-out-audience-in-accrasee-pictures/|archive-date=8 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> wanda ya nuna ’yan wasan [[Najeriya]] da Ghana, wanda aka kaddamar da shi a tsakiyar birnin Accra, Ghana a ranar 5 ga Disamba 2014. Sabon shirinta na TV; 'Kowace Mace Tana Da Labari' Inda ta fayyace ƙwarewar daraktanta tana nunawa akan Terrestrial TV kuma sabon Nunin Gaskiyar ta, Cikakkar Mataimakin, TPA za a bayyana nan ba da jimawa ba. Ta kuma fito a fina-finan Twi, a cikin fina-finan [[Yarbanci]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://naijagists.com/life-after-marriage-mercy-aigbe-ft-juliet-ibrahim-in-new-yoruba-movie-photos/|website=NaijaGists|title=Ghanaian actress Juliet Ibrahim features in first Yoruba movie with Mercy Aigbe}}</ref> sannan kuma a cikin fim din Ladan Aure na [[harshen Hausa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/juliet-ibrahim-actress-stars-in-1st-hausa-movie-ladan-noma-id4705671.html |title=Actress stars in 1st Hausa movie "Ladan Noma" |access-date=2022-03-15 |archive-date=2017-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510155940/http://pulse.ng/movies/juliet-ibrahim-actress-stars-in-1st-hausa-movie-ladan-noma-id4705671.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Filmography == {{columns-list|*''Crime to Christ'' (2005) *''In The Eyes of My Husband'' (2007) *''Yankee Boys'' (2008) *''Losing You'' (2008) *''Royal Storm'' (2009) *''Restore My Love'' (2009) *''Naked Weapon'' (2009) *''Dead End'' (2008) *''Lost Desire'' (2008) *''Bloodfight'' (2007) *''Beautiful King'' (2009) *''Tattoo Boys'' (2009) *''Missing Child'' (2009) *''Honor My Will'' (2008) *''Cash Adventure'' (2008) *''Hidden'' (2009) *''Last Hope'' (DNA test) (2009) *''Queen's Pride'' (2009) *''Enemy of My Soul'' (2009) *''Princess Rihanna '' (2010) *''Millions'' (2010) *''4play'' (2010) *''Master of the Game'' (2011) *''Battle of love'' (2011) *''4play reloaded'' (2010) *''Crazy Scandal'' (2010) *''Beyond love'' (2010) *''Marriage of sorrows'' (2009) *''30 Days in Atlanta'' (2014) *''Life after Marriage'' (2014) *''Number One Fan'' (2014) *''Shattered Romance'' (2015) *''Teens Life'' (2015) *''Anniversary'' (2015) *''Black bride'' (2016) *''Rough day'' (2015) *''Perfect Crime'' (2017) *''10 days in sun city'' (2016) *''London Fever'' (2016) *''Ladan Noma'' (2016) *''Akpe: Return of the Beast'' (2019)|colwidth=18em}} == Kyauta == * 2010: Achievement Award – City People Magazine, Accra * 2010: Ghana Movie Personality of the Year – City People Magazine, Lagos * 2010: Best Lead Actress in a movie – Ghana Movie Awards * 2014: Best Ghanaian Actress – City People Entertainment * 2016: Actress of the year – Starzzawards == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] r23gavkw6bhr9i92aq04otgpnhaykxy 0 30248 547884 492238 2024-11-28T21:40:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Becca in Brazil.jpg|thumb|jakia a brazil]] '''Jackie Appiah''' (an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Disamban shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da uku miladiyya 1983<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/ghana/people/moviestars/jackie_appiah/biography/|title=Jackie Appiah Biography {{!}} Profile {{!}} Ghana|website=www.peacefmonline.com|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref>) yar wasan Ghana ce haifaffiyar Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/showbiz/ghana-movies/jackie-appiah-to-sponsor-juvenile-prison-inmate-s-education.html|title=Jackie Appiah to sponsor juvenile prison inmate's education|website=Graphic Showbiz Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref> Domin aikinta na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, ta sami kyautuka da nadiri da yawa, ciki har da kyaututtukan kyaututtuka na ƙwararrun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin jagora a lambar yabo ta shekarar, 2010 Africa Movie Academy Awards; kuma ''Best Actress in a Supporting Role'' a Africa Movie Academy Awards a shekara ta, 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/weekend-starter/4100-unveilling-queen-jackie-appiahbest-actress-in-africa|title=Unveilling Queen Jackie Appiah•Best Actress in Africa|last=Idowu|first=Ayo|date=16 April 2010|work=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|access-date=8 December 2010|location=Ibadan, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506025358/http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/weekend-starter/4100-unveilling-queen-jackie-appiahbest-actress-in-africa|archive-date=6 May 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="amaa2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|title=Nominees & Winners of AMAA 2007 @ a glance|publisher=The African Movie Academy Awards|access-date=11 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210070846/http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|archive-date=10 December 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta samu nadi biyu a matsayin ''Best Actress in a Leading Role'' da ''Best Upcoming actress'' a Africa Movie Academy Awards a shekara ta, 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screenafrica.com/news/industry/363428.htm|title=Africa Movie Academy Awards' nominees take a bow in Josies|access-date=2009-10-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208181413/http://www.screenafrica.com/news/industry/363428.htm|archive-date=2010-02-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghanaslayers.com/2019/01/25/full-profile-biography-of-jackie-appiah-husband-son-movies-photos/|title=Full Profile & Biography of Jackie Appiah – Husband, Son, Movies, Photos|website=Ghanaslayers.com|date=25 January 2019|access-date=16 March 2022|archive-date=9 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009070426/https://ghanaslayers.com/2019/01/25/full-profile-biography-of-jackie-appiah-husband-son-movies-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Jackie Appiah a Kanada a ranar 5 ga watan Disamba shekara ta, 1983. Ita ce ta karshe a cikin yara biyar. Ita ’yar asalin Kanada ce ’yar Ghana, kamar yadda aka haife ta a Toronto. Ta yi kuruciyarta a Kanada, kuma ta koma Ghana tare da mahaifiyarta tana da shekara 10.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/11673/1/I-doubt-if-I-can-play-nude-roles-but-Jackie-Appiah/Page1.html|title=I doubt if I can play nude roles but… —Jackie Appiah|date=26 July 2009|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|access-date=8 December 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503102357/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/11673/1/I-doubt-if-I-can-play-nude-roles-but-Jackie-Appiah/Page1.html|archive-date=3 May 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> An fi saninta da sunanta, Appiah. Appiah ta auri Peter Agyemang a shekara ta, 2005 kuma tana da da guda.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yen.com.gh/105830-jackie-appiah-son-actress-child.html|title=Jackie Aphia's Son: What Do We Know About the Actress' Son?|last=Alabi|first=Jasmine|date=2018-02-19|website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en|access-date=2019-07-25}}</ref> Mahaifin Appiah shine Kwabena Appiah (kanin marigayi Joe Appiah, shahararren lauya a Kumasi), a halin yanzu yana zaune a Toronto, Ontario, Canada. == Rigima == A shekarar, 2020 ne aka yada jita-jita cewa Jackie Appiah ta samu juna biyu ga shugaban kasar Laberiya, George Weah. Sai dai ta yi watsi da wannan jita-jita ta shafinta na Instagram tana mai cewa: "Dariyar da ke kawar da karya da labaran karya."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-28|title=Ghanaian actress, Jackie Appiah, reacts to getting pregnant for Liberian president, George Weah|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/ghanaian-actress-jackie-appiah-reacts-to-getting-pregnant-for-liberian-president-george-weah/|access-date=2021-02-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Aiki == Fitowar Appiah akan allo ya zama na yau da kullun lokacin da Edward Seddoh Junior, marubucin ''hings We Do For Love'', inda ta taka rawar Enyonam Blagogee. Daga baya ta shiga cikin ''Tentacles'', ''Games People Play'', ''Sun-city'' da sauran shirye-shiryen TV da yawa. Appiah ta tuna cewa ta kasance mai jin kunya a karon farko da ta fara shirin: "Wani shiri ne na Fina-Finan Venus mai suna ''Divine Love'' kuma dole ne in taka rawar Kate, jarumar. Ban yi imani da yin kyau sosai ba. Na yi fumble amma , mutane da yawa ba su lura ba." Duk da tashin hankalinta, farkon lokacin ta ce ta yi nasarar burge kowa da kowa. Appiah ta ce mafi kyawun aikinta shine a cikin 'yar Mummy ta Venus Films. Fim din ya ba da labarin Bartels Family inda ta taka rawar Princess, 'yar. "Na ji dadin yadda na yi kuma na yi farin ciki da rawar da na taka". Yanzu Appiah tana ganin masana’antar fim ta cikin gida ta canza da kyau. Tana tsammanin cewa wasu za su ga nasarar ta na ƙarshe. === Nasarar Nollywood da nasara === An riga an san Appiah da Nollywood ta hanyar fina-finan Ghana masu yawa da suka samu nasara ciki har da ''Beyoncé - The President Daughter'', ''Princess Tyra'', ''Passion of the Soul'', ''Pretty Queen'', ''The Prince's Bride'', ''The King is Mine'' da ''The Perfect Picture.''<ref>{{cite web|title=Jackie Appiah|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/jackie-appiah/|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref> Fitattun fina-finanta na Nollywood sun hada da ''Black Soul'' da ''Bitter Blessing'', tare da dan wasan Nollywood [[Ramsey Nouah|Ramsey Noah]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Black Soul|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJydbfzQHr8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628144129/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJydbfzQHr8&gl=US&hl=en|archive-date=2016-06-28|url-status=dead|publisher=youtube|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Bitter Blessing - Latest Nigerian Nollywood Movie|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl6p-5Un9wY|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301143007/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl6p-5Un9wY|archive-date=2020-03-01|url-status=bot: unknown|publisher=Youtube|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref> da ''My Last Wedding'', tare da ɗan wasan Nollywood [[Emeka Ike]].<ref>{{cite web|title=My Last Wedding|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ioRtByvU3T4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807193805/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ioRtByvU3T4|archive-date=2014-08-07|url-status=dead|publisher=youtube|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref> A shekarar 2013 ta lashe kyautar gwarzuwar jarumar duniya a bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta Papyrus Magazine Screen Actors Awards (PAMSAA)na shekarar, 2013. wanda aka gudanar a Abuja, Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jackie Appiah wins Best International Actress award at PAMSAA 2013|url=http://www.nigeriamovienetwork.com/articles/read-jackie-appiah-wins-best-international-actress-award-at-pamsaa-2013_789.html|publisher=nigeriamovienetwork.com|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref> === Ayyukan haɓakawa === Ana iya ganin fuskar Appiah akan allunan talla da tallace-tallacen TV da yawa a Ghana gami da tallan GSMF kan kariya daga cutar HIV AIDS. Ta samu nasara a fuskar U.B a wani tallan da ta yi musu a tallace-tallacen TV kuma a halin yanzu ita ce fuskar IPMC ta tallace-tallace da allunan talla. "GSMF" ita ce tallarta ta farko ta talabijin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jackie Appiah|url=http://content.ghananation.com/templates/default.aspx?a=106&template=print-article.htm|publisher=ghananation.com/|access-date=22 February 2015|archive-date=19 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120519092414/http://content.ghananation.com/templates/default.aspx?a=106&template=print-article.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Filmography == {{columns-list|*''Things We Do for Love (Jerin talabijin na Ghana)'' *''Divine Love '' *''The Heart of Men '' *''The Power of a Woman'' *''Run Baby Run '' *''Beyoncé - The President Daughter '' *''The Return of Beyoncé '' *''Mummy’s Daughter '' *''The Love Doctor '' *''Royal Battle '' *''Chasing Hope '' *''Princess Tyra '' *''the prince's bride'' *''Fake Feelings'' *''Wind of Love '' *''Total Love '' *''Passion of the Soul'' *''Mortal Desire '' *''Pretty Queen '' *''The Prince's Bride '' *''The King is Mine '' *''Spirit of a Dancer '' *''Excess Money '' *''Blindfold '' *''Before My Eyes '' *''Virginity '' *''Career woman'' *''Passion Lady'' *''Her Excellency'' *''The Perfect Picture'' *''Prince of the Niger '' *''My Last Wedding '' *''Love Games '' *''Tears of Womanhood '' *''Night Wedding '' *''A Cry for Justice '' *''4 Plays'' *''4 Play Reloaded '' *''Death after Birth '' *''Golden Stool '' *''Deadly Assignment '' *''Turning Point '' *''Wrath of a Woman'' *''Blind Lust'' *''Black Soul'' *''Against My Will'' *''Royal Kidnap'' *''End of Royal Kidnap'' *''The Siege'' *''Royal Honour'' *''Eye of the gods'' *''The Comforter'' *''Palace Slave'' *''Throwing Stones'' *''Comfort My Soul'' *''Above Love'' *''Wind of Sorrow'' *''Piece of My Soul'' *''Cold Heart'' *''Golden Heart'' *''A Bitter Blessing'' *''Queens heart'' *''Kings heart'' *''Forever young'' *''Barrister Anita'' *''Deep Fever'' *''Sisters At War'' *''Cheaters '' *''The Perfect Picture - Ten Years later''<ref>{{Citation|last=Frimpong-Manso|first=Shirley|title=The Perfect Picture - Ten Years Later|date=2020-07-04|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt12058774/?ref_=nm_flmg_act_2|type=Comedy, Romance|others=Jackie Appiah, Naa Ashorkor Mensa-Doku, Lydia Forson, Adjetey Anang|publisher=Sparrow Pictures|access-date=2021-02-03}}</ref> *''Reason To Kill '' *''Grooms Bride '' *''Heart of Men '' *''Stigma ''<ref>{{cite web|title="Deep Fever" Watch Bobby Michaels, Jackie Appiah, Femi Jacobs in trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/deep-fever-watch-bobby-michaels-jackie-appiah-femi-jacobs-in-trailer-id4675950.html|website=Pulse.ng|date=11 February 2016|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|access-date=11 February 2016}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *''Yolo (Jerin talabijin na Ghana)'' *''Perfect Love 1''ins *''Perfect Love 2''|colwidth=20em|style=width: 1700px; font-style: italic;}} == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jackie ta auri Peter Agyemang a shekara ta, 2005 wanda ta haifi da guda, Damien. Sun rabu bayan shekara uku da aure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buzzghana.com/jackie-appiah/|title=Jackie Appiah - Bio, Husband, Children, Twin Sister, Age, Other Facts|date=15 May 2015}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1983]] ooron0sps2wkm2vfjgdd6v7mqpdlzy9 0 30300 547715 523135 2024-11-28T20:06:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare''' (an haife ta Maris 1, 1974) lauya ce kuma ƴan siyasa ƴan Ghana wacce ta yi ministar yawon buɗe ido, al'adu da kere-kere. Shugaba John Mahama ne ya nada ta a wannan mukamin a shekarar 2013 lokacin da ya kafa gwamnatinsa ta farko. Ita mamba ce ta National Democratic Congress.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/lifestyle/life/elizabeth-ofosu-agyare-minister-of-tourism-culture-creative-arts.html|title=Elizabeth Ofosu-Agyare: Minister of Tourism, Culture & Creative Arts - Graphic Online - {{!}} 2016|last=Frimpong|first=Enoch Darfah|newspaper=Graphic Online|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/news/general-news/19791-more-ministerial-nominees-appear-before-parliament|title=More Ministerial Nominees Appear Before Parliament|date=12 February 2013|publisher=Ghana government|work=News Archive|accessdate=4 April 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130217062904/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/news/general-news/19791-more-ministerial-nominees-appear-before-parliament|archivedate=17 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://ghanapoliticsonline.com/minister-defends-john-dumelos-appointment/|title=Minister for Tourism, Mrs Elizabeth Ofosu-Agyare Defends John Dumelo's Appointment - GhanaPoliticsOnline|date=2016-03-30|newspaper=GhanaPoliticsOnline|language=en-US|access-date=2016-11-29|archive-date=2016-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130110932/http://ghanapoliticsonline.com/minister-defends-john-dumelos-appointment/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-30|title=Minister for Tourism, Mrs Elizabeth Ofosu-Agyare Defends John Dumelo's Appointment|url=https://ghanapoliticsonline.com/minister-defends-john-dumelos-appointment/|access-date=2022-01-24|website=GhanaPoliticsOnline.com|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124150522/https://ghanapoliticsonline.com/minister-defends-john-dumelos-appointment/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A halin yanzu ita mamba ce ta majalisar wakilai ta 8 a jamhuriyar Ghana ta hudu mai wakiltar mazabar Techiman ta Arewa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == [[File:Colombian President Manuel Santos Calderon in a chat with Tourism Minister Mrs Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare while UNWTO Secretary General Dr Taleb Rifai looks on at the opening of the 21st seeion.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare]] Misis Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare ita ce ta uku cikin ‘yan mata goma da iyayenta suka haifa, marigayi Hon Adjei-Mensah lauya, hamshakin dan kasuwa kuma ‘yar siyasa da Misis Adjei-Mensah ‘yar kasuwa. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta St Monica da ke Mampong, Kumasi inda ta samu satifiket din matakin O & A. Daga nan Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare ta wuce Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah inda ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Zamani. Ta ci gaba da zuwa Jami’ar Ghana da ke Legon inda ta ci gaba da karatunta a fannin shari’a sannan ta samu karramawa a LLB a shekarar 2002. Daga nan ta samu digiri a fannin shari’a a shekarar 2004.<ref name="User">{{Cite web|url=http://www.motcca.gov.gh/index.php/2013-08-15-03-06-30/minister|title=Minister|website=www.motcca.gov.gh|access-date=2016-11-29|archive-date=2018-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224085000/http://www.motcca.gov.gh/index.php/2013-08-15-03-06-30/minister|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Misis Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare ta fara aikinta na shari'a tare da Holy Trinity Chambers a Kumasi, yankin Ashanti a cikin 2004 kuma ta tashi ta zama abokin tarayya na Firm. Ta kuma zama lauya a shirin ba da agajin doka a yankin Ashanti. Ta kasance mamba a hukumar Multi Trust Financial Company a Kumasi daga 2004 har zuwa yau. A halin yanzu ita mamba ce ta hukumar Tarayyar Commodities Limited.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nartey|first=Laud|date=2022-01-24|title=E-levy can be passed by NPP with their slim majority, but NDC'll still oppose it - NDC MP|url=https://3news.com/e-levy-can-be-passed-by-npp-with-their-slim-majority-but-ndcll-still-oppose-it-ndc-mp/|access-date=2022-01-24|website=3NEWS|archive-date=2023-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326201641/https://3news.com/e-levy-can-be-passed-by-npp-with-their-slim-majority-but-ndcll-still-oppose-it-ndc-mp/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Fayil:Ghana's Minister of Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare]] Shugaban kasar Ghana ya nada ta a hukumar matatar mai ta Tema a shekarar 2009 kuma ta yi aiki daga 2009 zuwa 2013. Shugaba John Dramani Mahama ya nada Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare a ranar 1 ga Maris 2013 zuwa sabuwar ma'aikatar da aka kirkira/realigned. na Yawon shakatawa, Al'adu & Ƙirƙira Arts. == Aikin siyasa == === A Matsayin Ma'aikatar Yawon shakatawa, Al'adu & Ƙirƙirar Fasaha === Shugaba [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] ya nada Ofosu-Adjare a ranar 1 ga Maris, 2013 zuwa sabuwar ma'aikatar yawon shakatawa, al'adu da fasaha ta kirkire-kirkire. A matsayinta na Ministar Sashin, ta yi aiki tare da hukumomi goma sha huɗu (14) a ƙarƙashin ma'aikatarta sun gabatar da sabbin shirye-shiryen yawon shakatawa na zamani a matsayin ƙari ga samfuran yawon shakatawa na Ghana & Offers. ==== Binciken ExploreGhana ==== Abin da ya dace a ambata shi ne aikin ExploreGhana da aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2014 don ƙarfafawa da fitar da yawon shakatawa na cikin gida a Ghana.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Explore Ghana initiative launched|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/explore-ghana-initiative-launched.html|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> Bayan shekaru uku na ƙaddamar da, yawon shakatawa na cikin gida ya sami rahotanni da yawa daga kafofin watsa labaru da kungiyoyi. Don haka tabbatar da cewa kasar tana inganta <nowiki>''</nowiki> Yawon shakatawa mai alhakin <nowiki>''</nowiki> wanda ke ba da nau'ikan kayan yawon shakatawa iri-iri, wanda masu yawon bude ido na gida da na waje ke amfana da su.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Bikin Ƙasa na Fasaha & Al'adu ==== Wani babban biki na gargajiya da aka gabatar shi ne Bikin Luwadi na Jihar Ga. A karon farko a Ghana, ma'aikatar ta raya wannan biki mai kama da juna don tabbatar da yankin Greater Accra ya sami nasa bikin tambari. Ta kuma sake fasalin bikin Fasaha da Al'adu na kasa (NAFAC)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-11-02|title=National Festival of Arts & Culture opens in Accra|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/National-Festival-of-Arts-Culture-opens-in-Accra-483198|access-date=2020-10-15|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> da kuma shahararriyar Carnival ta Ghana da aka gabatar a shekarar farko ta kan karagar mulki.<ref>{{Cite web|last=AfricaNews|date=2016-07-04|title=Ghana Carnival 2016 showcases sub-regional and Caribbean cultures|url=https://www.africanews.com/2016/07/04/ghana-carnival-2016-showcases-sub-regional-and-caribbean-culture/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706163535/http://www.africanews.com/2016/07/04/ghana-carnival-2016-showcases-sub-regional-and-caribbean-culture/|archive-date=6 July 2016|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Africanews|language=en}}</ref> Ana kuma yaba mata da kafa sakatariyar harajin yawon bude ido don taimakawa wajen inganta tarawa & biyan harajin yawon shakatawa na kashi 1%. Wannan harajin ya samar da makudan kudade don gudanar da ayyukan yawon bude ido musamman a fannin bunkasa iyawa da bunkasa yawon bude ido.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GTA Inaugurates Tourism Fund Secretariat|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/602356/gta-inaugurates-tourism-fund-secretariat.html|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> ==== Bill na fim ==== Sauran nasarorin da Misis Ofosu-Adjare ta samu an yi su ne a fannin tsarin doka don tallafawa ayyukan masana'antar kere kere. Ta jagoranci zartar da kudurin dokar Fina-Finai, wanda ya ratsa ta majalisar ministoci kuma majalisar ta amince da shi ya zama doka. Wannan sabon kudiri ya maye gurbin tsohuwar dokar Fina-Finai ta 1961 kuma shi ne karo na farko da aka bullo da irin wannan sabon tsarin doka don tabbatar da cewa bangaren Fina-Finai da Talabijin ya samu goyon bayan doka da ake bukata a Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-23|title=Mahama signs Ghana film Bill into law|url=http://citifmonline.com/2016/12/mahama-signs-ghana-film-bill-into-law/|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:African_ministers_@_21st_UNWTO_General_Assembly.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:African_ministers_@_21st_UNWTO_General_Assembly.JPG|thumb|251x251px|Ministocin Afirka @ Babban taron UNWTO karo na 21]] ==== Komawa Tafiya Seychelles ==== Ta jagoranci wata babbar tawagar gwamnati don raka dawowar Sarkin Ashanti, Asantehene Otumfuo Osei Tutu II tsibirin Seychelles inda aka tura Sarkin Ashanti, Nana Prempeh I zuwa gudun hijira a lokacin yakin Ashanti da Birtaniya a 1900. shi ne karon farko da Sarki Ashanti a zaune ya ziyarci tsibirin Seychelles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asantehene goes to Seychelles Islands|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/asantehene-goes-to-seychelles-islands.html|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ghana's Ashanti king set to visit royal family's former site of exile in Seychelles|url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/2777/Ghanas+Ashanti+king+set+to+visit+royal+familys+former+site+of+exile+in+Seychelles|access-date=2020-10-15|website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com}}</ref> ==== Matsayin duniya ==== A matakin kasa da kasa, ta jagoranci sashen yawon bude ido na Ghana ta hanyar bayyanuwa akai-akai a manyan wuraren baje koli da nune-nune irin su Kasuwar tafiye-tafiye ta Duniya, Kasuwancin yawon bude ido na kasa da kasa (ITB), FITUR International Travel Fair, Vakantiebeurs Holiday Fair, & China Outbound Tourism & Travel Market. (COTTM). Ba a taba samun kasuwar Ghana a matakin kasa da kasa ba tun shekaru ukun da ta yi tana ministar sashen.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chinese Ambassador to Ghana H.E. Ms. Sun Baohong attended the hand-over ceremony for office supplies to the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Creative arts|url=https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/cegh//eng/zjgx/zzwl/t1206972.htm|access-date=2022-01-24|website=www.mfa.gov.cn|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124150151/https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/cegh//eng/zjgx/zzwl/t1206972.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Ghana's Minister of Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare]] Ta yi kira ga takwarorinta Ministocin Afirka da manyan jami'an Hukumar Kula da Yawon Bude Wa Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNWTO) don ganin Ghana ta karbi bakuncin taron Brand Africa karo na farko a Accra a watan Agustan 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UN Branding Africa Conference launched|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/635226/un-branding-africa-conference-launched.html|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> Shaharar da take da shi da rawar da take takawa a harkokin yawon bude ido na kasa da kasa ya taimaka wa Ghana ta kasance An zabe shi a matsayin kwamitin zartarwa na hukumar yawon bude ido ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a taronta na UNWTO karo na 21 a Medellin Colombia. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ta auri Mista Lawrence Ofosu-Adjare, mai kula da harkokin kiwon lafiya mai ‘ya’ya 2, Lawrence Paapa Ofosu-Adjare da Lauren Maame Ofosu-Adjare.<ref name="User" /> Ita ce diyar marigayi Isaac Kwadwo Adjei-Mensah, wadda ta taba rike ministan albarkatun ruwa, ayyuka da gidaje a zamanin gwamnatin Rawlings, sannan ta kasance ‘yar majalisa mai wakiltar Techiman ta Arewa inda a halin yanzu take ‘yar majalisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photos: Exclusive Events Ghana Ltd Mourns With Mrs. Elizabeth Ofosu-Adjare|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/638713/photos-exclusive-events-ghana-ltd-mourns-with.html|access-date=2021-02-19|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Eshun|first=Beatrice|title=President Mahama eulogises late I.K Adjei Mensah|url=https://gbcghana.com/1.4379166|access-date=2021-02-19|website=www.gbcghana.com|language=en|archive-date=2024-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240925092656/https://www.gbcghana.com/1.4379166|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1974]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] jtyv3z3nnvqq1hyjbmwsnixc6ea31fh 0 30363 547608 503597 2024-11-28T17:48:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Anita Erskine in an interview on Citi TV.jpg|thumb|anita erskine]] [[Fayil:Anita Erskine 01.jpg|thumb|anita erskine]] [[Fayil:Anita Erskine.jpg|thumb|marian anita]] '''Anita Erskine''' (an haife ta Vered - Marian Anita Erskine; 3 Disamba 1978) mai magana da yare biyu (Ingilishi da Faransanci) mai watsa shirye-shiryen Ghana ce, kwararriyar kwararriya, mai gabatar da jawabi, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma mai ba da shawara kan ilimin 'yan mata. Ita ce Babbar Furodusa kuma mai masaukin baki ''Sheroes of Our Time'', wanda ke fitowa a Akwaaba Magic a tashar DSTV. Ita ce kuma mai masaukin baki kuma mai ba da shawara na 2020 edition na Africa Netpreneur Prize Initiative (shirin samar da taimakon agaji na gidauniyar Jack Ma a Afirka).''<ref name="npi">{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Anita-Erskine-appointed-host-of-Africa-Netpreneur-Prize-Initiative-2020-910339|title=Anita Erskine appointed host of Africa Netpreneur Prize Initiative 2020|website=ghanaweb.com|date=1 April 2020|accessdate=24 March 2021|author=Brand Woman Africa}}</ref><ref name="ghanaweb1">{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Anita-Erskine-3866|title=Anita Erskine|website=ghanaweb.com|date=23 July 2020|accessdate=24 March 2021|author=ghanaweb media|archive-date=3 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203155511/https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Anita-Erskine-3866|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanatrade.gov.gh/Latest-News/anita-erskine-to-host-viasat-1s-the-one-show.html|title=Anita Erskine to host Viasat 1′s 'The One Show'|accessdate=9 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084218/http://www.ghanatrade.gov.gh/Latest-News/anita-erskine-to-host-viasat-1s-the-one-show.html|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="specta">{{cite web|url=http://www.spectator.com.gh/i-wont-be-carried-away-%E2%80%A2-anita-erskine-discusses-career-prospects-her-move-to-starr-fm/|title=I won't be carried away! • Anita Erskine discusses career prospects & her move to Starr FM|publisher=The Spectator|date=25 April 2015|accessdate=9 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010134821/http://www.spectator.com.gh/i-wont-be-carried-away-%E2%80%A2-anita-erskine-discusses-career-prospects-her-move-to-starr-fm/|archive-date=10 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ghanaweb2">{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Anita-Erskine-is-new-face-of-Tales-from-the-Powder-Room-597889|title=Anita Erskine is new face of 'Tales from the Powder Room'|website=ghanaweb.com|date=7 November 2017|accessdate=24 March 2021|author=ghanaweb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/KKD-Anita-Erskine-to-host-Miss-Ghana-finals-255653|title=KKD & Anita Erskine to host Miss Ghana finals|date=7 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Sarkordie-flirts-with-Anita-Erskine-359228|title=Sarkordie 'flirts' with Anita Erskine|date=22 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/How-Anita-Erskine-is-about-to-get-the-world-s-attention-486330|title=How Anita Erskine is about to get the world's attention|date=13 November 2016}}</ref>'' == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Anita a birnin Kudus na kasar Isra'ila ga tsohon sojan Ghana kuma 'yar siyasa, Laftanar Janar Emmanuel Erskine da Rose Anastasia Erskine. Ta girma a Ghana kuma a ƙarshen samari ta koma Kanada.''<ref name="specta" />''<ref name="wife">{{cite web|url=http://graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/8832-lebanese-president-sleiman-honours-two-retired-military-officers.html|title=Lebanese President Sleiman honours two retired military officers|date=18 March 2013|accessdate=9 January 2016|author=Darfah Frimpong, Enoch|website=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Graphic]]}}</ref> Anita tana da digiri na farko na Arts a cikin Nazarin Al'adu daga Jami'ar Trent.''<ref name="specta" />'' === Ilimi === [[File:Anita Erskine 01.jpg|thumb|Anita Erskine]] Ta yi karatun Firamare a Christ the King International School da Sakandarenta a Makarantar Kasa da Kasa ta Ghana. Erskine yana da digiri na farko a cikin Nazarin Al'adu daga Jami'ar Trent a Peterborough, Ontario Canada. == Aiki == Fitowar shirin talabijin na farko da Anita ta yi a gidan Talabijin na Ghana shine a shekarar 1998 lokacin da ta dauki nauyin Bakwai da Kyawun Maganar Omnibus a tashar talabijin ta Metro. A Kanada ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar gudanarwa sannan kuma mai watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a FLOW 93.5 a Toronto. A 2006, ta zama mai masaukin baki na ''TV3's Mentor''.<ref name="wow">{{cite web|url=http://graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/4318-anita-erskine-if-only-she-could-make-time-for-acting.html|title=Anita Erskine: If only she could make time for acting|website=Daily Graphic (Ghana)|date=15 August 2013|accessdate=9 January 2016|author=Darfah Frimpong, Enoch}}</ref> Bayan da aka duba ta a shekarar 2007, ta zama wakiliyar Ghana a gidan rediyon MNET na Studio 53. Daga baya a shekarar 2009, a lokacin da take hutun haihuwa, ta fara aiki a Viasat 1 a Ghana a matsayin jagorar shirya shirye-shiryen gidan rediyon. Bayan fitowarta daga Viasat 1 da Modern African Productions, ta zama mai masaukin baki na Ifactory Live's Pamper Your Mum, Cooking With and Making of a Mogul.<ref name="grap2">{{cite web|url=http://graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/4318-anita-erskine-if-only-she-could-make-time-for-acting.html|title=Anita Erskine: If only she could make time for acting|website=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Graphic]]|date=15 August 2013|accessdate=9 January 2016|author=Darfah Frimpong, Enoch}}</ref><ref name="dstv">{{cite web|url=http://africamagic.dstv.com/2012/11/02/interview-anita/|title=Anita: the hardest working girl on TV|date=2 November 2012|accessdate=9 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127113011/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2012/11/02/interview-anita/|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ghanasoccernet.com/efya-anita-erskine-for-movie/|title=Efya, Anita Erskine For Movie|date=7 May 2012|accessdate=9 January 2016}}</ref><ref>https://ameyawdebrah.com/anita-erskine-gets-the-stars-cooking-on-new-show-on-africamagic/</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nydjlive.com/anita-erskine-confirmed-as-new-host-of-the-one-show/|title=Anita Erskine confirmed as new host of the One Show|date=10 July 2014}}</ref> Tsakanin 2007 zuwa farkon 2009, Anita ita ce Daraktan Sadarwa na Kamfanin Tigo (mallakar Millicom), tana taka rawa a Ghana da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=26808|title=ACCRA :Tigo moves to help humanity|publisher=[[Ghana News Agency]]|accessdate=9 January 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125023543/http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=26808|archivedate=25 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="hoc">{{cite web|url=http://edition.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200907/32734.php|title=Tigo: We released confidential info to police|publisher=myjoyonline|date=15 August 2009|accessdate=9 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127043904/http://edition.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200907/32734.php|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta dawo zuwa Viasat 1 zuwa "The One Show" a cikin 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/tv-radio/anita-erskine-returns-with-the-one-show-on-viasat-1.html|title=Anita Erskine returns with the One Show on Viasat 1}}</ref> A lokaci guda kuma, ta kuma karbi bakuncin +233 Discovery wanda ƙungiyar Discovery Learning Alliance ta haɓaka - yanzu Impact Ed International.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nydjlive.com/anita-erskine-bounces-back-with-discovery-233/|title=Anita Erskine bounces back with DISCOVERY +233|date=7 July 2015}}</ref><ref>http://www.impacted.org/stories/why-i-empower-girls-by-anita-erskine/ {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/city-people-awards-names-anita-erskine-as-best-tv-hostess/|title=City People Awards names Anita Erskine as best TV Hostess {{!}} News Ghana}}</ref> A cikin 2015, ta zama mai masaukin baki ga Accra - tushen Starr FM's "Starr Drive" tare da Bola Ray sannan tare da Giovanni Caleb. Ta yi murabus daga kungiyar a watan Nuwamba 2017 don mai da hankali kan gina kamfanin bayar da shawarwari da samarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/showbiz/news/money-not-motivation-anita-erskine.html|first1=Kofi|last1=Duah|first2=Jayne|last2=Buckman-Owoo|title=Money not my motivation - Anita Erskine|date=21 March 2019|website=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Graphic]]|access-date=2019-03-23}}</ref> Ta kafa Consultancy Communications Consultancy, Anita Erskine Media a watan Yuni 2016 kuma ta gina wani reshe daya mai suna Bosslady Productions. == Kyaututtuka == * Mata 100 da suka fi kowa tasiri a Afirka<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.100women.avancemedia.org/anitaerskine/|title=100Women &#124; Avance Media &#124; Anita Erskine|access-date=2022-03-18|archive-date=2021-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728203545/https://100women.avancemedia.org/ANITAERSKINE/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Mata 100 da suka fi burgewa a Ghana<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/|title=Glitz top 100 inspirational women – Glitz Africa Magazine}}</ref> * Mutane 100 Mafi Tasiri A Ghana<ref>http://www.thosewhoinspire.com</ref> * POWER INFLUENCER: Wanene a Ghana<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whoswhoghana.com/ghanas-power-influencers/anita-erskine/|title=Anita Erskine - Ghana's Power Influencers|access-date=2022-03-18|archive-date=2021-06-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621230125/https://whoswhoghana.com/ghanas-power-influencers/anita-erskine/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Halayyar Rediyo da Talabijan (RTP) - Mai Gabatar da Gidan Rediyon Na Shekarar (2017)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/rtp-awards-2017-nana-aba-anamoah-afia-schwarzenegger-win-full-list-of-winners-id7526237.html#top|title=RTP Awards 2017: Nana Aba Anamoah, Afia Schwarzenegger win + full list of winners|last=Arthur|first=Portia|access-date=2017-11-01|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031033606/http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/rtp-awards-2017-nana-aba-anamoah-afia-schwarzenegger-win-full-list-of-winners-id7526237.html#top|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Babban Gudunmawa Ga Ƙarfafa Mata - 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 2017<ref>http://www.40under40awards.com.gh</ref> * Mai Kare Kyautar Haƙƙin Mata da Yara -Tattaunawar Al'adun Matan Afirka 2017 * Mata Ma'anar Karramawar Kasuwanci - Gwargwadon Kyautar Kyauta - 2016 * Mai watsa shiri TV na Shekara - City People Awards - 2015 * Mai watsa shiri na Nishaɗi na Mata na TV na shekarar 2014 - Radiyo da Halin TV (RTP) * Jaruma Mafi Taimakawa - Kyautar Fina-Finan Ghana 2012 * Mafi kyawun Jaruma- Kyautar Fina-Finan Ghana 2013 * Jaruma Mafi Taimakawa - Ghana Movie Awards 2014 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1978]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] 6fzulasid2h0da9kpiiy84s2tdzwhkf 0 31459 548115 528589 2024-11-29T06:15:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:CFOI_30th_Anniversary.jpeg |thumb| CFOI 30th Anniversary]] [[File:Freedom_of_Information_logo.gif |thumb|Tambari]] [[File:Sample_09-F9_protest_art,_Free_Speech_Flag_by_John_Marcotte.svg|right|thumb|225x225px| Tutar Magana ta Kyauta, daga yanayin HD DVD AACS .]] '''Ƴancin bayanai''' shine ƴancin mutum ko mutane su buga da cinye bayanai. '''Samun bayanai''' shine ikon mutum don nema, karɓa da kuma ba da bayanai yadda ya kamata. Wannan wani lokaci ya haɗa da "ilimin kimiyya, ƴan asali, da na gargajiya; 'yancin yin bayanai, gina albarkatun ilimi, ciki har da bude Intanet da ka'idoji na budewa, da budewa da samun damar bayanai; adana kayan tarihi na dijital ; girmama bambancin al'adu da [[Harshe (yare)|harshe]], irin su. a matsayin haɓaka damar yin amfani da abun ciki na gida a cikin harsuna masu isa; ingantaccen ilimi ga kowa da kowa, gami da tsawon rai da koyan e-e-ilimi ; watsa sabbin kafofin watsa labarai da ilimin zamani da ƙwarewa, da haɗaɗɗiyar zamantakewa akan layi, gami da magance rashin daidaito dangane da ƙwarewa, ilimi, jinsi, shekaru, ƙabilanci, da samun dama ga nakasassu; da haɓaka haɗin kai da ICTs masu araha, gami da wayar hannu, Yanar gizo, da abubuwan more rayuwa na broadband”. Samun damar jama'a ga bayanan gwamnati, gami da ta hanyar buɗaɗɗen bayanai, da dokokin ƴancin bayanai, ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin muhimmin tushe na [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuraɗiyya]] da mutunci a cikin [[gwamnati]].<ref name="Schapper 1–14">{{Cite journal|last1=Schapper|first1=Jake H. M.|last2=McLeod|first2=Sam|last3=Hedgcock|first3=Dave|last4=Babb|first4=Courtney|date=2020-12-08|title=Freedom of Information for Planning Research and Practice in Australia: Examples, Implications, and Potential Remedies|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08111146.2020.1853522|journal=Urban Policy and Research|volume=39|language=en|pages=106–119|doi=10.1080/08111146.2020.1853522|s2cid=230563404|issn=0811-1146}}</ref> Michael Buckland ya bayyana nau'o'in shinge guda shida waɗanda dole ne a shawo kan su don samun damar samun damar bayanai: gano tushen, samuwan tushen, farashin mai amfani, farashi ga mai bayarwa, damar fahimta, yarda. Yayin da ake amfani da "samun damar bayanai", "ƴancin samun bayanai", " yancin sanin " da "'yancin bayanai" a wasu lokuta a matsayin ma'anar ma'ana, mabanbantan kalmomi suna nuna ma'auni na musamman (ko da yake suna da alaƙa) na batun.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~buckland/access.html|title=Access to information|website=people.ischool.berkeley.edu|access-date=11 June 2018}}</ref> <ref>Andrew Puddephatt, Freedom of Expression, The essentials of Human Rights, Hodder Arnold, 2005, pg.128</ref> Ƴancin bayanai yana da alaƙa da [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|ƴancin faɗar albarkacin baki]], wanda zai iya amfani da kowane matsakaici, zama na baka, rubutu, bugu, lantarki, ko ta hanyar fasahar fasaha. Wannan yana nufin cewa kare 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki a matsayin haƙƙin ya haɗa da ba kawai abubuwan da ke ciki ba, har ma da hanyoyin faɗar albarkacin baki.<ref>Andrew Puddephatt, Freedom of Expression, The essentials of Human Rights, Hodder Arnold, 2005, pg.128</ref> Ƴancin bayanai wani ra'ayi ne daban wanda wani lokaci yakan zo cikin cin karo da 'yancin keɓewa a cikin abubuwan [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]] da fasahar bayanai.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://freenetproject.org/papers/freenet-ieee.pdf|title=Protecting Free Expression Online with Freenet - IEEE Internet Computing<!-- Bot generated title -->|access-date=2022-04-27|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011183227/https://freenetproject.org/papers/freenet-ieee.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kamar yadda yake da ƴancin faɗar albarkacin baki, ' yancin yin sirri wani [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|haƙƙin ɗan adam]] ne da aka sani kuma 'yancin yin bayanai yana aiki azaman kari ga wannan haƙƙin. Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi la'akari da shi a matsayin karin [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki]], da kuma [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|ƴancin ɗan adam]] . An san shi a cikin dokokin duniya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-freedom-of-information/what-is-the-foi-act/|title=What is the Freedom of Information Act?|date=2019-04-04|website=ico.org.uk|language=en|access-date=2019-08-17|archive-date=2015-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420231507/https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-freedom-of-information/what-is-the-foi-act/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jam'iyyar Pirate Party ta ƙasa da ƙasa da Amurka sun kafa tsarin siyasa da ya danganci ƴancin bayanai.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Avast Network, What is the Pirate Party—and why is it helping Wikileaks?|magazine=The New Republic|date=24 January 2011|url=http://www.tnr.com/article/world/81963/pirate-party-wikileaks|last1=Downie|first1=James}}</ref> == Bayani == An sami gagarumin haɓakar shiga Yanar gizo, wanda ya kai sama da biliyan uku masu amfani da shi a cikin 2014, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 42 cikin ɗari na al'ummar duniya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/official_documents/Eng%20-%20Recommendation%20concerning%20the%20Promotion%20and%20Use%20of%20Multilingualism%20and%20Universal%20Access%20to%20Cyberspace.pdf|title=Recommendations concerning the promotion and use of multilinguisme and universal access to cyberspace|website=UNESCO}}</ref> Amma rarrabuwar kawuna na ci gaba da keɓance fiye da rabin al'ummar duniya, musamman mata da ƴan mata, musamman a Afirka da ƙasashe mafi ƙanƙanta da ƙasashe masu tasowa da yawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001878/187832e.pdf|title=Towards Inclusive Knowledge Societies: A Review of UNESCO Action in Implementing the WSIS Outcomes|last=Souter|first=David|year=2010|publisher=UNESCO}}</ref> Bugu da ari, mutanen da ke da naƙasa na iya samun fa'ida ko ƙara rashin ƙarfi ta hanyar ƙirar fasaha ko ta gaban ko rashin horo da ilimi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002272/227229e.pdf|title=Photos|website=UNESCO}}</ref> == Magana == === Rarraba Dijital === Samun bayanai yana fuskantar manyan matsaloli saboda rarrabuwar dijital ta duniya. Rarraba dijital shine rashin daidaiton tattalin arziki da zamantakewa dangane da samun dama, amfani, ko tasirin fasahar sadarwa da sadarwa (ICT). Rarraba tsakanin ƙasashe (kamar rarrabuwar dijital a Amurka ) na iya nufin rashin daidaito tsakanin mutane, gidaje, kasuwanci, ko yankunan yanki, yawanci a matakan zamantakewa daban-daban ko wasu nau'ikan alƙaluma. <ref name=":6" /> Rarraba tsakanin ƙasashe ko yankuna daban-daban na duniya ana kiranta da rarraba dijital ta duniya, yin nazarin wannan gibin fasaha tsakanin ƙasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa akan sikelin duniya. ==== rarrabuwar ƙabilanci ==== Ko da yake ƙungiyoyi da yawa a cikin al'umma suna fama da rashin samun damar kwamfuta ko intanet, ana lura da al'ummomin masu launi na musamman don yin mummunar tasiri ta hanyar rarraba dijital. Wannan yana bayyana idan aka zo ga lura da shiga gida-yanar gizo tsakanin jinsi da ƙabilu daban-daban. 81% na Farar fata da 83% na Asiyawa suna da damar intanet na gida, idan aka kwatanta da 70% na Hispanics, 68% na Baƙar fata, 72% na Indiyawan Indiyawa / Alaska, da 68% na ƴan asalin Hawaii/Pacific Islanders. Ko da yake samun kuɗin shiga shi ne ke haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin gida-internet, har yanzu akwai rashin daidaiton kabilanci da na kabilanci da ke tsakanin waɗanda ke cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyin samun kuɗi. Kashi 58% na masu karancin kuɗin shiga an bayar da rahoton cewa Farar fata na da damar shiga gida-internet kwatankwacin kashi 51% na Hispanic da 50% na Baƙar fata. An ruwaito wannan bayanin a cikin rahoton mai taken "dijital na dijital: Tushen nuna wariyar launin fata" wanda aka buga ta hanyar rukunin yanar gizo na DC-tushen fress na Yanar gizo. Rahoton ya kammala da cewa shingen tsari da nuna wariya da ke ci gaba da nuna kyama ga mutanen jinsi da kabilu daban-daban na taimakawa wajen yin tasiri kan rarrabuwar kawuna. Rahoton ya kuma kara da cewa har yanzu wadanda ba su da hanyar intanet na da matukar bukatar hakan, kuma rage farashin shiga intanet zai ba da damar a kara shiga tsakani cikin adalci da kuma inganta karɓuwar yanar gizo daga ƙungiyoyin da ba su sani ba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Systemic Racial Discrimination Worsens the US Digital Divide, Study Says|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/aek85p/systemic-racial-discrimination-worsens-the-us-digital-divide-study-says|last=Gustin|first=Sam|date=2016-12-14|website=Vice|language=en|access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> Ana lura da tashe-tashen hankula na dijital da son zuciya na algorithmic suna kasancewa a cikin rarrabuwar kabilanci. Dokokin kalaman ƙiyayya da kuma kalaman ƙiyayya da dandamali na kan layi irin su Facebook sun fifita maza farare da waɗanda ke cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi a cikin al'umma fiye da ƙungiyoyin da ba a sani ba a cikin al'umma, kamar mata da masu launi.<ref>https://www.freepress.net/sites/default/files/legacy-policy/digital_denied_free_press_report_december_2016.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> A cikin tarin takardu na cikin gida da aka tattara a cikin wani aiki da ProPublica ya gudanar, ƙa'idodin Facebook game da bambance maganganun ƙiyayya da kuma gane ƙungiyoyin da aka karewa sun bayyana nunin faifai waɗanda suka gano ƙungiyoyi uku, kowannen su yana ɗauke da ko dai direbobin mata, yara baƙar fata, ko kuma maza farare. Lokacin da aka gabatar da tambayar wane rukunin rukunin ke da kariya, amsar da ta dace ta kasance fararen fata. Harshen rukunin marasa rinjaye yana da mummunar tasiri ta kayan aikin gano ƙiyayya ta atomatik saboda son zuciya wanda a ƙarshe ke yanke shawarar abin da ake ɗaukar maganganun ƙiyayya da abin da ba haka ba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-hate-speech-censorship-internal-documents-algorithms|title=Facebook's Secret Censorship Rules Protect White Men From Hate Speech But Not Black Children|author1=Hannes Grassegger|author2=Julia Angwin|author2-link=Julia Angwin|date=28 June 2017|website=ProPublica}}</ref> Hakanan an lura da dandamali na kan layi don jure abubuwan ƙiyayya ga mutane masu launi amma suna hana abun ciki daga masu launi. An buga memes na Aborigin a shafin Facebook tare da abubuwan batanci na wariyar launin fata da kuma sharhi da ke nuna mutanen Aborigin a matsayin na kasa. Yayin da mafarin suka cire abubuwan da ke cikin shafin bayan wani bincike da Hukumar Sadarwa da Yada Labarai ta Australia ta gudanar, Facebook bai goge shafin ba kuma ya bar shi ya ci gaba da zama a karkashin rarrabuwar kawuna na ban dariya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/8/15/20806384/social-media-hate-speech-bias-black-african-american-facebook-twitter|title=The algorithms that detect hate speech online are biased against black people|first=Shirin|last=Ghaffary|date=15 August 2019|website=Vox}}</ref> Sai dai kuma, wani sakon da wata Ba’amurkiya ta yi na nuna rashin jin dadinta da kasancewarta mutum daya tilo a wani gidan cin abinci na karamin gari ya gamu da sakonnin wariyar launin fata da kyama. A lokacin da take kai rahoton cin zarafin ta ta yanar gizo ga Facebook, Facebook ya dakatar da asusunta na tsawon kwanaki uku saboda ta buga hotunan yayin da ba a dakatar da wadanda ke da alhakin maganganun wariyar launin fata ba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/technology/contents-removed-from-racist-facebook--page-20120808-23tr1.html|title=Contents removed from racist Facebook page|first=Asher Moses and Adrian|last=Lowe|date=8 August 2012|website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> Abubuwan da aka raba tsakanin mutane masu launi na iya zama cikin haɗarin yin shiru a ƙarƙashin manufofin cirewa don dandamali na kan layi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.revealnews.org/article/how-activists-of-color-lose-battles-against-facebooks-moderator-army/|title=How activists of color lose battles against Facebook's moderator army|date=17 August 2017}}</ref> ==== Rarraba nakasa ==== Rashin daidaito wajen samun damar amfani da fasahar bayanai yana kasancewa tsakanin mutanen da ke da nakasa idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba sa rayuwa tare da nakasa. A cewar The Pew Internet kashi 54% na gidajen da ke da nakasa suna samun intanet a gida idan aka kwatanta da kashi 81% na gidajen da ke da intanet a gida kuma ba su da mutumin da ke da nakasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gettecla.com/blogs/news/what-is-the-digital-divide-and-how-does-it-affect-people-with-disabilities|title=What is the Digital Divide and How Does it Affect People with Disabilities?|website=tecla}}</ref> Nau'in nakasa da mutum ke da shi na iya hana mutum yin mu'amala da allon kwamfuta da na'urorin wayar salula, kamar samun naƙasa quadriplegia ko samun nakasu a hannu. Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai rashin samun damar yin amfani da fasaha da hanyar intanet a gida a tsakanin waɗanda ke da nakasar fahimta da na ji kuma. Akwai fargabar ko karuwar amfani da fasahohin bayanai zai kara daidaito ta hanyar bayar da damammaki ga mutanen da ke da nakasa ko kuma hakan zai kara haifar da rashin daidaito a halin yanzu da kuma haifar da nakasassu a bar su a baya a cikin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite book|last=World Health Organization. World Bank.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/747621996|title=World report on disability|date=2011|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-4-156283-6|oclc=747621996}}</ref> Batutuwa kamar ra'ayi na nakasa a cikin al'umma, manufofin gwamnatin tarayya da na jihohi, manufofin kamfanoni, fasahohin kwamfuta na yau da kullum, da sadarwar kan layi na ainihi an samo su don taimakawa wajen tasiri na rarrabuwar dijital a kan mutane masu nakasa.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/gladnetcollect/340|title=The Disability Divide: A Study into the Impact of Computing and Internet-related Technologies on People who are Blind or Vision Impaired|first=Scott|last=Hollier|date=1 January 2007|journal=GLADNET Collection}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Krahn|first=Gloria L.|date=July 2011|title=WHO World Report on Disability: A review|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001|journal=Disability and Health Journal|volume=4|issue=3|pages=141–142|doi=10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001|pmid=21723520|issn=1936-6574}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da nakasa kuma su ne abin da ake zaginsu ta yanar gizo. Laifukan ƙiyayya na naƙasa akan layi sun karu da kashi 33 cikin ɗari a cikin shekarar da ta gabata a duk faɗin Burtaniya a cewar wani rahoto da Leonard Cheshire.org ya buga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leonardcheshire.org/about-us/press-and-media/press-releases/online-disability-hate-crimes-soar-33|title=Online disability hate crimes soar 33%|website=Leonard Cheshire}}</ref> An raba asusun cin zarafi ta yanar gizo ga mutanen da ke da nakasa yayin wani lamari a cikin 2019 lokacin da ɗan Katie Price ya ci zarafinsa ta hanyar yanar gizo wanda aka danganta shi da nakasa. Dangane da wannan cin zarafi, Katie Price ta kaddamar da wani kamfen don tabbatar da cewa 'yan majalisar dokokin Biritaniya sun rike waɗanda suke da laifin ci gaba da cin zarafin nakasassu ta yanar gizo. Cin zarafi akan nakasassu akan layi abu ne da zai iya hana mutane shiga yanar gizo wanda zai iya hana mutane koyon bayanan da zasu inganta rayuwarsu. Yawancin mutanen da ke da naƙasa suna fuskantar cin zarafi ta yanar gizo ta hanyar zarge-zarge na zamba da kuma "karya" nakasa su don samun kuɗi, wanda a wasu lokuta yakan haifar da binciken da ba dole ba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmpetitions/759/75905.htm#_idTextAnchor011|title=Online abuse and the experience of disabled people - Petitions Committee - House of Commons|website=publications.parliament.uk}}</ref> === Rarraba jinsi === 'Yancin mata na samun bayanai da samun bayanai a duniya bai kai na maza ba. Abubuwan da ke tattare da zamantakewa kamar jahilci da rashin ƙarfin dijital sun haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin kewaya kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don samun bayanai, yawanci rashin fahimtar al'amurran da suka shafi mata da jinsi kai tsaye, kamar lafiyar jima'i . Hakanan an sami misalan ƙarin tsauraran matakai, kamar hukumomin yankin na hana ko hana amfani da wayar hannu ga 'yan mata da matan da ba su yi aure ba a cikin al'ummominsu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genderingsurveillance.internetdemocracy.in/phone_ban/|title='Chupke, Chupke': Going Behind the Mobile Phone Bans in North India|publisher=genderingsurveillance.internetdemocracy.in|access-date=11 June 2018}}</ref> A cewar Wharton School of Public Policy, fadada fasahar Watsa Labarai da Sadarwa (ICT) ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna da yawa wadanda suka yi tasiri ga mata wajen samun damar yin amfani da fasahar sadarwa ta ICT inda tazarar jinsi ya kai kashi 31% a wasu kasashe masu tasowa da kuma 12. % a duniya a cikin 2016. Matsalolin zamantakewar zamantakewa waɗanda ke haifar da waɗannan bambance-bambance ana kiran su da abin da muke kira rarrabuwar dijital. A cikin kasashe masu karamin karfi da kuma yankuna masu karamin karfi, tsadar intanet na kawo cikas ga mata tunda gaba daya mata ba a biya su albashi mai tsoka kuma suna fuskantar rashin daidaito tsakanin ayyukan da ake biya da kuma na rashin biya. Ka’idojin al’adu a wasu kasashe na iya hana mata shiga yanar gizo da fasahar kere-kere tare da hana mata samun wani matakin ilimi ko kuma zama masu cin abinci a gidajensu, wanda hakan ke haifar da rashin kula da kudaden gida. Koyaya, ko da lokacin da mata suka sami damar yin amfani da ICT, rarrabuwar dijital har yanzu tana yaɗuwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://publicpolicy.wharton.upenn.edu/live/news/2525-the-gender-digital-divide%7D%7D|title=The Gender Digital Divide|publisher=Wharton Public Policy Initiative|access-date=2022-04-27|archive-date=2020-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215170908/https://publicpolicy.wharton.upenn.edu/live/news/2525-the-gender-digital-divide%257D%257D|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Rarrabuwar LGBTQIA, da danniya daga jihohi da kamfanonin fasaha === Yawancin jihohi, ciki har da wasu waɗanda suka gabatar da sababbin dokoki tun daga 2010, musamman tace muryoyin daga da abubuwan da suka shafi al'ummar LGBTQI, suna haifar da mummunan sakamako ga samun damar yin amfani da bayanai game da yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/02/statefree-expression-online-southeast-asia|title=Deeplinks Blog|access-date=11 June 2018|publisher=Electronic Frontier Foundation}}</ref> Kafofin watsa labaru na dijital suna taka rawa mai ƙarfi wajen iyakance isa ga wasu abun ciki, kamar shawarar YouTube na 2017 don rarraba bidiyon da ba na fayyace ba tare da jigogin LGBTQIA a matsayin 'ƙantatacce', rarrabuwa da aka tsara don tace "abun ciki mai yuwuwar rashin dacewa".<ref>{{cite news|last=Hunt|first= Elle|year= 2017|title=LGBT community anger over YouTube restrictions which make their videos invisible|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/mar/20/lgbt-communityanger-over-youtube-restrictions-whichmake-their-videos-invisible}}</ref> Yanar gizo tana ba da bayanan da za su iya samar da wuri mai aminci ga ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu kamar al'ummar LGBTQIA don haɗawa da wasu da shiga cikin tattaunawa da tattaunawa na gaskiya da ke shafar al'ummominsu. Hakanan ana iya kallonsa azaman wakili na canji ga al'ummar LGBTQIA da samar da hanyar shiga cikin adalcin zamantakewa. Yana iya ba wa mutanen LGBTQIA da za su iya zama a yankunan karkara ko a wuraren da suke keɓe don samun damar samun bayanan da ba a cikin tsarin karkararsu da kuma samun bayanai daga wasu mutanen LGBT. Wannan ya haɗa da bayanai kamar kiwon lafiya, abokan hulɗa, da labarai. GayHealth yana ba da bayanan likitanci da lafiya ta kan layi da Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwararru da Ƙungiyoyin Maɗigo ya ƙunshi wallafe-wallafen kan layi da labaran da ke mayar da hankali kan yakin 'yancin ɗan adam da al'amurran da suka shafi LGBTQIA. Yanar gizo kuma yana ba wa mutane LGBTQIA damar ɓoye suna. Rashin shiga intanet na iya kawo cikas ga wadannan abubuwa, saboda rashin hanyoyin sadarwa a yankunan karkara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adage.com/article/the-big-tent/digital-divide-segregation-alive-social-media/148596|title=Digital Divide: Segregation Is Alive and Well in Social Media|date=1 February 2011|website=adage.com}}</ref> LGBT Tech ya jaddada ƙaddamar da sabbin fasahohi tare da fasahar 5G don taimakawa rufe rarrabuwar dijital wanda zai iya sa membobin al'ummar LGBTQIA su rasa damar yin amfani da ingantaccen fasaha da sauri wanda zai iya ba da bayanai kan kiwon lafiya, damar tattalin arziki, da amintattun al'ummomi.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.districtdispatch.org/2014/06/filtered-access-uncensored-look-technology-lgbt-community/|title=Filtered-Down Access: an uncensored look at technology and the LGBT community|date=26 June 2014|access-date=27 April 2022|archive-date=13 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113164723/https://www.districtdispatch.org/2014/06/filtered-access-uncensored-look-technology-lgbt-community/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hakanan akwai wasu abubuwan da za su iya hana membobin LGBTQIA samun damar bayanai akan layi ko sanya su a ci zarafin bayanansu. Hakanan ana amfani da matatun Yanar gizo don tantancewa da taƙaita abubuwan LGBTQIA waɗanda ke da alaƙa da al'ummar LGBTQIA a makarantun gwamnati da ɗakunan karatu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lgbttech.org/single-post/2018/06/29/5G-Technologies-Crucial-to-Closing-the-Digital-Divide |title=Archived copy |access-date=3 January 2021 |archive-date=12 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112193939/https://www.lgbttech.org/single-post/2018/06/29/5G-Technologies-Crucial-to-Closing-the-Digital-Divide |url-status=dead }}</ref> Akwai kuma kasancewar cin zarafi ta kan layi ta hanyar mafarauta ta kan layi waɗanda ke kai hari ga membobin LGBTQIA ta hanyar neman bayanansu na sirri da ba su bayanan da ba daidai ba. Yin amfani da intanet zai iya ba da wata hanya ga mutanen LGBTQIA don samun damar samun bayanai don magance matsalolin al'umma ta hanyar shawarwarin warkewa, tsarin tallafi na zamantakewa, da kuma yanayin layi wanda ke haɓaka haɗin gwiwar ra'ayoyi, damuwa, da kuma taimakawa mutanen LGBTQIA su ci gaba. Ana iya haɓaka wannan ta hanyar ƙwararrun sabis na ɗan adam waɗanda za su iya amfani da intanet tare da shaida da kimantawa don ba da bayanai ga daidaikun LGBTQIA waɗanda ke fuskantar yanayin fitowar da yiwuwar sakamakon da ka iya biyo baya a sakamakon.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Quinn, Andrew|author2=Reeves, Bruce|title = Chapter 9: The Use of the Internet to Promote Social Justice with LGBT Individuals|year=2009|journal=Counterpoints|volume=358|pages=139–148|jstor = 42980369}}</ref> === Hujjar tsaro === Tare da juyin halitta na zamani na dijital, aikace-aikacen [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]] da haɗin kai ('yancin yin amfani da bayanai, samun damar yin amfani da bayanai) ya zama mafi rikici yayin da sababbin hanyoyin sadarwa da ƙuntatawa suka taso ciki har da sarrafa gwamnati ko hanyoyin kasuwanci da ke sanya bayanan sirri ga haɗari.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Human rights and encryption|first1=Wolfgang|last1=Schultz|last2=van Hoboken|first2=Joris|publisher=UNESCO|year=2016|isbn=978-92-3-100185-7|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002465/246527e.pdf}}</ref> == Samun damar dijital == 'Yancin bayanai (ko 'yancin bayanai) kuma yana nufin kariyar [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki]] dangane da [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]] da fasahar sadarwa . Ƴacin bayanai na iya damuwa da yin katsalandan a cikin mahallin fasahar bayanai, watau ikon shiga abun ciki na Yanar Gizo, ba tare da tantancewa ko [[Haƙƙoƙin Dijital|hani ba]] . === Bayani da ilimin watsa labarai === A cewar Kuzmin da Parshakova, samun damar bayanai ya ƙunshi koyo a cikin tsarin ilimi na yau da kullun da na yau da kullun. Hakanan ya haɗa da haɓaka ƙwarewar bayanai da ilimin kafofin watsa labaru waɗanda ke ba masu amfani damar ƙarfafawa da yin cikakken amfani da damar shiga Yanar gizo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ifapcom.ru/files/News/Images/2013/mil_eng_web.pdf#page=24|title=Kuzmin, E., and Parshakova, A. (2013), Media and Information Literacy for Knowledge Societies. Translated by Butkova, T., Kuptsov, Y., and Parshakova, A. Moscow: Interregional Library Cooperation Centre for UNESCO.}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002246/224655e.pdf UNESCO (2013a), UNESCO Communication and Information Sector with UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Global Media and Information Literacy Assessment Framework: Country Readiness and Competencies. Paris: UNESCO]</ref> Taimakon UNESCO ga ilimin aikin jarida misali ne na yadda UNESCO ke neman ba da gudummawa ga samar da ingantattun bayanai masu zaman kansu da za su iya shiga sararin samaniya . Haɓaka samun dama ga nakasassu taron da UNESCO ta kira a cikin 2014 ya ƙarfafa shi, wanda ya amince da "Sanarwar New Delhi akan Haɗa ICTs ga Masu Nakasa: Samar da Ƙarfafa zama Gaskiya" === Buɗe ma'auni === A cewar Ƙungiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya (ITU), ""Open Standards" ƙa'idodi ne da aka samar wa jama'a gabaɗaya kuma an haɓaka (ko an amince da su) kuma ana kiyaye su ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da yarjejeniya. "Open Standards" yana sauƙaƙe hulɗar aiki da musayar bayanai tsakanin samfura ko ayyuka daban-daban kuma an yi niyya don ɗauka da yawa." Binciken UNESCO ya yi la'akari da cewa ɗaukar buɗaɗɗen ƙa'idodi yana da yuwuwar bayar da gudummawa ga hangen nesa na 'haɗin kai na dijital' wanda 'yan ƙasa za su iya samowa, raba, da sake amfani da bayanai cikin ƴanci. Haɓaka software na buɗaɗɗen tushe, wanda ba shi da tsada kuma ana iya daidaita shi da yardar rai zai iya taimakawa wajen biyan buƙatun shawarwarin masu amfani da keɓaɓɓu a madadin ƙungiyoyin tsiraru, kamar isar da niyya, ingantaccen samar da hanyar Intanet, abubuwan ƙarfafa haraji ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ƙungiyoyi masu aiki inganta samun dama, da magance matsalolin rashin daidaiton zamantakewa da tattalin arziki <ref name=":0" /> === Ƙungiyar Labarai da ƴancin faɗar albarkacin baki === Babban Taron Duniya akan Ƙungiyar Watsa Labarai (WSIS) Bayanin Ƙa'idodin da aka karɓa a cikin 2003 ya sake tabbatar da [[Dimokaraɗiyya|dimokuraɗiyya]] da duniyoyin duniya, rashin rarrabawa da haɗin kai na duk [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|haƙƙin ɗan adam]] da ƴanci na asali. Sanarwar ta kuma yi nuni na musamman game da mahimmancin [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|ƴyancin fɗdin albarkacin baki]] ga " Ƙungiyar Watsa Labarai " a cikin cewa:<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Klang | first1 = Mathias| last2 = Murray| first2 = Andrew| title = Human Rights in the Digital Age | year = 2005| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=USksfqPjwhUC&q=%22digital+rights%22+human+rights| publisher = Routledge |page=1 | isbn = 9781904385318}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Klang | first1 = Mathias| last2 = Murray| first2 = Andrew| title = Human Rights in the Digital Age | year = 2005| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=USksfqPjwhUC&q=%22digital+rights%22+human+rights| publisher = Routledge |page=2 | isbn = 9781904385318}}</ref><blockquote>Mun sake tabbatarwa, a matsayin muhimmin tushe na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai, kuma kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Mataki na ashirin da 19 na [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Yarjejeniyar Ƴancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya]], cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|ƴancin yin ra'ayi da ra'ayi]] ; cewa wannan haƙƙin ya haɗa da 'yancin yin ra'ayi ba tare da tsangwama ba da neman, karɓa da ba da bayanai da ra'ayoyi ta kowace kafofin watsa labaru ba tare da la'akari da iyaka ba. Sadarwa wani muhimmin tsari ne na zamantakewa, buƙatun ɗan adam na asali da ginshiƙi na duk ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa. Yana da tsakiya ga Information Society. Kowa, a ko'ina ya kamata ya sami damar shiga kuma kada a ware kowa daga fa'idodin da Kamfanin Watsa Labarai ke bayarwa. </blockquote>Sanarwar ƙa'idojin WSIS ta 2004 ta kuma yarda cewa "ya zama dole a hana amfani da albarkatun bayanai da fasahohi don dalilai na laifi da ta'addanci, tare da mutunta 'yancin ɗan adam". Wolfgang Benedek yayi tsokaci cewa sanarwar ta WSIS ta ƙunshi nassoshi da dama ne kawai game da haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma baya fayyace wata hanya ko hanya don tabbatar da cewa ana la'akari da haƙƙin ɗan adam a aikace.<ref>{{cite book |title=Internet Governance and the Information Society |last=Benedek |first=Wolfgang |author2=Veronika Bauer |author3=Matthias Kettemann |year=2008 |publisher= Eleven International Publishing |isbn=978-90-77596-56-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ie7Yqiw85TcC&q=%22digital+rights%22+%22human+rights%22 |page=36 }}</ref> === Hacktivismo === Ƙungiyar [[Haƙƙoƙin Dijital|haƙƙin dijital]] Hacktivismo, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1999, yana jayayya cewa samun damar bayanai shine ainihin [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|haƙƙin ɗan adam]]. An kwatanta imanin ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya a cikin "Sanarwar Hacktivismo" wanda ke kira ga [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Yarjejeniya ta Duniya ta 'Yancin Dan Adam]] da Alkawari na Duniya akan Ƴancin Bil'adama da Siyasa (ICCPR) don amfani da [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]].<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=https://www.cultdeadcow.com/|title=cDc communications - CULT OF THE DEAD COW - Hacktivismo - Ninja Strike Force|website=www.cultdeadcow.com}}</ref> Sanarwar ta tuno da aikin da ƙasashe membobin ke da su ga ICCPR don kare [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]] game da yanar gizo da kuma a cikin wannan yanayin ƴancin yin bayani. Sanarwar Hacktivismo ta amince da "muhimmancin yaƙi da cin zarafin bil'adama game da samun damar samun bayanai a kan Intanet" tare da yin kira ga jama'ar masu fashin baki da su "nazarci hanyoyi da hanyoyin da za a bi wajen dakile ayyukan tace bayanan intanet" da "aiwatar da fasahohin don kalubalantar take hakkin bayanai." Sanarwar Hacktivismo ta yi, duk da haka, ta gane cewa [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]] yana ƙarƙashin iyakancewa, yana mai cewa "mun amince da haƙƙin gwamnatoci don hana buga bayanan sirrin ƙasa yadda ya kamata, batsa na yara, da batutuwan da suka shafi sirrin sirri da gata, a tsakanin sauran hani da aka yarda da su”. Duk da haka, sanarwar Hacktivist ta ce "amma muna adawa da amfani da ikon gwamnati don sarrafa damar yin amfani da ayyukan masu sukar, ƙwararrun ƙwararru, masu fasaha, ko masu addini." <ref name="autogenerated1" /> === Ƙaddamarwar hanyar sadarwa ta Duniya === A ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 2008 an kafa Ƙungiyar Sadarwar Sadarwar Duniya (GNI) akan "Ka'idodin Ƴancin Magana da Keɓantawa". An ƙaddamar da ƙaddamar da shirin ne a cikin shekaru 60 na Cikar Ƙirar [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Ƴancin Ɗan Adam ta Duniya]] (UDHR) kuma ta dogara ne akan dokoki da ƙa'idodi na duniya da aka amince da su akan ' [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|yancin]] [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|faɗar albarkacin baki]] da keɓantawa da aka tsara a cikin UDHR, Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Jama'a da Siyasa Hakkoki (ICCPR) da Yarjejeniya ta Duniya kan Haƙƙin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu (ICESCR). Mahalarta cikin Ƙaddamarwa sun haɗa da Gidauniyar Wutar Lantarki, [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], [[Google]], [[Microsoft]], [[Yahoo!|Yahoo]], wasu manyan kamfanoni, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na kare hakkin bil'adama, masu zuba jari, da malaman ilimi. <ref>[https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2008/10/29/global20097.htm Internet Rights Protection Initiative Launches] </ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.globalnetworkinitiative.org/participants/index.php |title=Global Network Initiative, Participants |access-date=2022-04-27 |archive-date=2013-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620033251/http://www.globalnetworkinitiative.org/participants/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cewar rahotanni an gayyaci Cisco Systems zuwa tattaunawar farko amma ba ta shiga cikin shirin ba. Harrington Investments, wanda ya ba da shawarar cewa Cisco ya kafa hukumar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam, ta yi watsi da GNI a matsayin ƙa'idar aikin son rai ba ta da wani tasiri. Babban jami'in gudanarwa John Harrington ya kira GNI "hayaniyar da ba ta da ma'ana" a maimakon haka ya yi kira da a bullo da dokokin da ke tilasta wa shuwagabannin zartarwa su amince da haƙƙin ɗan Adam. === Binciken Yanar gizo === Jo Glanville, editan Index on Censorship, ya baiyana cewa "yanar gizo A cewar the Reporters without Borders (RSF) "jerin maƙiyan intanet" jihohi masu zuwa suna shiga aikin tantancewar intanet: [[Cuba]], [[Iran]], [[Maldives]], [[Myanmar]] / [[Myanmar|Burma]], [[Koriya ta Arewa]], [[Siriya]], [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]], [[Uzbekistan]] da [[Vietnam]] . Misalin da aka fi sani da jama'a shine abin da ake kira " Babban Firewall na kasar Sin " (dangane da rawar da take takawa a matsayin bangon hanyar sadarwa da tsohuwar babbar ganuwa ta kasar Sin ). Tsarin yana toshe abun ciki ta hanyar hana adiresoshin IP surkushe su kuma ya ƙunshi daidaitattun bangon wuta da sabar wakili a ƙofofin [[Yanar gizo|Intanet]] . Hakanan tsarin yana zaɓin shiga cikin guba na DNS lokacin da ake buƙatar takamaiman rukunin yanar gizo. Gwamnati ba ta ga alama tana bincikar abubuwan da ke cikin Intanet cikin tsari, saboda wannan yana da alama ba shi da amfani. Ana gudanar da aikin tantance Intanet a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin a karkashin dokoki da ka'idojin gudanarwa iri-iri. Bisa ga waɗannan dokoki, fiye da dokokin Intanet sama da sittin ne gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin (PRC) ta tsara, kuma ana aiwatar da tsarin tantancewa da ƙarfi daga rassan larduna na ISPs mallakar gwamnati, kamfanonin kasuwanci, da ƙungiyoyi. A cikin 2010, Sakatariyar Harkokin [[Hillary Clinton|Wajen Amurka Hillary Clinton]], da ke magana a madadin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], ta bayyana "muna tsayawa kan intanet guda daya inda dukkanin bil<nowiki>'adama ke da damar samun ilimi da ra'ayoyi daidai." A cikin ''Remarks on Internet Freedom' ta kuma ja hankali kan yadda ''ko a ƙasashe masu mulki, hanyoyin sadarwa na taimaka wa mutane gano sabbin abubuwa da kuma sa gwamnatoci su zama masu kishin kasa'</nowiki>, yayin da ta ba da rahoton furucin Shugaba [[Barack Obama]] na ƙarin yadda bayanai ke gudana cikin ƴanci. al'ummomin da suka fi ƙarfi sun zama'. == Kariyar sirri == === Keɓantawa, sa ido da ɓoyewa === Ƙara samun dama da dogaro ga kafofin watsa labaru na dijital don karɓa da samar da bayanai sun ƙara dama ga Jihohi da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don bin ɗabi'un mutane, ra'ayoyinsu da hanyoyin sadarwa. Jihohi sun ƙara ɗaukar dokoki da manufofi don halatta sa ido kan sadarwa, tare da tabbatar da waɗannan ayyuka tare da buƙatar kare kansu da muradun ƙasa. A wasu sassan Turai, sabbin dokokin yaki da ta'addanci sun ba da damar sanya ido sosai ga gwamnati da kuma ƙaruwar ƙarfin hukumomin leken asiri na samun bayanan ƴan ƙasar. Yayin da doka ta kasance wani sharadi na halalcin iyakance haƙƙin ɗan adam, batun kuma shine ko wata doka da aka bayar ta dace da wasu sharuɗɗa don tabbatarwa kamar larura, daidaito da manufa ta halal. ==== Tsarin ƙasa da ƙasa ==== Hukumar Kare Haƙƙoƙin Ɗan Adam ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ɗauki matakai da dama don nuna mahimmancin haƙƙin sirri na duniya ta yanar gizo. A cikin 2015, a cikin ƙuduri kan haƙƙin keɓantawa a cikin shekarun dijital, ta kafa Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Musamman kan Haƙƙin Keɓantawa. <ref>[http://www.un.org/en/ga/71/meetings/ UN Human Rights Council. 2016. The promotion, protection and enjoyment of human rights on the Internet. A/HRC/32/13. Retrieved 23 June 2017]</ref> A cikin 2017, Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta jaddada cewa 'sa ido ba bisa ka'ida ba ko kuma ba da izini ba da kuma / ko kutsawa cikin hanyoyin sadarwa, da kuma tattara bayanan sirri ba bisa ƙa'ida ko ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, a matsayin manyan kutse, keta haƙƙin sirri, na iya tsoma baki tare da sauran ɗan adam. hakkoki, gami da ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki da kuma riƙe ra'ayi ba tare da tsangwama ba'. <ref>[http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/HRC/34/L.7/Rev.1 UN Human Rights Council. 2017. The right to privacy in the digital age. A/HRC/34/L.7/ Rev.1. ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/HRC/34/L.7/Rev.1. Retrieved 24 May 2017]</ref> ==== Tsarin yanki ==== Yawan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na yanki, musamman ta hanyar kotuna, don kafa ƙa'idoji waɗanda suka shafi kariyar bayanai, keɓantawa da sa ido, waɗanda ke shafar dangantakarsu da amfani da aikin jarida. Majalisar Turai ta Yarjejeniya ta 108, Yarjejeniyar Kare Mutane game da sarrafa bayanan sirri ta atomatik, ta yi wani tsari na zamani don magance sabbin ƙalubalen sirri. Tun daga shekara ta 2012, sabbin kasashe hudu na majalisar Turai sun rattaba hannu ko kuma amince da yarjejeniyar, da kuma kasashe uku da ba na cikin majalisar, daga Afirka da Latin Amurka. <ref>[http://www.coe.int/web/conventions/full-list Council of Europe. 2017. Chart of signatures and ratifications of Treaty 108. Council of Europe Treaty Office. Retrieved 7 June 2017.]</ref> Kotunan yanki kuma suna taka rawar gani wajen haɓaka ƙa'idojin sirrin kan layi. A cikin 2015 Kotun Shari'a ta Turai ta gano cewa abin da ake kira 'Yarjejeniyar Tsaro ta Harbor', wanda ya ba kamfanoni masu zaman kansu damar <nowiki>''</nowiki> isar da bayanan sirri daga masu biyan kuɗin Turai zuwa Amurka bisa doka, ba ta da inganci a ƙarƙashin dokar Turai a cikin hakan. bai ba da isassun kariya ga bayanan ƴan ƙasa na Turai ba ko kuma ya kare su daga sa ido na sabani. A cikin 2016, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai da Gwamnatin Amurka sun cimma yarjejeniya don maye gurbin Safe Harbour, Garkuwar Sirri na EU-US, wanda ya haɗa da wajibcin kariyar bayanai akan kamfanonin da ke karɓar bayanan sirri daga Tarayyar Turai, kariya ga gwamnatin Amurka samun damar shiga bayanai, kariya. da gyara ga daidaikun mutane, da kuma nazarin haɗin gwiwa na shekara-shekara don sa ido kan aiwatarwa. <ref name="auto" /> Hukuncin Kotun Turai ta 2014 a cikin shari'ar Google Spain ya ba wa mutane damar da'awar " haƙƙin mantawa " ko "haƙƙin da za a cire su" a cikin mahawara mai yawa don daidaitawa tsakanin sirri, ƴancin faɗar gaskiya da gaskiya. . <ref>Cannataci, Joseph A., Bo Zhao, Gemma Torres Vives, Shara Monteleone, Jeanne Mifsud Bonnici, and Evgeni Moyakine. 2016. "Privacy, free expression and transparency: Redefining their new boundaries in the digital age". Paris: UNESCO.</ref> Bayan shawarar Google Spain an amince da "haƙƙin mantawa" ko "haƙƙin cire sunayen" a cikin ƙasashe da yawa a duniya, musamman a Latin Amurka da Caribbean. <ref>Keller, Daphne. 2017. "Europe's 'Right to Be Forgotten' in Latin America". In ''Towards an Internet Free of Censorship II: Perspectives in Latin America''. Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Información (CELE), Universidad de Palermo.</ref> Recital 153 na [[Tarayyar Turai|EU]] General Data Protection Regulation ya ce "Dokar ƙasashe membobi yakamata su daidaita ka'idojin ƴancin faɗar albarkacin baki da bayanai, gami da aikin jarida ... tare da haƙƙin kare bayanan sirri bisa ga wannan Dokar. Gudanar da bayanan sirri kawai don dalilai na aikin jarida…ya kamata ya kasance cikin ɓata lokaci ko keɓancewa daga wasu tanade-tanaden wannan Dokar idan ya cancanta don daidaita haƙƙin kare bayanan sirri tare da ƴancin faɗar albarkacin baki da bayanai, kamar yadda yake a cikin Mataki na 11 na Yarjejeniya." <ref>Schulz, Wolfgang, and Joris van Hoboken. 2016a. [http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002465/246527e.pdf Human rights and encryption]. UNESCO Series on Internet Freedom. Paris, France: UNESCO Pub.; Sense. Retrieved 24 May 2017.</ref> ==== Tsarin ƙasa ==== Yawan ƙasashen duniya da ke da dokokin kariyar bayanai kuma ya ci gaba da karuwa. Bisa ga rahoton Trends na Duniya na 2017/2018, tsakanin 2012 da 2016, kasashe mambobin UNESCO 20 sun amince da dokokin kare bayanai a karon farko, wanda ya kawo jimlar duniya zuwa 101. <ref>Greenleaf, Graham. 2017. Global Tables of Data Privacy Laws and Bills (5th ed.). Privacy Laws & Business International Report.</ref> A cikin wadannan sabbin riko, tara sun kasance a Afirka, hudu a Asiya da Pacific, uku a Latin Amurka da Caribbean, biyu a yankin Larabawa daya kuma a Yammacin Turai da Arewacin Amurka. A cikin wannan lokaci, ƙasashe 23 sun yi wa dokokin kare bayanansu kwaskwarima, wanda ke nuna sabbin ƙalubalen da ake fuskanta wajen kare bayanan a zamanin dijital. A cewar Global Partners Digital, Jihohi huɗu ne kawai suka sami cikakken haƙƙin ɓoyewa a cikin dokokin ƙasa, kuma 31 sun ƙaddamar da dokar ƙasa wacce ta bai wa hukumomin tilasta doka ikon kutse ko ɓoye bayanan sirri . ==== Tasirin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ==== Tun daga 2010, don haɓaka kariyar bayanai da sadarwar masu amfani da su da haɓaka amana ga ayyukansu'. <ref>[http://www.unesco.org/ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?catno=246527 Schulz, Wolfgang, and Joris van Hoboken. 2016b. Human rights and encryption. UNESCO series on internet freedom. France.]</ref> Manyan misalan wannan shine yadda [[WhatsApp]] ya aiwatar da cikakken ɓoye bayanan ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe a cikin sabis ɗin saƙon sa, <ref>[https://blog.whatsapp.com/10000618/end-to-endencryption WhatsApp. 2016. end-to-end encryption. WhatsApp.com. Retrieved 25 May 2017.]</ref> da [[Apple|fafatawar Apple]] na sammacin tilasta doka don buɗe iPhone ɗin da masu kai harin ta'addanci suka yi amfani da su. . <ref>Lichtblau, Eric, and Katie Benner. 2016. [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/18/technology/appletimothy-cook-fbi-san-bernardino.html Apple Fights Order to Unlock San Bernardino Gunman's iPhone]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 25 May 2017.]</ref> === Kare tushen sirri da busa busa === Canje-canje cikin sauri a cikin yanayin dijital, haɗe tare da aikin ɗan jarida na zamani wanda ke ƙara dogaro da fasahar sadarwar dijital, yana haifar da sabbin haɗari don kare tushen aikin jarida. Manyan barazana na wannan zamani sun haɗa da fasahohin sa ido na jama'a, manufofin riƙe bayanan dole, da bayyana ayyukan dijital na sirri ta masu shiga tsakani na ɓangare na uku. Ba tare da cikakkiyar fahimtar yadda za a kare hanyoyin sadarwar su na dijital ba, ƴan jarida da majiyoyi na iya bayyana bayanan da ba da gangan ba. <ref name=":2">Open Society Justice Initiative. 2013. The Global Principles on National Security and the Right to Information (Tshwane Principles). New York: Open Society Foundations.</ref> Yin aiki da dokokin tsaron ƙasa, kamar dokokin yaƙi da ta'addanci, don ƙetare kariyar doka da ake da su don kariyar tushe shima ya zama al'ada ta gama gari. <ref name=":2" /> A yankuna da yawa, dokokin sirri na dindindin ko sabbin dokokin tsaro ta yanar gizo suna yin barazana ga kariya daga tushe, kamar lokacin da suke bai wa gwamnatoci haƙƙin kutse hanyoyin sadarwar yanar gizo don amfanin fa'idodin ma'anar tsaron ƙasa. <ref>[http://www.unesco.org/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/protecting_journalism_sources_in_digital_age.pdf Posetti, Julie. 2017a. Protecting Journalism Sources in the Digital Age. UNESCO Series on Internet Freedom. Paris, France: UNESCO Publishing. Retrieved 24 May 2017.]</ref> An sami ci gaba a game da dokokin kariya daga tushe tsakanin 2007 zuwa tsakiyar 2015 a cikin 84 (kashi 69 cikin 100) na kasashe 121 da aka bincika. <ref name=":3">[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0025/002593/259399e.pdf Posetti, Julie. 2017b. Fighting back against prolific online harassment: Maria Ressa. Article in Kilman, L. 2017. An Attack on One is an Attack on All: Successful Initiatives To Protect Journalists and Combat Impunity. International Programme for the Development of Communication, Paris, France: UNESCO Publishing.]</ref> Yankin Larabawa ya sami cigaba mafi shahara, inda kashi 86 cikin 100 na Jihohi suka nuna sauyi, sai Latin Amurka da Caribbean (kashi 85), Asiya da Pacific (kashi 75), Yammacin Turai da Arewacin Amurka (66 bisa dari). cent) kuma a ƙarshe Afirka, inda kashi 56 cikin 100 na Jihohin da aka bincika sun sake duba dokokin kare tushen su. <ref name=":3" /> Ya zuwa shekarar 2015, aƙalla ƙasashe 60 sun karɓi wani nau'i na kariyar bayanan sirri. A matakin ƙasa da ƙasa, Yarjejeniyar Yaƙi da Cin Hanci da Rashawa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta fara aiki a shekara ta 2005. <ref>[https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/Publications/ Convention/08-50026_E.pdf UN Office on Drugs and Crime. 2005. UN Convention against Corruption, A/58/422. Retrieved 25 May 2017.]</ref> A watan Yulin 2017, yawancin ƙasashe na duniya, 179 gaba ɗaya, sun amince da Yarjejeniyar, wanda ya haɗa da tanade-tanade don kare bayanan sirri . [[File:Member_States_that_are_Party_to_the_UN_Convention_against_Corruption.svg|thumb|Since 2012, the addition of 23 UNESCO Member States that have ratified, accepted or acceded to the convention.]] An kuma amince da yarjejeniyoyin yanki na yaƙi da cin hanci da rashawa wanda ke kunshe da kariya ga masu busa bayanan sirri. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Yarjejeniyar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa tsakanin Amurka da Amurka, wadda kasashe membobi 33 suka amince da ita, <ref>[http://www.oas.org/en/sla/dil/inter_american_treaties_B-58_against_ Corruption_signatories.asp Organization of American States. n.d. InterAmerican Convention Against Corruption: Signatories and Ratifications.]</ref> da kuma Yarjejeniyar Hana da Yaƙi da Cin Hanci da Rashawa, wadda ƙasashe mambobin UNESCO 36 suka amince da ita. A cikin 2009, Majalisar Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Tattalin Arziƙi da Ci Gaba (OECD) ta amince da Shawarar don Ci gaba da Yaƙi da Cin Hanci da Rashawa na Jami'an Jama'a na Ƙasashen waje a cikin Ma'amaloli na Kasuwanci na Duniya. <ref>[http://www.oecd.org/corporate/committing-to-effective-whistleblowerprotection-9789264252639-en.htm OECD. 2016. Committing to Effective Whistleblower Protection. Paris. Retrieved 25 June 2017]</ref> == Jam'in watsa labarai == A cewar rahoton Trends na Duniya, samun damar yin amfani da kafofin watsa labaru iri-iri ya ƙaru tsakanin 2012 da 2016. Intanit ya yi rajista mafi girma a cikin masu amfani da ke tallafawa ta hanyar zuba jari mai yawa a cikin abubuwan more rayuwa da kuma gagarumin ci gaba a amfani da wayar hannu. === Yanar gizo da wayar hannu === Ajenda na 2030 na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya don Ci gaba mai dorewa, aikin Hukumar Broadband don Ci gaba mai dorewa, wanda UNESCO ke jagoranta, da ayyukan tsaka-tsaki na Majalisar Gudanar da Intanet kan 'Haɗa Biliyan Na gaba' tabbaci ne na alƙawuran duniya na samar da Intanet. samun dama ga kowa. A cewar ƙungiyar sadarwa ta ƙasa da ƙasa (ITU), a karshen shekarar 2017, an kiyasta kashi 48 cikin 100 na mutane a kai a kai suna yin amfani da intanet, daga kashi 34 cikin 100 a shekarar 2012. Duk da gagarumin ci gaban da aka samu a cikakken lambobi, duk da haka, a cikin wannan lokacin haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar masu amfani da intanet ya ragu, tare da haɓakar kashi biyar cikin 100 na shekara a cikin 2017, ya ragu daga haɓakar haɓakar kashi 10 cikin 100 a cikin 2012. == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326235657/http://commons.globalintegrity.org/2009/03/freedom-of-information-comparative.html 'Yancin Bayani: Nazarin Kwatancen], nazarin ƙasa na 57 ta Global Integrity. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090129120838/http://commons.globalintegrity.org/2008/02/internet-censorship-comparative-study.html Tace Intanet: Nazarin Kwatancen], nazarin ƙasa 55 ta Global Integrity. * [http://www.right2info.org Right2Info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031060912/http://www.right2info.org/ |date=2020-10-31 }} Archived , Kyakkyawan doka da aiki daga ko'ina cikin duniya, gami da FOI da sauran dokoki masu dacewa da tanadin tsarin mulki daga wasu ƙasashe 100. * Mike Godwin, Haƙƙin Cyber: Kare Magana Kyauta a Zamanin Dijital * Koyi game da sabbin shari'o'i daga Kwamishinan Watsa Labarai da Kotuna ta hanyar Sabuntawar Bayanai na Kwasfan fayiloli da gidajen yanar sadarwa, http://www.informationlaw.org.uk {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527230520/https://www.informationlaw.org.uk/ |date=2022-05-27 }} * [http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=5979 Amazon ya kawar da WikiLeaks - Shin Intanet Kyauta ta mutu?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628081223/http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=5979 |date=2017-06-28 }} Archived Paul Jay na Labaran Gaskiya (TRNN) ya tattauna batun tare da Marc Rotenberg, Tim Bray da [http://www.thoughtworks.com/rebecca-parsons Rebecca Parsons of ThoughtWorks] - Disamba 8, 2010 (bidiyo: 43: 41) [[Category:Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam]] [[Category:Haƙƙoƙi]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ocxfsu5ivsr4qt1mxnt2tss4tgavfj3 0 31733 548300 259148 2024-11-29T11:26:50Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 548300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Wambai Giwa.ogg|thumb]] '''Abdullahi Giwa''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Wambai Giwa''', ɗan asalin jihar [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]] ne wanda ya riƙe muƙamin "Wambai" a zamanin Muhammad Nazaki. Mutum ne mai tarin dukiya da tasiri, a tarihin [[Tarihin Kano|Kano]] na tunawa da shi wajen lura da yadda za'a faɗaɗa [[Ganuwa a Birnin Kano|katangar Kano]] da kuma yadda ya jagoranci cin zarafi da Kano ta yi wa [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]] ta hanyar [[Karaye]]. == Rayuwa == Duk da yake babu labarin tarihinsa a [[Tarihin Kano|littafin tarihin Kano]], Wambai yana zama babban majalisa ga Sarkin Kano kuma a mafi yawan lokuta an keɓe shi ga ƴan gidan sarauta. Giwa ita ce kalmar Hausa ta “Giwa”, sannan kuma ana amfani da ita a matsayin abin koyi ga masu nuna ƙarfin hali. An san Wambai Giwa saboda dukiyarsa da taimakonsa. A ƙoƙarina na taya Sarkin Kano murna, an ɗora masa alhakin faɗaɗa katangar Kano. Wambai ya ɗauki ginin bango daga ƙofan Dogo zuwa Ƙofan Gadonḳaia, da ƙofan Dakawuyia zuwa ƙofan Kabuga, da Kofan Kansakali. Wannan sana'ar ta kashe masa abinci calabash dubu da shanu hamsin a kullum. Bayan kammala ta, sai ya yanka shanu ɗari uku, ya yi wa ma’aikatan leburori dubu ɗaya, tare da kyaututtuka masu yawa ga malaman Musulunci. Lokacin da Sarkin [[Musulmi]] ya dawo daga yaƙi, Wambai ya ba shi dawakai ɗari. Domin jin daɗin ayyukan Wambai da karamcin da Muhammad Nazaki ya yi, ya ba shi jagorancin Karaye, yanki mai dabarun yaƙin Kano da Katsina. A matsayinsa na Sarkin Karaye, ya jagoranci balaguro da dama da suka yi nasara a Katsina kuma ya kwashi ganima. Tasiri da mutuncin Wambai Giwa ya haifar da fargabar cewa zai yi tawaye, aka kuma juya masa baya a lokacin da [[El Kutumbi]] ya hau mulki. === Waƙar Jama'a === : “ ''Giwa Ubangijin gari,'' : ''Abdullahi makiya bijimin dawa,'' : ''wanda sarkokin kame mata'' : ''fartanya ne da gatari.'' ” : : " ''Giwa wanda ke rage maƙwabtansa bauta."'' == Manazarta == # [[1 2 Palmer, H. R. (1908). "The Kano Chronicle". The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 38: 58–98. doi:10.2307/2843130. ISSN 0307-3114.]] # https://www.rumbunilimi.com.ng/kanoMuhammaduNazaki.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205003052/https://rumbunilimi.com.ng/kanoMuhammaduNazaki.html |date=2022-12-05 }} # # [[Category:Hausawa]] jtllqd6er4ofwfuz8549ubw63jegwkp 0 32228 547528 488634 2024-11-28T12:28:26Z 105.117.1.76 547528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:With students at FCE Katsina.jpg|thumb|hoton daliban colejin ilimi ta katsina]] [[Fayil:Federal College of Education, Katsina State 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Federal College of Education, Katsina State 04.jpg|thumb|college]] [[Fayil:Federal College of Education, Katsina State 01.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:College library of Federal College of Education Technical Gombe.jpg|thumb|federal college]] [[Fayil:Federal College of Education, Katsina State 02.jpg|thumb|federal college of education]] [[Fayil:Federal College of Education, Katsina State 02.jpg|thumb|college]] '''Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya da ke Katsina''' cibiyar ilimi ce ta gwamnatin tarayya da ke [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], [[Najeriya]]. Tana da alaƙa da [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero Kano]] don karatun digiri. Shugaban makarantar na yanzu shine [[Aliyu Idris Funtua]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-10|title=Just In: President Buhari reappoints Dr. Aliyu Idris Funtua as Provost FCE Katsina|url=http://katsinapost.com.ng/2020/07/10/president-buhari-reappoints-dr-aliyu-idris-funtua-as-provost-fce-katsina/|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Katsina Post|language=en-GB|archive-date=2021-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813214921/http://katsinapost.com.ng/2020/07/10/president-buhari-reappoints-dr-aliyu-idris-funtua-as-provost-fce-katsina/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya (Technical) Katsina a shekarar 1976.<ref>{{Cite web|title=HISTORY – FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION KATSINA|url=https://fcekt.edu.ng/history/|access-date=2021-08-13|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Laburare== Laburaren Kwaleji, ɗakin karatu ne wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1975 a matsayin babban ɗakin karatu na kwalejin. Laburare na da litattafai sama da dubu 50,000, gami da wurin zama da zai iya ɗaukar mutane 500 alokaci guda, tare da kayan lantarki - ɗakin karatun na da kwamfutoci sama da 100 gami da sabis na shiga yanar gizo ko intanet.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Federal College of Education, Katsina |url=https://fcekatsina.edu.ng/cms/about-library |access-date=2022-12-05 |website=fcekatsina.edu.ng}}</ref> Akwai isassun kayan aiki a dakin karatun don samun sauƙin bayanai game da dalibai, kuma suka dace da darussan da ake koyawa a kwalejin. Babban ɗakin karatu ne ke kula da sauran ɗakunan karatu na sashe a cikin makarantar.<ref name=":0" /> == Darussa == Cibiyar tana ba da darussa kamar haka;<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-06|title=List of Courses Offered at Federal College Of Education Katsina (FCEKATSINA)|url=https://nigerianscholars.com/school-news/fcekatsina-courses/|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Nigerian Scholars|language=en-US}}</ref> * Ilimin Kimiyyar Noma * Ilimi da Lissafi * Fine And Applied Arts * Ilimin Kimiyya * Ilimin Gina Fasaha * Ilimi da Ingilishi * Ilimin Kwamfuta * Ilimi da Hausa * Ilimi da Larabci * Ilimin Fasaha * Ilimin Halitta * Ilimi da Ilimin zamantakewa * Tattalin Arzikin Gida da Ilimi * Hadaddiyar Kimiyya * Ilimin Kasuwanci * Karatun Ilimin Firamare == Alaƙa da Tsari== Cibiyar tana da alaƙa da [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero Kano]] don bayar da shirye-shiryen da za su kai ga samun digiri na farko (B.Ed.) a; * Ilimi da Physics * Ilimi da Chemistry * Ilimi da Ingilishi * Ilimin Jiki da Lafiya * Ilimi da Ilimin Addinin Musulunci * Ilimi da Larabci * Ilimi da Biology * Ilimi da Lissafi * Ilimi da Hausa Makarantar baya ga shaidar kwalin NCE da take badawa kuma ana degree (undergraduted) a makarantar. Kuma cibiyar tana dora ɗalibai zuwa wuraren aiki don samun ƙwarewar aiki ta hanyar shirin SIWES. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin hadin waje== * https://www.fcekatsina.edu.ng [[Category:Kwalejin ilimi ta tarayya dake Katsina]] [[Category:Ilimin Koyarwa.]] [[Category:Jami'o'i da Kwalejoji a Najeriya]] f7des6f4srfgl5df84n0ig953gwadct 0 32268 547667 519485 2024-11-28T18:55:50Z A Salisu 14655 547667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Aisha Musa Ahmad''' (Larabci: عائشة موسى أحمد, romanized: ʾ''Ayša Mūsā Aḥmad'', b. 1905 – 24 ga Fabrairun shekarar 1974), wadda aka fi sani da '''Aisha al-Falatiya''' (wanda aka fassara da '''Aisha El Falatia''' (Larabci: عفلاتيشة) . Aikinta na farko ya samu cikas saboda kyamar masu yin wasan kwaikwayo, amma a shekarar 1942 ta zama mace ta farko da ta fara rera waƙa a gidan rediyon [[Sudan]], Aisha ta ci gaba da yin waƙa a shekarun 1960, kuma ta yi wakoki sama da 150 gaba ɗaya, inda ta samu karɓuwa a ƙasashen [[Sudan]] da [[Misra|Masar]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Abbas|first=Reem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-jW2DwAAQBAJ&dq=Mohamed+Ahmed+Sarour,&pg=PA6|title=The Artist Aisha Fallatiya: A Pioneer of Modernity in Sudan. SIHA Journal: Women in Islam (Issue Two)|date=2019-10-07|publisher=Strategic Initiative for Women in the Horn of Africa|isbn=978-9970-9290-0-9|pages=6–9|language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Aisha a garin Kassala na yau, kusa da kan iyaka da ƙasar [[Eritrea|Eritriya]] a yau. Iyayenta biyu dai sun kasance bakin haure ne zuwa ƙasar Sudan daga birnin [[Sokoto]] na [[Najeriya]], waɗanda tun farko suka bi ta yankin a matsayin alhazai sannan daga bisani suka yanke shawarar zama a can. Mahaifiyarta, Hujra, ‘yar ƙasar [[Hausa]] ce, yayin da mahaifinta, Musa Ahmad Yahiyya, faqihu ne (masanin addini) dan asalin [[Fulani]]. A’isha ƴa-ƴanta bakwai ta yi karatu a ''khalwa'' (makarantar addini) ta mahaifinta da ke Omdurman, inda tayi haddar [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alqur’ani]] mai girma. Daga baya fasaharta ta wƙka an danganta ta da darasin karatun ta.<ref name="dab">{{cite book|last1=Akyeampong|first1=Emmanuel Kwaku|last2=Gates|first2=Henry Louis|date=2012|title=Dictionary of African Biography, Volume 6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=122|isbn=978-0195382075}}</ref> == Sana'ar waƙa da kuma rayuwa daga baya == [[Fayil:Aisha al Falatiya.jpg|thumb|Aisha Musa Ahmad]] Aisha ta fara rera waƙa tana da shekaru goma sha huɗu, ba da daɗewa ba ta samu daraja da shahara a matsayin mawaƙiyar aure. Mahaifinta bai yarda da ayyukanta ba, domin a lokacin ana wulaƙanta mawaƙa mata sosai a cikin al'ummar Sudan. Ya yi ƙoƙarin ya hanata sana’ar waƙa ta hanyar yi mata aure, amma daga baya ta rabu da mijinta kuma ta ci gaba da aikin waƙa. Aikin Aisha ya ci gaba ne a ƙarshen shekarun 1930, lokacin da waƙiliyar wani kamfani mai rikodin tarihi na ƙasar Masar ya gano ta. Ta yi wa kamfanin waƙoƙi da yawa a [[Alkahira]], kuma waƙarta daga baya ta zama sananne a gidajen kofin watsa labarai na Sudan.<ref name="dab" /> An yi faifan nata da sunan “A’isha al-Falatiya”, wanda ke nuni da zuriyarta ta Fulani. A lokacin yaƙin duniya na biyu, Aisha ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da nishaɗi ga sojoji, inda ta yi wa sojojin Sudan waƙa a yaƙin Gabashin [[Afirka]] da Arewacin Afirka. A shekarar 1942, ta zama mace ta farko da ta yi waƙa a gidan rediyon [[Sudan]], inda ta rera zaɓaɓɓun waƙoƙin ta na gidan rediyon Omdurman (wanda Birtaniya ta kafa a shekarar da ta gabata).<ref name="dab" /><ref>{{cite thesis|last=Malik|first=Saadia I.|date=2003|title=Exploring ''Aghani al-Banat'': a postcolonial ethnographic approach to Sudanese women's songs, culture, and performance|type=Ph.D.|publisher=University of Ohio|url=https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/ohiou1053018989/inline|page=54|access-date=4 November 2016|archive-date=4 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104075215/https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/ohiou1053018989/inline|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta yi wasa tare da ƴar uwarta, Jidawwiya, wadda ta yi wasan oud kuma tana da nata makada. Wasan da ’yan uwa mata suka yi ya samu karɓuwa daga wajen masu sauraron gidan rediyon, amma masu sharhi na masu ra’ayin rikau sun yi Allah wadai da shi, kuma daga bisani wasu mawaka maza suka kauracewa gidan rediyon don nuna adawarsu.<ref name="dab" /> A wani lokaci, ƙiyayyar da ta fuskanta (sabili da jinsinta da ƙabilarta) ya sa ta yi tunanin ƙaura zuwa Najeriya.<ref>Malik, p. 55.</ref> Ta cigaba da samun farin jini, Aisha a ƙarshe ya halasta kasancewar mata a gidan rediyon jama’a, kuma a shekarunta na baya har ta yi rawar gani da mawaƙa maza.<ref name="dab" /> Gaba ɗaya, ta yi rikodin waƙoƙi sama da 150 a lokacin aikinta, galibi tayi ne a gidan rediyon Omdurman, kuma ta ci gaba da aiki har zuwa shekarun 1960. An fi saninta da waƙoƙin ta na soyayya (wanda ake kira ''tom-tom'', kuma mawaƙa maza ne suka rubuta),<ref>Malik, p. 140.</ref> amma wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin ta na siyasa ne, kuma an san ta a matsayin mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata, haƙƙin ma’aikata. yaƙi da mulkin mallaka, da kuma ƴancin kai na Sudan. Aisha ta zauna a Omdurman har zuwa rasuwarta a shekarar 1974, amma kuma ta kasance mai yawan ziyara a Masar. Ta yi aure sau biyu a rayuwarta: Ta rabu da mijinta na farko, Ibrahim Adbarawi, bayan shekara biyu ba ta haihu ba. Daga baya, ta auri Jiddu Kabli wadda ta haifi ƴaƴanta duka. == Manazarta == iecenr38px25qfoffjafctyupcgiwba 0 32494 547591 234028 2024-11-28T16:56:33Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Surveillance_Camera_over_the_Platform_of_Train.jpg|thumb| Kyamarorin sa ido, irin wannan a tashar jirgin ƙasa, suna rage keɓantawa.]] [[Fayil:The Keb River.jpg|thumb|Keɓancewa]] '''Keɓantawa''' shine ikon mutum ko ƙungiyar mutane don ɓoye bayanai game da kansu. Hakanan shine yadda mutane ke zaɓar wane bayani game da kansu suke son rabawa.Kasashe da yawa suna da dokoki game da keɓantawa. Wasu dokoki da tsarin mulki suna kare sirri, kamar Kundin Tsarin Mulki na [[Amurka]] da [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Sanarwar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya]]. Wasu dokoki suna iyakance keɓantawa. Misali dokokin haraji suna tilasta wa mutane su bada bayanai game da kuɗin shiga tare da Kamfanoni gwamnati kuma na iya ƙarfafa mutane su raba bayanai game da kansu don musanya kuɗi ko wasu fa'idodi.{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Doka]] o2yifthhsz2cwz3n4a3217azlcwzdd5 0 32868 547586 543842 2024-11-28T16:52:45Z Adamu mohammed3284 29226 Nahi gyara 547586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Keagan Dolly.JPG|thumb|nasah photos ]] '''Keagan Larenzo Dolly''' (an [[Haile Selassie|haife]] shi a ranar [[ashirin]] da [[Biyi Bandele|biyu]] 22 ga [[Wata|watan]] [[Janairu]] [[shekara]] ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da uku 195,000πtann93) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na Kaizer Chiefs a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Premier da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref>[[Keagan Dolly]]". MHSC Foot (in French). Retrieved 14 February 2020.</ref><ref>2015 Africa U-23 Cup of Nations - Group A squads" (PDF). cafonline.com. Confederation of African Football. Retrieved 3 October 2020.</ref> Ya lashe kyautar matashin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Premier na kakar wasa a kakar dubu biyu da goma sha uku 2013 zuwa shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 bayan ya nuna manyan ayyuka kuma ya zama babban ɗan wasa ga Mamelodi Sundowns.<ref>Archived copy" }. Archived from the original on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2012.</ref><ref>[[Keagan Dolly]]". National Football Teams. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann. Retrieved 1 December 2016.</ref> == Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya == === Mamelodi Sundowns === An haife shi a [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng, Dolly ya fara buga kwallon kafa a Westbury Arsenal, daga baya ya koma School of Excellence inda Mamelodi Sundowns ya hango shi. Bayan burgewa a tsarin matasan su ya ci gaba da sanya hannu tare da Ajax Cape Town.<ref>Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2019.</ref> === Ajax Cape Town === Dolly ya kammala tafiya zuwa Ajax Cape Town kuma wannan shine watakila inda Dolly ya yi wa kansa suna. A lokacin da ya ke Ajax ya lashe kyautar matashin dan wasan Premier Soccer League na kakar shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha uku 2013 zuwa da sha huɗu 14. Wannan ya jawo Sundowns ta dawo da shi daga Ajax Cape Town a kakar wasa ta shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 zuwa shekara ta sha biyar 15, amma saboda yawancin 'yan wasan da ke zama iri ɗaya da Keagan a wannan kakar, Sundowns ta zaɓi aro shi zuwa Ajax don ɗan wasan ya sami ƙarin lokacin wasa. === Komawa Mamelodi Sundowns === Sundowns sun hada Dolly ga tawagarsu a kamfen na shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015 zuwa shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016 kamar yadda suka yi niyya don ƙarfafa ƙungiyar su don gasar da kuma gasar zakarun CAF. Dolly tare da Sundows sun ci gaba da lashe gasar a kakar shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015 zuwa shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016, kuma kai tsaye sun cancanci shiga gasar zakarun CAF. Kungiyar AS Vita Club ta fitar da Sundowns a wasan zagaye na uku na gasar cin kofin zakarun nahiyar Afrika ta Caf amma da faruwar lamarin an fitar da kungiyar AS Vita a gasar saboda ta yi amfani da dan wasan da bai cancanta ba a wasannin share fage na gasar Orange CAF ta shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016.<ref>CAF explains Mamelodi Sundowns replacing AS Vita in Champions League" KickOff 24 May 2016.</ref> Gasar Zakarun Turai. An dawo da Sundowns zuwa gasar kuma tare da bajintar Dolly da daukacin kungiyar, Sundowns ta ci gasar. Dolly, Billiat da Onyango an zabi su ne a matsayin mafi kyawun dan wasan Inter-Club na shekara (Based in Africa) wanda abokin wasan Keagan Dennis Onyango ya lashe. An haɗa Dolly a cikin shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016 CAF Team na shekara. Tare da fitattun wasanni daga Dolly a ƙarshe ya jawo sha'awa daga kungiyoyi daban-daban a Turai. A cikin watan Satumba shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016 an sanar da cewa Olympiacos FC na sha'awar sanya hannu kan Dolly. ==== Rikicin Kwangila da Mamelodi Sundowns ==== A watan Nuwamba, shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha shida 2016, an ba da rahoton cewa Sundowns sun dauki tauraron dan wasan tsakiyar su zuwa DRC don yin hamayya da batun siyan kusan Yuro dubu ɗari bakwai da hamsin 750,000 da aka rubuta a kwantiraginsa, wanda aka sanya hannu watanni sha bakwai 17 kafin Sundowns ya ce ya yi kadan. Hujjar ita ce kuskuren da Sundowns ta yi, kuma suna son a gyara shi kan kudi kusan fam miliyan ɗaya da rabi 1.5. A ƙarshe Sundowns ta yi nasara a shari'ar kuma an sabunta batun siyan zuwa fam miliyan ɗaya da rabi 1.5.<ref>Mamelodi Sundowns Have Won Their DRC Case Against Keagan Dolly". www.soccerladuma.co.za. 5 January 2017</ref> === Montpellier === A ranar ashirin da shida 26 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta alif dubu biyu da goma sha bakwai 2017, an sanar da cewa Dolly ya sanya hannu tare da Montpellier HSC. Ya bar kulob din a lokacin rani shekarar alif dubu biyu da ashirin da ɗaya 2021. === Kaiser Chiefs === Dolly ya koma Afirka ta Kudu a watan Yuli 2021, yana shiga Kaizer Chiefs.<ref>Kaizer Chiefs confirm [✓Keagan Dolly]] and Cole Alexander signing". Kick Off. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa == === 'Yan Kasa da shekara ashirin da ukku 23 === Keagan Dolly ya buga wa ’yan kasa da shekara 23 wasa kuma ya wakilci kasarsa a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ‘yan kasa da shekaru 23 a shekarar 2015 da aka gudanar a Senegal. Gasar dai ta kasance a matsayin ta CAF na neman tikitin shiga gasar kwallon kafa ta Olympics, wadda [[Afrika ta Kudu]] ta samu gurbin zuwa matsayi na uku. Dolly ya zama kyaftin din [[Afirka ta Kudu]] yayin gasar kwallon kafa ta maza ta lokacin bazara ta 2016.<ref>[[Keagan Dolly]] Move To France Has Been Confirmed". www.soccerladuma.co.za . 26 January 2017.</ref> === Kwallayensa na kasa === : ''Maki da sakamako ne suka jera ƙwallayen da Afirka ta Kudu ta ci a farko, ginshiƙi na nuna maki bayan kowace ƙwallon Dolly.'' <ref name="nft">{{NFT player|56925|access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Jerin kwallayen kasa da kasa da Keagan Dolly ya ci ! scope="col" | A'a. ! scope="col" | Kwanan wata ! scope="col" | Wuri ! scope="col" | Abokin hamayya ! scope="col" | Ci ! scope="col" | Sakamako ! scope="col" | Gasa |- | align="center" | 1 | rowspan="2" | 4 ga Yuni 2016 | rowspan="2" | Independence Stadium, Bakau, Gambia | rowspan="2" |</img> Gambia | align="center" | 3–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 4–0 | rowspan="2" | 2017 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |- | align="center" | 2 | align="center" | 4–0 |} == Salon wasa == Dolly da farko yana taka leda a matsayin dan wasan winger ko lokaci-lokaci a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari, ya kan yi wasa a matsayin dan wasan gefe na hagu na kulob da kasa. Saboda yawan kuzarinsa da basirar wasansa; wannan matsayi yana ba shi damar yin harbi da ƙafarsa mai ƙarfi. Ramin ɗan wasan ƙafar ƙafar hagu yana da ikon ɗaukar kowane matsayi a bayan layin gaba. Matsanancin saurinsa da ikonsa na kusa ya ba shi damar yin yawo cikin aljihun sarari a kusa da filin wasa kamar yadda ɗan wasan Manchester United Juan Mata . Shi ma tsohon dan wasan Afirka ta Kudu Steven Pienaar ya yi hasashen Dolly kan zama daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kayayyaki da Afirka ta Kudu ta taba kerawa.<ref>Pienaar backing [[Keagan Dolly]] South Africa exit-SportsClub". 19 September 2016</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Kamar Steven Pienaar, Dolly ya fito daga Westbury, ƙauyen da ke da launin fata a Johannesburg. Ya yi karatu a babbar makarantar sakandare ta Potchefstroom Boys.<ref>Independent Newspapers Online (29 August 2012). "Pienaar: The inspiration behind the rise of [[Keagan Dolly]]-Cape Argus". IOL.co.za. Retrieved 28 September 2012.</ref> == Girmamawa == '''Mamelodi Sundowns''' * Telkom Knockout : 2015 * Premier League : 2015–16 * CAF Champions League : 2016 '''Afirka ta Kudu U23''' * Gasar cin Kofin Afrika U-23 Matsayi na uku: 2015<ref>"2015 U23 Africa Cup of Nations matches" .</ref><ref><nowiki>http://admin.cafonline.com/Portals/0/Group%20A</nowiki> %20U-23.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]</ref> '''Mutum''' * Matashin Dan Wasan PSL: 2013–14 * Kungiyar CAF ta Shekara == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player}} * {{Soccerway}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1993]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0vxwuuh9xkgcuespkk0ljbyt3esqugs 0 33071 548076 516395 2024-11-29T03:40:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 Gyara 548076 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Afzal Khan.jpg|thumb]]{{Databox}} '''Mohammed Afzal Khan''', CBE ( {{Lang-ur|محمد افضل خان}} ; an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu a shekarar 1958) ɗan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour da ke Burtaniya wanda ke aiki a matsayin Memba na Majalisar (MP) na Manchester Gorton tun 2017 .<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester Rusholme - General election results 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001353 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ya kasance tsohon magajin garin Manchester tsakanin shekarun ta 2005-2006, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (MEP) na Arewacin Yammacin Ingila daga 2014 zuwa 2017. == Kuruciya == An haifi Khan a ƙasar [[Pakistan]] kuma ya zo Birtaniya yana da shekaru 11. Bayan ya bar makaranta ba tare da takardar shaida kammala karatu ba, yana da ayyuka da yawa, ciki har da matsayin ɗan sanda na Greater Manchester, kafin ya koma karatu ya kuma cancanci zama lauya. == Harkar siyasa == === Karamar hukuma === An fara zabar Khan a matsayin Kansilan Labour a 2000, an sake zaɓan shi a 2004, 2007 da 2011, don wakiltar Cheetham [[Mazaba|Ward]]. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Memba na Harkokin ƙananan Yara. Khan ya zama [[Musulmi]] na farko da ya riƙe matsayin Magajin Garin Manchester, inda ya dauki matsayi na 2005-2006. A shekarar 2010, an nada Khan CBE don aikin kan dangantakar launin fata. A shekarar 2011 ne, aka ba da shawarar Khan a matsayin ɗan takarar Oldham East da Saddleworth . A cikin 2012, ya kasance dan takara mai yuwuwa don zaben Bradford West amma ya rasa zabin Imran Hussain, wanda dan takarar jam'iyyar Respect, George Galloway ya kayar da shi. === Majalisar Turai === An zaɓi Khan a watan Fabarairu 2013 a cikin jerin Jam'iyyar Labour na Arewacin Yammacin Ingila a zaɓen 'yan majalisar Turai na 2014 kuma, a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2014, an mayar da shi a matsayin MEP ga Majalisar Turai don wakiltar Arewacin Yammacin Ingila . A watan Janairun 2016, Jam'iyyar Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta nada Khan a matsayin wakili na musamman ga al'ummomin Musulmi. A cikin wannan aiki, Khan ya ziyarci Jamus, Birtaniya, Italiya, Faransa da [[Denmark]] don yin aiki tare da al'ummomin musulmi na gida tare da gayyatar kungiyoyin matasa musulmai zuwa majalisar. [[File:Jeremy_Corbyn,_Labour_leader_with_Afzal_Kahn_at_Gorton_By-election_campaign_event,_Manchester_11th_April_2017.jpg|left|thumb| Khan yana yakin neman zabe tare da shugaban jam'iyyar Labour Jeremy Corbyn a wani bangare na zaben Manchester Gorton da aka soke.]] === Aikin majalisa === A watan Maris 2017, ya nemi zama dan takarar Labour a zaɓen fidda gwani na Manchester Gorton na 2017 kuma an zaɓe shi bisa hukuma a ranar 22 ga Maris. A yayin zaɓen fidda gwanin ya ce "Na yi Allah-wadai da kalaman da Ken Livingstone ya yi kuma na yi imanin cewa babu wurin kyamar Yahudawa a jam'iyyar Labour." Ya kara da cewa, “Na kasance mai fafutukar yaki da wariyar launin fata da kyamar Yahudawa. A watan 2008, an ba ni lambar yabo ta CBE a wani bangare na aikin da na karfafa fahimtar juna tsakanin Musulmi da Yahudawa. Ina da niyyar ci gaba da wannan aikin idan aka zabe ni a matsayin ɗan majalisar wakilai na Manchester Gorton." [[Fayil:Official portrait of Afzal Khan MP.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan]] An soke zaben bayan rusa majalisar dokokin da aka yi a farkon babban zaben ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 2017 . An sake zabar Khan a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar Labour a babban zaben kasar kuma an zabe shi, ya zama dan majalisar musulmi na farko a Manchester. A cikin Yuli 2017, Khan an nada shi Ministan Shige da Fice. A watan Yulin 2019, Khan ya nemi afuwa saboda bidiyo da wani dan wasa ya yada a Facebook shekaru biyu da suka gabata [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]. Rubutun da ke ƙarƙashin faifan bidiyon yana magana ne akan "Isra'ila-British-Swiss-Rothschilds laifuffuka" da "jama'a kisan gillar Rothschilds Isra'ila maƙaryata masu laifi". Khan ya ce ya “ji dadi”, ya kara da cewa “Ban karanta rubutun da ke kasa ba, wanda ke dauke da wata makarkashiyar kyamar Yahudawa game da Rothschilds. Ba zan taba raba shi ba idan na ga haka." === Sauran ayyuka === Tsakanin 2000 zuwa 2004, Khan ya kasance memba na Sashen Ciniki da Masana'antu na Ma'aikatar Kasuwancin tsirarun Kabilanci, yana ba da shawara ga Sakatariyar Harkokin Waje, Patricia Hewitt . Bayan harin bam da aka kai a Landan a shekara ta 2005, ya zama memba na ƙungiyar aiki na Ofishin Cikin Gida da nufin hana tsattsauran ra'ayi. Ya kuma taɓa zama Mataimakin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Musulmi ta Biritaniya kuma shi ne wakilinta na Arewa maso Yamma. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Musulmai da Yahudawa ta Babban birnin Manchester. Khan ya sha fitowaa shirye-shiryen Channel M. [[Fayil:Afzal Khan.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan]] An nada shi a matsayin shugaban majalissar ma'aikata musulmai watoLabour Muslim Network a watan Agusta 2020. <ref>[https://www.afzalkhan.org.uk/news/2020/08/05/afzal-appointed-parliamentary-chair-of-labour-muslim-network/ Afzal appointed Parliamentary Chair of Labour Muslim Network]. Afzal Khan (2020-08-05). Retrieved 2020-11-27.</ref> === Sauran abubuwan da suka faru === [[Fayil:Asian Lite Launch Event.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan tare da wasu jaruman india]] A watan Maris 2018, Khan ya sami wani fakitin tuhuma wanda ke ɗauke da wasiƙar adawa da Musulunci da ruwa mai ɗaci. Daga baya an gano sinadarin ba shi da illa. An samu irin wannan fakitin takwarorinsu na jam'iyyar Labour, Mohammad Yasin, Rushanara Ali da Rupa Huq . == Rayuwa == 'Yar Khan Maryam ta kasance Kansila na Majalisar Birnin Manchester, na Longsight . == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan Pakistan na Burtaniya * Abokan Kwadago na Falasdinu &amp;amp; Gabas ta Tsakiya == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1958]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2c4wm17chkrzc35wguwhyvje0uyec5x 548077 548076 2024-11-29T03:43:20Z Abdurra'uf 23412 Gyara 548077 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Afzal Khan.jpg|thumb]]{{Databox}} '''Mohammed Afzal Khan''', CBE ( {{Lang-ur|محمد افضل خان}} ; an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu a shekarar 1958) ɗan siyasa ne na Jam'iyyar Labour da ke Burtaniya wanda ke aiki a matsayin Memba na Majalisar (MP) na Manchester Gorton tun 2017 .<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester Rusholme - General election results 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001353 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ya kasance tsohon magajin garin Manchester tsakanin shekarun ta 2005-2006, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai (MEP) na Arewacin Yammacin Ingila daga 2014 zuwa 2017.<ref>http://www.uaeinteract.com/docs/Sultan_meets_Mayor_of_Manchester/19319.htm</ref> == Kuruciya == An haifi Khan a ƙasar [[Pakistan]] kuma ya zo Birtaniya yana da shekaru 11. Bayanu ya bar makaranta ba tare da takardar shaida kammala karatu ba, yana da ayyuka da yawa, ciki har da matsayin ɗan sanda na Greater Manchester, kafin ya koma karatu ya kuma cancanci zama lauya.<ref>"The Executive Members in 2019 / 2020 | The Members of the Executive | Manchester City Council"</ref> == Harkar siyasa == === Karamar hukuma === An fara zabar Khan a matsayin Kansilan Labour a 2000, an sake zaɓan shi a 2004, 2007 da 2011, don wakiltar Cheetham [[Mazaba|Ward]]. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Memba na Harkokin ƙananan Yara. Khan ya zama [[Musulmi]] na farko da ya riƙe matsayin Magajin Garin Manchester, inda ya dauki matsayi na 2005-2006. A shekarar 2010, an nada Khan CBE don aikin kan dangantakar launin fata. A shekarar 2011 ne, aka ba da shawarar Khan a matsayin ɗan takarar Oldham East da Saddleworth . A cikin 2012, ya kasance dan takara mai yuwuwa don zaben Bradford West amma ya rasa zabin Imran Hussain, wanda dan takarar jam'iyyar Respect, George Galloway ya kayar da shi. === Majalisar Turai === An zaɓi Khan a watan Fabarairu 2013 a cikin jerin Jam'iyyar Labour na Arewacin Yammacin Ingila a zaɓen 'yan majalisar Turai na 2014 kuma, a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2014, an mayar da shi a matsayin MEP ga Majalisar Turai don wakiltar Arewacin Yammacin Ingila . A watan Janairun 2016, Jam'iyyar Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta nada Khan a matsayin wakili na musamman ga al'ummomin Musulmi. A cikin wannan aiki, Khan ya ziyarci Jamus, Birtaniya, Italiya, Faransa da [[Denmark]] don yin aiki tare da al'ummomin musulmi na gida tare da gayyatar kungiyoyin matasa musulmai zuwa majalisar. [[File:Jeremy_Corbyn,_Labour_leader_with_Afzal_Kahn_at_Gorton_By-election_campaign_event,_Manchester_11th_April_2017.jpg|left|thumb| Khan yana yakin neman zabe tare da shugaban jam'iyyar Labour Jeremy Corbyn a wani bangare na zaben Manchester Gorton da aka soke.]] === Aikin majalisa === A watan Maris 2017, ya nemi zama dan takarar Labour a zaɓen fidda gwani na Manchester Gorton na 2017 kuma an zaɓe shi bisa hukuma a ranar 22 ga Maris. A yayin zaɓen fidda gwanin ya ce "Na yi Allah-wadai da kalaman da Ken Livingstone ya yi kuma na yi imanin cewa babu wurin kyamar Yahudawa a jam'iyyar Labour." Ya kara da cewa, “Na kasance mai fafutukar yaki da wariyar launin fata da kyamar Yahudawa. A watan 2008, an ba ni lambar yabo ta CBE a wani bangare na aikin da na karfafa fahimtar juna tsakanin Musulmi da Yahudawa. Ina da niyyar ci gaba da wannan aikin idan aka zabe ni a matsayin ɗan majalisar wakilai na Manchester Gorton." [[Fayil:Official portrait of Afzal Khan MP.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan]] An soke zaben bayan rusa majalisar dokokin da aka yi a farkon babban zaben ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 2017 . An sake zabar Khan a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar Labour a babban zaben kasar kuma an zabe shi, ya zama dan majalisar musulmi na farko a Manchester. A cikin Yuli 2017, Khan an nada shi Ministan Shige da Fice. A watan Yulin 2019, Khan ya nemi afuwa saboda bidiyo da wani dan wasa ya yada a Facebook shekaru biyu da suka gabata [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]. Rubutun da ke ƙarƙashin faifan bidiyon yana magana ne akan "Isra'ila-British-Swiss-Rothschilds laifuffuka" da "jama'a kisan gillar Rothschilds Isra'ila maƙaryata masu laifi". Khan ya ce ya “ji dadi”, ya kara da cewa “Ban karanta rubutun da ke kasa ba, wanda ke dauke da wata makarkashiyar kyamar Yahudawa game da Rothschilds. Ba zan taba raba shi ba idan na ga haka." === Sauran ayyuka === Tsakanin 2000 zuwa 2004, Khan ya kasance memba na Sashen Ciniki da Masana'antu na Ma'aikatar Kasuwancin tsirarun Kabilanci, yana ba da shawara ga Sakatariyar Harkokin Waje, Patricia Hewitt . Bayan harin bam da aka kai a Landan a shekara ta 2005, ya zama memba na ƙungiyar aiki na Ofishin Cikin Gida da nufin hana tsattsauran ra'ayi. Ya kuma taɓa zama Mataimakin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Musulmi ta Biritaniya kuma shi ne wakilinta na Arewa maso Yamma. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Musulmai da Yahudawa ta Babban birnin Manchester. Khan ya sha fitowaa shirye-shiryen Channel M. [[Fayil:Afzal Khan.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan]] An nada shi a matsayin shugaban majalissar ma'aikata musulmai watoLabour Muslim Network a watan Agusta 2020. <ref>[https://www.afzalkhan.org.uk/news/2020/08/05/afzal-appointed-parliamentary-chair-of-labour-muslim-network/ Afzal appointed Parliamentary Chair of Labour Muslim Network]. Afzal Khan (2020-08-05). Retrieved 2020-11-27.</ref> === Sauran abubuwan da suka faru === [[Fayil:Asian Lite Launch Event.jpg|thumb|Afzal Khan tare da wasu jaruman india]] A watan Maris 2018, Khan ya sami wani fakitin tuhuma wanda ke ɗauke da wasiƙar adawa da Musulunci da ruwa mai ɗaci. Daga baya an gano sinadarin ba shi da illa. An samu irin wannan fakitin takwarorinsu na jam'iyyar Labour, Mohammad Yasin, Rushanara Ali da Rupa Huq . == Rayuwa == 'Yar Khan Maryam ta kasance Kansila na Majalisar Birnin Manchester, na Longsight . == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan Pakistan na Burtaniya * Abokan Kwadago na Falasdinu &amp;amp; Gabas ta Tsakiya == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1958]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dx36h3xyagc51vek7t8813ah3ap86d2 0 33418 547510 437241 2024-11-28T12:22:26Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ƙungiyar '''kwallon raga ta mata ta Gambia na''' wakiltar [[Gambiya|Gambia]] a wasannin [[Mace|kwallon]] raga na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa da wasannin sada zumunta. <ref name="all">[http://allafrica.com/stories/201311061142.html Gambia's Women Volleyball Team Leave for World Cup Qualifiers], AllAfrica, Retrieved April 2016</ref> A shekarar 2014 ƙungiyar ta je [[Cabo Verde|Cape Verde]] domin fafatawa a zafafan yanayi a shirye-shiryen tunkarar gasar cin kofin duniya. <ref name="all">[http://allafrica.com/stories/201311061142.html Gambia's Women Volleyball Team Leave for World Cup Qualifiers], AllAfrica, Retrieved April 2016</ref> == Ƙwallon taga na bakin teku == Tawagar kwallon volleyball ta bakin teku ta mata ta samu lambar zinari a wasannin share fage na gasar Olympics da aka yi a [[Dakar]] da kuma wani zinare a zagaye na biyu na wasannin share fage da aka yi a [[Abidjan]] wanda ya ba su damar zuwa gasar cin kofin nahiyar da aka yi a [[Abuja]] inda suka kare a matsayi na 8 a gasar kasashe 12 da aka yi. A watan Yuni 2021, ƙungiyar ta yi niyyar yin tikitin zuwa wasannin Olympics na Tokyo. Ta hanyar nasarorin yanki da dama, sun wuce zuwa gasar karshe, gasar share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin kwallon raga ta bakin teku a Agadir, Morocco. Babban kocin ta hanyar aikin na ƙarshe shine Pa Baboucarr Barrow.<ref>Arfang M.S. Camara (21 June 2021). "[[Gambiya|Gambia]] Beach Volleyball Teams Aim to Book Tokyo Ticket in Morocco" . AllAfrica . Retrieved 10 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.fivb.org/EN/FIVB/Federation.asp?NF=GAM Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gambia] [[Category: Kungiyoyin Kwallon Raga]] kyqgz8w6tovv9rnuelwra51aa1wk1p0 0 33556 547501 448363 2024-11-28T12:20:17Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta kasar Komoros,''' ita ce ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Comoros kuma hukumar kula da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Comoros ce ke kula da ita. Sun buga wasansu na farko a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. == Tarihi == === Farkon === Comoros ta buga wasanta na farko na kasa da kasa da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] kuma an buga shi a [[Maputo]], a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. Sakamakon ya kasance asara 7-2. Sun shirya wasanni biyu da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] a watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2014, don neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2014, amma ta janye. Comoros ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu da Afrika ta Kudu a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun 2014 inda ta sha kashi da ci 13-0. Sannan sun janye daga wasan dawowa.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Banyana-qualify-for-championship-as-Comoros-withdraw-after-13-0-thrashing-20150429 | title=Banyana qualify for championship as Comoros withdraw after 13-0 thrashing | publisher=news24.com | date=28 May 2014 | accessdate=24 January 2017}}</ref> A watan Disambar 2016 wasanni biyu na sada zumunta da suka yi da Madagascar sun yi rashin nasara da ci 0-4 kowanne.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202021910/http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2019, a watan Yuli, Comoros ta sha kashi mafi muni a Afirka ta Kudu, wasan da ya kare da ci 13-0. A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2020, tawagar kasar ta sha kashi a hannun Eswatini da ci 4-2, da kuma rashin nasara a Afrika ta Kudu da ci 7-0, amma ta yi kunnen doki 1-1 da Angola, wanda shi ne sakamakon farko a tarihinta. == Hoton kungiya == === Filin wasa na gida === Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Comoros ta buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa Said Mohamed Cheikh . == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {{Updated|20 May 2021}} {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Choudjay Mahandhi | |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * '''Choudjay Mahandhi''' (? ? ? ? -) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar watan shekara don gasar xxx. gasa. * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 Oktoba 2021.  === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasa masu zuwa zuwa tawagar Comoros a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   === Tawagar baya === ; Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta COSAFA * 2020 COSAFA Women's Championship tawagar == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a cikin Comoros ** Kwallon kafa a cikin Comoros *** Kwallon kafa na mata a cikin Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta Comoros == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140326043631/http://www.fedcomfootball.com/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140606231841/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=com/ Bayanan martaba na FIFA] [[Category:Komoros]] 9svg0o1qjphvzcyr5x0tuywbl5oc428 547502 547501 2024-11-28T12:20:49Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta kasar Komoros,''' ita ce ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Comoros kuma hukumar kula da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Comoros ce ke kula da ita. Sun buga wasansu na farko a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. == Tarihi == === Farkon === Comoros ta buga wasanta na farko na kasa da kasa da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] kuma an buga shi a [[Maputo]], a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. Sakamakon ya kasance asara 7-2. Sun shirya wasanni biyu da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] a watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2014, don neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2014, amma ta janye. Comoros ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu da Afrika ta Kudu a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun 2014 inda ta sha kashi da ci 13-0. Sannan sun janye daga wasan dawowa.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Banyana-qualify-for-championship-as-Comoros-withdraw-after-13-0-thrashing-20150429 | title=Banyana qualify for championship as Comoros withdraw after 13-0 thrashing | publisher=news24.com | date=28 May 2014 | accessdate=24 January 2017}}</ref> A watan Disambar 2016 wasanni biyu na sada zumunta da suka yi da Madagascar sun yi rashin nasara da ci 0-4 kowanne.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202021910/http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2019, a watan Yuli, Comoros ta sha kashi mafi muni a Afirka ta Kudu, wasan da ya kare da ci 13-0. A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2020, tawagar kasar ta sha kashi a hannun Eswatini da ci 4-2, da kuma rashin nasara a Afrika ta Kudu da ci 7-0, amma ta yi kunnen doki 1-1 da Angola, wanda shi ne sakamakon farko a tarihinta. == Hoton ƙungiya == === Filin wasa na gida === Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Comoros ta buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa Said Mohamed Cheikh . == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {{Updated|20 May 2021}} {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Choudjay Mahandhi | |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * '''Choudjay Mahandhi''' (? ? ? ? -) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar watan shekara don gasar xxx. gasa. * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 Oktoba 2021.  === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasa masu zuwa zuwa tawagar Comoros a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   === Tawagar baya === ; Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta COSAFA * 2020 COSAFA Women's Championship tawagar == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a cikin Comoros ** Kwallon kafa a cikin Comoros *** Kwallon kafa na mata a cikin Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta Comoros == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140326043631/http://www.fedcomfootball.com/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140606231841/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=com/ Bayanan martaba na FIFA] [[Category:Komoros]] n6vx3kjk17nax1i4x870ogcnfmk1gt2 547503 547502 2024-11-28T12:21:04Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta kasar Komoros,''' ita ce ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Comoros kuma hukumar kula da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Comoros ce ke kula da ita. Sun buga wasansu na farko a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. == Tarihi == === Farkon === Comoros ta buga wasanta na farko na kasa da kasa da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] kuma an buga shi a [[Maputo]], a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2006. Sakamakon ya kasance asara 7-2. Sun shirya wasanni biyu da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Mozambique|Mozambique]] a watan Fabrairu na shekarar 2014, don neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2014, amma ta janye. Comoros ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu da Afrika ta Kudu a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun 2014 inda ta sha kashi da ci 13-0. Sannan sun janye daga wasan dawowa.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Banyana-qualify-for-championship-as-Comoros-withdraw-after-13-0-thrashing-20150429 | title=Banyana qualify for championship as Comoros withdraw after 13-0 thrashing | publisher=news24.com | date=28 May 2014 | accessdate=24 January 2017}}</ref> A watan Disambar 2016 wasanni biyu na sada zumunta da suka yi da Madagascar sun yi rashin nasara da ci 0-4 kowanne.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202021910/http://www.sobikamada.com/sport/item/10921-match-amical-f%C3%A9minin-madagascar-4-0-comores.html |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2019, a watan Yuli, Comoros ta sha kashi mafi muni a Afirka ta Kudu, wasan da ya kare da ci 13-0. A gasar COSAFA ta mata ta 2020, tawagar kasar ta sha kashi a hannun Eswatini da ci 4-2, da kuma rashin nasara a Afrika ta Kudu da ci 7-0, amma ta yi kunnen doki 1-1 da Angola, wanda shi ne sakamakon farko a tarihinta. == Hoton ƙungiya == === Filin wasa na gida === Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Comoros ta buga wasanninta na gida a filin wasa Said Mohamed Cheikh . == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {{Updated|20 May 2021}} {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Choudjay Mahandhi | |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * '''Choudjay Mahandhi''' (? ? ? ? -) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar watan shekara don gasar xxx. gasa. * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 Oktoba 2021.  === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasa masu zuwa zuwa tawagar Comoros a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   === Tawagar baya === ; Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta COSAFA * 2020 COSAFA Women's Championship tawagar == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a cikin Comoros ** Kwallon kafa a cikin Comoros *** Kwallon kafa na mata a cikin Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Comoros * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta Comoros == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140326043631/http://www.fedcomfootball.com/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140606231841/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=com/ Bayanan martaba na FIFA] [[Category:Komoros]] k683t8nguj2t1axemfeqnv1i21a42sk 0 33629 547517 495657 2024-11-28T12:25:18Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin kasashen duniya . Kungiyar matasan kasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda kungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar kalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == 86lxyx05wfsj67riltjvw6qcit7r4nq 547518 547517 2024-11-28T12:25:28Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin kasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan kasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda kungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar kalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == efba2yyx65842vx6a7srwnh7pwfanc7 547519 547518 2024-11-28T12:25:41Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin kasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan kasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar kalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == sfpzonhn780fsjf15rnauxsqu16jji9 547520 547519 2024-11-28T12:25:52Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin kasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan kasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == cbosbyvaypgw0iwq4atn8rlnjjxe8ea 547521 547520 2024-11-28T12:26:11Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na kasa da kasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == sonblocdsq1rt0ovjhk3ehjqy4fj0ov 547522 547521 2024-11-28T12:26:33Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na karshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == tvv69d16qbcvg7l5cuaw0vgtjrbyi1p 547524 547522 2024-11-28T12:26:43Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar kalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == 9umhxyd2n1y4vfolm8eu8pqp52108nm 547525 547524 2024-11-28T12:27:02Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar ƙalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin kungiyar ta kasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar kasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == 83okjjvo1129jhka3ls4j3tsk5bu429 547526 547525 2024-11-28T12:27:24Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar ƙalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin ƙungiyar ta ƙasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar ƙasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a kasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Kasar tana da bangaren kasa da kasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == fnyo86lm9r1wpgsk0xzhablnnc0btdu 547527 547526 2024-11-28T12:27:54Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Women in sport playing football 05.jpg|alt=Kwallon mats|thumb|kwallon mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka,''' tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka]] (CAR) a wasan kwallon kafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa . Hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kafa ta Afrika ta tsakiya ce ke tafiyar da ita . Ta buga wasanninta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2018 a gasar cin kofin ƙasashen duniya . Ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar ta buga wasanni da dama, ciki har da gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, inda ƙungiyar ta yi rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. Kamar yadda yake faruwa a fadin Afirka, wasan mata na fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. A shekara ta 2000 ne kawai aka shirya wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kuma 'yan wasa 400 ne kawai ke fafatawa a matakin ƙasa. == Tarihi == == Filin wasa na gida == == Fage da ci gaba == Ci gaban wasan kwallon kafa na mata a Afirka yana fuskantar ƙalubale da dama, da suka hada da karancin damar samun ilimi, talauci a tsakanin mata, rashin daidaito da kuma take hakkin dan Adam da ake yi wa mata. Yawancin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa suna barin ƙasar suna neman babbar dama a Turai ko Amurka. Bugu da kari, akasarin kudaden da ake ba wa mata a Afirka ta Kudu suna zuwa ne daga [[FIFA]], ba kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na kasa ba. <ref name="Kuhn2011" /> An kafa Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Tsakiyar Afirka, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar CAR, a cikin shekarar 1961 kuma ta zama alaƙar FIFA a shekara 1964. <ref name="fifabook" /> A cikin CAR, babu ma'aikacin ƙungiyar ta ƙasa da ya sadaukar da kansa ga wasan kwallon kafa na mata kuma babu mata a cikin hukumar ko a cikin kwamitin zartarwa. <ref name="fifabook" /> Tare da taimakon FIFA, hukumar ta samar da shirin mata wanda ya fara a shekara ta 2000. Daga baya aka gabatar da gasar ƙasa da gasar makarantu. Kwallon kafa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wasanni na mata a cikin CAR. <ref name="fifabook" /> Akwai kimanin ‘yan wasa matasa 200 da suka yi rajista a ƙasar da kuma manyan ‘yan wasa 200 da suka yi rajista a shekarar 2006. Akwai kungiyoyi 80 na matakin kulab da mata a cikinsu, 20 daga cikinsu na mata ne kawai. == Kungiya == A shekara ta 2006, ƙungiyar ta ba da horo sau biyar a mako. Tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 2020, FIFA ba ta samu matsayi na kungiyar ba saboda rashin buga isassun wasannin kasa da kasa. Ƙasar tana da bangaren kasa da ƙasa da shekaru 20 . Wannan tawagar ta halarci gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20, wanda kafin shekarar 2006 wata gasa ce ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 wacce kungiyar CAR kuma ta shiga. A shekara ta 2002, an fara wasannin share fage ne da gasar cin kofin matan Afirka na 'yan kasa da shekaru 19. CAR ta kara da Equatorial Guinea a wasan gida da waje a zagayen farko, inda ta lashe dukkan wasannin da ci 1-0 da kuma 2-0. An shirya kasar za ta kara da Zimbabwe a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, amma Zimbabwe ta fice daga gasar. A wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe, CAR ta hadu da Afrika ta Kudu a wasan gida, amma ta sha kashi da ci 0-2. Tawagar za ta buga wasanta na dawowa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma kasar da ta karbi bakuncin gasar ta ki ba wa 'yan wasan tsakiyar Afirka biza, lamarin da ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta fice daga gasar. Afirka ta Kudu ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin, inda daga baya aka bayar da biza ga 'yan wasan Afirka ta tsakiya, amma sai tawagar ta fice daga gasar. <ref name="cafaf20">{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/can-u-20-women_2010/pastcomp/2002 |title=Regulations – CAN U-20 women 2010 – CAF |publisher=Cafonline.com |access-date=16 April 2012}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2010, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 ta Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka ta halarci wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na U-20 na Afirka. Sun samu nasara a kan São Tomé da Principe a zagaye na farko amma ba su shiga zagaye na biyu ko na uku ba. == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci | Ba kowa | |- |} == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === * An sanya sunayen 'yan wasa masu zuwa a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2021 don gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2022 . * Maƙasudin maƙasudi daidai kuma gami da 30 ga Oktoba na shekarar 2021.  === Rikodin Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ! colspan="6" | Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1991 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1991]] | colspan="8" rowspan="12" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|}}</img> [[1995 Gasar Mata ta Afirka|1995]] |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka 1998|1998]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2000|2000]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2002|2002]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2004|2004]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2006|2006]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2008|2008]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|RSA}}</img> [[Gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2010|2010]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|EQG}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2012|2012]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|NAM}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka ta 2014|2014]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CMR}}</img> [[2016 Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka|2016]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|GHA}}</img> [[Gasar Cin Kofin Mata Na Afirka 2018|2018]] | colspan="8" | ''Bai Cancanta ba'' | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[2020 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2020]] | colspan="14" | ''An soke saboda covid'' |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[2022 Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka|2022]] | colspan="14" | ''Bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! 2 ! 0 ! 1 ! 1 ! 1 ! 3 |- |} === Rikodin Wasannin Afirka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="9" |Gasar wasannin karshe na Afirka ! colspan="6" | Wasannin Afirka<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> cancanta |- ! style="width:90px;" | Shekara ! style="width:80px;" | Sakamako ! style="width:80px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|Pld|Games played}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|W|Won}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|D|Drawn}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|L|Lost}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GF|Goals for}} ! style="width:20px;" | {{Abbr|GA|Goals against}} |- |{{Flagicon|NGA}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2003 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2003]] | colspan="8" rowspan="4" | ''Ban Shiga ba'' | colspan="6" | ''Babu Tsarin cancanta'' |- |{{Flagicon|ALG}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2007 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2007]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MOZ}}</img> [[Kwallon kafa a 2011 All-Africa Games – Gasar mata|2011]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|CGO}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2015 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2015]] | - | - | - | - | - | - |- |{{Flagicon|MAR}}</img> [[Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a 2019 Wasannin Afirka – Gasar Mata|2019]] | colspan="14" | ''bai cancanta ba'' |- ! Jimlar ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - ! - |- |} == Duba kuma ==   == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == hvu1riuilrtx5u05ufnz3dp9a2bj387 0 33650 547511 314036 2024-11-28T12:23:01Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata ta''' Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] a wasannin kasa da kasa. Hukumar ta Fédération Centrafricaine de Kwando ce ke gudanar da ita. <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html Profile - Central African Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720130911/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html |date=2017-07-20 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> == FIBA gasar cin kofin Afrika == * 1966 - Wuri na 3 * 1974 - Wuri na 6 * 1977 - Wuri na 9 * 2017 - Wuri na 12 == Duba kuma == * [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Mata ta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta Kasa da Shekaru 18|Tawagar kwallon kwando ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] * Tawagar kwallon kwando ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya * Tawagar mata ta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya 3x3 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.fiba.basketball/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html FIBA profile] * [http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/tid/259/_//teams.html An adana bayanan] shiga tawagar Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya hvi7j7fszam2mfwlqefvmryrfbosz34 547512 547511 2024-11-28T12:23:14Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata ta''' Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka tana wakiltar [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] a wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa. Hukumar ta Fédération Centrafricaine de Kwando ce ke gudanar da ita. <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html Profile - Central African Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720130911/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html |date=2017-07-20 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> == FIBA gasar cin kofin Afrika == * 1966 - Wuri na 3 * 1974 - Wuri na 6 * 1977 - Wuri na 9 * 2017 - Wuri na 12 == Duba kuma == * [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Mata ta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta Kasa da Shekaru 18|Tawagar kwallon kwando ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] * Tawagar kwallon kwando ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya * Tawagar mata ta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya 3x3 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.fiba.basketball/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/259/nfProf.html FIBA profile] * [http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/tid/259/_//teams.html An adana bayanan] shiga tawagar Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya 0s939wfp7cirh6jswrqg57jgdg64h7h 0 33725 547514 545634 2024-11-28T12:24:06Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Lesle Gallimore.png|thumb|kocin Morocco ta mata]] [[Fayil:Spain vs Morocco (29).jpg|thumb|a wasan sipaniya da Morocco ta mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasar''' Maroko, ita ce ƙungiyar da take wakiltar ƙasar [[Moroko|Maroko]] a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma hukumar kula da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Royal Moroccan ce ke kula da ita. Tawagar ta buga wasanta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 1998, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa na mata na Afirka na uku. == Tarihi == Bayan da aka yi tattaki bayan ficewar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kenya|Kenya]] daga gasar a shekarar 1998, ƙungiyar ta kai wasan ƙarshe a Najeriya, inda ta yi rashin nasara da ci 0-8 a hannun mai masaukin baki kafin ta doke Masar da ci 4-1. Morocco ta hadu da takwarorinsu na gasar kwallon kafa ta [[mata]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta DR Congo|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a wasan karshe na rukuni, inda ƙungiyoyin biyu suka samu damar tsallakewa zuwa matakin kusa da na karshe da nasara. Sai dai kuma wasan da aka tashi 0-0 ne ya fitar da Morocco daga waje, yayin da Kongo ta samu nasarar tsallakewa da maki mai kyau. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Morocco ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika a Afirka ta Kudu da ci 6-1 a jimillar nasara a kan Aljeriya . Sai dai bayan da kungiyar ta zura kwallo ta farko a ragar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kamaru|Kamaru]] a wasan farko na rukuni, inda aka zura mata kwallaye 13, sannan ta yi rashin nasara a dukkan wasannin ukun da ta buga, sannan kuma ta zo ta karshe a rukunin. Kamfen ɗin su na shekarun 2002 da 2006 dukkansu Mali ta dakatar da su a matakin cancantar. Morocco ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu na neman tikitin shiga gasar, amma sau biyu babu ci a [[Bamako]] da [[Rabat]] suka tashi kunnen doki a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida inda Mali ta ci 5-4. A cikin shekarar 2004, Maroko ba ta shiga ba, yayin da jumullar 1-6 ta sha kashi a hannun Mali ta fitar da su daga gasar cin kofin Afrika na shekarar 2006 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2007 . == Hoton kungiya == === Kits da crest === ==== Masu ba da kaya ==== {| class="wikitable" !Mai bada kayan aiki ! Lokaci ! {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |- |{{Flagicon|GER}}</img> '''[[Puma (alama)|Puma]]''' | Yanzu | |} == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci |{{Flagicon|FRA}}</img> [[Reynald Pedros ne]] | |- |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kelly Lindsey]] (20??–20??) * {{Flagicon|FRA}} '''[[Reynald Pedros ne|Reynald Pedros]]''' (2020–) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === {| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders " style="font-size:100%; width: 98%" ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Number</nowiki&gt;">No.</abbr> ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Position</nowiki&gt;">Pos.</abbr> ! scope="col" |Player ! scope="col" |Date of birth (age) ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Caps ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Goals ! scope="col" |Club |- class="nat-fs-player" |1 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Er-Rmichi, Khadija"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Khadija Er-Rmichi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-09-16</span>)</span> 16 September 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |22 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hesnaoui, Hind"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hind Hesnaoui]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1996-09-13</span>)</span> 13 September 1996<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;25)</span> |1 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |12 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Zouhair, Assia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Assia Zouhair]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-04-30</span>)</span> 30 April 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[Chabab Atlas Khénifra|CAK]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Abdelahad, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Abdelahad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-07-21</span>)</span> 21 July 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> Sporting Casablanca |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Redouani, Zineb"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Zineb Redouani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-06-12</span>)</span> 12 June 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |4 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Boukhami, Siham"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Siham Boukhami]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-02-01</span>)</span> 1 February 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;30)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="El Chad, Nesryne"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Nesryne El Chad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2003-03-13</span>)</span> 13 March 2003<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;19)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS Saint-Étienne (women)|Saint-Étienne]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |15 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chhiri, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chhiri]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-09-11</span>)</span> 11 September 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Seghir, Sabah"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sabah Seghir]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-09-27</span>)</span> 27 September 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;21)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Italy.svg|link=Italian_Football_Federation|alt=Italy|border|23x23px]]</span> [[U.C. Sampdoria (women)|Sampdoria]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |14 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Rabbah, Aziza"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Aziza Rabbah]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1986-07-04</span>)</span> 4 July 1986<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;35)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |17 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Allice, Éva"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Éva Allice]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-01-02</span>)</span> 2 January 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Nantes|Nantes]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Bouftini, Sofia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sofia Bouftini]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |20 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Saoud, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Saoud]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-06-06</span>)</span> 6 June 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |1 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg|link=Swiss_Football_Association|alt=Switzerland|border|16x16px]]</span> [[FC Basel Frauen|Basel]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |3 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Dahmos, Fatima Zahra"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Zahra Dahmos]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-08-05</span>)</span> 5 August 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |10 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Badri, Najat"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Najat Badri]]</span></span></span> <small>''([[Captain (association football)|captain]])''</small> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1988-05-19</span>)</span> 19 May 1988<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;34)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Amani, Salma"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Salma Amani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-11-28</span>)</span> 28 November 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[US Saint-Malo|Saint-Malo]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |8 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mrabet, Yasmin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Yasmin Mrabet]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-08-08</span>)</span> 8 August 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Spain.svg|link=Royal_Spanish_Football_Federation|alt=Spain|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Levante Las Planas|Levante Las Planas]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chebbak, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chebbak]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-02-19</span>)</span> 19 February 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |16 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hassani, Samya"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Samya Hassani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-01-03</span>)</span> 3 January 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg|link=Royal_Belgian_Football_Association|alt=Belgium|border|23x23px]]</span> [[K.A.A. Gent (women)|Gent]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |18 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mssoudy, Sanaâ"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sanaâ Mssoudy]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-12-30</span>)</span> 30 December 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |9 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Jraïdi, Ibtissam"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ibtissam Jraïdi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-12-09</span>)</span> 9 December 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Aït El Haj, Hanane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hanane Aït El Haj]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-11-02</span>)</span> 2 November 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Tagnaout, Fatima"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Tagnaout]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-01-20</span>)</span> 20 January 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;23)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[ASFAR (football club)|ASFAR]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | | ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mourtaji , Chaymaa"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Chaymaa Mourtaji]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" | |} === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasan da ke zuwa cikin tawagar a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a Maroko ** Kwallon kafa a Morocco *** Kwallon kafa na mata a Morocco * Muhimmancin al'adu na zaki Atlas * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco A * Tawagar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 20 * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Maroko * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 17 === Sauran lambobin ƙwallon ƙafa === * Tawagar futsal ta kasar Morocco * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta bakin teku ta ƙasar Maroko == Manazarta == '''Bayanan kula'''   '''ambato''' {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.frmf.ma/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] kawai {{In lang|ar|fr}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071125204430/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=mar/ Bayanin Morocco a FIFA.com] k11d10fs8chilhxyxgvua4wlyhdvwal 547515 547514 2024-11-28T12:24:20Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Lesle Gallimore.png|thumb|kocin Morocco ta mata]] [[Fayil:Spain vs Morocco (29).jpg|thumb|a wasan sipaniya da Morocco ta mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasar''' Maroko, ita ce ƙungiyar da take wakiltar ƙasar [[Moroko|Maroko]] a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma hukumar kula da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Royal Moroccan ce ke kula da ita. Tawagar ta buga wasanta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 1998, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa na mata na Afirka na uku. == Tarihi == Bayan da aka yi tattaki bayan ficewar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kenya|Kenya]] daga gasar a shekarar 1998, ƙungiyar ta kai wasan ƙarshe a Najeriya, inda ta yi rashin nasara da ci 0-8 a hannun mai masaukin baki kafin ta doke Masar da ci 4-1. Morocco ta hadu da takwarorinsu na gasar kwallon kafa ta [[mata]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta DR Congo|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a wasan karshe na rukuni, inda ƙungiyoyin biyu suka samu damar tsallakewa zuwa matakin kusa da na karshe da nasara. Sai dai kuma wasan da aka tashi 0-0 ne ya fitar da Morocco daga waje, yayin da Kongo ta samu nasarar tsallakewa da maki mai kyau. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Morocco ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika a Afirka ta Kudu da ci 6-1 a jimillar nasara a kan Aljeriya . Sai dai bayan da Ƙungiyar ta zura kwallo ta farko a ragar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kamaru|Kamaru]] a wasan farko na rukuni, inda aka zura mata kwallaye 13, sannan ta yi rashin nasara a dukkan wasannin ukun da ta buga, sannan kuma ta zo ta karshe a rukunin. Kamfen ɗin su na shekarun 2002 da 2006 dukkansu Mali ta dakatar da su a matakin cancantar. Morocco ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu na neman tikitin shiga gasar, amma sau biyu babu ci a [[Bamako]] da [[Rabat]] suka tashi kunnen doki a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida inda Mali ta ci 5-4. A cikin shekarar 2004, Maroko ba ta shiga ba, yayin da jumullar 1-6 ta sha kashi a hannun Mali ta fitar da su daga gasar cin kofin Afrika na shekarar 2006 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2007 . == Hoton kungiya == === Kits da crest === ==== Masu ba da kaya ==== {| class="wikitable" !Mai bada kayan aiki ! Lokaci ! {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |- |{{Flagicon|GER}}</img> '''[[Puma (alama)|Puma]]''' | Yanzu | |} == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci |{{Flagicon|FRA}}</img> [[Reynald Pedros ne]] | |- |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kelly Lindsey]] (20??–20??) * {{Flagicon|FRA}} '''[[Reynald Pedros ne|Reynald Pedros]]''' (2020–) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === {| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders " style="font-size:100%; width: 98%" ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Number</nowiki&gt;">No.</abbr> ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Position</nowiki&gt;">Pos.</abbr> ! scope="col" |Player ! scope="col" |Date of birth (age) ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Caps ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Goals ! scope="col" |Club |- class="nat-fs-player" |1 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Er-Rmichi, Khadija"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Khadija Er-Rmichi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-09-16</span>)</span> 16 September 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |22 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hesnaoui, Hind"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hind Hesnaoui]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1996-09-13</span>)</span> 13 September 1996<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;25)</span> |1 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |12 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Zouhair, Assia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Assia Zouhair]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-04-30</span>)</span> 30 April 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[Chabab Atlas Khénifra|CAK]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Abdelahad, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Abdelahad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-07-21</span>)</span> 21 July 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> Sporting Casablanca |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Redouani, Zineb"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Zineb Redouani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-06-12</span>)</span> 12 June 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |4 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Boukhami, Siham"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Siham Boukhami]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-02-01</span>)</span> 1 February 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;30)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="El Chad, Nesryne"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Nesryne El Chad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2003-03-13</span>)</span> 13 March 2003<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;19)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS Saint-Étienne (women)|Saint-Étienne]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |15 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chhiri, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chhiri]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-09-11</span>)</span> 11 September 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Seghir, Sabah"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sabah Seghir]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-09-27</span>)</span> 27 September 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;21)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Italy.svg|link=Italian_Football_Federation|alt=Italy|border|23x23px]]</span> [[U.C. Sampdoria (women)|Sampdoria]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |14 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Rabbah, Aziza"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Aziza Rabbah]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1986-07-04</span>)</span> 4 July 1986<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;35)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |17 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Allice, Éva"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Éva Allice]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-01-02</span>)</span> 2 January 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Nantes|Nantes]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Bouftini, Sofia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sofia Bouftini]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |20 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Saoud, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Saoud]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-06-06</span>)</span> 6 June 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |1 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg|link=Swiss_Football_Association|alt=Switzerland|border|16x16px]]</span> [[FC Basel Frauen|Basel]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |3 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Dahmos, Fatima Zahra"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Zahra Dahmos]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-08-05</span>)</span> 5 August 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |10 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Badri, Najat"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Najat Badri]]</span></span></span> <small>''([[Captain (association football)|captain]])''</small> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1988-05-19</span>)</span> 19 May 1988<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;34)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Amani, Salma"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Salma Amani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-11-28</span>)</span> 28 November 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[US Saint-Malo|Saint-Malo]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |8 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mrabet, Yasmin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Yasmin Mrabet]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-08-08</span>)</span> 8 August 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Spain.svg|link=Royal_Spanish_Football_Federation|alt=Spain|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Levante Las Planas|Levante Las Planas]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chebbak, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chebbak]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-02-19</span>)</span> 19 February 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |16 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hassani, Samya"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Samya Hassani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-01-03</span>)</span> 3 January 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg|link=Royal_Belgian_Football_Association|alt=Belgium|border|23x23px]]</span> [[K.A.A. Gent (women)|Gent]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |18 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mssoudy, Sanaâ"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sanaâ Mssoudy]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-12-30</span>)</span> 30 December 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |9 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Jraïdi, Ibtissam"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ibtissam Jraïdi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-12-09</span>)</span> 9 December 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Aït El Haj, Hanane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hanane Aït El Haj]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-11-02</span>)</span> 2 November 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Tagnaout, Fatima"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Tagnaout]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-01-20</span>)</span> 20 January 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;23)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[ASFAR (football club)|ASFAR]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | | ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mourtaji , Chaymaa"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Chaymaa Mourtaji]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" | |} === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasan da ke zuwa cikin tawagar a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a Maroko ** Kwallon kafa a Morocco *** Kwallon kafa na mata a Morocco * Muhimmancin al'adu na zaki Atlas * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco A * Tawagar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 20 * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Maroko * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 17 === Sauran lambobin ƙwallon ƙafa === * Tawagar futsal ta kasar Morocco * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta bakin teku ta ƙasar Maroko == Manazarta == '''Bayanan kula'''   '''ambato''' {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.frmf.ma/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] kawai {{In lang|ar|fr}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071125204430/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=mar/ Bayanin Morocco a FIFA.com] c0et2fu2vi5d0msf276u26f57hwv3oh 547516 547515 2024-11-28T12:24:33Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Lesle Gallimore.png|thumb|kocin Morocco ta mata]] [[Fayil:Spain vs Morocco (29).jpg|thumb|a wasan sipaniya da Morocco ta mata]] '''Ƙungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasar''' Maroko, ita ce ƙungiyar da take wakiltar ƙasar [[Moroko|Maroko]] a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma hukumar kula da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Royal Moroccan ce ke kula da ita. Tawagar ta buga wasanta na farko na ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 1998, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa na mata na Afirka na uku. == Tarihi == Bayan da aka yi tattaki bayan ficewar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kenya|Kenya]] daga gasar a shekarar 1998, ƙungiyar ta kai wasan ƙarshe a Najeriya, inda ta yi rashin nasara da ci 0-8 a hannun mai masaukin baki kafin ta doke Masar da ci 4-1. Morocco ta hadu da takwarorinsu na gasar kwallon kafa ta [[mata]] a [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta DR Congo|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]] a wasan karshe na rukuni, inda ƙungiyoyin biyu suka samu damar tsallakewa zuwa matakin kusa da na karshe da nasara. Sai dai kuma wasan da aka tashi 0-0 ne ya fitar da Morocco daga waje, yayin da Kongo ta samu nasarar tsallakewa da maki mai kyau. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Morocco ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika a Afirka ta Kudu da ci 6-1 a jimillar nasara a kan Aljeriya . Sai dai bayan da Ƙungiyar ta zura kwallo ta farko a ragar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kamaru|Kamaru]] a wasan farko na rukuni, inda aka zura mata kwallaye 13, sannan ta yi rashin nasara a dukkan wasannin ukun da ta buga, sannan kuma ta zo ta ƙarshe a rukunin. Kamfen ɗin su na shekarun 2002 da 2006 dukkansu Mali ta dakatar da su a matakin cancantar. Morocco ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu na neman tikitin shiga gasar, amma sau biyu babu ci a [[Bamako]] da [[Rabat]] suka tashi kunnen doki a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida inda Mali ta ci 5-4. A cikin shekarar 2004, Maroko ba ta shiga ba, yayin da jumullar 1-6 ta sha kashi a hannun Mali ta fitar da su daga gasar cin kofin Afrika na shekarar 2006 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2007 . == Hoton kungiya == === Kits da crest === ==== Masu ba da kaya ==== {| class="wikitable" !Mai bada kayan aiki ! Lokaci ! {{Abbr|Ref|References}} |- |{{Flagicon|GER}}</img> '''[[Puma (alama)|Puma]]''' | Yanzu | |} == Ma'aikatan koyarwa == === Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu === {| class="wikitable" !Matsayi ! Suna ! Ref. |- | Shugaban koci |{{Flagicon|FRA}}</img> [[Reynald Pedros ne]] | |- |} === Tarihin gudanarwa === * {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kelly Lindsey]] (20??–20??) * {{Flagicon|FRA}} '''[[Reynald Pedros ne|Reynald Pedros]]''' (2020–) == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar ta yanzu === {| class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders " style="font-size:100%; width: 98%" ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Number</nowiki&gt;">No.</abbr> ! scope="col" style="width:4%" |<abbr title="<nowiki&gt;Position</nowiki&gt;">Pos.</abbr> ! scope="col" |Player ! scope="col" |Date of birth (age) ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Caps ! scope="col" style="width:8%" |Goals ! scope="col" |Club |- class="nat-fs-player" |1 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Er-Rmichi, Khadija"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Khadija Er-Rmichi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-09-16</span>)</span> 16 September 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |22 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hesnaoui, Hind"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hind Hesnaoui]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1996-09-13</span>)</span> 13 September 1996<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;25)</span> |1 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |12 |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Zouhair, Assia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Assia Zouhair]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-04-30</span>)</span> 30 April 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[Chabab Atlas Khénifra|CAK]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">1</span>[[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Abdelahad, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Abdelahad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-07-21</span>)</span> 21 July 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> Sporting Casablanca |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Redouani, Zineb"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Zineb Redouani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-06-12</span>)</span> 12 June 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |4 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Boukhami, Siham"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Siham Boukhami]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-02-01</span>)</span> 1 February 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;30)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="El Chad, Nesryne"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Nesryne El Chad]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2003-03-13</span>)</span> 13 March 2003<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;19)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS Saint-Étienne (women)|Saint-Étienne]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |15 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chhiri, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chhiri]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-09-11</span>)</span> 11 September 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Seghir, Sabah"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sabah Seghir]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-09-27</span>)</span> 27 September 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;21)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Italy.svg|link=Italian_Football_Federation|alt=Italy|border|23x23px]]</span> [[U.C. Sampdoria (women)|Sampdoria]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |14 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Rabbah, Aziza"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Aziza Rabbah]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1986-07-04</span>)</span> 4 July 1986<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;35)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |17 |<span style="display:none">2</span>[[Defender (association football)|DF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Allice, Éva"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Éva Allice]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-01-02</span>)</span> 2 January 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Nantes|Nantes]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Bouftini, Sofia"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sofia Bouftini]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |20 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Saoud, Imane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Imane Saoud]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2002-06-06</span>)</span> 6 June 2002<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;20)</span> |2 |1 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg|link=Swiss_Football_Association|alt=Switzerland|border|16x16px]]</span> [[FC Basel Frauen|Basel]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |3 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Dahmos, Fatima Zahra"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Zahra Dahmos]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-08-05</span>)</span> 5 August 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |10 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Badri, Najat"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Najat Badri]]</span></span></span> <small>''([[Captain (association football)|captain]])''</small> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1988-05-19</span>)</span> 19 May 1988<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;34)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Amani, Salma"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Salma Amani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1989-11-28</span>)</span> 28 November 1989<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;32)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_France.svg|link=French_Football_Federation|alt=France|border|23x23px]]</span> [[US Saint-Malo|Saint-Malo]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |8 |<span style="display:none">3</span>[[Midfielder|MF]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mrabet, Yasmin"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Yasmin Mrabet]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-08-08</span>)</span> 8 August 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Spain.svg|link=Royal_Spanish_Football_Federation|alt=Spain|border|23x23px]]</span> [[FC Levante Las Planas|Levante Las Planas]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Chebbak, Ghizlane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ghizlane Chebbak]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1991-02-19</span>)</span> 19 February 1991<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;31)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |16 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Hassani, Samya"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Samya Hassani]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">2000-01-03</span>)</span> 3 January 2000<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> |2 |0 | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg|link=Royal_Belgian_Football_Association|alt=Belgium|border|23x23px]]</span> [[K.A.A. Gent (women)|Gent]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |18 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mssoudy, Sanaâ"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Sanaâ Mssoudy]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-12-30</span>)</span> 30 December 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;22)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" |9 |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Jraïdi, Ibtissam"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Ibtissam Jraïdi]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1992-12-09</span>)</span> 9 December 1992<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;29)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Aït El Haj, Hanane"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Hanane Aït El Haj]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1994-11-02</span>)</span> 2 November 1994<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;27)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[AS FAR (women)|ASFAR]] |- class="nat-fs-player" | |<span style="display:none">4</span>[[Forward (association football)|FW]] ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Tagnaout, Fatima"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Fatima Tagnaout]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1999-01-20</span>)</span> 20 January 1999<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age&nbsp;23)</span> | | | style="text-align:left" |<span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg|link=Royal_Moroccan_Football_Federation|alt=Morocco|border|23x23px]]</span> [[ASFAR (football club)|ASFAR]] |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="7" style="border:0;opacity:.75" | ---- |- class="nat-fs-player" | | ! scope="row" |<span data-sort-value="Mourtaji , Chaymaa"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn">[[Chaymaa Mourtaji]]</span></span></span> | style="text-align:left" | | | | style="text-align:left" | |} === Kiran baya-bayan nan === An gayyaci 'yan wasan da ke zuwa cikin tawagar a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.   == Duba kuma ==   * Wasanni a Maroko ** Kwallon kafa a Morocco *** Kwallon kafa na mata a Morocco * Muhimmancin al'adu na zaki Atlas * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco A * Tawagar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 20 * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Maroko * Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasar Maroko ta kasa da shekaru 17 === Sauran lambobin ƙwallon ƙafa === * Tawagar futsal ta kasar Morocco * Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta bakin teku ta ƙasar Maroko == Manazarta == '''Bayanan kula'''   '''ambato''' {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.frmf.ma/ Gidan yanar gizon hukuma] kawai {{In lang|ar|fr}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071125204430/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=mar/ Bayanin Morocco a FIFA.com] 318r3uoped5cxdmqv84gc9vvcakwr3o 0 33762 547504 314050 2024-11-28T12:21:31Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya 'yan kasa da shekaru 18, kungiyar''' kwallon kwando ce ta [[Libya|kasar Libya]], karkashin hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kwando ta Larabawa ta Libya . <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html Profile - Libya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722031912/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html |date=2017-07-22 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 22 January 2016.</ref> Tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa da ƙasa (ƙasa da shekaru 18). Fitowarta ta karshe ita ce a matakin cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika na 'yan kasa da shekara 18 ta FIBA ta 2014 . == Duba kuma == * [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Libya|Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQAe_WcUCU4 Libya v Guinea - Cikakken Wasan FIBA U18 African Championship 2018] Youtube.com video 7nzs6kb8x3l1mw33wn9nku80d763t9p 547506 547504 2024-11-28T12:21:47Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya 'yan kasa da shekaru 18, Ƙungiyar''' kwallon kwando ce ta [[Libya|kasar Libya]], karkashin hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kwando ta Larabawa ta Libya . <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html Profile - Libya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722031912/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html |date=2017-07-22 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 22 January 2016.</ref> Tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa da ƙasa (ƙasa da shekaru 18). Fitowarta ta karshe ita ce a matakin cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika na 'yan kasa da shekara 18 ta FIBA ta 2014 . == Duba kuma == * [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Libya|Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQAe_WcUCU4 Libya v Guinea - Cikakken Wasan FIBA U18 African Championship 2018] Youtube.com video em6scgb3yp4cl7lszu83fgg7b2dgwcu 547507 547506 2024-11-28T12:21:59Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya 'yan kasa da shekaru 18, Ƙungiyar''' kwallon kwando ce ta [[Libya|kasar Libya]], karkashin hukumar kula da wasan kwallon kwando ta Larabawa ta Libya . <ref>[http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html Profile - Libya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722031912/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/319/nfProf.html |date=2017-07-22 }}, FIBA.com, Retrieved 22 January 2016.</ref> Tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa da ƙasa (ƙasa da shekaru 18). Fitowarta ta karshe ita ce a matakin cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika na 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta FIBA ta 2014 . == Duba kuma == * [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Libya|Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Libya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQAe_WcUCU4 Libya v Guinea - Cikakken Wasan FIBA U18 African Championship 2018] Youtube.com video dbc34tnaczrlnvuq2x50ikl77e4m4x7 0 33777 547497 271446 2024-11-28T12:19:21Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon hannu ta Aljeriya,''' ita ce tawagar kwallon hannu ta [[Aljeriya|kasar Aljeriya]] kuma hukumar kula da wasan kwallon hannu ta Aljeriya ce ke sarrafa ta . == Tarihi == Algeria ta zama babbar kasa ta kwallon hannu tun a shekarun 1970 lokacin da ta samu lambar zinare sau biyu a gasar cin kofin Afirka a shekarar 1973 da kuma 1978. A farkon shekarun 1980 ne aka fara mamayar Aljeriya a wasan kwallon hannu na Afirka lokacin da ta lashe kofunan Afirka biyar a jere daga shekarar 1981 zuwa 1989. Algeria ta halarci gasar kwallon hannu ta duniya sau 14, a gasar Olympics har sau 4. Aziz Derouaz, kocin tawagar Aljeriya a shekarun 1980 shi ne mutumin da ya kirkiri salon '''kare''' kai da aikata ta a karon farko a gasar kwallon hannu ta duniya a shekarar 1982 . Manyan 'yan wasa da dama sun kafa tarihi a wasan kwallon hannu na Aljeriya kamar su Abdelkrim Bendjemil, Omar Azeb, Brahim Boudrali, Abdelkrim Hammiche, Mustapha Doballah, Abdeslam Benmaghsoula, Sofiane Elimam, Rédouane Aouachria, Djaffar Belhoucine, Mahmoud Bouanik, Abdeldjalil Bouedanil, da Salim . == Rikodin gasa == {{Col-begin}} {{Col-2}} ===World Championship=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER|Nazi}} [[1938 World Men's Handball Championship|1938]]||colspan=9 rowspan=4|''Did not enter'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1954 World Men's Handball Championship|1954]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|East Germany}} [[1958 World Men's Handball Championship|1958]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[1961 World Men's Handball Championship|1961]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CZE}} [[1964 World Men's Handball Championship|1964]]||colspan=9 rowspan=3|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1967 World Men's Handball Championship|1967]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[1970 World Men's Handball Championship|1970]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|East Germany}} [[1974 World Men's Handball Championship|1974]]||Preliminary Round||15||3||0||0||3||38||88||−50 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEN}} [[1978 World Men's Handball Championship|1978]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[1982 World Men's Handball Championship|1982]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||1||5||112||145||−33 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SUI}} [[1986 World Men's Handball Championship|1986]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||0||6||119||151||−32 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CZE}} [[1990 World Men's Handball Championship|1990]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||1||5||113||128||−15 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1993 World Men's Handball Championship|1993]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ISL}} [[1995 World Men's Handball Championship|1995]]||Round of 16||16||7||2||0||5||146||174||−28 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|JPN}} [[1997 World Men's Handball Championship|1997]]||Preliminary Round||17||5||1||2||2||103||112||−9 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[1999 World Men's Handball Championship|1999]]||Round of 16||15||6||1||1||4||123||148||−25 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[2001 World Men's Handball Championship|2001]]||Round of 16||13||6||2||1||3||128||126||+2 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|POR}} [[2003 World Men's Handball Championship|2003]]||Preliminary round||18||5||0||2||3||119||136||−17 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2005 World Men's Handball Championship|2005]]||Preliminary round||17||5||1||1||3||138||153||−15 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER}} [[2007 World Men's Handball Championship|2007]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CRO}} [[2009 World Men's Handball Championship|2009]]||Preliminary round||19||9||4||0||5||235||272||−37 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[2011 World Men's Handball Championship|2011]]||Preliminary round||15||7||3||0||4||153||162||−9 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[2013 World Men's Handball Championship|2013]]||Preliminary round||17||7||3||1||3||180||173||+7 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|QAT}} [[2015 World Men's Handball Championship|2015]]||Preliminary round||24||7||0||0||7||162||218||−56 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[2017 World Men's Handball Championship|2017]]||colspan=9 rowspan=2|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEN}} {{Flagicon|GER}} [[2019 World Men's Handball Championship|2019]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2021 World Men's Handball Championship|2021]]||Main Round||22||6||1||0||5||140||180||−40 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|POL}} {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[2023 World Men's Handball Championship|2023]]||colspan=9 rowspan=3|''TBD'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CRO}} {{Flagicon|DEN}} {{Flagicon|NOR}} [[2025 World Men's Handball Championship|2025]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER}} [[2027 World Men's Handball Championship|2027]] |- !Total||15/27||0 Titles||85||17||10||58||1869||2186||−317 |} {{Col-2}} ===Olympic Games=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Games !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEU|Nazi}} [[Handball at the 1936 Summer Olympics|1936 Berlin]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- |colspan="10"|''Not held from 1948 to 1968'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[Handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972 Munich]] |colspan="9" rowspan="2"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CAN}} [[Handball at the 1976 Summer Olympics|1976 Montreal]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|URS|1955}} [[Handball at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980 Moscow]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||1||0||5||114||152||−38 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Handball at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984 Los Angeles]] |Match for 11th place||12th of 12||6||0||0||6||96||130||−34 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|KOR}} [[Handball at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988 Seoul]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||1||0||5||104||130||−26 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Handball at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|1992 Barcelona]] |colspan="9"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Handball at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|1996 Atlanta]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||0||1||5||121||144||−23 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|AUS}} [[Handball at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2000 Sydney]] |colspan="9" rowspan="6"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GRE}} [[Handball at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2004 Athens]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CHN}} [[Handball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2008 Beijing]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GBR}} [[Handball at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2012 London]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|BRA}} [[Handball at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|JPN}} [[Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]] |- !Total||4/13||0 Titles||24||2||1||21||435||556||−121 |} {{Col-end}}{{Col-begin}} {{Col-2}} ===African Championship=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1974 African Men's Handball Championship|1974]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:silver;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[1976 African Men's Handball Championship|1976]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|CGO|1970}} [[1979 African Men's Handball Championship|1979]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1981 African Men's Handball Championship|1981]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|EGY|1972}} [[1983 African Men's Handball Championship|1983]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1985 African Men's Handball Championship|1985]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[1987 African Men's Handball Championship|1987]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[1989 African Men's Handball Championship|1989]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[1991 African Men's Handball Championship|1991]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|CIV}} [[1992 African Men's Handball Championship|1992]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1994 African Men's Handball Championship|1994]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|BEN}} [[1996 African Men's Handball Championship|1996]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||6||0||0||140||96||+44 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|RSA}} [[1998 African Men's Handball Championship|1998]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||4||0||2||173||113||+60 |- style="background:silver;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[2000 African Men's Handball Championship|2000]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||5||0||1||140||72||+68 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[2002 African Men's Handball Championship|2002]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||5||4||0||1||124||103||+21 |- style="background:#9acdff;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2004 African Men's Handball Championship|2004]]||Fourth place||4||6||3||0||3||188||145||+43 |- |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2006 African Men's Handball Championship|2006]]||Fifth place||5||6||3||0||3||156||136||+20 |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|ANG}} [[2008 African Men's Handball Championship|2008]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||5||3||0||2||123||126||−3 |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2010 African Men's Handball Championship|2010]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||7||5||1||1||101||88||+13 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[2012 African Men's Handball Championship|2012]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||8||6||1||1||228||182||+46 |- style="background:gold;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[2014 African Men's Handball Championship|2014]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]||8||8||0||0||240||166||+74 |- style="background:#9acdff;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2016 African Men's Handball Championship|2016]]||Fourth place||4||8||5||0||3||216||194||+22 |- |{{Flagicon|GAB}} [[2018 African Men's Handball Championship|2018]]||Sixth place||6||7||3||1||3||193||182||+11 |-style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2020 African Men's Handball Championship|2020]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||7||5||0||2||204||170||+34 |- |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2022 African Men's Handball Championship|2022]]||colspan="9"|''Qualified'' |- |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2024 African Men's Handball Championship|2024]]||colspan="9"|''To be determined'' |- !Total||24/25||7 Titles|| || || || || || || |} {{Col-2}} ===African Games=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Games !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CGO}} [[Handball at the 1965 All-Africa Games|1965 Brazzaville]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[Handball at the 1973 All-Africa Games|1973 Lagos]] |Champions||1st of 8||7||6||0||1||107||93||+14 |- style="background:gold;" |align="left" style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[Handball at the 1978 All-Africa Games|1978 Algiers]] |Champions||1st of 6||4||4||0||0||96||58||+38 |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|KEN}} [[Handball at the 1987 All-Africa Games|1987 Nairobi]] |Champions||1st of 8||5||5||0||0|| || || |- style="background:silver;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Handball at the 1991 All-Africa Games|1991 Cairo]] |Runners-up||2nd of 8|| || || || || || || |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ZIM}} [[Handball at the 1995 All-Africa Games|1995 Harare]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|RSA}} [[Handball at the 1999 All-Africa Games|1999 Johannesburg]] |Champions||1st of 4||6||5||0||1||181||102||+79 |- style="background:silver;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[Handball at the 2003 All-Africa Games|2003 Abuja]] |Runners-up||2nd of 8||5||4||0||1||142||105||+37 |- style="background:silver;" |align="left" style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[Handball at the 2007 All-Africa Games|2007 Algiers]] |Runners-up||2nd of 7||5||3||0||2||129||124||+5 |- style="background:#c96;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|MOZ}} [[Handball at the 2011 All-Africa Games|2011 Maputo]] |Third place||3rd of 12||5||3||0||2||134||112||+22 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CGO}} [[Handball at the 2015 African Games|2015 Brazzaville]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[Handball at the 2019 African Games|2019 Rabat]] |Fourth place||4th of 9||7||3||2||2||179||177||+2 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GHA}} [[Handball at the 2023 African Games|2023 Accra]] |colspan="9"|To be determined |- !Total||8/11||4 Titles|| || || || || || || |} {{Col-end}} == Crest == <gallery class="center"> File:Algeria national handball team.png|Tsohuwar tambari </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.ihf.info/member-federations/algeria/4105 Bayanan Bayani na IHF] 6ay56nfo6q6jdgo02ezee3cwo8o79u7 547499 547497 2024-11-28T12:19:38Z Ummun Sultan 23935 547499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar kwallon hannu ta Aljeriya,''' ita ce tawagar kwallon hannu ta [[Aljeriya|kasar Aljeriya]] kuma hukumar kula da wasan kwallon hannu ta Aljeriya ce ke sarrafa ta . == Tarihi == Algeria ta zama babbar ƙasa ta kwallon hannu tun a shekarun 1970 lokacin da ta samu lambar zinare sau biyu a gasar cin kofin Afirka a shekarar 1973 da kuma 1978. A farkon shekarun 1980 ne aka fara mamayar Aljeriya a wasan kwallon hannu na Afirka lokacin da ta lashe kofunan Afirka biyar a jere daga shekarar 1981 zuwa 1989. Algeria ta halarci gasar kwallon hannu ta duniya sau 14, a gasar Olympics har sau 4. Aziz Derouaz, kocin tawagar Aljeriya a shekarun 1980 shi ne mutumin da ya kirkiri salon '''kare''' kai da aikata ta a karon farko a gasar kwallon hannu ta duniya a shekarar 1982 . Manyan 'yan wasa da dama sun kafa tarihi a wasan kwallon hannu na Aljeriya kamar su Abdelkrim Bendjemil, Omar Azeb, Brahim Boudrali, Abdelkrim Hammiche, Mustapha Doballah, Abdeslam Benmaghsoula, Sofiane Elimam, Rédouane Aouachria, Djaffar Belhoucine, Mahmoud Bouanik, Abdeldjalil Bouedanil, da Salim . == Rikodin gasa == {{Col-begin}} {{Col-2}} ===World Championship=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER|Nazi}} [[1938 World Men's Handball Championship|1938]]||colspan=9 rowspan=4|''Did not enter'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1954 World Men's Handball Championship|1954]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|East Germany}} [[1958 World Men's Handball Championship|1958]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[1961 World Men's Handball Championship|1961]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CZE}} [[1964 World Men's Handball Championship|1964]]||colspan=9 rowspan=3|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1967 World Men's Handball Championship|1967]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[1970 World Men's Handball Championship|1970]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|East Germany}} [[1974 World Men's Handball Championship|1974]]||Preliminary Round||15||3||0||0||3||38||88||−50 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEN}} [[1978 World Men's Handball Championship|1978]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[1982 World Men's Handball Championship|1982]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||1||5||112||145||−33 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SUI}} [[1986 World Men's Handball Championship|1986]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||0||6||119||151||−32 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CZE}} [[1990 World Men's Handball Championship|1990]]||Preliminary Round||16||6||0||1||5||113||128||−15 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[1993 World Men's Handball Championship|1993]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ISL}} [[1995 World Men's Handball Championship|1995]]||Round of 16||16||7||2||0||5||146||174||−28 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|JPN}} [[1997 World Men's Handball Championship|1997]]||Preliminary Round||17||5||1||2||2||103||112||−9 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[1999 World Men's Handball Championship|1999]]||Round of 16||15||6||1||1||4||123||148||−25 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[2001 World Men's Handball Championship|2001]]||Round of 16||13||6||2||1||3||128||126||+2 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|POR}} [[2003 World Men's Handball Championship|2003]]||Preliminary round||18||5||0||2||3||119||136||−17 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2005 World Men's Handball Championship|2005]]||Preliminary round||17||5||1||1||3||138||153||−15 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER}} [[2007 World Men's Handball Championship|2007]]||colspan=9|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CRO}} [[2009 World Men's Handball Championship|2009]]||Preliminary round||19||9||4||0||5||235||272||−37 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|SWE}} [[2011 World Men's Handball Championship|2011]]||Preliminary round||15||7||3||0||4||153||162||−9 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[2013 World Men's Handball Championship|2013]]||Preliminary round||17||7||3||1||3||180||173||+7 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|QAT}} [[2015 World Men's Handball Championship|2015]]||Preliminary round||24||7||0||0||7||162||218||−56 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[2017 World Men's Handball Championship|2017]]||colspan=9 rowspan=2|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEN}} {{Flagicon|GER}} [[2019 World Men's Handball Championship|2019]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2021 World Men's Handball Championship|2021]]||Main Round||22||6||1||0||5||140||180||−40 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|POL}} {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[2023 World Men's Handball Championship|2023]]||colspan=9 rowspan=3|''TBD'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CRO}} {{Flagicon|DEN}} {{Flagicon|NOR}} [[2025 World Men's Handball Championship|2025]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GER}} [[2027 World Men's Handball Championship|2027]] |- !Total||15/27||0 Titles||85||17||10||58||1869||2186||−317 |} {{Col-2}} ===Olympic Games=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Games !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|DEU|Nazi}} [[Handball at the 1936 Summer Olympics|1936 Berlin]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- |colspan="10"|''Not held from 1948 to 1968'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|FRG}} [[Handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972 Munich]] |colspan="9" rowspan="2"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CAN}} [[Handball at the 1976 Summer Olympics|1976 Montreal]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|URS|1955}} [[Handball at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980 Moscow]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||1||0||5||114||152||−38 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Handball at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984 Los Angeles]] |Match for 11th place||12th of 12||6||0||0||6||96||130||−34 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|KOR}} [[Handball at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988 Seoul]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||1||0||5||104||130||−26 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Handball at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|1992 Barcelona]] |colspan="9"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Handball at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|1996 Atlanta]] |Match for 9th place||10th of 12||6||0||1||5||121||144||−23 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|AUS}} [[Handball at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2000 Sydney]] |colspan="9" rowspan="6"|''Did not qualify'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GRE}} [[Handball at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2004 Athens]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CHN}} [[Handball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2008 Beijing]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GBR}} [[Handball at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2012 London]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|BRA}} [[Handball at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]] |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|JPN}} [[Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]] |- !Total||4/13||0 Titles||24||2||1||21||435||556||−121 |} {{Col-end}}{{Col-begin}} {{Col-2}} ===African Championship=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Year !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1974 African Men's Handball Championship|1974]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:silver;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[1976 African Men's Handball Championship|1976]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|CGO|1970}} [[1979 African Men's Handball Championship|1979]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1981 African Men's Handball Championship|1981]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|EGY|1972}} [[1983 African Men's Handball Championship|1983]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1985 African Men's Handball Championship|1985]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[1987 African Men's Handball Championship|1987]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[1989 African Men's Handball Championship|1989]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[1991 African Men's Handball Championship|1991]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|CIV}} [[1992 African Men's Handball Championship|1992]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[1994 African Men's Handball Championship|1994]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]|| || || || || || || |- style="background:gold;" |{{Flagicon|BEN}} [[1996 African Men's Handball Championship|1996]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||6||0||0||140||96||+44 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|RSA}} [[1998 African Men's Handball Championship|1998]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||4||0||2||173||113||+60 |- style="background:silver;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[2000 African Men's Handball Championship|2000]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||6||5||0||1||140||72||+68 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[2002 African Men's Handball Championship|2002]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||5||4||0||1||124||103||+21 |- style="background:#9acdff;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2004 African Men's Handball Championship|2004]]||Fourth place||4||6||3||0||3||188||145||+43 |- |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2006 African Men's Handball Championship|2006]]||Fifth place||5||6||3||0||3||156||136||+20 |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|ANG}} [[2008 African Men's Handball Championship|2008]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||5||3||0||2||123||126||−3 |- style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2010 African Men's Handball Championship|2010]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||7||5||1||1||101||88||+13 |- style="background:silver;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[2012 African Men's Handball Championship|2012]]||Runners-up||2 [[File:Silver medal africa.svg|20px]]||8||6||1||1||228||182||+46 |- style="background:gold;" |style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[2014 African Men's Handball Championship|2014]]||Champions||1 [[File:Gold medal africa.svg|20px]]||8||8||0||0||240||166||+74 |- style="background:#9acdff;" |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2016 African Men's Handball Championship|2016]]||Fourth place||4||8||5||0||3||216||194||+22 |- |{{Flagicon|GAB}} [[2018 African Men's Handball Championship|2018]]||Sixth place||6||7||3||1||3||193||182||+11 |-style="background:#c96;" |{{Flagicon|TUN}} [[2020 African Men's Handball Championship|2020]]||Third place||3 [[File:Bronze medal africa.svg|20px]]||7||5||0||2||204||170||+34 |- |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2022 African Men's Handball Championship|2022]]||colspan="9"|''Qualified'' |- |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[2024 African Men's Handball Championship|2024]]||colspan="9"|''To be determined'' |- !Total||24/25||7 Titles|| || || || || || || |} {{Col-2}} ===African Games=== {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" |- !Games !Round !Position !{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}} !{{Tooltip|W|Won}} !{{Tooltip|D|Drawn}} !{{Tooltip|L|Lost}} !{{Tooltip|GF|Goals for}} !{{Tooltip|GA|Goals against}} !{{Tooltip|GD|Goal difference}} |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CGO}} [[Handball at the 1965 All-Africa Games|1965 Brazzaville]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[Handball at the 1973 All-Africa Games|1973 Lagos]] |Champions||1st of 8||7||6||0||1||107||93||+14 |- style="background:gold;" |align="left" style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[Handball at the 1978 All-Africa Games|1978 Algiers]] |Champions||1st of 6||4||4||0||0||96||58||+38 |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|KEN}} [[Handball at the 1987 All-Africa Games|1987 Nairobi]] |Champions||1st of 8||5||5||0||0|| || || |- style="background:silver;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Handball at the 1991 All-Africa Games|1991 Cairo]] |Runners-up||2nd of 8|| || || || || || || |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|ZIM}} [[Handball at the 1995 All-Africa Games|1995 Harare]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- style="background:gold;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|RSA}} [[Handball at the 1999 All-Africa Games|1999 Johannesburg]] |Champions||1st of 4||6||5||0||1||181||102||+79 |- style="background:silver;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|NGR}} [[Handball at the 2003 All-Africa Games|2003 Abuja]] |Runners-up||2nd of 8||5||4||0||1||142||105||+37 |- style="background:silver;" |align="left" style="border: 3px solid red"|{{Flagicon|ALG}} [[Handball at the 2007 All-Africa Games|2007 Algiers]] |Runners-up||2nd of 7||5||3||0||2||129||124||+5 |- style="background:#c96;" |align="left"|{{Flagicon|MOZ}} [[Handball at the 2011 All-Africa Games|2011 Maputo]] |Third place||3rd of 12||5||3||0||2||134||112||+22 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|CGO}} [[Handball at the 2015 African Games|2015 Brazzaville]] |colspan="9"|''Did not enter'' |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[Handball at the 2019 African Games|2019 Rabat]] |Fourth place||4th of 9||7||3||2||2||179||177||+2 |- |align="left"|{{Flagicon|GHA}} [[Handball at the 2023 African Games|2023 Accra]] |colspan="9"|To be determined |- !Total||8/11||4 Titles|| || || || || || || |} {{Col-end}} == Crest == <gallery class="center"> File:Algeria national handball team.png|Tsohuwar tambari </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.ihf.info/member-federations/algeria/4105 Bayanan Bayani na IHF] 9mijtcxh3mzozdl9t1nnoej3syey5sm 0 34659 547661 233070 2024-11-28T18:53:49Z A Salisu 14655 547661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Markinch''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 58 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Cupar No. 218 da Rarraba Ƙididdiga Na 6 . Yana da kusan 68&nbsp;km arewa da birnin Regina. Mazauna garin Markinch ne suka ba shi suna, Scotland. ==Tarihi== An ƙirƙiri Markich a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 1911. Turawan farko da suka fara zama a gundumar su ne Paul Blaser da Tom Bradwell a cikin 1900. <ref>Markinch History, 1905-1955. </ref> Hanyar jirgin ƙasa daga Brandon, ta isa Markinch a 1905 kuma an kammala babbar hanyar 22 a 1930. An kafa Markinch tare da zuwan layin dogo. Yawan jama'a a 1906/07 ya kasance mutane 40 kuma ya kai tsayinsa a 1921 tare da mutane 175. == Alƙaluma == A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Markinch yana da yawan jama'a 55 da ke zaune a cikin 26 daga cikin 31 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -5.2% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 58 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 80.9/km a cikin 2021. A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Markinch ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 58 da ke zaune a cikin 29 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 31 masu zaman kansu, a -24.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 72 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 85.3/km a cikin 2016. == Duba kuma == * Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan * Ƙauyen Saskatchewan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 19ksps5fe0frs28fonw1bwyset1gwh8 547662 547661 2024-11-28T18:54:09Z A Salisu 14655 547662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Markinch''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 58 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Cupar No. 218 da Rarraba Ƙididdiga Na 6 . Yana da kusan 68&nbsp;km arewa da birnin Regina. Mazauna garin Markinch ne suka ba shi suna, Scotland. ==Tarihi== An ƙirƙiri Markich a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 1911. Turawan farko da suka fara zama a gundumar su ne Paul Blaser da Tom Bradwell a cikin 1900. <ref>Markinch History, 1905-1955. </ref> Hanyar jirgin ƙasa daga Brandon, ta isa Markinch a 1905 kuma an kammala babbar hanyar 22 a 1930. An kafa Markinch tare da zuwan layin dogo. Yawan jama'a a 1906/07 ya kasance mutane 40 kuma ya kai tsayinsa a 1921 tare da mutane 175. == Alƙaluma == A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Markinch yana da yawan jama'a 55 da ke zaune a cikin 26 daga cikin 31 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -5.2% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 58 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 80.9/km a cikin 2021. A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Markinch ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 58 da ke zaune a cikin 29 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 31 masu zaman kansu, a -24.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 72 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 85.3/km a cikin 2016. == Duba kuma == * Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan * Ƙauyen Saskatchewan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7bd6oqndpkzet3m3t0npwnv9hjflbhs 547663 547662 2024-11-28T18:54:28Z A Salisu 14655 547663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Markinch''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 58 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Cupar No. 218 da Rarraba Ƙididdiga Na 6 . Yana da kusan 68&nbsp;km arewa da birnin Regina. Mazauna garin Markinch ne suka ba shi suna, Scotland. ==Tarihi== An ƙirƙiri Markich a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 1911. Turawan farko da suka fara zama a gundumar su ne Paul Blaser da Tom Bradwell a cikin 1900. <ref>Markinch History, 1905-1955. </ref> Hanyar jirgin ƙasa daga Brandon, ta isa Markinch a 1905 kuma an kammala babbar hanyar 22 a 1930. An kafa Markinch tare da zuwan layin dogo. Yawan jama'a a 1906/07 ya kasance mutane 40 kuma ya kai tsayinsa a 1921 tare da mutane 175. == Alƙaluma == A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Markinch yana da yawan jama'a 55 da ke zaune a cikin 26 daga cikin 31 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -5.2% daga yawan jama'arta na shekarar 2016 na 58 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 80.9/km a cikin 2021. A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Markinch ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 58 da ke zaune a cikin 29 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 31 masu zaman kansu, a -24.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 72 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 85.3/km a cikin 2016. == Duba kuma == * Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan * Ƙauyen Saskatchewan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} kqfbhrzhmxws3y7ws8m436gxdjnmw2k 547664 547663 2024-11-28T18:54:37Z A Salisu 14655 547664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Markinch''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 58 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Cupar No. 218 da Rarraba Ƙididdiga Na 6 . Yana da kusan 68&nbsp;km arewa da birnin Regina. Mazauna garin Markinch ne suka ba shi suna, Scotland. ==Tarihi== An ƙirƙiri Markich a matsayin ƙauye a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu na shekarar 1911. Turawan farko da suka fara zama a gundumar su ne Paul Blaser da Tom Bradwell a cikin 1900. <ref>Markinch History, 1905-1955. </ref> Hanyar jirgin ƙasa daga Brandon, ta isa Markinch a 1905 kuma an kammala babbar hanyar 22 a 1930. An kafa Markinch tare da zuwan layin dogo. Yawan jama'a a 1906/07 ya kasance mutane 40 kuma ya kai tsayinsa a 1921 tare da mutane 175. == Alƙaluma == A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Markinch yana da yawan jama'a 55 da ke zaune a cikin 26 daga cikin 31 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. -5.2% daga yawan jama'arta na shekarar 2016 na 58 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 80.9/km a cikin 2021. A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Markinch ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 58 da ke zaune a cikin 29 daga cikin jimlar gidaje 31 masu zaman kansu, a -24.1% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 72 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.68|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 85.3/km a cikin shekarar 2016. == Duba kuma == * Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan * Ƙauyen Saskatchewan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} tn5hh12hlypxma1h8qmpo54n6ar66uk 0 35475 548031 407664 2024-11-28T23:34:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q61694649}} '''Kwaku Ampratwum-Sarpong''' dan siyasan Ghana ne kuma dan majalisar dokoki ta bakwai na jamhuriyar Ghana ta hudu kuma majalissar takwas ta jamhuriyar ta hudu ta Ghana mai wakiltar mazabar Mampong dake yankin Ashanti akan tikitin New Patriotic Party.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=165|access-date=2022-08-19|website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne Mataimakin Ministan Harkokin Waje da Haɗin Kan Yankuna.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTER, HONOURABLE KWAKU AMPRATWUM-SARPONG BIDS FAREWELL TO OUTGOING AMBASSADOR OF THE PHILIPPINES TO GHANA, H.E. MS. SHIRLEY HO-VICARIO – Ministry Of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration|url=https://mfa.gov.gh/index.php/deputy-foreign-minister-honourable-kwaku-ampratwum-sarpong-bids-farewell-to-outgoing-ambassador-of-the-philippines-to-ghana-h-e-ms-shirley-ho-vicario/|access-date=2022-08-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Implementation of ECOWAS protocols relevant - Kwaku Sarpong|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/implementation-of-ecowas-protocols-relevant-kwaku-sarpong.html|access-date=2022-08-19|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Asare|first=Fred Quame|date=2022-05-06|title=Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister calls for action to curb insurgency in West Africa - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/deputy-foreign-affairs-minister-calls-for-action-to-curb-insurgency-in-west-africa/|access-date=2022-08-19|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nartey|first=Laud|date=2022-03-03|title=Economic prosperity can't be achieved without peace and security - Dep Foreign Affairs Minister|url=https://3news.com/economic-prosperity-cant-be-achieved-without-peace-and-security-dep-foreign-affairs-minister/|access-date=2022-08-19|website=3NEWS.com|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004172208/https://3news.com/economic-prosperity-cant-be-achieved-without-peace-and-security-dep-foreign-affairs-minister/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kwaku Ampratwum-Sarpong a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 1958, a Mampong a yankin Ashanti. Yana da shaidar kammala karatun digiri a fannin Gudanar da Gidaje daga Jami'ar Westminster, London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5339|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Ampratwum, Sarpong Kwaku|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> Ya yi karatun digirinsa na farko a Jami'ar Ghana inda ya sami digiri na B.A.(Hons). Har ila yau, yana da babban takardar shaidar zartaswa daga Makarantar Gudanarwa da Jagoranci ta Graduate a Accra, Ghana. Ampratwum-Sarpong kuma memba ne na Cibiyar Gidajen Chartered da Cibiyar Gudanarwa a Burtaniya.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration (Political & Economic) – Ministry Of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration|url=https://mfa.gov.gh/index.php/honourable-kwaku-ampratwum-sarpong-mp/|access-date=2022-08-19|language=en-US}}</ref> == Siyasa == Shi dan sabuwar jam'iyyar kishin kasa ne kuma dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Mampong.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-22|title=Profile of Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister-designate, Kwaku Ampratwum-Sarpong|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/04/profile-of-deputy-foreign-affairs-minister-designate-kwaku-ampratwum-sarpong/|access-date=2022-08-19|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Effah|first=Evans|date=2022-05-19|title=NPP will lose if elections are held today – Dep. Foreign Affairs Minister|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/politics/npp-will-lose-if-elections-are-held-today-dep-foreign-affairs-minister/y1mx5yj|access-date=2022-08-19|website=Pulse Ghana|language=en|archive-date=2023-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430094533/https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/politics/npp-will-lose-if-elections-are-held-today-dep-foreign-affairs-minister/y1mx5yj|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya lashe zaben kujerar majalisar dokokin mazabar Mampong a zaben 2016 da kuri'u 36,532 daga cikin kuri'u 48,085 da aka kada. Mohammed Kojo Aboasu na National Democratic Congress, Rebecca Otum na People's Patriotic Party, Osei Kofi Edward Adepa na United Front Party, Ahmed Ibraham Saleh na People's National Convention, Christopher Adansi Bona na Convention People's Party, da Richmond Akuoko na Great Consolidated People's Party sun kasance. sauran masu burin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5339|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Ampratwum, Sarpong Kwaku|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/ashanti/index.php|title=Parliament - Ashanti Region Election 2016 Results|website=Peace FM|access-date=2019-04-27}}</ref> Ya sake lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai na mazabar Mampong a zaben 2020 da kuri'u 36,159 wanda ya samu kashi 69.8% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada. Frank Amoakohene na National Democratic Congress ya samu kuri'u 14,070 wanda ya zama kashi 27.2% na jimlar kuri'un da aka kada yayin da Bright Adomako, dan takara mai zaman kansa ya samu kuri'u 1,576 wanda ya zama kashi 3% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.<ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2020 Election - Mampong Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/ashanti/mampong/|access-date=2022-08-19|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> === Kwamitoci === Shi mamba ne a kwamitin kasuwanci da masana'antu da yawon bude ido sannan kuma mamba ne a kwamitin kasafin kudi na musamman.<ref name=":0" /> == Aiki == Kwaku Ampratwum-Sarpong ya kasance mataimakin babban kwamishina a ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Ghana daga shekarar 2006 zuwa 2009 sannan kuma babban darakta na cibiyar hada-hadar kasuwanci ta Ghana-India, Accra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5339|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Ampratwum, Sarpong Kwaku|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> Shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Harkokin Waje a Majalisar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2017/08/04/govt-being-proactive-with-us-talks-over-gitmo-two-mp/|title=Gov't being proactive with US talks over Gitmo Two – MP|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/don-t-treat-ghanaian-migrants-as-criminals.html|title='Don't treat Ghanaian migrants as criminals'|date=2019-02-06|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> Kafin ya shiga harkokin siyasa, Ampratwum-Sarpong ya kasance manajan hidima a Hanover a Hackney Ltd, UK daga 2002 zuwa 2005. Daga 1991 zuwa 2002 a London Brough na Hackney, UK, ya kasance manajan sabis na sashen. Daga 1990 zuwa 1991 ya kasance babban jami'in gudanarwa a London Brough of Lambeth, UK.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Yana da aure da ’ya’ya uku. Kwaku Ampratwum-Sarpong ya bayyana a matsayin Kirista.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5339|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Ampratwum, Sarpong Kwaku|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> Yana son kamun kifi, kallon kwallon kafa, karatu da sauraron kidan gargajiya.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] ipkrcof4erkjx1xy57kocs6vadhn8h5 0 36839 547760 218951 2024-11-28T20:39:31Z Saudarh2 14842 547760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Imota''' gunduma ce a garin [[Ikorodu]] a jihar [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ana kiran shugabanninsu Oba Ranodu na Imota. Mutanen [[Yarbanci|Ijebu]] ne.<ref>"[[Imota]]- Population-CityFacts". city-facts.com. CityFacts. Retrieved 16 June 2020.</ref> == Etymology == An samo sunan [[Ikorodu Road|Imota]] daga "UMU-OTA" ma'ana "Kusa da bishiyar Ota." == Tarihi == Wurin yanki da aka fi sani da "Imota" ya samo sunansa daga ƙanƙancewa "Imu-Ota" ma'ana "Kusa da bishiyar Ota". Hakan ya faru ne sakamakon hijirar da Ranodu da jama’arsa suka yi daga Ijebu-Ode domin neman masarauta daban suka sauka a kusa da bishiyar Ota wadda a yau ake kira Imota. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an hana duk mazaunan Imota yin wuta da itacen Ota. Tarihin Imota ya nuna cewa Ranodu na farko yana ɗaya daga cikin ‘ya’yan Obaruwa ko Obaruwamoda ko Arunwa ko Ekewa-olu na Ijebu-ode. Mai martaba Obaruwa shine Awujale na goma akan karagar mulki, a [[Ijebu Ode|Ijebu- Ode]]. Sauran ’ya’yan Obaruwa da ke sarauta a matsayin muhimman Obas a yankunansu sun haɗa da Alaiye-ode na Ode-Remo da Ewusi na makun duk a yankin Remo na Jihar Ogun da Osobia na Makun-omi a karamar hukumar Ijebu ta ruwa ta [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Obaruwa shi ne Awujale na farko da ya fara gabatar da gangunan sarauta mai suna ‘Gbedu’ wanda suke kaɗawa ba kawai a lokacin bikin “Osi” na shekara-shekara ba har ma da shelanta nadin sabon Oba ko High Chief ko kuma a duk lokacin bikin sarauta. Har ila yau, an hana a lokacin bikin “Osi” a Ijebu-ode, a rika buga gangunan sarauta, Gbedu, sai dai idan an fara buge shi a hubbaren Obaruwa. Obaruwa kuma yana da siffa ta musamman, a wurin ibadarsa ne kawai ake yanka raguna biyu a lokacin bikin Osi. Ranodu, limamin Oro tare da abokinsa Senlu Olupe-oku, dan Eluku da sarkin Agemo, dan uwansa Adebusenjo Orederu, limamin Ifa, bayi Osugbo, Oro Liworu, Oro Logunmogbo, Agemo Jamuse, Agemo Esuwele da Eluku Meden-Meden tare da kayan Obaship., duk suka bar Ijebu-Ode tare suka fara tafiya neman masarauta daban. Da farko suka sauka a Aiyepe, daga baya kuma fadar Ifa ta umarce su da su ci gaba. Ko a cikin wannan tafiya ta tarihi, Ranodu ya ratsa ta Oko Mayon inda ya bar alamar sarauta, sun dan sauka a Idado kusa da sagamu, a yau ake kiran Idado da 'Agbala Imota'. A garin Idado, Ranodu ya yi mubaya’a ga Oba Akarigbo na Sagamu, ya nemi izinin zama, sarki ya duba kayansa, ya ga rawani da sauran alamomin sarauta, ya shawarci ranodu da ya haye wani kogi mai suna ‘Eruwuru’ ya zauna a can. Ranodu mai suna Eruwuru as Ajura wanda yanzu ake kira Sabo a cikin [[Sagamu]]. Bayan sun zauna ne Ranodu da jama’arsa suka yanke shawarar yin bikin Agemo inda Oba Akarigbo ya fusata da rashin sanar da shi matakin da suka dauka, ya tura masu gadinsa guda biyu domin su dakatar da bikin, aka kashe masu gadin sannan sakamakon haka ya zama umarni daga Ifa Oracle don su bar wurin zuwa Isopo inda shi da jama'arsa suka yi wani ɗan gajeren hutu, ya bar wasu daga cikin tawagarsa suna ƙaura zuwa kudu. Ana ci gaba da tafiya Ranodu da jama'arsa sun isa wani tudu mai tsayi wanda Senlu Olupe-oku ne kawai ya fara hawa sannan ya kira wasu su zo tare da shi. Sun kuma zauna a saman tudun na dan wani lokaci, don nuna godiya ga jajircewar Senlu Olupe-oku na hawan dutsen da Ranodu ya sanyawa wurin sunan Odo-Senlu wanda ya kasance gari har zuwa yau. Cikin biyayya ga Ifá oracle, suka ci gaba da tafiya, suka gaji a hanya, suka yanke shawarar huta, suka yi rumfa na ɗan lokaci da ganyen dabino. Sai suka sake tuntubar Ifa, sai baƙon ya ce su ci gaba da tafiya, Ranodu ya sa wa wurin suna Abatiwa wanda kuma ya kasance ƙauye har zuwa yau. Sun kuma wuce ta Odo-Ayandelu amma Ranodu ya umarci wasu bayinsa karkashin wani bawa mai suna Ayan da su zauna a wurin. Sun tashi daga Odo-Ayandelu zuwa Odo-Onasa inda ya gina Igboti Oro ya bar Oro Liworu domin yin ibada. Mutanen Odo-Onosa kuma suna bauta wa Allah har zuwa yau. Bayan sun tashi daga Odo-Onasa sai suka isa Agudugbun suka huta na wasu watanni. Ranodu ya yi bikin Oro kuma ya gina wani Igboti Oro wanda ya rage a Agudugbun har zuwa yau. Bayan wasu kwanaki Adebusenjo Orederu ya yi bikin Agemo inda aka umurci bayi da su sare daji domin su raye-raye, a cikin wannan biki ne Adebusenjo Orederu ya gano hanyar da ta kafa a daji inda suka bar Agudugbun zuwa wasan karshe. makoma. A Agudugbun, Ranodu ya hango wutar da ke fitowa daga Yamma, sai ya binciko wutar, ya tarar da wasu mafarauta guda biyu da suke cin wuta a rumfarsu, mafarauta masu suna Ofirigidi, wani dan Oke Orundun da Ojoyeruku, mai ibadar Eluku daga [[Ijebu Ode|Ijebu]] Ode, suka tarbi Ranodu. da mukarrabansa, Ofirigidi ya bukaci Ranodu ya bude jakarsa ya samu kadarorin sarauta a cikinta, suka zama abokai, Ranodu ya sanyawa wurin taronsu suna Opopo. Ofirigidi ya umurci Ranodu da ya yi tazara kadan zuwa Ehindi, wani nau'in damfara na 'Ehin Odi' ya zauna a can. Ehindi shine inda Idi Ota yake kuma aka sanya sunan garin. Ranodu ya umurci Senlu ya tuntubi Ifa oracle don sanin ko za su iya zama a wurin kuma Ifa oracle ya amince da bukatarsu, a karshe wannan ya nuna aka haifi garin Imota. Ranodu ya umurci bayinsa da su datse ciyayi a kusa da bishiyar Ota tare da gina rumfuna don masauki. Ya kuma umarce su da su shirya wurin noma domin su samu abinci su yi noma kuma bayi suna noma a arewa da kudancin kasar har zuwa wata gona mai suna gonar [[Masara]] wadda a yanzu ake kira Ago-Mota a Agbowa. Bayan ya sauka a Imota, Ranodu da jama’arsa sun gayyaci Ofirigidi da Ojoyekuru domin ziyarce shi kuma Ofirigidi ya ba da shawarar cewa tun da Ranodu ya yi wa Oba rawani ya zama sarkin wurin amma Ranodu ya ki saboda tsufa ya dauko Senlu Olupe-oku ya zama sarki. Sarkin Imota. An nada Senlu a matsayin sarkin garin na farko kuma Ranodu ya ci gaba da zama kambun da aka baiwa duk [[Oba|Obas]] na garin Imota na gargajiya (Oba Ranodu na Imota). Bayan nadin sarautar Oba Senlu Olupe Oku, Ranodu na Imota na farko a karni na shabakwai, Adebusenjo da Ojoyekuru sun hada kai wajen bautar Ubangijin Eluku tare da gudanar da bikin tare duk shekara. Yayin da aka nada Ojoyekuru a matsayin Onimale Eluku da Adebusenjo a matsayin Cif Magodo na Agemo Esuwele. == Shugabannin da dana yanzu == 1. Oba Seniu olupe-oku -1610-1616, ya sauke sarautar Ranodu ya gudu zuwa Omu-Ijebu a gudun hijira. Ya rayu kuma ya mutu a can a 1638. 2. Oba Aladesuwasi, 2nd Senlu-1640-1665. 3. Oba Lasademo, 1st Lasademo daga 1669-1687. 4. Oba Orewaiye Olugayan-Jikan Ranodu da Oba na 1st indigenous daga Imota, 1st Olugayan daga 1690-1731 5. Oba Ore Oye, Senlu na uku daga 1734-1770 6. Oba Igara 4th Senlu daga 1772-1793. 7. Oba Ademokun, 2nd Lasademo daga 1796-1817 8. Oba Arowuyo, 2nd Olugayan daga 1820-1854 9. Oba Oyemade, 1st- Oyemade daga 1856-1881 an yi yakin tsakanin 1881-1893 wanda ya kai hari ga lImota kuma babu sarki Oba a lokacin. 10. Oba Okumona Olufoworesete, ta hanyar rinjayar matarsa ta farko Princess lge Mayandenu Olugayan, 1st Olufoworesete daga 1894-1917 11. Oba Akindehin wanda aka fi sani da Oba Onisuru, 3rd Lasademo daga 1917-1920 12. Oba lge Okuseti daga zuriyar Oba Rowuyo, 3rd Olugayan daga 1921-1935 13. Oba Shaibu Awotungase wanda aka fi sani da Oba Daranoye, 4th Olugayan daga 1936-1949 14. Oba Albert Adesanya Adejo wanda aka fi sani da Kiniwun Iga, wanda ya fara karatu Oba Ranodu na Imota, 2nd Oyemade from 1951-1981 15. Oba Lawrence Adebola Oredoyin, Oba Ranodu na Imota mai ilimi na biyu, Senlu na 5 daga 1981-1993. 16. Oba Mudasiru Ajibade Bakare Agoro, mai ilimi na uku Oba Ranodu na Imota, 2nd Olufoweresete daga 1993 zuwa yau. == Iyalai masu mulki == 1. Senlu Ruling House 2. Olugayan Ruling House 3. Lasademo Ruling House 4. Oyemade Ruling House == Sarautar gargajiya == 1. Olisa 2. Ayangade 3. Aro 4. Alagbo Jamuse 5. Ayangbuwa 6. Balogun 7. Alase Oluweri 8. Olootu Erelu 9. Olumale Eluku 10. Lojona Jamuse 11. Busenowo 12. Adegoruwa 13. Lojona Jamuse 14. Alfarma 15. Lashi 16. Oluwo 17. Laraba 18. Aare 19. Ayanolu 20. Adeyoruwa 21. Apena Osugbo 22. Adebusenjo 23. Olootu Balufon 24. Lapeni Awo 25. Alase Jamuse 26. Magodo Esuwele 27. Muleoruwa 28. Gusanlomo 29. Alagbo Orisa nla 30. Eluku Asa 31. Adegorusen 32. Ogbeni-Odi 33. Egbo 34. Afina 35. Rasuli 36. Alakan 37. Odofin 38. Legunsen 39. Ogbodo 40. Fadegbuwa 41. Jomu 42. Ogbeni Oja 43. Iyalode 44. Iyalaje 45. Gwargwadon 46. Wata 47. Eleku Asa 48. Ladugba 49. Agoro 50. Jagun 51. Sufari 52. Shafi 53. Alwala 54. Oluomo == Wuri da tsarin siyasa == Garin Imota yana da sandwiched da latitude 6°39′50″N kuma yana madaidaicin tsayin 3°40′12″E. A Arewa yana da iyaka da garin Agbowa-Ikosi, a Kudu da garin Isiu, a Gabas kuma ya yi iyaka da garin Gberigbe, sai kuma a Yamma ga garin Ode-remo mai fadin kasa mai fadin kusan kilomita 502. Imota was initially placed in Ikosi district council under Epe division. The town is divided into four quarters: Itun-Opopo, Itun-Onabu, Itun- Maja, and Atere. Each quarter has its own political representative called councillors. The first sets of councillors from Imota were illiterate; they include Pa. Ogunnoiki, Pa. Alaga, Pa. Oyinbo and Pa. Agbonmagbe. They were chosen based on their activeness and held in high esteem that their decisions remain final. A wajen aiwatar da mulkin dimokuradiyya a garin, ‘yan Osugbo ne ke da hurumin shari’a, suna duba yadda sarki ya wuce gona da iri, yayin da sarki ke gudanar da ayyukan zartarwa da na majalisa. Ƙirƙirar [[Lagos (birni)|Jihar Legas]] a 1967 ta ƙunshi manyan sassa biyar, wato Legas Colony, [[Badagry]], Epe, [[Ikeja]] da [[Ikorodu]] . Wannan ya kawo kayyade yankin [[Ikorodu]] zuwa mazabu biyu da [[Ikorodu]] ta tsakiya, [[Ikorodu]] arewa da Ikorodu yamma a matsayin mazabar I da Imota, Igbogbo, Ijede a matsayin mazabar II. Sake fasalin kananan hukumomi na 1976 ya raba [[Lagos (birni)|jihar Legas]] zuwa kananan hukumomi takwas da aka kafa [[Ikorodu|karamar hukumar Ikorodu]]. Haka kuma mulkin farar hula na 1979 a karkashin Lateef Jakande ya raba jihar zuwa kananan hukumomi ashirin da uku sannan rusasshiyar karamar hukumar Irepodun ta fito daga karamar hukumar Ikorodu amma kwarewar shigowar sojoji cikin harkokin siyasar [[Najeriya]] ya gurbata jamhuriya ta biyu kuma ta kai ga soke zaben. na karamar hukumar Irepodun da kuma mayar da kananan hukumomi a jihar zuwa farko takwas. Kafa karamar hukumar Irepodun ya haifar da yarjejeniya da yarjejeniya tsakanin manyan garuruwa uku da ke mazabar Ikorodu II cewa 'mukamin dan majalisa mai girma a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas na mazabar da mukamin shugaban karamar hukumar Irepodun da kuma shugaban karamar hukumar Irepodun. Za a raba kujerar hedkwatar karamar hukumar a tsakanin garuruwa uku na mazabar'. Ko da yake, yarjejeniyar ba ta kasance a rubuce ba saboda a lokacin, yawancin shugabannin siyasa a waɗannan garuruwa ba su iya karatu da rubutu ba amma sun yarda da yarda da juna. Amma duk da haka kafawar ta shaida gabatar da Hon. Fola Oredoyin a matsayin wakilin farko na mazabar a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas (1979-1983). Fola Oredoyin ta zama mataimakin kakakin majalisar jiha a jamhuriya ta biyu, Alhaji SO Amusa-Olorunishola ya ci gaba da zama na farko kuma shugaban zartarwa daya tilo a karamar hukumar Irepodun kuma hedikwatar karamar hukumar Irepodun tana Ewu. -elepe, garin Igbogbo. Da rusasshiyar karamar hukumar Irepodun, an bar garuruwa uku na mazabar da mukamin dan majalisa mai girma a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas wanda aka raba bisa ga yarjejeniyar da aka kulla. Ya samar da Hon. MK Sanni daga Imota a matsayin zababben dan majalisar dokokin jihar Legas don kammala wa'adin mulkin Hon. Fola Oredoyin. Jamhuriyyar Najeriya ta uku da ta hudu ita ma ta samar da Hon. Adefarasin Saheed Hassan daga Ijede a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin jihar Legas (1999-2007), da Late (Hon. Rotimi Sotomiwa daga Igbogbo a cikin 2007-2010, mutuwarsa ta ƙare shine wa'adin mulki da kuma takarar neman kujerar dan takarar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party (PDP), Hon. Gbenga Oshin don kammala wa'adinsa (2010-2011), Hon. An kuma zabi Akinsola Adebimpe daga Igbogbo/Bayeku LCDA don kammala wa’adi na biyu (2011-2015) kuma an mayar da koton mulki zuwa Imota a 2015 da Hon. An zaɓi Nurudeen Saka-Solaja a matsayin wakilin mazabar a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas Samar da karin kananan hukumomi talatin da bakwai ga kananan hukumomi ashirin da ake da su a jihar Legas da Bola Ahmed [[Bola Tinubu|Tinubu]] ya yi a shekarar 2003 ya sa Imota da sauran al’ummomin mazabar Ikorodu II su zama gwamnati mai cin gashin kai mai unguwanni hudu na siyasa. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * https://web.archive.org/web/20150218065021/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/entities.php?k=85 * http://www.ayayogong.com.ng/p/the-geographical-location-known-as.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208183723/http://www.ayayogong.com.ng/p/the-geographical-location-known-as.html |date=2017-12-08 }} * http://www.isese_lagba.com/Onifade.za{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ob5oj886mg18zstlf0cdujjof9ppoo4 0 37243 547590 478145 2024-11-28T16:55:40Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Pizza Hut, Colton - geograph.org.uk - 2016225.jpg|thumb|Gidan cin abinci ]] [[File:Pizza Hut international logo 2014.svg|thumb|International logo used since 2014]] [[Fayil:PIZZA HUT PRODUCTS IN CHINA (9).jpg|thumb|Gidan cin abincine na china]] [[Fayil:Pizza Hut and Domino's - geograph.org.uk - 5767447.jpg|thumb|Pizza Hut and Domino's]] [[Fayil:Pizza Hut Athens OH USA.JPG|thumb|Pizza Hut]] '''Pizza Hut''' wasu jerin manyan gidajen cin abinci ne a [[Tarayyar Amurka]], waɗanda suke da rassa a ƙasashe daban daban na duniya. An kafa kamfanin ne s 1958 a [[Wichita, Kansas]], waɗanda suka kafa kamfanin su ne [[Dan and Frank Carney]]. Suna samar da nau'in abincin su da ya shahara mai suna [[pan pizza]] da sauran nau'ukan abinci kamar [[pasta]], [[breadsticks]] da [[dessert]] ga mai-ci a wurinsu, ko mai tafiya-dashi wato ''take-out'' da aikawa masu aike wato ''delivery'' a duk inda rassansu suke. Suna kuma saida [[Buffalo wing|chicken wings]] a jadawalin su na WingStreet. Babbar helkwatarsu na nan ne a [[Plano, Texas]], suna kuma da adadin shagunan abinci 17,639 a duk faɗin duniya a wata ƙididdiga da suka fitar a 2020,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=February 24, 2021 |title=Pizza Hut restaurant count worldwide 2010-2020 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/256828/pizza-hut-restaurants-worldwide/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 27, 2022 |website=statista}}</ref> making it the [[List of pizza chains|world's largest pizza chain]] by number of locations. It is owned by [[Yum! Brands|Yum! Brands, Inc.]], one of the world's largest restaurant companies.<ref name=:0/> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category: Amurika]] [[Category:Gidajen Abinci]] ldc5hxxy6ofx4yqh33966iekl88mzqn 0 38780 548033 510263 2024-11-28T23:44:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Kwarastatedrummers.jpg|thumb|kwara jaha]] [[Fayil:P1180113 Ijoko Waterfalls, Kwara State.jpg|thumb|Kogin jahar kwara]] '''Jihar Kwara''' (da yaren Yoruba: '''''Ȯra Kwara'''''), [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jiha ce]] a Yammacin [[Najeriya]], tana iyaka da Gabas da [[Kogi|Jihar Kogi]], daga arewa kuma ta yi iyaka da [[Neja|Jihar Neja]], daga kudu kuma ta yi iyaka da [[Ekiti|jihohin Ekiti]], [[Osun]], da [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]], yayin da iyakarta ta yamma ke da iyaka da jihar [[Benin]] . [[Benin|Jamhuriyar]] . Babban birninta haske [[Ilorin]] kuma jihar tana da [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] 16 . A cikin [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohi 36 na Najeriya]], Kwara ita ce ta [[Jerin Jihohin Najeriya dangane da faɗin ƙasa|tara mafi girma a yankin]], amma ta [[Jerin yawan habakar mutane a jahohin Najeriya|shida mafi karancin al'umma]], tana da kimanin mutane miliyan 3.2 kamar yadda aka yi a shekarar 2016. A geographically, jihar Kwara ta rabu tsakanin savanna ta yammacin Sudan a gabas, da gandun daji na Guinea-savanna mosaic ecoregion a sauran jihar. Muhimman abubuwan da jihar ke da shi sun hada da koguna, inda [[Neja (kogi)|Nijar]] ke bi ta kan iyakar arewa zuwa tafkin Jeba, kafin a ci gaba da zama kan iyaka, yayin da kogunan Awun, Asa, Aluko, da Oyun ke bi ta ciki. A arewa maso yammacin jihar akwai yankin Borgu na gandun dajin Kainji, wani babban wurin shakatawa na kasa wanda ke dauke da al'umman jarumtaka masu launin toka, kob, hippopotamus, giwar daji na Afirka, [[Gwaggon biri|babin zaitun]], da [[Gwamki|kututtuwa]], tare da wasu na karshe da suka rage. Zakunan Afirka ta Yamma a Duniya. <ref name=":4">{{cite web |last1=Onyeakagbu |first1=Adaobi |title=See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/see-how-all-the-36-nigerian-states-got-their-names/g8bkn2c |website=Pulse.ng |access-date=25 December 2021 |archive-date=11 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811220711/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/see-how-all-the-36-nigerian-states-got-their-names/g8bkn2c |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Creation">{{cite web |title=This is how the 36 states were created |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/nigerian-states-this-is-how-the-36-states-were-created/mdtnq3e |website=Pulse.ng |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref> A kudu maso yamma mai nisa, wani karamin yanki na Old Oyo National Park yana dauke da mikiya mai rawani, mikiya, baffa na [[Ɓauna|Afirka]], [[Batsiya|oribi]], da yawan birai na patas . <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=29–37}}</ref> Jihar Kwara dai ta shafe shekaru da dama tana zaune da kabilu daban-daban, musamman Yarbawa mafi rinjaye da ke zaune a fadin jihar, amma akwai ’yan tsirarun ’yan kabilar Nupe a arewa maso gabas, Bariba (Baatonu) da Busa (Bokobaru) a yamma, da kananan Fulani ne a Ilorin, suna tafiya a cikin jihar a matsayin makiyaya. A zamanin mulkin mallaka, yawancin yankin da a yanzu yake jihar Kwara yana cikin [[Masarautar Oyo|Daular Oyo]], tare da wani yanki na yamma a [[Borgu|Masarautar Borgu]] ta mutanen Bariba, Boko da Bissa, da [[Masarautar Bida|Masarautar Nupe]] (1531-1835). ). A tsakiyar shekarun 1800, [[Jihadin Fulani|jihadin fulani]] suka mamaye wani yanki na jihar Kwara a yanzu tare da sanya yankin karkashin yankin Gwandu na Daular [[Daular Sokoto|Sokoto]] . A cikin shekarar 1890s da 1900s, balaguron Burtaniya ya mamaye yankin kuma ya shigar da shi cikin [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya|Arewacin Najeriya Protectorate]] . Daga baya Arewacin Najeriya ya hade da Najeriyar Burtaniya a shekarar 1914, kafin ta samu 'yancin kai a matsayin [[Najeriya]] a shekarar 1960. Asali, jihar Kwara ta zamani tana cikin [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|yankin Arewa]] bayan samun ‘yancin kai har zuwa shekarar 1967, lokacin da yankin ya rabu, yankin ya zama jihar [[Kwara (jiha)|yamma ta tsakiya]] . A shekarar 1976, jihar ta koma jihar Kwara, kuma sunan ya ci gaba har zuwa shekarun 1990, lokacin da aka raba yankin kudu maso gabas ta [[Kogi|jihar Kogi]], aka mayar da yankin Borgu mai nisa zuwa yankin Borgu na [[Neja|jihar Neja]] . Ta fannin tattalin arziki, jihar Kwara ta fi dogara ne akan [[Noma|aikin noma]], galibin kofi, [[auduga]], gyada, koko, dabino, da noman kola . Sauran manyan masana’antu sun hada da ayyuka, musamman a birnin [[Ilorin]], da kiwo da kiwo na shanu , [[Akwiya|awaki]], da tumaki . Jihar Kwara tana da [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a|haɗin gwiwa na ashirin da ashirin mafi girma]] na ci gaban ɗan adam a cikin ƙasar da cibiyoyin ilimi masu yawa. == Tarihi == An kirkiro jihar Kwara ne a ranar 27 ga Mayun shekarar 1967, lokacin da gwamnatin mulkin soja ta tarayya ta Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] ta karya yankuna hudu da suka zama Tarayyar Najeriya zuwa jihohi 12. A lokacin da aka kirkiro jihar, ta kunshi tsoffin lardunan [[Ilorin]] da [[Kabba]] na yankin [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]] a lokacin, kuma da farko an sanya mata suna Jihar Yamma ta Tsakiya amma daga baya ta koma “Kwara”, sunan da ake kira [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Neja]] a cikin [[harshen Hausa]] . Jihar Kwara tun a shekarar 1976 ta ragu sosai a sakamakon kara yin atisayen samar da jihohi a Najeriya. A ranar 13 ga Fabrairun 1976, an sassaka yankin [[Idah]] / [[Dekina]] na jihar tare da hadewa da wani yanki na jihar [[Jihar Benue-Plateau|Benue/Plateau a]] lokacin don kafa [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benue]] . A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1991 kuma an fitar da kananan hukumomi biyar da suka hada da [[Oyi]], [https://www.behance.net/gallery/18479533/Yagba-VillageKogi-stateNigeria Yagba], [[Okene]], [[Okehi]] da [[Kogi]] don zama wani bangare na sabuwar [[Kogi|jihar Kogi]], yayin da ta shida [[Borgu|karamar hukumar Borgu ta]] hade da [[Neja|jihar Neja]] . Manyan kananan hukumomi masu yawan jama'a sune [[Ilorin]] da [[Offa (Nijeriya)|Offa]] . Jihar Kwara na da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kamar su tourmaline, tantalite, da ma'adanai masu yawa a yankin arewa. Cocoa da Kolanut a Kudancin [[Oke Ero|Oke - Ero]], [[Ekiti (Kwara)|Ekiti]] da [[Isin (Nijeriya)|Isin LGA]] . == Yanayi == Yanayin babban birnin jihar Kwara, Ilorin, yana da zafi da bushewa kuma yana da ruwan sama a shekara, wanda kuma ke tsakanin 990.3 mm zuwa 1318mm ma'ana . Garin yana da yanayin zafi dabam dabam daga 33 <sup>0</sup> C zuwa 37 <sup>0</sup> C, tare da wata na uku na shekara, Maris, shine mafi zafi. Mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin zafin jiki, da kuma yanayin zafi na babban birnin jihar, yana ƙaruwa tsakanin shekarun 1978 da 2017. Iskar da ke kadawa a wannan yanki ta kunshi Kudu-maso-Gabas da kuma Arewa-maso-gabas iskar nahiyar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=205-214}}</ref> == Yawan jama'a == Kamar yadda a shekarar 2006, yawan mutanen Kwaran ya kai miliyan 2.37, bisa ƙidayar jama'a ta Najeriya a shekarar 2006 . Wannan girman yawan jama'a ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 1.69% na jimlar yawan al'ummar ƙasar bayan sun dogara da ƙaura don haɓaka yawan jama'a da ci gaban tattalin arziki . Manyan kabilun su ne Yarbawa, Nupe, Fulani da Baruba. A wani lokaci ana kiran mazauna jihar a matsayin Kwaran. == Harsuna == Harsunan Jihar Kwara da LGA ta lissafa: {| class="wikitable" !LGA ! Harsuna |- | [[Asa (Nijeriya)|Asa]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Baruten]] | [[Borganci|Baatonum]] da [[Busanci|Bokobaru]] |- | [[Edu (Nijeriya)|Edu]] | [[Nupenci|Nupe]] |- | [[Ekiti (Kwara)|Ekiti]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Ifelodun (Kwara)|Ifelodun]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Ilorin ta Gabas|Ilorin Gabas]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Ilorin ta Kudu|Ilorin South]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Ilorin ta Yamma|Ilorin West]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Isin (Nijeriya)|Isin]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Irepodun (Kwara)|Irepodun]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Kaiama]] | [[Busanci|Bokobaru]] |- | [[Moro (Nijeriya)|Moro]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Offa (Nijeriya)|Offa]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Oke Ero]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Oyun]] | [[Yarbanci|Yarbawa]] |- | [[Pategi|Patgi]] | [[Nupenci|Nupe]] |} == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Kwara ta kunshi [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]] goma sha shida . Su ne:  {{div col|colwidth=10em}} * [[Asa, Nigeria|Asa]] * [[Baruten]] * [[Edu, Nigeria|Edu]] * [[Ekiti, Kwara State|Ekiti]] * [[Ifelodun, Kwara State|Ifelodun]] * [[Ilorin East]] * [[Ilorin South]] * [[Ilorin West]] * [[Irepodun, Kwara State|Irepodun]] * [[Isin, Nigeria|Isin]] * [[Kaiama]] * [[Moro, Nigeria|Moro]] * [[Offa, Nigeria|Offa]] * [[Oke Ero]] * [[Oyun]] * [[Pategi]] {{div col end}} == Gwamnan jihar Kwara == Gwamnan jihar Kwara na yanzu shine Gwamna Abdulrazaq Abdulrahman, wanda ya yi nasara a zaben gwamnan jihar da aka gudanar a ranar 9 ga watan Maris,na shekara ta 2019, tare da jam'iyyar siyasa ta APC. An rantsar da AbdulRahman AbdulRazak ne a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2019, wanda ya zama gwamnan jihar Kwara na dimokuradiyya na 4 sannan kuma na 20 a jihar Kwara gaba daya. Kayode Alabi yana rike da mukamin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Kwara a karkashin gwamnatin AbdulRahman. == Ilimi == [[File:Kwara_State_University,_Malete.jpg|thumb| Kwara State University, Malete]] Jihar Kwara tana da [[Jami'a|jami'ar]] tarayya, [[Jami'ar Ilorin]], jami'ar jiha, [[Jami'ar Jihar Kwara]] da sauran Jami'o'i masu zaman kansu: Jami'ar [[Jami'ar Al-Hikmah|Al-Hikmah, Jami'ar]] Landmark, Jami'ar Summit, Jami'ar Crown Hill, Jami'ar Thomas Adewumi, Jami'ar Ahman Pategi da Jami'ar Offa. Jihar Kwara kuma tana da makarantun kimiyya da fasaha guda biyar; Polytechnics na tarayya, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Polytechnic na jihar, [[Kwalejin kimiyya da fasaha ta jihar kwara|Kwara State Polytechnic]] da masu zaman kansu guda uku: The Polytechnic Igbo Owu, Lens Polytechnic da Graceland Polytechnic. Daga cikin kwalejojin ilimi goma sha biyar a jihar Kwara, goma sha daya mallakin kamfanoni ne masu zaman kansu: College of Education Ilemona, Muhyideen College of Education, Kinsey College of Education, Ilorin, Jihar Kwara, Moje College of Education, Erin-Ile, Imam Hamzat College of Ilimi, ECWA College of Education, College of Education Offa, Nana Aisha College of Education, Adesina College of Education da Pan African College of Education. Kwalejoji hudu na ilimi a jihar Kwara suna samun tallafin gwamnatin star: [[Kwalejin ilimi ta jihar Kwara, Illorin|Kwara State College of Education Ilorin]], College of Education Oro, Kwara State College of Education (Technical) Lafiagi da kuma wata cibiyar gwamnatin tarayya daya bayar da NCE, Nigerian Army School of Education. Akwai kuma makarantar sojan ruwa, Makarantar Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Sojojin Ruwa ta Najeriya, Irra Road, Offa da kwalejin jiragen sama, Kwalejin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya, Ilorin . == Yawon shakatawa == [[File:Kwarastatedrummers.jpg|right|thumb| Masu ganga a kauyen Ijomu Oro, jihar Kwara.]] Muhimman wuraren shakatawa na yawon bude ido a jihar Kwara sun hada da [[Esiẹ Museum|gidan kayan tarihi na Esie]], Waterfalls Owu, daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma ban mamaki a yammacin Afirka. Imoleboja Rock Shelter, Ogunjokoro, Kainji Lake National Parks, now in Niger state and Agbonna Hill-- Awon Mass Wedding in Shao. Hakanan akwai tudun Sobi da sauransu, wanda shine mafi girma a cikin Ilorin, babban birnin jihar. Katafaren ajiyar yanayi kuma ya raba jihar zuwa Gabas da Yamma. Ruwan Ero Omola shi ma wuraren shakatawa ne == Sufuri == [[File:Ilorin_Train_Station,_kwara_state.jpg|alt=Ilorin Train Station in Kwara|thumb| Tashar jirgin kasa ta Ilorin a Kwara]] Hukumar kula da [[Nigerian Railway Corporation|sufurin jiragen kasa ta Najeriya na]] kara zirga-zirga daga [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] zuwa jihar zuwa yankin arewacin kasar. Filin tashi da [[Filin jirgin saman Ilorin|saukar jiragen sama na Ilorin]] babbar cibiya ce ta zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na cikin gida da na waje kuma a yanzu an gina shi a matsayin cibiyar jigilar kayayyaki . == Tattalin Arziki == Noma shine babban tushen tattalin arzikin jihar kuma manyan kayan amfanin gona sune: [[auduga]], koko, kofi, kolanut, taba, benieed da dabino. Jihar Kwara gida ce ga gonakin Shonga ''',''' wanda ya samo asali ne daga aikin Komawa zuwa gona na daya daga cikin tsofaffin shugabannin jihar, Dakta [[Bukola Saraki|Abubakar Bukola Saraki]] . Farms na Shonga ya ƙunshi manoma 13 na kasuwanci. Albarkatun ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da man fetur, Zinariya, farar ƙasa, marmara, feldspar, yumbu, kaolin, quartz da dutsen granite . === Kayan aiki === * '''Tsafta da Tsafta''' Gwamnatin Najeriya na kara fahimtar matsalolin da ke fitowa daga rashin tsaftar muhalli, kuma jihar Kwara na kokarin inganta muhallinta da tsaftar muhalli. A ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2020, gwamnan jihar Kwara ya fara gangamin ‘Clean Kwara’ a hukumance domin kawo karshen bayan gida da kuma inganta tsafta a jihar. Gwamnatin jihar na kokarin gyara dukkan hanyoyin da magudanan ruwa don tabbatar da kwararar ruwa kyauta, da yin kokarin tabbatar da tsaftar ruwa, gina bandaki da samar da ruwa mai tsafta. Wannan kuma shi ne don haɓaka Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa 3 & 6 (babban damar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai araha da samun isassun tsaftar tsafta, tsafta ga kowa da kowa, da kawo ƙarshen bayan gida nan da 2030 ) . == Wasanni == Hukumar wasanni ta Jiha ce ke tafiyar da harkokin wasanni. Muhimmancin da aka baiwa wasanni ya kai ga gina [[Fillin kwalllo|filin wasa]], mai suna - Kwara State Stadium Complex. Kayayyakin da ake da su a hadaddun filin wasa sune babban kwanon kwando, dakin wasanni na cikin gida, dakunan kwanan dalibai, cibiyar yada labarai na nishadi da kuma wurin ninkaya girman Olympics. Ana wakilta jihar sosai a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando. Jihar ita ce gidan kungiyar [[Kwara United F.C.|ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kwara United]], ABS FC da Kwara Falcons Basketball Club . == Fitattun mutane ==  {{div col}} *[[AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq]], politician *[[Bukola Saraki]], politician *[[David Abioye]], cleric *[[Cornelius Adebayo]], politician *[[Femi Adebayo]], actor and film producer *[[Tunde Adebimpe]], musician *[[Kemi Adesoye]], screenwriter *[[Abdulfatah Ahmed]], banker and politician *[[Simon Ajibola]], politician *[[Mustapha Akanbi]], lawyer *[[Sheik Adam Abdullah Al-Ilory]], Islamic scholar *[[Sarah Alade]], former CBN governor *[[Lola Ashiru]], architect and politician *[[Adamu Atta]], politician *[[Kunle Afolayan]], actor, film director and producer *[[Ayeloyun]], musician *[[Joseph Ayo Babalola]], cleric *[[David Bamigboye]], soldier *[[Theophilus Bamigboye]], soldier and politician *[[Salihu Modibbo Alfa Belgore]], jurist and former Chief Justice of Nigeria *[[Oga Bello]], actor and producer (real name Adebayo Salami) *[[Ibrahim Gambari]], diplomat *[[Yusuf Gobir]], administrator *[[Ola Ibrahim]], naval officer *[[Rafiu Adebayo Ibrahim]], politician *[[Tunde Idiagbon]], soldier *[[Ahmed Mohammed Inuwa]], politician *[[Joana Nnazua Kolo]], Commissioner for Youth and Sports Development *[[Farooq Kperogi]], journalist *[[Mohammed Shaaba Lafiagi]], politician *[[Lagbaja|Lágbájá]], musician *[[Salaudeen Latinwo]], soldier *[[Mohammed Lawal]], naval officer *[[Lai Mohammed]], lawyer and politician *[[Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe]], politician *[[Abdulkadir Orire]], first Grand Khadi of the Kwara State Sharia Court of Appeal *[[David Oyedepo]], cleric *[[Wasiu Alabi Pasuma]], musician *[[Gbemisola Ruqayyah Saraki]], politician *[[Olusola Saraki]], politician * [[Toyin Saraki]], healthcare philanthropist *[[Abdulfatai Yahaya Seriki]], politician *[[AbdulRazzaq Ibrahim Salman]], cleric *[[Bola Shagaya]], businessman *[[Tony Tetuila]], musician *[[Rashidi Yekini]], soccer player *[[Abimbola Abolarinwa]], urologist {{div col end}} == Duba kuma == * Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Kwara == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Kwara State}}{{Authority control}}  [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] d36cgi6ykuwf2wmlchnvm09zfts1jy0 0 38914 548303 526687 2024-11-29T11:30:28Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 548303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Masawud Mohammed''' (an haife shi 1 Afrilu 1971), ɗan siyasa ne na ƙasar Ghana kuma ɗan majalissar na bakwai na jamhuriya ta huɗu ta Ghana mai wakiltar mazabar Pru ​​ta Yamma a yankin Bono ta Gabas a karkashin jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=208|title=Hon. Masawud Mohammed|publisher=Parliament of Ghana|accessdate=3 August 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5534|title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Mohammed, Alhaji Masawud|website=www.ghanamps.com|access-date=2020-02-01}}</ref> == Shekarun farko da ilimi == An haifi Mohammed a ranar 1, ga Afrilu 1971, a Prang a yankin Bono. Ya halarci Jami'ar Cape Coast kuma ya kammala karatun digiri da digiri na biyu a fannin Ilimi.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/republic/parliamentatian.php?ID=117|title=Ghana Parliament member Masawud Mohammed (Alhaji)|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2020-02-01}}{{Dead link|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Aiki == Mohammed ya kasance dan majalisa mai wakiltar Pru ​​West Constituency. Kafin wannan aiki ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Atebubu sannan ya zama shugaban gundumar Pru.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Siyasa == Ya fara zama dan majalisa a shekarar ta 2013, mai wakiltar mazabar Pru ​​West. A shekarar ta 2016, ya sake tsayawa takarar kujerar a babban zaben 2016, kuma ya yi nasara. Ya samu kuri'u 10,740. Wanda ke wakiltar kashi 49.66% , na yawan kuri'un da aka kada, don haka ya doke sauran 'yan takarar da suka hada da Stephen Pambiin Jalulah da Eric Kwabena Asamoah da Akurugu Zakarai Atiah.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/brongahafo/278/index.php|title=Ghana Election 2016 Results - Pru West Constituency|last=FM|first=Peace|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|access-date=2020-02-01}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mohammed musulmi ne. Yana da aure da ‘ya’ya hudu.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1971]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 07o795qoyd59lgwsy5g4o3awmj8i4tg 0 39122 548131 458750 2024-11-29T07:32:30Z Smshika 14840 548131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Roni Sasaki,'''yar [[Amurka ta Arewa|Amurka]] ce mai [[Wasanni|wasan]] tseren [[tsalle]]-[[tsalle]]. Ta [[Wakilin suna|wakilci]] [[Amurka]] a [[Gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Angola|gasar]] [[Wasannin Motsa Jiki|wasannin]] nakasassu ta lokacin sanyi a shekarar 1992 a cikin tseren tsalle-tsalle. An haife ta da ƙafa ɗaya kuma ta yi takara a cikin LW2-classification events (ga 'yan wasa tare da yanke kafa guda ɗaya a sama da gwiwa).<ref name="winter_sport_classification">{{Cite web|title=Winter Sport Classification|url=https://www.paralympic.ca/en/Sports/Winter-Sport-Classification.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709124200/https://www.paralympic.ca/en/Sports/Winter-Sport-Classification.html|archive-date=July 9, 2013|access-date=February 3, 2021|website=Canadian Paralympic Committee}}</ref> Ta ci lambar zinare a gasar Super-G LW2 na mata da lambobin tagulla a cikin Mata Downhill LW2 da abubuwan Slalom na Mata na LW2.<ref name="paralympic_1992_women_super-g_lw2">{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-super-g-lw2|title=Alpine Skiing at the Albertville 1992 Paralympic Winter Games - Women's Super-G LW2|publisher=paralympic.org|accessdate=August 14, 2019|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814155423/https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-super-g-lw2}}</ref><ref name="paralympic_1992_women_downhill_lw2">{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-downhill-lw2|title=Alpine Skiing at the Albertville 1992 Paralympic Winter Games - Women's Downhill LW2|publisher=paralympic.org|accessdate=August 14, 2019|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814155454/https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-downhill-lw2}}</ref><ref name="paralympic_1992_women_slalom_lw2">{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-slalom-lw2|title=Alpine Skiing at the Albertville 1992 Paralympic Winter Games - Women's Slalom LW2|publisher=paralympic.org|accessdate=August 14, 2019|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814155508/https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-slalom-lw2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kgw.com/article/news/local/it-truly-was-a-dream-come-true-local-athlete-remembers-paralympics/283-523597227|title='It truly was a dream come true': Local athlete remembers Paralympics|website=KGW|access-date=2019-08-17}}</ref> Ta kuma yi gasa a gasar Giant na mata Slalom LW2 amma ba ta gama ba.<ref name="paralympic_1992_women_giant_slalom_lw2">{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-giant-slalom-lw2|title=Alpine Skiing at the Albertville 1992 Paralympic Winter Games - Women's Giant Slalom LW2|publisher=paralympic.org|accessdate=August 14, 2019|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814160227/https://www.paralympic.org/sdms4/hira/web/results/albertville-1992/alpine-skiing/womens-giant-slalom-lw2}}</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] caba0yyikyn0sjyn7nyylo7kz80l6ea 0 39697 548089 272235 2024-11-29T04:45:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shina Abiola Peller''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Mayu a shekara ta 1976) ɗan kasuwan Najeriya ne, ɗan siyasa, masanin masana'antu, kuma ɗan majalisar wakilai ta ƙasa ta 9. Shi ne shugaba kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Aquila Group of Companies da [[Club Quilox]]. <ref>Shina Peller Biography https://www.naija.ng/1120204-shina-peller-biography.html#1120204</ref> Shina Peller yana rike da sarautar Ayedero na kasar Yarbawa da Akinrogun na Epe land, Lagos <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-29|title=2023: We shall donate our hard earned money to support you, group tells Shina Peller|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/12/2023-we-shall-donate-our-hard-earned-money-to-support-you-group-tells-shina-peller/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Fage == Shina Abiola Peller da ne ga Alhaja Silifat da Farfesa Moshood Abiola Peller.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-27 |title=Ayedero Shina Peller: The ‘King of night life’ now ‘King of hearts’ |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ayedero-shina-peller-the-king-of-night-life-now-king-of-hearts/ |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ya taso a gidan [[Musulmi|musulmai.]]Ya samo asali ne daga garin Iseyin dake [[Oyo (jiha)|jihar Oyo]] a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.Ya karanta Chemical Engineering a [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Ladoke Akintola University of Technology]], Ogbomosho, Nigeria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a shekara ta 2002.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shina Peller: 10 things you didn't know about Quilox boss|date=25 August 2015|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/shina-peller-10-things-you-dont-know-about-quilox-boss-id4103767.html|access-date=9 December 2022|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164310/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/shina-peller-10-things-you-dont-know-about-quilox-boss-id4103767.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayan haka, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin kasuwanci kuma daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Fasaha ta Ladoke Akintola]] a shekara ta 2013. Ya yi aiki a [[Abiya|jihar Abia]] a shekarar 2003 don cika wajabcin hidimar bautar kasa na shekara daya da ake bukata ga duk ‘yan Najeriya da suka kammala karatunsu.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Henry |title=Who is Shina Peller? All you need to know about the son of a magician |url=http://www.dailyadvent.com/index.php/2018/10/05/who-is-shina-peller-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-son-of-a-magician/ |website=Daily Advent |accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> == Sana'ar siyasa == Peller dan jam’iyyar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] ne,<ref>{{cite web |title=Why I want to serve my people – Shina Peller |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/149952/ |access-date=2022-12-09 |archive-date=2018-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204249/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/149952/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma ya bayyana aniyarsa ta tsayawa takara a karkashin jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress a matsayin dan majalisar wakilai ta tarayya mai wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Iseyin/Itesiwaju/Iwajowa/Kajola a [[Oyo (jiha)|jihar Oyo]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Olowookere |first1=Dipo |title=Shina Peller Flags off Campaign for House of Reps Seat |url=https://www.businesspost.ng/2018/07/17/shina-peller-flags-off-campaign-for-house-of-reps-seat/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Alaafin endorses Shina Peller for House of Reps |date=25 August 2018|url=https://punchng.com/alaafin-endorses-shina-peller-for-house-of-reps/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abubakar |first1=Muritala |title=Shina Peller declares intention to contest for house of reps in 2019 |date=June 2018 |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/shina-peller-house-of-reps-politics/}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga watan Oktoba a shekara ta 2018, Shina Peller ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na dan takarar majalisar wakilai ta tarayya mai wakiltar mazabar lseyin/ltesiwaju/Kajola/lwajowa a [[All Progressives Congress|jam’iyyar]] APC a babban zaben shekara ta 2019 kuma ya lashe kujerar. Ya lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai a mazabarsa a ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/05/nightclub-owner-shina-peller-wins-apc-house-reps-ticket|title=Nightclub Owner Shina Peller Wins APC House of Reps Ticket|date=5 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Okogba |first1=Emmanuel |title=Shina Peller wins Iseyin Federal Constituency seat|date=24 February 2019 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/02/shina-peller-wins-iseyin-federal-constituency-seat/}}</ref> A yanzu haka yana neman takarar majalisar dattawan Najeriya a karkashin inuwar Accord Party.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elijah |first=Ima |date=2022-07-05 |title=Shina Peller secures Accord Party ticket for Oyo North senatorial district |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/politics/shina-peller-secures-accord-party-ticket-for-oyo-north-senatorial-district/mzbryph |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Yan majalisan wakilai]] [[Category:Yan jam'iyyar APC]] f9y9wlbiw83l4x8wkasp039ldbbjyij 0 41838 547508 541940 2024-11-28T12:22:03Z 105.117.1.76 547508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Palace of Katsina Emirate 02.jpg|thumb|Fadar Masarautar Katsina]] '''Masarautar Katsina''' babbar masarauta ce kuma mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi. Tana ɗaya daga cikin asalin garuruwan ƙasar Hausa. Kafin zamowarta wannan babban birni da a yau ya zama hedikwatar Jahar Katsina sannan kuma fadar masarautar Katsina, ta taɓa zama a wani gari da yake da tazarar kimanin kilomita talalatin da biyu 32 daga Katsinan yau. Sunan wannan gari shi ne ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’. Wannan gari shi ne asalin fadar mulkin ddaular garin Katsina, Wannan masarauta cike take da ababen tarihi, a cikin wancan garin na Durɓi, akwai wannan kuka tana nan, akwai wani Dutse da su mutanen Durɓi suka taɓa bautawa, sannan akwai wata Hasumiya da ta haura shekaru ɗari shida (600) mai suna Gobarau a garin na Katsina. Kuma dai wannan gari shi ne matsugunnin tsohuwar makarantar da ta yaye firimiyan kasar Najeriya da kuma na Arewa ta farko. Wannan rubutu da ake karantawa zai bamu ƙarin haske game da wannan gari na garin Katsina. === Asalin Kafuwar Garin Katsina === Babu wata tsayayyiyar magana dangane da shekara, ko kuma haƙiƙanin mutumin da ya kafa wannan tsohon birni, mai tsohon tarihi na Katsina. Amma akwai hujjoji birjik (Ingawa,shekarar 2006; Lugga,shekarar 2004; Mamman, shekarar 2015), da ke tabbatar da tasowar fadar masarautar ta Katsina daga wani tsohon ƙauye mai suna Durɓi ta Kusheyi. Katsina kamar sauran manyan masarautun ƙasar Hausa, gidan sarautarta yana da dangantaka da gidan Bayajidda. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Masarautu]] j652pyxms7dsz3zr8rys6gsqa2araey 547509 547508 2024-11-28T12:22:26Z 105.117.1.76 547509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Palace of Katsina Emirate 02.jpg|thumb|Fadar Masarautar Katsina]] '''Masarautar Katsina''' babbar masarauta ce kuma mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi. Tana ɗaya daga cikin asalin garuruwan ƙasar Hausa. Kafin zamowarta wannan babban birni da a yau ya zama hedikwatar Jahar Katsina sannan kuma fadar masarautar Katsina, ta taɓa zama a wani gari da yake da tazarar kimanin kilomita talalatin da biyu 32 daga Katsinan yau. Sunan wannan gari shi ne ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’. Wannan gari shi ne asalin fadar mulkin ddaular garin Katsina Wannan masarauta cike take da ababen tarihi, a cikin wancan garin na Durɓi, akwai wannan kuka tana nan, akwai wani Dutse da su mutanen Durɓi suka taɓa bautawa, sannan akwai wata Hasumiya da ta haura shekaru ɗari shida (600) mai suna Gobarau a garin na Katsina. Kuma dai wannan gari shi ne matsugunnin tsohuwar makarantar da ta yaye firimiyan kasar Najeriya da kuma na Arewa ta farko. Wannan rubutu da ake karantawa zai bamu ƙarin haske game da wannan gari na garin Katsina. === Asalin Kafuwar Garin Katsina === Babu wata tsayayyiyar magana dangane da shekara, ko kuma haƙiƙanin mutumin da ya kafa wannan tsohon birni, mai tsohon tarihi na Katsina. Amma akwai hujjoji birjik (Ingawa,shekarar 2006; Lugga,shekarar 2004; Mamman, shekarar 2015), da ke tabbatar da tasowar fadar masarautar ta Katsina daga wani tsohon ƙauye mai suna Durɓi ta Kusheyi. Katsina kamar sauran manyan masarautun ƙasar Hausa, gidan sarautarta yana da dangantaka da gidan Bayajidda. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Masarautu]] pi58616k7gs90ytrz62r60evyfucoqz 547523 547509 2024-11-28T12:26:38Z 105.117.1.76 547523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Palace of Katsina Emirate 02.jpg|thumb|Fadar Masarautar Katsina]] '''Masarautar Katsina''' babbar masarauta ce kuma mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi. Tana ɗaya daga cikin asalin garuruwan ƙasar Hausa. Kafin zamowarta wannan babban birni da a yau ya zama hedikwatar Jahar Katsina sannan kuma fadar masarautar Katsina, ta taɓa zama a wani gari da yake da tazarar kimanin kilomita talalatin da biyu 32 daga Katsinan yau. Sunan wannan gari shi ne ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’. Wannan gari shi ne asalin fadar mulkin ddaular garin Katsina Wannan masarauta cike take da ababen tarihi, a cikin wancan garin na Durɓi, akwai wannan kuka tana nan, akwai wani Dutse da su mutanen Durɓi suka taɓa bautawa, sannan akwai wata Hasumiya da ta haura shekaru ɗari shida (600) mai suna Gobarau a garin na Katsina. Kuma dai wannan gari shi ne matsugunnin tsohuwar makarantar da ta yaye firimiyan kasar Najeriya da kuma na Arewa ta farko. Wannan rubutu da ake karantawa zai bamu ƙarin haske game da wannan gari na garin Katsina. === Asalin Kafuwar Garin Katsina === Babu wata tsayayyar magana dangane da shekara, ko kuma haƙiƙanin mutumin da ya kafa wannan tsohon birni, mai tsohon tarihi na Katsina. Amma akwai hujjoji birjik (Ingawa,shekarar 2006; Lugga,shekarar 2004; Mamman, shekarar 2015), da ke tabbatar da tasowar fadar masarautar ta Katsina daga wani tsohon ƙauye mai suna Durɓi ta Kusheyi. Katsina kamar sauran manyan masarautun ƙasar Hausa, gidan sarautarta yana da dangantaka da gidan Bayajidda. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Masarautu]] dgo3r8psoo3n21zp56sfnyqgk7lcefy 0 42689 547754 525039 2024-11-28T20:35:11Z Saudarh2 14842 547754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dakta '''Aliyu Idris Funtua''' shehin malamin boko ne kuma shugaban [[Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Katsina]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Ya zama shugaba na 13 da ya riƙe wannan muƙamin a kwalejin, biyo bayan samun amincewar [[Muhammadu Buhari|Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari]] a ranar 19 ga watan agustan shekarar, 2016<ref>https://dailytrust.com/fce-obudu-provost-assumes-work/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Webmaster |date=2016-08-26 |title=FCE Katsina gets new provost |url=https://dailytrust.com/fce-katsina-gets-new-provost/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-08-26 |title=FCE Katsina, Obudu get new provosts {{!}} The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US |work=The Nation Newspaper. |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/fce-katsina-obudu-get-new-provosts/ |access-date=2023-02-20}}</ref> Ko kafin wannan nadi, shi ne mataimakin shugaban Kwalejin kuma mai rikon kwarya. A shekarar 2020 ne aka sake sabunta muƙaminsa na Shugaban Kwalejin Ilimi ta Katsina. Shi dai Dakta Aliyu Idris Funtua na da digirin digirgir daga [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero ta jihar Kano]] wanda ya samu a shekara ta 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Webmaster |date=2016-09-01 |title=FCE Obudu provost assumes work |url=https://dailytrust.com/fce-obudu-provost-assumes-work/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref>.{{cn|date=February 2023}} ==Farkon rayuwa== Dakta ya fito ne daga Karamar Hukumar Funtua da ke Jihar Katsina. Mai Marbata Sarkin Katsina, Dakta [[Abdulmumini Kabir Usman]] ya ba Dakta Aliyu Idris Funtua sarautar 'Wakilin Malaman Katsina' a shekarar, 2018. Wannan na daga cikin sarautun da yake da su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mustapha |first=Olusegun |date=2018-04-13 |title=Dokta Aliyu Funtuwa ya zama wakilin Malaman Katsina |url=https://aminiya.dailytrust.com/dokta-aliyu-funtuwa-ya-zama-wakilin-malaman-katsina/ |access-date=2023-02-20 |website=Aminiya |language=en-GB}}</ref> ===Asali=== Shi dai Dakta an haifeshi ne a garin [[Dandume]] a shekarar, 1962 amma ya taso ne a garin [[Funtua]] inda yayi firamare ta Aya watau (Aya Primary School) a garin na Funtua sai yayi makarantar gaba da piramare a garin Malumfashi. Ya samu shedar Malanta daga Kwalejin Ilmi ta Katsina a shekarar, 1984. A Jami'ar Bayero ta Kano ne ya yi karatun digirinsa na farko da na biyu da na uku a Kimiyyar Harshen [[Hausa]].<ref>https://thesourcereporters.wordpress.com/2022/11/05/dr-aliyu-idris-six-years-on-the-saddle/</ref> ==Ayyuka== Bayan koyarwa da yayi a Makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati dake Gwoza a tsakanin shekarar, 1984 zuwa 1985, Malam Aliyu idris Funtua ya fara aiki da Jihar Kaduna ta da a matsayin malamin kuma ya riƙe mukamai daban-daban har zuwa shekarar, 1997 lokacin da ya zama mataimakin shugaban makarantar sakandare. Likkafa ta ci gaba a lokacin da Dakta Funtua ya zama malamin kwaleji a shekara ta, 1997 kuma ci gaba da bada gudunmuwarsa a fagen da ya kware da kuma riƙe mukamai daban-daban.<ref name=":0" /> Bayan samar da [[Jami'ar Umaru Musa Yar'adua]] Katsina, an ɗauki aron Dakta inda ya koyar tun daga shekarar, 2009 zuwa 2010. A shekarar, 2011 ne Dakta ya kai matakin Babban Laccara watau (Chief Lecturer).<ref name=":0" /> ==Iyali== Dakta Aliyu Idris Funtua na da iyali da yara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Buhari Appoints Two New Provosts for FCEs Obudu, Katsina – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/08/26/buhari-appoints-two-new-provosts-for-fces-obudu-katsina/ |access-date=2023-02-24 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/08/26/buhari-appoints-two-new-provosts-for-fces-obudu-katsina/</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1960]] [[category:Maluman Najeriya]] 9d6ojki6ryijd8di9979nndjrozifhm 0 42935 547595 464046 2024-11-28T17:02:30Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:2023-08-09 Deutschland gegen Kanada (Basketball-Länderspiel) by Sandro Halank–064.jpg|thumb|Yanayin wasan kwallo na kanada]] [[Fayil:Canada volleyball team.jpg|thumb|Wasan Ƙwallon Raga a Kanada]] '''Wasan kwallon raga a [[Kanada]]''' ya samo asali ne tun farkon ƙarni na 20. A yau, ana gudanar da wasan a matakai daban-daban na gasar a faɗin kasar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://volleyball.ca/en|title=Volleyball Canada|website=Volleyball Canada}}</ref> == Tarihi == An ƙirƙira wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka a cikin shekarar 1895 kuma ya fara bayyanarsa a Kanada a cikin shekarar 1900 lokacin da reshen [[Ottawa]] na YMCA ya haɗa shi a cikin jadawalinsa.<ref name="Timeline1">{{cite web | url = http://volleyball.org/history.html | title = History Of Volleyball | access-date = 2007-09-24 | publisher = Volleyball World Wide | archive-date = 2000-03-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20000302143612/http://www.volleyball.org/history.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> The Wasan ya ci gaba kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya bazu zuwa YMCA a [[Toronto]] da [[Montréal|Montreal]] . Waɗannan cibiyoyi sun gudanar da gasa iri-iri, wadanda su ne, na dogon lokaci, kadai ne kawai aka shirya bayyanar wasanni a Kanada. Yayin da wasan ya yaɗu a ko'ina cikin Amurka, Rasha da Asiya kafin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]], ya kwanta ɗan kaɗan a Kanada. Tare da ƙirƙirar Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) jim kaɗan bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], wasan ya sami karɓuwa a duniya. Kanada ta shiga FIVB a cikin shekarar 1953, a wannan shekarar ne aka kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Kanada. Gordon Odell ya kasance shugaban rikon kwarya kafin Wes McVicar ya zama shugaban kungiyar na farko. Shugaban na yanzu, Dave Carey, yana kula da ƙungiyar sama da mambobi 80,000. Sake suna Volleyball Canada (VC), ƙungiyar tana da hedkwatarta a [[Ottawa]] . Lokacin da aka kafa, an raba VC zuwa yankuna uku: Ottawa, Toronto da Montreal. A yau, an zana yankuna tare da lardunan lardi / yanki kuma suna ɗauka a cikin Kanada baki ɗaya. Kwarewar farko ta kasa da kasa ta [[Kanada]] a cikin wasanni ya faru a cikin shekarar 1959 a Wasannin Pan-American a Chicago. A yau, ƙungiyoyin Kanada suna ƙoƙarin samun cancantar shiga dukkan gasannin ƙasashen duniya da suka cancanta. Tun daga shekarar 1976, kungiyoyin cikin gida na maza da na mata sun halarci wasannin Olympics da na duniya a lokuta da dama. An samu kyakkyawan sakamako ga kungiyoyin maza da na mata a gasar Olympics ta shekarar 1984 a Los Angeles inda suka zo na 4 da 8 bi da bi. A cikin shekarar 1998, Ƙwallon ƙafa na Kanada ya zama ƙungiyar laima don shirin wasan ƙwallon ragar nakasassu na ƙasa, shirin da ya ci gaba da samun nasara tun wannan haɗin gwiwa. Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙasa na Ƙasa ta Ƙasa ta Farko ta Farko ta Farko a Kanada a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta shekarar 2002 a Poland, kuma ta ci gaba da kare kambunta a shekarar 2004. === Manyan abubuwan wasan kwallon raga === * 1895 - William G. Morgan ya kirkiro wasan kwallon raga * 1947 - An kafa FIVB (Fédération International de Volley-Ball). * 1949 - Prague, Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Farko * 1952 - Moscow, gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta farko * 1953 - Gasar Kanada ta Farko * 1959 - Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙasa ta Maza ta Farko ta shiga Gasar Ƙasa ta Duniya (Wasanni na Pan Am) * 1964 - Tokyo, An ba da sunayen sarauta na farko ga Japan (Mata) da USSR (Maza) * 1968 - Kanada da Amurka sun shiga yankin Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean, wanda daga baya ya zama sananne da NORCECA. * 1972 - Lambar farko ta kasa da kasa ta lashe lambar yabo ta Ƙungiyar Maza ta Kanada ta hanyar sanya na uku a gasar NORCECA a Mexico. * 1976 - Kanada ta karbi bakuncin wasannin Olympic na Montreal * 1977 - Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Mata da Mata na Farko * 1977 - Ƙungiyar Maza ta Kanada ta lashe lambar tagulla a Wasannin Pan Am - babbar lambar wasan farko. * 1980 - Lambar Zinare ta farko ta Kanada ta lashe lambar yabo ta duniya - NORCECA Junior's - Mata (Calgary, Kanada) * 1983 - Kanada ta karbi bakuncin Wasannin Universiade a Edmonton. Mutanen Kanada sun cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta 1984 ta hanyar doke Cuba * 1984 - Mutanen Kanada sun ƙare na hudu a Wasannin Olympics na Los Angeles * 1990 - FIVB ya gabatar da Gasar Duniya * 1991 - Mutanen Kanada sun shiga karo na farko a gasar cin kofin duniya * 1991 - Kanada ta karbi bakuncin gasar NORCECA a Regina kuma Kungiyar Kanada Maza sun cancanci gasar Olympics ta 1992 * 1996 - Kanada ta karbi bakuncin NORCECA masu cancantar shiga gasar Olympics na maza da mata * 1996 - Kungiyar Matan Kanada sun shiga gasar Olympics a Atlanta * 1996 - Wasan kwallon raga na bakin teku ya fara halarta a matsayin cikakken wasan yabo a wasannin Olympics na Atlanta * 1996 - 'Yan Kanada John Child da Mark Heese sun lashe lambar tagulla don wasan volleyball na bakin teku a gasar Olympics ta Atlanta. * 1998 - Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Kanada ta yi nasara a NORCECA don samun cancantar shiga Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Junior. * 1999 - Kanada ta dawo Gasar Duniya ta Maza kuma ta taka leda a cikinta don lokutan 1999 da 2000 * 1999 - Kanada ta karbi bakuncin Gasar Mata ta Duniya na Mata a Saskatoon/Edmonton * 1999 - Kanada ta lashe lambar tagulla na cikin gida na maza da lambar zinare na Tekun Maza ( Conrad Leinemann / Jody Holden ) a *1999 Pan Am Games a Winnipeg * 1999 - Sabbin Dokokin wasan * 2000 - Tawagar nakasassu ta maza ta Kanada ta sami lambar azurfa a wasannin nakasassu na 2000 na Sydney * 2002 - Ƙungiyoyin cikin gida na maza da mata na Kanada sun cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin duniya * 2002 - Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙasa ta Duniya ta Duniya ta 2002 == Duba kuma ==   * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta Kanada * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Kanada * Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza ta ƙasar Kanada == Manazarta == <references /> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://volleyball.ca Volleyball Kanada] [[Category: Wasanni a Kanada]] f2x7fngizg9w619ebq62wntuh8vmnsb 0 44158 547678 434595 2024-11-28T19:15:02Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 547678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Oba Michael Olabayo''' ( an haife shi 4 Maris 1945 – 15 May 2016) an haife shi a gidan sarauta na Ajinuhi na dangin Ilajo a ranar 4 ga Maris din shekarar ta 1945. Oba Michael Olobayo shi ne Shugaban Majalissar Gargajiya ta yankin Okun. Ya fara girma a yankin Kabba a Okun land inda ya halarci Makarantar Katolika ta St Mary's Primary School. Ya kammala karatunsa na firamare kuma ya samu admission a St Augustine’s College Kabba a shekarar ta 1959.{Ina ganin akwai kuskure a makarantarsa ​​ta sakandare. Na tuna sarai cewa Michael Olobayo yana Kwalejin Gwamnati Keffi. Yanzu dai garin Keffi yana cikin jihar Nassarawa amma a lokacin yana cikin lardin Benuwai na yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Haka na san Michael Olobayo. Kwalejin gwamnati ta Keffi a lokacin tana daya daga cikin makarantun sakandare uku model na Arewacin Najeriya da aka tura yara daga dukkan larduna. An shigar da ni makarantar a shekarar 1962 kuma na hadu da Michael Olobayo a aji hudu. Ba na jin ya halarci St. Augustine's College Kabba kamar yadda aka yi ikirari a cikin wannan rubuce-rubucen.) Ya mallaki takardar shedar sakandare (HSC) a St John’s College Kaduna. Ya kuma kasance mai yawan motsa jiki yayin da yake makaranta kuma ya shiga wasanni da dama. Shi ne ya fi gudu gudu a St John's College Kaduna, kuma an sanya masa suna VC-10 bayan mafi saurin gudu a wancan zamani. Ya kammala babbar jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da B.A Hons a tarihi a shekarar ta 1970. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oba_Michael_Olobayo_(Obaro_Ero_Il)</ref> ==Rayuwarsa da Mutuwarsa== Obaro na Kabba a jihar Kogi, Oba Michael Olobayo ya rasu yana da shekaru 71 a duniya. Da yake sanar da rasuwar basaraken gargajiya mai daraja ta daya a Kabba ranar Lahadi, Obadofin na Oweland, Cif Mike Yusuff, ya ce ya rasu ne a ranar 21 ga watan Mayu. An dade ana ta yada labarin mutuwarsa. Majiyar fadar ta ce Olobayo ya rasu ne bayan ya shafe kusan watanni uku yana jinya. Marigayin, wanda ya hau karagar mulki a ranar 17 ga Oktoban shekarata 1985, ya fito ne daga kabilar Ajibohokun na gidan sarautar Ilajo, kuma shi ne shugaban majalisar gargajiya ta Kabba. A bisa al'adar garin, Yusuff ya ba da sanarwar zaman makoki na makonni uku don girmama sarkin da ya rasu. Ya ce za a yi taruka a kullum da sauran sarakuna kan yadda za a yi wa Olobayo jana’izar da ta dace, inda ya bukaci mazauna yankin su rika gudanar da harkokinsu na yau da kullum ba tare da wata fargaba ba. Obadofin ya kuma yi kira da a yi addu’a ga marigayi mai mulki, da iyalansa da kuma garin baki daya. Ya bayyana zaman Olabayo a matsayin zaman lafiya kuma lokaci ne na ci gaba da ci gaba ga Kabba da ’yan asalinsa. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Mutuwan 2016]] ltvs4dfdf306kl2yfrbj5omie5tbc8c 0 44198 548061 356586 2024-11-29T02:28:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nichole Banna''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Virgin Mary''' yar wasan Nollywood ce kuma furodusa wacce ta fito a fina-finai daban-daban. Ita ce ta shirya fim ɗin, Icheke Oku wanda ya fito daga Igbo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=sunnews |date=2017-04-09 |title=Why they call me Virgin Mary – Nichole Banna, actress |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/why-they-call-me-virgin-mary-nichole-banna-actress/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-us}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2019-10-26 |title=My guardians opposed my acting career — Nichole Banna |url=https://punchng.com/my-guardians-opposed-my-acting-career-nichole-banna/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Kamar yadda wata hira da jaridar Punch da sunnews ta yi da ita, jarumar Nollywood ’yar asalin jihar Imo ta tafi makarantar Oliver Heights international da ke Portharcourt don karatun firamare da kuma makarantar Emmy Norberton International domin karatun sakandare. Ta samu takardar B.Sc. digiri a kimiyyar kwamfuta a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar River]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Ta fito a fina-finai daban-daban kuma ta shirya fim mai suna Icheke Oku.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=2016-07-22 |title=Watch Blossom Chukwujekwu, Nichole Banna, Daniel K Daniel in Igbo movie |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/icheke-oku-watch-blossom-chukwujekwu-nichole-banna-daniel-k-daniel-in-igbo-movie/w8kz6vx |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804034553/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/icheke-oku-watch-blossom-chukwujekwu-nichole-banna-daniel-k-daniel-in-igbo-movie/w8kz6vx |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Fina-finai=== *Icheke Oku<ref name=":2" /> *''[[Bound (2018 film)|Bound]]''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-17 |title=Lilian Afeghai debut movie, bound, hits the cinemas |url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/lilian-afeghai-debut-movie-bound-hits-the-cinemas/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004072426/https://m.guardian.ng/art/lilian-afeghai-debut-movie-bound-hits-the-cinemas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-11 |title=Lilian Afegbai makes production debut with ‘Bound’ |url=https://punchng.com/lilian-afegbai-makes-production-debut-with-bound/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> *Deepest cut<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-01 |title=Matilda Lambert, Majid Michel go for broke in ‘Deepest Cut’ |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/matilda-lambert-majid-michel-go-broke-deepest-cut/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> *Just one night<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-15 |title=Lizzygold Onuwaje’s second movie, ‘Just a night’, pitches Majid Michel against Femi Jacobs |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/07/lizzygold-onuwajes-second-movie-just-night-pitches-majid-michel-femi-jacobs/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Kyauta da gabatarwa == * An zaɓe ta a matsayin Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin jagorancin Role a lambar yabo ta BON, 2016..<ref>{{Cite web |last=Augoye |first=Jayne |date=2016-12-14 |title=Alexx Ekubo, Yomi Fabiyi, Toyin Aihmakhu, others bag BON Awards |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/217894-alexx-ekubo-yomi-fabiyi-toyin-aihmakhu-others-bag-bon-awards.html |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Duba kuma == ** Jumoke Odetola ** [[Bound (2018 film)]] ** Matilda Lambert ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] hukt7qwty59c5rjn2lkzlwvw9exoggq 0 44662 547606 503248 2024-11-28T17:13:37Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cuvier - Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, tome 24.djvu|thumb|Littafi kan amadou ciss]] [[Fayil:Arnold Houtain - Li sermint d’amour, 1891.djvu|thumb|Amadou Ciss]] '''Amadou Ciss''' (an haife shi 10 ga watan Afrilun 1999) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne kuma ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga Amiens.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200206013743/https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWYC/2019/pdf/FWYC_2019_SquadLists.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/amadou-ciss/</ref> == Aikin kulob == A ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairun 2022, Ciss ya rattaɓa hannu tare da Adanaspor a Turkiyya.<ref>https://www.adanaspor.com.tr/haberler/amadou-ciss-adanasporumuzda-1644348765</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1999]] 6o6m3ogt1stpscqpr0o18q355auox2s 0 44832 547691 239235 2024-11-28T19:31:22Z Maryamarh 29382 Gyara kalmomi da ƙa'idojin rubutu 547691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cherif Dieye,''' (an haife shi ranar 11 ga watan Janairun,1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger na ƙungiyar USL League One Central Valley Fuego. == Sana'a == === Matasa & kwaleji === Dieye ya buga wasanni uku tare da IMG Academy a [[Florida]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://imga.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400543&player=34258202 |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2020-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718230430/http://imga.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400543&player=34258202 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kafin ya je wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Louisville a cikin shekarar 2016.<ref>https://gocards.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/cherif-dieye/9448</ref> A lokacin da yake tare da Cardinal, Dieye ya buga wasanni 80, ya zura ƙwallaye 19 sannan ya zura ƙwallaye takwas. A cikin shekarar 2018, an ba shi suna ACC Championship All-Gasa Team da All-ACC Uku Team, kuma a cikin shekarar 2019 USC All-South Region Na biyu Team da All-ACC Na biyu Team.<ref>https://www.mlssoccer.com/players/cherif-dieye/</ref> === Ƙwararren === A ranar 9 ga watan Janairu, 2020, an zaɓi Dieye 15th gaba ɗaya a cikin shekarar 2020 MLS SuperDraft ta New York Red Bulls.<ref>https://gocards.com/news/2020/1/9/mens-soccer-dieye-selected-by-new-york-red-bulls-in-the-mls-superdraft.aspx</ref> Ya sanya hannu tare da ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa ta USL Championship New York Red Bulls II a ranar 2 ga watan Maris, 2020.<ref>https://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/new-york-red-bulls-ii-sign-midfielder-cherif-dieye</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a ranar 17 ga watan Yuli, 2020, yana farawa da Hartford Athletic.<ref>https://www.uslchampionship.com/newyorkredbullsii-hartfordathletic-2092925</ref> Red Bulls II ya sake shi a ranar 30 ga watan Nuwamba,2020.<ref>https://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/new-york-red-bulls-ii-announce-end-year-roster-decisions</ref> A ranar 2 ga watan Mayu,2022, Dieye ya sanya hannu tare da USL League One gefen Tsakiyar Valley Fuego.<ref>https://www.fuegofc.com/news/2022/05/02/midfielder-cherif-dieye-signs-with-central-valley-fuego-fc/</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://gocards.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/cherif-dieye/9448 Cherif Dieye] na Jami'ar Louisville Athletics [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1997]] avjkp1gvm9phoajhfkma7zol4ngs9fi 0 45463 548066 524306 2024-11-29T03:11:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nungua''' birni ne, da ke a Gundumar Municipal Krowor a cikin [[Yankin Greater Accra|Babban yankin Accra]] a kudu maso gabashin [[Ghana]] kusa da bakin teku.<ref name="Touring Ghana - Greater Accra Region">[http://www.touringghana.com/regions/greateraccra_region.asp Touring Ghana – Greater Accra Region] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411133930/http://www.touringghana.com/regions/greateraccra_region.asp |date=11 April 2012 }}</ref> Nungua ita ce [[Matsugunni|wurin zama]] na goma sha takwas mafi [[mwod:populous|yawan jama'a]] a Ghana, dangane da yawan jama'ar, da suka kai dubu 84,119.<ref name="World Gazetteer">{{cite web |url=http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-85&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155500/http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-85&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 September 2007 |title=World Gazetteer online |publisher=World-gazetteer.com }}</ref> == Siyasa == Nungua na cikin mazaɓar [[Krowor]] ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Agnes Naa Momo Lartey]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Election-2020-NDC-s-Naa-Momo-defeats-Fisheries-Minister-for-Krowor-seat-1129523|title=member of parliament of krowor|date=9 December 2020}}</ref> memba na [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ndc.org.gh/ |title=National Democratic Congress - Unity, Stability and Development,National Democratic Congress |access-date=13 June 2021 |archive-date=5 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905085010/https://www.ndc.org.gh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda ya gaji [[Elizabeth Afoley Quaye]] na jam'iyyar [[New Patriotic Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newpatrioticparty.org/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-27 |archive-date=2012-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917021736/http://www.newpatrioticparty.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Al'adu == Mutanen Nungua Ga Adangbes, suna bikin Kpledzoo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200505180190.html|title=kpledzoo with a difference}}</ref> Suna cikin dangi takwas, wato: Nii Mantse We, Nii Moi We, Nii Borte We, Nii Adzin We, Nii Borkwei We, Nii Osokrono Mu, Nii Odarteitse Mu, da Nii Djenge Mu. Babban sarkin Nungua shine Sarki (Dr) Odaifio Welentsi III.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/education/motivate-teachers-to-give-their-best-dr-odaifio-welentsi.html|title=Motivate teachers to give their best — Dr Odaifio Welentsi|date=2017-06-26|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-10-21}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ana kuma iya samun damar samun ilimi a kowane matakin karatu a Nungua. Manyan makarantun birnin sun haɗa da: === Makarantun gaba da sakandare === * Jami'ar, [[Regional Maritime University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rmu.edu.gh/web/|title=Regional Maritime University|website=Regional Maritime University|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-21|archive-date=2019-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021211555/http://rmu.edu.gh/web/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Lawh Open University College.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.laweh.edu.gh/|title=Home - Laweh Laweh Open University Ghana|website=Laweh|language=en|access-date=2019-10-21|archive-date=2022-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203112723/https://www.laweh.edu.gh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Makarantar Horar da Bankin GCB.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gh.geoview.info/gcb_training_school_nungua,2151944572n|title=GCB Training School Nungua, Greater Accra, Ghana|website=gh.geoview.info|access-date=2019-10-21}}</ref> === Makarantun Gaba da Firamare === * Makarantar Sakandare ta Nungua.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/07/20-nungua-shs-students-collapse-rushed-to-hospital/|title=20 Nungua SHS students collapse, rushed to hospital|date=2018-07-03|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana, Current Affairs, Business News, Headlines, Ghana Sports, Entertainment, Politics|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-21}}</ref> * Nungua Presbyterian Secondary Commercial School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/telephone_directory/companydetails.php?CN=597509|title=Ghana Telephone Directory : Nungua Presbyterian Secondary Commercial, Accra|website=www.ghanaweb.com|access-date=2019-10-21}}</ref> * St Peter's Anglican Senior High School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200506090102.html|title=Nungua Donates to St. Peter's Anglican School}}</ref> * Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africaschoolsonline.com/user/|title=User|date=2017-06-07|website=Africa Schools Online|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-21}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Makarantun a matakin farko (na kowa da kowa-public) === * Nungua Methodist '1' Basic School * Nungua Methodist '2' Basic School * St. Paul Anglican Basic Schools * Nungua Lekma Basic Schools * Nungua Presby Basic Schools.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.coursesghana.com/schools/schools-by-location/nungua|title=schools in Nungua}}</ref> == Sufuri == Ana samun damar shiga birnin Nungua ta hanyar [[layin dogo]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/business/2019/January-30th/ghana-railway-company-starts-a-two-week-free-ride.php|title=Ghana Railway Company starts a two-week free ride|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=2019-10-21}}</ref> hanya/titi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-promises-interchange-at-Nungua-dualization-of-Beach-Road-769640|title=Akufo-Addo promises interchange at Nungua, dualization of Beach Road|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-21|archive-date=2019-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021211551/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-promises-interchange-at-Nungua-dualization-of-Beach-Road-769640|url-status=dead}}</ref> da ta teku. Tashar jirgin ƙasan ce ta hanyar sadarwa ta gabas na tsarin layin dogo na ƙasa. An gyara wata gada da ta daina aiki na wani lokaci a shekarar 2009. Taksi, tro tro (karamin bas), Metro Transit Buses suna kan hanya. Mutanen gari kuma suna amfani da kwale-kwale a bakin rairayin teku.<ref name="ouring Ghana - Greater Accra Region">[http://www.touringghana.com/regions/greateraccra_region.asp Touring Ghana – Greater Accra Region] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411133930/http://www.touringghana.com/regions/greateraccra_region.asp |date=11 April 2012 }}. touringghana.com.</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Tashoshin Jiragen Ƙasa a Ghana|Tashoshin jirgin kasa a Ghana]] * Elizabeth Afoley Quaye ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Coord|05|36|00|N|00|04|00|W}} rp8t3gya6cqwrtfree68ot48ogxchoa 0 46022 547694 474532 2024-11-28T19:33:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=Kofar Na isa|image=Kofar Naisa - Kano City Gate.jpg}} [[Fayil:Ancient City Gates of Kano Ƙofar Naisa.jpg|thumb|Gate din kofar NA isa]] '''Kofar Na'isa''' tana daga cikin manyan kofofin kano me tarihi, A lokacin sarkin kano [[Muhammadu Na Zaki]] Dan Zaki ana kiran wannan Kofar da suna (Kofar Dogo), An gina wannan Kofa lokacin da aka saka mata Suna Kofar Na'isa A shekarar (867 zuwa 904 A.H ) wacce tayi dai dai da shekara ta (1463 zuwa 1499M ), Itama wannan kofar Sarkin kano [[Muhammadu Rumfa]] ne ya gina ta a karni na 15century.<ref>Bahago, Ahmad. Kano ta dabo tumbin giwa: tarihin unguwannin Kano da mazaunanta da ganuwa da kofofin Gari. Nigeria, Munawwar Books Foundation, 1998.</ref> Tana cikin Kara mar Hukumar [[Gwale (Kano)|Gwale]] da ke Birnin [[Kano Municipal|Kano]].<ref>Sufi, Husaini Ahmad. Wali Sulaimanu a tarihin Kano. Nigeria: Mali-Nasara Press, 1993.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Kano (jiha)]] [[Category:Tarihi]] ka82y24pfima7lrgqoznzgfz2s0fpxk 0 47048 547674 517208 2024-11-28T19:10:40Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 547674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:NFL2021 - Washington Football Team at. Buffalo Bills 121 (51529933381).jpg|thumb|Bill Antonio]] '''Bill Leeroy Antonio''' (an haife shi ranar 3 ga watan Satumba 2002) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger a ƙungiyar [[Gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Zimbabwe|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta Dinamos ta Zimbabwe, da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Zimbabwe.<ref>"DeMbare Schoolboy Bill Antonio Makes Warriors Debut – ZimEye" .</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Antonio ya buga wasansa na farko na kasa da kasa tare da tawagar kasar Zimbabwe a ci 1-0 2022 na cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a Afirka ta Kudu a ranar 11 ga watan Nuwamba 2021.<ref>Strack-Zimmermann, Benjamin. "South Africa vs. Zimbabwe (1:0)" . www.national-football-teams.com</ref> Ya kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan kasar Zimbabwe a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka na shekarar ta 2021.<ref>"Afcon 2021: A Zimbabwe squad is named despite threat of a Fifa ban" . BBC Sport . 29 December 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|84629}} * {{Soccerway|bill-antonio/802319}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2002]] 0wq2meu95nxlwplas9ukinb2c6cu984 0 47277 547747 438715 2024-11-28T20:26:47Z Saudarh2 14842 547747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} '''Tulsa''' (/ˈtʌlsə/) shi ne birni na biyu mafi girma a cikin jihar Oklahoma kuma birni na 47 mafi yawan jama'a a [[Amurka]]. Yawan jama'a ya kai 413,066 a ƙidayar 2020.<ref>https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/tulsacityoklahoma/POP010220</ref> Ita ce babbar gundumar Tulsa, babban birni, yanki mai mazauna 1,023,988. Garin yana aiki a matsayin wurin zama na gundumar Tulsa, mafi yawan jama'a a Oklahoma,<ref>https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=TU008</ref> tare da haɓaka biranen da ke haɓaka zuwa gundumomin Osage, Rogers da Wagoner.<ref>https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/tulsacityoklahoma/PST045222</ref> An zaunar da Tulsa tsakanin shekarar 1828 zuwa shekara ta 1836 ta Lochapoka Band of Creek 'Yan asalin kabilar Amurka kuma mafi yawancin Tulsa har yanzu suna cikin yankin Muscogee (Creek) Nation<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-oklahoma/u-s-supreme-court-deems-half-of-oklahoma-a-native-american-reservation-idUSKBN24A268</ref> A tarihi, sashin makamashi mai ƙarfi ya ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin Tulsa; duk da haka, a yau birnin ya bambanta kuma manyan sassan sun hada da kudi, sufurin jiragen sama, sadarwa da fasaha.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20060901121037/http://tulsaok.usachamber.com/custom2.asp?pageid=1190</ref> Cibiyoyi biyu na manyan makarantu a cikin birni suna da ƙungiyoyin wasanni a matakin NCAA Division I: Jami'ar Oral Roberts da Jami'ar Tulsa. Hakanan, Jami'ar Oklahoma tana da harabar sakandare a Cibiyar Tulsa Schusterman, kuma Jami'ar Jihar Oklahoma tana da harabar sakandare da ke cikin garin Tulsa. A cikin mafi yawan karni na 20, birnin yana da lakabin "Babban birnin Mai na Duniya" kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ga masana'antar mai ta [[Amurka]].<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/08/27/travel/what-s-doing-in-tulsa.html</ref> Tana kan kogin Arkansas tsakanin tsaunin Osage da tsaunin tsaunukan Ozark a arewa maso gabashin Oklahoma, wani yanki na jihar da aka fi sani da "Green Country". An yi la'akari da cibiyar al'adu da fasaha ta Oklahoma,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://tulsaworld.com/business/article.aspx?articleID=070419_5_E4_spanc55548 |access-date=2023-04-16 |archive-date=2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718035514/http://www.tulsaworld.com/business/article.aspx?articleID=070419_5_E4_spanc55548 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>"Tulsa, Oklahoma: Recreation". City Data. 2006. Retrieved May 6, 2007.[unreliable source?]</ref>Tulsa ta gina gidajen kayan gargajiya biyu na fasaha, ƙwararrun opera na cikakken lokaci da kamfanonin ballet, kuma ɗayan mafi girman al'adun gargajiya na al'umma.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070627065030/http://www.okcommerce.gov/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=332&Itemid=413</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} t86q5dfpgl6d0suchhe16ik8slkvl83 0 47431 547587 471063 2024-11-28T16:53:59Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} [[Fayil:Khalid khalifa.jpg|thumb|Khaled Khalifa Al-Shammari ɗan wasan tsere ne yayi ma ƙasar sa gudin kilomitar 1500]] [[Fayil:Khalid khalifa.jpg|thumb|Khaled Khalifa Al-Shammari]] '''Khaled Khalifa Al-Shammari''' ɗan tseren tsakiyar tazara ne na [[Kuwaiti (ƙasa)|ƙasar Kuwait]]. Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a tseren mita 1500 na maza a gasar Olympics ta bazarar 1980. Lokacinsa shine 3:57.55. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200222114734/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/search/athlete_search.cgi?search=khaled+khalifa+Sports Khaled Khalifa at Sports Reference] Reference</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1957]] 793wrvh4xkv5hirna72b5gntyn75aye 0 49042 547828 258721 2024-11-28T21:21:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kungiyar raya kasashe masu ci gaba''' ( '''IGAD''' ) kungiya ce ta kasuwanci tsakanin kasashe takwas a [[Afirka]] . Ya hada da gwamnatoci daga Kahon Afirka, [[Nil|Kwarin Nilu]] da Manyan Tafkunan Afirka . Tana da hedikwata a [[Jibuti (birni)|Djibouti]] . == Kasashe membobi == ; Kahon Afirka * {{Flag|Djibouti}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) * {{Flag|Ethiopia}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) * {{Flag|Somalia}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) * {{Flag|Eritrea}} (an saka ta a1993, an cire ta a 2007, an sake saka ta a 2011<ref>{{cite web |title=Intergovernmental Authority on Development: About us: History |publisher=IGAD |date=9 January 2010 |url=http://www.igad.org/ |access-date=29 December 2014 |archive-date=8 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208164236/http://www.igad.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>) ; Kogin Nilu * {{Flag|Sudan}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) * {{Flag|South Sudan}} (an saka ta a 2011,<ref>{{cite web |title=East African bloc admits South Sudan as member |publisher=Reuters Africa |date=25 November 2011 |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE7AO0A820111125 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505123658/http://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE7AO0A820111125 |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 May 2012 |access-date=25 October 2012}}</ref> an dakatar da ita a 2021<ref>{{Cite web|last=Şafak|first=Yeni|title=Regional bloc suspends South Sudan's membership over failure to pay fees|url=https://www.yenisafak.com/en/world/regional-bloc-suspends-south-sudans-membership-over-failure-to-pay-fees-3585922|access-date=2021-12-11|website=Yeni Şafak|language=tr-TR}}</ref>) ; Manyan Tafkunan Afirka * {{Flag|Kenya}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) * {{Flag|Uganda}} (tana cikin abokan samarwa tun 1986) == Samuwar == An kafa hukumar raya kasa ta kasa da kasa a shekarar 1996. Ta yi nasara a farko tun daga farko hukumar kula da fari da ci gaba (IGADD), kungiyar kasashe da dama da Djibouti, Habasha, Somaliya, Sudan, Uganda da Kenya suka kafa a shekarar 1986, tare da mai da hankali kan raya kasa da kiyaye muhalli. Daga baya aka mayar da hedkwatar IGADD zuwa Djibouti, bayan wata yarjejeniya da kasashe mambobin kungiyar suka sanya wa hannu a watan Janairun 1986. Eritrea ta shiga kungiyar ne a shekarar 1993, bayan samun 'yancin kai. A cikin Afrilu 1995, Majalisar Shugabannin Kasashe da gwamnatoci sun hadu a [[Addis Abeba|Addis Ababa]], inda suka amince da karfafa hadin gwiwa ta kungiyar. An bi wannan tare da rattaba hannu kan Wasiƙar Kayan aiki don Gyara Yarjejeniyar / Yarjejeniyar IGADD akan 21 Maris 1996. Revitalized IGAD, sabon tsarin kungiya, an ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1996 a Djibouti.<ref name="Igadau">{{cite web|title=IGAD - About us|url=http://www.igad.int/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=93&Itemid=124|publisher=Intergovernmental Authority on Development|access-date=25 August 2013}}</ref> == IGASOM/AMISOM == A cikin watan Satumban 2006, kwamitin zaman lafiya da tsaro na AU ya amince da shawarar IGAD na tura tawagar tallafawa zaman lafiya ta IGAD a Somaliya (IGASOM).<ref name="Sauerpp">{{cite news|title=SOMALIA: African Union endorses regional peace plan|url=http://ports.co.za/news/article_2006_09_15_3438.html#five|access-date=25 August 2013|newspaper=IRIN|date=14 September 2006}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Fabrairun 2007, Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da kuduri mai lamba 1744, wanda ya ba da izinin tura sabuwar tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Tarayyar Afirka zuwa Somaliya (AMISOM) a madadin IGASOM.<ref name="UN_SRES17442007">{{cite web|title=Resolution 1744 (2007)|url=http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Documents/1744.pdf|publisher=United Nations Security Council|access-date=25 August 2013}}</ref> == Halin da ake ciki == * IGAD babbar mai goyan bayan gwamnatin tarayyar Somaliya ne kuma ta tallafa mata ta hanyar ayyukan AMISOM da ATMIS . * IGAD ta fadada ayyukanta a shekara ta 2008 tare da shirye-shiryen inganta harkokin zuba jari, kasuwanci da bankunan kasashe mambobin kungiyar. Kungiyar ta jaddada tura sabbin tsare-tsare da dabaru. == Tsarin == * '''Majalisar shugabannin kasa da gwamnatoci''' ita ce babbar hukumar tsara manufofin gwamnati. Yana ƙayyade manufofi, jagorori da shirye-shirye na IGAD kuma yana saduwa sau ɗaya a shekara. Ana zabar shugaba daga cikin kasashe membobi a kan karba-karba. * '''Sakatariyar''' na karkashin jagorancin Babban Sakatare ne da Majalisar Shugabannin Kasa da gwamnatoci suka nada na tsawon shekaru hudu da za a sabunta sau daya. Sakatariyar na taimaka wa kasashe mambobin kungiyar wajen tsara ayyukan yanki a fannonin da suka fi ba da fifiko, da saukaka daidaitawa da daidaita manufofin ci gaba, tattara albarkatu don aiwatar da ayyukan yanki da shirye-shiryen da majalisar ta amince da shi da kuma karfafa abubuwan more rayuwa na kasa da suka dace don aiwatar da ayyuka da manufofin yankin. Sakataren zartarwa na yanzu shine Workneh Gebeyehu na Habasha (tun 29 ga Nuwamba 2019). * '''Majalisar ministocin''' ta kunshi ministocin harkokin waje da kuma minista daya da kowace kasa membobi ta nada. Majalisar tana tsara manufofi, ta amince da shirin aiki da kasafin kuɗin sakatariya a duk lokacin zamanta na shekara-shekara. * '''Kwamitin Jakadun''' ya kunshi Jakadun kasashe mambobin kungiyar IGAD ko kuma masu rike da madafun iko da aka amince da su a hedikwatar IGAD. Yana yin taro a duk lokacin da bukatar hakan ta taso don ba da shawara da ja-gorar Sakataren Zartarwa. Ambasada Mahboub Maalim ya mikawa Workneh Gebeyehu a matsayin Babban Sakatare a karshen shekarar 2019. Malim, wanda Kenya ta zaba, ya yi aiki daga 2008 zuwa 2019. == Kwatanta da sauran ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci na yanki == == Bayanan kula == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://igad.int/ Kungiyar IGAD] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927160932/http://www.igad.org/about/agreement_establishing_igad.pdf Yarjejeniyar Kafa Hukumar Cigaban Ƙasashen Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050422131644/http://www.iss.co.za/AF/RegOrg/unity_to_union/igadprof.htm Bayanin IGAD (Cibiyar Nazarin Tsaro)] * [http://www.cewarn.org/ Tsarin Gargaɗi na Farko na Rikici da Tsarin Amsa (CEWARN)] [[Category:Afrika]] 35mfzj3z1wrfcatqw4gttghthkqxksu 0 49052 547622 544782 2024-11-28T18:01:50Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547622 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Research-Warner-Highsmith.jpeg|thumb| Basrelief sculpture "Bincike rike da fitilar ilimi" (1896) na ''Olin Levi Warner'' . Library of Congress, Thomas Jefferson Building, a Washington, DC]] [[Fayil:Mitarbeiterin der EMPA in St-Gallen.jpg|thumb|biciken ilimi]] '''Bincike:''' A kan kira shi da suna ''Nazari'' "wani aiki ne da ya shafi binciko ababe da zasu yada [[ilimi]] acikin sauki ga [[manazarta]] ko akan hadaka akan tarin ilimi ". Bincike ya kunshi tattarawa, tsari da kuma nazarin shaida don kara fahimtar wani batu, wanda, ke nuna kulawa ta musamman ga sarrafa tushen son zuciya da kuskure. Wadannan ayyukan suna da alaqa da lissafin [[Kuɗi|kudi]] da sarrafawa don son zuciya. Ayyukan bincike na iya zama fadada akan aikin da ya gabata a fagen nazarin. Don gwada ingancin kayan aiki, matakai, ko gwaje-gwaje, bincike na iya maimaita abubuwan ayyukan da suka gabata ko aikin gaba daya. Manufofin farko na bincike na asali (kamar yadda ya Kuma saba da binciken da aka yi amfani da shi ) sune takardun shaida, ganowa, fassarar, da bincike da ci gaba (R&D) hanyoyin da tsarin, don ci gaban ilimin dan adam. Hanyoyi zuwa bincike sun dogara ne akan [[Epistemology|ilimin zamani]], wadanda suka bambanta da yawa a ciki da tsakanin dan adam da [[kimiyya]]. Akwai nau'ukan bincike da yawa: kimiyya, dan adam, [[Art|fasaha]], [[Arziƙi|tattalin arziki,]] [[zamantakewa]], kasuwanci, tallace-tallace, bincike mai aiki, rayuwa, [[fasaha]], da dai sauransu. Nazarin [[kimiyya]] na ayyukan bincike an san shi da bincike-meta . '''Mai bincike''' shine mutumin da ke gudanar da bincike, maiyuwa an gane shi a matsayin san toa'a ta wurin aikin aiki na yau da kullun. Masu bincike ko dai Masanin Kimiyyar Jama'a ne ko Masanin Kimiyyar Halitta. Domin ya zama mai binciken zamantakewa ko masanin zamantakewa, ya kamata mutum ya sami ilimi mai yawa akan batutuwan da suka shafi ilimin zamantakewa wadanda suka kware a ciki. Haka nan, domin ya zama mai binciken kimiyyar dabi’a, [[mutum]] ya kamata ya samu ilimi a fagen da ya shafi kimiyyar halitta (Physics, Chemistry, [[Biology]], Astronomy, Zoology da sauransu). == Etymology == [[File:Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg|thumb| [[Aristotle]], (384-322 BC), daya daga cikin alkaluma na farko a cikin hadaka hanyar kimiyya ]] Kalmar ''bincike'' ta samo asali ne daga, [[Faransanci|Tsakiyar Faransanci]] " ''recherche'' ", wanda ke nufin "ci gaba da neman", kalmar da kanta ta samo asali ne daga tsohuwar kalmar [[Faransanci]] " ''recerchier'' " kalma mai mahimmanci daga "re-" + "cerchier", ko " Sercher", ma'ana 'bincike'. Farkon amfani da kalmar ta kasance a cikin 1577. <ref name="Merriam_webster" /> == Ma'anoni == An bayyana bincike ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma yayin da akwai kamanceceniya, ba a cikin su bayyana ma'anar guda daya, mai tattare da komai ba, wanda duk wanda ya shiga cikinsa ya runguma. Bincike a cikin mafi sauki shine neman ilimi da neman gaskiya. A bisa tsari, nazari ne mai tsauri kan matsalar da wani dabarar da aka zaba da gangan ya kai hari wanda ya fara da zabar hanyar shirya wani tsari da aiki da shi ta fuskar zayyana hasashen bincike, zabar hanyoyi da dabaru, zabi ko hadaka kayan aikin tattara bayanai, sarrafa bayanai, fassara da kare tare da gabatar da mafita/matsalolin. Wani ma'anar bincike ya ba da John W. Creswell, wanda ya bayyana cewa "bincike wani tsari ne na matakan da ake amfani da su don tattarawa da kuma nazarin bayanai don kara fahimtar wani batu ko batu". Ya kunshi matakai uku: gabatar da tambaya, tattara bayanai don amsa tambayar, da gabatar da amsar tambayar. Kamus, na kan layi na Merriam-Webster ya bayyana bincike dalla-dalla a matsayin "bincike ko jarrabawa; ''musamman'' : bincike ko gwaji da nufin ganowa da fassarar bayanai, bita kan ka'idoji ko dokoki da aka yarda da su ta fuskar sabbin bayanai, ko aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen irin wannan. Sabbin ka'idoji ko dokoki da aka sabunta." == Siffofin bincike == ==Asalin bincike== '''Binciken asali''', wanda ake kira '''bincike na farko''', bincike ne wanda ba a dogara kawai akan takaitawa, bita, ko hadin wallafe-wallafen da suka gabata a kan batun bincike ba. Wannan abu na asali ne na asali . Manufar bincike na asali shine don samar da sabon [[ilimi]], maimakon gabatar da ilimin da yake akwai a cikin sabon nau'i (misali, takaitawa ko rarrabawa). Binciken asali na iya kasancewa ta nau'i daban-daban, ya danganta da horon da ya shafi. A cikin aikin gwaji, yawanci ya kunshi kallon kai tsaye ko kai tsaye na abin da aka bincika, misali, a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko a fagen, rubuta hanyoyin, sakamako, da karshen gwaji ko saitin gwaje-gwaje, ko bayar da fassarar sabon labari. sakamakon baya. A cikin aikin tantancewa, yawanci ana samun wasu sabbin (misali) sakamakon lissafin da aka samar, ko sabuwar hanyar tunkarar matsalar data kasance. A cikin wasu batutuwa wadanda galibi ba su aiwatar da gwaji ko bincike irin wannan ba, asalinsu shine ta musamman hanyar canza fahimtar data kasance ko sake fassara bisa ga sakamakon aikin mai binciken . Matsayin, asalin binciken yana daga cikin manyan ma'auni don labaran da za a buga a cikin mujallu na ilimi kuma yawanci ana kafa su ta hanyar bitar takwarorinsu . <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=2847–50}}</ref> Daliban da suka kammala karatun ana buKatar yawanci don yin bincike na asali a matsayin wani bangare na kamus . ==Binciken kimiyya== [[File:Microscopy_lab.jpg|right|thumb| Ana gudanar da binciken kimiyya na farko a dakin gwaje-gwaje na microscope na dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasa na Idaho]] [[File:Alcator_C-Mod.jpg|right|thumb| Kayan aikin bincike na kimiyya a MIT]] [[File:RV_Sonne_2014_1.jpg|right|thumb| Jirgin ruwan binciken ruwa na Jamus <nowiki><i id="mwgw">Sonne</i></nowiki>]] '''[[Kimiyya|Binciken, kimiyya]]''' hanya ce mai tsauri ta tattara bayanai da amfani da son sani . Wannan bincike yana ba da bayanan kimiyya da ra'ayoyin don bayanin yanayi da kaddarorin duniya. Yana sa aikace-aikacen mai yiwuwa. Hukumomin jama'a ne, gungiyoyin agaji da gungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, wadanda suka hada da kamfanoni da yawa ke ba da kudin bincike na kimiyya. Za a iya raba binciken kimiyya zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban bisa ga nau'o'in ilimi da aikace-aikace. Binciken kimiyya wani ma'auni ne da aka fi amfani da shi wajen tantance matsayin jami'ar ilimi, amma wasu na ganin cewa irin wannan tantancewar ba daidai ba ce da aka yi wa cibiyar, saboda ingancin bincike ba ya nuna ingancin koyarwa (wadannan ba lallai ba ne su yi kama da juna). <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=13–43}}</ref> Gaba daya, ana fahimtar bincike don bin wani tsari na tsari . Kodayake tsari na mataki na iya bambanta dangane da batun da mai bincike, matakan da ke biyowa galibi suna cikin mafi yawan bincike na yau da kullun, duka na asali da kuma amfani da su: # Dubawa da samuwar maudu'in : Ya kunshi yanki na abin da mutum ke sha'awar da kuma bin wannan yanki don gudanar da bincike mai alaka. Bai kamata a zabi yanki ba da gangan tunda yana bukatar karanta dimbin adabi a kan maudu'in don tantance tazarar da ke cikin wallafe-wallafen da mai binciken ya yi niyyar takaitawa. Yana da kyau a sha'awar yankin batun da aka zaba. Binciken zai zama barata ta hanyar danganta mahimmancinsa zuwa ilimin da aka rigaya ya kasance game da batun. # Hasashe : Hasashen da za a iya gwadawa wanda ke nuna alakar da ke tsakanin masu canji biyu ko fiye. # Ma'anar ra'ayi : Bayanin ra'ayi ta hanyar danganta shi da wasu ra'ayoyi. # Ma'anar aiki : Cikakkun bayanai game da ayyana ma'auni da kuma yadda za a auna su a cikin binciken. # Tara bayanai : Ya kunshi gano yawan jama'a da zabar samfurori, tattara bayanai daga ko game da wadannan samfuran ta amfani da takamaiman kayan bincike. Dole ne kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don tattara bayanai su kasance masu inganci kuma abin dogaro. # Analysis of data : Ya kunshi ruguza guda daya na bayanan don yanke hukunci game da shi. # Fassarar Bayanai : Ana iya wakilta wannan ta cikin teburi, adadi, da hotuna, sannan aka bayyana su cikin kalmomi. # Gwaji, sake fasalin hasashe # karshe, maimaitawa idan ya cancanta Kuskure na gama gari shine za a tabbatar da hasashe (duba, a maimakon haka, hasashe mara kyau ). Gabadaya, ana amfani da hasashe don yin hasashen da za a iya gwadawa ta hanyar lura da sakamakon gwaji. Idan sakamakon bai dace da hasashe ba, to, an yi hasashe (duba lalata ). Duk da haka, idan sakamakon ya kasance daidai da hasashe, an ce gwajin don tallafawa hasashe. Ana amfani da wannan harshe mai hankali saboda masu bincike sun gane cewa madadin hasashe na iya yin daidai da abubuwan lura. Ta wannan ma'ana, ba za a taɓa iya tabbatar da hasashe ba, sai dai kawai ana goyan bayan ta hanyar tsira daga gwajin kimiyya kuma, a karshe, ana tunanin ko'ina a matsayin gaskiya. Hasashen mai amfani yana ba da damar tsinkaya kuma a cikin daidaiton lura da lokacin, za a tabbatar da hasashen. Yayin da daidaiton abin lura ke inganta tare da lokaci, hasashe na iya daina ba da ingantaccen hasashen. A wannan yanayin, wani sabon hasashe zai taso don ƙalubalantar tsohon, kuma gwargwadon yadda sabon hasashe ya yi hasashen hasashen da ya fi na tsohon, sabon zai maye gurbinsa. Masu bincike kuma za su iya amfani da hasashe maras tushe, wanda bai fadi wata alaqa ko bambanci tsakanin masu canji masu zaman kansu ko masu dogaro ba. ==Binciken a cikin dan adam== '''Bincike a cikin ilimin dan adam''' ya ƙunshi hanyoyi daban-daban kamar misali hermeneutics da semiotics . Masana ilimin dan adam yawanci ba sa nemo madaidaicin amsar tambaya, a maimakon haka, suna bincika batutuwa da cikakkun bayanai da ke kewaye da ita. Magana koyaushe yana da mahimmanci, kuma mahallin na iya zama zamantakewa, tarihi, siyasa, al'adu, ko kabilanci. Misali na bincike a cikin dan adam shine bincike na tarihi, wanda ke cikin hanyar tarihi . Masana tarihi suna amfani da tushe na farko da wasu shaidu don bincikar wani batu cikin tsari, sannan su rubuta tarihi ta hanyar lissafin abubuwan da suka gabata. Sauran nazarin na nufin kawai bincika abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin al'ummomi da al'ummomi, ba tare da neman dalilai ko dalilai na yin bayanin wadannan ba. Wadannan karatun na iya zama masu inganci ko kididdigewa, kuma suna iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar ka'idar kwakkwaran ko ka'idar mata. <ref name="Roffee 4–22">{{Cite journal|url-status=4–22}}</ref> Rikicin rigima na koyarwar fasaha ya zama mai dogaro da ilimi yana haifar da karbuwar binciken fasaha a matsayin tsarin bincike na farko a cikin fasaha kamar na sauran fannoni. Daya daga cikin halayen bincike na fasaha shine cewa dole ne ya yarda da abin da ya dace sabanin hanyoyin kimiyya na gargajiya. Don haka, yana kama da [[Kimiyyar zamantakewa|ilimin zamantakewar al'umma]] a cikin yin amfani da bincike mai inganci da ma'amala a matsayin kayan aiki don amfani da ma'auni da bincike mai mahimmanci. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=5–9}}</ref> Makarantar rawa da yawace yawace (Dans och Cirkushögskolan, DOCH), [[Stockholm]] ta bayyana binciken fasaha kamar haka - "Bincike na fasaha shine bincika da gwadawa tare da manufar samun ilimi a ciki da kuma ilimin fasahar mu. Ya dogara ne akan ayyukan fasaha, hanyoyi,da mahimmanci. Ta hanyar takardun da aka gabatar, abubuwan da aka samu za a sanya su a cikin mahallin." Binciken fasaha yana nufin habaka ilimi da fahimta tare da gabatar da fasaha. <ref>Schwab, M. (A shekarar 2009). "Draft Proposal". ''Journal for Artistic Research''. Bern University of the Arts.</ref> Fahimtar mafi sauki ta [[Julian Klein]] ta bayyana bincike na fasaha a matsayin kowane irin bincike da ke amfani da yanayin fasaha na fahimta. Don bincike na matsalolin tsakiya na binciken fasaha na yau, duba Giaco Schiesser . <ref>Schiesser, G. (2015). What is at stake – Qu'est ce que l'enjeu? Paradoxes – Problematics – Perspectives in Artistic Research Today, in: Arts, Research, Innovation and Society. Eds. Gerald Bast, [[Elias G. Carayannis]] [= ARIS, Vol. 1]. Wien/New York: Springer. pp. 197–210.</ref> A cewar wani mai zane Hakan Topal, a cikin bincike na fasaha, "watakila fiye da sauran nau'o'in, ana amfani da hankali a matsayin hanyar da za a gano nau'i-nau'i iri-iri na sababbin sababbin hanyoyin da ba zato ba tsammani". Yawancin marubuta, walau na littafan almara ko na almara, suma dole su yi bincike don tallafawa ayyukansu na kirkire-kirkire. Wannan na iya zama na gaskiya, tarihi, ko bincike na baya. Binciken bayan fage na iya hadawa, alal misali, bincike na yanki ko tsari. <ref>Hoffman, A. (A shekarar 2003). ''Research for Writers'', pp. 4–5. London: A&C Black Publishers Limited.</ref> da yanki na zane bincike (SAR) ta buga ''jaridar koya zaneda bincike'' ( ''JAR'' ), <ref>[[Henk Borgdorff]] (2012), ''The Conflict of the Faculties. Perspectives on Artistic Research and Academia'' (Chapter 11: The Case of the Journal for Artistic Research), Leiden: Leiden University Press.</ref> na kasa da kasa, kan layi, bude damar shiga, da mujallar da aka bita don ganowa, bugawa, da yada bincike na fasaha da fasaha. hanyoyinsa, daga dukkan fannonin fasaha kuma yana gudanar da ''Kasuwar Bincike'' (RC), <ref>Schwab, Michael, and Borgdorff, Henk, eds. (2014), ''The Exposition of Artistic Research: Publishing Art in Academia,'' Leiden: Leiden University Press.</ref> <ref>Wilson, Nick and van Ruiten, Schelte / ELIA, eds. (2013), ''SHARE Handbook for Artistic Research Education'', Amsterdam: Valand Academy, p. 249.</ref> <ref>Hughes, Rolf: "Leap into Another Kind: International Developments in Artistic Research," in Swedish Research Council, ed. (2013), ''Artistic Research Then and Now: 2004–2013, Yearbook of AR&D 2013,'' Stockholm: Swedish Research Council.</ref> mai bincike, bayanan tarihi na binciken fasaha, wanda kowa zai iya ba da gudummawarsa. ayyakace yayi magana akan nau'ikan bincike na tushen fasaha guda takwas (ABR): binciken labari, bincike-bincike na almara, shayari, kida, rawa, wasan kwaikwayo, fim, da fasahar gani. A cikin shekarar 2016 ''ka'idodin Florence 'a kan Doctorate a cikin Arts'' . Ka'idodin Florence da suka shafi Ka'idodin Salzburg da Shawarwar Salzburg na Kungiyar Jami'ar Turai suna ba da maki bakwai na hankali don tantance Doctorate / PhD a cikin Arts idan aka kwatanta da digiri na kimiyya / PhD. An amince da ka'idodin Florence kuma ana goyan bayan AEC, CILECT, CUMULUS da SAR . ==Binciken tarihi== [[File:Leopold_von_Ranke_1868.jpg|thumb| Masanin tarihin Jamus Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), wanda aka dauka a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa tarihin tushen zamani.]] Hanyar tarihi ta kunshi dabaru da jagororin da masana tarihi ke amfani da tushen tarihi da wasu shaidu don bincike sannan kuma su rubuta tarihi. Akwai jagororin tarihi daban-daban wadanda masana tarihi suka saba amfani da su a cikin aikinsu, karkashin taken suka na waje, suka na cikin gida, da hadawa. Wannan ya haɗa da kananan zargi da suka na sha'awa. Kodayake abubuwa na iya bambanta dangane da batun da mai bincike, wadannan ra'ayoyin suna cikin mafi yawan binciken tarihi na yau da kullun: * Gano asalin kwanan watan * Shaida na wuri * Gane marubuci * sarafa bayanai * Gane mutunci * Halin abin dogaro ==Binciken daftarin aiki==   == Matakan gudanar da bincike == [[File:Research_design_and_evidence.svg|thumb| Tsarin bincike da shaida]] [[File:Research_cycle.svg|thumb| Zagayen bincike]] Yawancin lokaci ana gudanar da bincike ta amfani da tsarin samfurin hourglass na bincike. <ref>Trochim, W.M.K, (2006). Research Methods Knowledge Base.</ref> Samfurin agogon sa'a yana farawa tare da faffadan bakan don bincike, yana mai da hankali kan bayanan da ake buƙata ta hanyar hanyar aikin (kamar wuyan hourglass), sannan fadada bincike a cikin hanyar tattaunawa da sakamako. Manyan matakai wajen gudanar da bincike su ne: * Gano matsalar bincike * Nazarin adabi * Kayyadaddun manufar bincike * Kayyade takamaiman tambayoyin bincike * Kayyadaddun tsarin ra'ayi, wani lokaci har da saitin hasashe * Zabin hanya (don tattara bayanai) * Tarin bayanai * Tabbatar da bayanai * Yin nazari da fassara bayanan * Ba da rahoto da kimanta bincike * Sadar da sakamakon binciken da, maiyuwa, shawarwari Matakan gaba daya suna wakiltar tsarin gaba daya; duk da haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da su azaman tsari mai canzawa koyaushe maimakon kayyadaddun matakan matakai. Yawancin bincike suna farawa da cikakken bayani na matsalar, ko kuma wajen, dalilin shiga cikin binciken. Binciken wallafe-wallafen yana gano kurakurai ko ramuka a cikin binciken da ya gabata wanda ke ba da hujja ga binciken. Sau da yawa, ana yin bitar wallafe-wallafe a wani yanki da aka bayar kafin a gano tambayar bincike . Wani gibi a cikin adabi na yanzu, kamar yadda mai bincike ya gano, sannan ya haifar da tambayar bincike. Tambayar bincike na iya zama daidai da hasashe . Hasashen shine tunanin da za a gwada. Masu binciken (s) suna tattara bayanai don gwada hasashe. Masu binciken (s) sun yi nazari da fassara bayanai ta hanyoyi daban-daban na kididdiga, suna shiga cikin abin da aka sani da bincike mai zurfi . Sakamakon binciken bayanai na kin yarda ko rashin kin yarda da hasashe maras tushe ana bayar da rahoto da kimantawa. A karshe, mai binciken zai iya tattauna hanyoyin da za a bi don karin bincike . Duk da haka, wasu masu bincike suna ba da shawarar hanyar komawa baya: farawa tare da bayyana binciken da tattaunawa akan su, motsawa "sama" don gano matsalar bincike da ke fitowa a cikin binciken da nazarin wallafe-wallafe. Hanyar da aka bi ta baya ta tabbata ta hanyar ma'amala ta hanyar bincike inda binciken bincike, tambayoyin bincike, hanyar bincike, wallafe-wallafen binciken da suka dace, da sauransu ba su da cikakkiyar masaniya har sai binciken ya fito cikakke kuma an fassara shi. Rudolph Rummel ya ce, “...babu wani mai bincike da ya isa ya yarda da kowane gwaji daya ko biyu a matsayin tabbatacce. Sai kawai lokacin da kewayon gwaje-gwajen suka yi daidai da nau'ikan bayanai da yawa, masu bincike, da hanyoyin za su iya samun kwarin gwiwa ga sakamakon." [[Plato]] a cikin Meno yayi magana game da wata matsala ta asali, idan ba ma'ana ba, na yin bincike da za a iya fassara ta ta hanyar da ke gaba, "Idan kun san abin da kuke nema me yasa kuke nema?! [watau, kuna da. An riga an same shi] Idan ba ku san abin da kuke nema ba, me kuke nema? !" <ref>Plato, & Bluck, R. S. (1962). Meno. Cambridge, UK: University Press.</ref> == Hanyoyin bincike == [[File:NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006-1-_3.jpg|thumb| Dakin bincike a ɗakin karatu na Jama'a na New York, misali na bincike na biyu da ke ci gaba]] [[File:Hilleman-Walter-Reed.jpeg|thumb| Maurice Hilleman, fitaccen masanin rigakafin rigakafi na karni na 20, an lasafta shi da ceton rayuka fiye da kowane masanin kimiyya a wancan lokacin. ]] Manufar tsarin bincike shine samar da sabon ilimi ko zurfafa fahimtar wani batu ko batu. Wannan tsari yana daukar manyan siffofi guda uku (ko da yake, kamar yadda aka tattauna a baya, iyakokin da ke tsakanin su na iya zama m): * Binciken bincike, wanda ke taimakawa wajen ganowa da ayyana matsala ko tambaya. * Bincike mai mahimmanci, wanda ke gwada ra'ayoyin kuma yana ba da shawarar mafita ga matsala ko tambaya. * Binciken kwakkwaran, wanda ke gwada yuwuwar mafita ta amfani da hujjoji na zahiri . Akwai manyan nau'ikan kira na bincike mai karfi guda biyu: bincike mai inganci da bincike mai kididdigewa. Masu bincike suna zabar hanyoyin kididdigewa ko kididdiga bisa ga yanayin batun binciken da suke son bincikawa da tambayoyin binciken da suke son amsawa: == Bincike mai inganci== Kwararren bincike yana nufin karin abubuwan da ba na kididdigewa ba, amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na tattara bayanai, nazarin bayanai, fassarar bayanai don ma'anoni, ma'anoni, halaye, alamomin misalan abubuwa. Kwararren bincike ya ci gaba da rarraba zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan binciken '''an rarraba su:''' Wannan binciken ya fi mayar da hankali kan al'adun rukunin mutane wadanda suka hada da halaye, harshe, ayyuka, tsari, kima, ƙa'idodi da abubuwan duniya, kimanta salon rayuwar dan adam. Kabila: mutane, Grapho: don rubutawa, wannan almajirin na iya hadawa da kungiyoyin kabilu, kabila, sake tsugunar da jama'a da halayen jin dadin jama'a. '''Phenomenology''' : Dabaru ce mai karfi sosai don nuna hanya zuwa ilimin kwararrun kwararrun kiwon lafiya kuma mafi dacewa don bincika matsalolin ƙalubale a cikin ilimin sana'o'in kiwon lafiya. ; Binciken kididdiga : Wannan ya kunshi bincike na kididdiga na kididdiga na kaddarorin kididdiga da abubuwan al'ajabi da alakarsu, ta hanyar yin kungiyar tambaya da tattara bayanan kididdiga don tantance ta ta amfani da hanyoyin kididdiga . Kirar binciken kididdiga na gwaji ne, daidaitawa, da bincike (ko siffantawa). <ref>Creswell, J.W. (2008). ''Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research.'' Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.</ref> Ana iya amfani da kididdigar da aka samo daga bincike mai kididdigewa don tabbatar da wanzuwar hadin kai ko alaka tsakanin masu canji. Binciken kididdigewa yana da alaƙa da matsayin falsafa da ka'idar positivism . Hanyoyin tattara bayanai masu kididdigewa sun dogara da samfurin bazuwar da tsararrun kayan tattara bayanai wadanda suka dace da gogewa daban-daban cikin kayyadaddun martani.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2012}} haifar da sakamako wadanda za a iya takaitawa, kwatantawa, da kuma hada su zuwa ga yawan jama'a dan tattara bayanan ta amfani da ingantaccen samfuri da dabarun tattara bayanai. Binciken kididdigewa ya shafi gwajin hasashe da aka samo daga ka'idar ko iya ƙididdige girman abin ban sha'awa. <ref name=":2" /> Idan tambayar binciken ta kasance game da mutane, ana iya sanya mahalarta bazuwar zuwa jiyya daban-daban (wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a iya daukar binciken kididdiga a matsayin gwaji na gaskiya).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2012}}Idan wannan ba , mai binciken zai iya tattara bayanai game da mahalarta da halayen yanayi don sarrafa kididdiga don tasirin su akan dogara, ko sakamako, mai canzawa. Idan manufar ita ce ta zama gama gari daga mahalarta bincike zuwa yawan jama'a, mai binciken zai yi amfani da samfurin yuwuwar don zabar mahalarta. A cikin bincike na kididdiga ko kididdigewa, masu binciken (masu) na iya tattara bayanan farko ko na sakandare. Bayanan farko sune bayanan da aka tattara musamman don bincike, kamar ta hanyar tambayoyi ko tambayoyin tambayoyi. Bayanan na biyu bayanai ne da suka wanzu, kamar bayanan kidayar, waɗanda za a iya sake amfani da su don bincike. Yana da kyau aikin bincike na dabi'a don amfani da bayanan sakandare a duk inda zai yiwu. <ref>Kara H. (2012). ''Research and Evaluation for Busy Practitioners: A Time-Saving Guide'', p. 102. Bristol: The Policy Press.</ref> Binciken hada-hadar hanya, watau binciken da ya hada da abubuwa masu inganci da kididdiga, ta yin amfani da bayanan farko da na sakandare, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. <ref>Kara H (2012). ''Research and Evaluation for Busy Practitioners: A Time-Saving Guide'', p. 114. Bristol: The Policy Press.</ref> Wannan hanya tana da fa'idodi wadanda amfani da hanya ɗaya kaɗai ba zai iya bayarwa ba. Misali, mai bincike zai iya zabar ya gudanar da bincike mai inganci kuma ya bi shi da kididdiga na kididdiga don samun ƙarin fahimta. Manyan bayanai sun kawo babban tasiri kan hanyoyin bincike ta yadda a yanzu masu bincike da yawa ba sa yin kokari sosai wajen tattara bayanai; Bugu da Karin, an kirkira hanyoyin yin nazari cikin sauki samuwan adadi mai yawa na bayanai. Nau'in Hanyar Bincike 1. Hanyar Bincike ta Observatory 2. Hanyar Bincike Daidaita ; ; Binciken da ba na zahiri ba Binciken da ba a iya amfani da shi ba ( ka'idar ) wata hanya ce da ta shafi ci gaban ka'idar sabanin amfani da kallo da gwaji. Don haka, binciken da ba na zahiri ba yana neman mafita ga matsalolin ta amfani da ilimin da ake da shi a matsayin tushensa. Wannan, duk da haka, ba ya nufin cewa ba za a iya samun sababbin ra'ayoyi da sababbin abubuwa a cikin tafkin da aka kafa da kuma ingantaccen ilimin ba. Binciken da ba na zahiri ba ba cikakkiyar madadin bincike ba ne saboda ana iya amfani da su tare don karfafa hanyar bincike. Babu ɗayan da ba shi da tasiri fiye da dayan tunda suna da takamaiman manufarsu a kimiyya. Yawanci bincike mai zurfi yana samar da abubuwan lura wadanda ke bukatar yin bayani; sannan bincike na ka'idar yayi kokarin bayyana su, kuma a yin haka ya haifar da hasashe da za a iya gwadawa; Sannan ana gwada wadannan hasashe ta zahiri, suna ba da Karin abubuwan lura wadanda za su bukaci Karin bayani; da sauransu. Duba Hanyar Kimiyya . Misali mai sauki na dawainiyar da ba ta da karfi ita ce kirar sabon magani ta amfani da aikace-aikacen da aka bambanta na ilimin da ke akwai; wani kuma shine ci gaban tsarin kasuwanci a cikin nau'i na ginshiki mai gudana da rubutu inda duk abubuwan da suka dace sun fito ne daga ingantaccen ilimi. Yawancin bincike na cosmological shine ka'idar a yanayi. Binciken [[Lissafi|ilimin lissafi]] baya dogara ga bayanan da ake samu a waje; maimakon haka, yana neman tabbatar da ka'idoji game da abubuwan lissafi . == Da'a na bincike == '''Ka'idodin bincike''' sun shafi batutuwan dabi'a da ke tasowa a lokacin ko sakamakon ayyukan bincike, da kuma halayen masu bincike guda daya, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi al'ummomin bincike. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=961–979}}</ref> A tarihi, badakala irin su gwajin dan adam na Nazi da gwajin syphilis na Tuskegee ya haifar da fahimtar cewa ana buƙatar kwararan matakai don gudanar da bincike na dabi'a don tabbatar da cewa ba a cutar da mutane, dabbobi da muhalli ba ta hanyar binciken kimiyya. Gudanar da ka'idojin bincike bai dace ba a cikin kasashe kuma babu wata hanyar da ta dace a duk duniya game da yadda ya kamata a magance shi. <ref name=":0">Israel, M. G., & Thomson, A. C. (27–29 November 2013). ''The rise and much-sought demise of the adversarial culture in Australian research ethics.'' Paper presented at the 2013 Australasian Ethics Network Conference, Perth, Australia.</ref> <ref name=":1">Israel, M. (2016). ''Research ethics and integrity for social scientists: Beyond regulatory compliance'' (Second ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=848–858}}</ref> Kwamitocin da'a na bincike ( Hukumar bita a cikin Amurka) sun fito a matsayin tsarin mulki daya don tabbatar da gudanar da bincike cikin gaskiya. Sa’ad da muke yanke hukunci na dabi’a, kila za a yi mana ja-gora da dabi’u dabam-dabam . Masana falsafa sun bambanta tsakanin hanyoyin kamar deontology, consequentialism, [[Konfushiyanci|Confucianism]], virtue ethics, da Ubuntu ethics, don lissafta kaɗan. Ko da kuwa hanyar da za a bi, aikace-aikacen ka'idar ɗabi'a zuwa takamaiman mahallin an san shi azaman ɗa'a mai amfani, kuma ana iya kallon dabi'ar bincike a matsayin wani yanki na dabi'a da aka yi amfani da shi saboda ana amfani da ka'idar da'a a cikin yanayin bincike na zahiri. Ethical issues may arise in the design and implementation of research involving human experimentation or animal experimentation. There may also be consequences for the environment, for society or for future generations that need to be considered. Research ethics is most developed as a concept in medical research, with typically cited codes being the 1947 Nuremberg Code, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, and the 1978 Belmont Report. Informed consent is a key concept in research ethics thanks to these codes. Research in other fields such as [[Kimiyyar zamantakewa|social sciences]], information technology, [[biotechnology]], or engineering may generate different types of ethical concerns to those in medical research. A cikin ƙasashe irin su Kanada, ana buƙatar horar da ɗabi'un bincike na wajibi ga ɗalibai, furofesoshi da sauran waɗanda ke aiki a cikin bincike, <ref>Government of Canada. (n.d.). Panel on Research Ethics: The TCPS2 Tutorial Course on Research Ethics (CORE). Retrieved from http://pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/education/tutorial-didacticiel/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701085507/http://www.pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/education/tutorial-didacticiel |date=2019-07-01 }}</ref> <ref>Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, & Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. (2018). ''Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans: TCPS2 2018''. Retrieved from http://www.pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/documents/tcps2-2018-en-interactive-final.pdf</ref> yayin da Amurka ta kafa doka kan yadda kwamitocin bita na cibiyoyi ke aiki tun daga Dokar Bincike ta ƙasa ta 1974. An bambanta da'a na bincike da haɓaka ingantaccen ilimi ko bincike, wanda ya haɗa da batutuwa irin su rashin da'a na kimiyya (misali zamba, kirkira bayanai ko saɓo ). Saboda kusancin kusanci da mutunci, ana Kara habaka dabi'un bincike a matsayin wani bangare na faffadan fage na gudanar da bincike (RCR a Arewacin Amurka) ko Bincike da Kirkirar Alkawari a Turai, kuma tare da hukumomin gwamnati kamar Ofishin Bincike na Amurka. Mutunci ko Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Sadarwar Sadarwar Kanada kan Hakkin Bincike na habaka ko buƙatar horon tsaka-tsakin ga masu bincike. == Matsaloli a cikin bincike == ==bibangareike == Meta-research shine nazarin bincike ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin bincike. Har ila yau, an san shi da "bincike kan bincike", yana da nufin rage sharar gida da haɓaka ingancin bincike a kowane fanni. Meta-bincike ya damu da kansa tare da gano son zuciya, kurakuran hanya, da sauran kurakurai da rashin aiki. Daga cikin binciken meta-bincike akwai ƙarancin ƙima na haɓakawa a cikin fagage da yawa. Ana kiran wannan wahalar sake haifar da bincike " rikicin maimaitawa ." <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=–1002264}}</ref> ==Hanyoyin bincike == A cikin fannoni da yawa, hanyoyin Yammacin Turai na gudanar da bincike sun fi yawa. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=484–485}}</ref> Ana koyar da masu binciken hanyoyin tattara bayanai da nazari da yawa na Yammacin Turai. Habaka haɓakar yan asalin kasar a matsayin masu bincike ya kawo Karin hankali ga lacuna na kimiyya a cikin hanyoyin tattara bayanai masu mahimmancin al'adu . Hanyoyin tattara bayanai na yammacin duniya bazai zama mafi inganci ko dacewa ga bincike kan al'ummomin da ba na yamma ba. Misali, " [[Hua Oranga]] " an halicce shi ne a matsayin ma'auni don kimanta tunanin mutum a cikin al'ummar Māori, kuma ya dogara ne akan ma'auni na lafiyar hankali mai mahimmanci ga mutanen Māori - "taha wairua (girman ruhaniya), taha hinengaro (girman tunani), taha tinana (girman jiki), da taha whanau (girman iyali)". <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=27–31}}</ref> ==Son zuciya == Research is often biased in the languages that are preferred (linguicism) and the geographic locations where research occurs. Periphery scholars face the challenges of exclusion and linguicism in research and academic publication. As the great majority of mainstream academic journals are written in English, multilingual periphery scholars often must translate their work to be accepted to elite Western-dominated journals.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=321–331}}</ref> Multilingual scholars' influences from their native communicative styles can be assumed to be incompetence instead of difference.<ref name="Canagarajah">{{Cite journal|url-status=435–472}}</ref> Domin kwatankwacin siyasa, kasashen Yamma sun fi yawa a cikin karatun kasa daya, tare da mai da hankali kan Yammacin Turai, Kanada, Ostiraliya, da New Zealand. Tun daga shekara ta 2000, kasashen Latin Amurka sun fi shahara a karatun kasa daya. Sabanin haka, kasashe a cikin Oceania da [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]] sune mafi kankanta na bincike kadan. Alamun son zuciya kuma suna nuna alaka da ilimin harshe: ƙasashen da harsunansu na hukuma na Faransanci ko Larabci ba su da yuwuwar zama abin da ake mayar da hankali kan karatun kasa daya fiye da kasashen da ke da harsunan hukuma daban-daban. A cikin Afirka, kasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi sun fi sauran kasashe wakilci. <ref name="Pepinsky">{{Cite journal|url-status=187–203}}</ref> ==Gabaɗaya == Gabaɗaya shine tsarin aiwatar da ingantaccen sakamakon binciken guda ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1886–1891}}</ref> Nazarin tare da ƙunƙun yanki na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa, ma'ana cewa sakamakon ƙila ba zai iya amfani da wasu al'ummomi ko yankuna ba. A cikin siyasa kwatankwacin, wannan na iya haifar da yin amfani da nazarin ƙasa ɗaya, maimakon ƙirar nazarin da ke amfani da bayanai daga ƙasashe da yawa. Duk da batun gama-gari, karatun ƙasa ɗaya ya ƙaru sosai tun daga ƙarshen 2000s. <ref name="Pepinsky"/> ==Bitar takwarorinsu na bugawa==     Bita na tsara wani nau'i ne na kayyade kai ta ƙwararrun mambobi na sana'a a cikin filin da ya dace. Ana amfani da hanyoyin bita na tsara don kiyaye ƙa'idodin inganci, haɓaka aiki, da samar da gaskiya. A cikin ilimin kimiyya, ana amfani da bitar takwarorinsu sau da yawa don tantance dacewar takardar ilimi don bugawa. Yawanci, tsarin bitar takwarorinsu ya ƙunshi ƙwararru a wannan fanni waɗanda editoci suke tuntuɓar su don yin bitar ayyukan ilimi da abokin aikinsu ya samar ta hanyar rashin son zuciya da rashin son kai, kuma ana yin hakan kyauta. Al'adar sake dubawa ta abokan gaba kyauta duk da haka ta kawo matsaloli da yawa waɗanda kuma ke nuni da dalilin da ya sa yawancin masu bitar takwarorinsu ke ƙi gayyata da yawa don dubawa. An lura da cewa wallafe-wallafen daga ƙasashen waje ba safai suke tashi zuwa matsayi ɗaya da na Arewacin Amurka da Turai ba, saboda ƙayyadaddun wadatar albarkatu da suka haɗa da takarda mai inganci da nagartaccen software na nuna hoto da kayan aikin bugu ya sa waɗannan wallafe-wallafen ba su da ƙarfi. gamsar da ƙa'idodi a halin yanzu ɗauke da iko na yau da kullun ko na yau da kullun a cikin masana'antar bugawa. <ref name="Canagarajah"/> Wadannan iyakoki kuma suna haifar da rashin wakilci na masana daga ƙasashen da ke kewaye a cikin jerin wallafe-wallafen da ke da matsayi mai daraja dangane da yawa da ingancin ƙoƙarin binciken waɗannan malamai, kuma wannan rashin wakilcin ya haifar da raguwar yarda da rashin daidaituwa. sakamakon kokarin da suke yi a matsayin gudummawar da ke tattare da ilimin da ake samu a duniya. ==Tasirin motsin buɗe ido, == Motsin shiga buɗe yana ɗauka cewa duk bayanan da ake ganin suna da amfani yakamata su kasance masu 'yanci kuma suna cikin "yankin jama'a", na "yan Adam". Wannan ra'ayin ya sami yaɗuwa a sakamakon tarihin mulkin mallaka na Yamma kuma ya yi watsi da wasu ra'ayi na rarraba ilimi. Misali, yawancin al'ummomin ƴan asalin suna ganin cewa samun wasu bayanai da suka dace da ƙungiyar yakamata su kasance ta hanyar alaƙa. <ref name="Christen" /> Ana zargin cewa akwai ma'auni biyu a tsarin ilimin Yammacin Turai. A gefe guda, "Gudanar da Hakkin dijital" da ake amfani da shi don hana samun damar yin amfani da bayanan sirri a dandalin sada zumunta ana yin bikin ne a matsayin kariya ta sirri, yayin da a lokaci guda lokacin da kungiyoyin al'adu ke amfani da irin wannan ayyuka (watau al'ummomin 'yan asalin) ana yin Allah wadai da hakan a matsayin "shigarwa". sarrafawa" kuma an tsawatar a matsayin tacewa. == Hanyoyi na gaba== Duk da cewa rinjayen Yammacin Turai ya zama sananne a cikin bincike, wasu masana, irin su Simon Marginson, suna jayayya da "bukatar [ga] duniyar jami'a". Marginson yayi jayayya cewa tsarin Confucian na Gabashin Asiya zai iya daukar nauyin tsarin Yammacin Turai. Wannan na iya kasancewa saboda sauye-sauye na kudade don bincike duka a Gabas da Yamma. An mai da hankali kan jaddada nasarar ilimi, al'adun gabashin Asiya, musamman a Sin da Koriya ta Kudu, sun karfafa karuwar kudade don fadada bincike. Sabanin haka, a duniyar ilimi ta Yamma, musamman a Burtaniya da kuma wasu gwamnatocin jihohi a Amurka, an samu raguwar kudade don gudanar da bincike a jami’o’i, wanda wasu suka yi.  ya ce na iya haifar da koma baya ga rinjayen Yammacin Turai a cikin bincike. == Hanyoyi na mulkin mallaka== {{Excerpt|Neo-colonial science}} == Kwarewa == A cikin tsarin ilimi na kasa da na masu zaman kansu da yawa, kwarewar bincike ya haifar da lakabin aiki na yau da kullun. ==A Rasha== A cikin Rasha ta yau, da wasu ƙasashe na tsohuwar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]], kalmar ''mai bincike'' ( {{Lang-ru|Научный сотрудник}} , ''nauchny sotrudnik'' ) An yi amfani da shi duka a matsayin jumla ga mutumin da ke gudanar da bincike na kimiyya, kuma a matsayin matsayi na aiki a cikin tsarin Kwalejin Kimiyya, Jami'o'i, da sauran cibiyoyin bincike. An san masu daraja masu zuwa: * Kwararrun Mai Bincike (Kungiyar Kwararrun Bincike) * Mai Bincike (Abokin Bincike) * Babban Mai Bincike (Babban Abokin Bincike) * Jagoran Mai Bincike (Jagoran Ƙwararrun Bincike) * Babban Mai Bincike (Babban Mataimakin Bincike) == wallafawa == [[File:Nature_cover,_November_4,_1869.jpg|thumb| Murfin fitowar farko ta ''Nature'', 4 ga Nuwamba 1869]] Buga ilimi tsari ne da ya wajaba ga malaman ilimi su yi nazari kan aikin da kuma samar da shi ga masu sauraro. Tsarin ya bambanta da yawa ta filin kuma koyaushe yana canzawa, idan sau da yawa a hankali. Yawancin aikin ilimi ana buga su a cikin labarin jarida ko sigar littafi. Hakanan akwai babban rukunin bincike da ke wanzuwa a cikin ko dai tass ko sigar dissertation. Ana iya samun wadannan nau'ikan bincike a cikin ma'ajin bayanai a sarari don kasidu da rubuce-rubuce. A cikin bugawa, bugu na STM taƙaitaccen wallafe-wallafen ilimi ne a cikin kimiyya, fasaha, da magani. Yawancin [[Shacin Fannonin Akadamiya|filayen ilimi]] da aka kafa suna da nasu mujallu na kimiyya da sauran kantuna don bugawa, kodayake yawancin mujallu na ilimi sun dan bambanta, kuma suna buga ayyuka daga fagage daban-daban ko fagage daban-daban. Ire-iren wallafe-wallafen da aka karba azaman gudummawar ilimi ko bincike sun bambanta sosai tsakanin fage, daga bugawa zuwa tsarin lantarki. Wani bincike ya nuna cewa bai kamata masu bincike su yi la'akari sosai ga binciken da ba a maimaita su akai-akai. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk wani binciken da aka buga ya kamata a yi shi da wani ma'auni don tantance inganci ko amincin hanyoyinsa don hana buga sakamakon binciken da ba a tabbatar ba. <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=361–364}}</ref> Samfuran kasuwanci sun bambanta a cikin yanayin lantarki. Tun daga farkon shekarun 1990, ba da lasisin albarkatun lantarki, musamman mujallu, ya zama ruwan dare. A halin yanzu, babban yanayin, musamman game da mujallu na ilimi, shine damar buɗe ido . <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=433–441}}</ref> Akwai manyan nau'o'i guda biyu na buɗaɗɗen damar shiga: buɗaɗɗen damar budadden shiga, wanda a ciki ana samun labaran ko dukan mujallu kyauta daga lokacin bugawa, da kuma adana bayanan kai, inda marubucin ya ba da kwafin aikin nasu kyauta akan yanar gizo. . == Tallafin bincike == Yawancin kudade don binciken kimiyya sun fito ne daga manyan tushe guda uku: bincike na kamfanoni da sassan ci gaba ; tushe masu zaman kansu ; da majalissar bincike na gwamnati irin su Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa a Amurka da Majalisar Binciken Likita a Burtaniya. Ana gudanar da waɗannan da farko ta hanyar jami'o'i kuma a wasu lokuta ta hanyar ƴan kwangilar soja. Yawancin manyan masu bincike (kamar shugabannin rukuni) suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa na neman tallafi don kudaden bincike. Waɗannan tallafin ba dole ba ne kawai ga masu bincike don gudanar da binciken su har ma a matsayin tushen cancanta. Cibiyar Sadarwar kwararrun Gwamnatin Ammasu zaman kansu. == Manazarta == == Duba kuma == q4hqy126m1vkiya8a7v9d6aucrrvo4d 547625 547622 2024-11-28T18:07:09Z Wikiabdull 29964 Na kara mahada 547625 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Research-Warner-Highsmith.jpeg|thumb| Basrelief sculpture "Bincike rike da fitilar ilimi" (1896) na ''Olin Levi Warner'' . Library of Congress, Thomas Jefferson Building, a Washington, DC]] [[Fayil:Mitarbeiterin der EMPA in St-Gallen.jpg|thumb|biciken ilimi]] '''Bincike:''' A kan kira shi da suna ''Nazari'' "wani aiki ne da ya shafi binciko ababe da zasu yada [[ilimi]] acikin sauki ga [[manazarta]] ko akan hadaka akan tarin ilimi ". Bincike ya kunshi tattarawa, tsari da kuma nazarin shaida don kara fahimtar wani batu, wanda, ke nuna kulawa ta musamman ga sarrafa tushen son zuciya da kuskure. Wadannan ayyukan suna da alaqa da lissafin [[Kuɗi|kudi]] da sarrafawa don son zuciya. Ayyukan bincike na iya zama fadada akan aikin da ya gabata a fagen nazarin. Don gwada ingancin kayan aiki, matakai, ko gwaje-gwaje, bincike na iya maimaita abubuwan ayyukan da suka gabata ko aikin gaba daya. Manufofin farko na bincike na asali (kamar yadda ya Kuma saba da binciken da aka yi amfani da shi ) sune takardun shaida, ganowa, fassarar, da bincike da ci gaba (R&D) hanyoyin da tsarin, don ci gaban ilimin dan adam. Hanyoyi zuwa bincike sun dogara ne akan [[Epistemology|ilimin zamani]], wadanda suka bambanta da yawa a ciki da tsakanin dan adam da [[kimiyya]]. Akwai nau'ukan bincike da yawa: kimiyya, dan adam, [[Art|fasaha]], [[Arziƙi|tattalin arziki,]] [[zamantakewa]], kasuwanci, tallace-tallace, bincike mai aiki, rayuwa, [[fasaha]], da dai sauransu. Nazarin [[kimiyya]] na ayyukan bincike an san shi da bincike-meta . '''Mai bincike''' shine mutumin da ke gudanar da bincike, maiyuwa an gane shi a matsayin san toa'a ta wurin aikin aiki na yau da kullun. Masu bincike ko dai Masanin Kimiyyar Jama'a ne ko [[Kimiyya|Masanin Kimiyyar Halitta]]. Domin ya zama mai binciken zamantakewa ko masanin zamantakewa, ya kamata mutum ya sami ilimi mai yawa akan batutuwan da suka shafi ilimin zamantakewa wadanda suka kware a ciki. Haka nan, domin ya zama mai binciken kimiyyar dabi’a, [[mutum]] ya kamata ya samu ilimi a fagen da ya shafi kimiyyar halitta (Physics, Chemistry, [[Biology]], Astronomy, Zoology da sauransu). == Etymology == [[File:Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg|thumb| [[Aristotle]], (384-322 BC), daya daga cikin alkaluma na farko a cikin hadaka hanyar kimiyya ]] Kalmar ''bincike'' ta samo asali ne daga, [[Faransanci|Tsakiyar Faransanci]] " ''recherche'' ", wanda ke nufin "ci gaba da neman", kalmar da kanta ta samo asali ne daga tsohuwar kalmar [[Faransanci]] " ''recerchier'' " kalma mai mahimmanci daga "re-" + "cerchier", ko " Sercher", ma'ana 'bincike'. Farkon amfani da kalmar ta kasance a cikin 1577. <ref name="Merriam_webster" /> == Ma'anoni == An bayyana bincike ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma yayin da akwai kamanceceniya, ba a cikin su bayyana ma'anar guda daya, mai tattare da komai ba, wanda duk wanda ya shiga cikinsa ya runguma. Bincike a cikin mafi sauki shine neman ilimi da neman gaskiya. A bisa tsari, nazari ne mai tsauri kan matsalar da wani dabarar da aka zaba da gangan ya kai hari wanda ya fara da zabar hanyar shirya wani tsari da aiki da shi ta fuskar zayyana hasashen bincike, zabar hanyoyi da dabaru, zabi ko hadaka kayan aikin tattara bayanai, sarrafa bayanai, fassara da kare tare da gabatar da mafita/matsalolin. Wani ma'anar bincike ya ba da John W. Creswell, wanda ya bayyana cewa "bincike wani tsari ne na matakan da ake amfani da su don tattarawa da kuma nazarin bayanai don kara fahimtar wani batu ko batu". Ya kunshi matakai uku: gabatar da tambaya, tattara bayanai don amsa tambayar, da gabatar da amsar tambayar. Kamus, na kan layi na Merriam-Webster ya bayyana bincike dalla-dalla a matsayin "bincike ko jarrabawa; ''musamman'' : bincike ko gwaji da nufin ganowa da fassarar bayanai, bita kan ka'idoji ko dokoki da aka yarda da su ta fuskar sabbin bayanai, ko aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen irin wannan. Sabbin ka'idoji ko dokoki da aka sabunta." == Siffofin bincike == ==Asalin bincike== '''Binciken asali''', wanda ake kira '''bincike na farko''', bincike ne wanda ba a dogara kawai akan takaitawa, bita, ko hadin wallafe-wallafen da suka gabata a kan batun bincike ba. Wannan abu na asali ne na asali . Manufar bincike na asali shine don samar da sabon [[ilimi]], maimakon gabatar da ilimin da yake akwai a cikin sabon nau'i (misali, takaitawa ko rarrabawa). Binciken asali na iya kasancewa ta nau'i daban-daban, ya danganta da horon da ya shafi. A cikin aikin gwaji, yawanci ya kunshi kallon kai tsaye ko kai tsaye na abin da aka bincika, misali, a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ko a fagen, rubuta hanyoyin, sakamako, da karshen gwaji ko saitin gwaje-gwaje, ko bayar da fassarar sabon labari. sakamakon baya. A cikin aikin tantancewa, yawanci ana samun wasu sabbin (misali) sakamakon lissafin da aka samar, ko sabuwar hanyar tunkarar matsalar data kasance. A cikin wasu batutuwa wadanda galibi ba su aiwatar da gwaji ko bincike irin wannan ba, asalinsu shine ta musamman hanyar canza fahimtar data kasance ko sake fassara bisa ga sakamakon aikin mai binciken . Matsayin, asalin binciken yana daga cikin manyan ma'auni don labaran da za a buga a cikin mujallu na ilimi kuma yawanci ana kafa su ta hanyar bitar takwarorinsu . <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=2847–50}}</ref> Daliban da suka kammala karatun ana buKatar yawanci don yin bincike na asali a matsayin wani bangare na kamus . ==Binciken kimiyya== [[File:Microscopy_lab.jpg|right|thumb| Ana gudanar da binciken kimiyya na farko a dakin gwaje-gwaje na microscope na dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasa na Idaho]] [[File:Alcator_C-Mod.jpg|right|thumb| Kayan aikin bincike na kimiyya a MIT]] [[File:RV_Sonne_2014_1.jpg|right|thumb| Jirgin ruwan binciken ruwa na Jamus <nowiki><i id="mwgw">Sonne</i></nowiki>]] '''[[Kimiyya|Binciken, kimiyya]]''' hanya ce mai tsauri ta tattara bayanai da amfani da son sani . Wannan bincike yana ba da bayanan kimiyya da ra'ayoyin don bayanin yanayi da kaddarorin duniya. Yana sa aikace-aikacen mai yiwuwa. Hukumomin jama'a ne, gungiyoyin agaji da gungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, wadanda suka hada da kamfanoni da yawa ke ba da kudin bincike na kimiyya. Za a iya raba binciken kimiyya zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban bisa ga nau'o'in ilimi da aikace-aikace. Binciken kimiyya wani ma'auni ne da aka fi amfani da shi wajen tantance matsayin jami'ar ilimi, amma wasu na ganin cewa irin wannan tantancewar ba daidai ba ce da aka yi wa cibiyar, saboda ingancin bincike ba ya nuna ingancin koyarwa (wadannan ba lallai ba ne su yi kama da juna). <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=13–43}}</ref> Gaba daya, ana fahimtar bincike don bin wani tsari na tsari . Kodayake tsari na mataki na iya bambanta dangane da batun da mai bincike, matakan da ke biyowa galibi suna cikin mafi yawan bincike na yau da kullun, duka na asali da kuma amfani da su: # Dubawa da samuwar maudu'in : Ya kunshi yanki na abin da mutum ke sha'awar da kuma bin wannan yanki don gudanar da bincike mai alaka. Bai kamata a zabi yanki ba da gangan tunda yana bukatar karanta dimbin adabi a kan maudu'in don tantance tazarar da ke cikin wallafe-wallafen da mai binciken ya yi niyyar takaitawa. Yana da kyau a sha'awar yankin batun da aka zaba. Binciken zai zama barata ta hanyar danganta mahimmancinsa zuwa ilimin da aka rigaya ya kasance game da batun. # Hasashe : Hasashen da za a iya gwadawa wanda ke nuna alakar da ke tsakanin masu canji biyu ko fiye. # Ma'anar ra'ayi : Bayanin ra'ayi ta hanyar danganta shi da wasu ra'ayoyi. # Ma'anar aiki : Cikakkun bayanai game da ayyana ma'auni da kuma yadda za a auna su a cikin binciken. # Tara bayanai : Ya kunshi gano yawan jama'a da zabar samfurori, tattara bayanai daga ko game da wadannan samfuran ta amfani da takamaiman kayan bincike. Dole ne kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don tattara bayanai su kasance masu inganci kuma abin dogaro. # Analysis of data : Ya kunshi ruguza guda daya na bayanan don yanke hukunci game da shi. # Fassarar Bayanai : Ana iya wakilta wannan ta cikin teburi, adadi, da hotuna, sannan aka bayyana su cikin kalmomi. # Gwaji, sake fasalin hasashe # karshe, maimaitawa idan ya cancanta Kuskure na gama gari shine za a tabbatar da hasashe (duba, a maimakon haka, hasashe mara kyau ). Gabadaya, ana amfani da hasashe don yin hasashen da za a iya gwadawa ta hanyar lura da sakamakon gwaji. Idan sakamakon bai dace da hasashe ba, to, an yi hasashe (duba lalata ). Duk da haka, idan sakamakon ya kasance daidai da hasashe, an ce gwajin don tallafawa hasashe. Ana amfani da wannan harshe mai hankali saboda masu bincike sun gane cewa madadin hasashe na iya yin daidai da abubuwan lura. Ta wannan ma'ana, ba za a taɓa iya tabbatar da hasashe ba, sai dai kawai ana goyan bayan ta hanyar tsira daga gwajin kimiyya kuma, a karshe, ana tunanin ko'ina a matsayin gaskiya. Hasashen mai amfani yana ba da damar tsinkaya kuma a cikin daidaiton lura da lokacin, za a tabbatar da hasashen. Yayin da daidaiton abin lura ke inganta tare da lokaci, hasashe na iya daina ba da ingantaccen hasashen. A wannan yanayin, wani sabon hasashe zai taso don ƙalubalantar tsohon, kuma gwargwadon yadda sabon hasashe ya yi hasashen hasashen da ya fi na tsohon, sabon zai maye gurbinsa. Masu bincike kuma za su iya amfani da hasashe maras tushe, wanda bai fadi wata alaqa ko bambanci tsakanin masu canji masu zaman kansu ko masu dogaro ba. ==Binciken a cikin dan adam== '''Bincike a cikin ilimin dan adam''' ya ƙunshi hanyoyi daban-daban kamar misali hermeneutics da semiotics . Masana ilimin dan adam yawanci ba sa nemo madaidaicin amsar tambaya, a maimakon haka, suna bincika batutuwa da cikakkun bayanai da ke kewaye da ita. Magana koyaushe yana da mahimmanci, kuma mahallin na iya zama zamantakewa, tarihi, siyasa, al'adu, ko kabilanci. Misali na bincike a cikin dan adam shine bincike na tarihi, wanda ke cikin hanyar tarihi . Masana tarihi suna amfani da tushe na farko da wasu shaidu don bincikar wani batu cikin tsari, sannan su rubuta tarihi ta hanyar lissafin abubuwan da suka gabata. Sauran nazarin na nufin kawai bincika abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin al'ummomi da al'ummomi, ba tare da neman dalilai ko dalilai na yin bayanin wadannan ba. Wadannan karatun na iya zama masu inganci ko kididdigewa, kuma suna iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar ka'idar kwakkwaran ko ka'idar mata. <ref name="Roffee 4–22">{{Cite journal|url-status=4–22}}</ref> Rikicin rigima na koyarwar fasaha ya zama mai dogaro da ilimi yana haifar da karbuwar binciken fasaha a matsayin tsarin bincike na farko a cikin fasaha kamar na sauran fannoni. Daya daga cikin halayen bincike na fasaha shine cewa dole ne ya yarda da abin da ya dace sabanin hanyoyin kimiyya na gargajiya. Don haka, yana kama da [[Kimiyyar zamantakewa|ilimin zamantakewar al'umma]] a cikin yin amfani da bincike mai inganci da ma'amala a matsayin kayan aiki don amfani da ma'auni da bincike mai mahimmanci. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=5–9}}</ref> Makarantar rawa da yawace yawace (Dans och Cirkushögskolan, DOCH), [[Stockholm]] ta bayyana binciken fasaha kamar haka - "Bincike na fasaha shine bincika da gwadawa tare da manufar samun ilimi a ciki da kuma ilimin fasahar mu. Ya dogara ne akan ayyukan fasaha, hanyoyi,da mahimmanci. Ta hanyar takardun da aka gabatar, abubuwan da aka samu za a sanya su a cikin mahallin." Binciken fasaha yana nufin habaka ilimi da fahimta tare da gabatar da fasaha. <ref>Schwab, M. (A shekarar 2009). "Draft Proposal". ''Journal for Artistic Research''. Bern University of the Arts.</ref> Fahimtar mafi sauki ta [[Julian Klein]] ta bayyana bincike na fasaha a matsayin kowane irin bincike da ke amfani da yanayin fasaha na fahimta. Don bincike na matsalolin tsakiya na binciken fasaha na yau, duba Giaco Schiesser . <ref>Schiesser, G. (2015). What is at stake – Qu'est ce que l'enjeu? Paradoxes – Problematics – Perspectives in Artistic Research Today, in: Arts, Research, Innovation and Society. Eds. Gerald Bast, [[Elias G. Carayannis]] [= ARIS, Vol. 1]. Wien/New York: Springer. pp. 197–210.</ref> A cewar wani mai zane Hakan Topal, a cikin bincike na fasaha, "watakila fiye da sauran nau'o'in, ana amfani da hankali a matsayin hanyar da za a gano nau'i-nau'i iri-iri na sababbin sababbin hanyoyin da ba zato ba tsammani". Yawancin marubuta, walau na littafan almara ko na almara, suma dole su yi bincike don tallafawa ayyukansu na kirkire-kirkire. Wannan na iya zama na gaskiya, tarihi, ko bincike na baya. Binciken bayan fage na iya hadawa, alal misali, bincike na yanki ko tsari. <ref>Hoffman, A. (A shekarar 2003). ''Research for Writers'', pp. 4–5. London: A&C Black Publishers Limited.</ref> da yanki na zane bincike (SAR) ta buga ''jaridar koya zaneda bincike'' ( ''JAR'' ), <ref>[[Henk Borgdorff]] (2012), ''The Conflict of the Faculties. Perspectives on Artistic Research and Academia'' (Chapter 11: The Case of the Journal for Artistic Research), Leiden: Leiden University Press.</ref> na kasa da kasa, kan layi, bude damar shiga, da mujallar da aka bita don ganowa, bugawa, da yada bincike na fasaha da fasaha. hanyoyinsa, daga dukkan fannonin fasaha kuma yana gudanar da ''Kasuwar Bincike'' (RC), <ref>Schwab, Michael, and Borgdorff, Henk, eds. (2014), ''The Exposition of Artistic Research: Publishing Art in Academia,'' Leiden: Leiden University Press.</ref> <ref>Wilson, Nick and van Ruiten, Schelte / ELIA, eds. (2013), ''SHARE Handbook for Artistic Research Education'', Amsterdam: Valand Academy, p. 249.</ref> <ref>Hughes, Rolf: "Leap into Another Kind: International Developments in Artistic Research," in Swedish Research Council, ed. (2013), ''Artistic Research Then and Now: 2004–2013, Yearbook of AR&D 2013,'' Stockholm: Swedish Research Council.</ref> mai bincike, bayanan tarihi na binciken fasaha, wanda kowa zai iya ba da gudummawarsa. ayyakace yayi magana akan nau'ikan bincike na tushen fasaha guda takwas (ABR): binciken labari, bincike-bincike na almara, shayari, kida, rawa, wasan kwaikwayo, fim, da fasahar gani. A cikin shekarar 2016 ''ka'idodin Florence 'a kan Doctorate a cikin Arts'' . Ka'idodin Florence da suka shafi Ka'idodin Salzburg da Shawarwar Salzburg na Kungiyar Jami'ar Turai suna ba da maki bakwai na hankali don tantance Doctorate / PhD a cikin Arts idan aka kwatanta da digiri na kimiyya / PhD. An amince da ka'idodin Florence kuma ana goyan bayan AEC, CILECT, CUMULUS da SAR . ==Binciken tarihi== [[File:Leopold_von_Ranke_1868.jpg|thumb| Masanin tarihin Jamus Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), wanda aka dauka a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa tarihin tushen zamani.]] Hanyar tarihi ta kunshi dabaru da jagororin da masana tarihi ke amfani da tushen tarihi da wasu shaidu don bincike sannan kuma su rubuta tarihi. Akwai jagororin tarihi daban-daban wadanda masana tarihi suka saba amfani da su a cikin aikinsu, karkashin taken suka na waje, suka na cikin gida, da hadawa. Wannan ya haɗa da kananan zargi da suka na sha'awa. Kodayake abubuwa na iya bambanta dangane da batun da mai bincike, wadannan ra'ayoyin suna cikin mafi yawan binciken tarihi na yau da kullun: * Gano asalin kwanan watan * Shaida na wuri * Gane marubuci * sarafa bayanai * Gane mutunci * Halin abin dogaro ==Binciken daftarin aiki==   == Matakan gudanar da bincike == [[File:Research_design_and_evidence.svg|thumb| Tsarin bincike da shaida]] [[File:Research_cycle.svg|thumb| Zagayen bincike]] Yawancin lokaci ana gudanar da bincike ta amfani da tsarin samfurin hourglass na bincike. <ref>Trochim, W.M.K, (2006). Research Methods Knowledge Base.</ref> Samfurin agogon sa'a yana farawa tare da faffadan bakan don bincike, yana mai da hankali kan bayanan da ake buƙata ta hanyar hanyar aikin (kamar wuyan hourglass), sannan fadada bincike a cikin hanyar tattaunawa da sakamako. Manyan matakai wajen gudanar da bincike su ne: * Gano matsalar bincike * Nazarin adabi * Kayyadaddun manufar bincike * Kayyade takamaiman tambayoyin bincike * Kayyadaddun tsarin ra'ayi, wani lokaci har da saitin hasashe * Zabin hanya (don tattara bayanai) * Tarin bayanai * Tabbatar da bayanai * Yin nazari da fassara bayanan * Ba da rahoto da kimanta bincike * Sadar da sakamakon binciken da, maiyuwa, shawarwari Matakan gaba daya suna wakiltar tsarin gaba daya; duk da haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da su azaman tsari mai canzawa koyaushe maimakon kayyadaddun matakan matakai. Yawancin bincike suna farawa da cikakken bayani na matsalar, ko kuma wajen, dalilin shiga cikin binciken. Binciken wallafe-wallafen yana gano kurakurai ko ramuka a cikin binciken da ya gabata wanda ke ba da hujja ga binciken. Sau da yawa, ana yin bitar wallafe-wallafe a wani yanki da aka bayar kafin a gano tambayar bincike . Wani gibi a cikin adabi na yanzu, kamar yadda mai bincike ya gano, sannan ya haifar da tambayar bincike. Tambayar bincike na iya zama daidai da hasashe . Hasashen shine tunanin da za a gwada. Masu binciken (s) suna tattara bayanai don gwada hasashe. Masu binciken (s) sun yi nazari da fassara bayanai ta hanyoyi daban-daban na kididdiga, suna shiga cikin abin da aka sani da bincike mai zurfi . Sakamakon binciken bayanai na kin yarda ko rashin kin yarda da hasashe maras tushe ana bayar da rahoto da kimantawa. A karshe, mai binciken zai iya tattauna hanyoyin da za a bi don karin bincike . Duk da haka, wasu masu bincike suna ba da shawarar hanyar komawa baya: farawa tare da bayyana binciken da tattaunawa akan su, motsawa "sama" don gano matsalar bincike da ke fitowa a cikin binciken da nazarin wallafe-wallafe. Hanyar da aka bi ta baya ta tabbata ta hanyar ma'amala ta hanyar bincike inda binciken bincike, tambayoyin bincike, hanyar bincike, wallafe-wallafen binciken da suka dace, da sauransu ba su da cikakkiyar masaniya har sai binciken ya fito cikakke kuma an fassara shi. Rudolph Rummel ya ce, “...babu wani mai bincike da ya isa ya yarda da kowane gwaji daya ko biyu a matsayin tabbatacce. Sai kawai lokacin da kewayon gwaje-gwajen suka yi daidai da nau'ikan bayanai da yawa, masu bincike, da hanyoyin za su iya samun kwarin gwiwa ga sakamakon." [[Plato]] a cikin Meno yayi magana game da wata matsala ta asali, idan ba ma'ana ba, na yin bincike da za a iya fassara ta ta hanyar da ke gaba, "Idan kun san abin da kuke nema me yasa kuke nema?! [watau, kuna da. An riga an same shi] Idan ba ku san abin da kuke nema ba, me kuke nema? !" <ref>Plato, & Bluck, R. S. (1962). Meno. Cambridge, UK: University Press.</ref> == Hanyoyin bincike == [[File:NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006-1-_3.jpg|thumb| Dakin bincike a ɗakin karatu na Jama'a na New York, misali na bincike na biyu da ke ci gaba]] [[File:Hilleman-Walter-Reed.jpeg|thumb| Maurice Hilleman, fitaccen masanin rigakafin rigakafi na karni na 20, an lasafta shi da ceton rayuka fiye da kowane masanin kimiyya a wancan lokacin. ]] Manufar tsarin bincike shine samar da sabon ilimi ko zurfafa fahimtar wani batu ko batu. Wannan tsari yana daukar manyan siffofi guda uku (ko da yake, kamar yadda aka tattauna a baya, iyakokin da ke tsakanin su na iya zama m): * Binciken bincike, wanda ke taimakawa wajen ganowa da ayyana matsala ko tambaya. * Bincike mai mahimmanci, wanda ke gwada ra'ayoyin kuma yana ba da shawarar mafita ga matsala ko tambaya. * Binciken kwakkwaran, wanda ke gwada yuwuwar mafita ta amfani da hujjoji na zahiri . Akwai manyan nau'ikan kira na bincike mai karfi guda biyu: bincike mai inganci da bincike mai kididdigewa. Masu bincike suna zabar hanyoyin kididdigewa ko kididdiga bisa ga yanayin batun binciken da suke son bincikawa da tambayoyin binciken da suke son amsawa: == Bincike mai inganci== Kwararren bincike yana nufin karin abubuwan da ba na kididdigewa ba, amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na tattara bayanai, nazarin bayanai, fassarar bayanai don ma'anoni, ma'anoni, halaye, alamomin misalan abubuwa. Kwararren bincike ya ci gaba da rarraba zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan binciken '''an rarraba su:''' Wannan binciken ya fi mayar da hankali kan al'adun rukunin mutane wadanda suka hada da halaye, harshe, ayyuka, tsari, kima, ƙa'idodi da abubuwan duniya, kimanta salon rayuwar dan adam. Kabila: mutane, Grapho: don rubutawa, wannan almajirin na iya hadawa da kungiyoyin kabilu, kabila, sake tsugunar da jama'a da halayen jin dadin jama'a. '''Phenomenology''' : Dabaru ce mai karfi sosai don nuna hanya zuwa ilimin kwararrun kwararrun kiwon lafiya kuma mafi dacewa don bincika matsalolin ƙalubale a cikin ilimin sana'o'in kiwon lafiya. ; Binciken kididdiga : Wannan ya kunshi bincike na kididdiga na kididdiga na kaddarorin kididdiga da abubuwan al'ajabi da alakarsu, ta hanyar yin kungiyar tambaya da tattara bayanan kididdiga don tantance ta ta amfani da hanyoyin kididdiga . Kirar binciken kididdiga na gwaji ne, daidaitawa, da bincike (ko siffantawa). <ref>Creswell, J.W. (2008). ''Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research.'' Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.</ref> Ana iya amfani da kididdigar da aka samo daga bincike mai kididdigewa don tabbatar da wanzuwar hadin kai ko alaka tsakanin masu canji. Binciken kididdigewa yana da alaƙa da matsayin falsafa da ka'idar positivism . Hanyoyin tattara bayanai masu kididdigewa sun dogara da samfurin bazuwar da tsararrun kayan tattara bayanai wadanda suka dace da gogewa daban-daban cikin kayyadaddun martani.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2012}} haifar da sakamako wadanda za a iya takaitawa, kwatantawa, da kuma hada su zuwa ga yawan jama'a dan tattara bayanan ta amfani da ingantaccen samfuri da dabarun tattara bayanai. Binciken kididdigewa ya shafi gwajin hasashe da aka samo daga ka'idar ko iya ƙididdige girman abin ban sha'awa. <ref name=":2" /> Idan tambayar binciken ta kasance game da mutane, ana iya sanya mahalarta bazuwar zuwa jiyya daban-daban (wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a iya daukar binciken kididdiga a matsayin gwaji na gaskiya).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2012}}Idan wannan ba , mai binciken zai iya tattara bayanai game da mahalarta da halayen yanayi don sarrafa kididdiga don tasirin su akan dogara, ko sakamako, mai canzawa. Idan manufar ita ce ta zama gama gari daga mahalarta bincike zuwa yawan jama'a, mai binciken zai yi amfani da samfurin yuwuwar don zabar mahalarta. A cikin bincike na kididdiga ko kididdigewa, masu binciken (masu) na iya tattara bayanan farko ko na sakandare. Bayanan farko sune bayanan da aka tattara musamman don bincike, kamar ta hanyar tambayoyi ko tambayoyin tambayoyi. Bayanan na biyu bayanai ne da suka wanzu, kamar bayanan kidayar, waɗanda za a iya sake amfani da su don bincike. Yana da kyau aikin bincike na dabi'a don amfani da bayanan sakandare a duk inda zai yiwu. <ref>Kara H. (2012). ''Research and Evaluation for Busy Practitioners: A Time-Saving Guide'', p. 102. Bristol: The Policy Press.</ref> Binciken hada-hadar hanya, watau binciken da ya hada da abubuwa masu inganci da kididdiga, ta yin amfani da bayanan farko da na sakandare, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. <ref>Kara H (2012). ''Research and Evaluation for Busy Practitioners: A Time-Saving Guide'', p. 114. Bristol: The Policy Press.</ref> Wannan hanya tana da fa'idodi wadanda amfani da hanya ɗaya kaɗai ba zai iya bayarwa ba. Misali, mai bincike zai iya zabar ya gudanar da bincike mai inganci kuma ya bi shi da kididdiga na kididdiga don samun ƙarin fahimta. Manyan bayanai sun kawo babban tasiri kan hanyoyin bincike ta yadda a yanzu masu bincike da yawa ba sa yin kokari sosai wajen tattara bayanai; Bugu da Karin, an kirkira hanyoyin yin nazari cikin sauki samuwan adadi mai yawa na bayanai. Nau'in Hanyar Bincike 1. Hanyar Bincike ta Observatory 2. Hanyar Bincike Daidaita ; ; Binciken da ba na zahiri ba Binciken da ba a iya amfani da shi ba ( ka'idar ) wata hanya ce da ta shafi ci gaban ka'idar sabanin amfani da kallo da gwaji. Don haka, binciken da ba na zahiri ba yana neman mafita ga matsalolin ta amfani da ilimin da ake da shi a matsayin tushensa. Wannan, duk da haka, ba ya nufin cewa ba za a iya samun sababbin ra'ayoyi da sababbin abubuwa a cikin tafkin da aka kafa da kuma ingantaccen ilimin ba. Binciken da ba na zahiri ba ba cikakkiyar madadin bincike ba ne saboda ana iya amfani da su tare don karfafa hanyar bincike. Babu ɗayan da ba shi da tasiri fiye da dayan tunda suna da takamaiman manufarsu a kimiyya. Yawanci bincike mai zurfi yana samar da abubuwan lura wadanda ke bukatar yin bayani; sannan bincike na ka'idar yayi kokarin bayyana su, kuma a yin haka ya haifar da hasashe da za a iya gwadawa; Sannan ana gwada wadannan hasashe ta zahiri, suna ba da Karin abubuwan lura wadanda za su bukaci Karin bayani; da sauransu. Duba Hanyar Kimiyya . Misali mai sauki na dawainiyar da ba ta da karfi ita ce kirar sabon magani ta amfani da aikace-aikacen da aka bambanta na ilimin da ke akwai; wani kuma shine ci gaban tsarin kasuwanci a cikin nau'i na ginshiki mai gudana da rubutu inda duk abubuwan da suka dace sun fito ne daga ingantaccen ilimi. Yawancin bincike na cosmological shine ka'idar a yanayi. Binciken [[Lissafi|ilimin lissafi]] baya dogara ga bayanan da ake samu a waje; maimakon haka, yana neman tabbatar da ka'idoji game da abubuwan lissafi . == Da'a na bincike == '''Ka'idodin bincike''' sun shafi batutuwan dabi'a da ke tasowa a lokacin ko sakamakon ayyukan bincike, da kuma halayen masu bincike guda daya, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi al'ummomin bincike. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=961–979}}</ref> A tarihi, badakala irin su gwajin dan adam na Nazi da gwajin syphilis na Tuskegee ya haifar da fahimtar cewa ana buƙatar kwararan matakai don gudanar da bincike na dabi'a don tabbatar da cewa ba a cutar da mutane, dabbobi da muhalli ba ta hanyar binciken kimiyya. Gudanar da ka'idojin bincike bai dace ba a cikin kasashe kuma babu wata hanyar da ta dace a duk duniya game da yadda ya kamata a magance shi. <ref name=":0">Israel, M. G., & Thomson, A. C. (27–29 November 2013). ''The rise and much-sought demise of the adversarial culture in Australian research ethics.'' Paper presented at the 2013 Australasian Ethics Network Conference, Perth, Australia.</ref> <ref name=":1">Israel, M. (2016). ''Research ethics and integrity for social scientists: Beyond regulatory compliance'' (Second ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=848–858}}</ref> Kwamitocin da'a na bincike ( Hukumar bita a cikin Amurka) sun fito a matsayin tsarin mulki daya don tabbatar da gudanar da bincike cikin gaskiya. Sa’ad da muke yanke hukunci na dabi’a, kila za a yi mana ja-gora da dabi’u dabam-dabam . Masana falsafa sun bambanta tsakanin hanyoyin kamar deontology, consequentialism, [[Konfushiyanci|Confucianism]], virtue ethics, da Ubuntu ethics, don lissafta kaɗan. Ko da kuwa hanyar da za a bi, aikace-aikacen ka'idar ɗabi'a zuwa takamaiman mahallin an san shi azaman ɗa'a mai amfani, kuma ana iya kallon dabi'ar bincike a matsayin wani yanki na dabi'a da aka yi amfani da shi saboda ana amfani da ka'idar da'a a cikin yanayin bincike na zahiri. Ethical issues may arise in the design and implementation of research involving human experimentation or animal experimentation. There may also be consequences for the environment, for society or for future generations that need to be considered. Research ethics is most developed as a concept in medical research, with typically cited codes being the 1947 Nuremberg Code, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, and the 1978 Belmont Report. Informed consent is a key concept in research ethics thanks to these codes. Research in other fields such as [[Kimiyyar zamantakewa|social sciences]], information technology, [[biotechnology]], or engineering may generate different types of ethical concerns to those in medical research. A cikin ƙasashe irin su Kanada, ana buƙatar horar da ɗabi'un bincike na wajibi ga ɗalibai, furofesoshi da sauran waɗanda ke aiki a cikin bincike, <ref>Government of Canada. (n.d.). Panel on Research Ethics: The TCPS2 Tutorial Course on Research Ethics (CORE). Retrieved from http://pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/education/tutorial-didacticiel/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701085507/http://www.pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/education/tutorial-didacticiel |date=2019-07-01 }}</ref> <ref>Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, & Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. (2018). ''Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans: TCPS2 2018''. Retrieved from http://www.pre.ethics.gc.ca/eng/documents/tcps2-2018-en-interactive-final.pdf</ref> yayin da Amurka ta kafa doka kan yadda kwamitocin bita na cibiyoyi ke aiki tun daga Dokar Bincike ta ƙasa ta 1974. An bambanta da'a na bincike da haɓaka ingantaccen ilimi ko bincike, wanda ya haɗa da batutuwa irin su rashin da'a na kimiyya (misali zamba, kirkira bayanai ko saɓo ). Saboda kusancin kusanci da mutunci, ana Kara habaka dabi'un bincike a matsayin wani bangare na faffadan fage na gudanar da bincike (RCR a Arewacin Amurka) ko Bincike da Kirkirar Alkawari a Turai, kuma tare da hukumomin gwamnati kamar Ofishin Bincike na Amurka. Mutunci ko Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Sadarwar Sadarwar Kanada kan Hakkin Bincike na habaka ko buƙatar horon tsaka-tsakin ga masu bincike. == Matsaloli a cikin bincike == ==bibangareike == Meta-research shine nazarin bincike ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin bincike. Har ila yau, an san shi da "bincike kan bincike", yana da nufin rage sharar gida da haɓaka ingancin bincike a kowane fanni. Meta-bincike ya damu da kansa tare da gano son zuciya, kurakuran hanya, da sauran kurakurai da rashin aiki. Daga cikin binciken meta-bincike akwai ƙarancin ƙima na haɓakawa a cikin fagage da yawa. Ana kiran wannan wahalar sake haifar da bincike " rikicin maimaitawa ." <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=–1002264}}</ref> ==Hanyoyin bincike == A cikin fannoni da yawa, hanyoyin Yammacin Turai na gudanar da bincike sun fi yawa. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=484–485}}</ref> Ana koyar da masu binciken hanyoyin tattara bayanai da nazari da yawa na Yammacin Turai. Habaka haɓakar yan asalin kasar a matsayin masu bincike ya kawo Karin hankali ga lacuna na kimiyya a cikin hanyoyin tattara bayanai masu mahimmancin al'adu . Hanyoyin tattara bayanai na yammacin duniya bazai zama mafi inganci ko dacewa ga bincike kan al'ummomin da ba na yamma ba. Misali, " [[Hua Oranga]] " an halicce shi ne a matsayin ma'auni don kimanta tunanin mutum a cikin al'ummar Māori, kuma ya dogara ne akan ma'auni na lafiyar hankali mai mahimmanci ga mutanen Māori - "taha wairua (girman ruhaniya), taha hinengaro (girman tunani), taha tinana (girman jiki), da taha whanau (girman iyali)". <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=27–31}}</ref> ==Son zuciya == Research is often biased in the languages that are preferred (linguicism) and the geographic locations where research occurs. Periphery scholars face the challenges of exclusion and linguicism in research and academic publication. As the great majority of mainstream academic journals are written in English, multilingual periphery scholars often must translate their work to be accepted to elite Western-dominated journals.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=321–331}}</ref> Multilingual scholars' influences from their native communicative styles can be assumed to be incompetence instead of difference.<ref name="Canagarajah">{{Cite journal|url-status=435–472}}</ref> Domin kwatankwacin siyasa, kasashen Yamma sun fi yawa a cikin karatun kasa daya, tare da mai da hankali kan Yammacin Turai, Kanada, Ostiraliya, da New Zealand. Tun daga shekara ta 2000, kasashen Latin Amurka sun fi shahara a karatun kasa daya. Sabanin haka, kasashe a cikin Oceania da [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]] sune mafi kankanta na bincike kadan. Alamun son zuciya kuma suna nuna alaka da ilimin harshe: ƙasashen da harsunansu na hukuma na Faransanci ko Larabci ba su da yuwuwar zama abin da ake mayar da hankali kan karatun kasa daya fiye da kasashen da ke da harsunan hukuma daban-daban. A cikin Afirka, kasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi sun fi sauran kasashe wakilci. <ref name="Pepinsky">{{Cite journal|url-status=187–203}}</ref> ==Gabaɗaya == Gabaɗaya shine tsarin aiwatar da ingantaccen sakamakon binciken guda ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1886–1891}}</ref> Nazarin tare da ƙunƙun yanki na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa, ma'ana cewa sakamakon ƙila ba zai iya amfani da wasu al'ummomi ko yankuna ba. A cikin siyasa kwatankwacin, wannan na iya haifar da yin amfani da nazarin ƙasa ɗaya, maimakon ƙirar nazarin da ke amfani da bayanai daga ƙasashe da yawa. Duk da batun gama-gari, karatun ƙasa ɗaya ya ƙaru sosai tun daga ƙarshen 2000s. <ref name="Pepinsky"/> ==Bitar takwarorinsu na bugawa==     Bita na tsara wani nau'i ne na kayyade kai ta ƙwararrun mambobi na sana'a a cikin filin da ya dace. Ana amfani da hanyoyin bita na tsara don kiyaye ƙa'idodin inganci, haɓaka aiki, da samar da gaskiya. A cikin ilimin kimiyya, ana amfani da bitar takwarorinsu sau da yawa don tantance dacewar takardar ilimi don bugawa. Yawanci, tsarin bitar takwarorinsu ya ƙunshi ƙwararru a wannan fanni waɗanda editoci suke tuntuɓar su don yin bitar ayyukan ilimi da abokin aikinsu ya samar ta hanyar rashin son zuciya da rashin son kai, kuma ana yin hakan kyauta. Al'adar sake dubawa ta abokan gaba kyauta duk da haka ta kawo matsaloli da yawa waɗanda kuma ke nuni da dalilin da ya sa yawancin masu bitar takwarorinsu ke ƙi gayyata da yawa don dubawa. An lura da cewa wallafe-wallafen daga ƙasashen waje ba safai suke tashi zuwa matsayi ɗaya da na Arewacin Amurka da Turai ba, saboda ƙayyadaddun wadatar albarkatu da suka haɗa da takarda mai inganci da nagartaccen software na nuna hoto da kayan aikin bugu ya sa waɗannan wallafe-wallafen ba su da ƙarfi. gamsar da ƙa'idodi a halin yanzu ɗauke da iko na yau da kullun ko na yau da kullun a cikin masana'antar bugawa. <ref name="Canagarajah"/> Wadannan iyakoki kuma suna haifar da rashin wakilci na masana daga ƙasashen da ke kewaye a cikin jerin wallafe-wallafen da ke da matsayi mai daraja dangane da yawa da ingancin ƙoƙarin binciken waɗannan malamai, kuma wannan rashin wakilcin ya haifar da raguwar yarda da rashin daidaituwa. sakamakon kokarin da suke yi a matsayin gudummawar da ke tattare da ilimin da ake samu a duniya. ==Tasirin motsin buɗe ido, == Motsin shiga buɗe yana ɗauka cewa duk bayanan da ake ganin suna da amfani yakamata su kasance masu 'yanci kuma suna cikin "yankin jama'a", na "yan Adam". Wannan ra'ayin ya sami yaɗuwa a sakamakon tarihin mulkin mallaka na Yamma kuma ya yi watsi da wasu ra'ayi na rarraba ilimi. Misali, yawancin al'ummomin ƴan asalin suna ganin cewa samun wasu bayanai da suka dace da ƙungiyar yakamata su kasance ta hanyar alaƙa. <ref name="Christen" /> Ana zargin cewa akwai ma'auni biyu a tsarin ilimin Yammacin Turai. A gefe guda, "Gudanar da Hakkin dijital" da ake amfani da shi don hana samun damar yin amfani da bayanan sirri a dandalin sada zumunta ana yin bikin ne a matsayin kariya ta sirri, yayin da a lokaci guda lokacin da kungiyoyin al'adu ke amfani da irin wannan ayyuka (watau al'ummomin 'yan asalin) ana yin Allah wadai da hakan a matsayin "shigarwa". sarrafawa" kuma an tsawatar a matsayin tacewa. == Hanyoyi na gaba== Duk da cewa rinjayen Yammacin Turai ya zama sananne a cikin bincike, wasu masana, irin su Simon Marginson, suna jayayya da "bukatar [ga] duniyar jami'a". Marginson yayi jayayya cewa tsarin Confucian na Gabashin Asiya zai iya daukar nauyin tsarin Yammacin Turai. Wannan na iya kasancewa saboda sauye-sauye na kudade don bincike duka a Gabas da Yamma. An mai da hankali kan jaddada nasarar ilimi, al'adun gabashin Asiya, musamman a Sin da Koriya ta Kudu, sun karfafa karuwar kudade don fadada bincike. Sabanin haka, a duniyar ilimi ta Yamma, musamman a Burtaniya da kuma wasu gwamnatocin jihohi a Amurka, an samu raguwar kudade don gudanar da bincike a jami’o’i, wanda wasu suka yi.  ya ce na iya haifar da koma baya ga rinjayen Yammacin Turai a cikin bincike. == Hanyoyi na mulkin mallaka== {{Excerpt|Neo-colonial science}} == Kwarewa == A cikin tsarin ilimi na kasa da na masu zaman kansu da yawa, kwarewar bincike ya haifar da lakabin aiki na yau da kullun. ==A Rasha== A cikin Rasha ta yau, da wasu ƙasashe na tsohuwar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]], kalmar ''mai bincike'' ( {{Lang-ru|Научный сотрудник}} , ''nauchny sotrudnik'' ) An yi amfani da shi duka a matsayin jumla ga mutumin da ke gudanar da bincike na kimiyya, kuma a matsayin matsayi na aiki a cikin tsarin Kwalejin Kimiyya, Jami'o'i, da sauran cibiyoyin bincike. An san masu daraja masu zuwa: * Kwararrun Mai Bincike (Kungiyar Kwararrun Bincike) * Mai Bincike (Abokin Bincike) * Babban Mai Bincike (Babban Abokin Bincike) * Jagoran Mai Bincike (Jagoran Ƙwararrun Bincike) * Babban Mai Bincike (Babban Mataimakin Bincike) == wallafawa == [[File:Nature_cover,_November_4,_1869.jpg|thumb| Murfin fitowar farko ta ''Nature'', 4 ga Nuwamba 1869]] Buga ilimi tsari ne da ya wajaba ga malaman ilimi su yi nazari kan aikin da kuma samar da shi ga masu sauraro. Tsarin ya bambanta da yawa ta filin kuma koyaushe yana canzawa, idan sau da yawa a hankali. Yawancin aikin ilimi ana buga su a cikin labarin jarida ko sigar littafi. Hakanan akwai babban rukunin bincike da ke wanzuwa a cikin ko dai tass ko sigar dissertation. Ana iya samun wadannan nau'ikan bincike a cikin ma'ajin bayanai a sarari don kasidu da rubuce-rubuce. A cikin bugawa, bugu na STM taƙaitaccen wallafe-wallafen ilimi ne a cikin kimiyya, fasaha, da magani. Yawancin [[Shacin Fannonin Akadamiya|filayen ilimi]] da aka kafa suna da nasu mujallu na kimiyya da sauran kantuna don bugawa, kodayake yawancin mujallu na ilimi sun dan bambanta, kuma suna buga ayyuka daga fagage daban-daban ko fagage daban-daban. Ire-iren wallafe-wallafen da aka karba azaman gudummawar ilimi ko bincike sun bambanta sosai tsakanin fage, daga bugawa zuwa tsarin lantarki. Wani bincike ya nuna cewa bai kamata masu bincike su yi la'akari sosai ga binciken da ba a maimaita su akai-akai. An kuma ba da shawarar cewa duk wani binciken da aka buga ya kamata a yi shi da wani ma'auni don tantance inganci ko amincin hanyoyinsa don hana buga sakamakon binciken da ba a tabbatar ba. <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=361–364}}</ref> Samfuran kasuwanci sun bambanta a cikin yanayin lantarki. Tun daga farkon shekarun 1990, ba da lasisin albarkatun lantarki, musamman mujallu, ya zama ruwan dare. A halin yanzu, babban yanayin, musamman game da mujallu na ilimi, shine damar buɗe ido . <ref>{{Cite journal|last10=amp|url-status=433–441}}</ref> Akwai manyan nau'o'i guda biyu na buɗaɗɗen damar shiga: buɗaɗɗen damar budadden shiga, wanda a ciki ana samun labaran ko dukan mujallu kyauta daga lokacin bugawa, da kuma adana bayanan kai, inda marubucin ya ba da kwafin aikin nasu kyauta akan yanar gizo. . == Tallafin bincike == Yawancin kudade don binciken kimiyya sun fito ne daga manyan tushe guda uku: bincike na kamfanoni da sassan ci gaba ; tushe masu zaman kansu ; da majalissar bincike na gwamnati irin su Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa a Amurka da Majalisar Binciken Likita a Burtaniya. Ana gudanar da waɗannan da farko ta hanyar jami'o'i kuma a wasu lokuta ta hanyar ƴan kwangilar soja. Yawancin manyan masu bincike (kamar shugabannin rukuni) suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa na neman tallafi don kudaden bincike. Waɗannan tallafin ba dole ba ne kawai ga masu bincike don gudanar da binciken su har ma a matsayin tushen cancanta. Cibiyar Sadarwar kwararrun Gwamnatin Ammasu zaman kansu. == Manazarta == == Duba kuma == 9tubcrjbn3iz8srl1ypa61w18g4uu6j 0 49150 548301 259248 2024-11-29T11:28:21Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 548301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ekuele''' ko '''ekuele''' ita ce kudin [[Gini Ikwatoriya|Equatorial Guinea]] tsakanin 1975 zuwa 1985. Ko da yake an raba su zuwa ''centimos'' 100, ba a bayar da rabe-rabe ba. An yi amfani da sunan ekuele (jam'i iri ɗaya) har zuwa 1979, yayin da ekwele (jam'i ''bipkwele'' ) aka yi amfani da shi bayan. Sauya sunan kudin zuwa "ekwele" daga "peseta" ya samo asali ne daga wani babban shiri na Afirka wanda ke nufin kawar da kasar daga mulkin mallaka ta hanyar cire sunayen Mutanen Espanya da nassoshi daga cikin jama'a; ''ekpele'' kudin ƙarfe ne kafin mulkin mallaka wanda mutanen Fang da Beti ke amfani da shi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ekuele|title=Definition of EKUELE|website=www.merriam-webster.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liganda.ch/ligmohi/GQ_monhist.html|title=Monetary History - Equatorial Guinea|website=www.liganda.ch}}</ref> Ekuele ya maye gurbin ''peseta guineana'' daidai, yayin da aka maye gurbin ekwele da [[CFA franc na Tsakiyar Afrika|CFA franc ta Tsakiyar Afirka]] (rubuta ''franco'' akan tsabar kudi na Equatorial Guinean da takardun banki) a kan adadin 1 Franco = 4 bipkwele. == Tsabar kuɗi == An fitar da tsabar kudin ekuele na farko a cikin 1975. Duk ƙungiyoyin sun nuna shugaban farko Francisco Macías Nguema akan maƙasudin maƙasudi da ƙa'idodi akan baya. Waɗannan su ne aluminium-bronze 1 ekuele da jan karfe nickel 5 da 10 ekuele. A cikin 1980 da 1981, an fitar da tsabar kudi na 1 ekweta, 5, 25 da 50 bipkwele, wanda ya maye gurbin tsabar kuɗin da aka yi a baya waɗanda aka cire daga rarrabawa. An sake fitar da mafi ƙanƙanta mazhabobi a cikin aluminum-tagulla yayin da manyan ƙungiyoyin ke cikin nickel na jan karfe. A wannan karon dukkan ƙungiyoyin sun fito ne da shugaban ƙasa na biyu, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo kuma suna da tsarin ƙira irin na 1969 Equatorial Guinean peseta. Wannan fitowar ta biyu an yi ta cikin ƙanƙanta fiye da waɗanda suka gabata kuma waɗannan tsabar kudi ba su da yawa a yau. Bayan 1985 Equatorial Guinea ta shiga cikin [[Kungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasar Afirka ta Tsakiya|Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] kuma an maye gurbin duk tsabar kudi na gida da tsabar kudin CFA ta Tsakiyar Afirka. [[File:Coins_of_the_Equatorial_Guinean_Ekwele.jpg|right|thumb| Wannan silsilar tsabar kudi ta keɓaɓɓu an yi ta ne kawai a cikin 1975 amma ana amfani da ita har zuwa 1981.]] == Takardun kuɗi == "Banco Popular" ya fitar da bayanin kula a cikin ƙungiyoyin 25, 50, 100, 500, da 1000 ekwele daga 1975 wanda kamfanin Thomas De La Rue ya buga. Bayan faduwar gwamnatin Macías an sake fasalin tsarin hada-hadar kudi tare da "Banco de Guinea Ecuatorial" ta dauki nauyin samar da kudin takarda a shekarar 1979 tare da ba da sanarwa a cikin majami'u 100, 500, 1000, da 5000 bipkwele. Wannan jeri na biyu kamar yadda Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre ta buga a Spain. Bayan 1985 an cire duk takardun banki na gida kuma aka maye gurbinsu da takardun banki na CFA ta Tsakiyar Afirka. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kudi]] [[Category:Kuɗi]] [[Category:Kudade]] n123mzzgr84j47ova6sdaxsoq2zodrg 0 49866 547695 539384 2024-11-28T19:35:04Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547695 wikitext text/x-wiki Grant ko Grants na iya zama: * Grant (sunan yanka) , gami da jerin mutane da halayen almara * Grant (sunan mahaifi) , gami da jerin mutane da halayen almara ** Ulysses S. Grant (1822-1885), shugaban Amurka na 18 kuma janar na Tarayyar a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka ** Cary Grant (1904-1986), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya-Amurka ** Hugh Grant (an haife shi a shekara ta 1960), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya ** Richard E. Grant (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya-Swazi ** Mai Shari'a Grant (disambiguation), alƙalai mai suna Grant * Gidan Grant, dangin Highland na Scotland == Shari'a da taimakon jama'a == * Grant (kudi) , lambar yabo da gwamnati, kasuwanci, ko tushe ke tallafawa, sau da yawa tare da abubuwan da ba na riba ba * Grant (doka) , kalma a cikin jigilar kaya * Kyautar ƙasar Mutanen Espanya da Mexico a New Mexicotallafin ƙasa a New Mexico * Kyautar ƙasar Mutanen Espanya a Florida * ''Grant da Torstar Corp'', babbar shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Kanada kan sadarwa mai alhakin jama'a a matsayin karewa daga ɓata suna == Wuraren da aka yi == * Gundumar Grant (disambiguation) == Ostiraliya == * Grant, Queensland, wani yanki a yankin Barcaldine, Queensland, Australia == Ƙasar Ingila == * Kyautar Castle == Amurka == * Grant, Alabama * Grant, yankin Inyo, California * Grant, Colorado * Grant-Valkaria, Florida * Grant, Iowa * Grant, Michigan * Grant, Minnesota * Grant, Nebraska * Grant, Ohio, wata al'umma da ba a kafa ta ba * Grant, Wisconsin (disambiguation) (birane shida) * Grant City, Indiana * Birnin Grant, Missouri * Grant City, tsibirin Staten * Grant Lake (disambiguation) , tabkuna da yawa * Grant Park, Illinois * Grant Park (Chicago) * Grant Town, West Virginia * Grant Township (disambiguation) (ƙauyuka 100 a cikin jihohi 12) * Garin Grant a cikin Gidan shakatawa na Yellowstone * Gudummawa, New Mexico * Gidan sarauta, Oregon * Gidan Grant na Amurka a kan Kogin Ohio da Kogin Scioto * Babban abin tunawa na kasa na Janar Grant aka Grant's TombKabarin Grant == Indiya == * Filin jirgin saman Jolly Grant Dehradun, Uttarakhand == Kanada == * Garin karkara na Grant No. 372, Saskatchewan == Fasaha, nishaɗi, da kafofin watsa labarai == * Grant (littafi) , tarihin rayuwar Ulysses S. Grant na 2017 na Ron Chernow * Grant (miniseries), wani miniseries na 2020 wanda ya dogara da littafin Chernow * "Grant", waka ce ta Patti Smith daga littafinta na 1978 <nowiki><i id="mwdw">Babila</i></nowiki> == Kasuwanci == * Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc., wani ɗan jarida ne mai ba da labari da fiction kimiyya a New Hampshire * W. T. Grant iri-iri kantin sayar da kayayyaki, sarkar manyan kantin sayarwar kayayyaki * William Grant &amp;amp; Sons, kamfanin shayar da giya na Scotch == Motoci da sufuri == * Grant (motar), tsohuwar masana'antar kera motoci ta Findlay, Ohio * M3 Lee, tankin Amurka, an kira wani gyare-gyare da Grant''Kyauta'' * USS Grant, jiragen ruwa da yawa na Sojan Ruwa na Amurka == Sauran amfani == * Grant, lokacin magana don lissafin dala hamsin na Amurka wanda ke ɗauke da hoton Shugaba Ulysses S. Grant * Cyclone Grant, guguwa ce ta wurare masu zafi da ta fadi a kusa da Darwin, Ostiraliya, a ƙarshen Disamba 2011 * Kyautar makamai a cikin daraja ivysmn2k4bi3kshr9w7qe1eor0s7gfp 547696 547695 2024-11-28T19:35:43Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547696 wikitext text/x-wiki Grant ko Grants na iya zama: * Grant (sunan yanka) , gami da jerin mutane da halayen almara * Grant (sunan mahaifi) , gami da jerin mutane da halayen almara ** Ulysses S. Grant (1822-1885), shugaban Amurka na 18 kuma janar na Tarayyar a lokacin yakin basasar Amurka ** Cary Grant (1904-1986), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya-Amurka ** Hugh Grant (an haife shi a shekara ta 1960), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya ** Richard E. Grant (an haife shi a shekara ta 1957), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya-Swazi ** Mai Shari'a Grant (disambiguation), alƙalai mai suna Grant * Gidan Grant, dangin Highland na Scotland == Shari'a da taimakon jama'a == * Grant (kudi) , lambar yabo da gwamnati, kasuwanci, ko tushe ke tallafawa, sau da yawa tare da abubuwan da ba na riba ba * Grant (doka) , kalma a cikin jigilar kaya * Kyautar ƙasar Mutanen Espanya da Mexico a New Mexicotallafin ƙasa a New Mexico * Kyautar ƙasar Mutanen Espanya a Florida * ''Grant da Torstar Corp'', babbar shari'ar Kotun Koli ta Kanada kan sadarwa mai alhakin jama'a a matsayin karewa daga ɓata suna == Wuraren da aka yi == * Gundumar Grant (disambiguation) == Ostiraliya == * Grant, Queensland, wani yanki a yankin Barcaldine, Queensland, Australia == Ƙasar Ingila == * Kyautar Castle == Amurka == * Grant, Alabama * Grant, yankin Inyo, California * Grant, Colorado * Grant-Valkaria, Florida * Grant, Iowa * Grant, Michigan * Grant, Minnesota * Grant, Nebraska * Grant, Ohio, wata al'umma da ba a kafa ta ba * Grant, Wisconsin (disambiguation) (birane shida) * Grant City, Indiana * Birnin Grant, Missouri * Grant City, tsibirin Staten * Grant Lake (disambiguation) , tabkuna da yawa * Grant Park, Illinois * Grant Park (Chicago) * Grant Town, West Virginia * Grant Township (disambiguation) (ƙauyuka 100 a cikin jihohi 12) * Garin Grant a cikin Gidan shakatawa na Yellowstone * Gudummawa, New Mexico * Gidan sarauta, Oregon * Gidan Grant na Amurka a kan Kogin Ohio da Kogin Scioto * Babban abin tunawa na kasa na Janar Grant aka Grant's TombKabarin Grant == Indiya == * Filin jirgin saman Jolly Grant Dehradun, Uttarakhand == Kanada == * Garin karkara na Grant No. 372, Saskatchewan == Fasaha, nishaɗi, da kafofin watsa labarai == * Grant (littafi) , tarihin rayuwar Ulysses S. Grant na 2017 na Ron Chernow * Grant (miniseries), wani miniseries na 2020 wanda ya dogara da littafin Chernow * "Grant", waka ce ta Patti Smith daga littafinta na 1978 <nowiki><i id="mwdw">Babila</i></nowiki> == Kasuwanci == * Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc., wani ɗan jarida ne mai ba da labari da fiction kimiyya a New Hampshire * W. T. Grant iri-iri kantin sayar da kayayyaki, sarkar manyan kantin sayarwar kayayyaki * William Grant &amp;amp; Sons, kamfanin shayar da giya na Scotch == Motoci da sufuri == * Grant (motar), tsohuwar masana'antar kera motoci ta Findlay, Ohio * M3 Lee, tankin Amurka, an kira wani gyare-gyare da Grant''Kyauta'' * USS Grant, jiragen ruwa da yawa na Sojan Ruwa na Amurka == Sauran amfani == * Grant, lokacin magana don lissafin dala hamsin na Amurka wanda ke ɗauke da hoton Shugaba Ulysses S. Grant * Cyclone Grant, guguwa ce ta wurare masu zafi da ta fadi a kusa da Darwin, Ostiraliya, a ƙarshen Disamban shekarar 2011 * Kyautar makamai a cikin daraja q1muk88v21iftnd7q1y0bbuix83o7yr 0 50387 547684 544180 2024-11-28T19:22:41Z Adamu ab 23827 547684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} Viz Media ta ba da lasisin ''Fairy Cube'' don sakin Ingilishi a Arewacin Amurka.Ya yi samfoti da jerin shirye-shiryen a cikin manga anthology ''Shojo Beat'' kuma ya fito da jerin daga watan Mayu ta shekara dubu biyu da takos 2008 zuwa Nuwamba 2008. An buga bugu na dijital a cikin shekarar dubu biyu da goma Sha daya 2011. Chuang Yi ya buga wani fassarar Turanci a Singapore, kuma an fassara jerin shirye-shiryen zuwa wasu harsuna da dama. Jerin ya sami kewayon sake dubawa: sake dubawa na ƙarar farko gabaɗaya tabbatacce ne, kodayake masu sharhi sun bambanta a cikin tunaninsu akan ƙarshe. Ƙarshe na ƙarshe da aka sanya a cikin jerin ICv2 na manyan litattafan zane-zane 300 mafi kyawun siyarwa don Nuwamba 2008. == Makirci == ''Fairy Cube'' yana faruwa ne a cikin duniyar tatsuniyoyi wanda a cikinsa wata duniyar,wacce ke da nau'ikan aljana da sauran abubuwan da ba na ɗan adam ba,ta wanzu tare da Duniya ta yau. Jerin yana mayar da hankali kan Ian Hasumi,ɗan shekaru goma sha biyar mai ban tsoro wanda ke ganin almara - ganuwa ga mutane na yau da kullun - kuma Tokage ya ruɗe shi, ruhu mai ban tsoro kawai zai iya gani. A cikin tarihinsa, an bayyana cewa kafin fara jerin shirye-shiryen, mahaifiyarsa, Kureha Hasumi ya bar, ya sa mahaifinsa marubuci, Kazumi Hasumi, don ƙone fuka-fuki a kallan ya dawo don hana shi yin hakan. Rin Ishinagi, Abokin yara na Ian da aka zalunta da "murkushe"asiri, daga baya ya koma birnin da yake zaune bayan ya rabu da shekaru. Da yake tuntuɓe a wurin da aka yi kisan kai kuma ya ga wani mutum ya ɗauko cube daga jikin wanda aka kashe lan ya bi shi ya koma wani kantin kayan gargajiya, inda mutumin ainihin Gancanagh mai suna Kaito, ya ba shi kumbun almara na Tokage-a.cube mallakar wata aljana ce da za ta iya ba da damar aljana ta mallaki mutumin da ke da ita.Ba da daɗewa ba, mahaifinsa ya kashe Ian, wanda Tokage ya yi amfani da shi, kuma yanzu yana kasancewa a matsayin ruhu,tare da Tokage yana da jikinsa.Komawa shagon Kaito da kuma bayan tafiya ta cikin Sauran Duniya tare da Ainsel, ƙaramin ƙarami amma mai ƙarfi da muguwar almara a cikin soyayya da Kaito,Ian yana kula da jikin wani matashi mai suna Eriya Barnett.[nb 1]Ƙudurinsa ya motsa, Ainsel ya yarda ya taimaka masa a ƙoƙarinsa na dawo da jikinsa. A kan hanya,Ian ya sadu da mahaifiyarsa Lise,wani leanan sídhe kamar Kureha, wanda ya bayyana cewa Kureha ya bar kafin ta kawar da rayuwar Kazumi gaba daya;Shira Gotoh ,yarinya mai suturar ƙetare da aka haifa a cikin sauran duniya wanda,a matsayin shugabar kamfanin samar da ƙasa na miliyoyin miliyoyin Gotoh Group,da nufin mayar da yanayin ga al'adun gargajiya; da Raven, Shira's allahntaka mai tsaro wanda danginsa ke gadin "kofar aljani"..Bugu da ƙari, Ian ya koyi cewa Tokage ya girma a cikin Sauran Duniya,iyayensa Kureha da Kazumi sun yi watsi da su,amma wani almara ba na asali ba ne ya ƙaunace shi;a lokacin da kauyensa ya yi kokarin sadaukar da shi ga allahn yaki da mutuwa, sai ya yanka su kuma allah ya tsira..Don kutsa kai cikin rukunin Gotoh, Rin ta ba da damar a kama kanta,kuma a ƙarƙashin faɗuwar gasar kyakkyawa, kamfanin ya yi niyyar girbi makamashin kujerun aljanu da masu kallo don buɗe "kofar aljani"ga sauran duniya..Ian ya ceci Rin,kuma allahn almara Balor ya bayyana cewa yana zaune a jikin mahaifin Shira da ke kwance kuma a bayan shirin. A ƙarshe Ian ya dawo jikinsa ta hanyar sihiri,yayin da jikin Eriya ya karɓi Tokage.Bayan da Gotoh ya kama shi a yawancin jerin shirye-shiryen, Kureha ya bayyana kuma kafin ya mutu, ya bayyana cewa Tokage tagwaye ne na Ian..An kashe Shira ne bayan yanke rayuwar Balor, kuma Raven ya gane cewa angonsa, wadda Kaito ya yaudare, ta kwance kofar aljanin kafin a fara shirin,ta fusata da su biyun saboda wasa da yadda take ji.Ainsel,a asirce da sanin siginar hatimi na ƙofar,kuma Kaito ya mutu tare a matsayin hadaya don rufe ƙofar aljani, kamar yadda Ian da Rin suka taimaka ta barin mutanen duniya su hango aljanu da kuma amfani da ƙarfin imaninsu. ppaq9psbvrw9uea3xh37lx9cpnaf7rl 0 51268 548299 266664 2024-11-29T11:24:41Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 548299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ana kiyaye '''haƙƙin ɗan adam a [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]]''' ƙarƙashin tsarin mulkin ƙasa. Duk da haka, gwargwadon yadda irin waɗannan haƙƙoƙin ke nunawa a aikace yana fuskantar muhawara. Rahoton Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na shekarar ta 2009 na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ya lura da damuwa game da dakatar da ayyukan zabukan dimokuradiyya sakamakon rikicin siyasa na baya-bayan nane.<ref name="2009 Human Rights Report">, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100315154636/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/af/135962.htm 2009 U.S Dept of State Human Rights Report: Madagascar]</ref> Bugu da ƙari kuma, rahotannin cin hanci da rashawa, [[Kamu da tsarewa ba bisa ka'ida ba|kama mutane ba bisa ka'ida ba]] da kuma bautar da yara sun nuna yadda al'amuran kare hakkin bil'adama ke yaduwa a kasar.<ref name="2009 Human Rights Report" /> <ref>Lawson H, Bertucci M.L, ''Encyclopedia of human rights'', Taylor & Francis, 1996. p.978</ref> == Kundin tsarin mulki da martani na doka == An amince da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Madagascar a shekarar 2010.<ref>"Madagascar's Constitution of 2010" (PDF). Constitution Project.</ref> Yana magana akan ra'ayi na zaɓe na duniya, 'yancin ɗan adam da [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]].<ref name="cs">{{csref|country=madagascar|author=Peter J. Schraeder|section=Constitution and Institutions of Governance}}This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . Peter J. Schraeder (August 1994). "Constitution and Institutions of Governance". In Meditz, Helen Chapin (ed.). Indian Ocean: five island countries . Federal Research Division , Library of Congress . LCCN 95016570 .</ref> An zartar da dokoki game da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki da kuma haramcin aikin yara.<ref name="2009 Human Rights Report">, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100315154636/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/af/135962.htm 2009 U.S Dept of State Human Rights Report: Madagascar]</ref> == Yarjejeniyoyi na duniya == Matsayin Madagascar game da yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin bil adama na kasa da kasa sune kamar haka. {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="border:none; " !International treaties |- | style="padding:0; border:none;" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="border-collapse:collapse;" width="100%" |Treaty |Organization |Introduced |Signed |Ratified |- align="center" | style="background:#99f; align=left" |Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide<ref name="UN 1">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#99f;" |[[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|United Nations]] | style="background:#99f;" |1948 | style="background:#99f;" | - | style="background:#99f;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination<ref name="UN 2">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1966 | style="background:#9f9;" |1967 | style="background:#9f9;" |1969 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights<ref name="UN 3">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1966 | style="background:#9f9;" |1970 | style="background:#9f9;" |1971 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<ref name="UN 4">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1966 | style="background:#9f9;" |1969 | style="background:#9f9;" |1971 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<ref name="UN 5">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1966 | style="background:#9f9;" |1969 | style="background:#9f9;" |1971 |- align="center" | style="background:#99f; align=left" |Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity<ref name="UN 6">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#99f;" |United Nations | style="background:#99f;" |1968 | style="background:#99f;" | - | style="background:#99f;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid<ref name="UN 7">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1973 | style="background:#9f9;" | - | style="background:#9f9;" |1977 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women<ref name="UN 8">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1979 | style="background:#9f9;" |1980 | style="background:#9f9;" |1989 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment<ref name="UN 9">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1984 | style="background:#9f9;" |2001 | style="background:#9f9;" |2005 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |Convention on the Rights of the Child<ref name="UN 11">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |1989 | style="background:#9f9;" |1990 | style="background:#9f9;" |1991 |- align="center" | style="background:#99f; align=left" |Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty<ref name="UN 12">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#99f;" |United Nations | style="background:#99f;" |1989 | style="background:#99f;" | - | style="background:#99f;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#99f; align=left" |[[Kariyar Ma'aikata Matafiya|International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families]]<ref name="UN 13">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#99f;" |United Nations | style="background:#99f;" |1990 | style="background:#99f;" | - | style="background:#99f;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#ff9; align=left" |Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women<ref name="UN 8b">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#ff9;" |United Nations | style="background:#ff9;" |1999 | style="background:#ff9;" |2000 | style="background:#ff9;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict<ref name="UN 11b">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |2000 | style="background:#9f9;" |2000 | style="background:#9f9;" |2004 |- align="center" | style="background:#9f9; align=left" |Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography<ref name="UN 11c">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#9f9;" |United Nations | style="background:#9f9;" |2000 | style="background:#9f9;" |2000 | style="background:#9f9;" |2004 |- align="center" | style="background:#ff9; align=left" |Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities<ref name="UN 15">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#ff9;" |United Nations | style="background:#ff9;" |2006 | style="background:#ff9;" |2007 | style="background:#ff9;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#ff9; align=left" |Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities<ref name="UN 15a">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#ff9;" |United Nations | style="background:#ff9;" |2006 | style="background:#ff9;" |2007 | style="background:#ff9;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#ff9; align=left" |International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance<ref name="UN 16">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#ff9;" |United Nations | style="background:#ff9;" |2006 | style="background:#ff9;" |2007 | style="background:#ff9;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#ff9; align=left" |[[Yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa kan Haƙƙin kula da Tattalin Arzikin Jama'a da Al'adun su|Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights]]<ref name="UN 3a">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#ff9;" |United Nations | style="background:#ff9;" |2008 | style="background:#ff9;" |2009 | style="background:#ff9;" | - |- align="center" | style="background:#99f; align=left" |Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure<ref name="UN 11d">{{Cite web|last3=United Nations}}</ref> | style="background:#99f;" |United Nations | style="background:#99f;" |2011 | style="background:#99f;" | - | style="background:#99f;" | - |} |} == Batutuwa == === Takaddama === Zarge-zargen da ake yi wa kafafen yada labarai sun taso ne saboda takunkumin da ake zargin gwamnatin kasar ta yi na yada labarai na adawa da gwamnati. <ref>Madagascar: Media Under Attack One Month After New President Installed " . AllAfrica . 23 April 2009.</ref> A lokacin rikicin shugabanci, Ravalomanana ya ba da umarnin rufe "Viva TV", wanda abokin hamayyarsa Rajoelina ya mallaka. <ref name="2009 Human Rights Report">, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100315154636/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/af/135962.htm 2009 U.S Dept of State Human Rights Report: Madagascar]</ref> === Daidaito === An amince da zaben mata a hukumance a shekarar 1959.<ref>"Women's Suffrage" . archive.ipu.org .</ref> Duk da haka [[cin zarafin mata]] da [[Safarar Mutane|fataucin mutane]] na ci gaba da zama wani batu a cikin al'umma. <ref name="2009 Human Rights Report">, [https://web.archive.org/web/20100315154636/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/af/135962.htm 2009 U.S Dept of State Human Rights Report: Madagascar]</ref> === Tsarin doka === Kasancewar manyan ka'idojin shari'a kamar bin doka da bin ka'ida, ana tambaya ne saboda karuwar kama-karya na son kai da siyasa yayin rikicin shugabanci. A watan Disamba 2014, ''jerin kayayyakin da ake samarwa da aikin yara suka nuna cewa yara a cikin ayyukan dila'', ana yin sahryaring, da ruwan sanyi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2023}} === Talauci === Mutanen [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] suna fama da matsanancin [[talauci]]. Ya zuwa shekarar 2005, gabar tekun Gabashin kasar na da matsanancin talauci da ya kai kusan kashi 80% yayin da biranen ke da sama da kashi 50%. <ref>"IMF Staff Country Reports Volume 2006 Issue 303: Republic of Madagascar: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Annual Progress Report (2006)" . imfsg .</ref> Fiye da kashi 20% na yawan jama'a suna rayuwa a ƙarƙashin $11.25 kowace rana kuma sama da 80% na yawan jama'a akan ƙasa da $15.00 kowace rana kamar na shekarar 2010. Kasar ta samu babban ci gaba a fannin karatu. Gabaɗaya, akwai alaƙa tsakanin ƙimar karatu da talauci. Idan an ci gaba da samun ci gaba na ƙara yawan masu karatu na Madagascan, ya kamata adadin talauci ya fara raguwa bi da bi.<ref>"Face of Poverty in Madagascar" . openknowledge.worldbank.org .</ref> == Yanayin Tarihi == Jadawalin da ke gaba yana nuna ƙimar Madagascar tun 1972 a cikin rahoton Freedom in the World, wanda Freedom House ke bugawa kowace shekara. Ƙimar 1 "kyauta" ne; 7, "ba kyauta ba". <ref name="FH1972">Freedom House (2012). "Country ratings and status, FIW 1973-2012" (XLS). Retrieved 2012-08-22.{{Cite web|last3=Freedom House}}</ref> 1 {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="border:none; " !Historical ratings |- | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="border-collapse:collapse;" width="100%" | style="width:3em; text-align:left;" |Year | style="width:3em;" |[[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|Political Rights]] | style="width:3em;" |[[Ƴancin Jama'a|Civil Liberties]] | style="width:3em;" |Status | style="width:3em;" |Head of State{{ref|b|2}} |- align="center" | align="left" |1972 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Philibert Tsiranana |- align="center" | align="left" |1973 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Gabriel Ramanantsoa |- align="center" | align="left" |1974 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Gabriel Ramanantsoa |- align="center" | align="left" |1975 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Gabriel Ramanantsoa |- align="center" | align="left" |1976 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |5 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1977 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1978 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1979 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1980 | style="background:#99f;" |7 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1981 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1982{{ref|c|3}} | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |6 | style="background:#99f;" |Not Free | style="background:#99f;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1983 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1984 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1985 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1986 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1987 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1988 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1989 | style="background:#ff9;" |5 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1990 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1991 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1992 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1993 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1994 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Albert Zafy |- align="center" | align="left" |1995 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Albert Zafy |- align="center" | align="left" |1996 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Albert Zafy |- align="center" | align="left" |1997 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Norbert Ratsirahonana |- align="center" | align="left" |1998 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |1999 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |2000 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |2001 | style="background:#ff9;" |2 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |2002 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Didier Ratsiraka |- align="center" | align="left" |2003 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2004 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2005 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2006 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2007 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2008 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |3 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2009 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Marc Ravalomanana |- align="center" | align="left" |2010 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Andry Rajoelina |- align="center" | align="left" |2011 | style="background:#ff9;" |6 | style="background:#ff9;" |4 | style="background:#ff9;" |Partly Free | style="background:#ff9;" |Andry Rajoelina |} |} == Duba kuma == * Fataucin mutane a Madagascar * Binciken Intanet da sa ido a Madagascar * Hakkokin LGBT a Madagascar * Siyasar Madagascar * 2006 yunkurin juyin mulkin Malagasy == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}}{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/africa/southern-africa/madagascar/report-madagascar/ Rahoton Shekara-shekara na 2022], ta [[Amnesty International]] * [https://freedomhouse.org/country/madagascar/freedom-world/2023 'Yanci a Duniya Rahoton 2023], ta Freedom House * [https://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/madagascar Haƙƙin ɗan adam a Madagascar akan gidan yanar gizon OHCHR] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ip4i1rdjyw3oq8h1nx78jkffegpulgg 0 51520 547685 462402 2024-11-28T19:24:57Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547685 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gwamnatoci da kungiyoyi ne ke kirkiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ===Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> ==== Kasashe masu tasowa ==== ===== China ===== Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ===== Najeriya ===== A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> === matakin kasa da kasa === ==== Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ==== In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. ==== Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ==== A cikin 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] h2io1g697telptzuqgp2medd0wng3xx 547689 547685 2024-11-28T19:30:26Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547689 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gwamnatoci da kungiyoyi ne ke kirkiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ===Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] e5v7ovxaw75smdc9d5wteqgnm7pwg5i 547692 547689 2024-11-28T19:31:42Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547692 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gwamnatoci da kungiyoyi ne ke kirkiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p3fub6qdkqvciar1e8886fbrl7xzseh 547734 547692 2024-11-28T20:16:12Z Mahuta 11340 547734 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gwamnatoci da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ocl25f9wamx9296zbobngje35s5ryya 547735 547734 2024-11-28T20:16:28Z Mahuta 11340 547735 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin [[gymnastics]] da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 35euqrl1gqxmxef5z77i3fyqg15mz9p 547736 547735 2024-11-28T20:17:02Z Mahuta 11340 547736 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gymnastics da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar [[muhalli]] akan lafiya na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9qhec3sw54jdc6a9mbws55y76derjoj 547737 547736 2024-11-28T20:17:18Z Mahuta 11340 547737 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gymnastics da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar [[muhalli]] akan [[lafiya]] na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin karni na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0nwr6hq2krd1tcn5g6tanbcrhou3th8 547738 547737 2024-11-28T20:17:40Z Mahuta 11340 547738 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gymnastics da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan [[lafiya]] na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin [[karni]] na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da gwamnatocin jihohi suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fpfkaxa1bz2ytutnyoyvct1awfw59l3 547739 547738 2024-11-28T20:18:04Z Mahuta 11340 547739 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gymnastics da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan [[lafiya]] na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin [[karni]] na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da [[germination jihohi]] suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5vbs49r9e53hqdb3kmbnvt8u20vqt52 547740 547739 2024-11-28T20:18:22Z Mahuta 11340 547740 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The Row on Washington Square North.jpg|thumb|Kadan daga yanayin yanda muhalli suke. ]]  {{databox}} '''Manufar kula da muhalli,''' ita ce mu'amala tsakanin muhalli da [[lafiya]], da kuma yadda yanayin zai iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. Manufofin gymnastics da ƙungiyoyi ne ke ƙirƙiro su inda suke ganin matsalolin dake tasowa a cikin lafiyar ikon ikonsu da suka shafi muhalli, kuma [[Ma'akacin Kiwon Lafiya da Muhalli|jami'an kiwon lafiya na muhalli]] ke aiwatar da su.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lichtveld |first=Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781003253358/environmental-policy-public-health-barry-johnson-maureen-lichtveld |title=Environmental Policy and Public Health: Principal Health Hazards and Mitigation, Volume 1 |date=2022-02-28 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-003-25335-8 |edition=3 |location=Boca Raton |doi=10.1201/9781003253358}}</ref> Akwai dalilai da yawa na muhalli waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa ga lafiya ciki har da ingancin iska, [[canjin yanayi]], ruwan sha mai guba, da bayyanar sinadarai masu guba. <ref name=":24">{{Cite journal|url-status=573–584}}</ref> Dangane da yankin da manufar ke ciki, za a magance matsalolin muhalli daban-daban a cikin manufofin. Wasu illar muhalli akan [[lafiya]] na iya haɗawa da [[Cutar Asthma|asma]], [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], kwalara, cuta, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], da rauni na jiki. <ref name=":24" /> Wadannan kuma sun dogara ne akan yankin da mutum yake rayuwa, da kuma yadda yanayin muhalli ke da tsanani. Batun sauyin yanayi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin [[karni]] na 21, wanda ke bukatar daukar mataki daga shugabannin duniya. Lokacin da aka sami canje-canje masu yawa ga muhalli, lafiyar jama'a na da haɗari ga haɗarin haɗari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimating environmental health impacts |url=https://www.who.int/activities/environmental-health-impacts |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Ana iya aiwatar da manufofin kula da muhalli a matakai da yawa na gwamnati, gami da na gundumomi, jihohi da na duniya. Gwamnonin ƙananan hukumomi sun fi mayar da hankali kan manufofin da suka shafi iyakokin da suke sarrafawa, yayin da germination [[jihohi]] suka fi mayar da hankali ga garuruwa ko jihohi da dama da ke cikin iyakokin su inda yanayin ya shafi lafiya. Manufofin duniya sun haɗa da haɗin gwiwar jihohi da yawa dan aiwatar da manufa iri ɗaya don magance manyan batutuwan muhalli kan kiwon lafiya kamar gurɓataccen yanayi da sauyin yanayi. Kasashe masu tasowa suna daukar wata hanya ta daban akan siyasar lafiyar muhalli fiye da kasashen da suka ci gaba. Kasashe masu tasowa ba koyaushe suke samun damar samun albarkatu iri daya ba don aiwatar da manufofin da za su inganta muhalli da lafiyar 'yan kasarsu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=OECD |title=Investing Together: Working Effectively Across Levels of Government |publisher=OECD Publishing |year=2013}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli na iya yin tasiri mara daidaituwa akan ƙananan kudin shiga da kuma yankunan ƙabilanci suna fuskantar matsalolin muhalli da ƙarancin rayuwa. == Ma'anarsa == Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli ita ce haɗin kai tsakanin muhalli da lafiyar 'yan ƙasa a wani yanki da aka ayyana. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1177–80}}</ref> Lokacin ayyana manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli yana da kyau a raba ra'ayi zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban: muhalli, lafiya da manufa. Yanayin yanayi na kalmar yana nufin yanayin muhalli da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam. [[Lafiya]] yana nufin ikon ɗan adam na yin aiki cikin nasara lokacin da abubuwan muhalli ke canzawa koyaushe. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=d4163}}</ref> A cikin ma'anarsa mafi sauƙi, lafiya shine jin daɗin rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya. Manufa ita ce "hanyar aiki ko ka'ida da gwamnati, jam'iyya, kasuwanci, ko wani mutum suka amince da shi." Manufar Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli tana nufin tasirin ɗan adam akan muhalli, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kuma yana buƙatar aiwatar da manufofin. == Dalilan Muhalli == Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan muhalli da ke taimakawa ga lafiyar al'ummar duniya shine [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin chanjin yanayi]]. Canjin yanayi shine tsayin lokaci mai tsayi da/ko faɗuwar yanayin zafi da karkatar da yanayin yanayi akan lokaci. Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, yankin Arctic na Kanada ya karu da zafin jiki da digiri uku ko hudu. <ref name=":18" /> Yayin da dumamar yanayi na Arewacin Arctic ke ci gaba, ragi na ruwa yana shiga cikin tsarin. Ko ragi ya kasance saboda ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, ƙarin adadin ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa mai daɗi. <ref name=":18" /> Tare da haɓaka matsanancin yanayin yanayi, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki sun zama mafi yawa a cikin waɗannan yanayi. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Wadannan cututtuka ma yaduwa da abin da ke tare da su (saro, tic da sauransu) sun dogara ga yanayin muhalli wajan yadawa da tsira. <ref name=":19" /> Haifuwa da yaɗuwar waɗannan cututtuka na da matuƙar tasiri sakamakon sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":19" /> Gurbacewar iska wani dalili ne dake tabbatar kasancewa wajen a tasirin lafiya.gurbatatcciyar iska Yana samu wane ta qara tsananin batu a shugowar shekara cigaban kasa su ne kwarewa sosai shugowar kudi da mutuwar su dayawa wasu mutane a wani bangare ma ana albarkatun da ake buqata su rayu . Gurbacewar iska Yana zuwa ta hanya biyu ne; watsi da watsa. Sune kowane kallan kazanta kamar su lokacin tafiya, kuna ma a danai ko Da saukin daga qasa [[Tashin matakin teku|Hawan matakan teku]] wani abu ne na muhalli wanda ke shafar lafiyar mutane a wani yanki da aka ba shi. Daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa matakin teku ya fara tashi shi ne narkar da manyan kankara da ke kankara. <ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|url-status=2.24–2.28}}</ref> Idan dusar kankara ta fara narkewa da sauri, matakin teku zai yi tasiri. <ref name=":20" /> Wata hanyar da matakan teku ke tashi ita ce lokacin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru, ƙwayoyin ruwa suna faɗaɗa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari. <ref name=":20" /> Yayin da matakan teku suka fara tasowa, layin bakin teku ya fara fadada. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, wannan yana sa mutane su zama 'yan gudun hijirar muhalli. Yayin da ruwan teku ya tashi ya fara shafar ƙasa mai daraja da ake amfani da ita don abinci da sauran girbi. Mutane miliyan 200 ne adadin mutanen da ke fuskantar hadarin ambaliya idan ruwan teku ya tashi 40&nbsp;cm da 2080s. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> == Hatsarin Rashin lafiya == Hatsarin kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da muhalli ya fara shafar mutane a duniya. An yi kiyasin cewa karuwar zafi a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 150,000 a kowace shekara. I<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Turai a lokacin rani na shekarar 2003 sun sami sama da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 22,000 zuwa 45,000 a cikin makonni biyu. <ref name=":19" /> Wannan shi ne mafi munin tasirin sauyin yanayi a tarihin baya-bayan nan. Ƙara yawan matsanancin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da karuwar mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke zuwa tare da matsanancin yanayin zafi sune damuwa mai zafi, gazawar jijiyoyin bugun jini, Hypothermia, da sauransu <ref name=":19" /> Yanayin zafin jiki yana kawo cututtukan zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin sauro da kuma iyawar sa da kuma yadda sauro zai iya shan jini . <ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|url-status=511}}</ref> Sauro na bunƙasa wajen watsa ƙwayoyin cuta inda yanayin zafi bai wuce digiri 25 na ma'aunin celcius ba. <ref name=":21" /> Ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ke ƙara yawaita a tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, yana aiki a matsayin cikakkiyar wurin kiwo don farkon rayuwar sauro a cikin ruwa. <ref name=":21" /> Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da ke haifar da cutar da ta fi yawa a Afirka. Cutar na jefa biliyoyin mutane cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":21" /> Sakamakon rashin isasshen kiwon lafiya inda cutar ta fi yawa, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa. <ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|url-status=310–317}}</ref> Muhalli na ba da gudummawa sosai ga nasarar da zazzabin cizon sauro ke samu wajen yada cutar. <ref name=":21" /> abu daya days zama game gari hadari ga lafiyar Al ummah gamuwa da haifar gurbacewar iska da ingancin iska. Rashin lafiya Tarin fuka in cutar ta tsananta wa mutum na kumbura a tsarin da lokacin yana bayyanar da Rashin lafiya sakamakon shakshakan numfashi da yin tari.[13] Kashe kashen muhalli kamar, gubatacciyar iska , taba, hayaki da na wasu kalansu iska ana samunta ta jikin Dan a Adam Canjin yanayi na iya shafar lafiyar ɗan adam ta numfashi ta hanyar tsananta cututtukan numfashi ko ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|url-status=161–169}}</ref> Canjin yanayi na iya shafar tsarin numfashi ta tsari adadin pollen is pollen da allergens a cikin iska, yaɗuwar ƙura, da kuma tasirin ledar sararin samaniyar ozone. <ref name=":23" /> Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da sanya damuwa a kan tsarin numfashi sau da yawa yana haifar da asma da sauran cututtuka na huhu. <ref name=":23" /> Wasu daga cikin haɗarin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin numfashi sun haɗa da asma, rhnosinusitis, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun. <ref name=":23" /> == Hanyoyi == == matakin karamar hukuma == == Hamilton, Ontario (Kanada) == Hamilton Yana da wani qarfe babba a wanin yank slallata manyan gurbacew ruwa sannam ma cikin gari. Tasirin gurbaciyar ruwa Yana kawo asarar $537 million a kowane shekara na kula da lafiya da sauran qun guyoyin ake .<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=955–973}}</ref> dayawa maganar lafiya yana tashine ta gurbaciyar ruwa a Hamilton da mutuwar yara health issues that arise with air pollution in Hamilton is premature death, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular problems. Hamilton is taking the initiative to spread awareness around environmental issues with the implementation of yearly summits. Vision 2020 is a community based development program which encourages community reporting of environmental issues, which influences policy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=428–443}}</ref> == Rochester, New York (United States of America) == In 2005, the city of Rochester enacted a rental housing-based lead law when the incidence of childhood lead poisoning was rising.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=309–15}}</ref> The new amendment to the housing code requires a lead inspection of rental properties built before 1978, with a focus on deteriorating paint within and outside the house.<ref name=":5" /> The law requires property owners to remove any lead based paint and dust from the premise and obtain a certificate of occupancy before they are able to rent out the property again.<ref name=":5" /> In order to keep compliance with the law, Rochester allows owners to be trained in lead safe repair work so Environmental Protection Agency workers are not required to correct violations.<ref name=":5" /> ==Harlem, New York (Amurka ta Amurika) == Harlem, tare da yankuna da yawa na Amurka, sun ɗauki hanyar bincike ta haɗin kai ta hanyar al'umma don bincika manufofin lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|url-status=101–110}}</ref> Kungiyar West Harlem Environmental ACTion Inc. da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Jami'ar Columbia sun yi nazari kan illar gurbatar man diesel ga muhalli, kuma sun ba da sakamakon ga gwamnati, wanda ya canza manufofinsu na kiwon lafiyar muhalli don daidaita sakamakon. <ref name=":4" /> Lafiyar numfashi ita ce babban abin damuwa ga canjin manufofin, wanda aka samo asali daga wani abu na musamman da carbon a cikin tushen diesel na gida. <ref name=":4" /> Harlem sun sake gina tsarin jirgin bas ɗin su ta hanyar amfani da dizal mai tsafta da shigar da na'urori na dindindin na iska don sarrafa yawan gurɓataccen iska da motocin bas ɗin ke haifarwa. <ref name=":4" /> ==Sao Paulo, Brazil == The metropolitan area of São Paulo has dealt with issues of air and water pollution created by motor vehicles and inadequate treatment of sewage.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal|url-status=95–107}}</ref> Infectious and parasitic diseases, circulatory diseases, and respiratory problems have all been a concern in São Paulo.<ref name=":17" /> The city uses data linkages (HEADLAMP) between the environment and health in order to influence future policies. [[Gurɓacewa|Air pollution]] has been improved marginally in regards to industrial pollution, but motor vehicle traffic creates the largest amount of sulphur dioxide emissions.<ref name=":17" /> Water treatment plants have not grown to accommodate the growing population, but piped water and sanitation facilities have been expanding.<ref name=":17" /> Impacts of the environment on health have been felt more in the poorer areas of the city compared to the wealthier sectors.<ref name=":17" /> == Kasashen da suka ci gaba == Kanada ta magance fallasa gubar shekaru da yawa, tana raguwa tun shekarun 1970 tare da kawar da fentin gubar da mai. Yayin da aka samu raguwar gubar dalma, har yanzu akwai alamun kamuwa da dalma daga fenti da kuma tsohon bututu a gidaje. <ref name=":3" /> Fitar da gubar ya fi illa ga mata masu juna biyu da yara, wanda hakan ya sa su fi kamuwa da guba. An jera gubar a matsayin abu mai guba a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Muhalli ta Kanada. Gwamnati ta aiwatar da ka'idoji game da gubar don haɓaka yanayi mai kyau. Ƙasashen Farko da Reshen Kiwon Lafiyar Inuit sun yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa an ba wa waɗannan al'ummomin dama dama ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya kwatankwacin waɗanda ke wurare iri ɗaya na Kanada. Kiwon lafiya Kanada ta ayyana yanayin kiwon lafiya don haɗa da ruwa mai tsafta, abinci, gidaje da wuraren da ake kula da su, zubar da sharar gida, da ikon rigakafi da sarrafa cuta. <ref name=":12" /> Ana aiwatar da Shirin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Muhalli a cikin ƙauyen ƙauye da yawa, waɗanda aka keɓance su ga takamaiman buƙatu ciki har da [[Tsaron abinci|amincin abinci]], tushen ruwa mai tsafta, da haɓaka rashin kyawun mahalli. <ref name=":12" /> {Asar Amirka na da manufofi da yawa don magance fallasa sinadarai, ingancin iska, makamashi, gurɓataccen mai, da tsaftataccen ruwan sha. Bayyanar da sinadarai na jama'a na iya yin tasiri a jiki ciki har da ciwon daji, cututtukan zuciya, asma da kiba. <ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|url-status=97–141}}</ref> Wadanda ke aiki a sassan masana'antu da noma sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, amma yara, mata masu juna biyu, da masu fama da rashin lafiya suma suna cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar. <ref name=":15" /> {Asar Amirka ta aiwatar da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba don magance fallasa sinadarai da tabbatar da cewa sinadarai ba su da lafiya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da yawa. <ref name=":15" /> EPA takawo cigaba na goge maii fetur da gas da biodiesel wanda gurbacewar iska Wanda Moto ke kawowa emission. sune kashi kashi na emission suna tasirin a lafiya respiratory health da qaruwan magunguna saboda yawa. Shekaran 2013, matafiya sukai transportation was more than half on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced in the environment. The country has also implemented vehicle emission standards to cut pollution from motor vehicles. Norway tana da ƙa'idodin muhalli da yawa da suka shafi ƙazanta, ingancin iska, da ruwa. Haka kuma akwai tsare-tsare da aka yi don kare lafiyar ‘yan kasa da jin dadin jama’a baki daya, da kuma a wuraren aiki. <ref name=":1" /> Wuraren aiki dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da matakan hanawa ko ɗauke da gurɓata ruwa, tare da shirya maganganun tasirin muhalli da son rai waɗanda ke samuwa ga hukumomin kula da gurɓataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Idan wurare suna fitar da hayaƙin carbon dioxide, to dole ne su nemi izinin fitarwa, kuma dole ne su ba da rahoton hayakin kowace shekara ga hukumomin kula da gurbataccen yanayi. <ref name=":1" /> Norway tana ƙoƙarin kare tushen ruwanta daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar tabbatar da kayan aiki aiwatar da matakan da ke haifar da mafi ƙarancin lahani ko damuwa ga jama'a ko kamfanoni. <ref name=":1" /> Gwamnati ta tsara tsare-tsare don tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar ma'aikata a kowane mataki, tare da daukar mataki kan duk wani hadari a cikin wuraren aiki da zai jefa lafiya cikin hadari. <ref name=":1" /> A halin yanzu ingancin iska a Turkiyya yana kan matakan da ake ganin cutarwa ga lafiyar dan adam. Girman ƙarfin huhu na yara yana raguwa a wuraren da ake yawan gurbatar iska, wanda zai iya ƙara yiwuwar kamuwa da [[cutar huhu]] . Haɗari ga lafiyar huhu sun haɗa da asma, [[Cutar huhu na yau da kullun|Ciwon Ciwon Jiki na Jiki]], Ciwon daji na huhu, da emphysema waɗanda za a iya ƙarfafa su ta rashin ingancin iska. <ref name=":6" /> Karfin kwal a Turkiyya ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari na gurbatar iska. <ref name=":6" /> Tushen wutar lantarki suna sakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da mercury, waɗanda zasu iya wucewa a cikin muhalli har zuwa shekaru arba'in. <ref name=":6" /> Kungiyar likitocin Turkiyya ta bayyana damuwarta game da karuwar masana'antar kwal a Turkiyya, tare da ba da shawarar dakatar da masana'antar kwal don kara ingancin iska a kasar zuwa matakan tsaro. <ref name=":6" /> Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ma'aikatar Lafiya sun haɗu tare da hukumomi da cibiyoyin kimiyya don fahimtar al'amuran kiwon lafiyar muhalli. <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|url-status=231}}</ref> Kasar Jamus ta dade da dadewa kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli domin kiyaye zaman lafiyar 'yan kasa. <ref name=":13" /> Manufofin sun dogara ne akan binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ma'aikatu, amma manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli galibi ba sa cikin tsarin manufofin tunda ana sarrafa su sosai. <ref name=":13" /> A cikin shekarar 2011, an aiwatar da manufofi don kawar da [[makamashin nukiliya]] a cikin ƙasar bayan bala'in nukiliya na Fukushima . Gurbacewar iska ta karu zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun daga shekarun 1980 saboda karuwar konewar kwal, lamarin da ya jefa jama'a cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututtuka masu alaka da gurbatar iska. <ref name=":14" /> Haka kuma hako ma'adinai a kasar ya haifar da gurbacewar ruwa da ke shafar lafiyar dan Adam da na dabbobi. <ref name=":14" /> An danganta hakar ma'adinan kwal da batutuwan muhalli da kiwon lafiya, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnati ta rufe dukkan ramukan hakar ma'adinai nan da shekarar 2018. Jamus ta kasance kan gaba wajen tinkarar hayakin carbon da ke da alaƙa da sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofi don rage amfani da albarkatu da ingantaccen amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa . <ref name=":14" /> == Kasashe masu tasowa == == China == Kasar Sin tana da albarkatun ma'adinai masu yawa kuma tana daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da karafa da karafa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Tun daga 1980s, sun ga karuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi da lalata albarkatun ƙasa, yana jefa lafiyar jama'a cikin haɗari. Gurbacewar iska ita ce babbar matsalar muhalli ta cututtukan zuciya a cikin kasar. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=170–172}}</ref> Kasashen Asiya suna neman yin bincike kan abubuwan muhalli don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar lafiya. Ma'adinan kasar Sin sun samar da gurbatacciyar kasa da ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=843–853}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune a kusa da yankin na ma'adinan suna cikin haɗari musamman na cututtukan cututtukan daji da kuma waɗanda ba na cutar daji ba na ƙasa. Babban hatsarori suna zuwa daga ban ruwa na najasa, aikace-aikacen sludge, hakar ma'adinai, da ayyukan narkewa. <ref name=":2" /> Wannan gurbatar yanayi yana shafar jikin mutum ta hanyar cutar da jijiya, kwarangwal, jini, enzymatic, endocrine, da tsarin rigakafi. <ref name=":2" /> Ƙarin sakamako na yau da kullum zai iya haɗawa da ciwon daji, raunin kashi, hauhawar jini, raunuka, da neuropathy. <ref name=":2" /> Kasar Sin ta gudanar da nazarin tantance hadarin kiwon lafiya kadan game da dukkan ma'adinan kasar, don haka ba a san cikakken hadarin da ke tattare da ma'adinan ba. A cikin al'ummomin da ke hakar ma'adinai na Indiya, yawan jama'a na cikin haɗarin cututtukan numfashi da zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|url-status=140–148}}</ref> Wadanda ke zaune kusa da ma'adinan sun ba da rahoton faruwar lamarin  na wadannan cututtuka. Wannan ya yi tasiri ga manufofin muhalli saboda hakar ma'adinai kasuwanci ce mai riba da za a iya mayar da ita, amma tare da illa ga lafiya an buƙaci su daidaita lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. <ref name=":10" /> Kasar Indiya ta kuma fuskanci wahala wajen samar da ruwan sha da ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a yankunan karkara. <ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|url-status=535–542}}</ref> An aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatar da buƙatun al'umma tun daga 2004 waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa ta hanyar samar da ruwa, tsafta, da tsafta. <ref name=":11" /> Wannan wani yunƙuri ne na inganta lafiyar yara, da rage gudawa da cututtuka masu nasaba da ruwa. <ref name=":11" /> Kashi 21% na al'ummar karkara ne kawai ke amfani da famfo mai zaman kansa, sauran kaso kuma suna tafiya don samun ruwa. Kashi 12% ne kawai ke amfani da bandakuna masu zaman kansu, sauran kuma sun tafi babban wurin tsaftar muhalli. <ref name=":11" /> Shirin da aka aiwatar ya sami damar ƙara samun ruwa mai tacewa, bandakuna masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka tsafta. ==Najeriya == A shekarar 2014, Najeriya ta aiwatar da dabarun hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa na WHO don tunkarar muradun karni. Manufar dabarar manufar ita ce tantance illolin lafiya na kasadar muhalli ta hanyar gudanar da kimar tasirin lafiya. Har ila yau, gwamnati na shirin kara karfin kasashen da za su iya tunkarar matsalolin muhalli da suka hada da sauyin yanayi, da gurbacewar iska, da kuma radiation da za su iya cutar da lafiya. <ref name=":16" /> Dabarar ta mayar da hankali kan samar da manufofi don inganta magunguna, samun damar kula da lafiya a duniya, da rage cututtuka da muhalli ke haifarwa. <ref name=":16" /> A cikin shekarar 2016, gwamnatin Kenya ta gabatar da sabuwar manufar tsaftar muhalli da tsaftar muhalli ta Kenya. Rashin tsaftar muhalli ya kasance kan gaba wajen yawan mace-mace a kasar. Sabuwar manufar ta haifar da wani lokaci daga 2016-2030 inda aka tsara ka'idoji don jihohi da na jihohi su bi don inganta tsafta da samar da ingantacciyar rayuwa. <ref name=":7" /> Manufar ita ce a samu damar tsaftace muhalli ta duniya nan da shekarar 2030. Wannan ya hada da duk wuraren taruwar jama'a da gidajen da ke da damar shiga bandaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda ba su da wari, da rage cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tsafta. <ref name=":7" /> A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na bandakuna a yankunan karkarar Kenya ana tona ramuka ne kuma ana yin bahaya a fili. Adadin magudanan tsaftar ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da yawancin ba a yi musu magani ba. <ref name=":7" /> Fashewar najasa da fitar da danyen najasa daga tsire-tsire al'ada ce ta yau da kullun, tana lalata ƙasa da samar da ruwa. <ref name=":7" /> Gurbacewar iska a cikin birane ma abin damuwa ne. A Nairobi, matakan gurɓata yanayi sun ninka shawarar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya sau uku. <ref name=":7" /> An yi hasashen karuwar biranen zai karu a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, don haka gwamnati ta kirkiro hangen nesa na 2030 na Kenya a kokarin magance ayyukan tsaftar muhalli a kasar. <ref name=":7" /> Kenya Vision na son mayar da Kenya sabuwar ƙasa mai ci gaban masana'antu, mai matsakaicin ra'ayi mai ingantacciyar rayuwa ga 'yan ƙasarta. <ref name=":7" /> == matakin kasa da kasa == == Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) == In 2006, the [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|World Health Organization]] created a study on specific diseases and injuries affected by environmental risks, and which regions of the world are at the most risk of injury. WHO studies the effects and supports the design of preventative and health strategies in countries to reduce environmental health risks.<ref name=":0" /> Environmental factors such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use can directly and indirectly affect health of citizens.<ref name=":0" /> WHO's findings found that 24% of global disease and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors (although they vary from developing countries with 25%, and developed with 17%).<ref name=":0" /> Several diseases found in the study included [[Gudawa|diarrhea]], respiratory infections, malaria, and unintentional injuries caused by environmental factors that can be modified by policy.<ref name=":0" /> Infectious diseases is a higher burden in developing countries than in developed, attributed to more exposure to environmental risks and lack of access to health care.<ref name=":0" /> Diseases attributed to environmental factors decrease with development to either eradication, or to levels comparable to developed regions.<ref name=":0" /> Children are disproportionately affected by environmental hazards. WHO found that children under the age of five are more prone to diseases from environmental factors than the rest of the total population.<ref name=":0" /> WHO ta tallafawa muradun karni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha mai dorewa. Fa'idodin MDG shine tanadi a fannin kiwon lafiya, haɓakar tattalin arziki, da ƙarancin rayuka da aka rasa daga cututtukan da gurɓataccen ruwa ke haifarwa. Kididdiga ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta nuna kiyasin mutane miliyan 4 zuwa 6.8 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a sararin samaniyar duniya a kowace shekara bugu da kari, 8 cikin 10 na mutane na shakar iska wanda ya karu da gurbacewar iska. == Majalisar Dinkin Duniya == A cikin shekarar 2000, an ƙirƙiri muradun Ƙarni na Ƙarni (MDG) a sanarwar Ƙarni na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Shugabannin kasashen duniya sun taru da nufin rage talauci nan da shekarar 2015 a kasashe masu tasowa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> An ƙirƙiro maƙasudai takwas don magance matsanancin talauci saboda yanayi, matsuguni, da cututtuka, da tabbatar da cewa kowa yana da [[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin samun lafiya]], ilimi, matsuguni, da tsaro. An amince da shi a cikin shekara ta 2015, Manufofin Ci Gaba mai Dorewa (SDG) da za a cimma ta a shekarar 2030 an ƙirƙira don maye gurbin MDG. Wadannan manufofin suna nufin duka kasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa, ta yin amfani da yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki don cimma burin. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|url-status=14294–14299}}</ref> Manufofin 3, 6, da 11 suna shafar manufofin lafiyar muhalli. Manufar 3 ita ce tabbatar da Lafiya da Lafiya mai kyau, wanda ke shafar wasu manufofi. Idan aka cimma manufofin muhalli, lafiyar kasar za ta iya inganta ta hanyar rage cututtuka da mutuwa. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–4}}</ref> Manufar 11 na samar da birane masu dorewa da al'ummomi yana da mahimmanci ga manufofin kiwon lafiyar muhalli tun lokacin da biranen babban abin damuwa ne wanda zai iya shafar albarkatun ciki har da ruwa, wanda ke shafar lafiyar jama'a. <ref name=":9" /> Manufar 6 na nufin samar da tsaftataccen ruwa da tsaftar muhalli a kasashe. <ref name=":9" /> Magance ruwan sha a cikin ƙasashe batu ne da manufofin SDG ke ƙoƙarin rinjayar ƙasashe don ingantawa da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha da tsafta. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=172–185}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references responsive="0"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0slp22jjzt6ibtjp5s0lpmy0h8x4qzh 0 52996 547614 375771 2024-11-28T17:55:43Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ahmad bin Ali Al-Hudhaify''' ɗaya ne daga cikin mahardata [[Alqur'ani mai girma]] kuma ɗaya daga cikin limamai da masu yin Khuɗuba a Masallacin [[Annabi Muhammad]] ('''S A W''') da wasu Masallatan a [[Saudi Arebiya|ƙasar Saudiyya]], ɗan liman kuma mai yin Khuɗuba a Masallacin ma'aiki (S A W). [[Ali Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Huzaify|Ali bin Abdul-Rahman Al-Huzaify]], yana aiki a matsayin limami kuma mai Khuɗuba a [[Masallacin Annabi|Masallacin]] [[Masallacin Annabi|Annabi]] [[Madinah|da ke Madina]] bayan ya kasance limami kuma mai Khuɗuba a [[masallacin Quba]] [[Madinah|na Madina]], kuma malami ne a jami’ar Taibah da ke Madina, kuma ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Musulunci da ke Madina, inda ya samu digiri na biyu da digirin digirgir inda ya fita da sakamako mai kyau sosai, wanda ya fita ne da first class, ya halarta majalisin karatuka da dama da laccoci da taron ƙarawa juna sani a ciki da wajen Madina.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.akhbaar24.com/article/detail/338642|date= 26 May 2017|accessdate= 15 July 2023|title= تكليف نجل الشيخ الحذيفي بإمامة المصلين في صلاة التراويح بالمسجد النبوي|publisher= Akbaar 24|language= ar|archive-date= 15 July 2023|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230715195432/https://www.akhbaar24.com/article/detail/338642|url-status= dead}}</ref> A cikin watan Ramadan na shekara ta, 1438, [[Fadar Shugaban Ƙasa ta Haramain|Babban Shugaban kwamiti mai kula da harkokin Masallacin Harami da Masallacin Manzon Allah (SAW)]] [[Madinah|da ke Madina ta sanya Al-]] Hudhaifi ya jagoranci masu Al'ummar Musulmi a cikin [[Sallah Tarawihi|Sallar Tarawihi]] a [[Masallacin Annabi|Masallacin Manzon Allah]] Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, inda yaci gaba da gudanar da Jagorantar Sallah Tarawihi/Asham/Alkayeji a cikin watan Ramadan a shekarar, 1439 AH da 1440 AH. A shekara ta, 1441 bayan hijira, a ranar 13 ga watan Safar aka yanke shawarar nada shi a matsayin limamin masallacin Annabi a hukumance. A cikin watan Disamban shekarar, 2022, an ba da izini don ya gabatar da Khuɗuba a Masallacin Annabi. == Malaman sa == * Yayi karatu a wajen Malamai da dama, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ahmad Al-Zayyat, inda ya samu shaidar iya karanta Al-qur'ani a cikin ruwayar Hafsu daga Imam Asim bin Abi Al-Nujoud. * Ya kuma yi karatu a wajen Baban shi wato [[Ali Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Huzaify|Ali bin Abdulrahman Al-Hudhaifi]]. * Kuma ya ɗauki Ilimi mai ɗinbin yawa kama daga abinda ya shafi Kufa a Larabci, Hadisi, Tafsiri, Fikihu, da ƙa'idojin Fiqhu daga wajen Shehunan Malamai da dama a [[Masallacin Annabi|masallacin Annabi,]] [[Madinah|Madina,]] da sauransu, baya ga karatun jami’a da yayi. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} kivaumavws9x6id3s7w5t2d9ox4bf2p 0 55323 547498 359632 2024-11-28T12:19:32Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 547498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Arshad Hussain Warsi''' (an haifeshi ranar 19 ga Afrilu 1968) ɗan wasan [[Indiya]] ne wanda ke fitowa a cikin fina-finan Hindu. Shi ne mai karɓar lambobin yabo da yawa da suka haɗa da lambar yabo ta Filmfare daga zaɓe guda biyar kuma an san shi da yin aiki a nau'ikan fim daban-daban.{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1968]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] p7gghpa6gh5k137iblxklqjgs81exo2 0 56199 547585 507152 2024-11-28T16:52:42Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:A Qur'anic teacher teaching students at Gadan Ɗahiru Deba, Gombe, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|malamin yana kouar da dalinai a gombe]] [[Fayil:Bima hiking 49.jpg|thumb|Dabe habe]] [[Fayil:Abhandlungen - Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Klasse (IA abhandlungenbaye1418baye).pdf|thumb|Deba Habe]] '''Deba''' wani lokaci an sanshi da '''Deba Habe''' gari ne a [[Gombe (jiha)|jihar Gombe]] a arewacin [[Najeriya]]. Ita ce hedikwatar karamar hukumar [[Yamaltu/Deba]], jihar Gombe. Ya zuwa 1995, tana da kiyasin yawan jama'a 135,400.{{stub}} eq4ivmn0zqe331ejn0uy7kwl1zcdl76 0 56396 548129 349867 2024-11-29T07:31:56Z Smshika 14840 548129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kpopie,'''na daya daga cikin garuruwan, karamar hukumar [[Gokana]] ta [[Jihar Rivers|jihar Ribas]] a [[Najeriya]]. Garin yana da iyaka da [[Bonny (Rivers)|Bonny]] daga gabas da kuma [[Bodo, Nijeriya|Bodo]] daga yamma a [[Gokana|karamar hukumar Gokana]]. [[Category:Garuruwa a Jihar Ribas]] hpzbl4ac2i6pednrmlgx5qzq9m1cfsm 0 56464 547612 520230 2024-11-28T17:51:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Destructor ARA Hércules.jpg|thumb|Jirgin Tuwan ara]] '''Garin Ara,''' [[gari]] ne a [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|karamar hukumar]] [[Nasarawa (Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] [[Nasarawa|jihar Nasarawa]] [[Tsakiyar Asiya|tsakiyar]] [[Najeriya]]. Ana [[Samun Ilimi|samun]] garin ne a [[Yammacin Asiya|yammacin]] jihar [[Nasarawa]] tare da iyakar [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|birnin tarayya]] Abuja ta gefen yammacin garin. Garin yana da kusan kilomita dari biyu da ashirin&nbsp;daga babban birnin jihar, [[Lafia]]. == Yawon shakatawa == Garin Ara gida ne ga [[Ara Rock|Dutsen Ara]] wanda ke fuskantar garin, kuma sanannen wurin shakatawa ne. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.northernnigeriatourism.com/states/nasarawa.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-08-12 |archive-date=2011-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723224141/http://www.northernnigeriatourism.com/states/nasarawa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} quek69c8oppr9d833n1xoi2b8hmrs9w 0 57760 547672 341519 2024-11-28T19:07:50Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 547672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Philippe-François Bart''' (28 ga Fabrairu 1706 – 12 Maris 1784)Jikan Admiral Jean Bart, wani jami’in sojan ruwa ne na Faransa wanda ya kasance Gwamnan Saint-Domingue (yanzu Haiti)daga 1757 zuwa 1761 a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai. == Shekaru na farko (1706-1722) == An haifi Philippe-François Bart a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 1706 a Dunkirk.{{Sfn|Bertrand|1864}}{{Efn|One source gives Bart's date of birth as 28 February 1703.{{sfn|Jal|1872|p=122}}}} Mahaifinsa shi ne mataimakin-admiral François Cornil Bart (1677-1755),kuma kakansa shi ne mai zaman kansa Jean Bart (1650-1702).Louis XIV ya girmama dangin Bart,kuma an buga wasiƙun masu martaba a cikin ''Mercure de France'' a cikin Oktoba 1694.{{Sfn|Franklin|1969}}Mahaifiyarsa ita ce Marie Catherine Viguereux(23 Agusta 1686 - 25 Nuwamba 1741).{{Sfn|Favre}}A cikin 1717 ya shiga Collège de Quatre Nations a Paris. Dan uwansa Gaspard-François Bart ya shiga makarantar shekaru uku bayan haka.{{Sfn|Franklin|1969}} == Aikin sojan ruwa (1722-1756) == Bart ya shiga Gardes de la Marine a shekara ta 1722.{{Sfn|Philippe-François Bart, Ecole Navale}}An kara masa girma zuwa ship-of-the-line lieutenant ( ''lieutenant de vaisseau'' ) a 1741.{{Sfn|Philippe-François Bart, Ecole Navale}}Ya zama kyaftin na jirgin ruwa ( ''capitaine de ) vaisseau'' )a kan 1 Afrilu 1748.{{Sfn|Jal|1872}}Ya kasance Laftanar de tashar jiragen ruwa a Fort Royal(Fort-de-France),Martinique a cikin 1753.{{Sfn|Philippe-François Bart, Ecole Navale}}A ranar 2 ga Yuni 1756 a Dunkirk ya auri Péronne Jeanne Elisabeth Huguet du Hallier (10 Janairu).1737 - 10 Mayu 1774).{{Sfn|Favre}} == Gwamnan Saint-Domingue (1756-1761) == {{Location map+|Haiti}} Yaƙin ruwa na 20 ga Mayu 1756 da ɗaukar Menorca ya biyo bayan sanarwar yaƙi da Faransanci na Ingilishi.{{Sfn|Bertrand|1864}}Wannan shine farkon Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai .Ba a buga ayyana yakin ba a birnin Paris har sai ranar 16 ga watan Yuni.Daga ranar 29 ga watan Yuni zuwa 5 ga watan Yuli manyan mashahuran mutane daban-daban sun isa Dunkirk don duba halin da ake ciki a can tare da tuntubar Kyaftin Philippe-François Bart, kwamandan sojojin ruwa a Dunkirk,da sauran shugabannin ma'aikata.{{Sfn|Bertrand|1864}}An nada Bart Gwamna kuma Laftanar Janar na Saint-Domingue a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1756, kuma Majalisar Le Cap ta karbe shi a ranar 14 ga Maris 1757,da Majalisar [[Port-au-Prince]] a ranar 8 ga Yuli 1757.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}}Ya maye gurbin Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}} A matsayinsa na gwamna,Bart ya ba da goyon baya na ci gaba ga Yarima Joseph de Bauffremont,wanda ya ba da umarnin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa a cikin yankunan Faransanci a Amurka.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2019}}</link>A ranar 16 ga Maris 1757 wani tawagar Faransa a karkashin Bauffremont ya ci karo da HMS ''Greenwich'' mai lamba 50 a Bay,Santo Domingo,kuma bayan kwana biyu ya kama jirgin,wanda aka kai zuwa Saint Domingue.A ranar 5 ga Yuni 1757 Bauffremont ya shiga Louisbourg tare da jiragen ruwa biyar na layin da wani jirgin ruwa daga Saint Domingue.{{Sfn|Marley|2008}}Bart da Lalanne sun lura a cikin wasiƙar 17 Nuwamba 1758 cewa buccaneers,waɗanda zasu iya zama babban albarkatu, sun ɓace a hankali tun lokacin da aka fara yaƙi.{{Sfn|Vaissière|2013}} A cikin shekaru biyu na farko na yakin,babu wani gagarumin rashi a Saint Domingue,amma yayin ''da'' turawan Ingila suka tsaurara matakan tsaro,ciki har da kwace jiragen ruwa masu tsaka-tsaki da kuma sanya shinge,Bart da Jean-Baptiste Laporte-Lalanne sun fara fargabar yunwa.Giya da gari sun yi tsada sosai a Cap François tsakanin Oktoba 1757 da Fabrairu 1758,amma sai ya zama mai araha.Kodayake farashin ya bambanta sosai,'yan kasuwa masu tsaka-tsaki da Tutar New England na jiragen ruwa na Truce sun kiyaye kayayyaki.{{Sfn|Pares|2012}}A ranar 13 ga Mayu 1761 Bart da Clugny sun ba da wata doka da ke ba da izinin kafa kasuwar kayayyaki (''bourse au commerce'' )a Le Cap.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}} A ranar 26 ga Yuli 1757 Bart da Laporte-Lalanne sun ba da wata doka da ke bayyana ingantaccen sabis na gidan waya a cikin yankin.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}} A ranar 14 [[Jean-Jacques Mithon de Senneville|ga]] Fabrairu 1759 Bart ya ba da wata doka game da zaɓi na baƙar fata don ɗaukar makami a kan maƙiyan jihar,tare da farfado da daidaita dokar da gwamna [[François-Joseph, comte de Choiseul-Beaupré|Choiseul]] da ''Mithon'' suka bayar a ranar 9 ga Satumba 1709.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}}Baƙar fata za su sami lada ta kyauta,fansho ko ma 'yanci don ayyukan da suka fi fice. {{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}}Bart da Jean-Etienne-Bernard de Clugny sun ba da wata doka a ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1761 game da rajistar sunayen ƙasa. {{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}}Bart ya rubuta a cikin 1761 cewa an baje jimlar fararen 8,000 tare da wasanni sama da 300 na bakin teku,yayin da baƙar fata kusan 200,000, bayinsu da abokan gabansu,ke kewaye da su dare da rana. Ya zama wajibi a dauki wadannan turawa 8,000 da mata da yaransu makamai.{{Sfn|Vaissière|2013}} == Shekarun ƙarshe (1761-1784) == An nada Gabriel de Bory don ya gaji Bart a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 1761, kuma Majalisar Le Cap ta karbe shi a ranar 30 ga Maris 1762.{{Sfn|Moreau de Saint-Méry|1785}}A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1764 Bart ya sami mukamin kwamandan squadron (''chef d'escadre'' ).{{Sfn|Jal|1872}}Ya yi ritaya a matsayin shugaban squadron a 1764.{{Sfn|La Landelle|1868}}A ranar 1 ga Janairu 1766 an nada shi jarumi na Order of Saint Louis .{{Sfn|Chevalier Philippe François Bart ...Three Decks}}Bart ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Maris 1784 a Paris.Ba shi da 'ya'ya.{{Sfn|La Landelle|1868}} <references /> 5kcurl8fy7ceb8bvp6ghbtotekxdxas 0 57829 547756 341424 2024-11-28T20:37:59Z Saudarh2 14842 547756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} [[File:Akarigbo_of_Remo_Palace,_Sagamu,_Ogun_state.jpg|thumb|606x606px| Akarigbo na fadar Remoland, Sagamu, jihar Ogun]] '''Akarigbo na Remoland''' sarauta ce ta babban sarkin garuruwa talatin da uku (33) da ke da masarautar Remo a [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]] a [[Najeriya]] Babban birnin masarautar [[Sagamu]] ne ko kuma Shagamu wanda aka fi sani da Ishagamu. kuma yana da goma sha uku (13) daga cikin garuruwa talatin da uku da suka hada da Masarautar Remo Garuruwa goma sha uku da suka hada da Sagamu da suka taru a wurin a shekarar 1872 don samar da tsaro :Offin (inda fadar Akarigbo take),Makun,Sonyindo, Epe,Ibido,Igbepa, Ado,Oko,Ipoji,Batoro, Ijoku,Latawa da Ijagba. Sauran ashirin (20) su ne:Ipara,Ikenne,Ogere,Okun-owa,Ilisan,Ibese,Ode Remo,Ilara,Isara,Irolu, Akaka,Ikorodu,Odogbolu,Emuren,Imota,Ijede,Gbogbo,Ikosi, da Ijesa- Ijebu. == Fage == [[File:AkarigboOfRemo.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px| Akarigbo of Remoland.]] Obas na Remo dai ya kasance tun lokacin da wani basaraken Oyo mai suna Obanta ya kafa Masarautar Ijebu da kuma zuwan [[Prince Akarigbo|Yariman Akarigbo]] yankin yammacin masarautar kusan a farkon karni na 16. Sunan da aka baiwa Obas na Remoland,Akarigbo, shine don girmama wannan basarake na farko na zuriyarsu. Asalin wurin zama na Akarigbo ya kasance a yankin Remo kusa da Offin,garuruwa biyu da ke gaba da yammacin kujerar mulkin yanzu.Da shigowar cinikin bayi a garin Dahomey da yake-yake tsakanin sarakunan [[Abeokuta]] da sarakunan Dahomey,sai ga dimbin ‘yan kabilar Yarbawa daga yankunan Abeokuta da Dahomey da ke yammacin Dahomey suka fara yin kaura zuwa gabas ta yadda ‘yan Akarigbo suka kara karfi a kan jama’a.na yankin.Wani abin da ya kara haifar da rashin zaman lafiya,sun hada da rugujewar [[masarautar Oyo]] a arewacin Ijebus da Jihadin kasar Hausa karkashin jagorancin Halifan Fulani [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman dan Fodio]].Domin yakar wadannan barazanar,Akarigbo da shugabannin kungiyoyi daban-daban sun kafa birnin Sagamu na yanzu a matsayin mafaka ga mutanen da ke gujewa fadan da ake yi a arewa da yamma. Membobin iyalai hudu masu mulki sun cancanci hawa kujerar Akarigbo,wadannan mutanen da suka fito daga hudu daga cikin ‘ya’yan Akarigbo na farko.Sarkin Remoland na yanzu shine Mai martaba Oba Babatunde Adewale Ajayi,Torungbuwa II,wanda ya hau karagar mulki a ranar 7 ga Disamba 2017 a matsayin Akarigbo na Remoland na 19. == Hoton Hotuna na fadar Akarigbo == == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen Ubangijin Remmo == Nassoshi == ld6gun2nnm7pkfdvz0csej88v5wx90j 0 57869 547596 543419 2024-11-28T17:03:43Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Flag of British Cameroons.svg|thumb|Birtaniya Kamaru]] A karkashin mulkin, mallaka, an yi [[Mulkin Sealand|mulkin]] [[Kamaru Usman|Kamaru]] ne bisa [[Tsarin mai|tsarin]] mulkin na kai tsaye [[Wando|wanda]] ya ba wa 'yan kasar damar aiwatar da,hukuncin shari'a da zartarwa. Kasar Kamaru ta Biritaniya ta yi amfani, da mulkin kai tsaye domin hakan na nufin ‘yan kasar Kamaru za su bi da son rai maimakon tilasta musu yin biyayya. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=39–47}}</ref> Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda ya ba wa 'yan ƙasar Kamaru 'yancin cin gashin kai kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa "mafi girma na cibiyoyin siyasa na cikin gida a yammacin, kasar Kamaru". <ref name=":1" /> Duk da dokar kai tsaye da aka yi amfani da ita don ƙarfafa ruhin ƴan ƙasa, ’yan Birtaniyya sun gano cewa dole ne su “gabatar da shirye-shiryen ci gaba iri-iri” domin “ba a ƙara saka hannun jama’ar wurin wajen tsarawa da aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al’umma ba.” <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=204–213}}</ref> A Kamarun Burtaniya, bakin haure na Turai suna bin dokokin kasarsu yayin da ’yan asalin Kamaru ke rike da dokar al’ada wacce akasarin hukumomin Burtaniya ke kula da su. Ana ci gaba da aiwatar da tsarin shari'a da aka kafa a lokacin mulkin mallaka, musamman,dokokin al'ada da kuma tsarin shari'a guda biyu.Yayin da shirye-shiryen ci gaban al'umma,ke ƙaruwa, an sami babban jinkiri a ƙoƙarin ilimi saboda Burtaniyar Kamaru"...ba ta da makarantar sakandare a yankin.".<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=1–18}}</ref>Ilimin sakandare ya kasance aikin ’yan mishan kamar St.Joseph College wanda aka buɗe a Sasse,Buea,a shekarar 1939.<ref name=":2" /> === 'Yanci === Yayin da kasar Faransa Kamaru ta samu ‘yancin kai,kasar Kamarun na Birtaniya har yanzu tana karkashin mulkin Najeriya. Kasar Kamaru ta samu ‘yancin kai,kamar Kamaru ko Kamaru, a ranar 1 ga watan Junairun,1960,kuma Najeriya ta shirya samun ‘yancin kai a wannan shekarar, lamarin da ya sanya ayar tambaya, kan yadda za a yi da kasar Birtaniya. A matsayinsu na ‘yan mulkin mallaka na Nijeriya,Turawan mulkin mallaka sun so a hade su biyu. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|url-status=94–98}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref> Bayan wasu tattaunawa (wanda ke gudana tun shekarar 1959),an amince da taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka gudanar a ranar 11 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1961. Yankin Arewa da ke da rinjayen Musulmi ya zabi hadewa da Najeriya,kuma yankin Kudu ya zabi ya koma Kamaru. Ba a ba da wani zaɓi don 'yancin kai na Kamaru na Burtaniya ba. <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=27–37}}</ref> Yunkurin hade gabas da kudancin Kamaru shine Ahmadou Ahidjo da jam'iyyar Kamerun National Democratic Party (KNDP)kasancewar Faransawa ba su damu ba saboda kudancin Kamaru bai dace da al'ummar Faransa da aka kafa ba. <ref name=":3" /> Bayan sake haduwa da Kamarun Faransa, 'yan Kamaru masu magana da harshen Ingilishi"kusan kashi 20% na al'ummar tarayya…<ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=1715–1722}}</ref> Arewacin Kamaru ya zama [[Sardauna (Nijeriya)|lardin Sardauna]] na [[Yankin Arewacin Najeriya|Arewacin Najeriya]] <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HCoSuJMof9EC&dq=%22northern+cameroons%22+%22sardauna+province%22&pg=PA155 ''Parties and Politics in Northern Nigeria''], Routledge, 1968, page 155</ref>a ranar 1 ga Yuni 1961,yayin da Kudancin Kamaru suka zama yammacin Kamaru, jiha ce ta [[Kamaru|Tarayyar Kamaru]],daga baya a wannan shekarar a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1961. === Sake haduwa === A lokacin sake haɗewa,tsarin ilimin Anglophone ya fara canzawa yayin da malaman harshen Faransanci suka zo tsohuwar Kamaru ta Burtaniya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link>,saboda shingen harshe,malamai za su yi magana da kasar Faransanci ko pidgin kawai wanda ya hana ci gaban ilimi na ɗalibai.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link>A cikin wannan lokacin,an fara samun fifiko da mallake harshen Faransanci yayin Ingilishi suka maye gurbinsu da takaddun Faransanci.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link> Duk da kasancewa da haɗin kai, Anglophones a Kamaru ba su jin suna da wakilci a siyasar gwamnati.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|url-status=163–183}}</ref>A cikin shekarar 1993,Taron Duk Anglophone ya yi jayayya a taron su cewa"Yarjejeniyar Foumban ta shekarar 1961...Ba a samu wakilcin mafi rinjayen masu magana da harshen Faransanci ba waɗanda a ƙarshe suka soke Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayya suka maye gurbinsa da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na bai ɗaya."..<ref name=":5" />Yarjejeniyar Foumban"ita ce tushen tsarin mulkin Tarayyar Kamaru bayan samun 'yancin kai.".<ref name=":5" /> == Gwamnoni == == Duba kuma ==   * Tambarin aikawasiku da tarihin gidan waya na Kamarun Burtaniya * Ambazoniya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Commons category-inline|British Cameroons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060925063939/http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/Chilver/Paideuma/paideuma-Introdu.html Hanyar zuwa jamhuriyar Kamaru 1959-1972] * [http://www.getingetoutandgetaway.co.uk Takaitaccen tarihin bautar kasa na wani mai yi wa kasa hidima da ya yi hidima a kasar Kamarun Burtaniya a lokacin da aka kada kuri’ar shiga da Faransa Kamaru ko Najeriya.] * [https://research.un.org/en/docs/tc/britishcameroons 'Yan Kamaru a ƙarƙashin Takardun Amincewar Gwamnatin Burtaniya - Takardun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya: Majalisar Amintattu] md48tpk7caywf05ymom4pnccvw88gu4 0 58915 547604 505746 2024-11-28T17:09:28Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Wallis location map.svg|thumb|taswirat walis]] [[Fayil:Wallis location map.svg|thumb|Tufu'one]] '''Tufu'one''' ƙauye ne a Wallis da Futuna.Tana cikin gundumar Hihifo a gabar tekun arewa maso yamma na tsibirin Wallis.Yawanta bisa ga ƙidayar shekarar 2018 mutane 167 ne. == Nassoshi == 6ljpx971sn61ofg0zw2ytsbm6w37i41 0 59746 547968 497545 2024-11-28T22:34:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547968 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Delta Tau Delta Founders House front and western side.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Entrance of the East Delta University 01.jpg|thumb|jamiar delta]] '''Jami'ar Western Delta''' is a [[Oghara]], [[Delta (jiha)|Delta State]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] . An kafa ta a cikin 2007 kuma jami'a ce mai zaman kanta . <ref>https://www.4icu.org/reviews/10785.htm</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/know-your-university-nigerias-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors/381h3pl |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-09-13 |archive-date=2020-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201031835/https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/know-your-university-nigerias-59-private-universities-locations-vice-chancellors/381h3pl |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Hukumar Kula da Jami’o’i ta Kasa ( NUC )|Hukumar kula da jami’o’i ta kasa]] NUC, Najeriya ta amince da jami’ar Western Delta WDU a hukumance. <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/western-delta-university-courses/</ref> Kungiyar Malaman Urhobo ce ta kafa Jami’ar Western Delta a karkashin kungiyar Urhobo Advancement Foundation (UAF) wadanda suka ga bukatar samun jami’a mai zaman kanta a yankin dausayi na jihar Delta a Najeriya. Tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a cikin 2007, WDU ta ba da dama ga damammaki na ilimi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://campuslead.com.ng/university/western-delta-university/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |archive-date=2022-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927180058/https://campuslead.com.ng/university/western-delta-university/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://independent.ng/western-delta-universitys-great-bequest-from-obaigbena/</ref> == Shiga == Jami'ar Western Delta na karbar dalibai ta hanyar [[JAMB]] [[Jarrabawar Shiga Manyan Makarantu|UTME]] da shiga kai tsaye zuwa kwasa-kwasai daban-daban. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don shiga Jami'ar Western Delta sune [[Babban Shaidar Ilimi|GCE]] O/Level, SSCE, NECO ko [[Hukumar Jarrabawar Kasuwanci da Fasaha ta Kasa|NABTEB]] matakin ƙimar kuɗi a cikin aƙalla darussa biyar (5) gami da [[Harshen Ingilishi a Ingila|Harshen Ingilishi]], [[Lissafi]], da [[ilmi|kimiyya]] ɗaya mai dacewa ko [[Kimiyyar zamantakewa|ilimin zamantakewa]] da aka samu a bai wuce biyu ba ( 2) zama. Ana sa ran 'yan takarar shiga kai tsaye su mallaki kyakkyawar Diploma (tare da ƙaramin ƙima), NCE (tare da mafi ƙarancin cancanta) daga cibiyoyi da aka sani KO 2 Babban matakin GCE a cikin abubuwan da suka dace. == Matsayi == Waɗannan su ne babban matsayi na duk Jami'o'in duniya. <ref>https://edurank.org/uni/western-delta-university/</ref> <ref>https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/western-delta-university</ref> '''Jami'o'in Duniya''' 12982 daga (14,131) '''Jami'o'in Afirka''' 855 daga (1,104) '''Jami'o'in Najeriya''' 148 daga cikin (157) == Gudanarwa == Prof. Augustine Ovuoronye Ikelegbe (Vice-Chancellor) <ref>{{Cite web|title=professor ikelegbe augustine Ovuoronye|url=https://wdu.edu.ng/staff/ikelegbe-augustine-ovuoronye/|access-date=2022-09-07|website=Western Delta University, Oghara|language=en-US}}</ref> Dr. Ivwighreghweta Oghenetega (Senior Librarian) Mr. Ebereghwa Paul M (Bursar) DR OMUGHELE LAWRENCE O DR ORHEVZOENE BRIGHT DR ORIAKHI MACK DR OVEH R DR UCHEGBULAM OKEZIE DR-MRS EJINKONYE I O DR-MRS ESIEBOMA JULIET O (Head of Department of Political Science and Sociology) DR-MRS IHAYERE C DR-MRS KOMOLAFE N P * MR MARTIN EYONG UBENG * Mr Peter Obi<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|first=Peter|date=Vanguard newspaper|title=|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/05/obi-fayemi-to-become-visiting-lecturers-at-western-delta-varsity/|website=Vanguard}}</ref> * Kayode Fayemi<ref name=":0"/> == Makarantu == Makarantar tana da Faculty guda hudu wadanda su ne: # Kwalejin Kimiyyar Halitta & Aiyuka # College of Social & Management Sciences . <ref>{{Cite web}}</ref> # Kwalejin Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiyar Lafiya # Kwalejin Shari'a == Sassan == Wadannan su ne kwasa-kwasan da Makarantar ke bayarwa a halin yanzu: * [[Lissafi]] & Kimiyyar Kwamfuta * [[Microbiology]] da [[Biotechnology]] * [[Lissafi]] & Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, * Basic And Industrial Chemistry, * Computer Science * Pure and Industrial Mathematics, * Physics and Energy Studies * Physics & Electronics, * Geology & Petroleum Studies * Accounting * Economics * Hotel and Tourism Management, * Business Administration, * Mass Communication * Political Science and Public Administration and Sociology * Plant Science and Microbiology, * International Relations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-09|title=List of Courses Offered by Western Delta University|url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/western-delta-university-courses/|access-date=2021-09-16|website=www.myschoolgist.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-08|title=List of All Courses Offered at Western Delta University, Cut Off Mark & Requirements|url=https://eduloaded.com/blog/western-delta-university-courses/|access-date=2022-02-13|website=Eduloaded|language=en-US}}</ref> * Medical Laboratory Science * Nursing Science * Law == Laburare == Awọn ibi-afẹde akọkọ ti ile-ikawe ni lati pese awọn orisun pataki ati awọn iṣẹ ti yoo jẹki awọn iwe-ẹkọ akọkọ ti ile-ẹkọ giga fun eto-ẹkọ, iwadii, ati ikẹkọ. Masu bincike da ɗalibai na Jami'ar suna da damar yin amfani da wallafe-wallafen bincike mara iyaka da sauran albarkatun bayanai daga mahimman bayanai da cibiyoyi a duk faɗin duniya godiya ga ayyukan bincike da aka haɓaka da dabaru, horo, da tallafi. Kamar yadda zai yiwu a cikin ɗakunan karatu na zamani a duk faɗin duniya, mun kuma gina Ma'ajin Cibiyarmu, wanda ke sa abubuwan da aka samu na WDU su kasance masu isa ga jama'a. <ref>https://wdu.edu.ng/library/main-library/</ref> == Duba kuma == .cademic libraries Nassoshi h0vg7c2jwzw7zw93e9nipiz01zs27b4 0 60371 547658 320762 2024-11-28T18:52:45Z A Salisu 14655 547658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1964) marubuciyar[[Uganda|ƙasar Uganda]] ne, <ref name="d6mwhatson">[https://d6mwhatson.wordpress.com/tag/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Stories of activism, exile and leadership"], D6M, 20 January 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> rayuwa ne kuma kocin kansa, <ref name="lifelab">[http://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522232004/https://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ |date=2022-05-22 }} at LifeLab. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> tana zaune a [[Cape Town]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref name="theeastafrican">Gaaki Kigambo, [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/A-family-s-struggle-building-a-nation--/434746-3909852-tmitgp/index.html "Flame and Song: A family’s struggle building a nation"], theeastafrican.co.ke, 1 May 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.</ref> Ta yi magana a TEDxTableMountain da TEDxPrinceAlbert a cikin 2012. An buga tarihinta, ''Flame and Song'', a cikin 2016. <ref name="nation">Tom Odhiambo, [http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/weekend/An-African-elegy-of-the-nations-we-never-built/1220-3468764-format-xhtml-plqdllz/index.html "An African elegy of the nations we never built"], ''The Nation'', 29 November 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> == Yarantaka da Ilimi == An haifi Philippa a [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]], a cikin 1964. Ita ce ƙaramar mawaƙiyar Uganda Christopher Henry Muwanga Barlow da Fayce Lois Watsemwa Barlow (née Kutosi). <ref name="badilishapoetry">[http://badilishapoetry.com/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] at Badilisha Poetry X-change. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> Ta yi makarantar firamarenta Nakasero, sannan ta yi makarantar sakandare ta Gayaza. Iyalanta sun bar Uganda da zama a Habasha lokacin da aka kashe Archbishop Luwum. Daga nan ta shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kenya inda ta yi matakan "O" da "A" Ta shiga Jami'ar Makerere kuma ta yi shekara guda a matsayin daliba na lokaci-lokaci a sashen Kiɗa, Rawa da Wasan kwaikwayo. A 1984 ta shiga Jami'ar Kenyatta don yin Digiri a Ilimi. Ta sauke karatu a 1987 tare da B.ED Hons a cikin Kiɗa da Adabi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link> [[Category:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 7di1ux2moqm1lpdv21cw203ey3gqypb 547659 547658 2024-11-28T18:53:00Z A Salisu 14655 547659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1964) marubuciyar[[Uganda|ƙasar Uganda]] ne, <ref name="d6mwhatson">[https://d6mwhatson.wordpress.com/tag/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Stories of activism, exile and leadership"], D6M, 20 January 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> rayuwa ne kuma kocin kansa, <ref name="lifelab">[http://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522232004/https://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ |date=2022-05-22 }} at LifeLab. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> tana zaune a [[Cape Town]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref name="theeastafrican">Gaaki Kigambo, [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/A-family-s-struggle-building-a-nation--/434746-3909852-tmitgp/index.html "Flame and Song: A family’s struggle building a nation"], theeastafrican.co.ke, 1 May 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.</ref> Ta yi magana a TEDxTableMountain da TEDxPrinceAlbert a cikin 2012. An buga tarihinta, ''Flame and Song'', a cikin 2016. <ref name="nation">Tom Odhiambo, [http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/weekend/An-African-elegy-of-the-nations-we-never-built/1220-3468764-format-xhtml-plqdllz/index.html "An African elegy of the nations we never built"], ''The Nation'', 29 November 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> == Yarantaka da Ilimi == An haifi Philippa a [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]], a cikin shekarar 1964. Ita ce ƙaramar mawaƙiyar Uganda Christopher Henry Muwanga Barlow da Fayce Lois Watsemwa Barlow (née Kutosi). <ref name="badilishapoetry">[http://badilishapoetry.com/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] at Badilisha Poetry X-change. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> Ta yi makarantar firamarenta Nakasero, sannan ta yi makarantar sakandare ta Gayaza. Iyalanta sun bar Uganda da zama a Habasha lokacin da aka kashe Archbishop Luwum. Daga nan ta shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kenya inda ta yi matakan "O" da "A" Ta shiga Jami'ar Makerere kuma ta yi shekara guda a matsayin daliba na lokaci-lokaci a sashen Kiɗa, Rawa da Wasan kwaikwayo. A 1984 ta shiga Jami'ar Kenyatta don yin Digiri a Ilimi. Ta sauke karatu a 1987 tare da B.ED Hons a cikin Kiɗa da Adabi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link> [[Category:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 1unns3got2w6v2etwjposgncn1bq4a5 547660 547659 2024-11-28T18:53:22Z A Salisu 14655 547660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1964) marubuciyar[[Uganda|ƙasar Uganda]] ne, <ref name="d6mwhatson">[https://d6mwhatson.wordpress.com/tag/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Stories of activism, exile and leadership"], D6M, 20 January 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> rayuwa ne kuma kocin kansa, <ref name="lifelab">[http://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522232004/https://lifelab.biz/project/phillipa/ |date=2022-05-22 }} at LifeLab. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> tana zaune a [[Cape Town]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. <ref name="theeastafrican">Gaaki Kigambo, [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/A-family-s-struggle-building-a-nation--/434746-3909852-tmitgp/index.html "Flame and Song: A family’s struggle building a nation"], theeastafrican.co.ke, 1 May 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.</ref> Ta yi magana a TEDxTableMountain da TEDxPrinceAlbert a cikin 2012. An buga tarihinta, ''Flame and Song'', a cikin 2016. <ref name="nation">Tom Odhiambo, [http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/weekend/An-African-elegy-of-the-nations-we-never-built/1220-3468764-format-xhtml-plqdllz/index.html "An African elegy of the nations we never built"], ''The Nation'', 29 November 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> == Yarantaka da Ilimi == An haifi Philippa a [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]], a cikin shekarar 1964. Ita ce ƙaramar mawaƙiyar Uganda Christopher Henry Muwanga Barlow da Fayce Lois Watsemwa Barlow (née Kutosi). <ref name="badilishapoetry">[http://badilishapoetry.com/philippa-namutebi-kabali-kagwa/ "Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa"] at Badilisha Poetry X-change. Retrieved 2 March 2017.</ref> Ta yi makarantar firamarenta Nakasero, sannan ta yi makarantar sakandare ta Gayaza. Iyalanta sun bar Uganda da zama a Habasha lokacin da aka kashe Archbishop Luwum. Daga nan ta shiga Makarantar Sakandare ta Kenya inda ta yi matakan "O" da "A" Ta shiga Jami'ar Makerere kuma ta yi shekara guda a matsayin daliba na lokaci-lokaci a sashen Kiɗa, Rawa da Wasan kwaikwayo. A shekarar 1984 ta shiga Jami'ar Kenyatta don yin Digiri a Ilimi. Ta sauke karatu a 1987 tare da B.ED Hons a cikin Kiɗa da Adabi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}</link> [[Category:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] c02ymob4x1c3sy3jm55grdu1bhyhffb 0 61105 548298 529646 2024-11-29T11:21:45Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 548298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Hanmer River 072.JPG|thumb|Kogin Hanmer]] [[Fayil:Hanmer Basin.png|thumb|banyar login basin]] '''Kogin Hanmer kogi''' ne dakecikin gundumar Hurunui wanda yake yankin ƙasar New Zealand. Ya samo asali ne daga [[Hossack Saddle|Sirdin Hossack]] tsakanin [[Hanmer Range]] da [[Amuri Range]], kuma yana gudana kudu maso yamma zuwa cikin kogin Waiau Uwha kimanin {{Convert|8|km}} kudu maso yamma na Hanmer Springs. == Duba kuma == * Jerin koguna na New Zealand {{Reflist}} ==Manazarta== [https://web.archive.org/web/20081014041929/http://www.linz.govt.nz/placenames/search/index.aspx Bayanin Ƙasa New Zealand] - Nemi Sunayen Wuri [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 14zw3cfje35rto209tvnkftdgna0tk3 0 61323 548062 498181 2024-11-29T02:37:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Niyi Akinmolayan.ogg|thumb]] '''Niyi Akinmolayan''' ɗan fim ne na Najeriya kuma darakta,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 June 2022 |title=Movie director, Akinmolayan wants marketing firms to take on Nollywood films |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/06/movie-director-niyi-akinmolayan-wants-nollywood-films-into-business/ |access-date=20 July 2022 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> haka-zalika ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jaruman [[Nollywood]]. Fina-finansa biyar sun yi fice a cikin manyan [[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya da suka fi kawo kudi|fina-finan Najeriya 50 da suka fi samun kudin shiga]]: ''The Wedding Party 2'' (2017) ''Chief Daddy'' (2018), ''Prophetess'' (2021), ''My Village People'' (2021), da ''The Set Up'' (2019). Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa kuma Daraktan Creative Anthill Studios, cibiyar samar da kafofin watsa labaru. A cikin watan Janairu 2022, Anthhill Studios ya rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta shekaru da yawa tare da Amazon Prime Video don zama keɓantaccen gida mai yawo a duniya don sakin fina-finai na Anthill bayan wasannin wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grater |first=Tom |date=2022-01-07 |title=Amazon Prime Video Inks Licensing Deal With Nigerian Production Company Anthill Studios |url=https://deadline.com/2022/01/amazon-licensing-deal-nigerian-production-company-anthill-studios-1234905306/ |access-date=2022-10-16 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Akinmolayan ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Entrepreneurs.ng |date=23 February 2020 |title=Niyi Akinmolayan - Biography, Awards And Early Career Of A Cineaste |url= |website=Entrepreneurs |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ya fito daga [[Ondo (jiha)|jihar Ondo]] dake kudu maso yammacin Najeriya kuma dan [[Yarbawa|kabilar yarbawa]] ne. Ya fara karatun injiniyanci a [[Yaba College of Technology|Kwalejin Fasaha ta Yaba]].<ref name="Guardian"/> == Farkon aiki == A farkon aikinsa na ƙwararre, Akinmolayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zanen hoto, mai tsara gidan yanar gizo, da kuma koyo ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. A lokacin, ya fara inganta kwarewarsa a cikin gyaran bidiyo, katon.<ref name="Guardian">{{Cite news |last=Anazia |first=Daniel |date=19 March 2016 |title=From kajola to make a move, Akinmolayan breathes out of luck |language=en-US |work=Guardian Newspaper Nigeria |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/from-kajola-to-make-a-move-akinmolayan-breathes-out-of-luck/ |access-date=14 April 2018 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518054959/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/from-kajola-to-make-a-move-akinmolayan-breathes-out-of-luck/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna ''Kajola'', wanda aka saki a cikin 2010, gwaji ne,<ref name="BellaNaija">{{Cite news |last=Pedro |first=Uche |date=29 June 2010 |title=So 2059! Nigerian Cinema goes Sci-Fi as futuristic movie KAJOLA gets set to premiere in July |language=en-US |work=BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2010/06/so-2059-nigerian-cinema-goes-sci-fi-as-futuristic-movie-kajola-gets-set-to-premiere-in-july/ |access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> amma masu shirya fina-finai da masu suka sun burge shi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Alero |first=Otuama |date=8 August 2010 |title=Cinemas pull the plug on Kajola |language=en-US |work=Nigeriang.com |url=http://nigeriang.com/entertainment/cinemas-pull-the-plug-on-kajola/3384/ |access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> Akinmolayan ya kafa kamfaninsa na, Anthill Productions, a cikin 2008, wanda ya ba da tasirin gani na fim din ''Kajola''.<ref name="BellaNaija"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ekechukwu |first=Ferdinand |date=3 April 2021 |title=Niyi Akinmolayan's Mighty Prophetess |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/04/03/niyi-akinmolayans-mighty-prophetess/ |access-date=4 April 2021 |website=[[This Day]] |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bayan nan == A cikin 2014, ya ba da umarni na fim ɗin rawa na Najeriya ''Make a Move'' wanda ya fito da [[Ivie Okujaye]], [[Tina Mba]], [[Beverly Naya]], Wale Adebayo, Victor Godfery, Helga Sosthenes da Eno Ekpenyong. An zabi fim din don Kyautar Kyautar Masu Kallon Kayayyakin Fim na 2015 don ''Mafi kyawun Fim (Drama)''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dstv.com/News/AMVCA-winners-announced/126405 |title=AMVCA winners announced |accessdate=15 April 2018 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417012639/http://www.dstv.com/News/AMVCA-winners-announced/126405 |archivedate=17 April 2015 }}</ref> A cikin 2015, Akinmolayan kuma ya jagoranci fina-finan ''Falling''' tare da Adesua Etomi, [[Desmond Elliot]] da Blossom Chukwujekwu, da [[Out of Luck (2015 fim)|''Out of Luck'']] wanda ya nuna [[Linda Ejiofor]], [[Tope Tedela]] da [[Jide Kosoko]]. Fim ɗin ya ci gaba da samun kyautar Akinmolayan a matsayin ''mafi kyawun darakta'' a lambar yabo ta 2016 Nigeria Entertainment Awards, kuma fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Adesua Etomi ta lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo'' a 2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards. A watan Disambar 2016, Akinmolayan ya fitar da wani gajeren fim mai suna ''PlayThing'', fim din 3D animated, wanda aka fara haska shi a gidan sinima na FilmOne IMAX da ke Legas, don yin tsokaci.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Orubo |first=Daniel |date=4 April 2017 |title=Watch 'Plaything' – The Best Animated Nigerian Film We've Ever Seen |language=en-US |work=Konibi |url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/watch-wonderfully-animated-short-film-plaything/ |access-date=23 April 2018 |archive-date=24 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424071558/http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/watch-wonderfully-animated-short-film-plaything/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2017, an nuna fim ɗinsa ''The Arbitration'' da jarumi [[OC Ukeje]] ya fito tare da Adesua Etomi a bikin Fina-Finai na Duniya a Toronto.<ref name="Kobini">{{Cite news |last=Kaura |first=Istifanus |date=11 November 2017 |title=These Nigerian Directors Are Winning At The Film Africa Festival |language=en-US |work=Konibi |url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/4-nigerian-directors-winning-at-the-film-africa-festival/ |access-date=14 April 2018 |archive-date=28 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428093606/http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/4-nigerian-directors-winning-at-the-film-africa-festival/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan nasarar da fim din ya samu, Akinmolayan ya fara gasa a shafinsa na masu son rubutawa, inda ya karbi rubuce-rubuce sama da 300, wanda ya kai ga fitar da gajeren fim din ''Room 315''.<ref name="channels">{{Cite news |last=Orubo |first=Daniel |date=11 March 2016 |title=Lights, Camera, Action: Niyi Akinmolayan On Set For 'Room 315' |language=en-US |work=Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2016/11/03/lights-camera-action-niyi-akinmolayan-set-room-315/ |access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> A cikin 2017, saboda nasarar liyafar ''Plaything'', Akinmolayan ya samar da wani shiri mai dogon zango tare da haɗin gwiwar Friesland Campina WAMCO Nigeria Plc, mai suna Adventures of ''Lola and Chuchu''.<ref name="chuchu">{{Cite news |last=Izuzu |first=Chimduga |date=30 September 2017 |title=Watch episode 1 of Nigerian animated series |language=en-US |work=PulseNG |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/episode-1of-animated-series-adventures-of-lola-and-chuchu-id7398326.html |access-date=23 April 2018 |archive-date=24 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424071735/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/episode-1of-animated-series-adventures-of-lola-and-chuchu-id7398326.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2019, Akinmolayan ya fito da ''Malika: Warrior Queen'', wani fim ɗin raye-raye na Najeriya wanda ya dogara da littafin labari mai hoto daga Roye Okupe, marubuci kuma Shugaba na YouNeek Studios.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2019 |title=Adesua Ewatomi As Warrior Queen In Animated Movie: Malika |url=https://guardian.ng/life/adesua-etomi-as-warrior-queen-in-animated-movie-malika/ |access-date=19 May 2022 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=19 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519185232/https://guardian.ng/life/adesua-etomi-as-warrior-queen-in-animated-movie-malika/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Fina-finai == '''Fina-finan da aka zaɓa''' {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shekara !! Suna !! Major cast !! Matsayi !! Bayani |- | 2010 ||''Kajola''||[[Keira Hewatch]], [[Desmond Elliot]], Adonijah Owiriwa || Director || Feature film |- | 2014 ||''[[Make a Move (film)|Make a Move]]''||[[Ivie Okujaye]], [[Tina Mba]], [[Beverly Naya]], [[Wale Adebayo]], Victor Godfery, Helga Sosthenes and Eno Ekpenyong || Director || Feature film nominated for the [[2015 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] for Best Movie (Drama) |- | 2015 ||''[[Falling (2015 film)|Falling]]''||[[Adesua Etomi]], [[Desmond Elliot]] and [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]]|| Director || Feature Film |- | 2016 ||''Plaything''|| || Executive producer || 3D animated short film |- | 2017 ||''[[The Arbitration]]''||[[OC Ukeje]], [[Adesua Etomi]], [[Iretiola Doyle]] and [[Somkele Iyamah]]|| Director || Feature film, available on [[Netflix]] |- | 2017 ||''[[The Wedding Party 2]]''||[[Banky Wellington]], [[Adesua Etomi]], Iretiola Doyle, [[Richard Mofe-Damijo]], [[Patience Ozokwor]], [[Enyinna Nwigwe]]|| Director || Feature film |- | 2017 ||''Adventures of Lola and Chuchu''|| || Director || 3D animated series - 13 episodes |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 ||''[[Chief Daddy]]''||[[Taiwo Obileye]], [[Joke Silva]], [[Rachel Oniga]] and [[Funke Akindele]]|| Director || Feature film |- |''[[We Don't Live Here Anymore (2018 film)|We Don't Live Here Anymore]]'' |[[Osas Ighodaro]], [[Omotunde Adebowale David]], Francis Sule, Temidayo Akinboro, Funlola Aofiyebi, Katherine Obiang |Editor | |- | 2019 ||''[[The Set Up (2019 film)|The Set Up]]''||[[Adesua Etomi]], [[Kehinde Bankole]], [[Joke Silva]], [[Jim Iyke]], [[Dakore Egbuson]], [[Tina Mba]]|| Director || Feature film |- | 2019 ||''[[Elevator Baby]]''||[[Toyin Abraham]], [[Timini Egbuson]], [[Yemi Solade]], [[Sambasa Nzeribe]], [[Broda Shaggi]]|| Executive producer || Feature film |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |''[[Prophetess (film)|Prophetess]]''<ref name=":0" /> |[[Toyin Abraham]], [[Kehinde Bankole]], [[Stan Nze]], Waliu Fagbemi, [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] |Director Writer | |- |''[[Progressive Tailors Club]]'' |[[Beverly Osu]], [[Uzor Arukwe]], Funnybone, and Blessing Jessica Obasi |Producer | |- | |''[[Chief Daddy 2: Going for Broke]]'' | |Producer | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] cujfh6fx865jxfpmrv703lwdl3qcy9x 0 62294 548074 513665 2024-11-29T03:38:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Paul Igwe, Nigerian filmmaker.jpg|thumb|Paul Igwe]] '''Paul Igwe''' ⓘ (an haifeshi ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1977) darektan gidan talabijin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] ne, [[marubuci]], furodusa, kuma mai ƙirƙira, haka-zalika Shugaba na kamfanin (''Whitestone Cinema Limited''). Ya shirya shararren shiri mai suna [[Soap (TV series)]] kamar "Clinic Matters", "The Benjamins", "Ojays", da "Asunder".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/emcoan-plans-ceo-training-end-year-gig/|title=EMCOAN plans CEO training and end of year gig – The Nation Nigeria|date=8 November 2017|work=The Nation Nigeria|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekara ta 2000, Paul Igwe ya kafa kamfaninsa na shirya fina-finai, Whitestone Cinema Limited kuma ya ba da umarni fiye da fina-finai 20 da shirin talabijin masu dogon zango ƙwara 8. Aikin sa na farko a sabgar a shekara ta 2000 shi ne a matsayin darekta a wani fim mai suna; "Outrageous" da kuma a 2007; yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙusoshin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo na Talabijin masu dogon zango kashi-(episodes) 39, "Extended Family",<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vibe.ng/5-nigerian-tv-shows-past-deserve-remake/|title=5 Nigerian TV Shows From the Past That Deserve A Remake|last=Michael|first=John|date=21 May 2017|work=vibe.ng|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref> ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta kuma mai gabatarwa. Ya fara sitcom na gidan talabijin nasa "Clinic Matters" a cikin 2009, shirin da suka sami lambobin yabo a cikin gida Nijeriya da kasashen duniya ciki har da babbar lambar yabo a shekarar 2012 ta Kyautar Kyauta ta Duniya a [[Paris]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.modernghana.com/movie/13624/clinic-matters-whats-gwan.html|title=Clinic Matters: What's gwan?|work=Modern Ghana|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ugowrite.blogspot.com/2012/10/producer-of-popular-sitcom-clinic.html|title=MUST READ!: Producer Of Popular Sitcom, "Clinic Matters" Honoured In Paris|last=Editor|date=30 October 2012|website=MUST READ!|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2013/12/nigerians-share-top-10-tv-shows-in-2013/|title=Nigerians Share: Top 10 TV Shows in 2013 • Connect Nigeria|website=connectnigeria.com|language=en-GB|access-date=12 September 2018|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204505/https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2013/12/nigerians-share-top-10-tv-shows-in-2013/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2012, ya shirya shirye-shiryensa masu dogon zango na talabijin karo na biyu "The Benjamins" wanda aka zaba a 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards for Best Television Series Comedy/Drama.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2014/03/09/movie-awards-all-the-winners-of-the-amvca/|title=Movie awards: All the winners of the AMVCA – PM NEWS Nigeria|date=9 March 2014|work=PM NEWS Nigeria|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/156457-nairobi-half-life-contract-flower-girl-win-big-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards.html|title=Nairobi Half-life, The Contract, Flower Girl win big at Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards – Premium Times Nigeria|date=10 March 2014|work=Premium Times Nigeria|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.naija.ng/61313.html#40596|title=Funke Akindele, Rita Dominic, Yvonne Okoro Win Big At 2014 AMVCA|last=Ejiofor|first=Clement|date=9 March 2014|work=Naija.ng – Nigeria news.|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2015, ya fara sabon sitcom na iyali "Ojays" wanda aka zaɓa don kyautar mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo a kyautar [[Nollywood and African Film Critics Awards|Nafca Awards]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nafca-2015-black-november-30-days-in-atlanta-oloibiri-lead-nominees-list-id3932115.html|title=NAFCA 2015: "Black November," "30 Days in Atlanta," "Oloibiri" lead nominees list|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204258/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nafca-2015-black-november-30-days-in-atlanta-oloibiri-lead-nominees-list-id3932115.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Har ila yau Paul ya fara wani shiri culinary a cikin [[Harshen Ibo|harshen Igbo]] mai suna "USEKWU IGBO" wanda ke nufin 'Igbo Kitchen'. Shirin ya lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Fina-Finai/TV Series a 2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards da aka gudanar a [[Eko Hotels and Suites|Eko Hotel and Suites]], [[Victoria Island, Lagos]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2016/03/check-out-full-list-of-winners-at-2016.html|title=Check out the full list of winners at 2016 AMVCA|website=Linda Ikeji's Blog|language=en-GB|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amvca-2016-dry-adesua-etomi-daniel-k-daniel-win-big-full-list-of-winners-id4751815.html|title=AMVCA 2016: "Dry," Adesua Etomi, Daniel K Daniel win big [full list of winners]|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204424/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amvca-2016-dry-adesua-etomi-daniel-k-daniel-win-big-full-list-of-winners-id4751815.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.naija.ng/754209-check-full-list-winners-amvca-2016.html#754209|title=Check out the full list of winners at the AMVCA 2016|last=Igwe|first=H.|date=6 March 2016|work=Naija.ng – Nigeria news.|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/news/amvca-2016-full-winners-list|title=AMVCA 2016: Full winners list|website=Africa Magic Official Website – AMVCA 2016: Full winners list|language=en|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/03/617370/|title=AMVCA 2016 : See list of winners – Vanguard News|date=5 March 2016|work=Vanguard News|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2016, Bulus ya fara wani sitcom na iyali wanda ake kira "House 6"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/channel/africa-magic-igbo|title=Africa Magic IGBO|website=Africa Magic Official Website – Africa Magic IGBO|language=en|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> sannan wani Family sitcom, "Troubled Cottage".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kwese.com/ListingPopUpPage/6983681?width=480|title=Kwesé|website=www.kwese.com|language=en|access-date=12 September 2018|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204448/https://www.kwese.com/ListingPopUpPage/6983681?width=480|url-status=dead}}</ref> Paul Igwe ya kuma ƙaddamar da shirin wasan kwaikwayo na nazari mai suna "Asunder", daga baya a shekarar, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan rayuwar aure na iyalai daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/art/african-movie-channel-set-to-launch-asunder/|title=African Movie Channel set to launch Asunder|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204616/https://guardian.ng/art/african-movie-channel-set-to-launch-asunder/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/12/benita-nzeribe-lilian-esoro-nonso-odogwu-maureen-okpoko-tessy-oragwa-attend-the-official-launch-of-amc-first-tv-series-asunder/|title=Benita Nzeribe, Lilian Esoro, Nonso Odogwu, Maureen Okpoko, Tessy Oragwa attend the Official Launch of African Movie Channel's First TV Series – Asunder – BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2016/12/benita-nzeribe-lilian-esoro-teju-babyface-attend-official-launch-asunder-tv-series.html|title=Benita Nzeribe, Lilian Esoro, Teju Babyface Attend the Official Launch of Asunder TV Series – INFORMATION NIGERIA|date=16 December 2016|work=INFORMATION NIGERIA|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/12/asunder-tv-series-premieres-lagos/|title=Asunder TV series premieres in Lagos – Vanguard News|date=29 December 2016|work=Vanguard News|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/asunder-new-tv-series-to-premiere-in-january-id5831522.html|title="Asunder": New TV series to premiere in January|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204323/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/asunder-new-tv-series-to-premiere-in-january-id5831522.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africanmoviechannel.tv/story/official-launch-african-movie-channel%E2%80%99s-first-tv-series-%E2%80%93-asunder|title=Official Launch of African Movie Channel's First TV Series – Asunder {{!}} African Movie Channel|website=www.africanmoviechannel.tv|language=en|access-date=12 September 2018|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204641/http://www.africanmoviechannel.tv/story/official-launch-african-movie-channel%E2%80%99s-first-tv-series-%E2%80%93-asunder|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ya sake fitar da wani wasan Igbo opera soap mai suna "Nkewa" da ake haska shirin a dandalin Africa Magic Igbo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/channel/africa-magic-igbo|title=Africa Magic IGBO|website=Africa Magic Official Website – Africa Magic IGBO|language=en|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da umarni a shirin "Dance To My Beat", tare da [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]], [[Kehinde Bankole]], [[Toyin Abraham]], da [[Mary Njoku|Mary Remmy Njoku]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Bamidele|first=Bose|title=Joseph Benjamin, Kehinde Bankole, Mary Njoku, Toyin Abraham&nbsp;& more, star in Mary Lazarus' Movie Debut as a Producer&nbsp;"Dance To My Beat"&nbsp; – Goldmyne.TV|url=https://goldmyne.tv/entertainment/joseph-benjamin-kehinde-bankole-mary-njoku-toyin-abraham-star-mary-lazarus-movie-debut-producer-dance-beat/|language=en-US|access-date=12 September 2018|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204727/https://goldmyne.tv/entertainment/joseph-benjamin-kehinde-bankole-mary-njoku-toyin-abraham-star-mary-lazarus-movie-debut-producer-dance-beat/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2018/07/dance-to-my-beat.html|title=Dance To My Beat {{!}} Nollywood REinvented|date=31 July 2018|work=Nollywood REinvented|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/dance-to-my-beat-see-cast-of-movie-in-christmas-photo-shoot-id5927506.html|title="Dance to My Beat": See cast of movie in Christmas photo shoot|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=12 September 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=12 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912204554/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/dance-to-my-beat-see-cast-of-movie-in-christmas-photo-shoot-id5927506.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-dance-to-my-beat-is-a-shameless-cash-grab-but-you-will-laugh/|title=Film Review: Dance To My Beat is a shameless cash grab. But you will laugh » YNaija|website=ynaija.com|language=en-GB|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim |- |2000 |''Outrageous'' |- |2007 |''Extended Family'' |- |2009 |''Clinic Matters'' |- |2012 |''The Benjamins'' |- |2015 |''OJAYS'' |- |2015 |''PULSE'' |- |2015 |''USEKWU IGBO'' |- |2016 |''House 6'' |- |2016 |''Ulo Isii'' |- |2016 |''Troubled Cottage'' |- |2016 |''Asunder'' |- |2017 |''Nkewa'' |- |2017 |''Dance To My Beat'' |} == Duba kuma == * [[List of Nigerian film producers]] ==Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2277906}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] imb2trhikjpqw5y4h5d1tk3soz0e9hk 0 62389 548073 526168 2024-11-29T03:31:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Patience Oghre Imobhio''' ƴar Najeriya ce kuma daraktar fina-finai da talabijin, haka-zalika ƴar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a [[Jami'ar Jos]] a fannin Theater Arts, ta shahara wajen shirya fina-finai irin su ''Dominos'', ''Spider'' da ''Household'', da shirye-shiryen TV irin su ''Dear Mother'' da ''Everyday People''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1968451/|title=Patience Oghre|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/1029/patience-oghre-imobhio|title=Patience Oghre-Imobhio : Biography &#124; Filmography &#124; Awards - Flixanda|access-date=2023-11-08|archive-date=2022-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317141639/https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/1029/patience-oghre-imobhio|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekarar 2015 Mujallar ''Pulse'' ta bayyana ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Daraktocin fina-finan Najeriya mata 9 da ya kamata ku sani" a masana'antar fina-finan [[Nollywood]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|title=9 Nigerian female movie directors you should know|date=5 October 2015|publisher=Pulse|accessdate=20 September 2016|archive-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820184056/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/nollywood-9-nigerian-female-movie-directors-you-should-know-id4231520.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ta karanci Theatre Arts a [[Jami'ar Jos]]. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.naijanewspapers.com.ng/patience-oghre-imobhio-my-life-behind-the-camera-43930.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-11-08 |archive-date=2023-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108045454/https://www.naijanewspapers.com.ng/patience-oghre-imobhio-my-life-behind-the-camera-43930.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta auri Osezua Stephen-Imobhio.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/husband-not-propose-patience-oghre/|title = My husband did not propose to me — Patience Oghre|date = 10 July 2016}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ta fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekarar 1995 amma ta yanke shawarar cewa ta fi sha'awar jagorantar fina-finai. Bayan ta kammala Jami’ar Jos ta koma Legas ta shiga harkar Zeb Ejiro. Imohbio ta shahara wajen bada umarni kamar a shirin fim da ta bayar da umarni da suka haɗa da; Dominos, Spider and Household, da shirye-shiryen TV kamar Dear Mother da Everyday People.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/patience-oghre-imobhio-my-life-behind-the-camera/|title = Patience Oghre Imobhio: My life behind the camera|date = 18 April 2020}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] spot1mutykm1dd92hpry8pj8fb1lzre 3 64363 548239 423803 2024-11-29T10:37:16Z J ansari 7161 J ansari moved page [[Tattaunawar user:M S Hassan]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Media Mender]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/M S Hassan|M S Hassan]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Media Mender|Media Mender]]" 342369 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Someonewhoisusinginternet! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Someonewhoisusinginternet|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 9 Disamba 2023 (UTC) 172fuii4t6qe9hy9043w23k8m51241e 0 65786 547742 460509 2024-11-28T20:22:30Z Saudarh2 14842 547742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:River Patigi 02.jpg|thumb]] A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin shekarar 2023, wani jirgin ruwa ya kife ya rabu biyu a [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Neja]] kusa da [[Pategi]], [[Ȯra Kwara|jihar Kwara]], [[Najeriya]]. Jirgin na dauke da masu halartar wani daurin aure, wadanda suka zo da farko a kan babura, amma sun makale saboda ruwan sama. Akalla mutane 108 ne aka tabbatar sun mutu. Mutane da yawa sun ɓace.<ref name="USA Today">{{Cite news |last=Neysa Alund |first=Natalie |date=15 June 2023 |title=At least 106 dead, 144 rescued, dozens still missing after boat capsizes in Nigeria |language=en-US |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2023/06/15/nigeria-wedding-boat-capsizes/70325366007/ |access-date=15 June 2023}}</ref> == Fage == A ranar 11 ga watan Yuni, an yi daurin aure a kauyen Egboti (wanda aka fi sani da Egbu) a Pategi, jihar Kwara, Najeriya. Yawancin wadanda suka halarci taron dangi ne na sabbin ma'auratan daga wasu kauyuka biyar <ref name="Reuters" /> - Ebu, Gakpan, Kpada, Kuchalu, da Sampi. Har dare suka yi biki. Sun isa wurin daurin auren ne a kan babura, amma sai aka tilasta musu komawa kan wani jirgin ruwan katako da ke gabar [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Neja]], bayan ruwan sama mai karfi da ya yi sanadin ambaliya a hanyar da ta fito daga wajen daurin auren.<ref name="Reuters">{{Cite news |date=13 June 2023 |title=Nigeria boat accident kills 50 people, several missing |language=en |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigeria-boat-accident-kills-50-people-several-missing-2023-06-13/ |access-date=17 June 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Punch" /><ref name="WaPo">{{Cite news |last=Asadu |first=Chinedu |date=13 June 2023 |title=At least 103 wedding guests killed when boat capsizes in northern Nigeria |language=en-US |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/06/13/nigeria-boat-accident-kwara/2adce962-09fe-11ee-8132-a84600f3bb9b_story.html |access-date=14 June 2023 |issn=0190-8286 |url-access=limited}}</ref> A cewar [[CNN]] da Al Jazeera, ana yawan samun hadurran jiragen ruwa a kogunan Najeriya. Dokokin aminci na lax, rashin rigunan rai, lodi fiye da kima, da rashin kula da jirgin ruwa yakan haifar da bala'in kwale-kwale. Duk da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa da dare haramun ne a kasar, amma ba kasafai ake aiwatar da dokar ba. 'Yan Najeriya kan dogara ne kan safarar jiragen ruwa a matsayin hanyar kewaya hanyoyin kasar da ba su da kyau, musamman a lokacin damina . Da yawa kuma sun gwammace yin tafiya a cikin jirgin ruwa don rage haɗarin yin garkuwa da gungun masu ɗauke da makamai a kan hanyoyin ƙasar. A cikin 2021, Najeriya ta fuskanci manyan hadurran jiragen ruwa guda biyu, daya a watan Mayu da wani jirgin ruwa da ke dauke da fasinjoji 160 wanda a karshe ya yi sanadin mutuwar a kalla 98, da kuma [[Hatsarin Kwale-kwale a Bagwai|wani a watan Nuwamba]] wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 76. Hatsarin jiragen ruwa na karuwa a [[Ƙasa, yanki|kasar]] a shekarun baya-bayan nan. == Lamarin == <mapframe latitude="8.747583065003555" longitude="5.78480153156314" zoom="5" width="265" height="200" text="Approximate location where the boat capsized on the Niger River"> [ { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q3542", "properties": { "stroke": "#1e41b3", "stroke-width": 5, "title": "[[Niger River]]" } }, { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q1033", "properties": { "stroke-width": 0, "fill-opacity": 0.1, "title": "[[Nigeria]]" } }, { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q464953", "properties": { "stroke-width": 0, "fill-opacity": 0.2, "title": "[[Kwara State]]" } }, { "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-symbol": "ferry", "marker-color": "db0000", "marker-size": "medium", "title": "Approximate location where the boat capsized" }, "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 5.78480153156314, 8.747583065003555 ] } } ] </mapframe>Kimanin mutane 270 ne suka shiga cikin kwale-kwalen, wanda ya zarce karfinsa na mutane 100.<ref name="AP">{{Cite news |date=13 June 2023 |title=About 100 wedding guests feared dead as boat capsizes in northern Nigeria |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |agency=[[The Associated Press]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jun/13/about-100-wedding-guests-feared-dead-as-boat-capsizes-in-northern-nigeria |access-date=14 June 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Haka kuma an yi lodin babura a cikin jirgin. Babu tabbas ko dukkan fasinjojin suna halartar daurin auren. Shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na Pategi, Alhaji Mohammed Ibrahim Liman ya bayyana cewa mutanen kauyensu na Ebu sun nufi wani daurin aure a Gboti. Da sanyin safiyar ranar 12 ga watan Yuni, tsakanin karfe 3 zuwa 4 na safe ( WAT ), igiyoyin ruwa masu tsananin gaske ne suka mamaye kwale-kwalen kuma ya yi karo da reshen bishiyar da ke boye a cikin ruwan kogin Neja, lamarin da ya raba jirgin gida biyu. Girman ruwan ya kwashe fasinjoji. Dukkanin wadanda abin ya shafa ‘yan uwan angon ne. Sakamakon lamarin da ya afku da sanyin safiya, an yi sa'o'i da yawa kafin jama'ar yankin su farga. Yayin da fasinjojin suka nutse, sai mutanen kauyen da ke kusa da su suka garzaya zuwa kogin don ceto su; sun ceci mutane kusan 50 da farko. A ranar 13 ga Yuni, an ceto mutane 100. <ref name="AP2" /> An dai ci gaba da aikin ceto bayan afkuwar lamarin. Mazauna yankin da jami'ai na ci gaba da shiga cikin kokarin har zuwa ranar 13 ga watan Yuni. Shugaban ‘yan sandan Okasanmi Ajayi ya ce an tura wata tawaga zuwa yankin domin tantance abin da ya faru kuma za a ci gaba da gudanar da bincike har zuwa daren 14 ga watan Yuni. <ref name="AP2" /> Ya zuwa ranar 15 ga watan Yuni, an ceto mutane 144. == Bincike == Ana binciken musabbabin faruwar lamarin. ‘Yan sandan yankin sun sanar da cewa wani bangare na jirgin ya ruguje, lamarin da ya kai ga ambaliya kuma daga baya ya kife. Sai dai [[Masarautar Pategi|Sarkin na Pategi]] ya shaida wa manema labarai cewa, igiyar ruwan kogi ta ci karo da jirgin, lamarin da ya yi sanadiyyar karo da wata bishiyar da aka shiga cikin kogin, lamarin da ya yi sanadin kifewar jirgin. A cewar hukumomin yankin da kuma rahoton ‘yan sanda, hadarin kwale-kwalen ya afku ne da misalin karfe 3 na safe. Kwale-kwalen da ya yi kifewa ya afkawa wata bishiya a cikin igiyar ruwa mai karfi, lamarin da ya sa ya kife. Saboda yawancin fasinjojin yankin ba su da riguna na ceto, lamarin ya haifar da asarar rayuka da dama. Daga cikin fasinjoji 270, mutane 144 ne suka tsira daga bala'in. Shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na [[Pategi|karamar hukumar Pategi]], Mohammed Ibrahim Liman, ya tabbatar da adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kuma bayyana cewa an kammala aikin ceto. Wadanda suka tsira da rayukansu galibi mata da kananan yara sun samu kulawar likitoci kuma an sake haduwa da iyalansu. An bayyana cewa kauyukan da lamarin ya shafa da suka hada da Kpada, Ebu, da Dzakan a karamar hukumar Pategi, jihar Kwara, da kuma kauyuka biyu a [[jihar Kogi]] inda mutane shida suka mutu. Manajan yankin na hukumar kula da hanyoyin ruwa ta kasa ya danganta hatsarin kwale-kwalen da wuce gona da iri da iska. Ya nuna rashin jin dadinsa kan yadda ma’aikatan suka yi watsi da ka’idojin tsaro duk da kokarin ilimi da kuma takunkumin da hukumar ta kakaba mata. Dangane da wannan bala’in, Gwamnan [[Ȯra Kwara|Jihar Kwara]], [[Abdulrahman AbdulRazaq|Malam Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq]], ya ziyarci iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa, ya kuma bayyana daukar matakan kare lafiyar jama’a, domin kaucewa afkuwar lamarin nan gaba. Gwamnati na shirin gabatar da dokar da ke sanya hukunci da tara saboda keta ka'idojin aminci. Bugu da kari, gwamnan ya bayyana cewa za a samar da rigunan ceto guda 1,000 don tallafawa tafiye-tafiyen ruwa cikin aminci. Jami'ai, ciki har da Manajan Daraktan Hukumar Raya Wutar Lantarki ta Ruwa, sun jaddada bukatar yin amfani da jaket na rai na tilas da kuma dokar hana zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa da dare. Sun koka da cewa ba a yi amfani da jaket din rai da aka saya a baya ba. == Waɗanda abin ya shafa == Akalla mutane 106 aka tabbatar sun mutu ya zuwa ranar 15 ga watan Yuni. Mutane da yawa sun ɓace. Daga cikin wadanda suka mutu har da mata da kananan yara; wannan ya hada da yara hudu da suka mutu tare da mahaifinsu. A cewar Alhaji Mohammed Ibrahim Liman, mutanen kauye 61 daga kauyensu na Ebu, sun mutu, sannan 38 daga Gakpan, hudu daga Kpada, biyu daga Kuchalu, daya kuma daga Sampi. <ref name="Punch" /> Ajayi ya bayyana cewa za a bayyana sunayen wadanda suka tsira idan an samu. Ya zuwa ranar 16 ga watan Yuni, an tabbatar da mutuwar mutane akalla 108. == Martani == Mazauna yankin sun bayyana lamarin a matsayin mafi munin lamarin kwale-kwale da suka gani cikin shekaru da dama. Gwamnatin jihar Kwara ta jajanta wa wadanda abin ya shafa da iyalansu, inda ta yi alkawarin ci gaba da gudanar da bincike. Basaraken yankin ya mayar da martani cewa "ya rasa hudu daga cikin makwabtana." Ofishin [[Abdulrahman AbdulRazaq|Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq]], gwamnan Kwara, ya jajantawa iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa. <ref name="WaPo" /> Mai Martaba Alhaji (Dr.) Ibrahim Sulu-Gambari, Mai [[Masarautar Ilorin|Martaba Sarkin Ilorin]] kuma Shugaban Majalisar Sarakunan Jihar Kwara, ya gabatar da tunani da addu’o’i ga wadanda abin ya shafa, inda ya ce “Zukaciyarmu da addu’o’inmu na tare da ku a wannan lokaci mai albarka. Allah Madaukakin Sarki Ya ba ku dukkan karfin gwiwa don jure rashin da ba za a iya gyarawa ba wannan lamarin da zai iya jawo muku".<ref>{{cite web |title=Tinubu orders thorough investigation of Kwara boat mishap |url=https://www.arise.tv/tinubu-orders-thorough-investigation-of-kwara-boat-mishap |access-date=June 15, 2023 |website=Arise News}}</ref> Fitattun ‘yan Najeriya da suka hada da shugaban kasa [[Bola Tinubu|Bola Ahmed Tinubu]], tsohon shugaban majalisar dattawa, Dakta [[Bukola Saraki]], da [[Gwamna]] [[Dapo Abiodun]] na [[Ogun|jihar Ogun]], sun mika sakon ta’aziyya ga al’ummar da abin ya shafa. == Nassoshi == [[Category:Haɗarin Jirgin ruwa]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] k9yusm05iri2gs89dkli78n13ls4gtm 0 66128 547681 507317 2024-11-28T19:19:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A ranar 26 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 2021, wani jirgin ruwa makil ko dauke da fasinjoji akalla 160 ya nutse cikin ruwa biyo bayan ya buge wani abu a yankin [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Niger]] na [[Najeriya]].<ref name="CBC">{{Citation|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/nigeria-boat-accident-1.6045352|publisher = [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]|title= At least 60 killed in Nigeria boat accident, dozens more feared dead|author = [[The Associated Press]]|date = 28 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{Citation|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57259966|title=Nigeria: Thirty bodies found after boat accident in Kebbi state|date=May 27, 2021|website=www.bbc.co.uk|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/more-150-feared-drowned-nigeria-194605870.html|title=More than 150 feared drowned in Nigeria boat tragedy|website=uk.finance.yahoo.com |publisher = [[Yahoo!]] Finance |author = Aminu Abubakar | date = 26 May 2021}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan yana tafiya ne tsakanin [[Neja|jihar Neja]] da [[Ngaski|Wara]] a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]] a lokacin da ya nutse. Lamarin ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane aƙalla 98.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.primanews.org/2021/06/death-toll-in-nigeria-from-boat-accident-climbs-to-98|title=Death toll in Nigeria from boat accident climbs to 98|website=primanews.org|date=8 June 2021|accessdate=9 June 2021}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wai-wa-ye == Hanyoyin ruwan Najeriya suna kara zama barazana a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, inda kungiyoyi daban-daban suka yi kiyasin cewa a shekarar 2020 kadai mutane 150 zuwa 350 ne suka rasa rayukansu.<ref name="Guardian2">{{cite web |last1=Salau |first1=Sulaimon |title=Worries as death toll rises on Nigeria's inland waters |url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/maritime/worries-as-death-toll-rises-on-nigerias-inland-waters/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=2 June 2021 |archive-date=27 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527023841/https://guardian.ng/business-services/maritime/worries-as-death-toll-rises-on-nigerias-inland-waters/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Mayun 2021, mutane 30 ne suka mutu a lokacin da wani jirgin ruwa dauke da fasinjoji 100 ya buge kututture kuma jirgin nan take ya rabe gida biyu, a [[Neja|jihar Neja]]. A watan Yulin 2020, wani kwale-kwale ya nutse a [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benuwe]] dauke da mutane kusan 30, kuma mutane bakwai sun mutu a lokacin da wani kwale-kwalen ya nutse ana tsaka da sheƙa ruwan sama a kusa da [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], sai kuma wani kwale-kwalen da ya hallaka mutane su takwas bayan wata guda.<ref name="Guardian2"/> == Hatsari == A ranar 26 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2021, wani kwale-kwalen da ya wuce gona da iri ɗauke da fasinjoji tsakanin 150 zuwa 200 ya taso daga kauyen Lokon Minna da ke tsakiyar [[Neja|jihar Neja]] zuwa wata kasuwa da ke [[Ngaski|Warrah]] a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]] a hayin [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Neja]]. Tsakanin karfe 8:15 na safe zuwa 8:20 na safen, kwale-kwalen ya bugi wani abu a cikin kogin, wanda ya sa cikin sauri ya karye kuma ya nutse. Galibin fasinjojin da ke cikin kwale-kwalen mata ne da yara ƙanana da ke niyyar tafiya zuwa Warrah don siyar da abinci a kasuwa, da kuma wasu masu hakar ma'adinai, duk a cikin Kwale-kwalen.<ref name="CBC"/><ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Guardian3"/><ref name="Punch1">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Zamfara condoles Kebbi, donates N30m |url=https://punchng.com/boat-mishap-zamfara-condoles-kebbi-donates-n30m/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Altine |first1=Maiharaji |last2=Olugbemi |first2=Adeniyi |last3=Nwisagbo |first3=Lesi |title=48 bodies recovered as search intensifies for Kebbi boat victims |url=https://punchng.com/48-bodies-recovered-as-search-intensifies-for-kebbi-boat-victims/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=28 May 2021}}</ref> Kwale-kwalen ya dauko fasinjoji ne a wuraren da ba a kayyade a bakin kogin sabanin wani jirgin sama na hukuma, mai yiyuwa ne don gujewa biyan haraji, kuma saboda haka ba a san hakikanin adadin fasinjojin da ke cikin jirgin ba.<ref name="BBC"/> Jirgin dai wani tsohon kwale-kwale ne na katako wanda ke daukar fasinjoji tsakanin 80 zuwa 150. Baya ga fasinjojin, kwale-kwalen yana kuma dauke da jakunkunan yashi daga wata ma'adanin zinare. <ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Guardian3">{{cite web |title=More than 150 feared drowned in Nigeria boat tragedy |url=https://guardian.ng/news/more-than-150-feared-drowned-in-nigeria-boat-tragedy/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=3 June 2021 |archive-date=3 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164718/https://guardian.ng/news/more-than-150-feared-drowned-in-nigeria-boat-tragedy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Tribune1"/> An ceto fasinjoji tsakanin 22 zuwa 26 jim kaɗan bayan afkuwar hatsarin, sannan kuma an gano gawarwaki 76. 'Yan sandan ruwa, masunta na cikin gida, da masu ruwa da tsaki sun shiga aikin ceto da ceto. Ba a gano sauran fasinjojin ba kuma ana kyautata zaton sun mutu.<ref name="Guardian2"/><ref name="Guardian3"/><ref name="Tribune1"/><ref name="Guardian4"/><ref>{{cite web|last1=Sabiu|first1=Muhammad|date=28 May 2021|title=48 Dead Bodies Recovered From Kebbi Boat Accident|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/48-dead-bodies-recovered-from-kebbi-boat-accident/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref><ref name="Punch2">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Kebbi to review maritime laws, says Bagudu |url=https://punchng.com/boat-mishap-kebbi-to-review-maritime-laws-says-bagudu/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Punch3">{{cite web |last1=Altine |first1=Maiharaji |last2=Abraham |first2=James |title=Kebbi boat accident: Northern govs mourn as death toll hits 76 |url=https://punchng.com/kebbi-boat-accident-northern-govs-mourn-as-death-toll-hits-76/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref> == Bayan haka == Shugaban Najeriya alokacin [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya Mika ta'aziyyarsa ga iyalan wadanda lamarin ya shafa.<ref name="BBC"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Angbulu |first1=Stephen |title=Kebbi boat accident: Buhari consoles families of victims |url=https://punchng.com/kebbi-boat-accident-buhari-consoles-families-of-victims/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=26 May 2021}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin Najeriya da dama sun ba da gudummawar kudade ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa. Kungiyar gwamnonin Najeriya ta bayar da tallafin [[naira]] miliyan 50 ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Baba |first1=Ahmadu Idris |last2=Kebbi |first2=Birnin |title=Bereaved families of Kebbi boat mishap get relief |url=https://guardian.ng/news/bereaved-families-of-kebbi-boat-mishap-get-relief/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=3 June 2021}}</ref> Gwamnan jihar Kebbi, [[Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]], ya yi alkawarin bayar da naira miliyan 11 ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa.<ref name="Punch3"/> Kungiyoyin da dama sun soki gwamnati kan yadda ake samun karuwar hadurran jiragen ruwa, inda suka dora laifin rashin aiwatar da ka’idojin tsaro.<ref name="Guardian2"/> Shugaban Majalisar Manajan Daraktocin Hukumar Kwastam ta Kasa ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnati ta sayi jiragen ruwa domin tabbatar da tsaro ga jama’a.<ref name="Guardian2"/> [[Masarautar Yauri|Sarkin Yauri]], Muhammad Zayyanu, ya roki gwamnati da ta yaye kogin Neja tare da tabbatar da cewa kowane ma’aikacin kwale-kwale ya samu isassun rigar ceto ga kowane fasinja.<ref name="Guardian4"/> Kungiyar ’yan yawon Bude ido da masu safarar ruwa ta Najeriya ta bayyana lamarin a matsayin wani abin takaici na kasa da kuma abin kunya ga al’umma tare da yin kira ga gwamnati da ta yi taswirar rafuka, ratsa rafuka, tare da kawar da tsofaffin baraguzan ruwa.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adenubi|first1=Tola|date=3 June 2021|title=Boat Operators Expect More Accidents, Deaths Along Malele-Kebbi Waterways|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/boat-operators-expect-more-accidents-deaths-along-malele-kebbi-waterways/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref> A madadin gwamnati, hukumar kula da hanyoyin ruwa ta kasa ta zargi ma’aikatan jirgin da yin lodin wuce kima da kuma karya ka’idojin tsaro.<ref name="Guardian2"/> Hukumar ta yi Alkawari aiwatar da ka’idojin tsaro kamar tabbatar da cewa kwale-kwalen suna da isassun rigunan ceto ga kowane fasinja da ke cikin jirgin da kuma hana jiragen ruwa yin aiki da daddare.<ref name="Guardian2" /> A ranar 3 ga watan Yuni ne hukumar NIWA ta sanar da ba da horo na tilas ga duk ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa, inda ta ba wa waɗanda suka kammala kwas din lakabin “certified captain”.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adenubi|first1=Tola|date=3 June 2021|title=Mishaps: NIWA To Commence Training For Boat Captains, Skippers|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/mishaps-niwa-to-commence-training-for-boat-captains-skippers/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref> Gwamnan jihar Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu, ya yi alkawarin gudanar da bitar dokokin ruwa domin kare afkuwar haɗururruka a nan gaba.<ref name="Guardian4">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Kebbi Government to review extant maritime laws |url=https://guardian.ng/news/boat-mishap-kebbi-government-to-review-extant-maritime-laws/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021 |archive-date=3 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164718/https://guardian.ng/news/boat-mishap-kebbi-government-to-review-extant-maritime-laws/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Punch2"/> Rundunar ‘yan sandan [[jihar Neja]] ta bukaci daukacin ma’aikatan kwale-kwalen da su bi ka’idojin tsaro da suka hada da rigunan ceto da kuma bin iyakar karfin kwale-kwale.<ref name="Tribune1">{{cite web|last1=Oladipo|first1=Adelowo|date=28 May 2021|title=Police Call On Boat Operators In Niger To Ensure Safety Precautions While On Transit|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/police-call-on-boat-operators-in-niger-to-ensure-safety-precautions-while-on-transit/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} [[category:Jihar Kebbi]] [[category:Jihar Neja]] 4zivv26o8rwgbvxyysd9rsnd4m81b1t 547683 547681 2024-11-28T19:20:55Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 547683 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A ranar 26 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 2021, wani jirgin ruwa makil ko dauke da fasinjoji akalla 160 ya nutse cikin ruwa biyo bayan ya buge wani abu a yankin [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Niger]] na [[Najeriya]].<ref name="CBC">{{Citation|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/nigeria-boat-accident-1.6045352|publisher = [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]|title= At least 60 killed in Nigeria boat accident, dozens more feared dead|author = [[The Associated Press]]|date = 28 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{Citation|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57259966|title=Nigeria: Thirty bodies found after boat accident in Kebbi state|date=May 27, 2021|website=www.bbc.co.uk|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/more-150-feared-drowned-nigeria-194605870.html|title=More than 150 feared drowned in Nigeria boat tragedy|website=uk.finance.yahoo.com |publisher = [[Yahoo!]] Finance |author = Aminu Abubakar | date = 26 May 2021}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan yana tafiya ne tsakanin [[Neja|jihar Neja]] da [[Ngaski|Wara]] a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]] a lokacin da ya nutse. Lamarin ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane aƙalla 98.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.primanews.org/2021/06/death-toll-in-nigeria-from-boat-accident-climbs-to-98|title=Death toll in Nigeria from boat accident climbs to 98|website=primanews.org|date=8 June 2021|accessdate=9 June 2021}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wai-wa-ye == Hanyoyin ruwan Najeriya suna kara zama barazana a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, inda kungiyoyi daban-daban suka yi kiyasin cewa a shekarar 2020 kadai mutane 150 zuwa 350 ne suka rasa rayukansu.<ref name="Guardian2">{{cite web |last1=Salau |first1=Sulaimon |title=Worries as death toll rises on Nigeria's inland waters |url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/maritime/worries-as-death-toll-rises-on-nigerias-inland-waters/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=2 June 2021 |archive-date=27 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527023841/https://guardian.ng/business-services/maritime/worries-as-death-toll-rises-on-nigerias-inland-waters/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Mayun shekarar 2021, mutane 30 ne suka mutu a lokacin da wani jirgin ruwa dauke da fasinjoji 100 ya buge kututture kuma jirgin nan take ya rabe gida biyu, a [[Neja|jihar Neja]]. A watan Yulin 2020, wani kwale-kwale ya nutse a [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benuwe]] dauke da mutane kusan 30, kuma mutane bakwai sun mutu a lokacin da wani kwale-kwalen ya nutse ana tsaka da sheƙa ruwan sama a kusa da [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], sai kuma wani kwale-kwalen da ya hallaka mutane su takwas bayan wata guda.<ref name="Guardian2"/> == Hatsari == A ranar 26 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2021, wani kwale-kwalen da ya wuce gona da iri ɗauke da fasinjoji tsakanin 150 zuwa 200 ya taso daga kauyen Lokon Minna da ke tsakiyar [[Neja|jihar Neja]] zuwa wata kasuwa da ke [[Ngaski|Warrah]] a [[Kebbi|jihar Kebbi]] a hayin [[Neja (kogi)|kogin Neja]]. Tsakanin karfe 8:15 na safe zuwa 8:20 na safen, kwale-kwalen ya bugi wani abu a cikin kogin, wanda ya sa cikin sauri ya karye kuma ya nutse. Galibin fasinjojin da ke cikin kwale-kwalen mata ne da yara ƙanana da ke niyyar tafiya zuwa Warrah don siyar da abinci a kasuwa, da kuma wasu masu hakar ma'adinai, duk a cikin Kwale-kwalen.<ref name="CBC"/><ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Guardian3"/><ref name="Punch1">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Zamfara condoles Kebbi, donates N30m |url=https://punchng.com/boat-mishap-zamfara-condoles-kebbi-donates-n30m/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Altine |first1=Maiharaji |last2=Olugbemi |first2=Adeniyi |last3=Nwisagbo |first3=Lesi |title=48 bodies recovered as search intensifies for Kebbi boat victims |url=https://punchng.com/48-bodies-recovered-as-search-intensifies-for-kebbi-boat-victims/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=28 May 2021}}</ref> Kwale-kwalen ya dauko fasinjoji ne a wuraren da ba a kayyade a bakin kogin sabanin wani jirgin sama na hukuma, mai yiyuwa ne don gujewa biyan haraji, kuma saboda haka ba a san hakikanin adadin fasinjojin da ke cikin jirgin ba.<ref name="BBC"/> Jirgin dai wani tsohon kwale-kwale ne na katako wanda ke daukar fasinjoji tsakanin 80 zuwa 150. Baya ga fasinjojin, kwale-kwalen yana kuma dauke da jakunkunan yashi daga wata ma'adanin zinare. <ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Guardian3">{{cite web |title=More than 150 feared drowned in Nigeria boat tragedy |url=https://guardian.ng/news/more-than-150-feared-drowned-in-nigeria-boat-tragedy/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=3 June 2021 |archive-date=3 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164718/https://guardian.ng/news/more-than-150-feared-drowned-in-nigeria-boat-tragedy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Tribune1"/> An ceto fasinjoji tsakanin 22 zuwa 26 jim kaɗan bayan afkuwar hatsarin, sannan kuma an gano gawarwaki 76. 'Yan sandan ruwa, masunta na cikin gida, da masu ruwa da tsaki sun shiga aikin ceto da ceto. Ba a gano sauran fasinjojin ba kuma ana kyautata zaton sun mutu.<ref name="Guardian2"/><ref name="Guardian3"/><ref name="Tribune1"/><ref name="Guardian4"/><ref>{{cite web|last1=Sabiu|first1=Muhammad|date=28 May 2021|title=48 Dead Bodies Recovered From Kebbi Boat Accident|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/48-dead-bodies-recovered-from-kebbi-boat-accident/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref><ref name="Punch2">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Kebbi to review maritime laws, says Bagudu |url=https://punchng.com/boat-mishap-kebbi-to-review-maritime-laws-says-bagudu/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="Punch3">{{cite web |last1=Altine |first1=Maiharaji |last2=Abraham |first2=James |title=Kebbi boat accident: Northern govs mourn as death toll hits 76 |url=https://punchng.com/kebbi-boat-accident-northern-govs-mourn-as-death-toll-hits-76/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref> == Bayan haka == Shugaban Najeriya alokacin [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya Mika ta'aziyyarsa ga iyalan wadanda lamarin ya shafa.<ref name="BBC"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Angbulu |first1=Stephen |title=Kebbi boat accident: Buhari consoles families of victims |url=https://punchng.com/kebbi-boat-accident-buhari-consoles-families-of-victims/ |website=Punch Nigeria |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=26 May 2021}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin Najeriya da dama sun ba da gudummawar kudade ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa. Kungiyar gwamnonin Najeriya ta bayar da tallafin [[naira]] miliyan 50 ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Baba |first1=Ahmadu Idris |last2=Kebbi |first2=Birnin |title=Bereaved families of Kebbi boat mishap get relief |url=https://guardian.ng/news/bereaved-families-of-kebbi-boat-mishap-get-relief/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=3 June 2021}}</ref> Gwamnan jihar Kebbi, [[Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]], ya yi alkawarin bayar da naira miliyan 11 ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa.<ref name="Punch3"/> Kungiyoyin da dama sun soki gwamnati kan yadda ake samun karuwar hadurran jiragen ruwa, inda suka dora laifin rashin aiwatar da ka’idojin tsaro.<ref name="Guardian2"/> Shugaban Majalisar Manajan Daraktocin Hukumar Kwastam ta Kasa ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnati ta sayi jiragen ruwa domin tabbatar da tsaro ga jama’a.<ref name="Guardian2"/> [[Masarautar Yauri|Sarkin Yauri]], Muhammad Zayyanu, ya roki gwamnati da ta yaye kogin Neja tare da tabbatar da cewa kowane ma’aikacin kwale-kwale ya samu isassun rigar ceto ga kowane fasinja.<ref name="Guardian4"/> Kungiyar ’yan yawon Bude ido da masu safarar ruwa ta Najeriya ta bayyana lamarin a matsayin wani abin takaici na kasa da kuma abin kunya ga al’umma tare da yin kira ga gwamnati da ta yi taswirar rafuka, ratsa rafuka, tare da kawar da tsofaffin baraguzan ruwa.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adenubi|first1=Tola|date=3 June 2021|title=Boat Operators Expect More Accidents, Deaths Along Malele-Kebbi Waterways|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/boat-operators-expect-more-accidents-deaths-along-malele-kebbi-waterways/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune. English}}</ref> A madadin gwamnati, hukumar kula da hanyoyin ruwa ta kasa ta zargi ma’aikatan jirgin da yin lodin wuce kima da kuma karya ka’idojin tsaro.<ref name="Guardian2"/> Hukumar ta yi Alkawari aiwatar da ka’idojin tsaro kamar tabbatar da cewa kwale-kwalen suna da isassun rigunan ceto ga kowane fasinja da ke cikin jirgin da kuma hana jiragen ruwa yin aiki da daddare.<ref name="Guardian2" /> A ranar 3 ga watan Yuni ne hukumar NIWA ta sanar da ba da horo na tilas ga duk ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa, inda ta ba wa waɗanda suka kammala kwas din lakabin “certified captain”.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adenubi|first1=Tola|date=3 June 2021|title=Mishaps: NIWA To Commence Training For Boat Captains, Skippers|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/mishaps-niwa-to-commence-training-for-boat-captains-skippers/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref> Gwamnan jihar Kebbi, Atiku Bagudu, ya yi alkawarin gudanar da bitar dokokin ruwa domin kare afkuwar haɗururruka a nan gaba.<ref name="Guardian4">{{cite web |title=Boat mishap: Kebbi Government to review extant maritime laws |url=https://guardian.ng/news/boat-mishap-kebbi-government-to-review-extant-maritime-laws/ |website=Guardian.ng |access-date=3 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021 |archive-date=3 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603164718/https://guardian.ng/news/boat-mishap-kebbi-government-to-review-extant-maritime-laws/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Punch2"/> Rundunar ‘yan sandan [[jihar Neja]] ta bukaci daukacin ma’aikatan kwale-kwalen da su bi ka’idojin tsaro da suka hada da rigunan ceto da kuma bin iyakar karfin kwale-kwale.<ref name="Tribune1">{{cite web|last1=Oladipo|first1=Adelowo|date=28 May 2021|title=Police Call On Boat Operators In Niger To Ensure Safety Precautions While On Transit|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/police-call-on-boat-operators-in-niger-to-ensure-safety-precautions-while-on-transit/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=Nigerian Tribune English}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} [[category:Jihar Kebbi]] [[category:Jihar Neja]] ch6ffr5dmsvymyc8rzmim49d10ntwvk 0 66149 547598 546213 2024-11-28T17:04:55Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Stub}} [[Fayil:Saimaa picture.jpg|thumb|saimaa]] [[Fayil:Noctilucent clouds over saimaa.jpg|thumb|Saimaa]] [[Fayil:Lake Saimaa aerial.jpg|thumb|saimaa]] [[Fayil:Lianne IMO 9422275 G Saimaa-Kanal 23-08-2014.jpg|thumb|Saimaa]] [[Fayil:Hietasaari, Lake Saimaa.JPG|thumb|Saimaa]] [[Fayil:GreaterSaimaa.gif|thumb|saimaa]] [[Fayil:Typical rocky shores of Lake Saimaa.jpg|thumb|saimaa]] [[Fayil:Lake Saimaa aerial.jpg|thumb|Saimaa]] '''Saimaa'''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080214225230/http://virtual.finland.fi/netcomm/news/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=25710&LAN=ENG</ref> Yaren mutanen kasar Sweden: Saimen) tabki ne da ke yankin Finnish Lakeland a kudu maso gabashin Finland. A kusan murabba'in kilomita 4,279 (sq mi 1,652), ita ce tafki mafi girma a Finland, kuma tafkin ruwa mafi girma na huɗu mafi girma a Turai. Wataƙila sunan Saimaa ya fito ne daga yaren da ba na Uralic ba, wanda ba na Indo ba. A madadin, an ba da shawarar cewa za a iya haɗa sunan da kalmar Sami sapmi.<ref>https://www.jarviwiki.fi/wiki/Suur-Saimaa</ref> == Manazarta == 1y4lmta4xc1pp3ueshtyqhzvt1culsj 0 67378 547651 519183 2024-11-28T18:32:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bolanle Ninalowo'''<sub>{{Audio|Yo-Bolanle Ninalowo.ogg|Saurara|help=no}}</sub>, wanda aka fi sani da '''Nino''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/2017/12/marriage-failed-bolanle-ninalowo-2/|title=Why my marriage failed –Bolanle Ninalowo|last=Peters|first=Abiola Alaba|date=31 December 2017|website=Newtelegraph|language=en-US|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-date=21 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221063309/http://www.newtelegraphng.com/2017/12/marriage-failed-bolanle-ninalowo-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> (An haife shi 7 ga [[Mayu]], 1980) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma mai shirya fina-finai na Najeriya. == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Bolanle Ninalowo at the 2020 AMVCA21 01 59 693000.jpeg|thumb|Bolanle Ninalowo]] Kafin yunƙurin Ninalowo na shiga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, ya fara aiki a matsayin mai lissafi a banki a [[Amurka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://naijagists.com/bolanle-ninalowo-accountant-america-us-relocate-nigeria/|title=Bolanle Ninalowo: I Was An Accountant In America Before Relocating To Nigeria|last=Gists|first=Naija|date=5 May 2019|website=NaijaGists.com|language=en-US|access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref> Ba yan ya koma Najeriya, ya yi aiki tare da [[Bankin Guaranty Trust]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/wish-find-love-bolanle-ninalowo/|title=I wish to find love – Bolanle Ninalowo|website=Punch Newspapers|date=29 May 2016|language=en-US|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref> Da farko Ninalowo ya yi ƙoƙari ya shiga masana'antar fina-finai ta [[Nollywood]] a matsayin mai shirya fim. Ya shirya fim ɗinsa na farko mai taken Rebirth.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2018/03/my-success-story-in-nollywood-bolanle-ninalowo.html|title=My success story in Nollywood – Bolanle Ninalowo|last=Nigeria|first=Information|date=21 March 2018|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/wish-find-love-bolanle-ninalowo/|title=I wish to find love – Bolanle Ninalowo|website=Punch Newspapers|date=29 May 2016|language=en-US|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa == Ninalowo ya yi aure, Amman sun rabu,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigeria.shafaqna.com/|title=Why Bolanle Ninalowo And Wife, Bunmi Reconciled After 12 Years|website=Nigeria News (News Reader)|language=EN|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/bolanle-ninalowo-separated-mother-kids/|title=BOLANLE NINALOWO: WHY I SEPARATED FROM THE MOTHER OF MY KIDS|date=4 November 2017|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref> kuma sun sulhunta<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/2019/01/real-reasons-why-actor-bolanle-ninalowo-and-wife-reconciled-after-12-years-of-separation.html|title=Real Reasons why Actor Bolanle Ninalowo and wife reconciled after 12 years of separation|date=17 January 2019|website=Kemi Filani News|language=en-GB|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eelive.ng/my-wife-and-i-are-doing-very-fine-bolanle-ninalowo/|title="My Wife and I are Doing Very Fine"- Bolanle Ninalowo|last=Eze|first=Louise|date=5 May 2019|website=Eelive|language=en-US|access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref> tare da tsohuwar matar ta sa, da suke da 'ya'ya biyu, tare, namiji ɗaya da mace. Shi ɗan uwan [[Rukky Sanda]] ne,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bolanle-ninalowo-rukky-sandas-cousin-becomes-nollywoods-new-toast/zq2s92h|title=Rukky Sanda's cousin becomes Nollywood's new toast|date=13 May 2015|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=23 November 2019|archive-date=17 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217062717/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bolanle-ninalowo-rukky-sandas-cousin-becomes-nollywoods-new-toast/zq2s92h|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://naijagists.com/bolanle-ninalowo-cousin-rukky-sanda-first-movie-role-record-label/|title=Bolanle Ninalowo: My Cousin, Rukky Sanda Gave Me My First Movie Role After My Record Label Failed|last=Gists|first=Naija|date=6 December 2017|website=NaijaGists.com - Nigerian Entertainment News & Motivation Blog Business Ideas, Natural Health & Relationship Tips|language=en-US|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/up-close-and-personal-with-bolanle-ninalowo/|website=guardian.ng|access-date=23 November 2019|title=Up Close and Personal with Bolanle Ninalowo|date=5 December 2017|archive-date=28 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628005251/https://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/up-close-and-personal-with-bolanle-ninalowo/|url-status=dead}}</ref> wata mai shirya fina-finai Haka-zalika 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/2019/01/real-reasons-why-actor-bolanle-ninalowo-and-wife-reconciled-after-12-years-of-separation.html|title=Real Reasons why Actor Bolanle Ninalowo and wife reconciled after 12 years of separation|date=17 January 2019|website=Kemi Filani News|language=en-GB|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref> Nino ya koma bin Kiristanci daga addinin Islama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daily4mative.com/bolanle-ninalowo-reveals-real-reason-why-he-converted-from-islam-to-christianity|title=Bolanle Ninalowo reveals real reason Why he Converted From Islam To Christianity|date=18 July 2020|website=Daily4mative Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=18 July 2020|archive-date=23 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723092005/https://daily4mative.com/bolanle-ninalowo-reveals-real-reason-why-he-converted-from-islam-to-christianity/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina-finan da aka zaɓa == * ''[[Husbands of Lagos]]'' *''[[Coming From Insanity]]'' *''Night Bus To Lagos'' *''Atlas'' *''A fire In The Rain'' *''30 Years A Virgin'' *'' Iya iyawo'' *'' The gateman'' *''[[Road to Yesterday (film)|Road To Yesterday]]'' (2015) *''[[Picture Perfect (2016 film)|Picture Perfect]]'' *''[[Tiwa's Baggage]]'' (2017) *''[[Akpe: Return of the Beast]]'' (2019) *''[[Alter Date]]'' (2019) *''[[Ratnik (film)|Ratnik]]'' (2020) *''[[Breaded Life]]'' (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 April 2021|title=New Nollywood comedy 'Breaded Life' hits cinemas|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/455641-new-nollywood-comedy-breaded-life-hits-cinemas.html|access-date=20 April 2021|language=en-GB}}</ref> *''[[Crazy Grannies]]'' (2021) *''[[13 Letters (film)|13 Letters]]'' == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Kyauta !Sakamako !Madogara |- |2010 |[[2010 Best of Nollywood Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Revelation of the Year |{{won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |[[City People Movie Awards|City People Movie Award]] |Best Supporting Actor of the Year - English |{{won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|last=Emmanuel|first=Daniji|date=18 October 2017|title=Full List Of Winners At The 2017 City People Movie Awards|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/full-list-winners-2017-city-people-movie-awards/|access-date=23 November 2019|website=City People Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Best Actor in a Lead role - English |{{won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 November 2017|title=BON Awards 2017: Kannywood’s Ali Nuhu receives Special Recognition Award|url=https://dailytrust.com/bon-awards-2017-kannywood-s-ali-nuhu-receives-special-recognition-award|access-date=7 October 2021|website=Daily Trust|language=en}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |[[2018 Best of Nollywood Awards|Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Best Actor in a Lead Role - Yoruba |{{nom}} |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=10 December 2018|title=BON Awards 2018: Tope Oshin, Tana Adelana win big|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/300174-bon-awards-2018-tope-oshin-tana-adelana-win-big.html|url-status=live|access-date=9 October 2021|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210181409/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/300174-bon-awards-2018-tope-oshin-tana-adelana-win-big.html |archive-date=10 December 2018 }}</ref> |- |City People Movie Award |Best Actor of the Year - English |{{won}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na Waje== * [https://m.imdb.com/name/nm7970787/ Bolanle Ninalowo’s IMDb Page] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] gtlk5r2azrifrvvrpujy6oln81ug9kz 0 67495 547592 503929 2024-11-28T16:58:34Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:R. L. Polk & Co.'s Columbus, GA. city directory 1912 containing a complete street guide and directory of householders--an alphabetically arranged list of business firms and private citizens--a - DPLA - e3c90c4b496510b968ead557d6c6a736.pdf|thumb|littafi akan owen renfroe]] [[Fayil:R. L. Polk & Co.'s Columbus, GA. city directory 1912 containing a complete street guide and directory of householders--an alphabetically arranged list of business firms and private citizens--a - DPLA - e3c90c4b496510b968ead557d6c6a736.pdf|thumb|Owen Renfroe]] '''Owen Renfroe''' darektan fim ne da talabijin na Amurka. Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Wesleyan, inda ya yi karatun fim tare da Farfesa Jeanine Basinger .  Ya fara sana'arsa yana da shekaru goma, lokacin da ya raira waƙa a cikin ƙungiyar yara ta Kamfanin Metropolitan Opera.<ref>https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117983033.html?categoryid=2870&cs=1</ref> == Rubuce-rubuce == <references />{{Stub}} lihjh23xgt2cpu7ij27by6xdg63zie1 0 68701 548029 371348 2024-11-28T23:17:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''King of Boys''''' fim ne mai ban sha'awa na siyasa na Najeriya a shekarar 2018 a kayi shi, wanda [[Kemi Adetiba]] ta rubuta kuma ta shirya. Shi ne fim na biyu da Kemi Adetiba ta ba da umarni bayan fitowar ''The Wedding Party''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Izuzu |first1=Chidumga |title=Plot for Kemi Adetiba's anticipated movie revealed |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/plot-for-kemi-adetibas-new-film-king-of-boys-id8402047.html |accessdate=9 October 2018 |agency=Pulse Nigeria |date=21 May 2018 |archive-date=14 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014091622/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/plot-for-kemi-adetibas-new-film-king-of-boys-id8402047.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya sake haɗuwa da Kemi Adetiba tare da [[Adesua Etomi]] da [[Sola Sobowale]], bayan sun yi aiki tare a matsayin daraktoci na farko, a ''The Wedding Party''. Fim ɗin ya mayar da hankali ne kan rikicin nuna ɗin karfi da taurarin rap Illbliss da Reminisce a cikin rawarsu na farko na fim.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ono |first1=Bello |title=Watch Out For Reminisce As He Makes Debut In Nollywood Movie "King Of Boys" |url=http://onobello.com/watch-out-for-reminisce-as-he-makes-debut-in-nollywood-movie-king-of-boys/ |accessdate=9 October 2018 |agency=OnoBello |date=18 January 2018 |archive-date=28 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128204936/http://onobello.com/watch-out-for-reminisce-as-he-makes-debut-in-nollywood-movie-king-of-boys/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Alli |first1=Mutiat |title=Illbliss joins cast list of Kemi Adetiba's 'King of Boys' |url=https://dailytimes.ng/illbliss-joins-cast-list-kemi-adetibas-king-boys/ |accessdate=9 October 2018 |agency=Daily Times |date=20 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Odejimi |first1=Segun |title=Illbliss, Reminisce, Omoni Oboli, Adesua Etomi To Star In Kemi Adetiba's "King Of Boys" |url=https://www.tns.ng/illbliss-reminisce-omoni-oboli-adesua-etomi-to-star-in-kemi-adetibas-king-of-boys/amp/ |accessdate=9 October 2018 |agency=TNS |date=18 January 2018 |archive-date=22 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022035835/https://tns.ng/illbliss-reminisce-omoni-oboli-adesua-etomi-to-star-in-kemi-adetibas-king-of-boys/amp/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan kwaikwayon sun haɗa da [[Paul Sambo]], [[Osas Ighodaro|Osas Ajibade Ighodaro]], [[Toni Tones]], Sani Muazu, Demola Adedoyin da [[Akin Lewis]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cable Lifestyle |title=Boys' teaser reveals little but will keep you in suspense |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/kemi-adetiba-king-of-boys-teaser/ |accessdate=29 October 2018 |agency=The Cable Nigeria |date=2 May 2018}}</ref> == Labarin fim == King of Boys yana ba da labarin Alhaja Eniola Salami (wanda [[Sola Sobowale]] ya yi), wata ‘yar kasuwa kuma mai taimakon jama’a mai kyakkyawar makoma ta siyasa. An ja ta cikin gwagwarmayar neman mulki, wanda hakan ke barazana ga duk wani abu da ke kewaye da ita a sakamakon bunkasar burinta na siyasa. Don fita daga wannan abin sai taji wani wasa na amana, bata san wanda ya kamata ta duba ba, hakan ya kai ta ga rashin tausayinta. == 'Yan wasa == * [[Sola Sobowale]] a matsayin Alhaja Eniola Salami * [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Kemi Salami * [[Jide Kosoko]] a matsayin Alhaji Salami * [[Osas Ighodaro]] a matsayin Sade Bello * Illbliss a matsayin Odogwu Malay * Reminisce a matsayin Makanaki * [[Toni Tones]] a matsayin Matashi Salami * [[Akin Lewis]] a matsayin Aare Akinwade * Demola Adedoyin a matsayin Kitan Salami * Sani Mu'azu a matsayin Inspector Shehu * [[Paul Sambo]] a matsayin Nurudeen Gobir * [[Sharon Ooja]] a matsayin Amaka * [[Jumoke George]] a matsayin Jam'iyyar Gossip 1 * [[Lanre Hassan]] a matsayin Iyaloja == liyafa == An sanya shi a cikin manyan fina-finai 10 na shekarar 2018 na [[Hukumar Labarai ta Najeriya|Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Najeriya]] (NAN) <ref>{{Cite web|date=8 January 2019|title='King of Boys', 'Lion Heart,' others top 10 Nollywood movies for 2018|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/304767-king-of-boys-lion-heart-others-top-10-nollywood-movies-for-2018.html|access-date=25 August 2021|language=en-GB}}</ref> === Akwatin Ofishi === King of Boys ya samu ₦ miliyan 200 bayan sati 7 a sinima<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|date=12 December 2018|title=Kemi Adetiba is emotional after 'King Of Boys' reportedly grossed N200m in 7 weeks|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/kemi-adetiba-is-emotional-after-king-of-boys-reportedly-grossed-n200m-in-7-weeks/sg7kky1|access-date=25 August 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> da kuma ₦245 miliyan gaba daya.<ref name="Top 50 Releases of all time in West Africa">{{cite web|title=Top 50 Releases of all time in West Africa. Page 18-19|url=http://books.filmhouseng.com/books/jahx/#p=18|access-date=26 August 2021|archive-date=19 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819115022/http://books.filmhouseng.com/books/jahx/#p=18|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mabiya == Mabiyan, ''The Return of the King'' an sake shi a ranar 27 ga watan Agusta 2021 akan [[Netflix]] a matsayin iyakanceccen jerin sassa 7.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Nwogu|first=Precious|date=27 August 2021|title='KOB: The Return of the King' [Pulse Movie Review]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/kob-the-return-of-the-king-pulse-movie-review/wpqwpt2|access-date=28 August 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Result !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2019 | rowspan="2" |[[Africa Movie Academy Awards|African Movie Academy Awards]] |Best Actress in a Leading Role - Sola Sobowale |{{won}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 July 2021|title=King Of Boys: The Return Of The King Returns As 7-Episode Series|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/king-of-boys-the-return-of-the-king-returns-as-7-episode-series/|access-date=6 August 2021|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=29 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729140833/https://editor.guardian.ng/life/king-of-boys-the-return-of-the-king-returns-as-7-episode-series/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Best Actress in a Supporting Role - Adesua Etomi-Wellington |{{won}} |- | rowspan="7" |2020 | rowspan="7" |[[2020 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] |Best Supporting Actor - Reminisce |{{nom}} | rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=7 February 2020|title=2020 AMVCA: Check out the full nominees' list|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/2020-amvca-check-out-the-full-nominees-list/c3m2esq|access-date=22 August 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ayoola|first=Simbiat|date=16 March 2020|title=AMVCA7: King of Boys gets snubbed, Nigerians react|url=https://www.legit.ng/1311889-king-boys-snubbed-amvca7-nigerians-react.html|access-date=22 August 2021|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref> |- |Best Supporting Actress - Toni Tones |{{nom}} |- |Best Costume Designer - Yolanda Okereke |{{nom}} |- |Best Make-Up - Hakeem Effects |{{nom}} |- |Best Actress in a Drama - Sola Sobowale |{{nom}} |- |Best Sound Track - Sess, Reminisce & Adekunle Gold - "Original Gangster" |{{nom}} |- |Best Director - Kemi Adetiba |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="1" |2021 |[[2021 African Entertainment Awards USA|African Entertainment Awards USA]] |Best African Movie |{{won}} | |} == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 2018 * Kyautar Kyautar Zabin Masu Kallon Afirka == Manazarta == oetqtxoirtnub0p351heospisbm2lxe 0 68706 548099 371833 2024-11-29T05:21:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''The Vendor''' shirin wasan barkwanci ne [[Nollywood|na nollywood]] na shekarar 2018 [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] da aka rubuta, wanda [[Odunlade Adekola]] ya shirya kuma ya ba da umarni,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bada |first1=Gbenga |title='The Vendor' Odunlade Adekola's new comic movie gets release date |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-vendor-starring-adunni-odunlade-adekola-gets-release-date-id8814371.html |website=Pulse NG |accessdate=1 November 2018 |date=2018-09-05 |archive-date=2022-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122155741/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-vendor-starring-adunni-odunlade-adekola-gets-release-date-id8814371.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hakazalika fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta ''2018 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards'' na babban hazikin jarumin wasan shirin.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-01|title=AMVCA 2018 : Adekola Odunlade, Omotola Ekeinde win best actor, actress|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/adekola-odunlade-omotola-ekeinde-win-best-actor-actress-at-amvca-2018/|access-date=2021-03-12|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sanusi|first=Sola|date=2018-09-02|title=Omotola Jalade, Odunlade Adekola, Odunlade Adekola, others win big at AMVCA 2018|url=https://www.legit.ng/1189739-full-list-winners-amvca-2018-edition.html|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-09-02|title=#AMVCA2018: Omotola, Odunlade, Falz, Ali, others win {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/282226-amvca2018-omotola-odunlade-falz-ali-others-win.html|access-date=2021-03-13|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunde Kelani, Falz, Bisola, Omotola win at AMVCA 2018|url=https://punchng.com/tunde-kelani-falz-bisola-omotola-win-awards-at-amvca-2018-see-winners-list/|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> An fitar da tillar shirin fim ɗin a watan Agusta 2018 yayin da fim ɗin aka haska shi a silima a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2018, <ref>{{cite web |title=Odunlade Adekola's The Vendor is barely salvaged by a few laughs |url=https://ynaija.com/odunlade-adekolas-the-vendor-is-barely-salvaged-by-a-few-laughs-639042-2/|date=2018-09-27}}</ref> fim din da tsawon mintuna 102.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Vendor, Peppermint… 10 movies you should see this weekend |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/vendor-peppermint-10-movies-see-weekend/|date=2018-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Vendor 2018 |url=https://mynaijang.blogspot.com/2019/03/the-vendor.html}}</ref> An fara haska fim ɗin a dandalin kallo na yanar gizo na [[Netflix]] a ranar 27 ga Disamba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-25|title='The Vendor': This Nigerian comedy is coming to Netflix soon|url=https://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/the-vendor-this-nigerian-comedy-is-coming-to-netflix-soon/41h6vlr|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-30|title=Odunlade Adekola's 'The Vendor' now streaming on Netflix|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/odunlade-adekolas-the-vendor-now-streaming-on-netflix/g7bdnxj|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> == Sharhi == Taurarin Fim sun hada da [[Odunlade Adekola]] a matsayin Gbadebo, wani mai sayar da jaridu a kasar da ke fama da matsalar rashin lafiya. Bai gamsu da rayuwarsa ba kuma yana ganin matsayin da yake da shi a yanzu da kuma yawancin mutanen da yake mu'amala da su a kullum ba su kai shi ba. Ya dora laifin rashin kishinsa da nasarar da ta mamaye muhallinsa, amma gaskiyar magana ita ce, shi malalaci ne wanda ya gwammace ya kwashe kwanakinsa yana korafi da yin watsi da kokarin gaskiya na na kusa da shi. Ko ta yaya Gbadebo ya samu mukamin direba ga Morayo, wata budurwa mai kudi, wanda Adunni Ade ya hau fito a matsayin jarumin Mai sunan. Duk da haka, yawan rashin da'a ya sa ba zai yiwu ya yi aiki na dogon lokaci a wannan sabon aikin ba kafin ya shiga cikin matsala mai tsanani. Duk da haka, a ƙarshe ya yi hakan, lokacin da ya sadu da mahaifinsa mai arziki.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Vendor |url=http://filmstrack.com/the-vendor }}{{Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Yan wasan shirin== * [[Odunlade Adekola]] * [[Adunni Ade]] * [[Jide Kosoko]] * [[Eniola Ajao]] * [[Ireti Osayemi]] * [[Kayode Olaseinde]] * [[Tunde Bernard]] * [[Bolaji Amusan]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 3cbu00phy47xdyipbhp5wnv9a3y0aal 0 68714 548091 370639 2024-11-29T04:51:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Side Chick Gang''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo/na ban dariya na ƙasar Ghana wanda aka shirya shi a shekarar 2018 wanda kuma Peter Sedufia ya jagoranta. == Takaitaccen bayani == Kawaye mata guda uku da suka bar aikinsu na ainihi a matsayin masu neman aiki don neman aikin da ya fi biyan kuɗin da ya fi na tsofaffin ayyukan da suka kafa sun kafa "ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu". Ƙungiyar Sidechic tana ba da sabis ga mata kawai. Wannan ya sa mazan ba su ji daɗi ba da farin ciki da shaharar da suka yi ba zato ba tsammani. Aikin ya ba su damar danne mazaje ko samarin da ke yaudarar matansu ko budurwarsu. Kungiyar ta ɗauki aiki a wajen wani attajiri wanda shine babbar yarjejeniyarsu akan saurayin da ake zarginsa da laifin yaudara. Mafi girman adawar su shine mazajen da suka ci gajiyar hidimar side chicks.<ref>{{Citation|last=Africa Movie Channel|title=Side Chick Gang - Official trailer|date=2018-02-24|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-rQjCUk5yBc|access-date=2018-11-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/sidechic-gang-new-movie-starring-nana-ama-mcbrown-lydia-forson-adjetey-anang-bernard-nyarko-hits-cinemas-soon-id7683549.html|title=Nana Ama McBrown, Lydia Forson, Adjetey Anang star in "Sidechic Gang"; hits cinemas soon|last=Mawuli|first=David|access-date=2018-11-16|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116131431/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/sidechic-gang-new-movie-starring-nana-ama-mcbrown-lydia-forson-adjetey-anang-bernard-nyarko-hits-cinemas-soon-id7683549.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ameyawdebrah.com/producers-keteke-comes-sidechic-gang-set-2018/|title=From the producers of 'Keteke' comes, “Sidechic Gang” set for 2018 - AmeyawDebrah.Com|date=2017-12-05|work=AmeyawDebrah.Com|access-date=2018-11-21|language=en-US}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == * Nana Ama McBrown * [[Lydia Forson]] * Adjetey Anang * Bernard Nyarko * Sika Osei * Adjetey Anang * Eddie Kufour * Akofa Edjeane == Kyauta == * Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Mafi kyawun Darakta na shekarar (2018) * Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Mafi kyawun Fim na shekarar (2018) * Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka don Mafi kyawun fim ɗin Barkwanci (2018) * Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka don Mafi Nasara A Sauti (2018) * Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka don Mafi kyawun Jaruma A Matsayin Jagora (2018) == Manazarta == mf5j9kde8yvbnk64gummpixvlrhe1h5 0 68875 547724 535584 2024-11-28T20:11:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Eye of the Storm- Captain Jack's Stunt Spectacular (29510815662).jpg|thumb|''Eye of the Storm'' (fim na 2015)]] '''''Eye of the Storm''''' ({{Lang-fr|L'oeil du cyclone}}) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 2015 na ƙasar Burkinabe game da yara sojoji. Sékou Traoré ne ya ba da umarnin fim ɗin, wanda Axel Guyot ya shirya, Christophe Lemoine da Luis Marques suka rubuta, kuma ya fito da Fargrass Assandre da Maἴmouna N'diaye.<ref name=":0"/> Ya samu nadin nadi goma a lambar yabo ta 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards kuma ya ci nasara a rukuni uku ciki har da Mafi kyawun Fim.<ref>{{cite news|author=Albert Benefo Buabeng|title=Full list of winners at 2016 Africa Movie Academy Awards|url=http://pulse.com.gh/events/amaas-2016-full-list-of-winners-at-2016-africa-movie-academy-awards-id5139637.html|accessdate=12 June 2016|work=Pulse Ghana|date=12 June 2016|archive-date=30 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430102842/http://pulse.com.gh/events/amaas-2016-full-list-of-winners-at-2016-africa-movie-academy-awards-id5139637.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == A game da nazarin yara sojoji, fim ɗin Sékou Traoré ya kawo mu ga Emma Tou (N'Diaye), wani matashi lauya wanda ya yarda da kare wanda aka kama wanda wataƙila yaro ne soja, a cikin abin da shugabansu ya kira "The Trial of the Century".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.siff.net/festival-2016/eye-of-the-storm|title=Eye of the Storm|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=2016-11-14|archive-date=2018-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305063030/https://www.siff.net/festival-2016/eye-of-the-storm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Da yake ci gaba da tabbatar da kyakkyawan shari'a ga mai tsere, Tou ya ziyarci tsohon soja yaro Blackshouam Vila (Fargass) kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya sami amincewarsa don haka zai taimaka mata a shari'arta. Amma yayin da Vila ta fara gaya mata tarihinsa, Tou ta gano tsoron wani yaro da aka tilasta ya yi yaƙi a cikin soja.<ref name=":0"/> Kamar yadda Vila ya gaya wa Tou yadda yake rawar jiki tsakanin yin bikin mummunar laifukansa da kuka game da mafarkinsa mai ban tsoro, wanda sau da yawa ya haɗa da wadanda ya kashe a baya.<ref name=":0"/> Yayin da Tou ta yi ta tonawa kan batun sojan yara, sai ta ga hakan yana nuni ga sa hannun jami'an gwamnati wajen haifar da tashin hankali na kuruciyar Vila. Ana shirye-shiryen kotu, Tou an rufe shi cikin neman gaskiya inda jarumai da miyagu ba su wuce inuwar launin toka ba.<ref name=":0"/> == 'Yan wasa == * Maïmouna N'Diaye - Emma Tou * Fargass Assandé - Blackshouam Vila * Abidine Dioari - Solo * Issaka Sawouadogo - Roc * Jacob Sou - Shugaban Bar * Serge Henry - Baba Tu * Fatou Traoré - Yar'uwar Emma == Manazarta == [[Category:fim]] pb1umucioyhz9jjp18c46544fq66mzt 0 68959 547602 471492 2024-11-28T17:07:46Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547602 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad with King Faisal.jpg|thumb]]{{databox}} [[Fayil:Abdelbasset-abdessamad-27.jpg|thumb|Abdul-Basit Abdus-Samad]] '''Abdul-Basit Abdus-Samad'' ( Larabci: '''عبـدُ الباسِـط مُحـمّـد عبـدُ ٱلصّـمـد‎'''), ko '''Abdel Basit Abdel Sama''', ko '''Abdul Basit Muhammad Abdus Samad''' (1927 – 30 Nuwamba 1988) mai karatun [[Alqur'ani mai girma|kur’ani]] ne na [[Misra|Masar]] kuma Hafiz kuma ana daukarsa a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun masu karatun kur’ani da aka taba rayuwa. Ya lashe gasar Qira'at ta duniya sau uku a farkon shekarun 1970. 'Abdus-Samad na daya daga cikin huffaz na farko da ya fara yin faifan bidiyo na karatunsa na kasuwanci kuma shi ne shugaban kungiyar malamai na farko a kasar Masar . Shekara 10 Abdul Basit ya kammala karatun Alqur'ani.<ref name=TareqAbdulSamad>{{Citation|url=https://m.youm7.com/story/2017/5/28/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A9-2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A6/3257051|title=لقاء مع طارق عبد الباسط نجل القارئ عبد الباسط عبد الصمد|quote=ملك المغرب محمد الخامس عرض عليه الإقامة الكاملة والجنسية المغربية، فرفض وقال أنا رجل صعيدى واعتز بمصريتى.|access-date=2020-07-23|archive-date=2023-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424033927/https://www.youm7.com/story/2017/5/28/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A9-2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A6/3257051|url-status=live}}</ref> Ya kuma koyi salon karatun Alqur'ani sau 7 tun yana dan shekara 12 sannan ya koyi salo 10 da shekaru 14. The quadrumvirate of Al-Minshawy, Abdul Basit, Mustafa Ismail, and Al-Hussary, who all belong to the "Egyptian Reciting Style", are generally considered the most important and famous Qurra' of modern times to have had an outsized impact on the Islamic world.:83 : 83 Ya zo ana kiransa da Maƙoƙoƙin Zinare da Muryar Sama saboda salon sa na farin ciki, sarrafa numfashinsa, da sautin motsin rai na musamman da jan hankali. Yana da ɗa, Tareq Abd El Basit Abd El Samad, wanda kuma sanannen shehi ne a Masar; yayi hira da yawa akan rayuwar mahaifinsa da danginsa da kuma aikinsa == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad a shekara ta 1927 a kauyen Al-Maarazeh dake cikin lardin Qena (Masar). Tun yana karami ya himmatu wajen haddace alqur'ani da karatunsa. Kakansa, Sheikh Abdul Samad, ya shahara wajen haddar al-Qur'ani, kuma ya shahara da iya haddar al-Qur'ani bisa ka'idojin karatunsa (al-tajwid da al-ahkam). Mahaifinsa, Muhammad Abdul Samad, shi ma yana daya daga cikin manya-manyan karatun Al-Qur'ani kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a ma'aikatar sadarwa . Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad yana da yaya biyu, Mahmoud da [[Abdul Hamid Abdul Samad]] . Duk 'yan'uwan biyu suna haddar Al-Qur'ani ne a [[Makarantar Islamiyya|Madrasa]], sai kaninsu Abdul Basit ya shiga su yana dan shekara shida. Malam Abdul Basit ya lura da cewa matashin dalibinsa yana da saurin haddace kuma mai lura sosai da bin malaminsa da dukkan lafuzzan haruffa da tsayawa da fara matsayi. Malaminsa kuma ya lura da baiwar karatunsa da babbar murya. == Ilimi == Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad ya kammala haddar Alkur'ani yana dan shekara goma sannan ya bukaci kakansa da mahaifinsa da su ci gaba da karatunsa da karatun [[Qiraʼat|Qira'a]] . Dukansu suka amince kuma suka tura shi birnin [[Tanta]] (Lower Egypt) domin ya karanta karatun kur'ani (ulul al-qur'an wa al-qira'at) karkashin jagorancin Sheikh Muhammad Salim. Duk da cewa nisan tafiya zuwa Tanta yayi nisa sosai, matashin dalibin ya gamsu kuma ya shirya tafiya mai nisa tunda hakan zai zama muhimmin tushe ga makomarsa. Watarana kafin tafiyarsa Tanta, 'yan uwa sun ji labarin zuwan Sheikh Muhammad Salim Cibiyar Addini da ke Armant domin ya zauna a wurin a matsayin malamin Karatu. Jama'a sun karbe shi kuma sun karbe shi ta hanya mafi kyau, domin ya shahara da ilimi da iyawa a matsayinsa na malamin kur'ani. Kamar kaddara ce ta kawo wa iyalansa wannan malami a daidai lokacin. Mutanen garin sun kafa wata kungiya a Asfun Al-Matanah domin kiyaye kur’ani, domin Sheikh Muhammad Salim ya koyar da haddar Al-Qur’ani da karatunsa. Abdul Basit ya je wurinsa ya yi bitar Al-Qur'ani gaba dayansa, sannan ya haddace Al-Shatibiya, wanda shi ne nassin ilmin karatun boko guda bakwai. A lokacin da Sheikh Abdul Basit ya cika shekara goma sha biyu, bukatu sun zo daga dukkan garuruwa da kauyukan lardin Qena (Masar), musamman Asfun Al-Matanah, tare da taimakon Sheikh Muhammad Salim, wanda ya shawarci Sheikh Abdul Basit a duk inda ya je, a matsayin Sheikh. Dukan mutane sun amince da shaidar Salim. == Sana'a == Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad ya fara karatun kur'ani a hukumance a birnin Alkahira yana da shekaru 23 a duniya, a lokacin da aka gayyace shi halartar bikin maulidin Sayyida Zainab. A daren karshe na bukukuwan, an tarbi baki daga manya manyan malamai na wannan zamani wato Sheikh Abdul Fattah Al-Shashaa'i, Sheikh Mustafa Isma'il, Sheikh Abdul Azim Zahir, Sheikh Abu Al-Aynayn Sha'iisha, da sauransu. Matashin Sheikh Abdul Basit yana kokarin nemo masa wuri a cikin masu sauraren sauraren wadannan fitattun jaruman, ya gansu ya zauna da su. Bayan tsakar dare Sheikh Abdul Basit ya samu rakiyar wani daga cikin 'yan uwansa, wanda ya san jami'ai a [[Sayyida Zainab Mosque|masallacin Sayyida Zainab]] . Ya neme su izini domin shi ma Sheikh Abdul Basit ya karanta. Ya ce: "Na gabatar muku da wani mai karatu daga Upper Egypt, wanda muryarsa mai dadi da kyau, kuma zai karanta muku minti goma." A wannan lokacin masallacin ya cika gaba daya ya kare, masu sauraro suka saurari muryarsa mai ban mamaki wacce ta dauki hankulan masu saurare har ta kai ga dukkan masu halartar masallacin suna kururuwa da muryarsa "Allahu Akbar". mafi girma). A duk lokacin da Sheikh Abdul Basit ya so ya kammala karatun da “Sadaqallahul Azim” (Allah Ta’ala Ya fadi gaskiya) sai jama’a suka dage sai ya ci gaba da karantawa, ya yi kusan awa biyu sannan ya gama karatun tun da wuri. safe. Bayan wannan gogewa, Sheikh Abdul Basit ya fara tunanin neman shiga gidan rediyo a matsayin mai karatun kur’ani, amma ya ja baya da yawa saboda alakarsa da Upper Egypt, duk da haka, ya zabi ya ci gaba da karatun kur’ani. An nada Sheikh Abdul Basit a matsayin mai karatun kur’ani a gidan rediyo a shekara ta 1951. == Tafiya == [[File:Abdul_Basit_'Abd_us-Samad_with_King_Faisal.jpg|thumb|375x375px| Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad tare da [[Faisal na Saudi Arabia|Sarki Faisal bin Abdulaziz]] na Saudiyya a farkon shekarun 1970s.]] Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad ya zagaya wurare da dama, daga cikinsu akwai: * Ya tafi [[Pakistan]] kuma shugaban Pakistan ya tarbe shi a filin jirgin sama. * A shekara ta 1955, ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], inda mutane suka karbe shi a hanya mafi kyau. Masallacin ya cika makil da jama'a kuma suna wajen masallacin na tsawon kusan kilomita daya. Dandalin da ke daura da masallacin ya cika makil da musulmi fiye da kwata miliyan hudu suna sauraren Sheikh a tsaye da kafafunsu har gari ya waye. * Ya kuma tafi kasar [[Afirka ta Kudu]], kuma da isarsa jami’ai suka aika masa da ‘yan jaridun gidajen rediyo da talabijin domin yi masa tambayoyi. * Ya kuma tafi kasar [[Indiya]] domin gudanar da wani gagarumin biki na addini da daya daga cikin attajirai musulmi ya gudanar. Bayan isowarsa Sheikh Abdul Basit ya fuskanci wani yanayi mai motsa rai. Duk wadanda suka halarta suna cire takalminsu suka tsaya a kasa suka sunkuyar da kansu kasa suna kallon wurin sujjada idanunsu suka ciko da kuka suna kuka har shehin malamin ya gama karantawa idanunsa na zubar da hawaye saboda wannan hali na kaskanci. * Ya kuma yi tattaki zuwa [[Jerusalem|birnin Kudus]] da karatu a masallacin Al-Aqsa da kuma masallacin Ibrahimi da ke Hebron a kasar Falasdinu da na Umayyawa da ke Damascus da kuma fitattun masallatai a Asiya da Afirka da Amurka da Faransa da kuma Landan. == Girmamawa da kyaututtuka == Ta hanyar tafiye-tafiyen da Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdul Samad ya yi a duniya, ya samu karramawa da yabo mai tarin yawa. * A cikin 1956, Siriya ta girmama shi kuma ta ba shi lambar yabo. Ya samu lambar yabo ta Cedar daga Lebanon, da lambar zinare daga Malaysia, lambar yabo daga Senegal, da wata lambar yabo daga Morocco. * Medal daga Firayim Ministan Siriya a 1959. * Medal daga Firayim Ministan Malaysia a 1965. * Odar karramawa daga shugaban Senegal a 1975. * Kyautar Golden Medal daga Pakistan a 1980. * Umarnin Malamai daga Shugaban Pakistan Zia-ul-Haq a 1984. * Lambar yabo ta gidan rediyon Masar a cika shekaru hamsin da kafuwa. * Umarnin karramawa daga tsohon shugaban kasar Masar Hosni Mubarak a lokacin bikin ranar masu wa'azi a shekarar 1987. * A shekarar 1990, ya samu karramawa ta karshe bayan tafiyarsa daga tsohon shugaban kasar Mohamed Hosni Mubarak a bikin Laylat al-Qadr. == Rashin lafiya da mutuwa == Ya sha fama da matsalolin ciwon sukari daga baya a rayuwarsa, amma matsalolin hanta sun zo daidai da ciwon sukari, kuma ya kasa yaƙar waɗannan yanayi guda biyu tare. Ya kamu da cutar hanta kasa da wata guda kafin rasuwarsa. An kwantar da shi a asibiti amma lafiyarsa ta kara tabarbarewa. Hakan ya sa 'ya'yansa da likitoci suka ba shi shawarar ya tafi Landan don neman magani, inda ya zauna tsawon mako guda. Yana tare da dansa Tariq, wanda ya nemi a mayar da shi Masar.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2022}} Ya rasu ne a ranar Laraba, 30 ga watan Nuwamba, 1988, kuma jana'izar sa ta kasance ta kasa da hukuma a matakin kananan hukumomi da na duniya baki daya. Wadanda suka halarci jana'izarsa sun hada da jakadun kasashe daban-daban, da sarakuna da shugabannin kasashe. Ya rasu ya bar ‘ya’yansa maza, wato daga babba zuwa karami, Yasir, Hisham da Tariq. Yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Yasir kuma ya zama Qari . A shekara ta 2006, an bude wani masallaci a kauyensu na Armant a [[Luxor]], Kudancin Masar, da sunansa. == Nassoshi == * [http://www.assajda.com/en/abdelbasset-abdessamad-2.html Abdul Baset Biography] at ''assajda.com'' * [http://quran-e-majeed.com/quran-audio/qari-abdul-basit-abdul-samad/index.html Abdul-Basit Abdus-Samad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026193109/http://quran-e-majeed.com/quran-audio/qari-abdul-basit-abdul-samad/index.html |date=2015-10-26 }} Archived </link> a ''quran-e-majeed.com'' * {{YouTube|yGxSudvCxgg|Azaan (Call to Prayer) by Abdul Basit}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1927]] [[Category:Musulmai]] [[Category:Masar]] [[Category:Makaranta]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6r510ileqbbiby1k64qd7wvmz3jvqhw 0 69084 547675 527585 2024-11-28T19:12:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:The Nigerian Head Gear (Gele) 01.jpg|thumb|the head]] '''''Chetanna''''' Fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na 2014 wanda [[Ikechukwu Onyeka]] ya jagoranta kuma [[Chigozie Atuanya]] ya samar da shi. == Tarihi == {{Fassara}} ''Chetanna'' is an [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo language]] film shot in [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu State]], [[Yankin Kudancin Najeriya|Southern Nigeria]]. It was screened at the 2014 World Igbo Festival of Arts and Cultureat the Frontiers Cultural Museum in Staunton, Virginia [[Tarayyar Amurka|U.S]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201408251546.html|title=Nigeria: Chetanna Blues for Igbo in Diaspora|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Newspaper]]|author=Shaibu Husseini|date=24 August 2014|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> Upon the premiering of ''Chetanna'' on October 11, 2014 at the Igbo Catholic Community Centre, [[Houston]], the film became the first Igbo language film to be premiered in the United States. It also toured and premiered in five cities in [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] including [[Awka]], [[Aba]], [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]], [[Owerri]] and [[Umuahia]]. [[Fayil:The Nigerian Head Gear (Gele) 03.jpg|thumb|''Chetanna'']] [[Fayil:The Nigerian Head Gear (Gele) 02.jpg|thumb|''Chetanna'']] Bayan da aka saki shi, an karɓi ''Chetanna'' da kyau. Chido Nwangwu ''Amurka Afirka'' ya yaba wa Chigozie Atuanya don inganta harshen Igbo ta hanyar fim din, ya kara da cewa: "Fim din ''Chetanna'' muhimmiyar gudummawa ce ga batun "haɗuwa" harshen Igbo; biyo baya a cikin fim din Igbo mai ban sha'awa, Living in Bondage".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/12/anambra-to-witness-1st-movie-premiere-as-igbo-movie-chetanna-drops/|title=Anambra to witness 1st movie premiere as Igbo movie, 'Chetanna' drops|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|date=10 December 2015|accessdate=22 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316233429/http://thenet.ng/2015/12/anambra-to-witness-1st-movie-premiere-as-igbo-movie-chetanna-drops/|archive-date=16 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/chetanna-chigozie-atuanyas-movie-wins-best-indigenous-film-id3232472.html|title='Chetanna': Chigozie Atuanya's Movie Wins Best Indigenous Film|author=Chidumga Izuzu|date=14 November 2014|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=22 May 2016|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624070126/http://pulse.ng/movies/chetanna-chigozie-atuanyas-movie-wins-best-indigenous-film-id3232472.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo == * Chigozie Atuanya * [[Queen Nwokoye|Sarauniya Nwokoye]] * [[Ebube Nwagbo]] * [[Ebele Okaro]]<ref name="usa">{{cite news|url=http://usafricaonline.com/2014/10/13/usafrica-nollywood-star-chigozie-atuanyas-versatile-skills-shine-alongside-ebube-nwagbo-queen-nwokoye-chetanna-movie-premiere-usa-chido-nwangwu/|title=USAfrica: Nollywood star Chigozie Atuanya's versatile skills shine alongside Ebube Nwagbo, Queen Nwokoye in "Chetanna" movie premiere in USA|author=Chido Nwangwu|work=USAfrica|date=13 October 2014|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class ="wikitable" |- !Shekara !Biki !Kyuta !Sakamako !Madogara |- |2014 |[[2014 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards]] |Best Indigenous Movie |{{won}} | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/entertainment/388866/chetanna-bags-best-indigenous-movie-award-giama|title=Chetanna Bags Best Indigenous Movie Award At GIAMA - Nigerian News from Leadership News|work=Nigerian News from Leadership News|accessdate=22 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601103600/http://leadership.ng/entertainment/388866/chetanna-bags-best-indigenous-movie-award-giama|archive-date=1 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |rowspan="2"|2015 |2015 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Use of Nigerian Food in a Movie |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigerianentertainment.com/2015/12/14/2015-best-of-nollywood-bon-awards-full-list-of-winners/|title=2015 BON Awards -Best of Nollywood Full List of Winners|author=|date=|work=Nigerian Entertainment Official|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> |- |[[11th Africa Movie Academy Awards]] |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film in an African Language|Best Film in African Language]] |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hintsmagazineonline.com/chetanna-october-1-for-amaa-2015-see-full-list/|title=Chetanna, October 1, For AMAA 2015, See Full list|author=|date=24 June 2015|work=Hints Magazine International|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|tt5466440|Chetanna}} [[Category:Fim]] 1rnakjtjaeqg87mwwjokj984h4rm4pz 0 69138 548032 372617 2024-11-28T23:42:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kwana 30 a Atlanta''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa na barkwancin soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 wanda Patrick "Koinage" Nnamani ya rubuta,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Conversation with Patrick "Koinage" Nnamani by Insiders' view of the African film industry |url=https://anchor.fm/pavillonafriques/episodes/Conversation-with-Patrick-Koinage-Nnamani-e1dn611 |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Anchor |language=en}}</ref> wanda [[Ayo Makun]] ya shirya kuma Robert Peters ne ya ba da umarni. <ref>{{cite web|title=AY shoots first movie '30 days in Atlanta' featuring Vivica Fox|url=http://kokoma360.com/ay-shoots-first-movie/|publisher=Kokoma 360|access-date=5 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905191105/http://kokoma360.com/ay-shoots-first-movie/|archive-date=5 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> An dauki fim din a wurare biyu a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] da [[Atlanta]] (Amurka ta Amurka). An fara haska shi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, na shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=Watch Lynn Whitfield & Vivica Fox in Trailer for Nigerian-Produced '30 Days in Atlanta' (The Plight of the Black Actress)|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/watch-lynn-whitfield-vivica-foxx-in-trailer-for-nigerian-produced-30-days-in-atlanta-20140819|publisher=indieWire|access-date=5 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905165336/http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/watch-lynn-whitfield-vivica-foxx-in-trailer-for-nigerian-produced-30-days-in-atlanta-20140819|archive-date=5 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> An gane shi a matsayin [[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya da suka fi kawo kudi|fim mafi girma]] a kowane lokaci a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a cikin shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015, <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.360nobs.com/2015/01/ays-30-days-in-atlanta-bags-highest-grossing-nigeria-movie-of-all-time/ | title=AY's '30 Days In Atlanta ' Bags Highest Grossing Nigeria Movie Of All Time AY's '30 Days In Atlanta ' Bags Highest Grossing Nigeria Movie Of All Time | publisher=360nobs.com | date=20 January 2015 | access-date=22 January 2015 | archive-date=2 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002231713/http://360nobs.com/2015/01/ays-30-days-in-atlanta-bags-highest-grossing-nigeria-movie-of-all-time/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/30-days-in-atlanta-movie-breaks-box-office-record-grosses-n76m-id3359320.html | title=Movie breaks box office record, grosses N76M | publisher=pulse.ng | access-date=26 December 2014 | archive-date=12 May 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512201444/http://pulse.ng/movies/30-days-in-atlanta-movie-breaks-box-office-record-grosses-n76m-id3359320.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/12/photos-comedian-ays-30-days-in-atlanta-breaks-nollywood-box-office-record.html | title=Photos: Comedian AY's '30 DAYS IN ATLANTA' Breaks Nollywood Box Office Record | date=20 December 2014 | publisher=informationng.com | access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://encomium.ng/amazing-success-of-30-days-in-atlanta-thrills-ay-how-the-movie-grossed-n76-million-in-42-days/ | title=Amazing success of 30 Days in Atlanta thrills AY -How the movie grossed N76 million in 42 days! | date=23 December 2014 | publisher=encomium.ng | access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> ko da yake fim din ya haɗu da wasu ra'ayoyi masu mahimmanci. == Makirci == Akpos ya yi nasarar tafiya ta tsawon wata guda zuwa [[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] kuma ya gayyaci ɗan uwansa Richard ya zo tare. Da isar su, suka ci karo da tsohon abokinsu Okiemute, wanda ya kai su wajen cin abinci. Akpos ya haɗu da kyakkyawar Kimberly kuma yana son ya tambaye ta, amma Okiemute ya gargaɗe shi cewa mahaifin Kimberly yana da iko sosai. Kimberly, Akpos, da Richard sun sake cin karo da juna a wani taron kare muhalli, inda Akpos ya yi wasu kalamai masu ban dariya. Kimberly, duk da haka, ya fi sha'awar Richard. Ta ba Richard lambar wayarta kuma suka tafi daidai lokacin mahaifinta, mai gidan abinci Odiye, ya zo. Richard ya koma gidan cin abinci don tsammanin ziyarar Kimberly, amma Akpos ya nuna ba tare da annabta ba. Kimberly ta gaya wa Akpos mahaifinta ya ji daɗin maganganunsa a taron kuma yana son ba shi kwangilar wasan barkwanci. Komawa gida ta tasi, Richard ya gane cewa ya bar jakarsa a baya. Da direban ya gano ba za su iya biyan kudin ba, sai ya kore su daga cikin taksi. Kimberly da Odiye sun ba su motar komawa gidan Odiye, inda suka haɗu da dangi, da kuma lauyan shige da fice na Odiye, Clara. Akpos da Clara sun fara dangantaka ta soyayya. A kan kiran Skype tare da iyayensa, Richard ya fahimci cewa tsohuwar budurwarsa Ese tana shirye-shiryen bikin aure. Yana ƙoƙari ya shawo kan mahaifiyarsa cewa sun ƙare dangantakarsu kuma ya ambaci Kimberly. Richard ya gabatar da Kimberly ga iyayensa, amma mahaifiyarsa ta dage cewa ya kamata ya auri Ese. Ese yayi ƙoƙarin shawo kan Kimberly cewa Richard kawai zai bata mata rai. Ese yana nuna hotunan Kimberly na kusa da ita tare da Richard. Kimberly tayi ajiyar zuciya ta kori daga gidan cikin kuka. Akpos ya shiga cikin cacar kan titi ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma an kama shi. Clara ta ziyarce shi a kurkuku kuma ta yarda ta wakilce shi. An gano cewa Akpos ya karya bizarsa, lamarin da ya sa shari’arsa ta tsananta kuma doka ce za ta hukunta shi. A kotu, alkalin ya amince cewa jimillar kudaden shigar da Akpos ya samu za su isa a matsayin diyya na karya doka da biza idan aka bayar da kudin ga kungiyoyin agaji karkashin kulawa. Don kauce wa ƙarin cin zarafi, Clara ta kai shi gidanta, inda su biyu suka ci abincin dare, sannan kuma jima'i. Daga baya, Clara ta ji Akpos ta wayar tarho, yana nuna cewa dangantakarsa da ita za ta saukaka masa koren katin da zama dan Amurka. Clara ta fusata cewa Akpos na iya amfani da damar da take da shi kuma ta kori Akpos daga gidanta. Richard ya yi ƙoƙarin gyara dangantakarsa da Kimberly, amma Odiye ya umarce shi da ya bar diyarsa ita kaɗai, yana mai bayyana mummunan hoton da yawancin samarin Najeriya ke nunawa ga yammacin duniya. Richard yayi gardama da Ese game da katsalandan da ta yi a dangantakarsa da Kimberly. Akpos ba da son rai ya ba da gudummawar abin da yake samu ga sadaka. A filin jirgin sama, yayin da mutanen ke shirin shiga jirginsu na komawa Najeriya, sun yi mamakin ganin Kimberly da Clara da dukansu suka yanke shawarar komawa Najeriya don saduwa da 'yan uwansu. == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Ayo Makun]] as Akpors * [[Ramsey Nouah]] ya fito a matsayin Richard * [[Richard Mofe-Damijo|Richard Mofe Damij]] ya fito a matsayin Odiye * [[Desmond Elliot]] a matsayin Okiemute * Kesse Jabari ya fito a matsayin Wilson * Vivica A. Fox a matsayin matar Wilson * Lynn Whitfield a matsayin lauyan shige da fice na Odiye, Clara * Karlie Redd a matsayin Kimberly * [[Majid Michel]] ya fito a matsayin Adetola Briggs * [[Omoni Oboli]] * [[Rachel Oniga|Racheal Oniga]] a matsayin mahaifiyar Richard * [[Mercy Johnson]] a matsayin Esse * [[Ada Ameh]] ya fito a matsayin Akpors Mum * [[Yemi Blaq]] * [[Juliet Ibrahim]] a matsayin matar Adetola * Ifedayo Olarinde a matsayin Daskarewa == liyafar == === Mahimman liyafar === Fim ɗin ya sami karɓuwa daga jama'a gabaɗaya, amma an gana da shi tare da gauraye da sharhi mara kyau. Yawancin masu suka sun lura cewa wasan kwaikwayo na fim ɗin ya cika da clichés da stereotypes, kuma cewa fim ɗin ya zama kamar sake yin ''[[Osuofia in London|Osuofia a London]]'' (2003), da ''[[Jenifa]]'' franchise, ko kuma wani nau'i na biyu. ''Hukumar tace finafinai ta Nollywood Reinvented'' ta ba da maki kashi 24%, yana mai sharhi: "Tsawon fim ɗin kusan awa 2hrs, ana yin barkwanci a kowane bangare na akalla sa'a ta farko da rabi. Amma a nan ne girman fim ɗin ya fara kuma Ƙarshe. Babu wani asali ko yunƙurin sanya shi ƙasa da tsinkaya." ''Jaridar Daily Independent'' ta yi sharhi cewa wasan barkwancin da ke cikin fim din yana cike da zage-zage da ra'ayoyi, amma labari mai kyau ya fito daga karshe. A karshe ya ce "shi [Ayo Makun] ya aiko da sako mai karfi da wannan kokarin cewa za a iya yin fim din barkwanci mai inganci". Wilfred Okiche na ''[[YNaija]]'' ya ba da misali da cewa fim din yana da "kurakurai na yin fim da kuma kura-kurai na samarwa", amma ya yarda cewa fim din yana da ban dariya. Ya ce Ayo Makun ba “a rounded actor” ba ne, ya kira fim ɗin matasan ''[[Osuofia in London|Osuofia a Landan]]'' (2003) da ''The Return of [[Jenifa]]'' (2011), sannan ya ƙarasa da cewa: “… jerin zane-zane da abubuwan da suka faru sun haɗa tare don shirya fim. Tafiya tana motsawa da iska.{{Sic}} ya isa ya ɓoye rashin ingantaccen labari amma bai yi kadan ba don ɓoye rashi tare da ci gaba yayin da al'amuran ke ci karo da surutu. Barkwancin zinari ne—ko da yake sun gaza ba mamaki kawai lokacin da yunƙurin AY suka tashi. ''Kwanaki 30 a Atlanta'' abin ban dariya ne, amma ba a yi shi da kyau ba." Mujallar ''Woman a yau'' ta ba fim ɗin 3 cikin taurari 5, inda ta yi sharhi: "Ayyukan da aka fara farawa sun kasance masu ban sha'awa, ana iya faɗi kuma sun tuna mini da yawa game da ''Osuofia a Landan'' . Duk da haka, da zarar mun wuce wannan lokaci, fim din ya kasance mai ban dariya. Babatunde Lasaki a kan ''360Nobs'' ya bayar da taurari 6 cikin 10 kuma ya yi sharhi: "Wani labari da aka saba sake maimaita shi cikin yanayin ban dariya da ba a saba gani ba. Tabbas ba mai yin takara don ƙirƙira ko dabara ba, amma zan faɗi jin daɗin ban dariya daga yawancin abubuwan da aka yi na shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014. ''Kwanaki 30 a Atlanta'' fim ne mai kyau, ba dole ba ne a gani, amma tabbas yana da darajar sa'o'i biyu na nishaɗin ban dariya. Obehi Bassey na ''True Nollywood Stories'' ya bayyana cewa basirar wasan kwaikwayo Ayo Makun ba ta wanzu, ya ce fim ɗin ba shi da buƙatuwa, amma ya ƙarasa da cewa: “ ''Kwanaki 30 a Atlanta'' ya rage fim ɗin da ya kamata a gani. Nishaɗi daga tafiya, ba ya barin. Wasan barkwanci ne mai ban dariya ba tare da ban haushi da ban dariya ba. Plus yana da wasu abubuwan da ba za a manta da su ba Kemi Filani ta yi sharhi: "idan kuna cikin mummunan rana kuma kuna buƙatar wani abu don tashi ku rayu, ''30 Days in Atlanta'' shine fim ɗin ku….{{Sic}} ''sic'' &#x5D; godiya ga comedian AY." === Ofishin tikitoci === ''Kwanaki 30 a Atlanta'' sun ci gaba da karya duk bayanan ofisoshin akwatin na shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014. == Kyauta == Fim ɗin ya karɓi 10 gabatarwa a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards . == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 2014 * Kwanaki 30 a China == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ed49hcfav05g9u9y59amd0bt2hzetvd 0 69317 548042 502655 2024-11-29T00:26:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ndebe.jpg|thumb|Lotanna film]] [[Fayil:Ndebe.jpg|thumb|Hoton ndebe]] '''''Lotanna''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Najeriya na 2017, wanda [[Toka McBaror]] ya jagoranta. Tauraron fim din Chris Okagbue a matsayin mai taken. Fim din ya fito ne a duniya a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 2017 a Eko Hotel and Suites, Legas, Najeriya. Naeto C da Praiz ne suka yi sauti na asali na fim din, kuma masu sukar fim sun karɓa sosai a matsayin babban batu a cikin fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |title=Somkhele Iyamah, Adesua Etomi, Adunni Ade attend old school themed premiere |date=April 9, 2017 |website=Pulse |access-date=2018-02-16 |archive-date=2018-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194757/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ƴan wasan== * [[Liz Benson]] a matsayin Efya * [[Jide Kosoko]] a matsayin Benson * Ama Abebrese a matsayin Zara * Victor Olaotan a matsayin Manny * Victor Decker a matsayin Don Clef * [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]] a matsayin Faraday Ojukwu * Chris Okagbue a matsayin Lotanna * Chris Attoh a matsayin Kojo * Meg Otanwa a matsayin Mama Clara == Abubuwan da shirin ya kunsa == == Karɓuwa == Akinseye don Vanguard, ya yaba da sauti, daukar hoto da kayan ado amma ya ji labarin, jagorantar, wasan kwaikwayo, gyare-gyare da tasirin na musamman sun kasance a ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/movie-review-hits-misses-toka-mcbarors-lotanna/ |title=Movie Review: Hits and Misses of Toka Mcbaror’s Lotanna |last=Akinseye |first=Isaballa |date=April 23, 2017 |website=Vanguard |access-date=2018-02-16}}</ref>Ya sami ƙimar 58% daga Nollywood Reinvented, wanda ya ba da yarjejeniya ta gaba ɗaya cewa "A matakin da ya dace, ''Lotanna'' fim ne mai kyau amma ga abin da zai iya zama, bai taɓa samun wannan ba". ba da shawarar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fina-finai goma da za a kalli ta The Cable . [1] Wilfred Okiche 360nobs ya burge shi da sake farfadowa na shekarun 1970s a cikin fim din, amma harshe na jiki na "Lotanna" da "Zara", da kuma wasan kwaikwayon "manyan sunaye", ya kammala bita ta hanyar bayyana kwarewar fim din a matsayin "wanda za'a iya mantawa da shi gaba ɗaya".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.360nobs.com/2017/06/film-review-lotanna/ |title=Film Review: Lotanna |website=360nobs |access-date=2018-02-17 |archive-date=2017-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922174820/https://www.360nobs.com/2017/06/film-review-lotanna/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2017 == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|2610732}} [[Category:Fim]] muz5qdkkvuxp41bv4p6wni3idf24h4t 0 69452 548095 374133 2024-11-29T05:13:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Taste of Love''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo wanda akai a Nigerian telenovela a shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014, wanda [[Glo (kamfani)|Globacom]] ya rubuta kuma aka watsa a Africa Magic da [[Ƙungiyar Silverbird|STV]] . A lokacin da aka sake shi, an ba da rahoton cewa ita ce wayar salula ta farko ta Najeriya. Cikakkun lokacin ya ƙunshi sassa 150 waɗanda suka fara watsawa a cikin Oktoba 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/taste-of-love-behind-the-scenes-of-nigerias-first-telenovela-id3238327.html |title=Behind-the-Scenes of Nigeria's First Telenovela |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=31 October 2014 |website=Pulse |access-date=2017-12-25 |archive-date=2022-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122124935/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/taste-of-love-behind-the-scenes-of-nigerias-first-telenovela-id3238327.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == Jerin ya ta'allaka ne kan alakar da ke tsakanin iyalan Musa-Phillips, Pepples da Rhodes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/first-nigerian-telenovela-underway/ |title=First Nigerian telenovela underway |last=reporter |date=11 August 2014 |website=The Nation |access-date=2017-12-25}}</ref> == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * Blossom Chukwujekwu as Kelechi Pepple * Makida Moka as Hadiza Musa-Philips * [[Ini Dima-Okojie|Ina Dima-Okojie]] * [[Lilian Esoro]] * [[Gabriel Afolayan]] * [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] == liyafar == Domin rawar da suka taka a matsayin "Hadiza" da "Kelechi", Makida Moka da Blossom sun sami "yar wasan talabijin na bana" da "yar wasan talabijin na shekara" a cikin 2015 Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards . Hakanan an zaɓi jerin ''jerin shirye-shiryen TV na nau'in shekara'', amma an rasa zuwa ''Super Labari'' . == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2a97rdqja61wi5w24wni8i7eyoufd42 0 69510 548015 436894 2024-11-28T23:03:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Kalybose in China''''' fim ne na ban dariya na ƙasar Ghana wanda babban jarumi Kalybose zai yi komai don ƙaunarsa ta gaskiya, Ahuofe Partri. Kalybose ya tafi China don samun ƙarin kuɗi. Wani mai haɗin gwiwa ne ke taimaka masa tare da samun bayanan da ake buƙata don tafiya can.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mawuli |first1=David |title=Movie starring Kalybos, John Dumelo, Ahouf3 Patri, others hits market June 15 |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/kalybos-in-china-movie-starring-kalybos-john-dumelo-ahouf3-patri-others-hits-market-june-15-id5103750.html |website=pulse.com.gh |date=2 June 2016 |publisher=David Mawuli |accessdate=10 November 2018 |archive-date=10 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110120055/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/kalybos-in-china-movie-starring-kalybos-john-dumelo-ahouf3-patri-others-hits-market-june-15-id5103750.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Yan wasan kwaikwayo == * Richard Asante (Kalybos) * Priscilla Agyemang (Ahuofe Patri) * Christabel Ekeh * [[David Dontoh]] * Mikki Osei Berko * Nikki Samona * John Dumelo == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category: Fim]] l6loimqm5z5si6vbh3qvb995x7nvja0 0 69519 548078 385208 2024-11-29T03:44:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Potato Potahto''' fim ne na barkwanci na soyayya na kasashen Ghana da Najeriya na shekarar 2017 wanda ke ba da labarin sakin aure a yammacin Afirka.<ref>{{Citation|last=Genesis CINEMA|title=POTATO POTAHTO - Latest Nigerian Nollywood Cinema Movie|date=2017-11-05|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gYcgsE8kp4|access-date=2018-11-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/review-of-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-id7630118.html|title="Potato Potahto" is an anomaly; a comedy about divorce|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-11-16|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116085943/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/review-of-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-id7630118.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Makirci == Potato Potahto wani fim ne na barkwanci tsakanin Ghana da Najeriya, wanda ya biyo bayan rayuwar wasu ma'auratan da aka tilasta musu zama tare a gida ɗaya bayan rabuwar aure.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zindcy |first1=Gracia |title=Top 10 Best Ghanaian Movies You Must Watch Right Now! |url=https://yen.com.gh/104934-top-10-best-ghanaian-movies-you-must-watch-right-now.html |website=Yen Ghana |accessdate=1 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Chibumga |first1=Izuzu |title="Potato Potahto" is an anomaly; a comedy about divorce |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pulse-movie-review-potato-potahto-is-an-anomaly-a-comedy-about-divorce/hf4d9pd |website=Pulse Nigeria |accessdate=2 October 2020}}</ref> == Shiryawa == Fim ɗin haɗin gwiwa ne na kamfanonin Najeriya Ascend Studios, 19 April Entertainment Virgo Sun Ltd da Lufodo Productions kuma mai shirya fina-finan Ghana, Shirley Frimpong-Manso ne ya ba da Umarni shirin. Ya ba da labarin abubuwa masu ban haushi da ke faruwa sa’ad da ma’auratan da suka rabu suka zauna tare a gidan aure, kowannensu yana samun taimakon matasa masu ban sha’awa daga kishiyoyi. An ɗauki fim din ne a cikin tsawon makonni biyu, tare da kokarin hadin gwiwa daga masu shirya fina-finai na Sweden, Faransa, Birtaniya, Najeriya da Ghana. == Yan wasan kwaikwayo == * ''Joselyn Dumas'' * ''Chris Attoh'' * ''Adjetey Anang'' * ''[[Nikoletta Samonas|Nikki Samona]]'' * ''Victoria Michaels'' * ''Blossom Chukwujekwu'' * ''[[Kemi Lala Akindoju]]'' * ''[[Joke Silva|Barci Silva]]'' * ''[[OC Ukeje]]'' == Tsokaci == Potato Potahto ya samu karɓuwa daga jama'a, saboda nasarar da Shirley Frimpong-Manso ya samu a baya. Masu amfani da fim ɗin sun bashi kashi 7.9 akan Nollywood Reinvented. An nuna shirin a bukukuwan Cannes Film Festival, Durban International Film Festival da Birtaniyya Film Festival. Fim ɗin ya kuma fito a matsayin wani ɓangare na zabubbukan da za a yi a bikin Fina-finan Afirka daga ranar 27 ga Oktoba zuwa 5 ga Nuwamba. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, an ɗora fim ɗin a hukumance acikin kundin fina-finai akan dandalin [[Netflix]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso’s 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html |website=Graphic Showbiz |accessdate=2 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Julitta |first1=Ggagbo |title=Shirley Frimpong Manso’s "Potato Potahto" Is Showing On Netflix |url=https://kuulpeeps.com/2019/12/15/shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-is-showing-on-netflix/news |website=Kuul Peeps |accessdate=2 October 2020}}</ref> == Kyautuka da lambar yabo== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%" |+Complete list of awards |- ! Kyauta !! Iri !! Recipients and nominees !! Sakamako !! Madogara |- | rowspan=5|Toronto Nollywood International Film Festival | Best Feature Film (Nollywood) | Potato Potahto | {{won}} | rowspan=5|<ref>{{cite web |title=Potato Potahto Premieres at the Chelsea Film Festival - Bags 4 Awards at the Toronto Nollywood International Film Festival |url=http://www.wildflowerpr.com/potato-potahto-premieres-chelsea-film-festival-bags-4-awards-toronto-nollywood-international-film-festival/ |website=Wild Flower |accessdate=2 October 2020}}</ref> |- | Best Costume | Potato Potahto | {{won}} |- | Special Jury Awards for Best Actor | [[OC Ukeje]] | {{won}} |- | Best Actor in a Supporting Role (English) | [[Chris Attoh]] | {{nom}} |- | Best Actress | [[Joselyn Dumas]] | {{won}} |- | rowspan=6|Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards | Best Actor in a Comedy | [[OC Ukeje]] | {{nom}} | rowspan=6|<ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards: Shirley Frimpong-Manso’s POTATO POTAHTO Keeps Ghana Afloat |url=https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/06/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/ |website=Enews Ghana |accessdate=2 October 2020 |archive-date=9 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009231222/https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/06/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | Best Cinematography | Kwame Amuah | {{nom}} |- | Best Movie West Africa | Potato Potahto | {{nom}} |- | Best Director | [[Shirley Frimpong-Manso]] | {{nom}} |- | Best Overall Movie | Potato Potahto | {{nom}} |- | Best Costume Designer Movie or TV Series | Christie Brown | {{nom}} |- | Africa Movie Academy Award | Best Actress in a Supporting Role | [[Joke Silva]] | {{won}} | |- |} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category: Fim]] 7hm6597nunnnuoie2hujiok8v2fynka 0 69540 548100 385635 2024-11-29T05:23:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''The Ghost and the Tout''''' wanda aka fi sani da Ghost and the tout fim ne na fatalwa [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] na 2018, wanda Charles Uwagbai ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din Sambasa Nzeribe, [[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Ibrahim]], [[Rachael Okonkwo]] da [[Omowumi Dada]] a cikin manyan matsayi. din fito ne a wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya a ranar 11 ga Mayu 2018 kuma ya sami kyakkyawan bita daga masu sukar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-ghost-and-the-tout-watch-toyin-aimakhu-chioma-chukwuka-chiwetalu-agu-sambasa/vv2h6rf|title=Watch Toyin Aimakhu, Chioma Chukwuka, Chiwetalu Agu, Sambasa Nzeribe in trailer|date=2018-04-10|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-29|archive-date=2020-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028183810/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-ghost-and-the-tout-watch-toyin-aimakhu-chioma-chukwuka-chiwetalu-agu-sambasa/vv2h6rf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ogefash.reviews/2019/05/20/synopsis-throwback-movie-the-ghost-and-the-tout/|title=(+SYNOPSIS) THROWBACK MOVIE: THE GHOST AND THE TOUT|last=Styl|first=Ogefash's|date=2019-05-20|website=OGEFASH PHOTO BLOG: Reviews, Music Translations, Movies, Event Coverage & More|language=en|access-date=2019-10-29}}</ref> Fim din ya zama babban nasarar ofishin jakadancin da ya samu miliyan 30 a cikin mako guda kuma ya kasance fim na biyar mafi girma a Najeriya a shekarar 2018. Fim din har yanzu yana cikin matsayi na 25 a cikin [[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya da suka fi kawo kudi|jerin fina-finai mafi girma a Najeriya]]. Fim din yana gudana a kan [[Netflix]]. == Labarin fim== Makircin fim din ya kewaye da wata budurwa daga ghetto da ake kira Israel (Toyin Abraham). Ta gamu da wani fatalwa mai suna Mike (Sambasa Nzeribe), wanda ke buƙatar taimakon ta don sadarwa tare da mutanen da ya bar a baya. A buƙatar fatalwa, ta zama mai rikitarwa da rikicewa wajen warware asirin kisan kai kuma rayuwarta ta ɗauki canji mai ban sha'awa. Ita kawai ta san kuma ta fahimci abin da zai faru a nan gaba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myfilmhouse.ng/watch-online/the-ghost-and-the-tout|title=MYFILMHOUSE|website=myfilmhouse.ng|language=en|access-date=2019-10-29}}</ref> == Ƴan wasan== * Sambasa Nzeribe a matsayin fatalwa (Mike) * [[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Ibrahim]] a matsayin Isra * [[Rachael Okonkwo]] * [[Ronke Ojo]] * [[Chioma Chukwuka]] * [[Lasisi Elenu]] * [[Chigul|Chioma Omeruah]] * [[Dele Odule]] * Chiwet Agualu * [[Femi Adebayo]] * [[Omowumi Dada]] * Gimbiya Oyebo * [[Bayray McNwizu]] * [[Jumoke George]] == Ofishin akwatin == The Ghost And The Tout ya tara miliyan 30 bayan mako 1 a cikin fina-finai da miliyan 77 gabaɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bada |first=Gbenga |date=2019-01-08 |title=10 highest grossing Nollywood movies in cinemas in 2018 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/10-highest-grossing-nollywood-movies-in-cinemas-in-2018/fpgtzdf |access-date=2022-08-05 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> == Sakamakon == sake fitowa, The Ghost And The Tout Too a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2021 kuma an fara shi a [[Netflix]] a ranar 15 ga Yuli, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-27 |title=Netflix announces movies for July |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/arts-2/netflix-announces-movies-for-july/ |access-date=2022-08-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720092824/https://editor.guardian.ng/arts-2/netflix-announces-movies-for-july/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Iwalaiye |first=Temi |date=2021-09-07 |title=Best looks from 'The Ghost and the Tout Too' premiere |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/best-looks-from-the-ghost-and-the-tout-too-premiere/7pdw3lr |access-date=2022-08-05 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|11802938}} 3k1jxszq9rgq7bfewz8is1fvdavbpec 0 69798 547989 375713 2024-11-28T22:44:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Wannan jerin fina-finai ne na Najeriya da aka shirya don fitowa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin '''2017'''. == 2017 == === Janairu-Maris === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Budewa ! style="width:20%;" |Taken ! style="width:10%;" |Daraktan !Masu ba da labari ! style="width:13%" |Irin wannan ! style="width:20%" |Nazarin !Tabbacin. |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:green; textcolor:#000;" |'''Ranar Fabrairu<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |10 |''[[The Royal Hibiscus Hotel|Otal din Royal Hibiscus]]'' |[[Ishaya Bako]] |[[Zainab Balogun]]<br />Kenneth Okolie<br />[[Deyemi Okanlawon]]<br />[[Joke Silva]]<br />[[Olu Jacobs|Olu Yakubu]]<br />[[Jide Kosoko]] |Fim din ban dariya |Fim din EbonyLife | |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |24 |''[[American driver|Direban Amurka]]'' |[[Moses Inwang|Musa Inwang]] |Evan King[[Jim Iyke]] Ikpe Etim[[Ayo Makun]] Nyra[[Nadia Buari]]<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> |Fim din ban dariya |Fim din Sneeze |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/post/the-royal-hibiscus-hotel-ishaya-bako-tiff-2017/|title='The Royal Hibiscus Hotel'|author=Chelsea Phillips-Carr|publisher=Pop Matters|date=18 September 2016}}</ref> |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:orange; textcolor:#000;" |'''MARCH<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |23 |''Sudan daga Najeriya'' |Zakariya |Soubin Shahir<br />Samuel Abiola Robinson<br /> |Wasan kwaikwayo da Wasan kwaikwayo |Nishaɗi na E4 | |- |} === Afrilu-Yuni === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Budewa ! style="width:20%;" |Taken ! style="width:10%;" |Daraktan !Masu ba da labari ! style="width:13%" |Irin wannan ! style="width:20%" |Nazarin !Tabbacin. |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:orange; textcolor:#000;" |'''Rashin Rashin Ruwa<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |2 |''[[Sobi's Mystic]]'' |[[Biodun Stephen]] |[[Bolaji Ogunmola]] RemiMofe Duncan<br /><br /> |Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya |ShutterSpeed Ayyuka | |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |8 |''[[Lotanna]]'' |[[Toka McBaror]] |[[Liz Benson]] OlaotanChris OkagbueAma Abebrese<br /><br /><br />[[Ama Abebrese|Ka so Abebrese]] |Wasan kwaikwayo |ɗakin ado |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |title=Somkhele Iyamah, Adesua Etomi, Adunni Ade attend old school themed premiere |date=9 April 2017 |website=Pulse |access-date=16 February 2018 |archive-date=16 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194757/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lotanna-somkhele-iyamah-adesua-etomi-adunni-ade-attend-old-school-themed-premiere-id6503121.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:orange; textcolor:#000;" |'''Ruwa<br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |16 |''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' |Jadesola Osiberu |[[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] Joseph Benjamin[[Funke Akindele]] Rhys<br /><br /><br />Marc Rhys |Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya |Silverbird Rarraba Fim<br /><br /><br /> | |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |17 |''[[10 Days in Sun City|Kwanaki 10 a Sun City]]'' |Adze Ugha |[[Ayo Makun]]<br />[[Adesua Etomi|Adesuwa Etomi]]<br />[[Richard Mofe-Damijo]]<br />[[Mercy Johnson|Rahama Johnson]]<br />[[2Baba]] |Wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy |[[Ƙungiyar Silverbird|Rarrabawar Silverbird]] | |} === Oktoba-Disamba === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Budewa ! style="width:20%;" |Taken ! style="width:10%;" |Daraktan !Masu ba da labari ! style="width:13%" |Irin wannan ! style="width:20%" |Nazarin !Tabbacin. |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:green; textcolor:#000;" |'''Nuwamba<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |24 |''[[Kirsimeti na zuwa (fim)|Kirsimeti Yana Zuwa]]'' |[[Ufuoma McDermott]] |[[Chioma Chukwuka]]<br />[[Deyemi Okanlawon]]<br />[[Zack Orji]]<br />[[Mary Lazarus|Maryamu Li'azaru]] |Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya |Kamfanin rarraba Silverbird |<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.informationng.com/2017/10/christmas-coming-sola-sobowale-chioma-akpotha-others.html|title=‘CHRISTMAS IS COMING’ FOR SOLA SOBOWALE, CHIOMA AKPOTHA, OTHERS |date=22 October 2017|work=InformationNG|accessdate=5 March 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> |- | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:orange; textcolor:#000;" |'''Rashin mutuwa<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />''' | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8; textcolor:#000;" |15 |''[[The Wedding Party 2|Bikin Bikin Aure na 2]]'' |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |[[Sola Sobowale]] [[Patience Ozokwor]] [[Adesua Etomi]] [[Banky W|Banky Wellington]]<br /><br /><br /> |Fim din wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya |Koga Studios | |} == Ƙari == * [[Bariga Sugar]] * [[A Hotel Called Memory|Otal ɗin da ake kira Memory]] * [[Affairs of the Heart (fim)|Harkokin Zuciya]] * [[Tiwa's Baggage|Akwatin Tiwa]] * [[Tough Love (fim na 2017)|Ƙaunar Ƙauni]] == Duba kuma == * 2017 a Najeriya * [[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya|Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.imdb.com/search/title?at=0&countries=ng&sort=moviemeter,asc&title_type=feature&year=2018,2018 Fim din 2018] a gidan yanar gizon Intanet[[IMDb|Bayanan Fim na Intanet]] * Tarihin [[Jerin Jaruman Finafinan Najeriya|'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya]] a [https://uzomediatv.com/tag/nollywood/ Uzomedia TV] 26yyhxm55yveawsws0i79qb585i6xcq 0 69831 548112 375974 2024-11-29T06:07:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=What Just Happened|image=What_Just_Happened_Too.jpg|occupation=<nowiki>Charles Uwagbai]]</nowiki> | writer = [[Ufuoma McDermott]]<br />Victor Mobuogwu | producer = Ufuoma McDermo Ufuoma McDermott Toyin Abraham Mike Ezuruonye Mc Abbey Jude Orhorha Stanley Funnybone Chibunna Hafiz Oyetoro Segun Arinze Cinematography Jude Legemah Raphael Aruma|known=Movie|education=Movie|Gama mulki=Raphael Aruma}} '''What Just Happened''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2018 wanda [[Charles Uwagbai]] ya jagoranta kuma ya hada da [[Ufuoma McDermott]], Afeez Oyetoro, Segun Arinze, [[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Ibrahim]], Mike Ezuruonye da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Mc Abbey da Funny Bone.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/meet-the-cast-of-ufuoma-mcdermotts-what-just-happened-id8707225.html|title=Ufuoma McDermott's next movie is a comedy starring Segun Arinze, Toyin Aimakhu, Mike Ezuruonye|date=9 August 2018|work=The PulseNg|accessdate=22 September 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=10 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810113056/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/meet-the-cast-of-ufuoma-mcdermotts-what-just-happened-id8707225.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/ufuoma-mcdermotts-new-movie-what-just-happened-hits-cinemas/|title=Ufuoma Mcdermott’s new movie ‘What Just Happened’ hits cinemas|date=15 September 2018|work=Vanguard Newspaper|accessdate=22 September 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> Ufuoma McDermott <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.saharaweeklyng.com/toyin-abraham-funny-bone-ufuoma-mcdermott-take-just-happened-cinemas/|title=Toyin Abraham, Funny Bone, Ufuoma Mcdermott take ‘What Just Happened’ to the cinemas|date=15 September 2018|work=Sahara Weekly Newspaper|accessdate=22 September 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> ya rubuta kuma ya samar da fim din. An harbe fim din ne a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] da Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.saharaweeklyng.com/toyin-abraham-funny-bone-ufuoma-mcdermott-take-just-happened-cinemas/|title=Toyin Abraham, Funny Bone, Ufuoma Mcdermott take ‘What Just Happened’ to the cinemas|date=15 September 2018|work=Sahara Weekly Newspaper|accessdate=22 September 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Makirci == Wata Farfesa Oghogho (Ufuoma McDermott) ta yanke shawarar komawa gida daga Amurka kuma ta dauki matsayin malami mai ziyara a Jami'ar Ibadan, jihar Oyo wanda dan uwanta Efe (Segun Arinze) ya ba ta shawara bayan ta yanke shawarar cewa ta gaji da Amurka kuma ba za ta iya ba. "samu" wani mutum can. Duban gaskiya yana da cikas da halinta na gaba da gaba. Cikin jin haushin direban Baba Oti (Afeez Oyetoro) da tarin sa, ta yanke shawarar yin tukin da kanta daga Legas zuwa Ibadan. Tafiyar ta sa'a daya zata rikide zuwa ranar hauka da tashin hankali yayin da take sanya rayuwa cikin kunci. Ta sami taimako daga wani mutumin kirki mai suna Dele Lawson (Mike Ezuruonye) wanda daga nan ya tare ta a kan hanyar zuwa Ibadan. An yi musu fashi, kama, sun ɓace a ƙauye kuma a ƙarshe Leke (Jude Orhorha) ya taimaka musu. Suna shiga cikin tashin hankali lokacin da Oghogho ya ƙi yarda da mutunta al'adar ƙauyen Leke. Dukan fim din labari ne a cikin labarin, yayin da Farfesa Oghogho ke ba da labarin dukan gamuwa a matsayin shaida a cikin coci, <ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/ufuoma-mcdermotts-movie-what-just-happened-for-cinemas-september-14/|title=Ufuoma Mcdermott’s movie, ‘What Just Happened’ for cinemas September 14|date=15 September 2018|work=The Nation Newspaper|accessdate=2 October 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> kuma saboda ƙuntatawa na lokaci, ƙoƙarin hanzarta shaidarta yana haifar da ƙarin rikici.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/ufuoma-mcdermotts-movie-what-just-happened-for-cinemas-september-14/|title=Ufuoma Mcdermott’s movie, ‘What Just Happened’ for cinemas September 14|date=15 September 2018|work=The Nation Newspaper|accessdate=2 October 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Ufuoma McDermott|Hoton McDermott]] * [[Omoni Oboli]] * [[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Ibrahim]] * [[Mike Ezuruonye]] * Mc Abbey * Jude Orhorha * Stanley Funnybone Chibunna * [[Afeez Oyetoro|Hafiz Oyetoro]] * Segun Arinze == Production da saki == Mabiyi nasarar cinematic run na fitowar fim dinta na farko [[Kirsimeti na zuwa (fim)|Kirsimeti na zuwa]] a cikin 2017, Ufuoma McDermott ta shirya fim na biyu a fina-finai a fadin Najeriya ranar 14 ga Satumba 2018. An fara daukar babban hoton ne a watan Yunin 2015 a Legas da Los Angeles, yayin da Ufuoma na da ciki. Bayan haihuwar ɗanta a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 2015, samarwa ya ci gaba a cikin 2016 kuma an kammala samarwa a tsakiyar 2018. == Mahimman liyafar == ''Vanguard'' singled out actress Ufuoma Mcdermott's debut comedic performance for praise, stating ''"...after seeing ‘What just happened’, my eyes were opened to something new about her; mostly to her dynamism not just as a person, but as an actress too"'', however noting that ''"...her role in the film could have been a comic flop without the presence of one of the most admired talents to ever grace the Nigerian film industry, Toyin Abraham."''<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/09/movie-review-what-just-happened/|title=Movie Review: What Just Happened|date=29 September 2018|work=Vanguard Newspaper|accessdate=12 November 2018|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 2018]] == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} hy7jk04soq5k69j1s91sj3due1maru7 0 70290 547749 377919 2024-11-28T20:28:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Félicité''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2017 na Senegal da aka kafa a [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokaradiyyar Kwango]] kuma Alain Gomis ya ba da umarni.<ref name="CE">{{cite web |url=http://cineuropa.org/nw.aspx?t=newsdetail&l=en&did=303254 |title=Alain Gomis puts the finishing touches to Félicité |access-date=15 December 2016 |work=Cineuropa}}</ref> An zaɓi shi don yin gasa a Golden Bear a cikin babban ɓangaren gasar na 67th Berlin Film Film Festival.<ref name="Berlin">{{cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/presse/pressemitteilungen/wettbewerb/wettbewerb-presse-detail_34708.html|title=Aki Kaurismäki, Oren Moverman, Agnieszka Holland, Andres Veiel, and Sally Potter – First Films for the Competition of the Berlinale 2017|work=Berlinale|date=15 December 2016|access-date=15 December 2016}}</ref> A Berlin, fim ɗin ya lashe kyautar Jury Grand Prix.<ref name="awards">{{cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/das_festival/preise_und_juries/preise_internationale_jury/index.html|title=Prizes of the International Jury|work=Berlinale|date=18 February 2017|access-date=18 February 2017}}</ref> A 2017 Africa Movie Academy Awards, ya lashe kyaututtuka shida wanda shine mafi girma ga wani fim a tarihin bikin bayar da kyautar, ciki har da nau'ikan fina-finai mafi kyawun fim, mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, mafi kyawun jarumi, mafi kyawun gyarawa, mafi kyawun sauti da mafi kyawun fim a cikin Harshen Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/senegal-nigeria-best-film-amaa/ |title=Nigerian actors fail to shine at African Movie Academy Awards}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/vero-tshanda-wins-amaa-2017-best-actress-for-felicite-id6999423.html |title=Vero Tshanda wins best actress for "Félicité" |access-date=2024-02-21 |archive-date=2017-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720095316/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/vero-tshanda-wins-amaa-2017-best-actress-for-felicite-id6999423.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldstagegroup.com/worldstagenew/index.php?active=news&newscid=37313&catid=6 |title=How Senegalese movie 'Félicité' emerges top winner at AMAA 2017 |access-date=17 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004035824/http://www.worldstagegroup.com/worldstagenew/index.php?active=news&newscid=37313&catid=6 |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An zaɓe shi azaman shigarwar Senegal don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje a 90th Academy Awards,<ref name="THR">{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-92-films-submitted-foreign-language-film-academy-award-1046070 |title=Oscars: 92 Films Submitted in Foreign-Language Category |last=Kilday |first=Gregg |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=5 October 2017 |access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> yana cikin jerin sunayen Disamba.<ref name="Pond">{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/oscars-foreign-language-shortlist-includes-square-fantastic-woman/ |title=Oscars Foreign Language Shortlist Includes 'The Square,' 'A Fantastic Woman' |last=Pond |first=Steve |work=[[The Wrap]] |date=14 December 2017 |access-date=14 December 2017}}</ref> Wannan dai shi ne karo na farko da Senegal ta aika da fim don tantance fim ɗin Mafi kyawun Harshen Waje.<ref name="list">{{cite web|url=https://www.oscars.org/news/92-countries-competition-2017-foreign-language-film-oscarr |title=92 Countries in Competition in for 2017 Foreign Language Film Oscar |work=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |date=5 October 2017 |access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> == Labarin fim == Fim ɗin ya ba da labarin yadda wata mashaya mai nishadantarwa ke fama da neman kuɗi bayan an kwantar da yaronta a asibiti. == 'Yan wasa == * [[Véro Tshanda Beya Mputu]] a matsayin Félicité * Gaetan Claudia a matsayin Samo * Papi Mpaka a matsayin Tabu * Nadine Ndebo a matsayin Hortense * Elbas Manuana a matsayin Luisant * Kasai Allstars kamar yadda kansu == liyafa == A kan Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , fim ɗin yana da ƙimar amincewa na 98% bisa ga sake dubawa na 46, da matsakaicin ƙimar 7.3 / 10. Mahimman ra'ayi na gidan yanar gizon ya ce: " ''Félicité'' yana kwatanta al'ada da tsarin da ba a sani ba ga yawancin masu kallo, amma jigogi - da kuma aikin Véro Tshanda Beya Mputu ya wuce iyaka".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/felicite_2017 |title=Félicité (2017) |work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media]] |access-date=6 March 2018}}</ref> A Metacritic, wanda ke ba da matsakaicin ma'auni, fim ɗin yana riƙe da maki 75 cikin 100, dangane da sake dubawa daga masu suka 13, yana nuna "mafi kyawun sake dubawa". Jordan Mintzer na ''The Hollywood Reporter'' ya bayyana fim ɗin a matsayin "kaushi da zuciya".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/felicite-review-970075 |title='Felicite': Film Review, Berlin 2017|last=Mintzer|first=Jordan|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=6 March 2018}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin abubuwan gabatarwa zuwa lambar yabo ta 90th Academy don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje * Jerin abubuwan gabatarwa na Senegal don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:fim]] jxs4k8abj5lvboc41yyp4htl9kiw50b 0 71133 547673 546341 2024-11-28T19:09:10Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 547673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lyès Salem''' ([[Larabci]]: '''إلياس سالم''') (an haife shi a shekara ta 1966 , a [[Aljir|Algiers]] ) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Aljeriya kuma darektan fina-finai.<ref>[http://globalfilm.org/guides/Masquerades_DG.pdf Global Film Discussion Guide - Masquerade (pdf)] "BIOGRAPHY Lyes Salem was born in Algiers, Algeria in 1966. After studying at the National Conservatory for Superior Dramatic Arts, he performed Shakespeare in some of Algeria’s most respected theaters. His second short film, Cousines, received France's César award for Best Short Film in 2005. As an actor, he has appeared in a number of films, including Alex, Banlieue 13 and L’Ecole de la Chair. Masquerades is his first feature film."</ref> Fim ɗinsa na farko a matsayin darekta, ''[[Masquerades (fim)|Masquerades]]'', ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa a Faransa. <ref>[[Paris Match]] 2008- Numéros 3090 à 3096 - Page 358 "Au programme. du 28 au 31 août: quatre jours de compétition - le film algérien Mascarade de Lys Salem. a été couronné du Valois du meilleur film."</ref> == Filmography == === A matsayin darakta === * ''Lhasa'' short 1999 * ''[[:fr:Cousines|fr: Cousines short]]''. Awards at Festival de Clermont-Ferrand da César Awards. * ''Jean-Farès'' gajere. Awards Festival International du film de Marrakech 2001 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lyes Salem |url=http://www.canalplus.fr/c-cinema/c-les-films-en-salles/cid193399-lyes-salem.html |access-date=2024-02-24 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923200340/http://www.canalplus.fr/c-cinema/c-les-films-en-salles/cid193399-lyes-salem.html |url-status=dead |archivedate=2015-09-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923200340/http://www.canalplus.fr/c-cinema/c-les-films-en-salles/cid193399-lyes-salem.html }}</ref> * ''Mascarades'' first feature film === A matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ===   * ''[[The School of Flesh|L’Ecole de la Chair]]'' (1998) * ''[[American Cuisine (film)|American Cuisine]]'' (1998) - Karim * ''Rendezvous in Samarkand'' (1999) - Mohammed * ''Meet the Baltringues'' (2000) * ''Filles uniques'' (2003) - L'avocat jeune beur * ''[[À ton image]]'' (2004) - Antoine * ''[[Banlieue 13]]'' (2004) - Samy * ''Alex'' (2005) - Karim * ''[[Munich (2005 film)|Munich]]'' (2005) - Arab Guard #1 * ''[[Délice Paloma]]'' (2007) - Maître Djaffar * ''[[The First Day of the Rest of Your Life (film)|The First Day of the Rest of Your Life]]'' (2008) - Le type saoul qui veut du Abba * ''Mascarades'' (2008) - Mounir Mekbel * ''La tête en friche'' (2010) - Youssef - le serveur * ''Des filles en noir'' (2010) - Le docteur * ''Dernier étage gauche gauche'' (2010) - Hamza Barriba * ''[[Nobody Else but You (film)|Nobody Else But You]]'' (2011) - Gus * ''[[Rock the Casbah (2013 film)|Rock the Casbah]]'' (2013) - Youssef * ''L'Oranais'' (2014) - Djaffar * ''[[I'm Dead But I Have Friends]]'' (2015) - Dany * ''Je suis à vous tout de suite'' (2015) - Le douanier algérien * ''[[Carole Matthieu]]'' (2016) - Alain * ''Ôtez-moi d'un doute'' (2017) - Madjid * ''Sparring'' (2017) - Omar * ''Ramdam'' (2017) - Amine * ''La finale'' (2018) - Hicham Soualem * ''Le mystère Henri Pick'' (2019) - Producteur émission Infinitif * ''[[Abou Leila]]'' (2019) == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1973]] <references /> [[Category:Mutanan Aljeriya]] [[Category:Yan fim]] [[Category:Maza]] rarzbsizmi9lvvjmuo2a1q34mmc8ikb 0 71297 547679 497930 2024-11-28T19:15:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547679 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Chiwetalu Agu on the set of De Jumbled.jpg|thumb|chiwetalu]] [[Fayil:Chiefagu.jpg|thumb|chiwetalu]]  {{Infobox person|name=Chiwetalu Agu|image=File:Chiefagu.jpg|alt=|caption=Chiwetalu Agu on the set of Aghugho Anyaukwu|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1956}}|birth_place=[[Enugu State]], Nigeria|death_date=|death_place=|citizenship=Nigerian|awards=Nollywood Movie Awards Best actor in an Indigenous movie|other_names=Okpantuecha|nationality=[[Nigerian]]|occupation=Actor|known_for=|spouse=Nkechi|children=5}}'''Chiwetalu Agu''' listen ⓘ (an haife shi a shekara ta 1956) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya.<ref>http://www.onlinenigeria.com/nollywood/index.asp?search=y&page=2</ref> Ya lashe lambar yabo ta [[Nollywood]] a shekarar 2012 don 'mafi kyawun jarumi a cikin fim ɗin 'yan asali (wanda ba Ingilishi ba)'.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121118160737/http://www.nollywooduncut.com/hot-nollywood-news/1159-nollywood-movies-awards-2012-winners-list</ref> Yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun yare, jumloli ko clichés a cikin fina-finai da yawa ya sa ya zama sananne musamman a Najeriya da kuma cikin masu sha'awar Nollywood gabaɗaya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20111109030443/http://nigeriafilms.com/news/14455/10/ill-act-e-for-good-price-chiwetalu-agu.html</ref> Yayin da yake tabbatar da cewa nau'ikan wasan barkwanci wani abin hawa ne na musamman wajen hasashe al'adun Najeriya a duniya tare da kafa tambarin Nollywood, Agu yana daya daga cikin fitattun jaruman barkwanci da suka bayar da gudumawa wajen bunkasa nau'ikan barkwanci na Nollywood da Prof. Femi Shaka of the University of Port Harcourt.<ref>http://www.supplemagazine.org/nollywood-reconstructing-the-historical-and-socio-cultural-contexts-of-the-nigerian-video-film-industry.html</ref> Agu ya auri Nkechi kuma yana da ‘ya’ya maza uku da mata biyu. == Shekarun farko == Kwarewar Agu ta samo asali ne tun lokacin da aka sauya salon wasan kwaikwayo na sabulun talabijin na Najeriya zuwa fina-finan [[Nollywood]] . Kafin kafuwar Nollywood, kimanin shekaru 31 da suka gabata, wasan opera na sabulun talabijin ya kasance a kullum, kuma Agu ya fito a [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya|gidan talabijin na]] Channel 8 Enugu na ''Ikoro'', wanda Joe Onyekwelu ya shirya. Ya kuma fito a cikin ETV Channel 50, yanzu ''ESBS'' . a cikin sabulu kamar ''Baby Come Now'' da ''Ripples'' (a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] ), wanda ɗan'uwan [[Chico Ejiro]], Zeb ya samar; A karshen ya taka halin Cif Abunna. == Filmography == Akwai rikodin aƙalla kusan fina-finai 150 waɗanda aka jefa Agu a cikinsu.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2118547/</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Matsayi ! Lura |- | | ''Last Falla 1-4'' | | |- | | ''Tabu'' | Ichie Ogwu | |- | 2002 | ''[[Old School (fim 2002)|Tsohuwar Makaranta]]'' | | |- | 1986 | ''Abubuwan Faɗuwa'' | | |- | | ''Ripples'' | | |- | 2008 | ''Komawar Adalci Ta Wuta'' | | |- | | ''Auren Gargajiya 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Wuta a Dutsen 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Farashin miyagu'' | | |- | | ''Dokta Thomas'' | | [[Sam Loco Efe]] |- | | ''Dole ne Firist ya mutu'' | | |- | | ''Farashin Layya'' | | |- | | ''The Catechist'' | | |- | | ''Daukar 'yan sanda'' | | |- | | ''fitowar rana 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Tsohuwar Makaranta 1-3'' | | |- | | ''Mai girma 1&2'' | | |- | | ''Sautunan Soyayya 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Nkwacha'' | | |- | | ''A fadin Nijar'' | | |- | | ''Gaskiyar Magana 1 7 2'' | | |- | | ''Sautunan Soyayya 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Mutumin Ikilisiya 1 & 2'' | Ukpabi | |- | | ''Fushi Mai Tsarki 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Mugun tagwaye'' | | tare da [[Pete Edochie]] |- | | ''Beauty da Dabba 1-3'' | | |- | | ''Manzannin Sarauta 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Makomar sarauta 1&2'' | | |- | 2007 | ''Mulkin Kona 1 & 2'' | | |- | | ''Yan Matan'' | | tare da [[Clarion Chukwura|Clarion Chukwurah]] |- | | ''Yakin Allah 1 & 2'' | | |- | 2018 | ''[[The ghost and the tout|Fatalwa da Tout]]'' | | |- |2017 | ''[[The Wedding Party 2|Bikin Aure 2]]'' | | tare da [[Adesua Etomi]] |- | 2019 | ''Abokan Talakawa '' | Mr. Mgbu | fim din Lorenzo Menakaya |- | 2019 | ''[[She Is (fim)|Ita ce]]'' | sarki Amosun |- | 2022 | An yi murna | Alaka | [[Benneth Nwankwo]] ne ya bada umarni |- | 2022 | Aghugho Anyaukwu | Ubachi | Uzoma Sunday Logicman ne ya bada umarni |} == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Darakta ! Ref |- | 2016 | ''Agbomma'' ( <small>kamao bayyanar )</small> | Tchidi Chekere | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/kcee-patience-ozorkwor-chiwetalu-agu-star-in-singers-agbomma-video-id4197924.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-02-24 |archive-date=2016-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620041359/http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/kcee-patience-ozorkwor-chiwetalu-agu-star-in-singers-agbomma-video-id4197924.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |} == Rigingimu == Agu ya tayar da cece-kuce tare da tsokaci inda ya ce zai yi aiki a kan farashi mai kyau kuma ya bayyana cin zarafi da ake zargin a [[Nollywood]] a matsayin wani lamari da ya zama babban al'amari. Ya kara da cewa "'yan fim na Nollywood suna da baiwa"<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121031200434/http://nigeriafilms.com/news/19363/35/sexual-harassment-nollywood-actresses-are-well-end.html</ref>. Duba kuma hira a cikin ''[[:en:The_Daily_Independent_(Lagos)|Daily Independent]].''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121027053652/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2012/08/acting-has-opened-doors-for-me-chinwetalu-agu/</ref> A ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2021, sojoji sun kama Chiwetalu Agu a gadar Iweka a [[Onitsha]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BREAKING!!! Nollywood Actor, Chinewtaluagu Agu Arrested By Nigerian Army – Igbere TV|url=https://igberetvnews.com/1402224/breaking-nollywood-actor-chinewtaluagu-agu-arrested-nigerian-army/|access-date=8 October 2021|website=igberetvnews.com}}</ref><ref name="punchng.com2">{{Cite web|date=8 October 2021|title=IPOB: Outrage as Nollywood Actor Chiwetalu Agu spends first night in military custody|url=https://punchng.com/ipob-outrage-as-nollywood-actor-chiwetalu-agu-spends-first-night-in-military-custody/|access-date=8 October 2021|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref>, kuma ya kwana a tsare kafin shugaban kungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya ya tabbatar da sakin shi daga hannun sojojin Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|title=Breaking: AGN, Ohanaeze secure release of Chiwetalu Agu – P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/10/08/breaking-agn-ohanaeze-secure-release-of-chiwetalu-agu/|access-date=8 October 2021|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nwosu|first=Annie|date=8 October 2021|title=Chiwetalu Agu finally released by Nigerian Army|url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/10/08/chinwetalu-agu-finally-released-by-nigerian-army/|access-date=8 October 2021|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 October 2021|title=Army releases Chiwetalu Agu|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/army-releases-chiwetalu-agu/|access-date=8 October 2021|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> bayan tambayoyi. An kama shi ne bayan an gan shi sanye da kayan da ke nuna tutar [[Biyafara|Biafra.]]<ref>https://punchng.com/ipob-outrage-as-nollywood-actor-chiwetalu-agu-spends-first-night-in-military-custody/</ref> == Nadin sarauta == * A cikin lambar yabo na fina-finan [[Nollywood]] na farko a 2012: An zabi Agu a matsayin 'fitaccen jarumin fim din 'yan asalin kasar saboda rawar da ya taka a [[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya|Nkwocha]] . * Zulu African Film Academy Awards (ZAFAA London) 2011: Matsayin Agu a cikin ''The Maidens'' ya sa aka zaɓe shi a matsayin 'fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo'. * A cikin 2008 na 4th shekara-shekara na 4th African Movie Academy Awards saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Across the Niger]]'' Agu an zabi shi don 'fitaccen ɗan wasa a cikin rawar tallafi'. == Kyauta == * Agu shine wanda ya lashe kyautar Nollywood Movie Awards na 2012 na 'mafi kyawun jarumi a cikin wani fim na asali: wanda ba yaren Ingilishi' saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Jerin Finafinan Najeriya|Nkwocha]]'' . == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] p0vpab6ew39kvibl9fgffkietjoowxe 0 71435 547676 478118 2024-11-28T19:12:36Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 547676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Flag of Abidjan.png|thumb|Tutar Abidjan]] '''Abidji''' (wanda aka fi sani da ''Abiji'' da ''Ambidji'') yare ne wanda ba a tantance shi ba a cikin reshen [[Harsunan Kwa|Kwa]] na iyalin Nijar-Congo. Ana magana da shi a [[Ivory Coast]]. Yana da yare biyu: "enyembe" da "ogbru". Mambobin waɗannan kabilun Abidji suna amfani da sunayen waɗannan yaruka don komawa ga kansu. Sun<ref>Renée Vick, Le système aspecto-modal de l’abidji, Abidjan, Institut de linguistique appliquée, 1990</ref> Ambidji an ba da shi ga yaren ta maƙwabtan waɗannan kungiyoyi. == Ƙauyuka == Ana magana da Abidji a cikin waɗannan ƙauyuka: <ref name="Dumestre">Dumestre, Gérard. 1971. ''Atlas linguistique de Côte-d'Ivoire : les langues de la région lagunaire''. Abidjan : Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA). 323 p.</ref> {| class="wikitable alternance sortable" !Sunan ƙauyen !Sunan asalin ƙasar (IPA) |- |Soukoukro |sukwebi |- |Rashin da aka yi |gbadatɛ |- |Elibou |elibu |- |Sahuyé |ka cejɛ |- |gomon |Goma |- |Yaobou |jawebi; joabu;djabõ; nadja côtôcô; Amougbroussandou |- |Sikensi |Sikhsi |- |Albarka |ranar da aka haifa |- |Rashin hankali |Brafwebi |- |Bakanu A, B |gbakamɔ̃ |- |Katadji |kalaɟi |- |Abayiyu |Abjeu |- |Akakro |akabi |- |Ahimangbo |Emãgbo |- |Akoungou |Aikin da aka yi |} == Tsarin Rubuce-rubuce == An rubuta Abidji tare da haruffa na Latin, ta amfani da rubutun rubutu na harsunan Ivory Coast. Ana sauya harafin upsilon ‹ ː, ʊ › sau da yawa tare da ƙugiya ‹ Hugo, ʋ › . {| class="wikitable" |+Harshen Abidji ! colspan="29" |Harafin babban birni |- |[[A (lettre)|A]] |[[B (lettre)|B]] |[[C (lettre)|C]] |[[D (lettre)|D]] |[[E (lettre)|E]] |Ɛ |[[F (lettre)|F]] |[[G (lettre)|G]] |[[Gb (digramme)|Gb]] |[[J (lettre)|J]] |[[I (lettre)|Na]] |{{IPA|[[Ɩ]]}} |[[K (lettre)|K]] |[[Kp (digramme)|Kp]] |[[L (lettre)|L]] |[[M (lettre)|M]] |[[N (lettre)|N]] |[[Ny (digramme)|Babu]] |[[O (lettre)|O]] |O |[[P (lettre)|P]] |[[R (lettre)|R]] |[[S (lettre)|S]] |[[T (lettre)|T]] |[[U (lettre)|U]] |TunatarwaUwargidan |[[W (lettre)|W]] |[[Y (lettre)|Y]] |ʔ |- ! colspan="29" |Harafin ƙananan kalmomi |- |a |b |c |d |da kuma |ɛ |f |g |gb |j |i |{{IPA|ɩ}} |k |kp |l |m |n |ny |o |Owu |p |r |s |t |u |Gishiri / sanarwa |w |da kuma |ʔ |- ! colspan="29" |Phonetics |- |/a/ |/b/ |/tc/ |/d/ |/e/ |/ɛ/ |/f/ |/ɡ/ |/ɡ͡b/ |/dɟ/ |/i/ |/ɪ/ |/k/ |/k͡p/ |/l/ |/m/ |/n/ |/ɲ/ |/o/ |/ɔ/ |/p/ |/r/ |/s/ |/t/ |/u/ |/ʊ/ |/w/ |/j/ |/ʔ/ |} Ana rubuta wasula na hanci tare da ‹ n › (‹ m › kafin ‹ p › da ‹ b ›): ‹ an, en, ɛn, in, on, Liver, un, ʊn ko Noti, Quebec ›. == Fasahar sauti == === Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Abidji consonants ! !Labari !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Labar da ke cikin baki !Gishiri |- !Plosive |[[Voiced bilabial plosive|b]]_plosive" id="mwAQE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p |[[Voiced alveolar plosive|d]] cx-link" data-linkid="279" href="./Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" id="mwAQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t d |cç Ya ce |k ɡ |k͡p ɡ͡b |ʔ |- !Hanci |m |n |ɲ | | | |- !Fricative |f |s | | | |h |- !Kusanci | |l |j | |w | |- !Trill | |r | | | | |} === Sautin sautin === sautin sai dai /e/ suna da nau'ikan hanci masu banbanci. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Sautin Abidji ! !A gaba !Tsakiya !Komawa |- !'''Kusa''' |i ɪ | |u ʊ |- !'''Tsakanin''' |da kuma | |[[Open-mid back rounded vowel|Owu]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o O O O |- !'''Bude''' | |a | |} === Sauti === Abidji yana sautunan sauti, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mai girma / zaki / zaki. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\kwa\agn&limit=-1 Abidji basic lexicon a Global Lexicostatistical Database] * [http://globalrecordings.net/langcode/abi Saurari samfurin Abidji daga Cibiyar Rubuce-rubuce ta Duniya] * Bayanan Tsarin Harshe na Duniya akan [http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_abd Abidji] [[Category:Harsunan Kwa]] g9e2zkwdw4dh9o5epz0b18nlxhf26t2 0 71713 547841 474728 2024-11-28T21:25:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ifeanyi Kalu''' (pronunciationi) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na talabijin da fim na Najeriya, samfurin kuma mai tsara kayan ado. <ref name = thisday>{{cite news|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/thisday/20180630/281573766438001 |title=Ifeanyi Kalu has a Crush on Genevieve Nnaji |work=Thisday Newspaper|date= 30 June 2018|accessdate=6 December 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka a fim din ''[[Lagos Cougars|Legas Cougars]]'' inda ya fito tare da [[Uche Jombo]], [[Monalisa Chinda]], [[Yul Edochie|Alexx Ekubo]] <ref name = thenet>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/photos-omoni-oboli-alex-ekubo-julius-agwu-desmond-elliot-uche-jombo-others-attend-premiere-of-lagos-cougars/ |title=Omoni Oboli, Alex Ekubo, Julius Agwu, Desmond Eliot others attend Premiere of Lagos Cougars |work=TheNetNG Newspaper|date= 23 November 2013|accessdate=6 December 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref>da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Afirka mai zaman kanta (AIT) Allison's Stand tare da Joselyn Dumas, [[Bimbo Manuel|Bimbo Manual]], da Victor Olaotun. <ref name = allison>{{cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/allisons-stand-watch-joselyn-dumas-victor-olaotan-others-in-season-2/92vvl5p|title=Watch Joselyn Dumas, Victor Olaotan, others in season 2|work=PulseNG|date=3 December 2014|accessdate=8 December 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name = allafrica>{{cite news|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201412050058.html|title=Season Two of 'Allison's Stand' for Premiere On Sunday |work=Daily Independent via Allafricanews|date= 4 December 2014|accessdate=8 December 2019|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Kalu a Surulere, wani yanki a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]], kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Kalu na da al'adun Igbo daga Jihar Imo a gabashin Najeriya. yi karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta a jami'a. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Ifeanyi Kalu.jpg|thumb|Ifeanyi Kalu]] Kalu auri mai shirya fina-finai Nicolette Ndigwe a shekarar 2021. == Aiki/Sana'a == Kalu fara aikinsa a matsayin abin koyi, yana bayyana a cikin tallace-tallace na talabijin da tallace-tafiye. shekara ta 2011, ya shiga Royal Arts Academy don nazarin wasan kwaikwayo. Matsayinsa na farko ya kasance a cikin 2012, lokacin da aka jefa shi a matsayin Usen a cikin fim din Kokomma wanda Uduak Isong Oguamanam ya samar kuma Tom Robson ya ba da umarni. Fim din sami gabatarwa 3 a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards . A shekara ta 2014, rawar da ya taka a fina-finai na ''Legas Cougars'' da Perfect Union sun ba shi lambar yabo ta City People Awards don Mafi kyawun Actor, lambar yabo da aka sake zabarsa a shekarar 2017. cikin 2019 ya sami wani gabatarwa daga City People Awards for Best Supporting Actor, [1] kuma a cikin wannan shekarar, an zabi shi kuma ya lashe kyautar Best Supporting Acctor a United Kingdom-based Zulu African Film Academy Awards (ZAFAA), saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din ''Kuvana'', inda ya fito tare da [[Wale Ojo]], Sambasa Nzeribe da [[Ivie Okujaye|Ivie Okujaiye]]. [2] A cikin 2019, Kalu ya ƙaddamar da layin tufafi na "shirye-shiryen" wanda aka lakafta ''Ifeanyi Kalu'' . == Hotunan fina-finai == === Matsayin fim da aka zaɓa === === Matsayin talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Daraktan !Bayani |- |2014 |''Matsayin Allison'' |Allison (Hanya) |Peace Osigbe, Yemi Morafa (ɗan fim) |Shirye-shiryen talabijin |- |2016 |''<nowiki/>'Yan uwa masu tsananin damuwa'' |Shawn (Hanya) |Sunkanmi Adebayo, Akin - Tijani Balogun |Shirye-shiryen talabijin a kan IrokoTV tare da Ini Edo, Belinda Effah, Deyemi Okanlawo, Bimbo Ademoye, Uzor Osimkpa, Uzor Arukwe |- |2017 |''Cougars'' |Dubem |Ikechukwu Onyeka, Akin - Tijani Balogun |Shirye-shiryen talabijin tare da Nse Ikpe Etim, Joselyn Dumas, Empress Njamah, Ozzy Agu, Monalisa Chinda |- |2017 |''Kai a kan Takala'' |Lead |Ejiro Onobrakpor |Shirye-shiryen talabijin |} === Kyaututtuka === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Abin da ya faru !Kyautar !Sakamakon |- |2013 |Kyautar Fim ta Nollywood |Tauraron da ya fi girma|{{Nom}} |- |2014 |Kyautar Jama'ar Birni |Mai wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau|{{Nom}} |- |2015 |Zaris Fashion and Style Academy |Hall of Fame|{{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |Royal Arts Academy |Kyautar Kyauta|{{Won}} |- |Kyautar Jama'ar Birni |Mai wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau|{{Nom}} |- |2018 |Bikin HYPP na Talents |Kyautar Kyauta|{{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |Kyautar Jama'ar Birni |Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi|{{Nom}} |- |Kyautar ZAFAA |Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi|{{Won}}<ref name = thisday2/> |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c5oe96quwz0am5p08p4ef1f6266pmgy 0 71925 548097 502121 2024-11-29T05:16:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Yo-Temitope Solaja.ogg|thumb|furucin temitope solaja]] '''Temitope Solaja''' [[Ɗan wasa|'yar fim]] ce ta Najeriya, marubuciya kuma Mai shirya fim.<ref name="Oluwafunmilayo 2018">{{cite web | last=Oluwafunmilayo | first=Akinpelu | title=Actress Temitope Solaja expresses gratitude as she buys new car | website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. | date=September 14, 2018 | url=https://www.legit.ng/1192224-nigerian-actress-temitope-solaja-acquires-acura-jeep-photos.html | access-date=August 3, 2022 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Temitope Solaja da aka haifa ta farko daga iyayenta 'yar asalin [[Sagamu]] ce, [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . Tana da digiri na farko a cikin sadarwa ta jama'a daga Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin .<ref name="Oluwafunmilayo 2018"/> == Sana'a == A shekara ta 2008, Solaja ta sami rawar farko a fim din da ake kira ''Bamitale'' . Fim din, ''Opolo'' wanda Sola Akintunde Lagata ta samar ya harbe ta cikin haske saboda rawar da ta taka a shekarar 2009.<ref name="Bada 2015">{{cite web | last=Bada | first=Gbenga | title=Watch Antar Laniyan, Biodun Okeowo, others in new Yoruba movie | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=May 30, 2015 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/aruga-watch-antar-laniyan-biodun-okeowo-others-in-new-yoruba-movie/gtm6x26 | access-date=August 3, 2022 | archive-date=August 3, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803113128/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/aruga-watch-antar-laniyan-biodun-okeowo-others-in-new-yoruba-movie/gtm6x26 | url-status=dead }}</ref> shekara ta 2015, ta rubuta kuma ta samar da fim dinta mai taken Aruga wanda ta kuma fito tare da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar [[Antar Laniyan]], da [[Sunkanmi Omobolanle]] .<ref name="Encomium Magazine 2022">{{cite web | title=4 top up and coming Yoruba actresses: Temitope Solaj | website=Encomium Magazine | date=August 3, 2022 | url=https://encomium.ng/4-top-up-and-coming-yoruba-actresses-temitope-solaj/ | access-date=August 3, 2022}}</ref> A cikin 2017, an zabi ta a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a matsayin jagora (Yoruba) a cikin 2017 Best of Nollywood Awards . == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Bamitale'' * ''Opolo'' * ''Idemu Idon kan'' * ''Tsohon Tarihi'' * ''Adajo Aiye'' * ''Kudi Klepto'' * ''Bella'' * ''Firepemi'' * ''Rashin lafiya'' * ''Darasimi'' * ''Awelewa'' * ''Orente'' * ''Juba'' * ''[[77 Bullets|Harsashi 77]]'' == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !aiki !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2015 | rowspan="2" |Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Yoruba) |''Bella''|{{Nom}} | |- |2017 |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a Matsayin Jagora (Yoruba) |''Ashabi Akata''|{{Nom}} | |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bsbvsl1lm1yrewum8t187c1004ecf5g 0 72192 547582 540979 2024-11-28T16:50:48Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Hasan Helimishi Laz-Georgian writings ჰასან ჰელიმიში Hasan Helimişi.jpg|thumb|rubutun yaren Laz]] [[Fayil:Sv. Janez Krstnik, Ribčev Laz (52647590226).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Nüziders-Laz (Muttersberg)-01ASD.jpg|thumb|Nuziders laz]] [[Fayil:Milliyet 1930 agustos 21.pdf|thumb|yaren milliyet]] [[Fayil:Milliyet 1930 agustos 21.pdf|thumb|Yaren Laz]] '''Harshen Laz''' ko '''Lazuri''' (Laz: ლაზური ნენა, romanized: lazuri nena; Mingrelian: ლაზური ნზიინა: Georgia, romanized: lazuri nena. ი ენა/ჭანური ენა, romanized: lazuri ena/ch'anuri ena; Baturke: Lazca) Harshen Kartvelian da mutanen Laz ke magana a kudu maso gabas ga bakin tekun Black Sea.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC&pg=PA21</ref>A cikin 2007, an kiyasta cewa akwai kusan masu magana da asali na 20,000 a [[Turkiyya]], a cikin wani yanki mai nisa daga Melyat zuwa kan iyakar Jojiya (wanda ake kira Lazistan har zuwa 1925), da kuma kusan masu magana na 1,000 a kusa da Adjara a Jojiya. Hakanan akwai kusan masu magana da harshen Laz kusan 1,000 a [[Jamus]]. Laz a tarihi ba rubutaccen harshe ba ne ko kuma yaren adabi. Tun daga 1989, Benninghaus zai iya rubuta cewa Laz da kansu ba su da sha'awar rubuta Laz. == Rabewa == Laz yana ɗaya daga cikin harsunan Kartvelian guda huɗu wanda kuma aka sani da harsunan Kudancin Caucasian. Tare da Mingrelian, yana samar da reshen Zan na wannan dangin harshen Kartvelian. Harsunan biyu suna da dangantaka ta kut-da-kut, ta yadda wasu masana harsuna ke kiran Mingrelian da Laz a matsayin yare ko bambance-bambancen yanki na yaren Zan guda ɗaya, ra'ayin da aka gudanar a hukumance a zamanin Soviet da kuma har yanzu a Jojiya. Gabaɗaya, duk da haka, ana ɗaukar Mingrelian da Laz a matsayin harsuna daban-daban, saboda daɗaɗɗen rabuwar al'ummominsu na masu magana (shekaru 500) da kuma rashin fahimtar juna. == Tarihi == Ko da yake an rubuta mutanen Laz a rubuce-rubuce akai-akai tun daga zamanin da, amma farkon rubutaccen shaidar harshensu tun daga 1787. Akwai wata waka a cikin Seyahatnâme na Evliya Çelebi (ƙarni na 17) da aka fassara da Laz, amma ana iya yin hakan. wakiltar Pontic Greek. Tabbataccen tarihin Laz na farko a cikin 1787 ya fito ne daga Masanin harshen Jesuit na Spain Lorenzo Hervás. An yi watsi da shi sosai saboda Hervás ya haɗa sunan harshen tare da na harshen Lezgian, yana kiransa linga Lasga, detta ancora Laza, e Lassa. A cikin 1823, Julius Heinrich von Klaproth ya wallafa jerin kalmomi Sitin da Bakwai ( 67 ) na Laz tare da fassarar Jamusanci a cikin Polyglotta na Asiya. Ya gano yaruka uku. A cikin 1844, Georg Rosen ya buga a cikin Jamusanci littafin farko na Laz, Über die Sprache der Lazen. A cikin 1887, jami'in diflomasiyyar Burtaniya Demetrius Rudolph Peacock ya haɗa da Laz a cikin harsuna biyar na yammacin Caucasus a cikin takarda da aka tsara don amfani da jami'an diflomasiyya masu magana da Ingilishi. == Rarraba yanki == Harshen Jojin, tare da danginsa Mingrelian, Laz, da Svan, sun ƙunshi dangin harshen Kartvelian. Farkon rabuwar Proto-Kartvelian an kiyasta ya kasance kusan 2500-2000 BC, tare da bambance-bambancen Svan daga Proto-Kartvelian (Nichols, 1998). Takardun Assuriyawa, Urartian, Girkanci, da na Romawa sun bayyana cewa a farkon lokutan tarihi (2nd-1st millennia BC), yawancin kabilun Kartvelian suna cikin ƙaura zuwa cikin Caucasus daga kudu maso yamma. Mutanen Kartveliya sun mamaye gabar tekun arewa da tsaunukan bakin teku na Asiya Ƙarama aƙalla zuwa yamma har zuwa Samsun. Ƙauransu na gabas mai yiwuwa an saita motsi ta faɗuwar Troy (wanda Eratosthenes ya rubuta zuwa 1183 K.Z.). Don haka ya bayyana cewa Kartvelians suna wakiltar kutsawa cikin filin Georgian daga arewa maso gabashin Anatoliya, suna korar magabatansu, mutanen Caucasian Arewa maso Yamma da Vainakh da ba su da alaƙa, cikin tsaunukan Caucasian (Tuite, 1996; Nichols, 2004).<ref>http://timothygrove.blogspot.com/2012/07/materials-for-comprehensive-history-of.html</ref> Babban sanannen mazaunin Lazoi shine garin Lazos ko "tsohuwar Lazik" wanda Arrian ya sanya filin wasa 680 (kimanin mil 80) kudu da tashar Alfarma (Novorossiisk) da filin wasa 1,020 (mil 100) arewacin Pityus, watau wani wuri a cikin unguwar Tuapse. Kiessling ya ga a cikin Lazoi wani sashe na Kerketai, wanda a ƙarni na farko na zamanin Kirista ya yi ƙaura zuwa kudu a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga Zygoi. Marubucin ɗaya yana ɗaukar Kerketai a matsayin ƙabilar "Georgian". Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin Arrian (ƙarni na biyu AD), Lazoi sun riga sun zauna a kudancin Um. Tsarin mutanen da ke zaune a bakin teku a gabashin Trebizond ya kasance kamar haka: Colchi (da Sanni); Machelones; Heniochi; Zydritae; Lazai, batutuwa na Sarki Malassus, wanda ya mallaki suzerainty na Roma; Apsilae; Abacsi; Sanigae kusa da Sebastopolis.<ref>http://colchianstudies.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/47-laz-minorsky.pdf</ref> == Matsayin Zamantakewa da Al'adu == Laz ba shi da matsayi na hukuma a cikin Turkiyya ko Jojiya, kuma ba shi da ma'aunin rubutu. A halin yanzu ana amfani dashi kawai don saba da hulɗar yau da kullun; don adabi, kasuwanci, da sauran dalilai, masu magana da Laz suna amfani da yaren ƙasarsu (Turanci ko Jojiya). Laz na musamman ne a cikin harsunan Kartvelian domin yawancin masu magana da shi suna zaune a Turkiyya maimakon Jojiya. Yayin da bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin yaruka daban-daban ba su da yawa, masu magana da su suna jin cewa matakin fahimtar juna ya ragu. Ganin cewa babu wani ma'auni na gama gari na Laz, masu magana da yarukansa daban-daban suna amfani da Turanci don sadarwa da juna. Tsakanin 1930 zuwa 1938, Zan (Laz da Mingrelian) sun ji daɗin cin gashin kan al'adu a Jojiya kuma an yi amfani da su azaman yaren adabi, amma ba a taɓa kafa tsarin daidaitaccen harshe na hukuma ba. Tun daga wannan lokacin, duk ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar rubutaccen al'ada a Zan ya ci tura, duk da cewa yawancin masu hankali suna amfani da shi a matsayin harshen adabi. A Turkiyya, Laz ya kasance harshen da aka rubuta tun 1984, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri haruffa da aka dogara da haruffan Turkiyya. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ana amfani da wannan tsarin a yawancin ɗimbin wallafe-wallafen da suka bayyana a cikin Laz. An ƙirƙira shi musamman don harsunan Kartvelian, haruffan Jojiyanci sun fi dacewa da sautin Laz, amma kasancewar yawancin masu magana da yaren suna zaune a Turkiyya, inda ake amfani da haruffan Latin, ya sa karɓin tsohon ba zai yiwu ba. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 1991 an buga wani littafi mai suna Nana-nena ('Yaren uwa'), wanda aka yi nufin dukan masu magana da Laz kuma ana amfani da haruffan Latin da Jojiya. An buga ƙamus na Laz-Turkish na farko a cikin 1999. An haramta yin magana Laz a Turkiyya tsakanin 1980 zuwa 1991 saboda ana kallon hakan a matsayin barazana ta siyasa ga hadin kan kasar. A wannan zamanin, wasu daga cikin malaman ilimi suna nadamar kasancewar kabilar Laz. Domin an hana yin magana da Laz a wuraren da jama’a ke taruwa, yara da yawa sun rasa yarensu na asali sakamakon rashin sadarwa da iyayensu. Yawancin mutanen Laz suna da lafazin Turanci mai nauyi saboda ba za su iya yin yarensu na asali ba. == Siffofin Harshe == Kamar yawancin yarukan Caucasus, Laz yana da tsarin baƙon abu amma wasula biyar kawai (a, e, i, o, u). Sunayen suna da aka yi da suffixes na agglutinative don nuna aikin nahawu (harkoki huɗu zuwa bakwai, dangane da yare) da lamba (maɗaukaki ko jam'i), amma ba ta jinsi ba. Ana fassara kalmar Laz tare da kari bisa ga mutum da lamba, haka kuma don yanayin nahawu, al'amari, yanayi, da (a wasu yarukan) hujja. Har zuwa 50 prefixes na magana ana amfani da su don nuna daidaitaccen wuri/manufa. An bayar da bayanan mutum da lamba don batun da kuma abubuwa ɗaya ko biyu da ke cikin aikin, misali. gimpulam = "Na boye muku". == Nahawu == Wasu fitattun siffofi na Laz a cikin danginsa sune: Duk sunaye suna ƙarewa da wasali. Ƙarin juzu'in fi'ili mai faɗi, ta amfani da prefixes na jagora. Wasu lamuni na lexical daga harsunan Girkanci da Turkawa == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} l9x6pp4xxclmxa5zjz6kf1p59dzdskm 0 72220 547743 474811 2024-11-28T20:24:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Chief Ndubuisi with Francis Duru.jpg|thumb|Francis Duru a gefe]] [[Fayil:Francis Duru 0F9F0ABF-7ADA-48C3-B831-BAF23B476911 w1597 n r0 st.jpg|thumb|Francis Duru]] '''Francis Duru''' listeni (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1969) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya wanda a shekarar 2007 ya sami lambar yabo ta Jakadan Zaman Lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya saboda tasirinsa mai kyau ga matasa. shekara ta 2010 an nada Duru a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/francis-duru-5-things-you-should-know-about-mama-sunday-actor/53zgfqy.amp|title=Francis Duru 5 things you should know about "Mama Sunday" actor|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-09}}</ref><ref name="Aikomo">{{Cite web|last=Aikomo|first=Oluwamuyiwa|date=2019-07-27|title=Actor Francis Duru Celebrates 50th Birthday|url=https://nollywoodalive.com/actor-francis-duru-celebrates-50th-birthday/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126152936/https://nollywoodalive.com/actor-francis-duru-celebrates-50th-birthday/|archive-date=November 26, 2020|access-date=2019-12-09|website=Nollywood Alive|language=en-US}}</ref> kuma a wannan shekarar an zabi shi don ''Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Tallafawa'' a Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == haifi Duru a ranar 27 ga Yuli, 1969 a Kamaru ga iyayen Najeriya waɗanda suka fito daga [[Imo|Jihar Imo]] a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. Ya sami ilimin firamare da sakandare a Kamaru amma don samun B.Sc.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-27|title=Actor, Francis Duru Marks His Birthday With Cute Photos|url=https://www.ghgossip.com/actor-francis-duru-marks-his-birthday-with-cute-photos/|access-date=2021-07-28|website=GhGossip|language=en-AU|archive-date=2021-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728045655/https://www.ghgossip.com/actor-francis-duru-marks-his-birthday-with-cute-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> digiri, ya koma Najeriya inda ya nemi Jami'ar Port Harcourt a Jihar Rivers kuma an yarda da shi a matsayin dalibi don nazarin zane-zane. A shekara ta 1996 ya sami B.Sc. cikin Fasaha na Wasanni. == Sana'a == Duru ta fara fitowa a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya a shekarar 1989 tare da fim mai taken Missing Mark .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/flash-back-friday-flash-back-to-movie-rattle-snake/06m8pf9.amp|title=Flash Back Friday! Flash Back To Movie 'Rattle Snake|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-10}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Fim din ya fito ne daga darektan da ya mutu yanzu; Ndubuisi Oko . Fasali na Duru a cikin fim din bai isa ba don aikinsa kamar yadda a lokacin har yanzu ana daukar shi a matsayin mai wasan kwaikwayo mai zuwa. Duru zama sananne a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya a shekarar 1995 bayan ya fito a fim din wasan kwaikwayo mai suna Rattle Snake fim din da ya fito da darektan da ya mutu yanzu; [[Amaka Igwe]]. taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wani hali da ake kira ''Ahanna'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/francis-duru-top-5-films-of-the-talented-actor/le7q2b0.amp|title=Francis Duru Top 5 films of the talented actor|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-10|archive-date=2019-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210141938/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/francis-duru-top-5-films-of-the-talented-actor/le7q2b0.amp|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2018/04/throwback-thursday-rattlesnake-nollywoods-first-action-movie/|title=Throwback Thursday: 'Rattlesnake', Nollywood's First Action Movie|last=Willie|first=Akwaowo|date=2018-04-12|website=Connect Nigeria|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-10|archive-date=2019-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210141938/https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2018/04/throwback-thursday-rattlesnake-nollywoods-first-action-movie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kyautar == Duru ya kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Jakadan Zaman Lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya saboda tasirin da ya yi wa matasa. lashe kyautar Best Actor in a Leading Role (Igbo) a cikin 2020 Best of Nollywood Awards saboda rawar da ya taka a Mboputa . == Ayyukan jin kai == Duru ya yi aiki sosai tare da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na cikin gida da na kasashen waje (NGOs) don tabbatar da cewa yara na Afirka suna da ilimi mafi kyau da kuma rayuwa mafi girma. A cewar wata sananniyar kafofin watsa labarai ta Najeriya da ake kira Vanguard, Duru ta yi aiki tare da ''[[UNICEF]],'' <nowiki><i id="mwSA">USAID</i></nowiki>, ''LEAP AFRICA'' da COMPASS. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Duru da matarsa Adokiye sun yi aure a shekara ta 2003 kuma dukansu suna da 'ya'ya hudu tare. Duru da Adokiye dukansu sun halarci Jami'ar Port Harcourt . == Hotunan da aka zaɓa == * ''[[The Good Husband|Miji Mai Kyau]]'' (2020) * ''Mboputa (2020) '' * ''Stigma (2013) '' * ''Gida a cikin gudun hijira (2010) '' * ''Nnenda (2009) '' * ''Kullum nawa (2009) '' * ''Rashin Zuciya (2009) '' * ''Rashin jituwa (2009) '' * ''Albarka da raina (2008) a matsayin Emeka'' * ''Lumba Boys (2008) '' * ''Ɗaya A Ɗaya (2008) '' * ''Maƙiya mafi muni (2008) '' * ''Laviva (2007) '' * ''Yaƙin Ƙarshe (2007) '' * ''Alloli na Babu Rahama (2007) '' * ''Babban Jakadun (2007) '' * ''Gidan da ke cikin rikici (2007) '' * ''Ƙauna da Kyakkyawan (2007) '' * ''Tsanantawa (2007) '' * ''Rhythm Of Love (2007) '' * ''Kakar sarauta (2007) a matsayin Azubuike'' * ''Takaitaccen Lokaci (2007) '' * ''Masu shiru da ba su da sauti (2007) '' * ''Total War (2007) a matsayin Fasto Henry'' * ''Sojojin Shaidan (2007) '' * ''Will Of God (2007) '' * ''Clash Of Interest (2006) '' * ''Ƙarfin Halitta (2006) '' * ''Abokina na Yarinya (2006) '' * ''Ƙananan Asirin da nake da shi (2006) '' * ''Aikin Mutum (2006) '' * ''Rashin Zuciya (2006) '' * ''Soul Engagement II (2006) '' * ''Soul Engagement III (2006) '' * ''Sautin soyayya (2006) '' * ''Sauti na Ƙauna II (2006) '' * ''Sauti mai daɗi (2006) '' * ''Sweet Sound II (2006) '' * ''Hawaye Daga Holland (2006) '' * ''Hawaye Daga Holland II (2006) '' * ''A kasa (2006) '' * ''Upside Down II (2006) '' * ''Ba tare da neman gafara ba (2006) '' * ''Ba tare da neman gafara ba II (2006) '' * ''[[Blood Money (fim 1997)|Kudin Jini]] (1997) '' * ''[[Rattlesnake (fim, 1995)|Macijin Rattle]] (1995) '' * ''Alamar da ta ɓace (1989) '' == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2020 |Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood |Mafi kyawun Actor a matsayin Jagora -Igbo |''Mboputa''|{{Won}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1969]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jp5b96pmhfq2fyup96fxa5tmg07x63i 0 72277 548088 387534 2024-11-29T04:38:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Seun Ajayi''' Listeni ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya. Shi ɗan asalin Ijebu Ibefun ne, [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]], Najeriya . An san shi da rawar da ya taka a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ''Hustle.'' . An haifi Ajayi a ranar 31 ga watan Maris a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], yankin Arewacin Najeriya kuma ita ce ta karshe a cikin yara biyar. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/seun-ajayi-5-things-you-should-know-about-actor/b0mjjd2|title=5 things you should know about actor|date=2016-04-01|website=Pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-17|archive-date=2020-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221043246/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/seun-ajayi-5-things-you-should-know-about-actor/b0mjjd2|url-status=dead}}</ref>Iyalinsa sun koma Legas lokacin da yake dan shekara tara. Mahaifinsa ma'aikacin gwamnati ne mai ritaya kuma mahaifiyarsa mace ce ta kasuwanci. Ya sami karatun firamare da sakandare a Legas da kuma karatun sakandare a [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo. == Rayuwa da aiki == Ajayi ta sami gabatarwa da yawa a Afirka Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) da kuma Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka don Mafi Kyawun Mai Taimako a cikin Fim da Mafi Kyawun Actor a cikin Original Comedy Series, bi da bi. Tare da sama da sa'o'i 136 na lokacin allo na Pan-African zuwa ga darajarsa a matsayin jagora a kan sitcom na TV na Africa Magic ''Hustle'', baiwar Ajayi ta kuma kyautata babban allo a kan manyan ayyukan fina-finai ciki har da ''[[Ojukokoro|Ojukokoro: Haɗuwa]]'', ''Allah Kira'', Ghost da Gidan Gaskiya, da 93 Days. Sauran kyaututtuka na allo sun hada da The Maze, Gidi Culture, Have a Nice Day, Crimson da Gidi Up . Ajayi ya ba da muryarsa ga kamfen ɗin alama da yawa, shirye-shirye, da kuma fina-finai, yana aiki tare da alamomi kamar; Uber, bankin Keystone, Bankin Farko, The Guardian, Ndani Communications, Total, Olam, Temple Productions, Telemundo, da DSTV da sauransu. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ajayi ta auri Damilola Oluwabiyi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/seun-ajayi-actor-speaks-about-epic-first-kiss-moment-at-his-wedding/swve2qq|title=Actor speaks about epic first kiss moment at his wedding|date=2018-02-10|website=Pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-17}}</ref> Wani bidiyon Ajayi yana rawa farin ciki bayan ya bayyana matarsa a bikin aurensu ya bazu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-01-12|title=First thing to do when assigned a movie role is… —Actor Seun Ajayi|url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/183338/|access-date=2019-05-17|website=Tribune Online|language=en-GB|archive-date=2019-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517164050/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/183338/|url-status=dead}}</ref> watan Janairun 2019, shi da matarsa sun haifi ɗansu na farko tare, yaro.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/seun-ajayi-welcomes-son-with-wife/cfb8pjc|title=Seun Ajayi welcomes son with wife|date=2019-01-25|website=Pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-17|archive-date=2019-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517164800/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/seun-ajayi-welcomes-son-with-wife/cfb8pjc|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Fim din === * ''[[Ojukokoro|Ojukokoro (Kamar)]]'' (2016, a matsayin Litinin) * Suru L'ere (2016, a matsayin Arinze) * Black Val (2016) * ''Allah Kira'' (TBA) * Kwanaki 93 * Ruhun da Gidan Gaskiya * Okoroshi da ya ɓace * [[Ije Awele]] === Gajeren fim === * ''An share shi'' (2016) * Stuck (2019) * An rufe shi === Talabijin === * ''Hustle (a matsayin Dayo) '' * ''Gidi Up'' (a matsayin Wole) * Mace Mai Kyau Mai Kyau * Kasancewa Abi === Jerin yanar gizo === * ''Crimson'' (a matsayin Akin) == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == An zabi Seun Ajayi don kyaututtuka kamar: * The Future ya ba da kyautar Afirka don yin wasan kwaikwayo, * Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai tallafawa a Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka * Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo a Afirka Magic Viewer's Choice Awards * Ru'ya ta shekara a Kyautar Fim ta Jama'a. == Manazarta == * [[Jerin Jaruman Finafinan Najeriya|Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya]] {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 86z4x9d9pqj223xtvw85itir0qrgut3 0 72316 548069 525582 2024-11-29T03:22:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Olumide Oworu''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1994) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne Na Najeriya kuma Mawakin Rap.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://life.guardian.ng/2016/06/the-next-generation-of-nollywood/|date=June 20, 2016|author=Coco Anetor-Sokei|title=The Next Generation of Nollywood|work=The Guardian|access-date=July 20, 2016|archive-date=June 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624124145/http://life.guardian.ng/2016/06/the-next-generation-of-nollywood/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/i-cant-count-the-number-of-classes-ive-missed-olumide-oworu/|title= I can't count the number of classes I've missed–OLUMIDE OWORU|author=Joe Agbro Jr|date= July 12, 2015|publisher=The Nation|access-date=July 20, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allure.vanguardngr.com/2016/07/music-side-project/|website =Vanguard Allure|title=I Do Music As A Side Project…Olumide Oworu|access-date=July 20, 2016}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Oworu ya halarci Kwalejin Sarki ta Legas da [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://8barsandaclef.com/gallery/olumide-oworu-as-crash-kid/|title=Olumide Oworu as crash kid|website=8 bars and a clef|access-date=July 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914180759/http://8barsandaclef.com/gallery/olumide-oworu-as-crash-kid/|archive-date=September 14, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya kammala karatu a Jami'ar Babcock a watan Yunin 2017. Oworu ya fara wasan kwaikwayo yana da shekaru shida tare da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Everyday People . An kuma san shi da rawar da ya taka mai tari a cikin Africa Magic Series The ''[[The Johnsons (Nigerian TV series)|Johnsons]]'' . Kuma ya fito a wasu jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar The Patriot, The Men In Her Life, Hammer, Stolen Waters, da New Son. nuna halin 'Weki' a cikin jerin [[Shuga Naija|Shuga]] na MTV Base, shafi na 3 da 4.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/naija-fashion/189927-ready-for-more-shuga-more-characters-more-angst-more-drama-as-show-hits-4th-season.html|publisher =Premium Times|title= Ready for More Shuga? More Characters, More Angst, More Drama as Show Hits 4th Season|access-date=July 20, 2016|author=Lola Okusanmi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mtvshuga.com/cast/weki/|website=MTV Shuga|title=Meet the Cast|access-date=July 20, 2016|archive-date=July 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720075053/http://mtvshuga.com/cast/weki/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/olumide-oworu-actor-talks-shuga-acting-balancing-school-and-work-amvca-nomination-id4589176.html|title=Olumide Oworu: Actor talks "Shuga," acting, balancing school and work, AMVCA nomination|publisher=The Pulse|access-date=July 20, 2016|archive-date=August 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816133038/http://pulse.ng/movies/olumide-oworu-actor-talks-shuga-acting-balancing-school-and-work-amvca-nomination-id4589176.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/olumide-oworu-i-like-how-i-can-look-back-on-my-life-and-see-progression-actor-talks-amvca-nomination-id4569310.html|title=I like how I can look back on my life and see progression," actor talks AMVCA nomination|publisher=Pulse|author=Chidumga Izuzu|date=January 18, 2016|access-date=July 20, 2016|archive-date=August 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816145803/http://pulse.ng/movies/olumide-oworu-i-like-how-i-can-look-back-on-my-life-and-see-progression-actor-talks-amvca-nomination-id4569310.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shi mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin ne. Olumide ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa ciki har da kyautar "Mr. Popularity" a gasar Model of Africa na 2012, kyautar Nollywood Revelation of The Year a Scream Awards 2014, da kuma kyautar The Most Promising Youth Actor a Ping Awards 2014. Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Kyautar Nollywood ta 2015 da kuma Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayon tallafi don rawar da ya taka a cikin shirin ''Labarin Soja'' a cikin Kyautattun Masu Bincike na Afirka na 2016. == Shirye-Shiryen da ya fito == * ''Mutanen yau da kullun'' * ''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' * ''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' * ''[[The Johnsons (Nigerian TV series)|Johnsons]]'' * ''Mutumin Allah'' * ''Daga Gida'' * [[Day of Destiny (fim)|Ranar Makoma]] * [[The New Normal (fim)|Sabon Al'ada]] * [[She Is (fim)|Ita ce]] * Kyaddala * Ijakumo * Ranar Yana da Shi (Season 3) * Mai ba da lissafi * Zaɓuɓɓuka * Tafiya * Game da Ɗa * ''[[A Tribe Called Judah|Ƙabilar da ake kira Yahuza]]'' == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8m4g0sft38n8gp0tagsfff8vls6i9g8 0 72329 548064 385437 2024-11-29T03:07:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Norbert Young''' ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya. Ya bayyana a cikin jerin kamar Third Eye, a Family Circle .Baya ga aikinsa a talabijin da fina-finai, <ref>[http://pulse.ng/movies/norbert-young-top-5-films-of-talented-veteran-actor-id3934784.html Norbert Young:- Top 5 films of talented veteran actor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721115954/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/norbert-young-top-5-films-of-talented-veteran-actor-id3934784.html |date=2017-07-21 }}, Chidumga Izuzu, PulseNG. 7 March 2015, Retrieved 7 June 2015</ref> Young ya kuma bayyana a cikin wasanni da yawa da kuma shirye-shiryen mataki. <ref>[http://www.modernghana.com/movie/5166/norbert-young-its-showtime-at-50.html Norbert Young... It's Showtime At 50.] Modern Ghana.com, 6 June 2009.</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Young ya fito ne daga Jihar Delta, ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Gloria Young . == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''<nowiki><i id="mwIg">Kasuwanci</i></nowiki>'' * ''[[Alan Poza]]'' * ''[[Heroes & Zeros (fim)|Jarumai & Zeroes]]'' * ''[[Living Funeral (fim)|Rayuwa ta jana'izar (fim)]]'' * ''[[zr-7: The Red House Seven|ZR-7: Gidan Red Bakwai]]'' * Yankin da ke da yashi == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] arshzq7ju4sp7v3tgilhkxqzcc7vq4v 0 73000 548072 509255 2024-11-29T03:30:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548072 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Signature d'Edmond Pascal.jpg|thumb|Pascal]]   [[Fayil:Mike Colter (53318482502) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Pascal Aka]] '''Pascal Aka''' (an haife shi a [[Ivory Coast]], 17 ga Yuli, 1985) shi ne darektan fina-finai na Ivory Coast، ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, darektan bidiyo na kiɗa kuma furodusa, sananne ne saboda aikinsa a kan "Jamie da Eddie: Souls of Strife (2007) ", "Evol (2010) ", Double-Cross wanda ya sami gabatarwa da yawa a Ghana Movies Award 2014. == Farkon aiki == [[Fayil:Skalp (a.k.a. Pascal Lemaire).jpg|thumb|Pascal Aka]] haife shi a Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Pascal Aka ya girma a Ghana. Ya halarci Jami'ar Carleton da ke Ontario inda ya yi karatun "shirye-shiryen nazarin fina-finai" kuma tsohon mai horar da shi a Kungiyar Mai Fim mai zaman kanta ta Ottawa, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta, Shugaban Kwamitin Bambancin da Mataimakin Shugaban kasa. Ya samar da fim dinsa na farko "Jamie da Eddie: Souls of Strife" wanda ya samar, ya ba da umarni kuma ya yi aiki tare yana da shekaru 21. Bayan shekaru 9 a Kanada, Pascal ya koma Ghana kuma ya fara kamfaninsa na samarwa da ake kira "Breakthrough Media Productions". == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi |- |2007 |Jamie da Eddie: Souls of Strife (Short) |Marubuci, darektan, furodusa |- |2010 |''Juyawa'' |Marubuci, furodusa, darektan |- |2011 |''Tunanin Zuciya'' |Marubuci, furodusa, darektan |- |2012 |''Ceto'' |Marubuci, furodusa, darektan |- |2013 |''Mista Q'' |Marubuci, furodusa, darektan, |- |2014 |Sau biyu (Ƙarƙashin) |Daraktan |- |2014 |''Tarihin Banku'' (Kadan) |Darakta, furodusa, marubuci |- |2015 |''Tsayarwa'' |Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2015 |''<nowiki/>'Yan sanda na Ghana'' (Short) |Marubuci, furodusa, edita, darektan |- |2016 |''Lokaci na Farko'' (Short) |Mai gabatarwa, darektan |- |2017 |''Black Rose'' |Mai gabatarwa, darektan, marubuci |- |} == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon |- |2009 |Ayyuka a kan Bikin Fim na Duniya |Mafi kyawun Tsarin Ayyuka |''Jamie da Eddie: Rayukan Rikici''|{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2983144/awards|title=Pascal Aka|website=IMDb}}</ref> |- |2009 |Ayyuka a kan Bikin Fim na Duniya |Mafi kyawun Fim na Ƙasashen waje |''Jamie da Eddie: Rayukan Rikici''|{{Nom}} |- |2010 |Ayyuka a kan Bikin Fim na Duniya |Mafi kyawun Tsarin Ayyuka - Fasali |''Juyawa''|{{Nom}} |- |2010 |Ayyuka a kan Bikin Fim na Duniya |Mafi kyawun Fim na 'yan tawaye - Fim |''Juyawa''|{{Nom}} |- |2014 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Darakta Mafi Kyawu |[[Double-Cross (2014 fim)|Sauye-sauye Biyu]]|{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2014/12/31/full-list-2014-ghana-movie-awards-winners-joselyn-dumas-adjetey-anang-lil-win/|title=Full List of the 2014 Ghana Movie Awards Winners – Joselyn Dumas, Adjetey Anang, Lil Win & Others|date=December 31, 2014|publisher=}}</ref> |- |2014 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Hoton da ya fi dacewa |[[Double-Cross (2014 fim)|Sauye-sauye Biyu]]|{{Won}} |- |2014 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Mafi kyawun Cinematography |[[Double-Cross (2014 fim)|Sauye-sauye Biyu]]|{{Won}} |- |2014 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Mafi kyawun gajeren fim |''<nowiki/>'Yan sanda na Ghana''|{{Won}} |- |2014 |Bikin Fim na Accra na Faransanci |Mafi Kyawun Comedy |''Mista Q''|{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2014/12/31/full-list-2014-ghana-movie-awards-winners-joselyn-dumas-adjetey-anang-lil-win/|title=Full List of the 2014 Ghana Movie Awards Winners – Joselyn Dumas, Adjetey Anang, Lil Win & Others|date=December 31, 2014|publisher=}}</ref> |- |2016 |Bikin Fim na Duniya na Gaskiya (RTF) |Mafi kyawun gajeren fim na Afirka |''Lokaci na Farko''|{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.omenkaonline.com/review-real-time-international-film-festival-inaugural-lagos-edition/|title=Review: Real Time International Film Festival Inaugural Lagos Edition – Omenka Online|first=Adebimpe|last=Adebambo|website=www.omenkaonline.com|access-date=2024-03-01|archive-date=2021-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110120910/https://www.omenkaonline.com/review-real-time-international-film-festival-inaugural-lagos-edition/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/her-first-time-pascal-akas-short-film-wins-best-african-short-film-at-2016-realtime-film-festival-id5561483.html?-1794127774.1525125035|title="Her First Time": Pascal Aka"s short film wins "Best African Short Film" at 2016 RealTime Film Festival|first=David|last=Mawuli|publisher=|access-date=2024-03-01|archive-date=2018-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630000259/http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/her-first-time-pascal-akas-short-film-wins-best-african-short-film-at-2016-realtime-film-festival-id5561483.html?-1794127774.1525125035|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2016 |Afirka a cikin bikin fina-finai |Mafi kyawun gajeren fim |''Black Rose''|{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lolakenyascreen.org/finalists-for-best-short-film-competition-announced/|title=Finalists for Best Short Film Competition Announced – Lola Kenya Screen|website=www.lolakenyascreen.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Africa-in-Motion-announces-finalists-for-short-film-competition-580026|title=Africa in Motion announces finalists for short film competition|website=www.ghanaweb.com}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q2wuqjpuuri13anrx7s52c7my3jxbme 0 73024 548013 397423 2024-11-28T23:01:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kafui Danku''' [[Ɗan wasa|'yar wasan]] Ghana ce kuma mai shirya fina-finai, wacce aka fi sani da rawar da ta taka a [[Film|fina-finai]] irin su ''Any Other Monday'', ''Alvina: Thunder and Lightning'', ''I Do'', da [[4 Play (fim)|''4Play'']].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Actress-Kafui-Danku-has-given-birth-498595|title=Actress Kafui Danku has given birth|website=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Trailer-Kafui-Danku-to-premiere-Any-Other-Monday-on-March-4-411163|title=Trailer: Kafui Danku to premiere 'Any Other Monday' on March 4|website=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/kafui-danku-actress-and-producer-says-romantic-roles-in-movies-do-not-affect-her-marriage-life-id3544210.html|title=Kafui Danku: Actress And Producer Says, Romantic Roles In Movies Do Not Affect Her Marriage Life|first=David|last=Mawuli|publisher=|accessdate=13 June 2018|archive-date=10 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710195216/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/kafui-danku-actress-and-producer-says-romantic-roles-in-movies-do-not-affect-her-marriage-life-id3544210.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9230040/|title=Kafui Danku|website=IMDb|language=en|access-date=2018-12-14}}</ref> Ita ce kuma marubuciyar littafin ''Silence Is Not Golden''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Kafui-Danku-launches-Silence-Is-Not-Golden-book-urges-women-to-speak-out-635565|title=Kafui Danku launches 'Silence Is Not Golden' book; urges women to speak out|website=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Kafui a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta 1982.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Plug |first=Ak |date=2020-11-24 |title=Kafui Danku Biography, Movies and Net Worth in 2023 - Afrokonnect |url=https://afrokonnect.ng/kafui-danku-biography-net-worth/ |access-date=2023-11-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta girma a Ho, kuma garinsu shine Tanyigbe-Etoe, wani gari a yankin Volta na Ghana. Ta yi karatun farko a Mawuli Primary da JSS. Ta ci gaba da halartar makarantar ‘yan mata ta Ola a [[yankin Volta]] na Ghana, sannan ta ci gaba da karatunta a Jami’ar Cape Coast da ke [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|yankin tsakiyar Ghana]] inda ta yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasaha a Turanci. == Sana'a == Kafui ta fara sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kafin ta shiga masana'antar fina-finai ta Ghana a shekarar 2009. Ita yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma marubuciya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/It-s-been-12-years-of-wonderful-moment-with-my-husband-Kafui-Danku-1443745 |access-date=2024-03-01 |archive-date=2023-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823214340/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/It-s-been-12-years-of-wonderful-moment-with-my-husband-Kafui-Danku-1443745 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ita kuma mai bayar da shawara ce kuma mai Vlogger. Ita ce tsohuwar sarauniyar kyau. Ta halarci Miss Ghana 2004, inda ta zama 'yar wasan karshe, kuma a Miss Greater Accra 2004, ta lashe gasar. Ita ce mai haɗin gwiwar ABC Limited (ABC Pictures GH), kamfanin shirya fina-finai a Ghana. Fim ɗin ta na farko a masana'antar fina-finai ta Ghana shine ''Agony of the Christ'', tare da jarumai kamar Majid Michel da Nadia Buari.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Buckman-Owoo |first=Jayne |date=9 October 2021 |title=Social media for good: The Kafui Danku way |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/celebrity/social-media-for-good-the-kafui-danku-way.html |access-date=13 November 2023 |website=Graphic Online}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ta auri wani ɗan ƙasar Kanada mai suna Kojo Pitcher. <ref name=":1"/> Ma'auratan biyu sun yi aure a shekara ta 2011. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu; Lorde Ivan Pitcher da Titan Pitcher. <ref name=":1" /> Kafui tana da 'yan'uwa biyu. Iyayenta sune Madam Agnes Asigbey (Ma'aikaciyar jinya mai ritaya) da kuma marigayi John Danku. == Tallafawa == A watan Mayun 2018, ta kaddamar da wani aiki mai suna 'Ghana Power Kids Charity Ball' don taimakawa yara a sashin Kwashiorkor na asibitin yara na Princess Marie Louise a Accra.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-10 |title=Kafui Danku to support Kwashiokor Unit of Princess Marie Louise Hospital |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Kafui-Danku-to-support-Kwashiokor-Unit-of-Princess-Marie-Louise-Hospital-650507 |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] eyt29pafo8yesfhy3uvvq6wwi80hamj 0 73106 548075 425754 2024-11-29T03:40:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Peter King Nzioki Mwania''' (an haife shi 25 ga Mayu 1978), wanda aka fi sani da '''Peter King''', [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan]] kwaikwayon Kenya ne. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.spla.pro/en/file.person.peter-king-nzioki.35012.html| title=Peter King Nzioki | publisher=SPLA | access-date=6 November 2020}}</ref><ref name= pulse>{{cite web | url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/the-ceo-ive-been-an-actor-all-these-years-no-one-noticed-peter-king-says/36r7knj| title=‘I’ve been an actor all these years, no one noticed’, Peter King says| publisher=The Pulse | access-date=6 November 2020}}</ref> An fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka a cikin fina-finan ''The Constant Gardener'', ''The Fifth Estate'' and ''Sense8'' . <ref name="pulse" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Nzioki a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1978 a Nairobi, Kenya. Mahaifinsa Michael David Mwania, yayi aiki a rundunar sojojin Kenya kuma mahaifiyarsa tana aiki a asibitin sojoji. Yana da shekaru shida, ya shiga ayyukan coci a barikin Lang'ata. Ya yi karatunsa a makarantar sakandare ta Lang'ata da ke Nairobi. <ref name= kenyabuzz>{{cite web | url=https://www.kenyabuzz.com/lifestyle/hot-peter-king-mwania/| title=Peter King Mwania | publisher=kenyabuzz | access-date=6 November 2020}}</ref> Ya auri abokin wasan kwaikwayo Tess King.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10182-2638546/peter-king-nzioki-in-biographical-summaries-of-notable-people| title=Peter King Nzioki: In Biographical Summaries of Notable People | publisher=myheritage | access-date=6 November 2020}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ya fara wasan kwaikwayo a shekara ta 2000 a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasar Kenya na tsawon shekaru uku karkashin jagorancin Joab Kanuka. A gidan wasan kwaikwayo, ya buga 'Iago' a cikin Phoenix Players samar da Shakespeare bala'i ''Othello'' . A cikin 2005, ya yi fim ɗin sa na halarta na farko tare da ƙaramin rawa a cikin ''The Constant Gardener'' wanda Fernando Meirelles ya jagoranta. A wannan shekarar, ya fito a matsayin 'Barman' a cikin fim din talabijin ''Transit'' . A cikin 2016, ya fito a cikin fim ɗin mai ban sha'awa ''The CEO'' inda ya taka rawar 'Jomo'. Fim ɗin ya sami farkonsa 10 Yuli 2016, a Eko Hotels & Suites, Victoria Island, Legas kuma daga baya ya sami yabo mai mahimmanci. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/07/chioma-nnanna-reviews-kunle-afolayans-new-movie-the-c-e-o/ |title=Chioma Nnanna Reviews Kunle Afolayan’s New Movie ‘The C.E.O |last=Nnanna |first=Chioma |date=July 31, 2016 |website=Bellanaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-kunle-afolayans-the-ceo-isnt-a-conventional-nollywood-movie-id5302986.html |title=Kunle Afolayan's "The CEO" isn't a conventional Nollywood movie |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=July 25, 2016 |website=Pulse.ng |access-date=March 1, 2024 |archive-date=August 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804040041/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-kunle-afolayans-the-ceo-isnt-a-conventional-nollywood-movie-id5302986.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya yi wasu fitattun bayyanu a matsayin 'Mkwajo' a cikin lambar yabo ta Mo Faya wanda Eric Wainaina ya jagoranta; ma'auratan makirci a Facebook kuma dan siyasa mai cin hanci da rashawa 'Mzito' a Ni Sisi . Bayan ayyuka da yawa na mugaye, ya sami matsayi a matsayin uba a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen MTV Shuga 2, sannan a matsayin mai horar da ƙwallon ƙafa mai ban sha'awa a cikin Labari na ciki wanda aka watsa a cikin Channel Discovery; da mai wa'azi a cikin Tatsuniyar Niƙa Wuka . A cikin 2016, an zaɓe shi don taka rawa a matsayin ubangidan laifi na Kenya 'Silas Kabaka' a cikin jerin Netflix ''Sense8'' . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense8 Matsayin ya sanya shi shahararren ɗan wasan talabijin a Kenya. == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Matsayi ! Salon ! Ref. |- | 2005 | ''Mai lambu Constant'' | Dansanda 1 | Fim | |- | 2005 | ''Tafiya'' | Barman | Fim ɗin TV | |- | 2007 | ''Labarin Nikawar Wuka'' | Mai wa'azi | Short film | |- | 2007 | ''Makutano Junction'' | Albert Mukara | jerin talabijan | |- | 2010 | ''[[Ndoto Za Elibidi]]'' | Dansanda 1 | Fim | |- | 2013 | ''Estate na Biyar'' | Oscar Kamau Kingara | Fim | |- | 2016 | ''Shugaba'' | Jomo | Fim | |- | 2016 | ''[[Kati Kati]]'' | Sarki | Fim | |- | 2016 | ''Hankali8'' | Silas Kabaka | jerin talabijan | |- | 2018 | ''Mafarauci'' | Kennedy | Short film | |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1979]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oj9a0cwnpw1hqsec76n1jdvw81rkbv3 0 73155 548044 388881 2024-11-29T00:35:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mac Jordan Amartey''' (1936-2018) ya kasance sanannen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Dan Ghana.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/July-6th/actor-mac-jordan-amartey-has-died.php|title=Actor Mac Jordan Amartey has died|work=Joy Online|date=7 June 2018|access-date=18 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/veteran-actor-mac-jordan-amartey-dead-id8586264.html|title=Veteran actor, Mac Jordan Amartey dead|last=Arthur|first=Portia|work=Pulse|date=7 June 2018|access-date=26 November 2018|archive-date=29 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129113316/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/sad-news-veteran-actor-mac-jordan-amartey-dead/q693gkv|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Razz Online|title=Mac Jordan Amartey acting his first movie after amputation of leg|date=31 October 2016|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3fGKFaXElK4|access-date=26 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-06-23|title=Ghanaian movie stars who rocked the 90’s and early 2000’s|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Ghanaian-movie-stars-who-rocked-the-90-s-and-early-2000-s-364049|access-date=2020-07-11|website=www.ghanaweb.com}}</ref> Ya kasance tsohon ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a fina-finai na Ghana. cikin 2017, ya bayyana cewa ya yi amfani da kafafu na hannu bayan an yanke shi sakamakon [[Ciwon suga|Ciwon sukari]]. Amartey shahara sosai a fina-finai da yawa na Ghana ciki har da shahararren jerin shirye-shiryen TV na Idikoko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mac Jordan Amartey has died |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/mac-jordan-amartey-has-died.html |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == * Matsalar Zuciya (1993) * ''Black Star (2006) '' * ''Mai dawowa 2 (1995) '' * ''Wanda aka azabtar da shi na soyayya (1998) '' * Hukunce-hukuncen ya yi<ref>{{Citation |title=Fatal Decision ; Mac Jordan Amartey Movie |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4eCUk9cZ4w |language=en |access-date=2022-09-05}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Jordan mutu a asibitin koyarwa na Korle Bu a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2018, bayan ya yi fama da ciwon sukari. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-09-09 |title=Mac Jordan Amartey finally laid to rest |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mac-Jordan-Amartey-finally-laid-to-rest-683429 |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mac Jordan Amartey has died |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/mac-jordan-amartey-has-died.html |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref>Ya bar matarsa da yara huɗu. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|2717286}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] 5zpnl2whd93kd5afk21j0hkgcdk0f5i 0 73419 548054 510610 2024-11-29T01:39:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Moesha Buduong''' ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta gidan talabijin [[Ghana|Dan Ghana]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayon kuma an san ta dalilin wata hira mai rikitarwa ga mai ba da rahoto na [[CNN]] Christiane Amanpour kan batutuwan jima'i, soyayya da jinsi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/watch-moesha-bodoung-s-complete-interview-with-cnn-s-amanpour.html|title=Watch Moesha Boduong's complete interview with CNN's Amanpour|date=2018-04-24|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Don-t-condemn-Moesha-Boduong-CNN-s-Amanpour-644056|title=Don't condemn Moesha Boduong – CNN's Amanpour|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/africa/1254088/cnn-ghana-and-moesha-boduong-spark-backlash-on-sex-love-and-african-women/|title=A CNN interview sparked another Ghana backlash and a debate about women, sex and love|first=Pamela|last=Ofori-Boateng|website=Quartz Africa|language=en|access-date=2019-03-09}}</ref> == Rikici == A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, Buduong ta kasance ƙarƙashin zargi daga ƴan ƙasar Ghana. A kan wata hira mai rikitarwa da ta zanta a wani rahoto ga CNN Christiane Amanpour. A cikin hira, Buduong ta ambaci cewa matan Ghana suna amfani da maza a matsayin tushen samun kuɗin shiga, tunda tattalin arziki yana da wahala. Suna yin hakan ta hanyar yin jima'i da maza. <ref name=":0" /> An nakalto ta tana cewa "A Ghana, tattalin arzikinmu hanya ce da kuna buƙatar wani don kula da ku. Ba za ku iya samun isasshen kuɗi a matsayin mace a nan ba. Saboda ko da lokacin da kuke son samun gida, a Ghana suna ɗaukar shekaru biyu" ci gaba kuma na fara aiki inda zan sami kuɗi don biyan?" Maganganunta ta sami zargi mai tsanani daga maza da mata waɗanda suka ji tana batama Ghana suna (da kuma ta Afirka). Mutane kamar John Dumelo, [[Lydia Forson]], Eazzy, DKB da Afia Odo sun bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a kan [[Twitter]], mafi yawan ra'ayoyin na suka ne. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} * http://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/moesha-boduong-id4984861.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829130256/https://www.pulse.com.gh/bio/moesha-boduong-id4984861.html |date=2018-08-29 }} * http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/ghanaians-actress-18-things-you-should-know-about-moesha-boduong-id7208005.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620074337/http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/ghanaians-actress-18-things-you-should-know-about-moesha-boduong-id7208005.html |date=2018-06-20 }} ==Hanyoyin Hadi na waje== *{{IMDb name|8197146}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buduong, Moesha}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1990]] qemu97yp9fmhfgr6bmfwp0i742x15wc 0 73665 547601 495620 2024-11-28T17:06:42Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:50 inf div -vector.svg|thumb|150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)]] '''Brigade na 150th Infantry Brigade,''' [[Wariyar muhalli|wani]] [[Rundunar ƴan Sandan Najeriya|runduna]] ne na [[Sojan Turkiyya|Sojan]] [[Birtaniya|Biritaniya]] [[wanda]] ya ga aikin aiki a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]]. Brigade na Territorial Army na 1st Line, wani bangare ne na 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division. Ya yi aiki a yakin Faransa kuma an fitar da shi daga Dunkirk. Daga baya ta yi aiki a Gabas ta Tsakiya kuma aka mamaye ta sannan kuma aka tilasta ta mika wuya a lokacin yakin Gazala a yakin Arewacin Afirka . Kusan sa'o'i 72 (29-31 ga Mayu 1942) a lokacin yakin Brigade na 150 da na Royal Tank Regiment na 44 da aka gudanar da hare-haren Erwin Rommel, ba tare da wani tallafi ba. A ranar 1 ga watan Yuni sojojin Jamus sun tilasta musu mika wuya. Ba a yi wa brigade gyara ba. == Tsarin yaƙi == Raka'o'i masu zuwa sun kasance Brigade na 150: <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> * 4th Battalion, Gabashin Yorkshire Regiment * Bataliya ta 4, Green Howards * Bataliya ta 5, Green Howards * 150th Infantry Brigade Kamfanin Anti-Tank - ''8 Disamba 1939 zuwa 1 Janairu 1941'' == Yaƙin Faransa == 50th (Northumbrian) Division aka tattara akan barkewar yaƙi a cikin Satumba shekarar 1939. Bayan horarwa ta yi tafiya zuwa Faransa a cikin Janairu 1940 don shiga sabuwar Rundunar Baƙin Biritaniya (BEF). <ref name="Joslen50">Joslen, pp. 81–2.</ref> <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> <ref name="EllisF&F2">[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-2.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter II.]</ref> Yaƙin Faransa ya fara ne a ranar 10 ga Mayu tare da mamayewar Jamus na Ƙasashen Ƙasashe . BEF ta bi shirin D da aka riga aka shirya kuma ta ci gaba zuwa Belgium don ɗaukar matakan tsaro tare da Kogin Dyle . Rukunin 50th (N) yana cikin tanadi don sassan da ke kan layin Dyle zuwa 15 ga Mayu. <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-3.html Ellis, Chapter III.]</ref> Duk da haka, Sojojin Jamus sun kutsa cikin Ardennes zuwa gabas, wanda ya tilasta BEF sake janyewa a cikin jerin layin kogi. A karshen 19 ga Mayu gaba ɗayan sojojin sun dawo a fadin Escaut, tare da 50th (N) Division suna mai da hankali kan Vimy Ridge a sama da Arras kuma suna shirin kai hari kan sojojin Jamus da ke wucewa zuwa teku. <ref name="EllisF&F4">[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-4.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter IV.]</ref> <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-5.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter V.]</ref> An kai harin ( Yakin Arras ) ne a ranar 21 ga Mayu, amma 150th Bde bai shiga ba, an tura shi don ƙarfafa sansanin Arras da kuma riƙe layin kogin Scarpe . Da rana ta kai farmaki a rafin. <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-6.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter VI.]</ref> Yayin da Jamusawa suka ci gaba da tafiya zuwa yamma, bayan BEF, Arras ya zama mai haɗari mai haɗari, kuma 150th Bde ya fuskanci hari a ranar 23 ga Mayu. Ya yi yaƙi da hanyarsa daga Arras ta hanyar Douai a wannan dare yayin da BEF ta yunƙura don samar da zoben tsaro zagaye Dunkirk . <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-8.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter VIII.]</ref> Daga nan ne aka jefa runduna ta 50 (N) cikin tazarar da ta bar kusa da Ypres lokacin da Sojojin Belgium suka mika wuya. <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-9.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter IX.]</ref> <ref name="EllisF&F12">[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-12.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter XII.]</ref> <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-13.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter XIII.]</ref> Ya zuwa yanzu an yanke shawarar ficewa daga BEF ta hanyar Dunkirk ( Operation Dynamo ), kuma 50th (N) Division ya rike layin don ba da damar hakan ya ci gaba. Duk ranar 29 ga Mayu an kai harin bam yayin da take ja da baya, har yanzu tana tuntuɓar abokan gaba. <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-14.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter XIV.]</ref> An kwashe sauran na II Corps a daren 31 ga Mayu/1 ga Yuni, yayin da 50th (N) Division ya ci gaba da rike layin. <ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/UK-NWE-Flanders-15.html Ellis, ''France & Flanders'', Chapter XV.]</ref> A ƙarshe, Bde na 150th ya zo, kuma an kwashe shi zuwa Ingila a ranar 2 ga Yuni. <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> [[Fayil:The British Army in the United Kingdom 1939-45 H18493.jpg|thumb|150th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)]] Rukunin na 50 (N) ya shafe kusan shekara guda yana sake samar da kayan aiki da horarwa a Burtaniya, inda ya ɗauki matsayinsa a cikin tsaron mamayewa, kafin a zabi shi don sabunta hidimar ƙasashen waje. <ref name="Joslen50">Joslen, pp. 81–2.</ref> == Arewacin Afirka == Runduna ta 50 (N) ta tashi don karfafa sojojin Gabas ta Tsakiya a ranar 23 ga Afrilu 1941, ta sauka a Masar ranar 13 ga Yuni. Daga nan aka aika zuwa garrison Cyprus, amma 150th Bde aka ware zuwa Western Desert Force (WDF). Duk da haka, Operation Battleaxe na WDF ya gaza, ba a buƙatar 150th Bde nan da nan ba, kuma a cikin Agusta ya koma 50th (N) Division a Cyprus. A watan Nuwamba ƙungiyar ta ƙaura ta teku da hanya zuwa Iraki, amma an sake 150th Bde aka ware zuwa Masar a matsayin ƙungiyar brigade mai zaman kanta, ta isa ranar 29 ga Nuwamba kuma ta shiga soja na takwas a ranar 22 ga Disamba. <ref name="Joslen50">Joslen, pp. 81–2.</ref> <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> <ref>Playfair, pp. 2, 73–4.</ref> Yayin da yake aiki azaman ƙungiyar brigade mai zaman kanta ya haɗa da ƙarin ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa: <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> * [[72nd (Northumbrian) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery|72nd (Northumbrian) Regiment, Royal Artillery]] * 232nd (Northumbrian) Filin Kamfanin, Injiniyoyi na Sarauta <ref name="W&R">Watson & Rinaldi, p. 163.</ref> * Battalion Recce na 50 - ''har zuwa 22 ga Disamba 1941'' * Kamfanin 'B', Royal Army Service Corps * Sassan, Royal Army Ordnance Corps Operation Crusader yana ƙarewa yayin da brigade ya isa jeji, kuma an yi jinkiri na wasu watanni kafin a sake fara aiki. Sauran runduna ta 50 (N) ta isa a watan Fabrairu, kuma 150th Bde ta koma ga umarninta a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, amma dukkanin dakarunta za su yi aiki a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a mataki na gaba na fada ( Yaƙin Gazala ). <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> === Yakin Gazala === [[File:Map_of_siege_of_Tobruk_1942.jpg|alt=150th Brigade's position at the start of the battle can be seen in the map|right|250x250px| Ana iya ganin matsayin Brigade na 150 a farkon yaƙin a taswirar <ref>Ramsden.</ref>]] " Layin Gazala " jerin "akwatuna" ne da aka mamaye kowanne daga cikin ƙarfin sojojin da aka kafa a cikin hamada tare da wuraren nakiyoyi da waya da masu sintiri akai-akai ke kallo a tsakanin akwatunan. Lokacin da Janar Erwin Rommel ya kai hari a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 150th da 69th Bdes na Division 50th sun mamaye akwatuna biyu: akwai tazarar {{Convert|6|mi|km}} tsakanin Bde 150 a Sidi Muftah da 69th Bde zuwa arewa, da wani tazar {{Convert|13|mi|km}} tsakanin 150th Bde da 1st Akwatin Faransa Brigade a Bir Hakeim zuwa kudu. Ba a yi amfani da layin ba daidai ba, yawancin sojojin da ke rufe bakin tekun sun bar kudu ba tare da kariya ba. Runduna ta farko ta Afirka ta Kudu ta kasance mafi kusa ga bakin tekun, tare da runduna ta 1 da ta 7 masu sulke suna jira a bayan babban layi a matsayin rundunar hana kai hare-hare ta wayar hannu. Sashen Afirka ta Kudu na 2 ya kafa sansanin soja a Tobruk kuma 5th Indian Infantry Division (wanda ya zo a watan Afrilu don rage 4th Indian Infantry Division ) aka ajiye a ajiye. <ref>Playfair, pp. 216–7.</ref> [[4th South African Armoured Car Regiment|Rundunar Sojojin Afirka ta Kudu ta 4]] ta ga ci gaban Jamus a farkon hasken ranar 27 ga Mayu. Da Misalin Karfe 08:30 suka wuce HQ ta 7th Armored Division. Wannan ya warwatsa Brigade na Motoci na 7, wanda ya ja baya zuwa [[Retma Box|Akwatin Retma]], mil goma sha biyar gabas da Bir Hakeim, yayin da Brigade na 4th Armored Brigade, ya yi yaƙi duk rana don dakile maharan. Da yammacin ranar, harin na Jamus ya ragargaza rukunin 7th Armored Division kuma suna cikin matsayi don kai hari ga 201st Guards Motor Brigade, a cikin [[Knightsbridge Box|Akwatin Knightsbridge]] . A yanzu Jamusawa sun kai hari Akwatin Retma, wanda Rangers (Karki na 9th King's Royal Rifle Corps ) suka yi garkuwa da shi, Brigade na Biyu, C Bty 4th RHA, da kuma rukunin hana tanki na Rhodesian . Tare da manyan bindigogin Panzers sun kutsa kai cikin sauri, inda suka mamaye KRRC ta 9, tare da sauran dakarun da suka koma gabas da [[Bir El Gubi]] . Jamusawa yanzu sun tura Panzers ɗin su zuwa arewa, suna tafiya a bayan Akwatin Gazala, inda juriyar Birtaniyya ta yi ƙarfi a cikin abin da aka sani da Yaƙin Cauldron . Da yammacin ranar 28 ga Mayu ya bayyana wa Birgediya CW Haydon cewa za a kai wa Bde nasa na 150 hari daga wannan wajen, kuma ya ja da bataliyarsa ta kudanci ya shirya domin tsaron ko'ina, wanda wani bangare na 1st Army Tank Bde ya karfafa. ciki har da tankuna 30. Garrison na 150th Bde Box yanzu ya tsaya a: <ref>Playfair, pp. 223–7.</ref> * 150th Infantry Brigade HQ (Brig CW Haydon) ** 4th Gabashin Yorkshires ** 4th Green Howards ** 5th Green Howards ** Kamfanin D, Rejiment na Cheshire na 2 (bindigu na inji) ** 72nd (Northumbrian) Field Rgt, RA ** 25/26 Baturi, [[7th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery|7th Medium Rgt, RA]] ** 259 Baturi, 55th (Norfolk Yeimanry) Anti-Tank Rgt, RA ** 81 Baturi, 25th Haske Anti-Aircraft Rgt, RA ** 232 (Kamfanin Filayen Arewa, RE <ref name="W&R">Watson & Rinaldi, p. 163.</ref> * Dabara HQ, 1st Army Tank Bde (Brig WOL O'Carroll) ** Tawaga daya, Rejimentar Tankin Royal na 42 ** 44th Royal Tank Regiment Don taƙaita layin samar da kayayyaki, Axis ta fara share hanyoyi guda biyu ta cikin mahakar ma'adinan kowane gefen Akwatin Bde na 150 tare da Trigh el Abd da Trigh Capuzzo. Rundunar ta ajiye layukan samar da kayayyaki a ƙarƙashin wutan bindigogi, kuma duk da cewa ta kasa tsayar da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, hakan ya sa hanyar ba ta da amfani, ta yadda makiya da ke dauke da sulke a gabashin wuraren nakikan sun koma wani yanki mai zaman kansa na man fetur, alburusai da kuma man fetur. abinci. Rabon ruwansu ya kai rabin kofi na mutum.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2020}}</link> Tun a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu wasu sassan Afrika Korps suka yi yunkurin kutsa kai daga matsayin brigade amma suka tashi bayan sun yi asara. Washegari Rundunar Trieste ta Italiya da ta Jamus ta 90th Light Division sun kai hari, amma ba su sami ci gaba kadan ba a kan tsaron da suka bayyana a matsayin 'masu fasaha da taurin kai'. A ranar 1 ga watan Yuni Rommel ya karfafa maharan tare da runduna ta 21 ta Panzer da karin bindigogi, kuma an ci gaba da kai harin bayan nutsewar bam . Da tsakar rana 150th Bde ya ci nasara da jerin hare-hare masu yawa da mamayewa, an kashe Brigadier Haydon, kuma waɗanda suka tsira (ciki har da Brigadier O'Carroll) suka zama fursunonin yaƙi. :: Panzerarmee Afrika ''{{Sfn|Agar-Hamilton|Turner|1952}}'' ce a cikin rahoton yaƙi na yau da kullun. "Maƙiya da aka kewaye, da ke da goyon bayan tankuna masu yawa, sun sake tsayayya da taurin kai", "Kowane bangare daban a cikin kariya mai ƙarfi dole ne a yi yaƙi da shi. Maƙiya ta sha wahala mai nauyi, asarar jini. A ƙarshe aikin, wanda ya haifar da asarar nauyi ga sojojinmu, ya ƙare da cikakken nasara". == Kwamandoji == Mai zuwa ya umarci brigade: <ref name="Joslen150">Joslen, p. 334.</ref> * Brigadier HS Kreyer (a kan barkewar yaki) * Laftanar-Kanar WE Bush (wanda ya yi aiki daga 9 Afrilu 1940) * Brigadier CW Haydon (daga 26 Afrilu 1940; an kashe shi a ranar 1 ga Yuni 1942) == Bayan yakin == '.'Ba a sake fasalin 150th Brigade ba lokacin da aka sake kafa rukunin 50th (Northumbrian) a cikin Sojojin Yanki a shekarar 1947. Maimakon haka, 4th East Yorkshires da 4th Green Howards da aka gyara sun zama wani ɓangare na 151 Infantry Brigade, yanzu mai taken 'Yorkshire & Durham == Bayanan kula == {{Reflist}} == Nassoshi == * [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/UN/UK/UK-NWE-Flanders/index.html Maj L.F. Ellis, ''History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The War in France and Flanders 1939–1940'', London: HM Stationery Office, 1954/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004, 978-1-85457-056-6.] * I.S.O. Playfair, History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The Mediterranean and Middle East, Vol III: (September 1941 to September 1942) British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb, London: HM Stationery Office, 1960 /Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2004,   * Graham E. Watson & Richard A. Rinaldi, ''The Corps of Royal Engineers: Organization and Units 1889–2018'', Tiger Lily Books, 2018,   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.orbat.info/history/historical/uk/ta47.html Graham Watson, ''The Territorial Army 1947''] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Category: Burtaniya]] 0vzg3zbr6042gz515g83ke2ci1ehsi3 0 73702 548090 518652 2024-11-29T04:49:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548090 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Infobox person|name=Shirley Frimpong-Manso|image=File:Shirley Frimpong.jpg|image_size=|caption=Shirley Frimpong-Manso at the [[2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] in [[Lagos]]|birth_name=|birth_date={{birth date and age|16 March 1977}}|birth_place=Kwahu East District|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|other_names=|known_for=|education=|employer=|occupation=Film director and producer|title=|spouse=Ken Attoh (married 2009–present)|partner=|children=|parents=|relatives=|signature=|website=www.sparrowstation.com|footnotes=|nationality=Ghanaian}} [[Fayil:Shirley Frimpong-Manso 03.png|thumb|Shirley Frimpong-Manso]] '''Shirley Frimpong-Manso''' (an haife ta 16 Maris 1977) daraktan fina-finan [[Ghana|Ghana ce]], marubuci, kuma furodusa. Ita ce mai kafa da Shugaba na [[Sparrow Productions]], wani fim, talabijin da kamfanin samar da talla. Ta lashe mafi kyawun Darakta a lambar yabo ta 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards. Frimpong-Manso kuma shine shugaban tashar Sparrow, sabis na watsa bidiyo don nishaɗin Afirka daga Sparrow da sauran masu shirya fina-finai na Afirka. A shekarar 2013, ta kasance a matsayi na 48 mafi tasiri a [[Ghana]] a cewar E.TV Ghana.<ref name="obourcelebrities4">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA20102">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart2">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ETV20132">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> An kwatanta Frimpong-Manso a matsayin wanda "neman daukaka matsayin shirya fina-finai a Ghana da Afirka ta hanyar ba da labaran Afirka masu ci gaba kamar yadda ake gani ta idanun 'yan Afirka." Canza yadda ake nuna Ghana kuma ya zaburar da zaɓin aikinta. Fina-finan nata kuma an san su da "manyan jagororin mata," yayin da suke nuna matan Afirka tare da hukumar da za su iya zama masu cin abinci da gudanar da rayuwa mai sarkakiya. <ref name="AJAM20150322" /> A watan Disamba na 2019, fim ɗinta mai suna ' [[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]] ' ya fara yawo akan [[Netflix]] .<ref name="obourcelebrities3">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline201605132">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM201503222"/><ref name="Variety201508032">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Graphic201912162">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:Shirley_Frimpong-Manso's_awards.png|left|thumb| Kyautar ta]] Frimpong-Manso dan garin Kwahu Pepease ne a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|yankin Gabashin]] kasar Ghana. Tun tana yarinya ta shirya wasannin kwaikwayo, wanda "ya ji daɗi fiye da wasa da yashi da tsana". Ta sauke karatu a shekara ta 2000 a Cibiyar Fina-Finai da Talabijin ta kasa wadda aka fi sani da NAFTI a Ghana kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shirye a gidan rediyon Gold, wani tashar mai zaman kansa a [[Accra]], sannan ta ci gaba da fara samar da Sparrow Productions a 2003.<ref name="obourcelebrities2">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010}}</ref> <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> Mijinta da abokin kasuwanci [[Ken Attoh]], kuma suna da ɗa tare.<ref name="ghanacelebs201210022">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Tare da mai gabatarwa da mai wasan kwaikwayo [[Juliet Asante]], Frimpong-Manso ya taimaka wajen samar da TV show ''Heart to Heart'' na shekaru biyu jim kadan bayan makaranta. Ta kuma samar da: * ''Shades daban-daban na Blue'' - jerin talabijin game da 'yan matan jami'a biyar waɗanda ke raba ɗakin kwana a ɗakin kwanan dalibai na jami'a. * ''Personalities Kitchen'' – shirin dafa abinci wanda ke daukar nauyin mutane biyu kuma yana ƙalubalantar su ga cin shinkafar da suke so. * [[Fayil:Street Painting 04.jpg|thumb]]''Miss Ghana Pageant'' - ta fitar da 'yan wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Miss World cikin shekaru biyar a lokacinta. <ref name="obourcelebrities" /> == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" !Film !Production<br /><br />Year !Distribution<br /><br />Companies !Production<br /><br />Type !Notes |- |''Life and Living it'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The stories of four male friends: a musician, a dancer, a doctor, and an advertising manager. "Major themes include love, friendship, and family." |- |''Scorned'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the lives and loves of three Ghanaian women friends, focusing on marriage and societal norms of Ghana that are not represented in Western film. Frimpong-Manso won Best Director for ''The Perfect Picture'' at the 2010 Africa Movie Academy Awards, where her films garnered a total of four awards. |- |''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' |2009 |Sparrow Station |Film |"A cautionary tale about two Ghanaian men scrambling to find jobs." It won an Audience Favorite award at the 2010 Pan African Film &amp;amp; Arts Festival |- |''[[Checkmate (fim, 2010)|Checkmate]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |- |''[[6 Hours to Christmas]]'' |2010 |Sparrow Station |Film |A tale of a creative director whose life was overturned when he was tempted to stray on Christmas Eve. |- |''Peep'' |2011 |Sparrow Station TV3 |TV series |- |''[[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Contract]]'' |2012 |Sparrow Station |Film |A successful businessman who desires to avoid marital responsibility contracts with a woman to bear his child. Six nominations at 2013 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best director. Won four awards at 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards, including best movie. |- |''[[Adams Apples]]'' |2011–2013 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A 10-part serial released during one year starting in April 2011. It follows the lives of four women (a mother and three adult children) in modern Ghana. |- |''[[Potomanto]]'' |2013 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |About "an emotionally sore private investigator who mistakenly stumbles on a case of organ harvesting." Nine nominations at 2014 Africa Movie Academy Awards, including best film and best director. |- |''Big for Nothing'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Stranger in my Bed'' |2013 |Sparrow Station |Short film |- |''Tenant'' |2013 |Africa Magic |TV series |- |''[[Devil in the Detail (fim)|Devil in the Detail]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |Suspicions of marital infidelity. "Shirley Frimpong-Manso toyed with us and tripped us up over whether Helen cheated on her husband. At first it was Ben that was suspicious of Helen but then she literally flipped the script and Helen became suspicious of Ben. The core of the movie deals with morality...." One nomination for 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards |- |''[[Love or Something Like That]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''[[V Republic|V-Republic]]'' |2014 |Sparrow Station |TV series |- |''[[Grey Dawn (fim)|Grey Dawn]]'' |2015 |Sparrow Station Africa Magic |Film |- |''Shampaign'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |TV series |A drama featuring a woman campaigning to be president of Ghana. "'Shampaign' takes inspiration from the recent events that have dominated pop culture, from America’s election, to the inability of Nigeria or Ghana to present a strong female political aspirant." |- |''[[Rebecca (2016 fim)|Rebecca]]'' |2016 |Sparrow Station |Film |"Abandoned and lost in the middle of a deserted road, an egotistic proper city guy gets a rude awakening when he begins to realize that his only companion, a timid-looking village girl who he had been forced to marry only a few hours earlier, is anything but ordinary." Nominated in two categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards<ref name="todaypost20160129" /> |- |''[[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]]'' |2017 | |Film |A "hilarious spin on divorce." "The movie tells the story of a couple, who decide to still live in their matrimonial home even after they split up." Nominated in five categories for Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards |- |''[[The perfect picture: Ten Years Later|The Perfect Picture: Ten Years Later]]'' |2019 | |Film |A sequel to ''[[Perfect Picture|The Perfect Picture]]''. The three leads are ten years older, and their relationships are not so prefect. It won both Best Ghanaian Movie of the Year and Best Movie of the Year at the 2021 Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards. |- |Us In Between |2020 |Sparrow Station |Film |The story of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on human life. |} == Kyauta == * Kyautar Kwalejin Fina ta Afirka ta 6 - Mafi kyawun Darakta na Shekara * 6th Africa Movie Academy Awards - ''[[A Sting in a Tale (fim)|A Sting in a Tale]]'' ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun sauti'' <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010" /> * Bikin Fina-Finai da Fasaha na Shekara-shekara na 18 na Pan African - ''A Sting In A Tale'' ya ɗauki lambar yabo ga ''Masu Sauraron Fiyayyen Halitta-Bayanai'' * 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards - Mafi kyawun Daraktan Finai, Mafi kyawun Editan Bidiyo, da (tare da Hertey Owusu) Mafi kyawun Marubuci (Wasan kwaikwayo), [[Kwangila (fim na 2012)|Kwangilar]] ta lashe Mafi kyawun Fim. * A cikin Maris 2021, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Daraktar Fina-Finai ta Shekara a cikin Citi TV Entertainment Achievement Awards.<ref name="EAAWinners20212">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="CITIThreeThings2">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Nassoshi == <references> <ref name="obourcelebrities">{{cite web|last=Amankwa|first=Obour|title=Biography of Shirley Frimpong-Manso: A Director with Outstanding Skills|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/05/16/biography-of-shirley-frimpong-manso-a-director-with-outstanding-skills/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=26 February 2011|date=16 May 2010}}</ref> <ref name="afdapp">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|title=The Perfect Picture (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014|archive-date=21 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021031446/http://africa-archive.com/gh/the-perfect-picture-2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanalli">{{cite web|title=Life and Living It|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4615/3/life-and-living-it.html|date=22 April 2009|publisher=ModernGhana.com|work=Nollywood News|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="afdlli">{{cite web|url=http://africa-archive.com/gh/life-and-living-it-2009|title=Life and Living It (2009)|work=African Film Database|accessdate=22 December 2014}}</ref> <ref name="jamatiperfect">{{cite web|url=http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Perfect Picture|publisher=Jamati.com|date=30 March 2009|last=Debrah|first=Ameyaw|authorlink=Ameyaw Debrah|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806001604/http://www.jamati.com/online/film/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-perfect-picture/|archivedate=6 August 2010}}</ref> <ref name="bbc24dec10">{{cite web|last=Agyapong Febiri|first=Chris-Vincent|title=BBC's Interview With Shirley Frimpong Manso|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|publisher=GhanaCelebrities.com|accessdate=27 December 2010|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007192144/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/25/bbc%E2%80%99s-interview-with-shirley-frimpong-manso-was-aired-yesterday-did-you-miss-it-listen-to-it-here-now/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="africareportsting">{{cite web|title=Film reviews: Desert Flower & A Sting in a Tale|url=http://www.theafricareport.com/archives2/society-a-culture/3295797-film-reviews-desert-flower-a-a-sting-in-a-tale.html|publisher=The Africa Report|accessdate=30 December 2010|date=14 September 2010}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesimdb">{{cite web|title=Adams Apples|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1956416/|publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}</ref> <ref name="adamsappleswebsite">{{cite web|url=http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|title=About Adams Apples|publisher=Movie web site|accessdate=6 September 2011|archive-date=27 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127222057/http://www.adamsapplesmovie.com/about.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="adamsapplesfacebook">{{cite web|url=http://www.facebook.com/adamsapplesmovie|title=Adams Apples Movie|publisher=Facebook page}}</ref> <ref name="modernghanasixdays">{{cite web|url=http://www.modernghana.com/lifestyle/1663/16/0396-hours-to-christmas039.html|title=6 Hours to Christmas|last=Smith|first=Hilda Lan|date=15 October 2010|publisher=Modern Ghana|accessdate=6 September 2011}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowStationStart">{{cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's Sparrow Station Goes Live!|publisher=Ghana Nation|date=13 December 2013|accessdate=15 July 2014|author=Abotsi, Maureen|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716141515/http://www.ghananation.com/news/29625-shirley-frimpong-manso-s-sparrow-station-goes-live.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="PotomantoNollywoodreinvented">{{cite web|url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2014/01/potomanto.html|title=Potomanto: NR Review|publisher=NollywoodREinvented|date=7 January 2014|accessdate=5 August 2014}}</ref> <ref name="Variety20150803">{{cite journal|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=Ghana's Shirley Frimpong-Manso Opens Doors for Female Colleagues|date=4 August 2015|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/global/shirley-frimpong-manso-opens-doors-for-female-filmmakers-1201558421/|journal=Variety|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="AJAM20150322">{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Vourlias|title=In Ghana, movies project fierce female leads|date=22 March 2015|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/22/in-ghana-movies-project-fierce-female-leads.html|publisher=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=4 September 2015}}</ref> <ref name="ETV2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|title=Etv Ghana holds maiden edition of Ghana Most Influential People|publisher=etvghana.com|date=23 April 2013|accessdate=16 July 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162720/http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3634:etv-ghana-holds-maiden-edition-of-ghanas-most-influential-awards&catid=96:etvgh-blog-news&Itemid=484|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="todaypost20160129">{{cite news|publisher="The Today Post"|url=http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|title='Rebecca': Shirley Frimpong Manso's movie set for premiere in the UK|date=29 January 2016|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-date=3 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203193413/http://gh.thetodaypost.com/rebecca-shirley-frimpong-mansos-movie-set-for-premiere-in-the-uk-video-11008|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="pulseng20170711">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/shirley-frimpong-manso-put-a-spin-on-divorce-in-potato-pothato-id7568118.html|title="Potato Potahto" - How Shirley Frimpong-Manso put a hilarious spin on divorce|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="enewsgh20180706">{{Cite web|url=https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|title=2018 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards: Shirley Frimpong-Manso's POTATO POTAHTO Keeps Ghana Afloat|date=6 July 2018|first=Gabriel Myers|last=Hansen|website=Proudly Ghanaian! {{!}} EnewsGH|language=en-US|access-date=14 December 2018|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402044901/https://enewsgh.com/2018/07/2018-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-shirley-frimpong-mansos-potato-potahto-keeps-ghana-afloat/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="myjoyonline20160513">{{Cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/may-13th/i-went-into-movies-to-change-the-way-ghana-was-portrayed-shirley-frimpong-manso.php|title=I went into movies to change the way Ghana was portrayed - Shirley Frimpong-Manso|date=13 May 2016|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="ghanacelebs20121002">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2012/10/02/photo-of-the-day-shirley-frimpong-manso-her-man-ken-attoh/|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso & Her Man-Ken Attoh...|date=2 October 2012|work=Ghanacelebrities.com|access-date=19 April 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="SparrowShampaign">{{cite web|title=Shampaign|url=http://sparrowproductions.net/shampaign/|publisher=Sparrow Station|accessdate=19 December 2018}}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="NollywoodShampaign">{{Cite web|url=https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|title=Series Review: Shampaign|date=13 March 2017|website=Nollywood Observer|language=en|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723155502/https://nollywoodobserver.blog/2017/03/13/series-review-shampaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="TalkMoviesDevil">{{Cite web|url=http://www.talkafricanmovies.com/devil-in-the-detail/|title=Devil in the Detail|date=28 September 2014|website=Talk African Movies|language=en-US|access-date=22 December 2018}}</ref> <ref name="EAAWinners2021">{{Cite news|date=2021-03-27|title=Winners of Entertainment Achievement Awards 2021 [Full list]|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/winners-of-entertainment-achievement-awards-2021-full-list/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija20191203">{{Cite web|date=2019-12-03|title=Ghanaian Movie "The Perfect Picture – Ten Years Later" premiered with the Leading Ladies in Attendance|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/12/ghanaian-movie-the-perfect-picture-ten-years-later-premiered-with-the-leading-ladies-in-attendance/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="CitiUsInBetween2020">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2020-11-30|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso premieres 'Us in Between', a movie on COVID-19|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2020/11/shirley-frimpong-manso-premieres-us-in-between-a-movie-on-covid-19/|access-date=2020-12-01|website=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="Graphic20191216">{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/shirley-frimpong-manso-s-potato-potahto-makes-it-to-netflix.html|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso's 'Potato Potahto' makes it to Netflix|date=2019-12-16|website=Graphic Showbiz|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref> <ref name="NigeriaFilmsAMAA2010">{{Cite web|first=Obour|last=Amankwa|date=2010-04-20|title=African Movie Academy Awards 2010: Shirley Frimpong Manso Wins Director of The Year|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/movie/20054/african-movie-academy-awards-2010shirley-frimpong-manso-win.html|access-date=2022-05-15|website=The Nigerian Voice|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NigerianVoiceBlue">{{Cite web|date=2007-09-20|author=Adwoa Serwaa Bonsu|title=In Different Shades Of Blue • Drama Is Only A Heart Beat Away|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/lifestyle/8276/in-different-shades-of-blue-drama-is-only-a-heart-beat-awa.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=The Nigerian Voice}}</ref> <ref name="CITIThreeThings">{{Cite news|first=Kwame|last=Dadzie|date=2021-03-29|title=Three things to know about #EAAwards winner Shirley Frimpong-Manso|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/three-things-to-know-about-eaawards-winner-shirley-frimpong-manso/|access-date=2022-05-27|work=[[Citi FM (Ghana)]]|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="GhanaCelebPAFAF2010">{{Cite web|date=2010-02-26|title=Shirley Frimpong Manso's 'A Sting in a Tale' wins award|url=https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/11441/shirley-frimpong-mansos-a-sting-in-a-tale-wins-award.html|access-date=2022-05-27|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="NYDJLive2014Awards">{{Cite web|first=Ebenezer|last=Donkoh|date=2014-03-09|title=Shirley Frimpong-Manso wins Best Director at 2014 AfricaMagic Viewers' Choice Awards #AMCVA2014|url=https://www.nydjlive.com/shirley-frimpong-manso-wins-best-director-at-2014-africamagic-viewers-choice-awards-amcva2014/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=NY DJ Live|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name="BellaNaija2014Awards">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-09|title=And the 2014 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards WINNERS Are…|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/and-the-2014-africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-winners-are/|access-date=2022-05-27|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|4444248}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 2pde0l5i3vrh3myjqrlfyilkfexqtgd 0 73707 548059 514601 2024-11-29T02:14:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548059 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Naa Ashorkor at 3Music Awards 2022.jpg|thumb|Hton naa ashorkor]] [[Fayil:Naa Ashorkor 111.jpg|thumb|Hoton naa ashorkar]]  {{Infobox person|name=Naa Ashorkor|image=Naa Ashorkor at 3Music Awards 2022 (2).jpg|imagesize=250|alt=|caption=Naa Ashorkor at 3Music Awards 2022|birth_name=Nisirine Naa Ashorkor Mensah-Doku|birth_place={{birth-date and age|24 November 1988}}|other_names=|occupation=Broadcast [[Journalist]] and [[Actress]]|employer=Media General|organization=[[TV3 Ghana]]|years_active=2009–present|spouse=Ahuma Cabutey Adodoadji|website=|children=}}'''Naa Ashorkor''' (an Haife shi 24 Nuwamba 1988), kuma aka sani da '''Nisirine Naa Ashorkor Mensah-Doku''', yar wasan kwaikwayo ce [[Ghana|ta Ghana]] kuma mai aikin jarida wacce a halin yanzu ke aiki a Media General Limited, wanda ke ɗauke da TV3 Ghana da sauransu. Kafin ta shiga Media General Limited, ta taɓa yin aiki da Asaase Radio, gidan rediyon [[Accra]]. An san ta da yin tauraro a cikin ''Cikakken Hoton'' (2009) da kuma Iroko TV's ''Poisoned Bait.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nisirine Mensah-Doku - 'I wont (sic) trade my education for the world'|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/junior-graphic/i-ll-tell-my-story/nisirine-mensah-doku-i-wont-trade-my-education-for-the-world.html|access-date=2019-05-18|website=Graphic Ghana}}</ref><ref name="ghanama2">{{cite news|date=11 June 2010|title=Biography: Naa Ashorkor Mensah-Doku|agency=Ghanama|url=http://www.ghanamma.com/news/biography-naa-ashorkor-mensah-doku/|accessdate=10 May 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063352/http://www.ghanamma.com/news/biography-naa-ashorkor-mensah-doku/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Johnson|first=Reymond Awusei|date=2023-08-04|title=Ace broadcaster, Naa Ashorkor joins Media General|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/ace-broadcaster-naa-ashorkor-joins-media-general/e6ksbkh|access-date=2024-01-03|website=Pulse Ghana|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="daily guide2">{{cite news|author=Francis Addo|date=9 October 2014|title=Lydia Forson Talks Of Naa Ashorkor Marriage|agency=Dailyguideghana.|url=http://www.dailyguideghana.com/lydia-forson-talks-of-naa-ashorkor-marriage/|accessdate=10 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-29|title=Naa Ashorkor BACK on radio... Asaase 99.5 is the dial|url=https://enewsgh.com/2020/06/29/naa-ashorkor-back-on-radio-asaase-99-5-is-the-dial/|access-date=2020-07-11|website=Proudly Ghanaian! {{!}} Enews|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028122615/https://enewsgh.com/2020/06/29/naa-ashorkor-back-on-radio-asaase-99-5-is-the-dial/|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' A cikin 2010, ta lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun jaruma'' a Afirka Movie Academy Awards saboda rawar da ta taka a cikin ''Cikakken Hoto'' . Naa Ashorkor kuma tauraro tare da Yvonne Okoro, Joselyn Dumas, John Dumelo.<ref name="ghanacelebs2">{{cite web|date=11 Jun 2010|title=Spotlight: Naa Ashorkor Mensah-Doku|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/06/11/spotlight-naa-ashorkor-mensah-doku/|accessdate=10 May 2015|work=|publisher=Ghanacelebrities}}</ref><ref name="Ghanaweb2">{{cite news|date=15 June 2012|title=Naa Ashorkor Talks Family and Love|work=|agency=Ghanaweb.|location=Accra - Ghana|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/artikel.php?ID=242057|accessdate=10 May 2015}}</ref> == Sana'a == [[File:Naa_Ashorkor_0.jpg|thumb| Naa Ashorkor tana karbar bakuncin 3 Music Awards Brunch 2020]] Ashorkor, tare da [[Chris Attoh]], sun karɓi baƙuncin lambar yabo ta Vodafone Ghana na 2016. Ta kuma ɗauki nauyin gasar Miss Malaika Ghana na tsawon shekaru takwas. Askorkor ta fara ne a matsayin mai gabatarwa da tashar Starr 103.5 FM inda ta ɗauki nauyin shirin tsakar rana mai suna ''The Zone.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor, Chris Attoh, Dj Black To Host 2016 VGMA|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201604/277473.php|access-date=2019-04-13|website=peace fm online}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Joselyn Dumas, Naa Ashorkor And James Gardiner For Miss Malaika Ghana 2018 Audition|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/pageants/201807/357372.php|access-date=2019-08-16|website=peace fm online}}</ref>'' ''<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor Moves On From EIB Network|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Naa-Ashorkor-moves-on-from-EIB-network-594618}}</ref>'' A cikin 2008, an nuna ta a fim ɗinta na farko na [[Shirley Frimpong-Manso]]<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup> Ta kasance mai gabatarwa tare da Multimedia Group daga 2017 har zuwa 2020, inda ta karɓi baƙuncin ''Showbiz AZ'' da ''Strong da Sassy.'' Ta koma Asaase Radio a ƙarshen watan Yuni 2020 kuma a halin yanzu tana ɗaukar nauyin shirye-shiryen ''Tsakanin Sa'o'i'' da ''Just Us'' . A cikin Maris 2021, ita ce mai masaukin baƙi don 3 Music Awards''.''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Multimedia Group terminates Naa Ashorkor's appointment|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/multimedia-group-terminates-naa-ashokor-s-appointment.html|access-date=2020-05-06|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor Moves On From EIB Network|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Naa-Ashorkor-moves-on-from-EIB-network-594618}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor to host Asaase Radio's mid-afternoon show|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/naa-ashorkor-to-host-midafternoon-show-on-asaase-fm.html|access-date=2020-07-31|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor and Jay Foley return as 3Music Awards hosts - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/naa-ashorkor-and-jay-foley-return-as-3music-awards-hosts/|access-date=2021-04-06|website=Myjoyonline|language=en-US}}</ref> Wata 'yar kasuwa ce da ke gudanar da kamfanoni guda biyu: Jaarno, kasuwar abinci ta dijital, da Afrilu Communications, wanda ke gudanar da ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor reaches out to young entrepreneurs via social media|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/July-30th/naa-ashorkor-reaches-out-to-young-entrepreneurs-via-social-media.php|access-date=2019-09-17|website=Myjoyonline.}}</ref> Ashorkor jakadan alama ne na Unilever Ghana da kuma Verna Mineral Water. Ta kuma ba da shawarar DKT International Ghana, inda take aiki a matsayin Jakadiyar Alamar Kayayyakin Hannun Lydia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor Named Brand Ambassador For Unilever Campaign|url=http://kasapafmonline.com/2017/08/31/naa-ashorkor-named-brand-ambassador-of-unilever-campaign/|access-date=2024-03-04|archive-date=2018-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204858/http://kasapafmonline.com/2017/08/31/naa-ashorkor-named-brand-ambassador-of-unilever-campaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Naa Ashorkor & others Endorse Verna Changing Lives Autism Awareness|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Juliet-Abrahim-Naa-Ashorkor-others-endorse-Verna-Changing-Lives-Autism-Awareness-608695}}</ref> [[Fayil:Naa Ashorkor.jpg|thumb|Naa Ashorkor]] Ashorkor ya taɓa shiga cikin shahararrun tallace-tallacen talabijin, musamman na Tigo Ghana ''Drop That Yam'' da tallace-tallacen Yensor Nkoaa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[Fayil:Naa Ashorkor at 3 Music Awards 22 2.jpg|thumb|Naa Ashorkor]] Naa Ashorkor ta auri abokiyar zaman ta Ahuma Cabutey Adodoadji a shekara ta 2014. A ranar 15 ga watan Agusta, 2017, ta sanar da haihuwar ɗanta ta kafafen yaɗa labarai da kafofin watsa labarun. Ta sanar da haihuwar ɗanta na biyu, shi ma ɗa, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-12|title=Video: Pregnant Naa Ashorkor twerking!|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2018/january-12th/video-pregnant-naa-ashorkor-twerking.php|access-date=2019-05-18|website=Myjoyonline}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Baby Boy|url=http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/naa-ashorkor-ghanaian-actress-and-tv-host-delivers-baby-boy-id7123550.html|access-date=2024-03-04|archive-date=2018-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620023910/http://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/naa-ashorkor-ghanaian-actress-and-tv-host-delivers-baby-boy-id7123550.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-01|title=Naa Ashorkor announces baby number two with stunning baby bump photos|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/naa-ashorkor-announces-baby-number-two-with-stunning-baby-bump-photos/d0vpdlz|access-date=2019-07-29|website=Entertainment|language=en-US}}</ref> == Filmography == '''Fim''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | ''[[Adam The First|Adamu Na Farko]]'' | Bintu | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | [[Aloevera|Aloeira]] | Veranda | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2019 | ''Cikakken Hoton - Bayan Shekaru Goma'' | Akasi Duah | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2015 | ''Karin Rana Daya'' | Joe | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2014 | ''Wasika Daga Adamu'' | Kabuki | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2014 | ''Bait mai guba'' | Kadijah | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2010 - 2013 | ''[[Adams Apples|Adams apples]]'' | Kuku | Matsayin Jagoranci |- | 2010 | ''[[Checkmate (fim, 2010)|Checkmate]]'' | Naana | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2009 | ''Biyu'' | Zulaika | Matsayin Taimakawa |- | 2009 | ''Cikakken Hoton'' | Akasi | Matsayin Jagoranci. Ya lashe lambar yabo ta Fina-Finan Afirka guda 3 don Jagoranci, Mafi kyawun Jarumin Jarumi wajen Tallafawa Role & Mafi Darakta |- | 2008 | ''An raini'' | Soraya | Matsayin Taimakawa |} '''Talabijin''' {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2022 | 3 Kyautar Kiɗa 2022 | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2021 | 3 Kyautar Kiɗa 2021 | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2020 | Kyautar Maza Na Shekarar (EMY) | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2017 | Kyautar Celebrity Peoples | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2017 | Bugu na 3 na Gasar Girke-girke na Kaji na Amurka | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2016 | Kyautar Mazaje na Musamman na Shekara (EMY). | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2016 | ''Vodafone Ghana Music Awards'' | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2015 | ''Kawai Dokar'' | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | ''Nunin Shari'a'' |- | 2013 | ''Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka'' | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2012-2017 | ''Tatsuniyoyi Daga Dakin Foda'' | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | ''Shirin Magana da Tattaunawa na 'Yan Mata'' |- | 2010-2012 | ''Miss Malaika Grand Finale'' | Ita kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Talabijin na musamman |- | 2011-2012 | ''Rufe Salsa Fiesta'' | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | gaskiya jerin talabijin |- | 2009-2016 | ''Tsammani Wanene Zai Taho Don Dindin'' | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | gaskiya jerin talabijin |- | 2009 - Kwanan wata | ''Miss Ghana'' | Kanta (mai masaukin baki) | Ƙwallon Ƙawa |} '''Mataki''' {| class="wikitable" |+ ! Shekara ! Take ! Bayanan kula |- | 2017 | Bukom | Mai gabatarwa |- | 2017 | Masu kammala karatun gidan yari | Mai gabatarwa. Satirin Siyasa |- | 2016 | ''Dinner For Promotion'' | Matsayin Taimakawa. Abin ban dariya |- | 2015 | ''Kada Ku Yi Tufafi Don Kirsimeti'' | Matsayin Jagoranci. Abin ban dariya |- | 2015 | ''Magani Ga Soyayya'' | Matsayin Jagoranci. Mai gabatarwa. Abin ban dariya |- | 2013 | ''Wajen Soyayya'' | Matsayin Jagoranci |- | 2012 | ''Haihuwarsa A Karni na 21'' | Matsayin Jagoranci. Sake daidaita haihuwar Yesu Kiristi |- | 2011 | ''Gudu Domin Matar Ka'' | Matsayin Jagoranci. Wasan Barkwanci na Manya |- | 2010 | ''Ma'anar Farji Monologues'' | Matsayin Jagoranci. Wasan Episodic |} '''Rediyo''' {| class="wikitable" |+ ! Shekara ! Take ! Cibiyar sadarwa ! Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="2" | 2017-2020 | Mai ƙarfi da Sassy | rowspan="2" | Joy 99.7 FM | Nunin Maganar Mata |- | Showbiz A zuwa Z | Nunin karshen mako Sharhin Nishaɗi da Nazari |- | 2014 - 2017 | ''Yankin'' | Taurari 103.5 FM | Nunin Safiya |} == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|4443087}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] nckextn3mxxr3k7it4jx1iyqq4f48y2 0 73709 548118 485825 2024-11-29T06:28:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548118 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Yvonne Okoro</div> |- class="mw-file-element" data-file-height="640" data-file-type="bitmap" data-file-width="427" decoding="async" height="330" resource="./File:Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg/220px-Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg/330px-Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg 2x" width="220" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Yvonne_Okoro_in_Purple.jpg|frameless]]</img><div class="infobox-caption"> Okoro a [[2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]</div> |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Haihuwa | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline"> Chinyere Yvonne Okoro</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki><span style="display:none"> </span><span style="display:none">( <span class="bday">1984-11-25</span> )</span> 25 Nuwamba 1984 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(shekaru&nbsp;39)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline"> [[Tamale, Ghana|Tamale]], Ghana</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Dan kasa | class="infobox-data category" | Najeriya, Ghana |- class="birthplace" style="display:inline" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Alma&nbsp;mace | class="infobox-data" | Jami'ar Ghana |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Sana'a | class="infobox-data role" | Yar wasan kwaikwayo |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Shekaru&nbsp;aiki | class="infobox-data" | 2002 - yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Kyauta | class="infobox-data" | Kyautar Zabin Masu Kallon Afirka Magic Viewers |- class="infobox-data role" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Yanar Gizo | class="infobox-data" | <span class="url">[http://yvonneokoro.com/ yvonneokoro.com]</span> |} '''Chinyere Yvonne Okoro''' yar wasan Najeriya ce yar Ghana. An haifi mahaifin dan Najeriya kuma mahaifiyar Ghana, Yvonne Okoro 'yar asalinta ce kuma tana kiran kanta 'yar Afirka. Yvonne Okoro ta fito daga Koforidua a Gabashin kasar Ghana. Ta karɓi Kyautar Kyautar Kyautar Fina-Finan Fina-Finan Ghana a 2010 kuma an zaɓe ta don Kyautar Kyautar Fim ɗin Fina-Finan Afirka sau biyu a jere a 2011 da 2012 don fina-finanta na ''Pool Party'' da ''Single shida'' . Ta kuma sami lambar yabo ta Afirka Magic Viewers' Choice Award <ref name="award2">{{cite web|title=Yvonne Okoro, Efya Made Ambassadors For Head Of State Awards|url=http://www.dailyguideghana.com/yvonne-okoro-efya-made-ambassadors-for-head-of-state-awards/|publisher=dailyguideghana.com|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref> guda hudu kuma a cikin 2012 an karrama ta da lambar yabo mai ban sha'awa a lambar yabo ta Najeriya Excellence Awards.<ref name="award2"/> <ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=BUZZ Yvonne Okoro honoured by Nigeria Excellence Awards|url=http://www.ameyawdebrah.com/yvonne-okoro-honoured-by-nigeria-excellence-awards/|access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Yvonne Okoro|url=http://content.ghananation.com/articles/yvonne-okoro.aspx|publisher=ghananation.com|access-date=22 February 2015|archive-date=22 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222053959/http://content.ghananation.com/articles/yvonne-okoro.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Yvonne Okoro in Purple.jpg|thumb|Yvonne Okoro]] An haife shi ga mahaifiyar Ghana kuma mahaifin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Yvonne Okoro ‘yar asalinta ce kuma tana kiran kanta ‘yar Afirka. Ta fito daga babban iyali, a matsayin ɗan fari ga mahaifiyarta kuma na biyar a cikin dukan yayyen. Ta, tun tana ƙarami, ta nuna sha'awar zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Ta halarci Makarantar Preparatory Achimota bayan ta tafi Makarantar Community Community School sannan ta tafi Makarantar Faith Montessori. Ta ci gaba a Makarantar Sakandaren Mata ta Mfantsiman bayan ta shiga Jami'ar Ghana, Legon inda ta yi digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, ta hada Turanci da Harsuna. Daga baya, ta kasance a Jami'ar Nantes a Faransa don nazarin wayewar Jarida, wasan kwaikwayo da tallace-tallace.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Ta fara fitowa a allo a cikin ''Sticking to the Promise'', fim ɗin 2002 wanda furodusan Najeriya Theo Akatugba ya shirya, jim kaɗan bayan ta kammala Babban Ilimi. Ta kuma taka rawar gani a cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru ''na Tentacles'' na mai gabatarwa iri ɗaya don Ka'idodin Watsa Labarai na Point Blank. Kamar yadda a cikin 2018, ita ce mai masaukin Abincin Abinci tare da Cooks da Braggarts. Cooks da Braggarts wani shahararren dafa abinci ne wanda ke nuna sanannun mutane don sanya hannayensu kan yadda suke dafa abincin da suka fi so yayin da suke magana game da batutuwa daban-daban. == Kyauta == A cikin 2019, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Glitz Africa Style Awards a lokacin bugu na 5 na Glitz Style Awards. Ta kuma samu Kyautar Kyautar Mutum ta Radiyo da Talabijan na Shekara a Kyautar Zabin Mata na 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-15|title=Yvonne Okoro crowned Glitz Africa Style Influencer of the Year|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Yvonne-Okoro-crowned-Glitz-Africa-Style-Influencer-of-the-Year-781266|access-date=2023-10-22|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-09|title=Yvonne Okoro promises Black Queens $10,000 bonus|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Yvonne-Okoro-promises-Black-Queens-10-000-bonus-744964|access-date=2023-10-23|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref> == Sauran harkokin kasuwanci == Ta bayyanawa gidan rediyon Peace FM da ke Accra cewa ta mallaki kamfaninta na Desamour Company Limited. Da dai sauran harkokin sufuri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yen.com.gh/96851-yvonne-okoro-lists-number-companies-owns-entrepreneur.html|title=Yvonne Okoro is super rich. Here are some companies she owns as an entrepreneur|last=Lamptey|first=Edwin|date=2018-06-10|website=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> == Tallafawa == A watan Yuni 2019, ta ba da gudummawar $10,000 ga Black Queens na [[Ghana]] a gaba don lashe lambar tagulla a gasar WAFU Zone B na 2019 . A farkon shekarar 2020, ta kuma bayar da gudummawar wasu kayayyaki ga sashen haihuwa na asibitin koyarwa na Korle bu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Perry Okudzeto commends Yvonne Okoro for donating $10,000 to Black Queens|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Perry-Okudzeto-commends-Yvonne-Okoro-for-donating-10-000-to-Black-Queens-751246|access-date=2023-10-23|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/yvonne-okoro-pays-bills-of-13-new-mothers-at-korle-bu-teaching-hospital/|title=Yvonne Okoro pays bills of 13 new mothers at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital – Glitz Africa Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> == Filmography == * ''Queen Lateefah'' * ''Mother's love'' * ''Beyonce: The President's Daughter'' * ''The Return Of Beyonce'' * ''The President's Daughter'' * ''Desperate To Survive'' * ''The Game'' * ''Agony Of Christ'' * ''Royal Battle'' * ''Queen Of Dreams'' * ''‘Le Hotelier’ in France'' * ''Pool Party'' * ''Sticking to the promise'' * ''Single Six'' * ''Why Marry'' * ''Best Friends (Three can play)'' * ''Blood is Thick'' * ''Four Play'' * ''Four Play reloaded'' * ''Forbidden City'' * ''Contract'' (28th Dec. 2012) with Hlomlo dandala. * ''I Broke my Heart'' * ''Adams Apples film series'' (2011–2012) * ''Crime'' * ''Ghana Must Go (2016)'' * ''Rebecca (2016)'' * ''Kamar Twines Cotton (2016)'' * ''Neman Lullaby (2021)'' <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/ghana-must-go-everything-you-need-to-know-about-yvonne-okoros-upcoming-movie-id3773877.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-03-04 |archive-date=2016-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816140821/http://pulse.ng/movies/ghana-must-go-everything-you-need-to-know-about-yvonne-okoros-upcoming-movie-id3773877.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2794811|Yvonne Okoro}} == Nassoshi == * [https://yen.com.gh/30297-yvonne-okoro-premiere-family-reality-show-television.html] [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 8w0a13susc8p8l1pz7g21f767wx653u 0 73724 548049 522237 2024-11-29T01:10:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Matilda Obaseki''' yar wasan fina-finan Najeriya ce kuma marubuciya. Ita ce jagorar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin jerin lambobin yabo na TV, ''Tinsel.''<ref>{{cite web |url= http://encomium.ng/i-%E2%80%8E%E2%80%8Bam-living-up-my-dream-tinsel-cast-matilda-obaseki/ |title= I am living up my dream Tinsel cast — Matilda Obaseki |date= 27 December 2015 |website=Encomium.com |publisher= Encomiums Ventures Ltd. |location= Lagos |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160424172709/http://encomium.ng/i-%E2%80%8E%E2%80%8Bam-living-up-my-dream-tinsel-cast-matilda-obaseki/ |archive-date= 24 April 2016 |url-status=live |access-date= 7 May 2016 |quote= This story was first published in ENCOMIUM Weekly on 22 October 2013.}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Obaseki a ranar 19 ga watan Maris 1986 a [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|garin Benin]], ƙaramar hukumar [[Oredo]], [[Edo|jihar Edo]] inda ta girma. Ita ce auta a cikin yara bakwai.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/movie/5608/3/why-i-keep-away-from-men-tinsel-star-matilda-obase.html|title=Why I keep away from men Tinsel star, Matilda Obaseki|author=|work=Modern Ghana|date=September 17, 2009|accessdate=March 19, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16402/matilda-obaseki|title=Matilda Obaseki Biography|website=Manpower Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Obaseki ta auri Arnold Mozia a birnin Benin a ranar 21 ga watan Satumba 2013 bayan ta haifi ɗanta na farko shekara guda kafin ranar 31 ga watan Agusta 2012. Ta haifi ɗa na biyu a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mjemagazine.com/photos-tinsel-actress-matilda-obaseki-white-traditional-wedding/|title=Photos - Tinsel Actress Matilda Obaseki White & Traditional Wedding - MJ Celebrity Magazine|author=|date=|work=MJ Celebrity Magazine|accessdate=19 March 2016}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/matilda-obaseki-actress-shares-loving-picture-of-her-family-on-independence-day-id4219486.html|title=Matilda Obaseki: Actress shares loving picture of her family on Independence Day|first=Ayomide O.|last=Tayo|date=2 October 2015|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=19 March 2016|archive-date=28 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328054118/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/matilda-obaseki-actress-shares-loving-picture-of-her-family-on-independence-day-id4219486.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/01/matilda-obaseki-welcomes-2nd-baby-boy/|title=Matilda Obaseki Welcomes 2nd Baby Boy|work= Nigerian Entertainment Today|author=|date=|accessdate=19 March 2016}}</ref> == Ilimi == Obaseki ta taso ne a garin Benin, inda ta yi karatun Firamare da Sakandare. Ta bar karatun Turanci a [[Jami'ar Benin]] don ta mayar da hankali kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Geraldine|last=Akutu|url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/i-have-no-regret-going-into-acting/|title=‘I Have No Regret Going Into Acting’|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|location=London, England|date=5 August 2018|access-date=6 March 2024|archive-date=27 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427203318/https://guardian.ng/life/film/i-have-no-regret-going-into-acting/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == Obaseki ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekara ta 2007 amma an fi saninta da rawar da ta taka a wasan soap opera na Tinsel, inda take wasa da Angela Dede.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mybiohub.com/2016/03/matilda-obaseki-biography-age-wedding.html/|title=Matilda Obaseki Biography – Age, Wedding|website=MyBioHub}}</ref> Kafin Tinsel, ta taka rawa a matsayin kuyanga a cikin shirin TV na Amurka, wanda ya bayyana a cikin sassa uku.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2016/08/8-things-probably-didnt-know-matilda-obaseki/|title=8 Things You Probably Didn't Know about Matilda Obaseki|date=11 August 2016|website=ConnectNigeria|access-date=6 March 2024|archive-date=12 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612171928/https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2016/08/8-things-probably-didnt-know-matilda-obaseki/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Fim ɗinta na farko shine fim ɗin 2014, [[A Place in the Stars]], inda ta yi aiki tare da [[Gideon Okeke]] da [[Segun Arinze]]. Ita ma tana cikin fim ɗin samun kan Shi tare da [[Majid Michel]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-01-15 |title=Must Watch Trailer! Majid Michel, Deyemi Okanlawon, Matilda Obaseki star in "Getting Over Him" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/01/must-watch-trailer-majid-michel-deyemi-okanlawon-matilda-obaseki-star-getting/ |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Kashi ! Sakamako ! Ref |- | 2018 | [[2018 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] | Mafi kyawun Jaruma a Matsayin Jagoranci - Turanci|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] nc7x02xwi4veicla2uo8fbalni1htoy 0 74044 547668 497229 2024-11-28T18:57:00Z A Salisu 14655 547668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Een klein leven (programmaboekje).pdf|thumb|Gert van den Bergh]] '''Gert Van den Bergh''' (16 ga Oktoban shekarar 1920 &#x2D; 16 ga Fabrairu 1968) ya kasance ɗan wasan [[Film|fim]] na Afirka ta Kudu . <ref>[[Database]] (undated).[https://web.archive.org/web/20090120022114/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/249891 "Van den Bergh, Gert"]. ''The [[British Film Institute]] Film and Television Database''. Accessed 11 August 2010.</ref> Ya auri Dulcie (Magdeld Magdalena) van den Bergh (23 ga Agusta 1928 - 8 ga Nuwamba 1997). (An haife shi Smit) == Ayyuka == === Fina-finan da aka zaɓa === {{Div col}} * ''Die Lig van 'n Eeu'' (1942) * ''Pinkie se Erfenis'' (1946) - Willem * ''Simon Beyers'' (1947) - Nicolaas Beyers * ''Die Kaskenades van Dokter Kwak'' (1948) - Poggenpoel * ''Hans-die-Skipper'' (1952) - Johan * ''Inspan'' (1953) - Dirk de Vos * '''n Plan is 'n Boerdery'' (1954) - Wessel Maritz * ''Vadertjie Langbeen'' (1955) - Jacques (voice, uncredited) * ''Matieland!'' (1955) - MC at Fruit Festival (voice, uncredited) * ''Dis Lekker om te Lewe'' (1957) - Commandant (voice, uncredited) * ''[[Diamond Safari (1958 film)|Diamond Safari]]'' (1958) - Compound Manager * ''Fratse in die Vloot'' (1958) - Seaman (voice, uncredited) * ''Nooi van my Hart'' (1959) - Hans (voice, uncredited) * ''Rip van Wyk'' (1960) - 'Oom' * ''Die Vlugteling'' (1960) - Detective Sgt. Malan * ''Basie'' (1961) - Police sergeant (voice, uncredited) * ''[[The Hellions (film)|The Hellions]]'' (1961) - Dr. Weiser * ''Die Tweede Slaapkamer'' (1962) - van Dyk * ''Tom Dirk en Herrie'' (1962) - Grové * ''Stropers van die Laeveld'' (1962) * ''Jy's Lieflik Vanaand'' (1962) - Anton Fourie * ''Die Ruiter in die Nag'' (1963) - Lodewyk van Renen * ''[[Mozambique (film)|Mozambique]]'' (1964) - The Arab * ''[[Zulu (1964 film)|Zulu]]'' (1964) - Lieutenant Josef Adendorff * ''Piet my Niggie'' (1964) - Radio announcer (voice, uncredited) * ''[[Victim Five]]'' (1964) - Vanberger * ''[[Seven Against the Sun]]'' (1964) - Cpl. Smit * ''Tokoloshe'' (1965) * ''Debbie'' (1965) - Dr. Chris Hugo * ''[[The Naked Prey]]'' (1965) - 2nd Man * ''[[Diamond Walkers]]'' (1965) - Piet Truter * ''King Hendrik'' (1965) - Koos de Wet * ''Die Wonderwêreld van Kammie Kamfer'' (1965) * ''[[Sandy the Seal]]'' (1965) - Jacobson * ''Der Rivonia-Prozess'' (1966) - Alan Paton * ''The Second Sin'' (1966) - Anton Rossouw * ''[[Wild Season]]'' (1967) - Dirk Maritz * ''The Professor and the Beauty Queen'' (1967) - Dr. Koos Hattingh * ''[[The Jackals]]'' (1967) - Drunk (uncredited) * ''[[Die Kandidaat]]'' (1968) - Lourens Niemand * ''[[Rider in the Night]]'' (1968) {{Div col end}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|0886073}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090120022114/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/249891 Gert Van den Bergh] a ''Cibiyar Fim da Talabijin ta Burtaniya'' [[Category:Mutuwan 1968]] p7l4o2tyclarvl6ppxe3t4d7aocto76 0 74260 548063 393794 2024-11-29T03:05:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Babu Sallama wa''''' wani fim ne na ban dariya na ƙasar Burtaniya a shekara ta 1985 wanda Alan Bleasdale ya rubuta, Peter Smith ne ya ba da umarni kuma Mamoun Hassan ya shirya.<ref name="org">{{cite web|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-back-to-the-future-the-fall-and-rise-of-the-british-film-industry-in-the-1980s.pdf|page=26|title=Back to the Future: The Fall and Rise of the British Film Industry in the 1980s – An Information Briefing|publisher=British Film Institute|date=2005|access-date=2024-03-07|archive-date=2015-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912042419/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-back-to-the-future-the-fall-and-rise-of-the-british-film-industry-in-the-1980s.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Johnston |first=Trevor |title=Bleasdale Beyond the Blackstuff |url=https://archive.list.co.uk/the-list/1986-05-30/8/ |publisher=The List |accessdate=3 July 2019 |date=30 May 1986}}</ref> Bleasdale da yake bayyana yadda aikin ƙaddamar da shirin ya ce, "Na je hukumar kula da harkokin fina-finai ta kasa, na ce musu ba zan taɓa rubuta ''Star Wars'' ko ''Rambo Revisited'' ko makamancin haka ba, don haka sai na ci gaba da rubuta fim ɗin da nake son rubutawa." . An saita fim ɗin a [[Liverpool]] a lokacin Sabuwar Shekara ta Hauwa'u . An ɗauki wani mutum aiki a matsayin sabon manaja na zauren ayyuka, kuma dole ne ya fuskanci shirye-shiryen ƙarshe da magajinsa ya yi. Ƙungiyoyin kishiya na Katolika da Furotesta sun yi rajistar zauren a lokaci guda, masu nishaɗantarwa da aka yi hayar dare ba su da ƙyau kuma ayyukansu na iya harzuka abokan cinikin, kuma wata ƙungiyar ta Orange Order ta fara buga wakokin ɗarika. Lokacin da hatsaniya ta varke a cikin zauren, dole ne manajan ya nemi hanyar da zai shawo kan lamarin. == Makirci == A Sabuwar Shekarar a [[Liverpool]], Michael ya zama sabon manajan ƙungiyar Charleston, wani zauren aiki da aka rushe a filin sharar masana'antu wanda, daga baya ya gano, mallakar wata ƙungiyar masu aikata laifuka ce. Ya kuma gano cewa tsohon manajan, MacArthur, a wani yunƙuri na nuna rashin amincewa da masu gidan, ya ɗauki hayar ga ƙungiyoyi biyu na manyan mutane don jajibirin sabuwar shekara; daya rukuni ne masu tsaurin ra'ayi [[Cocin katolika|na Katolika]] da sauran kuma masu tsaurin ra'ayi na Furotesta, kuma nishaɗin ya ƙunshi mai sihiri mai tsoratarwa, mai wasan kwaikwayo na gay da saurayi, ƙungiyar punk marar basira, da gasar tufafi masu ban sha'awa tare da kyautar da ba ta wanzu ba. Ɓangarorin guda biyu sun iso kuma sun haɗa da wani gungun manyan mutane da ke fama da ciwon hauka na tsofaffi. Bayan gano MacArthur ana azabtar da shi a wani ɗaki na baya da masu gidan. Yayin da dare ya miƙa, sai al’amura suka fara tafiya ba dai-dai ba; An yi wa ɗan wasan barƙwanci mummunar karɓuwa, mai sihiri ya ja da baya saboda mutuwar zomonsa, kuma rashin aikin ƙungiyar ya sa ƙungiyoyin jefa makamai masu linzami a wurin yayin da ƴan ƙungiyar ke fafatawa a tsakaninsu. A halin yanzu, al'amura sun fara tafasa a lokacin da tsohon ɗan damben boksin Billy McRacken ya shake ɗan ta'adda Norman Donohue har lahira a cikin ɗakin bayan gida bayan Norman ya yi tsokaci game da 'yar McRacken ta "aure", kuma ƙungiyar Orange Order ta fara yin waƙoƙin ɓangaranci, wanda ya haifar da hatsaniya mai yawa a cikin bayan gida da kuma gano jikin Norman. A halin yanzu, Michael da Cheryl sun fara rera waƙa " Idan Kuna Bukatar Ni " tare a kan mataki yayin da Bernard ya buga wa 'yan sanda waya, wadanda suka zo suka shawo kan lamarin. Al'amarin sun mutu da tsakar dare, kuma ƙungiyoyin duk sun bi hanyarsu ta daban cikin lumana. Michael da Cheryl suna sumbata, kafin su koma gidan Cheryl tare. Fim ɗin ya ƙare da McRacken ya buga wa diyarsa waya yana neman ya yi magana da surukinsa, kafin ya yi masa fatan shiga sabuwar shekara. == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * Michael Angelis a matsayin Mike * Avis Bunnage kamar Martha Gorman * James Ellis a matsayin Paddy Burke * Tom Georgeson a matsayin Mr. Ross * Bernard Hill kamar yadda Bernard * Ray McAnally a matsayin Billy McRacken * Mark Mulholland a matsayin Norman * Joanne Whalley a matsayin Cheryl * JG Devlin a matsayin George Gorman * Vince Earl a matsayin Frank * Ken Jones a matsayin Ronny * Michael Ripper a matsayin Tony Bonaparte * Marjorie Sudell a matsayin Barbara * Joan Turner a matsayin Superwoman * Richard Alexander a matsayin yaro mai shan taba * Pamela Austin a matsayin Organist * Elvis Costello a matsayin Rosco de Ville * Ian Hart a matsayin Barazanar Rashin tabbas * Joe McGann a matsayin dan sanda na biyu * Mark McGann a matsayin Jagoran Rukunin Rock * [[James Culshaw|James Celshaw]] a matsayin Direban Tasi na O'Gormans == liyafar == Walter Goodman na ''[[New York Times]]'' ya kira shi "fim mai ban dariya game da yanayin matsananciyar damuwa." Paul Attanasio na ''The Washington Post'' ya rubuta: "Babu sallama wa" yana nuna kamar baƙar fata ne, amma da gaske ba haka ba - yana da tsami.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/nosurrenderrattanasio_a0ad59.htm|title='No Surrender' (R)|date=4 October 1986|first=Paul|last=Attanasio|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|0089697|No Surrender}} * No Surrender at British Comedy Guide * No Surrender at Rotten Tomatoes [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-fina 2019]] [[Category:Fina-Finan Hausa]] 2bcnqmrcj5f4hin4u7vlpokvi27vp8r 0 74372 548023 524155 2024-11-28T23:09:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Katherine Obiang | birth_date = | birth_place = | nationality = Cameroonian-Nigerian | occupation = Actress <br /> On-air personality <br /> TV presenter | television = Am Express | children = 3 }} '''Katherine Obiang''' 'yar Kamaru ce - 'yar wasan kwaikwayo [[Ɗan Nijeriya|ta Najeriya]], mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin. Da farko ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin na [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya|Hukumar Gidan Talabijin ta Najeriya]] (NTA) a kan AM Express da kuma Najeriya Info 99.3FM. Daga baya ta fara wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta yi tauraro a fina-finan [[Nollywood]] da shirye-shiryen TV.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-18 |title=Katherine Obiang finds love in Nollywood |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/01/katherine-obiang-finds-love-in-nollywood/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]] News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta fito a cikin fim din 2017, ''[[The Women (2017 film)|Mata]]'' kuma ta lashe [[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Kyautar Kyautar Nollywood na 2017]] don Mafi kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafawa tare da [[Kate Henshaw]] da [[Omoni Oboli]]. Ta yi fice tare da wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a fina-finai irin su ''[[Lekki Wives]]'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-07 |title=Lekki wives: The dust in the diamond |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/08/lekki-wives-the-dust-in-the-diamond/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]] News |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Ba Mu Zama Nan Ba'', <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2018-10-27 |title=Tope Oshin's 'We Don't Live Here Anymore' Rattles Nollywood |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/10/27/tope-oshins-we-dont-live-here-anymore-rattles-nollywood/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=[[THISDAY]] LIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> da ''[[Journey to Self|Tafiya Don Kai]]'' da sauransu. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Katherine Obiang ya auri wanda yake son zama miloniya (wasan wasan Najeriya) mai masaukin baki [[Frank Edoho]] . Ma'auratan sun yi aure shekara 7 kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya uku. Sun rabu a 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Akintayo |first=Opeoluwani |date=2011-07-23 |title=Industry reels in shock as Frank Edoho, wife separate |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/07/industry-reels-in-shock-as-frank-edoho-separates-from-wife/ |access-date=2021-10-30 |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]] News |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma auren ya ƙare a 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fatunmise |first=Damilola |last2=Okoye |first2=Rita |last3=Ihunenye |first3=Ifeoma A. |last4=Emuekpere |first4=Christopher |date=2016-05-27 |title=Behold biggest breakups rocking entertainment industry |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/behold-biggest-breakups-rocking-entertainment-industry/ |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=[[The Sun (Nigeria)]] |language=en-US}}</ref> === Sana'a === Obiang yar wasan kwaikwayo ce, mai nishadantarwa, halayen kan iska, kuma mai gabatar da talabijin. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen TV a [[Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya|Hukumar Gidan Talabijin ta Najeriya]] (NTA) a kan AM Express (shirin safe) da Nigerian Info 99.3FM. Ta zama mafi shahara lokacin da ta fito a cikin fim din 2012, [[Journey to Self]], wanda [[Tope Oshin]] ya jagoranta. Bayan haka, ta fito a fina-finan Nollywood da dama da shirye-shiryen TV. == Filmography == * ''[[The Women (2017 film)|The Women]]'' (2017) as Rose *''[[We Don't Live Here Anymore (2018 film)|We Don't Live Here Anymore]] (2018) as Nkem'' *[[Lekki Wives|''Lekki Wives (2012)'']] as Uju *''[[Journey to Self]] (2012)''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2013-10-28|title=A Review of The Movie 'Journey To Self'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/a-review-of-the-movie-journey-to-self/n6xnn9g|access-date=2021-10-29|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029090352/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/a-review-of-the-movie-journey-to-self/n6xnn9g|url-status=dead}}</ref> as Rume *''Love and War'' (2013)<ref name=":1" /> as Gina *''Wetin Women Want'' (2018) as Vero *''The Governor (2016) as Joyce'' *''[[Heaven's Hell]] (2019)''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-08|title=Psychological drama, Heaven's Hell to premiere in cinemas|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/05/psychological-drama-heavens-hell-to-premiere-in-cinemas/|access-date=2021-10-28|website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]] News|language=en-US}}</ref>[[Lekki Wives]] as Tara Aliu ==Yabo== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Awards and Nominations !Year !Awards !Category !Result !Ref. |- |2013 |[[2013 Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Best Actress in a Supporting Role in an English Movie |{{Nom}} | |- |2014 |[[Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards]] |Actress of the year (Viewers Choice)- In memory of late Ambassador Segun Olushola |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|last=davies|date=2014-10-01|title=NBMA 2014: Authentic list of nominees|url=https://angeladaviesblog.com.ng/nbma-2014-authentic-list-of-nominees/|access-date=2021-10-29|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029134925/https://angeladaviesblog.com.ng/nbma-2014-authentic-list-of-nominees/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-10-03|title=Nominees For Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards (NBMA) 2014|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/final-list-nominees-for-nigerian-broadcasters-merit-awards-nbma-2014/5ps8jpv|access-date=2021-10-29|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> |- |2014 |[[Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards]] |Outstanding Radio Program Presenter(Midday/lunch hour 11.00am-04.00pm) |{{Nom}} | |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards]] |Best Actress in a Supporting Role (English)- ''The Women'' |{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nwanne|first=Chuks|date=2017-09-09|title=Best of Nollywood 2017… Ogun deputy governor, celebrities read for school children|url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/best-of-nollywood-2017-ogun-deputy-governor-celebrities-read-for-school-children/|access-date=2021-10-28|website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)]] News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Magana == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] gf0p4efocw81yziu9wen5hvhevh4uvs 0 74980 547669 398372 2024-11-28T18:57:22Z A Salisu 14655 547669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=Adesuwa Aighewi|image=Adesuwa Aighewi Paris Fashion Week Autumn Winter 2019.jpg|caption=Aighewi in 2019|birth_name=Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi|birth_place=Minneapolis}}   '''Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi'''<ref name="officemagazine.net2">{{cite web|url=http://officemagazine.net/interview/you-are-here|title=You Are Here|date=September 20, 2016|publisher=}}</ref> yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka kuma mai shirya fina-finai. A cikin shekarar 2018, an zaɓi ta a matsayin wacce ta zo ta biyu don "Breakout Star of the Year" ta model.com. Tun daga watan Janairun 2019, Aighewi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin samfuran "Mafi 50" ta model.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/#18d10580340c|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|work=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://models.com/mdx/model-of-the-year-awards-2018/|title=Model of the Year 2018|publisher=models.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/7672#7672|title=Top 50 Models|work=models.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Adesuwa Aighewi a jihar Minnesota ga wata uwa ’yar kasar China haifaffiyar kasar Thailand, kuma mahaifin dan Najeriya. Kafin yin tallan kayan kawa ta kasance ɗalibar ilmin sinadarai a Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore inda ta fara halarta tana da shekaru 15. Ta taba shiga NASA . Da yake iyayenta masana kimiyyar muhalli ne, ta yi tafiya akai-akai kuma ta shafe rabin yarinta a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/model-call-adesuwa-aighewi-7916489|title=Model Call: Adesuwa Aighewi|first=Kristi|last=Garced|date=September 16, 2014|publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/adesuwa-aighewi-africa-tv-series|title=Adesuwa Aighewi: "I Want To Show What Africa Is From An African's Point Of View"|work=British Vogue|date=January 15, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|title=A day in a life of Adesuwa Aighewi, captured by Nick DeLieto|website=LOVE|access-date=May 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025190035/http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|archive-date=October 25, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == An gano Aighewi a harabar Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore . Ta yi tafiya don Alexander Wang, Coach, Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Kenzo, Kate Spade, Miu Miu, Bottega Veneta, Marc Jacobs, [[Kanye West|Yeezy]], Michael Kors, Prabal Gurung, Christian Dior, Fendi, da Tommy Hilfiger da sauransu. Ta fito a cikin tallace-tallace na Tom Ford, Marc Jacobs, Vera Wang, da Chanel . Bidiyon fashewar Adesuwa mai suna "Spring in Harlem" wanda aka fara shi a LOVE.com kuma Forbes ne ya rubuta shi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/9116/watch-chanel-show-opener-adesuwa-aighewi-makes-her-debut-as-creative-director|title=WATCH: Chanel Show-Opener, Adesuwa Aighewi, Makes her Debut as Creative Director|website=LOVE|language=en-us|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|last=Witte|first=Rae|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Artist !Role |- |2011 |"Bonfire" |Childish Gambino |Camper |- |2012 |"Heartbeat" |Childish Gambino |Girlfriend |- |2016 |"Woman" |Diana Gordon |Model |- |2020 |"Dangerous Love" |[[Tiwa Savage]] |Videocaller |- |} == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] rza2u4f2hx728w4uh9mx1aw7w0huvlv 547670 547669 2024-11-28T18:57:32Z A Salisu 14655 547670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=Adesuwa Aighewi|image=Adesuwa Aighewi Paris Fashion Week Autumn Winter 2019.jpg|caption=Aighewi in 2019|birth_name=Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi|birth_place=Minneapolis}}   '''Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi'''<ref name="officemagazine.net2">{{cite web|url=http://officemagazine.net/interview/you-are-here|title=You Are Here|date=September 20, 2016|publisher=}}</ref> yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka kuma mai shirya fina-finai. A cikin shekarar 2018, an zaɓi ta a matsayin wacce ta zo ta biyu don "Breakout Star of the Year" ta model.com. Tun daga watan Janairun 2019, Aighewi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin samfuran "Mafi 50" ta model.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/#18d10580340c|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|work=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://models.com/mdx/model-of-the-year-awards-2018/|title=Model of the Year 2018|publisher=models.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/7672#7672|title=Top 50 Models|work=models.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Adesuwa Aighewi a jihar Minnesota ga wata uwa ’yar kasar China haifaffiyar ƙasar Thailand, kuma mahaifin dan Najeriya. Kafin yin tallan kayan kawa ta kasance ɗalibar ilmin sinadarai a Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore inda ta fara halarta tana da shekaru 15. Ta taba shiga NASA . Da yake iyayenta masana kimiyyar muhalli ne, ta yi tafiya akai-akai kuma ta shafe rabin yarinta a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/model-call-adesuwa-aighewi-7916489|title=Model Call: Adesuwa Aighewi|first=Kristi|last=Garced|date=September 16, 2014|publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/adesuwa-aighewi-africa-tv-series|title=Adesuwa Aighewi: "I Want To Show What Africa Is From An African's Point Of View"|work=British Vogue|date=January 15, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|title=A day in a life of Adesuwa Aighewi, captured by Nick DeLieto|website=LOVE|access-date=May 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025190035/http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|archive-date=October 25, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == An gano Aighewi a harabar Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore . Ta yi tafiya don Alexander Wang, Coach, Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Kenzo, Kate Spade, Miu Miu, Bottega Veneta, Marc Jacobs, [[Kanye West|Yeezy]], Michael Kors, Prabal Gurung, Christian Dior, Fendi, da Tommy Hilfiger da sauransu. Ta fito a cikin tallace-tallace na Tom Ford, Marc Jacobs, Vera Wang, da Chanel . Bidiyon fashewar Adesuwa mai suna "Spring in Harlem" wanda aka fara shi a LOVE.com kuma Forbes ne ya rubuta shi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/9116/watch-chanel-show-opener-adesuwa-aighewi-makes-her-debut-as-creative-director|title=WATCH: Chanel Show-Opener, Adesuwa Aighewi, Makes her Debut as Creative Director|website=LOVE|language=en-us|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|last=Witte|first=Rae|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Artist !Role |- |2011 |"Bonfire" |Childish Gambino |Camper |- |2012 |"Heartbeat" |Childish Gambino |Girlfriend |- |2016 |"Woman" |Diana Gordon |Model |- |2020 |"Dangerous Love" |[[Tiwa Savage]] |Videocaller |- |} == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 5xn5gwfgk3g7fisbvywpu5glo9aroe7 547671 547670 2024-11-28T18:57:39Z A Salisu 14655 547671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=Adesuwa Aighewi|image=Adesuwa Aighewi Paris Fashion Week Autumn Winter 2019.jpg|caption=Aighewi in 2019|birth_name=Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi|birth_place=Minneapolis}}   '''Adesuwa Thongpond Pariyasapat Aighewi'''<ref name="officemagazine.net2">{{cite web|url=http://officemagazine.net/interview/you-are-here|title=You Are Here|date=September 20, 2016|publisher=}}</ref> yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka kuma mai shirya fina-finai. A cikin shekarar 2018, an zaɓi ta a matsayin wacce ta zo ta biyu don "Breakout Star of the Year" ta model.com. Tun daga watan Janairun 2019, Aighewi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin samfuran "Mafi 50" ta model.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/#18d10580340c|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|work=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://models.com/mdx/model-of-the-year-awards-2018/|title=Model of the Year 2018|publisher=models.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/7672#7672|title=Top 50 Models|work=models.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Adesuwa Aighewi a jihar Minnesota ga wata uwa ’yar ƙasar China haifaffiyar ƙasar Thailand, kuma mahaifin dan Najeriya. Kafin yin tallan kayan kawa ta kasance ɗalibar ilmin sinadarai a Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore inda ta fara halarta tana da shekaru 15. Ta taba shiga NASA . Da yake iyayenta masana kimiyyar muhalli ne, ta yi tafiya akai-akai kuma ta shafe rabin yarinta a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/model-call-adesuwa-aighewi-7916489|title=Model Call: Adesuwa Aighewi|first=Kristi|last=Garced|date=September 16, 2014|publisher=}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/adesuwa-aighewi-africa-tv-series|title=Adesuwa Aighewi: "I Want To Show What Africa Is From An African's Point Of View"|work=British Vogue|date=January 15, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|title=A day in a life of Adesuwa Aighewi, captured by Nick DeLieto|website=LOVE|access-date=May 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025190035/http://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/8621/a-day-in-a-life-of-adesuwa-aighewi-captured-by-nick-delieto|archive-date=October 25, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == An gano Aighewi a harabar Jami'ar Maryland Eastern Shore . Ta yi tafiya don Alexander Wang, Coach, Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Kenzo, Kate Spade, Miu Miu, Bottega Veneta, Marc Jacobs, [[Kanye West|Yeezy]], Michael Kors, Prabal Gurung, Christian Dior, Fendi, da Tommy Hilfiger da sauransu. Ta fito a cikin tallace-tallace na Tom Ford, Marc Jacobs, Vera Wang, da Chanel . Bidiyon fashewar Adesuwa mai suna "Spring in Harlem" wanda aka fara shi a LOVE.com kuma Forbes ne ya rubuta shi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/9116/watch-chanel-show-opener-adesuwa-aighewi-makes-her-debut-as-creative-director|title=WATCH: Chanel Show-Opener, Adesuwa Aighewi, Makes her Debut as Creative Director|website=LOVE|language=en-us|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/raewitte/2018/07/17/model-adesuwa-aighewi-releases-her-directorial-debut-on-the-beauty-of-muslim-women/|title=Model Adesuwa Aighewi Releases Her Directorial Debut On The Beauty Of Muslim Women|last=Witte|first=Rae|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> == Bidiyo == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Artist !Role |- |2011 |"Bonfire" |Childish Gambino |Camper |- |2012 |"Heartbeat" |Childish Gambino |Girlfriend |- |2016 |"Woman" |Diana Gordon |Model |- |2020 |"Dangerous Love" |[[Tiwa Savage]] |Videocaller |- |} == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 2j14nqkg0jjya4syj5iz936472qbe1t 0 76571 547745 417944 2024-11-28T20:25:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francisca Ashietey-Odunton''' (née Ashieteay) 'yar jaridar Ghana ce, mai watsa shirye-shirye kuma diflomasiyya. Ta kasance mukaddashin Darakta Janar na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana kuma a halin yanzu babban kwamishinan Ghana a Turkiyya (2020-date), ya yi aiki a baya a Kenya (2017-2020).<ref name="FRANCISCA">Graphic Ghana,[https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/gbc-s-francisca-ashitey-odunton-appointed-high-commissioner-to-kenya.html "GBC's Francisca Ashitey-Odunton appointed High Commissioner to Kenya"], Graphic Online, 03 August 2017.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former newscaster appointed acting D-G of GBC |url=http://pulse.com.gh/news/francisca-ashietey-odunton-former-newscaster-appointed-acting-d-g-of-gbc-id4748430.html |access-date=20 August 2016 |website=pulse ghana |publisher= |archive-date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620015426/http://www.pulse.com.gh/news/francisca-ashietey-odunton-former-newscaster-appointed-acting-d-g-of-gbc-id4748430.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Glitz top 100 inspirational women – Page 100 – Glitz Africa Magazine |url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/100/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526112709/https://www.thestandpoint.com.gh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == Francisca Ashietey ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Aburi Girls don takardar shaidarta ta yau da kullun da kuma Advanced Level. Ta halarci Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah inda ta sami digiri na Bachelors of Arts a Kimiyya ta Jama'a tare da manyan a Turanci. Ita lauya ce a fannin shari'a tare da gogewa ta shekaru 16, bayan an kira ta zuwa Ghana Bar bayan ta sami LLB daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Ghana a shekarar 1997. Tana da digiri na biyu a fannin watsa labarai da sadarwa daga Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London . Ta kuma sami takardar shaidar digiri a cikin haƙƙin ɗan adam / hadin gwiwar ƙasa da ƙasa a Jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Francisca Ashitey competent for GBC job – Kate Addo |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/regional/Francisca-Ashitey-competent-for-GBC-job-Kate-Addo-424068 |access-date=20 August 2016 |website= |publisher=GhanaWeb}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Francisca Ashietey-Odunton tana da kwarewar sama da shekaru 20 a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shirye tare da Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana. Ta shiga Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana a cikin 1990 a matsayin babban mataimakin samarwa wanda ke haɗe da Sashen samarwa inda ta yi aiki a shirye-shirye daban-daban ciki har da ''Kyekyekule'', Children's Own, Adult Education da Country Music. Ta kuma kasance mai gabatar da talabijin. Ta tashi a matsayin furodusa da darektan, bayan haka aka sauya ta zuwa gidan labarai na TV a 1994. Ta yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a matsayin mai karanta labarai, edita da wakilin shugaban kasa na tsawon shekaru takwas. Daga baya ta zama Babban Edita kuma an sauya ta zuwa sashen shari'a a matsayin Babban Jami'in Shari'a. Ashietey-Odunton ta rufe taron kasa da kasa, gami da Taron Tarayyar Afirka, Taron [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|Ecowas]] da Taron Abinci na Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Francisca Ashietey Odunton is new Deputy Director General of GBC |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2013/october-25th/francisca-ashietey-odunton-is-new-deputy-director-general-of-gbc.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828092541/http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2013/october-25th/francisca-ashietey-odunton-is-new-deputy-director-general-of-gbc.php |archive-date=28 August 2016 |access-date=20 August 2016 |website= |publisher=Multimedia Group}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Committee set up to provide mechanisms for online child protection |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/committee-set-up-to-provide-mechanisms-for-online-child-protection.html |access-date=20 August 2016 |website= |publisher=Graphic Communications Group Limited}}</ref> An fara nada ta Mataimakin Darakta Janar na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PICTURED: Fmr. Newscaster Francisca Ashietey Odunton Is New Deputy Director General Of GBC |url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201310/178410.php |access-date=20 August 2016 |website= |publisher=Peace Fm Online}}</ref> Daga baya aka sanya ta mukaddashin Darakta Janar na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Ghana a watan Mayu, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=NMC appoints Francisca Ashietey-Odunton acting D-G of GBC |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/nmc-appoints-francisca-ashietey-odunton-acting-d-g-of-gbc.html |access-date=20 August 2016 |website= |publisher=Graphic Communications group Limited}}</ref> == Naɗin jakadan == A ranar Laraba 2 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2017, shugaban jamhuriyar [[Ghana]]; [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] ya nada Francisca Ashietey-Odunton a matsayin babban kwamishinan Ghana a [[Kenya]]. Ta kasance daga cikin wasu fitattun 'yan Ghana guda huɗu waɗanda aka nada su don jagorantar ayyukan diflomasiyyar Ghana daban-daban a duniya.<ref name="FRANCISCA"/>Daga baya aka nada ta a matsayin babban kwamishinan Ghana a Turkiyya a shekara ta 2020 kuma a halin yanzu tana aiki da wa'adin ta. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ashietey-Odunton ta auri Olu Christopher Odunton; ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] sfd44mei7ylek8bdbcilc4yda9brbs8 0 76599 547600 519545 2024-11-28T17:05:48Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 547600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:هيثم مصطفى.jpg|thumb|hoton haitam mustangs]] [[Fayil:هيثم مصطفى.jpg|thumb|Haitham Mustafa]] [[Fayil:هيثم مصطفى.jpg|thumb|Haitham Mustafa]] '''Haitham Mostafa Karar''' ( {{Lang-ar|هيثم مصطفي كرار}} ; an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 1977) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Sudan wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya . Shi ne kyaftin na [[Kungiyar Al-Hilal (Omdurman)|Al-Hilal Omdurman]] da tawagar kasar Sudan .<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mamrud |first1=Roberto |title=Haitham Mustafa Karar Ahmed |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/soed-mustafa-intl.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ya koma Al-Hilal a watan Nuwamba 1995 bayan ya canza sheka daga [[Al-Ameer Al-Bahrawi]], kungiyar lig ta biyu. Ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka yi fice a Afirka a lokacin. Ya kasance a kan hanyar zuwa Everton a kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa a 2011, amma an ƙi.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mamrud |first1=Roberto |title=Haitham Mustafa Karar Ahmed |url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/soed-mustafa-intl.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Ya jagoranci tawagar 'yan wasan kasar Sudan don samun tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka a shekarar 2008, wanda shi ne karon farko da tawagar kasar ta samu shiga cikin sama da shekaru 30. == Girmamawa == === Kungiyoyi === * [[Gasar Firimiya ta Sudan|Sudan Premier League]] : [[1996 Sudan Premier League|1996]], [[1998 Sudan Premier League|1998]], [[1999 Sudan Premier League|1999]], [[2003Sudan Premier League|2003]], [[2004 Sudan Premier League|2004]], [[2005 Sudan Premier League|2005]], [[2006 Sudan Premier League|2006]], 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012 * Kofin Sudan : [[1998 Sudan Cup|1998]], [[2000 Sudan Cup|2000]], [[2002 Sudan Cup|2002]], [[2004 Sudan Cup|2004]], [[2009 Sudan Cup|2009]], [[2011 Sudan Cup|2011]] '''Al-Merrikh SC''' * [[Gasar Firimiya ta Sudan|Sudan Premier League]] : 2013 * Kofin Sudan : [[2013 Sudan Cup|2013]], [[2014 Sudan Cup|2014]] * Gasar Cin Kofin Kungiyoyin CECAFA : 2014 '''Sudan''' * Kofin CECAFA : 2006 == Kididdigar sana'a == === Manufar kasa da kasa === {| class="wikitable" !# ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- | 1. | 19 Satumba 2003 | [[Sanaa|Sana'a]], [[Yemen]] |</img> Yemen | 2-1 | Ya ci nasara | Sada zumunci |- | 2. | 12 Disamba 2004 | [[Addis Abeba|Addis Ababa]], [[Itofiya|Ethiopia]] |</img> Kenya | 2-2 | Zana | 2004 CECAFA Cup |- | 3. | 18 Disamba 2004 | [[Addis Abeba|Addis Ababa]], [[Itofiya|Ethiopia]] |</img> Somaliya | 4-0 | Ya ci nasara | 2004 CECAFA Cup |- | 4. | 22 Disamba 2004 | [[Addis Abeba|Addis Ababa]], [[Itofiya|Ethiopia]] |</img> Burundi | 1-2 | Bace | 2004 CECAFA Cup |- | 5. | 21 Disamba 2006 | [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon|Lubnan]] |</img> Somaliya | 6-1 | Ya ci nasara | 2009 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin kasashen Larabawa |- | 6. | 16 ga Janairu, 2011 | [[Kairo|Alkahira]], [[Misra|Misira]] |</img> Tanzaniya | 2-0 | Ya ci nasara | Gasar Kogin Nilu ta 2011 |} == Tambayoyi == Mustafa na daya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kwallon kafar Sudan. Dan wasa ne mai kima sosai. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa Haitham Mustafa ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasan tsakiya. Shi Jakada ne na alheri na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Haitham Mustafa at WorldFootball.net * Haitham Mustafa at National-Football-Teams.com [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] d47z7e53p43ylezbcn0vplm38n0ts7i 0 77124 547779 411069 2024-11-28T20:49:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Haitam Abaida El Achhab''' (an haife shi 1 ga Yuni 2002) ɗan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke taka leda a kulob din Malaga CF na Sipaniya. Yawanci winger na hagu, zai kuma iya taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga baya|dama baya]] . An haife shi a Spain, ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Maroko]] a matakin matasa na duniya. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Polinyà, Barcelona, [[Katalunya|Kataloniya]] zuwa iyayen Moroccan, Abaida ya koma [[FC Barcelona]] 's La Masia a 2012, daga Fundació Calella. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2017 |title=Haitam Abaida nunca perdió la sonrisa ni su olfato goleador |trans-title=Haitam Abaida never lost his smile nor his goalscoring sense |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/cantera/20170222/42223677048/haitam-abaida-nunca-perdio-la-sonrisa-ni-su-olfato-goleador.html |access-date=6 January 2021 |publisher=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |language=es}}</ref> A watan Agusta 2017, bayan da ya fita aiki saboda dakatar da [[FIFA]] akan ''Barça'', ya shiga Malaga CF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2017 |title=El Málaga insiste en la vía marroquí para la Academia |trans-title=Málaga insist in the Moroccan way for the Academy |url=https://eldesmarque.com/malaga/malaga-cf/malaga-noticias/53747-el-malaga-insiste-en-la-via-marroqui-para-la-academia |access-date=6 January 2021 |publisher=El Desmarque |language=es |archive-date=8 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108233706/https://eldesmarque.com/malaga/malaga-cf/malaga-noticias/53747-el-malaga-insiste-en-la-via-marroqui-para-la-academia |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2021, kafin ma ya bayyana a wurin ajiya, Abaida ya fara buga tawagarsa ta farko ta hanyar zuwa a matsayin marigayi maye gurbin abokin karatunsa na matasa David Larrubia a cikin gida 1-0 da Real Oviedo, a gasar Copa del ta kakar . Rey . <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2021 |title=Chavarría se comió el roscón que pagó el Oviedo |trans-title=Chavarría ate the round cake given by Oviedo |url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/segunda-division/malaga-vs-oviedo/cronica/2021/01/06/5ff61761e2704e63a08b4574.html |access-date=6 January 2021 |publisher=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |language=es}}</ref> A karon farko Segunda División ya faru ne a ranar 2 ga Mayu, yayin da ya maye gurbin Ismael Casas a ƙarshen asara 3-0 da RCD Espanyol . Abaida ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ta kwararru a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2022, inda ya zura kwallon farko a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 a Real Zaragoza . == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2002]] l1vapkcktf81lkpp67bicu7311h11bp 0 77264 547505 502981 2024-11-28T12:21:46Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 547505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:ErosNow Stag New 18 White.jpg|thumb|tambarin EROSNOW]] [[Fayil:2022 - ContentMakers BE6 8571 (52476822844).jpg|thumb|masu Isar da sako a wurin]] [[Erasto B. Mpemba|Eros]] Now wani [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|dandalin]] [[Biyafara|biyan]] kuɗi ne na ƙasar [[Indiya]], [[wanda]] aka [[Ƙaddamar da kai|ƙaddamar]] a [[Ciki|cikin]] 2012. Eros Digital ne ke mallakarta kuma ke sarrafa ta, ƙungiyar kula da kafofin watsa labarai ta Indiya ta kamfanin watsa labarai na Indiya da Amurka Eros Media World. Cibiyar sadarwa tana ba da watsa labarai da sabis na bidiyo akan buƙata == Tarihi da ci gaba == An kafa shi a shekara ta 1977, Eros International plc ya fara kasuwancinsa tare da sayen fina-finai kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru ya ci gaba da zama masu rarraba VHS na farko na Indiya. A cikin shekara ta 2012, lokacin da Eros ta ƙaddamar da Eros Now, dandalin nishaɗin dijital da ake buƙata, kamfanin ya canza zuwa cikakken ɗakin karatu. Eros Now tana da niyya ga yawan jama'a biliyan 1.5 na Nishaɗi na Indiya a duk duniya. A farkon ƙaddamarwa, Eros Now ya fara da fina-finai da bidiyon kiɗa a matsayin ainihin abubuwan da ke ciki. Daga 2012 zuwa 2018, ya kara abun ciki kamar gajeren fina-finai, jerin yanar gizo da kuma abubuwan da aka tsara musamman a ƙarƙashin asalin bouquet. Eros Now ya kuma ɗaure- tare da manyan 'yan wasan sadarwa da abubuwan da ke ciki don kasancewa a gaba da layin. == Laburaren abun ciki == Eros Now yana da sunayen sarauta na dijital sama da 12,000 waɗanda suka haɗa da [[Film|fina-finai]], shirye-shiryen talabijin, bidiyon kiɗa da waƙoƙin kiɗa na 2.5 lakhs. Dandalin yana da fina-finai masu ban sha'awa kamar Cheeni Kum, Happy Bhag Jayegi, Manmarziyaan, Bajirao Mastani, Tanu Weds Manu Returns, Goliyon ki raasleela Ram-Leela, Rockstar, Shubh Mangal Savdhan, Vicky Donor, Mukkabaaz, Munna Michael, Ki &amp;amp; Ka, Turanci Vinglish, Sellhan, Zindagi Virat Hain, Maine Pyaar Kiya da Padosan daga cikin wasu lakabi da yawa a fadin harsunan yankin Indiya 10. Dandalin da ake buƙata na dijital yana da tarin shirye-shiryen kasa da kasa waɗanda ake watsawa akan Hum TV da ARY TV.A Indonesia: Bidiyo yanzu yana nuna EROS Yanzu abun ciki akan Bidiyo Tun Yuli 2023 === Shirye-shiryen asali === A watan Janairun 2018, Eros Now ta fara gabatar da gajeren fim din su na farko 'Toffee' tare da Syna Anand da Sammaera Jaiswal. A watan Fabrairun 2018, Eros Now ya yi sanarwa game da fitar da abubuwan da ke ciki na asali a rabi na biyu na shekara, wanda zai hada da fina-finai, jerin, fasalulluka da gajeren fina-fakka. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, Eros Now ta fitar da fim din Indiya na farko kai tsaye zuwa dijital Meri Nimmo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2018 |title=Meri Nimmo review: An uncomplicated, charming story about childhood, first love and heartbreak |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/meri-nimmo-review-an-uncomplicated-charming-story-about-childhood-first-love-and-heartbreak-4448967.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625021736/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/meri-nimmo-review-an-uncomplicated-charming-story-about-childhood-first-love-and-heartbreak-4448967.html |archive-date=25 June 2018 |access-date=11 October 2018}}</ref> Kuma a watan Satumbar 2018, Eros Now ta kaddamar da wasan kwaikwayo na farko na asali 'Side Hero' wanda Rohan Sippy ya jagoranta kuma ya hada da Kunaal Roy Kapoor, Gauahar Khan, Gopal Dutt da Arjun Kanungo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eros Now launches its first original show 'Side Hero' |url=http://bestmediainfo.com/2018/09/eros-now-launches-its-first-original-show-side-hero/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012014515/http://bestmediainfo.com/2018/09/eros-now-launches-its-first-original-show-side-hero/ |archive-date=12 October 2018 |access-date=11 October 2018 |website=www.bestmediaifo.com}}</ref> Ya biyo bayan ƙaddamar da gidan yanar gizon jirgin ruwa na asali 'Smoke' a watan Oktoba 2018 tare da Tom Alter, Jim Sarbh, Mandira Bedi da Kalki Koechlin. Smoke shine kawai jerin yanar gizo na [[Indiya]] da za a nuna a taron shekara-shekara na MIPCOM 2018 a Cannes a Faransa a karkashin Made in India Originals category.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Smoke, Eros Now webseries starring Kalki Koechlin, Jim Sarbh, to premiere at MIPCOM 2018 in Cannes |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/smoke-eros-now-webseries-starring-kalki-koechlin-jim-sarbh-to-premiere-at-mipcom-2018-in-cannes-5308241.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011191450/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/smoke-eros-now-webseries-starring-kalki-koechlin-jim-sarbh-to-premiere-at-mipcom-2018-in-cannes-5308241.html |archive-date=11 October 2018 |access-date=11 October 2018}}</ref> Eros Now kuma yana da jerin yanar gizo da fina-finai kamar A Monsoon Date, Maunn, Salute Siachen, Black & White tambayoyi da sauransu a cikin ɓangaren da ake kira E- Buzz. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2018, Eros Now ya kara fadada dabarun abun ciki tare da ƙaddamar da Eros Now Quickie, wani ɗan gajeren tsarin bidiyo. Eros Now Quickies guda biyu na farko sune Date Gone Wrong, Paise Fek Tamasha Dekh, sun fara yawo a ranar 19 ga Disamba 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-19 |title=Eros Now Launches Quickie, a New Short Form Content Platform |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20181219005403/en/Eros-Launches-Quickie-New-Short-Form-Content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329150331/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20181219005403/en/Eros-Launches-Quickie-New-Short-Form-Content |archive-date=29 March 2019 |access-date=2019-02-28 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Janairun 2019, Eros Now ta kaddamar da saurin sa na uku, The Investigation wanda ya nuna farkon dijital na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin Hiten Tejwani yana taka rawar jami'in reshen aikata laifuka na Mumbai da ke Binciken kisan kai yayin da Leena Jumani (''Kumkum Bhagya'' da ''[[Punar Vivaah|Punar Vivah]]'') ya buga matarsa a kan allo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2019 |title=Hiten Tejwani Shares First Look Of Web-Series The Investigation, Says 'Audience Will Be Glued To It' |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/hiten-tejwani-shares-first-look-of-web-series-the-investigation-says-audience-will-be-glued-to-it-1971941 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228192416/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/hiten-tejwani-shares-first-look-of-web-series-the-investigation-says-audience-will-be-glued-to-it-1971941 |archive-date=28 February 2019 |access-date=2019-02-28 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Janairu, an kaddamar da Eros Now Quickie na huɗu, Tum Se Na Ho Paayega kuma ya nuna Aakashdeep Arora da Juhi Bhatt a matsayin jagora. Nunin ya kasance abun ciki ne mai sauƙi wanda ya kewaye da wani ƙaramin yaro na gari, Bala, da rashin iya magance halayyar jinsi na duniya mai ci gaba.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2024}} Eros Now ta kaddamar da asali na gaba, Operation Cobra a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu. Ya nuna farkon dijital ko ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin Gautam Gulati yana taka rawar wakilin R.A.W. Karan Singh yayin da Ruhi Singh da Nyra Banerjee suka yi rubutun matsayin wakilin MI6 Riya Sharma da ɗan ta'adda Tahira Shaikh bi da bi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-02-13 |title=ErosNow presents first trailer of new web series Operation Cobra |url=https://www.thedigitalhash.com/erosnow-presents-first-trailer-of-new-web-series-operation-cobra/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228192131/https://www.thedigitalhash.com/erosnow-presents-first-trailer-of-new-web-series-operation-cobra/ |archive-date=28 February 2019 |access-date=2019-02-28 |website=The Digital Hash |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Maris 2019, Eros Now ta ƙaddamar da asali na gaba, Metro Park . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-02-23 |title=Metro Park Official Trailer – An Eros Now Original Series {{!}} All Episodes Live On 3rd March |url=https://www.unp.me/f189/metro-park-official-trailer-an-eros-now-original-series-all-episodes-live-on-3rd-march-366879/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204045424/https://www.unp.me/threads/metro-park-official-trailer-an-eros-now-original-series-all-episodes-live-on-3rd-march.366879/ |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=2019-03-01 |website=UNP |language=en-US}}</ref> Abi Varghese ne ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayon, da taurari Ranvir Shorey, Purbi Joshi, Vega Tamotia, Omi Vaidya da Pitobash. == Biyan kuɗi da tushen masu biyan kuɗi == Tsarin kasuwanci na Eros Now shine biyan kuɗi wanda ya dogara da nau'ikan shirye-shiryen membobin da ke gudana guda uku. Shirin na asali (a Indiya) ya haɗa da samun dama ga daidaitattun ma'anar inganci ba tare da aiki a INR 49. Shirin da ya fi dacewa (a Indiya) yana ba da damar samun dama da aiki mara iyaka don yawo ciki har da samun damar HD yawo da fasalulluka kamar saukewa a kan layi, jerin kallo da lissafin wasa a INR 99. Shirin mafi girma (na kasa da kasa) ya haɗa da samun dama ga babban ma'anar da cikakken fasalin. Farashin ya bambanta a duk faɗin ƙasashe watau Amurka US $ 7.99 a kowane wata, Burtaniya £ 4.99 GBP, UAE DHMS 20, Malaysia MYR10. Eros Now yana da masu amfani da rajista miliyan 128 da masu biyan kuɗi miliyan 30 a duk duniya. (Dukan masu biyan kuɗi na iya haɗawa da waɗanda ke kan biyan kuɗi, gwaji kyauta ko ta hanyar mafi ƙarancin garantin muddin an ba da hanyar biyan kuɗi.) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jalen |first=Trisha |date=8 February 2019 |title=Eros Now has 13M paid subscribers in Q3FY19; now at 128M registered users |url=https://www.medianama.com/2019/02/223-eros-now-earnings-q3fy19/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218021209/https://www.medianama.com/2019/02/223-eros-now-earnings-q3fy19/ |archive-date=18 February 2019 |access-date=2020-10-28 |website=www.medianama.com}}</ref> Eros Now yana da masu biyan kuɗi miliyan 18 a YouTube kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin YouTube 100 mafi yawan biyan kuɗi a Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 100 Most Subscribed Youtubers in India – NoxInfluencer |url=https://www.noxinfluencer.com/youtube-channel-rank/top-100-in-all-youtuber-sorted-by-subs-weekly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417095334/https://www.noxinfluencer.com/youtube-channel-rank/top-100-in-all-youtuber-sorted-by-subs-weekly |archive-date=17 April 2019 |access-date=24 May 2019 |website=www.noxinfluencer.com}}</ref> == Haɗin gwiwa == === Haɗin gwiwar Telecom === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%" ! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;" |Lokacin da ! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;" |Haɗin gwiwa ! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;" |Bayani |- |Janairu 2016 |Ra'ayi na Cell |Eros Now ya ba masu biyan kuɗi na 4G na Idea damar yin amfani da sabis na Eros Now ciki har da fina-finai, kiɗa, abubuwan TV da asalin Eros Now.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kurup |first=Rajesh |date=5 January 2016 |title=ErosNow enters into content distribution deal with Idea Cellular |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/erosnow-enters-into-content-distribution-deal-with-idea-cellular/article8068424.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031131236/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/erosnow-enters-into-content-distribution-deal-with-idea-cellular/article8068424.ece |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=21 November 2018 |website=@businessline}}</ref> |- |Afrilu 2016 |Maxis Sadarwa da U Mobile |Eros Now ya shiga kasuwar Malaysia ta wannan haɗin gwiwa. A matsayin wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwa tare da Maxis, Eros Now an haɗa shi a cikin kewayon shirye-shiryen bayanan da aka riga aka biya da kuma bayan an biya shi, yana ba da gabatarwa daban-daban ga masu biyan kuɗi. Yarjejeniyar tare da U Mobile ta ba da damar samun damar abokan ciniki na telecom kafin da bayan biyan kuɗi ga biyan kuɗi na Eros Now.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ErosNow enters Malaysia with partnerships With Maxis and U Mobile – The Economic Times |url=https://m.economictimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/erosnow-enters-malaysia-with-partnerships-with-maxis-and-u-mobile/amp_articleshow/52030067.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121163246/https://m.economictimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/erosnow-enters-malaysia-with-partnerships-with-maxis-and-u-mobile/amp_articleshow/52030067.cms |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=21 November 2018 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref> |- |Agusta 2016 |Dogaro da Jio |Shirin ya ba masu amfani damar samun damar ingantaccen sabis na Eros Now a cikin tsarin halittu na Jio. Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya taimaka wa Eros Now tare da damar samun sabbin masu biyan kuɗi a duk birane da yankunan karkara na Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reliance Jio users to get Eros Now content on phones as companies renew partnership – ET Telecom |url=https://telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/reliance-jio-users-to-get-eros-now-content-on-phones-as-companies-renew-partnership/62549635 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031092610/https://telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/reliance-jio-users-to-get-eros-now-content-on-phones-as-companies-renew-partnership/62549635 |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=28 October 2020 |website=ETTelecom.com}}</ref> |- |Nuwamba 2016 |Vodafone |Eros Now ta ba da sanarwar haɗin gwiwar rarrabawa tare da Vodafone ko haɗin kai tare da Vodafone Play. Tare da wannan haɗin gwiwa, masu amfani da Vodafone Play sun sami damar samun damar Eros Now ta Bollywood abun ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-11-23 |title=Eros Now announces distribution partnership with Vodafone |url=https://www.exchange4media.com/amp/digital-news/eros-now-announces-distribution-partnership-with-vodafone-66776.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121203714/https://www.exchange4media.com/amp/digital-news/eros-now-announces-distribution-partnership-with-vodafone-66776.html |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=2020-10-28 |website=Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media}}</ref> |- |Fabrairu 2017 |BSNL |Eros Now ta sanar da hadin gwiwa tare da SpeedPay - wata walat din da ke da manufa da yawa da kuma mai ba da sadarwa na jihar Indiya, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-02-27 |title=BSNL to bundle Eros Now app for new & existing data customers |url=https://www.medianama.com/2017/02/223-eros-now-speedpay-bsnl-partnership/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121203831/https://www.medianama.com/2017/02/223-eros-now-speedpay-bsnl-partnership/ |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=2020-10-28 |website=MediaNama}}</ref> |- |Nuwamba 2017 |Telecel Global Pty |Eros Now ya shiga kasuwar Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da jagoran mai ba da sadarwa Telecel Global Pty . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2017 |title=Eros Now Announces Entry into South African Market with Telecel Global Partnership |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20171103005441/en/Eros-Now-Announces-Entry-into-South-African-Market-with-Telecel-Global-Partnership |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031023652/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20171103005441/en/Eros-Now-Announces-Entry-into-South-African-Market-with-Telecel-Global-Partnership |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=28 October 2020 |website=www.businesswire.com}}</ref> |- |Yuni 2018 |Tattaunawar Axiata PLC |Haɗin yana ba da damar masu amfani da Dialog Axiata PLC su bincika cikin sa'o'i sama da 20,000 na abubuwan Indiya na asali a cikin harsuna sama da 10 <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2018 |title=Dialog Partners with Eros Now to Give Sri Lankans Best in Regional Content |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180628005749/en/Dialog-Partners-with-Eros-Now-to-Give-Sri-Lankans-Best-in-Regional-Content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102035423/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180628005749/en/Dialog-Partners-with-Eros-Now-to-Give-Sri-Lankans-Best-in-Regional-Content |archive-date=2 November 2020 |access-date=28 October 2020 |website=www.businesswire.com}}</ref> |} === Alliances na dandamali === ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} ghesh7awfkdwjy3x9eyi6belaoz80s2 0 77657 547687 527995 2024-11-28T19:29:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daddy Showkey''' gogaggen mawakin Najeriya ne na [[Galala (dance)|galala]]. Salon kiɗansa ana kiransa dance ghetto ko kuma kawai ghetto. Ya shahara a Ajegunle a karshen shekarun 1990. An haife shi da suna '''John Odafe Asiemo''' amma an san shi da '''Daddy Showkey''' a duk faɗin Ghetto.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/glitz/item/12948-i-don-t-know-why-god-is-still-keeping-me-alive-daddy-showkey/12948-i-don-t-know-why-god-is-still-keeping-me-alive-daddy-showkey |title=I don't know why God is still keeping me alive —Daddy Showkey |publisher=Tribune.com.ng |accessdate=25 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103122558/http://www.tribune.com.ng/glitz/item/12948-i-don-t-know-why-god-is-still-keeping-me-alive-daddy-showkey/12948-i-don-t-know-why-god-is-still-keeping-me-alive-daddy-showkey |archivedate=3 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/07/daddy-showkey-my-life-on-the-streets/|title=Daddy Showkey: My Life on the streets|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=25 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ngtrends.com/2014/08/visit-my-house-and-youll-know-if-am-broke-daddy-showkey/|title=Visit My House And You'll Know If Am Broke - Daddy Showkey -NG Trends|work=NG Trends|accessdate=25 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigerianewsdigest.com/%EF%BB%BFi-was-abandoned-after-i-had-an-accident-daddy-showkey-interview/ |title=I Was Abandoned After I Had an Accident – Daddy Showkey [interview] |publisher=Nigeriannewsdigest.com |accessdate=25 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025145101/http://nigerianewsdigest.com/%EF%BB%BFi-was-abandoned-after-i-had-an-accident-daddy-showkey-interview/ |archivedate=25 October 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ngtunes.com/video-interview-second-coming-daddy-showkey/|title=VIDEO INTERVIEW: The Second Coming of Daddy Showkey|work=Ng Tunes|accessdate=25 October 2014|archive-date=25 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025143921/http://www.ngtunes.com/video-interview-second-coming-daddy-showkey/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya fito ne daga Masarautar Olomoro a Isoko ta Kudu LGA na Jihar Delta.<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/12/alex-ekubo-daddy-showkey-others-turn-brand-ambassadors/</ref> == Wakokinsa == *1996 "Diana" *1991 "Fire Fire" *2000 "The Name" *2011 "The Chicken" *2011 "Sandra" *2011 "Young girl" *2011 "Ragga Hip hop" *2011 "Asiko" *2011 "Mayazeno" *2011 "Girl's cry" *2011 "What's gonna be gonna be" *2011 "Welcome" *2011 "Ghetto Soldier" *2011 "Jehovah" *2011 "Dancing scene" *2017 "One Day" *2017 "Shokey Again" <ref>[https://sa.waploaded.com/music/artiste/Daddy+Showkey/ "Daddy Showkey's Songs In 2018"], ''web.waploaded.com''</ref><ref>[https://www.naijavibes.com/2017/02/download-daddy-showkey-showkey-again-prod-phat-beatz/ "Daddy Showkey – Showkey Again (Prod. Phat Beatz)"], ''www.naijavibes.com''</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] evl5f8lmn9arao86zs0338ixdngo4ov 0 78226 547930 517063 2024-11-28T22:10:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Bmuweblogo.png|thumb|Tambarin Bayelsa ]] [[Fayil:Pharmacy students Niger Delta University,Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State.jpg|thumb|Dalibam Bayelsa ]] '''Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Bayelsa''' (BMU) is a [[Yenagoa]], [[Bayelsa|Bayelsa State]] in [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 January 2020 |title=Bayelsa Medical University holds maiden matriculation |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/01/bayelsa-medical-university-holds-maiden-matriculation/ |access-date=30 August 2020 |publisher=Vanguard}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=NUC APPROVES MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN BAYELSA |url=https://cvcnigeria.org/nuc-approves-medical-university-in-bayelsa/ |access-date=30 August 2020 |publisher=CVC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2019 |title=Nigeria now has 170 universities as NUC approves Bayelsa Medical University |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/nigeria-now-has-170-universities-as-nuc-approves-bayelsa-medical-university/1xme6f6 |access-date=30 August 2020}}</ref> == Tsangayoyi == * Faculty of Clinical Sciences <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-22 |title=Bayelsa Medical University, BMU School Fees Schedule 2024/2025 - PrepsNG Scholars |url=https://www.preps.ng/bayelsa-medical-university-bmu-school-fees/ |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=www.preps.ng |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127211000/https://www.preps.ng/bayelsa-medical-university-bmu-school-fees/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Faculty of Health Sciences * Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences * Faculty of Sciences * Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences == Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Asibiti == * Magani da tiyata * Likitan hakora === Amincewa da (MBBS) === Hukumar da ke da alhakin amincewa da digirin farko na likitanci da digirin digirgir (MBBS) ta amince da shirin MBBS na makarantar, hakan ya ba su damar shiga jarabawar MB don cancantar ɗalibai da gudanar da shirin cikin sauki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okioma |first=Amos |date=April 5, 2024 |title=MDCN Approves Bayelsa Medical University MBBS Programme |url=https://thewillnews.com/mdcn-approves-bayelsa-medical-university-mbbs-programme/ |access-date=24 April 2024 |website=thewillnews.com}}</ref> == Tsangayar Kimiyya ta Lafiya == * [[Ungozoma|Nursing]] * Optometry * Physiotherapy * Kimiyyar Laboratory Medical * Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a * Abincin Ɗan Adam da Abincin Abinci * Lafiyar Al'umma * [[Radiography & Radiation Science|Radiyo da Kimiyyar Radiation]] * Gudanar da Bayanan Lafiya * [[Health Care Administration & Hospital Management|Gudanar da Kula da Lafiya da Gudanar da Asibiti]] == Tsangayar Kimiyya ta Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya == * Jikin Ɗan Adam (Human Anatomy) * Ilimin Halittar Ɗan Adam * [[Biochemistry]] == Tsangayar Kimiyya == * Physics tare da lantarki * [[Kimiyya|Chemistry]] * Microbiology * [[Biology|Halittu]] * [[Lissafi]] * Kididdiga === Ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu === Ma'aikacin laburare na jami'ar shi ne DR. Victor Idido. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNIVERSITY LIBRARIAN |url=https://bmu.edu.ng/index.php/component/sppagebuilder/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=Bayelsa Medical University |language=en-gb }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[List of academic libraries in Nigeria|Dakunan karatu a Najeriya]] * [[Jami'ar Kimiyya da Lafiya ta Tarayya, Azare|Jami'ar Tarayya ta Kimiyyar Lafiya, Azare]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m9oh74d9fa98kxa9rax05wr000o3jo5 0 78407 547748 523854 2024-11-28T20:27:58Z Saudarh2 14842 547748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:UC Irvine, Main Circle - University Center View.JPG|thumb|administrative block]] [[Fayil:University of California, Irvine logo.svg|thumb|logo din makarantan]] jama'a'ar California, Irvine (UCI ko UC Irvine) jami'a ce ta gwamnati da ke ba da gudummawa a Irvine, California . Ɗaya daga cikin makarantun goma na tsarin Jami'ar California, UCI tana ba da digiri na farko 87, da digiri na digiri da digiri na kwararru 129, kuma kusan dalibai 30,000. Da dalibai masu digiri 6,000. Sun shiga UCI a farkon shekara ta 2019.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200815045430/https://www.oir.uci.edu/Data-Hub/Enrollment-Dashboard.php</ref> Jami'ar ta rarraba cikin "R1: Jami'o'in Doctoral - Babban aikin bincike" kuma tana da dala miliyan 523.7, a cikin bincike da kashe kudi a cikin shekarar 2021.<ref>https://www.ucop.edu/investment-office/investment-reports/annual-reports/uc-investments-annual-endowment-report-fy-2021-2022-public-final.pdf</ref> UCI ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Amurka a cikin shekarar 1996. ==Tarihi== Jami'ar California, Irvine (tare da San Diego da Santa Cruz) na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun Jami'ar Californi guda uku da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1960, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Jagora na California don Ilimi Mafi Girma. A cikin shekarun 1950,<ref>https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/06/16/president-obama-speaks-climate-change-uc-irvine-commencement-ceremony</ref> Jami'ar California ta ga bukatar sabbin makarantun don magance karuwar da ake tsammani a cikin rajista daga karuwar jarirai bayan yakin. Ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun ya kasance a yankin Los Angeles; wurin da aka zaɓa shi ne Irvine Ranch, wani yanki na ƙasar noma da ke raba Orange County daga arewa zuwa kudu. An zaɓi wannan shafin don karɓar yawan jama'ar gundumar, ya haɗa da ci gaban UCLA da UC Riverside da ke kusa, kuma ya ba da damar gina babban al'umma da aka tsara a yankin da ke kewaye.<ref>https://archive.org/details/publicivysguidet0000moll</ref> ==Manazarta== 7b5sc6o9aa7h6uqrvkpyzthe7cwkckn 547750 547748 2024-11-28T20:28:49Z Saudarh2 14842 547750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:UC Irvine, Main Circle - University Center View.JPG|thumb|administrative block]] [[Fayil:University of California, Irvine logo.svg|thumb|logo din makarantan]] jama'a'ar California, Irvine (UCI ko UC Irvine) jami'a ce ta gwamnati da ke ba da gudummawa a Irvine, California . Ɗaya daga cikin makarantun goma na tsarin Jami'ar California, UCI tana ba da digiri na farko 87, da digiri na digiri da digiri na kwararru 129, kuma kusan dalibai 30,000. Da dalibai masu digiri 6,000. Sun shiga UCI a farkon shekara ta 2019.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200815045430/https://www.oir.uci.edu/Data-Hub/Enrollment-Dashboard.php</ref> Jami'ar ta rarraba cikin "R1: Jami'o'in Doctoral - Babban aikin bincike" kuma tana da dala miliyan 523.7, a cikin bincike da kashe kudi a cikin shekarar 2021.<ref>https://www.ucop.edu/investment-office/investment-reports/annual-reports/uc-investments-annual-endowment-report-fy-2021-2022-public-final.pdf</ref> UCI ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Amurka a cikin shekarar 1996. ==Tarihi== Jami'ar kasar California, Irvine (tare da San Diego da Santa Cruz) na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun Jami'ar Californi guda uku da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1960, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Jagora na California don Ilimi Mafi Girma. A cikin shekarun 1950,<ref>https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/06/16/president-obama-speaks-climate-change-uc-irvine-commencement-ceremony</ref> Jami'ar California ta ga bukatar sabbin makarantun don magance karuwar da ake tsammani a cikin rajista daga karuwar jarirai bayan yakin. Ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun ya kasance a yankin Los Angeles; wurin da aka zaɓa shi ne Irvine Ranch, wani yanki na ƙasar noma da ke raba Orange County daga arewa zuwa kudu. An zaɓi wannan shafin don karɓar yawan jama'ar gundumar, ya haɗa da ci gaban UCLA da UC Riverside da ke kusa, kuma ya ba da damar gina babban al'umma da aka tsara a yankin da ke kewaye.<ref>https://archive.org/details/publicivysguidet0000moll</ref> ==Manazarta== ksfv0obwje30ftdzhejqko5kzg5gc6h 547801 547750 2024-11-28T20:59:34Z Mahuta 11340 547801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:UC Irvine, Main Circle - University Center View.JPG|thumb|administrative block]] [[Fayil:University of California, Irvine logo.svg|thumb|logo din makarantan]] jama'a'ar California, Irvine (UCI ko UC Irvine) jami'a ce ta gwamnati da ke ba da gudummawa a Irvine, California . Ɗaya daga cikin makarantun goma na tsarin Jami'ar California, UCI tana ba da digiri na farko 87, da digiri na digiri da digiri na kwararru 129, kuma kusan dalibai 30,000. Da dalibai masu digiri 6,000. Sun shiga UCI a farkon shekara ta 2019.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200815045430/https://www.oir.uci.edu/Data-Hub/Enrollment-Dashboard.php</ref> Jami'ar ta rarraba cikin "R1: Jami'o'in Doctoral - Babban aikin bincike" kuma tana da dala miliyan 523.7, a cikin bincike da kashe kudi a cikin shekarar 2021.<ref>https://www.ucop.edu/investment-office/investment-reports/annual-reports/uc-investments-annual-endowment-report-fy-2021-2022-public-final.pdf</ref> UCI ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Amurka a cikin shekarar 1996. ==Tarihi== Jami'ar kasar [[California]], Irvine (tare da San Diego da Santa Cruz) na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun Jami'ar Californi guda uku da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1960, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Jagora na California don Ilimi Mafi Girma. A cikin shekarun 1950,<ref>https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/06/16/president-obama-speaks-climate-change-uc-irvine-commencement-ceremony</ref> Jami'ar California ta ga bukatar sabbin makarantun don magance karuwar da ake tsammani a cikin rajista daga karuwar jarirai bayan yakin. Ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun ya kasance a yankin Los Angeles; wurin da aka zaɓa shi ne Irvine Ranch, wani yanki na ƙasar noma da ke raba Orange County daga arewa zuwa kudu. An zaɓi wannan shafin don karɓar yawan jama'ar gundumar, ya haɗa da ci gaban UCLA da UC Riverside da ke kusa, kuma ya ba da damar gina babban al'umma da aka tsara a yankin da ke kewaye.<ref>https://archive.org/details/publicivysguidet0000moll</ref> ==Manazarta== 0v6l2i6obktiel14a1fu7evr70gx11x 547803 547801 2024-11-28T20:59:56Z Mahuta 11340 547803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:UC Irvine, Main Circle - University Center View.JPG|thumb|administrative block]] [[Fayil:University of California, Irvine logo.svg|thumb|logo din makarantan]] jama'a'ar California, Irvine (UCI ko UC Irvine) jami'a ce ta gwamnati da ke ba da gudummawa a Irvine, California . Ɗaya daga cikin makarantun goma na tsarin Jami'ar California, UCI tana ba da digiri na farko 87, da digiri na digiri da digiri na kwararru 129, kuma kusan dalibai 30,000. Da dalibai masu digiri 6,000. Sun shiga UCI a farkon shekara ta 2019.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200815045430/https://www.oir.uci.edu/Data-Hub/Enrollment-Dashboard.php</ref> Jami'ar ta rarraba cikin "R1: Jami'o'in Doctoral - Babban aikin bincike" kuma tana da dala miliyan 523.7, a cikin bincike da kashe kudi a cikin shekarar 2021.<ref>https://www.ucop.edu/investment-office/investment-reports/annual-reports/uc-investments-annual-endowment-report-fy-2021-2022-public-final.pdf</ref> UCI ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Amurka a cikin shekarar 1996. ==Tarihi== Jami'ar kasar [[California]], Irvine (tare da San Diego da Santa Cruz) na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun Jami'ar Californi guda uku da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1960, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Jagora na [[California]] don Ilimi Mafi Girma. A cikin shekarun 1950,<ref>https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/06/16/president-obama-speaks-climate-change-uc-irvine-commencement-ceremony</ref> Jami'ar California ta ga bukatar sabbin makarantun don magance karuwar da ake tsammani a cikin rajista daga karuwar jarirai bayan yakin. Ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun ya kasance a yankin Los Angeles; wurin da aka zaɓa shi ne Irvine Ranch, wani yanki na ƙasar noma da ke raba Orange County daga arewa zuwa kudu. An zaɓi wannan shafin don karɓar yawan jama'ar gundumar, ya haɗa da ci gaban UCLA da UC Riverside da ke kusa, kuma ya ba da damar gina babban al'umma da aka tsara a yankin da ke kewaye.<ref>https://archive.org/details/publicivysguidet0000moll</ref> ==Manazarta== et7wdkn36yssgxcj00vnym4zpqkn8db 547804 547803 2024-11-28T21:00:10Z Mahuta 11340 547804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:UC Irvine, Main Circle - University Center View.JPG|thumb|administrative block]] [[Fayil:University of California, Irvine logo.svg|thumb|logo din makarantan]] jama'a'ar California, Irvine (UCI ko UC Irvine) jami'a ce ta gwamnati da ke ba da gudummawa a Irvine, California . Ɗaya daga cikin makarantun goma na tsarin Jami'ar California, UCI tana ba da digiri na farko 87, da digiri na digiri da digiri na kwararru 129, kuma kusan dalibai 30,000. Da dalibai masu digiri 6,000. Sun shiga UCI a farkon shekara ta 2019.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200815045430/https://www.oir.uci.edu/Data-Hub/Enrollment-Dashboard.php</ref> Jami'ar ta rarraba cikin "R1: Jami'o'in Doctoral - Babban aikin bincike" kuma tana da dala miliyan 523.7, a cikin bincike da kashe kudi a cikin shekarar 2021.<ref>https://www.ucop.edu/investment-office/investment-reports/annual-reports/uc-investments-annual-endowment-report-fy-2021-2022-public-final.pdf</ref> UCI ta zama memba na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Amurka a cikin shekarar 1996. ==Tarihi== Jami'ar kasar [[California]], Irvine (tare da San Diego da Santa Cruz) na ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun Jami'ar Californi guda uku da aka kafa a cikin shekarun 1960, a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Jagora na [[California]] don Ilimi Mafi Girma. A cikin shekarun 1950,<ref>https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/06/16/president-obama-speaks-climate-change-uc-irvine-commencement-ceremony</ref> Jami'ar [[California]] ta ga bukatar sabbin makarantun don magance karuwar da ake tsammani a cikin rajista daga karuwar jarirai bayan yakin. Ɗaya daga cikin sabbin makarantun ya kasance a yankin Los Angeles; wurin da aka zaɓa shi ne Irvine Ranch, wani yanki na ƙasar noma da ke raba Orange County daga arewa zuwa kudu. An zaɓi wannan shafin don karɓar yawan jama'ar gundumar, ya haɗa da ci gaban UCLA da UC Riverside da ke kusa, kuma ya ba da damar gina babban al'umma da aka tsara a yankin da ke kewaye.<ref>https://archive.org/details/publicivysguidet0000moll</ref> ==Manazarta== 3f3pygf35e9ed6ya0r5o9voeg048yrr 0 79032 547755 509006 2024-11-28T20:35:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Young Coders from the Ghana Code Club at the Wikipedia workshop at the 2018 African Summit on Women and Girls in Technology.jpg|thumb|mata yan kungiyar '''The Ghana Code Club''' ]] [[Fayil:CEO of Ghana Code Club at the Wikipedia workshop at the 2018 African Summit on Women and Girls in Technology.jpg|thumb|CEO na '''Ghana Code Club''' a tsaye]] '''The Ghana Code Club''' wani shiri ne bayan makaranta a Ghana wanda ke koyar da yara ƙwarewar shirye-shiryen kwamfuta. Ernestina Edem Appiah ce ta kafa shirin, kuma an shirya shirin a makarantu daban-daban ta hanyar Healthy Career Initiative, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a Ghana. Appiah ne ya kafa Cibiyar Kwarewar Kiwon Lafiya, a cikin 2007. Ghana Code Club kungiya ce ta nishaɗi ta dijital wacce ake shirya a makarantu a Ghana don yara tsakanin shekaru 8-17. Shirin ne na bayan makaranta.<ref name="Quashie 2015">{{cite web | last=Quashie | first=Sena | title=Meet: Ernestina Edem Appiah-The ICT Whisperer | website=Pulse | date=November 18, 2015 | url=http://pulse.com.gh/building/meet-ernestina-edem-appiah-the-ict-whisperer-id4372836.html | accessdate=January 14, 2016 | archive-date=December 25, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225181025/http://pulse.com.gh/building/meet-ernestina-edem-appiah-the-ict-whisperer-id4372836.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="GW-1">{{cite web | title=Meet the woman teaching Ghana's kids to code | website=Ghana Web | date=January 12, 2016 | url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/diaspora/Meet-the-woman-teaching-Ghana-s-kids-to-code-406984 | accessdate=January 14, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="AfricaCodeWeek 2014">{{cite web | title=Ambassadors | website=AfricaCodeWeek | date=August 13, 2014 | url=http://www.africacodeweek.org/about/ambassadors?page=6 | accessdate=January 14, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="Chatora 2016">{{cite web | last=Chatora | first=Arthur | title=Ghana Code Club offers coding lessons to kids | website=This Is Africa | date=January 12, 2016 | url=http://thisisafrica.me/15814-2/ | accessdate=January 14, 2016 | archive-date=January 13, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113202911/http://thisisafrica.me/15814-2/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="GHS-1">Angela, Hephzi (October 20, 2015). [http://ghscientific.com/black-history-month-day-20-the-ghana-code-club/ "Black History Month Day 20: The Ghana Code Club"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413010907/https://www.ghscientific.com/black-history-month-day-20-the-ghana-code-club/ |date=2021-04-13 }}. GH Scientific.</ref> Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2016 a Ghana, tsarin fasahar sadarwa na yanzu a Ghana bai haɗa da ayyukan ilmantarwa don fasaha ba. Kungiyar tana ƙarfafa yara su sami ƙwarewar zamani a cikin fasahar kwamfuta don taimaka musu da ayyukan gaba.[1] Wasu daga cikin ayyukan sun haɗa da koyon yadda za a ƙirƙiri shafukan yanar gizo, raye-raye da wasannin bidiyo. A watan Janairun 2016, shirin ya fara aiki a makarantu biyar, kuma kungiyar tana shirye don fadada zuwa mafi yawan makarantu a Ghana a cikin 2016, tare da burin ilimantar da akalla yara 20,000. [1] Kalubale da Ghana Code Club ke fuskanta sun haɗa da matsalolin haɗin intanet a Ghana, da kuma samun damar samun babban birnin da kayan aikin kwamfuta. A sakamakon haka, ana koyar da wani bangare mai mahimmanci na azuzuwan a kan takarda tare da bugawa. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:CEO of Ghana Code Club at the Wikipedia workshop at the 2018 African Summit on Women and Girls in Technology.jpg|thumb|Ghana Code Club]] Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Ghana Code Club shine Ernestina Edem Appiah, sha'awarta ta fara ne da wata kasida da ta karanta game da yara a Burtaniya koyon koyon koodu (shirye-shiryen kwamfuta). Appiah na ɗaya daga cikin mata 100 na BBC.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse-ghana.stage.blick.frz.tfag.de/innovation/pulse-womens-month-meet-ernestina-edem-appiah-the-ict-whisperer-id4372836.html|title=Pulse Women's Month: Meet Ernestina Edem Appiah, the ICT whisperer - Innovation - Pulse|last=Quashie|first=Sena|access-date=2016-12-04}}</ref> == Manazarta == fv6nialjtlcfl22ecgwstpw137t98ql 0 79171 547961 540782 2024-11-28T22:32:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jami'ar Tarayya Otuoke''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University, Otuoke (fuotuoke){{!}} School Fees, Courses & Admission info |url=https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/universities/federal-university-otuoke.php |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=universitycompass.com}}</ref> Jami'ar Gwamnatin Tarayya ce da ke zaune a Otuoke, wani gari a [[Ogbia|Yankin karamar hukuma na Ogbia]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ogbia Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Ogbia-Local-Government-Area/62280/ |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.finelib.com}}</ref> na [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands |url=https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307180732/https://bayelsastate.gov.ng/ |archive-date=2022-03-07 |access-date=2022-03-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> Kudancin [[Najeriya]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-10 |title=What You Don't Know About Otuoke |url=https://t.guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/what-you-dont-know-about-otuoke/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914023128/https://t.guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/what-you-dont-know-about-otuoke/ |archive-date=2021-09-14 |access-date=2021-09-14 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dele Sobowale |date=23 April 2015 |title=Federal University of Otuoke, FUO, after Gej's Presidency (1) |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/04/federal-university-of-otuoke-fuo-after-gejs-presidency-1/ |access-date=31 July 2015 |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}</ref> Jami'ar tana ɗaya daga cikin sabbin Jami'o'in Tarayya guda tara da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta kafa a watan Fabrairun 2011 a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin shugaban kasa, Dokta [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck]] Jonathan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=home |url=https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/ |access-date=2022-03-23 |website=FUOTUOKE |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria {{!}} History, Population, Flag, Map, Languages, Capital, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Nigeria |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University Otuoke School Fees |url=https://www.preps.ng/fuotuoke-school-fees-schedule/ |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=PrepsNG Scholars |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119135431/https://www.preps.ng/fuotuoke-school-fees-schedule/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About FU Otuoke {{!}} Federal University Otuoke |url=https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/about-us/about-fuotuoke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914022310/https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/about-us/about-fuotuoke |archive-date=2021-09-14 |access-date=2021-09-14 |website=fuotuoke.edu.ng}}</ref> Jami'ar Tarayya Otuoke tana cikin zuciyar yankin Niger-Delta na Jihar Bayelsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University, Otuoke {{!}} Academic Influence |url=https://academicinfluence.com/schools/federal-university-otuoke |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=academicinfluence.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=home |url=https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/ |access-date=2022-02-11 |website=FUOTUOKE |language=en-US}}</ref> An kafa jami'ar a cikin 2011 kuma ta fara ne da dalibai 282 na majagaba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.fuotuoke.edu.ng/about-us/faqs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419164859/http://www.fuotuoke.edu.ng/about-us/faqs |archive-date=19 April 2019 |access-date=31 July 2015}}</ref> Jami'ar tana da fannoni shida (6) kuma tana ba da darussan digiri a matakan digiri.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2023 |title=Federal University Otuoke Cut Off Marks |url=https://www.preps.ng/fuotuoke-cut-off-mark/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |publisher=PrepsNG |archive-date=19 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119150923/https://www.preps.ng/fuotuoke-cut-off-mark/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Post Graduate Levels - suna ba da Post Graduate Diploma, Masters, da Doctorate Degrees. Darussan digiri na farko suna cikin Faculty of Science, Management Science, <ref>{{Cite web |title=management science {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/management-science |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Social Science and Humanities, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=What Are the Humanities? {{!}} BestColleges |url=https://www.bestcolleges.com/blog/what-is-humanities/ |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=www.bestcolleges.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ilimi, Injiniya da [[Fasaha|Fasahar]]. Jami'ar Abokin Hulɗa ne na Sayen Jama'a mai dorewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University Otuoke {{!}} One Planet Network |url=https://www.oneplanetnetwork.org/federal-university-otuoke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912184045/https://www.oneplanetnetwork.org/federal-university-otuoke |archive-date=2021-09-12 |website=www.oneplanetnetwork.org}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2020, an nada Farfesa Teddy Charles Adias Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2020-11-26 |title=FG appoints new VC for Otuoke university |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/fg-appoints-new-vc-for-otuoke-university/ |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> [https://library.fuotuoke.edu.ng/ Laburaren Jami'ar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925051929/https://library.fuotuoke.edu.ng/ |date=2023-09-25 }} da aka adana 2023-09-25 a karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Felicia Edu-uwem Etim, [https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/the-university-library/ Mai kula da Laburaren Jami'ar]'a, ya ƙunshi Laburaren Tsakiya, E-Library (Bruce Powell E-L Library), Laburaren Makarantar Sakandare, da Laburorin Faculty da suka bazu a fadin Faculty guda shida. == Matsayi a cikin cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya ɗaya == Jami'ar ita ce Abokin Hulɗa na Sayen Jama'a mai dorewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University Otuoke {{!}} One Planet Network |url=https://www.oneplanetnetwork.org/federal-university-otuoke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912184045/https://www.oneplanetnetwork.org/federal-university-otuoke |archive-date=2021-09-12 |website=www.oneplanetnetwork.org}}</ref> == Faculty da Sashen == tushe: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Courses Offered in Federal University Otuoke |url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/23/courses |access-date=2021-09-12 |website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ma'aikata !Sashen |- |'''Kimiyya ta Gudanarwa''' | * Lissafi * Gudanar da Kasuwanci * Bankin da Kudi * Kasuwanci * Tallace-tallace |- |'''Kimiyya ta Jama'a''' | * Tattalin Arziki da Nazarin Ci Gaban * [[Kimiyyar siyasa|Kimiyya ta Siyasa]] * [[Kimiyar al'umma|Ilimin zamantakewa]] da Anthropology[[Ilimin ɗan adam]] |- |'''Ilimi''' | * Ilimi na Kasuwanci * Ilimi da [[Lissafi]] * Ilimi da FisikaIlimin lissafi * Ilimi da ilmin sunadarai[[Kimiyya|Sanyen sunadarai]] * Ilimi da [[Tarihi]] |- |'''Injiniya''' | * Injiniyan sinadarai * Injiniyanci * Injiniyan lantarki / lantarki * Injiniyan inji * Injiniyan Mechatronics * Injiniyan [[Danyen mai|Man fetur]] da Gas |- |'''Kimiyya''' | * [[Biochemistry]] * [[Biology|Ilimin halittu]] * [[Kimiyya|Sanyen sunadarai]] * Kimiyya ta Kwamfuta da Ilimin Lantarki * [[Lissafi]] * Ilimin halittu * Ilimin lissafi * Kididdiga |- |'''Ilimin ɗan adam''' | * Nazarin Ingilishi da Sadarwa * Tarihi da Nazarin Dabarun |} == Cire dalibai da ke cikin jarrabawar jarrabawa == A ranar Alhamis, 28 ga Maris, 2019, FUOTUOKE ta kori dalibai 12 da ke da hannu a cikin addinin addini da rashin aiki na jarrabawa. A lokacin korar, biyar daga cikin dalibai sun kasance a matakin 200 yayin da sauran dalibai bakwai suka kasance a matakin 300.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2019 |title=FUOTUOKE Expels 12 Students over Exam Malpractice |url=https://allschool.com.ng/fuotuoke-rusticates-14-students-exam-malpractice/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628033709/https://allschool.com.ng/fuotuoke-rusticates-14-students-exam-malpractice/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lucky |first=Ajidoku |date=2019-04-03 |title=FUOtuoke Expels 12 Students Over Examination Malpractice |url=https://nigerianscholars.com/school-news/fuotuoke-expels-students/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Nigerian Scholars |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Details Of Expelled Students {{!}} Federal University Otuoke |url=https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/details-expelled-students |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930183205/https://fuotuoke.edu.ng/details-expelled-students |archive-date=2020-09-30 |website=fuotuoke.edu.ng}}</ref> Har ila yau, a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, an kori dalibai ashirin da tara saboda zargin da suke yi a cikin addinin addini da rashin aiki na jarrabawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-06 |title=Otuoke University expels 29 students over cultism, exam malpractice |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/otuoke-university-expels-29-students-over-cultism-exam-malpractice/ |access-date=2022-03-23 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Laburaren karatu == Gidajen karatu na kwaleji da Bruce Powell E-Library na iya ɗaukar mutane 1,500 a cikin kujeru. Babban ɗakin karatu wanda shine Babban ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar an buɗe shi ne a lokacin da aka kafa Jami'ar Tarayya Otuoke a cikin 2012 ta hanyar dokar Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya. Cibiyar Laburaren Tsakiya ita ce cibiyar ayyukan ɗakin karatu inda Ayyukan Fasaha (Samun, Cataloging da Rarraba), Gidajen Karatu - Fasaha, Humanities da Kimiyya ta Jama'a; Kimiyya da Fasaha; Tallafawa da Tallafa, Takaddun shaida da Rubuce-rubuce, da Jami'a da Takaddun Gwamnati suke. Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar da ɗakin karatu suna cikin ginin. Laburaren lantarki yana cikin ginin Bruce Powell. KOHA, eGranary E-resource, da Information Literacy Laboratory suna cikin wannan wurin. Yana da tashoshin aiki tare da samun dama ga bayanan bayanai daban-daban (duka biyan kuɗi da buɗewa). Mutum na iya samun damar budewa da bayanan da aka yi rajista. Cibiyar Nazarin Jami'ar Tarayya ta Otuoke tana amfani da Cibiyar Bayanai ta Haɗe-haɗe kuma an haɗa ta da Cibiyar Nazari ta Tsakiya, Bruce Powell e-Library, da duk ɗakunan karatu na kwaleji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Daniel |first=James O |date=2004-03-15 |title=Virtual Library for Nigerian Libraries |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jnla.v36i2.26568 |journal=Nigerian Libraries |volume=36 |issue=2 |doi=10.4314/jnla.v36i2.26568 |issn=0029-0122}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == qjltkp2xyt3mazh20jtkdq2kdz2nf8i 0 79220 547915 541483 2024-11-28T22:02:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jami'ar Covenant University''' ''' (CU) ''' jami'ar kirista ce mai zaman kanta a [[Ota, Ogun|Ota]], dake jihar Ogun, Najeriya . <ref name="ranking3">{{Cite web |last=Apata |first=Oyeniran |date=November 29, 2017 |title=Covenant Leads In Computer Science, Engineering, Others In Nigeria |url=https://independent.ng/covenant-leads-computer-science-engineering-others-nigeria/ |access-date=2017-12-14 |website=[[The Daily Independent (Lagos newspaper)]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 Private Universities In Nigeria |url=https://www.ranksng.com/top-10-private-universities-nigeria/ |access-date=2018-01-04 |website=Rankings Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wahab |first=Akinbayo |date=January 14, 2018 |title=CU emerges Africa's third best in Computer Science Publication |url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/covenant-university-is-africas-3rd-best-in-computer-science-id7843681.html |access-date=2018-01-16 |website=Pulse |archive-date=2018-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117014902/http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/covenant-university-is-africas-3rd-best-in-computer-science-id7843681.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yana da alaƙa da Ikilisiyar Bangaskiya ta Duniya kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Commonwealth, Ƙungiyar Jamiʼo'in Afirka, da Hukumar Jami'oʼi ta Kasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Members – AAU |url=https://www.aau.org/subs/membership/}}</ref><ref>[http://sundaytrust.com.ng/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9477:covenant-university-partners-usaid-on-health-leadership-skills&catid=41:latest-news&Itemid=26 Covenant University partners USAID on health, leadership skills]</ref> A cikin 2019, Jami'ar Alkawari ta zama jami'ar Najeriya ta farko da za a sanya ta a cikin manyan jami'o'i na duniya ta hanyar Times Higher Education . <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2019 |title=Covenant University remains best as three Nigerian varsities make top 1000 |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/covenant-university-remains-best-as-three-nigerian-varsities-make-top-1000/ |access-date=2020-10-21 |website=The Cable}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Covenant Takes Big Leap in World University Rankings, Ranks 401-500 |url=https://www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Takes-Big-Leap-in-World-University-Rankings-Ranks-401-500#.X5BYc53ngxQ |access-date=2020-10-21 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=2021-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202004942/https://www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Takes-Big-Leap-in-World-University-Rankings-Ranks-401-500#.X5BYc53ngxQ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Fayil:Covenant_University_Campus_View.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar jami'a]] == Tarihi da shugabanci == Shirin kafa Jami'ar Alkawari (CU) ya fara ne a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1999, wata daya bayan keɓewar Alkawari na Bangaskiya a [[Ota, Ogun|Ota]]. Jami'ar ta samo asali ne daga Hukumar 'Yanci kuma Hukumar Jakadancin Duniya da Ikilisiyar Addini ta Duniya ne suka kafa ta. Jami'ar Alkawari ta buɗe a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 2002 <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Covenant University FACTSHEET |url=http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/download/36924/252939/file/covenant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126074956/http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:luL8g5PO4zEJ:m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/download/36924/252939/file/covenant%2Buniversity%2Bfact%2Bcard%2B2015.pdf+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ng |archive-date=January 26, 2021 |website=Covenant University}}</ref> a Kan'ana, Ota, tare da aikin Kirista na Pentecostal. David Oyedepo ne ya kafa shi, shugaban Bishop na Living Faith Church Worldwide, wanda shine shugaban jami'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-15 |title=Living Faith Church Odedepo react video Urging members to kill |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/01/living-faith-church-oyedepo-react-video-urging-members-kill/ |website=www.vanguardngr.com |publisher=Vanguard}}</ref> Fasto Abraham Ojeme an nada shi shugaban jami'ar a ranar 23 ga Satumba, shekarar 2013 . == Shirye-shiryen ilimi da wasanni == [[Fayil:CZkewNoWAAAWGs6.jpg|thumb|Gidajen mazauna]] Shirye-shiryen ilimi na Jami'ar Alkawari suna gudana a kwalejoji huɗu: Kwalejin Gudanarwa da Kimiyya ta Jama'a (CMSS), <ref>{{Cite web |title=College of Business and Social Sciences |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CMSS#.XtBNtjBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803174532/https://www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CMSS#.XtBNtjBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwalejin Nazarin Ci gaban Jagora (CLDS), <ref>{{Cite web |date=2002 |title=College of Leadership Development Studies |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CLDS#.XtBM2TBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610185202/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CLDS#.XtBM2TBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwalejin Injiniya (COE) <ref>{{Cite web |title=College of Engineering |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/COE#.XtBQbDBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610144952/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/COE#.XtBQbDBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> da Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha (CST).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=College of Science and Technology |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CST#.XtBOKTBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610123459/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/CST#.XtBOKTBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jami'ar Alkawari tana gudanar da shirye-shiryen digiri na biyu a cikin dukkan tsarin karatun da aka jera a sama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=School of Postgraduate Studies |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/PGS#.XtBPKzBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=June 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610170322/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Colleges/PGS#.XtBPKzBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jami'ar ta mallaki filin wasa tare da tafkin yin iyo da wasan tennis, wasan tennis na tebur, wasan kwando da kotunan volleyball. Jami'ar Alkawari tana ɗaya daga cikin jami'o'in da ke da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Jami'ar Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NPUGA: About us |url=http://npuga.org/about_us.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117012217/http://npuga.org/about_us.php |archive-date=2018-01-17 |access-date=2018-01-16 |website=npuga.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=NPUGA Names Covenant Private Varsity with Best Sports Facilities |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/NPUGA-Names-Covenant-Private-Varsity-with-Best-Sports-Facilities#.XtBR4jBKjDc |website=Covenant University |access-date=2024-06-09 |archive-date=2018-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902111106/http://www.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/NPUGA-Names-Covenant-Private-Varsity-with-Best-Sports-Facilities#.XtBR4jBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Fayil:Post_Graduate_Halls..jpg|thumb|Gidajen zama na digiri na biyu]] [[Fayil:Covenant_University_Halls_of_residence.jpg|alt=Two of CU's ten halls|thumb|Gidajen mata na zama.]] == Laburaren Jami'ar (Center for Learning Resources) == Cibiyar Nazarin Jami'ar Alkawari, wanda aka fi sani da ɗakin karatu na jami'a, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Centre for Learning Resources (CLR) |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Library |access-date=2024-06-09 |archive-date=2021-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412070724/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Library |url-status=dead }}</ref> tana tsakanin dakunan zama na mata, Dorcas Hall da Esther Hall na harabar, kuma kai tsaye a gaban ɗakin sujada na jami'ar. Jimlar filin bene na hadaddun shine 11,300 m{{Sup|2}}. {{Spaces}}Gidan ɗakin karatu gini ne mai hawa uku, wanda ake zaton yana daya daga cikin mafi girma a Afirka.[1] An tsara shi azaman tsarin gilashi. Tana cikin gine-ginen kwaleji, ɗakin sujada na jami'a da dakunan zama.[1] Yana iya saukar da masu karatu 3000 da kimanin ma'aikatan bincike 500 da daliban digiri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preamble |url=https://clrmain.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/preamble/ |access-date=2020-02-07 |website=Centre for Learning Resources |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207000805/https://clrmain.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/preamble/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Yusuf |first=Felicia |last2=Iwu |first2=Juliana I |date=2010 |title=Use of Academic Library: A Case Study of Covenant University, Nigeria. |url=http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl30YI.pdf |journal=Chinese Librarianship: An International Electronic Journal}}</ref> === Buga bugawa === A watan Janairun shekara ta 2011, Jami'ar Alkawari ta karɓi manufofin da suka ba da umarnin duk littattafan da aka ambata a cikin mujallu, taro da littattafai da za a ajiye su a cikin ajiyar buɗewa ta jami'ar. Wannan ya shafi malamai da ɗaliban digiri na biyu. == Makarantar sakandare == An kafa Makarantar Sakandare ta Jami'ar Alkawari a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 2010, don kula da matasa a cikin yanayin jami'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 2017 |title=Youth group holds summit on exceptional leadership |url=https://guardian.ng/appointments/youth-group-holds-summit-on-exceptional-leadership/ |website=Guardian |access-date=June 9, 2024 |archive-date=November 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121224028/https://guardian.ng/appointments/youth-group-holds-summit-on-exceptional-leadership/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Shahararrun ɗalibai == * [[Baaj Adebule]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, samfurin kuma mai yin fim * [[Teniola Aladese]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, furodusa, da kuma darektan jefawa <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogidan |first=Kore |date=2018-12-23 |title=I've a beautiful car but driving scares me to death– Teni Aladese |url=https://punchng.com/ive-a-beautiful-car-but-driving-scares-me-to-death-teni-aladese/ |website=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> * [[Dolapo Adeleke|Dolapo 'LowlaDee' Adeleke]], mai shirya fina-finai <ref name="bellanaija">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=August 20, 2015 |title=8 Years After an Accident that Left Her with Permanent Facial Scars, Filmmaker LowlaDee Tells Her Inspiring Story |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/8-years-after-an-accident-that-left-her-with-permanent-facial-scars-filmmaker-lowladee-tells-her-inspiring-story/ |website=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> * [[Bimbo Ademoye]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo <ref name="Nigeria 2022">{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Guardian |date=2022-10-01 |title=Bimbo Ademoye: I'm not a comedian, I'm just funny |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bimbo-ademoye-im-not-a-comedian-im-just-funny/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |archive-date=2023-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601145528/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bimbo-ademoye-im-not-a-comedian-im-just-funny/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Anthonia Adenike Adeniji]], mataimakin farfesa na alakar masana'antu da kuma kula da albarkatun ɗan adam[[Albarkatun dan'adam|Gudanar da albarkatun ɗan adam]] * Ayo Akínwándé, mai zane, mai tsarawa kuma marubuci <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-18 |title=Ayọ̀ Akínwándé |url=https://www.tique.art/artists/ayo-akinwande/ |access-date=2021-08-10 |website=Tique {{!}} publication on contemporary art |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Page |url=https://www.thegallowgate.art/kobionyameversus |access-date=2021-08-10 |website=The Gallow Gate |language=en-US}}</ref> * Nonso Amadi, mawaƙi, marubucin waƙa kuma furodusa <ref name="Nonso Amadi 2023">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-06 |title=About |url=https://www.nonsoamadi.com/about/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Nonso Amadi}}</ref> * [[Ayola Ayola|Ayoola Ayolola]], mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 17, 2014 |title=Project Fame Winner, Ayoola: 'I wouldn't have been where I am today without Covenant University. |url=https://www.informationng.com/2014/04/project-fame-winner-ayoola-i-wouldnt-have-been-where-i-am-today-without-covenant-university.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Channel |title=Ayobami Ayoola Ayolola, Actor (Nollywood), Speaker, Singer and 5th Winner of the Project Fame West Africa. |url=https://iono.fm/e/711375 |via=iono.fm}}</ref> * [[Ife Durosinmi-Etti]], babban jami'in kasuwanci kuma marubuci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2021 |title=Ifedayo Durosinmi-Etti: Self-doubt is the biggest quencher of creativity |url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/ifedayo-durosinmi-etti-self-doubt-is-the-biggest-quencher-of-creativity/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=8 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208173518/https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/ifedayo-durosinmi-etti-self-doubt-is-the-biggest-quencher-of-creativity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Ishaya Bako]], darektan fim kuma marubucin allo <ref>{{Cite web |title=Two filmmakers and a poet for AWF July Guest Writer Session |url=http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/news/item/17461-two-filmmakers-and-a-poet-for-awf-july-guest-writer-session.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194058/http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/news/item/17461-two-filmmakers-and-a-poet-for-awf-july-guest-writer-session.html |archive-date=2014-01-02 |access-date=2014-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-05-18 |title=Interview With Ishaya Bako – AMAA Film Award Winner |url=http://www.ventures-africa.com/2012/05/interview-with-ishaya-bako-amaa-film-award-winner/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109110929/http://www.ventures-africa.com/2012/05/interview-with-ishaya-bako-amaa-film-award-winner/ |archive-date=2015-01-09 |access-date=2014-08-02 |publisher=Ventures Africa}}</ref> * Nonso Bassey, mawaƙi, marubucin waƙa, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2016 |title=Eagles On A Mission; Beacon Set 5 Years Anniversary – #CFSlocal in Nigeria |url=https://changeforsociety.com/eagles-on-mission-beacon-set-5-years-anniversary-covenant-university-alumni/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031231659/https://changeforsociety.com/eagles-on-mission-beacon-set-5-years-anniversary-covenant-university-alumni/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=Change for Society}}</ref> * Bez, mai kida da yawa kuma mawaƙi <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2012 |title=BN Saturday Celebrity Interview: It's Show Time! Soul Singer, Bez dishes on Love, Fame & Music as he Counts Down to His "Super Sun Concert" |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/01/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-its-show-time-soul-singer-bez-dishes-on-love-fame-music-as-he-counts-down-to-his-super-sun-concert// |access-date=2014-08-02 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=I wait to be inspired by music -Bez |url=http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/2012-10-22-10-18-34/item/13732-i-wait-to-be-inspired-by-music-bez.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194104/http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/2012-10-22-10-18-34/item/13732-i-wait-to-be-inspired-by-music-bez.html |archive-date=2014-01-02 |access-date=2014-01-01}}</ref> * Chike, mawaƙi * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da kuma salon salon * [[Odunayo Eweniyi]], shugaban kasuwanci * Gbubemi Fregene, shugaban * Ric Hassani, mawaƙi * [[Chiamaka Obuekwe]], 'yar kasuwa kuma mai tallata yawon bude ido * [[Adebukola Oladipupo]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo<ref name="onwikitoday">{{Cite web |date=2019-10-24 |title=Adebukola Oladipupo |url=https://live.worldbank.org/experts/adebukola-oladipupo |access-date=2020-02-09 |website=World Bank Live |language=en}}</ref> * Gloria Oloruntobi, mai wasan kwaikwayo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2018-10-06 |title=20 Top Instagram Comedians Making Waves Online |url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/20-top-instagram-comedians-making-waves-online/ |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=10 Nigerian comedians who became popular on Instagram - P.M. News |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/11/10-nigerian-comedians-who-became-popular-on-instagram/ |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=www.pmnewsnigeria.com}}</ref> * Mimi Onalaja, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mai gabatarwa, marubuci da kuma samfurin * [[Anny Robert]], mai daukar hoto<ref name="Nigeria 2019">{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Guardian |date=2019-10-28 |title=Covenant university student wins architecture competition |url=https://guardian.ng/property/covenant-university-student-wins-architecture-competition/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |archive-date=2023-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601211304/https://guardian.ng/property/covenant-university-student-wins-architecture-competition/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Emmanuel Iren, mai wa'azi da marubucin waƙoƙin bishara. * [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], mawaƙi da injiniyan sauti * Spellz, mai samar da kiɗa (ya fita a cikin shekara ta ƙarshe) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spellz |url=http://notjustok.com/artists/spellz/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427023638/http://notjustok.com/artists/spellz/ |archive-date=2016-04-27 |access-date=2017-06-25 |website=[[NotJustOk]]}}</ref> * Aiwanose Odafen (Mai lissafi da marubuci) == Shahararrun malamai == * [[Anthonia Adenike Adeniji]], mataimakin farfesa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Anthonia Adenike Adeniji |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Profiles/Adeniji-Anthonia-Adenike#.XtFBGDpKiCp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124175108/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/Profiles/Adeniji-Anthonia-Adenike#.XtFBGDpKiCp |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=29 May 2020 |website=Covenant University}}</ref> na alaƙar masana'antu da kuma kula da albarkatun ɗan adam[[Albarkatun dan'adam|alaƙar masana'antu da kula da albarkatun ɗan adam]] * Farfesa Eric Maskin, mai karɓar kyautar Nobel ta 2007 (farfesa mai ziyara) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel laureate joins Covenant varsity |url=http://newtelegraphonline.com/nobel-laureate-joins-covenant-varsity/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811055122/http://newtelegraphonline.com/nobel-laureate-joins-covenant-varsity |archive-date=11 August 2014 |access-date=12 August 2014 |publisher=newtelegraphonline.com}}</ref> * Farfesa Ezekiel Adebiyi, farfesa na farko na Bioinformatics a Yammacin Afirka; Mataimakin shugaban kasa (2007-2011) da kuma sakatare (2011-date) na African Society for Bioinformates and Computational Biology <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-06 |title=Covenant varsity don discovers way to eradicate malaria |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/04/covenant-varsity-don-discovers-way-to-eradicate-malaria/ |access-date=12 August 2014 |publisher=vanguardngr.com}}</ref> * Farfesa [[Emmanuel Ndubisi Maduagwu|Emmanuel Maduagwu]], farfesa a fannin ilmin sunadarai kuma ɗan'uwan [[Makarantar Kimiyya ta Najeriya|Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya]] da Royal Society of Chemistry. * Farfesa [[Taiwo Abioye]], tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban kasaMataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa * Farfesa [[Creating Ekundayo Adeyinka Adeyemi|Ekundayo Adeyinka Adeyemi]], farfesa na farko na gine-gine a Najeriya da Afirka ta Kudu <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adelaja |first=Bose |date=March 22, 2012 |title=Where are the Ekiti professors? |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/03/where-are-the-ekiti-professors/ |access-date=2017-11-29 |website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]}}</ref> * Farfesa Kayode Soremekun, tsohon Dean, Kwalejin Nazarin Ci Gaban.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soremekun: Life of a Legend |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/05/17/soremekun-life-of-a-legend/}}</ref> * Farfesa Samuel Ibiyemi, tsohon Dean, Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha. * Farfesa Sheriff Folarin, tsohon farfesa na Harkokin Kasashen Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oluwasanmi |first=Dupe |date=29 January 2024 |title=Sheriff Folarin: Life of a genius |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/sheriff-folarin-life-of-a-genius/ |access-date=3 February 2024 |website=The Nation}}</ref> == Mataimakin Shugabannin == * Farfesa [[Bola Ayeni]] (Mayu 2002 - Satumba 2004) <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2012 |title=Covenant University Honours Professors Ayeni, Obayan |url=http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-Honours-Professors-Ayeni-Obayan#.VyjS1oQrLIU |access-date=3 May 2016 |publisher=Covenant University |archive-date=2 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602134122/http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-Honours-Professors-Ayeni-Obayan#.VyjS1oQrLIU |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Dokta [[Jonathan Aremu]] (2005) (Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Covenant University appoints Dr. Jonathan Aremu Professor of International Economic Relations |url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-appoints-Dr.-Jonathan-Aremu-Professor-of-International-Economic-Relations#.WYRV6oTyvIU |access-date=2017-08-04 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=2017-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806023229/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-appoints-Dr.-Jonathan-Aremu-Professor-of-International-Economic-Relations#.WYRV6oTyvIU |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Farfesa [[Aize Obayan]] (Fabrairu 2005 - Oktoba 31, 2012) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Covenant University gets New Vice-Chancellor / News / Home - Covenant University |url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-gets-New-Vice-Chancellor#.VSl8h_nF-b5 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205223917/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-gets-New-Vice-Chancellor#.VSl8h_nF-b5 |archive-date=2017-12-05 |access-date=2015-04-11}}</ref> * Farfesa [[Charles Ayo]] (1 ga Nuwamba, 2012 - Yuli 2016) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Atayero Succeeds Ayo as Covenant University Vice-Chancellor |url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Atayero-Succeeds-Ayo-as-Covenant-University-Vice-Chancellor#.V41cX_krLIU |access-date=19 July 2016 |publisher=covenantuniversity.edu.ng |archive-date=20 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720184802/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Atayero-Succeeds-Ayo-as-Covenant-University-Vice-Chancellor#.V41cX_krLIU |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Covenant University Appoints New Vice Chancellor, DVCS |url=https://www.dailyschoolnews.com.ng/covenant-university-appoints-new-vice-chancellor-dvcs/ |access-date=2024-06-09 |archive-date=2023-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122224415/https://www.dailyschoolnews.com.ng/covenant-university-appoints-new-vice-chancellor-dvcs/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Farfesa AAA Atayero (Yuli 15, 2016 - Satumba 22, 2020) <ref>{{Cite web |title=CU Unveils Professor A.A.A. Atayero as New Vice-Chancellor |url=http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/view/full/22789/(all)/1#.V4tU2fkrLIU |access-date=17 July 2016 |publisher=covenantuniversity.edu.ng |archive-date=15 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815220518/http://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/content/view/full/22789/(all)/1#.V4tU2fkrLIU |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-07-19 |title=Institution gets new VC |url=http://www.pulse.ng/student/covenant-university-institution-gets-new-vc-id5281854.html |access-date=2024-06-09 |archive-date=2017-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806021115/http://www.pulse.ng/student/covenant-university-institution-gets-new-vc-id5281854.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Farfesa Akan Williams (22 ga Satumba, 2020 - 10 ga Nuwamba, 2020) (Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-24 |title=Covenant University appoints Prof Williams Acting VC |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/covenant-university-appoints-prof-williams-acting-vc/ |access-date=2020-10-13 |website=Vanguard}}</ref> * Farfesa Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo (10 ga Nuwamba, 2020 - Yanzu) <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2020 |title=Covenant Appoints Professor Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo seventh Vice- Chancellor |url=http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Appoints-Professor-Abiodun-Humphrey-Adebayo-7th-Vice-Chancellor#.YH8GMOhKiCp |website=Covenant University |access-date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=22 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422184040/http://m.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Appoints-Professor-Abiodun-Humphrey-Adebayo-7th-Vice-Chancellor#.YH8GMOhKiCp |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan da nasarorin da aka samu == {{Gyara Fassara}} * Covenant University is a leading private institution in Nigeria based on number of prospective students/applicants that seeks to get admitted;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Iruonagbe |first=Charles |last2=Imhonopi |first2=D |last3=Egharevba |first3=Matthew Etinosa |date=2015 |title=Higher Education in Nigeria and the Emergence of Private Universities |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273699592 |journal=International Journal of Education and Research |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=49–64}}</ref> Its admission requirements, cited scholarly journals and annual rankings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2006 |title=1stConvocation CeremonySpecial Lecturesand Speeches |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/129903467.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121224028/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/129903467.pdf |archive-date=November 21, 2023 |access-date=2020-05-29 |website=core.ac.uk |publisher=Covenant University}}</ref><ref name="ranking1">{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2017 |title=NUC 2017 Ranking: UI Best In Nigeria; LASU Best State University; Covenant Best Private University + Full List Of Ranking |url=http://www.thegazellenews.com/2017/01/30/nuc-2017-ranking-ui-best-nigeria-lasu-best-state-university-covenant-best-private-university-full-list-ranking/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=thegazellenews.com |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113112803/http://www.thegazellenews.com/2017/01/30/nuc-2017-ranking-ui-best-nigeria-lasu-best-state-university-covenant-best-private-university-full-list-ranking/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ranking2">{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2017 |title=EDUCATIONJAMB: UNILORIN, LASU, Covenant Universities top applicants' choice in 2017 [Full list] |url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/08/30/jamb-unilorin-lasu-covenant-universities-top-applicants-choice-2017-full-list/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Dailypost}}</ref> * On September 26, 2018, it became the highest ranked Nigerian university<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-20 |title=Covenant University |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/covenant-university |access-date=2018-12-11 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en}}</ref> in the world universities ranking of the Times Higher Education (THE). * Covenant was also recently selected<ref>{{Cite web |title=Covenant Tops List of 10 Africa Centres of Excellence in Nigeria / News / Home - Covenant University |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Tops-List-of-10-Africa-Centres-of-Excellence-in-Nigeria#.XA-m1Sco_RY |access-date=2018-12-11 |website=covenantuniversity.edu.ng }}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> as one of the Africa Centres of Excellence for Development Impact (ACE Impact). * Earlier in November, 2018, Covenant entered the Subject Rankings of the Times Higher Education (THE) for the first time in the Business and Economics subject category ranking 501+ globally.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/12182/1/THEWUR2019-Engrg-Tech-Covenant%20p85.pdf |access-date=2018-12-11 |website=eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng}}</ref> Furthermore, in the recently released Engineering subject ranking, Covenant emerged in the 501-600 category.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/12182/1/THEWUR2019-Engrg-Tech-Covenant%20p85.pdf |access-date=2018-12-11 |website=eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng}}</ref> * In January 2015, it was ranked as the best university in [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] according to Webometrics.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2014 |title=Latest Webometrics Ranking of Nigerian Universities, OAU Tops |url=http://www.ngscholars.com/2014/08/latest-webometrics-ranking-of-nigerian-universities-oau-tops/ |access-date=10 August 2014 |publisher=ngscholars.com |archive-date=4 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104190214/http://www.ngscholars.com/2014/08/latest-webometrics-ranking-of-nigerian-universities-oau-tops/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kukogho Iruesiri |first=Samson |date=February 16, 2015 |title=Oyedepo's Covenant University named best in Nigeria, 15th in Africa ...beats UNILORIN, OAU, others |url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/webometrics-ranking-oyedepos-covenant-university-named-best-in-nigeria-15th-in-africa-beats-unilorin-oau-others-id3487325.html |access-date=2017-11-17 |website=Pulse |archive-date=2017-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110132706/http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/webometrics-ranking-oyedepos-covenant-university-named-best-in-nigeria-15th-in-africa-beats-unilorin-oau-others-id3487325.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A publication by [[Vanguard (Nijeriya)|Vanguard]], that segregated universities in Nigeria into Grade A, B, etc. based on [[Hukumar shirya jarabawar shiga makarantun gaba da sakandire ( JAMB)|JAMB]] score ceiling; categorized Covenant University as a "Grade A" university.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2017 |title=Grade 'A' university cut-off marks: OAU, UNN 41 others lead with 180-200 – Investigations |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/09/grade-university-cut-off-marks-oau-unn-41-others-lead-180-200-investigations/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Vanguard}}</ref> * The [[Hukumar Kula da Jami’o’i ta Kasa (NUC)|National Universities Commission]] in 2016, listed Covenant University as the best private school in Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Idegu |first=Yusufu |date=January 14, 2016 |title=NUC ranks UNIJOS second best |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/nuc-ranks-unijos-2nd-best/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=[[The Nation]]}}</ref> In 2017, the university retained its position as Nigeria's best private institution according to the same government agency.<ref name="ranking1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Covenant University wins best private university 2017 |url=http://www.nigeriatoday.ng/2017/08/covenant-university-wins-best-private-university-2017-award/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113112844/http://www.nigeriatoday.ng/2017/08/covenant-university-wins-best-private-university-2017-award/ |archive-date=2017-11-13 |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Nigeria Today}}</ref> * Again, in August 2017, [[Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Legas|Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry]] awarded Covenant University with the best private university in Nigeria award.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2017 |title=Lagos oldest serving teacher, principal bag awards |url=http://punchng.com/lagos-oldest-serving-teacher-principal-bag-awards/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> These feat was also reported in 2013<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-20 |title=Top 50 Universities in Nigeria 2013- Ranking Published by National University Commission (NUC) |url=http://www.informationng.com/2013/04/top-50-universities-in-nigeria-2013-ranking-published-by-national-university-commission-nuc.html |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Information Nigeria}}</ref> and 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-22 |title=Covenant University emerges best private university |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/01/covenant-varsity-emerges-2013-best-private-varsity-nigeria/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Vanguard}}</ref> * 2013 & 2014: Best Private University in Nigeria <ref name=":2"/> * 2014: Best Vice Chancellor of Private University in Nigeria.<ref name=":2" /> * 2014: The Centenary ICT Driven University of the Year.<ref name=":2" /> * 2014: The Best Private University in Nigeria <ref name=":2" /> * Covenant University has been statistically rated as the most preferred private university in Nigeria among university seekers since the public availability of [[Hukumar shirya jarabawar shiga makarantun gaba da sakandire ( JAMB)|Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board]] data in 2014. It was the most sought-after private school in 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-06 |title=Official JAMB Statistics of university candidates |url=https://students.com.ng/official-jamb-statistics-of-university-candidates-with-200-scores/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=school.com.ng |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113061730/https://students.com.ng/official-jamb-statistics-of-university-candidates-with-200-scores/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=JAMB UTME 2014 Registration Statistics with List of Universities |url=https://myschool.com.ng/school/news/24778/jamb-utme-2014-registration-statistics-with-list-of-universities.html |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=myschool.com.ng}}</ref> 2015,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Most Sought after universities in Nigeria |url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/most-sought-after-universities-in-nigeria/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=myschoolgist.com}}</ref> 2016<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oni |first=Olamide |date=2016-06-15 |title=Here is a list of the top ten most sought-after institutions in Nigeria |url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/best-university-here-is-a-list-of-the-top-ten-most-sought-after-institutions-in-nigeria-id5151026.html |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Pulse |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113061615/http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/best-university-here-is-a-list-of-the-top-ten-most-sought-after-institutions-in-nigeria-id5151026.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and 2017.<ref name="ranking2" /> * According to Elsevier, data from 2011 to 2015 show that Covenant University publications was rated number one in Wind power, Wind and turbine, Corrosion inhibitors, Carbon steel; and the second best in trade, Remittance, Effect and housing; Residential satisfaction, satisfaction among all universities worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Atueyi |first=Ujunwa |date=May 18, 2017 |title=Covenant tops in research endeavours among universities |url=https://guardian.ng/features/education/covenant-tops-in-research-endeavours-among-universities/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)]] |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113003652/https://guardian.ng/features/education/covenant-tops-in-research-endeavours-among-universities/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Another report by Daily Independent newspaper which analyzed Elsevier Scival metrics showed that publications in Computer Science, Engineering, Business Management and Accounting from Covenant University ranked tops in Nigeria.<ref name="ranking3"/> * In 2016, ''Africa Leadership Magazine'' listed Covenant University as one of the universities of excellence to be honoured in South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oni |first=Olamide |date=2016-03-17 |title=Varsities honoured in South Africa |url=http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/babcock-covenant-universities-varsities-honoured-in-south-africa-id4815543.html |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Pulse |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113004848/http://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/babcock-covenant-universities-varsities-honoured-in-south-africa-id4815543.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * At the Presidential Special Scholarship Scheme for Innovation and Development (PRESSID), which is an annual initiative by the [[Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya|Federal government of Nigeria]] to provide scholarship abroad to students that graduated with first class degrees from Nigerian universities, Covenant University had the highest number of students that scaled through the aptitude examination among all universities in Nigeria during the 2013, 2014 and 2015 academic sessions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 24, 2015 |title=Covenant University's first class graduates dominate scheme |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/covenant-universitys-first-class-graduates-dominate-scheme/ |access-date=2017-10-20 |website=[[The Nation]]}}</ref> * A 2017 collaborative study by Stutern, Jobberman and BudgIT reveal that graduates from Covenant University are the "most employable" in Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-04 |title=Top 20 Nigerian universities with most EMPLOYABLE graduates |url=https://www.naij.com/1102905-top-20-nigerian-universities-employable-graduates.html |access-date=2017-08-04 |website=Naij.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2017 |title=THERE IS WIDESPREAD UNDER-COMPENSATION OF NIGERIAN GRADUATES AT LOCAL COMPANIES |url=http://venturesafrica.com/widespread-under-compensation-of-nigerian-graduates/ |access-date=2017-08-04 |website=Ventures Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2017 |title=Why this private school produces the most employable graduates |url=http://www.pulse.ng/student/covenant-university-why-this-private-school-produces-the-most-employable-graduates-id6628633.html |access-date=2017-08-04 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2017-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805014918/http://www.pulse.ng/student/covenant-university-why-this-private-school-produces-the-most-employable-graduates-id6628633.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2017 |title=Covenant University makes Top 10 in Research |url=http://punchng.com/covenant-university-makes-top-10-list-in-research/ |access-date=2017-08-04 |website=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> The study was criticized by some stakeholders for not having a large sample size.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2017 |title=Expert sees bias in Stutern Report on Varsities that produce most employable graduates |url=http://businesshilights.com.ng/expert-sees-bias-in-stutern-report-on-varsities-that-produce-most-employable-graduates/ |access-date=2017-08-04}}</ref> * ''Techcabal'' rated Covenant University as having the best software developers in Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Popoola |first=Bolade |date=June 11, 2015 |title=Seven Top Nigerian Universities Where Nigerian Developers Come From |url=http://techcabal.com/2015/06/11/seven-top-nigerian-universities-where-nigerian-developers-come-from/ |access-date=2017-11-12 |website=Techcabal}}</ref> The school was also listed as having one of the best five postgraduate schools in Nigeria by ''Nigeria Bulletin''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 5 Universities In Nigeria For Postgraduate Studies |url=https://www.nigerianbulletin.com/threads/top-5-universities-in-nigeria-for-postgraduate-studies.109616/ |access-date=2024-06-09 |archive-date=2022-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518001543/https://nigerianbulletin.com/threads/top-5-universities-in-nigeria-for-postgraduate-studies.109616/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In January 2018, a Covenant University student, Ubani Peculiar Chinaemerem was awarded the best marketing student by the [https://nimn.com.ng/ National Institute of Marketing of Nigeria] among all students in Nigerian universities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-12 |title=Expert Tasks Marketing Practitioners, Students To Identify Core Competences |url=https://independent.ng/expert-tasks-marketing-practitioners-students-to-identify-core-competences/ |access-date=2018-02-06 |website=Independence Newspaper}}</ref> * In 2018, Covenant University won the Nigerian round of the CFA Institute Research Challenge, defeating the [[Jami'ar Lagos|University of Lagos]] and Obafemi Awolowo University to become Nigeria's first representative in the global competition.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-03 |title=Covenant University Wins Maiden CFA Institute Research Competition |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/covenant-university-wins-maiden-cfa-institute-research-competition/ |access-date=2018-02-06 |website=Eagle online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-04 |title=Covenant University to represent Nigeria at global CFA Institute Research competition |url=https://guardian.ng/news/covenant-university-to-represent-nigeria-at-global-cfa-institute-research-competition/ |access-date=2018-02-06 |website=Guardian.ng |archive-date=2018-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207010049/https://guardian.ng/news/covenant-university-to-represent-nigeria-at-global-cfa-institute-research-competition/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2018, [[Ma'aikatar Kimiyya, Fasaha da Ƙirƙira ta Tarayya|Federal Ministry of Science and Technology]] awarded the school first position in innovative technology among all universities in Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-09 |title=FG Urges Nigerians To Value, Use Made In Nigeria Products |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/fg-urges-nigerians-to-value-use-made-in-nigeria-products/ |access-date=2018-03-25 |website=Eagle Online}}</ref> The school was placed third in the 2017 edition.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-09 |title=Onu: Why We Organised 2017 Technology and Innovation Expo |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2017/04/09/onu-why-we-organised-2017-technology-and-innovation-expo/ |access-date=2018-03-25}}</ref> === Nasarorin kungiyar dalibai === * Alkawari ita ce Gasar Enactus ta Kasa ta 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Covenant Wins National Enactus Tourney, to Represent Nigeria at Global Event |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Wins-National-Enactus-Tourney-to-Represent-Nigeria-at-Global-Event#.XtBijzBKjDd |access-date=May 29, 2020 |archive-date=October 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025071518/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Wins-National-Enactus-Tourney-to-Represent-Nigeria-at-Global-Event#.XtBijzBKjDd |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Finally, Covenant University Wins Enactus National Competition |url=https://www.theavalondaily.com/blog/2019/7/12/finally-covenant-university-wins-enactus-national-competition |access-date=July 10, 2019 |website=The Avalon Daily }}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Covenant Enactus ya fito a matsayi na biyu a Gasar Kasa ta 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2018 |title=Covenant Enactus Promises to Win Coveted National Competition Gold |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Enactus-Promises-to-Win-Coveted-National-Competition-Gold#.XtBvbzBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=February 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202004942/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-Enactus-Promises-to-Win-Coveted-National-Competition-Gold#.XtBvbzBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> * A cikin 2017 ƙungiyar Enactus ta Jami'ar Alkawari ta fito ta biyu mafi kyau a duk ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Covenant University Enactus Team Emerges Second Best Nationwide |url=https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-Enactus-Team-Emerges-Second-Best-Nationwide#.XtBohDBKjDc |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=Covenant University |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204092122/https://covenantuniversity.edu.ng/News/Covenant-University-Enactus-Team-Emerges-Second-Best-Nationwide#.XtBohDBKjDc |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tattaunawa == Jami'ar ta sami zargi da yawa da karar shari'a dangane da ka'idojin halayenta masu tsauri.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-28 |title=Student Expelled from Covenant University for Watching Pornography drags School to Court |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/02/28/student-expelled-from-covenant-university-for-watching-pornography-drags-school-to-court/ |access-date=2014-08-02 |publisher=Bellanaija.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-12-29 |title=Covenant University expels 200 students for not attending Church service - Vanguard News |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/12/covenant-university-expels-200-students-for-not-attending-church-service/ |access-date=2014-08-02 |publisher=Vanguardngr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-17 |title=NANS condemns Covenant University for students' expulsion &#124; Premium Times Nigeria |url=http://premiumtimesng.com/news/115699-nans-condemns-covenant-university-for-students-expulsion.html |access-date=2014-08-02 |publisher=Premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> == Ƙarin karantawa == * {{Cite journal |last=Yusuf |first=Felicia |last2=Iwu |first2=Juliana I |date=2010 |title=Use of Academic Library: A Case Study of Covenant University, Nigeria. |url=http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl30YI.pdf |journal=Chinese Librarianship: An International Electronic Journal}} * {{Cite journal |last=Ifijeh |first=Goodluck |last2=Adebayo |first2=Promise |last3=Ilogho |first3=Julie |last4=Asaolu |first4=Aderonke |last5=Michael-Onuoha |first5=Happiness Chijioke |date=2016 |title=Nigerian university libraries and the question of marketing: reconciling the salient issues |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43010143.pdf |journal=Journal of Information and Knowledge Management |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=101–114}} *   * {{Cite journal |last=Olusegun |first=Okeniyi |last2=Okeniyi |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Atayero |first3=Aderemi |date=2015-09-18 |title=Programming Development of Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness-of-Fit Testing of Data Normality as a Microsoft Excel® Library Function |journal=Journal of Software & Systems Development |pages=1–15 |doi=10.5171/2015.238409 |issn=2166-0824 |doi-access=free}} *   == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{reflist|2}} rotnfu74zl3yv76vxyajrdh1nqsk4zl 0 79973 547938 455780 2024-11-28T22:14:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jami'ar KolaDaisi''' wacce aka fi sani da KDU, jami'a ce mai zaman kanta a [[Ibadan]], [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] . Cif KolaDaisi, CON, Bashorun na Ibadan ne ya kafa jami'ar a matsayin mai mallakarta. Yana da alaƙa da Gidauniyar KolaDaisi (KDF). Jami'ar KolaDaisi (KDU), bayan amincewar Majalisar Zartarwa ta Tarayya, [[Hukumar Kula da Jami’o’i ta Kasa (NUC)|Hukumar Jami'o'i ta Kasa]] ta ba da lasisi don aiki a matsayin jami'a mai zaman kanta a watan Nuwamba 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/about-us/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuition Fees for KolaDaisi University |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/fees-structure-for-all-students/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306162224/https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/fees-structure-for-all-students/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University Ibadan: PROGRAMMES |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/programmes/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |archive-date=2023-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001223051/https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/programmes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University Ibadan: ADMISSION |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/admission/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University Ibadan: PARTNERS |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/university-partners/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |archive-date=2023-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128201422/https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/university-partners/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University Ibadan: GALLERY |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/gallery/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KolaDaisi University Ibadan: CONVOCATION |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/convocation-ceremony/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |archive-date=2023-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329102228/https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/convocation-ceremony/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Darussan da Jami'ar KolaDaisi ke bayarwa == [[Jami'a|Jami'ar]] KolaDaisi (KDU) jami'a ce mai zaman kanta [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] da ke ba da shirye-shiryen digiri iri-iri, waɗanda suka haɗa da: <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fapohunda |first=Olusegun |date=2023-02-02 |title=Complete List of Courses Offered by KolaDaisi University (KDU) |url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/koladaisi-university-courses/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=MySchoolGist |language=en}}</ref> {{Columns-list|* Accounting * Banking and finance * Biochemistry * Biology * Business administration * Chemistry * Computer science * Computer security * Economics * English language * History and diplomatic studies * Industrial chemistry * Information technology * International relations * Law * Library and information science * Marketing * Mass communication * Mathematics * Microbiology * Physics * Political science * Software engineering * Statistics|colwidth=15em}} == Takardar shaidar darasi == Hukumar Jami'ar Kasa ta NUC ta ba da izini ga Jami'ar KolaDaisi don bayar da [[Ungozoma|jinya]], kimiyyar dakin gwaje-gwaje na likita da wasu darussan kimiyyar likita na asali. An aika wasikar amincewa ga Farfesa Adeniyi Olatunbosun [[Babban Lauyan Najeriya|SAN]], Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar KolaDaisi, a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2023, kuma Dokta N.B. Saliu, Darakta na Shirye-shiryen Ilimi ya sanya hannu. Mataimakin Shugaban, ya ce takardar shaidar tana da mahimmanci don nuna cewa Jami'ar KolaDaisi ta himmatu ga cimma burinta da hangen nesa. Ya nuna cewa bangaren koyar da Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya na asali suna da kayan aiki sosai kuma suna shirye.<ref>{{Cite web |last=University |first=Koladaisi |date=2023-06-29 |title=ACCRED NURSING |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/accred-nursing/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=Koladaisi University |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences |url=https://koladaisiuniversity.edu.ng/faculty-of-basic-medical-science/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=Koladaisi University |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bukatar shigarwa == Masu neman shiga Jami'ar KolaDaisi Ibadan ya kamata su zaɓi jami'ar a matsayin zaɓi na farko a cikin rajistar Jamb UTME kuma dole ne su ci sama da 140 kuma ya kamata su sami mafi ƙarancin ƙididdigar ƙididdigatattun ƙididdigas 5 a cikin takardar shaidar makarantar sakandare ta WAEC, NECO, da NABTEB, wanda aka samu a cikin zamanni biyu kuma dole ne ya haɗa da Turanci, Lissafi, da duk wani batutuwa mai dacewa. === Rage kudaden makaranta / tallafin karatu === Makarantar ta rage kudaden makaranta kuma tana ba da tallafin karatu ga ɗalibai a makarantar don sauƙaƙa ilimi ga ɗaliban da ba su iya biyan kuɗin ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-07 |title=KolaDaisi University reduces tuition fees |url=https://www.preps.ng/koladaisi-university-school-fees/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=PrepsNG Scholars |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119135137/https://www.preps.ng/koladaisi-university-school-fees/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Matsayi == Jami'ar KolaDaisi Jihar Ibadan Oyo tana cikin matsayi na 121 a Jami'ar Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-21 |title=Kola Daisi University [Ranking 2023 + Acceptance Rate] |url=https://edurank.org/uni/kola-daisi-university/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=EduRank.org - Discover university rankings by location |language=en}}</ref> == Naɗin shugaba == A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2021, makarantar ta sanar da nadin sabon shugaban majalisa na farko. An sanar da shi a taron budurwar makarantar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogunyemi |first=Ifedayo |date=2021-11-04 |title=KolaDaisi University set to appoint first chancellor at maiden convocation |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/koladaisi-university-set-to-appoint-first-chancellor-at-maiden-convocation/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == if9omozht1qj1p5y114d2m538s4pmo9 0 81733 547646 539690 2024-11-28T18:28:45Z Adamu ab 23827 Gyara 547646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Esther_Sunday_USA-NIG_U-20_Women_2010.jpg |thumb|Esther ]] [[Fayil:Esther Sundays 2. kick from the penalty mark USA-NIG U-20 Women 2010.jpg|thumb]] Ukpong Esther Sunday (An haife ta a ranar goma Sha uku 13 ga watan Maris na shekara ta alif 1992) ta kasance 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta [[Najeriya]], wacce ke buga wasa a [[OKS Stomil Olsztyn (women)|OKS Stomil Olsztyn,]] kuma tana bugawa tawagar ƙwallon ƙafar mata ta Najeriya. A matakin kulob kuma,Esther Sunday a baya ta buga wa Sunshine Queens da Pelican Stars a gasar zakarun mata ta Najeriya, da kuma [[FC Minsk (mata)|FC Minsk]] a Gasar Firimiya ta Belarus. == Ayyukan wasa == [[File:EstherSundayHairfashion.jpg |thumb|left|Esther Sunday]] === Kungiya === [[Fayil:EstherSunday_(3).JPG|thumb|Esther Sunday (hagu) tana kai hari kan Kireçburnu Spor a wasan waje na Trabzon İdmanocağı gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Turkiyya ta 2015-16. ]] [[Fayil:EstherSunday_(19).jpg|thumb|Esther Sunday (ja) tana wasa ga Konak Belediyespor da Beşiktaş J.K. a wasan waje na kakar 2017-18.]] Esther Sunday a baya ta buga wasa ga kungiyar Sunshine Queens da Pelican Stars, duka wasan biyu a gasar zakarun mata ta Najeriya, kafin ta shiga [[FC Minsk (mata)|FC Minsk]] na Gasar Firimiya ta Belarus. Yayin da take can, ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya uku a cikin tawagar lokacin da kulob din ya lashe gasar Firimiya, Kofin Mata na Belarus da Super Cup na Mata na Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup |access-date=29 June 2015 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2016, ta koma Turkiyya ta shiga Trabzon İdmanocağı. Ta bayyana a gasar Turkish Cosmetics 2016 na manyan kungiyoyi hudu a gasar, inda ta zira kwallaye a kan hanyar zuwa nasara tare da sabuwar tawagarta. A farkon rabin mata na farko na 2016-17, ta koma kulob din Konak Belediyespor da ke [[Izmir]]. Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Mata ta UEFA, kuma ta shiga cikin wasanni uku na Zagaye na cancanta na 2017-18. A watan Yulin shekarar 2018, Esther Sunday ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kulob din Ataşehir Belediyespor na [[Istanbul]] kafin shiga gasar zakarun 2017-18 a zagaye na cancantar gasar zakarar mata ta UEFA ta shekarar 2018-19. Ta taka leda a dukkan wasanni uku na zagaye na cancanta, kuma ta zira kwallo daya. A cikin kakar wasa ta farko ta shekarar 2019-20, ta koma tsohon kulob dinta na Konak Belediyespor . A watan Oktoba shekarar 2020, ta koma kungiyar ALG Spor da ke [[Gazianyep]]. ==Manazarta== [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] hb0zay51c1oe11d5zojd5kny0ghkxrt 0 81739 547648 468864 2024-11-28T18:29:34Z Adamu ab 23827 Saka sashe 547648 wikitext text/x-wiki   Ukpong Esther Sunday (An haife ta a ranar goma Sha uku 13 ga watan Maris na shekara ta alif 1992) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya, wacce ke buga wasa a [[OKS Stomil Olsztyn (women)|OKS Stomil Olsztyn,]] kuma tana bugawa tawagar ƙwallon ƙafar mata ta Najeriya. A matakin kulob kuma,Esther Sunday a baya ta buga wa Sunshine Queens da Pelican Stars a gasar zakarun mata ta Najeriya, da kuma [[FC Minsk (mata)|FC Minsk]] a Gasar Firimiya ta Belarus. == Ayyukan wasa == === Kungiya === [[Fayil:EstherSunday_(19).jpg|thumb|Esther Sunday (ja) tana wasa ga Konak Belediyespor da Beşiktaş J.K. a wasan waje na kakar 2017-18.]] Esther Sunday a baya ta buga wasa ga kungiyar Sunshine Queens da Pelican Stars, duka wasan biyu a gasar zakarun mata ta Najeriya, kafin ta shiga [[FC Minsk (mata)|FC Minsk]] na Gasar Firimiya ta Belarus. Yayin da take can, ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya uku a cikin tawagar lokacin da kulob din ya lashe gasar Firimiya, Kofin Mata na Belarus da Super Cup na Mata na Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian trio help FK Minsk win Belarus Women Super Cup |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4110/nigerians-abroad/2015/04/18/10879022/nigerian-trio-help-fk-minsk-win-belarus-women-super-cup |access-date=29 June 2015 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2016, ta koma Turkiyya ta shiga Trabzon İdmanocağı. Ta bayyana a gasar Turkish Cosmetics 2016 na manyan kungiyoyi hudu a gasar, inda ta zira kwallaye a kan hanyar zuwa nasara tare da sabuwar tawagarta. A farkon rabin mata na farko na 2016-17, ta koma kulob din Konak Belediyespor da ke [[Izmir]]. Ta fara buga gasar zakarun Mata ta UEFA, kuma ta shiga cikin wasanni uku na Zagaye na cancanta na 2017-18. A watan Yulin shekarar 2018, Esther Sunday ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kulob din Ataşehir Belediyespor na [[Istanbul]] kafin shiga gasar zakarun 2017-18 a zagaye na cancantar gasar zakarar mata ta UEFA ta shekarar 2018-19. Ta taka leda a dukkan wasanni uku na zagaye na cancanta, kuma ta zira kwallo daya. A cikin kakar wasa ta farko ta shekarar 2019-20, ta koma tsohon kulob dinta na Konak Belediyespor . A watan Oktoba shekarar 2020, ta koma kungiyar ALG Spor da ke [[Gazianyep]]. === Kasashen Duniya === Esther Sunday ta wakilci tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya a ƙananan matakai, kasancewar tana cikin tawagar gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA U-20 ta 2010 (ƙwallon Runners-Up) da kuma gasar cin kofen duniya ta mata na FIFA U-20 na 2012. A babban matakin ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasa na gasar zakarun mata ta Afirka a shekarar (2010), 2012) da 2014, inda ta lashe shi sau biyu a 2010 da 2014. Ta kuma kasance memba na tawagar da ta shiga Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2015, amma ba ta ci gaba da wuce matakin rukuni ba. == Kididdigar aiki == {{Updated|8 March 2020}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Yankin nahiyar ! colspan="2" |Kasar kasa ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="2" |Trabzon İdmanocağı |2015–16 |Ƙungiyar Farko |6 |8 | - | - | | |6 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !6 !8 !- !- ! ! !6 !8 |- | rowspan="3" |Konak Belediyespor |2016–17 |Ƙungiyar Farko |16 |13 | - | - | | |16 |13 |- |2017–18 |Ƙungiyar Farko |11 |7 |3 |0 |0 |0 |14 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !27 !20 !3 !0 !0 !0 !30 !20 |- | rowspan="2" |Ataşehir Belediyespor |2018–19 |Ƙungiyar Farko |7 |4 |3 |1 | | |10 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !7 !4 !3 !1 !0 !0 !10 !5 |- | rowspan="2" |Konak Belediyespor |2019–20 |Ƙungiyar Farko |15 |4 | - | - | | |15 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !15 !4 !- !- !0 !0 !15 !4 |} == Darajoji == === Kungiya === ; Gasar Firimiya ta Belarus :; FC Minsk :: ''Wadanda suka ci nasara'' (1): 2014 ; Kofin Mata na Belarus :; FC Minsk :: ''Wadanda suka ci nasara'' (1): [[2014 Belarusian Women's Cup|2014]] ; Super Cup na Mata na Belarus :; FC Minsk :: ''Wadanda suka ci nasara'' (1): 2015 ; Ƙungiyar Mata ta Farko ta Turkiyya :; Konak Belediyespor :: Masu cin nasara (1): 2016-172016–17 === Kasashen Duniya === ; Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka :; Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya :: Masu cin nasara (3): 2010, 2014, 2016 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{FIFA player|302104}} * {{UEFA player|250073666}} * {{Soccerway|uchechi-sunday/135307}} {{Navboxes|title=Nigeria squads|bg=#008751|fg=white|list1={{Nigeria squad 2010 African Women's Championship}} {{Nigeria squad 2012 African Women's Championship}} {{Nigeria squad 2014 African Women's Championship}} {{Nigeria squad 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup}} {{Nigeria squad 2016 Africa Women Cup of Nations}}}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] tpqjhxrwg0n1eb2msf2f9aen5fv9nui 0 83785 547607 518985 2024-11-28T17:27:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}[[Fayil:Ibn_Umayl_The_Silvery_Water.jpg|thumb|Ibn Umail ya bayyana wani mutum-mutumi na mai hikima yana riƙe da allon ilimin alchemical na dā. Hoton daga rubutun Muhammed ibn Umail al-Tamimi littafin ''Al-mâ' al-waraqî'' (Ruwa mai azurfa), ƙaramin Islama mai yiwuwa daga Baghdad, 608H/1211.]] '''alchemy a cikin duniyar Islama ta zamani''' tana nufin alchemy na gargajiya da [[Kimiyya|ilmin sunadarai]] na farko (bincike na farko na sinadarai game da yanayi gabaɗaya) ta malaman Musulmi a cikin [[Duniyar Musulunci]] ta zamani. Kalmar ''alchemy'' ta samo asali ne daga kalmar [[Larabci]] ك химиاء ko ''kīmiyāʾ'' kuma tana iya samo asali ne manipud kalmar tsohuwar Masar ''Lemik'', ma'ana baki. <ref name="anawati854">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Anawati|1996}}.</ref> Bayan faduwar Daular Romawa ta Yamma da cin nasarar Islama a Misira ta Roma, mayar da hankali ga ci gaban alchemical ya koma K[[Khalifofi|Halifa]] da wayewar Islama. == Ma'ana da dangantaka da kimiyyar yammacin zamani == A cikin la'akari da kimiyyar Islama a matsayin wani abu mai banbanci, na gida, yana da mahimmanci a bayyana kalmomi kamar "Larabci," "Islama," "alchemy," da "chemistry". Don samun kyakkyawar fahimta game da ra'ayoyin da aka tattauna a cikin wannan labarin, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci abin da waɗannan kalmomin ke nufi a tarihi. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen share duk wani kuskuren ra'ayi game da yiwuwar bambance-bambance tsakanin alchemy da ilmin sunadarai na farko a cikin mahallin zamanin da. Kamar yadda A. I. Sabra ya rubuta a cikin labarinsa mai taken, "Situating Arabic Science: Location versus Essence," "kalmar Larabci (ko Islama) kimiyya tana nuna ayyukan kimiyya na mutanen da suka zauna a yankin da kusan ya fadada lokaci daga karni na takwas AD zuwa farkon zamanin zamani, kuma a cikin ƙasa daga yankin Iberian da [[Arewacin Afirka]] zuwa kwarin [[Kogin Indus|Indus]] da kuma daga kudancin Arabiya zuwa [[Caspian Sea|Tekun Caspian]] - wato, yankin da aka rufe don yawancin waɗannan ayyukan wayewa da ake kira su ne a cikin harshen Yammacin Arabiya da kuma suna nunawa da yawa daga wannan lokacin da kuma suna bambancewar kimiyya, wanda ya bambanta da yawa daga asalin asalin asalin asalin, ko dai masana kimiyya, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wannan lokacin da yawa daga yankin da yawa daga masana kimiyya,<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sabra|1996}}.</ref> Lawrence Principe ya bayyana dangantakar da ke tsakanin alchemy da ilmin sunadarai a cikin labarinsa mai taken, "Alchemy Restored," inda ya ce, "Binciken canjin ƙarfe - abin da muke kira "alchemy" amma wanda aka fi sani da "Chrysopoeia" - an kalli shi a ƙarshen karni na goma sha bakwai a matsayin daidai da ko a matsayin ɓangaren ilmin sunada. " Saboda haka ya ba da shawarar cewa farkon rubutun ilmin sunidarai a matsayin "<ref name="Principe 2011, P. 306">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Principe|2011}}.</ref> Principe ya ci gaba da jayayya cewa, "[a]ll ayyukan su na sunadarai sun haɗa kai ta hanyar mayar da hankali kan bincike, kira, canji, da samar da abubuwa masu mahimmanci. " Saboda haka, babu wani bambanci tsakanin fannoni biyu har zuwa farkon karni na 18. <ref name="Principe 2011, P. 306" /> Kodayake tattaunawar Principe ta ta ta'allaka ne akan aikin Yammacin alchemy da ilmin sunadarai, ana tallafawa wannan gardamar a cikin mahallin kimiyyar Islama yayin la'akari da kamanceceniya a cikin hanyar da wahayi na Aristotelian, kamar yadda aka lura a wasu sassan wannan labarin. Wannan bambanci tsakanin alchemy da ilmin sunadarai na farko shine wanda ya fi dacewa da ma'anar, kodayake tare da fahimtar amfani da kalmomin da suka gabata, za mu iya fahimtar rashin ma'anar tarihi game da kalmomin duk da ma'anonin da suka canza a cikin mahallin zamani. Yaduwar wadannan kimiyyar a duk fadin Gabas da Yammacin Turai yana da mahimmanci don fahimta lokacin da za a rarrabe kimiyyar yankuna biyu. Farkon al'adu, addini, da rarraba bayanai na kimiyya tsakanin al'ummomin Yamma da Gabas ya fara ne tare da nasarar da Alexander the Great ya samu (334-323 BC). Ta hanyar kafa yankin a ko'ina cikin Gabas, Alexander the Great ya ba da damar sadarwa mafi girma tsakanin sassan biyu wanda zai ci gaba a cikin tarihi. Shekaru dubu bayan haka, waɗancan yankunan Asiya da Alexander the Great ya ci nasara, kamar [[Iraƙi|Iraki]] da [[Iran]], sun zama cibiyar ƙungiyoyin addini tare da mai da hankali kan [[Kiristanci]], Manicheism, da [[Zoroastra|Zoroastrianism]], waɗanda duk sun haɗa da matani masu tsarki a matsayin tushe, don haka suna ƙarfafa karatu da rubutu, ilimi, da yaduwar ra'ayoyi.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lindberg|2007}}.</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba aka haɗa tunanin Aristotle a cikin tsarin karatun cibiyar ilimi mafi girma a Nisibis, wanda ke gabashin iyakar Farisa, kuma an yi amfani da shi don inganta tattaunawar falsafa game da tauhidin da ke faruwa a lokacin.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lindberg|2007}}.</ref> [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]], littafi mai tsarki na Islama, ya zama muhimmiyar tushe na " tauhidin, ɗabi'a, doka, da ilimin sararin samaniya," a cikin abin da David C. Lindberg ya bayyana a matsayin "babban abu na ilimin Islama. " Bayan mutuwar Muhammadu a cikin 632, Islama ta fadada a duk faɗin tsibirin Larabawa, sassan Byzantium, Farisa, Siriya, Misira, da Falasdinu ta hanyar cin nasarar soja, ƙarfafa yankin a matsayin mafi yawan Musulmi.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lindberg|2007}}.</ref> Duk da yake fadada daular Islama muhimmiyar mahimmanci ce wajen rage shingen siyasa tsakanin irin waɗannan yankuna, har yanzu akwai addinai, imani, da falsafanci da za a iya motsawa da yardar rai kuma a fassara su a duk yankuna. Wannan ci gaban ya ba da damar ba da gudummawa a madadin Gabas zuwa ga tunanin Yammacin kimiyya kamar alchemy. Duk da yake wannan watsa bayanai da ayyuka ya ba da damar ci gaba da ci gaban filin, kuma kodayake duka biyun sun yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta hanyar tunanin Aristotelian da falsafancin Hellenic, da kuma bangarorin asiri yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa iyakokin al'adu da addini sun kasance.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|von Franz|2006}}.</ref> Abubuwan ban mamaki da na addini da aka tattauna a baya a cikin labarin sun bambanta alchemy na Islama daga na takwaransa na Yamma, saboda Yammacin yana da yawancin ra'ayoyin Kirista wanda za a kafa imanin su da sakamakon su, yayin da al'adar Islama ta bambanta sosai. Duk da yake dalilan sun bambanta a wasu hanyoyi, kamar yadda lissafin ya yi, aikin da ci gaban alchemy da ilmin sunadarai sun yi kama da yanayin zamani na filayen da kuma ikon da masana kimiyya zasu iya watsa imanin su. === Gudummawar masanan ilimin lissafi na Musulunci ga ilimin lissafi mai ban mamaki === Marie-Louise von Franz ta bayyana a cikin gabatarwa ga Ibn Umail's "Book of the Explanation of the Symbols - Kitāb Ḥall ar-Rumūz" gudummawar alchemy na Islama kamar haka: A cikin karni na 7 zuwa 8, malaman Islama sun fi damuwa da fassara tsoffin matani na Hermetic-[[Ginost|Gnostic]] ba tare da canza su ba. A hankali sun fara "'gwagwarmaya' abubuwan da ke ciki tare da addinin Islama" kuma sun fara "yi tunani da kansu da gwada kansu a cikin mulkin alchemy". Ta haka ne suka kara da "ƙaddamar da ra'ayi na allahntaka guda ɗaya" (tawḥīd) da kuma ƙara ƙirƙirar taƙaitaccen al'adun gargajiya daban-daban. Ta ''daya'' ne suka hada ma'anarsu, malaman Islama sun isa ga ra'ayin, cewa asirin da manufar alchemy shine nasarar "ƙwarewar tunani ta ciki, wato siffar Allah" kuma wannan dutse, ruwa, prima materia da dai sauransu "duk fannoni ne na asirin ciki wanda alchemist ya haɗu da Allah mai wucewa". Abu na biyu, sun kara da "sautin jin dadi" ta hanyar amfani da harshe mai waka fiye da na Hermetists na dā, kuma suna ba da "mafi girman girmamawa ga jigon coniunctio", watau hotuna na haɗin namiji da mace, rana da wata, sarki da sarauniya da dai sauransu.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|von Franz|2006}}.</ref> "Malaman asiri na Islama sun fahimci alchemy a matsayin tsari mai canzawa na tunanin alchemist. Wutar da ta inganta wannan canji ita ce ƙaunar Allah".<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|von Franz|2006}}.</ref> == Alchemists da ayyukan == === Khālid ibn Yazīd === A cewar marubucin wallafe-wallafen Ibn al-Nadīm, masanin ilimin lissafi na Musulmi na farko shi ne Khālid ibn Yazīd, wanda aka ce ya yi karatun alchemy a ƙarƙashin Kirista Marianos na [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]]. Tarihin wannan labarin ba a bayyane yake ba; a cewar M. Ullmann, labari ne.<ref name="eoikhalid">M. Ullmann, "Ḵh̲ālid b. Yazīd b. Muʿāwiya, abū hās̲h̲im.", in ''Encyclopedia of Islam'', second edition, edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, and W.P. Heinrichs, Brill, 2011. Brill Online. Accessed 20 January 2011. <http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_SIM-4151{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}></ref><ref name=holmyard63-66>{{cite book |last1=Holmyard |first1=Eric John | authorlink=Eric John Holmyard |title=Alchemy |date=1990 |publisher=Dover Publ |location=New York |isbn=0-486-26298-7 |pages=63-66 |edition=Unabridged and unaltered republ. of the work 1. publ. by Penguin Books}}</ref><ref name=eoikhalid/> A cewar Ibn al-Nadīm da Ḥajjī Khalīfa, shi ne marubucin ayyukan alchemical ''Kitāb al-kharazāt'' (Littafin Lu'ulu'u), Kitāb al'ṣaḥīfa al-kabīr (Babban Littafin Rubu), Kitāb a-ṣaḥī fa al-saghīr (Ƙananan Littafin Rukunin), Kitāb Waṣīhihihi bnihihi-ṣ-ṣ-anʿa (Littafi) (Littacin Aljanna), da Firdaws al-maḥik<ref name="anawati864">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Anawati|1996}}.</ref><ref name="eoikhalid" /><ref name="holmyard63-66" /> === Jābir ibn Ḥayyān === [[Fayil:Al-Jaahith_-_African_Arab_Naturalist_-_Basra_-_al_jahiz.jpg|right|thumb|184x184px|Hoton fasaha na karni na 15 na [[Jabir bin Hayyan|Jābir ibn Ḥayyān]] (Geber) ]] [[Jabir bin Hayyan|Jābir ibn Ḥayyān]] (Arabic / Farisa: {{Lang|ar|جابر بن حیان}}, ya mutu c. 806−816), shine wanda ake zaton marubucin adadi mai yawa da ayyuka iri-iri a Larabci sau da yawa ana kiransa tarin Jabirian.<ref>Delva, Thijs 2017. "The Abbasid Activist Ḥayyān al-ʿAṭṭār as the Father of Jābir b. Ḥayyān: An Influential Hypothesis Revisited" in: ''Journal of Abbasid Studies'', 4(1), pp. 35–61, pp. 36−37, note 6.</ref><ref>Plessner, Martin 1981. [https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/science-and-technology/chemistry-biographies/jabir “Jābir Ibn Hayyān”] in: Gillispie, Charles C. (ed.). ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography''. New York: Charles Scribners’s Sons, vol. 7, pp. 39–43; Forster, Regula 2018. “Jābir B. Ḥayyān” in: ''Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three''.</ref> An san shi da sunan mahaifin ilmin sunadarai, ayyukan Jabir sun ƙunshi mafi tsufa da aka sani na tsarin rarraba abubuwa masu sinadarai, da kuma tsofaffin umarni da aka sani don samun mahaɗin inorganic (sal ammoniya ko ammonium chloride) daga abubuwa masu kwayoyin halitta (kamar tsire-tsire, jini, da gashi) ta hanyar sunadarai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stapleton |first=Henry E. |author-link=Henry Ernest Stapleton |last2=Azo |first2=R.F. |last3=Hidayat Husain |first3=M. |year=1927 |title=Chemistry in Iraq and Persia in the Tenth Century A.D. |url=http://www.southasiaarchive.com/Content/sarf.100203/231270 |journal=Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |volume=VIII |issue=6 |pages=317–418 |oclc=706947607}} pp. 338–340; {{Cite book|last3=Paul Kraus (Arabist)}} vol. II, pp. 41–42.</ref> Wasu ayyukan Jabirian na Larabci (misali, "Littafin Rahama", da "Littafi na Bakwai") daga baya an fassara su zuwa Latin a ƙarƙashin sunan Latinized "Geber".<ref>Darmstaedter, Ernst. "Liber Misericordiae Geber: Eine lateinische Übersetzung des gröβeren Kitâb l-raḥma", ''Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin'', 17/4, 1925, pp. 181–197; Berthelot, Marcellin. "Archéologie et Histoire des sciences", ''Mémoires de l’Académie des sciences de l’Institut de France'', 49, 1906, pp. 308–363; see also Forster, Regula. [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/jabir-b-hayyan-COM_32665 "Jābir b. Ḥayyān"], ''Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three''.</ref> A cikin karni na 13 a Turai wani marubuci marar suna, wanda galibi ake kira pseudo-Geber, ya fara samar da rubuce-rubucen alchemical da metallurgical a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan.<ref>Newman, William R. "New Light on the Identity of Geber", ''Sudhoffs Archiv'', 1985, 69, pp. 76–90; Newman, William R. ''The Summa perfectionis of Pseudo-Geber: A critical edition, translation and study'', Leiden: Brill, 1991, pp. 57–103. It has been argued by Ahmad Y. Al-Hassan that the pseudo-Geber works were actually translated into Latin from the Arabic (see Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y. "The Arabic Origin of the ''Summa'' and Geber Latin Works: A Refutation of Berthelot, Ruska, and Newman Based on Arabic Sources", in: Ahmad Y. Al-Hassan. ''Studies in al-Kimya': Critical Issues in Latin and Arabic Alchemy and Chemistry''. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 2009, pp. 53–104; also available [http://www.history-science-technology.com/geber/geber%2004.html online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225044920/http://www.history-science-technology.com/geber/geber%2004.html |date=2021-02-25 }}).</ref> === Abū Bakr al-Rāzī === [[Muhammad dan Zakariya al-Razi|Abū Bakr ibn Zakariyā" al-Rāzī]] (Latin: Rhazes), an haife shi a kusa da 865 a Rayy, an fi saninsa da likitan Farisa. Ya rubuta ayyukan alchemical da yawa, ciki har da ''Sirr al-asrār'' (Latin: Secretum secretorum; Turanci: Asirin ''Asirin sirri;''.) <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Anawati|1996}}.</ref><ref>pp. 86-92, Holmyard 1990.</ref> === Ibn Umayl === Muḥammad ibn Umayl al-Tamīmī masanin kimiyyar Masar ne na ƙarni na 10 na reshe na alama-mashahuri. Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da ya tsira shine ''Kitāb al-māʿ al-waraqī wa-l-arḍ al-najmiyya'' (Littafin Ruwa da Ruwa mai Taurari). Wannan aikin sharhi ne game da waka, ''Risālat al-shams ilā al-hilāl'' (The Epistle of the Sun to the Crescent Moon) kuma ya ƙunshi ƙa'idodi da yawa daga marubutan zamanin d ̄ a.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Anawati|1996}}.</ref> Ibn Umayl yana da muhimmiyar tasiri a kan alchemy na Yammacin (Latin), inda ake samun aikinsa a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban, galibi a matsayin Babban ko Zadith.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|von Franz|2006}}.</ref><ref>Julius Ruska, "Senior Zadith = Ibn Umail." ''Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 31,'' 1928, pp. 665-666</ref> An sake buga "Silvery Water" misali a matsayin "The Chemical Tables of Senior Zadith" a cikin tarin matani na alchemical: Theatrum Chemicum, kuma Pseudo Aquinas ya yi sharhi a cikin Aurora Consurgens . Dukansu biyu suna ba da hotonsa (canji) na mai hikima yana riƙe da teburin sinadarai (duba hoton da ke sama).<ref>Theodor Abt: "The Transmission of Ibn Umail's Vision to the Occident" in: ''Book of the Explanation of the Symbols - Kitāb Hall ar-Rumūz by Muhammad ibn Umail. Psychological Commentary by Theodor Abt.'' Corpus Alchemicum Arabicum (CALA) IB, Living Human Heritage Publications, Zurich 2009, p. 59-64.</ref> === Al-Tughrai === Al-Tughrai likita ne na Farisa na ƙarni na 11 zuwa 12.<ref name="Khadem">{{Cite journal |last=El Khadem |first=H. S. |year=1995 |title=A Lost Text By Zosimos Reproduced in an Old Alchemy Book |url=http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed072p774 |journal=Journal of Chemical Education |volume=72 |issue=9 |pages=774 |bibcode=1995JChEd..72..774E |doi=10.1021/ed072p774}}</ref> wanda aikinsa ''Masabih al-hikma wa-mafatih al-rahma'' (The Lanterns of Wisdom and the Keys of Mercy) yana daya daga cikin ayyukan farko na kimiyyar kayan aiki. === Al-Jildaki === Al-Jildaki masanin kimiyyar Masar ne wanda ya bukaci a cikin littafinsa bukatar ilmin sunadarai na gwaji kuma ya ambaci gwaje-gwaje da yawa Kanz al-ikhtisas fi ma'rifat al-khawas na Abu 'l-Qasim Aydamir al-Jildak . == Ka'idar alchemical da sunadarai == {| class="wikitable" style="float: right" |+Tsarin farko da Jābir ya yi amfani da shi <ref name="holmyard74-82">pp. 74-82, Holmyard 1990.</ref> | |'''Hoton''' |'''Rashin sanyi''' |- |'''Rashin ruwa''' |Wutar |Duniya |- |'''Ruwa''' |Iska |Ruwa |} Jābir ya bincika kowane bangare na [[Aristotle]] dangane da halaye huɗu na Aristotle na ''zafi'', ''sanyi'', ''bushewa'', da ''danshi''. Misali, wuta abu ne mai zafi da bushewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a teburin.<ref name="holmyard74-82">pp. 74-82, Holmyard 1990.</ref><ref>Holmyard 1990, pp. 21-22.</ref><ref>Aristotle, ''On Generation and Corruption'', II.3, 330a-330b.</ref> A cewar Jābir, a cikin kowane ƙarfe biyu daga cikin waɗannan halaye sun kasance na ciki kuma biyu sun kasance na waje. Misali, gubar ta kasance a waje sanyi kuma ta bushe amma a ciki zafi da danshi; zinariya, a gefe guda, ta kasance a cikin waje zafi da dansho amma a ciki sanyi da bushe. Ya yi imanin cewa an kafa karafa a cikin Duniya ta hanyar haɗuwa da sulfur (yana ba da halaye masu zafi da bushe) tare da mercury (yana ba mai sanyi da danshi.) Wadannan abubuwa, mercury da sulfur, ya kamata a yi la'akari da su a matsayin ba abubuwa na yau da kullun ba amma masu kyau, abubuwa masu yiwuwa. Wanne ƙarfe ne aka kafa ya dogara da tsarkakar mercury da sulfur da kuma rabo da suka taru.<ref name="holmyard74-82" /> Daga baya masanin [[Muhammad dan Zakariya al-Razi|al-Rāzī]] (c. 865-925) ya bi ka'idar mercury-sulfur ta Jābir, amma ya kara da na uku, mai gishiri, bangare.<ref>Holmyard 1990, p. 88.</ref> Don haka, Jābir ya yi la'akari da cewa, ta hanyar sake tsara halaye na ƙarfe ɗaya, ƙarfe daban zai haifar. Ta hanyar wannan dalili, an gabatar da binciken dutsen falsafa ga alchemy na Yamma.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ragai |first=Jehane |year=1992 |title=The Philosopher's Stone: Alchemy and Chemistry |journal=Journal of Comparative Poetics |volume=12 |issue=Metaphor and Allegory in the Middle Ages |pages=58–77 |doi=10.2307/521636 |jstor=521636}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holmyard |first=E. J. |year=1924 |title=Maslama al-Majriti and the Rutbatu'l-Hakim |journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]] |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=293–305 |doi=10.1086/358238 |s2cid=144175388}}</ref> Jābir ya haɓaka ƙididdigar ƙididdiga inda haruffa tushen sunan abu a cikin Larabci, lokacin da aka bi da shi da sauye-sauye daban-daban, yana riƙe da takaddama ga dukiyar jiki.<ref name="holmyard74-82">pp. 74-82, Holmyard 1990.</ref> == Hanyoyi da kayan aiki == Al-Rāzī ya ambaci hanyoyin sunadarai masu zuwa: distillation, calcination, bayani, evaporation, crystallization, sublimation, filtration, amalgamation, da ceration (a process for making solids pasty or fusible.) Wasu daga cikin wadannan ayyukan (calcination, solution, filtration), crystallization da kuma sananne ne tacewa an yi su da pre-Islamic Alexandrian alchemists.<ref>p. 89, Holmyard 1990.</ref> A cikin Secretum secretorum, Al-Rāzī ya ambaci kayan aiki masu zuwa:<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Anawati|1996}}.</ref> * Kayan aiki don narke abubuwa (''li-tadhwīb''): wuta (kūr), bellows (''minfākh'' ko ''Ziqq''), crucible (''bawta''), status bar status (a Larabci, daga Farisa) ko ''botus barbatus'' (a layi), ladle (''Mighrafa'' ko ''milʿaqa''), tongs (''Māsik'' ko ''kalbatān''), scissors (''Mikhaʿ''), hammer (''Mukassir''), fayil (''mibrad''). * Kayan aiki don shirya kwayoyi (''li-''tanjīr'' al-ʿaqāqīr''): cucurbit kuma har yanzu tare da bututun kwashewa (''qarʿ'' ko anbīq dhūm), karɓar matras (''qābila''), makaho har yanzu (ba tare da bututu na kwashe ba) (''al-anbīq al-aʿmā''), ''al-uthāl'', goblets (qadaḥ), flasks (''qārūra'', da yawa quwāryya)), wanka a cikin ƙananan ruwa na aluldron (marq or tanjūr) da sauransu, adur, adur (s)), == Duba kuma == * Alchemy na kasar Sin * Kimiyya ta Musulunci == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} === Tushen da aka yi amfani da shi === *   * {{Cite book|last3=David C. Lindberg}} * {{Cite journal |last=Principe |first=Lawrence M. |author-link=Lawrence M. Principe |year=2011 |title=Alchemy Restored |journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]] |volume=102 |issue=2 |pages=305–12 |doi=10.1086/660139 |pmid=21874690 |s2cid=23581980}} * {{Cite journal |last=Sabra |first=A. I. |author-link=A. I. Sabra |year=1996 |title=Situating Arabic Science: Locality versus Essence |journal=Isis |volume=87 |issue=4 |pages=654–70 |bibcode=1996Isis...87..654S |doi=10.1086/357651 |jstor=235197 |s2cid=144596511}} * {{Cite book|last3=Marie-Louise von Franz}} == Ƙarin karantawa == *   *   * {{Cite book|edition=Sébastien}} *   *   [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qlopdkrgzajdlu0krua4e5ucc42dft4 0 84211 548027 528913 2024-11-28T23:15:39Z Tafoki5252 30926 Added Reference 548027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Idrisid dynasty''' Daular Idrisid (Larabci: الأدارسة al-Adārisah) daular Larabawa ce ta musulmi daga shekara ta 788 zuwa 974, wacce ke mulkin mafi yawan kasar Maroko a yau da kuma wasu sassan yammacin Aljeriya a yau. An yi wa wanda ya kafa suna, Idris I, Idriss suna daular Alid da ta fito daga zuriyar Annabi Muhammad(S.A.W) ta wurin jikansa imam Hasan. A al'adance ana daukar Idrisid a matsayin wadanda suka kafa kasar Moroko ta farko, inda suka kafa tsarin daular da ta biyo baya da kuma jihohin da ke tsakiyar wannan yanki. Mulkin nasu ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a farkon Musuluntar Maroko sannan kuma ya jagoranci karuwar shige da ficen Larabawa da ba da larabci a manyan biranen.A lokacin da ya tsere daga Khalifancin Abbasinawa zuwa gabas bayan yakin Fakhkh, Idris I ya fara kafa kansa a shekara ta 788 a Volubilis da ke kasar Moroko a yau tare da taimakon 'yan kabilar Berber. Daga baya shi da dansa, Idris II, suka kafa abin da ya zama birnin Fez a gabas. Fez ya zama babban birnin jihar Idrisid wadda ta mallaki mafi yawan yankunan Moroko a yau da kuma wani yanki na yammacin Aljeriya. Bayan rasuwar Idris II, an raba daular tsakanin 'ya'yansa maza da mata. Bayan wani lokaci na rikice-rikice, ikon daular ya sake komawa kuma ya kasance mai kwanciyar hankali tsakanin shekara 836 zuwa 863. A karshen karni na 9, duk da haka, sun fuskanci kalubale da kuma adawa na gida. A karni na 10 yankin ya shiga karkashin ikon siyasa na kabilun Zenata wadanda suka yi yakin neman zabe a madadin kasashe biyu masu gaba da juna a yankin, Khalifan Fatimid da Khalifan Umayyad na Cordoba. An kori Idrisid daga Fez a shekara ta 927, amma sun kasance a cikin wani yanki da aka rage a arewacin Morocco daga sansaninsu na Hajar an-Nasr Wanda Daga karshe dai ya janyo musu shan kaye da kuma cire su daga mulki a shekara ta 974, sannan kuma daga bisani sunyi wani dan takaitaccen yunkurin na ganin sun sake dawo da mulki a shekara ta 985 amma dukda yunkurinsu shi ma hakan yaci tura (ma'ana ya gagara). == Manazarta == ===suka kafa jihar Idrisid: Idris I da Idris II=== Har ya zuwa kashi 50% daga cikin kashi100% na daga cikin karni na 8, yankunan yammacin Maghreb, ciki har da Morocco a yau, sun kasance masu cin gashin kansu daga Khalifancin Umayyawa tun lokacin da Khariji ya jagoranci Berber wanda ya fara a 739-40. Halifancin Abbasiyawa bayan 750 ba su sake samun nasarar sake kafa iko da Morocco ba Hambarar da ikon gabashin kasar na nufin cewa Moroko na karkashin ikon kabilu da masarautun Berber daban-daban da suka bullo a wannan lokaci, kamar kungiyar Barghwata Confederacy. a gabar Tekun Atlantika da Masarautar Midrarid a Sijilmasa. Wanda ya kafa daular Idrisid shine Idris bn Abdallah (788-791), wanda ya samo asali daga zuri'arsa zuwa ga Ali bn Abi Talib (ya rasu a shekara ta 661) da matarsa Fatimah diyar fiyayyen halitta Annabin musulunci, Annabi Muhammad (S A W). Shi ne jikan Hasan bn Ali bn Abu talib. Shekara 81  Bayan yakin Fakhkh da ke kusa da Makka tsakanin Abbasiyawa da magoya bayan zuriyar Fiyayyen halitta Annabin Muhammad (S A W). Idris bn Abdallah ya gudu zuwa yankin Magrib. Da farko ya isa Tangier, birni mafi mahimmanci na Morocco a lokacin, kuma a shekara ta 788 ya zauna a Volubilis (wanda aka fi sani da Walili a Larabci). kujerar mulki tun daga Awraba ta mamaye Walili har zuwa Fes, inda ya kafa sabuwar mazauni mai suna Al-'Aliya. Idris II (791-828) ya haqaka birnin Fez, wanda mahaifinsa ya kafa tun da farko a matsayin garin kasuwar Berber. A nan ya yi maraba da rakuman hijira biyu na Larabawa: Daya a cikin 818 daga Cordoba da wani a cikin 824 daga Aghlabid Tunisia, yana ba Fes wani hali na Larabawa fiye da sauran garuruwan Maghrebi. A lokacin da Idris II ya rasu a shekara ta 828, kasar Idrisid ta taso ne daga yammacin Aljeriya zuwa Sous a kudancin Morocco, kuma ta zama jaha ta farko a Morocco, a gaban shugabannin Sijilmasa, Barghawata da Nekor wadanda suka kasance a wajen ikonsu. Asilah kuma ya zauna a kusa, yayin da Muhammad ya ba Umar gwamnan Tangier a matsayin lada. Lokacin da Umar ya rasu a watan Satumba ko Oktoba 835 an ba dansa Ali ibn Umar dukkan ikon mahaifinsa bi da bi. Muhammadu da kansa ya rasu bayan watanni bakwai a watan Maris ko Afrilu 836. Dansa Ali ibn Muhammad ya gaji mukaminsa kuma ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru 13 (836-849) bisa cancantar da ta dace, ta tabbatar da zaman lafiyar kasa. Bayan rasuwarsa a shekara ta 849 ya gaje shi da Dan uwansa Yahaya ibn Muhammad (ko Yahaya na I), wanda shi ma ya sami mulkin lumana. Idrisid dirham, wanda aka buga a al'Aliyah (Fes), Morocco, 840 CE. Tsabar tana dauke da sunan Ali: surukin Muhammadu, Halifa na hudu, kuma kakan Idriss. A wannan lokacin al'adun Musulunci da na Larabci sun sami karfafuwa a garuruwan kuma Morocco ta sami riba daga kasuwancin da ke wuce sahara, wanda 'yan kasuwa Musulmi (mafi yawansu Berber) suka mamaye. Haka nan birnin Fes ya bunqasa ya kuma zama cibiyar addini mai mahimmanci 52. A zamanin mulkin Yahya an sami karin baki larabawa sun zo kuma an kafa fitattun masallatai na al-Qarawiyyin da Andalusiyyin. Duk da haka, al'adun Musulunci da na Larabci kawai sun yi tasiri a cikin garuruwan, tare da mafi yawan al'ummar Morocco har yanzu suna amfani da yarukan Berber kuma galibi suna bin ka'idodin addinin Musulinci da koyarwar Musulinci. Idrisid ya kasance masu mulkin garuruwan kuma ba su da wani iko a kan mafi yawan al'ummar kasar. ===Ragewa Faruwa=== Banu Umayyawa kuma suka sake dora Fatimid mulkin mallaka a yammacin Magrib. A shekara ta 985 ya koma Morocco tare da goyon bayan Fatimid, amma a wannan shekarar wani janar na Banu Umayyawa da al-Mansur ya aiko ya yi nasara a kansa, sannan ya kashe shi a kan hanyar zuwa Cordoba. Wannan ya kawo karshen daular Idrisid. Banu Umayya sun ci gaba da rike arewacin Morocco har sai da khalifancinsu ya ruguje a farkon karni na 11. Bayan haka, kabilun Zenata Berber iri-iri ne suka mamaye Maroko.Har zuwa hawan Sanhaja Almoravids daga baya a karni, Magrawa ne ke iko da Fes, Sijilmasa da Aghmat yayin da Banu Ifran ke mulkin Tlemcen. Salé (Chellah), da yankin Tadla. ===Addini== A cewar Encyclopædia Britannica, “duk da cewa Idris na da tausayin ‘yan Shi’a, amma jihar da dansa ya kafa ta Ahlus-Sunnah ce a cikin al’amuran da suka shafi akidar addini". Wasu malamai na wannan zamani sun siffanta su da Shi'a ko Zaidiyya ko wani bangare, mai yiwuwa saboda alakarsu ta siyasa. Idriss sun kasance masu adawa da halifancin Abbasiyawa a siyasance. Wasu kuma sun soki wannan ikirari da haka tauhidin Shi'a da wani yunkuri na siyasa a cikin wani lokaci na tarihi inda har yanzu babu wani tauhidin Shi'a da ya bambanta da tauhidin Sunna a wannan yanki[18]. Amira Bennison ya bayar da hujjar cewa Idrisid coinage yana nuna cewa Idris I ya bayyana kansa a matsayin shugaban addini wanda halalcinsa ya ta’allaka ne da zuriyarsa daga Muhammad, wanda Bennison ya bayyana a matsayin “Matsayin Shi’a ko ‘Alid”. ‘Yan kabilar Awraba wadanda suka tarbi Idris I a Volubilis su ne Mu’tazila kuma Idris ya dogara sosai kan goyon bayan kabilun Mu’tazila Berber don kafa jiharsa. Haka nan kuma mai yiwuwa ya kasance yana da alaka da jiga-jigan Mu’utazila na Hijaz da gabas, yayin da wani Mu’tazila Khatib daga Basra ya raka shi a tafiyarsa zuwa Magrib wanda ya taimaka masa wajen samun goyon bayan kabilu. Sai dai ba a san ko wace irin al’ummar da ya kafa ita ce Mu’tazila ba. == Manazarta == m035t4vy66ycq4a3doclcq5e9x5kfm1 0 84620 548314 545706 2024-11-29T11:40:48Z Nnamadee 31123 548314 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga 1501 zuwa 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga Disamba 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} esamn2g539qb3828y4eofvymrc3rb8v 548315 548314 2024-11-29T11:41:22Z Nnamadee 31123 548315 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga Disamba 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} 3a6ti92s8wjgg43741bmngkywdgjnu7 548316 548315 2024-11-29T11:41:55Z Nnamadee 31123 548316 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa shekarar 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga Disamba 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} 2pzd2rqly329e5qkogpgcnr0jja3q77 548317 548316 2024-11-29T11:42:52Z Nnamadee 31123 548317 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa shekarar 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga Yuni 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} q55rz3y56u09zhe0shww582ac59qsgo 548318 548317 2024-11-29T11:43:45Z Nnamadee 31123 548318 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa shekarar 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} qd9cdehdx5rx9cmc3gk8kaafcekaj9x 548319 548318 2024-11-29T11:45:18Z Nnamadee 31123 548319 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa shekarar 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli shekara ta 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} 7o9aa1sc3jmyk235647lqttuox07mk1 548321 548319 2024-11-29T11:46:18Z Nnamadee 31123 548321 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mir_Sayyid_Ali_2.jpg|thumb|340x340px|Zane na zamanin Safawid, yana nuna haɗe-haɗe na wani gidan sarauta, na mai zane Mir Sayyid Ali.]] [[Daular Safawiyya]] shah Isma'il I ne ya kafa kasar<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> inda [[Ismail I]] ya samu nasarar cin [[Tabriz]] a ciki kuma aka nada masa sarautar [[Shah|Shahenshah]] «Sarkin Sarakuna» a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1501.<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> Shah Ismail ya samu damar sake hade kasashen Iran tare da kafa daular [[Shi'a]] mai karfi.<ref>https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml</ref> Ana daukar zamanin Safawida farkon [[tarihin Iran]] na zamani. Daular Safawiyya sun yi mulki daga shekarar 1501 zuwa shekarar 1736 kuma, a tsayinsu, sun mallaki duk abin da ke yanzu [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Baharen]], [[Armeniya]], Gabashin Jojiya. Caucasus ciki har da [[Rasha]] [[Iraƙi]], [[Kuwaiti]], da [[Afghanistan]], da kuma wasu sassan [[Turkiyya]], [[Siriya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], da [[Uzbekistan]]. Daular ta fara raguwa bayan rasuwar Shah Abbas mai girma, amma ta sake samun bunkasuwa a zamanin Shah [[Abbas II]]. A shekara ta alif 1722, babban birnin safawid, Isfahan, ya fada hannun Hotakis mahara, kuma ya barke da yaki don farfado da [[daular Safawiyya]], karkashin jagorancin [[Nader Shah]], ya sami nasarar korar maharan Afganistan, kuma Shah [[Tahmasp II]] ya koma kan karagar.<ref>Roemer 2008, p. 301.</ref> Sannan hakikanin ikon kasar ya koma hannun Nader Shah, kuma da nadin sarautar Shah [[Abbas III]], Nader ya zama regent har sai da Nader ya ayyana kansa Shahenshah a shekarar 8 ga Maris 1736. Don haka [[daular Safawiyya]] ta ƙare bayan mulkin da ya shafe fiye da ƙarni biyu. Bayan wargajewar daular Afsharid, wadda Nader Shah ya kafa, an sake bayyana yunkurin sake farfado da daular Safawiyya, kamar yadda Suleiman II aka ayyana Safawid Shah a Khorasan a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1749. Yunkuri na biyu shi ne nadin sarautar Ismail III a [[Isfahan]]. a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1750, amma duk ƙoƙarin da aka yi bai yi nasara ba wajen maido da mulkin Safawid. Duk da rugujewar daular, gadon da suka bari a baya shi ne sake farfado da [[Iran]] a matsayin matattarar tattalin arziki tsakanin gabashi da yamma, kuma kafa tsarin mulki mai aiki da tsarin mulki ya dogara ne akan (check and balances). baya ga sha'awar Safawid a cikin gine-gine, zane-zane.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220525211301/https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/safavids</ref> == Kafa daular Safawaiyya == === Iran kafin Safa'awa === [[Fayil:Ismail declares himself shah by entering Tabriz, Chingiz Mehbaliyev.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Ismail ya ayyana kansa «[[Shah|Shāh]]» ta hanyar shiga [[Tabriz]]; sojojinsa a gaban Arg na Tabriz, mai zane ''Chingiz Mehbaliyev'', a cikin tarin sirri.]] Bayan rugujewar daular Timurid, Iran ta rabu a siyasance. Rushewar ikon siyasar Tamerlane ya haifar da sararin da al'ummomin addinai da dama, musamman na Shi'i, za su iya fitowa gaba da samun shahara. Daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban, Safawid Qizilbash ya kasance mafi tsayin daka a siyasance, kuma saboda nasarar da suka samu Shah Isma'il ya samu daukakar siyasa a shekara ta 1501.<ref>Virani, Shafique N. The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation (New York: Oxford University Press), 2007, p. 113.</ref> Akwai jihohi da yawa kafin daular da Isma'il ya kafa.<ref>The writer Ṛūmlu documented the most important of them in his history.</ref> Isma'il ya iya hada dukkan wadannan kasashe karkashin daular Iran ta Shi'a da ya yi. Kafin hadewar daular, kasar ta kasance karkashin sarakuna da dama, wadanda suka hada da: * Huṣayn Bayqarā, mai mulkin Timurid na Herāt. * Alwand Mīrzā, Aq Qoyunlu Khan na Tabriz. * Murad Beg, Aq Qoyunlu mai mulkin [[Farisa|Iraƙi al-Ajam]]. * Farrokh Yasar, Sarkin Širvan. * Badi Alzamān Mīrzā, gwamnan [[Balkh]]. * Huṣayn Kīā Chalavī, gwamnan Semnān. * Murād Beg Bayandar, gwamnan Yazd. * Sultan Mahmud ibn Nizam al-Din Yahya ya fito daga gidan Mahrabani, sarkin Sistān. * Sarakunan Mazandaran da Gilan da dama kamar: Bisotun II, Ashraf ibn Taj al-Dawla, Mirza Ali, da Kiya Husayn II. === Tashin Shāh Ismāʻil I === [[Fayil:Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|thumb|269x269px|Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da [[Ismail I|Shāh Ismā’il I]] na daular Safawiyya ya yi shi ne shelanta ƙungiyar Shi’anci Islama sha biyu a matsayin addinin sabuwar daular Farisa da ya kafa. Wannan [[Daular Safawiyya|daular]] ta zama daya daga cikin manya-manyan iko na zamaninta.]] [[Ismail I|Shah Ismā'īl I]] ne ya kafa daular Safawiyya kimanin shekara ta 1501.<ref>"Ismail Safavi" Encyclopædia Iranica</ref> An san Isma'il jajirtacce kuma matashi mai kwarjini, mai kishin imani da Shi'anci. A cikin shekarar 1500 Ismāʻil I ya ci maƙwabciyar Shirvan don ɗaukar fansar mutuwar mahaifinsa Sheik Haydar wanda Shirvanshah mai mulki Farrukh Yassar ya kashe a 1488. Bayan haka, Ismail ya ci gaba da yaƙin cin nasara, inda ya kame [[Tabriz]] a watan Yuli shekara ta 1501, inda aka naɗa shi a matsayin [[Shah|Shāh «sarkin»]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120194533/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9377424/Safavid-dynasty Archived.]</ref><ref>Lawrence Davidson, Arthur Goldschmid, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2006, p. 153.</ref><ref>Richard Tapper. "Shahsevan in Safavid Persia", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1974, p. 324.</ref> kuma aka yi shelar zama Shāhenshah «sarkin sarakuna».<ref>George Lenczowski, "Iran under the Pahlavis", Hoover Institution Press, 1978, p. 79: "Ismail Safavi, descendant of the pious Shaykh Ishaq Safi al-Din (d. 1334), seized Tabriz assuming the title of Shahanshah-e-Iran".</ref><ref>Stefan Sperl, C. Shackle, Nicholas Awde, "Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa", Brill Academic Pub; Set Only edition (February 1996), p. 193: "Like Shah Ni'mat Allah-i Vali he hosted distinguished visitors among them Ismail Safavi, who had proclaimed himself Shahanshah of Iran in 1501 after having taken Tabriz, the symbolic and political capital of Iran".</ref><ref>Heinz Halm, Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Shiʻism, translated by Janet Watson, Marian Hill, Edition: 2, illustrated, published by Columbia University Press, 2004, p. 80: "...he was able to make his triumphal entry into Alvand's capital Tabriz. Here he assumed the ancient Iranian title of King of Kings (Shahanshah) and setup up Shiʻi as the ruling faith"</ref> ya hako tsabar kudi da sunansa, yana shelanta [[Shi'a|Shi’anci Sha biyu]] a matsayin addinin daular.<ref>[https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/entries/EIEO/COM-0964.xml Safawids.]</ref> Ko da yake Ismā`il na farko ya sami nasara akan Azarbaijan kaɗai, amma a ƙarshe Safawwa sun yi nasara a gwagwarmayar neman iko a kan Iran baki ɗaya. a cikin shekaru 10 shah Ismail ya kafa cikakken iko a kan dukkanin Iran. Sarakunan [[daular Usmaniyya]] sun sanya masa suna «''Sarkin yankunan Iran kuma magajin Jamshid da Kaykhusraw''».<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025192310/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period Encyclopaedia.]</ref> Da yake farawa da mallakar [[Azerbaijan]], Shirvan, kudancin [[Dagestan]] (tare da muhimmin birnin Derbent), da Armeniya a cikin 1501,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=MOuVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y Ward, Steven R (2014).]</ref> Erzincan da Erzurum sun fada cikin mulkinsa a 1502,<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=LKpEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y Sinclair, T.A.]</ref> Hamadan a 1503, [[Shiraz]] da Kerman a shekara ta 1504, Diyarbakir, [[Najaf]], da [[Karbala]] a shekara ta 1507, Van a shekara ta 1508, [[Bagadaza]] a shekara ta 1509, da Herat, da sauran yankunan Khorasan, a shekara ta 1510. A cikin 1503 an mai da masarautun Kartli da Kakheti su ma.<ref>[https://books.google.iq/books?id=PxQpmg_JIpwC&pg=PA165&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Edge of empires].</ref> Gagarumin nasara da Ismā'il ya yi akan [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] waɗanda suka mamaye mafi yawan Khorasan, sun tabbatar da iyakar Iran ta gabas, kuma Uzbek ba su taɓa fadadawa fiye da Kush Hindu ba. Ko da yake [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare na lokaci-lokaci zuwa cikin Khorasan, [[daular Safawiyya]] ta yi nasarar hana su a duk tsawon mulkinta. [[Fayil:Map Safavid persia.png|thumb|250x250px|Girman daular Shāh Ismāʻil a yammacin [[Asiya]].]] Bayan faduwar daular Timurid, Khan Uzbekan, Shibek Khan, wanda ya kira kansa zuriyar Genghis Khan, ya sami damar kwace mafi yawan Turkestan da dukkan Khorasan tare da kafa daular Shibanid. Ya shigo Iran ne daga arewa maso gabas saboda tsattsauran ra'ayin [[Sunnah]] da kuma kwarin guiwar sarki Bayezid II ya ruguza sabuwar [[Daular Safawiyya|gwamnatin Safawiyya]] da aka kafa. Shah Ismail ya yi tattaki zuwa Khorasan da nufin yakar Shibak Khan kuma ya kwace garuruwan Damghan, Gorgan da [[Mashhad]] a kan hanyar. Shibak Khan ya fake a Merv kagara, wanda Shāh Ismail ya kasa mamayewa. Shi ya sa ya yi kokarin fitar da Shibek Khan daga kagara da dabara. Shirin Shah Ismail ya yi nasara, yayin da sojojin biyu suka fafata a kusa da birnin Merv a yakin da ya hada da sojojin Qazilbash 17,000 da sojojin Uzbek 27,000. Yakin ya kare ne da nasarar da sojojin Safawid suka samu a wani yaki mai wahala, don haka Shah Ismail ya samu nasara mamaye garuruwan [[Herat]], Merv, da Khorasan.{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=The Battle between Shah Ismail and Abul-Khayr Khan.jpg|width1=160|image2="Shah Ismail at the Battle of Chaldiran", from Bijan’s Tarikh-i Jahangusha-yi Khaqan Sahibqiran.jpg |width2=160|footer=Hotunan yaƙe-yaƙe na Farisa na yaƙin da Shah Isma'il ya yi, a hagu yana nuna yaƙin da ya yi da Shaybanida kuma a hannun dama yana nuna yaƙin da Daular Usmaniyya.}}Mafi matsala ga Safawiyawa shine [[daular Usmaniyya]] da ke makwabtaka da ita. Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni ta dauki jan hankalin kabilun Turkmen na yankin Anatoliya zuwa ga tafarkin Safawiyya a matsayin babbar barazana. Domin tunkarar mulkin Safawiyya da ke tashe, a shekara ta 1502, sarki Bayezid II ya kori musulmi 'yan [[Shi'a]] da karfi da karfi daga yankin Anatoliya zuwa wasu sassan daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1511, tawayen Şahkulu wani yunkuri ne mai yaduwa na mabiya [[Shi'a]] wanda aka yi wa daular Usmaniyya daga cikin daular.<ref>Christine Woodhead (2011). The Ottoman World. Routledge. p. 94</ref> A shekara ta 1512, Selim I bin Bayezid II ya hau kan karagar Usmani. A farkon mulkinsa, Selim ya ƙirƙira jerin sunayen duk 'yan Shi'a masu shekaru 7 zuwa 70 a yawancin garuruwan Anadolu na tsakiya da suka haɗa da Tokat, Sivas da Amasya. Yayin da Selim ya zagaya cikin wadannan garuruwan, sojojinsa suka tattara suka kashe duk [[Shi'a|'yan Shi'ar]] da suka samu yawancinsu an fille kawunansu. Kisan gillar shi ne mafi girma a Tarihin Usmani, har zuwa karshen karni na 19.<ref>Mikhail (2020), pp. 258–259.</ref> A shekara ta 1514 Selim na kai wa masarautar Ismail hari domin hana yaduwar Shi'anci zuwa daular Usmaniyya. Selim da [[Ismail I|Ismā'il]] sun yi musayar jerin wasiƙun yaƙi kafin harin. A tattakin da ya yi don fuskantar Isma’il, Selim ya yi wa Alevis 50,000 kisan kiyashi, yana ganin su makiyan Daular Usmaniyya ne.<ref>Karagoz (2017), p. 72.</ref> Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa sojojin Usmani sun kai girman na Safawid akalla ninki biyu‌‌;<ref>"Ismail Safavi" ''Encyclopædia Iranica''</ref> haka kuma, [[daular Usmaniyya]] na da damar yin amfani da manyan bindigogi, wadanda sojojin Safawad suka rasa. Ko da yake Isma'il ya sha kaye a yakin Chaldiran, daular Safawiya ta tsira. Yakin da ke tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu ya ci gaba a karkashin dan Isma'il, Sarkin sarakuna Tahmasp na daya, da sarki Suleiman, har sai da Shah Abbās I ya kwato dukkan kasashen. == Fadadawa da ƙarfi == === Shāh Tahmāsp I (r. 1524–1576) === [[Fayil:Shah Tahmasp I in the mountains (cropped).jpg|thumb|238x238px|Hoton [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp I]] wanda shi ne Shāh na biyu na Daular Safawiyya kuma ya kasance mafi dadewa a mulki a cikin sauran masu mulki.]] [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] matashin titular gwamnan Khorasan ya gaji mahaifinsa Isma'il a shekara ta 1524 yana ɗan shekara goma da wata uku.<ref>[https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/tahmasp-i Tahmasp.]</ref> Tahmāsp ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Qizilbash amir Ali Beg Rūmlū (mai suna: ''Div Soltān Rumlu'') wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mai mulkin jihar. Kopek Sultān Ustajlu wanda ya kasance wakīli na ƙarshe na Ismāil kuma Rūmlū ya kafa kansu a matsayin sarakunan matashin shah.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Qizilbash, wadanda har yanzu suke shan wahala a karkashin gadon yakin kasar Chaldiran, sun shiga cikin rikici na cikin gida. Shekaru biyun farko na mulkin Tahmāsp sun ƙare tare da ƙoƙarin Div Sultan na kawar da Ustajlu daga mulki.<ref>Streusand, p. 146.</ref> Wannan makircin kotu yana haifar da rikicin kabilanci kai tsaye. Tun daga shekara ta 1526 aka fara yaƙe-yaƙe na lokaci-lokaci, daga arewa maso yammacin [[Iran]] amma ba da jimawa ba ya haɗa da dukan Khorasan.<ref>H.R. Roemer, "The Safavid Period" in The Timurid and Safavid Periods ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart, volume 6 of The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1968–1991) ("Roemer"), pp. 233–234.</ref> Idan babu mai kwarjini, mai tada zaune tsaye kamar Shah Ismail, shugabannin kabilar sun dawo da mulkinsu na gargajiya tare da yin barazanar komawa zamanin sarakunan yaki na cikin gida. Kimanin shekaru 10 ne kungiyoyin Qizilbash masu adawa da juna suka gwabza da juna. Da farko, ƙabilar Ustajlu ta Kopek Sultān sun sha wahala mafi tsanani, kuma an kashe shi da kansa a yaƙi. Ta haka Div Soltān ya zama mai nasara a gwagwarmayar fada ta farko, amma ya fada hannun Chuha Sultān na Takkalu, wanda ya juya Tahmāsp a gaban jagoransa na farko. A cikin 1527 [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya nuna sha'awarsa ta hanyar harbin kibiya a Div Soltān a gaban kotun da aka taru. Takkalu sun maye gurbin Rumlu a matsayin mafi rinjaye. Su kuma Shamlu za su maye gurbinsu, amir su Husain Khan, ya zama babban mashawarcin Shāh, wannan sabon shugaban zai kasance har zuwa 1534 lokacin da aka cire shi kuma aka kashe shi.<ref>Roemer, p. 234</ref> A faduwar Husain Khan, Tahmāsp ya tabbatar da mulkinsa. Maimakon ya dogara ga wani rukuni, ya naɗa wakīlin farisa; Daga shekara ta 1553 har tsawon shekaru arba'in, shah ya sami damar kaucewa shiga cikin ha'incin kabilanci. Amma shekaru goma na yakin basasa ya fallasa daular ga hadarin kasashen waje kuma Tahmāsp ya mayar da hankalinsa ga hare-haren da Uzbek ke ci gaba da yi.<ref>Romer, pp. 234–237.</ref>{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|image1=Portrait of Shah Tahmasp I. Inscribed "Tammas Pers". Painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo, dated 1552-1568.jpg|width1=160|image2=EmperorSuleiman.jpg|width2=160|footer=A hannun dama, ya zana Suleiman I daya daga cikin sarakunan daular Usmaniyya, a bangaren hagu kuma ya nuna Tahmāsp I Shahenshah na Daular Safawiyya.}}A zamanin mulkin Tahmāsp 'yan Uzbek sun kai hari kan lardunan gabas na masarautar sau biyar, sannan [[daular Usmaniyya]] karkashin [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman I]] ta mamaye wasu kasashe sau hudu.<ref>Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, pp. 60–64.</ref> Gudanar da mulkin da ba a san shi ba a kan sojojin [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] ne ke da alhakin gazawar Uzbek don yin kutsawa cikin yankin Khorasan.<ref>Streusand, pp. 146–147.</ref> duk da rashin jituwa na cikin gida, manyan Safavid sun amsa barazanar Herat a cikin 1528 ta hanyar hawa gabas tare da [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] (sa'an nan 17) tare da fatattakar manyan sojojin Uzbek a Jām.<ref>Colin P. Mitchell, The Practice of Politics in Safavid Iran: Power, Religion and Rhetoric (London: I.B. Tauris, 2000), p. 59.</ref> Wannan nasara ta samo asali ne sakamakon amfani da makaman da sojojin safawa suka yi amfani da su da kuma horar da su tun bayan Yakin Chaldiran.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da nasarar da aka samu da bindigogi a Jām, Tahmāsp ya zaɓi yankin cede don daular Usmaniyya maimakon yaƙi kai tsaye, galibi yana amfani da dabarun ƙasa a cikin tsari.<ref>Mikheil Svanidze, "The Amasya Peace Treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran (June 1, 1555) and Georgia," Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 3, pp. 191–97 (2009) ("Svanidze"), p. 191.</ref> Manufar Usmanid a yakin 1534 da 1548-1549, a lokacin yakin Usmaniya-Safawiya 1532-1555, shine sanya 'yan'uwan Tahmāsp (Sām Mirza da Alqās Mirza, bi da bi) a matsayin shah don mayar da Iran a karkashin kasa. Ko da yake a waccan kamfen (da kuma a cikin 1554) [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta kama [[Tabriz]], amma ba su da hanyar sadarwar da ta isa ta mamaye ta na dogon lokaci.<ref>Streusand, p. 147.</ref> Duk da haka, saboda rashin tsaro a Iraki da yankin arewa maso yamma, Tahmāsp ya tura kotunsa daga [[Tabriz]] zuwa Qazwin. [[Fayil:House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Tabriz, hedkwatar Daular Safawiyya ta farko tun daga kafuwarta har zuwa zamanin Shāh Tahmāsp I.]] [[Fayil:Imam Hussein Zadeh , Qazvin by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Hotunan birnin Qazwin, babban birnin Daular Safawiyya na biyu ya kasance babban birninsa har zuwa lokacin mulkin Shāh Abbas I.]] A lokacin yakin, [[Daular Usmaniyya]] ta yi arangama da dabarun dabara na Shāh Tahmāsp I, wanda ya iya tunkude hare-haren da Usmanid ya yi, ya kuma yi hasara mai yawa ga sojojin daular Usmaniyya ba tare da wata arangama ta kai tsaye ba, kamar yadda Shah Tahmasp ya yi amfani da ka'idar da ba ta dace ba don tunkarar daular Usmaniyya. A shekara ta 1534, [[Suleiman Mai Girma|Suleiman]] ya jagoranci wani gagarumin yakin soji tare da sojojin da aka kiyasta sun kai 200,000 da kuma bindigogi 300 a kan Tahmāsp, wanda ke da mayakan 7,000 kawai, saboda haka, [[Tahmasp I|Shāh Tahmāsp]] ya kauce wa karo kai tsaye da sojojin Usmanid dabarar soji mai wayo don tunkarar sojojin Usmanid, wanda aka tilastawa tsallakawa tsaunukan Zagros, wannan dabara ta kai ga mutuwar sojojin daular Usmaniyya 30,000, wanda ya tilasta wa Sarki Suleiman I soke yakin neman zabensa. A lokacin yakin karshe da Usmanid ya yi da Safawid a shekarar 1553, Tahmæsp ya dauki matakin, inda ya garzaya zuwa yankin Usmanid, ya hambarar da Iskander Pasha tare da kwace iko da birnin Erzurum na Turkiyya, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya kuma kama Sinan Bey, daya daga cikin manyan mataimaka zuwa ga Sarkin Usmanid. Don haka ne aka tilastawa daular Usmaniyya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da [[Daular Safawiyya]], wadda ake kira yarjejeniyar Amasya, wadda ta dauki tsawon shekaru 30 ana yi. An fayyace iyakokin daulolin biyu kuma an dakatar da rikicin makamai a tsakanin su.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tahmasp-I Shah Tahmasp I.]</ref> Tabriz, Gabashin Jojiya, Armeniya ta Gabas, Kurdistan ta Gabas, Dagestan, Azerbaijan<ref>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010). 516.</ref> da sauran iyakar arewa maso yamma sun shiga [[daular Safawiyya]]. === 'Yan gudun hijira na sarauta === [[Fayil:Tahmasp, Humayun Meeting.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Shāh Tahmāsp I da Humayun a [[Isfahan]].]] Kusan a lokasi guda da bullowar [[daular Safawiyya]], daular Gurkaniyya, wacce yarima Timurid [[Babur]] ya kafa, tana tasowa a Kudancin [[Asiya]]. Gurkaniyawa galibi sun rungumi addinin sunna masu hakuri yayin da yawancin mutanensu mabiya addinin Hindu ne. Bayan rasuwar [[Babur]], an kori dansa Humayun daga yankunansa tare da yi masa barazana daga kaninsa kuma abokin hamayyarsa, wadanda suka gaji yankin arewacin [[Babur]].<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Bayan ya gudu daga birni zuwa birni, Humayun ya nemi mafaka a kotun Tahmāsp da ke Qazwin a shekara ta 1543. [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya karɓi Humayun a matsayin sarki na gaskiya na [[Mughal Empire|daular Gurkaniyya]], duk da cewa Humayun ya shafe fiye da shekaru goma sha biyar yana gudun hijira.<ref>John F. Richards, The Mughal Empire (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref><ref>Riazul Islam; Indo-Persian Relations: A Study of the Political and Diplomatic Relations between the Mughal Empire and Iran (Tehran: Iranian Cultural Foundation, 1970), pp. 22–47.</ref> A nan ne Humayun ya musulunta na [[Shi'a]].<ref>John F. Richards, ''The Mughal Empire'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, c. 1995), p. 11.</ref> Tahmāsp ya ba shi taimakon soja don dawo da yankunansa a madadin ya ba Kandahar [[daular Safawiyya]]. A cikin 1545 hadaddiyar rundunar Safawiyya-Gurkaniyya ta yi nasarar kwace [[Kandahar]] tare da mamaye Kabul.<ref>Savory, R, Iran under the Safavids, p. 66.</ref> Don haka Humayun ya koma kan karagar Ghurkaniyya. === Art da al'adu wadata === <div class="reflist4" style="height:450px; overflow: auto; padding:12px"><div style="text-align: center;"><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Folio from the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, attributed to Aqa Mirak, circa 1525–35, Sotheby's (cropped).jpg|An danganta shi ga Aqa Mirak, Faridun ya kama kamar dodon yana gwada 'ya'yansa maza, Wannan takarda, wacce daya ce daga cikin hotuna 258 na littafin Shahnameh Tahmasbi mai kayatarwa. Fayil:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|Hoton wani shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasbi, wanda ke bayyana makarkashiyar kashe Khosrow Parvez, sarkin Sassanid. Fayil:Unknown, Iran - Page from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp - Google Art Project.jpg|Shafi daga Shahnameh na Tahmasabi, wanda ke ba da labarin labarin Fereydoun na tsallaka Tigris. Fayil:Dust Muhammad, The Story Of Haftvad And The Worm, Folio From The Shahnama Of Shah Tahmasp ca. 1540 Sadruddin Aga khan Collection.jpg|Kura Muhammad, Labarin Haftvad Da tsutsa. </gallery></div></div>A cikin al'amuran al'adu, [[Tahmasp I|Tahmāsp]] ya jagoranci farfado da fasaha mai kyau, wanda ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ikonsa. Sau da yawa ana sha'awar al'adun Safavid saboda manyan tsare-tsare da gine-ginen birni, nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin mulkin Shahs na baya, amma fasahar kere-kere na Farisa, ɗaure littattafai da ƙira, a haƙiƙa, ba a taɓa samun kulawa sosai kamar yadda suka yi a zamaninsa ba lokaci.<ref>Savory, pp. 129–131.</ref> Sarautar Tahmāsp da mahaifinsa, [[Ismail I]], ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi fa'ida a cikin tarihin harshen Turkiyya da adabi na Azeri. Shahararren mawaƙin nan, Fuzuli, wanda ya yi rubuce-rubuce cikin harsunan Azeri [[Turkanci]], [[Farisa]], da [[Larabci]], ya bunƙasa a wannan zamani.<ref>Javadi & Burrill 1988.</ref> Dan uwansa Sam Mirza ya ambata a cikin littafinsa (Tazkera-ye Tohfe-ye Sāmi) cewa akwai mawaka 700 a zamanin sarakunan Safawiyya biyu na farko.<ref>Mitchell 2009b</ref> Tahmāsp fitaccen gudummuwa da yabo ga fasahar Safawiyya shine taimakonsa na rubutun Farisa da ya faru a farkon rabin mulkinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen zane-zane na Shahnameh, wanda mahaifinsa ya ba da izini a kusa da 1522 yana ɗauke da sunan Tahmasp.<ref>Simpson 2009.</ref> Ya ƙarfafa masu zane-zane irin su Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād,<ref>Soudavar 2017, p. 51.</ref> yana ba da wani taron bita na zanen sarauta ga haziƙai, ƴan tafiya, da masu koyo tare da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki kamar zinare na ƙasa da lapis lazuli. Masu fasahar Tahmasp sun kwatanta Khamsa na Nizami,<ref>Mitchell 2009b; Streusand 2019, p. 191</ref> kuma ya yi aiki a kan zanen baranda na Chehel Sotoun.<ref>Ghasem Zadeh 2019, p. 4.</ref> Littafin (Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Abbasi) ya kira mulkin Tahmāsp zenith na Safawiyya calligraphic da kuma zane-zane.<ref>Mitchell 2009b.</ref> == Zaman tashin hankali == == Koli na iko da wadata == == Zamanin raguwa == == Karshen daular Safawiyya == == Ƙoƙari a farfaɗowa == == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Iran]] * [[Daular Safawiyya]] * [[Masarautu masu tsaro Iran]] * [[Jerin Daulolin Musulunci na Shi'a]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} bbtpy6mzc28i2rd8ykrylvwslxdzlax 0 86600 547693 543524 2024-11-28T19:33:03Z Adamu ab 23827 547693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III''' shine Firauna na biyu na Daular Ashirin a  Masar ta dā. Wasu malaman sun yi tarihin sarautarsa ​​daga 26 ga Maris 1186 zuwa 15 ga Afrilu 1155 BC, kuma ana ɗaukarsa Fir'auna na ƙarshe na Sabon Mulkin da ya yi iko mai yawa.<ref>Robins, Gay. ''The Art of Ancient Egypt''</ref> Tsawon mulkinsa ya ga koma bayan siyasa da tattalin arzikin Masar, yana da nasaba da jerin mamayewa da matsalolin tattalin arziki na cikin gida da suka addabi Fir'aunan da suka gabace shi. Wannan ya zo daidai da raguwar yanayin al'adun Masar ta dā.<ref>Robins, Gay. ''The Art of Ancient Egypt''</ref> Duk da haka, nasarar nasarar da ya samu ya iya rage raguwa, ko da yake har yanzu yana nufin cewa wadanda suka gaje shi za su sami raunin soja. An kuma bayyana shi a matsayin "Jarumi Fir'auna" saboda kakkarfan dabarunsa na soja. Ya jagoranci hanya ta hanyar fatattakar maharan da aka fi sani da "Sea Peoples", wadanda suka haddasa halaka a wasu wayewa da masarautu. Ya iya ceto Masar daga rugujewa a lokacin da wasu dauloli da yawa suka fadi a lokacin Marigayi Bronze Age; duk da haka, barnar da mamayar ta yi ta yi tasiri a Masar.<ref>Cifola, Barbara (1988). "Ramses III and the Sea Peoples: A Structural Analysis of the Medinet Habu Inscriptions". ''Orientalia''. '''57''' (3): 275–306. JSTOR 43077586</ref> Rameses III ya gina ɗaya daga cikin manyan haikalin gawawwaki na yammacin Thebes, yanzu ana kiransa Medinet Habu. An kashe shi ne a cikin makircin Harem  karkashin jagorancin matarsa ​​​​Tiye da babban ɗanta Pentawere. Wannan zai haifar da rikicin maye gurbin wanda zai ƙara haɓaka faɗuwar Masarawa ta dā. Ɗansa ne ya gaje shi kuma ya naɗa magajin Ramesses IV, kodayake yawancin sauran ƴaƴansa za su yi mulki daga baya.<ref>Van de Mieroop, Marc (2021). ''A history of ancient Egypt'' (Second ed.). Chichester, West Sussex. p. 237. ISBN <bdi>978-1119620877</bdi>.</ref> ==Farkon shekaru== Ramesses III. bashi da dangantaka da Ramesses I Kuma bashi da dangantaka da Ramesses II. Ramesses III ya kasance da ne wajen Setnakhte da kuma Tiy-Merenese wadda ta rubuta sunan ta a cartouche. Shi Setnakhte ba a san asalin shi ba. Ya yi zumudin kama kujerar lokacin da ana rikicin siyasa daga hannun Twosret == Manazarta == 6awf5inje8w5lfmvr2uos77dwnhvmtk 0 86844 547761 538151 2024-11-28T20:41:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gizdodo''' wani abincin [[Yarbawa]] ne da ake yi da gizzard da dodo (plantain); wannan abinci ne na gefe da ake ci a gida ko a lokuta na musamman. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gizdodo Recipe {{!}} Shoprite Nigeria |url=https://www.shoprite.com.ng/recipes/all-recipes/gizdodo.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020022920/http://www.shoprite.com.ng/recipes/all-recipes/gizdodo.html |archive-date=2016-10-20 |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=www.shoprite.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eat Me: How To Make Gizdodo – The Whistler Newspaper |url=https://thewhistler.ng/eat-me-how-to-make-gizdodo/amp/ |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=thewhistler.ng}}</ref> == Dubawa == Ana yin wannan haɗin ne ta hanyar amfani da plantain, gizzard na kaza, kayan kamshi, albasa, barkono bell da rodo (barkono habenero), da sauransu. Hakanan ana iya ƙara [[karas]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-11 |title=GL Recipe: Gizdodo and Zobo |url=https://guardian.ng/life/food/gl-recipe-gizdodo-and-zobo/ |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Onyeakagbu |first=Adaobi |date=2018-07-04 |title=Try this simple gizzard and dodo recipe |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/gizdodo-try-this-simple-gizzard-and-dodo-recipe/yh669lq |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ana soya plantain da gizzard daban a cikin kwanon soya; Bayan haka, ana saka su biyu a cikin miya da aka yi daga sauran kayan da suka rage (yankakken [[albasa]], yankakken barkono, kayan yaji, Maggi cubes, da sauran kayan abinci). Ana iya ba da Gizdodo shi kaɗai ko a ci da [[shinkafa]] ko spaghetti. <ref>{{Cite web |last=for #OunjeAladun |first=Omolabake |date=2020-10-01 |title=Plantain Gizzard Kebab |url=https://ounjealadun.com/2020/10/01/plantain-gizzard-kebab/ |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Ounje Aladun |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lete |first=Nky Lily |date=2013-08-11 |title=Dodo Gizzard / Gizdodo Recipe (Gizzards and Plantains) |url=https://www.nigerianfoodtv.com/dodo-gizzard-nigerian-gizdodo-gizzards/ |access-date=2022-06-23 |website=Nigerian Food TV |language=en-us}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Abincin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == 5hiywlcmd94lwxbnf9sgw1clx83eao2 0 87287 547513 541369 2024-11-28T12:23:58Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 547513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''ʾAḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn ibn Yazīd al Baghdādī''' ({{Langx|ar|أبو بكر الخلال}}) anfi sanin sa da sunan '''Abū Bakr al Khalāl''', was a Medieval Muslim jurist.<ref name="ox">"Khallal, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Harun al-" at [http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195134056.001.0001/acref-9780195134056-e-461 The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History]. Ed. [[Stanley Nider Katz]]. Web version. [[Oxford]]: [[Oxford University Press]], 2012. {{ISBN|9780195336511}}</ref> Al-Khallal dalibi ne na dalibai biyar na [[Ahmad Ibn Hanbal|Ahmad ibn Hanbal]] kai tsaye, ciki har da dan Ibn Hanbal Abdullah . Takardunsa game da ra'ayoyin Ibn Hanbal daga ƙarshe sun kai kundin ashirin kuma daga ƙarshe sun haifar da adana [[Mazhab|makaranta]] [[Hanbaliya|Hanbali]] ta dokar Islama. An dauke shi babban masanin Hanbalite na lokacinsa. == Rayuwa == Ba a san ainihin ranar haihuwar Al-Khallal ba. Ya mutu a shekara ta 923, wanda ke nufin cewa an haife shi a lokacin da Ibn Hanbal ya mutu. The Oxford International Encyclopaedia of Legal History ya kiyasta shekarar haihuwar al-Khallal a matsayin 848. Baya ga kokarinsa na shari'a, kusan babu wani abu da aka sani game da rayuwar al-Khallal. A lokacin da yake kokarin tattara ra'ayoyin Ibn Hanbal, al-Khallal ya ƙare yana ciyar da lokaci a Lardin Fars, [[Siriya]] da [[Mesopotamia|Mesopotamiya]]. A cewar masanin tarihin musulmi [[Al-Dhahabi]], babu wani abu kamar makarantar shari'a ta Hanbalite mai zaman kanta kafin kokarin al-Khallal na tattara ra'ayoyin Ibn Hanbal.<ref name="mel" /> Ba a yarda da matsayin Al-Khallal a cikin makarantar ba, kuma shi da ɗalibansa galibi suna rikici da ɗan'uwan Hanbalite Al-Hasan ibn 'Ali al-Barbahari da ɗalibansa. == Samun Karɓuwa == Masanin tarihi [[al-Dhahabi]] ya bayyana cewa, "Kafin shi (al-Khallal) babu wata makarantar mai zaman kanta ta imam; ba har sai ya bi matani na Ahmad ba, ya rubuta su kuma ya bincika hujjojin su bayan 300." Masanin shari'ar [[Hanbaliya|Hanbali]] na ƙarni na 20 Ibn Badran ya kira tarin al-Khallal "tushen makarantar Hanbali, daga abin da duk littattafan da suka biyo baya na shari'ar Hannbali suka fito". == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Littattafai a Alibris r3bn8di4oekr2fuwxbkb43r2nztunv1 0 87596 547638 542309 2024-11-28T18:25:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox food|name=Bissara|image=|caption=Bissara}} '''Bissara''', '''Bessara''', besarah, bayssara , bayssar da '''tamarakt''' (Arabic) abinci ne a cikin Abincin Masar da na Maroko. Abincin ya ƙunshi wake, albasa, tafarnuwa, sabbin kayan ƙanshi da kayan yaji. Dukkanin sinadaran ana dafa su a hankali sannan a haɗa su tare don samar da creamy da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi ko kuma abincin gefe. A cikin Abincin Yahudawa na dā, ana cinye irin wannan abincin, wanda aka sani da "'''mikpah ful'''" a cikin wallafe-wallafen malamai. == Magana == Masana tarihin abinci sun yi imanin cewa sunan Bissara ya samo asali ne daga kalmar tsohuwar Masar "Bisourou" (ko ''bissouro),'' wanda ke nufin "ya'yan itace da aka dafa". == Shirye-shiryen == Bissara yana amfani da wake mai zurfi a matsayin sinadarin farko. Ƙarin sinadaran sun haɗa da tafarnuwa, Man zaitun, ruwan lemun tsami, jan albasa mai zafi, cumin, da gishiri. Ana shirya Bissara wani lokaci ta amfani da wake ko Chickpeas. === Abincin Masar === A Misira, ana cin bissara ne kawai a matsayin abincin burodi, kuma ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, a matsayin ''Meze'', ko kuma da wuya, don abincin rana ko abincin dare. Bissara na Masar ya haɗa da ganye ko ganye masu ganye, albasa mai zafi, ruwan lemun tsami, kuma wani lokacin albasa. A al'adance abinci ne na manomi na karkara, kodayake ya zama sananne a birane na Masar tun 2011 saboda yana da lafiya fiye da takwaransa na birane, ful medames. Yawanci ba shi da tsada, kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin abincin matalauta. A Misira, bissara kuma ya haɗa da ganye ko ganye masu ganye - musamman parsley, mint, dill, spinach, ko Molokhiya, kodayake 'yan gudun hijirar Masar a [[State of Palestine|Falasdinu]] sun fi ƙara ƙarshen - kuma ana cinye shi tare da burodi a matsayin nutsewa.<ref name="Yasmine">{{Cite web |last=Yasmine |date=March 17, 2016 |title=Classic Egyptian Bessara |url=http://cairocooking.com/md_recipe/classic-egyptian-bessara/ |access-date=2018-05-14 |website=Cairo Cooking}}</ref> === Abincin Maroko === [[Fayil:Bissara_(Moroccan_Dip).JPG|thumb|200x200px|Bissara]] A Maroko, bissara ya shahara a lokacin watanni masu sanyi na shekara, kuma ana iya samunsa a cikin murabba'in gari da hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite web |title=''Bissara'', le plat chaud anti-froid |url=http://www.babmagazine.ma/bissara-le-plat-chaud-anti-froid |access-date=2021-12-27 |website=www.babmagazine.ma |archive-date=2021-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227234207/http://www.babmagazine.ma/bissara-le-plat-chaud-anti-froid |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yawanci ana ba da shi a cikin kwanon rufi ko faranti na miya, kuma an rufe shi da man zaitun, paprika, da kumin. Wani lokaci ana cin burodi a cikin tasa, kuma ana ƙara ruwan lemun tsami a wasu lokuta a matsayin saman. === Irin wannan abincin === Tova Dickstein, gwani a cikin abinci na dā, ya haɗa abincin Yahudawa na dā da aka sani da mikpah ko mikpah ful, wanda aka ambata sau da yawa a cikin wallafe-wallafen malamai, zuwa bissara na zamani. Tsohon tushe sun bayyana shi a matsayin nutsewa da aka yi daga wake, tafarnuwa, mint, da man zaitun. Saboda bayyanarta akai-akai a cikin Mishnah, wanda kuma ya haɗa da Mulkin halakhic wanda ke nuna cewa ana iya watsar da sukkah ne kawai a lokacin ruwan sama da zarar mikpah ya zama rigar da ƙanshi, ta kira shi "abinci na ƙasa" na Isra'ilawa na dā. == Duba sauran bayanai ==   * Cikakken lambobin yabo * Jerin miya na wake * Jerin miya == Manazarta == 6iee05h5zjke5000kes13833eg1frnl 0 87642 547984 542568 2024-11-28T22:42:25Z Tafoki5252 30926 547984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abinci na [[Moroko|Maroko]] (Arabic) shine '''Abincin Moroko''', wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar hulɗa da musayar tare da al'adu da kasashe da yawa a cikin ƙarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2007 |title=The Art of Moroccan Cuisine |url=http://fescooking.com/come-cook-with-us/the-art-of-moroccan-cuisine}}</ref> Abincin Moroko yawanci cakuda ne na Larabawa, Berber, Andalusi, da kuma abincin Bahar Rum, tare da ƙananan tasirin Turai (Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya) da kuma yankin Sahara. Kamar sauran [[Abincin Maghrebi]], abincin Moroko yana da alaƙa da Abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya fiye da sauran yankunan [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Afirka]]. A cewar mai dafa abinci na Moroko kuma mai binciken abinci {{Interlanguage link|Hossin Houari|ary|الحسين الهواري}} [ary], tsoffin alamun abinci na Marok da har yanzu ana iya lura da su a yau sun koma na 7 BC.<ref name="moroccanchefs">{{Cite web |date=21 January 2019 |title=Best Moroccan Chefs honored on a TV program, interview with Hossin Houari |url=https://2m.ma/ar/news/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-20190121/ |language=ar,ary}}</ref> An haramta cin naman alade ga Musulmai a Maroko, daidai da dokokin abinci na Islama. == Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su == Maroko tana samar da 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu masu yawa na Bahar Rum, da kuma kayayyakin wurare masu zafi kamar kwari. Naman da aka saba da shi sun hada da naman sa, awaki, [[Rago|ragon da ɗan rago]], wanda, tare da kaza da abincin teku, suna aiki a matsayin tushe don abinci. Abubuwan da ke da ɗanɗano sun haɗa da lemun tsami, man argan, man shanu da aka adana (smen), Man zaitun, da busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa. Babban hatsi a yau shinkafa ne da alkama, ana amfani da su don burodi da couscous, kodayake har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, [[sha'ir]] ya kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci, musamman a kudu. Ana yawan cin inabi sabo, a matsayin kayan zaki; amfani da ruwan inabi kusan 1 lita ne kawai a kowace shekara. Fatsun dafa abinci na gargajiya shine man shanu da kitsen dabba, kodayake man zaitun yanzu yana maye gurbin su. Ana amfani da man shanu duka sabo, ''zebeda'', da kuma adanawa, ''smen''. == Abincin ɗanɗano == Ana amfani da kayan yaji da Ras el hanout sosai a cikin abincin Maroko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is Baharat Spice? - Baharat vs. Ras el Hanout |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-baharat-spice-2355809}}</ref> Kodayake an shigo da wasu kayan yaji zuwa Maroko ta hanyar [[Larabawa]], suna gabatar da tasirin dafa abinci na Farisa da Larabci, sinadaran da yawa - kamar saffron daga Talaouine, mint da zaitun daga [[Ameknas|Meknes]], da orange da lemun tsami daga [[Fas|Fes]] - ana shuka su a gida, kuma ana fitar da su. Bayan [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrissids]] sun kafa [[Fas|Fes]] a cikin 789, wanda ya fi yawa a Al'adun Larabawa, an kawo kayan yaji da yawa daga gabas. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da cinnamon, cumin, turmeric, [[Citta|ginger]], paprika, Coriander, saffron, mace, cloves, fennel, [[Anise]], Nutmeg, Cayenne pepper, fenugreek, caraway, black pepper da sesame seeds. An haɗa kayan yaji ashirin da bakwai don cakuda kayan yaji na Maroko ''Ras el hanout''. Shuke-shuke na yau da kullun a cikin abincin Maroko sun haɗa da mint, parsley, Coriander, Oregon, peppermint, marjoram, verbena, sage da Bay laurel. == Tsarin abinci == [[Fayil:خذنجال_وسلو.jpg|thumb|''Khudenjal'', shayi na ganye wanda ya dogara da ''Alpinia officinarum,'' da nau'ikan selou guda biyu a [[Jema el-Fnaa|Jemaa el-Fnaa]] a Marrakesh.]] Kayan cin abincin rana na yau da kullun yana farawa da jerin salads masu zafi da sanyi, sannan ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' ko dwaz. Sau da yawa, don abinci na yau da kullun, abincin ɗan rago ko kaza na gaba ne, ko couscous da aka rufe da nama da kayan lambu. A al'ada, Maroko suna cin abinci da hannayensu kuma suna amfani da burodi. Amfani da naman alade da barasa ba abu ne mai yawa ba saboda Ƙuntatawa na addini. == Babban abinci == [[Fayil:كسكس_بالخضار_والتفاية.jpg|left|thumb|[[Couscous]] tare da kayan lambu, nama, da ''tfaya'', kayan lambu ne na albasa, ruwan inabi, sukari, man shanu, da cinnamon.]] Babban abincin Maroko da aka fi sani da shi shine [[couscous]]; Ɗan rago shine nama da aka fi cinyewa a Maroko, yawanci ana cinye shi a cikin ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' tare da zaɓi mai yawa na kayan lambu. Ana amfani da kaza sosai a cikin ''tagines'' ko gasa. Suna kuma amfani da ƙarin sinadaran kamar furotin, ƙwai da aka dafa, da lemun tsami. Kamar abincin su na kasa, ''tagine'' yana da ɗanɗano na musamman na sanannun kayan yaji kamar saffron, cumin, cinnamon, ginger, da cilantro, da kuma jan albasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Food, Morocco Travel Guide |url=https://www.desertmoroccoadventure.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Morocco-Travel-Guide-DMA.pdf |publisher=Desert Morocco Adventure}}</ref> Abinci na Maroko yana da wadataccen abincin teku. An kama pilchard na Turai da yawa amma yana raguwa. Sauran nau'ikan kifi sun haɗa da mackerel, anchovy, sardinella, da mackeral na doki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Sardine FAO 34 |url=http://fisheryimprovementprojects.org/fip/moroccan-sardine-2/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Fishery Improvement Projects}}</ref> Sauran shahararrun abinci na Maroko sune pastilla (wanda aka rubuta ''basteeya'' ko bestilla), <nowiki><i id="mwqw">tanjia</i></nowiki>, da ''rfissa'' . [[Fayil:TAGINE_COOKED_CHICKEN_AND_VEGETABLES_WITH_MINT_TEA_IN_JEMAA_EL_FNA_SQUARE_MARRAKECH_MOROCCO_APRIL_2013_(8704488002).jpg|left|thumb|Kayan kaza da kayan lambu da aka dafa tare da shayi na mint da Khobz el-dâr.]] Babban bangare na abincin yau da kullun shine burodi. Gurasa a Maroko galibi ana yin ta ne daga semolina na alkama da aka sani da <nowiki><i id="mwtw">Khobz</i></nowiki> . Gidajen burodi sun zama ruwan dare a ko'ina cikin Maroko kuma sabo ne mai mahimmanci a kowane birni, gari, da ƙauye. Mafi yawanci shine ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi ko burodi mai farar gari ko baguettes. Har ila yau, akwai gurasa mai laushi da yawa da gurasar da ba a dafa ba. Bugu da kari, akwai nama mai gishiri da nama mai gishirin da aka adana kamar su khlea da g'did (ainihin naman [[Rago|tumaki]]), waɗanda ake amfani da su don dandana ''tagines'' ko amfani da su a cikin el ''Rghaif'', pancake mai ɗanɗano na Maroko. == Soup == ''[[Harira]]'', wani nau'i mai nauyi, ana cinye shi a lokacin hunturu don dumi kuma yawanci ana ba da shi don abincin dare. Yawanci ana cinye shi tare da burodi mai sauƙi ko tare da kwanakin a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''[[Bissara]]'' babban sopo ne na wake wanda kuma ake cinyewa a lokacin watanni masu sanyi na shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Valenta |first=Kyle |date=June 23, 2016 |title=How to eat breakfast like a local around the world - Provided By Advertising Publications |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nwshowcase/journeys/how-to-eat-breakfast-like-a-local-around-the-world/ |access-date=September 6, 2016 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}}</ref> Beboush, mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗana, kayan abinci ne na gargajiya a cikin abincin Maroko.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-26 |title=Moroccan Cuisine: The Ultimate Guide of the Best 25 foods! |url=https://www.marrakechgo.com/savoring-moroccan-cuisine-moroccan-food/ |access-date=2023-10-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> An yi shi ne ta hanyar dafa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin broth mai ƙanshi wanda aka haɗa da kayan ƙanshi, gami da kumin, coriander, da mint. [[Fayil:Salade_asortie_Beni_Mellal,_Morocco.jpg|thumb|''Salad asorti'', ya yi aiki a Beni Mellal]] Salad sun hada da kayan lambu da kayan lambobi, ana ba da su zafi ko sanyi.<ref name="zeldes" /> Sun hada da ''Zaalouk,'' aubergine da [[Tumatir|Tumar]] cakuda, da kuma ''Hituka'' (haɗewar tumatir, hayaki mai hayaki, tafarnuwa, da kayan yaji) halayyar biranen Taza da Fes, a cikin Atlas.<ref name="zeldes">{{Cite web |last=Zeldes |first=Leah A. |date=Jan 12, 2024 |title=Eat this! Zaalouk, a cooked salad from Morocco |url=https://privatedeserttours.com/authentic-moroccan-cuisine/ |website=Authentic Moroccan Cuisine |publisher=Private Desert Tours}}</ref> Wani salatin sanyi ana kiransa ''bakoula'', ko ''khoubiza'', wanda ya kunshi ganyen mallow da aka gasa, amma kuma ana iya yin shi da spinach ko arugula, tare da parsley, cilantro, lemun tsami, man zaitun, da zaitun. == Abincin cin abinci == [[Fayil:Moroccan_cookies_seller_marrakech.jpg|thumb|Mai sayar da kukis na gargajiya na Maroko a tsohuwar Madina a Marrakech]] Yawancin lokaci, ana ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa na yanayi maimakon kayan zaki a ƙarshen abinci. Abincin zaki na yau da kullun shine ''kaab da ghzal'' ({{Lang|ar|كعب الغزال}}, ƙafar gaselle), burodi da aka cika da almond paste kuma an rufe shi da sukari. Wani kuma shine ''halwa Chebakia'', gurasar da aka dafa da siffar pretzel, an tsoma shi cikin zuma kuma an yayyafa shi da tsaba na sesame; ana cin shi a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''Jowhara'' abinci ne mai ɗanɗano na musamman na Fes, wanda aka yi da gasawar ''waraq'', cream, da sassan almond. Kayan kwalliya na kwakwa, 'Zucre Coco', ma sanannu ne. == Abincin Ruwa == Maroko tana da fiye da kilomita 3000 na bakin teku. &nbsp;Akwai yalwar kifi a cikin waɗannan ruwan bakin teku tare da sardine yana da mahimmanci a kasuwanci kamar yadda Maroko ita ce babbar mai fitarwa a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Fishery Products Exports on the World Market |url=https://www.finances.gov.ma/Docs/2012/depf/7405_etude_aout2012.pdf}}</ref> An yi amfani da Sardines a cikin samar da garum a Lixus. A kasuwannin kifi na Maroko, mutum na iya samun sole, swordfish, tuna, turbot, mackerel, shrimp, conger eel, skate, red snapper, spider crab, lobster da kuma nau'ikan mollusks. A cikin abincin Maroko, ana haɗa abincin teku a cikin, da sauransu, tajines, <nowiki><i id="mwARQ">bastilla</i></nowiki>, ''briouat'', da ''paella''. [[Fayil:السوق_المركزي_فواكه_البحر.jpg|thumb|Abincin teku don sayarwa a Babban Kasuwar [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]Kasuwar Tsakiya]] == Abin sha == [[Fayil:Moroccan_mint_tea_on_a_traditional_tray.jpg|thumb|shayi na mint na Morocco]] [[Fayil:كرواصن_بيستاش_مع_نص-نص.jpg|thumb|Wani pistachio croissant ya yi aiki tare da ''nuṣ-nuṣ'' ({{Lang|ary|نص-نص}} "rabi-rabi," wani nau'in Moroccan na cafe crème), ya yi aiki a wani cafe a Casablanca.]] Abin sha mafi mashahuri shine shayi na mint na Morocco, wanda ake kira atay. A al'ada, yin shayi mai kyau a Maroko ana ɗaukarsa nau'in fasaha kuma shan shi tare da abokai da iyali sau da yawa al'adar yau da kullun ce. Hanyar zuba ruwa tana da mahimmanci kamar ingancin shayi da kansa. Ginin shayi na Maroko yana da tsawo, gogewa mai laushi kuma wannan yana ba da damar zuba shayi daidai a cikin ƙananan tabarau daga tsawo. Don mafi kyawun dandano, ana cika tabarau a matakai biyu. Marokowa suna son shayi tare da kumfa, don haka yayin da suke zuba suna riƙe da tukunyar shayi sama da tabarau. A ƙarshe, shayi yana tare da sukari mai wuya ko kumfa.[1] Maroko tana da yalwar orange da tangerines, don haka ruwan orange yana da sauƙin samu kuma yana da arha. == Abincin cin abinci da sauri == Sayar da abinci mai sauri a kan titi ya daɗe yana da al'ada, kuma misali mafi kyau shine filin Djemaa el Fna a [[Marrakesh|Marrakech]]. ''Ma'quda'' mai cin nama ne wanda ya shahara tsakanin dalibai da mutanen da ba su da wadata, musamman a [[Fas|Fes]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-07 |title=فيديو.."المعقودة"..تعرف على قصة أشهر أكلة فاسية شعبية.. أكلة " الطلبة وأولاد الشعب" |url=https://www.febrayer.com/679681.html |access-date=2021-11-09 |website=فبراير.كوم {{!}} موقع مغربي إخباري شامل يتجدد على مدار الساعة |language=en-US}}</ref> Farawa a cikin shekarun 1980s, sabbin gidajen cin abinci, da farko a arewa, sun fara ba da bocadillos (kalma ta [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]] don sandwich). Kasuwancin Kayan madara da ake kira ''Mhlaba'' ({{Lang|ar|محْلَبة}}), sun zama ruwan dare a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wadannan shagunan madara gabaɗaya suna ba da kowane nau'in kayan madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, smoothies, da kayan gida kamar su bocadillos, ''[[M'semen|Msemmen]]'' da ''harcha''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dairy Development in Morocco |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al746e/al746e00.pdf |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization}}</ref> ''Khanz u-bnīn'' ({{Lang|ar|خانز وبنين}} "mai ƙanshi da mai daɗi") sandwich ne mai arha kuma sananne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-10 |title=ربورتاج … عشـاق "خانـز وبنيـن" - جريدة الصباح |url=https://assabah.ma/287880.html |access-date=2021-03-15 |website=assabah.ma |language=ar}}</ref> Wani shahararren abinci na titi a Maroko <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vacation in Morocco |url=https://www.moroccan.vacations/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Moroccan Vacation}}</ref> shine kwari, ana ba da su a cikin ruwan su a cikin ƙananan kwanon rufi, kuma ana cinye su ta amfani da takalmin hakora. A ƙarshen shekarun 1990s, yawancin kamfanonin abinci masu sauri sun buɗe gidajen cin abinci a manyan birane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fast Food in Morocco |url=http://www.euromonitor.com/fast-food-in-morocco/report |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Euromonitor International}}</ref> == Abinci == Daga cikin wadanda suka kawo abincin Maroko ga masu sauraro da yawa sune mai dafa abinci na TV Choumicha da Al-Amīn al-Hajj Mustafa an-Nakīr, mai dafa abinci ga tsohon sarki na Maroko Hassan II. == Dubi kuma ==    == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2rbeajuw1bxcmxh4wa2x71p65pjwkwk 548011 547984 2024-11-28T22:59:46Z Tafoki5252 30926 548011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abinci na [[Moroko|Maroko]] (Arabic) shine '''Abincin Moroko''', wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar hulɗa da musayar tare da al'adu da kasashe da yawa a cikin ƙarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2007 |title=The Art of Moroccan Cuisine |url=http://fescooking.com/come-cook-with-us/the-art-of-moroccan-cuisine}}</ref> Abincin Moroko yawanci cakuda ne na Larabawa, Berber, Andalusi, da kuma abincin Bahar Rum, tare da ƙananan tasirin Turai (Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya) da kuma yankin Sahara. Kamar sauran [[Abincin Maghrebi]], abincin Moroko yana da alaƙa da Abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya fiye da sauran yankunan [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Afirka]]. A cewar mai dafa abinci na Moroko kuma mai binciken abinci {{Interlanguage link|Hossin Houari|ary|الحسين الهواري}} [ary], tsoffin alamun abinci na Marok da har yanzu ana iya lura da su a yau sun koma na 7 BC.<ref name="moroccanchefs">{{Cite web |date=21 January 2019 |title=Best Moroccan Chefs honored on a TV program, interview with Hossin Houari |url=https://2m.ma/ar/news/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-20190121/ |language=ar,ary}}</ref> An haramta cin naman alade ga Musulmai a Maroko, daidai da dokokin abinci na Islama. == Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su == Moroko tana samar da 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu masu yawa na Bahar Rum, da kuma kayayyakin wurare masu zafi kamar kwari. Naman da aka saba da shi sun hada da naman sa, awaki, [[Rago|ragon da ɗan rago]], wanda, tare da kaza da abincin teku, suna aiki a matsayin tushe don abinci. Abubuwan da ke da ɗanɗano sun haɗa da lemun tsami, man argan, man shanu da aka adana (smen), Man zaitun, da busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa. Babban hatsi a yau shinkafa ne da alkama, ana amfani da su don burodi da couscous, kodayake har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, [[sha'ir]] ya kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci, musamman a kudu. Ana yawan cin inabi sabo, a matsayin kayan zaki; amfani da ruwan inabi kusan 1 lita ne kawai a kowace shekara. Fatsun dafa abinci na gargajiya shine man shanu da kitsen dabba, kodayake man zaitun yanzu yana maye gurbin su. Ana amfani da man shanu duka sabo, ''zebeda'', da kuma adanawa, ''smen''. == Abincin ɗanɗano == Ana amfani da kayan yaji da Ras el hanout sosai a cikin abincin Maroko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is Baharat Spice? - Baharat vs. Ras el Hanout |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-baharat-spice-2355809}}</ref> Duk da yake ta kadance ana shigo da wasu kayan yaji zuwa Maroko ta hanyar [[Larabawa]], suna gabatar da tasirin dafa abinci na Farisa da Larabci, sinadaran da yawa - kamar saffron daga Talaouine, mint da zaitun daga [[Ameknas|Meknes]], da orange da lemun tsami daga [[Fas|Fes]] - ana shuka su a gida, kuma ana fitar da su. Bayan [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrissids]] sun kafa [[Fas|Fes]] a cikin 789, wanda ya fi yawa a Al'adun Larabawa, an kawo kayan yaji da yawa daga gabas. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da cinnamon, cumin, turmeric, [[Citta|ginger]], paprika, Coriander, saffron, mace, cloves, fennel, [[Anise]], Nutmeg, Cayenne pepper, fenugreek, caraway, black pepper da sesame seeds. An haɗa kayan yaji ashirin da bakwai don cakuda kayan yaji na Maroko ''Ras el hanout''. Shuke-shuke na yau da kullun a cikin abincin Maroko sun haɗa da mint, parsley, Coriander, Oregon, peppermint, marjoram, verbena, sage da Bay laurel. == Tsarin abinci == [[Fayil:خذنجال_وسلو.jpg|thumb|''Khudenjal'', shayi na ganye wanda ya dogara da ''Alpinia officinarum,'' da nau'ikan selou guda biyu a [[Jema el-Fnaa|Jemaa el-Fnaa]] a Marrakesh.]] Kayan cin abincin rana na yau da kullun yana farawa da jerin salads masu zafi da sanyi, sannan ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' ko dwaz. Sau da yawa, don abinci na yau da kullun, abincin ɗan rago ko kaza na gaba ne, ko couscous da aka rufe da nama da kayan lambu. A al'ada, Maroko suna cin abinci da hannayensu kuma suna amfani da burodi. Amfani da naman alade da barasa ba abu ne mai yawa ba saboda Ƙuntatawa na addini. == Babban abinci == [[Fayil:كسكس_بالخضار_والتفاية.jpg|left|thumb|[[Couscous]] tare da kayan lambu, nama, da ''tfaya'', kayan lambu ne na albasa, ruwan inabi, sukari, man shanu, da cinnamon.]] Babban abincin Maroko da aka fi sani da shi shine [[couscous]]; Ɗan rago shine nama da aka fi cinyewa a Maroko, yawanci ana cinye shi a cikin ''[[Tajine|tagine]]'' tare da zaɓi mai yawa na kayan lambu. Ana amfani da kaza sosai a cikin ''tagines'' ko gasa. Suna kuma amfani da ƙarin sinadaran kamar furotin, ƙwai da aka dafa, da lemun tsami. Kamar abincin su na kasa, ''tagine'' yana da ɗanɗano na musamman na sanannun kayan yaji kamar saffron, cumin, cinnamon, ginger, da cilantro, da kuma jan albasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Food, Morocco Travel Guide |url=https://www.desertmoroccoadventure.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Morocco-Travel-Guide-DMA.pdf |publisher=Desert Morocco Adventure}}</ref> Abinci na Maroko yana da wadataccen abincin teku. An kama pilchard na Turai da yawa amma yana raguwa. Sauran nau'ikan kifi sun haɗa da mackerel, anchovy, sardinella, da mackeral na doki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Sardine FAO 34 |url=http://fisheryimprovementprojects.org/fip/moroccan-sardine-2/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Fishery Improvement Projects}}</ref> Sauran shahararrun abinci na Maroko sune pastilla (wanda aka rubuta ''basteeya'' ko bestilla), <nowiki><i id="mwqw">tanjia</i></nowiki>, da ''rfissa'' . [[Fayil:TAGINE_COOKED_CHICKEN_AND_VEGETABLES_WITH_MINT_TEA_IN_JEMAA_EL_FNA_SQUARE_MARRAKECH_MOROCCO_APRIL_2013_(8704488002).jpg|left|thumb|Kayan kaza da kayan lambu da aka dafa tare da shayi na mint da Khobz el-dâr.]] Babban bangare na abincin yau da kullun shine burodi. Gurasa a Maroko galibi ana yin ta ne daga semolina na alkama da aka sani da <nowiki><i id="mwtw">Khobz</i></nowiki> . Gidajen burodi sun zama ruwan dare a ko'ina cikin Maroko kuma sabo ne mai mahimmanci a kowane birni, gari, da ƙauye. Mafi yawanci shine ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi ko burodi mai farar gari ko baguettes. Har ila yau, akwai gurasa mai laushi da yawa da gurasar da ba a dafa ba. Bugu da kari, akwai nama mai gishiri da nama mai gishirin da aka adana kamar su khlea da g'did (ainihin naman [[Rago|tumaki]]), waɗanda ake amfani da su don dandana ''tagines'' ko amfani da su a cikin el ''Rghaif'', pancake mai ɗanɗano na Maroko. == Soup == ''[[Harira]]'', wani nau'i mai nauyi, ana cinye shi a lokacin hunturu don dumi kuma yawanci ana ba da shi don abincin dare. Yawanci ana cinye shi tare da burodi mai sauƙi ko tare da kwanakin a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''[[Bissara]]'' babban sopo ne na wake wanda kuma ake cinyewa a lokacin watanni masu sanyi na shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Valenta |first=Kyle |date=June 23, 2016 |title=How to eat breakfast like a local around the world - Provided By Advertising Publications |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nwshowcase/journeys/how-to-eat-breakfast-like-a-local-around-the-world/ |access-date=September 6, 2016 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}}</ref> Beboush, mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗana, kayan abinci ne na gargajiya a cikin abincin Maroko.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-26 |title=Moroccan Cuisine: The Ultimate Guide of the Best 25 foods! |url=https://www.marrakechgo.com/savoring-moroccan-cuisine-moroccan-food/ |access-date=2023-10-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> An yi shi ne ta hanyar dafa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin broth mai ƙanshi wanda aka haɗa da kayan ƙanshi, gami da kumin, coriander, da mint. [[Fayil:Salade_asortie_Beni_Mellal,_Morocco.jpg|thumb|''Salad asorti'', ya yi aiki a Beni Mellal]] Salad sun hada da kayan lambu da kayan lambobi, ana ba da su zafi ko sanyi.<ref name="zeldes" /> Sun hada da ''Zaalouk,'' aubergine da [[Tumatir|Tumar]] cakuda, da kuma ''Hituka'' (haɗewar tumatir, hayaki mai hayaki, tafarnuwa, da kayan yaji) halayyar biranen Taza da Fes, a cikin Atlas.<ref name="zeldes">{{Cite web |last=Zeldes |first=Leah A. |date=Jan 12, 2024 |title=Eat this! Zaalouk, a cooked salad from Morocco |url=https://privatedeserttours.com/authentic-moroccan-cuisine/ |website=Authentic Moroccan Cuisine |publisher=Private Desert Tours}}</ref> Wani salatin sanyi ana kiransa ''bakoula'', ko ''khoubiza'', wanda ya kunshi ganyen mallow da aka gasa, amma kuma ana iya yin shi da spinach ko arugula, tare da parsley, cilantro, lemun tsami, man zaitun, da zaitun. == Abincin cin abinci == [[Fayil:Moroccan_cookies_seller_marrakech.jpg|thumb|Mai sayar da kukis na gargajiya na Maroko a tsohuwar Madina a Marrakech]] Yawancin lokaci, ana ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa na yanayi maimakon kayan zaki a ƙarshen abinci. Abincin zaki na yau da kullun shine ''kaab da ghzal'' ({{Lang|ar|كعب الغزال}}, ƙafar gaselle), burodi da aka cika da almond paste kuma an rufe shi da sukari. Wani kuma shine ''halwa Chebakia'', gurasar da aka dafa da siffar pretzel, an tsoma shi cikin zuma kuma an yayyafa shi da tsaba na sesame; ana cin shi a lokacin watan Ramadan. ''Jowhara'' abinci ne mai ɗanɗano na musamman na Fes, wanda aka yi da gasawar ''waraq'', cream, da sassan almond. Kayan kwalliya na kwakwa, 'Zucre Coco', ma sanannu ne. == Abincin Ruwa == Maroko tana da fiye da kilomita 3000 na bakin teku. &nbsp;Akwai yalwar kifi a cikin waɗannan ruwan bakin teku tare da sardine yana da mahimmanci a kasuwanci kamar yadda Maroko ita ce babbar mai fitarwa a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moroccan Fishery Products Exports on the World Market |url=https://www.finances.gov.ma/Docs/2012/depf/7405_etude_aout2012.pdf}}</ref> An yi amfani da Sardines a cikin samar da garum a Lixus. A kasuwannin kifi na Maroko, mutum na iya samun sole, swordfish, tuna, turbot, mackerel, shrimp, conger eel, skate, red snapper, spider crab, lobster da kuma nau'ikan mollusks. A cikin abincin Maroko, ana haɗa abincin teku a cikin, da sauransu, tajines, <nowiki><i id="mwARQ">bastilla</i></nowiki>, ''briouat'', da ''paella''. [[Fayil:السوق_المركزي_فواكه_البحر.jpg|thumb|Abincin teku don sayarwa a Babban Kasuwar [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]Kasuwar Tsakiya]] == Abin sha == [[Fayil:Moroccan_mint_tea_on_a_traditional_tray.jpg|thumb|shayi na mint na Morocco]] [[Fayil:كرواصن_بيستاش_مع_نص-نص.jpg|thumb|Wani pistachio croissant ya yi aiki tare da ''nuṣ-nuṣ'' ({{Lang|ary|نص-نص}} "rabi-rabi," wani nau'in Moroccan na cafe crème), ya yi aiki a wani cafe a Casablanca.]] Abin sha mafi mashahuri shine shayi na mint na Morocco, wanda ake kira atay. A al'ada, yin shayi mai kyau a Maroko ana ɗaukarsa nau'in fasaha kuma shan shi tare da abokai da iyali sau da yawa al'adar yau da kullun ce. Hanyar zuba ruwa tana da mahimmanci kamar ingancin shayi da kansa. Ginin shayi na Maroko yana da tsawo, gogewa mai laushi kuma wannan yana ba da damar zuba shayi daidai a cikin ƙananan tabarau daga tsawo. Don mafi kyawun dandano, ana cika tabarau a matakai biyu. Marokowa suna son shayi tare da kumfa, don haka yayin da suke zuba suna riƙe da tukunyar shayi sama da tabarau. A ƙarshe, shayi yana tare da sukari mai wuya ko kumfa.[1] Maroko tana da yalwar orange da tangerines, don haka ruwan orange yana da sauƙin samu kuma yana da arha. == Abincin cin abinci da sauri == Sayar da abinci mai sauri a kan titi ya daɗe yana da al'ada, kuma misali mafi kyau shine filin Djemaa el Fna a [[Marrakesh|Marrakech]]. ''Ma'quda'' mai cin nama ne wanda ya shahara tsakanin dalibai da mutanen da ba su da wadata, musamman a [[Fas|Fes]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-07 |title=فيديو.."المعقودة"..تعرف على قصة أشهر أكلة فاسية شعبية.. أكلة " الطلبة وأولاد الشعب" |url=https://www.febrayer.com/679681.html |access-date=2021-11-09 |website=فبراير.كوم {{!}} موقع مغربي إخباري شامل يتجدد على مدار الساعة |language=en-US}}</ref> Farawa a cikin shekarun 1980s, sabbin gidajen cin abinci, da farko a arewa, sun fara ba da bocadillos (kalma ta [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]] don sandwich). Kasuwancin Kayan madara da ake kira ''Mhlaba'' ({{Lang|ar|محْلَبة}}), sun zama ruwan dare a duk faɗin ƙasar. Wadannan shagunan madara gabaɗaya suna ba da kowane nau'in kayan madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, smoothies, da kayan gida kamar su bocadillos, ''[[M'semen|Msemmen]]'' da ''harcha''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dairy Development in Morocco |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al746e/al746e00.pdf |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization}}</ref> ''Khanz u-bnīn'' ({{Lang|ar|خانز وبنين}} "mai ƙanshi da mai daɗi") sandwich ne mai arha kuma sananne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-10 |title=ربورتاج … عشـاق "خانـز وبنيـن" - جريدة الصباح |url=https://assabah.ma/287880.html |access-date=2021-03-15 |website=assabah.ma |language=ar}}</ref> Wani shahararren abinci na titi a Maroko <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vacation in Morocco |url=https://www.moroccan.vacations/ |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Moroccan Vacation}}</ref> shine kwari, ana ba da su a cikin ruwan su a cikin ƙananan kwanon rufi, kuma ana cinye su ta amfani da takalmin hakora. A ƙarshen shekarun 1990s, yawancin kamfanonin abinci masu sauri sun buɗe gidajen cin abinci a manyan birane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fast Food in Morocco |url=http://www.euromonitor.com/fast-food-in-morocco/report |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=Euromonitor International}}</ref> == Abinci == Daga cikin wadanda suka kawo abincin Maroko ga masu sauraro da yawa sune mai dafa abinci na TV Choumicha da Al-Amīn al-Hajj Mustafa an-Nakīr, mai dafa abinci ga tsohon sarki na Maroko Hassan II. == Dubi kuma ==    == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6xla87tbl1ubht2itsv3dymrh2c5e1l 0 88103 548045 546839 2024-11-29T00:44:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Bayheadmod.jpg|right|thumb|209x209px|Siren Modulator na Tarayya a Bay Head, New Jersey.]] Federal Signal Modulators (wanda aka fi sani da Modulator Speaker Arrays) na'urorin gargadi ne na lantarki da Kamfanin Sigina na Tarayya ya samar waɗanda ake amfani da su don faɗakar da jama'a game da [[guguwa]], Yanayi mai tsanani, girgizar ƙasa, [[Wuta|gobara]], lahars, tsunami, ko duk wani bala'i. An gano su galibi ta hanyar ƙirar "tsuntsu mai tashi" na musamman. Ana sayar da Modulator II bisa ga mafi ƙarancin chassis na Siren idan aka kwatanta da na asali Modulators. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Modulator ɗin ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin masu magana (daga biyu zuwa takwas, ban da bakwai) waɗanda ke ƙunshe da direbobi masu magana huɗu a kowace tantanin halitta, kodayake samfuran biyu (model 6032 da 6048) suna da ƙarin direbobi lokacin da ake samar da su. Modulators suna da tantanin magana mara aiki (dummy) a kasan tarin wanda ake amfani dashi don taimakawa aikin sauti a kowane bangare. Saboda ƙirar ƙwayoyin halitta masu aiki, za a sami rarrabawar sauti mara daidaituwa ba tare da tantanin halitta mara aiki ba. Modulators da ake yi yanzu suna amfani da mai kula da UltraVoice. Lokacin da aka fara yin su, an yi amfani da su tare da Modulator Control Plus (MPC) da kuma na asali / misali Modulator Controls. == Misalai == Lambobin samfurin modulator suna nuna yawan sel, da kuma yawan direbobi. Iyalin farko na jerin masu daidaitawa sun kunshi samfuran daban-daban guda takwas, kamar haka: 1004, 2008, 3012, 3024, 4016, 5020, 6024, 6032, da 6048. A watan Janairun 2013, Alamar Tarayya ta fitar da siren Modulator II, wanda ya kunshi samfuran 1004B, 2008B, 3012B, 4016B, 5020B, 6024B, da 8032B. Suna samar da fasahar faɗakarwa iri ɗaya kamar na asali, ban da ƙaramin ƙaramin chassis da ƙwayoyin cylindrical maimakon na elliptical.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Modulator® High-Powered Speaker Array |url=https://www.fedsig.com/product/modulator%C2%AE-ii-electronic-siren-series |access-date=January 30, 2019 |publisher=[[Federal Signal Corporation]]}}</ref> == Sautin gargadi == Kamar yadda aka yi da Tarayyar Tarayya ta Tarayyar Hargadi ta Tarayya ta Tarayye ta Tarayyaa ta Tarayyu ta Tarayyen Tarayyar. Sautunan sautin guda bakwai sune Wail, Alternate Wail, Pulsed Wail, Steady, Alternate Steady, Pulsed Steady da Westminster Chimes . <ref name="uvmanual">{{Cite web |title=UltraVoice Installation, Operation and Service Manual |url=https://www.fedsig.com/resource-document/file/9387 |access-date=January 30, 2019 |publisher=[[Federal Signal Corporation]] }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Idan an sanye shi da kyau, Modulator na iya amfani da sanarwar murya don ba da takamaiman bayani ko don ba da kyakkyawar fahimta game da yanayin gaggawa. An kuma san su da yin wasa da Star Spangled Banner a lokacin gwaje-gwaje a ranar 4 ga Yuli, da kuma a sansanonin soja. Ana iya kunna sirens ta hanyar rediyo ta amfani da sautin guda ɗaya, sautin biyu, DTMF, MSK ko POCSAG akan tsarin analog, dijital da trunking, ko ta hanyar tauraron dan adam, wayar salula, wayar sallah ko IP. Hakanan suna iya kunnawa ta atomatik ta hanyar Tsarin gargadi na gaggawa.<ref name="uvmanual"/> == Irin wannan na'urori == Modulator yana da irin wannan saitin zuwa Whelen WPS 2700, 2800, 2900, da kuma OmniAlert omnidirectional speaker arrays. Jerin Whelen suna da sel din direba guda ɗaya, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-08-13 |title=Mass Notification - Whelen Engineering |url=https://www.whelen.com/_MASSNOTIFICATION/omnisirn.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813211754/https://www.whelen.com/_MASSNOTIFICATION/omnisirn.php |archive-date=2009-08-13 |access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> yayin da Modulators suna da sel masu direba da yawa. Siren siginar I-Force na Amurka, wanda ke amfani da ɗakunan, sel masu magana da ke ba da sauti, yana kama da Modulator. == Wuraren da aka sani == Modulators a cikin tsarin siren na Chicago da aka yi amfani da su a kan sautin Alternate Wail a lokacin gargadi na guguwa don bambanta da siren motar gaggawa. Koyaya, a Filin jirgin saman O'Hare, maimakon amfani da babban UV Wail ko Attack, suna amfani da katin sauti na Eclipse 8 (watakila) yin hari. Kafin wannan shine Westminster Chimes da murya. Birnin Chicago ba ya yin yanayin Sauran Wail, kuma an maye gurbinsa da yanayin Attack a ƙarshen 2010s. Birnin Moore, Oklahoma sananne ne ga Modulators da aka sanya kusa da juna idan aka kwatanta da sauran biranen. An sanya su ne kawai rabin mil daga juna a wasu sassan birnin. Har zuwa shekara ta 2017, wasu sirens sun gudana a kan babban gargadi na uku na sautin biyu. Baytown, Texas na ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan birane a Amurka don samun cikakken tsarin Modulators. Birnin yana amfani da sama da ashirin 5020s da 5020Bs, da farko don sanar da sakin sinadarai. Sautin gargadi alama ce ta Hi-Lo ta al'ada. An san Modulators a Olmsted County, Minnesota da sanarwar muryarsu ta kafin gwaji da bayan gwajin, da kuma kasancewa a cikin wuraren shakatawa kawai. An san Modulators a Monroe County, Michigan da sanarwar muryarsu kafin gwajin. Akwai wani na musamman "rainbow" Modulator located in Monroe County. Eden Prairie, Minnesota tana da Modulator 5020 na musamman a saman garage wanda ke da sautin kai hari na al'ada wanda ba za a iya samunsa a kan wasu Modulators ba. Wannan Modulator bai taba yin sanarwar murya ba, wanda shine daya daga cikin manyan dalilan da wasu biranen suka saka hannun jari a cikinsu. Bugu da ƙari, a Cape Town, [[Afirka ta Kudu]], an shigar da sirens da yawa na Modulator waɗanda ke amfani da sautin murya don faɗakar da 'yan ƙasa a cikin Melkbosstrand, Duynefontein, Blaauwberg, Table View, Robben Island, Atlantis, Philadelphia da Parklands idan akwai wani gaggawa wanda zai iya faruwa a Koeberg Nuclear Power Station. Ana gwada waɗannan Modulators na kimanin awa ɗaya a kowace shekara a ranar [[Laraba]] ta farko ta Maris a lokacin abin da ake kira "Full Volume Siren Test" ta amfani da muryar mata da aka riga aka tsara (wanda ke karantawa "Wannan gwaji ne kawai; babu buƙatar ɗaukar kowane mataki. Wannan gwaji ne kawai, babu buƙatar ɗaukar wani mataki. Na maimaita: wannan gwaji ne kawai. Babu buƙatar ɗaukar wani abu don sauraron Good Hope FM ko Kfm don ƙarin bayani") da kuma ana karantawa ta hanyar muryar murya ta hanyar mutane kuma sau da yawa ana kirantawa kamar haka, ana ambaton su ne na Modil<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bordin |first=Elia |date=2018-03-07 |title=Federal Signal Modulator Nuclear Power Station Full Volume Siren Test {{!}} Cape Town, South Africa |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9L081HsVVgg |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030000628/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9L081HsVVgg |archive-date=2020-10-30 |access-date=2018-07-09 |website=YouTube }}</ref> Modulators (MOD-2008 & 1004) sun hada da kusan dukkanin sirens na gargadi a cikin [[Holand|Netherlands]], waɗanda aka gwada a ranar Litinin ta farko ta watan da tsakar rana. Modulators a Saudi Arabia suna cikin Air Force Bases a duka Riyadh da Dammam. Modulators a Branson, Missouri wani lokacin suna amfani da murya ta rayuwa tare da takwarorinsu na Whelen. Yankin Concrete, Washington yana da tsarin 8032B Modulators guda takwas don gargadi game da yiwuwar karyawa a Dam din Kogin Baker. Tsarin yana amfani da sautin "WHOOP" na musamman wanda aka samar da shi ne don layin ƙararrawar wuta na Tarayya. Ana gwada tsarin a ranar Litinin ta biyu ta kowane wata a karfe 6:00 na yamma. [[Alaska]] tana da masu sarrafa siginar Tarayya da yawa da Eclipse 8s a kan All Hazard Siren System. Suna kuma sauti ga tsunami. Suna amfani da 3012s, 6024s da sauran samfuran da za su iya samu. A lokacin gargadi na tsunami, ana kunna sirens a cikin hari bayan sanarwar murya. Langley Air Base yana da Modulators a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin murya mai girma a sansanin Sojojin Sama na gida. An san sirens da yin kira da waƙoƙi da waƙoƙin kiɗa. Suna yin kira kamar The Star Spangled Banner, Wild Blue Yonder, da Taps. [[Hawaii]] tana da tsarin jihar na Green Painted Federal Signal Modulators da Modulator II sirens a duk fadin jihar don gargadi game da tsunami, fashewar dutsen wuta, barazanar bam-bamai da duk wani gaggawa mai haɗari ko bala'o'i. Suna maye gurbin tsarin tsoffin sirens na siginar Tarayya, kamar Thunderbolts, SD-10s, da sauransu, wanda har yanzu kaɗan ne saboda maye gurbin sirens na lantarki. Yawancin Modulators suna da sautin biyu. Har ila yau, tsarin ya ƙunshi EOWS 1212s, EOWS 612s, DSAs, da American Signal I-Forces, galibi suna gudana akan Siratone da UV controls. Wasu I-Forces kuma suna amfani da katunan sauti na UV Modulator. Ana gwada tsarin a kai a kai kuma ana gwada su a cikin gida ta ma'aikatan Hawaii-EMA (s) da kuma jihar baki daya. Ana gwada Modulators a cikin gida, yawanci ana farawa da ma'aikaci da ke samun damar mai sarrafawa. Suna farawa da fasalin PA a kan UV ta hanyar yin sanarwar kai tsaye. Sa'an nan kuma suna gwada kowane sauti a kan katin sauti. [[Pilgrim Nuclear Station|Tashar Nukiliya ta Pilgrim]] da aka dakatar da ita a yanzu a Plymouth, Massachusetts ta yi amfani da Modulators na Siginar Tarayya da EOWS 612s. Har yanzu suna tsaye a halin yanzu har zuwa 2023, duk da cewa an rufe tashar wutar lantarki a cikin 2019. An sanya su a cikin garuruwan Plymouth, Massachusetts, Carver, Massachusetts, Duxbury, Massachusetts da Marshfield, Massachusetts. Modulators din su sun kunshi 5020s, 3012s, 6024s da 5020Bs. Siren EOWS 612 sun kasance wani ɓangare na tsarin SiraTone na asali kuma daga baya an inganta su zuwa kulawar UltraVoice yayin da sabon tsarin ya yi amfani da su. Dukkanin sirens sun yi sauti a cikin saƙon muryar namiji wanda ke cewa "ATTENTION! ATTENTION ! Wannan shine gwajin da aka yi a lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi kawai!" Gwaje-gwaje sun kammala da wani saƙon namiji (murya ɗaya) wanda ya ce "ATTENTION! ATTENTION ! TESTING OF THE EMERGENCY SIREN SYSTEM IS COMPLETE. PLEASE REGARD ANY FURTHER ALARMS. " The Pilgrim Power Plant ba ta taɓa samun wani gaggawa ba, amma idan akwai ɗaya, sirens za su yi sauti a cikin sautin, sannan kuma sanarwar murya. Ya zuwa 2023, sirens har yanzu suna nan, amma ba a san ko suna aiki ba. Koyaya, a cikin garuruwa biyu, suna aiki. Manasquan, New Jersey yana da tsarin MOD-3012s da 6024s. Suna kama da tsarin siren na Chicago saboda suna amfani da siginar da ba a saba gani ba, madadin kuka, amma bayan haka, ya haɗa da saƙon murya wanda ke cewa "Wani ne A EARTHQUAKE. WARNING! TUNE YOUR AM RADIO TO 1620. " saƙon yana maimaita akalla sau da yawa sannan ya buga siginar. Severn Estuary yana da tsarin Modulator da DSA sirens. Tsarin yana gudana a kan masu kula da UltraVoice da MCP. Suna da sautuna daban-daban idan aka kwatanta da na Amurka, mai yiwuwa al'ada. Ana kunna tsarin ta hanyar siginar rediyo a hedkwatar <nowiki>''</nowiki>Yan sanda na Avon da Somerset. Jami'ar Clemson tana da tsarin MOD-5020s, MOD-4016s da 2001s. Suna gwadawa a wannan jadawalin kamar birnin Clemson, tsarin siren na Kudancin Carolina don tashar wutar lantarki da ke kusa. Lokacin gwaji, masu canzawa galibi suna kunna murya da ke cewa "Wannan shine gwajin CAMPUS EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM. Wannan kawai shine gwajin. " wanda ke biye da yanayin hari. Lokacin da aka gano tsawa, masu gyare-gyare suna sauti a cikin hi-lo sannan muryar da ke cewa "LIGHTNING WARNING! CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNIN IS EXPECTEDEDED A cikin AREA. FARSE SEEK SHELTER IMMEDIATELY!" Lokacin da gargadi na guguwa ya faru, Modulators suna sauti a hari, sannan kuma gargadiyar murya ce "A TORNAELYYYY STARSITY ba ta yi amfani da shi don hadari a kusa da shi ba, STARSYYYERSITYYYARSITERSITERM STARS STARS. Dukkanin Modulators suna gudana akan masu kula da UltraVoice. Little Silver, New Jersey yana da tsarin Modulator 2008s guda biyu da 3012. Wadannan Modulators na musamman ne saboda suna kunna rikodin ƙaho na iska na al'ada maimakon fayilolin UV / MCP duk da cewa Little Silver bai taɓa samun ainihin tsarin ƙaho ba kafin Modulators. Wadannan sirens sun maye gurbin Siginar Tarayya SD-10 da Model 2. Ana amfani da waɗannan sirens don kira, jana'iza, tsaron Santa, ambaliyar ruwa, ƙuntatawa, da bala'o'i irin su guguwa da guguwa. Point Pleasant Beach, New Jersey yana da Modulator 3012 wanda ke kunna rikodin Gamewell Diaphone ban da sautin hari na al'ada da aka yi amfani da shi da farko don kira duk da cewa Point Pleasant beach ba ta da Gamewell Diaphones. Koyaya, an maye gurbin 3012 da 3012b a watan Janairun 2024 don haka ba a san ko har yanzu yana da wannan sautin ba. == Masu sarrafawa == An sanya masu sarrafawa da yawa don gudanar da sirens na Modulator. Wadannan sun hada da MC (Modulator Controller), MCP (Modulator Power Plus Controller), da UV (UltraVoice). Tsohon mai kula da SiraTone na iya gudana a kan sirens na Modulator amma an fi amfani da SiraToni a kan siren EOWS Series na gaba. Dukkanin masu sarrafawa da aka gina don Modulators na iya jituwa tare da sirens na EOWS mai gaba, sirens na Modulator II mai gaba, da sirens din DSA. Jerin Modulator II ya fara samarwa a cikin 2013 kuma tsofaffin Modulators sun fara samarwa cikin 1991. Dalilin da ya sa sirens na EOWS zai iya jituwa da waɗannan masu sarrafawa shine saboda EOWS 408, 812, 115, da 1212 sun kasance har zuwa shekara ta 2001. An ci gaba da samar da EOWS 612 ne kawai a kan umarni na musamman har zuwa 3 ga Agusta, 2007. Dukkanin masu sarrafawa 3 ana yin su ko kuma an yi su a lokacin don haka Signal na Tarayya ya yanke shawarar yin sirens na EOWS da ya dace da waɗannan masu sarrafawa. == MC (Modulator Controller) == MC Controller ya fito ne a kusa da 1990 lokacin da ake samar da jerin Modulator. Mai kula da dandamali ne mai sarrafa microprocessor wanda ya yi amfani da dijital, tsarin jihar mai ƙarfi don samar da sigina 7 da Siginar Tarayya ta bayar. Ba kamar SiraTone ba, MC yana da sautunan da aka riga aka ɗora a kan guntu na ROM don haka babu buƙatar janareta na sauti na analog da kewayon lokaci. Audio daga guntu na ROM an tsara shi ta hanyar Tarayyar Tarayya, tare da sautin taimako shine Westminster Chimes ta tsoho sai dai idan abokin ciniki ya nemi sautin daban. Injiniya na iya yin wannan ta amfani da software a shafin, idan sakonnin sakonni sun canza. An kunna tsarin ta hanyar sauti biyu ko ta hanyar DTMF ta hanyar rediyo na ciki na mai kula, a cikin gida ta hanyar maɓalli a cikin lambar lambobi biyu a kan maɓallin mai kula, ko ta hanyar sarrafa mai kula ta hanyar layi. Lokacin amfani da sautin biyu ko DTMF, siren dole ne a "yi amfani da makami" don aiki (sai dai idan an tsara shi ba). Don yin wannan za a fara watsa igiyar hannu ta DTMF ga mai sarrafawa, sannan za a watsa siginar DTMF. Lokacin hannu zai kasance na minti 5 har sai an cire makamai ta atomatik, sai dai idan an watsa kirtani na DTMF kafin lokacin ya ƙare. Wannan ya bambanta, kuma ya fi aminci, ga SiraTone wanda ke buƙatar ƙara mai tsalle don ya ba da makami ga mai sarrafawa har abada. Bayan an kunna siginar an aika sauti na dijital ta hanyar mai sauya dijital / analog zuwa kowane amplifier kuma a kan jerin masu magana a cikin nau'in murabba'in murya. An dakatar da MC a cikin 1996 lokacin da aka inganta shi zuwa sabon sigar, MCP. == MCP (Modulator Power Plus Controller) == Mai kula da MCP ko Modulator Power Plus Controller ya kasance kusan abu ɗaya da MC sai dai akwai wasu ƙari. Za'a iya samar da karin sigina ta hanyar janareta na sautin, kuma ana iya kunna shi ta hanyar FSK (Frequency Shifting Keys) na Tarayya. Babu wani abu da ya canza tsakanin MC da MCP. An dakatar da MCP a kusa da 2002 don sabon sigar jerin, mai kula da UV. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001-07-08 |title=Product Listing |url=http://www.federalsignal-indust.com/default.asp?pageID=2&lookup=2414 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010708102404/http://www.federalsignal-indust.com/default.asp?pageID=2&lookup=2414 |archive-date=2001-07-08 |access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> == UV (UltraVoice) == UV ko UltraVoice Controller shine sabon mai kula da siren lantarki wanda Siginar Tarayya ta yi. Yanzu ya dace da sabon nau'in Modulators, jerin Modulator II wanda ya fara samarwa a cikin 2013. UltraVoice ya zo ne a cikin bambance-bambance guda biyu: UV da UVIC. UV shine don amfani da waje tare da manyan masu magana kamar Modulator, inda UVIC shine don amfani na cikin gida tare da ƙananan masu magana da / ko tsarin sadarwa. UV yana iya riƙewa har zuwa 8 UV400 400 Watt amplifiers, don jimlar 3200W. UV ya zo daidai tare da sigina 7: Steady, Wail, Alternate Steady, Alternate Wail, Pulsed Steady, Pulsed Wail, da Westminster Chimes. Ana ba da shi daga masana'anta a cikin sautin guda ko Dual, duk da haka yana da sauƙin canzawa bayan siye. == manazarta == <references /> == Haɗin waje == {{Civil defense sirens}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rs2m0k4rtyxul3cm865zssnuco4y1nc 0 88126 547624 546175 2024-11-28T18:06:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|native_name={{lang|ar|بشار مراد}}|image=Bashar Murad Performing at Palestine Music Expo 2019 in Ramallah, Palestine.jpg|image_size=|caption=Murad in 2019|Landscape=yes|Alias=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1993|02|07}}|birth_place=[[East Jerusalem]], Palestine<!--East Jerusalem is internationally recognized as Palestinian-->|Genre=[[Pop music|Pop]]|Occupation={{hlist|Singer|songwriter|social activist}}|Years_active=2015–present|instruments={{hlist|Vocals|piano}}|website={{Official URL}}|Instrument=}} '''Bashar Murad''' ( Arabic </link> ; an haife shi 7 Fabrairu 1993) mawaƙin [[Falasdinawa|Bafalasdine]] -mawaƙi ne kuma mai fasahar bidiyo da ke Gabashin Kudus . Waƙarsa tana magana da ƙa'idodin al'umma, aikin Isra'ila, da daidaiton jinsi a Gabas ta Tsakiya . An fi saninsa da haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyar fasaha ta Icelandic [[techno]] -punk Hatari akan waƙar "Klefi / Samed", wanda aka saki jim kaɗan bayan Hatari ya ɗaga tutoci masu ɗauke da tutar Falasdinu a wasan karshe na gasar Eurovision Song Contest 2019 a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Fontaine |first=Andie |date=5 June 2019 |title=Queer Musician Bashar Murad: "Just Being Palestinian Is Political" |url=https://grapevine.is/icelandic-culture/music/2019/06/05/just-being-palestinian-is-political-queer-palestinian-musician-bashar-murad/ |access-date=17 July 2019 |website=[[The Reykjavík Grapevine]]}}</ref> <ref name="bbc">{{Cite web |date=14 July 2019 |title=Meet Bashar Murad: The Palestinian singer blurring gender lines |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-48923015 |access-date=17 July 2019 |website=BBC}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=McArthur |first=Rachel |date=22 June 2019 |title=Palestinian musician Bashar Murad's unlikely collaboration with Icelandic band tops 1m views |url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1525461/lifestyle |access-date=17 July 2019 |website=Arab News}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Wheeler |first=Brad |date=21 May 2019 |title=Gay Palestinian pop singer Bashar Murad keeps dreaming big |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/article-gay-palestinian-pop-singer-bashar-murad-keeps-dreaming-big/ |access-date=17 July 2019 |website=The Globe and Mail}}</ref> Murad ya saki EP ''Maskhara'' na farko a watan Yuni 2021. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Murad a Gabashin Jerusalem a shekarar 1993, ga iyayensa Said Murad da Fadia Daibes. Mahaifin Murad, Said, shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar mawakan Falasdinawa Sabreen, rukunin farko na Falasdinawa irinsa. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Power |first=Tom |date=15 May 2019 |title=Young, queer and Arab: Palestinian musician Bashar Murad wants to be understood for who he actually is |url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/q/wednesday-may-15-2019-fxckmr-bashar-murad-and-more-from-nunavut-1.5135570/young-queer-and-arab-palestinian-musician-bashar-murad-wants-to-be-understood-for-who-he-actually-is-1.5135662 |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=CDC Radio}}</ref> An kafa Sabreen a cikin 1980, kuma an haifi Murad a lokacin girman aikin su. <ref name=":0"/> Waƙa ta taimaka wa Murad ya shawo kan matsi daga girma a yankin da aka mamaye. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=سالم |first=بدار |last2=الشلالدة |first2=سارة |date=2018-10-02 |script-title=ar:الفنان الفلسطيني بشار مراد يتحدث عن كسر التابوهات في أغانيه |trans-title=Palestinian Artist Bashar Murad Talks About Breaking Taboos in His Songs |url=https://www.vice.com/ar/article/j54dxx/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87 |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Vice |language=ar}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Amurka ta Kudus, Murad ya sami digiri na farko a Kwalejin Bridgewater, [[Virginia]] . <ref name=":4"/> A Amurka, ya fahimci cewa, ba da yawa daga cikin almajiransa sun san da yawa game da Falasdinu ba, duk da haka suna son ƙarin sani game da ita. Wannan ya sa ya gane cewa ba ya son tserewa daga siyasa kuma ya fara ba da labarin waɗannan batutuwa a cikin waƙarsa. <ref name=":2"/> Tun lokacin da Murad ya koma Gabashin Kudus a shekarar 2014 kuma bayan ya buga wakoki da dama a cikin Larabci da Ingilishi a tasharsa ta YouTube, Murad ya gina hanyar sadarwa ta yanar gizo. <ref name=":2" /> == Sana'a == Murad ya fara aikin sa ne ta hanyar sanya nau'ikan wakokin da suka shahara a tasharsa ta YouTube wacce ya kirkira a shekarar 2009. Daga baya, ya kara wa wakokin gabas ta tsakiya ta hanyar amfani da kayan gargajiya a cikin rufaffiyar sa kafin ya fara kirkirar wakokinsa. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Abusalim |first=Dorgham |date=2017-02-01 |title=Interview with Bashar Murad: English-language Palestinian Pop for Social Justice – Palestine Square |url=https://palestinesquare.com/2017/02/01/interview-with-bashar-murad-english-language-palestinian-pop-for-social-justice/ |access-date=2019-08-07 |website=Palestine Square |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807083718/https://palestinesquare.com/2017/02/01/interview-with-bashar-murad-english-language-palestinian-pop-for-social-justice/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya yi karatu a Rimon School of Jazz and Contemporary Music a Isra'ila tsawon shekara guda, kuma shi ne Bafalasdine na farko daga Yammacin Kogin Jordan da ya yi karatu a can. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Film created by Murad while studying at Rimon |url=https://www.facebook.com/rimonschool/videos/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4-%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A8-%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%93/1340286212658387/ |access-date=2017-01-16 |website=[[Facebook]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Yawancin waƙoƙin sa ana yin su da kansa a cikin ɗakunan rikodin gida na ''Sabreen Association for Artistic Development'' . Lokaci-lokaci, Murad yana samun tallafi ko wasu tallafi daga kungiyoyi da shirye-shirye, kamar shirin bayar da lambar yabo ta Culture Resource Production Awards, wanda ya ba shi damar shirya waƙar "Shillet Hamal (Bunch of Bums)". Waƙar tana magana ne game da jin daban-daban kuma ba dacewa ba <ref name=":5"/> Bidiyon kiɗan ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa waɗanda suka zaɓi madadin hanyoyin rayuwa kuma suna iya gane wannan jin.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2023}}</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Don waƙarsa "Ana Zalameh (Ni Mutum ne)", Murad yayi aiki tare da [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] . Shirin Mata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya "Maza da Mata don Daidaiton Jinsi" shi ne ya samar da waƙar da ke game da ci gaban matsayin jinsi a Falasdinu kuma an ba da labari ta fuskar wani yaro mai shekaru 10. Haɗin gwiwar Murad tare da ƙungiyar [[Techno|fasaha]] ta Icelandic -punk Hatari akan waƙar "Klefi / Samed" ya taimaka masa ya kai ga yawan masu sauraro. An fitar da waƙar jim kaɗan bayan gasar waƙar Eurovision ta 2019, wadda ta gudana a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]], kuma tana magana ne game da fata na 'yanci da kuma mai da hankali ga zalunci na Palasdinawa . <ref name=":1"/> Hatari shi ne dan takara daya tilo da ya shiga takara a waccan shekarar wanda ya fito fili ya dauki matsaya kan rikicin. <ref name=":0"/> A lokacin gasar Eurovision Song Contest 2019, Murad yana cikin masu fasaha masu zanga-zangar da suka halarci madadin taron GlobalVision wanda aka watsa akan layi yayin makon Eurovision. <ref name=":2"/> A cikin Mayu 2019, Murad ya shiga cikin Makon Kiɗa na Kanada a [[Toronto]], Kanada. <ref name=":2"/> Murad ya saki EP ''Maskhara'' na farko a ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, wanda ya haɗa da waƙoƙi huɗu: "Maskhara", "Antenne" feat. Tamer Nafar, "Intifada on the Dance Floor", and "Ana wnafsi". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Saeed |first=Saeed |date=2021-06-11 |title=Palestinian singer Bashar Murad’s EP ‘Maskhara’ is a tribute to Sheikh Jarrah: “it will always be a part of me” |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/music/palestinian-singer-bashar-murad-s-ep-maskhara-is-a-tribute-to-sheikh-jarrah-it-will-always-be-a-part-of-me-1.1239288 |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=thenationalnews.com |publisher=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]}}</ref> Bayan shekaru uku, ya saki EP na biyu na Larabci, ''Nafas'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nafas - EP by Bashar Murad |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/5BYTdloNA9vhR3oal2RTbL |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=[[Spotify]]}}</ref> A cikin 24 Janairu 2024, an ba da sanarwar cewa zai kasance cikin masu fafatawa na ''Söngvakeppnin 2024'', zaɓin ƙasa na Icelandic don Gasar Waƙar Eurovision 2024 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adam |first=Darren |date=2024-01-24 |title=Palestinian singer in Söngvakeppnin |url=https://www.ruv.is/english/2024-01-24-palestinian-singer-in-songvakeppnin-403317 |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=ruv.is |publisher=[[RÚV]]}}</ref> Ya yi gasa da waƙar "Vestrið villt" / "Wild West", <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aradóttir |first=Júlía |date=2024-01-27 |title=Þessi tíu lög verða í Söngvakeppninni 2024 |trans-title=These ten songs will be in Söngvakeppninn 2024 |url=https://www.ruv.is/frettir/menning-og-daegurmal/2024-01-27-thessi-tiu-log-verda-i-songvakeppninni-2024-403464 |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=ruv.is |publisher=RÚV |language=is}}</ref> wanda ya cancanci zuwa na ƙarshe kuma a ƙarshe ya zo na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Justicia |first=Fran |date=2024-02-24 |title=Hera Björk, Bashar Murad y Sigga Ózk son los últimos clasificados para la gran final del Söngvakeppnin 2024 |trans-title=Hera Björk, Bashar Murad and Sigga Ózk are the last qualifiers for the grand final of Söngvakeppnin 2024 |url=https://www.escplus.es/eurovision/2024/hera-bjork-bashar-murad-y-sigga-ozk-son-los-ultimos-clasificados-para-la-gran-final-del-songvakeppnin-2024/ |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=ESCplus España |language=es-ES}}</ref> A tsakiyar yakin Isra'ila da Hamas da kuma kiraye-kirayen a cire Isra'ila daga takara, halartar Murad ya kasance batun cece-kuce da dama, tare da zargin cewa gidan rediyon Iceland na RÚV na siyasantar da taron da kuma zargin cewa an yi masa wariyar launin fata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jónsson |first=Þorgils |date=2024-03-08 |title=Ásdís fylgir sigurlaginu ekki í Eurovision: 'Samviska mín leyfir það bara ekki' |trans-title=Ásdís does not intend to follow the winning song in Eurovision: "My conscience just doesn't allow it" |url=https://www.ruv.is/frettir/innlent/406897 |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=ruv.is |publisher=RÚV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gunnarsson |first=Björgvin |date=2024-03-10 |title=Starfsmaður ísraelska ríkisútvarpsins stóð fyrir herferð gegn Bashar í Söngvakeppninni |trans-title=An employee of the Israel State Radio campaigned against Bashar in Söngvakeppninn |url=https://www.mannlif.is/frettir/innlent/starfsmadur-israelska-rikisutvarpsins-stod-fyrir-herferd-gegn-bashar-i-songvakeppninni/ |access-date=2024-03-11 |website=Mannlíf |language=is}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Murad yana zaune a Gabashin Urushalima tare da ƙanensa da mahaifinsa Said Murad, wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar kiɗan Sabreen . <ref name=":3"/> Shi dan luwadi ne a fili, kuma ya siffanta tafiyarsa ta fasaha a matsayin gwagwarmaya da kyamar baki a cikin al'ummar Falasdinu da kuma mamayar Isra'ila . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-06 |title=Palestinian pop singer Bashar Murad struggles for freedom and equality on two fronts |url=https://www.npr.org/transcripts/1116157913 |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=[[NPR]]}}</ref> == Hotuna == === Fadakarwa wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Maskara'' (2021) * ''Maskhara: The Remixes'' (2022) * ''Nafisa'' (2024) === Marasa aure === ==== A matsayin jagorar mai zane ==== * "Hallelujah", 2015 * "Happy Xmas (Yaki Ya Kare)" ft. Muhammad Mughrabi, 2015 * "The Door", 2015 * "Mafi Kamar ku", Nuwamba 2016 * "Voices", Afrilu 2017 * "Ilkul 3am bitjawaz" (Kowa yana Aure), Janairu 2018 * "Shillet hamal" (Bunch of Bums), Yuli 2018 * "Ma bitghayirni" (Ba Za Ku Iya Canza Ni ba), Satumba 2018 * "Ana zalameh" (Ni Mutum ne), Nuwamba 2018 * "Maskara" (Mockery), Disamba 2020 * "Antenne" ft. Tamer Nafar, Yuni 2021 * "Intifada akan Dance Floor", Nuwamba 2021 * "Xmas Aswad", Disamba 2022 * "Ilel Majnoon", Maris 2023 * "Ya Lel", June 2023 * "Mawtini", Nuwamba 2023 * "Nafas", Janairu 2024 * "Vestrið villt" / "Wild West", Fabrairu 2024 ==== Kamar yadda mai zane ya fito ==== * "Klefi / Samed" na Hatari, Yuni 2019 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website}} * {{Twitter}} * Bashar Murad on Instagram * Bashar Murad on TikTok [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3mc9py4c81d9kv48zdtrp5tjx7r57ia 0 88134 548052 546384 2024-11-29T01:33:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Misao''' (wanda kuma akafi sani da Minsao ko Mine Sao) haɗi ne na abinci na ƙasar Sin da na Malagasy. Abincin Malagasy ne na gama gari. Misao shine ainihin ramen noodles wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da soyayyen kayan lambu. Ana iya sawa Misao da ƙwai ko kowane irin nama kamar yadda aka fi so. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Min Sao |url=https://www.madamagazine.com/en/min-sao/ |access-date=2019-09-17 |website=MADAMAGAZINE |language=en-US |archive-date=2018-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512173041/http://www.madamagazine.com/en/min-sao/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-09-04 |title=Madagascar Food: A Culinary Travel Guide |url=https://uncorneredmarket.com/madagascar-food/ |access-date=2019-09-17 |website=Uncornered Market |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Malagasy abinci == Manazarta == 0o441a3c0tcx36fylxomyu0tbc3tac9 0 88142 547615 546646 2024-11-28T17:56:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Kwalejin Ilimi ta Auckland Park makaranta ce da ke cikin Auckland Park, Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>Contact APAX". Archived from the original on 4 September 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2011</ref> An kafa makarantar ne a farkon shekarar karatu a shekara ta 2011. Tsarin karatun makarantar ya dogara ne akan tsarin karatun ƙasa kamar yadda Sashen Ilimi na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu ya ƙulla.<ref>http://www.apax.co.za/foundation.htm[permanent</ref> APAX kuma tana ba wa ɗalibanta tsarimusulunci.<ref>http://www.apax.co.za/islamic.htm{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==matakai== Kamar yadda na 2017, Auckland Park Academy of Excellence ya ƙunshi maki 1 zuwa 12. Waɗannan ana kiran su Foundation, Intermediate da FET (Ƙarin Ilimi da Horarwa). Bayan farawa da maki 1 zuwa na 6 a cikin 2011, makarantar ta ƙara ƙarin maki kowace shekara ta ilimi har zuwa 2017.<ref>permanent dead li</ref> ==Manazarta== qp6wh50d4hr1ibtenac7d4us2anz43i 0 88148 548020 546926 2024-11-28T23:08:32Z Tafoki5252 30926 548020 wikitext text/x-wiki Pulaar harshe ne na fula wanda mutanen Fula da Toucouleur ke magana da shi a matsayin yare na farko<ref> Pulaar.</ref> a yankin kwarin kogi na Senegal wanda a gargajiyance aka fi sani da Futa Tooro da gabas da kudu. Masu magana da Pulaar, waɗanda aka fi sani da Haalpulaar'en, suna zaune a Senegal, Mauritania, Gambia, da yammacin Mali. Manyan masu magana da Pulaar biyu su ne mutanen Toucouleur da Fulɓe (wanda kuma aka fi sani da Fulani ko Peul)<ref> Mc Laughlin, Fiona (1995). "Haalpulaar identity as a response to Wolofization∗". African Languages and Cultures. 8 (2): 153–168. doi:10.1080/09544169508717793. ISSN 0954-416X.</ref>. Pulaar shine yaren gida na biyu da ake magana da shi a Senegal,kasancewar shi yare na farko ga kusan kaso 22% na yawan al'ummar.Wannan yana da alaƙa da kaso 23.7% na ƙasar da Pulaar ta kasance ƙabilar yawan jama'a.<ref> Diallo, Ibrahima (2006). Language Planning, Language-In-Education Policy, and Attitudes Towards Languages in Senegal (Griffith thesis). My University, My University, Marilyn McMeniman. Griffith University. doi:10.25904/1912/1429.</ref> Pulaar ɗaya ne daga cikin harsunan ƙasar Senegal tare da wasu 13.<ref> Diallo, Ibrahima (2006). Language Planning, Language-In-Education Policy, and Attitudes Towards Languages in Senegal (Griffith thesis). My University, My University, Marilyn McMeniman. Griffith University. doi:10.25904/1912/1429.</ref>An shigar da shi a matsayin harshen hukuma na Senegal ta umarnin shugaban kasa a cikin shekarar 1971. Akwai sanannun yarukan Pulaar kusan guda 28, galibinsu suna fahimtar juna da juna.<ref> "Pulaar" (PDF). National African Language Resource Center – Indiana. 2020. Retrieved 13 October 2020.</ref>Yaren Pulaar, da sauran harsunan Afirka ta Yamma, yawanci ana yin ishara da su a ƙarƙashin laima na 'Fula'. Pulaar a matsayin harshe, duk da haka, ba a yawanci kiransa ‘Fula’ ba.<ref> Paster, Mary (2005), "Pulaar verbal extensions and phonologically driven affix order", Yearbook of Morphology 2005, Yearbook of Morphology, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 155–199, doi:10.1007/1-4020-4066-0_6, ISBN 978-1-4020-4065-8, retrieved 2020-11-02</ref> ==Manazarta== iebrge6gvufqa0u3youa8z5owb1sr63 0 88149 548018 546696 2024-11-28T23:06:37Z Tafoki5252 30926 Sabon muqala 548018 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>'''</nowiki>[[Likitanci|Likitaci]]<ref>Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya:</ref> brxzno0wuzyrk57cfb5u8porkyzpi6j 0 88162 547962 546776 2024-11-28T22:32:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Federal University, Birnin Kebbi''' jami'a ce da ke Birnin Kebbi, [[Kebbi|Jihar Kebbi]], [[Najeriya]] . An kafa Jami'ar Tarayya ta Birnin-kebbi (FUBK) a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2013, tare da na [[Jami’ar Tarayya ta Gusau|Gusau]] da [[Jami'ar Tarayya, Gashua|Gashua]] na Tarayyar Najeriya karkashin jagorancin Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Ebele Jonathan]], GCFR, bisa tsarin gwamnati. domin kafa Jami’ar Tarayya a kowace Jihohin da ba ta da ita a fadin tarayya. [[Category:Articles using infobox university]] == Ra'ayi na gani == Don zama cibiyar fasaha ta Kwarewa a cikin Innovation, koyarwa, da Bincike == Aikin == Don ƙara darajar rayuwar ɗan adam ta hanyar samar da yanayin ilimi mai kyau ga ma'aikata da ɗalibai don cika mafarkin su kamar takwarorinsu a duniya <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=About Us - Federal University Birnin Kebbi |url=https://fubk.edu.ng/about-us/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128064751/https://fubk.edu.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ma'aikata == Mista Abubakar Aliyu mai rijista ne na Jami'ar Tarayya, Birnin Kebbi wanda ke karɓar duk tambayoyin shigar jami'a. Mataimakin Shugaban jami'ar shine Farfesa Muhammad Umar == Tarihi == Farfesa [[Lawal Bilbis|Lawal Suleiman Bilbis]], FNSMB, Farfesan [[Biochemistry]] kuma tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban [[Jami'ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo|Jami'ar Usmanu Danfodiyo]] Sokoto an nada shi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jami'ar na farko yayin da Ibrahim Abubakar Mungadi, FCAI, aka nada a matsayin magatakarda. Ayyukan ilimi sun fara ne a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, don zaman ilimi na 2014/2015 tare da yawan ɗalibai na 507 da ƙarfin ma'aikatan ilimi na 102. Dangane da haka, matriculation na budurwa da na biyu sun faru a ranar 5 ga Maris 2015, da 9 ga Fabrairu 2016, tare da jimlar 507 da 972 Undergraduate da aka rantsar a, bi da bi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hotels.ng |title=Federal University, Birnin Kebbi |url=https://hotels.ng/places/university/1443-federal-university-birnin-kebbi |access-date=2020-10-16 |website=Hotels.ng |language=en}}</ref> The University currently has three faculties and a College of Health Sciences and offer a total of twenty-four (24) degree programmes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University in Kebbi gets NUC accreditation for 20 programmes |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/281767-federal-university-in-kebbi-gets-nuc-accreditation-for-20-programmes.html}}</ref> The University has six (6) directorates which include, Academic Planning, Physical Planning, Research and Innovation, ICT Directorate, Entrepreneurship and CSBE Directorate. The University just recently toward the ends of the year 2017 had the substantive leadership, where the federal government approved the appointment of Prof. Bello Bala Shehu as the new university vice-chancellor; Prof. B.B Shehu is a Medical Practitioner of neural science, he was also the former Chief Medical Director of the National Hospital, Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |title=www.fubk.edu.ng {{!}} Federal University Birnin Kebbi : FUBK |url=https://infoguidenigeria.com/tag/fubk-edu-ng/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=InfoGuideNigeria.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Jami'ar tana kula da shafuka biyu, wurin tashi da kuma shafin dindindin, wurin tashi yana kula da Makarantar Nazarin Basic da Remedial da Gidajen Mata a Kalgo; yayin da, shafin dindaya yana kula da manyan gine-ginen harabar a Unguwar Jeji (ƙauye mai nisan kilomita 4 daga wurin tashi.) <ref name="fubk">{{Cite web |title=Federal University, Birnin Kebbi |url=http://www.fubk.edu.ng/ |access-date=2014-08-18 |publisher=fubk.edu.ng}}</ref> == Gidajen jami'a == Jami'ar tana da wurare masu zuwa: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University, Birnin Kebbi Ranking & Review 2023 |url=https://www.4icu.org/reviews/17735.htm |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=www.4icu.org |language=en}}</ref> * Laburaren Jami'ar * Cibiyoyin Wasanni na Jami'a / Ayyuka * Gidajen Jami'o'i == Ayyukan jami'a == Jami'ar tana ba da sabis masu zuwa: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal University, Birnin Kebbi Ranking & Review 2023 |url=https://www.4icu.org/reviews/17735.htm |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=www.4icu.org |language=en}}</ref> * Taimako na Kudi * Nazarin Ƙasashen Waje * Koyon nesa * Shawarwarin Ilimi * Ayyuka == Laburaren karatu == An kafa ɗakin karatu na jami'a don tallafawa ayyukan ilimi na jami'ar ta hanyar saye da shirya albarkatun bayanai kamar littattafai, littattafai, bayanan kan layi da na waje. Ana kiran Mai kula da ɗakin karatu na jami'a na yanzu Sabiu Lawal kuma ɗakin karatu ya yi amfani da tsarin gudanarwa na Library wanda ke sauƙaƙa duk aikin masu kula da ɗakin littattafai kuma yana sauƙaƙa dawo da bayanai.<ref name="profile" /> == Sashe (Department) == Jami'ar a halin yanzu tana aiki da fannoni huɗu. {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Fasaha''' ! '''Kimiyyar Gudanarwa''' ! '''Ilimin zamantakewa''' |- | # Tarihi & Alakar Duniya # Harsunan Turai | # Accounting # Gudanar da Kasuwanci | # Ilimin tattalin arziki # Geography # Kimiyyar Siyasa # Ilimin zamantakewa # Demography & Social Statistics |- | '''Kimiyya''' | '''Kimiyyar Muhalli''' | '''Kwalejin Kimiyyar Lafiya''' |- | # Aiwatar da Geophysics # Biochemistry & Kwayoyin Halitta Biology # Halittu # Kimiyyan na'urar kwamfuta # Lissafi # Pure & Masana'antu Chemistry # Microbiology # Physics tare da Electronics | # Gine-gine # Fasahar Gine-gine # Binciken Yawan | # Nursing Sciences # Jiki # Magani da tiyata # Ilimin Halitta |} == Sashe == * Ma'aikatar Fasaha * Kimiyya ta Gudanar da Sashen * Sashen Kimiyya na Jama'a * Ma'aikatar Gine-gine * Magunguna da tiyata MBBS * Gidan magani * Nursing == Yanayin jami'a == Jami'ar tana kan hanyar Kalgo-Bunza; PMB 1157 Birnin Kebbi Najeriya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Jami'ar Najeriya]] b5z2907jmmyy23f9muwxo2a90bl2frj 0 88166 548022 546845 2024-11-28T23:09:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548022 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Katharina Holzinger''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1957) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Katharina Holzinger – Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften |url=https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/bbaw-mitglieder/mitglied-katharina-holzinger |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.bbaw.de}}</ref> ƴar kimiyyar siyasa ce ta Jamus wacce ke mai da hankali kan siyasar ƙasa da ƙasa. Tun 2021, ita ce Rector na Jami'ar Konstanz . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rector appointed {{!}} News in detail {{!}} Current announcements {{!}} News and media {{!}} University {{!}} University of Konstanz |url=https://www.uni-konstanz.de/en/university/news-and-media/current-announcements/news-in-detail/bestellungsurkunde-von-der-wissenschaftsministerin/ |access-date=2021-03-03 |website=www.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Holzinger ta yi karatun kimiyyar siyasa, karatun Jamusanci da falsafa a Munich kafin ta sami digiri na uku a Jami'ar Augsburg a 1993. Daga 1993 zuwa 1997 ta kasance babbar jami'ar bincike a Cibiyar Kimiyyar zamantakewa ta Berlin (WZB) kafin ta shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Max Planck don Bincike akan Kaya Taro a Bonn. A shekara ta 2002 ta kammala karatunta (ta kammala karatun digiri) a Jami'ar Bamberg . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Chair of International Politics at the University of Konstanz {{!}} Full CV of Katharina Holzinger |url=https://www.polver.uni-konstanz.de/holzinger/personen/professor/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.polver.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> Bayan zaman bincike a matsayin Jean Monnet Fellow a Cibiyar Jami'ar Turai a Florence (Italiya) a cikin 2002/2003, an nada ta a matsayin C4- farfesa na kimiyyar siyasa a Jami'ar Hamburg a 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Holzinger, Katharina @ HPK |url=https://www.hpk.uni-hamburg.de/resolve/id/cph_person_00004221 |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.hpk.uni-hamburg.de}}</ref> Bayan shiga Jami'ar Konstanz a 2007 a matsayin W3- farfesa kan harkokin siyasar kasa da kasa a Sashen Siyasa da Gudanar da Jama'a, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban kula da harkokin kasa da kasa da daidaitattun dama daga 2009 zuwa 2012, kuma mataimakiyar shugaban tsangayar siyasa, shari'a. da tattalin arziki daga 2018 zuwa 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New rector elected {{!}} Press releases in detail {{!}} Press releases {{!}} Current announcements {{!}} News and media {{!}} University {{!}} University of Konstanz |url=https://www.uni-konstanz.de/en/university/news-and-media/current-announcements/press-releases/press-releases-in-detail/Neue-Rektorin-gewaehlt/ |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> Ta taka rawar gani daban-daban a zagaye na biyu na Initiative Excellence Initiative da kuma gasar dabarun kirkire-kirkire. A ranar 9 ga Disamba 2020, an zaɓi Katharina Holzinger don maye gurbin Kerstin Krieglstein a matsayin Rector na Jami'ar Konstanz. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-09 |title=Konstanz: Katharina Holzinger ist die neue Rektorin der Universität Konstanz |url=https://www.suedkurier.de/region/kreis-konstanz/konstanz/katharina-holzinger-ist-die-neue-rektorin-der-universitaet-konstanz;art372448,10686726 |access-date=2021-01-19 |website=SÜDKURIER Online |language=de}}</ref> == Bukatun bincike == Abubuwan binciken Holzinger sun haɗa da manufofin muhalli na ƙasa da ƙasa; Tarayyar Turai; ra'ayoyin yanke shawara na siyasa; rikici na cikin gida, sarrafa rikici, ciniki da jayayya; da kuma tsarin mulki na gargajiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Holzinger, Katharina {{!}} Alle Clustermitglieder {{!}} Personen {{!}} Über uns {{!}} The Politics of Inequality {{!}} exc.uni-konstanz.de {{!}} Universität Konstanz |url=https://www.exc.uni-konstanz.de/ungleichheit/ueber-uns/personen/alle-clustermitglieder/holzinger-katharina/ |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.exc.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> Ita ce babban mai binciken ƙungiyar Konstanz na Ƙarfafa "Siyasa na Rashin daidaituwa" <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Website Cluster of Excellence "The Politics of Inequality" (University of Konstanz) |url=https://www.exc.uni-konstanz.de/en/inequality/about-us/persons/full-list-of-cluster-members/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> kuma ta kasance memba na Cluster of Excellence "Tsarin Al'adu na Haɗin kai" (2007-2019) da Makarantar Digiri "Kimiyyar yanke shawara" (2013). -2019). A cikin 2012 ta sami kuɗi don Reinhart Koselleck Project "Mulkin Gargajiya da Matsayin Zamani: Sakamakon Haɗin Kan Dimokuradiyya da Rikicin Cikin Gida" na Gidauniyar Bincike ta Jamus (DFG). Daga 2018 zuwa 2020 ta shiga cikin kafa "Maria Sibylla Merian Institute for Advanced Studies in Africa", wanda Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Bincike ta Tarayyar Jamus ta tallafa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2022}}</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A cikin 2007 Katharina Holzinger ta shiga Jami'ar Konstanz a matsayin W3- farfesa don siyasar duniya a Sashen Siyasa da Gudanar da Jama'a. Daga shekarar 2009 zuwa 2012, ta rike mukamin mataimakiyar shugaban kula da harkokin kasa da kasa da damammaki, kuma daga 2018 zuwa 2020, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban tsangayar siyasa, shari'a da tattalin arziki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor {{!}} Team {{!}} Chair of International Politics {{!}} Department of Politics and Public Administration |url=https://www.polver.uni-konstanz.de/holzinger/team/professor/ |access-date=2021-01-25 |website=www.polver.uni-konstanz.de |archive-date=2021-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130022320/https://www.polver.uni-konstanz.de/holzinger/team/professor/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Farfesa Holzinger ya kuma taka rawa daban-daban wajen nasarar da jami'ar ta samu a zagaye na biyu na shirin ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Jamus. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New rector elected {{!}} Press releases in detail {{!}} Press releases {{!}} Current announcements {{!}} News and media {{!}} University {{!}} University of Konstanz |url=https://www.uni-konstanz.de/en/university/news-and-media/current-announcements/press-releases/press-releases-in-detail/Neue-Rektorin-gewaehlt/ |access-date=2021-01-25 |website=www.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> == Kyauta == A cikin 2013 an zaɓi Holzinger a matsayin memba na Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (HdAW). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Memberships in the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities {{!}} Awards and honours {{!}} About the University of Konstanz {{!}} University {{!}} University of Konstanz |url=https://www.uni-konstanz.de/en/university/about-the-university-of-konstanz/awards-and-honours/memberships-in-the-heidelberg-academy-of-sciences-and-humanities/ |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.uni-konstanz.de}}</ref> A cikin 2018 an zabe ta a matsayin memba, kuma, a cikin 2020, a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya da Bil'adama ta Berlin-Brandenburg (BBAW). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Katharina Holzinger – Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften |url=https://www.bbaw.de/die-akademie/bbaw-mitglieder/mitglied-katharina-holzinger |access-date=2021-01-20 |website=www.bbaw.de}}</ref> == Publications (zaɓi) == * ''Cibiyoyin Siyasa na Gargajiya a cikin Siyasar Zamani'' (ed., Tare da Kate Baldwin), Batu na Musamman na ''Kwatanta Nazarin Siyasa'' 52 (12), 2019,  . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baldwin |first=Kate |last2=Holzinger |first2=Katharina |date=2019-10-01 |title=Traditional Political Institutions and Democracy: Reassessing Their Compatibility and Accountability |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414019852686 |journal=Comparative Political Studies |language=en |volume=52 |issue=12 |pages=1747–1774 |doi=10.1177/0010414019852686 |issn=0010-4140 |s2cid=197832991}}</ref> * ''Kayayyakin gama gari na ƙasashen duniya.'' ''Ƙungiyoyin Dabarun Dabarun, Matsalolin Aiki na Gari, da Samar da matakai masu yawa.'' Palgrave-Macmillan, New York, 2008,  . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holzinger |first=Katharina |date=2008 |title=Transnational Common Goods : Strategic Constellations, Collective Action Problems, and Multi-level Provision |url=https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/2898}}</ref> * ''Haɗin kan manufofin muhalli a Turai?'' ''Tasirin Cibiyoyin Kasa da Kasa da Kasuwanci ('' tare da Christoph Knill da Bas Arts) ''.'' Jami'ar Cambridge, Cambridge 2008,  . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holzinger |first=Katharina |last2=Knill |first2=Christoph |last3=Arts |first3=Bas |date=2008 |title=Introduction [to: Environmental policy convergence in Europe] |url=https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/4044 |pages=1–6}}</ref> * ''Die Europäische Union: Analysekonzepte und Theorien'' (tare da Frank Schimmelfennig, Berthold Rittberger, Christoph Knill, Dirk Peters, Wolfgang Wagner). Schöningh-UTB, Paderborn 2005,  . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Knill |first=Christoph |last2=Holzinger |first2=Katharina |last3=Peters |first3=Dirk |last4=Rittberger |first4=Berthold |last5=Schimmelfennig |first5=Frank |last6=Wagner |first6=Wolfgang |date=2005 |title=Die Europäische Union : Theorien und Analysenkonzepte |url=https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/24622}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?index=tit&term=&operator=and&index=per&term=Holzinger+Katharina&operator=and&index=inh&term=&operator=and&index=sw&term=&operator=and&index=jhr&term=&index=wvn&wvnStart=&wvnEnd=16.01.2021&method=enhancedSearch Littattafan da kan Katharina Holzinger a Deutsche Nationalbibliothek] * [https://www.polver.uni-konstanz.de/holzinger/ Gidan yanar gizon Katharina Holzinger a Jami'ar Konstanz] * Katharina Holzinger {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Holzinger, Katharina}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1957]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 5efl7651fayqwz8d2eyo427rnmi7tmd 0 88167 548004 547134 2024-11-28T22:53:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Joe Henry Engle''' (Agusta 26, 1932 - Yuli 10, 2024) wani matukin jirgi Ba'amurke ne, injiniyan jirgin sama, kuma dan sama jannati NASA. Shi ne kwamandan ayyukan Jiragen Sama guda biyu da suka hada da STS-2 a cikin 1981, jirgin sama na biyu na shirin. Ya kuma tashi jirage biyu a cikin shirin Shuttle na 1977 Approach and Landing Tests.Engle ya kasance daya daga cikin matukan jirgi goma sha biyu da suka tashi a Arewacin Amurka X-15, wani jirgin gwaji na hadin gwiwa da Sojojin Sama da NASA ke sarrafa su. A matsayin matukin jirgi na X-15, Engle ya yi jirage uku sama da mil 50, don haka ya cancanci samun fikafikan 'yan sama jannati a karkashin yarjejeniyar Amurka don iyakar sararin samaniya.A cikin 1966 an zaɓe shi don Ƙungiyar Samaniya ta 5 ta NASA, yana shiga shirin Apollo. Ya kasance madaidaicin Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) don Apollo 14 kuma tun farko an shirya tafiya akan wata a matsayin LMP don Apollo 17.Koyaya, soke tashin jirage daga baya ya sa NASA ta zaɓi masanin sararin samaniya Harrison Schmitt a matsayin Matukin Lunar Module, wanda ya maye gurbin Engle. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== '''Rayuwa ta sirri da ilimi''' An haifi Engle a ranar 26 ga Agusta, 1932, a Abilene, Kansas.<ref>https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/engle_joe.pdf</ref>Ya girma a Chapman, Kansas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare da sakandare.<ref>https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/houston-tx/joe-engle-11892588</ref>Engle ya sauke karatu daga Dickinson County High School a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/1121622/</ref>Ya kasance mai ƙwazo a matsayin Boy Scout kuma ya sami matsayi na Ajin Farko.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213130/http://www.scouting.org/about/factsheets/scouting_space.aspx</ref>Engle ya sami digiri na Kimiyya a Injiniya Aerospace daga Jami'ar Kansas a 1955, inda ya kasance memba na Theta Tau Professional Engineering Fraternity.<ref>https://engr.ku.edu/people/maj-gen-joe-h-engle</ref> Ya auri Mary Catherine Lawrence (1934 – 2004) na Ofishin Jakadancin Hills, Kansas, kuma yana da ’ya’ya biyu da ɗiya ɗaya. Bayan mutuwarta, ya auri Jeanie Carter daga Houston, Texas.<ref>https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/engle_joe.pdf</ref>Abubuwan nishaɗin Engle sun haɗa da tashi (ciki har da jirgin saman yaƙi na Yaƙin Duniya na II), babban farauta, jakunkuna, da wasannin motsa jiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/13/us/engle-from-childhood-he-planned-to-be-a-pilot.html</ref>Ya kasance memba na Society of Testing Pilots kuma ya zama Fellow a 2009.<ref>http://www.setp.org/setp-personnel/fellow-classes.html</ref> Engle ya mutu a gidansa a Houston, Texas a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 91.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kake.com/story/51029811/trailblazing-kansas-astronaut-general-joe-engle-dies-at-91 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-11-27 |archive-date=2024-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711203339/https://www.kake.com/story/51029811/trailblazing-kansas-astronaut-general-joe-engle-dies-at-91 |url-status=dead }}</ref>Tare da mutuwar Engle, duk matukan jirgi 12 da za su tashi X-15 yanzu sun mutu.<ref>http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-071124a-joe-engle-x15-space-shuttle-nasa-astronaut-obituary.html</ref> ==manazarta== r2ija38c6fyj3yc32y40ex78gcydl2s 0 88169 548016 546961 2024-11-28T23:03:52Z Tafoki5252 30926 548016 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farfesa na Geophysics''' farfesa ne na doka a Jami'ar Cambridge. An kafa shi a shekara ta 1964.<ref>"Professors". Cambridge University. Retrieved 28 October 2024.</ref> An kafa farfesa a Sashen Geodesy da Geophysics (yanzu wani ɓangare na Sashen Kimiyyar Duniya.<ref>Williams, Carol (2010), Madingley Rise and Early Geophysics at Cambridge, Third Millennium Pub Ltd , ISBN 190650718X</ref> Wanda ya fara aiki shine Sir Edward Bullard, wanda aka nada a kujera a shekara alif 1964. == Manazarta == 3k142ygrbin63n8az1scb8j370rovk6 0 88183 548014 547106 2024-11-28T23:01:43Z Tafoki5252 30926 548014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prawn rougaille''' yana ɗaya daga cikin abincin Mauritius wanda yawanci ana dafa shi tare da prawns King a cikin miya na rougaille.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getaway.co.za/food/mauritian-recipe-prawn-rougaille/|title=Mauritian recipe: prawn rougaille|date=27 September 2012|work=Getaway|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake amfani da ita == Da fari dai, ana shirya miya wacce tushen ta daga wani tumatir ne na musamman da ake kira [[wiktionary:rougail|rougaille]]. Wannan shine Creole sauce. Ana saka prawns a cikin miya kuma a dafa shi na ƴan mintuna kaɗan don hana zafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Permalloo |first=Shelina |title=King Prawn Rougaille (Spicy Creole Sauce) Recipes |url=http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/king-prawn-rougaille-spicy-creole-sauce |access-date=6 October 2018 |website=Shelina Cooks}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Abincin Mauritius * Jerin abin ciye-ciye na shrimp == Manazarta == gpy7fp30hcjt2a4qxjdkscyy3ipspx0 548017 548014 2024-11-28T23:05:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Prawn rougaille''' yana ɗaya daga cikin abincin Mauritius wanda yawanci ana dafa shi tare da prawns King a cikin miya na rougaille.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getaway.co.za/food/mauritian-recipe-prawn-rougaille/|title=Mauritian recipe: prawn rougaille|date=27 September 2012|work=Getaway|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake amfani da ita == Da fari dai, ana shirya miya wacce tushen ta daga wani tumatir ne na musamman da ake kira [[wiktionary:rougail|rougaille]]. Wannan shine Creole sauce. Ana saka prawns a cikin miya kuma a dafa shi na ƴan mintuna kaɗan don hana zafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Permalloo |first=Shelina |title=King Prawn Rougaille (Spicy Creole Sauce) Recipes |url=http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/king-prawn-rougaille-spicy-creole-sauce |access-date=6 October 2018 |website=Shelina Cooks}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Abincin Mauritius * Jerin abin ciye-ciye na shrimp == Manazarta == du7bvhewx4i1kq4tg843ejarnwingjn 548079 548017 2024-11-29T03:45:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Prawn rougaille''' yana ɗaya daga cikin abincin Mauritius wanda yawanci ana dafa shi tare da prawns King a cikin miya na rougaille.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.getaway.co.za/food/mauritian-recipe-prawn-rougaille/|title=Mauritian recipe: prawn rougaille|date=27 September 2012|work=Getaway|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref> == Hanyar da ake amfani da ita == Da fari dai, ana shirya miya wacce tushen ta daga wani tumatir ne na musamman da ake kira [[wiktionary:rougail|rougaille]]. Wannan shine Creole sauce. Ana saka prawns a cikin miya kuma a dafa shi na ƴan mintuna kaɗan don hana zafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Permalloo |first=Shelina |title=King Prawn Rougaille (Spicy Creole Sauce) Recipes |url=http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/king-prawn-rougaille-spicy-creole-sauce |access-date=6 October 2018 |website=Shelina Cooks |archive-date=6 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006234856/http://shelinacooks.com/recipes/details/king-prawn-rougaille-spicy-creole-sauce |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Abincin Mauritius * Jerin abin ciye-ciye na shrimp == Manazarta == pihfx3gol9pla54jsctauoos178zqit 0 88191 547979 547268 2024-11-28T22:39:58Z Tafoki5252 30926 547979 wikitext text/x-wiki Makarantar Sakandaren Clapham babbar makarantar sakandare ce ta dalibai, mai magana da harshen turanci a cikin Queenswood, Pretoria, a lardin Gauteng na Afirka ta Kudu. Makarantar ta tashi daga tsakiyar Pretoria zuwa wuraren da ake yanzu a Queenswood, farkon shekarar 1955, kuma tana da adadin ɗalibai kusan1300. ==Tarihi== Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta yara U/15 ta lashe gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta a shekarar 2022 da aka gudanar a Benoni, Gauteng.<ref>"Edendale and Clapham High Schools to represent SA in CAF Pan African U15 Champs - SAFA.net". 18 July 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2024</ref> Nasarar ta ba su damar wakiltar Afirka ta Kudu a gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Makarantun Afirka na CAF COSAFA. A cikin shekarar 2023 sun lashe gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Makarantun Afirka na COSAFA 1-0 a kan Salima Sakandare daga Malawi kuma sun tsallake zuwa gasar cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa ta Makarantun Afirka na farko na CAF.<ref>Clapham High emerged victorious at schools championship". Capital Sport. 11 November 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2024.</ref> Sun yi rashin nasara a gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa na Makarantun Afirka na CAF da ci 5-4 ta bugun fanareti a hannun CS Ben Sekou Sylla daga Guinea bayan wasan ya tashi 1-1.[3] .Sun ƙare kakar a shekarar 2023 tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza U/15 ta lashe gasar zakarun ƙwallon ƙafa ta Makarantun Gauteng na farko.[4] ==Wasanni== Ƙungiyoyin wasanni na cikin gida an raba su zuwa gidaje waɗanda aka sanya wa sunayen membobin balaguron Terra Nova: Scott, Wilson, Evans, Bowers, da Oates. Wasanni ba dole ba ne, kamar yadda makarantar ta yi imanin cewa nasara da jin daɗi suna zuwa tare da sa hannu na son rai. Koyaya, ana sa ran xaliban aji 8 za su halarci yawancin tarukan wasanni a matsayin 'yan kallo. Makarantar tana ba da wasanni masu zuwa: Makarantar Sakandare ta Clapham wani bangare ne na kungiyar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Pretoria English Medium High Schools Associations wacce ke da kyakkyawar kishiya tsakanin dukkan makarantun gwamnati da ke Pretoria. Makarantun suna da tarurrukan tarurruka guda uku da ake gudanarwa a shekara ciki har da wasan ninkaya (wanda aka gudanar a Hillcrest Swimming Pool), ƙetare (wanda aka gudanar a makarantar masaukin baki) da kuma taron wasannin motsa jiki (wanda aka gudanar a filin wasa na Pilditch). Sauran makarantun da ke shiga cikin ƙungiyar sune: Hillview High School. Lyttelton Manor High School. Pretoria Technical High School. Makarantar Sakandare ta Pretoria. Rietondale High School. Makarantar Sakandaren Sutherland, Centurion. Makarantar Sakandare ta Glen. Makarantar Sakandare ta Willowridge. . ==Manazarta== 77prjdkkk12tchtjo0jzpepp6s790en 0 88193 548094 547300 2024-11-29T05:12:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 548094 wikitext text/x-wiki Hasken wuta na hanyar zirga-zirga na'urorin bada umarni ne da ake sanyawa a kan hanyoyin da ke kan kwalta, hanyoyin da ake kwalta, da sauran wurare don sarrafa kwararar zirga-gyare. '''Tarihin fitilun zirga-zirga''' yana da alaƙa da Ci gaban tarihi na mota.<ref name=":0"/> An fara fara amfani da fitilun ababan hawa a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1868 a dandalin majalisar da ke [[Landan|birnin Landan]] domin rage bukatar jami’an ‘yan sanda su kula da ababen hawa. <ref name=":72">{{Cite web |last=Thames Leisure |title=12 Amazing Facts About London |url=http://www.thamesleisure.co.uk/12-amazing-facts-london/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107005431/http://www.thamesleisure.co.uk/12-amazing-facts-london/ |archive-date=7 January 2017 |access-date=25 January 2017}}</ref> Tun daga wannan lokacin, wutar lantarki da sarrafa na'ura mai kwakwalwa sun haɓaka fasahar hasken zirga-zirga da haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa. : 141  [[Fayil:Electric_Traffic_Regulator_-_Pryke_&_Palmer_-_1930.jpg|thumb|Tallace-tallace don "Mai Gudanar da Jirgin Ruwa" a cikin kundin Pryke &amp;amp; Palmer na 1930]] [[Fayil:TrafficSignalInstallationUS1940.jpg|thumb|Shigar da siginar zirga-zirga a [[San Diego]] a cikin watan Disamba 1940]] [[Fayil:Trafiksignal_Tegelbacken_1953.jpg|thumb|Hasken wuta a [[Stockholm]] a 1953.]] == Asalin siginar zirga-zirga == Kafin fitilun zirga-zirga, 'yan sanda na zirga-zane ke sarrafa zirga-zirgan anya. Misali mai kyau shine wanda ke kan London Bridge daga shekarar 1722. An ba mutane uku aikin jagorantar zirga-zirga da na shiga da fita daga [[Landan]] ko Southwark. Kowane jami'in zai taimaka wajen jagorantar zirga-zirga da ke fitowa daga Southwark zuwa London kuma ya tabbatar da cewa duk zirga-zirgan sun kasance a gefen yammacin gadar. Wani jami'in na biyu zai jagoranci zirga-zirga a gefen gabas na gadar don sarrafa zirga-zirgan mutane da ke barin London da shiga Southwark. A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1868, an shigar da fitilun zirga-zirga na farko da ba na lantarki ba a waje Gidajen majalisa a [[Landan]] don sarrafa zirga-zirga a titin Bridge, Great George Street, da kuma titin Majalisar.<ref>City of Westminster [[blue plaque]] on the site</ref><ref name=":72"/> Injiniyan jirgin kasa J. P. Knight na Nottingham ne ya gabatar da su wanda ya daidaita wannan ra'ayin daga ƙirar sautin jirgin ƙasa kuma injiniyoyin siginar jirgin ƙasa na Saxby & Farmer ne suka gina su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BBC |title=The man who gave us traffic lights |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/nottingham/content/articles/2009/07/16/john_peake_knight_traffic_lights_feature.shtml |access-date=27 September 2016}}</ref> Babban dalilin hasken zirga-zirga shi ne cewa akwai yawan zirga-zirga da motocin doki keyi kan Westminster Bridge wanda ya tilasta dubban Masu tafiya suyi tafiya kusa da Gidajen Majalisar.<ref name="Pollard08">{{Cite journal |last=Pollard |first=Justin |year=2008 |title=The Eccentric Engineer: The History of Traffic Lights Is Full of Twists and Turns |journal=Engineering and Technology |volume=3 |issue=15 |page=93 |doi=10.1049/et:20081518}}</ref> Tsarin ya haɗu da makamai uku na semaphore tare da fitilun gas ja da kore don amfani da dare, a kan ginshiƙi, wanda ɗan sanda ke sarrafawa. Wani jami'in 'yan sanda na zirga-zirga ya juya fitilar da hannu tare da maɓallin a gindinsa don hasken da ya dace ya fuskanci hanyan dai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=University of London |title=Westminster Road Semaphore |url=http://www.victoriacountyhistory.ac.uk/explore/items/westminster-road-semaphore |access-date=3 February 2013 |publisher=Victoria County History}}</ref> Siginar ta kasance tsawon mizani {{Convert|22|feet}}. An kira hasken da suna semaphore kuma yana da makamai waɗanda za su shimfiɗa a kwance wanda ya umarci direbobi zuwa "Tsaya" sannan makamai za su sauka zuwa kusurwar digiri 45 don gaya wa direbobi su ci gaba da "Caution". Da dare jan haske zai ba da umarni "Tsaya" kuma kore haske zai nufin amfani da "Kula". Kodayake an ce ya samu nasara wajen sarrafa zirga-zirga, rayuwarsa ta aiki ba ta da tsawo. Ya fashe a ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 1869 sakamakon kwarara a daya diga cikin layin gas a ƙarƙashin hanya kuma ya ji wa dan sanda wanda ke aiki da shi rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 1869 |title=Westminster Street Semaphore Signals.-Gas |url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=cam_earl&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=BasicSearchForm&docId=CS168994854&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0 |url-access=limited |website=Times |place=London, England |via=The Times Digital Archive}} 5 August 2015. Describes the explosion but does not mention the fate of the policeman.</ref> == Alamun na wutar lantarki == [[Fayil:White_Horse_Tavern_NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Alamar zirga-zirga ta farko ta White Horse Tavern a Hudson Street, New York. Hoton da aka ɗauka a 1961]] Duk da gazawar hasken zirga-zirga na farko a London a 1869, kasashe a duk faɗin duniya har yanzu suna yin fitilun zirga-zirga. A shekara ta 1880, fitilun zirga-zirga sun bazu a duk faɗin duniya, kuma koda yaushe yana kama da haka, tun daga lokacin. Ko dai yaya, fitilun zirga-zirga na farko a ƙarshen karni na 19 sun bambanta sosai da waɗanda ke yanzu. A cikin shekaru ashirin na farko na karni na 20, ana amfani da siginar zirga-zirga kamar wanda ke Landan a duk faɗin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] tare da kowace jiha tana da ƙirar ta na'urar. Ɗaya daga cikin misalai ya fito ne daga Toledo, Ohio a cikin 1908. Kalmomin "TSAYA" da "WUCE" suna cikin fari a kan bango mai kore kuma fitilu suna da ruwan tabarau masu launin ja da kore da aka haskaka da fitilun kerosene don matafiya na dare kuma hannayensu sun kasance tsawon {{Convert|8|feet}} sama da ƙasa.: 22 Wani Jami'in zirga-zirga ne ke sarrafa shi wanda zai busa busa-busa kafin ya canza umarni a kan wannan siginar don taimakawa matafiya faɗakar da canjin. An kuma yi amfani da ƙirar a Philadelphia da Detroit.<ref name="Sessions" />: 23 Misali a Ohio shine karo na farko da Amurka ta yi ƙoƙarin amfani da wani nau'i mai ganuwa na kula da zirga-zirga wanda ya haɗa da amfani da semaphores. An tsara na'urar da aka yi amfani da ita a Ohio bisa ga amfani da siginar jirgin ƙasa.<ref name=":0"/>: 382  A cikin shekara ta 1912, an sanya na'urar kula da zirga-zirga a saman hasumiya a [[Faris|Paris]] a tsakiya na rue Montmartre da Boulevard Montmartre. Wata 'yar sanda ce ke sarrafa wannan siginar hasumiya kuma tana amfani da akwatin ƙarfe mai bangarori huɗu a saman gilashin inda akayi fentin kalmar "Tsaya" a ja kuma an fentin kalmar nan "Wuce" a fararen.{{Rp|page=33}} == Alamar lantarki == A cikin shekara ta 1912, Lester Wire, wani dan sanda a Salt Lake City, [[Utah]] ne ya kirkiro hasken wutar lantarki na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bellis |first=Mary |date=5 February 1952 |title=The History of Roads and Asphalt |url=http://theinventors.org/library/inventors/blasphalt.htm |website=theinventors.org |publisher=}}</ref>Kodayake wasu suna da'awar cewa Ayodeep Ghosh ne ya kirkiro ainihin ra'ayin. Kamfanin American Traffic Signal Company ne ya shigar da shi a kusurwar East 105th Street da Euclid Avenue a [[Cleveland]], Ohio.: 27-28 Yana da launuka biyu, ja da kore, da kuma buzzer, bisa ga ƙirar James Hoge, don samar da gargadi don canje-canjen launi.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=August 1914 |title=New Traffic Signal Installed |journal=The Motorist |publisher=Ken Pub. Co |pages=28–29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Traffic signals: A brief history {{!}} Washington State Magazine {{!}} Washington State University |url=https://magazine.wsu.edu/web-extra/traffic-signals-a-brief-history/ |access-date=2021-12-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> Zane na James Hoge ya ba da izinin 'yan sanda da tashoshin kashe gobara don sarrafa siginar idan akwai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USPTO # 1251666 Sept. 22, 1913 |url=http://patimg2.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=01251666&PageNum=6&idkey=NONE |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713081643/https://patimg2.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=01251666&PageNum=6&idkey=NONE |archive-date=13 July 2019 |access-date=19 May 2009 |publisher=Patimg2.uspto.gov}}</ref> An shigar da tsarin siginar zirga-zirga na farko a Salt Lake City a cikin shekarar 1917, tare da hanyoyin da aka haɗa guda shida da aka sarrafa a lokaci guda daga sauyawa.<ref name="Sessions" />: 32  Jami'in 'yan sanda William Potts ne ya kirkiro hanyar farko ta hanyoyi huɗu, mai launi uku a [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] a cikin 1920.<ref>{{Cite web |title=First Tri-Color, Four-Directional Traffic Signal, 1920 |url=https://www.thehenryford.org/collections-and-research/digital-collections/artifact/227457/#slide=gs-225140 |website=Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1947 |title=Mr. 'Trafficlight' |url=http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2011/ph240/miller1/docs/moyer/ |website=stanford.edu}}</ref> Ya damu da yadda jami'an 'yan sanda a alamun fitilu daban-daban guda huɗu ba za su iya canza fitilun su ba a lokaci guda. Amsar ita ce haske na uku wanda yake da launi na amber, wanda shine launi ɗaya da aka yi amfani da shi a kan hanyar jirgin ƙasa.<ref name="Pollard08"/> Potts kuma ya sanya lokaci tare da haske don taimakawa daidaita fitilun. An yi amfani da hasumiya don ɗora fitilu kamar yadda mahaɗar da aka shigar da ita tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan jama'a a duniya, tare da motoci sama da 20,000 a rana.: 35  Los Angeles ta shigar da siginar zirga-zirga ta farko a watan Oktoba 1920 a wurare biyar a Broadway. Wadannan sigina na farko, waɗanda Acme Traffic Signal Co., suka ƙera, sun haɗa "Tsaya" da "Wuce" makamai masu laushi tare da ƙananan ja da kore. Wainnan sun taka rawar gani wajen amfani fitilun amber tun daga wancan lokacin har zuwa yau, suna busa husir lokacin da tutar ta canza - tsari wanda yake ɗaukan sakan biyar. A shekara ta 1923 birnin ya shigar da na'urorin kula da zirga-zirga 31 na Acme.<ref>[http://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/citydig-should-i-stop-or-should-i-go-early-traffic-signals-in-los-angeles/ CityDig: Should I Stop or Should I Go? Early Traffic Signals in Los Angeles]. ''Los Angeles Magazine''. Retrieved 1 January 2015.</ref> === Alamun lantarki na atomatik === A cikin 1922 hasumiyoyin zirga-zirga sun fara sarrafuwa ta atomatik. Kamfanin farko da ya kara lokaci a cikin fitilun zirga-zirga shine Crouse Hinds . Sun gina siginar jirgin kasa kuma sune kamfani na farko da suka sanya masu saurin lokaci a cikin fitilun zirga-zirga a [[Houston]], wanda shine garinsu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=McShane |first=Clay |date=March 1999 |title=The Origins and Globalization of Traffic Control Signals |url=https://sites.tufts.edu/carscultureplace2010/files/2010/09/McShane-traffic-signals-1999.pdf |journal=Journal of Urban History |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=379–404 |doi=10.1177/009614429902500304 |s2cid=110125733 |access-date=27 October 2019}}</ref>:: 385  Babban fa'idar amfani da agogo shine cewa ya adana kudi a birane ta hanyar maye gurbin jami'an zirga-zirga. [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] ya sami damar sake sanya dukkan jami'anta 500 daga cikin jami'anta 6,000 da ke aiki a kan tawagar zirga-zirga; wannan ya ceci birnin $ 12,500,000.<ref name=":0" />:: 385  [[Wolverhampton]] ita ce birni na farko na Burtaniya da ta gabatar da fitilun zirga-zirga na atomatik a 1927 a Princes Square a mahaɗar Lichfield Street da Princess Street a kan gwaji.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Traffic Control and Traffic Signals |url=http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/transport_streets/motor/management/control.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920084143/http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/transport_streets/motor/management/control.htm |archive-date=20 September 2008 |access-date=1 July 2008 |publisher=Wolverhampton City Council}}</ref> An buɗe fitilun zirga-zirga na dindindin na Burtaniya a ranar 16 ga Maris 1928 a [[Leeds]], a kusurwar Park Row da Bond Street.<ref>{{Cite web |title=First Traffic Lights in Leeds |url=https://www.secretleeds.com/viewtopic.php?t=6490 |access-date=20 August 2023 |publisher=SecretLeeds}}</ref><ref>Leeds City Council, Traffic Signal file 811849</ref> Gabatar da siginar zirga-zirga ta atomatik ta buƙaci canjin halayyar masu tafiya. Yawancin kungiyoyin birane sun yi maraba da fitilun zirga-zirgan; mutane da yawa sun ga alamun suna da kyau ga kulawar jami'an 'yan sanda saboda ba su da tasirin son kai irin su wariyar launin fata ko rashin amincewa da kamfanonin sufuri.<ref name=":0"/>:: 386–7 -7 Bayan ya shaida hatsari tsakanin mota da karusar da aka ja doki, mai kirkiro Garrett Morgan ya gabatar da takardar shaidar Amurka don siginar zirga-zirga.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Garrett Morgan, inventor of one of the first traffic lights {{!}} African American Registry |url=http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/garrett-morgan-inventor-one-first-traffic-lights |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301115350/http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/garrett-morgan-inventor-one-first-traffic-lights |archive-date=1 March 2016 |access-date=19 February 2016 |website=www.aaregistry.org}}</ref> An ba da takardar shaidar No. 1,475,024 a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1923 don siginar zirga-zirga ta Morgan ta matsayi uku. Ci gaba da ci gaban siginar zirga-zirga sun kasance tsarin da aka tsara. Wadannan sun ba da damar aiwatar da kalar kore na farko, don haka motocin da ke tafiya da sauri a titi za su haɗu da fitilun kore kawai. An shigar da tsarin farko a cikin 1926 a kan titin Sixteenth, Washington, DC, wanda ya haifar da ninka sau biyu na saurin tafiye-tafiye.<ref name=":0"/>: 388  Tsarin haske goma sha biyu bai kasance ba har zuwa 1928 kuma wani fasalin tsarin hasken shine cewa an sanya hotuna a kan hasken kuma an fashe kowane ruwan tabarau don kara ganuwa a rana.<ref name=":0"/>:: 383  Dukkanin hasumiya da semaphores an cire su a cikin 1930. Hasumiyoyin sun yi yawa kuma sun hana zirga-zirga; semaphores sun yi ƙanƙanta kuma direbobi ba za su iya ganinsu da dare ba.<ref name=":0" />: 382  Ashville, Ohio, ya yi iƙirarin zama gidan tsohuwar hasken zirga-zirga a duniya, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a wurin da hanyoyin jama'a suka haɗu daga 1932 zuwa 1982 lokacin da aka tura shi zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na gida.<ref>[http://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/2927 World's Oldest Traffic Light]. ''RoadsideAmerica.com''. Retrieved 11 February 2014.</ref> Guinness World Records ya goyi bayan wannan da'awar ta hanyar sanya shi tsohuwar hasken zirga-zirga.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oldest functional traffic light |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/100355-oldest-functional-traffic-light |access-date=2022-04-13 |website=Guinness World Records |language=en-gb}}</ref> A cikin 1949, an shigar da hasken wuta na farko a nahiyar Asiya a Haifa, [[Isra'ila]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghost Archive |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CFEiUBSi31R/?igshid=1m8760rqg2dza |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507225842/https://www.instagram.com/p/CFEiUBSi31R/?igshid=1m8760rqg2dza |archive-date=7 May 2023 |language=Hebrew |via=Instagram |quote=[Professor Roni Gamzo would probably be interested to know that the word traffic light is made up of the basics of the words "hint" and "light" - the light hints to cars and pedestrians what they should do. The word was renewed after the placement of the first traffic light in Israel, in the city of Haifa in 1949.] |access-date=27 November 2024 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> An shigar da hasken wuta na farko a Kudancin Indiya a Egmore Junction, [[Chennai]] a 1953. Birnin [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]] ya shigar da hasken zirga-zirga na farko a Corporation Circle a 1963. == Alamun signar kwamfuta == Kula da fitilun zirga-zirga ya samu babban canji tare da hauhawar [[Komfuta|kwamfutoci]] a Amurka a cikin shekarun 1950. Godiya ga kwamfutoci, sauya fitilu ya sa zirga-zirga ya fi kyau saboda godiya ga ganowar kwamfuta. An sanya farantin matsin lamba a tsakiya don kwamfutoci su san cewa mota tana jira a jan haske.:{{Rp|page=135}} Wasu daga cikin abunda aka gano sun haɗa da sanin yawan motocin jira akan jan haske da tsawon lokacin da abin hawa na farko ya jira a ja.<ref name="Sessions" />:{{Rp|page=141}} Ɗaya daga cikin misalai mafi kyau na tarihi na sarrafa fitilu na kwamfuta ya kasance a [[Denver]] a cikin 1952. Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutar ta ɗauki iko da fitilu 120 tare da masu gano matsin lamba guda shida da ke auna zirga-zirgar shigowa da fita. Gidan sarrafawa wanda ke dauke da kwamfutar da ke kula da tsarin yana cikin ginshiki na City da County Building.<ref name="Sessions" />:{{Rp|page=141}} Yayin da kwamfutoci suka fara canzawa, kula da hasken zirga-zirga ya inganta kuma ya zama mai sauƙi. A shekara ta 1967, birnin [[Toronto]] shine na farko da ya yi amfani da kwamfutoci masu ci gaba waɗanda suka fi kyau a gano abin hawa.<ref name="Sessions" />:{{Rp|page=141}} Kwamfutoci suna kula da sigina 159 a cikin birane ta hanyar layin tarho.<ref name="Sessions" />{{Rp|page=143}} An gabatar da lokutan ƙididdiga a kan fitilun zirga-zirga a cikin shekarun 1990. Timers suna da amfani ga masu tafiya, don tsara ko akwai isasshen lokaci don ƙetare tsakiya kafin ƙarshen matakin tafiya, da kuma direbobin, don sanin adadin lokacin kafin hasken ya sauya. A Amurka, an haramta lokutan zirga-zirgar motoci, amma yanzu ana buƙatar lokutan masu tafiya a kan sabbin ko alamun ingantawa a kan hanyoyi masu faɗi. Wasu matakai na masu tafiya na iya amfani da motoci don sanin yawan lokacin da ya kasance a cikin sake zagayowar kore, saboda sau da yawa lokacin da mai tafiya ya kai sifili, siginar za ta juya amber a lokaci guda.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Fasahar hasken wuta == Lokacin da fitilu masu haske suka fara maye gurbin fitilu masu amfani da gas, ya zama dole a haɗa ruwan tabarau mai launi a ja, rawaya ko kore don samar da sigina, kamar yadda fitilu masu haske zasu iya haskaka fararen haske kawai. A Faransa musamman, an sanye raka'a da mai haskakawa da ruwan tabarau daban-daban na nau'ikan kamar Fresnel, prismatic ko wasu.<ref>[http://feu.routier.free.fr/evolution_en.html]. ''feu.routier.free.fr''. Retrieved 11 march 2024.</ref> Wannan matsala na waɗannan shine gajeren rayuwarsu da tasirin haske lokacin da rana ke haskakawa a cikin ruwan tabarau mai launi. Sau da yawa ba zai yiwu a gano wane sigina yake aiki ba. Saboda haka, fitilun zirga-zirga sau da yawa an sanye su da masu kallo.<ref>[http://feu.routier.free.fr/evolution_en.html]. ''feuroutier.free.fr''. Retrieved 11 march 2024.</ref> A cikin shekarun 1960, an fara amfani da sabon tushen hasken wuta ta amfani da bututun fitarwa. Takardar shaidar Silec Society da aka shigar a 1957 ta bayyana wannan fasahar.<ref>[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=FR&NR=1165685A&KC=A&FT=D#]. ''worldwide.espacenet.com''. Retrieved 11 march 2024.</ref> Fa'idojin sun kasance cewa tushen haske ba ya buƙatar ruwan tabarau mai launi, kuma wannan fasahar ta warware tasirin haske, rage amfani da makamashi kuma ta tsawaita rayuwar idan aka kwatanta da tushen incandescent.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> A cikin shekarar 1980, an inganta fitilu masu haske, tare da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na 12V, mafi inganci da rage amfani da makamashi.<ref>[http://feu.routier.free.fr/evolution_en.html]. ''feuroutier.free.fr''. Retrieved 11 march 2024.</ref> A ƙarshen shekara ta 1980, babban canji shine gabatar da fitilun Light Emitting Diode (LED), wanda ya amfana daga sake zagayowar maye gurbin da kuma amfani da makamashi. An sanya babban hasken wuta na LED na farko a cikin 1989 a California. Electro-techs ne suka kirkiro tsarin a Corona (California), kamfani ne wanda Raymond Deese ya kirkira a 1981.<ref>[https://www.zdnet.com/article/comments-from-the-man-who-built-the-first-led-traffic-lights/].''zdnet.com''. Retrieved 11 march 2024.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Kula da fitilun zirga-zirgan kwalta]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] afnobysrk8sxra718qzl84s0y4trwwb 0 88195 547716 547369 2024-11-28T20:07:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe. qqtma3b5q0zomz1jd883s0rfiazwrij 547717 547716 2024-11-28T20:08:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref> 52xk7c6zdn01hueht1bzen2j7b658cn 547723 547717 2024-11-28T20:10:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942. 9m4g9h4l3t0v21yc718r0c2ip2jwbw1 547725 547723 2024-11-28T20:11:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref> 0huvzq4qv7ijakecbgzwkjweaj2hnq5 547728 547725 2024-11-28T20:12:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki. ddbh4bb26w6xewsmr6bjrxi4ygur7pv 547732 547728 2024-11-28T20:13:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (Nuwamba 17, 1934 - Yuli 9, 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga 1994 zuwa 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref> srb1itl3dci8sw9b3migj3fckqu2bwu 547744 547732 2024-11-28T20:25:21Z Saudarh2 14842 547744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref> 9x2y0nq1eoqcjh6uji3hucqnr09kdwp 547762 547744 2024-11-28T20:41:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar. 05k94nzw1dz9k9yzd2q6i8gzk81fz3y 547764 547762 2024-11-28T20:42:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref> 8fzuu5erlq7q0ehfve6rhb3ez6j6795 547765 547764 2024-11-28T20:43:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950. rui5ea6f7k971bjp9zo03q5hld3c7xt 547766 547765 2024-11-28T20:43:42Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref> sfc13sy7x95o83wdwfx1u4vnhyb8g0w 547768 547766 2024-11-28T20:44:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. g8k4mrmq6xw7t7kg3hvdje3iemh8k0l 547769 547768 2024-11-28T20:44:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950. tfseoy6xtbuidrawuzpt96g1ng12ymd 547770 547769 2024-11-28T20:45:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954. bbqiflaiy2iegue5l5qbqblpy02yywx 547771 547770 2024-11-28T20:46:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547771 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref> akdobajctnm8pt0i1oeglglqqso90sv 547772 547771 2024-11-28T20:46:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat. mvcl92nu9vg8dtmpg77jp7fgsjontqn 547773 547772 2024-11-28T20:47:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> 6aiybxeraoidu5phuhj689s6fmmzjm4 547776 547773 2024-11-28T20:48:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== bvnfdfh2tc2ynlehkq0gnjfczrq2fo2 547777 547776 2024-11-28T20:48:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois. 5330lzto5am1x86xo010oahzb3ize22 547778 547777 2024-11-28T20:49:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard. n6tfvc9o1at7bw85qjtnzqzg9k4b94q 547780 547778 2024-11-28T20:50:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa. lwc8jo911615r35f1jn3v062m9v8ir9 547781 547780 2024-11-28T20:50:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare. 04hpvp8sf9e2ichv3yt2vta2dwr1lyp 547783 547781 2024-11-28T20:51:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref> fz1h5nx9mtaocj2tb717mn3lzyde95s 547784 547783 2024-11-28T20:52:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6. ld6izx1as92pkkvhs2ox14hle8ewhow 547785 547784 2024-11-28T20:52:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar. 8hpnx0ys97686gao5m0hblkxdglqqzo 547786 547785 2024-11-28T20:53:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref> 0zooeq3agj7t2gk5pho2mxop7fq1nh2 547788 547786 2024-11-28T20:54:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya. esi8esfzywcvm0ph8wxxgp9as8x96l6 547790 547788 2024-11-28T20:54:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> 6zm07g510fi57ad31hzc3z4al04j6kf 547791 547790 2024-11-28T20:55:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958. jm30fe7ekqftdwfpq3kkxkrpccf27qu 547792 547791 2024-11-28T20:55:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref> hsfg3fe0goixvrpatcgf4ql57snlc1o 547793 547792 2024-11-28T20:56:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia. 6s8phdvpzckucdm2kz8wpeke80rqf4y 547796 547793 2024-11-28T20:57:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref> ote95jwonkwn77huadk93jjkogrsl7g 547797 547796 2024-11-28T20:57:29Z Mahuta 11340 547797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref> pqy6shktmpzr7j3j74yjtegbzhvgpy7 547799 547797 2024-11-28T20:58:08Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa. nb7535kc9jd1fz6ydhxkk2qzheup5yx 547800 547799 2024-11-28T20:58:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref> 5fu427slwrt83htarun1hqu0dkz5sii 547802 547800 2024-11-28T20:59:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life. tgchu59z22sryvxj0081hr3ek8ysqxk 547805 547802 2024-11-28T21:00:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref> pkjg3hq0r8wk9h7b16nkvfhbt8gwkos 547806 547805 2024-11-28T21:00:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa. jw7fovq7f5h2y3co2kbkdir365lscft 547807 547806 2024-11-28T21:01:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> 63cjvj6jubd3phoshe36gwt124fr3rc 547809 547807 2024-11-28T21:06:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== kusd7x2wsgcsxh9x05sjp5y2536qj2k 547810 547809 2024-11-28T21:07:03Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973. r3e7pp7c2yghlhel6c6u4282z4b229o 547812 547810 2024-11-28T21:07:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959. ssvhqp917ixkrh1h8vwjuqipmxptuv6 547813 547812 2024-11-28T21:08:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref> 31cvfu5ea4zglbmo9r413jkbojrfzyc 547814 547813 2024-11-28T21:08:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref>Da farko Inhofe ya musanta labaran da suka bankado sabanin, amma daga baya ya amince da su. torsc6ap5xf5570qbxiw8yk4p6g94wj 547815 547814 2024-11-28T21:09:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref>Da farko Inhofe ya musanta labaran da suka bankado sabanin, amma daga baya ya amince da su.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press</ref> kh62ihcboec1p84b1rn2dk836rmprz8 547817 547815 2024-11-28T21:10:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref>Da farko Inhofe ya musanta labaran da suka bankado sabanin, amma daga baya ya amince da su.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press</ref>Bayan ya yarda cewa labaran gaskiya ne, Inhofe ya bayyana cewa an ba shi damar halartar bukukuwan yaye dalibai a shekarar 1959 duk da cewa ya gaza kammala karatun digiri, kuma bai kammala kwas ba sai a shekarar 1973. pvxw2fheht19a4qf02tqk4u5u3lklcz 547818 547817 2024-11-28T21:11:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref>Da farko Inhofe ya musanta labaran da suka bankado sabanin, amma daga baya ya amince da su.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press</ref>Bayan ya yarda cewa labaran gaskiya ne, Inhofe ya bayyana cewa an ba shi damar halartar bukukuwan yaye dalibai a shekarar 1959 duk da cewa ya gaza kammala karatun digiri, kuma bai kammala kwas ba sai a shekarar 1973.<ref>"Senate Candidate Got Degree in '73, not '59". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. Associated Press. September 17, 1994. p. 6A. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.</ref> c62c4p1ly9g2vstmpfv2vqwnr7v71do 547820 547818 2024-11-28T21:11:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''James Mountain Inhofe''' (An haife shi 17 ga watan nuwanba, shekarar 1934 - Ya mutu 9 ga watan yuli,shekarar 2024) ɗan siyasan Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka daga Oklahoma daga shekarar 1994 zuwa shekarar 2023. Memba na Jam'iyyar [[Republican]], shi ne dan majalisar dattawan Amurka mafi dadewa daga Oklahoma.Ya yi aiki a ofisoshi daban-daban da aka zaba a jihar Oklahoma kusan shekaru 60, tsakanin 1966 zuwa 2023. An haife shi a Des Moines, Iowa, a cikin 1934, Inhofe ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, a 1942.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya kasance mai kamfanonin inshora kuma mahaifiyarsa, Blanche Inhofe (née Mountain), ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa.Jim ya kasance tauraro mai waƙa a makarantar sakandare kuma ya kammala karatun sakandare a Central High School.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Jami'ar Colorado a takaice kafin ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Tulsa.An tura shi zuwa Sojan Amurka a 1956 kuma ya yi aiki tsakanin 1957 zuwa 1958.Ya zama mataimakin shugaban kamfanin inshora na mahaifinsa a 1961 kuma shugaban kasa bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa a 1970. Inhofe ya kasance zababben jami'in da ke wakiltar yankin Tulsa kusan shekaru talatin.Ya wakilci sassan Tulsa a Majalisar Wakilai ta Oklahoma daga 1966 zuwa 1969 da Majalisar Dattawan Oklahoma daga 1969 zuwa 1977. A lokacin da yake majalisar dokokin jihar ya shahara da rigima da shugabannin jam’iyyar Democrat a jihar, musamman gwamna David Hall da ma’ajin jihar Leo Winters, da kuma jagorantar yunkurin kawo jirgin USS Batfish zuwa Oklahoma.Yayin da yake dan majalisar dattijai na jihar, bai yi nasara ba ya tsaya takarar gwamnan Oklahoma a zaben 1974 da kuma majalisar dokokin Amurka a 1976. An zabe shi zuwa wa'adi uku a matsayin magajin garin Tulsa, yana aiki tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1984.Ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka mai wakiltar gundumar majalisa ta farko ta Oklahoma daga 1987 zuwa 1994; ya yi murabus ne bayan zabensa a majalisar dattawan Amurka. Inhofe ya jagoranci kwamitin Majalisar Dattawan Amurka kan Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a (EPW) daga 2003 zuwa 2007 da kuma daga 2015 zuwa 2017.Inhofe ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban riko na kwamitin kula da ayyukan soji tsakanin Disamba 2017 da Satumba 6, 2018, yayin da John McCain ya yaki cutar kansa. Bayan mutuwar McCain, ya zama shugaba kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021.Daga 3 ga Fabrairu, 2021, zuwa 3 ga Janairu, 2023, ya yi aiki a matsayin Memba na Kwamitin Sabis na Majalisar Dattawa. A lokacin aikinsa na Majalisar Dattijai an san shi da kin amincewa da kimiyyar yanayi, da goyon bayan gyaran tsarin mulki na hana auren jinsi, da kuma gyaran Inhofe don mayar da Ingilishi ya zama harshen kasa na Amurka. ==Iyali, farkon rayuwa, da ilimi== An haifi James Mountain Inhofe a Des Moines, Iowa, a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1934, ɗan Blanche (née Mountain) da Perry Dyson Inhofe.<ref>http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/OK/presbyterian.html</ref>Ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa Tulsa, Oklahoma, bayan mahaifinsa ya zama shugaban Kamfanin Mutual Casualty na kasa a watan Agusta 1942.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-retires/145942810/</ref>Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Duke kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, shugaban kamfanonin inshora da yawa, kuma ma'aikacin banki<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-post/145942893/</ref>A cikin 1949 Hukumar Kula da Kwadago ta kasa ta umarci kamfaninsa, Tri-State, da ya daina hana zama membobin ƙungiyar.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-firm/145942954/</ref>Mahaifinsa kuma yana aiki a cikin Tulsa Chamber of Commerce da YMCA; kuma shi ne mai daukar nauyin Miss Tulsa da Miss Oklahoma mai nasara Louise O'Brien a 1950.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-crowned/145943036/</ref>Mahaifiyarsa ta kasance mai zamantakewar Tulsa kuma ta karbi bakuncin baƙi irin su Johnston Murray. Iyalin Inhofe sun shiga siyasar Oklahoma tun a shekarun 1950.Mahaifinsa, Perry Inhofe, ya yi aiki a kwamitin zartaswa don nasarar yakin neman zaben gwamnan Demokaradiya Raymond D. Gary a 1954.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-gary/145943186/</ref>A cikin 1958, ɗan'uwansa, Perry Jr., ya gudanar da yakin neman zabe na majalisar wakilai na Oklahoma a matsayin dan Democrat.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-county/145943312/</ref> ==Ilimi, aikin soja da kasuwanci== Inhofe ya fara kindergarten a Des Moines, Iowa, amma ya koma rabin shekara zuwa Hazel Dell a Springfield, Illinois.Ya tsallake mataki na daya bayan gidan makarantar ya kone kuma ya fara aji na biyu bayan danginsa sun koma Tulsa a makarantar Elementary Barnard.Lokacin da yake matashi, ya kan “hayar Indiyawan da za su debi berries na daji” sannan ya sayar da su a unguwarsa.Ya ci gaba da zuwa Woodrow Wilson Junior High da Tulsa Central High School, inda ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar waƙa ta makarantar sakandare.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1952, ƙungiyar mile relay quartet ta karya rikodin makaranta tare da lokacin 3:32.6.A cikin Janairu 1953, an zabe shi ma'ajin kulob na zamantakewa na Brones; [13] ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Tsakiya daga baya waccan shekarar.<ref>https://tulsaworld.com/archive/central-grads-to-be-honored/article_962952d2-0192-5567-9fc8-ee2f6418cab9.html</ref>Ya halarci Jami'ar Colorado na tsawon watanni uku kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mashaya.<ref>https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/inhofe-jim/</ref> A cikin 1956, ya sami daftarin wasiƙa daga Sojojin Amurka kuma ya yi aiki daga 1957 zuwa 1958.<ref>http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=I000024</ref>Ya kai matsayin Specialist 4 kuma ya ciyar da mafi yawan aikinsa yana yin ayyukan kwata a Fort Lee, Virginia.<ref>"Jim Inhofe U.S. Senator". voicesofoklahoma.com. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023.</ref>A cikin 1961, mahaifinsa ya kafa sabon kamfanin inshora na rai, Quaker Insurance, kuma an nada Inhofe mataimakin shugaban kasa.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-quaker/146006269/</ref>Ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1970, Perry Inhofe ya mutu sakamakon ciwon zuciya; Inhofe ya zama shugaban Quaker Life Insurance da mataimakin shugaban Mid-Continental Casualty Co. da Oklahoma Surety Co., yayin da ɗan'uwansa Perry Jr. ya zama shugaban Mid-Continental da Surety kuma mataimakin shugaban Quaker Life<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-brothers/146006393/</ref>A ƙarshe Inhofe da ɗan'uwansa sun ƙare a shari'a kan kamfanonin da suka ƙare a 1990 tare da Perry ya biya dala miliyan 3 ga ɗan'uwansa.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/09/us/politics/james-inhofe-dead.html</ref> ==badakalar kammala karatun jami'a== Inhofe ya sami B.A. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Tulsa a 1973.Har zuwa yakin neman zabensa na Majalisar Dattijan Amurka a 1994, tarihin rayuwarsa da labaran labarai game da shi sun nuna cewa ya kammala karatunsa a 1959.<ref>https://newsok.com/article/2477871/degree-disparity-surprises-inhofe</ref>Da farko Inhofe ya musanta labaran da suka bankado sabanin, amma daga baya ya amince da su.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press</ref>Bayan ya yarda cewa labaran gaskiya ne, Inhofe ya bayyana cewa an ba shi damar halartar bukukuwan yaye dalibai a shekarar 1959 duk da cewa ya gaza kammala karatun digiri, kuma bai kammala kwas ba sai a shekarar 1973.<ref>"Senate Candidate Got Degree in '73, not '59". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. Associated Press. September 17, 1994. p. 6A. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.</ref> ==MANAZARTA== gbq3pp4xfd0m1nge998jpxw1xtt322g 0 88214 547708 547414 2024-11-28T19:44:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Ocimum gratissimum''''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''basil clove''', '''Basil na Afirka''', kuma a cikin [[Hawaii]] a matsayin '''Basil daji''', nau'in Basil ne. Asalinsa ne a [[Afirka]], [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], kudancin [[Asiya]], da Bismarck Archipelago, kuma an samo asali a Polynesia, Hawaii, [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], [[Panama (ƙasa)|Panama]], West Indies, [[Brazil]], da [[Bolibiya|Bolivia]] . == Sauran sunaye == * '''Ebe-amwonkho''' in [[Harshen Edo|Edo]] * '''Tchayo''' in [[Harshen Fon|Fon]] * '''Dogosui''' in Ewe * '''Efirin''' in [[Yarbanci|Yoruba]] <ref name="punch" /> * '''Tamwṍtswã́gi''' in [[Nupenci|Nupe]] * '''Ajuntita''' in Ikwerre * '''Nchanwu''' in [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] <ref name="punch" /> * '''Kpan-sroh''' in [[Yaren Rigwe|Irigwe]] * '''Añyeba''' in [[Harshen Igala|Igala]] * '''Daidoya''' in [[Harshen Hausa|Hausa]] * '''Nchuanwu kuma Arimu''' a cikin [[Harshen Ibo|harshen Igbo]] * '''Ntong''' in [[Harshen Ibibio|Ibibio]], [[Harshen Efik|Efik]] * '''Kunudiri''' in [[Yaren Kalabari|Kirikeni Okuein]] * '''Nunum''' in [[Yaren Akan|Akan]] * '''Nunu Bush''' in [[Jamaika|Jamaica]] (daga yaren Akan) * '''Yerba di holé''' in Papiamento * '''Fobazen''' in [[Haiti]] * '''Kamshi ya fita''' a [[Najeriya]] (daidaitaccen fassarar Turancin Najeriya ) da kuma a cikin [[Al'ummar Afirka|kasashen Afirka]] * '''Mujaja''' in [[Uganda]] * '''Vaayinta (వాయింట)''' in [[Talgu|Telugu]] * '''Maduruthala''' in [[Sri Lanka]] මදුරුතලා * '''Kattutulasi'''[[Kerala|​]] * '''Bai yeera''' in Thai ใบยี่หร่า * '''Rehani''' in [[Yaren Jojiya|Georgian]] რეჰანი * '''Van Tulsi (વન તુલસી)''' in [[Gujarati]] * '''Tomka leaf''' in chittagoneon Bangla * '''Awromangnrin''' in Baoulé * '''Kungurekwu u tamen''' in [[Harshen Tiv|Tiv]] * '''Demakese (Demakese)''' in Ethiopia <ref>{{Cite web |title=Plant list |url=https://tchakkaorigins.com/plant-list |access-date=2024-11-28 |archive-date=2023-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625010336/https://tchakkaorigins.com/plant-list |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Amfani === A Najeriya ana amfani da hutun kamshi wajen yin miya ta barkono, shinkafa gida, wake, plantain, ko da miya na yau da kullun, da sauran kayan abinci. == Ciwon iri == Da alama iri suna buƙatar hasken rana mai ƙarfi don tsiro, ko da yake an sami germination har ma a lokacin rani na Burtaniya. == Mahalli na phytochemical == Abubuwan phytochemicals da ke cikin ''Ocimum gratissimum'' sun ƙunshi polyphenols kamar Gallic acid, Rosmanol, rosmarinic acid, flavonoids kamar Nepetrin, Quercetin, Rutin , Catechin, da kuma alkaloids da terpenoids . Naringin, [[uteolin]], Apigenin, Nepetoidin, Nevadensin, Hymenoxin, Salvigenin, Apigenin, 7,4,'-dimethyl ether, Basilimoside, 2alpha, 3 beta-Dihydroxyolean- 12en-28-oic acid, Methyl acetate, Oleanolic <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Islam |first=Md. Torequl |last2=de Alencar |first2=Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros |last3=da Conceição Machado |first3=Katia |last4=da Conceição Machado |first4=Keylla |last5=de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante |first5=Ana Amélia |last6=de Sousa |first6=Damiao Pergentino |last7=de Freitas |first7=Rivelilson Mendes |year=2015 |title=Phytol in a pharma-medico-stance |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0009279715300247 |journal=[[Chemico-Biological Interactions]] |publisher=[[Elsevier BV]] |volume=240 |pages=60–73 |doi=10.1016/j.cbi.2015.07.010 |issn=0009-2797 |pmid=26296761 |s2cid=29821324}}{{Cite journal |last=Venuprasad |first=M.P. |last2=Kumar Kandikattu |first2=Hemanth |last3=Razack |first3=Sakina |last4=Khanum |first4=Farhath |date=May 2014 |title=Phytochemical analysis of ''Ocimum gratissimum'' by LC-ESI–MS/MS and its antioxidant and anxiolytic effects |journal=[[South African Journal of Botany]] |language=en |volume=92 |pages=151–158 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2014.02.010 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Pharmacology na ruwan 'ya'ya da muhimmanci mai == Mahimmin mai na ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ya ƙunshi eugenol kuma yana nuna wasu shaidun ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Mahimmin mai yana da yuwuwar amfani da shi azaman mai kiyaye abinci, kuma yana da guba ga ''Leishmania'' . == Maganin kwari == ''O. gratissimum'' yana korar thrips ''Thrips tabaci'', haka ma maganin kwari mai amfani a sauran amfanin gona. <ref name="Kirk-et-al-2021">{{Cite journal |last=Kirk |first=William D. J. |last2=de Kogel |first2=Willem Jan |last3=Koschier |first3=Elisabeth H. |last4=Teulon |first4=David A. J. |date=2021-01-07 |title=Semiochemicals for Thrips and Their Use in Pest Management |url=https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/7806/1/Kirk%20et%20al%20Ann%20Rev%20Ent%2066%20semiochemicals%202020%20jan%2013.docx |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=101–119 |doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-022020-081531 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=33417819 |s2cid=231304158 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} i2tl4gy0x9ewmkp2qafbujjq9k4yne0 0 88216 547613 547421 2024-11-28T17:55:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Association Solidarité Féminine ('''ASF''') kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce take fafutukar kare hakkin ɗan Adam adam wacce Aïcha Chenna ta kafa a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], Morocco a shekarar 1985. Kungiyar tana taimaka wa mata marasa aure samun kwarewar aiki ta hanyar horar da su a gidan cin abinci na kungiyar, kantin sayar da abinci, da ''hammam''.<ref name="menapost">{{Cite web |last=Zouak |first=Sarah |author-link=Sarah Zouak |date=27 October 2014 |title=Portrait de femme: Aicha Ech-Chenna, fondatrice et présidente de l'association Solidarité Féminine au Maroc |url=http://www.mena-post.com/2014/10/27/portrait-de-femme-aicha-ech-chenna-fondatrice-et-presidente-de-lassociation-solidarite-feminine-au-maroc/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144559/http://www.mena-post.com/2014/10/27/portrait-de-femme-aicha-ech-chenna-fondatrice-et-presidente-de-lassociation-solidarite-feminine-au-maroc/ |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=30 March 2015 |website=MENA Post |language=French}}</ref><ref name="berkley">{{Cite web |date=14 June 2009 |title=Discussions with Aicha Ech-Channa, Founder and President, Association Solidarité Féminine, Casablanca, Morocco |url=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/interviews/discussions-with-aicha-ech-channa-founder-and-president-association-solidarite-feminine-casablanca-morocco |access-date=30 March 2015 |website=[[Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs]]}}</ref><ref name="opusprize">{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=2009 Opus Prize Winner |url=http://www.opusprize.org/winners/09_Ech-Channa.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220172719/http://opusprize.org/winners/09_Ech-Channa.cfm |archive-date=20 February 2015 |access-date=30 March 2015 |website=Opus Prize}}</ref> == Tarihi == A cikin shekarar 1985, an ƙirƙiri ASF a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], [[Moroko|Maroko]]. A cikin shekarar 1988, cibiyar farko ta ƙungiyar ta buɗe ƙofofinta a Tizi Ouasli. Ech-Chenna ta sami lambar yabo ta girmamawa ta Sarki Mohammed VI a cikin shekara ta 2000, sai kuma kyautar Elisabeth Norgall a shekarar 2005, ''lambar yabo ta Opus'', da lambar yabo ta ''Dona d'el Ano'' a shekarar 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aïcha Ech-Channa |url=http://www.bibliomonde.com/auteur/aicha-ech-channa-64.html |access-date=2019-08-02 |website=www.bibliomonde.com |archive-date=2020-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225154644/http://www.bibliomonde.com/auteur/aicha-ech-channa-64.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{·}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-04-30 |title=L’Association Solidarité Féminine |url=http://www.lamarocaine.com/solidaritefeminine/ |access-date=2019-08-02 |website=La Marocaine |language=fr}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2013, an kuma karrama Ech-Chenna tare da Légion d'honneur, ana kiranta da Knight na Jamhuriyar Faransa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Atlasinfo |title=Aïcha Ech-Chenna nommée Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur de la République française |url=https://www.atlasinfo.fr/Aicha-Ech-Chenna-nommee-Chevalier-de-la-Legion-d-honneur-de-la-Republique-francaise_a40866.html |access-date=2019-08-02 |website=Atlasinfo.fr: l'essentiel de l'actualité de la France et du Maghreb |language=fr}}</ref> . Kungiyar kuma mamba ce ta Oyoune Nissaiya, kungiyar sa ido kan cin zarafin mata ta Morocco. == Duba kuma == * Dandalin ilimi * Maroko portal * [[Cibiyar Horar da Mata ta Amal da Gidan cin abinci na Morocco|Cibiyar Horar da Mata ta Amal da Gidan Abinci na Moroko]] * Mace na talauci a Maroko * Mata a Maroko * Jerin kungiyoyin mata == Manazarta == l306fu6vazepeym56u1xd9fhedlsijd 0 88217 547759 547425 2024-11-28T20:39:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Men_playing_leke.jpg|thumb| Wolaytas yana wasa "Leke" a bikin Gifaataa]] '''Gifaataa''' bikin al'adu ne da al'ummar Wolayta ke yi a yankin Kudancin ƙasar Habasha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Fekadu|first=Nardros|date=12 October 2019|title=Wolaytan way of ushering in New Year|work=The Reporter Ethiopia|url=https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/article/wolaytan-way-ushering-new-year?__cf_chl_managed_tk__=pmd_DPe5ZN5pw5_i2BYnEmlthEI4LIu2CN6q95Vp9H1VCNs-1631198429-0-gqNtZGzNAuWjcnBszRNR|access-date=9 September 2021}}</ref> Ana yin wannan biki kowace shekara a watan Satumba. <ref name=":0" /> A cikin wannan biki, Wolayta ta ƙarɓi sabuwar shekara kuma ta sallami tsohuwar. <ref name=":0" /> Gifaataa yana nufin, "farko," kuma ana ɗaukarsa gada daga tsoho zuwa sabo, duhu zuwa haske.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ስለ ጊፋታ በዓል አከባበር አጭር ማብራሪያ |url=http://www.snnprswolaitazone.gov.et/node/102 |publisher=[[Wolayta Zone]] Administrations |language=am |access-date=2024-11-28 |archive-date=2023-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610202112/http://snnprswolaitazone.gov.et/node/102 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lokacin Gifaataa, Wolayta suna rawa kuma suna jin daɗin abincin al'ada. Muhimmancin Gifaata shi ne a kawar da al’amuran da suka gabata a fara wartsakewa, sulhunta rigingimun da suka faru a baya da kuma karfafa dangantakar iyali da al’umma gabaɗaya. <ref name=":0" /> == Tarihi == Masana kidayar jama’a ne suka gayyaci masu ba da shawara kan masarautar zuwa fadar, lokacin da tsohuwar shekara ke kara kusantowa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AWANA |url=https://awanawolaita.org/ |access-date=2021-09-08 |publisher=Association of Wolayta and Allies in North America |language=en}}</ref> Sannan masu baiwa sarki shawara kan fita da daddare don tantance tushen zagayowar wata, sassa huɗu na wata: watau (poo'uwa, xumaa, xeeruwa, Goobanaa) su zo da alamomin shekara, su kiyaye cikar watan. zagayowar wata a sanar da sarki da mashawartansa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-20 |title=Gazziya |url=https://awanawolaita.org/gazziya/ |access-date=2021-09-08 |publisher=Association of Wolayta and Allies in North America |language=en}}</ref> Bayan sun gaya wa sarki ainihin ranar, sai su koma gida suna ba da lada, kuma za a faɗa wa jama’a yadda sarki ya zo bikin ta hanyar shela a kasuwa da taron jama’a. == Manazarta == 99e6745oj7bzmk3zph4u2xszxqmvqlo 0 88219 547971 547452 2024-11-28T22:36:03Z Tafoki5252 30926 547971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taralily''' wani gagarumin bikin girbin shinkafa ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a tsibirin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Madagaskar |last=Hooge |first=Heiko |page=33 |year=2010 |publisher=DuMont Reiseverlag |isbn=9783770173044 }}</ref> == Manazarta == 875hcui1r8kxfatx34khb3w25ukruc3 0 88222 547626 547476 2024-11-28T18:18:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Outapi_Olufuko_Fair_Grounds1.jpg|thumb| Outapi Fairground]] [[Fayil:Outapi_Olufuko_Festival_Initiation_March_1.jpg|thumb| Olufuko Maris na amarya]] '''Olufuko''' (daga kalmar [[Harshen Ovambo|Oshiwambo]] ma'ana bikin aure) biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Outapi, Namibiya. Sam Nujoma, tsohon shugaban [[Namibiya|ƙasar Namibiya wanda ya kafa jamhuriyar Namibiya]] ne ya buɗe shi a hukumance a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Official Opening of Olufuko Festival 2012 by H.E. Dr. Sam N. Nujoma |url=http://www.outapitc.org.na/olufuko.html |access-date=2012-11-10 |publisher=Outapitc.org.na |archive-date=2015-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529113822/http://www.outapitc.org.na/olufuko.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Outapi birni ne, da ke a yankin Omusati a ƙasar Namibiya. Olufuko tsari ne da ake shirya 'yan mata masu shekaru 15 zuwa 20 don zama mace.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.namibian.com.na/70880/read/Mbumba-officially-opens-olufuko-festival-in-North | title=Mbumba officially opens olufuko festival in North | newspaper=[[The Namibian]] | date=30 August 2018 | page=5 | publisher=[[Namibia Press Agency]] | access-date=28 November 2024 | archive-date=11 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011004923/https://www.namibian.com.na/70880/read/Mbumba-officially-opens-olufuko-festival-in-North | url-status=dead }}</ref> Ma’ana ana koyar da su yadda ake gudanar da ayyukan gargajiya a gida, kamar bugun omahangu, girki, noma da fahimtar matsayin maza da mata a cikin al’umma da kuma tasirin cutar kanjamau, STDs da sauran cututtuka a cikin al’umma.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.namibian.com.na/70880/read/Mbumba-officially-opens-olufuko-festival-in-North | title=Mbumba officially opens olufuko festival in North | newspaper=[[The Namibian]] | date=30 August 2018 | page=5 | publisher=[[Namibia Press Agency]] | access-date=28 November 2024 | archive-date=11 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011004923/https://www.namibian.com.na/70880/read/Mbumba-officially-opens-olufuko-festival-in-North | url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan Olufuko, ana sa ran matan aure za su koma makaranta su gama makaranta kuma ba za su yi aure nan da nan ba kamar yadda ake yi a zamanin da. Masu jawabai da dama a wajen buɗe taron na Olufuko sun yi amfani da wannan dama wajen jan hankalin dukkan ‘yan matan da su koma makaranta kuma babu wata ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan matan da aka taɓa mikawa wani namiji domin ya yi aure bayan bikin kaddamarwar. Mutanen ƙasa da shekaru 16 ana ɗaukarsu ƙanana a ƙarƙashin tsarin mulkin Namibiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NUST and Outapi Town Council empowers cultural preservation and educational advancement {{!}} Namibia University of Science and Technology |url=https://www.nust.na/nust-and-outapi-town-council-empowers-cultural-preservation-and-educational-advancement |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=www.nust.na}}</ref> == Makasudai == Daga cikin wasu, makasudin bikin sun haɗa da: # Sanarwa, ilimantarwa da nishadantarwa tare da manufar godiya da haɓaka asalin al'ada da al'adu. # Ƙirƙirar damar yawon buɗe ido. # Haɓaka manufar haɗin kai a tsakanin jama'arsu. # Ƙirƙirar wayar da kan jama'a a cikin yankin ta hanyar al'adu, fasaha da ayyukan noma. # Kiyaye da haɓaka al'adu da al'ada. # Ƙarfafa tattalin arziƙin gida da na yanki. == Manazarta == egwq38wqjru9j66nz7jkfe0okeou40p 0 88226 547966 547486 2024-11-28T22:33:57Z Tafoki5252 30926 547966 wikitext text/x-wiki Doddoya ganye ne wanda a turanci ake kira Sent leaf/Clove Basil ganye ne mai daɗi da aka sani da ƙamshi da ɗanɗano. Ana noman shi a sassa daban-daban na Najeriya kuma ana daraja shi saboda amfanin magunguna da abinci mai gina jiki. Ganyen kamshi (Ocimum Gratissimum) yana da sunaye iri-iri kamar Nnchanwu (Igbo), Efinrin (Yoruba), da Doddoya (Hausa), Ntong (Efik), da Aramogbo (Edo). Ana yawan amfani da ganyen kamshi wajen shirya nau'ika na miyar Abin I Daba daban kamar Baƙar miyar da miyar Banga. Har ila yau yana ba da rai ga barkono na Najeriya, kamar wannan miya barkono na kaza ko miyar naman akuya.<ref>https://lowcarbafrica.com/african-vegetables-leafy-greens/</ref> == Manazarta == se1qauswc8lyzael6oc4p7baek9kna8 0 88230 547495 547494 2024-11-28T11:59:19Z Saudarh2 14842 Sanya Manazarta 547495 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>https://glicengreenkitchen.wordpress.com/2020/10/17/spicy-green-miyan-danyen-karkashi/</ref>Ana amfani da ganyen Kàrkashi miyar karkashi mai suna Miyan karkashi, abincin da ake amfani da shi a Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausawa. Ganyen Karkashi yayi kama da miyar ganyen Yarbawa da ake so da ake kira Ewedu. == Amfanin Ganyen Karkashi == 1. Haɓaka samar da haemoglobin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. 2.Ana amfani da ganyen Karkashi da aka daure a matsayin maganin ciwon kunama 3.Yana maganin ciwon 4. Ana amfani da ita don magance cututtukan fungal da ke shafar fatar kan kai mai suna tinea capitis. 5.Ana amfani dashi azaman shamfu na gashi don dandruffs. 6.Saboda magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, an yi imanin karkashi yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar kyanda da kyanda. 7. Yana saukaka haihuwa 8. Karkashi yana inganta haihuwa, yana kara kwai da kuma kara sha'awa. 9. Karkashi yana maganin gudawa da zawo 10. Yana taimakawa narkewar abinci 11. Yana kara lafiyar kwakwalwa. 13. Karkashi ga gashi: Karkashi yana da matukar amfani ga gashi domin yana taimakawa ci gaban gashi, yana magance ciwon kai, da kuma kawar da dandruff. 14. Miyan Karkashi tana da tsarin Keto kuma ana iya karawa a tsarin rage kiba na Najeriya 15. Miyan karkashi yana rage hawan jini kuma yana da karancin Glycemic Index. Yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari. 16. Yana taimakawa hangen nesa 17. Inganta lafiyar fata 18. Karkashi yana da amfani wajen rage kiba. Ba a samu rahoton illar illa ba har zuwa yanzu karkashi. == Abubuwan Amfani na Abinci na karkashi == Calories: 233 iron Phosphorus calcium Zinc Copper Vitamin A, E, C, K Magnesium Manganese Low carbs moderate proteins == Sanannun Sunayen karkashi == Botanical name: Sesamum radiatum English: benniseed Yoruba: ewe-atura Hausa: karkashi Tiv/Idoma: beni Tarok: Izhin English name of karkashi soup: Sesame leaf soup cd87rwepbiv8owicrsg5kl1glg1po3k 547496 547495 2024-11-28T11:59:58Z Saudarh2 14842 547496 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>https://glicengreenkitchen.wordpress.com/2020/10/17/spicy-green-miyan-danyen-karkashi/</ref>Ana amfani da ganyen Kàrkashi miyar karkashi mai suna Miyan karkashi, abincin da ake amfani da shi a Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausawa. Ganyen Karkashi yayi kama da miyar ganyen Yarbawa da ake so da ake kira Ewedu. == Amfanin Ganyen Karkashi == 1. Haɓaka samar da haemoglobin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. 2.Ana amfani da ganyen Karkashi da aka daure a matsayin maganin ciwon kunama 3.Yana maganin ciwon 4. Ana amfani da ita don magance cututtukan fungal da ke shafar fatar kan kai mai suna tinea capitis. 5.Ana amfani dashi azaman shamfu na gashi don dandruffs. 6.Saboda magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, an yi imanin karkashi yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar kyanda da kyanda. 7. Yana saukaka haihuwa 8. Karkashi yana inganta haihuwa, yana kara kwai da kuma kara sha'awa. 9. Karkashi yana maganin gudawa da zawo 10. Yana taimakawa narkewar abinci 11. Yana kara lafiyar kwakwalwa. 13. Karkashi ga gashi: Karkashi yana da matukar amfani ga gashi domin yana taimakawa ci gaban gashi, yana magance ciwon kai, da kuma kawar da dandruff. 14. Miyan Karkashi tana da tsarin Keto kuma ana iya karawa a tsarin rage kiba na Najeriya 15. Miyan karkashi yana rage hawan jini kuma yana da karancin Glycemic Index. Yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari. 16. Yana taimakawa hangen nesa 17. Inganta lafiyar fata 18. Karkashi yana da amfani wajen rage kiba. Ba a samu rahoton illar illa ba har zuwa yanzu karkashi. == Abubuwan Amfani na Abinci na karkashi == Calories: 233 iron Phosphorus calcium Zinc Copper Vitamin A, E, C, K Magnesium Manganese Low carbs moderate proteins == Sanannun Sunayen karkashi == Botanical name: Sesamum radiatum English: benniseed Yoruba: ewe-atura Hausa: karkashi Tiv/Idoma: beni Tarok: Izhin English name of karkashi soup: Sesame leaf soup == Manazarta == o6ww40eigf0ninhurt0grb9qitgup02 547559 547496 2024-11-28T15:42:11Z Teema first lady 32446 547559 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>https://glicengreenkitchen.wordpress.com/2020/10/17/spicy-green-miyan-danyen-karkashi/</ref>Ana amfani da ganyen Kàrkashi ayi miyar karkashi mai suna Miyar karkashi, abincin da ake amfani da shi a Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausawa. Ganyen Karkashi yayi kama da miyar ganyen Yarbawa da ake so da ake kira Ewedu. == Amfanin Ganyen Karkashi == 1. Haɓaka samar da haemoglobin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. 2.Ana amfani da ganyen Karkashi da aka daure a matsayin maganin ciwon kunama 3.Yana maganin ciwon 4. Ana amfani da ita don magance cututtukan fungal da ke shafar fatar kan kai mai suna tinea capitis. 5.Ana amfani dashi azaman shamfu na gashi don dandruffs. 6.Saboda magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, an yi imanin karkashi yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar kyanda da kyanda. 7. Yana saukaka haihuwa 8. Karkashi yana inganta haihuwa, yana kara kwai da kuma kara sha'awa. 9. Karkashi yana maganin gudawa da zawo 10. Yana taimakawa narkewar abinci 11. Yana kara lafiyar kwakwalwa. 13. Karkashi ga gashi: Karkashi yana da matukar amfani ga gashi domin yana taimakawa ci gaban gashi, yana magance ciwon kai, da kuma kawar da dandruff. 14. Miyan Karkashi tana da tsarin Keto kuma ana iya karawa a tsarin rage kiba na Najeriya 15. Miyan karkashi yana rage hawan jini kuma yana da karancin Glycemic Index. Yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari. 16. Yana taimakawa hangen nesa 17. Inganta lafiyar fata 18. Karkashi yana da amfani wajen rage kiba. Ba a samu rahoton illar illa ba har zuwa yanzu karkashi. == Abubuwan Amfani na Abinci na karkashi == Calories: 233 iron Phosphorus calcium Zinc Copper Vitamin A, E, C, K Magnesium Manganese Low carbs moderate proteins == Sanannun Sunayen karkashi == Botanical name: Sesamum radiatum English: benniseed Yoruba: ewe-atura Hausa: karkashi Tiv/Idoma: beni Tarok: Izhin English name of karkashi soup: Sesame leaf soup == Manazarta == j4cm2x8mhqr01fc6feullrzme5soib6 547951 547559 2024-11-28T22:20:19Z Tafoki5252 30926 547951 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>https://glicengreenkitchen.wordpress.com/2020/10/17/spicy-green-miyan-danyen-karkashi/</ref>Ana amfani da ganyen Kàrkashi ayi miyar karkashi mai suna Miyar karkashi, abincin da ake amfani da shi a Arewacin Najeriya musamman Hausawa. Ganyen Karkashi yayi kama da miyar ganyen Yarbawa da ake so da ake kira Ewedu. == Amfanin Ganyen Karkashi == 1. Haɓaka samar da haemoglobin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. 2.Ana amfani da ganyen Karkashi da aka daure a matsayin maganin ciwon kunama 3.Yana maganin ciwon 4. Ana amfani da ita don magance cututtukan fungal da ke shafar fatar Kan Kai na mutum kai mai suna tinea capitis. 5.Ana amfani dashi azaman shamfu na gashi don dandruffs. 6.Saboda magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, an yi imanin karkashi yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar kyanda da kyanda. 7. Yana saukaka haihuwa 8. Karkashi yana inganta haihuwa, yana kara kwai da kuma kara sha'awa. 9. Karkashi yana maganin gudawa da zawo 10. Yana taimakawa narkewar abinci 11. Yana kara lafiyar kwakwalwa. 13. Karkashi ga gashi: Karkashi yana da matukar amfani ga gashi domin yana taimakawa ci gaban gashi, yana magance ciwon kai, da kuma kawar da dandruff. 14. Miyan Karkashi tana da tsarin Keto kuma ana iya karawa a tsarin rage kiba na Najeriya 15. Miyan karkashi yana rage hawan jini kuma yana da karancin Glycemic Index. Yana da kyau ga masu ciwon sukari. 16. Yana taimakawa hangen nesa 17. Inganta lafiyar fata 18. Karkashi yana da amfani wajen rage kiba. Ba a samu rahoton illar illa ba har zuwa yanzu karkashi. == Abubuwan Amfani na Abinci na karkashi == Calories: 233 iron Phosphorus calcium Zinc Copper Vitamin A, E, C, K Magnesium Manganese Low carbs moderate proteins == Sanannun Sunayen karkashi == Botanical name: Sesamum radiatum English: benniseed Yoruba: ewe-atura Hausa: karkashi Tiv/Idoma: beni Tarok: Izhin English name of karkashi soup: Sesame leaf soup == Manazarta == g8g0b3culomf3kajiaoufws99oa84mm 0 88231 547529 2024-11-28T12:36:28Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1182193971|Umatu festival]]" 547529 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Umatu''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwa guda shida da ake gudanarwa a [[Onitsha]] Ado N'Idu duk shekara. Sauran sune Ajachi, Owuwaji, Ofala, Osisi-Ite da Ife-Jioku. Ana bikin Umatu ne lokacin da aka nomi masara ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-29 |title=Glo to sponsor Onitsha’s Ofala festival for three more years |url=https://guardian.ng/technology/glo-to-sponsor-onitshas-ofala-festival-for-three-more-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News |language=en-US}}</ref> Jama’a suna ganawa da Sarki (Obi) da shugabannin jajayen hulunansa (Ndiche) domin nuna farin ciki da albarkar noman masara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Bikin Umatu ya samo asali ne daga Exodus 23:16: "Ku yi bikin girbi lokacin da kuka fara girbi amfanin gonarku. Ku yi bikin Gida a cikin kaka, lokacin da kuka tattara 'ya'yan itace daga gonar inabi da gonarku. "Tare da abubuwan da aka samo daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Sarki da shugabannin Red Cap ɗin sa za su yi rawa ga {{Transl|ig|egwu ota}} don yin bikin da ke kewaye da Ime-Obi (Fadar Sarki). Wannan rawa yawanci yana da matsayi, daga ƙasa zuwa saman. Onowu Iyasele (Firai Minista na gargajiya) shine babban shugaban da ke rawa a gaban Obi na Onitsha. == Biki == Babban abin al'ajabi na Umatu shine {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} (abincin masara), wanda ake haɗawa da {{Transl|ig|ofe onino}} (miyan zana) da majalisar ministocinta na bin Iba. Ana ba da {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} a cikin kwano na asali da ake kira {{Transl|ig|ugbugba}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Government - Light Of The Nation |url=https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/news?r=onitsha-monarch,-igwe-nn%27emeka-achebe-celebrates-ite-umatu-festival&hs=e53c76c64e7af8953d1f187723659821 |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=old.anambrastate.gov.ng}}</ref> Sauran abubuwan sha da aka yi a Ime Obi lokacin Umatu sune {{Transl|ig|ukwa}}, {{Transl|ig|okpodudu}}, da {{Transl|ig|aku}} . Lokacin da Obi ya karɓi {{Transl|ig|nni oka}}, ya yanke ya raba tare da duk wanda ke wurin, yana farawa da jagororinsa na Red Cap. Ana kuma yanka awaki da tsuntsaye don yin ko dai {{Transl|ig|dee onino}} ko miyar {{Transl|ig|okwulu}} (miyan zana). Daga nan sai jama’a da sauran al’ummar yankin baki ɗaya su yi addu’ar Allah ya ba su lafiya. Umatu na da matukar muhimmanci ga al’ummar Onicha masu noma a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda wata tsohuwar magana ta nuna, {{Transl|ig|ugbo eketalu okwulu olilijie elugonso}}, ma’ana gonakin da za ku iya tsintar dawa, na nuni da cewa noman doya ta gabato (Bikin Sabuwar Doya). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFInlandTown2020">InlandTown (2020-08-17). [https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ "Festival Focus: Umatu"]. ''Welcome To InlandTown Online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bikin Umatu ya kwashe kwanaki 16 ana fara shi da bikin Obi na Onitsha. Daga nan sai Eze-Idi da Ikpala Isi da Umueze Chima da Ikpoko Akwukwo Ogili suka shiga bukukuwan kwana huɗu kamar haka; ranar ƙarshe ta kasance alama ta hanyar share kwantena kayan lambu da fakiti. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-22 |title=Ofala festival gets Glo backing for 3 more years |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/ofala-festival-gets-glo-backing-3-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bikin Umatu a Onitsha a shekarar 2020 an shirya shi ne bisa ka'idojin aminci da ka'idojin Covid-19. == Manazarta == Umatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festivalUmatu festival kvjw00z1nocqxqknzc7v232dtzc9bhs 547530 547529 2024-11-28T12:36:54Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 547530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Umatu''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwa guda shida da ake gudanarwa a [[Onitsha]] Ado N'Idu duk shekara. Sauran sune Ajachi, Owuwaji, Ofala, Osisi-Ite da Ife-Jioku. Ana bikin Umatu ne lokacin da aka nomi masara ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-29 |title=Glo to sponsor Onitsha’s Ofala festival for three more years |url=https://guardian.ng/technology/glo-to-sponsor-onitshas-ofala-festival-for-three-more-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News |language=en-US}}</ref> Jama’a suna ganawa da Sarki (Obi) da shugabannin jajayen hulunansa (Ndiche) domin nuna farin ciki da albarkar noman masara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Bikin Umatu ya samo asali ne daga Exodus 23:16: "Ku yi bikin girbi lokacin da kuka fara girbi amfanin gonarku. Ku yi bikin Gida a cikin kaka, lokacin da kuka tattara 'ya'yan itace daga gonar inabi da gonarku. "Tare da abubuwan da aka samo daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Sarki da shugabannin Red Cap ɗin sa za su yi rawa ga {{Transl|ig|egwu ota}} don yin bikin da ke kewaye da Ime-Obi (Fadar Sarki). Wannan rawa yawanci yana da matsayi, daga ƙasa zuwa saman. Onowu Iyasele (Firai Minista na gargajiya) shine babban shugaban da ke rawa a gaban Obi na Onitsha. == Biki == Babban abin al'ajabi na Umatu shine {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} (abincin masara), wanda ake haɗawa da {{Transl|ig|ofe onino}} (miyan zana) da majalisar ministocinta na bin Iba. Ana ba da {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} a cikin kwano na asali da ake kira {{Transl|ig|ugbugba}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Government - Light Of The Nation |url=https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/news?r=onitsha-monarch,-igwe-nn%27emeka-achebe-celebrates-ite-umatu-festival&hs=e53c76c64e7af8953d1f187723659821 |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=old.anambrastate.gov.ng}}</ref> Sauran abubuwan sha da aka yi a Ime Obi lokacin Umatu sune {{Transl|ig|ukwa}}, {{Transl|ig|okpodudu}}, da {{Transl|ig|aku}} . Lokacin da Obi ya karɓi {{Transl|ig|nni oka}}, ya yanke ya raba tare da duk wanda ke wurin, yana farawa da jagororinsa na Red Cap. Ana kuma yanka awaki da tsuntsaye don yin ko dai {{Transl|ig|dee onino}} ko miyar {{Transl|ig|okwulu}} (miyan zana). Daga nan sai jama’a da sauran al’ummar yankin baki ɗaya su yi addu’ar Allah ya ba su lafiya. Umatu na da matukar muhimmanci ga al’ummar Onicha masu noma a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda wata tsohuwar magana ta nuna, {{Transl|ig|ugbo eketalu okwulu olilijie elugonso}}, ma’ana gonakin da za ku iya tsintar dawa, na nuni da cewa noman doya ta gabato (Bikin Sabuwar Doya). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFInlandTown2020">InlandTown (2020-08-17). [https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ "Festival Focus: Umatu"]. ''Welcome To InlandTown Online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bikin Umatu ya kwashe kwanaki 16 ana fara shi da bikin Obi na Onitsha. Daga nan sai Eze-Idi da Ikpala Isi da Umueze Chima da Ikpoko Akwukwo Ogili suka shiga bukukuwan kwana huɗu kamar haka; ranar ƙarshe ta kasance alama ta hanyar share kwantena kayan lambu da fakiti. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-22 |title=Ofala festival gets Glo backing for 3 more years |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/ofala-festival-gets-glo-backing-3-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bikin Umatu a Onitsha a shekarar 2020 an shirya shi ne bisa ka'idojin aminci da ka'idojin Covid-19. == Manazarta == pmlh9i4c5vavnqaz6x9annfpncenouu 547531 547530 2024-11-28T12:38:17Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin Umatu''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwa guda shida da ake gudanarwa a [[Onitsha]] Ado N'Idu duk shekara. Sauran sune Ajachi, Owuwaji, Ofala, Osisi-Ite da Ife-Jioku. Ana bikin Umatu ne lokacin da aka nomi masara ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-29 |title=Glo to sponsor Onitsha’s Ofala festival for three more years |url=https://guardian.ng/technology/glo-to-sponsor-onitshas-ofala-festival-for-three-more-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News |language=en-US}}</ref> Jama’a suna ganawa da Sarki (Obi) da shugabannin jajayen hulunansa (Ndiche) domin nuna farin ciki da albarkar noman masara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Bikin Umatu ya samo asali ne daga Exodus 23:16: "Ku yi bikin girbi lokacin da kuka fara girbi amfanin gonarku. Ku yi bikin Gida a cikin kaka, lokacin da kuka tattara 'ya'yan itace daga gonar inabi da gonarku. "Tare da abubuwan da aka samo daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Sarki da shugabannin Red Cap ɗin sa za su yi rawa ga {{Transl|ig|egwu ota}} don yin bikin da ke kewaye da Ime-Obi (Fadar Sarki). Wannan rawa yawanci yana da matsayi, daga ƙasa zuwa saman. Onowu Iyasele (Firai Minista na gargajiya) shine babban shugaban da ke rawa a gaban Obi na Onitsha. == Biki == Babban abin al'ajabi na Umatu shine {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} (abincin masara), wanda ake haɗawa da {{Transl|ig|ofe onino}} (miyan zana) da majalisar ministocinta na bin Iba. Ana ba da {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} a cikin kwano na asali da ake kira {{Transl|ig|ugbugba}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Government - Light Of The Nation |url=https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/news?r=onitsha-monarch,-igwe-nn%27emeka-achebe-celebrates-ite-umatu-festival&hs=e53c76c64e7af8953d1f187723659821 |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=old.anambrastate.gov.ng}}</ref> Sauran abubuwan sha da aka yi a Ime Obi lokacin Umatu sune {{Transl|ig|ukwa}}, {{Transl|ig|okpodudu}}, da {{Transl|ig|aku}} . Lokacin da Obi ya karɓi {{Transl|ig|nni oka}}, ya yanke ya raba tare da duk wanda ke wurin, yana farawa da jagororinsa na Red Cap. Ana kuma yanka awaki da tsuntsaye don yin ko dai {{Transl|ig|dee onino}} ko miyar {{Transl|ig|okwulu}} (miyan zana). Daga nan sai jama’a da sauran al’ummar yankin baki ɗaya su yi addu’ar Allah ya ba su lafiya. Umatu na da matukar muhimmanci ga al’ummar Onicha masu noma a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda wata tsohuwar magana ta nuna, {{Transl|ig|ugbo eketalu okwulu olilijie elugonso}}, ma’ana gonakin da za ku iya tsintar dawa, na nuni da cewa noman doya ta gabato (Bikin Sabuwar Doya). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFInlandTown2020">InlandTown (2020-08-17). [https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ "Festival Focus: Umatu"]. ''Welcome To InlandTown Online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bikin Umatu ya kwashe kwanaki 16 ana fara shi da bikin Obi na Onitsha. Daga nan sai Eze-Idi da Ikpala Isi da Umueze Chima da Ikpoko Akwukwo Ogili suka shiga bukukuwan kwana huɗu kamar haka; ranar ƙarshe ta kasance alama ta hanyar share kwantena kayan lambu da fakiti. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-22 |title=Ofala festival gets Glo backing for 3 more years |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/ofala-festival-gets-glo-backing-3-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bikin Umatu a Onitsha a shekarar 2020 an shirya shi ne bisa ka'idojin aminci da ka'idojin Covid-19. == Manazarta == lcunfvph767mnoahde5h1hs20foac2h 547532 547531 2024-11-28T12:39:56Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tarihi */ 547532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin Umatu''' na ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwa guda shida da ake gudanarwa a [[Onitsha]] Ado N'Idu duk shekara. Sauran sune Ajachi, Owuwaji, Ofala, Osisi-Ite da Ife-Jioku. Ana bikin Umatu ne lokacin da aka nomi masara ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-29 |title=Glo to sponsor Onitsha’s Ofala festival for three more years |url=https://guardian.ng/technology/glo-to-sponsor-onitshas-ofala-festival-for-three-more-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News |language=en-US}}</ref> Jama’a suna ganawa da Sarki (Obi) da shugabannin jajayen hulunansa (Ndiche) domin nuna farin ciki da albarkar noman masara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Bikin Umatu ya samo asali ne daga Exodus 23:16: "Ku yi bikin girbi lokacin da kuka fara girbi amfanin gonarku. Ku yi bikin Gida a cikin kaka, lokacin da kuka tattara 'ya'yan itace daga gonar inabi da gonarku. "Tare da abubuwan da aka samo daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Sarki da shugabannin Red Cap ɗin sa za su yi rawa ga {{Transl|ig|egwu ota}} don yin bikin da ke kewaye da Ime-Obi (Fadar Sarki). Wannan rawa yawanci yana da matsayi, daga ƙasa zuwa saman. Onowu Iyasele (Firai Minista na gargajiya) shine babban shugaban da ke rawa a gaban Obi na [[Onitsha]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Umatu Onitsha Ado Nigeria - www.OnitshaAdoVoice.com|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUy8U8x_lF4|language=en|access-date=2021-08-12}}</ref> == Biki == Babban abin al'ajabi na Umatu shine {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} (abincin masara), wanda ake haɗawa da {{Transl|ig|ofe onino}} (miyan zana) da majalisar ministocinta na bin Iba. Ana ba da {{Transl|ig|nni oka}} a cikin kwano na asali da ake kira {{Transl|ig|ugbugba}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anambra State Government - Light Of The Nation |url=https://old.anambrastate.gov.ng/news?r=onitsha-monarch,-igwe-nn%27emeka-achebe-celebrates-ite-umatu-festival&hs=e53c76c64e7af8953d1f187723659821 |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=old.anambrastate.gov.ng}}</ref> Sauran abubuwan sha da aka yi a Ime Obi lokacin Umatu sune {{Transl|ig|ukwa}}, {{Transl|ig|okpodudu}}, da {{Transl|ig|aku}} . Lokacin da Obi ya karɓi {{Transl|ig|nni oka}}, ya yanke ya raba tare da duk wanda ke wurin, yana farawa da jagororinsa na Red Cap. Ana kuma yanka awaki da tsuntsaye don yin ko dai {{Transl|ig|dee onino}} ko miyar {{Transl|ig|okwulu}} (miyan zana). Daga nan sai jama’a da sauran al’ummar yankin baki ɗaya su yi addu’ar Allah ya ba su lafiya. Umatu na da matukar muhimmanci ga al’ummar Onicha masu noma a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda wata tsohuwar magana ta nuna, {{Transl|ig|ugbo eketalu okwulu olilijie elugonso}}, ma’ana gonakin da za ku iya tsintar dawa, na nuni da cewa noman doya ta gabato (Bikin Sabuwar Doya). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=InlandTown |date=2020-08-17 |title=Festival Focus: Umatu |url=https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Welcome To InlandTown Online |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFInlandTown2020">InlandTown (2020-08-17). [https://www.inlandtown.com/festival-focus-umatu/ "Festival Focus: Umatu"]. ''Welcome To InlandTown Online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bikin Umatu ya kwashe kwanaki 16 ana fara shi da bikin Obi na Onitsha. Daga nan sai Eze-Idi da Ikpala Isi da Umueze Chima da Ikpoko Akwukwo Ogili suka shiga bukukuwan kwana huɗu kamar haka; ranar ƙarshe ta kasance alama ta hanyar share kwantena kayan lambu da fakiti. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-22 |title=Ofala festival gets Glo backing for 3 more years |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/ofala-festival-gets-glo-backing-3-years/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bikin Umatu a Onitsha a shekarar 2020 an shirya shi ne bisa ka'idojin aminci da ka'idojin Covid-19. == Manazarta == 8p081sylj8w665pu85czdsmzn1jf6yr 0 88232 547533 2024-11-28T13:10:29Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1220695380|In the City (South African festival)]]" 547533 wikitext text/x-wiki A cikin The City wani bikin kiɗa ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], na rana ɗaya <ref name="VITC2013LineUp">{{Cite web |title=Win tickets to Vodacom in the City! |url=http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ |website=Onesmallseed.com}}</ref> wanda ke faruwa a kowace shekara a [[Johannesburg]] a Mary Fitzgerald Square. == Tarihi == A cikin The City an fara shi ne a cikin shekarar 2012 ta hanyar Seed Experiences, wannan kamfani da ke da alhakin [[Cape Town|Birnin Cape Town]] Rocking The Daisies. Saboda haka, duka bukukuwan sun raba abubuwan da suka faru tun lokacin da aka fara In The City a shekarar 2012 <ref name="BlocPartyRTDITC">{{Cite web |title=TimesLIVE |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/music/2012/07/12/bloc-party-to-headline-new-joburg-music-fest |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Timeslive.co.za}}</ref> kuma fitowar shekara ta farko ta ɗauki bakuncin Bloc Party a matsayin aikinta na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref name="DaisyVsCity2013">{{Cite web |date=25 June 2013 |title=Rocking the Daisies & Vodacom in the City 2013 |url=http://www.clubbers4edm.co.za/rocking-the-daisies-vodacom-in-the-city-2013/#.UjddosbQnfI |website=Clubbers4edm.co.za}}</ref><ref name="RWRant">{{Cite web |title=Alt-J Confirmed for Vodacom In the City and Rocking the Daisies {{!}} Running Wolf's Rant |url=http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414081122/http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |archive-date=2013-04-14 |website=Rwrant.co.za}}</ref><ref name="BlocPartyJHB">{{Cite web |title=Bloc Party are headline act at Joburg's In The City |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/429/78354.html |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Bizcommunity.com}}</ref> A In The City 2012 an ɗauke shi babbar nasara yayin da ya sayar da dukkan tikitin sa.<ref name="RWRant" /> Kamfanin sadarwa na Afirka ta Kudu Vodacom <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedITC">{{Cite web |title=Time for Vodacom Unlimited in the City |url=http://www.mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024003431/http://mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |archive-date=24 October 2013 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> ne ke ɗaukar nauyin bikin kuma ya amince da shi wanda ya sa ake kiran bikin ''"Vodacom In The City''" <ref name="VodacomInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City |url=http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |archive-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> da ''"Vodacom Unlimited In The City''". <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom Unlimited &#124; in the City |url=http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725141748/http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |archive-date=25 July 2014 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> == Wallafa ta baya == Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna shekara, kwanan wata da manyan masu yin wasan kowace shekara na In The City. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;" |+A cikin The City Concerts ! Shekara ! Kwanan wata ! Sanannen Ayyukan Manzanni ! Halartar |- | '''2012''' | 5 Oktoba | Die Antwoord, Tumi featuring Jiya almajiri, DJ Yoda, Bloc Party | 10000 <ref name="VodacomInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City |url=http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |archive-date=16 September 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC "Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City"]. </cite></ref> |- | '''2013''' | Oktoba 4 <ref name="VITC2013LineUp">{{Cite web |title=Win tickets to Vodacom in the City! |url=http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ |website=Onesmallseed.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ "Win tickets to Vodacom in the City!"]. </cite></ref> | Skunk Anansie, Alt-J, The Hives, Boys Noize <ref name="VITC2013LineUp" /> | ''TBC'' |- |} == Duba kuma == * Ayyukan Kiɗa * Kidan Afirka ta Kudu * RAMFest * Fen * [https://lakeumuzi.co.za/misty-waters-music-festival Misty Waters] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] 3avl2txjt1iahzjn5cxx6y87hb6yk35 547534 547533 2024-11-28T13:11:57Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A cikin The City wani bikin kiɗa ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], na rana ɗaya <ref name="VITC2013LineUp">{{Cite web |title=Win tickets to Vodacom in the City! |url=http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ |website=Onesmallseed.com}}</ref> wanda ke faruwa a kowace shekara a [[Johannesburg]] a Mary Fitzgerald Square. == Tarihi == A cikin The City an fara shi ne a cikin shekarar 2012 ta hanyar Seed Experiences, wannan kamfani da ke da alhakin [[Cape Town|Birnin Cape Town]] Rocking The Daisies. Saboda haka, duka bukukuwan sun raba abubuwan da suka faru tun lokacin da aka fara In The City a shekarar 2012 <ref name="BlocPartyRTDITC">{{Cite web |title=TimesLIVE |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/music/2012/07/12/bloc-party-to-headline-new-joburg-music-fest |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Timeslive.co.za}}</ref> kuma fitowar shekara ta farko ta ɗauki bakuncin Bloc Party a matsayin aikinta na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref name="DaisyVsCity2013">{{Cite web |date=25 June 2013 |title=Rocking the Daisies & Vodacom in the City 2013 |url=http://www.clubbers4edm.co.za/rocking-the-daisies-vodacom-in-the-city-2013/#.UjddosbQnfI |website=Clubbers4edm.co.za}}</ref><ref name="RWRant">{{Cite web |title=Alt-J Confirmed for Vodacom In the City and Rocking the Daisies {{!}} Running Wolf's Rant |url=http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414081122/http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |archive-date=2013-04-14 |website=Rwrant.co.za}}</ref><ref name="BlocPartyJHB">{{Cite web |title=Bloc Party are headline act at Joburg's In The City |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/429/78354.html |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Bizcommunity.com}}</ref> A In The City 2012 an ɗauke shi babbar nasara yayin da ya sayar da dukkan tikitin sa.<ref name="RWRant" /> Kamfanin sadarwa na Afirka ta Kudu Vodacom <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedITC">{{Cite web |title=Time for Vodacom Unlimited in the City |url=http://www.mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024003431/http://mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |archive-date=24 October 2013 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> ne ke ɗaukar nauyin bikin kuma ya amince da shi wanda ya sa ake kiran bikin ''"Vodacom In The City''" <ref name="VodacomInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City |url=http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |archive-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> da ''"Vodacom Unlimited In The City''". <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom Unlimited &#124; in the City |url=http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725141748/http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |archive-date=25 July 2014 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> == Wallafa ta baya == Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna shekara, kwanan wata da manyan masu yin wasan kowace shekara na In The City. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;" |+A cikin The City Concerts ! Shekara ! Kwanan wata ! Sanannen Ayyukan Manzanni ! Halartar |- | '''2012''' | 5 Oktoba | Die Antwoord, Tumi featuring Jiya almajiri, DJ Yoda, Bloc Party | 10000 <ref name="VodacomInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City |url=http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |archive-date=16 September 2013}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC "Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City"]. </cite></ref> |- | '''2013''' | Oktoba 4 <ref name="VITC2013LineUp">{{Cite web |title=Win tickets to Vodacom in the City! |url=http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ |website=Onesmallseed.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ "Win tickets to Vodacom in the City!"]. </cite></ref> | Skunk Anansie, Alt-J, The Hives, Boys Noize <ref name="VITC2013LineUp" /> | ''TBC'' |- |} == Duba kuma == * Ayyukan Kiɗa * Kidan Afirka ta Kudu * RAMFest * Fen * [https://lakeumuzi.co.za/misty-waters-music-festival Misty Waters] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] hg8ve6ld6r2l6e2sz6hh7cbqxtm0g5y 547867 547534 2024-11-28T21:32:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A cikin The City wani bikin kiɗa ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]], na rana ɗaya <ref name="VITC2013LineUp">{{Cite web |title=Win tickets to Vodacom in the City! |url=http://www.onesmallseed.com/2013/09/win-tickets-to-vodacom-in-the-city/ |website=Onesmallseed.com}}</ref> wanda ke faruwa a kowace shekara a [[Johannesburg]] a Mary Fitzgerald Square. == Tarihi == A cikin The City an fara shi ne a cikin shekarar 2012 ta hanyar Seed Experiences, wannan kamfani da ke da alhakin [[Cape Town|Birnin Cape Town]] Rocking The Daisies. Saboda haka, duka bukukuwan sun raba abubuwan da suka faru tun lokacin da aka fara In The City a shekarar 2012 <ref name="BlocPartyRTDITC">{{Cite web |title=TimesLIVE |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/music/2012/07/12/bloc-party-to-headline-new-joburg-music-fest |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Timeslive.co.za}}</ref> kuma fitowar shekara ta farko ta ɗauki bakuncin Bloc Party a matsayin aikinta na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref name="DaisyVsCity2013">{{Cite web |date=25 June 2013 |title=Rocking the Daisies & Vodacom in the City 2013 |url=http://www.clubbers4edm.co.za/rocking-the-daisies-vodacom-in-the-city-2013/#.UjddosbQnfI |website=Clubbers4edm.co.za |access-date=28 November 2024 |archive-date=25 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225072256/http://www.clubbers4edm.co.za/rocking-the-daisies-vodacom-in-the-city-2013/#.UjddosbQnfI |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="RWRant">{{Cite web |title=Alt-J Confirmed for Vodacom In the City and Rocking the Daisies {{!}} Running Wolf's Rant |url=http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414081122/http://rwrant.co.za/alt-j-confirmed-for-vodacom-in-the-city-and-rocking-the-daisies/ |archive-date=2013-04-14 |website=Rwrant.co.za}}</ref><ref name="BlocPartyJHB">{{Cite web |title=Bloc Party are headline act at Joburg's In The City |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/429/78354.html |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=Bizcommunity.com}}</ref> A In The City 2012 an ɗauke shi babbar nasara yayin da ya sayar da dukkan tikitin sa.<ref name="RWRant" /> Kamfanin sadarwa na Afirka ta Kudu Vodacom <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedITC">{{Cite web |title=Time for Vodacom Unlimited in the City |url=http://www.mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024003431/http://mio.co.za/article/time-for-vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city-2012-09-26 |archive-date=24 October 2013 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> ne ke ɗaukar nauyin bikin kuma ya amince da shi wanda ya sa ake kiran bikin ''"Vodacom In The City''" <ref name="VodacomInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom in the City - in the City - in the City |url=http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916202823/http://www.vodacom.co.za/vitc2013/ITC |archive-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> da ''"Vodacom Unlimited In The City''". <ref name="VodacomUnlimitedInTheCity">{{Cite web |title=Vodacom Unlimited &#124; in the City |url=http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725141748/http://www.rodeoproductions.co.za/151826/834580/animation/vodacom-unlimited-in-the-city |archive-date=25 July 2014 |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref> == Wallafa ta baya == Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna shekara, kwanan wata da manyan masu yin wasan kowace shekara na In The City. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;" |+A cikin The City Concerts ! Shekara ! Kwanan wata ! Sanannen Ayyukan Manzanni ! Halartar |- | '''2012''' | 5 Oktoba | Die Antwoord, Tumi featuring Jiya almajiri, DJ Yoda, Bloc Party | 10000 <ref name="VodacomInTheCity"/> |- | '''2013''' | Oktoba 4 <ref name="VITC2013LineUp"/> | Skunk Anansie, Alt-J, The Hives, Boys Noize <ref name="VITC2013LineUp" /> | ''TBC'' |- |} == Duba kuma == * Ayyukan Kiɗa * Kidan Afirka ta Kudu * RAMFest * Fen * [https://lakeumuzi.co.za/misty-waters-music-festival Misty Waters] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] t8fcugvok32nfi0rve5mcqiq8a0t85e 0 88233 547535 2024-11-28T13:26:48Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258606496|Joburg Film Festival]]" 547535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Fim na Joburg''' ( '''JFF''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. == Tarihi == An kafa bikin Fim na Joburg a cikin shekarar 2016. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}} 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> Saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]], an tsallake bugu na 2021 da 2022. <ref name="creatives">{{Cite web |last=Omobolade |first=Ojo A. |last2=Afape |first2=Tunmise |date=February 12, 2024 |title=News. The Joburg Film Festival (JFF) set to return for the sixth edition of its annual festival this February |url=https://thecreativesnote.substack.com/p/the-joburg-film-festival-jff-returns-for-2024 |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=thecreativesnote.substack.com |publisher=The Creatives Note}}</ref> An gudanar da bugu na 5 daga watan Janairu 31 - Fabrairu 5, 2023. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani == Joburg Film Festival (JFF) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]] ("Joburg"), Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. <ref name="jff">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival. Our stories - Our gold |url=https://joburgfilmfestival.co.za/ |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburgfilmfestival.co.za |publisher=Joburg Film Festival}}</ref> <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}</ref> Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron ɗan Adam na Afirka ta Kudu MultiChoice ne ke goyon bayan bikin. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]] 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref name="bioscope">{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2016 |url=https://www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029091935/www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-date=2016-10-29 |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=thebioscope.co.za |publisher= |language=}} 28 October to 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2019 |url=https://joburg.co.za/joburg-film-festival-2019/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburg.co.za |publisher= |language=}}. 19-24 November 2019</ref> == Shirin == Bikin yana nuna jadawalin nunin fina-finai, shirin masana'antu tare da tattaunawar panel, tattaunawa da darajoji, shirin matasa na ilimi, taron zamantakewa, da kasuwar abun ciki na kasuwanci JBX. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Kyautattuka == Kyaututtukan da aka sanar a 2025 sune Mafi kyawun Fim, Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka, Mafi kyawun Documentary da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Joburg (masu shirya fina-finai na Joburg ne kawai suka cancanci wannan kyautar). <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival "Joburg Film Festival"]. ''filmfreeway.com''. FilmFreeway<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya == * Hoton mai zaman kansa 2023 - Cloud and the Man (Manikbabur Megh) na Abhinandan Banerjee - Fiction minti 97. == Manazarta == Joburg Film FestivalJoburg Film FestivalJoburg Film FestivalJoburg Film FestivalJoburg Film FestivalJoburg Film FestivalIn the City (South African festival)In the City (South African festival)In the City (South African festival) 7h1w9e9zor98sk6ufb0uidqnxwkryrj 547536 547535 2024-11-28T13:27:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 547536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Fim na Joburg''' ( '''JFF''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. == Tarihi == An kafa bikin Fim na Joburg a cikin shekarar 2016. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}} 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> Saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]], an tsallake bugu na 2021 da 2022. <ref name="creatives">{{Cite web |last=Omobolade |first=Ojo A. |last2=Afape |first2=Tunmise |date=February 12, 2024 |title=News. The Joburg Film Festival (JFF) set to return for the sixth edition of its annual festival this February |url=https://thecreativesnote.substack.com/p/the-joburg-film-festival-jff-returns-for-2024 |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=thecreativesnote.substack.com |publisher=The Creatives Note}}</ref> An gudanar da bugu na 5 daga watan Janairu 31 - Fabrairu 5, 2023. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani == Joburg Film Festival (JFF) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]] ("Joburg"), Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. <ref name="jff">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival. Our stories - Our gold |url=https://joburgfilmfestival.co.za/ |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburgfilmfestival.co.za |publisher=Joburg Film Festival}}</ref> <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}</ref> Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron ɗan Adam na Afirka ta Kudu MultiChoice ne ke goyon bayan bikin. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]] 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref name="bioscope">{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2016 |url=https://www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029091935/www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-date=2016-10-29 |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=thebioscope.co.za |publisher= |language=}} 28 October to 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2019 |url=https://joburg.co.za/joburg-film-festival-2019/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburg.co.za |publisher= |language=}}. 19-24 November 2019</ref> == Shirin == Bikin yana nuna jadawalin nunin fina-finai, shirin masana'antu tare da tattaunawar panel, tattaunawa da darajoji, shirin matasa na ilimi, taron zamantakewa, da kasuwar abun ciki na kasuwanci JBX. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Kyautattuka == Kyaututtukan da aka sanar a 2025 sune Mafi kyawun Fim, Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka, Mafi kyawun Documentary da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Joburg (masu shirya fina-finai na Joburg ne kawai suka cancanci wannan kyautar). <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival "Joburg Film Festival"]. ''filmfreeway.com''. FilmFreeway<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya == * Hoton mai zaman kansa 2023 - Cloud and the Man (Manikbabur Megh) na Abhinandan Banerjee - Fiction minti 97. == Manazarta == p953ar1r6mytd25ai3z6999sw0xpmoc 547537 547536 2024-11-28T13:28:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya */ 547537 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Fim na Joburg''' ( '''JFF''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. == Tarihi == An kafa bikin Fim na Joburg a cikin shekarar 2016. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}} 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> Saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]], an tsallake bugu na 2021 da 2022. <ref name="creatives">{{Cite web |last=Omobolade |first=Ojo A. |last2=Afape |first2=Tunmise |date=February 12, 2024 |title=News. The Joburg Film Festival (JFF) set to return for the sixth edition of its annual festival this February |url=https://thecreativesnote.substack.com/p/the-joburg-film-festival-jff-returns-for-2024 |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=thecreativesnote.substack.com |publisher=The Creatives Note}}</ref> An gudanar da bugu na 5 daga watan Janairu 31 - Fabrairu 5, 2023. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani == Joburg Film Festival (JFF) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]] ("Joburg"), Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. <ref name="jff">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival. Our stories - Our gold |url=https://joburgfilmfestival.co.za/ |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburgfilmfestival.co.za |publisher=Joburg Film Festival}}</ref> <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}</ref> Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron ɗan Adam na Afirka ta Kudu MultiChoice ne ke goyon bayan bikin. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]] 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref name="bioscope">{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2016 |url=https://www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029091935/www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-date=2016-10-29 |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=thebioscope.co.za |publisher= |language=}} 28 October to 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2019 |url=https://joburg.co.za/joburg-film-festival-2019/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburg.co.za |publisher= |language=}}. 19-24 November 2019</ref> == Shirin == Bikin yana nuna jadawalin nunin fina-finai, shirin masana'antu tare da tattaunawar panel, tattaunawa da darajoji, shirin matasa na ilimi, taron zamantakewa, da kasuwar abun ciki na kasuwanci JBX. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Kyautattuka == Kyaututtukan da aka sanar a 2025 sune Mafi kyawun Fim, Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka, Mafi kyawun Documentary da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Joburg (masu shirya fina-finai na Joburg ne kawai suka cancanci wannan kyautar). <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival "Joburg Film Festival"]. ''filmfreeway.com''. FilmFreeway<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya == * Hoton mai zaman kansa 2023 - Cloud and the Man (Manikbabur Megh) na Abhinandan Banerjee - Fiction minti 97.<ref>{{IMDb event |id=0054485 |Joburg Film Festival. 2023 Awards. International Feature Film |year=2023}}</ref> == Manazarta == 10xgeurnkgnaci11nvspholcu8zkqkl 547538 547537 2024-11-28T13:29:24Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin Fim na Joburg''' ( '''JFF''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka gudanar a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]], Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. == Tarihi == An kafa bikin Fim na Joburg a cikin shekarar 2016. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}} 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> Saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]], an tsallake bugu na 2021 da 2022. <ref name="creatives">{{Cite web |last=Omobolade |first=Ojo A. |last2=Afape |first2=Tunmise |date=February 12, 2024 |title=News. The Joburg Film Festival (JFF) set to return for the sixth edition of its annual festival this February |url=https://thecreativesnote.substack.com/p/the-joburg-film-festival-jff-returns-for-2024 |access-date=24 October 2024 |website=thecreativesnote.substack.com |publisher=The Creatives Note}}</ref> An gudanar da bugu na 5 daga watan Janairu 31 - Fabrairu 5, 2023. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}</ref> == Bayani == Joburg Film Festival (JFF) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a wurare daban-daban a [[Johannesburg]] ("Joburg"), Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu. <ref name="jff">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival. Our stories - Our gold |url=https://joburgfilmfestival.co.za/ |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburgfilmfestival.co.za |publisher=Joburg Film Festival}}</ref> <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}</ref> Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron ɗan Adam na Afirka ta Kudu MultiChoice ne ke goyon bayan bikin. <ref name="africult1">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition. |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2016. 1ere édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]] 28 October - 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref name="bioscope">{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2016 |url=https://www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029091935/www.thebioscope.co.za/2016/10/21/the-joburg-film-festival-2016/ |archive-date=2016-10-29 |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=thebioscope.co.za |publisher= |language=}} 28 October to 5 November 2016.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=The Joburg Film Festival 2019 |url=https://joburg.co.za/joburg-film-festival-2019/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=joburg.co.za |publisher= |language=}}. 19-24 November 2019</ref> == Shirin == Bikin yana nuna jadawalin nunin fina-finai, shirin masana'antu tare da tattaunawar panel, tattaunawa da darajoji, shirin matasa na ilimi, taron zamantakewa, da kasuwar abun ciki na kasuwanci JBX. <ref name="africult5">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition |url=https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 |access-date=2024-08-08 |publisher=Africultures. Les mondes en relation. |language=fr}}<cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://africultures.com/evenements/?no=50593 "Joburg Film Festival 2023. 5ème édition"] (in French). Africultures. Les mondes en relation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]</ref> == Kyautattuka == Kyaututtukan da aka sanar a 2025 sune Mafi kyawun Fim, Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka, Mafi kyawun Documentary da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Joburg (masu shirya fina-finai na Joburg ne kawai suka cancanci wannan kyautar). <ref name="freeway">{{Cite web |title=Joburg Film Festival |url=https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=filmfreeway.com |publisher=FilmFreeway}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://filmfreeway.com/joburgfilmfestival "Joburg Film Festival"]. ''filmfreeway.com''. FilmFreeway<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Wadanda suka ci kyaututtukan baya == * Hoton mai zaman kansa 2023 - Cloud and the Man (Manikbabur Megh) na Abhinandan Banerjee - Fiction minti 97.<ref>{{IMDb event |id=0054485 |Joburg Film Festival. 2023 Awards. International Feature Film |year=2023}}</ref> == Manazarta == d213ymqrxdx5wv2rttwlegjs181a05e 0 88234 547539 2024-11-28T13:34:57Z Mat baba 31528 created page 547539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a music group known for music and entertainment. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, writer, producer that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020.<ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref><ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref> == History == Mpiima Music's creative output extends beyond music into various forms of content creation, including writing music, entertainment content, performing arts, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its concepts to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. == Discography == * Tek You Out * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == Reference == == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [./Https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz f2pwg7oci147j7o4gtoyhw6dng819nd 547542 547539 2024-11-28T13:43:27Z Mat baba 31528 547542 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a music group known for music and entertainment. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, writer, producer that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020.<ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref><ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref><ref>https://www.watchdoguganda.com/entertainment/20240621/169343/singer-mpiima-music-riding-breakthroughs-in-music-and-entertainment-to-bigger-things.html</ref> == History == Mpiima Music's creative output extends beyond music into various forms of content creation, including writing music, entertainment content, performing arts, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its concepts to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://softradiouganda.com/mpiima-music-the-young-digital-marketer-and-revolutionist-determined-to-keep-on-rising/</ref><ref>https://sunrise.ug/life-style/201706/mpiima-new-music-sensation-steps-stage.html</ref> == Discography == * Tek You Out * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == Reference == == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == i4he8tpjumeqgpgxk41idozy0lqsm26 547543 547542 2024-11-28T13:47:24Z Mat baba 31528 /* Reference */ 547543 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a music group known for music and entertainment. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, writer, producer that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020.<ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref><ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref><ref>https://www.watchdoguganda.com/entertainment/20240621/169343/singer-mpiima-music-riding-breakthroughs-in-music-and-entertainment-to-bigger-things.html</ref><ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/mpiima-music</ref> == History == Mpiima Music's creative output extends beyond music into various forms of content creation, including writing music, entertainment content, performing arts, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its concepts to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://softradiouganda.com/mpiima-music-the-young-digital-marketer-and-revolutionist-determined-to-keep-on-rising/</ref><ref>https://sunrise.ug/life-style/201706/mpiima-new-music-sensation-steps-stage.html</ref> == Discography == * Tek You Out<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == e98t3e5uuvfo9isdatg6bid9eqxu1nq 547936 547543 2024-11-28T22:13:40Z Tafoki5252 30926 Sabuwar Muqala 547936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''' ƙungiyar kiɗa ce da aka sani da kiɗa da nishaɗi. Mpiima Music kuma yana tsaye a matsayin Mai Rarraba kiɗa, marubuci, furodusa wanda ke haskaka masana'antar kiɗa da nishaɗi tun daga 2020.[1][2][3][4] == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * Tek You Out<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == mf4skpj4r4xssbb3uynvpnehnv15lud 0 88235 547540 2024-11-28T13:35:33Z Smshika 14840 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1253264932|Spanish royal family]]" 547540 wikitext text/x-wiki   Gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya, ya zama reshen Mutanen Espanya na Gidan Bourbon (Spanish: Casa de Borbón), wanda aka fi sani da -Anjou (Spanish: Casa de Bourbón-Anjou). Gidan sarauta yana karkashin jagorancin Sarki Felipe VI kuma a halin yanzu ya kunshi Sarki; Sarauniya Letizia; 'ya'yansu, Leonor, Princess of Asturias, da Infanta Sofia; da iyayen Felipe, Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia. Iyalin sarauta suna zaune a Fadar Zarzuela a [[Madrid]], kodayake gidan su na hukuma shine Fadar sarauta ta Madrid. An bayyana membobin gidan sarauta ta hanyar dokar sarauta kuma sun hada da: Sarkin Spain, matar sarki, iyayen sarki, 'ya'yansa, da magajin kursiyin Spain. == Takardun sarauta da salo == [[Fayil:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg|thumb|226x226px|Alamar makamai ta masarautar Spain]] Takardun sarauta da salon Royal Family sune kamar haka: * Mai zama a kan kursiyin shine (Spanish: el Rey) ko ''Sarauniya'' (Spanishi: la Reina), tare da wasu lakabi da suka shafi kambin ko na dangin sarauta. Ana kiransu ''Mai Girma''. * Matar Sarki tana ɗauke da taken Sarauniya (mace) tare da salon ''Mai Girma''. * Mijin [[Sarauniya|Sarauniya mai mulki]], wanda aka fi sani da "Consort ga Sarauniya ta Spain", yana ɗauke da taken Yarima kuma ana kiransa Mai Girma. {{Efn|[[Queen Isabella II]] granted her husband [[Francis, Duke of Cádiz]], the title of King and the style of ''His Majesty''.}} * Magadan Sarki ko magajin da ake zaton yana ɗauke da taken Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias tare da salon Royal Highness. * Yaran sarki ban da Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, da kuma 'ya'yan Yarima ko Princess, suna ɗauke da taken Infante ko Infanta kuma suna amfani da salon Royal Highness. Yaran Infante ko Infanta suna da matsayi (amma ba taken) na Grandees da kuma salon Excellency. * Maza da gwauraye / gwauraye na 'ya'yan sarki da' ya'ya mata, ban da na Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, suna da damar yin adireshi da girmamawa da sarki zai iya ba su. * Mai mulki na iya ba da darajar Infante ko Infanta tare da salon Highness. == Mambobin gidan sarauta == [[Fayil:Order_of_the_Civil_Merit_Ceremony._5th_Felipe_VI_Reign_Anniversary_02_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia tare da 'ya'yansu mata Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, da Infanta Sofia]] [[Fayil:Los_reyes_de_España_en_la_XV_Cumbre_Iberoamericana.jpg|thumb|Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia]] * An haifi Sarki Felipe VI a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 1968. Shi ne ɗa na uku kuma ɗan Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia.<ref name="casarealsignificantdates">{{Cite web |title=Casa de Su Majestad el Rey de España – Actividades y Agenda – Hitos más importantes de Su Alteza Real el Príncipe de Asturias |url=http://www.casareal.es/ES/Actividades/Paginas/actividades_actividades_detalle.aspx?data=12022 |access-date=20 June 2014 |website=Casareal.es |language=es}}</ref> Ya zama magaji a bayyane lokacin da mahaifinsa ya zama sarki a 1975, kuma an kira shi Yarima na Asturias a 1977. Ya auri Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2004. Ya zama sarki a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2014 a kan abdication na mahaifinsa. * An haifi Sarauniya Letizia a ranar 15 ga Satumba 1972, 'yar fari ta Jesús José Ortiz Álvarez da María de la Paloma Rocasolano Rodríguez. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Álvarez |first=Leticia |date=19 June 2014 |title=Letizia Ortiz, Reina de España |url=https://www.elcomercio.es/politica/201406/19/letizia-ortiz-reina-espana-20140619125541.html |access-date=29 March 2021 |website=El Comercio |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Paloma Rocasolano, enlace sindical |url=http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216024655/http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |archive-date=16 February 2007 |publisher=Diario de Navarra |language=es}}</ref> Sarki da Sarauniya suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu. * Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, ita ce 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia, kuma magajin sarautar Spain tun lokacin da mahaifinta ya hau gadon sarauta a shekarar 2014. <ref name="leonorbirth" /><ref name="felipeaccede" /> An haife ta ne a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2005.<ref name="leonorbirth" /> * Infanta Sofia ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia . An haife ta ne a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2007. <ref name="sofiabirth" /> * Sarki Juan Carlos I shine tsohon sarki na Spain, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1975 zuwa 2014. An haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairun 1938 a matsayin ɗan fari kuma ɗan na biyu na Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona. Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, shi jikan Sarki Alfonso XIII ne. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 1962, Juan Carlos ya auri Gimbiya Sophia ta Girka da Denmark, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya uku. Bayan mutuwar Janar Franco, an ayyana Juan Carlos a matsayin sarki a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 1975. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bernecker |first=Walther |date=January 1998 |title=Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish ''Transición'' |journal=Journal of Contemporary History |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=65–84 |doi=10.1177/003200949803300104 |s2cid=157966975}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, ya yi murabus kuma an naɗa ɗansa a matsayin Sarki Felipe VI . <ref name="felipeaccede" /> * Sarauniya Sofia ita ce matar Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haife ta ne a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Paul da Sarauniya Frederica ta Girka. Sofía ita ce sarauniya ta Spain a lokacin mulkin mijinta. == Mambobin gidan Sarki == * Infanta Elena, Duchess na Lugo, an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba 1963, ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2019 |title=ABC (Madrid) – 21/12/1963, p. 65 – ABC.es Hemeroteca |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1963/12/21/065.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=hemeroteca.abc.es}}</ref> Ta auri Jaime de Marichalar da Sáenz de Tejada a ranar 18 ga Maris 1995, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BOE.es – Documento BOE-A-1995-5742 |url=http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995/05742 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116184453/http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995%2F05742 |archive-date=16 January 2008 |access-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> Duchess tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Marichalar: ** Don Felipe de Marichalar da Borbón (an haife shi 17 ga Yuli 1998) <ref>{{Cite web |last=ESchismógrafo |date=2018-07-18 |title=Froilán descoloca a sus propios familiares y amigos con un giro inesperado |url=https://www.esdiario.com/324101717/Froilan-descoloca-a-sus-propios-familiares-y-amigos-con-un-giro-inesperado.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=esdiario.com}}</ref> ** Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón (an haife ta 9 Satumba 2000) * Infanta Cristina, an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 1965, ita ce ta biyu kuma ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . Ta auri Iñaki Urdangarin Liebaert a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1997, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-24 |title=La infanta Cristina e Iñaki Urdangarin firman su divorcio en secreto |url=https://www.hola.com/actualidad/20240124355057/infanta-cristina-inaki-urdangarin-firman-divorcio-secreto-claves/ |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=HOLA |language=es}}</ref> Infanta Cristina da Iñaki Urdangarin suna da 'ya'ya hudu: ** Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 29 Satumba 1999) <ref name="cristina-family">{{Cite web |last=Luis Gómez |date=11 February 2014 |title=How an ideal couple's life went to hell |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/02/11/inenglish/1392141839_969332.html |access-date=9 September 2016 |publisher=El Pais}}</ref> ** Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 6 Disamba 2000) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2002) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife ta 5 Yuni 2005) <ref name="cristina-family" /> * Gwaggowar Sarki Felipe, marigayi Infanta Pilar, Duchess na Badajoz, tana da 'ya'ya biyar tare da mijinta Luis Gómez-Acebo y Duque de Estrada, 2nd Viscount na La Torre . Yaran Duchess da Viscount sune: ** Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife ta a 31 ga Oktoba 1968) ** Don Juan Gómez-Acebo da Borbón, 3rd The Viscount of La Torre (1969-2024) ** Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi 15 Yuni 1971) ** Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1973) ** Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo da Borbón (1974-2024) * Infanta Margarita, Duchess na Soria da Hernani, ƙaramar 'yar'uwar Sarki Juan Carlos ce kuma kawun Sarki Felipe VI. An haife ta ne a ranar 6 ga Maris 1939 a matsayin yaro na uku kuma ƙaramar 'yar Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bianchi |first=Martin |date=6 March 2020 |title=Doña Margarita, la 'super infanta' que caminaba por las cornisas de los castillos, cumple 81 años |url=https://www.hola.com/realeza/casa_espanola/20200306162391/infanta-margarita-cumple-ochenta-y-uno/ |access-date=22 December 2021 |publisher=¡Hola!}}</ref> Ta auri Carlos Zurita da Delgado a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Salas y Guirior, José |date=13 October 1972 |title=La Infanta Doña Margarita ha contraído matrimonio con el doctor Don Carlos Zurita |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1972/10/13/035.html |publisher=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]}}</ref> * Carlos Zurita, Duke na Soria da Hernani, an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1943 a matsayin ɗan Carlos Zurita y González-Vidalte da María del Carmen Delgado y Fernández de Santaella. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2021 |title=Carlos Zurita cumple 78 años, un cumpleaños más marcado por la polémica de Casa Real |url=https://www.europapress.es/chance/gente/noticia-carlos-zurita-cumple-78-anos-cumpleanos-mas-marcado-polemica-casa-real-20211009085937.html |publisher=Europa Press |language=es}}</ref> Duchess da Duke na Soria suna da 'ya'ya biyu: ** Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón (an haife shi 9 ga watan Agusta 1973) ** Doña María Zurita y Borbón (an haife ta 16 ga Satumba 1975) <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4"> Fayil:L’infante_Hélène_d’Espagne,_duchesse_de_Lugo_en_2011_(cropped).jpg|The Duchess of Lugo Fayil:(Froilán)_Presentación_de_los_carteles_de_la_feria_taurina_de_San_Isidro_2_(cropped).jpg|Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Victoria_Federica_de_Marichalar_y_de_Borbón_(cropped-2).png|Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Infanta_Cristina,_Duchess_of_Palma_de_Mallorca.jpg|Infanta Cristina Fayil:Her_Royal_Highness_the_Duchess_of_Soria_cropped.jpg|The Duchess and Duke of Soria </gallery> == Gidan Bourbon-Sicilies Biyu == * Gimbiya Anne, Dowager Duchess na Calabria, ita ce gwauruwar Infante Carlos, Duke na Calabria (16 ga Janairu 1938 - 5 ga Oktoba 2015), wanda ya kasance dan uwan Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haifi Gimbiya Anne a ranar 4 ga Disamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar Henri, Count na Paris, da Gimbiya Isabelle na Orléans-Braganza . Ta auri Duke na Calabria a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1965. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyar. <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px"> Fayil:Princess_Anne,_Duchess_of_Calabria_(cropped).jpg|The Dowager Duchess </gallery> == Itacen dangin sarauta == {{Tree chart/start|style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;}} {{Tree chart||||||MO|~|AXII|y|MCA||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MO=[[Mercedes of Orléans|Queen María de las Mercedes]]|AXII=[[Alfonso XII of Spain|King Alfonso XII]]|MCA=[[Maria Christina of Austria|Queen María Cristina]]}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.}} {{Tree chart|||PCBTS|y|MPA||||||||AXIII|y|VEB||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MPA=[[Mercedes, Princess of Asturias]]|PCBTS=[[Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]|AXIII=[[Alfonso XIII of Spain|King Alfonso XIII]]|VEB=[[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg|Queen Victoria Eugenia]]}} {{Tree chart||||||!||||||||||||||!|||}} {{Tree chart|||||IADC|y|PABP||||||||IJS|y|MMBTS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|IADC=[[Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria]]|PABP=[[Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma|Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria]]|boxstyle_PABP=border: 1.5px solid red;|IJS=[[Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona]]|MMBTS=[[Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies|Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess of Barcelona]]}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|'||||||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.||}} {{Tree chart|||ICDC|~|PAO||LGA|y|IPDB||JCI|y|SGD||CZ|y|IMDSH||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|ICDC=[[Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria]]|boxstyle_ICDC=border: 1.5px solid red;|PAO=[[Princess Anne, Duchess of Calabria|The Dowager Duchess of Calabria]]**|IPDB=[[Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz|Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz and Viscountess of La Torre]]|boxstyle_IPDB=border: 1.5px solid red;|LGA=Luis Gómez-Acebo, Duke of Badajoz and Viscount of La Torre|boxstyle_LGA=border: 1.5px solid red;|JCI=[[Juan Carlos I of Spain|King Juan Carlos I]]*|SGD=[[Queen Sofía of Spain|Queen Sofía]]*|IMDSH=[[Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria|The Duchess of Soria and Hernani]]**|CZ=[[Carlos Zurita, Duke of Soria|The Duke of Soria and Hernani]]**}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||!||||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||DSGAB||VDLT||DBGAB||DLGAB||DFGAB|!|||||DAZB||DMZB|||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|DSGAB=Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|VDLT=The Viscount de la Torre**|DBGAB=Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DLGAB=Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DFGAB=Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DAZB=Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón**|DMZB=Doña María Zurita y Borbón**}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||JM|y|IEDL||||||IU|y|IC||||||FVI|y|LOR||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|IEDL=[[Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo|The Duchess of Lugo]]**<br />''|JM=[[Jaime de Marichalar]]|IC=[[Infanta Cristina of Spain|Infanta Cristina]]**|IU=[[Iñaki Urdangarin]]**|FVI='''[[Felipe VI of Spain|The King]]'''*|LOR=[[Queen Letizia of Spain|The Queen]]*}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|^|-|.||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||FMB||VMB||DJ||DP||DM||DI||LPA||IS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|FMB=[[Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón|Don Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|VMB=[[Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón|Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|DJ=Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón**|DP=Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón**|DM=Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón**|DI=Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón**|LPA=[[Leonor, Princess of Asturias|The Princess of Asturias]]*|IS=[[Infanta Sofía of Spain|Infanta Sofía]]*}} {{Tree chart/end}} ; Bayani <nowiki>*</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta (kamar yadda ya saba da dangin Sarki, ko dangi mai tsawo) <nowiki>**</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta == Matsayin jama'a == [[Fayil:Premios_Princesa_de_Asturias_2015_1.JPG|right|thumb|Gimbiya ta Asturias Awards bikin]] Sau da yawa ana tambayar membobin gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya ta ƙungiyoyin agaji, [[Al'ada|al'adu]], ko addinai a ciki da waje na Spain don zama masu tallafa musu, rawar da kundin tsarin mulkin Mutanen Espanya ya amince da ita kuma ya tsara ta a cikin Title II Mataki na 62 (j). Yana da alhakin sarki "don yin Babban Gudanarwa na Royal Academies". Royal patronage yana nuna ma'anar amincin hukuma yayin da ake bincika kungiyar don dacewa. Kasancewar sarauta sau da yawa yana haɓaka bayanin martaba na ƙungiyar kuma yana jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai da sha'awar jama'a wanda ƙungiyar ƙila ba ta samu ba, yana taimakawa a cikin aikin sadaka ko al'adun al'adu. Sarakuna suna amfani da shahararsu mai yawa don taimakawa kungiyar don tara kudade ko inganta manufofin gwamnati. Bugu da ƙari, membobin gidan sarauta na iya bin nasu sadaka da al'adu. Sarauniya Sofía ta ba da yawancin lokacinta ga ''Gidauniyar Sarauniya Sofia'' (Fundación Reina Sofía); yayin da Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias ta gabatar da Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias ta shekara-shekara (Premios Princesa de Asturias), wanda ke da niyyar inganta "darajar kimiyya, al'adu da bil'adama waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na al'adun duniya". Gimbiyayar Asturias (Fundacion Princesa de Asturias) tana riƙe da Kyautar Sarauniya ta shekara- shekara-sheko ta Asturias da ke amincewa da gudummawar mutane, ƙungiyoyi, da abubuwan da suka faru a duniya, da suka faru. Sarki Felipe VI yana aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Ibero-American States wanda ke karbar bakuncin taron koli na Ibero-Amurka na shekara-shekara, yana aiki a kasantar shugaban Gidauniyar Codespa, wanda ke ba da kuɗi ga takamaiman ayyukan ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa a Latin Amurka da sauran ƙasashe, kuma yana aiki a matsayinsa na shugaban reshen Mutanen Espanya na Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida na Turai, wanda ya ƙunshi masu samun ƙwararrun masu sadarwa. Sarki Felipe VI kuma yana aiki a matsayin shugaban girmamawa na Ma'aikatar Al'adu na Kasa. Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo, 'yar Juan Carlos ta fari, ita ce Darakta na Al'adu da Ayyukan Jama'a na Gidauniyar Mapfre, yayin da Infanta Cristina, 'yar ƙaramar Juan Carlos, ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Goodwill ga [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] don Taron Duniya na 2 kan Tsuga, kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Amintattun Dali, shugaban Gidauni na Duniya don Jirgin Ruwa, kuma Darakta ta Kiwon La Caixa a [[Barcelona]] inda take zaune tare da iyalinta. Sarki Juan Carlos, Sarauniya Sofia, da Infanta Cristina duk mambobi ne na Kungiyar Bilderberg, wani tunani na al'ada wanda ke da alaƙa da Amurka da Turai, da sauran batutuwan duniya.<ref name="prweb97">{{Cite web |date=13 June 1997 |title=Bilderberg Meeting of 1997 Assembles |url=http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430211149/http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |archive-date=30 April 2011 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Gidan sarauta na Spain * Succession zuwa kursiyin Mutanen Espanya == Bayani == {{Notelist}} == manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.casareal.es/EN/ Gidan sarauta] {{House of Bourbon (Spain)}} g3v80oupaq698d1g5a5b8fy7d04yexl 547541 547540 2024-11-28T13:38:07Z Smshika 14840 547541 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}} Gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya, ya zama reshen Mutanen Espanya na Gidan Bourbon (Spanish: Casa de Borbón), wanda aka fi sani da -Anjou (Spanish: Casa de Bourbón-Anjou). Gidan sarauta yana karkashin jagorancin Sarki Felipe VI kuma a halin yanzu ya kunshi Sarki; Sarauniya Letizia; 'ya'yansu, Leonor, Princess of Asturias, da Infanta Sofia; da iyayen Felipe, Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia. Iyalin sarauta suna zaune a Fadar Zarzuela a [[Madrid]], kodayake gidan su na hukuma shine Fadar sarauta ta Madrid. An bayyana membobin gidan sarauta ta hanyar dokar sarauta kuma sun hada da: Sarkin Spain, matar sarki, iyayen sarki, 'ya'yansa, da magajin kursiyin Spain. == Takardun sarauta da salo == [[Fayil:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg|thumb|226x226px|Alamar makamai ta masarautar Spain]] Takardun sarauta da salon Royal Family sune kamar haka: * Mai zama a kan kursiyin shine (Spanish: el Rey) ko ''Sarauniya'' (Spanishi: la Reina), tare da wasu lakabi da suka shafi kambin ko na dangin sarauta. Ana kiransu ''Mai Girma''. * Matar Sarki tana ɗauke da taken Sarauniya (mace) tare da salon ''Mai Girma''. * Mijin [[Sarauniya|Sarauniya mai mulki]], wanda aka fi sani da "Consort ga Sarauniya ta Spain", yana ɗauke da taken Yarima kuma ana kiransa Mai Girma. {{Efn|[[Queen Isabella II]] granted her husband [[Francis, Duke of Cádiz]], the title of King and the style of ''His Majesty''.}} * Magadan Sarki ko magajin da ake zaton yana ɗauke da taken Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias tare da salon Royal Highness. * Yaran sarki ban da Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, da kuma 'ya'yan Yarima ko Princess, suna ɗauke da taken Infante ko Infanta kuma suna amfani da salon Royal Highness. Yaran Infante ko Infanta suna da matsayi (amma ba taken) na Grandees da kuma salon Excellency. * Maza da gwauraye / gwauraye na 'ya'yan sarki da' ya'ya mata, ban da na Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, suna da damar yin adireshi da girmamawa da sarki zai iya ba su. * Mai mulki na iya ba da darajar Infante ko Infanta tare da salon Highness. == Mambobin gidan sarauta == [[Fayil:Order_of_the_Civil_Merit_Ceremony._5th_Felipe_VI_Reign_Anniversary_02_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia tare da 'ya'yansu mata Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, da Infanta Sofia]] [[Fayil:Los_reyes_de_España_en_la_XV_Cumbre_Iberoamericana.jpg|thumb|Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia]] * An haifi Sarki Felipe VI a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 1968. Shi ne ɗa na uku kuma ɗan Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia.<ref name="casarealsignificantdates">{{Cite web |title=Casa de Su Majestad el Rey de España – Actividades y Agenda – Hitos más importantes de Su Alteza Real el Príncipe de Asturias |url=http://www.casareal.es/ES/Actividades/Paginas/actividades_actividades_detalle.aspx?data=12022 |access-date=20 June 2014 |website=Casareal.es |language=es}}</ref> Ya zama magaji a bayyane lokacin da mahaifinsa ya zama sarki a 1975, kuma an kira shi Yarima na Asturias a 1977. Ya auri Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2004. Ya zama sarki a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2014 a kan abdication na mahaifinsa. * An haifi Sarauniya Letizia a ranar 15 ga Satumba 1972, 'yar fari ta Jesús José Ortiz Álvarez da María de la Paloma Rocasolano Rodríguez. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Álvarez |first=Leticia |date=19 June 2014 |title=Letizia Ortiz, Reina de España |url=https://www.elcomercio.es/politica/201406/19/letizia-ortiz-reina-espana-20140619125541.html |access-date=29 March 2021 |website=El Comercio |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Paloma Rocasolano, enlace sindical |url=http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216024655/http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |archive-date=16 February 2007 |publisher=Diario de Navarra |language=es}}</ref> Sarki da Sarauniya suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu. * Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, ita ce 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia, kuma magajin sarautar Spain tun lokacin da mahaifinta ya hau gadon sarauta a shekarar 2014. <ref name="leonorbirth" /><ref name="felipeaccede" /> An haife ta ne a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2005.<ref name="leonorbirth" /> * Infanta Sofia ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia . An haife ta ne a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2007. <ref name="sofiabirth" /> * Sarki Juan Carlos I shine tsohon sarki na Spain, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1975 zuwa 2014. An haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairun 1938 a matsayin ɗan fari kuma ɗan na biyu na Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona. Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, shi jikan Sarki Alfonso XIII ne. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 1962, Juan Carlos ya auri Gimbiya Sophia ta Girka da Denmark, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya uku. Bayan mutuwar Janar Franco, an ayyana Juan Carlos a matsayin sarki a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 1975. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bernecker |first=Walther |date=January 1998 |title=Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish ''Transición'' |journal=Journal of Contemporary History |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=65–84 |doi=10.1177/003200949803300104 |s2cid=157966975}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, ya yi murabus kuma an naɗa ɗansa a matsayin Sarki Felipe VI . <ref name="felipeaccede" /> * Sarauniya Sofia ita ce matar Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haife ta ne a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Paul da Sarauniya Frederica ta Girka. Sofía ita ce sarauniya ta Spain a lokacin mulkin mijinta. == Mambobin gidan Sarki == * Infanta Elena, Duchess na Lugo, an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba 1963, ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2019 |title=ABC (Madrid) – 21/12/1963, p. 65 – ABC.es Hemeroteca |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1963/12/21/065.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=hemeroteca.abc.es}}</ref> Ta auri Jaime de Marichalar da Sáenz de Tejada a ranar 18 ga Maris 1995, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BOE.es – Documento BOE-A-1995-5742 |url=http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995/05742 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116184453/http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995%2F05742 |archive-date=16 January 2008 |access-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> Duchess tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Marichalar: ** Don Felipe de Marichalar da Borbón (an haife shi 17 ga Yuli 1998) <ref>{{Cite web |last=ESchismógrafo |date=2018-07-18 |title=Froilán descoloca a sus propios familiares y amigos con un giro inesperado |url=https://www.esdiario.com/324101717/Froilan-descoloca-a-sus-propios-familiares-y-amigos-con-un-giro-inesperado.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=esdiario.com}}</ref> ** Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón (an haife ta 9 Satumba 2000) * Infanta Cristina, an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 1965, ita ce ta biyu kuma ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . Ta auri Iñaki Urdangarin Liebaert a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1997, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-24 |title=La infanta Cristina e Iñaki Urdangarin firman su divorcio en secreto |url=https://www.hola.com/actualidad/20240124355057/infanta-cristina-inaki-urdangarin-firman-divorcio-secreto-claves/ |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=HOLA |language=es}}</ref> Infanta Cristina da Iñaki Urdangarin suna da 'ya'ya hudu: ** Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 29 Satumba 1999) <ref name="cristina-family">{{Cite web |last=Luis Gómez |date=11 February 2014 |title=How an ideal couple's life went to hell |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/02/11/inenglish/1392141839_969332.html |access-date=9 September 2016 |publisher=El Pais}}</ref> ** Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 6 Disamba 2000) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2002) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife ta 5 Yuni 2005) <ref name="cristina-family" /> * Gwaggowar Sarki Felipe, marigayi Infanta Pilar, Duchess na Badajoz, tana da 'ya'ya biyar tare da mijinta Luis Gómez-Acebo y Duque de Estrada, 2nd Viscount na La Torre . Yaran Duchess da Viscount sune: ** Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife ta a 31 ga Oktoba 1968) ** Don Juan Gómez-Acebo da Borbón, 3rd The Viscount of La Torre (1969-2024) ** Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi 15 Yuni 1971) ** Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1973) ** Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo da Borbón (1974-2024) * Infanta Margarita, Duchess na Soria da Hernani, ƙaramar 'yar'uwar Sarki Juan Carlos ce kuma kawun Sarki Felipe VI. An haife ta ne a ranar 6 ga Maris 1939 a matsayin yaro na uku kuma ƙaramar 'yar Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bianchi |first=Martin |date=6 March 2020 |title=Doña Margarita, la 'super infanta' que caminaba por las cornisas de los castillos, cumple 81 años |url=https://www.hola.com/realeza/casa_espanola/20200306162391/infanta-margarita-cumple-ochenta-y-uno/ |access-date=22 December 2021 |publisher=¡Hola!}}</ref> Ta auri Carlos Zurita da Delgado a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Salas y Guirior, José |date=13 October 1972 |title=La Infanta Doña Margarita ha contraído matrimonio con el doctor Don Carlos Zurita |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1972/10/13/035.html |publisher=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]}}</ref> * Carlos Zurita, Duke na Soria da Hernani, an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1943 a matsayin ɗan Carlos Zurita y González-Vidalte da María del Carmen Delgado y Fernández de Santaella. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2021 |title=Carlos Zurita cumple 78 años, un cumpleaños más marcado por la polémica de Casa Real |url=https://www.europapress.es/chance/gente/noticia-carlos-zurita-cumple-78-anos-cumpleanos-mas-marcado-polemica-casa-real-20211009085937.html |publisher=Europa Press |language=es}}</ref> Duchess da Duke na Soria suna da 'ya'ya biyu: ** Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón (an haife shi 9 ga watan Agusta 1973) ** Doña María Zurita y Borbón (an haife ta 16 ga Satumba 1975) <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4"> Fayil:L’infante_Hélène_d’Espagne,_duchesse_de_Lugo_en_2011_(cropped).jpg|The Duchess of Lugo Fayil:(Froilán)_Presentación_de_los_carteles_de_la_feria_taurina_de_San_Isidro_2_(cropped).jpg|Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Victoria_Federica_de_Marichalar_y_de_Borbón_(cropped-2).png|Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Infanta_Cristina,_Duchess_of_Palma_de_Mallorca.jpg|Infanta Cristina Fayil:Her_Royal_Highness_the_Duchess_of_Soria_cropped.jpg|The Duchess and Duke of Soria </gallery> == Gidan Bourbon-Sicilies Biyu == * Gimbiya Anne, Dowager Duchess na Calabria, ita ce gwauruwar Infante Carlos, Duke na Calabria (16 ga Janairu 1938 - 5 ga Oktoba 2015), wanda ya kasance dan uwan Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haifi Gimbiya Anne a ranar 4 ga Disamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar Henri, Count na Paris, da Gimbiya Isabelle na Orléans-Braganza . Ta auri Duke na Calabria a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1965. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyar. <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px"> Fayil:Princess_Anne,_Duchess_of_Calabria_(cropped).jpg|The Dowager Duchess </gallery> == Itacen dangin sarauta == {{Tree chart/start|style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;}} {{Tree chart||||||MO|~|AXII|y|MCA||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MO=[[Mercedes of Orléans|Queen María de las Mercedes]]|AXII=[[Alfonso XII of Spain|King Alfonso XII]]|MCA=[[Maria Christina of Austria|Queen María Cristina]]}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.}} {{Tree chart|||PCBTS|y|MPA||||||||AXIII|y|VEB||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MPA=[[Mercedes, Princess of Asturias]]|PCBTS=[[Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]|AXIII=[[Alfonso XIII of Spain|King Alfonso XIII]]|VEB=[[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg|Queen Victoria Eugenia]]}} {{Tree chart||||||!||||||||||||||!|||}} {{Tree chart|||||IADC|y|PABP||||||||IJS|y|MMBTS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|IADC=[[Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria]]|PABP=[[Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma|Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria]]|boxstyle_PABP=border: 1.5px solid red;|IJS=[[Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona]]|MMBTS=[[Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies|Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess of Barcelona]]}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|'||||||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.||}} {{Tree chart|||ICDC|~|PAO||LGA|y|IPDB||JCI|y|SGD||CZ|y|IMDSH||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|ICDC=[[Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria]]|boxstyle_ICDC=border: 1.5px solid red;|PAO=[[Princess Anne, Duchess of Calabria|The Dowager Duchess of Calabria]]**|IPDB=[[Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz|Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz and Viscountess of La Torre]]|boxstyle_IPDB=border: 1.5px solid red;|LGA=Luis Gómez-Acebo, Duke of Badajoz and Viscount of La Torre|boxstyle_LGA=border: 1.5px solid red;|JCI=[[Juan Carlos I of Spain|King Juan Carlos I]]*|SGD=[[Queen Sofía of Spain|Queen Sofía]]*|IMDSH=[[Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria|The Duchess of Soria and Hernani]]**|CZ=[[Carlos Zurita, Duke of Soria|The Duke of Soria and Hernani]]**}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||!||||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||DSGAB||VDLT||DBGAB||DLGAB||DFGAB|!|||||DAZB||DMZB|||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|DSGAB=Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|VDLT=The Viscount de la Torre**|DBGAB=Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DLGAB=Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DFGAB=Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DAZB=Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón**|DMZB=Doña María Zurita y Borbón**}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||JM|y|IEDL||||||IU|y|IC||||||FVI|y|LOR||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|IEDL=[[Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo|The Duchess of Lugo]]**<br />''|JM=[[Jaime de Marichalar]]|IC=[[Infanta Cristina of Spain|Infanta Cristina]]**|IU=[[Iñaki Urdangarin]]**|FVI='''[[Felipe VI of Spain|The King]]'''*|LOR=[[Queen Letizia of Spain|The Queen]]*}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|^|-|.||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||FMB||VMB||DJ||DP||DM||DI||LPA||IS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|FMB=[[Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón|Don Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|VMB=[[Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón|Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|DJ=Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón**|DP=Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón**|DM=Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón**|DI=Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón**|LPA=[[Leonor, Princess of Asturias|The Princess of Asturias]]*|IS=[[Infanta Sofía of Spain|Infanta Sofía]]*}} {{Tree chart/end}} ; Bayani <nowiki>*</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta (kamar yadda ya saba da dangin Sarki, ko dangi mai tsawo) <nowiki>**</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta == Matsayin jama'a == [[Fayil:Premios_Princesa_de_Asturias_2015_1.JPG|right|thumb|Gimbiya ta Asturias Awards bikin]] Sau da yawa ana tambayar membobin gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya ta ƙungiyoyin agaji, [[Al'ada|al'adu]], ko addinai a ciki da waje na Spain don zama masu tallafa musu, rawar da kundin tsarin mulkin Mutanen Espanya ya amince da ita kuma ya tsara ta a cikin Title II Mataki na 62 (j). Yana da alhakin sarki "don yin Babban Gudanarwa na Royal Academies". Royal patronage yana nuna ma'anar amincin hukuma yayin da ake bincika kungiyar don dacewa. Kasancewar sarauta sau da yawa yana haɓaka bayanin martaba na ƙungiyar kuma yana jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai da sha'awar jama'a wanda ƙungiyar ƙila ba ta samu ba, yana taimakawa a cikin aikin sadaka ko al'adun al'adu. Sarakuna suna amfani da shahararsu mai yawa don taimakawa kungiyar don tara kudade ko inganta manufofin gwamnati. Bugu da ƙari, membobin gidan sarauta na iya bin nasu sadaka da al'adu. Sarauniya Sofía ta ba da yawancin lokacinta ga ''Gidauniyar Sarauniya Sofia'' (Fundación Reina Sofía); yayin da Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias ta gabatar da Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias ta shekara-shekara (Premios Princesa de Asturias), wanda ke da niyyar inganta "darajar kimiyya, al'adu da bil'adama waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na al'adun duniya". Gimbiyayar Asturias (Fundacion Princesa de Asturias) tana riƙe da Kyautar Sarauniya ta shekara- shekara-sheko ta Asturias da ke amincewa da gudummawar mutane, ƙungiyoyi, da abubuwan da suka faru a duniya, da suka faru. Sarki Felipe VI yana aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Ibero-American States wanda ke karbar bakuncin taron koli na Ibero-Amurka na shekara-shekara, yana aiki a kasantar shugaban Gidauniyar Codespa, wanda ke ba da kuɗi ga takamaiman ayyukan ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa a Latin Amurka da sauran ƙasashe, kuma yana aiki a matsayinsa na shugaban reshen Mutanen Espanya na Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida na Turai, wanda ya ƙunshi masu samun ƙwararrun masu sadarwa. Sarki Felipe VI kuma yana aiki a matsayin shugaban girmamawa na Ma'aikatar Al'adu na Kasa. Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo, 'yar Juan Carlos ta fari, ita ce Darakta na Al'adu da Ayyukan Jama'a na Gidauniyar Mapfre, yayin da Infanta Cristina, 'yar ƙaramar Juan Carlos, ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Goodwill ga [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] don Taron Duniya na 2 kan Tsuga, kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Amintattun Dali, shugaban Gidauni na Duniya don Jirgin Ruwa, kuma Darakta ta Kiwon La Caixa a [[Barcelona]] inda take zaune tare da iyalinta. Sarki Juan Carlos, Sarauniya Sofia, da Infanta Cristina duk mambobi ne na Kungiyar Bilderberg, wani tunani na al'ada wanda ke da alaƙa da Amurka da Turai, da sauran batutuwan duniya.<ref name="prweb97">{{Cite web |date=13 June 1997 |title=Bilderberg Meeting of 1997 Assembles |url=http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430211149/http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |archive-date=30 April 2011 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Gidan sarauta na Spain * Succession zuwa kursiyin Mutanen Espanya == Bayani == {{Notelist}} == manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.casareal.es/EN/ Gidan sarauta] {{House of Bourbon (Spain)}} mi66zmnds4d9kbh8qo4h83u67z63uns 547758 547541 2024-11-28T20:38:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547758 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}} Gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya, ya zama reshen Mutanen Espanya na Gidan Bourbon (Spanish: Casa de Borbón), wanda aka fi sani da -Anjou (Spanish: Casa de Bourbón-Anjou). Gidan sarauta yana karkashin jagorancin Sarki Felipe VI kuma a halin yanzu ya kunshi Sarki; Sarauniya Letizia; 'ya'yansu, Leonor, Princess of Asturias, da Infanta Sofia; da iyayen Felipe, Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia. Iyalin sarauta suna zaune a Fadar Zarzuela a [[Madrid]], kodayake gidan su na hukuma shine Fadar sarauta ta Madrid. An bayyana membobin gidan sarauta ta hanyar dokar sarauta kuma sun hada da: Sarkin Spain, matar sarki, iyayen sarki, 'ya'yansa, da magajin kursiyin Spain. == Takardun sarauta da salo == [[Fayil:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg|thumb|226x226px|Alamar makamai ta masarautar Spain]] Takardun sarauta da salon Royal Family sune kamar haka: * Mai zama a kan kursiyin shine (Spanish: el Rey) ko ''Sarauniya'' (Spanishi: la Reina), tare da wasu lakabi da suka shafi kambin ko na dangin sarauta. Ana kiransu ''Mai Girma''. * Matar Sarki tana ɗauke da taken Sarauniya (mace) tare da salon ''Mai Girma''. * Mijin [[Sarauniya|Sarauniya mai mulki]], wanda aka fi sani da "Consort ga Sarauniya ta Spain", yana ɗauke da taken Yarima kuma ana kiransa Mai Girma. {{Efn|[[Queen Isabella II]] granted her husband [[Francis, Duke of Cádiz]], the title of King and the style of ''His Majesty''.}} * Magadan Sarki ko magajin da ake zaton yana ɗauke da taken Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias tare da salon Royal Highness. * Yaran sarki ban da Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, da kuma 'ya'yan Yarima ko Princess, suna ɗauke da taken Infante ko Infanta kuma suna amfani da salon Royal Highness. Yaran Infante ko Infanta suna da matsayi (amma ba taken) na Grandees da kuma salon Excellency. * Maza da gwauraye / gwauraye na 'ya'yan sarki da' ya'ya mata, ban da na Yarima ko Gimbiya na Asturias, suna da damar yin adireshi da girmamawa da sarki zai iya ba su. * Mai mulki na iya ba da darajar Infante ko Infanta tare da salon Highness. == Mambobin gidan sarauta == [[Fayil:Order_of_the_Civil_Merit_Ceremony._5th_Felipe_VI_Reign_Anniversary_02_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia tare da 'ya'yansu mata Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, da Infanta Sofia]] [[Fayil:Los_reyes_de_España_en_la_XV_Cumbre_Iberoamericana.jpg|thumb|Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia]] * An haifi Sarki Felipe VI a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 1968. Shi ne ɗa na uku kuma ɗan Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofia.<ref name="casarealsignificantdates">{{Cite web |title=Casa de Su Majestad el Rey de España – Actividades y Agenda – Hitos más importantes de Su Alteza Real el Príncipe de Asturias |url=http://www.casareal.es/ES/Actividades/Paginas/actividades_actividades_detalle.aspx?data=12022 |access-date=20 June 2014 |website=Casareal.es |language=es}}</ref> Ya zama magaji a bayyane lokacin da mahaifinsa ya zama sarki a 1975, kuma an kira shi Yarima na Asturias a 1977. Ya auri Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2004. Ya zama sarki a ranar 19 ga Yuni 2014 a kan abdication na mahaifinsa. * An haifi Sarauniya Letizia a ranar 15 ga Satumba 1972, 'yar fari ta Jesús José Ortiz Álvarez da María de la Paloma Rocasolano Rodríguez. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Álvarez |first=Leticia |date=19 June 2014 |title=Letizia Ortiz, Reina de España |url=https://www.elcomercio.es/politica/201406/19/letizia-ortiz-reina-espana-20140619125541.html |access-date=29 March 2021 |website=El Comercio |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Paloma Rocasolano, enlace sindical |url=http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216024655/http://www.diariodenavarra.es/especiales/bodareal/familias/pagina6.asp |archive-date=16 February 2007 |publisher=Diario de Navarra |language=es}}</ref> Sarki da Sarauniya suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu. * Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias, ita ce 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia, kuma magajin sarautar Spain tun lokacin da mahaifinta ya hau gadon sarauta a shekarar 2014. <ref name="leonorbirth" /><ref name="felipeaccede" /> An haife ta ne a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2005.<ref name="leonorbirth" /> * Infanta Sofia ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia . An haife ta ne a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2007. <ref name="sofiabirth" /> * Sarki Juan Carlos I shine tsohon sarki na Spain, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1975 zuwa 2014. An haife shi a ranar 5 ga Janairun 1938 a matsayin ɗan fari kuma ɗan na biyu na Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona. Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, shi jikan Sarki Alfonso XIII ne. A ranar 14 ga Mayu 1962, Juan Carlos ya auri Gimbiya Sophia ta Girka da Denmark, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya uku. Bayan mutuwar Janar Franco, an ayyana Juan Carlos a matsayin sarki a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 1975. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bernecker |first=Walther |date=January 1998 |title=Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish ''Transición'' |journal=Journal of Contemporary History |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=65–84 |doi=10.1177/003200949803300104 |s2cid=157966975}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2014, ya yi murabus kuma an naɗa ɗansa a matsayin Sarki Felipe VI . <ref name="felipeaccede" /> * Sarauniya Sofia ita ce matar Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haife ta ne a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Paul da Sarauniya Frederica ta Girka. Sofía ita ce sarauniya ta Spain a lokacin mulkin mijinta. == Mambobin gidan Sarki == * Infanta Elena, Duchess na Lugo, an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba 1963, ita ce 'yar fari ta Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2019 |title=ABC (Madrid) – 21/12/1963, p. 65 – ABC.es Hemeroteca |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1963/12/21/065.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=hemeroteca.abc.es}}</ref> Ta auri Jaime de Marichalar da Sáenz de Tejada a ranar 18 ga Maris 1995, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BOE.es – Documento BOE-A-1995-5742 |url=http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995/05742 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116184453/http://www.boe.es/g/es/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=1995%2F05742 |archive-date=16 January 2008 |access-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> Duchess tana da 'ya'ya biyu tare da Marichalar: ** Don Felipe de Marichalar da Borbón (an haife shi 17 ga Yuli 1998) <ref>{{Cite web |last=ESchismógrafo |date=2018-07-18 |title=Froilán descoloca a sus propios familiares y amigos con un giro inesperado |url=https://www.esdiario.com/324101717/Froilan-descoloca-a-sus-propios-familiares-y-amigos-con-un-giro-inesperado.html |access-date=2020-01-12 |website=esdiario.com |archive-date=2019-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210135456/https://www.esdiario.com/324101717/Froilan-descoloca-a-sus-propios-familiares-y-amigos-con-un-giro-inesperado.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ** Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón (an haife ta 9 Satumba 2000) * Infanta Cristina, an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Yuni 1965, ita ce ta biyu kuma ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Juan Carlos I da Sarauniya Sofía . Ta auri Iñaki Urdangarin Liebaert a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1997, kuma sun sake aure a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-24 |title=La infanta Cristina e Iñaki Urdangarin firman su divorcio en secreto |url=https://www.hola.com/actualidad/20240124355057/infanta-cristina-inaki-urdangarin-firman-divorcio-secreto-claves/ |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=HOLA |language=es}}</ref> Infanta Cristina da Iñaki Urdangarin suna da 'ya'ya hudu: ** Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 29 Satumba 1999) <ref name="cristina-family">{{Cite web |last=Luis Gómez |date=11 February 2014 |title=How an ideal couple's life went to hell |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/02/11/inenglish/1392141839_969332.html |access-date=9 September 2016 |publisher=El Pais}}</ref> ** Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi 6 Disamba 2000) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2002) <ref name="cristina-family" /> ** Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón (an haife ta 5 Yuni 2005) <ref name="cristina-family" /> * Gwaggowar Sarki Felipe, marigayi Infanta Pilar, Duchess na Badajoz, tana da 'ya'ya biyar tare da mijinta Luis Gómez-Acebo y Duque de Estrada, 2nd Viscount na La Torre . Yaran Duchess da Viscount sune: ** Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife ta a 31 ga Oktoba 1968) ** Don Juan Gómez-Acebo da Borbón, 3rd The Viscount of La Torre (1969-2024) ** Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi 15 Yuni 1971) ** Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1973) ** Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo da Borbón (1974-2024) * Infanta Margarita, Duchess na Soria da Hernani, ƙaramar 'yar'uwar Sarki Juan Carlos ce kuma kawun Sarki Felipe VI. An haife ta ne a ranar 6 ga Maris 1939 a matsayin yaro na uku kuma ƙaramar 'yar Infante Juan, Count na Barcelona, da Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess na Barcelona . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bianchi |first=Martin |date=6 March 2020 |title=Doña Margarita, la 'super infanta' que caminaba por las cornisas de los castillos, cumple 81 años |url=https://www.hola.com/realeza/casa_espanola/20200306162391/infanta-margarita-cumple-ochenta-y-uno/ |access-date=22 December 2021 |publisher=¡Hola!}}</ref> Ta auri Carlos Zurita da Delgado a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Salas y Guirior, José |date=13 October 1972 |title=La Infanta Doña Margarita ha contraído matrimonio con el doctor Don Carlos Zurita |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1972/10/13/035.html |publisher=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]}}</ref> * Carlos Zurita, Duke na Soria da Hernani, an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Oktoba 1943 a matsayin ɗan Carlos Zurita y González-Vidalte da María del Carmen Delgado y Fernández de Santaella. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2021 |title=Carlos Zurita cumple 78 años, un cumpleaños más marcado por la polémica de Casa Real |url=https://www.europapress.es/chance/gente/noticia-carlos-zurita-cumple-78-anos-cumpleanos-mas-marcado-polemica-casa-real-20211009085937.html |publisher=Europa Press |language=es}}</ref> Duchess da Duke na Soria suna da 'ya'ya biyu: ** Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón (an haife shi 9 ga watan Agusta 1973) ** Doña María Zurita y Borbón (an haife ta 16 ga Satumba 1975) <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4"> Fayil:L’infante_Hélène_d’Espagne,_duchesse_de_Lugo_en_2011_(cropped).jpg|The Duchess of Lugo Fayil:(Froilán)_Presentación_de_los_carteles_de_la_feria_taurina_de_San_Isidro_2_(cropped).jpg|Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Victoria_Federica_de_Marichalar_y_de_Borbón_(cropped-2).png|Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón Fayil:Infanta_Cristina,_Duchess_of_Palma_de_Mallorca.jpg|Infanta Cristina Fayil:Her_Royal_Highness_the_Duchess_of_Soria_cropped.jpg|The Duchess and Duke of Soria </gallery> == Gidan Bourbon-Sicilies Biyu == * Gimbiya Anne, Dowager Duchess na Calabria, ita ce gwauruwar Infante Carlos, Duke na Calabria (16 ga Janairu 1938 - 5 ga Oktoba 2015), wanda ya kasance dan uwan Sarki Juan Carlos I. An haifi Gimbiya Anne a ranar 4 ga Disamba 1938, kuma ita ce 'yar Henri, Count na Paris, da Gimbiya Isabelle na Orléans-Braganza . Ta auri Duke na Calabria a ranar 11 ga Mayu 1965. Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya biyar. <gallery widths="150px" heights="150px"> Fayil:Princess_Anne,_Duchess_of_Calabria_(cropped).jpg|The Dowager Duchess </gallery> == Itacen dangin sarauta == {{Tree chart/start|style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;}} {{Tree chart||||||MO|~|AXII|y|MCA||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MO=[[Mercedes of Orléans|Queen María de las Mercedes]]|AXII=[[Alfonso XII of Spain|King Alfonso XII]]|MCA=[[Maria Christina of Austria|Queen María Cristina]]}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.}} {{Tree chart|||PCBTS|y|MPA||||||||AXIII|y|VEB||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|MPA=[[Mercedes, Princess of Asturias]]|PCBTS=[[Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]|AXIII=[[Alfonso XIII of Spain|King Alfonso XIII]]|VEB=[[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg|Queen Victoria Eugenia]]}} {{Tree chart||||||!||||||||||||||!|||}} {{Tree chart|||||IADC|y|PABP||||||||IJS|y|MMBTS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid red;|IADC=[[Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria]]|PABP=[[Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma|Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria]]|boxstyle_PABP=border: 1.5px solid red;|IJS=[[Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona]]|MMBTS=[[Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies|Princess María de las Mercedes, Countess of Barcelona]]}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|'||||||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.||}} {{Tree chart|||ICDC|~|PAO||LGA|y|IPDB||JCI|y|SGD||CZ|y|IMDSH||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|ICDC=[[Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria]]|boxstyle_ICDC=border: 1.5px solid red;|PAO=[[Princess Anne, Duchess of Calabria|The Dowager Duchess of Calabria]]**|IPDB=[[Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz|Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz and Viscountess of La Torre]]|boxstyle_IPDB=border: 1.5px solid red;|LGA=Luis Gómez-Acebo, Duke of Badajoz and Viscount of La Torre|boxstyle_LGA=border: 1.5px solid red;|JCI=[[Juan Carlos I of Spain|King Juan Carlos I]]*|SGD=[[Queen Sofía of Spain|Queen Sofía]]*|IMDSH=[[Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria|The Duchess of Soria and Hernani]]**|CZ=[[Carlos Zurita, Duke of Soria|The Duke of Soria and Hernani]]**}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||!||||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||DSGAB||VDLT||DBGAB||DLGAB||DFGAB|!|||||DAZB||DMZB|||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|DSGAB=Doña Simoneta Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|VDLT=The Viscount de la Torre**|DBGAB=Don Bruno Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DLGAB=Don Luis Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DFGAB=Don Fernando Gómez-Acebo y Borbón**|DAZB=Don Alfonso Zurita y Borbón**|DMZB=Doña María Zurita y Borbón**}} {{Tree chart||||||||,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||JM|y|IEDL||||||IU|y|IC||||||FVI|y|LOR||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|IEDL=[[Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo|The Duchess of Lugo]]**<br />''|JM=[[Jaime de Marichalar]]|IC=[[Infanta Cristina of Spain|Infanta Cristina]]**|IU=[[Iñaki Urdangarin]]**|FVI='''[[Felipe VI of Spain|The King]]'''*|LOR=[[Queen Letizia of Spain|The Queen]]*}} {{Tree chart||||,|-|^|-|.||||,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.||||,|-|^|-|.|}} {{Tree chart|||FMB||VMB||DJ||DP||DM||DI||LPA||IS||boxstyle=border: 1.5px solid green;|FMB=[[Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón|Don Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|VMB=[[Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón|Doña Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón]]**|DJ=Don Juan Urdangarín y Borbón**|DP=Don Pablo Urdangarín y Borbón**|DM=Don Miguel Urdangarín y Borbón**|DI=Doña Irene Urdangarín y Borbón**|LPA=[[Leonor, Princess of Asturias|The Princess of Asturias]]*|IS=[[Infanta Sofía of Spain|Infanta Sofía]]*}} {{Tree chart/end}} ; Bayani <nowiki>*</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta (kamar yadda ya saba da dangin Sarki, ko dangi mai tsawo) <nowiki>**</nowiki> - memba na dangin sarauta == Matsayin jama'a == [[Fayil:Premios_Princesa_de_Asturias_2015_1.JPG|right|thumb|Gimbiya ta Asturias Awards bikin]] Sau da yawa ana tambayar membobin gidan sarauta na Mutanen Espanya ta ƙungiyoyin agaji, [[Al'ada|al'adu]], ko addinai a ciki da waje na Spain don zama masu tallafa musu, rawar da kundin tsarin mulkin Mutanen Espanya ya amince da ita kuma ya tsara ta a cikin Title II Mataki na 62 (j). Yana da alhakin sarki "don yin Babban Gudanarwa na Royal Academies". Royal patronage yana nuna ma'anar amincin hukuma yayin da ake bincika kungiyar don dacewa. Kasancewar sarauta sau da yawa yana haɓaka bayanin martaba na ƙungiyar kuma yana jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai da sha'awar jama'a wanda ƙungiyar ƙila ba ta samu ba, yana taimakawa a cikin aikin sadaka ko al'adun al'adu. Sarakuna suna amfani da shahararsu mai yawa don taimakawa kungiyar don tara kudade ko inganta manufofin gwamnati. Bugu da ƙari, membobin gidan sarauta na iya bin nasu sadaka da al'adu. Sarauniya Sofía ta ba da yawancin lokacinta ga ''Gidauniyar Sarauniya Sofia'' (Fundación Reina Sofía); yayin da Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias ta gabatar da Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias ta shekara-shekara (Premios Princesa de Asturias), wanda ke da niyyar inganta "darajar kimiyya, al'adu da bil'adama waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na al'adun duniya". Gimbiyayar Asturias (Fundacion Princesa de Asturias) tana riƙe da Kyautar Sarauniya ta shekara- shekara-sheko ta Asturias da ke amincewa da gudummawar mutane, ƙungiyoyi, da abubuwan da suka faru a duniya, da suka faru. Sarki Felipe VI yana aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Ibero-American States wanda ke karbar bakuncin taron koli na Ibero-Amurka na shekara-shekara, yana aiki a kasantar shugaban Gidauniyar Codespa, wanda ke ba da kuɗi ga takamaiman ayyukan ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa a Latin Amurka da sauran ƙasashe, kuma yana aiki a matsayinsa na shugaban reshen Mutanen Espanya na Ƙungiyar 'Yan Jarida na Turai, wanda ya ƙunshi masu samun ƙwararrun masu sadarwa. Sarki Felipe VI kuma yana aiki a matsayin shugaban girmamawa na Ma'aikatar Al'adu na Kasa. Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo, 'yar Juan Carlos ta fari, ita ce Darakta na Al'adu da Ayyukan Jama'a na Gidauniyar Mapfre, yayin da Infanta Cristina, 'yar ƙaramar Juan Carlos, ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Goodwill ga [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] don Taron Duniya na 2 kan Tsuga, kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Amintattun Dali, shugaban Gidauni na Duniya don Jirgin Ruwa, kuma Darakta ta Kiwon La Caixa a [[Barcelona]] inda take zaune tare da iyalinta. Sarki Juan Carlos, Sarauniya Sofia, da Infanta Cristina duk mambobi ne na Kungiyar Bilderberg, wani tunani na al'ada wanda ke da alaƙa da Amurka da Turai, da sauran batutuwan duniya.<ref name="prweb97">{{Cite web |date=13 June 1997 |title=Bilderberg Meeting of 1997 Assembles |url=http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430211149/http://www.prnewswire.de/cgi/release?id=42594 |archive-date=30 April 2011 |publisher=[[PR Newswire]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Gidan sarauta na Spain * Succession zuwa kursiyin Mutanen Espanya == Bayani == {{Notelist}} == manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.casareal.es/EN/ Gidan sarauta] {{House of Bourbon (Spain)}} 1k5m9m87pti5gcqt1u1qo3pfn2aboqy 0 88236 547544 2024-11-28T13:56:18Z Saudarh2 14842 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1252873825|Royal Household of Denmark]]" 547544 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Gidan sarauta na Denmark''' (Danish language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Danish: Det Kongelige Danske Hof) (wanda ake kira ''''''Kotun''' Sarauta ta Denmark''', kuma an san shi da "Court" (Danish) shine kafawa da kuma sassan hadin gwiwa wanda ke tallafawa masarauta da membobin gidan sarauta na Danish. Gidan sarauta yana tallafawa da kuma taimaka wa dangin sarauta a cikin tsarawa da kuma aiwatar da ayyukansu na sarauta da hakkoki. Sarki mai ci, Frederik X, shi ne shugaban gidan sarauta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kongehuset |url=https://faktalink.dk/titelliste/kongehuset |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Faktalink |language=en}}</ref> ’Yan gidan sarauta kowanne na da karamar hukumarsa, wadda ake kira Jihar Kotu. Mafi girma ita ce Jihar Kotun Sarki Frederik. Sashin gudanarwa na Gidan Sarauta yana cikin Fadar Yellow akan Amaliegade . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kongehuset og hoffet {{!}} lex.dk |url=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/.taxonomy/3946 |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Den Store Danske |language=da}}</ref> == Jihohin kotuna == Gidan sarauta a halin yanzu yana ɗaukar kusan mutane 130 kuma an raba shi ta hanyar aiki zuwa yawancin sassan gudanarwa da ake kira jihohin kotu ( Danish </link> ). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-09 |title=The Court |url=http://kongehuset.dk/en/the-court |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=The Danish Monarchy - Front Page |language=en}}</ref> === Mai Martaba Sarkin Kano === ==== Kotun Marshal ==== Kotun Marshal na Denmark shine Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Gidan Sarauta. Wannan rawar a al'ada ta fada hannun Ubangiji Chamberlain na Denmark, amma wannan lakabin ba a yi amfani da shi ba, kuma duk ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da take an ware wa Kotun Marshal . ==== Ofishin Marshal Court ==== Ofishin Marshal na Kotun shine sakatariyar Sarki. Ofishin shi ne ke kula da dukkan shirye-shiryen gudanar da ayyukan hukuma, kamar ziyarar jahohi a gida da waje, liyafar cin abinci da liyafar cin abinci, da bukukuwan kotuna, gami da gabatar da takardun shaida daga jakadu da kuma masu sauraronsu na bankwana. ==== Jagoran Biki ==== Jagoran Bikin ne ke da alhakin gudanar da bukukuwan, misali shirya ziyarar jaha da jam'iyyun hukuma. ==== Ofishin Baitulmali ==== Ma'aji na Gidan Sarauta ne ke da alhakin Ofishin Baitulmali, wanda ke gudanar da kasafin kuɗin gabaɗaya, lissafin lissafin farar hula da gudanarwa na gidauniyar sarki. Har ila yau, Ma'aji yana da alhakin duk fadoji da kadarori na Sarki, IT, tsaro da kuma Takardun Sarauta. ==== Jagoran Sashen Gida ==== Jagoran Sashen Iyali yana da alhakin ayyuka da yawa, gami da sabis na valet, sabis na abinci da abin sha a ayyuka, shirye-shiryen tafiye-tafiye da kaya, tuki, sarrafa wuraren sayar da giya, dafa abinci da kiyaye gida. Jagoran Gidan Mai Gudanarwa, an raba sashen zuwa rassan da Chasseurs biyu ke gudanarwa, Chef de Cuisine da Matron na Gidan . ==== Sashin Sana'a ==== Babban Mai sana'a ne ke da alhakin ayyukan Bita na Gida. Ma’aikatanta sun hada da masu yin majalisar ministoci, mai fenti, mai yin ado da mai yin riguna. Taron bitar na gida kuma yana hannun ƴan sana'a na waje da aka ɗauka don yin takamaiman ayyukan kiyayewa da kiyayewa. ==== Royal Mews ==== Royal Mews yana kula da masu horar da biki, [[Vehicle|motoci]] da dawakai . Ana amfani da dawakan don jan kociyoyin da kuma don jin daɗin dangin sarki da hawan hutu. Royal Mews ne ke kula da duk wani tuki na bikin. ==== Littafin Magana na Sarki ==== An kafa ɗakin karatu na King (ko Sarauniya) a kasuwar Christianborg ta Frederik VI . a cikin 1746 kuma tun daga lokacin ya zama cibiyar dindindin. Ma'aikacin Laburare na Laburare na Magana ne ke tafiyar da ɗakin karatu. ==== Mataimaka-de-sansanin Sarki (Gidan Soja na Sarki) ==== Mataimaka-de-sansanin Sarki (wanda kuma ake kira Gidan Soja na Sarki) wata hukuma ce ta Ma'aikatar Tsaro wacce aka baiwa Sarki a matsayin [[shugaban kasa]] . Mataimaka-de-sansanin ga Sarki shine babban haɗin gwiwa tsakanin dangin sarki da sojoji . Ma'aikatan sun ƙunshi mutane tara: Adjutant Chief of Staff, wanda ke da matsayi na Kanar Soja da mataimakansa guda biyu daga kowane reshe na Sojojin ( Sojoji, Navy da Air Force ) tare da matsayi na Manjo / Navy Captain da kuma biyu. 'yan sanda . ==== Ofishin Kyaftin na Royal Yacht ==== [[Captain of the Royal Yacht|Kyaftin na Royal Yacht]] kwamanda ne a cikin sojojin ruwa kuma kyaftin na Royal Yacht Dannebrog kuma shine abokin hulɗar sarki kai tsaye da sojojin ruwa kuma mai ba da shawara kan lamuran teku. ==== Jagoran Farauta Royal a Dajin Jiha ==== [[Master of the hunt (Denmark)|Jagoran farauta na sarauta]] wani yanki ne na gandun daji kuma shine abin da ke da alaƙa tsakanin dangin sarauta na Danish da gandun daji na jihar . Yana shirya farautar sarauta na shekara-shekara. ==== Royal Konfessionarius (Chaplain-in-Taraka) ==== Royal Konfessionarius (daidai da Chaplain-in-Ordinary ) shine mai ba da shawara na ruhaniya na Sarki kuma mai ba da shawara kuma babban firist na dangin sarki. ==== Ofishin Sakatare mai zaman kansa ==== Ofishin Sakatare mai zaman kansa yana karkashin jagorancin Sakataren Sarki mai zaman kansa. Ofishin sakatare mai zaman kansa yana taimaka wa mai martaba sarki a matsayin [[shugaban kasa]] . ==== Babin Dokokin Royal Danish na Knighthood ==== Cibiyar ana kiranta da sunan Babin oda (daidai da Kwalejin Makamai ). An kafa shi ne dangane da sake tsara Order na Dannebrog a cikin 1808. Tarihi ba ya cikin jihohin kotun, saboda yana tsaye a karkashin sarki a matsayin Chancellor na oda. === Kotun [[Margrethe II|Sarauniya Margrethe]] === Shugaban ma'aikatan fadar shugaban kasa ne ke jagorantar kotun. === Yarima Joachim da Jihar Kotun Gimbiya Marie === Sakatare mai zaman kansa ne ke jagorantar gwamnatin jihar. === Jihar Kotun Gimbiya Benedikte === Sakatare mai zaman kansa ne ke jagorantar gwamnatin jihar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kfpj5hqkycrb0cn126z93j6gsohlei3 547757 547544 2024-11-28T20:38:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 547757 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Gidan sarauta na Denmark''' (Danish language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Danish: Det Kongelige Danske Hof) (wanda ake kira ''''''Kotun''' Sarauta ta Denmark''', kuma an san shi da "Court" (Danish) shine kafawa da kuma sassan hadin gwiwa wanda ke tallafawa masarauta da membobin gidan sarauta na Danish. Gidan sarauta yana tallafawa da kuma taimaka wa dangin sarauta a cikin tsarawa da kuma aiwatar da ayyukansu na sarauta da hakkoki. Sarki mai ci, Frederik X, shi ne shugaban gidan sarauta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kongehuset |url=https://faktalink.dk/titelliste/kongehuset |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Faktalink |language=en}}</ref> ’Yan gidan sarauta kowanne na da karamar hukumarsa, wadda ake kira Jihar Kotu. Mafi girma ita ce Jihar Kotun Sarki Frederik. Sashin gudanarwa na Gidan Sarauta yana cikin Fadar Yellow akan Amaliegade . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kongehuset og hoffet {{!}} lex.dk |url=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/.taxonomy/3946 |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=Den Store Danske |language=da}}</ref> == Jihohin kotuna == Gidan sarauta a halin yanzu yana ɗaukar kusan mutane 130 kuma an raba shi ta hanyar aiki zuwa yawancin sassan gudanarwa da ake kira jihohin kotu ( Danish </link> ). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-09 |title=The Court |url=http://kongehuset.dk/en/the-court |access-date=2020-06-06 |website=The Danish Monarchy - Front Page |language=en |archive-date=2020-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605052721/http://kongehuset.dk/en/the-court |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Mai Martaba Sarkin Kano === ==== Kotun Marshal ==== Kotun Marshal na Denmark shine Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa na Gidan Sarauta. Wannan rawar a al'ada ta fada hannun Ubangiji Chamberlain na Denmark, amma wannan lakabin ba a yi amfani da shi ba, kuma duk ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da take an ware wa Kotun Marshal . ==== Ofishin Marshal Court ==== Ofishin Marshal na Kotun shine sakatariyar Sarki. Ofishin shi ne ke kula da dukkan shirye-shiryen gudanar da ayyukan hukuma, kamar ziyarar jahohi a gida da waje, liyafar cin abinci da liyafar cin abinci, da bukukuwan kotuna, gami da gabatar da takardun shaida daga jakadu da kuma masu sauraronsu na bankwana. ==== Jagoran Biki ==== Jagoran Bikin ne ke da alhakin gudanar da bukukuwan, misali shirya ziyarar jaha da jam'iyyun hukuma. ==== Ofishin Baitulmali ==== Ma'aji na Gidan Sarauta ne ke da alhakin Ofishin Baitulmali, wanda ke gudanar da kasafin kuɗin gabaɗaya, lissafin lissafin farar hula da gudanarwa na gidauniyar sarki. Har ila yau, Ma'aji yana da alhakin duk fadoji da kadarori na Sarki, IT, tsaro da kuma Takardun Sarauta. ==== Jagoran Sashen Gida ==== Jagoran Sashen Iyali yana da alhakin ayyuka da yawa, gami da sabis na valet, sabis na abinci da abin sha a ayyuka, shirye-shiryen tafiye-tafiye da kaya, tuki, sarrafa wuraren sayar da giya, dafa abinci da kiyaye gida. Jagoran Gidan Mai Gudanarwa, an raba sashen zuwa rassan da Chasseurs biyu ke gudanarwa, Chef de Cuisine da Matron na Gidan . ==== Sashin Sana'a ==== Babban Mai sana'a ne ke da alhakin ayyukan Bita na Gida. Ma’aikatanta sun hada da masu yin majalisar ministoci, mai fenti, mai yin ado da mai yin riguna. Taron bitar na gida kuma yana hannun ƴan sana'a na waje da aka ɗauka don yin takamaiman ayyukan kiyayewa da kiyayewa. ==== Royal Mews ==== Royal Mews yana kula da masu horar da biki, [[Vehicle|motoci]] da dawakai . Ana amfani da dawakan don jan kociyoyin da kuma don jin daɗin dangin sarki da hawan hutu. Royal Mews ne ke kula da duk wani tuki na bikin. ==== Littafin Magana na Sarki ==== An kafa ɗakin karatu na King (ko Sarauniya) a kasuwar Christianborg ta Frederik VI . a cikin 1746 kuma tun daga lokacin ya zama cibiyar dindindin. Ma'aikacin Laburare na Laburare na Magana ne ke tafiyar da ɗakin karatu. ==== Mataimaka-de-sansanin Sarki (Gidan Soja na Sarki) ==== Mataimaka-de-sansanin Sarki (wanda kuma ake kira Gidan Soja na Sarki) wata hukuma ce ta Ma'aikatar Tsaro wacce aka baiwa Sarki a matsayin [[shugaban kasa]] . Mataimaka-de-sansanin ga Sarki shine babban haɗin gwiwa tsakanin dangin sarki da sojoji . Ma'aikatan sun ƙunshi mutane tara: Adjutant Chief of Staff, wanda ke da matsayi na Kanar Soja da mataimakansa guda biyu daga kowane reshe na Sojojin ( Sojoji, Navy da Air Force ) tare da matsayi na Manjo / Navy Captain da kuma biyu. 'yan sanda . ==== Ofishin Kyaftin na Royal Yacht ==== [[Captain of the Royal Yacht|Kyaftin na Royal Yacht]] kwamanda ne a cikin sojojin ruwa kuma kyaftin na Royal Yacht Dannebrog kuma shine abokin hulɗar sarki kai tsaye da sojojin ruwa kuma mai ba da shawara kan lamuran teku. ==== Jagoran Farauta Royal a Dajin Jiha ==== [[Master of the hunt (Denmark)|Jagoran farauta na sarauta]] wani yanki ne na gandun daji kuma shine abin da ke da alaƙa tsakanin dangin sarauta na Danish da gandun daji na jihar . Yana shirya farautar sarauta na shekara-shekara. ==== Royal Konfessionarius (Chaplain-in-Taraka) ==== Royal Konfessionarius (daidai da Chaplain-in-Ordinary ) shine mai ba da shawara na ruhaniya na Sarki kuma mai ba da shawara kuma babban firist na dangin sarki. ==== Ofishin Sakatare mai zaman kansa ==== Ofishin Sakatare mai zaman kansa yana karkashin jagorancin Sakataren Sarki mai zaman kansa. Ofishin sakatare mai zaman kansa yana taimaka wa mai martaba sarki a matsayin [[shugaban kasa]] . ==== Babin Dokokin Royal Danish na Knighthood ==== Cibiyar ana kiranta da sunan Babin oda (daidai da Kwalejin Makamai ). An kafa shi ne dangane da sake tsara Order na Dannebrog a cikin 1808. Tarihi ba ya cikin jihohin kotun, saboda yana tsaye a karkashin sarki a matsayin Chancellor na oda. === Kotun [[Margrethe II|Sarauniya Margrethe]] === Shugaban ma'aikatan fadar shugaban kasa ne ke jagorantar kotun. === Yarima Joachim da Jihar Kotun Gimbiya Marie === Sakatare mai zaman kansa ne ke jagorantar gwamnatin jihar. === Jihar Kotun Gimbiya Benedikte === Sakatare mai zaman kansa ne ke jagorantar gwamnatin jihar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2jyx2qp700ftxrwth9ddwzw795y30vq 0 88237 547545 2024-11-28T14:00:15Z Saudarh2 14842 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259275486|Dynasty]]" 547545 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:The_Imperial_Family_of_Japan,_2021.jpg|thumb|400x400px| Hoton dangi na gidan sarauta na Japan, daular sarauta mafi tsufa a duniya tun aƙalla 539, tare da tsararraki uku (daga hagu) Empress Michiko, [[Akihito|Emperor Akihito]], ɗansu [[Naruhito|Sarkin sarakuna Naruhito]] da abokinsa Empress Masako, Prince Akishino da Gimbiya Akishino, da kuma bayan su yara (2021)]] '''Daular sarauta''' ita ce jerin masu mulki daga iyali ɗaya, yawanci a cikin tsarin [[Sarauta|tsarin sarauta]], amma wani lokacin kuma yana bayyana a cikin jumhuriya . Hakanan ana iya kiran daular a matsayin " '''gida''' ", " '''iyali''' " ko " '''dangi''' ", da sauransu. Masana tarihi sun tsara tarihin jihohi da [[wayewa]] da yawa, irin su [[Tarihin Iran|Iran Tsohuwar]] (3200-539 BC), Tsohuwar Masar (3100-30 BC), da [[Tarihin Kasar Sin|tsohuwar daular China]] (2070 BC - AD 1912), ta hanyar amfani da tsarin daular da suka biyo baya. Don haka, ana iya amfani da kalmar “daular” don iyakance zamanin da iyali suka yi sarauta. Kafin karni na 18, yawancin dauloli a ko'ina cikin duniya an yi la'akari da su bisa ga al'ada, kamar waɗanda ke bin dokar Salic na Faransa . A cikin siyasar da aka ba da izini, gado ta hanyar diya yakan kafa sabuwar daular a cikin sunan dangin mijinta. Wannan ya canza a duk sauran masarautu na Turai, inda [[Haƙƙin magada|dokokin maye gurbinsu]] da tarurruka suka ci gaba da yin suna ''de jure'' ta hanyar mace. Siyasar dimokuradiyya ta ragu a tsawon lokaci, saboda raguwar sarauta a matsayin tsarin gwamnati, haɓakar dimokuradiyya, da raguwa a cikin dimokuradiyya na zaɓaɓɓun membobin da suka fito daga iyalai. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Coppennolle |first=Brenda |last2=Smith |first2=Daniel |date=2023 |title=Dynasties in Historical Political Economy |url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/lqsgoid620klgmi/vanCoppenolle-Smith-DynastiesHPE-final_draft.pdf?dl=0 |url-status=live |journal=The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920145645/https://www.dropbox.com/s/lqsgoid620klgmi/vanCoppenolle-Smith-DynastiesHPE-final_draft.pdf?dl=0 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> == Kalmomi == Kalmar "daular" (daga Greek </link> , ''dynasteía'' "iko", "Ubangiji", daga ''dynástes'' "mai mulki") wani lokaci ana amfani da shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ga mutanen da ba masu mulki ba amma, alal misali, 'yan uwa ne masu tasiri da iko a wasu wurare, kamar jerin masu mallakar babban kamfani, ko kowane iyali da ke da gado, kamar daular mawaƙa ko ƴan wasan kwaikwayo. Har ila yau, ana ba da shi ga mutanen da ba su da dangantaka, kamar manyan mawaƙa na makaranta ɗaya ko jerin sunayen kungiyoyi daban-daban na ƙungiyar wasanni guda ɗaya. Iyalin dynastic ko zuriya za a iya sanin su da "gida mai daraja", wanda za a iya sawa a matsayin " sarauta ", " [[Sarki|sarauta]] ", " sarauta ", " ducal ", " comital " ko " baronial ", dangane da shugaba ko na yanzu suna da membobinsa, amma ana kiransa sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙara sunan bayan haka, kamar a cikin " House of Habsburg ". === Ma'anarsa === [[Fayil:Order_of_the_Civil_Merit_Ceremony._5th_Felipe_VI_Reign_Anniversary_02_(cropped).jpg|thumb| [[Gidan sarauta na Spain|Gidan sarautar Spain]] na gidan Bourbon ya samo asali ne daga daular Capetian na karni na 9, don haka ya sa ta zama daula mafi tsufa a Turai (hoton Sarki Felipe VI, Sarauniya Letizia, Gimbiya Asturias da kanwarta Infanta). Sofia, in 2019)]] Wani lokaci ana kiran wani mai mulki daga daular a matsayin "daular", amma kuma ana amfani da wannan kalmar don kwatanta duk wani memba na iyali mai mulki wanda ke da [[Haƙƙin magada|'yancin yin nasara]] a kan karaga . Misali, Sarki Edward na VIII ya daina zama daular House of Windsor bayan saukarsa. A cikin nassoshi na tarihi da na masarautu game da iyalai masu mulki a baya, “daular” ɗan iyali ne wanda da zai sami haƙƙin gado, dokokin masarauta har yanzu suna aiki. Misali, bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa Archduke Franz Ferdinand na Ostiriya a shekara ta 1914 da matarsa, an ketare dansu Maximilian, Duke na Hohenberg, don sarautar Austro-Hungary domin shi ba daular Habsburg ba ne. Ko bayan da aka soke sarautar Austriya, Duke Maximilian da zuriyarsa ba su yi la'akari da cewa sarakunan Austriya ba ne masu gaskiya ba, kuma ba su da'awar wannan matsayi. 5jencr580ys35ahwmw1whq1st9b5den 0 88238 547546 2024-11-28T14:06:37Z Saudarh2 14842 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258354614|Destiny's Child]]" 547546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=Destiny's Child|image=Destiny Child at Super Bowl XLVII halftime show.jpg|caption=Destiny's Child at the [[Super Bowl XLVII halftime show]] in 2013 (left to right: Kelly Rowland, Beyoncé Knowles, Michelle Williams)|Landscape=yes|Alias=Girl's Tyme|Origin=[[Houston]], [[Texas]], U.S.|Genre={{Hlist|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]|[[Pop music|pop]]}}|Years_active={{hlist|1997–2006|2013|2018}}|Label={{flatlist| * [[Elektra Records|Elektra]] * [[Columbia Records|Columbia]] * [[Music World Entertainment|Music World]] }}|Past_members=<!-- Please discuss on talk page before inserting years of membership. Thank you. --> * [[Beyoncé|Beyoncé Knowles]] * [[LaTavia Roberson]] * [[Kelly Rowland]] * [[LeToya Luckett]] * [[Farrah Franklin]] * [[Michelle Williams (singer)|Michelle Williams]]|website={{URL|destinyschild.com}}}} '''Destiny's Child''' wata [[Girl group|ƙungiyar 'yan matan]] Amurka ce wadda jeri na ƙarshe ya ƙunshi [[Beyoncé|Beyoncé Knowles]], Kelly Rowland, da Michelle Williams . Ƙungiyar ta fara aikin kiɗan su azaman '''Girl's Tyme''', wanda aka kafa a cikin 1990 a [[Houston]], Texas. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 13, 2005 |title=Destiny's Child's Long Road to Fame (The Song Isn't Called 'Survivor' for Nothing) |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1504044/destinys-childs-long-road-fame.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209094113/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1504044/destinys-childs-long-road-fame.jhtml |archive-date=February 9, 2014 |access-date=June 4, 2014 |publisher=MTV}}</ref> Bayan shekaru na iyakacin nasara, ainihin quartet wanda ya ƙunshi Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson, da LeToya Luckett an sanya hannu a cikin 1997 zuwa Rikodin Columbia azaman Ƙaddara. An ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar zuwa ga karɓuwa na yau da kullun bayan fitowar waƙar " A'a, A'a, A'a " da kuma kundi na biyu da aka fi siyar, ''The Writing's on the Wall'' (1999), wanda ya ƙunshi waƙoƙin guda ɗaya " Bills, Bills, Bills "da" Say My Name ", tare da nasara mawaƙa" Bug a Boo "da" Jumpin', Jumpin' ". Duk da nasara mai mahimmanci da kasuwanci, ƙungiyar ta fuskanci rikice-rikice na cikin gida da hargitsi na shari'a, yayin da Roberson da Luckett suka yi ƙoƙari su rabu da hmanajan kungiyar Mathew Knowles saboda fifikon Knowles da Rowland. A farkon 2000, an maye gurbin Roberson da Luckett tare da Williams da Farrah Franklin ; duk da haka, Franklin ya bar kungiyar bayan 'yan watanni, ya bar kungiyar a matsayin uku . Kundin su na uku, ''Survivor'' (2001), wanda jigoginsa da jama'a suka fassara a matsayin tasha ga ƙwarewar ƙungiyar, ta samar da hits na duniya " Matan Masu zaman kansu ", " Mai tsira " da " Bootylicious ". Daga baya waccan shekarar, sun kuma fitar da kundin Kirsimeti mai suna ''8 Days of Christmas'', kuma sun sanar da dakatarwa don biyan ayyukan solo. Su ukun sun sake haduwa bayan shekaru biyu don sakin kundi na biyar kuma na karshe, ''Destiny Fulfilled'' (2004), wanda ya haifar da hits na kasa da kasa " Lose My Breath " da " Soja ". Tun bayan watsewar hukuma a cikin 2006, Knowles, Rowland, da Williams sun sake haduwa sau da yawa, ciki har da wasan kwaikwayon 2013 Super Bowl da kuma bikin 2018 Coachella . Destiny's Child ya sayar da fiye da rikodin miliyan 60 {{As of|2013}} </link></link> . ''Billboard'' ya sanya ƙungiyar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman kiɗan kiɗa na kowane lokaci, ɗan wasan fasaha na tara mafi nasara na 2000s, kuma ya sanya ƙungiyar 68th a cikin jerin masu fasaha na All-Time Hot 100 a cikin 2008 ] kuma a cikin watan Disamba na 2016, mujallar ta sanya su a matsayin 90th mafi nasara mai fasaha na kulob din rawa a kowane lokaci. An zabi ƙungiyar don 14 [[Lambar yabo ta Grammy|Grammy Awards]], ta lashe sau biyu don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan R &amp;amp; B ta Duo ko Ƙungiya tare da Vocals kuma sau ɗaya don Mafi kyawun R &amp;amp; B Song . == Tarihi == === 1990–1997: Farkon Farko da Lokacin Yarinya === A cikin 1990, [[Beyoncé|Beyoncé Knowles]] ta sadu da LaTavia Roberson a wani taron 'yan mata. An kafa su a [[Houston]], Texas, an haɗa su da ƙungiyar da ke yin raye-raye da rawa. Kelly Rowland, wanda ya koma gidan Knowles saboda matsalolin iyali, ya shiga su a cikin 1992. Asalin suna '''Girl's Tyme''', a ƙarshe an yanke su zuwa mambobi shida ciki har da Támar Davis da ƴan'uwa Nikki da Nina Taylor. <ref name="People">{{Cite web |title=Beyoncé Knowles: Biography |url=http://www.people.com/people/beyonce_knowles/biography |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426055053/http://www.people.com/people/beyonce_knowles/biography |archive-date=April 26, 2007 |access-date=April 13, 2008 |website=People}}</ref> Tare da Knowles da Rowland, Girl's Tyme ya ja hankalin al'umma baki ɗaya: <ref name="E!" /> mai gabatar da R&B na gabas Arne Frager ya tashi zuwa Houston don ganin su. Ya kawo su ɗakin staterio, rakodin rikodin shuka a arewacin California, tare da mai da hankali kan abubuwan da aka sani game da maganganun da ke tunanin tana da halaye da ikon raira waƙa. <ref name="E!" /> Tare da ƙoƙarin shiga Girl's Tyme zuwa babban yarjejeniyar rikodi, dabarun Frager shine ya fara farawa da ƙungiyar a cikin ''Tauraron Bincike'', babban wasan gwaninta a gidan talabijin na kasa a lokacin. <ref name="E!" /> Sai dai sun yi rashin nasara a gasar, saboda a cewar Knowles, zabin da suka yi na waka bai dace ba; a zahiri sun kasance suna raye-raye maimakon waƙa. <ref name="Kaufman" /> Saboda rashin nasara da kungiyar ta yi, mahaifin Knowles, Mathew, ya sadaukar da lokacinsa da son rai don gudanar da su. <ref name="VH1Driven">{{Cite web |title=Driven: Beyonce Knowles |url=http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/driven/65240/episode_about.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030820042751/http://www.vh1.com/shows/dyn/driven/65240/episode_about.jhtml |archive-date=August 20, 2003 |access-date=May 22, 2008 |website=VH1 |publisher=MTV Networks}}</ref> Ya yanke shawarar yanke asali na asali zuwa hudu, tare da cire Davis da 'yan'uwan Taylor da kuma hada da LeToya Luckett a cikin 1993. <ref name="E!" /> Baya ga zama a cocin su da ke Houston, Girl's Tyme ta yi aiki a bayan gidajensu da kuma a Gidan Salon Headliners, mallakin mahaifiyar Knowles, Tina. Ƙungiyar za ta gwada al'amuran yau da kullum a cikin salon, lokacin da yake kan Montrose Boulevard a Houston, kuma wani lokacin yana karɓar shawarwari daga abokan ciniki. Mutanen da ke ciki za su soki gwajin nasu. A lokacin da suke makaranta, Girl's Tyme ta yi wasan kwaikwayo na gida. Lokacin bazara ya zo, Mathew Knowles ya kafa "sansanin taya" don horar da su a cikin raye-raye da darussan murya. Bayan horo mai tsauri, sun fara aiki azaman buɗe ayyukan don ƙungiyoyin R&amp;amp;B da aka kafa na wancan lokacin kamar su SWV, Dru Hill da Immature . <ref name="Kaufman" /> Tina Knowles ta tsara suturar matakin rukuni. <ref name="DunnDate" /> 81fsf43upy8igpshyzgkjhz9m2g0alo 0 88239 547547 2024-11-28T15:16:34Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1255244406|Hammamet International Festival]]" 547547 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisie_Festival_international_Hammamet.jpg|thumb| Hammamet International Festival]] '''Hammamet International Festival''' biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gabar teku a ƙasar Tunisiya. An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet. Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi, wanda ke gudanarwa da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamel Ferjani: Gloria Gaynor et Cheb Mami programmés exclusivement au festival d'Hammamet |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804045549/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |archive-date=4 August 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |publisher=Mosaiquefm.net |language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, [[Tina Arena]], Anouar Brahem, [[Raouf Ben Yaghlane]], [[Leila Hjaiej]] da ƙungiyar rap na Faransa [[IAM4]] sun bayyana. == Manazarta == tcunx74tjqzx73fx9h1743x3c0jolqt 547548 547547 2024-11-28T15:18:10Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547548 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisie_Festival_international_Hammamet.jpg|thumb| Hammamet International Festival]] '''Hammamet International Festival''' biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gabar teku a ƙasar [[Tunisiya]].<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet.<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi, wanda ke gudanarwa da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamel Ferjani: Gloria Gaynor et Cheb Mami programmés exclusivement au festival d'Hammamet |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804045549/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |archive-date=4 August 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |publisher=Mosaiquefm.net |language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, [[Tina Arena]], Anouar Brahem, [[Raouf Ben Yaghlane]], [[Leila Hjaiej]] da ƙungiyar rap na Faransa [[IAM4]] sun bayyana. == Manazarta == qfegy6ettmkl5h4xgmv3n0xfeaihw7s 547550 547548 2024-11-28T15:33:26Z Teema first lady 32446 547550 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisie_Festival_international_Hammamet.jpg|thumb| Hammamet International Festival]] '''Hammamet International Festival''' biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gaba da teku a ƙasar [[Tunisiya]].<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet.<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi, wanda ke gudanarwa da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamel Ferjani: Gloria Gaynor et Cheb Mami programmés exclusivement au festival d'Hammamet |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804045549/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |archive-date=4 August 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |publisher=Mosaiquefm.net |language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, [[Tina Arena]], Anouar Brahem, [[Raouf Ben Yaghlane]], [[Leila Hjaiej]] da ƙungiyar rap na Faransa [[IAM4]] sun bayyana. == Manazarta == 3bt0t9bs76bi3oj7em6b7uli1cx05jl 547553 547550 2024-11-28T15:38:46Z Teema first lady 32446 547553 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisie_Festival_international_Hammamet.jpg|thumb| Hammamet International Festival]] '''Hammamet International Festival''' biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gaba da teku a ƙasar [[Tunisiya]].<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet.<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi, wanda ke gudanarwa da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamel Ferjani: Gloria Gaynor et Cheb Mami programmés exclusivement au festival d'Hammamet |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804045549/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |archive-date=4 August 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |publisher=Mosaiquefm.net |language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, [[Tina Arena]], Anouar iBrahem, [[Raouf Ben Yaghlane]], [[Leila Hjaiej]] da ƙungiyar rap na Farasa [[IAM4]] sun bayyana. == Manazarta == gcgp5dqaah3xlgeznkjy9lhb6732lgk 547819 547553 2024-11-28T21:11:19Z Tafoki5252 30926 547819 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tunisie_Festival_international_Hammamet.jpg|thumb| Hammamet International Festival]] '''Hammamet International Festival''' biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe da fasaha na shekara-shekara a birnin Hammamet da ke gaba da teku a ƙasar [[Tunisiya]].<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> An kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1964 kuma ana gudanar da shi a watan Yuli da Agusta a cikin filin wasan amphitheater mai kujeru 1000 da ke kallon Tekun Hammamet.<ref name="WheelerClammer2010">{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Donna|last2=Clammer|first2=Paul|last3=Filou|first3=Emilie|title=Tunisia|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74179-001-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741790016/page/284 284]}}</ref> Ma'aikatar Al'adu ce ta shirya shi wannan bikin na shekar shrkara, wanda ke gudana da kuma naɗa darekta. Tun daga shekarar 2014, Cibiyar da bikin suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kamel Ferjani.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kamel Ferjani: Gloria Gaynor et Cheb Mami programmés exclusivement au festival d'Hammamet |url=http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804045549/http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/38924-kamel-ferjani-gloria-gaynor-et-cheb-mami-programmes-exclusivement-au-festival-d-hammamet |archive-date=4 August 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |publisher=Mosaiquefm.net |language=French}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 1980s, Ute Lemper, Mikis Theodorakis, Miriam Makeba sun bayyana, kuma kwanan nan, Victoria Abril, Emir Kusturica, [[Tina Arena]], Anouar iBrahem, [[Raouf Ben Yaghlane]], [[Leila Hjaiej]] da ƙungiyar rap na Farasa [[IAM4]] sun bayyana. == Manazarta == fs1ewn541ny4d6bsohu7q22esg3nuww 0 88240 547549 2024-11-28T15:29:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 547549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Glacier Machoi''' yana da tsawon kilomita 9<ref>Machoi glacier" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2012.</ref> a cikin yankin Himalayan a Jammu da Kashmir da Ladakh, Indiya. == Tarihin kasa == Tana da nisan kilomita 30 yamma daga Drass, Ladakh, Indiya da kilomita 8 gabas daga Sonamarg a gefen kudu na NH 1D a Zojila. Yana kwance a matsakaicin tsayin mita 4800. Mafi girman kololuwa mai suna bayan glacier shine Machoi Peak wanda ke gefen gabas na glacier, a tsayin mita 5458. Dusar kankara ita ce tushen kogin Sind wanda ke gudana zuwa yamma, da kogin Dras wanda ke gudana zuwa gabas<ref>"Jammu Kashmir Geography Rivers". mapsofindia.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.</ref>. Machoi, like many other Himalayan glaciers has been melting at alarming rates due to Global warming.<ref>"Himalayan glaciers melting". rediff.com. Archived from the original on 4 January 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.</ref> == Manazarta == igpb6iiro29foj1gkxogv3vqzi08owp 0 88241 547551 2024-11-28T15:38:04Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1157990203|Haserich]]" 547551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) rkeybo98qhfoudj8gbac2j883bhi48j 547552 547551 2024-11-28T15:38:37Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{databox}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) c8dvounjdmtmzv0vlplrik75bn713q7 547554 547552 2024-11-28T15:39:15Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{databox}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) 78kj687c7m7fhb99mb5a3qm2w4jgt0m 547555 547554 2024-11-28T15:39:59Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{databox}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa shekara ta 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) f35amnxoirma5nbpbcihrm3b9218x5y 547557 547555 2024-11-28T15:40:24Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{databox}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa shekara ta 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaɓa ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) 73je9i4j60g3ge36a5nl9tojw27p60t 547558 547557 2024-11-28T15:40:50Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{databox}} [[Fayil:Haserich01.jpg|thumb|Cibiyar al'umma da ɗakin sujada a tsakiyar Haserich]] '''Haserich''' wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Hunsrück a cikin kwarin da ya nutse na Flaumbach kusa da Bundesstraße 421. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1504, Haserich ya sami ambaton rubuce-rubuce na farko. A ranar 20 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1690, a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Tara (wanda aka sani a Jamus da ''Pfälzischer Erbfolgekrieg'', ko War of the Palatine Succession), sojojin Faransa sun kwace Haserich, kuma an ƙone shi. Counts na Sponheim sun rike ikon kotun a cikin ''Hasericher Pflege'' (kimanin "Haserich haɓaka") har zuwa shekara ta 1788. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Haserich ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwkQ">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaɓa ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaɓen birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban.{{Wide image|Haserich02.jpg|900px|View from the west}} == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Chapel na Saint Michael (''Kapelle St. Michael'') - Coci da ba shi da iyaka, 1932 * Hauptstraße 7 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi); ginin katako, wani ɓangare mai ƙarfi, karni na 17 ko 18, yana ɗauke da shekara ta 1784 (sabuntawa) == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.haserich.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) i852td4poc3ikiek5shml20lsflb5m9 0 88242 547556 2024-11-28T15:40:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 547556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na HIV/AIDS a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == k4eem6wm0vwzovfyner28c3x55hl31v 547560 547556 2024-11-28T15:42:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 547560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na HIV/AIDS a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == 1j5cchhipz4nxr5eqocp48q01i6x7jt 547816 547560 2024-11-28T21:09:29Z Tafoki5252 30926 547816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na HIV/AIDS a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == 6vg030sbtrojtrzbchd954p4anfurkf 548305 547816 2024-11-29T11:33:53Z Nnamadee 31123 548305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == a7j42iio23d20k4df3jh0tj671qlfja 548307 548305 2024-11-29T11:34:27Z Nnamadee 31123 548307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == ga5e6gauz0dhufxmk7a035wf6xbkwoi 548308 548307 2024-11-29T11:35:15Z Nnamadee 31123 548308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS (kanjamau) a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS, don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == kpd6qxalwreby7qy5njpthvq1i8uogy 548310 548308 2024-11-29T11:35:56Z Nnamadee 31123 548310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS (kanjamau) a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS (kanjamau), don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == cipsccn45fhb9lzcb1k28ffkv5atkzq 548311 548310 2024-11-29T11:36:26Z Nnamadee 31123 548311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS (kanjamau) a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS (kanjamau), don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin shekarar 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == o6d4mqwooh0l0xk1ddfontvmv0inz0c 548312 548311 2024-11-29T11:37:30Z Nnamadee 31123 548312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cahr logo.JPG|thumb|Logon Cahr]] '''Ƙungiyar Kanada don Binciken HIV''' (CAHR) ƙungiya ce da ke wakiltar bincike na cutar HIV/AIDS (kanjamau) a Kanada ko ta mutanen Kanada. CAHR ta haɗa da duk masu bincike da dukkan nau'o'in hanyoyin kimiyya game da cutar HIV da AIDS (kanjamau), don manufar rigakafinta mafi kyau da magani kuma a ƙarshe don kawar da shi da magani. Ladabi da CAHR ke wakilta sun haɗa da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, ilimin cututtuka / lafiyar jama'a da kimiyyar zamantakewa.<ref>Home". cahr-acrv.ca</ref> Kimanin mutanen Kanada 65,000 suna rayuwa tare da kamuwa da cutar HIV (ciki har da AIDS) a cikin shekarar 2008.<ref>"HIV and AIDS: Symptoms and treatment". 2 November 2020.</ref> Bincike a fannin cutar kanjamau yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen yakar cutar, saboda ana samun sabbin cututtuka kusan 2,300 zuwa 4,300 a kowace shekara a kasar ta Kanada.<ref>"Dr Jonathan Angel, President, Canadian Association for HIV Research « Research Media – Europe Research & Scientific Dissemination". www.research-europe.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</ref> == Ƙudiri == Manufar CAHR ita ce inganta ingantaccen bincike a kan HIV; haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomin bincike na HIV, gami da kimiyya na asali, kimiyyar asibiti, cututtukan cututtukan cuta & lafiyar jama'a, da kimiyyar zamantakewa; inganta ilimi da haɓaka sababbin masu bincike; da kuma samar da murya guda ɗaya ga masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau na Kanada da kuma haɗar da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban (al'umma, masana'antu, gwamnati, ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da dai sauransu) a cikin tattaunawa mai gudana da musayar ilimi don tabbatar da cewa binciken cutar HIV ya ci gaba da biyan bukatunsu.<ref>"Collaboration and advocacy : The Canadian Association for HIV Research : The first 15 years - NLM Catalog - NCBI"</ref> == Majalisa == Majalisar CAHR ta kasu kashi biyu: Majalisar Zartarwa da Membobin Majalisa. Shugaban kasa, tsohon shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa, ma'aji da babban darakta. Membobin majalisar sun haɗa da sakataren CAHR da wakilai daga al'umma, kimiyyar zamantakewa, kimiyyar asali, asibiti da annoba & lafiyar jama'a. Shugaban CAHR na yanzu shine Dr. Jonathan Angel. Shugabannin da suka gabata sun hada da Martin Schechter, Catherine Hankins, Mark Wainberg, Michael O'Shaughnessy, Michel Alary, Ken Rosenthal, Liviana Calzavara, Ted Myers da William Cameron. == Taron Kanada kan HIV/AIDS == Babban taron CAHR shine taron Kanada na shekara-shekara kan HIV/AIDS. Wannan taro shi ne wurin da masu bincike kan cutar kanjamau a Kanada ke gabatar da sakamakon ayyukansu tare da yin ayyukan musayar ilimi tare da takwarorinsu da kuma masu bincike a wasu fannoni da kuma al'ummar HIV/AIDS. Taron yawanci yana farawa ne da lacca mai suna Mark Wainberg, jagora a Binciken Kanjamau na Kanada. Malamin shekarar 2011 Mark Wainberg shine James Orbinski.<ref>"Red Ribbon Award"</ref> Ana gudanar da taron kowace bazara kuma wurin ya bambanta kowace shekara<ref>"CAHR 2012 - 21st Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - April 19-22, Montreal, Canada". Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2012-06-27.</ref>. == Manazarta == auscezy3pvjzw507m2ph1f54akize1k 0 88243 547561 2024-11-28T15:43:29Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1158002010|Tellig]]" 547561 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7xmdiq4equnzzt7lo6youp56rup5zkf 547562 547561 2024-11-28T15:43:55Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata karamar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} igjiatt744tktrkeumqtk33viaq3isa 547563 547562 2024-11-28T15:44:29Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} qfmphj6iowtwsbz7vkvhl75r8jrm6zz 547564 547563 2024-11-28T15:45:04Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A karkashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 4is6tdi7p03lh7l8cpywp66i7xutvxy 547565 547564 2024-11-28T15:45:17Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A ƙarƙashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} g5rsldp5yvs37rm3tabxlnqtotffp3r 547566 547565 2024-11-28T15:45:40Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A ƙarƙashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar ƙuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 3dhrk8dy6r9vxmkndq8zg42otdznzbp 547567 547566 2024-11-28T15:46:16Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A ƙarƙashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar ƙuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama a shekara ta 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin kasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin kasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 3w6cq7hfli0flxdqm2u5jed3yvjw7kn 547568 547567 2024-11-28T15:46:38Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 547568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tellig01.jpg|right|thumb|380x380px|Tellig da aka gani daga kudu]] '''Tellig''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwew">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin Zell an der Mosel . == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin arewacin Hunsrück kimanin kilomita 5 daga kogin Moselle, kusa da Bundesstraße 421.&nbsp; == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1275, Tellig ya fara ambaton rubuce-rubuce a matsayin ''Tellich'' . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Tellig ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . A ma'adinin ''Theodor bei Tellig'' a farkon karni na 20, an yi aiki da ma'adanai na gubar da [[zinc]]. Ginin Althaus kusa da Tellig an gina shi ne a cikin shekara ta 1937 ta ''Reichsarbeitsdienst'' (RAD). Tun daga shekara ta 1946, Tellig ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. A ƙarƙashin Verwaltungsvereinfachungsgesetz ("Dokar Sauƙaƙe Gudanarwa") na 18 ga Yulin 1970, tare da tasiri daga 7 ga Nuwamba 1970, an haɗa karamar hukumar cikin <nowiki><i id="mwlA">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Zell . == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar ƙuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yunin shekara ta 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugabar. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Tellig shine Sabine Liesegang-Zirwes, kuma mataimakanta sune Christof Daubner da Ralf Dillenburger . === Alamar makamai === Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Vert wani fess countercomony na goma gules da argent tsakanin, a cikin shugaban, Papal Tiara da mitre da aka sanya hannu tare da gicciye a fess, kuma mai ba da izini daga tushe zaki mai tsayi da aka yi kambi, duk Or == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Cornelius da Saint Cyprian (Kirche St. Cornelius und Cyprianus), Hauptstraße 16 - cocin zauren Gothic Revival guda uku, 1862-1865, masanin gine-gine Vincenz Statz, [[Köln|Cologne]]; campanile, 1933; duk wani hadaddun tare da rectory da barn * Hauptstraße - maɓuɓɓugar basalt, alama a shekara ta 1720 * A Hauptstraße 16 - shagon Ikklisiya; gini mai laushi tare da windows, karni na 15, bangon gwiwoyi na katako, ƙofar da aka yi alama 1706; duk rikitarwa tare da coci da rectory * Hauptstraße 17 - tsohon rectory; gini mai laushi, tsakiyar karni na 19; duk wani hadaddun tare da coci da shago == Tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa == === Sufuri === Tellig yana kudu da Bundesstraße 421 wanda za'a iya isa garin Zell, wanda ke kwance kusan kilomita 10, da kuma tashar jirgin ƙasa ta ''Bullay (DB) '' a kan layin jirgin ƙasa na Koblenz-Trier, kilomita 15.&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} oa9yjm8j54wsz8qlt3jzzna1rlvkxsx 0 88244 547569 2024-11-28T15:49:09Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1226888001|International Festival of the Sahara]]" 547569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin ƙasa da ƙasa na Sahara''' biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a birnin Douz [[Tunisiya|na ƙasar Tunisiya]]. == Tarihi == Bikin, wanda ake kira ''bikin Raƙumi'', ya fara ne a shekara ta 1910 lokacin da [[Tunisiya]] ke ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Faransa]]. A cikin shekarar 1967 ta ɗauki matsayinta na zamani bisa ga nufin Habib Bourguiba, shugaban Tunisiya na farko na sabuwar jamhuriya, ya zama bikin mafi daɗewa kuma mafi shahara a ƙasar. M'hammed Marzougui, wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don faɗakar da mutane da kuma jin daɗin rayuwar makiyaya da al'adun gargajiya, shi ne ya fi ɗaukar nauyin kafa bikin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a kowace shekara a ƙarshen watan Disamba na tsawon kwanaki huɗu, dubban mutane, galibi daga ko'ina cikin Tunisiya da sauran ƙasashen Maghrebien, ke yin tururuwa zuwa Douz. == Biki == Bayan bikin buɗe taron, manyan abubuwan sun faru ne a filin wasa na H'naiech da ke gaban hamada da ke kewaye da tantunan Bedouin. Marathon [[raƙumi]], ''fantasia'' - dawakan Larabawa masu ƙwanƙwasa mahaya masu tsoro, auren Badawiyya, karnukan farautar hamada na ''sloughi'' - kama zomaye sune manyan abubuwan. Da yamma, ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen da suka ziyarta suna yin waƙoƙi da raye-raye. Babban taron shine gasar waƙar da mawaƙin hamada [[Abdellatif Belgacem]] ke gudanarwa. Bikin ya zama muhimmin taron yaɗa labarai da yawon bude ido da masu ɗaukar hoto da 'yan jarida daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka biyo baya. == Manazarta == de25pixtq51es84cxr31fo90pv3wbtr 547570 547569 2024-11-28T15:50:46Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Tarihi */ 547570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin ƙasa da ƙasa na Sahara''' biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a birnin Douz [[Tunisiya|na ƙasar Tunisiya]]. == Tarihi == Bikin, wanda ake kira ''bikin Raƙumi'', ya fara ne a shekara ta 1910 lokacin da [[Tunisiya]] ke ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Faransa]]. A cikin shekarar 1967 ta ɗauki matsayinta na zamani bisa ga nufin Habib Bourguiba, shugaban Tunisiya na farko na sabuwar jamhuriya, ya zama bikin mafi daɗewa kuma mafi shahara a ƙasar. M'hammed Marzougui, wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don faɗakar da mutane da kuma jin daɗin rayuwar makiyaya da al'adun gargajiya, shi ne ya fi ɗaukar nauyin kafa bikin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a kowace shekara a ƙarshen watan Disamba na tsawon kwanaki huɗu, dubban mutane, galibi daga ko'ina cikin Tunisiya da sauran ƙasashen Maghrebien, ke yin tururuwa zuwa Douz.<ref>[http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn Official Website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124201841/http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn/ |date=2010-01-24 }}</ref> == Biki == Bayan bikin buɗe taron, manyan abubuwan sun faru ne a filin wasa na H'naiech da ke gaban hamada da ke kewaye da tantunan Bedouin. Marathon [[raƙumi]], ''fantasia'' - dawakan Larabawa masu ƙwanƙwasa mahaya masu tsoro, auren Badawiyya, karnukan farautar hamada na ''sloughi'' - kama zomaye sune manyan abubuwan. Da yamma, ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen da suka ziyarta suna yin waƙoƙi da raye-raye. Babban taron shine gasar waƙar da mawaƙin hamada [[Abdellatif Belgacem]] ke gudanarwa. Bikin ya zama muhimmin taron yaɗa labarai da yawon bude ido da masu ɗaukar hoto da 'yan jarida daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka biyo baya. == Manazarta == 32z9ytc47rp6mgj9vatj97ygngyc7pp 547571 547570 2024-11-28T15:53:27Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Biki */ 547571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin ƙasa da ƙasa na Sahara''' biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a birnin Douz [[Tunisiya|na ƙasar Tunisiya]]. == Tarihi == Bikin, wanda ake kira ''bikin Raƙumi'', ya fara ne a shekara ta 1910 lokacin da [[Tunisiya]] ke ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Faransa]]. A cikin shekarar 1967 ta ɗauki matsayinta na zamani bisa ga nufin Habib Bourguiba, shugaban Tunisiya na farko na sabuwar jamhuriya, ya zama bikin mafi daɗewa kuma mafi shahara a ƙasar. M'hammed Marzougui, wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don faɗakar da mutane da kuma jin daɗin rayuwar makiyaya da al'adun gargajiya, shi ne ya fi ɗaukar nauyin kafa bikin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a kowace shekara a ƙarshen watan Disamba na tsawon kwanaki huɗu, dubban mutane, galibi daga ko'ina cikin Tunisiya da sauran ƙasashen Maghrebien, ke yin tururuwa zuwa Douz.<ref>[http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn Official Website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124201841/http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn/ |date=2010-01-24 }}</ref> == Biki == Bayan bikin buɗe taron, manyan abubuwan sun faru ne a filin wasa na H'naiech da ke gaban hamada da ke kewaye da tantunan Bedouin. Marathon [[raƙumi]], ''fantasia'' - dawakan Larabawa masu ƙwanƙwasa mahaya masu tsoro, auren Badawiyya, karnukan farautar hamada na ''sloughi'' - kama zomaye sune manyan abubuwan.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> Da yamma, ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen da suka ziyarta suna yin waƙoƙi da raye-raye. Babban taron shine gasar waƙar da mawaƙin hamada [[Abdellatif Belgacem]] ke gudanarwa.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> Bikin ya zama muhimmin taron yaɗa labarai da yawon bude ido da masu ɗaukar hoto da 'yan jarida daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka biyo baya.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> == Manazarta == aeh6dy6jg5mf88sq1qrdmkv13hbpqko 547572 547571 2024-11-28T15:54:01Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin ƙasa da ƙasa na Sahara''' biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a birnin Douz [[Tunisiya|na ƙasar Tunisiya]]. == Tarihi == Bikin, wanda ake kira ''bikin Raƙumi'', ya fara ne a shekara ta 1910 lokacin da [[Tunisiya]] ke ƙarƙashin mulkin [[Faransa]]. A cikin shekarar 1967 ta ɗauki matsayinta na zamani bisa ga nufin Habib Bourguiba, shugaban Tunisiya na farko na sabuwar jamhuriya, ya zama bikin mafi daɗewa kuma mafi shahara a ƙasar. M'hammed Marzougui, wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa don faɗakar da mutane da kuma jin daɗin rayuwar makiyaya da al'adun gargajiya, shi ne ya fi ɗaukar nauyin kafa bikin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a kowace shekara a ƙarshen watan Disamba na tsawon kwanaki huɗu, dubban mutane, galibi daga ko'ina cikin Tunisiya da sauran ƙasashen Maghrebien, ke yin tururuwa zuwa Douz.<ref>[http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn Official Website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124201841/http://www.festivaldouz.org.tn/ |date=2010-01-24 }}</ref> == Biki == Bayan bikin buɗe taron, manyan abubuwan sun faru ne a filin wasa na H'naiech da ke gaban hamada da ke kewaye da tantunan Bedouin. Marathon [[raƙumi]], ''fantasia'' - dawakan Larabawa masu ƙwanƙwasa mahaya masu tsoro, auren Badawiyya, karnukan farautar hamada na ''sloughi'' - kama zomaye sune manyan abubuwan.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> Da yamma, ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen da suka ziyarta suna yin waƙoƙi da raye-raye. Babban taron shine gasar waƙar da mawaƙin hamada [[Abdellatif Belgacem]] ke gudanarwa.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> Bikin ya zama muhimmin taron yaɗa labarai da yawon bude ido da masu ɗaukar hoto da 'yan jarida daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka biyo baya.<ref>[http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php Festival of the Sahara in Douz: Tunisia's Legendary Event] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719230952/http://www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/middle_east_and_north_africa/tunisia_and_libya/sahara_festival.php |date=2008-07-19 }}, pilotguides.com, Anabelle Martelli</ref><ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html Event der Woche 49: Sahara Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718230629/http://www.dieweltruft.de/event-der-woche/475-event-der-woche-49-sahara-festival.html |date=2011-07-18 }}</ref> == Manazarta == bh8anx59snhvm8p953hqc3i7gqn6cm9 0 88245 547573 2024-11-28T15:56:39Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 547573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Fim din File Under Miscellaneous''' ɗan gajeren fim ne na Kanada na 2010, wanda Jeff Barnaby ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, gyara, kuma ya haɗa shi.[1] Fim ɗin almara na kimiyyar dystopian, yana tauraro Glen Gould a matsayin mutumin Mi'kmaq wanda ya gaji da fuskantar wariyar launin fata na anti-First Nations, kuma an yi masa tiyata mai ban tsoro don zama fari.<ref>"Short Film, Short Review: FILE UNDER MISCELLANEOUS". Screen Anarchy, September 9, 2010</ref> Fim ɗin da aka fara a 2010 Toronto International Film Festival,<ref>"Little films big on style". Toronto Sun, September 8, 2010.</ref> kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta Genie Award for Best Live Action Short Drama a 31st Genie Awards.<ref>‘Barney’s Version,’ ‘Incendies’ top Genie noms". Variety, February 2, 2011</ref> == Manazarta == edh2iydnty03656os03779dpu5w4ith 0 88246 547574 2024-11-28T16:00:20Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1229037531|Sbeitla's Spring Festival]]" 547574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Sbeitla's Spring International Festival''' (Larabci: '''''مهرجان ربيع سبيطلة الدولي''''' ), biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Sbeitla, [[Tunisiya]], tun shekara ta 2000. Abubuwan da suka faru suna faruwa ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na zamanin [[Romawa a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara|Romawa]] na Sbeitla kuma bikin ya ƙunshi kayatattun wasannin gargajiya da kasidu daga [[Tunisiya]], da ƙasashen [[Larabawa]] da [[Turai]]. <ref name="follaproperties">{{Cite web |date=29 March 2010 |title=News: Sbeitla International spring Festival to honor Iraqi artists |url=http://ne.follaproperties.com/vastgoed-news/news-details.php?id=367&page=17 |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=Folla Properties}}</ref> <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2007 |title=Tunisia: 7th Edition of "Sufetula Spring Festival" Pays Tribute to Tunisia 'S Rich Byzantine History |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703220640.html |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 Faransanci-language sources (fr)]] ferogz90bavt2dovwe651gjlbvhx9nm 547575 547574 2024-11-28T16:02:52Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin Sbeitla's Spring International Festival''' (Larabci: '''''مهرجان ربيع سبيطلة الدولي''''' ), biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Sbeitla, [[Tunisiya]], tun shekara ta 2000.<ref name="follaproperties">{{cite web|url=http://ne.follaproperties.com/vastgoed-news/news-details.php?id=367&page=17|title=News: Sbeitla International spring Festival to honor Iraqi artists|date=29 March 2010|publisher=Folla Properties|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.printemps-sbeitla.com/ Official website of the festival.]</ref><ref name="allafrica">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703220640.html|title=Tunisia: 7th Edition of "Sufetula Spring Festival" Pays Tribute to Tunisia 'S Rich Byzantine History|date=17 March 2007|publisher=AllAfrica.com|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka faru suna faruwa ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na zamanin [[Romawa a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara|Romawa]] na Sbeitla kuma bikin ya ƙunshi kayatattun wasannin gargajiya da kasidu daga [[Tunisiya]], da ƙasashen [[Larabawa]] da [[Turai]]. <ref name="follaproperties">{{Cite web |date=29 March 2010 |title=News: Sbeitla International spring Festival to honor Iraqi artists |url=http://ne.follaproperties.com/vastgoed-news/news-details.php?id=367&page=17 |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=Folla Properties}}</ref> <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2007 |title=Tunisia: 7th Edition of "Sufetula Spring Festival" Pays Tribute to Tunisia 'S Rich Byzantine History |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703220640.html |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 Faransanci-language sources (fr)]] hickuuagm9o5jvrwzef05z6d4qos2s2 547576 547575 2024-11-28T16:03:35Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin Sbeitla's Spring International Festival''' (Larabci: '''''مهرجان ربيع سبيطلة الدولي''''' ), biki ne na shekara-shekara da ake gudanarwa a Sbeitla, [[Tunisiya]], tun shekara ta 2000.<ref name="follaproperties">{{cite web|url=http://ne.follaproperties.com/vastgoed-news/news-details.php?id=367&page=17|title=News: Sbeitla International spring Festival to honor Iraqi artists|date=29 March 2010|publisher=Folla Properties|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.printemps-sbeitla.com/ Official website of the festival.]</ref><ref name="allafrica">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703220640.html|title=Tunisia: 7th Edition of "Sufetula Spring Festival" Pays Tribute to Tunisia 'S Rich Byzantine History|date=17 March 2007|publisher=AllAfrica.com|accessdate=7 June 2014}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka faru suna faruwa ne a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na zamanin [[Romawa a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara|Romawa]] na Sbeitla kuma bikin ya ƙunshi kayatattun wasannin gargajiya da kasidu daga [[Tunisiya]], da ƙasashen [[Larabawa]] da [[Turai]]. <ref name="follaproperties">{{Cite web |date=29 March 2010 |title=News: Sbeitla International spring Festival to honor Iraqi artists |url=http://ne.follaproperties.com/vastgoed-news/news-details.php?id=367&page=17 |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=Folla Properties}}</ref> <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2007 |title=Tunisia: 7th Edition of "Sufetula Spring Festival" Pays Tribute to Tunisia 'S Rich Byzantine History |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200703220640.html |access-date=7 June 2014 |publisher=AllAfrica.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:CS1 Faransanci-language sources (fr)]] i15samki14kubi9kh3havdg72knr734 0 88247 547577 2024-11-28T16:06:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 547577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bernadette Swinnerton''' tsohon ɗan tseren keke ne na Ingilishi. Ta zo na biyu a tseren titin World Championship na 1969 a Czechoslovakia, 1m 10s bayan Audrey McElmury.<ref>"Ken's Bike Shop: Audrey McElmury: The First American to Win the World Road Cycling Championship". Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2011.</ref> == Hawan Keke == Baya ga lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI Road a shekarar 1969 ta lashe gasar tseren guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Burtaniya hudu a gasar tsere. Ta kuma kasance zakaran tseren ciyawa na kasa a 1968, 1970, 1971. == Ahali == An haifi Bernardette Swinnerton a Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent a lokacin 1951, ɗan fari a cikin yara bakwai. Iyalin Swinnerton dangin keke ne, Swinnerton Cycles an kafa shi a cikin 1915, a Victoria Road, Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent. Roy Swinnerton (1925-2013 kuma zakaran ciyawa na kasa a 1956) da matarsa Doris (née Salt) sun karbi shagon a shekarar 1956 kuma suka kafa kungiyar wasan keke mai suna Stoke ACCS a lokacin 1970.<ref>ABOUT US". Swinnerton cycles</ref> Brotheran uwan Bernadette Paul ya kasance zakaran tseren Burtaniya sau uku, 'yar uwarta Catherine ta kasance zakaran tseren kan titin Burtaniya sau biyu, Margaret, Mark da Bernard duk 'yan wasan Burtaniya ne kuma Frances kuma ta yi takara a kulob din.<ref>ABOUT US". Swinnerton cycles</ref> == Aiki == Bernardette Swinnerton ta yi ritaya bayan shekaru 40 na koyarwa, inda ta shafe shekaru 17 na ƙarshe na aikinta a matsayin shugabar makaranta a Blythe Bridge, Stoke-on-Trent. Tana da ‘ya’ya 3 da jikoki 4. 7c2iuu5f49dnb28v5v09gmu24eycw3u 547578 547577 2024-11-28T16:07:26Z Pharouqenr 25549 547578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bernadette Swinnerton''' tsohon ɗan tseren keke ne na Ingilishi. Ta zo na biyu a tseren titin World Championship na 1969 a Czechoslovakia, 1m 10s bayan Audrey McElmury.<ref>"Ken's Bike Shop: Audrey McElmury: The First American to Win the World Road Cycling Championship". Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2011.</ref> == Hawan Keke == Baya ga lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI Road a shekarar 1969 ta lashe gasar tseren guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Burtaniya hudu a gasar tsere. Ta kuma kasance zakaran tseren ciyawa na kasa a 1968, 1970, 1971. == Ahali == An haifi Bernardette Swinnerton a Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent a lokacin 1951, ɗan fari a cikin yara bakwai. Iyalin Swinnerton dangin keke ne, Swinnerton Cycles an kafa shi a cikin 1915, a Victoria Road, Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent. Roy Swinnerton (1925-2013 kuma zakaran ciyawa na kasa a 1956) da matarsa Doris (née Salt) sun karbi shagon a shekarar 1956 kuma suka kafa kungiyar wasan keke mai suna Stoke ACCS a lokacin 1970.<ref>ABOUT US". Swinnerton cycles</ref> Brotheran uwan Bernadette Paul ya kasance zakaran tseren Burtaniya sau uku, 'yar uwarta Catherine ta kasance zakaran tseren kan titin Burtaniya sau biyu, Margaret, Mark da Bernard duk 'yan wasan Burtaniya ne kuma Frances kuma ta yi takara a kulob din.<ref>ABOUT US". Swinnerton cycles</ref> == Aiki == Bernardette Swinnerton ta yi ritaya bayan shekaru 40 na koyarwa, inda ta shafe shekaru 17 na ƙarshe na aikinta a matsayin shugabar makaranta a Blythe Bridge, Stoke-on-Trent. Tana da ‘ya’ya 3 da jikoki 4. == Manazarta == ogx4p7unspfp2q52wwfvfuyq3jncgmh 0 88248 547579 2024-11-28T16:34:56Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1225545868|Carthage Theatre Festival]]" 547579 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Carthage Theater Days''' ko '''Journées Théâtrales de Carthage''' ("Carthage Theater days") bikin wasan kwaikwayo ne wanda gwamnatin [[Tunisiya]] ta shirya wanda aka fara a shekarar 1983. Da yake faruwa a kowace shekara biyu, wannan bikin wasan kwaikwayo ya canza tare da bikin Fim na Carthage. == Manazarta == jfp4o61nktz25dylcue6zvpbvs9ladg 547580 547579 2024-11-28T16:36:44Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547580 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Carthage Theater Days''' ko '''Journées Théâtrales de Carthage''' ("Carthage Theater days")<ref>[http://blogs.cornell.edu/mideastlibrarian/2012/01/18/journees-theatrales-de-carthage-jtc-%e2%80%93-tunisias-carthage-theatre-days/ "Journées théâtrales de Carthage (JTC) – Tunisia’s Carthage Theatre Days)"], Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection Blog, Cornell University.</ref> bikin wasan kwaikwayo ne wanda gwamnatin [[Tunisiya]] ta shirya wanda aka fara a shekarar 1983.<ref>[http://tickettunisia.com/culture?start=7 "Major events...The Carthage Theatre Festival"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430150412/http://tickettunisia.com/culture?start=7 |date=April 30, 2011 }}, Ticket Tunisia.</ref> Da yake faruwa a kowace shekara biyu, wannan bikin wasan kwaikwayo ya canza tare da bikin Fim na Carthage. == Manazarta == sp9dj4jtcq0nyx1uqrwhwqmsxm7n1jz 547581 547580 2024-11-28T16:38:06Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The '''Carthage Theater Days''' ko '''Journées Théâtrales de Carthage''' ("Carthage Theater days")<ref>[http://blogs.cornell.edu/mideastlibrarian/2012/01/18/journees-theatrales-de-carthage-jtc-%e2%80%93-tunisias-carthage-theatre-days/ "Journées théâtrales de Carthage (JTC) – Tunisia’s Carthage Theatre Days)"], Middle East & Islamic Studies Collection Blog, Cornell University.</ref> bikin wasan kwaikwayo ne wanda gwamnatin [[Tunisiya]] ta shirya wanda aka fara a shekarar 1983.<ref>[http://tickettunisia.com/culture?start=7 "Major events...The Carthage Theatre Festival"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430150412/http://tickettunisia.com/culture?start=7 |date=April 30, 2011 }}, Ticket Tunisia.</ref> Da yake faruwa a kowace shekara biyu, wannan bikin wasan kwaikwayo ya canza tare da bikin Fim na Carthage. == Manazarta == k6yigib5m4v0z5kutaa5t9x4upe2jhs 0 88249 547583 2024-11-28T16:51:19Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1233561946|Imbalu]]" 547583 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mutoto3.jpg|alt=Mutoto Circumcision Site|thumb| Wurin Kaciya na Mutoto]] '''Imbalu''' bikin [[Kachiya|kaciyar]] jama'a ne da al'ummar Bamasaba na [[Uganda]] ke yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thousands throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816190935/https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |archive-date=2018-08-16 |access-date=2019-11-30 |website=Daily Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yana faruwa a wurin al'adun Mutoto (wanda ake kira Mutoto cultural ground) kusa da Mbale a gabashin [[Uganda]]. Yawanci yana aiki a cikin wata na 8 na kowace shekara. Ana kyautata zaton ƙasa ce wurin da aka yi wa Mugishu (Mumasaba) na farko kaciya. Wannan al'amari na al'umma yana da raye-raye da abinci. An inganta bikin sosai a matsayin wurin yawon buɗe ido, kuma dubun dubatar mutane ne suka halarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2016 |title=How Uganda Turned a Public Circumcision Ritual into a Tourist Attraction |url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/zn84x4/how-uganda-turned-a-public-circumcision-ritual-into-a-tourist-attraction |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=www.vice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutizwa |first=Nyasha K. |date=June 13, 2016 |title=Ugandan Imbalu circumcision ceremony attracts tourists |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/06/13/ugandan-imbalu-circumcision-ceremony-attracts-tourists/ |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=[[Africanews]]}}</ref> Imbalu shine farkon fara samar da yara maza zuwa balaga kuma a kowace shekara, ɗaruruwan yara maza masu shekaru 16 zuwa sama suna cancantar shiga Imbalu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=WHO Guides the Bagisu Community on Carrying out a Cultural Norm while observing COVID-19 Guidelines |url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/who-guides-bagisu-community-carrying-out-cultural-norm-while-observing-covid-19-guidelines |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=WHO {{!}} Regional Office for Africa |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2022, kimanin yara maza 6,000 ne suka fara zama balagaggu yayin bikin al'adu da ke faruwa kowace shekara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-12 |title=From lockdown to inflation: Imbalu goes under the knife |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/from-lockdown-to-inflation-imbalu-goes-under-the-knife--3912424 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Wannan shi ne saboda bikin bai faru ba tun a shekarar 2020 lokacin da [[Uganda]] ta kulle saboda ɓarkewar cutar ta COVID-19. <ref name=":0" /> Tsohuwar al’adar ta bayyana tare da haɗa kan al’ummar yankin Bugisu da suka haɗa da Bamasaba na gundumomin Mbale, Manafwa, Bulambuli, Sironko da Bududa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-13 |title=Hundreds throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/hundreds-throng-mutoto-cultural-ground-for-imbalu-launch-3913388 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Domin an yi imani da cewa zuriyar Masaba ne. <ref name=":1" /> == Duba kuma == * Mutane da sunan Gisu * Kaciya a Afirka * Dominica Dipio == Manazarta == CircumcisionCircumcisionCarnival of AwussuCarnival of AwussuCircumcisionCircumcisionCarnival of AwussuCarnival of AwussuCircumcisionCarnival of Awussu t2a0q32qf3t1ir68p7nnyubbhm6strq 547584 547583 2024-11-28T16:52:07Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 547584 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mutoto3.jpg|alt=Mutoto Circumcision Site|thumb| Wurin Kaciya na Mutoto]] '''Imbalu''' bikin [[Kachiya|kaciyar]] jama'a ne da al'ummar Bamasaba na [[Uganda]] ke yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thousands throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816190935/https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |archive-date=2018-08-16 |access-date=2019-11-30 |website=Daily Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yana faruwa a wurin al'adun Mutoto (wanda ake kira Mutoto cultural ground) kusa da Mbale a gabashin [[Uganda]]. Yawanci yana aiki a cikin wata na 8 na kowace shekara. Ana kyautata zaton ƙasa ce wurin da aka yi wa Mugishu (Mumasaba) na farko kaciya. Wannan al'amari na al'umma yana da raye-raye da abinci. An inganta bikin sosai a matsayin wurin yawon buɗe ido, kuma dubun dubatar mutane ne suka halarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2016 |title=How Uganda Turned a Public Circumcision Ritual into a Tourist Attraction |url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/zn84x4/how-uganda-turned-a-public-circumcision-ritual-into-a-tourist-attraction |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=www.vice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutizwa |first=Nyasha K. |date=June 13, 2016 |title=Ugandan Imbalu circumcision ceremony attracts tourists |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/06/13/ugandan-imbalu-circumcision-ceremony-attracts-tourists/ |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=[[Africanews]]}}</ref> Imbalu shine farkon fara samar da yara maza zuwa balaga kuma a kowace shekara, ɗaruruwan yara maza masu shekaru 16 zuwa sama suna cancantar shiga Imbalu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=WHO Guides the Bagisu Community on Carrying out a Cultural Norm while observing COVID-19 Guidelines |url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/who-guides-bagisu-community-carrying-out-cultural-norm-while-observing-covid-19-guidelines |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=WHO {{!}} Regional Office for Africa |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2022, kimanin yara maza 6,000 ne suka fara zama balagaggu yayin bikin al'adu da ke faruwa kowace shekara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-12 |title=From lockdown to inflation: Imbalu goes under the knife |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/from-lockdown-to-inflation-imbalu-goes-under-the-knife--3912424 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Wannan shi ne saboda bikin bai faru ba tun a shekarar 2020 lokacin da [[Uganda]] ta kulle saboda ɓarkewar cutar ta COVID-19. <ref name=":0" /> Tsohuwar al’adar ta bayyana tare da haɗa kan al’ummar yankin Bugisu da suka haɗa da Bamasaba na gundumomin Mbale, Manafwa, Bulambuli, Sironko da Bududa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-13 |title=Hundreds throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/hundreds-throng-mutoto-cultural-ground-for-imbalu-launch-3913388 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Domin an yi imani da cewa zuriyar Masaba ne. <ref name=":1" /> == Duba kuma == * Mutane da sunan Gisu * Kaciya a Afirka * Dominica Dipio == Manazarta == aqmo54qxw8yhex3anpwcyvteclegw6g 547588 547584 2024-11-28T16:54:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547588 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Mutoto3.jpg|alt=Mutoto Circumcision Site|thumb| Wurin Kaciya na Mutoto]] '''Imbalu''' bikin [[Kachiya|kaciyar]] jama'a ne da al'ummar Bamasaba na [[Uganda]] ke yi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thousands throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816190935/https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Thousands-throng-Mutoto-cultural-ground-Imbalu-launch/688334-4707810-aitdvez/index.html |archive-date=2018-08-16 |access-date=2019-11-30 |website=Daily Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yana faruwa a wurin al'adun Mutoto (wanda ake kira Mutoto cultural ground) kusa da Mbale a gabashin [[Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Wambede|first1=Fred|last2=Kitunzi|first2=Yahudu|date=August 8, 2016|title=Uganda: Bamasaba Move to Build Giant Imbalu Centre|work=[[Daily Monitor]]|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201608080173.html|postscript=. Full text of article available [https://utb.go.ug/news-and-views/bamasaba-move-build-giant-imbalu-centre here].}}</ref> Yawanci yana aiki a cikin wata na 8 na kowace shekara. Ana kyautata zaton ƙasa ce wurin da aka yi wa Mugishu (Mumasaba) na farko kaciya. Wannan al'amari na al'umma yana da raye-raye da abinci. An inganta bikin sosai a matsayin wurin yawon buɗe ido, kuma dubun dubatar mutane ne suka halarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2016 |title=How Uganda Turned a Public Circumcision Ritual into a Tourist Attraction |url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/zn84x4/how-uganda-turned-a-public-circumcision-ritual-into-a-tourist-attraction |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=www.vice.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutizwa |first=Nyasha K. |date=June 13, 2016 |title=Ugandan Imbalu circumcision ceremony attracts tourists |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/06/13/ugandan-imbalu-circumcision-ceremony-attracts-tourists/ |access-date=2020-09-11 |website=[[Africanews]]}}</ref> Imbalu shine farkon fara samar da yara maza zuwa balaga kuma a kowace shekara, ɗaruruwan yara maza masu shekaru 16 zuwa sama suna cancantar shiga Imbalu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=WHO Guides the Bagisu Community on Carrying out a Cultural Norm while observing COVID-19 Guidelines |url=https://www.afro.who.int/news/who-guides-bagisu-community-carrying-out-cultural-norm-while-observing-covid-19-guidelines |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=WHO {{!}} Regional Office for Africa |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2022, kimanin yara maza 6,000 ne suka fara zama balagaggu yayin bikin al'adu da ke faruwa kowace shekara. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-12 |title=From lockdown to inflation: Imbalu goes under the knife |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/from-lockdown-to-inflation-imbalu-goes-under-the-knife--3912424 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Wannan shi ne saboda bikin bai faru ba tun a shekarar 2020 lokacin da [[Uganda]] ta kulle saboda ɓarkewar cutar ta COVID-19. <ref name=":0" /> Tsohuwar al’adar ta bayyana tare da haɗa kan al’ummar yankin Bugisu da suka haɗa da Bamasaba na gundumomin Mbale, Manafwa, Bulambuli, Sironko da Bududa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-13 |title=Hundreds throng Mutoto cultural ground for Imbalu launch |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/hundreds-throng-mutoto-cultural-ground-for-imbalu-launch-3913388 |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Domin an yi imani da cewa zuriyar Masaba ne. <ref name=":1" /> == Duba kuma == * Mutane da sunan Gisu * Kaciya a Afirka * Dominica Dipio == Manazarta == 6fv42h7y2pgmkm4jcf7koz0uqiifao4 0 88250 547609 2024-11-28T17:48:57Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1237268327|Shimunenga]]" 547609 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shimunenga''' biki ne na mutanen Ba-Ila na Maala a gundumar Namwala, [[Zambiya|Zambia]]. Ana yin bikin ne a ƙarshen mako na cikakken wata a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Sunan ta ne bayan fitaccen jarumi Shimunenga, wanda ya yi nasara a yakin da aka yi da ɗan uwansa. Da sanyin safiyar ranar farko, mutane suna taruwa a hubbaren Shimunenga, domin rera wakokin gargajiya. Haka kuma ana gudanar da tattakin al'adu na mata da 'yan mata a cikin kayan gargajiya, sannan kuma ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-rayen gargajiya. Washegari da safe, ana busar ganga da dabbobi zuwa kogin, inda ake baje kolin shanu kamar yadda aka saba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional festivals - CÉRÉMONIE SHIMUNENGA DU PEUPLE ILA - Zambia |url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/p131-zambie/c1170-manifestation-evenement/c1250-fetes/c251-fete-traditionnelle-folklore-kermesse/552501-ceremonie-shimunenga-du-peuple-ila.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=www.petitfute.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Shanun da za su fara ketare kogin su ne na mai kula da haramin. Hakan ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar farautar zaki da kamun kifi. An yi bikin ne da wakokin gargajiya na girmamawa da yabo ga ruhin kakannin Shimunenga. Ana ci gaba da shagulgulan biki a ƙauyen tare da ramuka na barasa na gargajiya a wurare daban-daban. == Manazarta == Namwala Cultural and Traditional TrustNamwala Cultural and Traditional TrustNamwala Cultural and Traditional TrustNamwala Cultural and Traditional Trust == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.namwalatrust.org/culture Namwala Cultural and Traditional Trust] pazlt279a7dtc8amre50q9pk9eqpbuv 547610 547609 2024-11-28T17:50:02Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 547610 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shimunenga''' biki ne na mutanen Ba-Ila na Maala a gundumar Namwala, [[Zambiya|Zambia]]. Ana yin bikin ne a ƙarshen mako na cikakken wata a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Sunan ta ne bayan fitaccen jarumi Shimunenga, wanda ya yi nasara a yakin da aka yi da ɗan uwansa. Da sanyin safiyar ranar farko, mutane suna taruwa a hubbaren Shimunenga, domin rera wakokin gargajiya. Haka kuma ana gudanar da tattakin al'adu na mata da 'yan mata a cikin kayan gargajiya, sannan kuma ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-rayen gargajiya. Washegari da safe, ana busar ganga da dabbobi zuwa kogin, inda ake baje kolin shanu kamar yadda aka saba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional festivals - CÉRÉMONIE SHIMUNENGA DU PEUPLE ILA - Zambia |url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/p131-zambie/c1170-manifestation-evenement/c1250-fetes/c251-fete-traditionnelle-folklore-kermesse/552501-ceremonie-shimunenga-du-peuple-ila.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=www.petitfute.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Shanun da za su fara ketare kogin su ne na mai kula da haramin. Hakan ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar farautar zaki da kamun kifi. An yi bikin ne da wakokin gargajiya na girmamawa da yabo ga ruhin kakannin Shimunenga. Ana ci gaba da shagulgulan biki a ƙauyen tare da ramuka na barasa na gargajiya a wurare daban-daban == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.namwalatrust.org/culture Namwala Cultural and Traditional Trust] == Manazarta == 8nh3owm16p7y4zngjwi47dh01yrx01n 547611 547610 2024-11-28T17:51:21Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547611 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shimunenga''' biki ne na mutanen Ba-Ila na Maala a gundumar Namwala, [[Zambiya|Zambia]]. Ana yin bikin ne a ƙarshen mako na cikakken wata a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Sunan ta ne bayan fitaccen jarumi Shimunenga, wanda ya yi nasara a yakin da aka yi da ɗan uwansa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holmes |first1=Timothy |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |last3=Nevins |first3=Debbie |title=Zambia |date=15 December 2017 |publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC |isbn=978-1-5026-3243-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nlmDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Shimunenga%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA120 |language=en}}</ref> Da sanyin safiyar ranar farko, mutane suna taruwa a hubbaren Shimunenga, domin rera wakokin gargajiya. Haka kuma ana gudanar da tattakin al'adu na mata da 'yan mata a cikin kayan gargajiya, sannan kuma ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-rayen gargajiya.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holmes |first1=Timothy |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |last3=Nevins |first3=Debbie |title=Zambia |date=15 December 2017 |publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC |isbn=978-1-5026-3243-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nlmDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Shimunenga%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA120 |language=en}}</ref> Washegari da safe, ana busar ganga da dabbobi zuwa kogin, inda ake baje kolin shanu kamar yadda aka saba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional festivals - CÉRÉMONIE SHIMUNENGA DU PEUPLE ILA - Zambia |url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/p131-zambie/c1170-manifestation-evenement/c1250-fetes/c251-fete-traditionnelle-folklore-kermesse/552501-ceremonie-shimunenga-du-peuple-ila.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=www.petitfute.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Shanun da za su fara ketare kogin su ne na mai kula da haramin. Hakan ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar farautar zaki da kamun kifi. An yi bikin ne da wakokin gargajiya na girmamawa da yabo ga ruhin kakannin Shimunenga. Ana ci gaba da shagulgulan biki a ƙauyen tare da ramuka na barasa na gargajiya a wurare daban-daban == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.namwalatrust.org/culture Namwala Cultural and Traditional Trust] == Manazarta == 52anrsh0x6a6sm6q72a4sxrehqc0oe2 547811 547611 2024-11-28T21:07:19Z Tafoki5252 30926 547811 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shimunenga''' biki ne na mutanen Ba-Ila na Maala a gundumar Namwala, [[Zambiya|Zambia]]. Ana yin bikin ne a ƙarshen mako na cikakken wata a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Sunan ta ne bayan fitaccen jarumi Shimunenga, wanda ya yi nasara a yakin da aka yi da ɗan uwansa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holmes |first1=Timothy |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |last3=Nevins |first3=Debbie |title=Zambia |date=15 December 2017 |publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC |isbn=978-1-5026-3243-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nlmDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Shimunenga%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA120 |language=en}}</ref> Da sanyin safiyar ranar farko, mutane suna taruwa a hubbaren Shimunenga, domin rera wakokin gargajiya. Haka kuma ana gudanar da tattakin al'adu na mata da 'yan mata a cikin kayan gargajiya, sannan kuma ana gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-rayen gargajiya.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holmes |first1=Timothy |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |last3=Nevins |first3=Debbie |title=Zambia |date=15 December 2017 |publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC |isbn=978-1-5026-3243-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_nlmDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Shimunenga%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA120 |language=en}}</ref> Washegari da safe, ana busar ganga da dabbobi zuwa bakin wannan kogin, inda ake baje kolin shanu kamar yadda aka saba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional festivals - CÉRÉMONIE SHIMUNENGA DU PEUPLE ILA - Zambia |url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/p131-zambie/c1170-manifestation-evenement/c1250-fetes/c251-fete-traditionnelle-folklore-kermesse/552501-ceremonie-shimunenga-du-peuple-ila.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=www.petitfute.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Shanun da za su fara ketare kogin su ne na mai kula da haramin. Hakan ya biyo bayan zanga-zangar farautar zaki da kamun kifi. An yi bikin ne da wakokin gargajiya na girmamawa da yabo ga ruhin kakannin Shimunenga. Ana ci gaba da shagulgulan biki a ƙauyen tare da ramuka na barasa na gargajiya a wurare daban-daban == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.namwalatrust.org/culture Namwala Cultural and Traditional Trust] == Manazarta == kxtciww93b2v0c53hz42tc6za1lizpd 0 88251 547618 2024-11-28T17:57:40Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1225940421|International Images Film Festival for Women]]" 547618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin fina-finai na Hotuna na Duniya na Mata''' ( '''''IIFF''''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka kafa a shekarar 2002 a [[Harare]] na [[Zimbabwe]]. Shi ne bikin fina-finai na mata ɗaya tilo a [[Yankin Saharar Afirka|yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara]]. Marubuciya kuma mai shirya fina-finai 'yar ƙasar [[Zimbabwe]] [[Tsitsi Dangarembga]] ta kafa IIFF domin nuna murnar nasarorin da mata masu shirya fina-finai suka samu, tare da sauya wakilcin mata a fim. Dangarembga da mata masu shirya fina-finai na [[Zimbabwe]] ne ke gudanar da bikin, kuma a yanzu ana gudanar da shi duk shekara a watan Nuwamba, inda ake nuna fina-finai a Harare, [[Bulawayo]] da Chimanimani. An gudanar da bikin IIFF karo na 16 a watan Agustan 2017 a matsayin bikin haɗin gwiwa tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Bikin Fim na Duniya na ƙasar Zimbabwe|bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa karo na 19 na Zimbabwe]]. Taken taron IIFF karo na 17, wanda aka gudanar a [[Zimbabwe|babban ɗakin kallo na ƙasar Zimbabwe]] a watan Agustan shekarar 2018, shi ne 'Reach Out'. Film ɗin budewa shine ''She is King''. Sauran fina-finan da aka haska sun haɗa da ''Mukanya'', ''shugabar mata'', ''da matsin lamba'', ''wani ya tafa min'' da kuma ''sautin shiru''. == Manazarta == fblwewbq11x25awja6gy0m06v7gy12b 547621 547618 2024-11-28T18:01:36Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bikin fina-finai na Hotuna na Duniya na Mata''' ( '''''IIFF''''' ) bikin fina-finai ne na duniya na shekara-shekara da aka kafa a shekarar 2002 a [[Harare]] na [[Zimbabwe]]. Shi ne bikin fina-finai na mata ɗaya tilo a [[Yankin Saharar Afirka|yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara]]. Marubuciya kuma mai shirya fina-finai 'yar ƙasar [[Zimbabwe]] [[Tsitsi Dangarembga]] ta kafa IIFF domin nuna murnar nasarorin da mata masu shirya fina-finai suka samu, tare da sauya wakilcin mata a fim.<ref name="Piotrowska2016">{{cite book|author=Agnieszka Piotrowska|title=Black and White: Cinema, politics and the arts in Zimbabwe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nEUlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA139|year=2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-59541-0|page=139}}</ref> Dangarembga da mata masu shirya fina-finai na [[Zimbabwe]] ne ke gudanar da bikin, kuma a yanzu ana gudanar da shi duk shekara a watan Nuwamba, inda ake nuna fina-finai a Harare, [[Bulawayo]] da Chimanimani.<ref name="Thompson2013">{{cite book|author=Katrina Daly Thompson|title=Zimbabwe's Cinematic Arts: Language, Power, Identity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xQBbVfPukGMC&pg=PA174|year=2013|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-00646-2|page=174}}</ref> An gudanar da bikin IIFF karo na 16 a watan Agustan 2017 a matsayin bikin haɗin gwiwa tare da haɗin gwiwar [[Bikin Fim na Duniya na ƙasar Zimbabwe|bikin fina-finai na ƙasa da ƙasa karo na 19 na Zimbabwe]].<ref>[https://www.techzim.co.zw/event/zimbabwe-international-film-festival/ Zimbabwe International Film Festival] ,''Technology Zimbabwe'', 21 August 2017.</ref> Taken taron IIFF karo na 17, wanda aka gudanar a [[Zimbabwe|babban ɗakin kallo na ƙasar Zimbabwe]] a watan Agustan shekarar 2018, shi ne 'Reach Out'. Film ɗin budewa shine ''She is King''. Sauran fina-finan da aka haska sun haɗa da ''Mukanya'', ''shugabar mata'', ''da matsin lamba'', ''wani ya tafa min'' da kuma ''sautin shiru''.<ref>[https://www.herald.co.zw/womens-international-film-festival-kicks-off/ Women’s international film festival kicks off], ''[[The Herald (Zimbabwe)|The Herald]], 24 August 2018.</ref> == Manazarta == jtsfqevqbgie2a8aguld4ohtlzbq6h8 0 88253 547767 2024-11-28T20:44:09Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259209625|Akoko (restaurant)]]" 547767 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akoko''' gidan cin abinci ne na yammacin Afirka mai lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a [[Landan|London]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dinneen |first=Steve |date=2023-12-19 |title=Akoko review: One of London's top tasting menus |url=https://www.cityam.com/akoko-review-west-african-restaurant-has-one-of-londons-top-tasting-menus/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604181056/https://www.cityam.com/akoko-review-west-african-restaurant-has-one-of-londons-top-tasting-menus/ |archive-date=2024-06-04 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=CityAM |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Review: Akoko in Fitzrovia |url=https://www.timeout.com/london/restaurants/akoko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804022625/https://www.timeout.com/london/restaurants/akoko |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-22}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Akoko – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/akoko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711153913/https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/akoko |archive-date=2024-07-11 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide}}</ref> Gidan cin abinci na farko ya jagoranci tsohon MasterChef: The Professionals semi-finalist William Chilila, wanda ya tashi a matsayin shugaban chef a watan Fabrairun 2021. Ayo Adeyemi ne ya maye gurbinsa. Iyalan Adeyemi da Akokomi Dukansu [[Yarbawa|Yarabawa]] ne kuma asalinsu sun fito ne daga [[Najeriya]], kuma Adeyemi ya ba da misali da abinci da kayan abinci na Najeriya, [[Ghana]], [[Senegal]] da [[Gambiya]] suna tasiri wajen dafa shi. == liyafa == An bawa Akoko lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a karon farko a cikin 2024. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == rzsmsgw4jq58nbtsja6w3xbg0homk10 547774 547767 2024-11-28T20:48:00Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Akoko''' gidan cin abinci ne na yammacin Afirka mai lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a [[Landan|London]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dinneen |first=Steve |date=2023-12-19 |title=Akoko review: One of London's top tasting menus |url=https://www.cityam.com/akoko-review-west-african-restaurant-has-one-of-londons-top-tasting-menus/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604181056/https://www.cityam.com/akoko-review-west-african-restaurant-has-one-of-londons-top-tasting-menus/ |archive-date=2024-06-04 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=CityAM |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Review: Akoko in Fitzrovia |url=https://www.timeout.com/london/restaurants/akoko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804022625/https://www.timeout.com/london/restaurants/akoko |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-22}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Akoko – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/akoko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711153913/https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/akoko |archive-date=2024-07-11 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide}}</ref> Gidan cin abinci na farko ya jagoranci tsohon MasterChef: The Professionals semi-finalist William Chilila, wanda ya tashi a matsayin shugaban chef a watan Fabrairun 2021. Ayo Adeyemi ne ya maye gurbinsa. Iyalan Adeyemi da Akokomi Dukansu [[Yarbawa|Yarabawa]] ne kuma asalinsu sun fito ne daga [[Najeriya]], kuma Adeyemi ya ba da misali da abinci da kayan abinci na Najeriya, [[Ghana]], [[Senegal]] da [[Gambiya]] suna tasiri wajen dafa shi. == liyafa == An bawa Akoko lambar yabo ta Michelin Star a karon farko a cikin 2024. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == omo912ni0u2jbb95n9venlz4srgfjll 0 88254 547787 2024-11-28T20:53:59Z Tafoki5252 30926 Sabon muqala 547787 wikitext text/x-wiki Simintin da aka riga aka rigaya wani nau'i ne na siminti da ake amfani da shi wajen gini. Yana da matuƙar “matsewa” (matsi) yayin samarwa, ta hanyar da ke ƙarfafa ta daga rundunonin ƙarfi waɗanda za su wanzu lokacin da ake hidima. [4] Ana samar da wannan matsawa ta hanyar tashin hankali na "tendons" masu ƙarfi da ke cikin ko kusa da simintin kuma ana yin shi don inganta aikin simintin a cikin sabis.[5] Tendon na iya ƙunshi guda ɗaya r8466a7iryhdbnafi9dll6reenupkqu 548009 547787 2024-11-28T22:57:09Z Tafoki5252 30926 548009 wikitext text/x-wiki Simintin da aka riga aka rigaya wani nau'i ne na siminti da ake amfani da shi wajen gini. Yana da matuƙar “matsewa” (matsi) yayin samarwa, ta hanyar da ke ƙarfafa ta daga rundunonin ƙarfi waɗanda za su wanzu lokacin da ake hidima. [4] Ana samar da wannan matsawa ta hanyar tashin hankali na "tendons" masu ƙarfi da ke cikin ko kusa da simintin kuma ana yin shi don inganta aikin simintin a cikin sabis.[5] Tendon na iya ƙunshi guda ɗaya Pre-tensioned kankare adadi uku; Dutsen kore mai duhu an riga an ɗaure shi a cikin gadon simintin simintin koren haske Pre-tensioning tsari Pre-tensioned kankare shine bambance-bambancen simintin da aka ɗora inda ginshiƙan ke daɗaɗawa kafin a jefa simintin.[1]: 25  Ƙunƙarar ƙugiya ga tendons yayin da yake warkewa, bayan haka an saki ƙarshen jijiyoyi, kuma Ana tura dakarun tashin hankali na jijiyoyi zuwa siminti azaman matsawa ta hanyar juzu'i.[6]: 7  Form don kankare I-beam tare da tendons a ƙananan yanki Rigar gada da aka rigaya ta dawwama a cikin gadon da aka rigaya, tare da tendons masu igiya guda ɗaya suna fita ta hanyar tsarin aiki. Pre-tensioning dabara ce ta gama gari, inda aka kera simintin siminti a waje daga wurin tsari na ƙarshe kuma a kai shi zuwa wurin da zarar an warke. Yana buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan, tsayayyun wuraren ƙulla ƙarshen ƙugiya waɗanda ke shimfiɗa jijiyoyi. Waɗannan ƙusoshin sun zama ƙarshen “gado na simintin gyare-gyare” wanda ƙila ya ninka tsawon simintin simintin da ake ƙirƙira sau da yawa. Wannan yana ba da damar gina abubuwa da yawa daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe a cikin aikin farko na tashin hankali, yana ba da damar fa'idodin yawan aiki da ƙimar sikelin tattalin arziƙi.[6][8] == Adadin haɗin == (ko mannewa) da za'a iya samu tsakanin simintin da aka saita da kuma saman jijiyoyi yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin da aka rigaya ya taso, saboda yana ƙayyade lokacin da za'a iya sakin ɗigon jijiyoyi lafiya. Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa a farkon shekarun kankare zai hanzarta samarwa kuma ya ba da damar ƙirƙira tattalin arziƙi. Don haɓaka wannan, tendons da aka rigaya sun kasance yawanci sun ƙunshi keɓaɓɓun wayoyi ko igiyoyi, waɗanda ke ba da mafi girman yanki don haɗawa fiye da jijiyoyi masu ɗaure.[6] Crane yana sarrafa katakon kankare Pre-tensioned, precast hollow-core slab ana sanyawa Ba kamar na simintin da aka yi bayan tashin hankali ba (duba ƙasa), jijiyoyi na abubuwan simintin da aka riga aka girka gabaɗaya suna samar da madaidaiciyar layi tsakanin ƙarshen anchorages. Inda ake buƙatar tendons "profied" ko "harped" [9], ɗaya ko fiye na tsaka-tsaki suna samuwa a tsakanin iyakar tendon don riƙe tendon zuwa daidaitattun layin da ake so yayin tashin hankali.[1]: 68-73  [ 6]: 11  Irin waɗannan ɓangarorin yawanci suna yin aiki da ƙarfi sosai, don haka suna buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin tushen gado. Ana amfani da jijiyoyi madaidaici a cikin abubuwan da aka siffata na siminti na “daidaitacce”, kamar su shuɗi mara zurfi, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙasa; alhãli kuwa an fi samun jijiyoyi masu ƙirƙira a cikin gada mai zurfi da gada mai zurfi. An fi amfani da simintin da aka riga aka yi tashe-tashen hankula don kera ginshiƙan gine-gine, ginshiƙan bene, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙasa, baranda, lintels, tulin tuƙi, tankunan ruwa da bututun siminti. == Manazarta == # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' ^'''''d''''' ^'''''e''''' ^'''''f''''' ^'''''g''''' ^'''''h''''' ^'''''i''''' ^'''''j''''' # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' ^'''''d''''' ^'''''e''''' ^'''''f''''' ^'''''g''''' # '''^'''  Post-tensioned concreted is "structural concrete in which internal stresses have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from loads." 4t69pc35o5eapuryc0vwjokluubp4wn 548019 548009 2024-11-28T23:07:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Simintin da aka riga aka rigaya wani nau'i ne na siminti da ake amfani da shi wajen gini. Yana da matuƙar “matsewa” (matsi) yayin samarwa, ta hanyar da ke ƙarfafa ta daga rundunonin ƙarfi waɗanda za su wanzu lokacin da ake hidima. [4] Ana samar da wannan matsawa ta hanyar tashin hankali na "tendons" masu ƙarfi da ke cikin ko kusa da simintin kuma ana yin shi don inganta aikin simintin a cikin sabis.[5] Tendon na iya ƙunshi guda ɗaya Pre-tensioned kankare adadi uku; Dutsen kore mai duhu an riga an ɗaure shi a cikin gadon simintin simintin koren haske Pre-tensioning tsari Pre-tensioned kankare shine bambance-bambancen simintin da aka ɗora inda ginshiƙan ke daɗaɗawa kafin a jefa simintin.[1]: 25  Ƙunƙarar ƙugiya ga tendons yayin da yake warkewa, bayan haka an saki ƙarshen jijiyoyi, kuma Ana tura dakarun tashin hankali na jijiyoyi zuwa siminti azaman matsawa ta hanyar juzu'i.[6]: 7  Form don kankare I-beam tare da tendons a ƙananan yanki Rigar gada da aka rigaya ta dawwama a cikin gadon da aka rigaya, tare da tendons masu igiya guda ɗaya suna fita ta hanyar tsarin aiki. Pre-tensioning dabara ce ta gama gari, inda aka kera simintin siminti a waje daga wurin tsari na ƙarshe kuma a kai shi zuwa wurin da zarar an warke. Yana buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan, tsayayyun wuraren ƙulla ƙarshen ƙugiya waɗanda ke shimfiɗa jijiyoyi. Waɗannan ƙusoshin sun zama ƙarshen “gado na simintin gyare-gyare” wanda ƙila ya ninka tsawon simintin simintin da ake ƙirƙira sau da yawa. Wannan yana ba da damar gina abubuwa da yawa daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe a cikin aikin farko na tashin hankali, yana ba da damar fa'idodin yawan aiki da ƙimar sikelin tattalin arziƙi.[6][8] == Adadin haɗin == (ko mannewa) da za'a iya samu tsakanin simintin da aka saita da kuma saman jijiyoyi yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin da aka rigaya ya taso, saboda yana ƙayyade lokacin da za'a iya sakin ɗigon jijiyoyi lafiya. Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa a farkon shekarun kankare zai hanzarta samarwa kuma ya ba da damar ƙirƙira tattalin arziƙi. Don haɓaka wannan, tendons da aka rigaya sun kasance yawanci sun ƙunshi keɓaɓɓun wayoyi ko igiyoyi, waɗanda ke ba da mafi girman yanki don haɗawa fiye da jijiyoyi masu ɗaure.[6] Crane yana sarrafa katakon kankare Pre-tensioned, precast hollow-core slab ana sanyawa Ba kamar na simintin da aka yi bayan tashin hankali ba (duba ƙasa), jijiyoyi na abubuwan simintin da aka riga aka girka gabaɗaya suna samar da madaidaiciyar layi tsakanin ƙarshen anchorages. Inda ake buƙatar tendons "profied" ko "harped" [9], ɗaya ko fiye na tsaka-tsaki suna samuwa a tsakanin iyakar tendon don riƙe tendon zuwa daidaitattun layin da ake so yayin tashin hankali.[1]: 68-73  [ 6]: 11  Irin waɗannan ɓangarorin yawanci suna yin aiki da ƙarfi sosai, don haka suna buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin tushen gado. Ana amfani da jijiyoyi madaidaici a cikin abubuwan da aka siffata na siminti na “daidaitacce”, kamar su shuɗi mara zurfi, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙasa; alhãli kuwa an fi samun jijiyoyi masu ƙirƙira a cikin gada mai zurfi da gada mai zurfi. An fi amfani da simintin da aka riga aka yi tashe-tashen hankula don kera ginshiƙan gine-gine, ginshiƙan bene, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙasa, baranda, lintels, tulin tuƙi, tankunan ruwa da bututun siminti. == Manazarta == # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' ^'''''d''''' ^'''''e''''' ^'''''f''''' ^'''''g''''' ^'''''h''''' ^'''''i''''' ^'''''j''''' # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' ^'''''d''''' ^'''''e''''' ^'''''f''''' ^'''''g''''' # '''^'''  Post-tensioned concreted is "structural concrete in which internal stresses have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from loads." a99a9gm97d1lb2ep3meho1zupslvwvs 0 88255 547789 2024-11-28T20:54:05Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1243540958|Chishuru]]" 547789 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chishuru''' gidan cin abinci ne [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] mai lambar yabo ta Michelin-Star a London, United Kingdom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chishuru – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/chishuru |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide |language=en-US}}</ref> Chishuru ya fara ne a matsayin gidan cin abinci na wata uku a unguwar Brixton na London, kafin ya koma wurinsa na dindindin a unguwar Fitzrovia. == liyafa == An ba wa gidan abincin suna ''Time Out mafi kyawun gidan abinci na London'' na shekara ta 2022. Tare da lambar yabo ta Michelin Star ta Chishuru a cikin shekarar 2024, maigidan kuma shugaban Chef [[Adejoké Bakare]] ta zama bakar fata ta farko da ta samu wannan karramawa a [[Burtaniya]]. == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == awqoi3pm0vkvtwm5wo50jsc1dtqep6m 547794 547789 2024-11-28T20:56:33Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547794 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chishuru''' gidan cin abinci ne [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] mai lambar yabo ta Michelin-Star a London, United Kingdom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chishuru – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/chishuru |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide |language=en-US}}</ref> Chishuru ya fara ne a matsayin gidan cin abinci na wata uku a unguwar Brixton na London, kafin ya koma wurinsa na dindindin a unguwar Fitzrovia.<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == liyafa == An ba wa gidan abincin suna ''Time Out mafi kyawun gidan abinci na London'' na shekara ta 2022. Tare da lambar yabo ta Michelin Star ta Chishuru a cikin shekarar 2024, maigidan kuma shugaban Chef [[Adejoké Bakare]] ta zama bakar fata ta farko da ta samu wannan karramawa a [[Burtaniya]].<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == 533toomegvgpjbqplvpw28b2npv2f6r 547795 547794 2024-11-28T20:56:51Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* liyafa */ 547795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chishuru''' gidan cin abinci ne [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] mai lambar yabo ta Michelin-Star a London, United Kingdom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chishuru – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/chishuru |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide |language=en-US}}</ref> Chishuru ya fara ne a matsayin gidan cin abinci na wata uku a unguwar Brixton na London, kafin ya koma wurinsa na dindindin a unguwar Fitzrovia.<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == liyafa == An ba wa gidan abincin suna ''Time Out mafi kyawun gidan abinci na London'' na shekara ta 2022.<ref name="TimeOutReview">{{cite news |last1=Hui |first1=Angela |title=Brixton Market’s Chishuru named Time Out’s best restaurant of 2022 |url=https://www.timeout.com/london/news/brixton-markets-chishuru-named-time-outs-best-restaurant-of-2022-041222 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Time Out Magazine London |agency=Time Out |publisher=Time Out |date=12 April 2022}}</ref> Tare da lambar yabo ta Michelin Star ta Chishuru a cikin shekarar 2024, maigidan kuma shugaban Chef [[Adejoké Bakare]] ta zama bakar fata ta farko da ta samu wannan karramawa a [[Burtaniya]].<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == cuh2r2x77mr7vmmqzk39bnt5883rtt2 547798 547795 2024-11-28T20:57:50Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 547798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chishuru''' gidan cin abinci ne [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] mai lambar yabo ta Michelin-Star a London, United Kingdom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chishuru – London - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant |url=https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/greater-london/london/restaurant/chishuru |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=MICHELIN Guide |language=en-US}}</ref> Chishuru ya fara ne a matsayin gidan cin abinci na wata uku a unguwar Brixton na London, kafin ya koma wurinsa na dindindin a unguwar Fitzrovia.<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == liyafa == An ba wa gidan abincin suna ''Time Out mafi kyawun gidan abinci na London'' na shekara ta 2022.<ref name="TimeOutReview">{{cite news |last1=Hui |first1=Angela |title=Brixton Market’s Chishuru named Time Out’s best restaurant of 2022 |url=https://www.timeout.com/london/news/brixton-markets-chishuru-named-time-outs-best-restaurant-of-2022-041222 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Time Out Magazine London |agency=Time Out |publisher=Time Out |date=12 April 2022}}</ref> Tare da lambar yabo ta Michelin Star ta Chishuru a cikin shekarar 2024, maigidan kuma shugaban Chef [[Adejoké Bakare]] ta zama bakar fata ta farko da ta samu wannan karramawa a [[Burtaniya]].<ref name="ChishuruInfo">{{cite news |last1=Thompson |first1=Polly |title=The chef at London's Chishuru just won her first Michelin star. She started with a competition to open a pop-up restaurant. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/london-restaurant-chishuru-michelin-star-chef-2024-3 |access-date=22 August 2024 |work=Business Insider |date=10 March 2024}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin gidajen cin abinci na Afirka]] * Jerin gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro na Michelin a cikin Babban London == Manazarta == 013isf3vo1z60frud9hb9mhj6hv08cm 0 88256 547822 2024-11-28T21:17:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa. 547822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa. 6ol5t3k8lry846c6pe0t6ixscaoiyp9 547823 547822 2024-11-28T21:17:57Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref> eui6iusvoncuf1xbnuxenjjqbfilvid 547824 547823 2024-11-28T21:18:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. fvz0071f2qyoj759a1ybmgotpch4agq 547825 547824 2024-11-28T21:19:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. 6grrvqagl1rk1512j7rkrdoqk59novg 547826 547825 2024-11-28T21:20:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012), 67ohn5o3wbt0if6oaer7savhazxrcol 547827 547826 2024-11-28T21:21:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020), n0asjvmp6ey2z6vpv37rfneoq4skle2 547829 547827 2024-11-28T21:21:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). crsv0us64u4w5zbofyzdey19rzbe6yt 547830 547829 2024-11-28T21:22:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== iwopublgrkzzzy8tkjnf2uvu8e3hizu 547832 547830 2024-11-28T21:23:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara. knrk54zejvm667wde7wthg1k1c5sswj 547833 547832 2024-11-28T21:23:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref> r6csdsunxy78on776ag1pah6bsa69h8 547834 547833 2024-11-28T21:24:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County. 9z1iv271qghd1n0wybt5kubiyw83deg 547835 547834 2024-11-28T21:24:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref> 5v111bm6r4tuqw2nze41nj4bibqjttf 547836 547835 2024-11-28T21:25:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi. rha3p8kiqzuxtz28u2zrs4r0vyq1zpg 547839 547836 2024-11-28T21:25:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref> ehyduzvv5v4qlfn5m3b5h9oo51hktlf 547846 547839 2024-11-28T21:26:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.' 464q2o2qv00yzfhf1sp7f81k9kjiubc 547851 547846 2024-11-28T21:27:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta. 8ywplos7cyqqex9g3xu3x6bk1mc17cx 547855 547851 2024-11-28T21:27:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref> lvxqmq8vj0l2t3gtc30rvnx211nz6eh 547859 547855 2024-11-28T21:27:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13. 8orxenhy7ww0ld5fk1m2f9vi4gh46by 547861 547859 2024-11-28T21:28:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i. sdh63r7u8m462tdjbtqd9v2do9i9odo 547862 547861 2024-11-28T21:29:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> rqon7k413ryg6yjlrhozy69r8q4ra1m 547863 547862 2024-11-28T21:30:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== 2ivo2qv7kli0ds4js9hq3nokddbdvqo 547864 547863 2024-11-28T21:31:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai. f8k8kf4brbbuxzps61epsttuucer5mj 547865 547864 2024-11-28T21:31:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref></ref> by3rcd8opmmtwacux7bufxqibm5qpst 547866 547865 2024-11-28T21:31:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref> hmee7da90gc1e3xgu7b7tazl57q89xi 547868 547866 2024-11-28T21:32:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref> b2x2oqbjh0tu1kcogss5atq7fsums43 547869 547868 2024-11-28T21:33:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu. pj2m5xt90asedit2c7v8x2ljfgnvbym 547872 547869 2024-11-28T21:34:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. nqa7uvhlzgsrhyih37wyk50m7p5io8g 547873 547872 2024-11-28T21:34:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin. 1e58eajd7iipok4vsy6li9041ipzx45 547874 547873 2024-11-28T21:35:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> 9btn8312co4al32omxmbbbgrba33t1h 547875 547874 2024-11-28T21:36:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko. 9hsy8af3oepv68ux4vh8k7wejolwxf5 547876 547875 2024-11-28T21:36:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> 15i1awbh1qi10ved6a64n2r2m7a2no3 547877 547876 2024-11-28T21:37:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY), 4p9juaq3lxldkcizrqxmhksf705dyfw 547878 547877 2024-11-28T21:37:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. 8r59i1u0nh6qol8v6xowr3oaexn5427 547880 547878 2024-11-28T21:38:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref></ref> rbweetvw5krfstai2ybg1jikuwpzg20 547881 547880 2024-11-28T21:38:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> 85yw10uwlczmebgpp0f1rr714ztrfk3 547882 547881 2024-11-28T21:39:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== pjcoy8hek95ge8n3b2ir0la2ff8luee 547883 547882 2024-11-28T21:40:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta. pjb6t9515px2w1nr2txztpok13np9cj 547885 547883 2024-11-28T21:40:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref> romnn0hbvtf8jn2wvqivfdnx6nj1k9j 547886 547885 2024-11-28T21:41:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya. 03ifi4paasaqcbfweo7kccvu7q932f1 547887 547886 2024-11-28T21:41:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya.Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan EPOCA, Ayyukan Muhalli akan Amurka ta Tsakiya. 3gg2jkyysjqbz767udsnuan2zxndrl0 547888 547887 2024-11-28T21:43:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya.Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan EPOCA, Ayyukan Muhalli akan Amurka ta Tsakiya.<ref>Deborah McCarthy Auriffeille; Daniel Faber (September 1, 2005). Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-0-7425-8043-5. Archived from the original on July 8, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref> ab24c61o1qxe8y7r0spmw8r8eq6la02 547889 547888 2024-11-28T21:44:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya.Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan EPOCA, Ayyukan Muhalli akan Amurka ta Tsakiya.<ref>Deborah McCarthy Auriffeille; Daniel Faber (September 1, 2005). Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-0-7425-8043-5. Archived from the original on July 8, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref>Bayan ta yi aiki a ginin haɗin gwiwa a Amurka da kuma ƙungiyar muhalli ta duniya na tsawon shekaru biyu, John Gaventa ya ɗauke ta aiki a Cibiyar Bincike da Ilimi ta Highlander a Sabuwar Kasuwa, Tennessee, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin malami kuma a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta.<ref></ref> odvelgc0yv5ms2kiemot7i6imsei2hg 547890 547889 2024-11-28T21:44:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya.Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan EPOCA, Ayyukan Muhalli akan Amurka ta Tsakiya.<ref>Deborah McCarthy Auriffeille; Daniel Faber (September 1, 2005). Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-0-7425-8043-5. Archived from the original on July 8, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref>Bayan ta yi aiki a ginin haɗin gwiwa a Amurka da kuma ƙungiyar muhalli ta duniya na tsawon shekaru biyu, John Gaventa ya ɗauke ta aiki a Cibiyar Bincike da Ilimi ta Highlander a Sabuwar Kasuwa, Tennessee, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin malami kuma a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta.<ref>http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/labor-center-welcomes-new-policy-fellow-jane-mcalevey/</ref> 5ywrpwp55k8e4tf74fh6rar7b0uejhd 547891 547890 2024-11-28T21:45:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jane F. McAlevey''' (Oktoba 12, 1964 - Yuli 7, 2024) mai shirya ƙungiyar Amurka ce, marubuci, kuma mai sharhin siyasa.<ref>https://commonslibrary.org/changemakers-podcast-changemaker-chat-with-jane-mcalevey/</ref>Ta kasance Babban Jami'in Harkokin Siyasa a Jami'ar California, Cibiyar Bincike ta Berkeley akan Ma'aikata da Aiki, kuma marubuci a The Nation. '''McAlevey''' ya yi iƙirarin cewa ma'aikata ne kawai ke da iko, ta hanyar ƙungiya, don tilasta gagarumin canji a wuraren aiki da kuma cikin al'umma gabaɗaya. Samfurin ta, abin da ta kira gabaɗayan ma'aikaci yana shiryawa, yana ganin ma'aikata da al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ciki gaba ɗaya. Ƙa'idar canji tana buƙatar tsari mai tsari, ƙungiyar jama'a na ma'aikata. McAlevey ya rubuta litattafai hudu game da tsari da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da ma'aikata da ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci ke takawa wajen mayar da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga da gina dimokuradiyya mai ƙarfi: Raising Expectations and Raising Hell (2012),Babu Gajerun hanyoyi: Tsara don Ƙarfi a cikin Sabon Zamani (2016), Yarjejeniya Taɗi: Ƙungiyoyi, Tsara, da Yaƙin Dimokuradiyya (2020),kuma tare da Abby Lawlor, Dokokin Nasara Ta: Ƙarfi da Shiga cikin Tattaunawar Ƙungiyar (2023). ==Rayuwa== An haife shi a Manhattan, McAlevey shine ƙarami cikin yara tara.<ref>http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2006/dec/10/new-face-of-labor-has-heart-drive/</ref>Mahaifinta, John McAlevey, matukin jirgin yakin duniya na biyu, lauya, kuma dan siyasa mai ci gaba, ya kasance magajin garin Sloatsburg, New York, sannan mai kula da Ramapo, kuma memba na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Rockland County.<ref>Egner, David (September 23, 1985). "UB Student Points to Sign Of Resurgence in Protests".</ref>Lokacin da take jariri, iyayenta sun kai ta zuwa haƙƙin ɗan adam da yaƙin Yaƙin Bietnam. Lokacin da ta kai shekaru 5, mahaifiyarta ta mutu daga ciwon nono na BRCA-1, kuma mahaifinta ya fara dauke ta don aiki tare da shi.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/jane-mcaleveys-vision-for-the-future-of-american-labor</ref>Ya ba da shawarar a ba da shiyya ta sararin samaniya da gidajen jama'a, wanda ya haifar da tsangwama a makaranta: ''Za ku je makaranta ku yi kururuwa da rashin hankali daga iyayen wasu yara saboda 'mahaifinku zai kawo bakaken fata zuwa Rockland. County.'Yana da kyau a koya wa ƙa’idodi da wuri, mu kalli fuskar tsoro ka daɗe da waiwaya,” in ji ta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/nyregion/public-lives-in-15-mug-shots-a-model-of-disobedience.html</ref>Ta fara halartar zanga-zangar adawa da makaman nukiliya da kanta tana da shekaru 13.A cikin makarantar sakandare, ta shirya cin nasara na tafiya ɗalibi, ta nuna rashin amincewa da buƙatun kayan motsa jiki na mata masu jima'i.<ref>https://theanalysis.news/get-organized-to-win-jane-mcalevey-pt-1/</ref> ==Ilimi== A cikin 1984, yayin da yake halartar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo, an zaɓi McAlevey shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai.Ta ci gaba da zama shugabar kungiyar dalibai ta Jami’ar Jihar New York (SASU), kungiyar dalibai 200,000 a fadin jihar a tsarin jami’o’in gwamnati na New York.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=N2DtsaWedu4C&q=mcalevey+Student+Association+of+the+State+University+of+New+York&pg=PA194</ref><ref>September 23, 1985</ref>A can ne ta kitsa mamaye ginin hedkwatar SUNY da dalibai suka yi don nuna rashin amincewarsu da jarin da jami'ar ke yi a Afirka ta Kudu.McAlevey yana daya daga cikin masu shirya "SUNY 6" da aka kama saboda keta; Ita da wasu biyu sun amince da hukuncin kwanaki 15 kuma sun tafi gidan yari maimakon su amince su daina zanga-zangar a lokacin gwaji. Kwanaki hudu bayan sakin su tare da sanar da ci gaba da zanga-zangar, amintattun SUNY sun kada kuri'ar kawar da tsarin jami'a daga cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Afirka ta Kudu; shi ne mafi girma a cikin Amurka a lokacin<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> McAlevey ta bar Jami'ar Jihar New York a Buffalo kafin ta kammala digiri na farko.<ref>https://janemcalevey.com/about-jane/</ref> A cikin 2010, bisa ga buƙatar Frances Fox Piven, McAlevey ya koma jami'a don neman digiri na uku. A cikin 2015, ta sami digiri na uku a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Cibiyar Graduate, Jami'ar City na New York (CUNY),karkashin kulawar Piven kuma James Jasper da Dan Clawson suka ba da shawara. Daga nan ta kammala karatun digiri na shekaru biyu a cikin Ma'aikata & Shirin Rayuwa a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard (2015-2017).<ref>https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/people/jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==Sana'a== Bayan ya bar jami'a, McAlevey ya bi ta Amurka ta tsakiya, inda ya shafe lokaci a Nicaragua yana aiki don tallafawa juyin juya halin da Sandinista National Liberation Front ya jagoranta.<ref>https://jacobin.com/2024/07/jane-mcalevey-organizing-for-power-trainings</ref>Daga nan sai ta koma California don yin aiki daga Cibiyar David Brower's Earth Island akan wani aiki da ke da nufin ilmantar da motsin muhalli a Amurka game da sakamakon muhalli na soja da manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka a Amurka ta tsakiya.Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan EPOCA, Ayyukan Muhalli akan Amurka ta Tsakiya.<ref>Deborah McCarthy Auriffeille; Daniel Faber (September 1, 2005). Foundations for Social Change: Critical Perspectives on Philanthropy and Popular Movements. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-0-7425-8043-5. Archived from the original on July 8, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2019.</ref>Bayan ta yi aiki a ginin haɗin gwiwa a Amurka da kuma ƙungiyar muhalli ta duniya na tsawon shekaru biyu, John Gaventa ya ɗauke ta aiki a Cibiyar Bincike da Ilimi ta Highlander a Sabuwar Kasuwa, Tennessee, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin malami kuma a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta.<ref>http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/labor-center-welcomes-new-policy-fellow-jane-mcalevey/</ref> ==MANAZARTA== egop7frgdi98vha4koiottdqwa9s7kk 3 88257 547837 2024-11-28T21:25:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547837 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Vmakenas! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Vmakenas|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) dc6uszczdand79pg0vdbb36qww4kl06 3 88258 547838 2024-11-28T21:25:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547838 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Stevebradley1! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Stevebradley1|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ts9wcyji9q5wj0zru6nhizeh3uskbb9 3 88259 547840 2024-11-28T21:25:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547840 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Spiteful dwarf! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Spiteful dwarf|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 0szub7r8m34br5ju20pnbm7q5mya9aa 3 88260 547842 2024-11-28T21:25:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547842 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, İmmortalance! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/İmmortalance|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) bg57uwly7ti8h4dc81jv127tbak0ai7 3 88261 547843 2024-11-28T21:26:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547843 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Delight4b2! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Delight4b2|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) d7ryizzy11uzb6zirrw9hvq4pr0v16y 3 88262 547845 2024-11-28T21:26:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547845 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Arnand06! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Arnand06|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 6yvml01gkt2gx0kdkifdo5q7d5yquxp 3 88263 547847 2024-11-28T21:26:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547847 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Cesare Marchi! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Cesare Marchi|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 9ideunsd0bfq70a2kgqkl5sapclawey 3 88264 547848 2024-11-28T21:26:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547848 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Apstockholm! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Apstockholm|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) gkoe8z45iimys1wr0kiymtan66c9sef 3 88265 547849 2024-11-28T21:26:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547849 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, AbchyZa22! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/AbchyZa22|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 0l0l8ni9edg0a2l9wucj0yo8bum29ij 3 88266 547850 2024-11-28T21:26:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547850 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, মনোনেশ দাস নাগরিক সাংবাদিক! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/মনোনেশ দাস নাগরিক সাংবাদিক|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 579owedgg951idowr49s5kludwrzq8y 3 88267 547852 2024-11-28T21:27:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547852 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, JJPMaster! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 70st3x28ajncxrfcncbdgbc0i37b504 3 88268 547853 2024-11-28T21:27:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547853 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, SageTDS! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/SageTDS|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) jo0fvz6u8bjb021as6r1bqf6zbn1dg2 3 88269 547854 2024-11-28T21:27:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547854 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Jeremy Hulber! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Jeremy Hulber|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) 8djs9fnz4v1ej4sq6fyslguw24gs9fz 3 88270 547856 2024-11-28T21:27:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547856 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, SrGarga! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/SrGarga|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) o2s9s5esfhhmp68qtu3u0bvmgly43sv 3 88271 547857 2024-11-28T21:27:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547857 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, FonbetStavki! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/FonbetStavki|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) jrd6jhx2xoynhmfollfiyg4xetjdb0w 3 88272 547858 2024-11-28T21:27:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 547858 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Eyo Edem! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Eyo Edem|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 28 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) qqniddp0p8k1phtiwz0virs9x8h41qq 0 88273 547892 2024-11-28T21:47:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa. 547892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa. mpn7tyn4b1f1nhkjsgb0mmpsj06y8qr 547893 547892 2024-11-28T21:48:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks. 5qvwrusi6q33ym9cxlgkh7eayyf2nkt 547894 547893 2024-11-28T21:48:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ixf5xulzs5qv1wqujbihlf78ljjh91c 547895 547894 2024-11-28T21:50:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== 6fujzya1q4yemjftz2m6rzka4rd8pk6 547896 547895 2024-11-28T21:51:25Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref></ref> cnrovyurevwqla101si6us8szdzoxs5 547897 547896 2024-11-28T21:51:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref> jsidj66ganzu8toye59jezi6smt7hvf 547898 547897 2024-11-28T21:52:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref></ref> qracfr7v0ha7wi421z82vtchvp5dwxg 547899 547898 2024-11-28T21:52:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref> ens7i4q64jy5nlgdw591vqmg2q3h57z 547900 547899 2024-11-28T21:53:25Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu. l9s250lx0ztlz450fcq0xvpwgcqkmcs 547901 547900 2024-11-28T21:53:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref> dn9nf2hjhl1lc946yifo8rq4mvtbkoo 547902 547901 2024-11-28T21:54:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu. egwmxg0c3fcpkman20xnqv3wz04hdth 547903 547902 2024-11-28T21:55:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref> ezbayn442mzud85xyvt85idgs40pp9m 547904 547903 2024-11-28T21:55:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns. 1011h0gplyjvoyd2les5of8ck6fv9xh 547905 547904 2024-11-28T21:56:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya. jiu0zxy23nuabr9ftjgk2bs60ro09r1 547906 547905 2024-11-28T21:56:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> 79fryly06hjlit91reh2gxgvvxt2936 547907 547906 2024-11-28T21:57:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== 67hmlv23gjaempf5e1mzmx081ww3aha 547908 547907 2024-11-28T21:58:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona. 3xpz3pdd4sk41qciepzb0na3alzkdxe 547909 547908 2024-11-28T21:58:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> rd8ta5hy02uj17nnzmfwu64kfhrpwqx 547910 547909 2024-11-28T21:59:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors. pzu2utfagw7qvst1jq2zmmf8yx8iyq5 547911 547910 2024-11-28T21:59:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref> 10zuzjp58zvv1tkdznyyrpxomorrygh 547912 547911 2024-11-28T22:00:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter. ejkd8u588n4b0fnyc6zp4b3cnmka9ui 547913 547912 2024-11-28T22:01:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref></ref> c1ao897fazevveonvw64axwuukz8j4n 547914 547913 2024-11-28T22:01:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> mjumik2781kn0qthw9hzvpvc74gpigq 547917 547914 2024-11-28T22:03:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' jn3x9dcprppzvi756tnnw9hx2urwloa 547919 547917 2024-11-28T22:03:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019. dn6pyf9tpuwlsda611uksxsjxnpg2zr 547920 547919 2024-11-28T22:04:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref> 4sgvek0s0qh7agwjnr4aqenxqff46gr 547921 547920 2024-11-28T22:04:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa. 8w4ty27hmu6dyufuifg8f73ykpm5ax1 547922 547921 2024-11-28T22:05:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref> q41qm1hmflg6o2wi7yvwf3cyuv0tsa0 547923 547922 2024-11-28T22:05:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA. k12deuwx24x115d86jufuitsjtmqjr7 547924 547923 2024-11-28T22:06:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> i7ys5q2fpht1p0bknu68nvd96zzu1to 547925 547924 2024-11-28T22:08:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19. o08tdsmyvfruvktmrnpujcz47qo4btu 547926 547925 2024-11-28T22:08:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> p54fugmtoq506uk534jjsmhtecse73w 547927 547926 2024-11-28T22:09:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' qrry8eqwss48wjrtlejq7i6lhs790wf 547928 547927 2024-11-28T22:10:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide. dwyzl13i7u9d5e25orpcxdo3jwdpcbn 547929 547928 2024-11-28T22:10:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref> mw3cjrozjx510gkezxnyomcnj4l9z5u 547931 547929 2024-11-28T22:11:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547931 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia. 84tamma77enz39vi9afh56kj4qeaq7s 547932 547931 2024-11-28T22:11:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref> 0tfamez2w2g7ens07kduvjhs9y8zr7e 547933 547932 2024-11-28T22:12:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu. 5cp17tc1kmf20abyfgvei5y251kgfbn 547934 547933 2024-11-28T22:12:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref> 9zxlx72bvnm026mfth3dzyj0uea3ypp 547935 547934 2024-11-28T22:13:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba. dp0uzmnb1lrn4v508hluxw0q0gbx7za 547937 547935 2024-11-28T22:13:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref> 7cqlfucmh2cceksxlcn3ude3jq1n40s 547939 547937 2024-11-28T22:14:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi. 6u0oo45fxly3g8j0zs7z40y0cx451je 547941 547939 2024-11-28T22:14:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref> op33oexru47qbeqxw5kgt2xmt4438if 547942 547941 2024-11-28T22:15:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri. 0exhvyeri2n6aphm4l0d3oncwj6wmqt 547943 547942 2024-11-28T22:15:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> 6odtwnm0295zadb6gujabsp328m1a87 547944 547943 2024-11-28T22:16:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' dqzxws8ri5je0wyr2q37z4t4qzas7pb 547945 547944 2024-11-28T22:17:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon, 0nmbx1gibyt26mk9klbetrz1vmcyy5w 547946 547945 2024-11-28T22:18:03Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref> m4rqmxu0vm9mz1dua9a1jrpe1fo952c 547947 547946 2024-11-28T22:18:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa. ef1ogxm50sgxurbebhouvcxs8tlcyz5 547948 547947 2024-11-28T22:18:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref> hz8slh55px9ijqw9v67ku5b7x00joyb 547949 547948 2024-11-28T22:19:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34. izhvh82gj8oyg4sttt3fjfjkdq20dtu 547950 547949 2024-11-28T22:20:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023. ivauxzak3u7cfezrpl3siqph3bq1wn3 547952 547950 2024-11-28T22:20:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> c2pxq4l5r24ocvz2t9udlnjel2q545h 547953 547952 2024-11-28T22:23:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} nf9pkjlp06xt7luow59g4jmx6s0jkkg 547954 547953 2024-11-28T22:24:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== 3pstapw77dqbe8hoi363w2mt5vcyrk7 547955 547954 2024-11-28T22:25:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== Khyree Jackson, tare da wasu abokan karatunsa guda biyu, sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota a Upper Marlboro, Maryland, da sanyin safiyar ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2024, lokacin da wani direban ya yi yunkurin sauya layi cikin sauri ya buge biyu. ababan hawa, ciki har da wanda Jackson ya kasance fasinja. Ya kasance 24. 594tvkl8yu99i4lr3oeho3g58j9273h 547956 547955 2024-11-28T22:26:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== Khyree Jackson, tare da wasu abokan karatunsa guda biyu, sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota a Upper Marlboro, Maryland, da sanyin safiyar ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2024, lokacin da wani direban ya yi yunkurin sauya layi cikin sauri ya buge biyu. ababan hawa, ciki har da wanda Jackson ya kasance fasinja. Ya kasance 24.<ref>https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/40507027</ref> np3ggprw3f1gvx7sfp4zb9a9mq5azx3 547957 547956 2024-11-28T22:27:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== Khyree Jackson, tare da wasu abokan karatunsa guda biyu, sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota a Upper Marlboro, Maryland, da sanyin safiyar ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2024, lokacin da wani direban ya yi yunkurin sauya layi cikin sauri ya buge biyu. ababan hawa, ciki har da wanda Jackson ya kasance fasinja. Ya kasance 24.<ref>https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/40507027</ref>'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa barasa na da hannu. 4e0pkf8r9xd3bhqwczwglicp68kd46r 547958 547957 2024-11-28T22:27:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== Khyree Jackson, tare da wasu abokan karatunsa guda biyu, sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota a Upper Marlboro, Maryland, da sanyin safiyar ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2024, lokacin da wani direban ya yi yunkurin sauya layi cikin sauri ya buge biyu. ababan hawa, ciki har da wanda Jackson ya kasance fasinja. Ya kasance 24.<ref>https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/40507027</ref>'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa barasa na da hannu.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/1-dead-another-injured-following-shooting-at-vigil-for-khyree-jackson-2-other-former-college-football-players-who-died-in-car-crash.html</ref> nc6ven90yw2fk6rh3tz28r1zp9yy0ij 547959 547958 2024-11-28T22:28:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Khyree Anthony Jackson''' (Agusta 11, 1999 - Yuli 6, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya taka leda a matsayin kusurwa.Ya buga kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Fort Scott Greyhounds, Alabama Crimson Tide da Oregon Ducks.Minnesota Vikings ne suka zabe shi a zagaye na hudu na daftarin 2024 NFL, amma ya mutu bayan watanni biyu a cikin wani hadarin mota. ==rayuwa da makarantar sakandare== An haifi Jackson a Washington, DC, ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1999,<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>ga Raymond da Ebbony Jackson.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/people-are-going-to-chase-their-goals-because-of-stories-like-khyrees-oregon-football-holds-vigil-for-former-cornerback-khyree-jackson.html</ref>A lokacin da yake da shekaru biyar, ya shiga tsere da filin wasa, inda ya ci gaba da buga kwallon kafa bayan shekaru biyu.<ref>https://www.preciousmemoriesfunerals.com/obituaries/Khyree-Anthony-Jackson?obId=32321505</ref>Bayan ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Springbrook a White Oak, Maryland, Jackson ya koma makarantar sakandaren Dr. Henry A. Wise Jr. a Upper Marlboro ta hanyar shekara ta biyu.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/highschools/prince-georges-county-football-notebook-khyree-jackson-adds-another-dimension-to-wises-budding-aerial-attack/2016/11/21/2dc49c56-b023-11e6-840f-e3ebab6bcdd3_story.html</ref>A cikin 2018, babban lokacinsa a Wise, Jackson ya yi liyafar 39 don yadudduka 612 da 12 touchdowns.Hikima ta tafi 14 – 0 kuma ta kama gasar zakarun jiha, tare da Jackson yana wasa mai karɓa da kuma kare baya.<ref>https://www.si.com/high-school/maryland/car-crash-claims-the-life-vikings-rookie-khyree-jackson-and-two-high-school-teammates-01j24dcpcf30</ref> ==Aikin koleji== '''Arizona Western''' Makila marasa galihu sun iyakance damar koleji na Jackson, kuma ya fara rajista a Kwalejin Yammacin Arizona.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref>Ya zama rashin gida kuma ya bar Arizona Western, ya koma Maryland kafin ya buga wasa don Matadors.<ref>https://www.al.com/sports/2024/07/khyree-jackson-i-know-my-seasons-going-to-be-dedicated-to-him-in-every-way-possible.html</ref>Yayin da yake zaune tare da iyayensa, Jackson ya ɗauki ayyuka a Six Flags America, Chipotle Mexican Grill, da Harris Teeter.Wani ɗan wasan NBA 2K mai ƙwazo, Jackson ya yi tunanin yin aiki a cikin jigilar kaya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5470103/2024/05/06/khyree-jackson-vikings-nfl-draft/</ref> '''Fort Scott CC''' Bayan samun imel daga kocin Kale Pick yana tambayar ko yana son ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji, Jackson ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Community na Fort Scott a 2019.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-cornerback-oregon</ref>Ko da yake an ɗauke shi a matsayin babban mai karɓa, Jackson ya fi sha'awar yin wasa a kusurwa, kuma ya shawo kan ma'aikatan horarwa don su bar shi ya canza matsayi a cikin kakar wasa.<ref>https://www.twincities.com/2024/04/27/the-incredible-journey-that-led-cornerback-khyree-jackson-to-the-vikings/</ref>A cikin kakarsa guda tare da Fort Scott Greyhounds, Jackson yana da tackles 25 da tsangwama guda uku, kuma nasarar ƙaramar kwalejin ya sami kulawa daga shirye-shiryen ƙwallon ƙafa na NCAA.<ref>"Remembering the Career of Oregon Football CB, Minnesota Vikings Rookie Khyree Jackson"</ref> '''East Mississippi CC''' Jackson ya koma Kwalejin Al'umma ta Gabas ta Mississippi don kakar 2020,amma an soke hakan saboda cutar ta COVID-19.<ref>https://www.vikings.com/news/khyree-jackson-nfl-draft-5-things-to-know</ref> '''Alabama''' A cikin 2021, an ba shi damar buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Division I a matsayin madadin Alabama Crimson Tide.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/player-development/talented-juco-db-khyree-jackson-signs-with-alabama-football</ref>Jackson ya fara aikinsa na farko a gasar cin kofin kasa ta 2021 da Georgia.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/12/01/khyree-jackson-alabama-football-transfer-portal-nick-saban-crimson-tide/69691975007/</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasan da tackle bakwai da tsallake-tsallake biyu.<ref>https://rolltidewire.usatoday.com/gallery/alabama-football-roster-defensive-back-khyree-jackson/</ref>A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2022, babban koci Nick Saban ya dakatar da Jackson saboda wasu dalilai da ba a bayyana ba.<ref>https://www.al.com/alabamafootball/2022/11/alabama-cornerback-once-a-starter-now-suspended-by-team.html</ref>Jackson ya kammala kakar wasa ta 2022 da takalmi bakwai tare da rashin nasara a wasanni tara kafin a dakatar da shi.<ref>https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/sports/college/football/2022/11/21/alabama-football-cb-khyree-jackson-suspended/69668044007/</ref>Bayan kammala kakar 2022, Jackson ya sanar da shawararsa ta shiga tashar NCAA don kammala aikinsa a wani wuri.<ref>https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/alabama-defensive-back-khyree-jackson-enters-ncaa-transfer-portal</ref> '''Oregon''' A ƙarshe Jackson ya yanke shawarar canzawa zuwa Ducks Oregon,<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2022/12/former-alabama-cornerback-khyree-jackson-commits-to-transfer-to-oregon-ducks.html</ref>tare da wanda ya bude kakar 2023 a matsayin farkon kusurwa.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2023/09/khyree-jackson-stepping-up-to-the-challenge-as-oregon-footballs-no-1-cornerback.html</ref>A lokacin kakar, Jackson yana da tsaka-tsaki guda uku, ƙetare bakwai, buhunan kwata-kwata biyu da takalmi 34.Don aikin sa, an kira Jackson Team First All Pac-12 don kakar 2023.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20231208183030/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/12/05/nix-wins-pac-12-offensive-player-year</ref> ===College statistics=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! rowspan="2"| Year ! colspan="2"| Games ! colspan="4"| Tackles ! colspan="6"| Interceptions ! colspan="4"| Fumbles |- ! GP !! GS !! Cmb !! Solo !! Ast !! Sck !! PD !! Int !! Yds !! Avg !! Lng !! TD !! FF !! FR !! Yds !! TD |- ! colspan="17" style="background-color:#5b122b;color:#808080;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #808080, inset -2px -2px 0 #808080;"| Fort Scott CC Greyhounds <small>(NJCAA)</small> |- | 2019 | 8 || 8 || 25 || 22 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 45 || 15.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Alabama Crimson Tide}}"| Alabama Crimson Tide |- | [[2021 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2021]] | 12 || 12 || 7 || 5 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | [[2022 Alabama Crimson Tide football team|2022]] | 9 || 9 || 7 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! colspan="17" style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Oregon Ducks}}"| Oregon Ducks |- | [[2023 Oregon Ducks football team|2023]] | 12 || 12 || 34 || 25 || 9 || 2 || 7 || 3 || 7 || 2.3 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |} ==mutuwa== Khyree Jackson, tare da wasu abokan karatunsa guda biyu, sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota a Upper Marlboro, Maryland, da sanyin safiyar ranar 6 ga Yuli, 2024, lokacin da wani direban ya yi yunkurin sauya layi cikin sauri ya buge biyu. ababan hawa, ciki har da wanda Jackson ya kasance fasinja. Ya kasance 24.<ref>https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/40507027</ref>'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa barasa na da hannu.<ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/ducks/2024/07/1-dead-another-injured-following-shooting-at-vigil-for-khyree-jackson-2-other-former-college-football-players-who-died-in-car-crash.html</ref> ==MANAZARTA== tfca3y95uqi4sbfms7mpbusan0vtrfp 0 88274 547960 2024-11-28T22:31:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956. 547960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956. ozuvpuiauoocxi0teqct74n43e9iwso 547963 547960 2024-11-28T22:32:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt. icf1wchq4a6dvb743mmji8tb5iitrab 547964 547963 2024-11-28T22:33:08Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya. foirtr816q0n0ji0oypoxzjiw5fc1sy 547965 547964 2024-11-28T22:33:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref> i8mgc1bu8hfwdfya200luhkzv677r8e 547967 547965 2024-11-28T22:34:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira. sdz5z76eef8wqi7bv4crjrtxh3xhd6v 547969 547967 2024-11-28T22:34:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. pb2ptgfkr8ua17i5c4mvgnq968rrbud 547970 547969 2024-11-28T22:35:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. 65onravmm72by93mlqjs00yz0zoojka 547972 547970 2024-11-28T22:36:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== ph3upg1pejp090p6pyfsclo52z65ety 547973 547972 2024-11-28T22:36:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547973 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu. 1eit5rxauit2zaidiyqjaeo2axgpcwg 547974 547973 2024-11-28T22:37:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa. rvrp7q2ssmakfbfvdiis7lk5c1qa13t 547975 547974 2024-11-28T22:38:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref> 6kg6g59m1cvgp9kxnh7lhp2rnug26t3 547976 547975 2024-11-28T22:38:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian. 1b4gczcsllrbtwwuglbxv7nq8ns1lig 547977 547976 2024-11-28T22:38:57Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref> awwmzgtzu772vct5psi3669xttt3wpu 547978 547977 2024-11-28T22:39:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis. 51xtcbskrehg1v8p1ghdf6t3oanykyh 547980 547978 2024-11-28T22:40:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> bw70rj8nccg24by4kzfkdsi7rj0jomx 547981 547980 2024-11-28T22:40:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis. emdnvpz3in9hqhmlw83v1lzorfneysn 547982 547981 2024-11-28T22:41:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref> 1qalhf95nkjq5j6tm975yddqvbouwkt 547983 547982 2024-11-28T22:41:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi. pggoofmmpja6nfesaubliv0hhqprs2t 547985 547983 2024-11-28T22:42:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne. kvfejoqybkkpawsbx8dphxknovo2jq9 547986 547985 2024-11-28T22:43:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> gr57awu4iv9gcw1mut7xmukhtp7x1i8 547987 547986 2024-11-28T22:43:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki. be4wx7bmeg9f8rhjygns7dvdrx003uz 547988 547987 2024-11-28T22:44:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> pp7d7q90hqqu10dq96z9n0wcgghhedz 547990 547988 2024-11-28T22:45:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== irrndi2i4g0e3k6a8w7ytp5jz1130vj 547991 547990 2024-11-28T22:45:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969. 198f6udv9isbjh0or8mc7r0ioilzhft 547992 547991 2024-11-28T22:46:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> 3r80un2dkxtqqdrjnotbrmv1duxxyj7 547993 547992 2024-11-28T22:47:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956. cha3je99m90yv8umoqb7zgq2ky4x34c 547994 547993 2024-11-28T22:47:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref> bu1l9rs7xq71ig71a4l742fhu2hsk65 547995 547994 2024-11-28T22:48:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt. sgikhiuijd58x891mltv0v8ooadfw9i 547996 547995 2024-11-28T22:49:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ljsvawao06sebw7xbed5rnc2b8cajst 547997 547996 2024-11-28T22:50:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar. 5ggsfuafqyekaw3y1tivh9v0smubwev 547998 547997 2024-11-28T22:50:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref> i4y7pogb1lisupgtgoamv3g70xue2oc 547999 547998 2024-11-28T22:51:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 547999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig. tq2m2m2x6ilvtgdlx1fvqdtvw2cy2zy 548001 547999 2024-11-28T22:52:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> fqstty2tfezmpc1cv4ypyh8tn2ko5o7 548002 548001 2024-11-28T22:52:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose. qaxupz1rn5w9ew3z21axa6t94mid680 548003 548002 2024-11-28T22:53:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955. 4geplztu5107of3cxgm49vctvs9qrch 548005 548003 2024-11-28T22:54:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart. h55t5elnvq2uw3ahig9ajdcpf8lrlwt 548006 548005 2024-11-28T22:54:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> pa2zkyc6i8tyr8ixfz4ep8kv9o45kxp 548007 548006 2024-11-28T22:55:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia. 12cgv116skpgtzc3nagxd1a6kkedmgu 548008 548007 2024-11-28T22:55:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> nnik7ii8lwtdpa16gicpilj7fztoxox 548120 548008 2024-11-29T07:27:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' 5w35vtsrdfewya3q8axjypnilcyqed3 548121 548120 2024-11-29T07:28:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia. nfa9xpd1wjvulf02xzjh6pjyeq8rju6 548122 548121 2024-11-29T07:28:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27). igmemno39ezlkdb0aokuhodoiznb9dk 548123 548122 2024-11-29T07:29:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup. rdbnrq3ljm3qitzxoj94od4bpjxf5u0 548124 548123 2024-11-29T07:30:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> o3aj9a00lr0bt2qzm2f0aejpvm1cgaw 548127 548124 2024-11-29T07:31:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' 36anomyvtj33jtm8geuk58zc1bjfz1b 548128 548127 2024-11-29T07:31:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971. do8mcyyn9ehq65hnxdm6d84jy7qgjrv 548130 548128 2024-11-29T07:32:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref> szoxml4pyjrh7od0iptj0jvna9xmq63 548132 548130 2024-11-29T07:32:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey. fopz0se2aevm99jfqk94sdunqcy9lzf 548133 548132 2024-11-29T07:33:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> ds0ky5fnibpqwkjxh2jdx6acryy5clq 548134 548133 2024-11-29T07:33:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005. fw4xhyx7ah95gk6kp7bmce0ju0tozgp 548135 548134 2024-11-29T07:34:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011. rv4f949m10svcgk326nblws03l1867o 548136 548135 2024-11-29T07:35:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> onafpydygj2g7hj7nqiugrjid7l0hpu 548137 548136 2024-11-29T07:36:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== sy3hojunr9jnhz2vzqntr84x6pvr60s 548138 548137 2024-11-29T07:37:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s. 0lrxc79u9z2bbfwa0r78hcdyg05m7dg 548139 548138 2024-11-29T07:37:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref> 8lwojncf6vh7wktfcihjnf99tzay6cw 548140 548139 2024-11-29T07:38:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans. 6zz2o58tpxdvtgqt1tjxcf1e3i1var1 548141 548140 2024-11-29T07:38:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> tge2j0kz8tedz9ey2cypglfl7hotpnm 548142 548141 2024-11-29T07:39:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point. r8jjpcns7q4kwn243qay4hn4hr00do9 548143 548142 2024-11-29T07:40:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point. 9t3nu9ki1a8ss4tdfnv1r3exxnkx44d 548144 548143 2024-11-29T07:40:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> 7tzwp1i5qn928wu7mp182avowoexslw 548145 548144 2024-11-29T07:41:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya. oof5uli9hd9m4etz2u1ssr0k2sxcy56 548149 548145 2024-11-29T08:17:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023. 7s03aicyg7gc4s9qhyai7e3hwovjpwn 548150 548149 2024-11-29T08:18:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> qupxi5z4zuq7b5m2oq76p68ic0lc3wr 548151 548150 2024-11-29T08:18:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100. bo3vv1wb7b1kam5ju3mkltucia5634u 548152 548151 2024-11-29T08:19:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ppkx5ymfiz3ds2iorsl030ppvhwpqk5 548153 548152 2024-11-29T08:19:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== 9q93smp87mauq24skmx6hxxdilyuxlz 548154 548153 2024-11-29T08:20:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== '''Singles: 5 (lakabi 2, masu tsere 3)''' 3q2y80ifl53zd88l6adrgwi9fqntdlm 548155 548154 2024-11-29T08:27:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== '''Singles: 5 (lakabi 2, masu tsere 3)''' ===Singles: 5 (2 titles, 3 runners-up)=== {| class='sortable wikitable' !style="width:40px"|Result !style="width:30px"|Year !style="width:150px"|Championship !style="width:50px"|Surface !style="width:150px"|Opponent !style="width:160px" class="unsortable"|Score |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1951 || [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Championships]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Frank Sedgman]] || 4–6, 1–6, 1–6 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || [[French Championships]] || Clay ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Ken Rosewall]] || 3–6, 4–6, 6–1, 2–6 |- style="background:#cfc;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1953 || [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Kurt Nielsen]] || 9–7, 6–3, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tony Trabert]] || 3–6, 2–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1954 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Rex Hartwig]] || 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 |} f19qtmgqovcbh5lcc1duyc04jg93se0 548156 548155 2024-11-29T08:29:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== ===Singles: 5 (2 titles, 3 runners-up)=== {| class='sortable wikitable' !style="width:40px"|Result !style="width:30px"|Year !style="width:150px"|Championship !style="width:50px"|Surface !style="width:150px"|Opponent !style="width:160px" class="unsortable"|Score |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1951 || [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Championships]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Frank Sedgman]] || 4–6, 1–6, 1–6 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || [[French Championships]] || Clay ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Ken Rosewall]] || 3–6, 4–6, 6–1, 2–6 |- style="background:#cfc;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1953 || [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Kurt Nielsen]] || 9–7, 6–3, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tony Trabert]] || 3–6, 2–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1954 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Rex Hartwig]] || 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 |} | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || [[Australian Open|Australian Championships]] ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 6–3, 6–2, 2–6, 3–6, 6–1 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || French Championships ||Clay|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Nicola Pietrangeli]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Orlando Sirola]] || 6–1, 4–6, 6–2, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1956 || U.S. Championships ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ham Richardson]] || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 2–6, 2–6, 6–3, 4–6 |} 9e2iy5vavlmxb9apcvc2mhapkq19kzc 548157 548156 2024-11-29T08:31:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== ===Singles: 5 (2 titles, 3 runners-up)=== {| class='sortable wikitable' !style="width:40px"|Result !style="width:30px"|Year !style="width:150px"|Championship !style="width:50px"|Surface !style="width:150px"|Opponent !style="width:160px" class="unsortable"|Score |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1951 || [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Championships]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Frank Sedgman]] || 4–6, 1–6, 1–6 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || [[French Championships]] || Clay ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Ken Rosewall]] || 3–6, 4–6, 6–1, 2–6 |- style="background:#cfc;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1953 || [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Kurt Nielsen]] || 9–7, 6–3, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tony Trabert]] || 3–6, 2–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1954 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Rex Hartwig]] || 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 |} | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || [[Australian Open|Australian Championships]] ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 6–3, 6–2, 2–6, 3–6, 6–1 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || French Championships ||Clay|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Nicola Pietrangeli]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Orlando Sirola]] || 6–1, 4–6, 6–2, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1956 || U.S. Championships ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ham Richardson]] || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 2–6, 2–6, 6–3, 4–6 |} | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1967 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles|2R]] | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1968 US Open – Men's singles|2R]] | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1969 US Open – Men's singles|1R]] | 1 / 28 | 75–27 | 73.5 |- style="background:#efefef" |style="text-align:left;" |'''Win–loss''' | 1–1 || 2–1 || 1–1 || 0–0 || 1–1 || 0–0 || 1–1 || 3–1 || 3–1 || 0–1 | 11–3 || 6–1 || 7–2 || 22–3 || 16–3 || 10–4 || 10–2 || 8–2 || 4–1 | 3–1 || 3–1 || 2–1 || 3–1 || 2–1 || 3–1 || 3–1 || 1–1 || 2–2 || 1–1 || 0–2 | bgcolor=efefef |'''2 / 44''' | bgcolor=efefef |'''129–42''' | bgcolor=efefef |'''75.4''' |- |} </div> fdhxqfnicaqaq398ppyrs7r6mosx670 548158 548157 2024-11-29T08:32:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elias Victor Seixas Jr.''' (Agusta 30, 1923 - Yuli 5, 2024) ɗan wasan tennis ne na Amurka. An sanya Seixas a cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka a lokuta 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 mai son a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking, daya tabo gaba Savitt.A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya zama Seixas na 3 a duniya. A cikin 1954, Harry Hopman ya zama Seixas a matsayin mai son lamba ɗaya.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49290139/</ref>A cikin aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe manyan gasa 15. Ya lashe duka Wimbledon da US Open a cikin 'yan gudun hijira.Ya kuma ci gasar Australian Open, da French Open (sau biyu), da US Open (sau biyu) a biyu, da French Open, Wimbledon (sau hudu), da US Open (sau uku) a gauraye biyu. An shigar da Seixas a cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Duniya, Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey na Fame, Gidan Fame na Wasanni na Philadelphia, da Babban Babban Taron Taro na Kudancin. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Seixas a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 1923 a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ga Anna Victoria (née Moon), wacce ta kasance daga zuriyar Irish, da Elias Victor Seixas, wanda aka haife shi a Jamhuriyar Dominican, na zuriyar Dutch-Yahudu.An ruwaito shi Bayahude ne daga majiyoyi da yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=MPC3AAAAIAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+jewish</ref>amma ya tashi Presbyterian.<ref>https://www.inquirer.com/sports/go-fund-me-campaign-philly-tennis-star-vic-seixas-20191002.html</ref>Ya halarci kuma ya sauke karatu daga makarantar William Penn Charter, inda ya kasance tauraron wasan tennis.<ref>"x". Reading Eagle. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2013.</ref> Seixas ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi a rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Air Corps a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu na tsawon shekaru uku, wanda ya katse masa wasan tennis.<ref>http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.chipsi.org/resource/collection/d1f4adee-606d-4391-9a33-a4ce08e87c65/A_Tradition_of_Excellence.pdf?hhSearchTerms=Spencer+and+song</ref>Daga nan ya halarci Jami'ar North Carolina a Chapel Hill, inda ya kasance memba na Alpha Sigma na ƙungiyar Chi Psi.Ya kasance 63 – 3 a UNC, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 1948 da gasar zakarun sau biyu a 1949, kuma Ba-Amurke ne.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref>Ya kammala karatunsa a 1949, a shekarar da UNC ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Patterson, lambar yabo mafi girma a makarantar a fagen wasannin motsa jiki.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2013/7/8/208617462</ref> ==Aikin wasan tennis== A tsawon tsawon aikinsa, Seixas ya lashe kofuna guda biyu, da guda biyu, da gauraye biyun lakabi. Ya shiga gasar tseren maza ta Amurka sau 28 daga 1940 zuwa 1969.<ref>co.nf". www.tennis.co.nf. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2017.</ref> Seixas ya kasance cikin manyan goma a cikin Amurka sau 13 daga 1942 zuwa 1956.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=sjRaAAAAYAAJ&q=%22vic+seixas%22+%22top+ten%22+thirteen</ref>A 1951, Seixas aka ranked No. 4 a duniya, biyu spots kasa Dick Savitt, yayin da ya kasance No. 1 a US ranking (a ranking shi kuma gudanar a 1954 da kuma 1957), daya tabo gaba Savitt.<ref>Baltzell, E. Digby (2013). Sporting Gentlemen: Menâs Tennis from the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412851800. Archived from the original on August 30, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref>A cikin 1953, Lance Tingay ya kasance Seixas a matsayi na 3 a duniya kuma an ba da shi a matsayin na 1 a duniya a cikin Eagle Reading a wannan shekarar.<ref>Seixas Tests Shea in Eastern Tennis", Reading Eagle, August 6, 1953.</ref>Manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da Wimbledon a 1953 akan Kurt Nielsen (inda nasarar da ya samu shine takardar shaidar £25 don ciyarwa a wani shago a Piccadilly Circus) da US National (U.S. Open) a 1954 akan Rex Hartwig.<ref>https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/08/vic-seixas-oldest-living-grand-slam-champ.html</ref> Seixas kuma ya kasance mai nasara mai ninka biyu da gauraya mai kunnawa. A cikin 1952, ya lashe gasar cin kofin Amurka tare da Mervyn Rose.A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, ya kulla kawance mai nasara tare da Tony Trabert, inda ya lashe gasar Faransa da Amurka ta 1954, da kuma Gasar Australiya da Faransa ta 1955.Bugu da ƙari, sun ci mahimmiyar maki na uku a gasar cin kofin Davis ta 1954 a kan Ostiraliya. Seixas ya lashe kambi biyu a jere a Wimbledon daga 1953 zuwa 1956, uku na farko tare da Doris Hart da na hudu tare da Shirley Fry; Ƙasar Amurka ta haɗe daga 1953 zuwa 1955, duk tare da Doris Hart; Gasar Faransa ta gauraye biyu a 1953 tare da Doris Hart.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> A cikin 1966, yana ɗan shekara 42, Seixas ya buga wasanni 94 sama da sa'o'i huɗu don kayar da Bill Bowrey ɗan Australiya mai shekaru 22, 32–34, 6–4, 10–8 a Gasar Cin Kofin Grass na 1966 Philadelphia.<ref>https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/vic-seixas/</ref> '''Davis Cup''' Seixas da Trabert sun lashe Kofin Davis a 1954, da Australia.An kima Seixas a matsayi na biyar a cikin mafi yawan wasannin Davis Cup Singles (24), a bayan Bill Tilden (25) da Arthur Ashe (27).Ya yi aiki sau uku a matsayin Kyaftin na ƙungiyar Davis Cup ta Amurka. Ya kasance 38-17 a rayuwa a cikin wasannin Davis Cup.<ref>"Victor Seixas". International Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2020.</ref> '''Zauren Fame''' An shigar da Seixas a cikin Zauren Tennis na Duniya na Fame a cikin 1971.<ref>http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/vic-seixas</ref>An kuma shigar da shi cikin Babban Gidan Wasan Tennis na Kasa na Blue Grey.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073621/http://www.bluegraytennis.com/halloffame.htm</ref> An shigar da Seixas cikin Class II na Dandalin Wasannin Wasanni na Philadelphia a cikin 2005.An shigar da shi cikin dakin taro na Kudancin Kudancin a cikin 2011.<ref>W, Tim (2014). Gone Pro: North Carolina: Tar Heel Stars Who Became Pros. Clerisy Press. ISBN 9781578605460. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2020 – via Google Books.</ref> ==Bayan ritayar wasan tennis== Seixas ya kasance dillalin hannun jari daga ƙarshen 1950s har zuwa farkon 1970s.<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/coffey-tennis-forgotten-champions-article-1.1925707</ref>Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan wasan tennis na Greenbrier Resort a White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia da kuma otal Hilton a New Orleans.<ref>https://www.welt.de/sport/tennis/plus168478708/Der-vergessene-Champion-der-Tennis-Geschichte.html</ref> Ya koma California a cikin 1989, inda ya zauna a Mill Valley kuma ya kafa shirin wasan tennis a Harbour Point Racquet da Club Beach a Mill Valley (Marin County), wanda yanzu ake kira The Club a Harbor Point.A cikin 1998, ya kasa yin wasan tennis saboda gwiwowinsa, ya zaɓi ya zama mashaya a Harbour Point.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/seixas-the-humble-champion-recalls-his-crowning-jewel-111004.html</ref> Bayan shekaru da yawa yana mashaya da kuma taimakawa da ayyukan gaban tebur na kulob din, ya yi ritaya.Seixas shine zakaran tseren Singles na Grand Slam mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma mafi tsufa memba na Zauren Tennis na Fame, wanda ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 30 ga Agusta, 2023.<ref>https://goheels.com/news/2023/8/30/mens-tennis-happy-100th-birthday-vic-seixas.aspx</ref> Seixas ya mutu a gidansa a Mill Valley a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 100.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/sports/tennis/vic-seixas-dead.html</ref> ==Gasar karshe ta Grand Slam== ===Singles: 5 (2 titles, 3 runners-up)=== {| class='sortable wikitable' !style="width:40px"|Result !style="width:30px"|Year !style="width:150px"|Championship !style="width:50px"|Surface !style="width:150px"|Opponent !style="width:160px" class="unsortable"|Score |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1951 || [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Championships]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Frank Sedgman]] || 4–6, 1–6, 1–6 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || [[French Championships]] || Clay ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Ken Rosewall]] || 3–6, 4–6, 6–1, 2–6 |- style="background:#cfc;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1953 || [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]] || Grass ||{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Kurt Nielsen]] || 9–7, 6–3, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1953 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tony Trabert]] || 3–6, 2–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1954 || U.S. Championships || Grass ||{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Rex Hartwig]] || 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 |} | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || [[Australian Open|Australian Championships]] ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 6–3, 6–2, 2–6, 3–6, 6–1 |- style="background:#ebc2af;" | style="background:#98fb98;"|Win ||1955 || French Championships ||Clay|| {{flagicon|USA}} Tony Trabert || {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Nicola Pietrangeli]]<br />{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Orlando Sirola]] || 6–1, 4–6, 6–2, 6–4 |- style="background:#ccf;" | style="background:#ffa07a;"|Loss ||1956 || U.S. Championships ||Grass|| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ham Richardson]] || {{flagicon|AUS}} Lew Hoad<br />{{flagicon|AUS}} Ken Rosewall|| 2–6, 2–6, 6–3, 4–6 |} | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1967 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles|2R]] | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1968 US Open – Men's singles|2R]] | style="background:#afeeee;"|[[1969 US Open – Men's singles|1R]] | 1 / 28 | 75–27 | 73.5 |- style="background:#efefef" |style="text-align:left;" |'''Win–loss''' | 1–1 || 2–1 || 1–1 || 0–0 || 1–1 || 0–0 || 1–1 || 3–1 || 3–1 || 0–1 | 11–3 || 6–1 || 7–2 || 22–3 || 16–3 || 10–4 || 10–2 || 8–2 || 4–1 | 3–1 || 3–1 || 2–1 || 3–1 || 2–1 || 3–1 || 3–1 || 1–1 || 2–2 || 1–1 || 0–2 | bgcolor=efefef |'''2 / 44''' | bgcolor=efefef |'''129–42''' | bgcolor=efefef |'''75.4''' |- |} </div> ==MANAZARTA== 51x9qa7mcan8n8sr5ajrv80jr0phfs7 2 88275 548082 2024-11-29T04:11:14Z Sahabikamar0007 32504 Sabon shafi: Ni Ɗan Najeriya[[File:Animated-Flag-Nigeria.gif|90x90px]]Ne{{#Babel:ha|en-gb-4|ha-5|en-4|ha-N}} Sahabi Muh'd Hassan, sunan amfani a wiki '''Sahabi0007''' Ni mutum ne mai sha'awar Bincike da kuma Yanar Gizo. Na ci karo da Wikipedia a dalilin bincike na kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu bada gudunmawa na sa kai a cikin Wikipedia dama sauran Ƴan uwan Wikipedia. Ni likita ne mai bincike da aka buga a halin yanzu a Indiya a baya ina cikin Habasha. Ni Wikipedian ne wanda ke ba da gudum... 548082 wikitext text/x-wiki Ni Ɗan Najeriya[[File:Animated-Flag-Nigeria.gif|90x90px]]Ne{{#Babel:ha|en-gb-4|ha-5|en-4|ha-N}} Sahabi Muh'd Hassan, sunan amfani a wiki '''Sahabi0007''' Ni mutum ne mai sha'awar Bincike da kuma Yanar Gizo. Na ci karo da Wikipedia a dalilin bincike na kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu bada gudunmawa na sa kai a cikin Wikipedia dama sauran Ƴan uwan Wikipedia. Ni likita ne mai bincike da aka buga a halin yanzu a Indiya a baya ina cikin Habasha. Ni Wikipedian ne wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga hausa wikipedia ta hanyar yin shafukan shahararrun likitocin Indiya ko masana falsafa da kungiyoyi. ft4unn3yt4n2clz2e9n5lmyt6pubtwo 0 88277 548125 2024-11-29T07:30:25Z Smshika 14840 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1258157736|Infanta Sofía of Spain]]" 548125 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Infanta Sofía na Spain''' ({{Lang|es|Sofía de Todos los Santos de Borbón y Ortiz}}; an haife ta 29 ga Afrilu 2007)memba ce ta [[Gidan sarauta na Spain]]. Ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia <ref>{{Cite web |last=Felipe VI |author-link=Felipe VI |title=Su Alteza Real la Infanta Doña Sofía |url=http://www.casareal.es/ES/FamiliaReal/InfantaSofia/Paginas/subhome.aspx |access-date=12 December 2014 |website=[[Casa de Su Majestad el Rey de España]] |language=es}}</ref> kuma, saboda haka, ita ce ta biyu a cikin layin maye gurbin kursiyin Mutanen Espanya a bayan 'yar'uwarta, Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias . An haifi Sofía a asibitin kasa da kasa na Ruber a Madrid a lokacin mulkin kakanta, Sarki Juan Carlos I. Ta sami ilimi iri ɗaya da 'yar'uwarta, tana karatu a makarantar Santa María de los Rosales kuma, a cikin 2023, ta fara karatun Baccalaureate na Duniya a Kwalejin UWC Atlantic a [[Wales]], Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko da iyali == An haifi Infanta Sofía a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2007 da karfe 16:50 (CET) a asibitin Ruber International a [[Madrid]] ta hanyar Sashe na caesarean, kwana biyu bayan ranar da aka yi. Kamar 'yar uwarta, dangin sarauta sun sanar da haihuwarta ga manema labarai ta hanyar SMS. An sanar da cewa za a aika da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwaya zuwa bankin mai zaman kansa na Turai a Belgium da kuma na jama'ar Mutanen Espanya. Iyayen, sannan [[Felipe na shida|Yarima]] da Gimbiya ta Asturias, sun yi haka tare da sel na Leonor: an kai su wani cibiyar masu zaman kansu a Arizona, wanda ya haifar da gardama a Spain. Ta karbi tarayya ta farko a ranar 17 ga Mayu 2017 a Ikklisiya ta Asunción de Nuestra Señora, kuma iyayenta, 'yar'uwarta, kakanninta, kakanninsa Menchu Álvarez del Valle, kakanninsu Ana Togores, da kuma mahaifinta Konstantin-Assen na Bulgaria, Yarima na Vidin sun kasance tare da ita.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=15 May 2017 |title=Todos los detalles de la Comunión de la Infanta Sofía |url=https://www.semana.es/todos-los-detalles-la-comunion-la-infanta-sofia-20170515-00955338/ |url-status=dead |journal=[[Semana]] |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621221206/https://www.semana.es/todos-los-detalles-la-comunion-la-infanta-sofia-20170515-00955338/ |archive-date=21 June 2018 |access-date=23 April 2018}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Mayu 2023, ta karbi sacrament na tabbatarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-25 |title=La infanta Sofía recibe la confirmación junto a los Reyes, su hermana Leonor y sus abuelos, pero con la ausencia de Juan Carlos |url=https://elpais.com/gente/2023-05-25/la-infanta-sofia-recibe-la-confirmacion-junto-a-los-reyes-su-hermana-leonor-y-sus-abuelos-pero-con-la-ausencia-de-juan-carlos.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> == Ilimi == Kamar 'yar'uwarta, a shekara ta 2009, Sofía ta fara karatunta a Escuela Infantil Guardia Real, wurin kula da yara na Royal Guard na Spain.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-15 |title=La infanta Sofía comenzará a ir a la Escuela Infantil de la Guardia Real en septiembre |url=https://www.hola.com/realeza/casa_espanola/200907159382/infanta/sofia/guarderia/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=HOLA |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Satumba 2010, ta fara shekara ta farko ta makarantar firamare a makarantar Santa María de los Rosales da ke Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-26 |title=La infanta Sofía termina el colegio y empieza la cuenta atrás para su nueva vida en Gales: así ha sido su evolución |url=https://www.elespanol.com/corazon/casas-reales/20230626/infanta-sofia-termina-colegio-empieza-cuenta-nueva-vida-gales-evolucion/773422902_0.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=El Español |language=es}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2023, ta fara karatun shirin Baccalaureate na kasa da kasa na shekaru 2 a Kwalejin UWC Atlantic a cikin Vale na Glamorgan, [[Wales]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=de los Ríos |first=Elena |date=29 August 2023 |title=La infanta Sofía se marcha a Gales con un incierto futuro por delante: dos años para definir su camino y su papel en la Casa Real |url=https://www.mujerhoy.com/celebrities/realeza/infanta-sofia-internado-gales-bachillerato-polemica-futuro-trabajo-casa-real-leonor-20230829081316-nt_amp.html |access-date=29 August 2023 |website=Mujerhoy |language=Spanish}}</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Fiesta_Nacional_de_España_2014.jpg|thumb|Infanta Sofía (hagu), tare da danginta na sarauta da sauran hukumomi a bikin Ranar Kasa a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2014.]] A matsayinta na Infanta na Spain, ya zama ruwan dare a gan ta a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na hukuma tare da iyayenta da 'yar'uwarta, kamar bude majalisar dokoki, bikin Ranar Kasa ko Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias da Gimbiya na Girona. A lokacin da take da shekaru 3, ta halarci taron ta na farko, liyafar hukuma a Fadar Sarauta a lokacin nasarar tawagar kwallon kafa ta Spain a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-07-12 |title=Los Reyes han recibido a los campeones del mundo en el Palacio Real |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/futbol/20100712/53962768867/los-reyes-han-recibido-a-los-campeones-del-mundo-en-el-palacio-real.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=La Vanguardia |language=es}}</ref> A zahiri, a cikin 2021 ne lokacin da Infanta Sofía da Princess Leonor suka shiga aikin hadin gwiwa na farko su kaɗai ba tare da iyayensu ba, suna wakiltar kamfen ɗin "A Tree for Europe" na ƙungiyar matasa ta Turai Equipo Europa . Yayinda 'yar'uwarta ke karatu a kasashen waje, ta dauki mataki na tsakiya ta hanyar bin iyayenta zuwa abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban, kamar su 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-08 |title=La princesa Leonor causa baja en la Fiesta Nacional y la infanta Sofía se llevará todo el protagonismo |url=https://www.lecturas.com/actualidad/casas-reales/princesa-leonor-causa-baja-fiesta-nacional-y-arrastra-a-su-hermana-sofia_108988 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Lecturas |language=es}}</ref> da 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=La Princesa Leonor falla por segundo año al día de la Hispanidad con la vista puesta en su gran reaparición |url=https://www.elmundo.es/loc/casa-real/2022/10/07/63401a5ffc6c833b0b8b459e.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=ELMUNDO |language=es}}</ref> Ranar Kasa ko kuma wasan karshe na Copa del Rey na 2023 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mora |first=Ángela |date=2023-05-06 |title=La infanta Sofía, con don Felipe en el fútbol: sola con su padre en un acto oficial, siete años después |url=https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2023-05-06/infanta-sofia-don-felipe-futbol-copa-del-rey_3624457/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=vanitatis.elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref> On 16 July 2022, she accompanied her sister Leonor in her first international trip. Both royals traveled alone to support the Spanish women's national football team, which was playing for a place in the quarterfinals of the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 against Denmark.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-16 |title=Princess Leonor and Infanta Sofía support Spain in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 |url=https://www.hola.com/us/royals/20220716334902/princess-leonor-infanta-sofia-support-spain-uefa-womens-euro-2022-1/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=HOLA |language=en-US}}</ref> A ƙarshe watan Agustan 2023, ta yi tafiya tare da mahaifiyarta, [[Spain women's national football team|Spain]]" id="mwdQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Queen Letizia of Spain">Sarauniya Letizia, zuwa [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] don ganin wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2023 tsakanin Spain da Ingila. Sarauniya da Infanta sun ba da kyautar ga Zakarun Duniya, Spain, kuma sun yi bikin tare da su a filin wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=https://www.facebook.com/peoplemag |title=Queen Letizia and Princess Sofia of Spain Celebrate World Cup Win on the Field with Team: 'Champions!' |url=https://people.com/queen-letizia-spain-celebrates-world-cup-final-field-team-princess-sofia-best-photos-7693380 |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=Peoplemag |language=en}}</ref> A kaikaice, wannan ya jawo zargi ga dangin sarauta na Burtaniya saboda rashin halartar taron.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khalil |first=Hafsa |date=2023-08-20 |title=Spanish queen celebrates side's World Cup victory as British royals stay home |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/20/football/womens-world-cup-final-spain-queen-letizia-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-21 |title=Royal family 'should definitely' have attended World Cup final, says Sir Geoff Hurst |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/prince-william-world-cup-final-geoff-hurst-b2396494.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024, Patrimonio Nacional ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta zama mai kula da gasar daukar hoto.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Objetivo Patrimonio": S.A.R. La Infanta Sofía amadrina el nuevo concurso de fotografía de Patrimonio Nacional |url=https://www.patrimonionacional.es/en/node/8589}}</ref> Gasar daukar hoto tana da niyyar nuna kyawawan Spain. Za ta ba da kyaututtuka a watan Nuwamba. Wannan alama ce ta farko da ta yi don kambin Spain kuma mutane da yawa sun sami babban martani. == Taken da kuma salon == Tun lokacin da aka haife ta, Sofía ta kasance Infanta na Spain, tare da salon Royal Highness . Kodayake tana da irin wannan mutunci da matsayi a matsayin Yarima, Sofia ba ta riƙe taken sarauniya, saboda a Spain kawai ana ba da izinin magajin kambin ɗaukar wannan taken. Cikakken taken Sofía shine: Sarautar Sarauta Infanta Doña Sofia . <ref>{{Cite web |last=[[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Ministry of Justice]] |title=Royal Decree 1368/1987, of November 6, on the regime of titles, treatments and honors of the Royal Family and the Regents. |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1987-25284 |access-date=13 May 2019 |website=www.boe.es |pages=33717 |language=es}}</ref> == Dubi kuma ==   * Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias * Siyasa ta Spain == manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.casareal.es/ES/FamiliaReal/InfantaSofia/Paginas/subhome.aspx}} {{Clear}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1gu9labu4ajddiba7t1bkkmsyqbcl7s 548126 548125 2024-11-29T07:31:06Z Smshika 14840 548126 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} '''Infanta Sofía na Spain''' ({{Lang|es|Sofía de Todos los Santos de Borbón y Ortiz}}; an haife ta 29 ga Afrilu 2007)memba ce ta [[Gidan sarauta na Spain]]. Ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Sarki Felipe VI da Sarauniya Letizia <ref>{{Cite web |last=Felipe VI |author-link=Felipe VI |title=Su Alteza Real la Infanta Doña Sofía |url=http://www.casareal.es/ES/FamiliaReal/InfantaSofia/Paginas/subhome.aspx |access-date=12 December 2014 |website=[[Casa de Su Majestad el Rey de España]] |language=es}}</ref> kuma, saboda haka, ita ce ta biyu a cikin layin maye gurbin kursiyin Mutanen Espanya a bayan 'yar'uwarta, Leonor, Gimbiya ta Asturias . An haifi Sofía a asibitin kasa da kasa na Ruber a Madrid a lokacin mulkin kakanta, Sarki Juan Carlos I. Ta sami ilimi iri ɗaya da 'yar'uwarta, tana karatu a makarantar Santa María de los Rosales kuma, a cikin 2023, ta fara karatun Baccalaureate na Duniya a Kwalejin UWC Atlantic a [[Wales]], Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko da iyali == An haifi Infanta Sofía a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2007 da karfe 16:50 (CET) a asibitin Ruber International a [[Madrid]] ta hanyar Sashe na caesarean, kwana biyu bayan ranar da aka yi. Kamar 'yar uwarta, dangin sarauta sun sanar da haihuwarta ga manema labarai ta hanyar SMS. An sanar da cewa za a aika da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwaya zuwa bankin mai zaman kansa na Turai a Belgium da kuma na jama'ar Mutanen Espanya. Iyayen, sannan [[Felipe na shida|Yarima]] da Gimbiya ta Asturias, sun yi haka tare da sel na Leonor: an kai su wani cibiyar masu zaman kansu a Arizona, wanda ya haifar da gardama a Spain. Ta karbi tarayya ta farko a ranar 17 ga Mayu 2017 a Ikklisiya ta Asunción de Nuestra Señora, kuma iyayenta, 'yar'uwarta, kakanninta, kakanninsa Menchu Álvarez del Valle, kakanninsu Ana Togores, da kuma mahaifinta Konstantin-Assen na Bulgaria, Yarima na Vidin sun kasance tare da ita.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=15 May 2017 |title=Todos los detalles de la Comunión de la Infanta Sofía |url=https://www.semana.es/todos-los-detalles-la-comunion-la-infanta-sofia-20170515-00955338/ |url-status=dead |journal=[[Semana]] |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621221206/https://www.semana.es/todos-los-detalles-la-comunion-la-infanta-sofia-20170515-00955338/ |archive-date=21 June 2018 |access-date=23 April 2018}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Mayu 2023, ta karbi sacrament na tabbatarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-25 |title=La infanta Sofía recibe la confirmación junto a los Reyes, su hermana Leonor y sus abuelos, pero con la ausencia de Juan Carlos |url=https://elpais.com/gente/2023-05-25/la-infanta-sofia-recibe-la-confirmacion-junto-a-los-reyes-su-hermana-leonor-y-sus-abuelos-pero-con-la-ausencia-de-juan-carlos.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> == Ilimi == Kamar 'yar'uwarta, a shekara ta 2009, Sofía ta fara karatunta a Escuela Infantil Guardia Real, wurin kula da yara na Royal Guard na Spain.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-15 |title=La infanta Sofía comenzará a ir a la Escuela Infantil de la Guardia Real en septiembre |url=https://www.hola.com/realeza/casa_espanola/200907159382/infanta/sofia/guarderia/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=HOLA |language=es}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Satumba 2010, ta fara shekara ta farko ta makarantar firamare a makarantar Santa María de los Rosales da ke Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-26 |title=La infanta Sofía termina el colegio y empieza la cuenta atrás para su nueva vida en Gales: así ha sido su evolución |url=https://www.elespanol.com/corazon/casas-reales/20230626/infanta-sofia-termina-colegio-empieza-cuenta-nueva-vida-gales-evolucion/773422902_0.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=El Español |language=es}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2023, ta fara karatun shirin Baccalaureate na kasa da kasa na shekaru 2 a Kwalejin UWC Atlantic a cikin Vale na Glamorgan, [[Wales]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=de los Ríos |first=Elena |date=29 August 2023 |title=La infanta Sofía se marcha a Gales con un incierto futuro por delante: dos años para definir su camino y su papel en la Casa Real |url=https://www.mujerhoy.com/celebrities/realeza/infanta-sofia-internado-gales-bachillerato-polemica-futuro-trabajo-casa-real-leonor-20230829081316-nt_amp.html |access-date=29 August 2023 |website=Mujerhoy |language=Spanish}}</ref> == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Fiesta_Nacional_de_España_2014.jpg|thumb|Infanta Sofía (hagu), tare da danginta na sarauta da sauran hukumomi a bikin Ranar Kasa a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2014.]] A matsayinta na Infanta na Spain, ya zama ruwan dare a gan ta a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na hukuma tare da iyayenta da 'yar'uwarta, kamar bude majalisar dokoki, bikin Ranar Kasa ko Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias da Gimbiya na Girona. A lokacin da take da shekaru 3, ta halarci taron ta na farko, liyafar hukuma a Fadar Sarauta a lokacin nasarar tawagar kwallon kafa ta Spain a gasar cin Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-07-12 |title=Los Reyes han recibido a los campeones del mundo en el Palacio Real |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/futbol/20100712/53962768867/los-reyes-han-recibido-a-los-campeones-del-mundo-en-el-palacio-real.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=La Vanguardia |language=es}}</ref> A zahiri, a cikin 2021 ne lokacin da Infanta Sofía da Princess Leonor suka shiga aikin hadin gwiwa na farko su kaɗai ba tare da iyayensu ba, suna wakiltar kamfen ɗin "A Tree for Europe" na ƙungiyar matasa ta Turai Equipo Europa . Yayinda 'yar'uwarta ke karatu a kasashen waje, ta dauki mataki na tsakiya ta hanyar bin iyayenta zuwa abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban, kamar su 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-08 |title=La princesa Leonor causa baja en la Fiesta Nacional y la infanta Sofía se llevará todo el protagonismo |url=https://www.lecturas.com/actualidad/casas-reales/princesa-leonor-causa-baja-fiesta-nacional-y-arrastra-a-su-hermana-sofia_108988 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Lecturas |language=es}}</ref> da 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=La Princesa Leonor falla por segundo año al día de la Hispanidad con la vista puesta en su gran reaparición |url=https://www.elmundo.es/loc/casa-real/2022/10/07/63401a5ffc6c833b0b8b459e.html |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=ELMUNDO |language=es}}</ref> Ranar Kasa ko kuma wasan karshe na Copa del Rey na 2023 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mora |first=Ángela |date=2023-05-06 |title=La infanta Sofía, con don Felipe en el fútbol: sola con su padre en un acto oficial, siete años después |url=https://www.vanitatis.elconfidencial.com/casas-reales/2023-05-06/infanta-sofia-don-felipe-futbol-copa-del-rey_3624457/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=vanitatis.elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref> On 16 July 2022, she accompanied her sister Leonor in her first international trip. Both royals traveled alone to support the Spanish women's national football team, which was playing for a place in the quarterfinals of the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 against Denmark.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-16 |title=Princess Leonor and Infanta Sofía support Spain in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 |url=https://www.hola.com/us/royals/20220716334902/princess-leonor-infanta-sofia-support-spain-uefa-womens-euro-2022-1/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=HOLA |language=en-US}}</ref> A ƙarshe watan Agustan 2023, ta yi tafiya tare da mahaifiyarta, [[Spain women's national football team|Spain]]" id="mwdQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Queen Letizia of Spain">Sarauniya Letizia, zuwa [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] don ganin wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta Mata ta FIFA ta 2023 tsakanin Spain da Ingila. Sarauniya da Infanta sun ba da kyautar ga Zakarun Duniya, Spain, kuma sun yi bikin tare da su a filin wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=https://www.facebook.com/peoplemag |title=Queen Letizia and Princess Sofia of Spain Celebrate World Cup Win on the Field with Team: 'Champions!' |url=https://people.com/queen-letizia-spain-celebrates-world-cup-final-field-team-princess-sofia-best-photos-7693380 |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=Peoplemag |language=en}}</ref> A kaikaice, wannan ya jawo zargi ga dangin sarauta na Burtaniya saboda rashin halartar taron.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khalil |first=Hafsa |date=2023-08-20 |title=Spanish queen celebrates side's World Cup victory as British royals stay home |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/20/football/womens-world-cup-final-spain-queen-letizia-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-21 |title=Royal family 'should definitely' have attended World Cup final, says Sir Geoff Hurst |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/prince-william-world-cup-final-geoff-hurst-b2396494.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2024, Patrimonio Nacional ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta zama mai kula da gasar daukar hoto.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Objetivo Patrimonio": S.A.R. La Infanta Sofía amadrina el nuevo concurso de fotografía de Patrimonio Nacional |url=https://www.patrimonionacional.es/en/node/8589}}</ref> Gasar daukar hoto tana da niyyar nuna kyawawan Spain. Za ta ba da kyaututtuka a watan Nuwamba. Wannan alama ce ta farko da ta yi don kambin Spain kuma mutane da yawa sun sami babban martani. == Taken da kuma salon == Tun lokacin da aka haife ta, Sofía ta kasance Infanta na Spain, tare da salon Royal Highness . Kodayake tana da irin wannan mutunci da matsayi a matsayin Yarima, Sofia ba ta riƙe taken sarauniya, saboda a Spain kawai ana ba da izinin magajin kambin ɗaukar wannan taken. Cikakken taken Sofía shine: Sarautar Sarauta Infanta Doña Sofia . <ref>{{Cite web |last=[[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Ministry of Justice]] |title=Royal Decree 1368/1987, of November 6, on the regime of titles, treatments and honors of the Royal Family and the Regents. |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1987-25284 |access-date=13 May 2019 |website=www.boe.es |pages=33717 |language=es}}</ref> == Dubi kuma ==   * Kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias * Siyasa ta Spain == manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.casareal.es/ES/FamiliaReal/InfantaSofia/Paginas/subhome.aspx}} {{Clear}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] d88w581iqrf25d2rxa9mptwu0rxzyw6 0 88278 548146 2024-11-29T07:52:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 548146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yankin Ƙauyen Baghestan (Ƙasar Bavanat)''' (Farisi: دهستان باغستان)<ref>‹The template IranNCSGN is being considered for deletion.› Iranian National Committee for Standardization of Geographical Names website (in Persian) [dead link]</ref> yana cikin tsakiyar gundumar Bavanat, lardin Fars, Iran.<ref>Habibi, Hassan (c. 2022) [Approved 21 July 1374]. Divisional reforms in Fars province. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Political and Defense Commission of the Government Board. Proposal 1.42.3703; Notification 9116/T14125K. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2024 – via Martyrdom of Imam Ali (AS) Research Center of the Islamic Council.</ref> Babban birninta shine ƙauyen Jeshniya.<ref>Mousavi, Mirhossein (c. 2023) [Approved 4 October 1366]. Creation and establishment of 13 rural districts including villages, farms and places in Abadeh under Fars province. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Proposal 11809.1 5.53. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023 – via Lam ta Kam</ref> == Alƙaluma == == '''Adadi''' == A lokacin ƙidayar jama'a ta shekara ta 2006, yawan mazauna karkara ya kai 4,200 a cikin gidaje 1,078.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Fars Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.</ref> Akwai mazauna 3,913 a cikin gidaje 1,116 a wannan ƙidayar ta 2011.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Fars Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.</ref> Ƙididdigar 2016 ta auna yawan mutanen gundumar a matsayin 4,410 a cikin gidaje 1,401. Mafi yawan ƙauyuka 47 shine Fakhrabad, mai mutane 1,082.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Fars Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.</ref> == Kalli kuma == [[:en:Portal:Iran|Fotal din iran]] == Manazarta == 6ihicwj98uf2k5t773ei51c2t969ktf 548147 548146 2024-11-29T07:53:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 548147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yankin Ƙauyen Baghestan (Ƙasar Bavanat)''' (Farisi: دهستان باغستان)<ref>‹The template IranNCSGN is being considered for deletion.› Iranian National Committee for Standardization of Geographical Names website (in Persian) [dead link]</ref> yana cikin tsakiyar gundumar Bavanat, lardin Fars, Iran.<ref>Habibi, Hassan (c. 2022) [Approved 21 July 1374]. Divisional reforms in Fars province. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Political and Defense Commission of the Government Board. Proposal 1.42.3703; Notification 9116/T14125K. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2024 – via Martyrdom of Imam Ali (AS) Research Center of the Islamic Council.</ref> Babban birninta shine ƙauyen Jeshniya.<ref>Mousavi, Mirhossein (c. 2023) [Approved 4 October 1366]. Creation and establishment of 13 rural districts including villages, farms and places in Abadeh under Fars province. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers. Proposal 11809.1 5.53. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023 – via Lam ta Kam</ref> == Alƙaluma == == '''Adadi''' == A lokacin ƙidayar jama'a ta shekara ta 2006, yawan mazauna karkara ya kai 4,200 a cikin gidaje 1,078.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Fars Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.</ref> Akwai mazauna 3,913 a cikin gidaje 1,116 a wannan ƙidayar ta 2011.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Fars Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.</ref> Ƙididdigar 2016 ta auna yawan mutanen gundumar a matsayin 4,410 a cikin gidaje 1,401. Mafi yawan ƙauyuka 47 shine Fakhrabad, mai mutane 1,082.<ref>Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Fars Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.</ref> == Kalli kuma == [[:en:Portal:Iran|Fotal din iran]] == Manazarta == jm2vom7h14ldczfdrbga4pxsyg6mwxb 0 88279 548148 2024-11-29T08:09:08Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 548148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reshika Amali Udugampola''' (an haife shi 13 Nuwamba 1993) tsohon ɗan wasan ninkaya ne kuma mai kula da wasanni.<ref>"Reshika Udugampola Bio, Stats, and Results | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com". 2016-12-04. Archived from the original on 2016-12-04. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref><ref>Reshika UDUGAMPOLA". Olympics.com. Retrieved 2021-08-12.</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce sakatariyar kwamitin wasannin Olympics ta kasa na Hukumar 'yan wasa ta Sri Lanka kuma tana aiki a cikin karamin kwamiti na tallace-tallace na kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa.<ref>Fernando, Chandrika. "Reshika appointed to IOC top post". Daily News. Retrieved 2021-08-12.</ref><ref>Reshika co-opted IOC marketing sub-committee - Sports | Daily Mirror". www.dailymirror.lk. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Reshika a Colombo, Lardin Yamma. Da farko ta halarci Kwalejin Southlands, Galle yayin da iyayenta biyu ke aiki a Galle. Daga baya ta koma Kwalejin Gateway, Colombo bayan danginta sun ƙaura daga Galle zuwa Colombo.[5] == Aiki == Reshika ya fara ninkaya yana da shekaru takwas a shekara ta 2003 a Galle. Ta bi sha'awar wasan ninkaya irin ta 'yar uwarta. An bayyana cewa Likitoci sun shawarci ‘yar uwarta da ta rika yin iyo a matsayin maganin cutar asma. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Reshika kuma ta shiga aikin ninkaya tare da 'yar uwarta<ref>"I became an athlete because of my sister – Reshika Udugampola". Sunday Observer. 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2021-08-12.</ref>. Ta lashe kambunta na farko na kasa a shekara ta 2010 a tseren tseren mita 100 na mata a gasar ninkaya ta kasa kuma Manoj Abeysinghe ne ya horar da ta wanda ya yi tasiri a Reshika ta kai matsayin Olympic. Ta yi takara a gasar malam buɗe ido na mita 50 na mata a gasar ninkaya ta duniya ta 2010.[6] Ta wakilci Sri Lanka a gasar cin kofin ruwa ta duniya a shekarar 2011 kuma ita ce mace daya tilo da ta fafata a gasar daga Sri Lanka. A lokacin gasar ruwa ta duniya a shekarar 2011, ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 100 na mata da kuma a cikin wasannin malam buɗe ido na mita 50.<ref>"Matthew, Reshika set new Sri Lanka records". archives.dailynews.lk. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref> Ta wakilci Sri Lanka a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 wanda kuma shine farkonta kuma kawai fitowarta a gasar Olympics mai wakiltar Sri Lanka.<ref>"Into the deep end | The Sundaytimes Sri Lanka". Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref><ref>Sri Lanka Sports News | Sundayobserver.lk". archives.sundayobserver.lk. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref> A lokacin gasar Olympics ta London ta 2012, ta shiga gasar tseren mita 100 na mata, inda ta kare a matsayi na 44 gaba daya a cikin zafi, ta kasa samun tikitin zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reshika Udugampola". London 2012. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012</ref><ref>"Swimming at the 2012 London Summer Games: Women's 100 metres Freestyle | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com". 2016-12-20. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref> Kafin gasar Olympics, ta yi tafiya zuwa Ostiraliya kuma ta sami horo na musamman na shekara guda a Nunawadig Aquatic Club a Melbourne.<ref>"Reshika on the road to London". www.sundaytimes.lk. Retrieved 2021-08-12.</ref> Bayan ta fafata a gasar Olympics ta 2012, an nada ta a matsayin sakatariyar hukumar wasannin motsa jiki ta NOCSL. An zabe ta ga kwamitin tallace-tallace na IOC daga yankin Kudancin Asiya.<ref>"I became an athlete because of my sister – Reshika Udugampola". Sunday Observer. 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2021-08-12.</ref> A cikin Oktoba 2020, an nada ta a cikin karamin kwamiti na tallace-tallace na kwamitin wasannin Olympics.<ref>Fernando, Chandrika. "Reshika appointed to IOC top post". Daily News. Retrieved 2021-08-12</ref> Har ila yau, a halin yanzu ita ce cikakken ɗan kasuwa mai haɗe da wani kamfani na IT na duniya. == Manazarta == 4028ndqnq8p6mph6pukff4rb7sukqzk 0 88280 548159 2024-11-29T08:56:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani. 548159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani. qf3uob7n14xfvb5ynpms76eznhb7wsg 548160 548159 2024-11-29T08:57:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. dyp5m4z82q7fuikpiv4x2agi5273d1n 548161 548160 2024-11-29T08:58:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== g98vzy49alv7z84v3xh0srkrxtalioz 548163 548161 2024-11-29T08:59:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf. 6d50venmdz8medte7hkjd2jqoqoppy4 548164 548163 2024-11-29T08:59:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> mxvjw3yjgfn1ifo4ef1dbj6b5dv3x2d 548165 548164 2024-11-29T09:00:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber. i300jqz2qzdbcoevmnz1ucz2fbtqizk 548167 548165 2024-11-29T09:01:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> a1tpwosn93lkryej9ousm26o3sb07lb 548168 548167 2024-11-29T09:02:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta. 5eeu0ub4559248dpyc35mtl7zqykz7k 548170 548168 2024-11-29T09:02:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> eathcczohkxtvn337cz64g1kf82p86i 548171 548170 2024-11-29T09:03:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane. 4a52qw2a8nkodrx9it85jsf6yqg66fz 548172 548171 2024-11-29T09:03:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> lj4w7t3txdt2qfwrj9tup5uqw3itpzz 548173 548172 2024-11-29T09:04:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane.[5] Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960. d7b61aaz8ccpz5x1sz46t07ukq4fq3i 548174 548173 2024-11-29T09:05:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> i1r3vt3ue1q9oaknthxtxwz0kufq6c4 548176 548174 2024-11-29T09:05:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975. 2ak2n2eejna351kbun5sqwysahvd6lt 548178 548176 2024-11-29T09:06:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> bh7asgtfyi4um9mj4cftf93cp74q4bg 548179 548178 2024-11-29T09:07:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present". tcs9m8aetfi0jxhovv6y4gxhnzu2c7s 548181 548179 2024-11-29T09:08:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> 7hmf13mq9m74rz8lor7su6hbz7b5na6 548183 548181 2024-11-29T09:09:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis. rmscizyt0tv1un1a3ctemiei00os4vm 548184 548183 2024-11-29T09:09:57Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> bi1zy7rkbij2cmo5z7u269jme9ubwdb 548187 548184 2024-11-29T09:11:05Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94. rrvehnb1jdavpxm5lhxcu9k9sdy86xd 548188 548187 2024-11-29T09:11:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> iokqsfdkw980omqjnunuo3juy4tniye 548189 548188 2024-11-29T09:12:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== np2ihpjweuz8gc1fxg2v5ibcj5bpj9i 548190 548189 2024-11-29T09:13:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' e70pciyjbax0rvv7xlcnmrras2qse51 548191 548190 2024-11-29T09:15:03Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta. 9xsh505x4u9t8deit49vj2sk58r0p67 548192 548191 2024-11-29T09:15:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani. ht18kzo711119exubicsi7la4r551q2 548193 548192 2024-11-29T09:16:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> efmubpne4yt9ce6xojc6u65cj2x8skq 548194 548193 2024-11-29T09:18:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar mai Duma''' ll3fa9liruy36d4jl0f2lygj2d73xev 548195 548194 2024-11-29T09:18:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar mai guri''' j5hpds5r3f4x7htvnjbxc57sia2tzq0 548196 548195 2024-11-29T09:19:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' cnfjpur04eb1fm5kx3js7fbzbqvf6u7 548197 548196 2024-11-29T09:20:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm). l2krjrzjg6wqlkh2252p9wvrb24fr4y 548198 548197 2024-11-29T09:20:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa. rz0ncw1dnrs2tfpog4go5780qobi2s5 548199 548198 2024-11-29T09:21:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa. o9vwsgrfx4x7k1162mjfinapxgwirp3 548200 548199 2024-11-29T09:22:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna. b8jmirnfz45rklfn2h7klipf8z458wm 548201 548200 2024-11-29T09:23:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira. 6im68nt72ql08pkpcwnvirtgbwcottg 548202 548201 2024-11-29T09:23:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. 4niqky1h59j1bocx092xvlgtnlsu7bt 548203 548202 2024-11-29T09:24:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> 4tk6izlneekimlfnqrxnekbov5mycft 548213 548203 2024-11-29T09:36:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== t5rjit1j8c2dzm6s58exxgowdyk4njj 548215 548213 2024-11-29T09:39:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD). qruvy1zemurqxcvdnljtwd0dap89803 548217 548215 2024-11-29T09:39:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> 95y3rqfaojydsdr0ri711dceyn4thwo 548218 548217 2024-11-29T09:40:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989. ji0ea859vot0uhfg2dnv562tw3d495a 548219 548218 2024-11-29T09:40:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> faj8kebhcvjeq1p1xfn8sag8m64agng 548220 548219 2024-11-29T09:41:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== is3zrir8spywlotyujkeqkh4k2kv0cd 548227 548220 2024-11-29T10:05:27Z Mahuta 11340 548227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na [[Ba'amurke]] ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a birnin New York, kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 698mcoe89afkkk2zbvcnwbompx2yi2o 548228 548227 2024-11-29T10:05:51Z Mahuta 11340 548228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 16gd7mvqrf8gvxbm5mnfz012imegirm 548229 548228 2024-11-29T10:06:14Z Mahuta 11340 548229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 25wshmi6kjze627683zjg7iiur2vewg 548230 548229 2024-11-29T10:06:47Z Mahuta 11340 548230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a [[Art Education]] daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a New York, mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== sb71ul3uzqt1n24a3z8g76h3dh431bt 548231 548230 2024-11-29T10:07:19Z Mahuta 11340 548231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== myda8e28p6bet81sipfduzatp9vp02c 548234 548231 2024-11-29T10:09:19Z Mahuta 11340 548234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a [[Ilimin Fasaha]] a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Amurka ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== rnhm3f5fojzfqa1iqf139orveca311g 548235 548234 2024-11-29T10:09:47Z Mahuta 11340 548235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4, 1929 - Yuli 1, 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 8cfgsgxpm4p61fvy0nuv0bqhhkkavu9 548238 548235 2024-11-29T10:37:00Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 84amuomqhqdra4n48idxxzw5ylc1ggd 548241 548238 2024-11-29T10:37:20Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin 1947 zuwa 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== hzfwn4grs8ker62ee01z7tjope8tdnh 548242 548241 2024-11-29T10:37:37Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== lvhnnvfuv082f6u4vmkjj7hdcu7feim 548244 548242 2024-11-29T10:38:12Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na shekarar 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== 12l6do87nwlw8q48e80q6da8od3535n 548245 548244 2024-11-29T10:38:57Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na shekarar 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin shekara ta 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin shekarar 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== oluzugbe62cepbsrsqfm9a9gghrgjoe 548248 548245 2024-11-29T10:46:50Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 548248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Juni Leaf''' (Agusta 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1929 zuwa Yuli 1 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) yar wasan gani na Ba'amurke ce wacce aka sani da zane-zane da zane-zane. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin sassaken motsin zamani na zamani.Ta kasance a [[birnin New York]], kan titin Bleecker a NoHo, da Mabou, Nova Scotia. ==Tarihin Rayuwa== An haifi Yuni Leaf a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1929, a [[Chicago]], Illinois, zuwa Ruth (Ettleson) Leaf da Phillip Leaf.<ref>"June Leaf". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta karanci wasan ballet kuma ta yi wasu zane-zane, sannan ta yi rajista na tsawon watanni uku tsakanin shekara ta 1947 zuwa shekarar 1948 a Cibiyar Zane (wanda aka fi sani da New Bauhaus), tana daukar darasi tare da mai zane Hugo Weber.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref>Ta bar makaranta kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa Paris a 1948, tana mai da hankali kan ƙirƙira da gano abstraction da alamu a cikin aikinta.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1954, ta koma makarantar B.A. digiri a Art Education daga Jami'ar Roosevelt kuma a wannan shekarar ta digiri na MA a Ilimin Fasaha a Cibiyar Zane.<ref>"June Leaf Biography". artnet. Archived from the original on 2018-01-07. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Leaf ya koma Paris a cikin 1958–1959 tare da Grant na Fulbright don zane. Lokacin da ta dawo, ta koma New York City a 1960.<ref>"Beer with a Painter: June Leaf". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-23. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> Ta auri mai shirya fim kuma mai daukar hoto, Robert Frank a 1975.<ref>Dawidoff, Nicholas (2015-07-02). "The Man Who Saw America". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</ref> A cikin 2016, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na [[Amurka]] ya gudanar da nunin na baya-bayan nan "June Leaf: Tunani Yana Ƙarshe." A cikin wannan shekarar, an sake yin wani biki na baya-bayan nan a Edward Thorp Gallery a [[New York]], mai taken "Leaf June: A Survey, 1949-Present".<ref>http://wwd.com/eye/people/june-leaf-art-whitney-show-and-living-with-photographer-robert-frank-10459211/</ref> Ayyukanta sun haɗa da tarin zane-zane masu yawa na dindindin, gami da Smithsonian American Art Museum, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na zamani Chicago, Gidan kayan tarihi na Art Modern (MoMA), da Cibiyar Fasaha ta Minneapolis.<ref>https://collections.artsmia.org/art/125787/the-salon-june-leaf</ref> Yuni Leaf ya mutu daga ciwon daji na ciki a Manhattan, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 94.<ref>Grimes, William (July 3, 2024). "June Leaf, Artist Who Explored the Female Form, Dies at 94". The New York Times. p. B12. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 2, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> ==Ayyuka== '''Tsibirin Coney (1968)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alƙalami da tawada da fensir mai launi akan takarda, 4 × 16+7⁄8 in (35.6 × 42.9 cm). Zane na shekarar 1968 na Yuni Leaf na Tsibirin Coney shine ɗayan mafi kyawun hotunanta, ba tare da sadaukarwa ba, halittu masu hangen nesa da wuraren da suka mamaye tunaninta na ƙirƙira da jagorantar aikinta.Amma duk da haka hoton wasu ma'aurata masu matsakaicin shekaru suna kallo a wurin shakatawa na carousel a takaice ya ƙunshi abin da fasaharta ke yi: Idan muka yi tunanin waɗannan jaruman za su hau kan tukin, sun zama ma'ana mai kyau ga masu kallon Leaf, waɗanda haka ma dole ne su shiga cikin daula mai zurfi. , tushe a cikin ainihin ɗan adam gwaninta, a cikin abin da artist deploys ban mamaki don gano wauta na mu wanzu da kuma yiwuwar sani.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> '''Yarinyar da Hoop (shekara ta 1980)''' An ƙirƙira shi da alkalami acrylic da fiber-tipped akan takarda, 8+1⁄2 × 11 in (21.6 × 27.9 cm).Zane mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da tawada daga shekarar 2013 na mai zanen "zaren" idanunta da yatsun hannunta ya sami Leaf a zahiri yana zana layi daga kwakwalwarta / hangen nesa.Takardar ta sake duba wani abin da aka inganta a cikin Zartar da Labari ta hanyar Idon Allura daga shekarar 1974, wanda hannu ya zayyana wani abin da aka zayyana da alama ya fito - zare ta cikin - idon mahaliccinsa.Hannu yana haɗa kai a fili a cikin waɗannan hotuna.Misalin Leaf da fassarorin tunani a matsayin “marasa iyaka” da alama tunani ne nata a kan maganganun hasashe a cikin duniyar zahiri ta hanyar ƙwaƙƙwaran mai fasaha: jita-jita akan tsarin ƙirƙira.Batun yadda abin da ke cikin hankali ke bayyana ta hannun mai zane an ƙara magana a cikin jerin ayyukan da ke wakiltar abubuwan da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.<ref>https://whitney.org/Essays/JuneLeaf</ref> ==Kyauta== An ba Leaf lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate, Haruffa na Humane a cikin shekara ta 1984 daga Jami'ar DePaul kuma a cikin shekarar 1996 daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Zane ta Nova Scotia (NSCAD).<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref>Ta karɓi kyaututtuka da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kyautar Mawakan Mawaƙa daga Majalisar Kanada a cikin 1984 da baiwa ta ƙasa don Fasaha (NEA) a cikin zane a cikin 1989.<ref>http://www.artnet.com/artists/june-leaf/biography</ref> ==manazarta== pkmennx266ulk1k0a59bvhosmz3u0di 0 88281 548162 2024-11-29T08:58:57Z Saifullahi AS 19028 kirkira mukala 548162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta National League . == Manazarta == bcvs5n4a643ed1kav3lf15buvzdxxfj 548166 548162 2024-11-29T09:01:07Z Saifullahi AS 19028 548166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa . == Manazarta == dw7gwk9qtr0pesihkaxjif9ptd7pbmq 548169 548166 2024-11-29T09:02:32Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 548169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> == Manazarta == q2jrzsbyh4ps62agfuo3ud8numk4equ 548175 548169 2024-11-29T09:05:23Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* West Bromwich Albion */ saka bayanai 548175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> == Manazarta == 16kes4fdolkt9kudw4xxjm048ohdooo 548180 548175 2024-11-29T09:08:06Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* West Bromwich Albion */ saka bayanai 548180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> == Manazarta == 3jdakwy6yhym8xd5fbi40p1vcvgv3xb 548182 548180 2024-11-29T09:09:15Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* West Bromwich Albion */ saka bayanai 548182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> == Manazarta == a4vi4px95g5a478lckrp99i7ynpeh7i 548185 548182 2024-11-29T09:10:09Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* West Bromwich Albion */ 548185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Manazarta == 2bp15of64vs8xxe5z0fewwr5u79ryuc 548186 548185 2024-11-29T09:10:34Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* West Bromwich Albion */ saka sashe 548186 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == == Manazarta == 04zyhgldroviam6p8ugrcwcnof8w2ph 548205 548186 2024-11-29T09:28:33Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Southampton */ saka bayanai 548205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Manazarta == eyy4fpjibv1xryou1ajti99iv0j3ygb 548206 548205 2024-11-29T09:29:09Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Southampton */ saka bayanai 548206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Manazarta == 7p7fxqss50uoe67cd9wtsh77ko163z3 548207 548206 2024-11-29T09:29:33Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Southampton */ saka bayanai 548207 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == == Manazarta == c1bt39xcsdx0pv1l90m2d9htjjr81xw 548208 548207 2024-11-29T09:30:58Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Walsall */ saka bayanai 548208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Manazarta == j7gvrj2zjf7pcwvutmeofhz6n21asy2 548209 548208 2024-11-29T09:31:49Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Walsall */ saka sashe 548209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Sutton United == == Manazarta == qr9st8vzpamx9jnuctz7mhei6t0cqf4 548210 548209 2024-11-29T09:32:34Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Sutton United */ saka bayanai 548210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Sutton United == A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2022, Rose ya shiga kungiyar sutton United ta League Two bayan ya baro kungiyar Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2022 |title=Welcome Jack Rose |url=https://www.suttonunited.net/news/2022/july/welcome-jack-rose/ |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=www.suttonunited.net}}</ref> == Manazarta == 4tov94urau7ienqrqkpk105e98rerpm 548211 548210 2024-11-29T09:33:21Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Sutton United */ saka bayanai 548211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Sutton United == A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2022, Rose ya shiga kungiyar sutton United ta League Two bayan ya baro kungiyar Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2022 |title=Welcome Jack Rose |url=https://www.suttonunited.net/news/2022/july/welcome-jack-rose/ |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=www.suttonunited.net}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 2024, Rose ta shiga kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2024 |title=Hednesford Town sign Jack Rose |url=https://www.hednesfordtownfc.com/2024/08/hednesford-town-sign-jack-rose |access-date=2 August 2024 |website=www.hednesfordtownfc.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == m2ex5d9cqv2bg6irg3fnzjthgtt20no 548212 548211 2024-11-29T09:36:06Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Sutton United */ saka bayanai 548212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Sutton United == A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2022, Rose ya shiga kungiyar sutton United ta League Two bayan ya baro kungiyar Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2022 |title=Welcome Jack Rose |url=https://www.suttonunited.net/news/2022/july/welcome-jack-rose/ |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=www.suttonunited.net}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 2024, Rose ta shiga kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2024 |title=Hednesford Town sign Jack Rose |url=https://www.hednesfordtownfc.com/2024/08/hednesford-town-sign-jack-rose |access-date=2 August 2024 |website=www.hednesfordtownfc.com}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+fitowarsa a wasanni ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |West Bromwich Albion |2014–15 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2015–16 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2016–17 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |West Bromwich Albion U23s | colspan="2" |2016–17 EFL Trophy | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2014–15 |League Two |4 |0 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |8 |0 |- |Crawley Town (loan) |2015–16 |League Two |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Southampton |2017–18 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2018–19 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2019–20 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2019–20 |League Two |4 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Walsall |2020–21 |League Two |15 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |18 |0 |- |2021–22 |League Two |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !22 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !8 !0 !31 !0 |- | rowspan="4" |Sutton United |2022–23 |League Two |37 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |39 |0 |- |2023–24 |League Two |8 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 |12 |0 |- |2024–25 |National League |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !45 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 !2 !0 !51 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !76 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !10 !0 !95 ! |} # == Manazarta == d2nn0msa0ww6q0u40zzzxxnd18dxa0e 548214 548212 2024-11-29T09:38:00Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 548214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jack Joseph Rose''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin dan baya na kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Division One West, a aro daga kungiyar sutton United ta Kasa. === West Bromwich Albion === Rose ya fara aikinsa tare da kungiyar West Bromwich Albion, ya fara ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin matasa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar sana'arsa ta farko a watan Yunin 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2013 |title=Rose earns first pro deal |url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/rose-earns-first-pro-deal-857096.aspx |website=wba.co.uk}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2014, Rose ta sanya hannu ga kungiyar Accrington Stanley a kan rancen wata daya bayan raunin da ya samu a wasansu da Aaron chapman da Jesse Joronen <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jewell |first=Dan |date=7 November 2014 |title=Rose is a Red! |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117174637/http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/rose-red/ |archive-date=17 November 2014 |access-date=15 November 2014 |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> ya fara buga wasa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba a gasar cin kofin FA da Notts County, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=8 November 2014 |title=Four changes for FA Cup |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-fa-cup/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=9 November 2014 |title=Notts County 0–0 Stanley |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/notts-county-0-0-stanley/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan kwallon kafa a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba a wasansu da Carlisle united <ref name="Robinson">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> Rose ya sanya hannu ga kungiyar Crawley Town a watan Maris na shekara ta 2016 a kan aro domin ida sauran kakar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2016 |title=Crawley sign West Brom's Jack Rose after Portsmouth recall Paul Jones |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35881173 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar a kulob din.<ref name="Robinson2">{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Sam |date=15 November 2014 |title=Four changes for Carlisle |url=http://accringtonstanley.co.uk/2014/11/four-changes-for-carlisle/ |publisher=Accrington Stanley F.C.}}</ref> An saki Rose daga West Brom a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2017 |title=Premier League clubs reveal released lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/414631/ |access-date=10 June 2017 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> == Southampton == Rose ya koma Southampton a watan Agustan 2017 a kan yarjejeniyar shekara guda <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Saints sign goalkeeper Rose |url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819220253/https://southamptonfc.com/news/2017-08-14/jack-rose-signs-for-southampton |archive-date=19 August 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> kuma ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekaru biyu a watan Yunin 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2018 |title=Eight youngsters sign new professional deals |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2018-06-29/video-academy-youngsters-new-southampton-professional-contracts |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> Ya shiga kungiyar walsali a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2019 |title=Rose completes Walsall loan move |url=https://www.southamptonfc.com/news/2019-07-08/loan-agreement-jack-rose-southampton-fc-walsall |access-date=9 July 2019 |website=Southampton F.C.}}</ref> == Walsall == A watan Satumbar 2020, Rose ya sanya hannu kan kwangila ta dindindin a Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title=Jack Rose, Emmanuel Osadebe & Hayden White join Walsall |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/54015384 |access-date=3 September 2020 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> An saki Rose a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2022 |title=Retained and Released list confirmed |url=https://www.saddlers.co.uk/news/2022/may/retained-and-released-list-confirmed/ |access-date=11 May 2022 |website=www.saddlers.co.uk}}</ref> == Sutton United == A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2022, Rose ya shiga kungiyar sutton United ta League Two bayan ya baro kungiyar Walsall . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2022 |title=Welcome Jack Rose |url=https://www.suttonunited.net/news/2022/july/welcome-jack-rose/ |access-date=1 July 2022 |website=www.suttonunited.net}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 2024, Rose ta shiga kungiyar Hednesford Town ta Arewacin Premier League Division One a kan yarjejeniyar aro na tsawon lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2024 |title=Hednesford Town sign Jack Rose |url=https://www.hednesfordtownfc.com/2024/08/hednesford-town-sign-jack-rose |access-date=2 August 2024 |website=www.hednesfordtownfc.com}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+fitowarsa a wasanni ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="4" |West Bromwich Albion |2014–15 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2015–16 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2016–17 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |West Bromwich Albion U23s | colspan="2" |2016–17 EFL Trophy | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |1 |0 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2014–15 |League Two |4 |0 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |8 |0 |- |Crawley Town (loan) |2015–16 |League Two |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Southampton |2017–18 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2018–19 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2019–20 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |Walsall (loan) |2019–20 |League Two |4 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |6 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Walsall |2020–21 |League Two |15 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |18 |0 |- |2021–22 |League Two |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |0 |7 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !22 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !8 !0 !31 !0 |- | rowspan="4" |Sutton United |2022–23 |League Two |37 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |39 |0 |- |2023–24 |League Two |8 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 |12 |0 |- |2024–25 |National League |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !45 !0 !0 !0 !4 !0 !2 !0 !51 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !76 !0 !5 !0 !4 !0 !10 !0 !95 ! |} # == Manazarta == q1yqk589kkymzc509dq8pxmc46r9z72 0 88282 548177 2024-11-29T09:05:52Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 548177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elroy Simon “Guck” Guckert''' (Mayu 17, 1900 - Satumba 3, 1940) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka kuma kocin ƙwallon kwando, mai kula da wasannin motsa jiki na kwaleji, kuma farfesa. Ya yi aiki a matsayin babban kocin ƙwallon ƙafa a Kwalejin Hillsdale a Hillsdale, Michigan daga 1925 zuwa 1926, yana tattara rikodin 8 – 6 – 2.<ref>"Hillsdale Chargers 2010 Media Guide" (PDF). Hillsdale College. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 16, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2010</ref> Ya kasance shugaban kocin kwallon kwando a Hillsdale na lokacin 1925 – 26, yana nuna alamar 5 – 9. Guckert kuma shi ne daraktan wasannin motsa jiki na Hilldale kuma farfesa a fannin tattalin arziki kafin ya bar makarantar a watan Fabrairun 1927 don halartar Jami'ar Columbia.<ref>"Guckert Quits At Hillsdale". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. February 11, 1927. p. 18. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon</ref> Wani ɗan asalin Sandusky, Ohio, Guckert ya halarci Jami'ar Denison a Granville, Ohio, inda ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin baya da ƙwallon kwando a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na farko.<ref>Guckert Praised As Ground Gainer". The Sandusky Star-Journal. Sandusky, Ohio. October 23, 1920. p. 7. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.</ref><ref>Elmer Dayton Mitchell (1929). The Pentathlon. p. 11.</ref><ref>"Guckert Hitting Hard For Denison College". The Sandusky Star-Journal. Sandusky, Ohio. June 7, 1920. p. 4. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.</ref> Ya horar da kwallon kafa da kwallon kwando a Grand Rapids South High School a Grand Rapids, Michigan kafin ya gaje Denison alumnus Howard B. Jefferson a matsayin koci a matsayin Hillsdale a 1925.<ref>"Hillsdale Signs A New Coach". Miami Tribune. Miami, Florida. May 7, 1925. p. 10. Retrieved October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.</ref> == Ɓacewa == An ce Guckert ya mutu ne a lokacin da ya bace daga cikin wani jirgin ruwa a shekarar 1940. Sai dai kuma gawarsa ba ta sake dawowa ba kuma ba a sake ganinsa ba, don haka ba a san makomarsa ba.<ref>The Michigan Alumnus. UM Libraries. 1941. p. 385. UOM:39015071120904</ref> cy5q6d32frvy85u9tjupwatlw4vnrer 0 88283 548204 2024-11-29T09:28:31Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 548204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Monstruos Supersanos''' wani ƙaramin titin Sesame ne wanda aka yi muhawara a watan Yuni 2012. Jerin mintuna 5 zuwa 7 yana mai da hankali kan ayyuka da abinci waɗanda ke kiyaye mutum lafiya. Sesame Workshop ya samar da sassa 26 a cikin Ingilishi, wanda da farko an watsa shi a cikin Spain akan Antena 3 a matsayin ƙaramin jerin Barrio Sésamo mai suna Monstruos Supersanos. Kusan 2011, an kuma fitar da sassan a Latin Amurka.<ref>Marilynn Marchione, "Muppets mini-makeover aims to boost kids' health", The Associated Press, January 23, 2014</ref> Kowane jigon yana nuna fa'idodin tsararru wanda ke nuna alamar tauraro na Elmo, tare da sabbin zane-zanen Muppet da ɓangarorin fina-finai na wurin. Ba a kiyaye sassan fina-finai a cikin watsa shirye-shiryen a wajen Sifaniya. Hakanan ana samun rarrabuwa daga kowane lamari a cikin gidan yanar gizon Antena 3, da kuma jerin bidiyo tare da Elmo da mashahuran Mutanen Espanya, kamar mawaƙa David Bustamante, mai masaukin baki Susanna Griso, shugaba Ferran Adrià da ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Gerard Piqué. Jerin ya ƙunshi manyan haruffan Sesame Street Elmo, Grover, Cookie Monster, Rosita, Bert da Ernie, Abby Cadabby da sabon halayen Muppet, Dr. Ruster. == Manazarta == giqsit43qhzcm4jzaf5d0rju6o0uu80 548232 548204 2024-11-29T10:08:07Z Mahuta 11340 548232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Monstruos Supersanos''' wani ƙaramin titin Sesame ne wanda aka yi muhawara a watan Yuni 2012. Jerin mintuna 5 zuwa 7 yana mai da hankali kan ayyuka da abinci waɗanda ke kiyaye mutum lafiya. Sesame Workshop ya samar da sassa 26 a cikin [[Ingilishi]], wanda da farko an watsa shi a cikin Spain akan Antena 3 a matsayin ƙaramin jerin Barrio Sésamo mai suna Monstruos Supersanos. Kusan 2011, an kuma fitar da sassan a Latin Amurka.<ref>Marilynn Marchione, "Muppets mini-makeover aims to boost kids' health", The Associated Press, January 23, 2014</ref> Kowane jigon yana nuna fa'idodin tsararru wanda ke nuna alamar tauraro na Elmo, tare da sabbin zane-zanen Muppet da ɓangarorin fina-finai na wurin. Ba a kiyaye sassan fina-finai a cikin watsa shirye-shiryen a wajen Sifaniya. Hakanan ana samun rarrabuwa daga kowane lamari a cikin gidan yanar gizon Antena 3, da kuma jerin bidiyo tare da Elmo da mashahuran Mutanen Espanya, kamar mawaƙa David Bustamante, mai masaukin baki Susanna Griso, shugaba Ferran Adrià da ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Gerard Piqué. Jerin ya ƙunshi manyan haruffan Sesame Street Elmo, Grover, Cookie Monster, Rosita, Bert da Ernie, Abby Cadabby da sabon halayen Muppet, Dr. Ruster. == Manazarta == shdqacghqjwec6oebm3yzhq4tgu0kxq 548233 548232 2024-11-29T10:08:22Z Mahuta 11340 548233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Monstruos Supersanos''' wani ƙaramin titin Sesame ne wanda aka yi muhawara a watan Yuni 2012. Jerin mintuna 5 zuwa 7 yana mai da hankali kan ayyuka da abinci waɗanda ke kiyaye mutum lafiya. Sesame Workshop ya samar da sassa 26 a cikin [[Ingilishi]], wanda da farko an watsa shi a cikin [[Spain]] akan Antena 3 a matsayin ƙaramin jerin Barrio Sésamo mai suna Monstruos Supersanos. Kusan 2011, an kuma fitar da sassan a Latin Amurka.<ref>Marilynn Marchione, "Muppets mini-makeover aims to boost kids' health", The Associated Press, January 23, 2014</ref> Kowane jigon yana nuna fa'idodin tsararru wanda ke nuna alamar tauraro na Elmo, tare da sabbin zane-zanen Muppet da ɓangarorin fina-finai na wurin. Ba a kiyaye sassan fina-finai a cikin watsa shirye-shiryen a wajen Sifaniya. Hakanan ana samun rarrabuwa daga kowane lamari a cikin gidan yanar gizon Antena 3, da kuma jerin bidiyo tare da Elmo da mashahuran Mutanen Espanya, kamar mawaƙa David Bustamante, mai masaukin baki Susanna Griso, shugaba Ferran Adrià da ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Gerard Piqué. Jerin ya ƙunshi manyan haruffan Sesame Street Elmo, Grover, Cookie Monster, Rosita, Bert da Ernie, Abby Cadabby da sabon halayen Muppet, Dr. Ruster. == Manazarta == bmon8gd75v3b2oc2xenez9hol88o347 0 88284 548216 2024-11-29T09:39:39Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1045278490|Harqma]]" 548216 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harqma''' miyar sauce ce ko miya da ake shirya ta hanyar amfani da naman rago. Ta zama ruwan dare a yankin Maghreb na Arewacin Afirka. Ana yawan shan Harqma a cikin watan Ramadan, a matsayin abincin buɗa baki ([[Azumi A Lokacin Ramadan|''sawm'']]) bayan faɗuwar rana. A wasu lokuta ana amfani da rotters na ɗan rago azaman sinadari. An yi nuni da cewa harqma ta samo asali ne daga tsakiyar zamanai. == Duba kuma == * [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Abincin Afirka]] * Jerin abinci na Afirka * Jerin miya == Manazarta == jus6qnn34eb7841mj0csitux7wsed8d 548221 548216 2024-11-29T09:41:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harqma''' miyar sauce ce ko miya da ake shirya ta hanyar amfani da naman rago.<ref name="Wright 2011">{{cite book | last=Wright | first=C.A. | title=The Best Soups in the World | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | year=2011 | isbn=978-0-544-17779-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G9lxnIrrQ9IC&pg=PT68 | page=68}}</ref> Ta zama ruwan dare a yankin Maghreb na Arewacin Afirka. Ana yawan shan Harqma a cikin watan Ramadan, a matsayin abincin buɗa baki ([[Azumi A Lokacin Ramadan|''sawm'']]) bayan faɗuwar rana.<ref name="Wright 2012">{{cite book | last=Wright | first=C. | title=The Best Stews in the World | publisher=Harvard Common Press | year=2012 | isbn=978-1-55832-747-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=77CvEgNk4xoC&pg=PA116 | page=116}}</ref> A wasu lokuta ana amfani da rotters na ɗan rago azaman sinadari. An yi nuni da cewa harqma ta samo asali ne daga tsakiyar zamanai.<ref name="Wright 2012">{{cite book | last=Wright | first=C. | title=The Best Stews in the World | publisher=Harvard Common Press | year=2012 | isbn=978-1-55832-747-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=77CvEgNk4xoC&pg=PA116 | page=116}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Abincin Afirka]] * Jerin abinci na Afirka * Jerin miya == Manazarta == 4onr92sr0w9kxlfkt6wpustufjan8t9 0 88285 548222 2024-11-29T09:42:20Z 47.147.220.124 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Las Vegas''' birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Nevada]]. {{stub}} 548222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Las Vegas''' birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Nevada]]. {{stub}} r98qvds1ehxbm3r4illzxdqheijr4pt 0 88286 548223 2024-11-29T09:44:08Z 47.147.220.124 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''St. Louis''' birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Missouri]]. {{stub}} 548223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''St. Louis''' birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Missouri]]. {{stub}} qltvjl1h1uls5i8tp49nvsofsdq6pzh 548224 548223 2024-11-29T09:45:25Z 47.147.220.124 548224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''St. Louis''' birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Missouri (jiha)|Missouri]]. {{stub}} 5ixemue78qukjc2urly0kd740hyw9rf 0 88287 548225 2024-11-29T09:49:28Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1254400030|Kamounia]]" 548225 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kamounia''' ( wani lokacin ana rubuta '''Kamouneya''', naman sa ne da miya da hanta da ake shiryawa da cumin. Wani yanki ne na abincin Sudan, Masari da [[Abincin Tunisiya|Tunisiya]]. Hakanan ana amfani da naman rago wani lokaci azaman sinadari na farko, kuma ana amfani da ƙarin kayan yaji. Wani lokaci ana ba da ita tare da dafaffen shinkafa. Ƙarin kayan abinci na asali na iya haɗawa da broth, tafarnuwa, man zaitun da faski. == Duba kuma == * Jerin abincin Afirka * Jerin stews * [[Abincin Maghrebi|Abincin Maghreb]] == Manazarta == 03tnsjz1nv7e32ofphilhxtwnjho4xu 548226 548225 2024-11-29T09:53:56Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Beef and liver stew prepared with cumin}}{{Infobox food| name = | image = Tunis Glaïa Djerba.JPG| image_size =| image_alt =| caption = Kamounia| alternate_name = | type = | course = | country = | region = | national_cuisine = | creator = <!-- or | creators = -->| year = | mintime = | maxtime = | served = | main_ingredient = | minor_ingredient = | variations = | serving_size = 100 g| calories = | calories_ref =| protein = | fat = | carbohydrate = | glycemic_index = | similar_dish = | cookbook =| commons =| other = | no_recipes= false}} '''Kamounia''' ( wani lokacin ana rubuta '''Kamouneya''', naman sa ne da miya da hanta da ake shiryawa da cumin.<ref name="Weiss Chirichigno 2007 p. 79">{{cite book | last1=Weiss | first1=J. | last2=Chirichigno | first2=P. | title=Egyptian Cooking English Edition | publisher=Bonechi | year=2007 | isbn=978-88-476-0706-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hXmCyYmMaoC&pg=PA79 | page=79}}</ref><ref name="Salloum 2005 p. 55">{{cite book | last=Salloum | first=H. | title=Arab Cooking on a Saskatchewan Homestead: Recipes and Recollections | publisher=University of Regina Press | series=Trade Books Based in Scholarship (TBS) Series | year=2005 | isbn=978-0-88977-182-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iqHPLBxNA4kC&pg=PT55 | page=55}}</ref> Wani yanki ne na abincin Sudan, Masari da [[Abincin Tunisiya|Tunisiya]].<ref name="Publishing 2016 p. 260">{{cite book | title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Tunisia | publisher=DK Publishing | series=EYEWITNESS TRAVEL GUIDES | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4654-5090-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2UROCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA260 | accessdate=September 22, 2016 | page=260}}</ref> Hakanan ana amfani da naman rago wani lokaci azaman sinadari na farko, kuma ana amfani da ƙarin kayan yaji. Wani lokaci ana ba da ita tare da dafaffen shinkafa. Ƙarin kayan abinci na asali na iya haɗawa da broth, tafarnuwa, man zaitun da faski.<ref name="Tomkinson 1972">{{cite book | last=Tomkinson | first=M. | title=Tunisia; a vacation guide | publisher=Scribner | year=1972 | isbn=978-0-684-12623-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ORJPQYbryNAC&q=Kamounia | page=30}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin abincin Afirka * Jerin stews * [[Abincin Maghrebi|Abincin Maghreb]] == Manazarta == h24tlmdrxvekqt8vktet7hrluw66jvp 0 88288 548236 2024-11-29T10:21:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1240369121|Yam pepper soup]]" 548236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Doya|Yam]] pepper soup''' abinci ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ake amfani da farin puna da doya mai laushi. Yana da mahimmanci doyar ta zama mai taushi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-12 |title=How To Make Nigerian Yam Pepper Soup |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/how-to-make-nigerian-yam-pepper-soup/ |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Natural |first=Sympli |date=2019-02-16 |title=Yam and Goat Meat Pepper Soup |url=https://medium.com/@simplynaturalngr/yam-and-goat-meat-pepper-soup-6d5aa3e12dda |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Miyar ta zama ruwan dare a yankin Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya kuma wasu kayan da ake buƙata don yin ta sun haɗa da ehuru, barkono, irin nama, gishiri da [[Doddoya/Scent leaves|ganyen kamshi]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=omotolani |date=2018-03-06 |title=How to cook Nigerian yam pepper soup |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/diy-how-to-cook-nigerian-yam-pepper-soup/0140fx9 |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=a |first=temitope |date=2016-09-02 |title=How to make yam peppersoup |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/diy-recipe-how-to-make-yam-peppersoup/zzs4zy6 |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> Ana kara wa annan sinadarai idan doyar ɗin ta yi laushi har ta fara yin porridge. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-18 |title=Yam pepper soup delight |url=https://dailytrust.com/yam-pepper-soup-delight |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Daily Trust |language=en}}</ref> == Sauran abinci == Plantain da [[shinkafa]] ana haɗawa da miya barkono. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-21 |title=Yam and Goat Meat Pepper Soup |url=https://dailytrust.com/yam-and-goat-meat-pepper-soup |access-date=2022-06-30 |website=Daily Trust |language=en}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Abincin Igbo|Igbo cuisine]] * [[Miyar Ogbono|Ogbono soup]] * [[Abincin Najeriya|Nigerian cuisine]] * [[Miyar Gyaɗa|Peanut soup]] == Manazarta == 0aoicfvptarku57d0q7wis7d7m3v3ci 0 88289 548237 2024-11-29T10:35:27Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1221990279|Swallow (food)]]" 548237 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nsima_-_on_a_plate_-_Malawi_-_Jan_2018_.jpg|thumb| Nsima na [[Malawi]]]] [[Fayil:RAGI_MUDDE.JPG|thumb| Ragi mudde in [[Karnataka]], [[Indiya|India]]]] '''Swallows''' wani nau'in kulli ne mai kama da babban abinci [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] da Indiya waɗanda aka yi da dafaffen kayan lambu masu sitaci ko da [[hatsi]]. [[Fufu]] na Yammacin Afirka, ugali da nsima na Gabashin Afirka, da Sadza na Kudancin Afirka misalai ne na abinci da ake haɗiyewa. == Nau'uka == Ana iya rarraba abincin ta hanyar sitaci na farko. Kowane nau'i yana da sunaye da yawa a cikin harsuna daban-daban a Afirka, kuma takamaiman sitaci da aka yi amfani da shi na iya samun maye gurbin yanki. * [[Rogo]] ** [[Eba]] ** Funge ** [[Fufu]] ** [[Kokonte]] * [[Tamba|Finger millet]] ** Ragi mudde * [[Masara]] ** Ku-ku ** [[Kenkey]] ** Nsima ** Sadza ** [[Tuwon masara]] ** Ugali * [[Dankalin turawa|Dankali]] ** [[Potato fufu|Dankali fufu]] * [[Shinkafa]] ** [[Tuwon shinkafa]] * [[Doya|Yam]] ** [[Pounded yam|Fada yam]] * Mixed starches ** [[Amala]] ** Banku == Duba kuma == * Asida * [[Ogi (abinci)|Ogi]] * Porridge * Shinkafa cake == Manazarta == arc5bmyqoe2cluwm94ccisnfshko23n 548243 548237 2024-11-29T10:37:44Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548243 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nsima_-_on_a_plate_-_Malawi_-_Jan_2018_.jpg|thumb| Nsima na [[Malawi]]]] [[Fayil:RAGI_MUDDE.JPG|thumb| Ragi mudde in [[Karnataka]], [[Indiya|India]]]] '''Swallows''' wani nau'in kulli ne mai kama da babban abinci [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|na Afirka]] da Indiya waɗanda aka yi da dafaffen kayan lambu masu sitaci ko da [[hatsi]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Komolafe |first=Yewande |date=2021-03-05 |title=A Practical Guide to Swallows, the Heart of Many Cuisines |language=en |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/05/dining/fufu-recipe-swallows.html |access-date=2023-01-08}}</ref> [[Fufu]] na Yammacin Afirka, ugali da nsima na Gabashin Afirka, da Sadza na Kudancin Afirka misalai ne na abinci da ake haɗiyewa.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Komolafe |first=Yewande |date=2021-03-05 |title=A Practical Guide to Swallows, the Heart of Many Cuisines |language=en |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/05/dining/fufu-recipe-swallows.html |access-date=2023-01-08}}</ref> == Nau'uka == Ana iya rarraba abincin ta hanyar sitaci na farko. Kowane nau'i yana da sunaye da yawa a cikin harsuna daban-daban a Afirka, kuma takamaiman sitaci da aka yi amfani da shi na iya samun maye gurbin yanki.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Komolafe |first=Yewande |date=2021-03-05 |title=A Practical Guide to Swallows, the Heart of Many Cuisines |language=en |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/05/dining/fufu-recipe-swallows.html |access-date=2023-01-08}}</ref> * [[Rogo]] ** [[Eba]] ** Funge ** [[Fufu]] ** [[Kokonte]] * [[Tamba|Finger millet]] ** Ragi mudde * [[Masara]] ** Ku-ku ** [[Kenkey]] ** Nsima ** Sadza ** [[Tuwon masara]] ** Ugali * [[Dankalin turawa|Dankali]] ** [[Potato fufu|Dankali fufu]] * [[Shinkafa]] ** [[Tuwon shinkafa]] * [[Doya|Yam]] ** [[Pounded yam|Fada yam]] * Mixed starches ** [[Amala]] ** Banku == Duba kuma == * Asida * [[Ogi (abinci)|Ogi]] * Porridge * Shinkafa cake == Manazarta == 3k8hxun4v99i3aehv4ceu8md75913lx 3 88290 548240 2024-11-29T10:37:17Z J ansari 7161 J ansari moved page [[Tattaunawar user:M S Hassan]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Media Mender]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/M S Hassan|M S Hassan]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Media Mender|Media Mender]]" 548240 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:Media Mender]] lwgr1rg7zx5vw2w993kdyfg67l54e23 0 88291 548246 2024-11-29T10:44:50Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1236778270|Munkoyo]]" 548246 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munkoyo''' ko i '''bwatu''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=Sydney |last2=Schoustra |first2=Sijmen E. |last3=Heuvel |first3=Joost van den |last4=Smid |first4=Eddy J. |last5=Shindano |first5=John |last6=Linnemann |first6=Anita |date=2019-10-22 |title=Fermented cereal-based Munkoyo beverage: Processing practices, microbial diversity and aroma compounds |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=e0223501 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1423501P |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0223501 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=6805097 |pmid=31639127 |doi-access=free}}</ref> sanannen abin sha ne a karkarar [[Zambiya]]. Abin sha ne mai ɗanɗano da zaki wanda aka yi daga porridge [[Masara|na masara]] da kuma tushen [[Rhynchosia venulosa]] (wanda aka sani a gida kamar ''munkoyo''). Ana tafasa wannan haɗe da cakuɗa shi. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}</ref> Sannan ana iya sha nan da nan bayan an yi shi ko kuma a bar shi ya yi zafi na kwanaki da yawa. Sau da yawa 'yan Zambia suna kiransa "giya mai zaki". Ana kuma samunsa a ƙasashen tsakiyar Afirka kamar Kongo inda ake amfani da shi a matsayin abin sha a bukukuwan gargajiya da kuma abin sha na yau da kullum. Munkoyo an san yana da tasirin lafiya mai kyau, gami da haɓaka microbiome mafi koshin lafiya da bitamin B. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJongeling2019">Jongeling, Coretta (13 November 2019). [https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en "Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks"]. ''Resource online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru na lafiya == Yayin da suke tattara tushen munkoyo, wasu masu girbi na tushen suna cire tushen guba. Wannan ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru da yawa na mutane da yawa da aka kwantar a asibiti. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan lamarin ya faru a Gundumar Solwezi, ya kwantar da mutane 17 a asibiti kuma ya kashe 2, da kuma wani abin da ya faru a kusa da [[Kitwe]] wanda ya kwantar mutane 98 a asibiti. <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |title=Zambia: Munkoyo Kills 2, 17 Hospitalised |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201411111354.html |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Times">{{Cite web |last=Kabaila |first=Moses |title=Times of Zambia {{!}} 98 mourners poisoned after drinking munkoyo |url=https://www.times.co.zm/?p=30217 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Times of Zambia}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Burukutu]] * Chibuku * Lotoko == Manazarta == MunkoyoMunkoyoMunkoyoMunkoyoMunkoyoMunkoyo<nowiki><ref>{{Cite news |last=Komolafe |first=Yewande |date=2021-03-05 |title=A Practical Guide to Swallows, the Heart of Many Cuisines |language=en |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/05/dining/fufu-recipe-swallows.html |access-date=2023-01-08}}</ref></nowiki> azogsj5ew1cjxejwpdl5lojdiyybi5w 548247 548246 2024-11-29T10:45:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 548247 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munkoyo''' ko i '''bwatu''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=Sydney |last2=Schoustra |first2=Sijmen E. |last3=Heuvel |first3=Joost van den |last4=Smid |first4=Eddy J. |last5=Shindano |first5=John |last6=Linnemann |first6=Anita |date=2019-10-22 |title=Fermented cereal-based Munkoyo beverage: Processing practices, microbial diversity and aroma compounds |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=e0223501 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1423501P |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0223501 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=6805097 |pmid=31639127 |doi-access=free}}</ref> sanannen abin sha ne a karkarar [[Zambiya]]. Abin sha ne mai ɗanɗano da zaki wanda aka yi daga porridge [[Masara|na masara]] da kuma tushen [[Rhynchosia venulosa]] (wanda aka sani a gida kamar ''munkoyo''). Ana tafasa wannan haɗe da cakuɗa shi. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}</ref> Sannan ana iya sha nan da nan bayan an yi shi ko kuma a bar shi ya yi zafi na kwanaki da yawa. Sau da yawa 'yan Zambia suna kiransa "giya mai zaki". Ana kuma samunsa a ƙasashen tsakiyar Afirka kamar Kongo inda ake amfani da shi a matsayin abin sha a bukukuwan gargajiya da kuma abin sha na yau da kullum. Munkoyo an san yana da tasirin lafiya mai kyau, gami da haɓaka microbiome mafi koshin lafiya da bitamin B. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJongeling2019">Jongeling, Coretta (13 November 2019). [https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en "Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks"]. ''Resource online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru na lafiya == Yayin da suke tattara tushen munkoyo, wasu masu girbi na tushen suna cire tushen guba. Wannan ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru da yawa na mutane da yawa da aka kwantar a asibiti. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan lamarin ya faru a Gundumar Solwezi, ya kwantar da mutane 17 a asibiti kuma ya kashe 2, da kuma wani abin da ya faru a kusa da [[Kitwe]] wanda ya kwantar mutane 98 a asibiti. <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |title=Zambia: Munkoyo Kills 2, 17 Hospitalised |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201411111354.html |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Times">{{Cite web |last=Kabaila |first=Moses |title=Times of Zambia {{!}} 98 mourners poisoned after drinking munkoyo |url=https://www.times.co.zm/?p=30217 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Times of Zambia}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Burukutu]] * Chibuku * Lotoko == Manazarta == 1kenqpxy181z9v0e64rhh7bk6iac222 548249 548247 2024-11-29T10:47:31Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munkoyo'''<ref name="Steinkraus2018">{{cite book|author=Keith Steinkraus|title=Handbook of Indigenous Fermented Foods, Revised and Expanded|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AUxaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT528|date=4 May 2018|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-351-44251-0|pages=528–530}}</ref><ref name="Rigobelo2012">{{cite book|author=Everlon Rigobelo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZG2fDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176|title=Probiotics|date=3 October 2012|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=978-953-51-0776-7|pages=176–}}</ref><ref name="Malaisse2010">{{cite book|author=Françoise Malaisse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FcXW4MJUGYkC&pg=PA289|title=How to live and survive in Zambezian open forest (Miombo ecoregion)|publisher=Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux|year=2010|isbn=978-2-87016-106-7|pages=289–295}}</ref> ko i'''bwatu''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=Sydney |last2=Schoustra |first2=Sijmen E. |last3=Heuvel |first3=Joost van den |last4=Smid |first4=Eddy J. |last5=Shindano |first5=John |last6=Linnemann |first6=Anita |date=2019-10-22 |title=Fermented cereal-based Munkoyo beverage: Processing practices, microbial diversity and aroma compounds |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=e0223501 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1423501P |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0223501 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=6805097 |pmid=31639127 |doi-access=free}}</ref> sanannen abin sha ne a karkarar [[Zambiya]]. Abin sha ne mai ɗanɗano da zaki wanda aka yi daga porridge [[Masara|na masara]] da kuma tushen [[Rhynchosia venulosa]] (wanda aka sani a gida kamar ''munkoyo''). Ana tafasa wannan haɗe da cakuɗa shi. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}</ref> Sannan ana iya sha nan da nan bayan an yi shi ko kuma a bar shi ya yi zafi na kwanaki da yawa. Sau da yawa 'yan Zambia suna kiransa "giya mai zaki". Ana kuma samunsa a ƙasashen tsakiyar Afirka kamar Kongo inda ake amfani da shi a matsayin abin sha a bukukuwan gargajiya da kuma abin sha na yau da kullum. Munkoyo an san yana da tasirin lafiya mai kyau, gami da haɓaka microbiome mafi koshin lafiya da bitamin B. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJongeling2019">Jongeling, Coretta (13 November 2019). [https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en "Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks"]. ''Resource online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru na lafiya == Yayin da suke tattara tushen munkoyo, wasu masu girbi na tushen suna cire tushen guba. Wannan ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru da yawa na mutane da yawa da aka kwantar a asibiti. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan lamarin ya faru a Gundumar Solwezi, ya kwantar da mutane 17 a asibiti kuma ya kashe 2, da kuma wani abin da ya faru a kusa da [[Kitwe]] wanda ya kwantar mutane 98 a asibiti. <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |title=Zambia: Munkoyo Kills 2, 17 Hospitalised |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201411111354.html |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Times">{{Cite web |last=Kabaila |first=Moses |title=Times of Zambia {{!}} 98 mourners poisoned after drinking munkoyo |url=https://www.times.co.zm/?p=30217 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Times of Zambia}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Burukutu]] * Chibuku * Lotoko == Manazarta == 191j7b1vzujtzjicp8akwx04kgamtyr 548250 548249 2024-11-29T10:48:51Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548250 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munkoyo'''<ref name="Steinkraus2018">{{cite book|author=Keith Steinkraus|title=Handbook of Indigenous Fermented Foods, Revised and Expanded|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AUxaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT528|date=4 May 2018|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-351-44251-0|pages=528–530}}</ref><ref name="Rigobelo2012">{{cite book|author=Everlon Rigobelo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZG2fDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176|title=Probiotics|date=3 October 2012|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=978-953-51-0776-7|pages=176–}}</ref><ref name="Malaisse2010">{{cite book|author=Françoise Malaisse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FcXW4MJUGYkC&pg=PA289|title=How to live and survive in Zambezian open forest (Miombo ecoregion)|publisher=Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux|year=2010|isbn=978-2-87016-106-7|pages=289–295}}</ref> ko i'''bwatu''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Phiri |first=Sydney |last2=Schoustra |first2=Sijmen E. |last3=Heuvel |first3=Joost van den |last4=Smid |first4=Eddy J. |last5=Shindano |first5=John |last6=Linnemann |first6=Anita |date=2019-10-22 |title=Fermented cereal-based Munkoyo beverage: Processing practices, microbial diversity and aroma compounds |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=e0223501 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1423501P |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0223501 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=6805097 |pmid=31639127 |doi-access=free}}</ref> sanannen abin sha ne a karkarar [[Zambiya]]. Abin sha ne mai ɗanɗano da zaki wanda aka yi daga porridge [[Masara|na masara]] da kuma tushen [[Rhynchosia venulosa]] (wanda aka sani a gida kamar ''munkoyo''). Ana tafasa wannan haɗe da cakuɗa shi. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}</ref> Sannan ana iya sha nan da nan bayan an yi shi ko kuma a bar shi ya yi zafi na kwanaki da yawa. Sau da yawa 'yan Zambia suna kiransa "giya mai zaki".<ref name="BBCWN">{{Cite episode | title=World News Today | url=https://archive.org/details/BBCNEWS_20181224_210000_World_News_Today/ | access-date=28 May 2024 | series=World News Today|author=[[Lukwesa Burak]] | station=[[BBC World News]] | date=24 December 2018 | time= | language=English}}</ref> Ana kuma samunsa a ƙasashen tsakiyar Afirka kamar Kongo inda ake amfani da shi a matsayin abin sha a bukukuwan gargajiya da kuma abin sha na yau da kullum. Munkoyo an san yana da tasirin lafiya mai kyau, gami da haɓaka microbiome mafi koshin lafiya da bitamin B. <ref name="resource-online">{{Cite web |last=Jongeling |first=Coretta |date=13 November 2019 |title=Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks |url=https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en |access-date=15 July 2024 |website=Resource online |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJongeling2019">Jongeling, Coretta (13 November 2019). [https://www.resource-online.nl/index.php/2019/11/13/ondervoeding-te-lijf-met-traditionele-zambiaanse-dranken/?lang=en "Beating malnourishment with traditional drinks"]. ''Resource online''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru na lafiya == Yayin da suke tattara tushen munkoyo, wasu masu girbi na tushen suna cire tushen guba. Wannan ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru da yawa na mutane da yawa da aka kwantar a asibiti. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan lamarin ya faru a Gundumar Solwezi, ya kwantar da mutane 17 a asibiti kuma ya kashe 2, da kuma wani abin da ya faru a kusa da [[Kitwe]] wanda ya kwantar mutane 98 a asibiti. <ref name="allafrica">{{Cite web |title=Zambia: Munkoyo Kills 2, 17 Hospitalised |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201411111354.html |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Times">{{Cite web |last=Kabaila |first=Moses |title=Times of Zambia {{!}} 98 mourners poisoned after drinking munkoyo |url=https://www.times.co.zm/?p=30217 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Times of Zambia}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Burukutu]] * Chibuku * Lotoko == Manazarta == b0x3htspe0zyq07sqhi69cteg3bsrqw 0 88292 548251 2024-11-29T10:50:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley. 548251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley. bkxu3wh97x9du6d7dvufxxcgnvf25d6 548252 548251 2024-11-29T10:51:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. 2a7xi1pf9enuxrcxovasm4wpwy6r78m 548253 548252 2024-11-29T10:51:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref></ref> ottgx9eyvw5d4pspwrcezfzlxakbibd 548254 548253 2024-11-29T10:51:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> 427rym2pr7csiyi2qe6npet69aecyut 548255 548254 2024-11-29T10:52:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== hq5haxkeiy5em5x10n6zntoubayinlh 548256 548255 2024-11-29T10:52:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York. kbxoku76ipkg97zo6huz537oc5n5406 548257 548256 2024-11-29T10:53:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> o8n5cg4oa44en89lturmcpmc862mvum 548258 548257 2024-11-29T10:53:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo. ic0bt3k4bipvpb7u8e61wu1domvyub3 548259 548258 2024-11-29T10:54:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref> 0vfitb81s46jcan4horfxucuoxc3rgk 548260 548259 2024-11-29T10:54:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne. ip35fza7yt57uxrksg93fp3kxao8u47 548261 548260 2024-11-29T10:55:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref> gvh2qlmxr4yqghgm4f507inepp5lhdp 548262 548261 2024-11-29T10:55:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya. bycdsb231puv7266nv2xr3d5bwz8ilb 548263 548262 2024-11-29T10:56:05Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> 2vgvsdoz4xi024unlifsso6tbh969gn 548265 548263 2024-11-29T10:56:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981. 5o14hmiggqi7sf7hokeqkok17nspldd 548267 548265 2024-11-29T10:57:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ke08bki9v41vbv9v5p593l3esa2xa13 548268 548267 2024-11-29T10:57:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== lgdzj0rm36ynk5wjp1x9dru4wmtiw1i 548269 548268 2024-11-29T10:58:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds. 20n92vusm9o2b0ya0dlqixu9ngres87 548270 548269 2024-11-29T10:58:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> dmsnbqjaw7exy9gaee82fhemqofrzde 548271 548270 2024-11-29T10:59:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> 4ab8sdivpw4t5h5m5cooohslv3fv7fk 548272 548271 2024-11-29T11:00:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki. 5bp5z4xwwu20ghr8guxrnczqdonapy8 548273 548272 2024-11-29T11:00:38Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> flpl1mwhurwpqy6rmgev1zdawrlfwzm 548274 548273 2024-11-29T11:01:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart. d2rqq96677ufy6ev1m7l6vo0483rozk 548275 548274 2024-11-29T11:01:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. hjq83p90jznhzqylaptsjd6ypthi8bx 548276 548275 2024-11-29T11:02:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara. h6jo9bvewa3kt378zbwfidumtay90h6 548277 548276 2024-11-29T11:03:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi. qf0pzn6txf23uzypplm3rgtve0xmcue 548278 548277 2024-11-29T11:04:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> d4rn8onckgy5lz9e7tba6ied1ldrdpr 548279 548278 2024-11-29T11:04:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California. 1ekrmn76aq97u7c0fszohzftib6qz5s 548280 548279 2024-11-29T11:05:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> 7uem6m58nrj97z95l27p3z96turugh6 548281 548280 2024-11-29T11:05:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin. 658wft8hyqd936u4tzmjcbtgi6xfqga 548282 548281 2024-11-29T11:06:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> kly2khiexu1l8ud23gwj9zgit9yzxr4 548285 548282 2024-11-29T11:07:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref></ref> by4i1aemey7lcolghabpv04316eka5o 548286 548285 2024-11-29T11:07:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> 1zcfj34a4d73i503knwx8sxv7pp3lb9 548287 548286 2024-11-29T11:08:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref></ref> mrfaj1lkepo32a556r3m0teiy6f4yth 548289 548287 2024-11-29T11:09:03Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> rzt2r9anztfsq773855ccd2s2c9pkrr 548290 548289 2024-11-29T11:09:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== 7k157zf4y65iey9o0fotx4f9hc1m31a 548291 548290 2024-11-29T11:13:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008. 4qne0pwupulu40n2smnpxmn9jdpbxxj 548292 548291 2024-11-29T11:14:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref> hjrkbd57vgquruf8azuu5kqm40cm8tn 548293 548292 2024-11-29T11:14:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>John Pascal ya mutu ne da ciwon huhu a shekarar 1981. Daga baya Francine Pascal ta rubuta wani littafi mai suna If Wishes Were Horses (1994), wani aiki na autofiction game da aurenta da takaba, inda jarumar ta koma Faransa bayan mutuwar mijinta. hz0kc9kbexpzpcs7c6c832am6iih6d9 548294 548293 2024-11-29T11:15:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>John Pascal ya mutu ne da ciwon huhu a shekarar 1981. Daga baya Francine Pascal ta rubuta wani littafi mai suna If Wishes Were Horses (1994), wani aiki na autofiction game da aurenta da takaba, inda jarumar ta koma Faransa bayan mutuwar mijinta.<ref>https://ew.com/author-interviews/2019/08/16/sweet-valley-high-creator-francine-pascal-interview/</ref> juu26d9csjytyw1qsj90ns03zmzuzyn 548295 548294 2024-11-29T11:15:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>John Pascal ya mutu ne da ciwon huhu a shekarar 1981. Daga baya Francine Pascal ta rubuta wani littafi mai suna If Wishes Were Horses (1994), wani aiki na autofiction game da aurenta da takaba, inda jarumar ta koma Faransa bayan mutuwar mijinta.<ref>https://ew.com/author-interviews/2019/08/16/sweet-valley-high-creator-francine-pascal-interview/</ref> Pascal ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar lymphoma a Asibitin NewYork-Presbyterian a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 92. mm99gdfq5bm52omko6avu75zoz9n9bx 548296 548295 2024-11-29T11:16:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>John Pascal ya mutu ne da ciwon huhu a shekarar 1981. Daga baya Francine Pascal ta rubuta wani littafi mai suna If Wishes Were Horses (1994), wani aiki na autofiction game da aurenta da takaba, inda jarumar ta koma Faransa bayan mutuwar mijinta.<ref>https://ew.com/author-interviews/2019/08/16/sweet-valley-high-creator-francine-pascal-interview/</ref> Pascal ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar lymphoma a Asibitin NewYork-Presbyterian a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 92.<ref>https://people.com/francine-pascal-sweet-valley-high-creator-dies-at-92-8685737</ref> 8nuxoh5ol81jm4d2ry3cd0gfew00ype 548297 548296 2024-11-29T11:17:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 548297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Francine Paula Pascal''' (Mayu 13, 1932 - Yuli 28, 2024) marubuciya Ba'amurke ce wacce aka fi sani da jerin litattafai na matasa na Sweet Valley.Sweet Valley High, kashin bayan tarin, an yi shi cikin jerin talabijin, wanda ya haifar da sauye-sauye da yawa, gami da The Unicorn Club da Jami'ar Sweet Valley. Kodayake yawancin waɗannan littattafan an buga su a cikin 1980s da 1990s, sun kasance da shahara sosai har an sake fitar da lakabi da yawa bayan shekaru da yawa.<ref>https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-20-vw-836-story.html</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Francine Paula Rubin a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1932, a Manhattan, New York, kuma ta girma a Jamaica, Queens, New York.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Ita ce 'yar Kate (Dunitz) da William Rubin, mai yin gwanjo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>Iyalinta Bayahude ne.<ref>"Wait, the Author of "Sweet Valley High" Was Jewish?".</ref>Ta yi karatun aikin jarida a Jami'ar New York kuma ta fara aikinta na rubuce-rubuce don mujallu, ciki har da Cosmopolitan, Ladies' Home Journal, Allon zamani, da ikirari na Gaskiya.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> A 1958, ta auri Jerome Offenberg har sai da ta sake aure a 1963.bA 1964, ta auri John Pascal har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1981.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Sana'ar rubutu== An dauki Francine da John Pascal a matsayin marubuta don wasan opera na sabulu The Young Marrieds<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sun bar wasan kwaikwayon bayan an nemi su bar New York zuwa Los Angeles don ci gaba da aiki<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Daga baya ma'auratan sun rubuta kiɗan Broadway, George M!, tare da ɗan'uwanta Michael Stewart.Littafin labari na farko na Pascal, Hangin' Out With Cici (1977), daga baya aka mayar da shi ABC Bayan makaranta na musamman, mahaifiyata Ba Ta taɓa Yaro ba. A wannan lokacin, ta yi burin ƙirƙirar wasan opera na sabulu, amma ta yi ƙoƙari ta fito da wata shawara.Wata rana, wata kawar da ke aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen ya ba ta ra'ayin don jerin shirye-shiryen da ake nufi da matasa, wanda Pascal ya amsa nan da nan kuma ya ci gaba a matsayin littafi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Wannan ya zama babban jerin nasara na Sweet Valley High, wanda aka saita a cikin ƙagaggen garin Sweet Valley na Kudancin California.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Bayan rubuta littattafai bakwai na farko da kanta, ta lura da ƙungiyar masu rubutun fatalwa don faɗaɗa jerin.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref>Sweet Valley High ya ci gaba a cikin sauye-sauye da yawa har zuwa 2003, kuma an sake farfado da shi a taƙaice tare da littafin Sirri na Sirri a cikin 2011. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> Daga baya Pascal ya haɓaka wasu ayyuka, gami da jerin Tsoro, Ajiye Johanna! (1981) da kuma Ruling Class.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/29/books/francine-pascal-dead.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Pascal tana da 'ya'ya uku daga aurenta zuwa Offenberg. 'Yarta, Jamie Stewart Carmen, wani mai shirya NBC ne wanda ya mutu a 2008.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110110142155/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20099411,00.html</ref>John Pascal ya mutu ne da ciwon huhu a shekarar 1981. Daga baya Francine Pascal ta rubuta wani littafi mai suna If Wishes Were Horses (1994), wani aiki na autofiction game da aurenta da takaba, inda jarumar ta koma Faransa bayan mutuwar mijinta.<ref>https://ew.com/author-interviews/2019/08/16/sweet-valley-high-creator-francine-pascal-interview/</ref> Pascal ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar lymphoma a Asibitin NewYork-Presbyterian a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 92.<ref>https://people.com/francine-pascal-sweet-valley-high-creator-dies-at-92-8685737</ref> ==MANAZARTA== 3m741sduckjfz0rz68qea65hy99xpnj 0 88293 548264 2024-11-29T10:56:25Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1248901825|Springbokkie]]" 548264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Springbokkie''' ("ƙananan springbok " a cikin yaren [[Afrikaans]]) wani abin sha ne na haɗaɗɗiyar giyar da ya shahara a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya ƙunshi crème de menthe (''ko maye gurbinsa'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ice Pick Peppermint Liqueur |url=http://www.sld.co.za/Pages/PageRange.php?CategoryID=2 |access-date=19 December 2009 |publisher=SLD Liquor Manufacturers}}</ref> ) da Amarula. Abin shan ya samo sunansa daga dabbar ƙasar, kuma daga launin rigar tawagar (kore da zinariya) na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta Kudu, wadda aka fi sani da "The Springboks". Rabon Amarula zuwa crème de menthe na iya bambanta sosai tsakanin girke-girke. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkie shot |url=http://www.legendarypartyideas.com/springbokkie-shot.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621003929/http://www.legendarypartyideas.com/springbokkie-shot.html |archive-date=21 June 2009 |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=Legendary Party Ideas}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkie recipe |url=http://www.mixeddrinkworld.com/drink/Shots/Springbokkie/15781 |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=MixedDrinkWorld.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkies (shooter) |url=http://www.barnonedrinks.com/drinks/s/springbokkies-6768.html |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=Bar None Drinks Recipes}}</ref> == Manazarta == 0f70hx5e9ehjmy3x40c5nv4z832j36w 548266 548264 2024-11-29T10:56:58Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Springbokkie''' ("ƙananan springbok " a cikin yaren [[Afrikaans]]) wani abin sha ne na haɗaɗɗiyar giyar da ya shahara a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya ƙunshi crème de menthe (''ko maye gurbinsa'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ice Pick Peppermint Liqueur |url=http://www.sld.co.za/Pages/PageRange.php?CategoryID=2 |access-date=19 December 2009 |publisher=SLD Liquor Manufacturers}}</ref> ) da Amarula. Abin shan ya samo sunansa daga dabbar ƙasar, kuma daga launin rigar tawagar (kore da zinariya) na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Afirka ta Kudu, wadda aka fi sani da "The Springboks". Rabon Amarula zuwa crème de menthe na iya bambanta sosai tsakanin girke-girke. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkie shot |url=http://www.legendarypartyideas.com/springbokkie-shot.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621003929/http://www.legendarypartyideas.com/springbokkie-shot.html |archive-date=21 June 2009 |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=Legendary Party Ideas}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkie recipe |url=http://www.mixeddrinkworld.com/drink/Shots/Springbokkie/15781 |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=MixedDrinkWorld.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Springbokkies (shooter) |url=http://www.barnonedrinks.com/drinks/s/springbokkies-6768.html |access-date=20 December 2009 |publisher=Bar None Drinks Recipes}}</ref> == Manazarta == 4zkplteqldtxgxpggmrevgnd4wdgiu4 0 88294 548283 2024-11-29T11:06:36Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1241374819|Sparletta]]" 548283 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sparletta_Creme_Soda.jpg|right|thumb| 300 ml na Sparletta Creme Soda]] '''Sparletta''' wani nau'in kayan sha ne mai laushi wanda Kamfanin Coca-Cola ya kera a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Zimbabwe]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Writer |title=This is how much sugar is packed into South Africa's favourite fizzy drinks |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/lifestyle/658719/this-is-how-much-sugar-is-packed-into-south-africas-favourite-fizzy-drinks/ |access-date=4 December 2023 |website=Business Tech}}</ref> Thomas Cook ne ya ƙirƙire shi kuma a masana'antarsa ta Standerton Coca-Cola a cikin shekarar 1953. Ya kuma mallaki masana'antar Coca-Cola ta Nigel da na Witbank Coca-Cola. Ana rarraba Sparletta a cikin Mayotte, [[Komoros|Comoros]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Malawi]], [[Lesotho]], [[Namibiya]], [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]], [[Botswana]] da [[Tanzaniya]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Coca Cola Sabco |url=http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916034109/http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |archive-date=16 September 2014 |access-date=13 January 2022 |website=www.cocacolasabco.com}}</ref> Ana samunsa a cikin abubuwa masu ɗanɗano masu zuwa: Creme Soda, Sparberry, Cherry Plum, Stoney Ginger Beer, Pine Nut, Iron Brew, Apple da Blackcurrant. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ɗanɗanon soda na duniya guda takwas da aka nuna kuma akwai daɗin ɗanɗanawa a Club Cool a Epcot kafin rufewa a cikin shekarar 2019. == Samuwarsa a ƙasa da ƙasa == Ana samun Sparletta a zaɓaɓɓun Manyan kantunan Coles a [[Ostiraliya (nahiya)|Ostiraliya]], Sainsbury's a [[Burtaniya]] da kuma shagunan kan layi da yawa a duniya. Hakanan ya fito a cikin Coca-Cola's Club Cool a Walt Disney World kafin a rufe. Sparletta Sparberry yana samuwa a kantin Coca-Cola da ke Las Vegas, Nevada a matsayin wani ɓangare na abin sha mai ɗanɗano 'Around the World'. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=Coca-Cola Store Las Vegas and Tastes of the World |url=https://www.familyvacationhub.com/las-vegas/las-vegas-things-to-do/coca-cola-store-las-vegas-and-tastes-of-the-world.html |website=Family Vacation Hub}}</ref> == Manazarta == SparlettaSparlettaSparlettaEthiopian wineEthiopian wineEthiopian wineEthiopian wineSparlettaEthiopian winehttps://archive.org/details/BBCNEWS_20181224_210000_World_News_Today/<nowiki>https://archive.org/details/BBCNEWS_20181224_210000_World_News_Today/Sparletta</nowiki> 5qpnoi028tsa4n366rccoqg9qxtnuuh 548284 548283 2024-11-29T11:07:14Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 548284 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sparletta_Creme_Soda.jpg|right|thumb| 300 ml na Sparletta Creme Soda]] '''Sparletta''' wani nau'in kayan sha ne mai laushi wanda Kamfanin Coca-Cola ya kera a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Zimbabwe]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Writer |title=This is how much sugar is packed into South Africa's favourite fizzy drinks |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/lifestyle/658719/this-is-how-much-sugar-is-packed-into-south-africas-favourite-fizzy-drinks/ |access-date=4 December 2023 |website=Business Tech}}</ref> Thomas Cook ne ya ƙirƙire shi kuma a masana'antarsa ta Standerton Coca-Cola a cikin shekarar 1953. Ya kuma mallaki masana'antar Coca-Cola ta Nigel da na Witbank Coca-Cola. Ana rarraba Sparletta a cikin Mayotte, [[Komoros|Comoros]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Malawi]], [[Lesotho]], [[Namibiya]], [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]], [[Botswana]] da [[Tanzaniya]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Coca Cola Sabco |url=http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916034109/http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |archive-date=16 September 2014 |access-date=13 January 2022 |website=www.cocacolasabco.com}}</ref> Ana samunsa a cikin abubuwa masu ɗanɗano masu zuwa: Creme Soda, Sparberry, Cherry Plum, Stoney Ginger Beer, Pine Nut, Iron Brew, Apple da Blackcurrant. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ɗanɗanon soda na duniya guda takwas da aka nuna kuma akwai daɗin ɗanɗanawa a Club Cool a Epcot kafin rufewa a cikin shekarar 2019. == Samuwarsa a ƙasa da ƙasa == Ana samun Sparletta a zaɓaɓɓun Manyan kantunan Coles a [[Ostiraliya (nahiya)|Ostiraliya]], Sainsbury's a [[Burtaniya]] da kuma shagunan kan layi da yawa a duniya. Hakanan ya fito a cikin Coca-Cola's Club Cool a Walt Disney World kafin a rufe. Sparletta Sparberry yana samuwa a kantin Coca-Cola da ke Las Vegas, Nevada a matsayin wani ɓangare na abin sha mai ɗanɗano 'Around the World'. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=Coca-Cola Store Las Vegas and Tastes of the World |url=https://www.familyvacationhub.com/las-vegas/las-vegas-things-to-do/coca-cola-store-las-vegas-and-tastes-of-the-world.html |website=Family Vacation Hub}}</ref> == Manazarta == 6altwdcxsuvnf6dte2hvnuk935tx4bj 548288 548284 2024-11-29T11:09:00Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548288 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sparletta_Creme_Soda.jpg|right|thumb| 300 ml na Sparletta Creme Soda]] '''Sparletta''' wani nau'in kayan sha ne mai laushi wanda Kamfanin Coca-Cola ya kera a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Zimbabwe]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Writer |title=This is how much sugar is packed into South Africa's favourite fizzy drinks |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/lifestyle/658719/this-is-how-much-sugar-is-packed-into-south-africas-favourite-fizzy-drinks/ |access-date=4 December 2023 |website=Business Tech}}</ref> Thomas Cook ne ya ƙirƙire shi kuma a masana'antarsa ta Standerton Coca-Cola a cikin shekarar 1953. Ya kuma mallaki masana'antar Coca-Cola ta Nigel da na Witbank Coca-Cola. Ana rarraba Sparletta a cikin Mayotte, [[Komoros|Comoros]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Malawi]], [[Lesotho]], [[Namibiya]], [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]], [[Botswana]] da [[Tanzaniya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coca Cola Sabco |url=http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916034109/http://www.cocacolasabco.com/products/15 |archive-date=16 September 2014 |access-date=13 January 2022 |website=www.cocacolasabco.com}}</ref> Ana samunsa a cikin abubuwa masu ɗanɗano masu zuwa: Creme Soda, Sparberry, Cherry Plum, Stoney Ginger Beer, Pine Nut,<ref>http://www.peninsulabeverage.co.za/products/sparletta/details/</ref> Iron Brew, Apple da Blackcurrant. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ɗanɗanon soda na duniya guda takwas da aka nuna kuma akwai daɗin ɗanɗanawa a Club Cool a Epcot kafin rufewa a cikin shekarar 2019. == Samuwarsa a ƙasa da ƙasa == Ana samun Sparletta a zaɓaɓɓun Manyan kantunan Coles a [[Ostiraliya (nahiya)|Ostiraliya]], Sainsbury's a [[Burtaniya]] da kuma shagunan kan layi da yawa a duniya. Hakanan ya fito a cikin Coca-Cola's Club Cool a Walt Disney World kafin a rufe. Sparletta Sparberry yana samuwa a kantin Coca-Cola da ke Las Vegas, Nevada a matsayin wani ɓangare na abin sha mai ɗanɗano 'Around the World'. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=Coca-Cola Store Las Vegas and Tastes of the World |url=https://www.familyvacationhub.com/las-vegas/las-vegas-things-to-do/coca-cola-store-las-vegas-and-tastes-of-the-world.html |website=Family Vacation Hub}}</ref> == Manazarta == fwdt2dk85r9htk9pkpfgoihe1kw45jw 0 88295 548304 2024-11-29T11:33:53Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1152935620|Frankie's]]" 548304 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frankie's''' wani kamfani ne na kayan shaye-shaye na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal. Ya kware wajen samar da kayan shaye-shaye masu laushi waɗanda suke da ɗanɗano iri ɗaya ko makamancinsu ga abubuwan sha masu laushi daga ko kafin shekarun 1950. Mike da Paula Schmidt ne suka kafa kamfanin a cikin shekarar 2006 a Balgowan. Manyan kasuwanninta a cikin shekarar 2015 sune Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, da lardin Gauteng na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].A shekara ta 2015 kamfanin kiwo na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Clover ya sayi hannun jarin kashi 51 cikin 100 na kamfanin, inda ya canza sunan aikin kasuwanci na Clover Frankie. == Jayayya da Woolworths == A farkon shekara ta 2012 Hukumar Kula da Talla ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta yanke hukuncin cewa kewayon abin sha mai sanyi na Woolworths ya yi koyi da kewayon ruwan sanyi na Frankie. An yanke hukuncin cewa Woolworths da gangan ya kwafe kalmar nan "Good Old Fashioned Soft Drinks" don inganta nasa layin abin sha don haka ya keta haƙƙin Frankie's Soft Drincks. Woolworths ya amince da cire kewayon nan da nan.<ref name="iol">{{Cite web |last=Peters, Sherlissa |date=2 February 2012 |title=Woolworths to remove entire soft drinks range |url=http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/woolworths-to-remove-entire-soft-drinks-range-1.1225944#.T8969NXar_g |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=iol}}</ref> Wannan gardamar ta sami yaɗuwar ɗaukar hoto a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="lifeS">{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Did Woolworths steal Frankie’s soft drink idea…here’s the definitive comparison, you decide [pics] |url=http://lifeissavage.com/2011/12/20/did-woolworths-steal-frankies-soft-drink-idea-heres-the-definitive-comparison-you-decide-pics/ |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=Life is Savage}}</ref> Bayan taron Shugaba na Woolworths na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ian Moir ya bayyana a fili cewa "ra'ayin jama'a yana adawa da mu kuma, ko muna da gaskiya ko kuma muna da kuskure, ra'ayin abokin ciniki yana adawa ne da mu". == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}Woolworths na Afirka ta Kudu Ian Moir ya bayyana a fili cewa "ra'ayin jama'a yana adawa da mu kuma, ko muna da gaskiya ko kuma muna da kuskure, ra'ayin abokin ciniki yana adawa ne da mu". cr3yfhyxor325r7cvjmefyeorr7le9v 548306 548304 2024-11-29T11:34:23Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 548306 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frankie's''' wani kamfani ne na kayan shaye-shaye na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal. Ya kware wajen samar da kayan shaye-shaye masu laushi waɗanda suke da ɗanɗano iri ɗaya ko makamancinsu ga abubuwan sha masu laushi daga ko kafin shekarun 1950. Mike da Paula Schmidt ne suka kafa kamfanin a cikin shekarar 2006 a Balgowan. Manyan kasuwanninta a cikin shekarar 2015 sune Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, da lardin Gauteng na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].A shekara ta 2015 kamfanin kiwo na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Clover ya sayi hannun jarin kashi 51 cikin 100 na kamfanin, inda ya canza sunan aikin kasuwanci na Clover Frankie. == Jayayya da Woolworths == A farkon shekara ta 2012 Hukumar Kula da Talla ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta yanke hukuncin cewa kewayon abin sha mai sanyi na Woolworths ya yi koyi da kewayon ruwan sanyi na Frankie. An yanke hukuncin cewa Woolworths da gangan ya kwafe kalmar nan "Good Old Fashioned Soft Drinks" don inganta nasa layin abin sha don haka ya keta haƙƙin Frankie's Soft Drincks. Woolworths ya amince da cire kewayon nan da nan.<ref name="iol">{{Cite web |last=Peters, Sherlissa |date=2 February 2012 |title=Woolworths to remove entire soft drinks range |url=http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/woolworths-to-remove-entire-soft-drinks-range-1.1225944#.T8969NXar_g |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=iol}}</ref> Wannan gardamar ta sami yaɗuwar ɗaukar hoto a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="lifeS">{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Did Woolworths steal Frankie’s soft drink idea…here’s the definitive comparison, you decide [pics] |url=http://lifeissavage.com/2011/12/20/did-woolworths-steal-frankies-soft-drink-idea-heres-the-definitive-comparison-you-decide-pics/ |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=Life is Savage}}</ref> Bayan taron Shugaba na Woolworths na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ian Moir ya bayyana a fili cewa "ra'ayin jama'a yana adawa da mu kuma, ko muna da gaskiya ko kuma muna da kuskure, ra'ayin abokin ciniki yana adawa ne da mu". == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} jstucq7bn8sabkga31jtgwiuhfspqco 548309 548306 2024-11-29T11:35:48Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548309 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frankie's''' wani kamfani ne na kayan shaye-shaye na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal. Ya kware wajen samar da kayan shaye-shaye masu laushi waɗanda suke da ɗanɗano iri ɗaya ko makamancinsu ga abubuwan sha masu laushi daga ko kafin shekarun 1950.<ref name="DM">{{cite web | url=http://dailymaverick.co.za/article/2012-02-01-frankies-vs-woolworths-good-old-fashioned-david-and-goliath-battle | title=Frankie's vs. Woolworths: Good old-fashioned David-and-Goliath battle | work=Daily Maverick|location=South Africa | date=1 February 2012 | accessdate=6 June 2012 | author=Nicolson, Greg}}</ref> Mike da Paula Schmidt ne suka kafa kamfanin a cikin shekarar 2006 a Balgowan. Manyan kasuwanninta a cikin shekarar 2015 sune Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, da lardin Gauteng na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].A shekara ta 2015 kamfanin kiwo na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Clover ya sayi hannun jarin kashi 51 cikin 100 na kamfanin, inda ya canza sunan aikin kasuwanci na Clover Frankie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/clover-enters-soft-drink-market-through-frankies-acquisition-2015-10-07|title=Clover enters soft drink market, buys stake in Frankie's|last=Wyngaardt|first=Megan van|work=Engineering News|access-date=2017-04-24}}</ref> == Jayayya da Woolworths == A farkon shekara ta 2012 Hukumar Kula da Talla ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta yanke hukuncin cewa kewayon abin sha mai sanyi na Woolworths ya yi koyi da kewayon ruwan sanyi na Frankie. An yanke hukuncin cewa Woolworths da gangan ya kwafe kalmar nan "Good Old Fashioned Soft Drinks" don inganta nasa layin abin sha don haka ya keta haƙƙin Frankie's Soft Drincks. Woolworths ya amince da cire kewayon nan da nan.<ref name="iol">{{Cite web |last=Peters, Sherlissa |date=2 February 2012 |title=Woolworths to remove entire soft drinks range |url=http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/woolworths-to-remove-entire-soft-drinks-range-1.1225944#.T8969NXar_g |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=iol}}</ref> Wannan gardamar ta sami yaɗuwar ɗaukar hoto a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="lifeS">{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Did Woolworths steal Frankie’s soft drink idea…here’s the definitive comparison, you decide [pics] |url=http://lifeissavage.com/2011/12/20/did-woolworths-steal-frankies-soft-drink-idea-heres-the-definitive-comparison-you-decide-pics/ |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=Life is Savage}}</ref> Bayan taron Shugaba na Woolworths na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ian Moir ya bayyana a fili cewa "ra'ayin jama'a yana adawa da mu kuma, ko muna da gaskiya ko kuma muna da kuskure, ra'ayin abokin ciniki yana adawa ne da mu". == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} iqjin6i3j7bc0aygm1u3kds4fska2hc 548313 548309 2024-11-29T11:37:35Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frankie's''' wani kamfani ne na kayan shaye-shaye na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal. Ya kware wajen samar da kayan shaye-shaye masu laushi waɗanda suke da ɗanɗano iri ɗaya ko makamancinsu ga abubuwan sha masu laushi daga ko kafin shekarun 1950.<ref name="DM">{{cite web | url=http://dailymaverick.co.za/article/2012-02-01-frankies-vs-woolworths-good-old-fashioned-david-and-goliath-battle | title=Frankie's vs. Woolworths: Good old-fashioned David-and-Goliath battle | work=Daily Maverick|location=South Africa | date=1 February 2012 | accessdate=6 June 2012 | author=Nicolson, Greg}}</ref> Mike da Paula Schmidt ne suka kafa kamfanin a cikin shekarar 2006 a Balgowan. Manyan kasuwanninta a cikin shekarar 2015 sune Western Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, da lardin Gauteng na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].A shekara ta 2015 kamfanin kiwo na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Clover ya sayi hannun jarin kashi 51 cikin 100 na kamfanin, inda ya canza sunan aikin kasuwanci na Clover Frankie.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/clover-enters-soft-drink-market-through-frankies-acquisition-2015-10-07|title=Clover enters soft drink market, buys stake in Frankie's|last=Wyngaardt|first=Megan van|work=Engineering News|access-date=2017-04-24}}</ref> == Jayayya da Woolworths == A farkon shekara ta 2012 Hukumar Kula da Talla ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ta yanke hukuncin cewa kewayon abin sha mai sanyi na Woolworths ya yi koyi da kewayon ruwan sanyi na Frankie. An yanke hukuncin cewa Woolworths da gangan ya kwafe kalmar nan "Good Old Fashioned Soft Drinks" don inganta nasa layin abin sha don haka ya keta haƙƙin Frankie's Soft Drincks. Woolworths ya amince da cire kewayon nan da nan.<ref name="iol">{{Cite web |last=Peters, Sherlissa |date=2 February 2012 |title=Woolworths to remove entire soft drinks range |url=http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/woolworths-to-remove-entire-soft-drinks-range-1.1225944#.T8969NXar_g |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=iol}}</ref> Wannan gardamar ta sami yaɗuwar ɗaukar hoto a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name="lifeS">{{Cite web |date=20 December 2011 |title=Did Woolworths steal Frankie’s soft drink idea…here’s the definitive comparison, you decide [pics] |url=http://lifeissavage.com/2011/12/20/did-woolworths-steal-frankies-soft-drink-idea-heres-the-definitive-comparison-you-decide-pics/ |access-date=6 June 2012 |publisher=Life is Savage}}</ref> Bayan taron Shugaba na Woolworths na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Ian Moir ya bayyana a fili cewa "ra'ayin jama'a yana adawa da mu kuma, ko muna da gaskiya ko kuma muna da kuskure, ra'ayin abokin ciniki yana adawa ne da mu". == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} r1sa6wt5fim3b35tdrirzpviafjhr5s 0 88296 548320 2024-11-29T11:45:45Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1223746543|Ohlsson's Cape Breweries]]" 548320 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Ohlsson's Cape Breweries''' wani kamfani ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke yin giya a Newlands, Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our History – Foresters Arms |url=https://forries.co.za/our-history/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An kafa shi a kusa da shekarun 1881 ta wani ɗan hijira kuma ɗan masana'antu, [[Anders Ohlsson (industrialist)|Anders Ohlsson.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Michael |date=September 1976 |title=Anders Ohlsson, Brewer and Politician: 1881-94 |url=https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11427/23360/Ryan_Anders_Ohlsson_1976.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> Kamfanin Castle Breweries ya siya Ohlsson's kuma ya haɗe ya zama Kamfanin Breweries na Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 1956. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2019 |title=Ohlsson's Cape Breweries Ltd – Rhodesian Study Circle |url=http://www.rhodesianstudycircle.org.uk/ohlssons-cape-breweries-ltd/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Kamfanin Breweries na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ya ci gaba da sayar da giyar da ake samarwa a cikin gida a ƙarƙashin alamar Ohlsson har zuwa lokacin da aka dakatar da shi a ƙarshen shekarar 1990s. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mager |first=Anne |date=2005 |title='One Beer, One Goal, One Nation, One Soul': South African Breweries, Heritage, Masculinity and Nationalism 1960-1999 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600835 |journal=Past & Present |issue=188 |pages=163–194 |doi=10.1093/pastj/gti021 |issn=0031-2746 |jstor=3600835}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8j5qu7ji33uph603hjt3ypbuvw26p12 548322 548320 2024-11-29T11:48:19Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548322 wikitext text/x-wiki The '''Ohlsson's Cape Breweries''' wani kamfani ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke yin giya a Newlands, Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our History – Foresters Arms |url=https://forries.co.za/our-history/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An kafa shi a kusa da shekarun 1881 ta wani ɗan hijira kuma ɗan masana'antu, [[Anders Ohlsson (industrialist)|Anders Ohlsson.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Michael |date=September 1976 |title=Anders Ohlsson, Brewer and Politician: 1881-94 |url=https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11427/23360/Ryan_Anders_Ohlsson_1976.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> Kamfanin Castle Breweries ya siya Ohlsson's kuma ya haɗe ya zama Kamfanin Breweries na Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 1956.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Farrell|first=Sean|date=2015-10-13|title=Megabrew takeover: the world's two largest brewers|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/oct/13/megabrew-takeover-ab-inbev-sabmiller-two-largest-brewers|access-date=2021-01-03|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ohlsson's Cape Breweries Ltd – Rhodesian Study Circle|date=5 November 2019 |url=http://www.rhodesianstudycircle.org.uk/ohlssons-cape-breweries-ltd/|access-date=2021-01-03|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-10-07|title=Factbox: SABMiller, from South African gold rush to brewing giant|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sabmiller-m-a-ab-inbev-factbox-idUSKCN0S11NF20151007|access-date=2021-01-03}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2019 |title=Ohlsson's Cape Breweries Ltd – Rhodesian Study Circle |url=http://www.rhodesianstudycircle.org.uk/ohlssons-cape-breweries-ltd/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Kamfanin Breweries na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ya ci gaba da sayar da giyar da ake samarwa a cikin gida a ƙarƙashin alamar Ohlsson har zuwa lokacin da aka dakatar da shi a ƙarshen shekarar 1990s. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mager |first=Anne |date=2005 |title='One Beer, One Goal, One Nation, One Soul': South African Breweries, Heritage, Masculinity and Nationalism 1960-1999 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600835 |journal=Past & Present |issue=188 |pages=163–194 |doi=10.1093/pastj/gti021 |issn=0031-2746 |jstor=3600835}}</ref> == Manazarta == 3u1wgb2u5h1ixn4en2t4ozp2kds21v2 548323 548322 2024-11-29T11:49:43Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 548323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ohlsson's Cape Breweries''' wani kamfani ne na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da ke yin giya a Newlands, Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our History – Foresters Arms |url=https://forries.co.za/our-history/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An kafa shi a kusa da shekarun 1881 ta wani ɗan hijira kuma ɗan masana'antu, [[Anders Ohlsson (industrialist)|Anders Ohlsson.]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Michael |date=September 1976 |title=Anders Ohlsson, Brewer and Politician: 1881-94 |url=https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11427/23360/Ryan_Anders_Ohlsson_1976.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> Kamfanin Castle Breweries ya siya Ohlsson's kuma ya haɗe ya zama Kamfanin Breweries na Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 1956.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Farrell|first=Sean|date=2015-10-13|title=Megabrew takeover: the world's two largest brewers|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/oct/13/megabrew-takeover-ab-inbev-sabmiller-two-largest-brewers|access-date=2021-01-03|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ohlsson's Cape Breweries Ltd – Rhodesian Study Circle|date=5 November 2019 |url=http://www.rhodesianstudycircle.org.uk/ohlssons-cape-breweries-ltd/|access-date=2021-01-03|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-10-07|title=Factbox: SABMiller, from South African gold rush to brewing giant|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sabmiller-m-a-ab-inbev-factbox-idUSKCN0S11NF20151007|access-date=2021-01-03}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 November 2019 |title=Ohlsson's Cape Breweries Ltd – Rhodesian Study Circle |url=http://www.rhodesianstudycircle.org.uk/ohlssons-cape-breweries-ltd/ |access-date=2021-01-03 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Kamfanin Breweries na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] ya ci gaba da sayar da giyar da ake samarwa a cikin gida a ƙarƙashin alamar Ohlsson har zuwa lokacin da aka dakatar da shi a ƙarshen shekarar 1990s. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mager |first=Anne |date=2005 |title='One Beer, One Goal, One Nation, One Soul': South African Breweries, Heritage, Masculinity and Nationalism 1960-1999 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600835 |journal=Past & Present |issue=188 |pages=163–194 |doi=10.1093/pastj/gti021 |issn=0031-2746 |jstor=3600835}}</ref> == Manazarta == dkvcne2aesis9yu1kv9s200wh6bw2td 0 88297 548324 2024-11-29T11:57:57Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1239323595|Dulce Café]]" 548324 wikitext text/x-wiki Dulce Café shine sunan kantin kofi/Gidan cin abinci da ke aiki a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya samo asali ne a birnin Port Elizabeth, kamfanin ya fara ne a matsayin ƙaramin kantin sayar da ice cream a cikin shekarar 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cafe Dulce in Summerstrand, Eastern Cape |url=https://www.sa-venues.com/things-to-do/easterncape/cafe-dulce/#:~:text=About%20Cafe%20Dulce,South%20Africans,%20young%20and%20old. |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.sa-venues.com}}</ref> kuma yanzu ya girma zuwa shagunan 53 a duk faɗin ƙasar. [[Fayil:Firstdulce.jpg|right|thumb| Dulce Cafe na farko]] == Tarihi == Hubert Stempowski ya kafa Dulce Café, a lokacin da ya fi girma, ya yi aiki da mutane sama da 110 a duk faɗin Gabashin Cape. Dulce Ice Cream ya buɗe don kasuwanci a watan Yulin 1981 a cikin wani karamin haɗaɗdun a [[Sydenham, Port Elizabeth]]. [[Fayil:MikePullen.jpg|thumb| Mike Pullen]] A shekara ta 2001, Mike Pullen ya jagoranci siyayyar gudanarwa, wanda ya zama mafi yawan masu hannun jarin kamfanin. Alamar ta fara kai hari kan kasuwannin alkuki kamar shagunan asibiti. A farkon shekara ta 2013, Pullen ya sayar da mafi yawan hannun jarinsa a Dulcé Café SA (don mayar da hankali kan kasuwannin duniya) ga Kobus Wiese na Wiese Coffee Holdings. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dulce Cafe Franchise for Sale {{!}} Buy a Franchise |url=https://whichfranchise.co.za/franchise/dulce-cafe-franchise-sale/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=whichfranchise.co.za |language=en-ZA}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, an rattaba hannu kan yarjeniyoyi don faɗaɗa alamar zuwa Gabashin Afirka, Yammacin Afirka da yankuna MENA. A cikin watan Oktoba 2015, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ikon amfani da ikon amfani da sunan kamfani da Indiya. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:91%;" ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" |Ƙasa ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:15%;" | Kwanan wata ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" | Wurin fita na farko ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" | Adadin kantuna masu aiki a halin yanzu |- | [[Afirka ta Kudu]] | 12 ga Yuli, 1981 | [[Port Elizabeth]], Gabashin Cape | 53 |- | [[Namibiya]] | 15 ga Mayu 2007 | [[Windhoek]] | 1 |- | [[Tanzaniya]] | 5 Disamba 2011 | [[Dar es Salaam]] | 1 |- | [[Ghana]] | Afrilu 2011 | [[Accra]] | 1 |- | [[Zambiya]] | Afrilu 2011 | [[Lusaka]] | 1 |- | [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] | Mayu 2011 | [[Riyadh]] | 1 |- | [[Indiya]] | Janairu 2016 | | 1 |} == Manazarta == Dulce CaféDulce Café2015-10-132015-10-13Dulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce CaféDulce Café srr85epsaw4gvpzsj28zv4zcz4wdovz 548325 548324 2024-11-29T11:58:22Z Muhammad Idriss Criteria 15878 /* Manazarta */ 548325 wikitext text/x-wiki Dulce Café shine sunan kantin kofi/Gidan cin abinci da ke aiki a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Ya samo asali ne a birnin Port Elizabeth, kamfanin ya fara ne a matsayin ƙaramin kantin sayar da ice cream a cikin shekarar 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cafe Dulce in Summerstrand, Eastern Cape |url=https://www.sa-venues.com/things-to-do/easterncape/cafe-dulce/#:~:text=About%20Cafe%20Dulce,South%20Africans,%20young%20and%20old. |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=www.sa-venues.com}}</ref> kuma yanzu ya girma zuwa shagunan 53 a duk faɗin ƙasar. [[Fayil:Firstdulce.jpg|right|thumb| Dulce Cafe na farko]] == Tarihi == Hubert Stempowski ya kafa Dulce Café, a lokacin da ya fi girma, ya yi aiki da mutane sama da 110 a duk faɗin Gabashin Cape. Dulce Ice Cream ya buɗe don kasuwanci a watan Yulin 1981 a cikin wani karamin haɗaɗdun a [[Sydenham, Port Elizabeth]]. [[Fayil:MikePullen.jpg|thumb| Mike Pullen]] A shekara ta 2001, Mike Pullen ya jagoranci siyayyar gudanarwa, wanda ya zama mafi yawan masu hannun jarin kamfanin. Alamar ta fara kai hari kan kasuwannin alkuki kamar shagunan asibiti. A farkon shekara ta 2013, Pullen ya sayar da mafi yawan hannun jarinsa a Dulcé Café SA (don mayar da hankali kan kasuwannin duniya) ga Kobus Wiese na Wiese Coffee Holdings. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dulce Cafe Franchise for Sale {{!}} Buy a Franchise |url=https://whichfranchise.co.za/franchise/dulce-cafe-franchise-sale/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=whichfranchise.co.za |language=en-ZA}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, an rattaba hannu kan yarjeniyoyi don faɗaɗa alamar zuwa Gabashin Afirka, Yammacin Afirka da yankuna MENA. A cikin watan Oktoba 2015, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ikon amfani da ikon amfani da sunan kamfani da Indiya. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:91%;" ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" |Ƙasa ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:15%;" | Kwanan wata ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" | Wurin fita na farko ! class="wikitable sortable" style="width:20%;" | Adadin kantuna masu aiki a halin yanzu |- | [[Afirka ta Kudu]] | 12 ga Yuli, 1981 | [[Port Elizabeth]], Gabashin Cape | 53 |- | [[Namibiya]] | 15 ga Mayu 2007 | [[Windhoek]] | 1 |- | [[Tanzaniya]] | 5 Disamba 2011 | [[Dar es Salaam]] | 1 |- | [[Ghana]] | Afrilu 2011 | [[Accra]] | 1 |- | [[Zambiya]] | Afrilu 2011 | [[Lusaka]] | 1 |- | [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] | Mayu 2011 | [[Riyadh]] | 1 |- | [[Indiya]] | Janairu 2016 | | 1 |} == Manazarta == 9d3sz8jl4sklgrh4jruf1cidw4pp4e4